Wikimedia Incubator incubatorwiki https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Main_Page MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.5 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Incubator Incubator talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Translations Translations talk 4 9468 6685244 6684856 2025-06-13T14:10:11Z Kxeon 2598343 6685244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incubator:Administrators' noticeboard/top}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = '((FULLPAGENAME))/Archive/((year))' | show = yes | timeout = 31 | overview=[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive|Archive]] }} == How do I translate [[:Template:Test wiki]]? == I am genuinely so lost on this. I don't know what to actually ''use'' to translate this. No subpages, no translatewiki entry, nothing. What do I do? [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 19:34, 19 May 2025 (UTC) :If it's Prussian you want to translate into, is this what you are looking for? [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Incubator%3AMain+Page&action=page&filter=&language=prg] Cheers, {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 21:27, 19 May 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]]: Nowadays, it is translated in Translatewiki.net: [[translatewiki:Special:Translate/ext-wikimediaincubator-onwiki]]. I'll update the documentation at [[Incubator:Translation project]]. [[User:Jon Harald Søby|Jon Harald Søby]] ([[User talk:Jon Harald Søby|talk]]) 07:11, 20 May 2025 (UTC) ::Thanks for that. Btw, maybe it would be a good idea to change the links at the bottom to go to the translatewiki page you just led me to? I kept on clicking that thinking that it would take me to the page to translate it or something. But no.<br> ::Maybe there's another reason as to why you ''don't''? Maybe, maybe not. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 22:18, 20 May 2025 (UTC) == Half (give or take a few) of the Prūsiska Wikipēdija copied to [[Wp/prg]] - What should be done? == I had ''assumed'' Nertiks would be fine with copying it over; as there was [[User:Kxeon/oops|no response]]. I started making pages here on October 7, and started importing on the 31st. However, somewhere in/after December, I found what he said on [[metawiki:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Prussian 2|the request for the ''Prussian Wikipedia'']]: ''"The Prussian Wikipedia started to work on an independent server: http://wikipedia.prusaspira.ez.lv (now http://wikipedia.prusaspira.org) after refusing it in the official Wikipedia. We have 6 authors who write articles more or less regularly. From the technical point of view it would be better to make the decision about Wikipedia for our language using the material on this server, not to start an Incubator, which can disappear and work of people can be wasted then."'' --[[metawiki:User:Nertiks|User:Nertiks]]; 27 Febuary 2012 Nowadays, the independent Wikipedia has only two users (or three, if you count ''WūranArtīkelinRedigītajs'', who may be Nertiks): Nertiks and me. It appears that the data was transferred (between servers? due to a server error?) on 28 September 2021. I joined on the 26th of 2024. Plus, there have been many, many other instances of copying from the Prūsiska Wikipēdija, so I thought it would be fine. I copied half of the Prūsiska Wikipēdija over (give or take a few articles). It's licensed with CC BY-SA-4.0, however I suspect that [{{fullurl:Special:Contributions|target=Kxeon&namespace=0&tagfilter=&newOnly=1&start=&end=&limit=2000}} the way I did it] breaks the licensing, by not specifically adding the [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ CC BY-SA-4.0] link to the commit message every time. === What should be done about this? === * Should the articles that I imported be mass-deleted? * Should we export every single article that exists in Wp/prg to the [http://wikipedia.prusaspira.org Prūsiska Wikipēdija], convert it to their orthography, and have the Prussian Wikipedia go [[metawiki:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Toki Pona 2|the way of Toki Pona]]? * Should I ask Nertiks again and tell him what I did? * Should I should be blocked from editing the Incubator because there's a rule I violated by doing this? :* If so, should it be temporary or indefinite? * Or should nothing happen? This may be such a massive blunder that I felt like I had to go here instead of the [[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]]. Yikes, and sorry. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 15:39, 12 June 2025 (UTC) e29vrl85gsunijpx4birjarwf9l0i5s 0 20860 6685229 6674231 2025-06-13T12:56:22Z CommonsDelinker 992 Replacing [[Image:Europe-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg]] with [[Image:Map_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_Europe.svg]] (deleted by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because of: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 6685229 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" border="1" align="right" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="300" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+<div class="center">Εὐρώπη</div> |- | colspan="2" align="center" |[[File:Europe orthographic Caucasus Urals boundary (with borders).svg|frameless]] |- |'''Ἐμβαδόν''' |10.180.000 χ²<ref>"''[https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/largest-countries-in-europe worldpopulationreview.com]''" Αἱ μέγιστες τῆς Εὐρώπης πόλεις - Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 8/9/2020</ref> |- |'''Πλῆθος''' |746.419.440<ref name=":0">"[https://population.un.org/wpp/ ''2019 Revision'' of ''World Population Prospects'']" Τμῆμα Οἰκονομίας καὶ Κοινωνίας τῶν Ἡνωμένων Ἐθνῶν - Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 9/11/2019</ref> |- |'''Πυκνότης Πλήθους''' |72,9/χ² |- |'''[[Wp/grc/Ὅλον Ἐθνικὸν Ἀπότεγμα|ΟΕΑ]] <small>(GDP)</small>''' |$21,79 τρισ.<ref>"[https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDP_RPCH@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD OEA]" IMF 2019 - Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 6/3/2019</ref> |- |'''ΟΕΑ κατὰ κεφαλήν''' |$29.410<ref>"[https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDP_RPCH@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD ΟΕΑ κατὰ κεφαλὴν]" IMF 2019 - Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 20/4/2019</ref> |- |'''[[Wp/grc/Σημεῖον Ἀνθρωπίνης Προκοπῆς|ΣΑΠ]] <small>(HDI)</small>''' |[[File:Increase2.svg|frameless|11x11px]] 0,845 |- |'''Ζῶναι Ὥρας''' |UTC-1 ''–'' UTC+5 |- | style="vertical-align: top;" |'''Γλῶσσαι''' |Ἰνδοευρωπαϊκαὶ γλῶσσαι,<br>Φιννουγγρικαὶ γλῶσσαι,<br>Τουρκικαὶ γλῶσσαι,<br>Οὐασκωνικαὶ γλῶσσαι |- | style="vertical-align: top;" |'''Μέγισται Πόλεις''' |[[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|frameless|23x23px]] [[Wp/grc/Βυζάντιον|Βυζάντιον]]<br>[[File:Flag of Russia with border.svg|frameless|23x23px]] [[Wp/grc/Μόσχα|Μόσχα]]<br>[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|frameless|23x23px]] [[Wp/grc/Λονδίνιον|Λονδίνιον]]<br>[[File:Flag of Russia with border.svg|frameless|23x23px]] [[Wp/grc/Ἁγία Πετρούπολις|Ἁγία Πετρούπολις]]<br>[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|frameless|23x23px]] [[Wp/grc/Βερολῖνον|Βερολῖνον]] |} Ἡ '''Εὐρώπη''' (καλουμένη γὰρ συχνῶς καὶ "Γηραιὰ Ἤπειρος") ἐστὶ μία τῶν ἕξ [[Wp/grc/Ἤπειρος|ἠπείρων]] ἣ κατοικεῖ τῇ ἑσπέρᾳ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Εὐρασία|Εὐρασίας]]. Ἐτεόν γε, οὐκ ἔστιν ἀληθὴς ὅρος μεταξὺ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Ἀσία|Ἀσίας]] καὶ τῆς Εὐρώπης πλὴν ὅτι τοῦ νομίζοντος. Ἥδε ἡ διαίρεσις πρῶτον ἐποιήθη ὑπὸ τῶν ἀρχαίων Ἑλλήνων. Γειτνιᾷ τῇ ἑσπέρᾳ τῷ [[Wp/grc/Ἀτλαντικὸς Ὠκεανός|Ἀτλαντικῷ Ὠκεανῷ]], τῇ ἄρκτῳ τῷ [[Wp/grc/Ἀρκτικὸς Ὠκεανός|Ἀρκτικῷ Ὠκεανῷ]], τῷ νότῷ τῇ [[Wp/grc/Μεσόγειον πέλαγος|Μεσογείῳ Θαλάσσῃ]] καὶ τῇ ἀνατολῇ τῇ Ἀσίᾳ. Εὐρώπη ἐστὶ ἡ ἕκτη μεγίστη ἤπειρος τῆς οἰκουμένης, καλύπτουσα τὸ 2% τοῦ ἐμβαδοῦ τοῦ [[Wp/grc/Γῆ|πλανήτου]] ἤτοι τὸ 6,8% τῆς γῆς (10.180.000 χ²). Ἔχει πεντήκοντα μετὰ πλήρους ἀναγνωρίσεως χῶραι, ἐξ ὧν ἡ μεγίστη ἐστὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσία|Ῥωσσία]]. Ἔχει ἔτι 747 ἑκατομμύρια κατοίκους (11% τοῦ παγκοσμίου πλήθους) ἔτει 2019.<ref name=":0" /> Ὁ [[Wp/grc/Εὐρωπαϊκὸς Πολιτισμός|Εὐρωπαϊκὸς Πολιτισμὸς]] πολλάκις δὴ κεκάρπευκε τὴν ἔξοχον θέσιν αὐτοῦ, τι καλούμενον «Εὐρωκεντρισμός», ἵνα στρατιωτικῇ ἐπικρατήσει καὶ ἄλλοις εἴδεσι δυναστείας μορφοῖ τὴν νεοτέραν ἱστορίαν καὶ τὸ πάγκοσμιον κοινωνικοοικονομικὸν σύστημα.<ref>Addo, Herb (1986). "[https://books.google.gr/books?id=9uZJoGnnSr8C&pg=PA2&lpg=PA2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Imperialism, the Permanent Stage of Capitalism]" (Αὐτοκρατορισμός: Ὁ παρμόνιμος βαθμὸς τῆς Κεφαλαιοκρατίας) ISBN 92-808-0484-7</ref> Ὁ Εὐρωπαϊκὸς Πολιτισμὸς γάρ, ὅσπερ ἐπίγονος τῆς [[Wp/grc/Ἀρχαία Ἑλλάς|Ἀρχαίας Ἑλλάδος]] τε καὶ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Ἀρχαία Ῥώμη|Ἀρχαίας Ῥώμης]], ἐστὶ ῥίζα τοῦ Δυτικοῦ Πολιτισμοῦ.<ref>Lewis & Wigen 1997, σελ. 226</ref><ref>Kim Covert (2011). [https://books.google.gr/books?id=KVMYJNvUiYkC&pg=PP5&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Ancient Greece: Birthplace of Democracy] ''(Ἀρχαία Ἑλλάς: Γεννήτειρα τῆς Δημοκρατίας)'' σελ. 5. ISBN 978-1-4296-6831-6</ref><ref>Ricardo Duchesne (2011). [https://books.google.gr/books?id=pWmDPzPo0XAC&pg=PA297&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false The Uniqueness of Western Civilization] ''(Ἡ Μονογένεια τοῦ Δυτικοῦ Πολιτισμοῦ)'' σελ. 297. ISBN 978-90-04-19248-5</ref> Ἡ [[Wp/grc/Πτῶσις τῆς Δυτικῆς Ῥωμαϊκῆς Αὐτοκρατορίας|πτῶσις]] τῆς [[Wp/grc/Δυτικὴ Ῥωμαϊκὴ Αὐτοκρατορία|Δυτικῆς Ῥωμαϊκῆς Αὐτοκρατορίας]] ἐγένετο τὸ τέλος τῆς ἀρχαίας εὐρωπαϊκῆς ἱστορίας καὶ ἡ ἀρχὴ τοῦ [[Wp/grc/Μεσαίων|Μεσαίωνος]]. Ἐκ τοῦ [[Wp/grc/Αἰὼν τῶν Ἀνακαλύψεων|Αἰῶνος τῶν Ἀνακαλύψεων]], ὃς συμπίπτει μετὰ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Ἀναγέννησις|Ἀναγεννήσεως]], ἡ Εὐρώπη μετεἶχε ἀξιολόγως τοῖς παγκοσμίοις πράγμασι οἰκίσασα ἀποικίας ἐν τῇ [[Wp/grc/Ἀμερική|Ἀμερικῇ]], τῇ [[Wp/grc/Λιβύη|Λιβύῃ]], τῇ [[Wp/grc/Ὠκεανία|Ὠκεανίᾳ]] καὶ τῇ [[Wp/grc/Ἀσία|Ἀσία]]. Ὁ [[Wp/grc/Διαφωτισμός|Διαφωτισμός]], ἡ [[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Ἐπανάστασις|Γαλλικὴ Ἐπανάστασίς]] τε καὶ οἱ [[Wp/grc/Ναπολεόντιοι Πόλεμοι|Ναπολεόντιοι Πόλεμοι]] ἐμόρφωσαν τὴν ἤπειρον κοινωνικῶς, πολιτικῶς καὶ οἰκονομικῶς ἀπὸ τοῦ 17ου ἕως τοῦ πρώτου ἡμίσους τοῦ 19ου αἰῶνος. Ἡ δὲ [[Wp/grc/Βιομηχανικὴ Ἐπανάστασις|Βιομηχανικὴ Ἐπανάστασις]], ἣ ἤρξατο τῆς [[Wp/grc/Ἀλβιών|Ἀλβιῶνος]] τῷ τέλει τοῦ 18ου αἰῶνος, ἔφυν ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ - καὶ χρόνῳ ἐν ἁπάσῃ τῇ οἰκουμένῃ - ῥιζορηκτικὰς κοινωνικάς, πολιτικάς καὶ οἰκονομικὰς μεταβολάς. Οἱ δύο [[Wp/grc/Παγκόσμιοι Πόλεμοι|Παγκόσμιοι Πόλεμοι]] ἐσήμανον τὸ τέλος τῆς Εὐρωπαϊκῆς δυναστείας ἐπὶ τῆς οἰκουμένης ὅθ' αἱ [[Wp/grc/Ἡνώμεναι Πολιτεῖαι τῆς Ἀμερικῆς|Ἡνωμέναι Πολιτεῖαι τῆς Ἀμερικῆς]] τε καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἕνωσις Σοβιετική|Σοβιετικὴ Ἕνωσις]] ἐγένοντο ἐξοχώτεραι.<ref>National Geographic, 534.</ref> Ἐν τῷ [[Wp/grc/Ψυχρῷ Πολέμῳ|Ψυχρῷ Πολέμῳ]] ἡ Εὐρώπη δυοῖν μεροῖν (τὰς [[Wp/grc/Σπονδαὶ Βορειοατλαντικῆς Συστάσεως|ΣΒΑΣ]] καὶ τὰ [[Wp/grc/Σύμβολα Οὐαρσουίας|Σύμβολα τῆς Οὐαρσουίας]]) διείλετο ὑπὸ τοῦ [[Wp/grc/Σιδηροὺν Παραπέτασμα|Σιδηροῦ Παραπετάσματος]]. Τὸ 1958, μετὰ τὰς [[Wp/grc/Σπονδαὶ τῆς Ῥώμης|Σπονδὰς τῆς Ῥώμης]], ἱδρύθη ἡ [[Wp/grc/Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Οἰκονομικὴ Κοινωνία|Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Οἰκονομικὴ Κοινωνία]] (πρόδρομος τῆς [[Wp/grc/Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Ἕνωσις|Εὐρωπαϊκῆς Ἑνώσεως]]) ὑφ' ἕξ χωρῶν. Ἐκ τότε, κατὰ μικρὸν προσωρικυῖα ἄλλων χωρῶν, παρατείνει τὴν αὐτῆς ἀρχὴν ἐν τῇ ἠπείρῳ. == Ἐτυμολογία == [[File:Anaximander world map-el.svg|left|thumb|220x220px|Ὁ πρῶτος παγκόσμιος πίναξ κατὰ τὸν Ἀναξίμανδρον (6ος ΠΚΕ αἰών)|alt=]][[File:Europa copy.jpg|thumb|238x238px|Ἡ Ἒὐρώπη καὶ ὁ Ταῦρος - Ἐρυθρόμορφος Στάμνος, ~480 ΠΚΕ |alt=]] Ἐν τῇ [[Wp/grc/Ἑλληνικὴ Μυθολογία|ἑλληνικῇ Μυθολογίᾳ]] ἡ [[Wp/grc/Εὐρώπη (μυθολογία)|Εὐρώπη]] ἦν πριγκίπισσα ἐκ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Ἀρχαία Φοινίκη|Φοινίκης]] ἣ, ἀπαχθεῖσα ὑπὸ τοῦ [[Wp/grc/Ζεύς|Διός]], μετηνέχθη τῇ [[Wp/grc/Κρήτη|Κρήτῃ]]. Λέγουσι γὲ πλείστοι ὅτι τὸ ἔτυμον τῆς Εύρώπης ἐκ τῶν λέξεων εὐρύς καὶ ὤψ (γεν. ὠπὸς) ἐστί, σημαῖνον «ἀθροῦσα εὐρέως» ἢ «μετ' ὄψεως πλατείας».<ref name=":1">Μ.Λ. Ἕσπερος; Morris West (24 Μαΐου 2007). "[https://books.google.gr/books?id=ZXrJA_5LKlYC&redir_esc=y Ἰνδοευρωπαϊκὴ Ποιήσις καὶ Μύθοι]". OUP Oxford. σελ. 185. ISBN 978-0-19-928075-9</ref><ref>Michael C. Astour (1967). [https://books.google.gr/books?id=NMkUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA128&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Ἑλληνοσημιτικά: Μία Ἐθνικὴ καὶ Πολιτιστικὴ σκέψις περὶ τῆς ἑσπερινῆς σημητικῆς ἐμπτώσεως ἐπὶ τῆς Μυκηναϊκῆς Ἑλλάδος]. Brill Archive. σελ. 128. GGKEY:G19ZZ3TSL38.</ref> ''Εὐρεία'' ἦν ἐπίθετον τῆς Γαίας αὐτῆς ἐν τῇ ἀναδεδμημένῃ ἰνδοευρωπαϊκῇ μυθολογίᾳ καὶ ἐν τῇ καθιεροῦσα πρὸς ταύτην ποιήσει.<ref name=":1" /> [[Wp/grc/Ῥοβέρτος Σ. Π. Βήκης|Ῥοβέρτος Σ. Π. Βήκης]] ὅμως ἐτυμολογεῖ ὑπὲρ τινὸς προϊνδοευρωπαϊκῆς ἀρχῆς.<ref name=":2" /> Πείρωνται δὴ τινὲς προσπλέκειν τὴν Εὐρώπη λέξει σημιτικῇ ἣ σημαίνει «Δύσις», ἤτοι τῇ ἀκαδικῇ ''erebu'' (𒀭𒌓𒋙𒀀 = δύω) ἢ τῇ φοινικικῇ ''<nowiki/>'ereb'' (𐤏𐤓𐤁 = ἑσπέρα, δύσις).<ref>"[https://www.etymonline.com/word/Europe Europe]" - ''Online Etymology Dictionary,'' ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 21/9/2020</ref> [[Wp/grc/Μαρτίνος Λισφεῖλδος Ἕσπερος|Μαρτίνος Λισφεῖλδος Ἕσπερος]] τε καὶ [[Wp/grc/Ῥοβέρτος Σ. Π. Βήκης|Βήκης]] ἀποδοκιμάζουσι τήνδε τὴν ὑπόθεσιν.<ref>Μ.Λ. Ἕσπερος (1997). "[https://books.google.gr/books/about/The_East_Face_of_Helicon_West_Asiatic_El.html?id=fIp0RYIjazQC&redir_esc=y The east face of Helicon: west Asiatic elements in Greek poetry and myth]" ''(Ἡ ἀνατολικὴ πλευρὰ τοῦ Ἑλικῶνος: δυτικὰ Ἀσιατικὰ στοιχεῖα τῇ Ἑλληνικῇ ποιήσει καὶ μύθῳ)''. Oxford: Clarendon Press. σελ. 451. ISBN 978-0-19-815221-7</ref><ref name=":2">Ῥοβέρτος Βήκης (2004). "[https://www.robertbeekes.nl/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/b118.pdf Kadmos and Europa, and the Phoenicians]" ''(Κάδμος, Εὐρώπη καὶ οἱ Φοίνικες)'' (PDF). </ref> Αἱ πλεῖσται τῶν γλωσσῶν ἔπλασαν τὴν αὐτῶν λέξιν περὶ Εὐρώπης ἐκ τῆς Ἑλληνικῆς. Παραδείγματος χάριν, ἡ Σηρικὴ χρᾶται τῇ λέξει ''Ōuzhōu'' (歐洲/欧洲), ἣ ἀποκοπὴ τῆς ''Ōuluóbā zhōu'' (歐羅巴洲) (''zhōu'' σημαίνει ἤπειρος). ''<nowiki/>'' == Ὅροι τῆς Εὐρώπης == [[File:Europe Asia transcontinental.png|thumb|376x376px| {{Wp/grc/Legend|#67E863|Χῶραι ὅλως οὖσαι ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ}} {{Wp/grc/Legend|#9AC0EA|Μέρος χώρας ἐν δυοῖν ἠπείροιν ὃ ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ}} {{Wp/grc/Legend|#5D66BE|Μέρος χώρας ἐν δυοῖν ἠπείροιν ὃ ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ}} {{Wp/grc/Legend|#945DBE|Χῶραι ὅλως οὖσαι ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ (σὺν τῇ Ἀρμενία καὶ τῇ Κύπρῳ)}} ]] Οἱ ὅροι τῆς Εὐρώπης πολλάκις δὴ μεταβέβληνται ἀνὰ τοὺς αἰώνας. Ὑπὸ τῷ κοινῶς χρωμένῳ γεωγραφικῷ ὁρισμῷ, τείνουσι οὗτοι μὲν οὖν [[Wp/grc/Ἀσία|Ἀσίᾳ]] κατὰ τὰ [[Wp/grc/Ῥιπαῖα Ὄρη|Ῥιπαῖα Ὄρη]]<ref>Charles T. Evans (1 Ἰουλίου 2009). "Ural Mountains" ''(Ῥιπαῖα Ὄρη)''. Novaonline.nvcc.edu. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 26/9/2020</ref>, τὸν [[Wp/grc/Ῥιπαῖος|Ῥιπαῖον]] καὶ τὴν [[Wp/grc/Κασπία Θάλασσα|Κασπίαν]] ἐν Ἀνατολῇ<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20110712224208/http://geography.howstuffworks.com/asia/the-ural-river.htm The Ural River]". Geography.howstuffworks.com. 30 Μαρτίου 2008. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 27/9/2020</ref> καὶ κατὰ τὸν [[Wp/grc/Μέγας Καύκασος|Μέγαν Καύκασον]],<ref>Charles T. Evans (1 Ἰουλίου 2009). "[https://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/HIS241/Notes/Geography/Caucasus.html Caucasus Mountains],". Novaonline.nvcc.edu. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 7/10/2020</ref> τὸν [[Wp/grc/Εὔξεινος Πόντος|Εὔξεινον Πόντον]], τὸν [[Wp/grc/Βόσπορος|Βόσπορον]] καὶ τὸν [[Wp/grc/Ἑλλήσποντος|Ἑλλήσποντον]] τῷ Νότῳ.<ref>Charles T. Evans (1 Ἰουλίου 2009). "[https://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/HIS241/Notes/Geography/Black.html Black Sea]". Novaonline.nvcc.edu. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 7/10/2020</ref><ref>Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopaedia 2007. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20071214005710/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761570768/Europe.html Europe]''. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 7/10/2020</ref> Εἰ καὶ τινὲς τῶν ἐκείνης ὅρων ἐπὶ γῆς, ἡ Εὐρώπη τὰ μάλιστα ὁμολογεῖται ἤπειρος αὐτὴ εἶναι ἕνεκα τοῦ μεγέθους αὐτῆς, τῆς ἐξοχῆς τῆς ἱστορίας τε καὶ τῆς παραδόσεως. Κατὰ τοὺς ἄνωθεν δεδομένους ὅρους, ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἀτροπατηνή|Ἀτροπατηνή]], ἡ [[Wp/grc/Γεωργία|Γεωργία]], ἡ [[Wp/grc/Κασαχία|Κασαχία]], ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσία|Ῥωσσία]] τε καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Τουρκία|Τουρκία]], ἔχουσαι μέρος τῆς σφετέρας χώρας καὶ τῇ Ἀσίᾳ καὶ τῇ Εὐρώπῆ, Ἡ νῆσος τῆς [[Wp/grc/Κύπρος|Κύπρου]] καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἀρμενία|Ἀρμενία]] θεωροῦνται εἶναι χῶραι εὐρωπαϊκαὶ ὡς κέκτηνται ἱστορικοὺς ἀρθμοὺς μετ' αὐτῆς. Καίπερ γὲ ἡ Μεσόγειος σαφὴς διαίρεσις μεταξὺ Εὐρώπης καὶ [[Wp/grc/Λιβύη|Λιβύης]], τινὲς τῶν νήσων ἂν νομίζοιντο λιβυκαί, οὖσαι ἐπὶ τῇ [[Wp/grc/Λιβυκὴ Τεκτονικὴ Πλάξ|Λιβυκῇ Τεκτονικῇ Πλακί]] (αὐτίκα ἡ [[Wp/grc/Σικελία|Σικελία]] καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Μελίτη|Μελίτη]]).<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722185347/http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA269141 Geological Development of the Sicilian-Tunisian Platform held in Italy (University of Urbino)]" 6 Νοεμβρίου 1992. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 9/10/2020</ref> Ὁμοίως, ἡ νῆσος τῆς [[Wp/grc/Θούλη|Θούλης]] κατοικεῖ ἐπὶ καὶ τῇ [[Wp/grc/Εὐρασιατικὴ Τεκτονικὴ Πλάξ|Εὐρασιατικῇ]] καὶ τῇ [[Wp/grc/Βορειοαμερικανικὴ Τεκτονικὴ Πλάξ|Βορειοαμερικανικῇ Πλακί]].<ref>"[https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html <nowiki>Understanding plate motions [This Dynamic Earth, USGS]</nowiki>]". Pubs.usgs.gov. 9 Ἰουνίου 1994. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 12/10/2020</ref> == Κατάλογος Χωρῶν == === Χῶραι μετὰ πλήρους ἀναγνωρίσεως === Πεντήκοντα ἀρχικαὶ χῶραι εἰσὶ ἐντὸς (πλήρως ἢ μὴ) τῶν κοινῶν ὅρων τῆς Εὐρώπης καὶ αἱ πλεῖσται ταύτων μέλη συστάσεων παγκοσμίων καὶ πανεὐρωπαϊκῶν. Πᾶσαι δὴ εἰσὶ μέλη τῶν [[Wp/grc/Ἡνωμένα Ἔθνη|Ἡνωμένων Ἐθνῶν]].<ref>"[https://www.un.org/en/member-states/index.html Χῶραι μέλη]". ''un.org'', Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 13/10/2020</ref> Τέσσαρες καὶ τεσσαράκοντα χῶραι ἔχουσι τὴν σφετέραν μητρόπολιν ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ καὶ κζ' εἰσὶ μέλη τῆς [[Wp/grc/Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Ἕνωσις|Εὐρωπαϊκῆς Ἑνώσεως]]. Τοῖς ἑκάστοις κάτω οὖσι γεγραμμένοις δίδοται καὶ πίναξ ὃς εἰκάζει τὴν θέσιν τῶν χωρῶν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ. Γῆ ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ δείκνυται ὡς χλωρά, γῆ γεωγραφικῶς ἐκτὸς Εὐρώπης δείκνυται ὡς πρασίνη καὶ γῆ ἐν τῇ Εὐρωπαϊκῇ Ἑνώσει δείκνυται ὡς ὠχροτέρα χλωρά. Κυανέῳ χρώματι δηλοῦνται γὰρ αἱ χῶραι μέλη τῆς [[Wp/grc/Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Ἕνωσις|Εὐρωπαϊκῆς Ἑνώσεως]] οὖσαι.<ref>"[https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/countries_en Χῶραι]". ''europa.eu'', Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 13/10/2020</ref> {| class="references-small sortable wikitable" ! class="unsortable" style="line-height:95%; width:2em" |Σημεῖον ! class="unsortable" style="line-height:95%; width:2em" |Πίναξ !Κοινὸν καὶ δημόσιον ὄνομα ἑλληνιστί: !Κοινὸν καὶ δημόσιον ὄνομα τῇ σφετέρᾳ γλῶσσᾳ <ref>"[https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN/docs/9th-uncsgn-docs/UNGEGN%20WG%20Country%20Names%20Document%20-%20August%202009.pdf UNGEGN List of Country Names]" ''(UNGEGN Κατάλογος Ὀνομάτων Χωρῶν)'' - Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 13/9/2020</ref> !Μητρόπολις <ref>"[http://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-5000500.htm#fn-tw1 List of countries, territories and currencies]" ''(Κατάλογος Χωρῶν καὶ Νομισμάτων)'', Europa</ref> !Ἐμβαδόν (χ²) !Πλῆθος |- |[[File:Flag of San Marino.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Location San Marino Europe.png|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἅγιος Μαρῖνος|Ἅγιος Μαρῖνος]] Πολιτεία τοῦ Ἁγίου Μαρίνου |[[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰταλιστί]]: ''San Marino – Repubblica di San Marino'' |[[Wp/grc/Ἁγιομαρινούπολις|Ἁγιομαρινούπολις]] [[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰταλιστί]]: ''San Marino'' |61 |33.607 |- | class="unsortable" style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Flag of Albania.svg|frameless|100x100px|alt=]] | class="unsortable" style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Europe-Albania.svg|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἀλβανία|Ἀλβανία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Ἀλβανίας |Ἀλβανιστί: ''Shqipëri / Shqipëria – Republika e Shqipërisë'' |[[Wp/grc/Θεράνδη|Θεράνδη]] Ἀλβανιστί: ''Tiranë'' |28.748 | 2.845.955 |- |[[File:Flag of Andorra.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Location Andorra Europe.png|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἀνδοσινία|Ἀνδοσινία]] Πριγκιπᾶτον τῆς Ἀνδοσινίας |Καταλανιστί: Andorra ''–'' ''Principat d'Andorra'' |[[Wp/grc/Ἀνδοσινόπολις|Ἀνδοσινόπολις]] Καταλανιστί: ''Andorra la Vella'' |468 |77.543 |- |[[File:Flag of Armenia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe Armenia.svg|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἀρμενία|Ἀρμενία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Ἀρμενίας |Ἀρμενιστί: ''Հայաստան – Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն <small>(Hayastan – Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun)</small>'' |[[Wp/grc/Ἐρευάν|Ἐρευάν]] Ἀρμενιστί: ''Երևան'' <small>''(Yerevan)''</small> |29.800 |2.963.000 |- |[[File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Azerbaijan.svg|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἀτροπατηνή|Ἀτροπατηνή]] Πολιτεία τῆς Ἀτροπατηνῆς |Ἀτροπατηνιστί: ''Azǝrbaycan – Azǝrbaycan Respublikası'' |[[Wp/grc/Βακυΐα|Βακυΐα]] Ἀτροπατηνιστί: ''Bakı'' |86.600 |10.095.894 |- | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:Flag of Austria.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:EU-Austria.svg|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Αὐστρία|Αὐστρία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Αὐστρίας | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Österreich – Republik Österreich'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Οὐινδόβονα|Οὐινδόβονα]] [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: Wien | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |83.858 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |8.915.382 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|frameless|100x100px|alt=]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Netherlands.svg|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βαταυία|Βαταυία]] Βασιλεία Βαταυίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Βαταυιστί: ''Nederland – Koninkrijk der Nederlanden'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἀμστελόδαμον|Ἀμστελόδαμον]] Βαταυιστί: ''Amsterdam'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |41.543 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |17.427.806 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Belgium.svg|frameless|100x100px|alt=]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Belgium.svg|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βελγική|Βελγική]] Βασιλεία Βελγίου | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Belgique – Royaume de Belgique'' [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Belgien – Königreich Belgien'' Βαταυιστί: ''België – Koninkrijk België'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βρυξέλλαι|Βρυξέλλαι]] [[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Bruxelles'' [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Brüssel'' Βαταυιστί: ''Brussel'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |30.528 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |11.530.853 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|frameless|100x100px|alt=]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Czech Republic.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βοημία|Βοημία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Βοημίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βοημικὴ Γλῶσσα|Βοημιστί]]: ''Česko – Česká republika'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Πράγα|Πράγα]] [[Wp/grc/Βοημικὴ Γλῶσσα|Βοημιστί]]: Praha | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |78.866 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |10.694.364 |- |[[File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Europe.svg|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Βοσώνα καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνη|Βοσώνα καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνη]] |Βοσωνιστί, Χροατιστί: ''Bosna i Hercegovina'' Βοσωνιστί, Σερβιστί: ''Босна и Херцеговина'' |[[Wp/grc/Σεράϊον|Σεράϊον]] Βοσωνιστί, Χροατιστί: ''Sarajevo'' Βοσωνιστί, Σερβιστί: ''Сарајево'' |51.129 |3.281.000 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Bulgaria.svg|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βουλγαρία|Βουλγαρία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Βουλγαρίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Βουλγαριστί: ''България – Република България'' <small>''(Bǎlgarija – Republika Bǎlgarija)''</small> | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Σερδική|Σερδική]] Βουλγαριστί: ''София'' <small>''(Sofia)''</small> | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |110.910 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |6.951.482 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of France.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-France (without inset).svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Γαλλία|Γαλλία]] Γαλλικὴ Πολιτεία | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''France – République française'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Λουκοτοκία|Λουκοτοκία]] [[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: Paris | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |547.030 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |64.945.000 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Germany.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Γερμανία|Γερμανία]] Συμπολιτεία τῆς Γερμανίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Deutschland – Bundesrepublik Deutschland'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βερολῖνον|Βερολῖνον]] [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Berlin'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |357.021 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |83.157.201 |- |[[File:Flag of Georgia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe Georgia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Γεωργία|Γεωργία]] |[[Wp/grc/Γεωργιανὴ γλῶσσα|Γεωργιανιστί]]: ''საქართველო'' <small>''(Sak'art'velo)''</small> |[[Wp/grc/Τιφλίς|Τιφλίς]] [[Wp/grc/Γεωργιανὴ γλῶσσα|Γεωργιανιστί]]: ''თბილისი'' ''<small>(T'bilisi)</small>'' |69.700 |3.716.900 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Romania.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Romania.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Δακία|Δακία]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Δακορωμανιστί: ''România'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βουκαρέστιον|Βουκαρέστιον]] Δακορωμανιστί: ''București'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |238.391 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |19.318.000 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Denmark.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Δανία|Δανία]] Βασιλεία Δανίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Δανιστί: ''Danmark – Kongeriget Danmark'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἁφνία|Ἁφνία]] Δανιστί: ''København'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |43.094 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |5.825.337 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Greece.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Greece.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἑλλάς|Ἑλλάς]] Ἑλληνικὴ Πολιτεία | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἑλληνικὴ γλῶττα|Καινελληνιστί]]: ''Ελλάδα – Ελληνική Δημοκρατία'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἀθῆναι|Ἀθῆναι]] [[Wp/grc/Ἑλληνικὴ γλῶττα|Καινελληνιστί]]: Αθήνα | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |131.957 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |10.724.599 |- |[[File:Flag of Switzerland.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Switzerland.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἑλουηττία|Ἑλουηττία]] Κοινὸν τῶν Ἑλουηττίων |[[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Suisse – Confédération suisse''<br /> [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Schweiz – Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft'' [[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰταλιστί]]: ''Svizzera – Confederazione Svizzera'' Ῥαιτορωμανιστί: ''Svizra – Confederaziun svizra'' |[[Wp/grc/Βέρνη|Βέρνη]] [[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Berne'' [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Bern'' [[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰταλιστί]]: ''Berna'' Ῥαιτορωμανιστί: ''Berna'' |41.290 |8.619.259 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Estonia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Estonia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἐσθονία|Ἐσθονία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Ἐσθονίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Ἐσθονιστί: ''Eesti – Eesti Vabariik'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ταλλίνη|Ταλλίνη]] Ἐσθονιστί: ''Tallinn'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |45.226 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |1.328.976 |- |[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-UK.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἡνωμένη Βασιλεία|Ἡνωμένη Βασιλεία]] Ἡνωμένη Βασιλείας Ἀλβιῶνος καὶ Βορείου Ἰέρνης |[[Wp/grc/Ἀγγλικὴ γλῶττα|Ἀγγλιστί]]: ''United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'' Ἰερνιστί: ''Ríocht Aontaithe – Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann'' Καληδονιστί: ''Unitit Kinrick – Unitit Kinrick'' ''o Great Breetain an Northren Ireland'' Καμβριστί: ''Deyrnas Unedig – Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon'' |[[Wp/grc/Λονδίνιον|Λονδίνιον]] [[Wp/grc/Ἀγγλικὴ Γλῶττα|Ἀγγλιστί]]: ''London'' Ἰερνιστί: ''Londain'' Καληδονιστί: ''Lunnon'' Καμβριστί: ''Llundain'' |244.820 |66.796.807 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Ireland.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px|border]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Ireland.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἰέρνη|Ἰέρνη]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Ἰερνιστί: ''Éire'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἔβλανα|Ἔβλανα]] Ἰερνιστί: ''Baile Átha Cliath'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |70.280 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |4.977.400 |- |[[File:Flag of Iceland.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Iceland.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἰσλανδία|Ἰσλανδία]] |[[Wp/grc/Θουλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰσλανδιστί]]: ''Ísland'' |[[Wp/grc/Ῥεϋκιαυίξ|Ῥεϋκιαυίξ]] [[Wp/grc/Θουλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰσλανδιστί]]: ''Reykjavík'' |103.000 |366.700 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Spain.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Spain.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἱσπανία|Ἱσπανία]] Βασιλείας Ἱσπανίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Ἱσπανιστί: ''España – Reino de España'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Μαδρίτη|Μαδρίτη]] Ἱσπανιστί: ''Madrid'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |504.851 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |47.329.981 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Italy.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Italy.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἰταλία|Ἰταλία]] Ἰταλικὴ Πολιτεία | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰταλιστί]]: ''Italia – Repubblica Italiana'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ῥώμη|Ῥώμη]] [[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰταλιστί]]: ''Roma'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |301.230 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |60.198.633 |- |[[File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Kazakhstan.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Κασαχία|Κασαχία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Κασαχίας |Κασαχιστί: ''Қазақстан – Қазақстан Республикасы'' ''<small>(Qazaqstan – Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy)</small>'' |[[Wp/grc/Ἀστάνη|Ἀστάνη]] Κασαχιστί: ''Астана'' ''<small>(Astana)</small>'' |2.724.900 |18.760.200 |- | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:Flag of Cyprus.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:EU-Cyprus.svg|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Κύπρος|Κύπρος]] Πολιτεία τῆς Κύπρου | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Ἑλληνικὴ γλῶττα|Καινελληνιστί]]: ''Κύπρος – Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία'' [[Wp/grc/Τουρκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Τουρκιστί]]: ''Kıbrıs – Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Λήδρα|Λήδρα]] [[Wp/grc/Ἑλληνικὴ γλῶττα|Καινελληνιστί]]: ''Λευκωσία'' [[Wp/grc/Τουρκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Τουρκιστί]]: ''Lefkoşa'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |9.251 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |875.900 |- | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:Flag of Latvia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:EU-Latvia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Λεττονία|Λεττονία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Λεττονίας | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |Λεττονιστί: ''Latvija – Latvijas Republika'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Ῥῖγα|Ῥῖγα]] Λεττονιστί: ''Rīga'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |64.589 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |1.900.000 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Lithuania.png|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Lithuania.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Λιθουανία|Λιθουανία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Λιθουανίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Λιθουανιστί: ''Lietuva – Lietuvos Respublika'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Οὐίλνα|Οὐίλνα]] Λιθουανιστί: ''Vilnius'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |65.200 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |2.795.299 |- |[[File:Flag of Belarus.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Belarus.svg|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Λευκορωσσία|Λευκορωσσία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Λευκορωσσίας |Λευκορωσσιστί: ''Беларусь – Рэспубліка Беларусь <small>(Bielaruś – Respublika Bielaruś)</small>'' [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Беларусь – Республика Беларусь <small>(Belarus' — Respublika Belarus'</small>''<small>'')''</small> |[[Wp/grc/Μίνεσκον|Μίνεσκον]] Λευκορωσσιστί: ''Мінск'' <small>''(Minsk)''</small> [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Минск'' <small>''(Minsk)''</small> |207.560 |9.397.800 |- |[[File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Location Liechtenstein Europe.png|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Λευχεντία|Λευχεντία]] Πριγκιπᾶτον τῆς Λευχεντίας |[[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Liechtenstein – Fürstentum Liechtenstein'' |[[Wp/grc/Ἡδεῖα Κοιλάς|Ἡδεῖα Κοιλάς]] [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Vaduz'' |160 |38.749 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Luxembourg.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Λουξεμβοῦργον|Λουξεμβοῦργον]] Μέγα Δουκᾶτον τοῦ Λουξεμβούργου | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Luxembourg – Grand-Duché de Luxembourg'' [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Luxemburg – Großherzogtum Luxemburg'' Λουξεμβουργιανιστί: ''Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Λουξεμβουργούπολις|Λουξεμβουργούπολις]] [[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Luxembourg'' [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γερμανιστί]]: ''Luxemburg'' Λουξεμβουργιστί: ''Lëtzebuerg'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |2.586 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |626.108 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Portugal.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Portugal.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Λυσιτανία|Λυσιτανία]] Λυσιτανικὴ Πολιτεία | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Λυσιτανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Λυσιτανιστί]]: ''Portugal – República Portuguesa'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ὀλισσιπών|Ὀλισσιπών]] [[Wp/grc/Λυσιτανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Λυσιτανιστί]]: ''Lisboa'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |92.568 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |10.295.909 |- |[[File:Flag of Monaco.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Location Monaco Europe.png|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Μαυροβούνιον|Μαυροβούνιον]] |Μαυροβουνιακῶς: ''Црна Гора'', ''Crna Gora'' |[[Wp/grc/Διοκλεία|Διοκλεία]] Μαυροβουνιακῶς: ''Подгорица, Podgorica'' |13.812 |621.873 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Malta.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Malta.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Μελίτη|Μελίτη]] Πολιτεία τῆς Μελίτης | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Μελιτιστί: ''Malta – Repubblika ta' Malta'' [[Wp/grc/Ἀγγλικὴ Γλῶττα|Ἀγγλιστί]]: ''Malta – Republic of Malta'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Οὐαλλέττα|Οὐαλλέττα]] Μελιτιστί: ''il-Belt Valletta'' [[Wp/grc/Ἀγγλικὴ Γλῶττα|Ἀγγλιστί]]: ''Valletta'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |316 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |514.564 |- |[[File:Flag of Moldova.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Moldova.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Μολδαυία|Μολδαυία]] Πολιτεία τῆς Μολδαυίας |Δακορωμανιστί: ''Moldova – Republica Moldova'' |[[Wp/grc/Χισίνευον|Χισίνευον]] Δακορωμανιστί: ''Chișinău'' |33.843 |2.640.400 |- |[[File:Flag of Monaco.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Location Monaco Europe.png|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Μόνοικος|Μόνοικος]] Πριγκιπᾶτον τοῦ Μονοίκου |[[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Monaco – Principauté de Monaco'' | [[Wp/grc/Μόνοικος|Μόνοικος]] [[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλιστί]]: ''Monaco'' |1,95 |38.100 |- |[[File:Flag of Norway.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Norway.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Νορουηγία|Νορουηγία]] Βασιλεία Νορουηγίας |Βιβλονορουηγιστί: ''Norge – Kongeriket Norge''<br /> Καινονορουηγιστί: ''Noreg – Kongeriket Noreg'' Λαπωνιστί: ''Norga – Norgga gonagasriika'' |[[Wp/grc/Ὄσλον|Ὄσλον]] Νορουηγιστί: ''Oslo'' |385.178 |5.374.807 |- |[[File:Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg|frameless|100x100px|alt=]] |[[File:Location Vatican City Europe.png|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Οὐατικανόπολις|Οὐατικανόπολις]] |[[Wp/grc/Λατινικὴ γλῶττα|Λατινιστί]]: ''Sancta Sedes'' | - |0,44 |800 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Hungary.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Οὑγγαρία|Οὑγγαρία]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Οὑγγρικὴ Γλῶσσα|Οὑγγριστί]]: ''Magyarország'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Βουδαπέστη|Βουδαπέστη]] [[Wp/grc/Οὑγγρικὴ Γλῶσσα|Οὑγγριστί]]: ''Budapest'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |93.030 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |9.769.526 |- |[[File:Flag of Ukraine.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Ukraine (disputed territory).svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Οὐκρανία|Οὐκρανία]] |Οὐκρανιστί: ''Украïна'' <small>''(Ukraina)''</small> |[[Wp/grc/Κιόβα|Κιόβα]] Οὐκρανιστί: ''Київ'' <small>''(Kyiv)''</small> |603.700 |41.762.138 |- |[[File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Republic of North Macedonia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Παιονία (κράτος)|Παιονία]] Πολιτεία Παιονίας |Σλαυοπαιονιστί: ''Северна Македонија – Република Северна Македонија'' <small>''(Severna Makedonija – Republika Severna Makedonija)''</small> |[[Wp/grc/Σκοῦποι|Σκοῦποι]] Σλαυοπαιονιστί: ''Скопје'' ''<small>(Skopje)</small>'' |25.713 |2.076.255 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Poland.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Poland.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Πολωνία|Πολωνία]] Πολιτεία Πολωνίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Πολωνιστί: ''Polska – Rzeczpospolita Polska'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Οὐαρσουία|Οὐαρσουία]] Πολωνιστί: ''Warszawa'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |312.685 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |38.382.600 |- |[[File:Flag of Russia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Russia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσία|Ῥωσσία]] Ῥωσσικὴ Ὁμοσπονδία |[[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Росси́я – Российская Федерация'' ''<small>(Rossija – Rossijskaja Federacija)</small>'' |[[Wp/grc/Μόσχα|Μόσχα]] [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Москва'' <small>''(Moskva)''</small> |17.075.400 |146.748.590 |- |[[File:Flag of Serbia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Serbia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Σερβία|Σερβία]] Πολιτεία Σερβίας |Σερβιστί: ''Србија – Република Србија,'' ''Srbija – Republika Srbija'' |[[Wp/grc/Σιγγίδουνον|Σιγγίδουνον]] Σερβιστί: ''Београд'', ''Beograd'' |88.361 |6.926.705 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Slovakia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Slovakia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Σλοβακία|Σλοβακία]] Σλοβακικὴ Πολιτεία | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Σλοβακιστί: ''Slovensko – Slovenská republika'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἰστρόπολις|Ἰστρόπολις]] Σλοβακιστί: ''Bratislava'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |49.035 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |5.460.136 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Slovenia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Slovenia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Σλοβηνία|Σλοβηνία]] Πολιτεία Σλοβηνίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|Σλοβηνιστί: ''Slovenija – Republika Slovenija'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἤμωνα|Ἤμωνα]] Σλοβηνιστί: ''Ljubljana'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |20.273 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |2.097.195 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Sweden.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Σουηκία|Σουηκία]] Βασιλεία Σουηκίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Σουηκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Σουηκιστί]]: ''Sverige – Konungariket Sverige'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ὁλμία|Ὁλμία]] [[Wp/grc/Σουηκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Σουηκιστί]]: ''Stockholm'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |449.964 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |10.352.390 |- |[[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Turkey.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Τουρκία|Τουρκία]] Πολιτεία Τουρκίας |[[Wp/grc/Τουρκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Τουρκιστί]]: ''Türkiye – Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'' |[[Wp/grc/Ἄγκυρα|Ἄγκυρα]] [[Wp/grc/Τουρκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Τουρκιστί]]: ''Ankara'' |783.562 |83.154.997 |- | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:Flag of Finland.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[File:EU-Finland.png|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Φιννία|Φιννία]] Πολιτεία Φιννίας | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Φιννικὴ Γλῶσσα|Φιννιστί]]: ''Suomi – Suomen tasavalta'' [[Wp/grc/Σουηκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Σουηκιστί]]: ''Finland – Republiken Finland'' | bgcolor=E0FFFF|[[Wp/grc/Ἑλσίγκιον|Ἑλσίγκιον]] [[Wp/grc/Φιννικὴ Γλῶσσα|Φιννιστί]]: ''Helsinki'' [[Wp/grc/Σουηκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Σουηκιστί]]: ''Helsingfors'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |336.593 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |5.530.706 |- | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:Flag of Croatia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[File:EU-Croatia.svg|frameless|125x125px]] | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Χροατία|Χροατία]] Πολιτεία Χροατίας | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |Χροατιστί: ''Hrvatska – Republika Hrvatska'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |[[Wp/grc/Ζαγραβία|Ζαγραβία]] Χροατιστί: ''Zagreb'' | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |56.542 | bgcolor="E0FFFF" |4.058.165 |} === Χῶραι μετὰ ἐλαχείας ἢ οὐδεμιᾶς ἀναγνωρίσεως === {| class="references-small sortable wikitable" ! class="unsortable" style="line-height:95%; width:2em" |Σημεῖον ! class="unsortable" style="line-height:95%; width:2em" |Πίναξ !Κοινὸν καὶ δημόσιον ὄνομα ἑλληνιστί: !Κοινὸν καὶ δημόσιον ὄνομα τῇ αὐτῶν γλῶσσᾳ !Μητρόπολις !Κατάστασις !Ἐμβαδόν (χ²) !Πλῆθος |- |[[File:Flag of the Republic of Abkhazia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Abkhazia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ἀβχαζία|Ἀβχαζία]] Πολιτεία Ἀβχαζίας |Ἀβχαζιστί: ''Аҧсны - Аԥсны Аҳәынҭқарра'' <small>(Apsny -'' Apsny Ahwyntkarra'')</small> [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Абха́зия - Республика Абхазия'' <small>(Abhazia -'' Respublika Abkhaziya'')</small> |[[Wp/grc/Διοσκουριάς|Διοσκουριάς]] Ἀβχαζιστί: ''Аҟәа <small>(Aqwa)</small>'' [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Сухум(и) <small>(Sukhum(i))</small>'' |Διεκδικουμένη ὑπὸ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Γεωργία|Γεωργίας]] Ἀναγνωριζομένη ὑπὸ πέντε μελῶν τῶν Η.Ε.<ref name=":3">(ἀγγλιστί) "[http://www.rferl.org/content/tuvalu-georgia-retracts-abkhazia-ossetia-recognition/25315720.html Tuvalu Retracts Recognition of Abkhazia, South Ossetia]". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 31 Μαρτίου 2014.</ref> |8.860 |240.750 |- |[[File:Flag of Kosovo.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Republic of Kosovo.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Κοσσυφοπέδιον|Κοσσυφοπέδιον]] Πολιτεία Κοσσυφοπεδίου |Ἀλβανιστί: ''Kosova / Kosovë – Republika e Kosovës'' Σερβιστί: ''Косово – Република Косово / Kosovo – Republika Kosovo'' |[[Wp/grc/Πριστινή|Πριστινή]] Ἀλβανιστί: ''Prishtina / Prishtinë'' Σερβιστί: ''Приштина / Priština'' |Διεκδικούμενον ὑπὸ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Σερβία|Σερβίας]] Ἀναγνωριζόμενον ὑπὸ ἐνενήκοντα καὶ ὀχτὼ μελῶν τῶν Η.Ε.<ref>«[https://web.archive.org/web/20200513073923/http://rs.n1info.com/English/NEWS/a546106/Dacic-says-95-countries-do-not-recognise-Kosovo-as-state-after-Nauru-s-withdrawal.html Nauru withdraws recognition of Kosovo's independence, Pristina denies]». ''N1 Srbija'' (σερβιστί). Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 29/9/2020</ref> |10.887 |1.860.463 |- |[[File:Flag of South Ossetia.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-South Ossetia.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Νότιος Ὀσσετία|Νότιος Ὀσσετία]] Πολιτεία Νοτίου Ὀσσετίας / Πολίτευμα Ἀλανίας |Ὀσσετιστί: ''Хуссар Ирыстон – Республикӕ Хуссар Ирыстон / Паддзахад Аллонстон <small>(Xussar Irêšton – Respublike Xussar Irêšton / Paddzaxad Allonšton)</small>'' [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Южная Осетия – Республика Южная Осетия / Государство Алания'' <small>(Yuzhnaya Osetiya – Respublika Yuzhnaya Osetiya'' / Gosudarstvo Alaniya'')</small> |[[Wp/grc/Σινυβάλιον|Σινυβάλιον]] Ὀσσετιστί: ''Цхинвал, Чъреба,'' <small>''(Tskhinval, Chreba)''</small> [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Цхинвал(и) (<small>Tskhinval(i))</small>'' |Διεκδικουμένη ὑπὸ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Γεωργία|Γεωργίας]] Ἀναγνωριζομένη ὑπὸ πέντε μελῶν τῶν Η.Ε.<ref name=":3" /> |3.900 |53.532 |- |[[File:Flag of Artsakh.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe Location Republic of Artsakh.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ὀρχιστηνή|Ὀρχιστηνή]] Πολιτεία Ὀρχιστηνῆς |Ἀρμενιστί: ''Արցախի Հանրապետություն'' <small>(Arts'akhi Hanrapetut'yun)</small> |[[Wp/grc/Στεφανόπολις|Στεφανόπολις]] Ἀρμενιστί: ''Ստեփանակերտ'' <small>(''Step'anakert'')</small> |Διεκδικουμένη ὑπὸ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Ἀτροπατηνή|Ἀτροπατηνῆς]] |11.458 |150.932 |- |[[File:Flag of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Europe-Northern Cyprus.svg|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Τουρκικὴ Πολιτεία τῆς Βορείου Κύπρου|Βόρειος Κύπρος]] Τουρκικὴ Πολιτεία Βορείου Κύπρου |[[Wp/grc/Τουρκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Τουρκιστί]]: ''Kuzey Kıbrıs – Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti'' |[[Wp/grc/Βόρειος Λήδρα|Βόρειος Λήδρα]] [[Wp/grc/Τουρκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Τουρκιστί]]: ''Lefkoşa'' |Διεκδικουμένη ὑπὸ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Κύπρος|Κύπρου]] Ἀναγνωριζομένη ὑπὸ τῆς Τουρκίας μόνον.<ref>"[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/148573/Cyprus Cyprus]". ''Encyclopædia Britannica''</ref> |3.335 |286.257 |- |[[File:Flag of Transnistria (state).svg|alt=|frameless|100x100px]] |[[File:Location Transnistria Europe.png|alt=|frameless|125x125px]] |[[Wp/grc/Ὑπερτυρία|Ὑπερτυρία]] Ὑπερτυριακὴ Μολδαυΐκη Πολιτεία |Δακορωμανιστί: ''Nistreană – Republica Moldovenească Nistreană'' [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Приднестровье – Приднестровская Молдавская Республика <small>(Pridnestrov'ye – Pridnestrovskaya Moldavskaya Respublika</small>''<small>)</small> Οὐκρανιστί: ''Придністров'я – Придністровська Молдавська Республіка <small>(Prydnistrov'ya – Pridnistrovs'ka Moldavs'ka Respublika</small>''<small>)</small> |[[Wp/grc/Τυρούπολις|Τυρούπολις]] Ῥουμανιστί: ''Tiraspol'' [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ γλῶττα|Ῥωσσιστί]]: ''Тирасполь'' <small>(Tiraspol)</small> Οὐκρανιστί: ''Тирасполь'' <small>(Tiraspol)</small> |Διεκδικουμένη ὑπὸ τῆς [[Wp/grc/Μολδαυία|Μολδαυίας]] |4.163 |469.000 |} == Γεωγραφία == [[File:Νήσοι τῆς Εὐρώπης.png|thumb|400x400px|Πίναξ τινῶν τῶν Νήσων τῆς Εὐρώπης|alt=]] === Νῆσοι === * (1) [[Wp/grc/Ἰσλανδία|Ἰσλανδία]] * (2) [[Wp/grc/Φαιρόαι Νῆσοι|Φαιρόαι Νῆσοι]] * (3) [[Wp/grc/Σουαλβάρδη|Σουαλβάρδη]] * (4) [[Wp/grc/Ἱννοία|Ἱννοία]] * (5) [[Wp/grc/Σηνία|Σηνία]] * (6) [[Wp/grc/Δαγείδα|Δαγείδα]] * (7) [[Wp/grc/Ὀσιλία|Ὀσιλία]] * (8) [[Wp/grc/Γοττία|Γοττία]] * (9) [[Wp/grc/Σηλία|Σηλία]] * (10) [[Wp/grc/Φιονία|Φιονία]] * (11) [[Wp/grc/Κύπρος|Κύπρος]] * (12) [[Wp/grc/Ῥόδος|Ῥόδος]] * (13) [[Wp/grc/Κρήτη|Κρήτη]] * (14) [[Wp/grc/Ἰόνιοι Νῆσοι|Ἰόνιοι Νῆσοι]] * (15) [[Wp/grc/Σικελία|Σικελία]] * (16) [[Wp/grc/Μελίτη|Μελίτη]] * (17) [[Wp/grc/Σαρδώ|Σαρδώ]] * (18) [[Wp/grc/Κύρνος|Κύρνος]] * (19) [[Wp/grc/Βαλλιαρεῖς νῆσοι|Βαλλιαρεῖς νῆσοι]] * (20) [[Wp/grc/Ἀλβιών|Ἀλβιών]] * (21) [[Wp/grc/Ἰέρνη (Νῆσος)|Ἰέρνη]] [[File:Ποταμοὶ τῆς Εὐρώπης.png|thumb|400x400px|Πίναξ τῶν τριάκοντα καὶ ἑνὸς μεγίστων ποταμῶν τῆς Εὐρώπης]] === Ποταμοί === [[File:Саратовский мост.jpeg|thumb|225x225px|Γέφυρα ὑπὲρ τὸν [[Wp/grc/Ῥᾶ|Ῥᾶ]], τὸν μέγιστον ποταμὸν τῆς Εὐρώπης]] [[File:Buda Castle Hill and the Chain Bridge, 2013 Budapest city 09.jpg|thumb|225x225px|Γέφυρα ὑπὲρ τὸν [[Wp/grc/Ἴστρος|Ἴστρον]], τὸν δεύτερον μέγιστον ποταμὸν τῆς Εὐρώπης, ἐν τῇ [[Wp/grc/Βουδαπέστη|Βουδαπέστῃ]]]]Ποταμοὶ τῆς Εὐρώπης ἀνὰ μῆκος * (1) [[Wp/grc/Ῥᾶ|Ῥᾶ]] (μέρος αὐτοῦ ἐκτὸς πίνακος) * (2)&nbsp; [[Wp/grc/Ἴστρος|Ἴστρος]] * (3) [[Wp/grc/Ῥύμνος|Ῥύμνος]] (ἐκτὸς πίνακος) * (4) [[Wp/grc/Βορυσθένης|Βορυσθένης]] * (5) [[Wp/grc/Τάναϊς|Τάναϊς]] (μέρος αὐτοῦ ἐκτὸς πίνακος) * (6) [[Wp/grc/Πεχόρας|Πεχόρας]] (μέρος αὐτοῦ ἐκτὸς πίνακος) * (7) [[Wp/grc/Κάμας|Κάμας]] (μέρος αὐτοῦ ἐκτὸς πίνακος) * (8) [[Wp/grc/Ὄκας|Ὄκας]] * (9) [[Wp/grc/Τύρας|Τύρας]] * (10) [[Wp/grc/Ῥῆνος|Ῥῆνος]] * (11) [[Wp/grc/Ἄλβις|Ἄλβις]] * (12) [[Wp/grc/Οὐιστούλας|Οὐιστούλας]] * (13) [[Wp/grc/Τάγος|Τάγος]] * (14) [[Wp/grc/Δυτικὸς Δύνας|Δυτικὸς Δύνας]] * (15) [[Wp/grc/Λίγηρας|Λίγηρας]] * (16)&nbsp; [[Wp/grc/Ἴβηρ|Ἴβηρ]] * (17) [[Wp/grc/Πυρετός (Ποταμός)|Πυρετός]] * (18) [[Wp/grc/Χρόνος (Ποταμός)|Χρόνος]] * (19) [[Wp/grc/Μόσας|Μόσας]] * (20) [[Wp/grc/Δοῦρος|Δοῦρος]] * (21)&nbsp; Ὕπανις ([[d:Q82308]]) (μέρος αὐτοῦ ἐκτὸς πίνακος) * (22) [[Wp/grc/Μεσένης|Μεσένης]] * (23) [[Wp/grc/Συήβος|Συήβος]] * (24) [[Wp/grc/Ἄνας|Ἄνας]] * (25) [[Wp/grc/Ῥοδανός|Ῥοδανός]] * (26) [[Wp/grc/Κυμᾶς|Κυμᾶς]] (μὴ δεικνὺς τῷ πινάκι) * (27) [[Wp/grc/Σηκουάνας|Σηκουάνας]] * (28) [[Wp/grc/Μάρισος|Μάρισος]] (μὴ δεικνὺς τῷ πινάκι) * (29) [[Wp/grc/Βόρειος Δύνας|Βόρειος Δύνας]] * (30) [[Wp/grc/Πάδος|Πάδος]] * (31) [[Wp/grc/Ταρτήσσιος|Ταρτήσσιος]] === Ὄρη === * [[Wp/grc/Αἷμος (Ὄρος)|Αἷμος]] * [[Wp/grc/Ἄλπεις|Ἄλπεις]] * [[Wp/grc/Ἀπέννινα Ὄρη|Ἀπέννινα]] * [[Wp/grc/Βαιτικά Ὄρη|Βαιτικά]] * [[Wp/grc/Δειναρικὲς Ἄλπεις|Δειναρικὲς Ἄλπεις]] * [[Wp/grc/Κανταβρικά Ὄρη|Κανταβρικά]] * [[Wp/grc/Καύκασος|Καύκασος]] * [[Wp/grc/Πίνδος|Πίνδος]] * [[Wp/grc/Πυρηναία Ὄρη|Πυρηναία]] * [[Wp/grc/Ῥοδόπη|Ῥοδόπη]] * [[Wp/grc/Σαρμάτια Ὄρη|Σαρμάτια]] * [[Wp/grc/Σκανδιναυικὲς Ἄλπεις|Σκανδιναυικὲς Ἄλπεις]] [[File:Χερσόνησοι τῆς Εὐρώπης.png|thumb|400x400px|Πίναξ τῶν μειζόνων χερσονήσων τῆς Εὐρώπης]] === Χερσόνησοι === Ἡ Εὐρώπη ἐνίοτε καλεῖται ὡς «Χερσόνησος Χερσονήσων» ἕνεκα τῆς ἑῆς μορφῆς γὰρ οὖν ἐστὶ μόνον προσήκη ἐν τῇ ἑσπέρᾳ τῆς Ἀσίας ἐν ᾗ δὴ ἐξάπτουσι ἄλλαι χερσονῆσοι.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150509005750/http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/encyclopedia/europe-physical-geography/?ar_a=1 Εὐρώπη: Γεωγραφία]" National Geographic - Παιδεία</ref> Ἐν τῷ Αἰῶνι τῶν Παγετώνων, πρὸ τῆς τήξεως τῶν πάγων, ἔτι καὶ ἡ Ἀλβιὼν ἐνομίζετο χερσόνησος γενέσθαι. ==== Κατάλογος τῶν μειζόνων χερσονήσων τῆς Εὐρώπης: ==== * (1) [[Wp/grc/Κιμβρία|Κιμβρία]] * (2) [[Wp/grc/Σκανδιναυΐα|Σκανδιναυϊκή]] * (3) [[Wp/grc/Βιαρμία|Βιαρμία]] * (4) [[Wp/grc/Ταυρική|Ταυρική]] * (5) [[Wp/grc/Αἷμος|Αἷμος]] * (6) [[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Χερσόνησος|Ἰταλική]] * (7) [[Wp/grc/Ἰβηρικὴ Χερσόνησος|Ἰβηρική]] * (8) [[Wp/grc/Ἀρμορική|Ἀρμορική]] == Δημογραφία == === Γλῶσσαι === [[File:Languages of Europe.svg|thumb|314x314px|Πίναξ τῶν γλωσσῶν τῆς Εὐρώπης.|left]] Ἡ Εὐρώπη ἔχει περὶ τῶν 255 αὐτοχθόνων γλωσσῶν.<ref>"[https://edl.ecml.at/LanguageFun/LanguageFacts/tabid/1859/Default.aspx Γλωσσικὰ πράγματα – Εὐρωπαϊκὴ ἡμέρα γλωσσῶν]", ''Σύνοδος τῆς Εὐρώπης''. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 20/10/2020</ref> Αἱ πλεῖσται αὐτῶν εἰσὶ [[Wp/grc/Ἱνδοευρωπαϊκαὶ γλῶσσαι|Ἱνδοευρωπαϊκαὶ γλῶσσαι]], κεχωρισμέναι εἰς τρεῖς οἰκίας τὰ μάλιστα: τὰς Ῥωμανικὰς (ἡ [[Wp/grc/Γαλλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Γαλλική]], [[Wp/grc/Ἰταλικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰταλική]], [[Wp/grc/Ἱσπανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἱσπανικὴ]] καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς), τὰς Γερμανικὰς (ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἀγγλικὴ γλῶττα|Ἀγγλική]], [[Wp/grc/Γερμανικὴ γλῶσσα|Γερμανική]], [[Wp/grc/Σουηκικὴ Γλῶσσα|Σουηκικὴ]] καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς) τε καὶ τὰς Σλαυικὰς (ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ῥωσσικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ῥωσσική]], ἡ [[Wp/grc/Πολωνικὴ Γλῶσσα|Πολωνική]], ἡ [[Wp/grc/Σερβικὴ Γλῶσσα|Σερβικὴ]] καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς).<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20071204015044/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9106055 Europe]" ''Encyclopædia Britannica''</ref> Ἔτι καὶ ἄλλαι γλῶσσαι αἱ Βαλτικαί (ἡ [[Wp/grc/Λιθουανικὴ Γλῶσσα|Λιθουανικὴ]] καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Λεττονικὴ Γλῶσσα|Λεττονική]]), αἱ Κελτικαί (αὐτίκα ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἰερνικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἰερνική]]), ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἑλληνικὴ γλῶττα|Ἑλληνική]], ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἀρμενικὴ Γλῶσσα|Ἀρμενική]] καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Ἀλβανικὴ Γλῶττα|Ἀλβανική]]. Ἄλλαι μὴ ἱνδοευρωπαϊκαὶ οἰκίαι γλωσσῶν εἰσὶ αἱ Ῥιπαϊκαί, αἱ Τουρκικαὶ καὶ αἱ Χαρτβελικαί. === Θρησκεία === [[File:Saint Peter's Basilica facade, Rome, Italy.jpg|thumb|Βασιλικὴ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πέτρου: ὁ μέγιστος τῆς οἰκουμένης χριστιανικὸς ναός.|234x234px]] Ἐκ τῶν πιστευόντων τινὶ θρησκείᾳ οἱ πλεῖστοι τῶν Εὐρωπαίων (76,2%)<ref name=":4">"[https://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/global-christianity-regions/#europe Regional Distribution of Christians: Christianity in Europe]". ''Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project''. 18 Δεκεμβρίου 2011. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 18/10/2020</ref> πιστεύουσι τῷ [[Wp/grc/Χριστιανισμός|Χριστιανισμῷ]] μερίζοντες εἰς τρεῖς κεφαλαίας στάσεις· τὴν [[Wp/grc/Ἀνατολικὴ Ὀρθοδοξία|ὀρθόδοξον]] (35% τοῦ τῆς Εὐρώπης χριστιανικοῦ πλήθους), τὴν [[Wp/grc/Καθολικὴ Ἐκκλησία|καθολικὴν]] (46%) καὶ τὴν [[Wp/grc/Διαμαρτύρησις|διαμαρτυρομένην]] ἐκκλησίαν (18%).<ref name=":4" /> Οἱ διαμαρτυρόμενοι δὴ οὐκ εἰσὶ αὐτὴ συνισταμένη ἐκλησία ἀλλὰ διαιροῦνται εἰς πολλὰ δόγματα (αὐτίκα οἱ [[Wp/grc/Λουθηρανισμός|Λουθηρανοὶ]], οἱ [[Wp/grc/Μεθοδισμός|Μεθοδισταὶ]], οἱ [[Wp/grc/Καλβινισμός|Καλβινισταὶ]], οἱ [[Wp/grc/Ἀγγλικανισμός|Ἀγγλικανοὶ]]). Ὁ Χριστιανισμὸς, σὺν τῇ Καθολικῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ, παντελῶς γὲ μεμόρφωκε τὴν πορείαν τῆς Εὐρωπαϊκῆς Ἱστορίας καὶ δὴ τοῦ Δυτικοῦ Πολιτισμοῦ ἐκ τοῦ 4ου αἰῶνος.<ref>J. Spielvogel, Jackson (2016). ''Western Civilization: A Brief History, Τόμος I: To 1715'' . σελ. 156. ISBN 978-1305633476</ref><ref>Neill, Thomas Patrick (1957). ''Readings in the History of Western Civilization, Τόμος 2'' (Newman Press ed.). σελ. 224.</ref><ref>"[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Roman-Catholicism Roman Catholicism]". ''britannica.com'' Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 18/10/2020</ref><ref>Caltron J.H Hayas, ''Christianity and Western Civilization'' (1953), Stanford University Press, σελ. 2</ref><ref>Jose Orlandis, 1993, "A Short History of the Catholic Church," Δευτ. edn. (Michael Adams, Trans.), Dublin:Four Courts Press, ISBN 1851821252</ref><ref>Thomas E. Woods and Antonio Canizares, 2012, "How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization," Reprint edn., Washington, DC: Regnery History, ISBN 1596983280</ref> Δευτέρα μείζων θρησκεία τῇ Εὐρώπῃ ἐστὶ ὁ [[Wp/grc/Ἰσλαμισμός|Ἰσλαμισμός]] (6%),<ref>"[https://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-muslim/ The Global Religious Landscape: Muslims]". ''pewforum''. 18 Δεκεμβρίου 2012. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 19/10/2020</ref> ἀθροίζων μάλιστα τῷ [[Wp/grc/Αἷμος|Αἵμῷ]] καὶ τῇ Ἀνατολικῇ Εὐρώπη. Ἄλλαι ἐλάσσονες θρησκεῖαι εἰσὶ ὁ [[Wp/grc/Ἰουδαϊσμός|Ἰουδαϊσμός]] (0,2%)<ref name=":5">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170125173538/https://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf The Global Religious Landscape]" (PDF). Pewforum.org. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 19/10/2020</ref>, ὁ [[Wp/grc/Ἱνδουϊσμός|Ἱνδουϊσμός]] (0,2%)<ref name=":5" /> καὶ ὁ [[Wp/grc/Βουδισμός|Βουδισμός]] (0,2%)<ref name=":5" />. Προσέτι, ἡ Εὐρώπη ἐστὶ ἤπειρος ἣ ἔχει πολλοὺς ἄθεους (18,2%).<ref>"[https://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-unaffiliated/ Religiously Unaffiliated]". ''Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project''. 18 Δεκεμβρίου 2012. Ἀναλαβὸν τῇ 19/10/2020</ref> == Συγγενεῖς δέλτοι == * [[Wp/grc/Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Ἕνωσις|Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Ἕνωσις]] * [[Wp/grc/Εὐρωπαϊκὴ ἱστορία|Εὐρωπαϊκὴ Ἱστορία]] == Πηγαί == <references /> == Σύνδεσμοι Ἐξώτεροι == {{Wp/grc/Κοινά|Europe|Εὐρώπη}}{{Wp/grc/Ἤπειροι τῆς Γῆς}}{{Wp/grc/Χῶραι τῆς Εὐρώπης}}{{Wp/grc/Χῶραι μέλη τῆς Εὐρωπαϊκῆς Ἑνώσεως}}{{Wp/grc/Ἔκτασις-Γεωγραφία}} [[Category:Wp/grc]][[Category:Wp/grc/Εὐρώπη|!]] {{INTERWIKI|Q46}} f5hx8vkmv2ndmd64o2wpaij48hdym70 10 42074 6685738 6636687 2025-06-14T00:55:39Z Liuxinyu970226 19450 zgh active 6685738 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- * Add a new test like this: {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ISO 639-3 (or -1)|english=[English name]|local=[local name]}} ** local name is mostly optional here, unless if 1. your language isn't included in Names.php yet, or 2. 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{{tests/row|project=wt|code=dar|english=Dargwa|local=дарган мез}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ddo|english=Tsez|local=цезйас мец}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=den|english=Slavey|local=Dene K'e}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=dng|english=Dungan|local=Хуэйзў йүян}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=dtp|english=Dusun}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=dty|english=Doteli}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=dz|english=Dzongkha}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ee|english=Ewe}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=egl|english=Emilian|local=Emilian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=fit|english=Meänkieli}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=frp|english=Arpitan}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=fur|english=Friulian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=fvr|english=Fur}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=gag|english=Gagauz}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=gan|english=Gan}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=gcf|english=Guadeloupean Creole|local=kreyòl}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=gdo|english=Godoberi|local=ГъибдилIи мицци}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=gil|english=Gilbertese|local=Kiribati}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=gld|english=Nanai|local=Нанай}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=glk|english=Gilaki|local=<div style="text-align:right;direction:rtl;>گیلکی</div>}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=got|english=Gothic}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=grc|english=Ancient Greek|local=Ἀρχαία ἑλληνικὴ}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=guc|english=Wayuu}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=hak|english=Hakka}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=haw|english=Hawaiian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ht|english=Haitian Creole}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=iba|english=Iban|local=Jaku Iban}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=igl|english=Igala}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ik|english=Inupiaq}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ilo|english=Iloko}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=jac|english=Jakaltek|local=Abʼxubʼal}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=jam|english=Jamaican Patois}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=jax|english=Jambi Malay|local=Baso Jambi}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=jje|english=Jeju|local=제주말}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=jkr|english=Koro}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=jut|english=Jutlandic|local=Jyske}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=kab|english=Kabyle}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ket|english=Ket|local=Остыганна ӄаʼ}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=kg|english=Kongo}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=kge|english=Komering}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=khw|english=Khowar|local=<div style="text-align:right;direction:rtl;>کهووار</div>}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ki|english=Kikuyu}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=kiu|english=Kirmanjki|local=Kırmancki (Zazakiyê Zımey)}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=kjp|english=Eastern Pwo}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=knc|english=Central Kanuri|local=Kànùrí}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=kne|english=Kankanaey|local=Kankana-ey}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=kri|english=Krio}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ksh|english=Colognian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lad|english=Judaeo-Spanish (Ladino)}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lag|english=Rangi|local=Kɨlaangi}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lbe|english=Lak}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lez|english=Lezgi}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lfn|english=Lingua Franca Nova}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lg|english=Luganda}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lij|english=Ligurian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ljp|english=Lampung Api|local=cawa Lampung}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lki|english=Laki|local=<div style="text-align:right;direction:rtl;>لەکی‎</div>}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=loz|english=Lozi|local=Silozi}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lrc|english=Northern Luri|local=<div style="direction:rtl; text-align:right">لۊری شومالی</div>}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ltg|english=Latgalian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lvk|english=Lavukaleve|local=Lavukaleve}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=lzz|english=Laz|local=Lazuri}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mag|english=Magahi}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mdf|english=Moksha}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=meu|english=Motu|local=Motu}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mfa|english=Pattani Malay|local=Bahasa Melayu Pattani}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mh|english=Marshallese}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mhr|english=Eastern Mari}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mnc|english=Manchu|local={{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ<br>ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ}}}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mns|english=Mansi}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mus|english=Muscogee}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mwl|english=Mirandese}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=myv|english=Erzya}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=mzn|english=Mazandarani|local=<div style="text-align:right;direction:rtl;>مازرونی</div>|metarequest=Wiktionary Mazandarani}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=nap|english=Neapolitan}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=neg|english=Negidal|local=Неғида хэсэнин}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=new|english=Nepal Bhasa}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ng|english=Ndonga}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ngh|english=Nǁng|local=ǂKhomani}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=nrf|english=Norman|local=Normaund<br /><small>Guernésiais, Jèrriais</small>}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=nso|english=Northern Sotho}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=oaa|english=Orok|local=ульта / Ulta}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=oac|english=Oroch|local=Орочи кэсэни}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=os|english=Ossetian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pag|english=Pangasinan}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pam|english=Pampanga}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pap|english=Papiamento}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pcd|english=Picard}}<!--Has had eligible activity in the past--> {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pcm|english=Nigerian Pidgin}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pjt|english=Pitjantjatjara|local=Pitjantjatjara}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pms|english=Piedmontese}}<!--Has had eligible activity in the past--> {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pox|english=Polabian|german=Polabisch|local=Wenske}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=prg|english=Prussian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=pwn|english=Paiwan}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=qug|english=Chimborazo Highland Quichua}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=qwh|english=Ancash Quechua|local=Nunashimi}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=rad|english=Rade|local=Klei Êđê}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=rap|english=Rapa Nui|local=Vānaŋa Rapa Nui}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=raw|english=Rawang|local=Rvwàng}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=rki|english=Arakanese}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=rkt|english=Rangpuri|local=রংপুরী}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=rmc|english=Carpathian Romani|local=Romaňi čhib}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=rml|english=Baltic Romani|local=Романы / Romani}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=rue|english=Rusyn}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ryu|english=Okinawan|local=うちなーぐち/沖縄口}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=sas|english=Sasak|local=Base Sasak}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=sat|english=Santali|status=created}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=sc|english=Sardinian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=se|english=Northern Sami}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=sjd|english=Kildin Sami}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=sn|english=Shona}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ssf|english=Thao|local=Thaw a lalawa}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=swu|english=Suwawa|local=Bonda}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=syl|english=Sylheti}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=szl|english=Silesian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=szy|english=Sakizaya}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=tay|english=Atayal}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=tcy|english=Tulu|status=created}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=tet|english=Tetum}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=tig|english=Tigre}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=trv|english=Seediq}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=tsg|english=Tausug|local=Bahasa Sūg}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=tum|english=Tumbuka}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ty|english=Tahitian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=tyz|english=Tày|local=Tiểng Tày}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ude|english=Udege|local=Удиэ}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ulc|english=Ulch|local=Нāн'и хэсэни}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=ve|english=Venda}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=vep|english=Veps}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=war|english=Waray-Waray}}<!--Over 10,000 mainspace pages, though mostly the work of User:JinJian--> {{tests/row|project=wt|code=wsg|english=Adilabad Gondi|local=గోండి}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=wuu|english=Wu Chinese}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=wym|english=Wymysorys|local=Wymysiöeryś}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=xal|english=Kalmyk}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=xh|english=Xhosa}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=xmf|english=Mingrelian}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=yo|english=Yoruba}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=yrl|english=Nheengatu|local=ñe'engatú}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=za|english=Zhuang}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=zea|english=Zeelandic}} {{tests/row|project=wt|code=zgh|english=Tamazight|status=active}} <!--------------- BOTTOM ---------------> <noinclude>|}</noinclude> n65ds8skgszfs6u41q06ify7t6pnwfc 0 66065 6685848 6579681 2025-06-14T03:39:29Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/مصري}} === الاصل === الاصل هو قبايل الالمانوس اللي كانت عايشة زمان في المانيا جمب قبايل الجرمان. === النطق === *[[wp/arz/الحروف العالمية الصوتية (API) (IPA)|IPA]]: /ælˈmæ:ni/ === صفه === #الماني من [[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] او بينتمي للشعب الالماني او اللغة الالماني ====لغات تانية==== {{Wt/arz/trans-top}} *انجليزي: German *عربي: ألماني *اسبيرانتو: germana * فرنساوي: allemand, allemande * الماني: deutsch, deutsche * طالياني: tedesco , tedesca {{Wt/arz/trans-mid}} *كوردي: elmanî * توركي: alman {{Wt/arz/trans-bottom}} ===اسم=== الماني اسم مزكر مؤنثه المانيه و الجمع [[Wt/arz/المان|المان]] # واحد الماني او جاي من اصول المانية. # لغة هندو-اوروبية بيتكلموها بشكل رئيسي في المانيا و النمسا و ليختينشتاين و حتت في سويسرا. ====لغات تانية==== {{Wt/arz/trans-top|شخص}} *انجليزي: German *عربي :ألماني * صيني: 德國人, 德国人 (déguórén) * تشيكي: Němec * اسبيرانتو: Germano * فرنساوي: Allemand * الماني: Deutscher * عبري: גרמני (germani) * طالياني: tedesco {{Wt/arz/trans-mid}} * كوردي: elman * مالطي: Ġermaniż * فارسي: آلمانی * روماني: german, [[Wt/arz/neamţ|neamţ]] * روسي: немец * اسباني: alemán * توركي: alman {{Wt/arz/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/arz/trans-top|لغه}} * افريكاني: Duits *انجليزي:German * عربي: ألمانية * اسبيرانتو: Germana * فرنساوي: allemand * الماني: Deutsch, Hochdeutsch * يوناني: γερμανικά (germaniká) * عبري: גרמנית (germanit) * طالياني: tedesco {{Wt/arz/trans-mid}} * فارسي: آلمانی * روماني: germană , nemţeşte *توركي: almanca {{Wt/arz/trans-bottom}} ===شوف كمان=== {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} [[Wt/arz/آلمان|آلمان]], [[Wt/arz/جرمني|جرمني]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:Wt/arz/حرف ا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] nlegog5tcupg2pzool6wj6avf5fbwdd 0 80547 6685239 6418133 2025-06-13T13:22:44Z 103.169.53.131 6685239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/lus/ziakmichanchin |hming=Liandäla |laiahhming= |thlalâk= |sawifiahna=Liandala thlalâk |thlalâk lenzawng=200 |piankum=1900 |pianthla= |piannizat= |pianni= |pianhmun=[[Wp/lus/Thiltláng|Thiltláng]] |eizawnna=Zirtirtu, ziakmi |fâ= |nupui= |thihkum=1980 |thihthla=pawltlâk thla |thihnizat=19 |thihni= |sulhnudawhkan=aw |kutchhuak= Aia upate zah thiamin, Par Mawi Thang Vulna |chawimawina= |hriathlawhna=Hla phuahmi: Aia upate zah thiamin, Chhúra sangha vuak hlä, Zoram pangpár }} '''Liandala''' (1901-1980) hi kum 1901-ah Thiltlang khuaah a piang a. A pa chu Dophunga a ni. Kum 1922 aţangin zirtirtu hna a thawk a. Khuanghlum Primary School leh Serkawn Middle School-a a thawh hnu-in kum 1945 aţanga 1963 chhuûng Darzo Middle School Head Master a ni a, kum 1964 aţanga kum 1970 chhûng Lunglei Government High School Zirtirtu a ni leh a. Kum 1973 aţanga 1980 thleng Zohnuai Middle School Head Master hna a thawk leh. Kum 1980, [[Wp/lus/pawltlâk thla|pawltlâk thla]] ni 19-ah a boral a, Zohnuai thlanmualah phûm a ni. Liandala hian hla 34 leh hla lehlin 68 a nei a ni. == A hla phuahte == # Aia upate zah thiamin (1959) # Pipu chhuahtlang hlui # Kan tlangram parvulna # Aw lal Pathian i kutchhuak thil siam tinreng == References == #Class-IX Mizo (MBSE) Second Impression : 2002 [[Category:Wp/lus]] [[Category:Wp/lus/Hla Phuahtute]] [[Category:Wp/lus/Thuhlaril]] #Class-XII Mizo (MBSE) Revised edition : 2016 i74venc7o8p5jxzmvkqnto72s17ntgw 6685241 6685239 2025-06-13T13:26:32Z 103.169.53.131 6685241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/lus/ziakmichanchin |hming=Liandäla |laiahhming= |thlalâk= |sawifiahna=Liandala thlalâk |thlalâk lenzawng=200 |piankum=1900 |pianthla= |piannizat= |pianni= |pianhmun=[[Wp/lus/Thiltláng|Thiltláng]] |eizawnna=Zirtirtu, ziakmi |fâ= |nupui= |thihkum=1980 |thihthla=pawltlâk thla |thihnizat=19 |thihni= |sulhnudawhkan=aw |kutchhuak= Aia upate zah thiamin, Par Mawi Thang Vulna |chawimawina= |hriathlawhna=Hla phuahmi: Aia upate zah thiamin, Chhúra sangha vuak hlä, Zoram pangpár }} '''Liandala''' (1900-1980) hi kum 1900-ah Thiltlang khuaah a piang a. A pa chu Dophunga a ni. Kum 1922 aţangin zirtirtu hna a thawk a. Khuanghlum Primary School leh Serkawn Middle School-a a thawh hnu-in kum 1945 aţanga 1963 chhuûng Darzo Middle School Head Master a ni a, kum 1964 aţanga kum 1970 chhûng Lunglei Government High School Zirtirtu a ni leh a. Kum 1973 aţanga 1980 thleng Zohnuai Middle School Head Master hna a thawk leh. Kum 1980, [[Wp/lus/pawltlâk thla|pawltlâk thla]] ni 19-ah a boral a, Zohnuai thlanmualah phûm a ni. Liandala hian hla 34 leh hla lehlin 68 a nei a ni. == A hla phuahte == # Aia upate zah thiamin (1959) # Pipu chhuahtlang hlui # Kan tlangram parvulna # Aw lal Pathian i kutchhuak thil siam tinreng == References == #Class-IX Mizo (MBSE) Second Impression : 2002 [[Category:Wp/lus]] [[Category:Wp/lus/Hla Phuahtute]] [[Category:Wp/lus/Thuhlaril]] #Class-XII Mizo (MBSE) Revised edition : 2016 57ymbqqjht0mtl58roh076uf775s855 0 101763 6685553 6103164 2025-06-13T19:49:57Z Manandez 1531006 Caixa para criação de entradas. 6685553 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ {| cellspacing="5" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; border:1px solid #cccccc; background-color:#f9f9f9;width:100%" | align="center" width="60%" | <span style="font-size:135%;">Ben-vindo a '''Wikcionario Kabuverdianu'''</span><br /> <span style="font-size:90%;">Signifikado di <!--[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]--> palavras en Kriolo </span> <br /> | '''Djôbi''': [[Special:Allpages/A|A]] [[Special:Allpages/a|a]] [[Special:Allpages/B|B]] [[Special:Allpages/b|b]] [[Special:Allpages/C|C]] [[Special:Allpages/c|c]] [[Special:Allpages/D|D]] [[Special:Allpages/d|d]] [[Special:Allpages/E|E]] [[Special:Allpages/e|e]] [[Special:Allpages/F|F]] [[Special:Allpages/f|f]] [[Special:Allpages/G|G]] [[Special:Allpages/g|g]] [[Special:Allpages/H|H]] [[Special:Allpages/h|h]] [[Special:Allpages/I|I]] [[Special:Allpages/i|i]] [[Special:Allpages/J|J]] [[Special:Allpages/j|j]] [[Special:Allpages/K|K]] [[Special:Allpages/k|k]] [[Special:Allpages/L|L]] [[Special:Allpages/l|l]] [[Special:Allpages/M|M]] [[Special:Allpages/m|m]] <br /> [[Special:Allpages/N|N]] [[Special:Allpages/n|n]] [[Special:Allpages/O|O]] [[Special:Allpages/o|o]] [[Special:Allpages/P|P]] [[Special:Allpages/p|p]] [[Special:Allpages/Q|Q]] [[Special:Allpages/q|q]] [[Special:Allpages/R|R]] [[Special:Allpages/r|r]] [[Special:Allpages/S|S]] [[Special:Allpages/s|s]] [[Special:Allpages/T|T]] [[Special:Allpages/t|t]] [[Special:Allpages/U|U]] [[Special:Allpages/u|u]] [[Special:Allpages/V|V]] [[Special:Allpages/v|v]] [[Special:Allpages/W|W]] [[Special:Allpages/w|w]] [[Special:Allpages/X|X]] [[Special:Allpages/x|x]] [[Special:Allpages/Y|Y]] [[Special:Allpages/y|y]] [[Special:Allpages/Z|Z]] [[Special:Allpages/z|z]] <!--[[Special:Allpages/Ά|specials]]--> |} <inputbox> type=create width=40 bgcolor=#ffffff preload=Template:Standard content for new page editintro=Template:Instructions default=Wt/kea/ </inputbox> {| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" | style="width:50%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #afa3bf; background-color:#faf5ff;" | <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #afa3bf; background-color:#ddcef2; padding:0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;">'''Welcome'''</div> <div style="padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em;"> Ben-vindo a Wikcionario Kabuverdianu, un dicionario online ki ta usa palavra simplis pa podi ser facil de intendi. Nu tem {{Wt/kea/Wp/kea/NUMBEROFARTICLES}} palavra. Pa atxa un palavra, eskrebel dentu di caxa «search» na eskerda. Por izemplu, si bu kre sabi kuze ki «dicionario» signifika, eskrevi «dicionario» dentu di caxa i calka na «Go». </div> |} {| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" | style="width:60%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #fad67d; background-color:#faf6ed;" | <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #fad67d; background-color:#faecc8; padding:0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;">'''Tips for writers'''</div> <div style="padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em;"> * '''Manti simplis''' - Simple pages will be easier to read by people who do not speak English well. * '''Escrevi bom pagina''' - The best dicionario pages are clear and have enough detail to help the user understand and use the word. See also [[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:Entry layout explained|Wiktionary:Entry layout explained]] * '''Use the pages''' - These pages help people learn English. You may use pages from this Wiktionary to make pages in a different language, if you change the writing to that language. * '''Cosas pe fazê''' - Se bo sta djobe un palavra to work on, here are some good places to start: **Make definitions for words in: ***[[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:Requested definitions|Wiktionary:Requested definitions]] ***[[User:Tygrrr/Pages Simple English Wikipedia says we have|Pages that Simple English Wikipedia says we have]] ***[[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:Extended Basic English alphabetical wordlist|Basic English 1500]] ***[[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:General Service List|General Service List]] ***[[User:AKA MBG/English Simple Wikipedia 20080214 freq wordlist|Most frequent 1000 words in English Simple Wikipedia]] ***the [[Special:Wantedpages|most-linked-to words]] ***the [[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:BNC_spoken_freq_01|most common words]] in English **Make [[:Category:Wt/kea/Stubs|short articles]] bigger by adding meanings and examples **[[Wt/kea/:wikipedia:simple:category:move to Wiktionary|Simple English Wikipedia's Category:Move to Wiktionary]] **[[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:Word lists|Word lists]] </div> | style="padding:0em 0.5em;" | | style="width:40%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#f1f5fc;" | <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#d0e5f5; padding:0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;">'''Links'''</div> <div style="padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em;"> * '''[[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:Requested_definitions|Request a definition]]'''<br />Ask for a word to be added if you don't want to write it yourself. * '''[[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:Community Portal|Community Portal]]'''<br />For help and advice on using and writing Simple Wiktionary. * '''[[Wt/kea/Wiktionary:Simple talk|Simple talk]]'''<br />Ask a question or provide feedback on the talk page. </div> |} == Other Wikimedia projects in Kabuverdianu == {{Wt/kea/Sisterprojectskea}} == Wikimedia projects in Portuguese == {{Wt/kea/Sisterprojects}} == Wiktionary in other languages == {{Wt/kea/All Wiktionaries}} <!--All Wiktionaries with over 1000 entries get a sidebar entry--> [[Category:Wt/kea]] [[af:]][[ang:]][[ar:]][[ast:]][[bg:]][[br:]][[ca:]][[co:]][[cs:]][[csb:]][[da:]][[de:]][[el:]][[en:]] [[es:]][[et:]][[fa:]][[fi:]][[fr:]][[fy:]][[ga:]][[gl:]][[gn:]][[he:]][[hi:]][[hr:]][[hsb:]][[hu:]][[hy:]] [[ia:]][[id:]][[io:]][[is:]][[it:]][[ja:]][[kk:]][[ko:]][[ku:]][[la:]][[li:]][[lo:]][[lt:]][[ml:]][[nds:]][[nl:]][[no:]][[oc:]] [[pl:]][[pt:]][[ro:]][[ru:]][[scn:]][[simple:]][[sk:]][[sl:]][[sq:]][[sr:]][[st:]][[sv:]][[sw:]] [[ta:]][[te:]][[th:]][[tr:]][[tt:]][[uk:]][[ur:]][[vi:]][[vo:]][[zh:]][[zh-min-nan:]] szrg8f65cira4vpohij8voy33uyb8rs 0 113755 6685230 5777839 2025-06-13T12:56:49Z CommonsDelinker 992 Replacing [[Image:Europe-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg]] with [[Image:Map_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_Europe.svg]] (deleted by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because of: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 6685230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/grc/Χώρα |Ὄνομα ἑλληνιστί=Βοσώνα καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνη |Ὄνομα τῇ ἐκείνων γλώσσᾳ=Bosna i Hercegovina<br>Босна и Херцеговина |Σημεῖον=Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg |Ἐπίσημα=Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg |Ὄνομα Ἐπισήματος=Θυρεός |Ὕμνος=Državna himna Bosne i Hercegovine /<br>Државна химна Босне и Херцеговине |Ὕμνος ἑλληνιστί=Ἐθνικὸς Ὕμνος Βοσώνης καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνης |Ἐπίγραμμα=<small>''Οὐδέν''</small> |Ἐπίγραμμα ἑλληνιστί= |Πίναξ=Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Europe.svg |Πρωτεύουσα=[[File:Flag_of_Sarajevo.svg|basic|20px]] [[Wp/grc/Σεράϊον|Σεράϊον]]<br>[[File:WMA button2b.png|frameless|15x15px]] [https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&params=43_52_N_18_25_E_type:city 43°52′N 18°25′E] |Μέγιστη πόλις=[[Wp/grc/Σεράϊον|Σεράϊον]] |Πολίτευμα=Κοινοβουλευτικὴ Συμπολιτεία |Ὄνομα ἡγεμόνος τῶν κοινῶν=Ὕπατος Ἀρμοστής |Ἡγεμὼν τῶν κοινῶν=Κρίστιαν Σμίτ |Ὄνομα ἡγεμόνος κυβερνήσεως=Μέλη τῆς Προεδρίας |Ἡγεμὼν κυβερνήσεως=Ζέλικα Τσβιγιάνοβιτς(Σέρβος)<br> Ντένις Μπετσίροβιτς (Βοσῶνος)<br>Σεῖλκος Κόμσιχος (Χροάτης)<br>Μποριάνα Κρίστο (Πρωθυπουργός) |Πᾶν ἐμβαδόν=51.129 |Ποσοστὸν ὕδατος=1,4 |Μέγιστον ὕψος=1.603 |Βραχύτατον ὕψος=115 |Πλῆθος=3.531.159 (2011) <ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160630144751/http://www.popis2013.ba/popis2013/doc/Popis2013prvoIzdanje.pdf Census of population, households and dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013: Final results]" (PDF). ''Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine''. Ἰούνιος 2016</ref> |Πυκνότης πλήθους=69 |Πᾶν ΟΕΑ (PPP)=$52,103 δισ.<ref name=:0>"[https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/SPROLLs/world-economic-outlook-databases Report for Selected Countries and Subjects]". ''IMF''. 28 Δεκεμβρίου 2019</ref> |Κατὰ κεφαλὴν ΟΕΑ (PPP)=$14.894<ref name=:0/> |Πᾶν ΟΕΑ (Λεγόμενον)=$21,023 δισ.<ref name=:0/> |Κατὰ κεφαλὴν ΟΕΑ (Λεγόμενον)=$6.009<ref name=:0/> |ΣΑΠ=[[File:Increase2.svg|frameless|11x11px]] 0,780 <span style="color:green;">ὑψηλόν</span> (73η)<ref>''[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocen]e'' (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020</ref> |Δημόσιαι γλῶσσαι=Οὐδεμία (νομίμως) |Νόμισμα=Ἀντίστροφον Μάρκον Βοσώνης καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνης (KM) (BAM) |Ζώνη ὥρας=UTC+1<br>UTC+2 (θέρει) |Κλήσεως κῶδιξ=<nowiki>+</nowiki>387 |Ὁδήγησις=δεξιᾷ |Internet TLD=.ba |Ἱστοσελίς=[http://www.fbihvlada.gov.baz fbihvlada.gov.baz] }} Ἡ '''Βοσώνα<ref>Κωνσταντῖνος Ζ' Πορφυρογέννητος, ''Πρὸς τὸν ἴδιον υἱὸν Ρωμανόν''</ref> καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνη''' (''βοσωνιστί/σερβοχροατιστί'': Bosna i Hercegovina/Босна и Херцеговина {{Wp/grc/IPA|[bôsna i xěrt͡seɡoʋina]}}) χώρα τῆς [[Wp/grc/Εὐρώπη|Εὐρώπης]] ἐστί. Ἡ μητρόπολις αὐτῆς τὸ [[Wp/grc/Σεράϊον|Σεράϊόν]] ἐστί. ==Πηγαί== <references/> == Σύνδεσμοι Ἐξώτεροι == {{Wp/grc/Commonscat|Bosnia_and_Herzegovina|Βοσώνα καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνη}} {{Wp/grc/Χῶραι τῆς Εὐρώπης}} {{Wp/grc/Ἔκτασις-Γεωγραφία}} [[Category:Wp/grc/Βοσώνα καὶ Ἑρσεγοΐνη|!]] [[Category:Wp/grc]] {{INTERWIKI|Q225}} enyk6hih0hfek7xk36uocyqjiyo7jwg 0 114332 6685846 6677573 2025-06-14T03:38:38Z UluhKota 2601221 added [[Category:Wp/nij/Lambar Utama]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 6685846 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <!-- HEADER --> <div style="position:relative; text-align:center; padding:2em 1em; background:#fff; overflow:hidden;"><!-- --><div style="position:absolute; top:-50px; left:0; right:0; text-align:center; opacity:0.05; z-index:0;"><!-- -->[[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|600px|center|class=notpageimage|link=]]<!-- --></div><!-- --><div style="position:relative; z-index:1;"><!-- --><div style="font-variant:small-caps; font-family:'Linux Libertine','Georgia','Times',serif;"><!-- --><div style="font-size:140%;">Salam hasundau, salamat dumah melai</div><!-- --><div style="font-size:270%; line-height:1;">[[Wp/nij/Wikipedia kutak Ngaju|Wikipedia kutak&nbsp;Ngaju]]</div><!-- --><div style="font-size:140%; line-height:1.2;">[[Wp/nij/Dukuh panawa|Dukuh panawa]] je paliwus [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]</div><!-- --><div style="font-size:140%; line-height:1.2;">Wayah tuh jadi tege {{Wp/nij/NUMBEROFARTICLES}} artikel</div><!-- --></div><!-- --><div style="margin-top:20px;"><!-- --><inputbox> type=create width=30% preload=Template:Standard content for new page editintro=Template:Instructions default=Wp/nij/ buttonlabel=Manampa artikel taheta </inputbox><!-- --></div><!-- --></div><!-- --></div> <!--PORTAL--> {{Wp/nij/Daftar_portal}} <!-- BARIS ATAS --> <div style="display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap;"> <!-- BAHALAP IH ARTIKEL --> {{Wp/nij/Lambar Utama/box |warna=merah |judul=[[File:Featured article star.svg|20px|link=]]&nbsp;&nbsp;Bahalap ih Artikel |isi={{Wp/nij/Bahalap ih artikel}} }} <!-- LAWAN WIKIPEDIA --> {{Wp/nij/Lambar Utama/box |warna=biru |judul=[[File:Information icon4.svg|20px|link=]]&nbsp;&nbsp;Lawan Wikipedia |isi={{Wp/nij/Tentang Wikipedia}} }} </div> <!-- BAHALAP IH GAMBAR --> {{Wp/nij/Lambar Utama/box |warna=kuning |judul=[[File:Featured article star.svg|20px|link=]]&nbsp;&nbsp;Bahalap ih Gambar |isi={{Wp/nij/Bahalap ih gambar}} }} <!-- PROYEK WIKIMEDIA --> {{Wp/nij/Lambar Utama/box |warna=hijau |judul=[[File:Wikimedia-logo.svg|20px|link=]]&nbsp;&nbsp;Proyek Wikimadia beken |isi={{Wp/nij/Proyek Wikimadia}} }} {{Wp/nij/Kutak Beken}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] [[Category:Wp/nij/Lambar Utama]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5296}} 9lc6vf0813jch1q63x53qzww1ap48q8 4 132520 6685737 6678192 2025-06-14T00:52:16Z Liuxinyu970226 19450 +wt/zgh 6685737 wikitext text/x-wiki {|class="mw-content-ltr" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="margin:.6em 0;" |-valign="top"<!-- CONTRIBUTORS: if your test wiki is very active, you are allowed to add it to the appropriate section; but only up to 10 projects should be featured per column at the same time. TRANSLATORS: please do not mark this page for translation, as it is a frequently updated page. The messages used within it can be translated on Translatewiki: https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate/ext-wikimediaincubator-onwiki --> |width="25%"| [[Incubator:Site creation log|{{int:wminc-custom-featuredwikis-approved}}]] * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|rki|Rakhine}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wb|min|Minangkabau}}''' |style="min-width:1em"|&nbsp;<!--larger separator--> |width="50%"| {{int:wminc-custom-featuredwikis-active}} {|border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="margin:0;" |-valign="top" | {{int:Wikibase-sitelinks-wikipedia}}<!--please sort languages alphabetically per ISO code--> * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|apc|Levantine Arabic}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|gaa|Ga}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|isv|Interslavic}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|kaj|Jju}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|mfa|Kelantan-Pattani Malay}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|lua|Luba-Kasai}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|mag|Magahi}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|mak|Makassarese}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|nij|Ngaju}}''' | {{int:Wikibase-sitelinks-wiktionary}} * '''{{localised wiki name|wt|bew|Betawi}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|wt|zgh|Standard Morocco Tamazight}}''' {{int:Wikibase-sitelinks-wikinews}} * '''{{localised wiki name|Wn|bn|Bengali}}''' {{int:Wikibase-sitelinks-wikiquote}} * '''{{localised wiki name|Wq|ms|Malay}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wq|pcm|Nigerian Pidgin}}''' |} |style="min-width:1em"|&nbsp;<!--larger separator--> |width="25%"| {{int:wminc-custom-featuredwikis-permanent}} * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|grc|Ancient Greek}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|cnr|Montenegrin}}''' * '''{{localised wiki name|Wp|cop|Coptic}}''' |}<noinclude> [[Category:Incubator:(all)|Featured wikis]] </noinclude> d7g4r4bhuo5dbqx68or70owgvf2ghwt 4 146239 6685631 6680866 2025-06-13T23:00:23Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election */ new section 6685631 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Shortcut|I:POST}} Global notifications for all Wikimedia projects are posted to this page; they usually contain information about some software changes. Additionally, the ''Signpost'' from English Wikipedia is posted here when a new issue comes out. Both of these are posted to make it easy for Incubator users to spot new issues by their watchlist. Older entries will occasionally be removed. Entries are not archived locally; instead, *see the complete ''Signpost'' archives [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/Archives/Years|here]]. *see the complete Tech News archives [[:m:Tech/News/Archives|here]]. For Incubator-specific news, see [[Incubator:News]] and/or the [[I:Community Portal|Community Portal]] for, ''e.g.,'' policy discussions. <!-- Target page lists of the bot: *[[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery]] *[[:m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost]] *[[:m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors]]--> == Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC == Hi all, The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page]. This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites. Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation! [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 23:18, 22 August 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == Tech News: 2024-35 == <section begin="technews-2024-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Administrators can now test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on test2wiki. This was done to allow cross-wiki testing of temporary accounts, for when temporary accounts switch between projects. The feature was enabled on testwiki a few weeks ago. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Temporary Accounts is a project to create a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors which are no longer made public. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]]. * Later this week, editors at wikis that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as "Pending Changes") may notice that the indicators at the top of articles have changed. This change makes the system more consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156] '''Bugs status''' * Editors who use the 2010 wikitext editor, and use the Character Insert buttons, will [[phab:T361465|no longer]] experience problems with the buttons adding content into the edit-summary instead of the edit-window. You can read more about that, and 26 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Project updates''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Please review and vote on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas|Focus Areas]], which are groups of wishes that share a problem. Focus Areas were created for the newly reopened Community Wishlist, which is now open year-round for submissions. The first batch of focus areas are specific to moderator workflows, around welcoming newcomers, minimizing repetitive tasks, and prioritizing tasks. Once volunteers have reviewed and voted on focus areas, the Foundation will then review and select focus areas for prioritization. * Do you have a project and are willing to provide a three (3) month mentorship for an intern? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Outreachy|Outreachy]] is a twice a year program for people to participate in a paid internship that will start in December 2024 and end in early March 2025, and they need mentors and projects to work on. Projects can be focused on coding or non-coding (design, documentation, translation, research). See the Outreachy page for more details, and a list of past projects since 2013. '''Learn more''' * If you're curious about the product and technology improvements made by the Wikimedia Foundation last year, read [[diffblog:2024/08/21/wikimedia-foundation-product-technology-improving-the-user-experience/|this recent highlights summary on Diff]]. * To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together.webm|Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together]] (55 mins) - about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] project. ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Belgrade - Day 1 - Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views.webm|Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views]] (30 mins) - an overview for both technical and non technical audiences, covering some of the challenges and open questions, related to the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights|platform evolution, stewardship and developer experiences]] research. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W35"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:28, 26 August 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27341211 --> == Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]]. I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026: * North America (USA and Canada) ** Ajraddatz The following seats were not filled during this special election: * Latin America and Caribbean * Central and East Europe (CEE) * Sub-Saharan Africa * South Asia * The four remaining Community-At-Large seats Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community. Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]]. On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 14:05, 2 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == Tech News: 2024-36 == <section begin="technews-2024-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Editors and volunteer developers interested in data visualisation can now test the new software for charts. Its early version is available on beta Commons and beta Wikipedia. This is an important milestone before making charts available on regular wikis. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|read more about this project update]] and help to test the charts. '''Feature news''' * Editors who use the [[{{#special:Unusedtemplates}}]] page can now filter out pages which are expected to be there permanently, such as sandboxes, test-cases, and templates that are always substituted. Editors can add the new magic word [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE|<code dir="ltr"><nowiki>__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__</nowiki></code>]] to a template page to hide it from the listing. Thanks to Sophivorus and DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184633] * Editors who use the New Topic tool on discussion pages, will [[phab:T334163|now be reminded]] to add a section header, which should help reduce the quantity of newcomers who add sections without a header. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:28}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. * Last week, some Toolforge tools had occasional connection problems. The cause is still being investigated, but the problems have been resolved for now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373243] * Translation administrators at multilingual wikis, when editing multiple translation units, can now easily mark which changes require updates to the translation. This is possible with the [[phab:T298852#10087288|new dropdown menu]]. '''Project updates''' * A new draft text of a policy discussing the use of Wikimedia's APIs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/API Policy Update 2024|has been published on Meta-Wiki]]. The draft text does not reflect a change in policy around the APIs; instead, it is an attempt to codify existing API rules. Comments, questions, and suggestions are welcome on [[m:Talk:API Policy Update 2024|the proposed update’s talk page]] until September 13 or until those discussions have concluded. '''Learn more''' * To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization.webm|Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization]] (25 mins) – about the above-mentioned Charts project. ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 3 - State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia.webm|State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia]] (90 mins) – about some of the language tools that support Wikimedia sites, such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content]]/[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section Translation]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MinT|MinT]], and LanguageConverter; also the current state and future of languages onboarding. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368772] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W36"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:02, 3 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27390268 --> == Have your say: Vote for the 2024 Board of Trustees! == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. There are twelve (12) candidates running for four (4) seats on the Board. Learn more about the candidates by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|reading their statements]] and their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|answers to community questions]]. When you are ready, go to the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]] voting page to vote. '''The vote is open from September 3rd at 00:00 UTC to September 17th at 23:59 UTC'''. To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Best regards, The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group<section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:13, 3 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == ''The Signpost'': 4 September 2024 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/News and notes|WikiCup enters final round, MCDC wraps up activities, 17-year-old hoax article unmasked]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/In the media|AI is not playing games anymore. Is Wikipedia ready?]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/Recent research|Simulated Wikipedia seen as less credible than ChatGPT and Alexa in experiment]] * News from the WMF: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/News from the WMF|Meet the 12 candidates running in the WMF Board of Trustees election]] * Wikimania: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/Wikimania|A month after Wikimania 2024]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/Serendipity|What it's like to be Wikimedian of the Year]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/Traffic report|After the gold rush]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-04/Humour|Local man halfway through rude reply no longer able to recall why he hates other editor]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 13:31, 4 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=27280376 --> == Tech News: 2024-37 == <section begin="technews-2024-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translations]] are available. '''Feature news''' * Starting this week, the standard [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will receive new colors that make them compatible in dark mode. This is the first of many changes to come as part of a major upgrade to syntax highlighting. You can learn more about what's to come on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365311][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Editors of wikis using Wikidata will now be notified of only relevant Wikidata changes in their watchlist. This is because the Lua functions <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>entity:getSitelink()</code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid)</code></bdi> will have their logic unified for tracking different aspects of sitelinks to reduce junk notifications from [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Projects/Watchlist Wikidata Sitelinks Tracking|inconsistent sitelinks tracking]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295356] '''Project updates''' * Users of all Wikis will have access to Wikimedia sites as read-only for a few minutes on September 25, starting at 15:00 UTC. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962] * Contributors of [[phab:T363538#10123348|11 Wikipedias]], including English will have a new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MOS</code></bdi> namespace added to their Wikipedias. This improvement ensures that links beginning with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MOS:</code></bdi> (usually shortcuts to the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]) are not broken by [[w:en:Mooré|Mooré]] Wikipedia (language code <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mos</code></bdi>). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363538] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W37"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:48, 9 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27424457 --> == Tech News: 2024-38 == <section begin="technews-2024-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translations]] are available. '''Improvements and Maintenance''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Editors interested in templates can help by reading the latest Wishlist focus area, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template recall and discovery]], and share your feedback on the talkpage. This input helps the Community Tech team to decide the right technical approach to build. Everyone is also encouraged to continue adding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|new wishes]]. * The new automated [[{{#special:NamespaceInfo}}]] page helps editors understand which [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] exist on each wiki, and some details about how they are configured. Thanks to DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263513] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|References Check]] is a feature that encourages editors to add a citation when they add a new paragraph to a Wikipedia article. For a short time, the corresponding tag "Edit Check (references) activated" was erroneously being applied to some edits outside of the main namespace. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373692] * It is now possible for a wiki community to change the order in which a page’s categories are displayed on their wiki. By default, categories are displayed in the order they appear in the wikitext. Now, wikis with a consensus to do so can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|request]] a configuration change to display them in alphabetical order. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373480] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool authors can now access ToolsDB's [[wikitech:Portal:Data Services#ToolsDB|public databases]] from both [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry|Quarry]] and [[wikitech:Superset|Superset]]. Those databases have always been accessible to every [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] user, but they are now more broadly accessible, as Quarry can be accessed by anyone with a Wikimedia account. In addition, Quarry's internal database can now be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry#Querying Quarry's own database|queried from Quarry itself]]. This database contains information about all queries that are being run and starred by users in Quarry. This information was already public through the web interface, but you can now query it using SQL. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:20}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. * Any pages or tools that still use the very old CSS classes <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw-message-box</code></bdi> need to be updated. These old classes will be removed next week or soon afterwards. Editors can use a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-message-box&regex=1&namespaces=&title= global-search] to determine what needs to be changed. It is possible to use the newer <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>cdx-message</code></bdi> group of classes as a replacement (see [https://doc.wikimedia.org/codex/latest/components/demos/message.html#css-only-version the relevant Codex documentation], and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Header&diff=prev&oldid=27449042 an example update]), but using locally defined onwiki classes would be best. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374499] '''Technical project updates''' * Next week, all Wikimedia wikis will be read-only for a few minutes. This will start on September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This maintenance process also targets other services.]] The previous switchover took 3 minutes, and the Site Reliability Engineering teams use many tools to make sure that this essential maintenance work happens as quickly as possible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962] '''Tech in depth''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/August 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes details about: research about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Hooks|hook]] handlers to help simplify development, research about performance improvements, work to improve the REST API for end-users, and more. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: ** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Auditorium Kyiv - Day 4 - Hackathon Showcase.webm|Hackathon Showcase]] (45 mins) - 19 short presentations by some of the Hackathon participants, describing some of the projects they worked on, such as automated testing of maintenance scripts, a video-cutting command line tool, and interface improvements for various tools. There are [[phab:T369234|more details and links available]] in the Phabricator task. ** [[c:File:Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem.webm|Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem]] (40 mins) - a roundtable discussion for tool-maintainers, users, and supporters of Toolforge about how to make the platform sustainable and how to evaluate the tools available there. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W38"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:58, 16 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27460876 --> == Your wiki will be in read-only soon == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2024-09-25|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2024-09-25T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2024-09-25T15:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2024-09-25|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> [[User:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]], 09:37, 20 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27248326 --> == Tech News: 2024-39 == <section begin="technews-2024-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. Reading the wikis will not be interrupted, but editing will be paused. These twice-yearly processes allow WMF's site reliability engineering teams to remain prepared to keep the wikis functioning even in the event of a major interruption to one of our data centers. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Add alt text from a halfsheet, with the article behind.png|thumb|A screenshot of the interface for the Alt Text suggested-edit feature]] * Editors who use the iOS Wikipedia app in Spanish, Portuguese, French, or Chinese, may see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|Alt Text suggested-edit experiment]] after editing an article, or completing a suggested edit using "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project#Hypothesis 2 Add an Image Suggested Edit|Add an image]]". Alt-text helps people with visual impairments to read Wikipedia articles. The team aims to learn if adding alt-text to images is a task that editors can be successful with. Please share any feedback on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|the discussion page]]. * The Codex color palette has been updated with new and revised colors for the MediaWiki user interfaces. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design System Team/Color/Design documentation#Updates|most noticeable changes]] for editors include updates for: dark mode colors for Links and for quiet Buttons (progressive and destructive), visited Link colors for both light and dark modes, and background colors for system-messages in both light and dark modes. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] It is now possible to include clickable wikilinks and external links inside code blocks. This includes links that are used within <code><nowiki><syntaxhighlight></nowiki></code> tags and on code pages (JavaScript, CSS, Scribunto and Sanitized CSS). Uses of template syntax <code><nowiki>{{…}}</nowiki></code> are also linked to the template page. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368166] * Two bugs were fixed in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Account vanishing|GlobalVanishRequest]] system by improving the logging and by removing an incorrect placeholder message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370595][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T372223] * View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] From [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]]: ** The API now enables 5,000 on-demand API requests per month and twice-monthly HTML snapshots freely (gratis and libre). More information on the updates and also improvements to the software development kits (SDK) are explained on [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api/ the project's blog post]. While Wikimedia Enterprise APIs are designed for high-volume commercial reusers, this change enables many more community use-cases to be built on the service too. ** The Snapshot API (html dumps) have added beta Structured Contents endpoints ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/ blog post on that]) as well as released two beta datasets (English and French Wikipedia) from that endpoint to Hugging Face for public use and feedback ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/hugging-face-dataset/ blog post on that]). These pre-parsed data sets enable new options for researchers, developers, and data scientists to use and study the content. '''In depth''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) is used to get answers to questions using the Wikidata data set. As Wikidata grows, we had to make a major architectural change so that WDQS could remain performant. As part of the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split project]], we have new SPARQL endpoints available for serving the "[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org scholarly]" and "[https://query-main.wikidata.org main]" subgraphs of Wikidata. The [http://query.wikidata.org query.wikidata.org endpoint] will continue to serve the full Wikidata graph until March 2025. After this date, it will only serve the main graph. For more information, please see [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|the announcement on Wikidata]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W39"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:31, 23 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27493779 --> == ''The Signpost'': 26 September 2024 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-26/In the media|Indian courts order Wikipedia to take down name of crime victim, and give up names of editors]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-26/Serendipity|A Wikipedian at the 2024 Paralympics]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-26/Opinion|asilvering's RfA debriefing]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-26/News and notes|Are you ready for admin elections?]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-26/Gallery|Are Ludd''ai''tes defending the English Wikipedia?]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-26/Recent research|Article-writing AI is less "prone to reasoning errors (or hallucinations)" than human Wikipedia editors]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-09-26/Traffic report|Jump in the line, rock your body in time]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 20:15, 26 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=27463206 --> == Tech News: 2024-40 == <section begin="technews-2024-W40"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Readers of [[phab:T375401|42 more wikis]] can now use Dark Mode. If the option is not yet available for logged-out users of your wiki, this is likely because many templates do not yet display well in Dark Mode. Please use the [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ night-mode-checker tool] if you are interested in helping to reduce the number of issues. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations page]] provides guidance on this. Dark Mode is enabled on additional wikis once per month. * Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor as their default can access features from the 2017 wikitext editor by adding <code dir=ltr>?veaction=editsource</code> to the URL. If you would like to enable the 2017 wikitext editor as your default, it can be set in [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-newwikitext|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239796] * For logged-out readers using the Vector 2022 skin, the "donate" link has been moved from a collapsible menu next to the content area into a more prominent top menu, next to "Create an account". This restores the link to the level of prominence it had in the Vector 2010 skin. [[mw:Readers/2024 Reader and Donor Experiences#Donor Experiences (Key Result WE 3.2 and the related hypotheses)|Learn more]] about the changes related to donor experiences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373585] * The CampaignEvents extension provides tools for organizers to more easily manage events, communicate with participants, and promote their events on the wikis. The extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|enabled]] on Arabic Wikipedia, Igbo Wikipedia, Swahili Wikipedia, and Meta-Wiki. [[w:zh:Wikipedia:互助客栈/其他#引進CampaignEvents擴充功能|Chinese Wikipedia has decided]] to enable the extension, and discussions on the extension are in progress [[w:es:Wikipedia:Votaciones/2024/Sobre la política de Organizadores de Eventos|on Spanish Wikipedia]] and [[d:Wikidata:Project chat#Enabling the CampaignEvents Extention on Wikidata|on Wikidata]]. To learn how to enable the extension on your wiki, you can visit [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|the CampaignEvents page on Meta-Wiki]]. * View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Developers with an account on Wikitech-wiki should [[wikitech:Wikitech/SUL-migration|check if any action is required]] for their accounts. The wiki is being changed to use the single-user-login (SUL) system, and other configuration changes. This change will help reduce the overall complexity for the weekly software updates across all our wikis. '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|server switch]] was completed successfully last week with a read-only time of [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Past Switches|only 2 minutes 46 seconds]]. This periodic process makes sure that engineers can switch data centers and keep all of the wikis available for readers, even if there are major technical issues. It also gives engineers a chance to do maintenance and upgrades on systems that normally run 24 hours a day, and often helps to reveal weaknesses in the infrastructure. The process involves dozens of software services and hundreds of hardware servers, and requires multiple teams working together. Work over the past few years has reduced the time from 17 minutes down to 2–3 minutes. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/66ZW7B2MG63AESQVTXDIFQBDBS766JGW/] '''Meetings and events''' * October 4–6: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiIndaba conference 2024|WikiIndaba Conference's Hackathon]] in Johannesburg, South Africa * November 4–6: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] in Vienna, Austria '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W40"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:15, 30 September 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27530062 --> == Invitation to Participate in Wiki Loves Ramadan Community Engagement Survey == Dear all, We are excited to announce the upcoming [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan|Wiki Loves Ramadan]] event, a global initiative aimed at celebrating Ramadan by enriching Wikipedia and its sister projects with content related to this significant time of year. As we plan to organize this event globally, your insights and experiences are crucial in shaping the best possible participation experience for the community. To ensure that Wiki Loves Ramadan is engaging, inclusive, and impactful, we kindly invite you to participate in our community engagement survey. Your feedback will help us understand the needs of the community, set the event's focus, and guide our strategies for organizing this global event. Survey link: https://forms.gle/f66MuzjcPpwzVymu5 Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts. Your input will make a difference! Thank you for being a part of our journey to make Wiki Loves Ramadan a success. Warm regards, User:ZI Jony 03:20, 6 October 2024 (UTC) Wiki Loves Ramadan Organizing Team <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27510935 --> == Tech News: 2024-41 == <section begin="technews-2024-W41"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Communities can now request installation of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]] on their wiki. Automoderator is an automated anti-vandalism tool that reverts bad edits based on scores from the new "Revert Risk" machine learning model. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AutoModerator/Deploying|read details about the necessary steps]] for installation and configuration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336934] '''Updates for editors''' * Translators in wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|the mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now customize their articles suggestion list from 41 filtering options when using the tool. This topic-based article suggestion feature makes it easy for translators to self-discover relevant articles based on their area of interest and translate them. You can [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&active-list=suggestions try it with your mobile device]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368422] * View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * It is now possible for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><syntaxhighlight></nowiki></code></bdi> code blocks to offer readers a "Copy" button if the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>copy=1</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight#copy|set on the tag]]. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40932] * Customized copyright footer messages on all wikis will be updated. The new versions will use wikitext markup instead of requiring editing raw HTML. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375789] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this month, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] will be rolled out on several pilot wikis. The final list of the wikis will be published in the second half of the month. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on [[phab:T376499|these 11 wikis]], and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Rate limiting has been enabled for the code review tools [[Wikitech:Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[Wikitech:GitLab|GitLab]] to address ongoing issues caused by malicious traffic and scraping. Clients that open too many concurrent connections will be restricted for a few minutes. This rate limiting is managed through [[Wikitech:nftables|nftables]] firewall rules. For more details, see Wikitech's pages on [[Wikitech:Firewall#Throttling with nftables|Firewall]], [[Wikitech:GitLab/Abuse and rate limiting|GitLab limits]] and [[Wikitech:Gerrit/Operations#Throttling IPs|Gerrit operations]]. * Five new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q49224|Komering]] ([[w:kge:|<code>w:kge:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374813] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36096|Mooré]] ([[m:mos:|<code>m:mos:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374641] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[wikt:mad:|<code>wikt:mad:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374968] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q2501174|Gorontalo]] ([[q:gor:|<code>q:gor:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375088] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikinews}} in [[d:Q56482|Shan]] ([[n:shn:|<code>n:shn:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375430] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W41"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:37, 7 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27557422 --> == Preliminary results of the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, Thank you to everyone who participated in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]. Close to 6000 community members from more than 180 wiki projects have voted. The following four candidates were the most voted: # [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]] # [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]] # [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]] # [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]] While these candidates have been ranked through the vote, they still need to be appointed to the Board of Trustees. They need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. New trustees will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2024. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|Learn more about the results on Meta-Wiki.]] Best regards, The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group <section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] 08:24, 14 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == Tech News: 2024-42 == <section begin="technews-2024-W42"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is starting to be removed. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|A first set of wikis]] are being contacted. These wikis are invited to stop using Flow, and to move all Flow boards to sub-pages, as archives. At these wikis, a script will move all Flow pages that aren't a sub-page to a sub-page automatically, starting on 22 October 2024. On 28 October 2024, all Flow boards at these wikis will be set in read-only mode. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370722] * WMF's Search Platform team is working on making it easier for readers to perform text searches in their language. A [[phab:T332342|change last week]] on over 30 languages makes it easier to find words with accents and other diacritics. This applies to both full-text search and to types of advanced search such as the <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">''hastemplate''</bdi> and <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">''incategory''</bdi> keywords. More technical details (including a few other minor search upgrades) are available. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:TJones_%28WMF%29/Notes/Language_Analyzer_Harmonization_Notes#ASCII-folding/ICU-folding_%28T332342%29] * View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|EditCheck]] was installed at Russian Wikipedia, and fixes were made for some missing user interface styles. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editors who use the Toolforge tool [[toolforge:copyvios|Earwig's Copyright Violation Detector]] will now be required to log in with their Wikimedia account before running checks using the "search engine" option. This change is needed to help prevent external bots from misusing the system. Thanks to Chlod for these improvements. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:New_pages_patrol/Reviewers#Authentication_is_now_required_for_search_engine_checks_on_Earwig's_Copyvio_Tool] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] users can create tickets and add comments on existing tickets via Email again. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator/Help#Using email|Sending email to Phabricator]] has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356077] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Some HTML elements in the interface are now wrapped with a <code><nowiki><bdi></nowiki></code> element, to make our HTML output more aligned with Web standards. More changes like this will be coming in future weeks. This change might break some tools that rely on the previous HTML structure of the interface. Note that relying on the HTML structure of the interface is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Stable interface policy/Frontend#What is not stable?|not recommended]] and might break at any time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375975] '''In depth''' * The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/September 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes: updates on Wikimedia's authentication system, research to simplify feature development in the MediaWiki platform, updates on Parser Unification and MathML rollout, and more. * The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/October|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition include: research about improving topic suggestions related to countries, improvements to PHPUnit tests, and more. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W42"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:16, 14 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27597254 --> == Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]] Applications for the committees open on 16 October 2024. Applications for the Affiliations Committee close on 18 November 2024, and applications for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on 2 December 2024. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org] with any questions you may have. For the Committee Support team, <section end="announcement-content" /> -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:07, 16 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27601062 --> == ''The Signpost'': 19 October 2024 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/News and notes|One election's end, another election's beginning]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/Recent research|"As many as 5%" of new English Wikipedia articles "contain significant AI-generated content", says paper]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/In the media|Off to the races! Wikipedia wins!]] * Contest: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/Contest|A WikiCup for the underdeveloped world]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/Traffic report|A scream breaks the still of the night]] * Book review: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/Book review|''The Editors'']] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/Humour|The Newspaper Editors]] * Crossword: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-10-19/Crossword|Spilled Coffee Mug]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 11:17, 19 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=27606308 --> == Tech News: 2024-43 == <section begin="technews-2024-W43"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Mobile Apps team has released an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh#Phase 1: Creating a user Profile Menu (T373714)|update]] to the iOS app's navigation, and it is now available in the latest App store version. The team added a new Profile menu that allows for easy access to editor features like Notifications and Watchlist from the Article view, and brings the "Donate" button into a more accessible place for users who are reading an article. This is the first phase of a larger planned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh|navigation refresh]] to help the iOS app transition from a primarily reader-focused app, to an app that fully supports reading and editing. The Wikimedia Foundation has added more editing features and support for on-wiki communication based on volunteer requests in recent years. [[File:IOS App Navigation refresh first phase 05.png|thumb|iOS Wikipedia App's profile menu and contents]] '''Updates for editors''' * Wikipedia readers can now download a browser extension to experiment with some early ideas on potential features that recommend articles for further reading, automatically summarize articles, and improve search functionality. For more details and to stay updated, check out the Web team's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments|Content Discovery Experiments page]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Web team's projects|subscribe to their newsletter]]. * Later this month, logged-out editors of [[phab:T376499|these 12 wikis]] will start to have [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] created. The list may slightly change - some wikis may be removed but none will be added. Temporary account is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User account types|type of user account]]. It enhances the logged-out editors' privacy and makes it easier for community members to communicate with them. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on these 12 wikis, and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. Read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|deployment plan across all wikis]]. * View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[w:nr:Main Page|South Ndebele]], [[w:rsk:Главни бок|Pannonian Rusyn]], [[w:ann:Uwu|Obolo]], [[w:iba:Lambar Keterubah|Iban]] and [[w:tdd:ᥞᥨᥝᥴ ᥘᥣᥲ ᥖᥥᥰ|Tai Nüa]] Wikipedia languages were created last week. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36785][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35660][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36614][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33424][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36556] * It is now possible to create functions on Wikifunctions using Wikidata lexemes, through the new [[f:Z6005|Wikidata lexeme type]] launched last week. When you go to one of these functions, the user interface provides a lexeme selector that helps you pick a lexeme from Wikidata that matches the word you type. After hitting run, your selected lexeme is retrieved from Wikidata, transformed into a Wikidata lexeme type, and passed into the selected function. Read more about this in [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17#Function of the Week: select representation from lexeme|the latest Wikifunctions newsletter]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Users of the Wikimedia sites can now format dates more easily in different languages with the new <code dir="ltr">{{[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef|#timef]]:…}}</code> parser function. For example, <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{#timef:now|date|en}}</nowiki></code> will show as "<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">{{#timef:now|date|en}}</bdi>". Previously, <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{#time:…}}</nowiki></code> could be used to format dates, but this required knowledge of the order of the time and date components and their intervening punctuation. <code dir="ltr">#timef</code> (or <code dir="ltr">#timefl</code> for local time) provides access to the standard date formats that MediaWiki uses in its user interface. This may help to simplify some templates on multi-lingual wikis like Commons and Meta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223772][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Commons and Meta users can now efficiently [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Localization|retrieve the user's language]] using <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{USERLANGUAGE}}</nowiki></code> instead of using <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{int:lang}}</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T4085] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Tech Advisory Council]] (PTAC) now has its pilot members with representation across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. They will work to address the [[Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Technology Council|Movement Strategy's Technology Council]] initiative of having a co-defined and more resilient technological platform. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy/Initiatives/Technology_Council] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/32|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: an upcoming Newcomer Homepage Community Updates module, new Community Configuration options, and details on new projects. * The Wikimedia Foundation is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Security Team#CNA Partnership|now an official partner of the CVE program]], which is an international effort to catalog publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities. This partnership will allow the Security Team to instantly publish [[w:en:Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures|common vulnerabilities and exposures]] (CVE) records that are affecting MediaWiki core, extensions, and skins, along with any other code the Foundation is a steward of. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]] is now [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates#October 16, 2024: Conversations Made Easier: Machine-Translated Wishes Are Here!|testing machine translations]] for Wishlist content. Volunteers can now read machine-translated versions of wishes and dive into discussions even before translators arrive to translate content. '''Meetings and events''' * 24 October - Wiki Education Speaker Series Webinar - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/N4XTB4G55BUY3M3PNGUAKQWJ7A4UOPAK/ Open Source Tech: Building the Wiki Education Dashboard], featuring Wikimedia interns and a Web developer in the panel. * 20–22 December 2024 - [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024|Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024]] in Odisha, India. A hackathon for community members, including developers, designers and content editors, to build technical solutions that improve contributors' experiences. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W43"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:48, 21 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27634672 --> == Growth News, October 2024 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Growth_team_logo_-_Icon_only.svg|right|frameless|class=skin-invert]] === Current work === [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community Updates|'''Newcomer Homepage Community Updates module''']] We will add a new module to the Newcomer Homepage that will allow communities to highlight specific events, projects, campaigns, and initiatives. We have released a simple version on beta wikis and we will soon start an A/B test on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/FAQ#pilot|our pilot wikis]]. This module will only display on the Newcomer Homepage if communities decide to utilize it, so learn [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Community updates module|how to configure the Community Updates module]], or share your thoughts on [[mw:Talk:Growth/Community Updates|the project's talk page]]. [[File:Design one for surfacing structured tasks.png|thumb|One design concept aimed to increase constructive activation]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation|'''Constructive activation experimentation''']] After showcasing [https://www.figma.com/proto/gog5jsPm40hNRAuyYPpaf0/Wikimania-2024-%E2%80%94-Surfacing-structured-tasks?node-id=24-2102&node-type=canvas&t=Qi6ekdUstnd3flDa-0&scaling=min-zoom&content-scaling=fixed&page-id=0%3A1&starting-point-node-id=24%3A2102 early design ideas] at Wikimania, we conducted [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation#Design|user testing of design prototypes]]. We now aim to engage communities in further discussions and plan to run a targeted experiment, presenting a structured task within the reading view to logged-in new account holders with zero edits. '''[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]]''' This Community Configuration extension was developed to help communities customize wiki features to meet their unique needs. The Growth team is now helping other Wikimedia Foundation teams make their products configurable: * The Moderation Tools team now provides Community Configuration for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]]. ([[phab:T365046|T365046]]) * Certain [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Babel|Babel]] extension settings will be configurable soon. ([[phab:T328171|T328171]]) === Future work === As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Annual Plan 2024-2025|Growth team annual plan]], we will continue to investigate ways to increase constructive activation on mobile, while also working with Data Products to move forward A/B testing functionality via the [[wikitech:Metrics_Platform|Metrics Platform]]. === Community events === * Growth team members presented ''Community Configuration: Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together'' at Wikimania ([https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1zFMP-_-j6AlcuC_2b32-zdpmvlAO8_SWOtg9mZXCNPI/edit#slide=id.g2cbe13544d8_5_15 slides]). The [https://www.youtube.com/live/govhrZZjV6s?t=3962s session recording is available to watch on YouTube]. This session provided an update on the Community Configuration project and introduced details about the upcoming features that communities will soon be able to configure. Representatives from the Moderator Tools, Editing, Web, and Campaigns teams shared their plans for utilizing Community Configuration in the future. Following these presentations, the WMF Growth team's [[:User:Trizek (WMF)|Benoît Evellin]] and [[:User:Martin_Urbanec_(WMF)|Martin Urbanec]] answered audience questions. * [[:User:Dyolf77 (WMF)|Habib Mhenni]] gave a presentation of how mentorship works at WikiIndaba 2024. [[:File:How to became a mentor, Growth feature, Wiki Indaba 2024.webm|The recording is available]]. === Stay informed === Growth team weekly updates [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Growth team updates|are available on wiki]] (in English) if you want to know more about our day-to-day work. If you want to receive more general updates about technical activity happening across the Wikimedia movement (including Growth work), we encourage you to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|subscribe to Tech News]]. ''<small>'''[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth team's newsletter]]''' prepared by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|the Growth team]] and posted by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[mw:Talk:Growth|Give feedback]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Growth team updates|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].</small>'' </div> [[:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]], 15:44, 22 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Growth_team_updates&oldid=27642848 --> == Tech News: 2024-44 == <section begin="technews-2024-W44"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Later in November, the Charts extension will be deployed to the test wikis in order to help identify and fix any issue. A security review is underway to then enable deployment to pilot wikis for broader testing. You can read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#October 2024: Working towards production deployment|the October project update]] and see the [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Charts latest documentation and examples on Beta Wikipedia]. * View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[w:en:PediaPress|Pediapress.com]], an external service that creates books from Wikipedia, can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Maps|Wikimedia Maps]] to include existing pre-rendered infobox map images in their printed books on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375761] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Wikis can use [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|the Guided Tour extension]] to help newcomers understand how to edit. The Guided Tours extension now works with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Dark mode|dark mode]]. Guided Tour maintainers can check their tours to see that nothing looks odd. They can also set <code>emitTransitionOnStep</code> to <code>true</code> to fix an old bug. They can use the new flag <code>allowAutomaticBack</code> to avoid back-buttons they don't want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73927#10241528] * Administrators in the Wikimedia projects who use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Nuke|Nuke Extension]] will notice that mass deletions done with this tool have the "Nuke" tag. This change will make reviewing and analyzing deletions performed with the tool easier. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366068] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W44"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:52, 28 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27668811 --> == Final Reminder: Join us in Making Wiki Loves Ramadan Success == Dear all, We’re thrilled to announce the Wiki Loves Ramadan event, a global initiative to celebrate Ramadan by enhancing Wikipedia and its sister projects with valuable content related to this special time of year. As we organize this event globally, we need your valuable input to make it a memorable experience for the community. Last Call to Participate in Our Survey: To ensure that Wiki Loves Ramadan is inclusive and impactful, we kindly request you to complete our community engagement survey. Your feedback will shape the event’s focus and guide our organizing strategies to better meet community needs. * Survey Link: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSffN4prPtR5DRSq9nH-t1z8hG3jZFBbySrv32YoxV8KbTwxig/viewform?usp=sf_link Complete the Survey] * Deadline: November 10, 2024 Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts. Your input will truly make a difference! '''Volunteer Opportunity''': Join the Wiki Loves Ramadan Team! We’re seeking dedicated volunteers for key team roles essential to the success of this initiative. If you’re interested in volunteer roles, we invite you to apply. * Application Link: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfXiox_eEDH4yJ0gxVBgtL7jPe41TINAWYtpNp1JHSk8zhdgw/viewform?usp=sf_link Apply Here] * Application Deadline: October 31, 2024 Explore Open Positions: For a detailed list of roles and their responsibilities, please refer to the position descriptions here: [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1oy0_tilC6kow5GGf6cEuFvdFpekcubCqJlaxkxh-jT4/ Position Descriptions] Thank you for being part of this journey. We look forward to working together to make Wiki Loves Ramadan a success! Warm regards,<br> The Wiki Loves Ramadan Organizing Team 05:11, 29 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27568454 --> == Tech News: 2024-45 == <section begin="technews-2024-W45"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Stewards can now make [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks|global account blocks]] cause global [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblocks]]. This will assist stewards in preventing abuse from users who have been globally blocked. This includes preventing globally blocked temporary accounts from exiting their session or switching browsers to make subsequent edits for 24 hours. Previously, temporary accounts could exit their current session or switch browsers to continue editing. This is an anti-abuse tool improvement for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project. You can read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|progress on key features for temporary accounts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368949] * Wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]] can now use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event list#October 29, 2024: Collaboration List launched|Collaboration List]] feature. This list provides a new, easy way for contributors to learn about WikiProjects on their wikis. Thanks to the Campaign team for this work that is part of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product %26 Technology OKRs#WE KRs|the 2024/25 annual plan]]. If you are interested in bringing the CampaignEvents extension to your wiki, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|follow these steps]] or you can reach out to User:Udehb-WMF for help. * The text color for red links will be slightly changed later this week to improve their contrast in light mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370446] * View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, on multilingual wikis, users [[phab:T216368|can now]] hide translations from the WhatLinksHere special page. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * XML [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Data dumps|data dumps]] have been temporarily paused whilst a bug is investigated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/xmldatadumps-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/BXWJDPO5QI2QMBCY7HO36ELDCRO6HRM4/] '''In depth''' * Temporary Accounts have been deployed to six wikis; thanks to the Trust and Safety Product team for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|this work]], you can read about [[phab:T340001|the deployment plans]]. Beginning next week, Temporary Accounts will also be enabled on [[phab:T378336|seven other projects]]. If you are active on these wikis and need help migrating your tools, please reach out to [[m:User:Udehb-WMF|User:Udehb-WMF]] for assistance. * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/October|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: New languages supported in translatewiki or in MediaWiki; New keyboard input methods for some languages; details about recent and upcoming meetings, and more. '''Meetings and events''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] is happening in Vienna, Austria and online from 4 to 6 November 2024. The conference will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W45"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:46, 4 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27693917 --> == ''The Signpost'': 6 November 2024 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * From the editors: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/From the editors|Editing Wikipedia should not be a crime]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/News and notes|Wikimedia Foundation shares ANI lawsuit updates; first admin elections appoint eleven sysops; first admin recalls opened; temporary accounts coming soon?]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/In the media|An old scrimmage, politics and purported libel]] * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/Special report|Wikipedia editors face litigation, censorship]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/Gallery|Why you should take more photos and upload them]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/In focus|Questions and answers about the court case]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/Traffic report|Twisted tricks or tempting treats?]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/Technology report|Wikimedia tech, the Asian News International case, and the ultra-rare BLACKLOCK]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-06/Humour|Man quietly slinks away from talk page argument after realizing his argument dumb, wrong]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 08:08, 6 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=27684085 --> == Tech News: 2024-46 == <section begin="technews-2024-W46"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * On wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] enabled, users will notice that the FuzzyBot will now automatically create translated versions of categories used on translated pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285463] * View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the submitted task to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SecurePoll|SecurePoll extension]] for English Wikipedia's special [[w:en:Wikipedia:Administrator elections|administrator election]] was resolved on time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371454] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] In <code dir="ltr">[[mw:MediaWiki_1.44/wmf.2|1.44.0-wmf-2]]</code>, the logic of Wikibase function <code>getAllStatements</code> changed to behave like <code>getBestStatements</code>. Invoking the function now returns a copy of values which are immutable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270851] * [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. The API will be rerouting some page content endpoints from RESTbase to the newer [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST API]] endpoints. The [[phab:T374683|impacted endpoints]] include getting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content. These changes will be available on testwiki later this week, with other projects to follow. This change should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints should verify behavior on testwiki, and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]]. '''In depth''' * Admins and users of the Wikimedia projects [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator_Tools/Automoderator#Usage|where Automoderator is enabled]] can now monitor and evaluate important metrics related to Automoderator's actions. [https://superset.wmcloud.org/superset/dashboard/unified-automoderator-activity-dashboard/ This Superset dashboard] calculates and aggregates metrics about Automoderator's behaviour on the projects in which it is deployed. Thanks to the Moderator Tools team for this Dashboard; you can visit [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator/Unified Activity Dashboard|the documentation page]] for more information about this work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369488] '''Meetings and events''' * 21 November 2024 ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] & [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]) - [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Community call]] with Wikimedia Commons volunteers and stakeholders to help prioritize support efforts for 2025-2026 Fiscal Year. The theme of this call is how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W46"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:03, 12 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27732268 --> == ''The Signpost'': 18 November 2024 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-18/News and notes|Open letter to WMF about court case breaks one thousand signatures, big arb case declined, U4C begins accepting cases]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-18/In the media|Summons issued for Wikipedia editors by Indian court, "Gaza genocide" RfC close in news, old admin Gwern now big AI guy, and a "spectrum of reluctance" over Australian place names]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-18/Recent research|SPINACH: AI help for asking Wikidata "challenging real-world questions"]] * News from the WMF: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-18/News from the WMF|Wikimedia Foundation and Wikimedia Endowment audit reports: FY 2023–2024]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-11-18/Traffic report|Well, let us share with you our knowledge, about the electoral college]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 23:46, 18 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=27733567 --> == Tech News: 2024-47 == <section begin="technews-2024-W47"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Users of Wikimedia sites will now be warned when they create a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects|redirect]] to a page that doesn't exist. This will reduce the number of broken redirects to red links in our projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326057] * View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Overview|Pywikibot]], which automates work on MediaWiki sites, was upgraded to 9.5.0 on Toolforge. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * On wikis that use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]], pages created or moved by users with the appropriate permissions are marked as flagged automatically. This feature has not been working recently, and changes fixing it should be deployed this week. Thanks to Daniel and Wargo for working on this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379218][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368380] '''In depth''' * There is a new [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/11/05/say-hi-to-temporary-accounts-easier-collaboration-with-logged-out-editors-with-better-privacy-protection Diff post] about Temporary Accounts, available in more than 15 languages. Read it to learn about what Temporary Accounts are, their impact on different groups of users, and the plan to introduce the change on all wikis. '''Meetings and events''' * Technical volunteers can now register for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which will take place in Istanbul, Turkey. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/hackathon2025/ Application for travel and accommodation scholarships] is open from '''November 12 to December 10 2024'''. The registration for the event will close in mid-April 2025. The Wikimedia Hackathon is an annual gathering that unites the global technical community to collaborate on existing projects and explore new ideas. * Join the [[C:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF%20support%20for%20Commons/Commons%20community%20calls|Wikimedia Commons community calls]] this week to help prioritize support for Commons which will be planned for 2025–2026. The theme will be how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. This is an opportunity for volunteers who work on different things to come together and talk about what matters for the future of the project. The calls will take place '''November 21, 2024, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]'''. * A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place '''November 29, 16:00 UTC''' to discuss updates and technical problem-solving. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W47"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:57, 19 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27806858 --> == Sign up for the language community meeting on November 29th, 16:00 UTC == Hello everyone, The next language community meeting is coming up next week, on November 29th, at 16:00 UTC (Zonestamp! For your timezone <https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000>). If you're interested in joining, you can sign up on this wiki page: <https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#29_November_2024>. This participant-driven meeting will be organized by the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Product Localization team and the Language Diversity Hub. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Moore Wikipedia, and the language support track at Wiki Indaba. We will also have members from the Wayuunaiki community joining us to share their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community within our movement. This meeting will have a Spanish interpretation. Looking forward to seeing you at the language community meeting! Cheers, [[User:SSethi (WMF)|Srishti]] 19:53, 21 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27746256 --> == Tech News: 2024-48 == <section begin="technews-2024-W48"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new version of the standard wikitext editor-mode [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will be available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] later this week. This brings many new features and bug fixes, including right-to-left support, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Template folding|template folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and an improved search panel. You can learn more on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. * The 2010 wikitext editor now supports common keyboard shortcuts such <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Ctrl</code>+<code>B</code></bdi> for bold and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Ctrl</code>+<code>I</code></bdi> for italics. A full [[mw:Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|list of all six shortcuts]] is available. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62928] * Starting November 28, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: <bdi>bswiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>elwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>euwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>fawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>fiwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikiquote</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikisource</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikiversity</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwikivoyage</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>idwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>lvwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>plwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>ptwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>urwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>viwikisource</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>zhwikisource</bdi>. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a user creating a new AbuseFilter can now only set the filter to "protected" [[phab:T377765|if it includes a protected variable]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]], which can be used in JavaScript, CSS, JSON, and Lua pages, [[phab:T377663|now offers]] live autocompletion. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. The feature can be temporarily disabled on a page by pressing <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Ctrl</code>+<code>,</code></bdi> and un-selecting "<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Live Autocompletion</bdi>". * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool-maintainers who use the Graphite system for tracking metrics, need to migrate to the newer Prometheus system. They can check [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/K6DEOo5Ik/grafana-graphite-datasource-utilization?orgId=1 this dashboard] and the list in the Description of the [[phab:T350592|task T350592]] to see if their tools are listed, and they should claim metrics and dashboards connected to their tools. They can then disable or migrate all existing metrics by following the instructions in the task. The Graphite service will become read-only in April. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/KLUV4IOLRYXPQFWD6WKKJUHMWE77BMSZ/] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/NewPP parser report|New PreProcessor parser performance report]] has been fixed to give an accurate count for the number of Wikibase entities accessed. It had previously been resetting after 400 entities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279069] '''Meetings and events''' * A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place November 29 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000 16:00 UTC]. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Mooré Wikipedia, the language support track at [[m:Wiki Indaba|Wiki Indaba]], and a report from the Wayuunaiki community on their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community over the last 3 years. This meeting will be in English and will also have Spanish interpretation. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W48"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:38, 25 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27847039 --> == Roll out of Parsoid Read Views on Wikimedia Incubator == {{Int:Please-translate}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello everyone, I am glad to inform you that as part of our continued rollout of Parsoid Read Views, Parsoid will soon be turned as the default read views renderer on Wikimedia Incubator. [[mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework/Reports|Here's the rationale]] behind our confidence to roll-out this experimental feature and collect feedback. Turning on Parsoid Read Views for Wikimedia Incubator helps ensure all new wikis are compatible with the new Parsoid parser from the start. This is also an opportunity for continued experimentation as we increase the number of wikis using Parsoid for read views. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry you can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the page you’re navigating in the Tools submenu, as described at the [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] page. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. There is [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available. Best regards, [[User:CAnanian (WMF)|C. Scott Ananian]], for the Content Transform Team </div> [[User:CAnanian (WMF)|CAnanian (WMF)]] ([[User talk:CAnanian (WMF)|talk]]) 23:14, 27 November 2024 (UTC) == Tech News: 2024-49 == <section begin="technews-2024-W49"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Two new parser functions were added this week. The <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interwikilink|#interwikilink]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interwiki links|interwiki link]] and the <code dir="ltr"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interlanguagelink|#interlanguagelink]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interlanguage links|interlanguage link]]. These parser functions are useful on wikis where namespaces conflict with interwiki prefixes. For example, links beginning with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>MOS:</code></bdi> on English Wikipedia [[phab:T363538|conflict with the <code>mos</code> language code prefix of Mooré Wikipedia]]. * Starting this week, Wikimedia wikis no longer support connections using old RSA-based HTTPS certificates, specifically rsa-2048. This change is to improve security for all users. Some older, unsupported browser or smartphone devices will be unable to connect; Instead, they will display a connectivity error. See the [[wikitech:HTTPS/Browser_Recommendations|HTTPS Browser Recommendations page]] for more-detailed information. All modern operating systems and browsers are always able to reach Wikimedia projects. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/CTYEHVNSXUD3NFAAMG3BLZVTVQWJXJAH/] * Starting December 16, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: <bdi>arwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>cawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>frwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>mediawikiwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>orwiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>wawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>wawiktionary</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>wikidatawiki</bdi>{{int:comma-separator/en}}<bdi>zhwiki</bdi>. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380910] * This month the Chart extension was deployed to production and is now available on Commons and Testwiki. With the security review complete, pilot wiki deployment is expected to start in the first week of December. You can see a working version [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details. * View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug with the "Download as PDF" system was fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376438] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * In late February, temporary accounts will be rolled out on at least 10 large wikis. This deployment will have a significant effect on the community-maintained code. This is about Toolforge tools, bots, gadgets, and user scripts that use IP address data or that are available for logged-out users. The Trust and Safety Product team wants to identify this code, monitor it, and assist in updating it ahead of the deployment to minimize disruption to workflows. The team asks technical editors and volunteer developers to help identify such tools by adding them to [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/Impacted tools|this list]]. In addition, review the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|updated documentation]] to learn how to adjust the tools. Join the discussions on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|project talk page]] or in the [[discord:channels/221049808784326656/1227616742340034722|dedicated thread]] on the [[w:Wikipedia:Discord|Wikimedia Community Discord server (in English)]] for support and to share feedback. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W49"/> == Introducing Let’s Connect == Hello Incubator editors, I hope that you are in good spirits. My name is [[User:Owula kpakpo|Justice Okai-Allotey]] and I am a part of the [[metawiki:Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Team|Let’s Connect working group]] - a team of movement contributors/organizers and liaisons for 7 regions : '''MENA | South Asia | East, South East Asia, Pacific | Sub-Saharan Africa | Central & Eastern Europe | Northern & Western | Latina America. ''' ===Why are we outreaching to you?=== Wikimedia has 18 projects, and 17 that are solely run by the community, other than the Wikimedia Foundation. We want to hear from sister projects that some of us in the movement are not too familiar with and would like to know more about. We always want to hear from Wikipedia, but we also want to meet and hear from the community members in other sister projects too. We would like to hear your story and learn about the work you and your community do. You can review our past learning clinics [[metawiki:Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Calendar|here]]. We want to invite community members who are: * Part of an organized group, official or not * A formally recognized affiliate or not * An individual who will bring their knowledge back to their community * An individual who wants to train others in their community on the learnings they received from the learning clinics. '''To participate as a sharer and become a member of the Let’s Connect community you can sign up through this [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdiea87tSYmB2-1XHn_u8RLe7efMJifJBzffIM-6rtpx0PWqw/viewform registration form].''' Once you have registered, if you are interested, you can get to know the team via Google meets or Zoom to brainstorm an idea for a potential learning clinic about ''' Incubator '''or just say hello and meet the team. Please email us at letsconnectteam@wikimedia.org. We look forward to hearing from you :) Best, '''Justice Okai-Allotey''' Let’s Connect Working Group Member [[File:Let's Connect logo.svg|100px|Let's_Connect_logo]] [[User:Owula kpakpo|Owula kpakpo]] ([[User talk:Owula kpakpo|talk]]) 14:28, 5 December 2024 (UTC) <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:19, 2 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27873992 --> == Tech News: 2024-50 == <section begin="technews-2024-W50"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Technical documentation contributors can find updated resources, and new ways to connect with each other and the Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team, at the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Documentation|Documentation hub]] on MediaWiki.org. This page links to: resources for writing and improving documentation, a new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">#wikimedia-techdocs</bdi> IRC channel on libera.chat, a listing of past and upcoming documentation events, and ways to request a documentation consultation or review. If you have any feedback or ideas for improvements to the documentation ecosystem, please [[mw:Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team#Contact us|contact the Technical Documentation Team]]. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Edit Check on Desktop.png|thumb|Layout change for the Edit Check feature]] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] will be relocated to a sidebar on desktop. Edit check is the feature for new editors to help them follow policies and guidelines. This layout change creates space to present people with [[mw:Edit check#1 November 2024|new Checks]] that appear ''while'' they are typing. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#Reference Check A/B Test|initial results]] show newcomers encountering Edit Check are 2.2 times more likely to publish a new content edit that includes a reference and is not reverted. * The Chart extension, which enables editors to create data visualizations, was successfully made available on MediaWiki.org and three pilot wikis (Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedias). You can see a working examples [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details. * Translators in wikis where the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now discover articles in Wikiproject campaigns of their interest from the "[https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=specialcx&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=collections&active-list=suggestions&from=es&to=en All collection]" category in the articles suggestion feature. Wikiproject Campaign organizers can use this feature, to help translators to discover articles of interest, by adding the <code dir=ltr><nowiki><page-collection> </page-collection></nowiki></code> tag to their campaign article list page on Meta-wiki. This will make those articles discoverable in the Content Translation tool. For more detailed information on how to use the tool and tag, please refer to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based & Community-defined lists/How to use the features|the step-by-step guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378958] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, now has a [[phab:T376379#10310998|multiselect filter for namespace selection]]. This enables users to select multiple specific namespaces, instead of only one or all, when fetching pages for deletion. * The Nuke feature also now [[phab:T364225#10371365|provides links]] to the userpage of the user whose pages were deleted, and to the pages which were not selected for deletion, after page deletions are queued. This enables easier follow-up admin-actions. Thanks to Chlod and the Moderator Tools team for both of these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364225#10371365] * The Editing Team is working on making it easier to populate citations from archive.org using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|Citoid]] tool, the auto-filled citation generator. They are asking communities to add two parameters preemptively, <code dir=ltr>archiveUrl</code> and <code dir=ltr>archiveDate</code>, within the TemplateData for each citation template using Citoid. You can see an [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACite_web%2Fdoc&diff=1261320172&oldid=1260788022 example of a change in a template], and a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?namespaces=10&q=%5C%22citoid%5C%22%3A%20%5C%7B&regex=1&title= list of all relevant templates]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374831] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9240|Indonesian]] ([[voy:id:|<code>voy:id:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380726] * Last week, all wikis had problems serving pages to logged-in users and some logged-out users for 30–45 minutes. This was caused by a database problem, and investigation is ongoing. [https://www.wikimediastatus.net/incidents/3g2ckc7bp6l9] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add Link]] feature has been fixed. Previously, the list of sections which are excluded from Add Link was partially ignored in certain cases. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380455][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380329] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, now has an early-stage [[git:design/codex-php|implementation in PHP]]. It is available for general use in MediaWiki extensions and Toolforge apps through [https://packagist.org/packages/wikimedia/codex Composer], with use in MediaWiki core coming soon. More information is available in [[wmdoc:design-codex-php/main/index.html|the documentation]]. Thanks to Doğu for the inspiration and many contributions to the library. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379662] * [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. On December 4, the MediaWiki Interfaces team began rerouting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content endpoints on [[testwiki:|testwiki]] from RESTbase to comparable MediaWiki REST API endpoints. The team encourages active users of these endpoints to verify their tool's behavior on testwiki and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]] before the end of the year, as they intend to roll out the same change across all Wikimedia projects in early January. These changes are part of the work to replace the outdated [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|RESTBase]] system. * The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/986172 2024 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 3 January 2025, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:Developer Satisfaction Survey 2024 Privacy Statement|privacy statement]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar] '''Meetings and events''' * The next meeting in the series of [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation discussions with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12 December 2024 08:00 UTC|December 12 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12_December 2024 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is new media and new contributors. Contributors from all wikis are welcome to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W50"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:12, 9 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27919424 --> == Tech News: 2024-51 == <section begin="technews-2024-W51"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Interested in improving event management on your home wiki? The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] offers organizers features like event registration management, event/wikiproject promotion, finding potential participants, and more - all directly on-wiki. If you are an organizer or think your community would benefit from this extension, start a discussion to enable it on your wiki today. To learn more about how to enable this extension on your wiki, visit the [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|deployment status page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in Italy and Mexico on the Italian, Spanish, and English Wikipedias, can see a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review|personalized Year in Review]] with insights based on their reading and editing history. * Users of the Android Wikipedia App in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia can see the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Rabbit Holes|Rabbit Holes]] feature. This feature shows a suggested search term in the Search bar based on the current article being viewed, and a suggested reading list generated from the user’s last two visited articles. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|global reminder bot]] is now active and running on nearly 800 wikis. This service reminds most users holding temporary rights when they are about to expire, so that they can renew should they want to. See [[m:Global reminder bot/Technical details|the technical details page]] for more information. * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 13 January 2025 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was [[phab:T374988|fixed]] in the Android Wikipedia App which had caused translatable SVG images to show the wrong language when they were tapped. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There is no new MediaWiki version next week. The next deployments will start on 14 January. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar/2025] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2024-W51"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:21, 16 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=27942374 --> == ''The Signpost'': 24 December 2024 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/News and notes|Responsibilities and liabilities as a "Very Large Online Platform"]] * Op-ed: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/Op-ed|Beeblebrox on Wikipediocracy, the Committee, and everything]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/Opinion|Graham87 on being the first-ever administrator recall subject]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/In the media|Delhi High Court considers ''Caravan'' and ''Ken'' for evaluating the ANI vs. WMF case]] * From the archives: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/From the archives|Where to draw the line in reporting?]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/Recent research|"Wikipedia editors are quite prosocial", but those motivated by "social image" may put quantity over quality]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/Humour|Backlash over Santa Claus' Wikipedia article intensifies]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/Gallery|A feast of holidays and carols]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2024-12-24/Traffic report|Was a long and dark December]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 00:04, 25 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=27936465 --> == Tech News: 2025-03 == <section begin="technews-2025-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Single User Login system is being updated over the next few months. This is the system which allows users to fill out the login form on one Wikimedia site and get logged in on all others at the same time. It needs to be updated because of the ways that browsers are increasingly restricting cross-domain cookies. To accommodate these restrictions, login and account creation pages will move to a central domain, but it will still appear to the user as if they are on the originating wiki. The updated code will be enabled this week for users on test wikis. This change is planned to roll out to all users during February and March. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and a timeline. '''Updates for editors''' * On wikis with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments|PageAssessments]] installed, you can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments#Search|filter search results]] to pages in a given WikiProject by using the <code dir=ltr>inproject:</code> keyword. (These wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-huwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378868] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34129|Tigre]] ([[w:tig:|<code>w:tig:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381377] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with updating a user's edit-count after making a rollback edit, which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382592] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia REST API users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. Starting the week of January 13, we will begin rerouting [[phab:T374683|some page content endpoints]] from RESTbase to the newer MediaWiki REST API endpoints for all wiki projects. This change was previously available on testwiki and should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints may raise issues directly to the [[phab:project/view/6931/|MediaWiki Interfaces Team]] in Phabricator if they arise. * Toolforge tool maintainers can now share their feedback on Toolforge UI, an initiative to provide a web platform that allows creating and managing Toolforge tools through a graphic interface, in addition to existing command-line workflows. This project aims to streamline active maintainers’ tasks, as well as make registration and deployment processes more accessible for new tool creators. The initiative is still at a very early stage, and the Cloud Services team is in the process of collecting feedback from the Toolforge community to help shape the solution to their needs. [[wikitech:Wikimedia Cloud Services team/EnhancementProposals/Toolforge UI|Read more and share your thoughts about Toolforge UI]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] For tool and library developers who use the OAuth system: The identity endpoint used for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user|OAuth 1]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user 2|OAuth 2]] returned a JSON object with an integer in its <code>sub</code> field, which was incorrect (the field must always be a string). This has been fixed; the fix will be deployed to Wikimedia wikis on the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382139] * Many wikis currently use [[:mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|Cite CSS]] to render custom footnote markers in Parsoid output. Starting January 20 these rules will be disabled, but the developers ask you to ''not'' clean up your <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]</bdi> until February 20 to avoid issues during the migration. Your wikis might experience some small changes to footnote markers in Visual Editor and when using experimental Parsoid read mode, but if there are changes these are expected to bring the rendering in line with the legacy parser output. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370027] '''Meetings and events''' * The next meeting in the series of [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation Community Conversations with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 08:00 UTC|January 15 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is defining the priorities in tool investment for Commons. Contributors from all wikis, especially users who are maintaining tools for Commons, are welcome to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W03"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:38, 14 January 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28048614 --> == ''The Signpost'': 15 January 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * From the editors: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/From the editors|Looking back, looking forward]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Traffic report|The most viewed articles of 2024]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/In the media|Will you be targeted?]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Technology report|New Calculator template brings interactivity at last]] * Essay: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Essay|Meet the Canadian who holds the longest editing streak on Wikipedia]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Opinion|Reflections one score hence]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/News and notes|It's a new dawn, it's a new day, it's a new life for me... and I'm feeling free]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Serendipity|What we've left behind, and where we want to go next]] * Op-ed: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Op-ed|Elon Musk and the right on Wikipedia]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/In focus|Twenty years of The Signpost: What did it take?]] * Arbitration report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Arbitration report|Analyzing commonalities of some contentious topics]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-01-15/Humour|How to make friends on Wikipedia]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 07:57, 15 January 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28061132 --> == Launching! Join Us for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025! == Dear All, We’re happy to announce the launch of [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]], an annual international campaign dedicated to celebrating and preserving Islamic cultures and history through the power of Wikipedia. As an active contributor to the Local Wikipedia, you are specially invited to participate in the launch. This year’s campaign will be launched for you to join us write, edit, and improve articles that showcase the richness and diversity of Islamic traditions, history, and culture. * Topic: [[m:Event:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch]] * When: Jan 19, 2025 * Time: 16:00 Universal Time UTC and runs throughout Ramadan (starting February 25, 2025). * Join Zoom Meeting: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88420056597?pwd=NdrpqIhrwAVPeWB8FNb258n7qngqqo.1 * Zoom meeting hosted by [[m:Wikimedia Bangladesh|Wikimedia Bangladesh]] To get started, visit the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|campaign page]] for details, resources, and guidelines: Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025. Add [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Participant|your community here]], and organized Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 in your local language. Whether you’re a first-time editor or an experienced Wikipedian, your contributions matter. Together, we can ensure Islamic cultures and traditions are well-represented and accessible to all. Feel free to invite your community and friends too. Kindly reach out if you have any questions or need support as you prepare to participate. Let’s make Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 a success! For the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Team|International Team]] 12:08, 16 January 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=27568454 --> == Tech News: 2025-04 == <section begin="technews-2025-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Administrators can mass-delete multiple pages created by a user or IP address using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Extension:Nuke]]. It previously only allowed deletion of pages created in the last 30 days. It can now delete pages from the last 90 days, provided it is targeting a specific user or IP address. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380846] * On [[phab:P72148|wikis that use]] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Patrolled edits|Patrolled edits]] feature, when the rollback feature is used to revert an unpatrolled page revision, that revision will now be marked as "manually patrolled" instead of "autopatrolled", which is more accurate. Some editors that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Filtering|filters]] on Recent Changes may need to update their filter settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302140] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Visual Editor's "Insert link" feature did not always suggest existing pages properly when an editor started typing, which has now been [[phab:T383497|fixed]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is being progressively removed from the wikis. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|The last group of wikis]] ({{int:project-localized-name-cawikiquote/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwikimedia/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwikibooks/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewikimedia/en}}) will soon be contacted. If you have questions about this process, please ping [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] at your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380912] * The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical_Community_Newsletter/2025/January|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: updates about services from the Data Platform Engineering teams, information about Codex from the Design System team, and more. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W04"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:33, 21 January 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28129769 --> == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 01:10, 24 January 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27746256 --> == Tech News: 2025-05 == <section begin="technews-2025-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Patrollers and admins - what information or context about edits or users could help you to make patroller or admin decisions more quickly or easily? The Wikimedia Foundation wants to hear from you to help guide its upcoming annual plan. Please consider sharing your thoughts on this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|13 other questions]] to shape the technical direction for next year. '''Updates for editors''' * iOS Wikipedia App users worldwide can now access a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review/How your data is used|personalized Year in Review]] feature, which provides insights based on their reading and editing history on Wikipedia. This project is part of a broader effort to help welcome new readers as they discover and interact with encyclopedic content. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Edit patrollers now have a new feature available that can highlight potentially problematic new pages. When a page is created with the same title as a page which was previously deleted, a tag ('Recreated') will now be added, which users can filter for in [[{{#special:RecentChanges}}]] and [[{{#special:NewPages}}]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T56145] * Later this week, there will be a new warning for editors if they attempt to create a redirect that links to another redirect (a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects#Double redirects|double redirect]]). The feature will recommend that they link directly to the second redirect's target page. Thanks to the user SomeRandomDeveloper for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326056] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia wikis allow [[w:en:WebAuthn|WebAuthn]]-based second factor checks (such as hardware tokens) during login, but the feature is [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Fix security key (WebAuthn) support|fragile]] and has very few users. The MediaWiki Platform team is temporarily disabling adding new WebAuthn keys, to avoid interfering with the rollout of [[mw:MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3]] (single user login version 3). Existing keys are unaffected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378402] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * For developers that use the [[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake/Edits/MediaWiki history dumps|MediaWiki History dumps]]: The Data Platform Engineering team has added a couple of new fields to these dumps, to support the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] initiative. If you maintain software that reads those dumps, please review your code and the updated documentation, since the order of the fields in the row will change. There will also be one field rename: in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mediawiki_user_history</code></bdi> dump, the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>anonymous</code></bdi> field will be renamed to <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>is_anonymous</code></bdi>. The changes will take effect with the next release of the dumps in February. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LKMFDS62TXGDN6L56F4ABXYLN7CSCQDI/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W05"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:11, 27 January 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28149374 --> == Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{Int:Please-translate}}. This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:48, 3 February 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28198931 --> == Tech News: 2025-06 == <section begin="technews-2025-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors who use the "Special characters" editing-toolbar menu can now see the 32 special characters you have used most recently, across editing sessions on that wiki. This change should help make it easier to find the characters you use most often. The feature is in both the 2010 wikitext editor and VisualEditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T110722] * Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor can now create sublists with correct indentation by selecting the line(s) you want to indent and then clicking the toolbar buttons.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380438] You can now also insert <code><nowiki><code></nowiki></code> tags using a new toolbar button.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383010] Thanks to user stjn for these improvements. * Help is needed to ensure the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]] works properly on each wiki. ** (1) Administrators should update the local versions of the page <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json</code> to include entries for <code dir=ltr>preprint</code>, <code dir=ltr>standard</code>, and <code dir=ltr>dataset</code>; Here are example diffs to replicate [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&diff=1189164774&oldid=1165783565 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&diff=1270832208&oldid=1270828390 for 'standard' and 'dataset']. ** (2.1) If the citoid map in the citation template used for these types of references is missing, [[mediawikiwiki:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki#Step 2.a: Create a 'citoid' maps value for each citation template|one will need to be added]]. (2.2) If the citoid map does exist, the TemplateData will need to be updated to include new field names. Here are example updates [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&diff=1270829051&oldid=1262470053 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&diff=1270831369&oldid=1270829480 for 'standard' and 'dataset']. The new fields that may need to be supported are <code dir=ltr>archiveID</code>, <code dir=ltr>identifier</code>, <code dir=ltr>repository</code>, <code dir=ltr>organization</code>, <code dir=ltr>repositoryLocation</code>, <code dir=ltr>committee</code>, and <code dir=ltr>versionNumber</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383666] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q15637215|Central Kanuri]] ([[w:knc:|<code>w:knc:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385181] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Wikisource/Wikimedia OCR|OCR (optical character recognition) tool]] used for Wikisource now supports a new language, Church Slavonic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384782] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W06"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:05, 4 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28203495 --> == ''The Signpost'': 7 February 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-07/Recent research|GPT-4 writes better edit summaries than human Wikipedians]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-07/News and notes|Let's talk!]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-07/Opinion|Fathoms Below, but over the moon]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-07/In the media|Wikipedia is an extension of legacy media propaganda, says Elon Musk]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-07/Community view|24th Wikipedia Day in New York City]] * Arbitration report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-07/Arbitration report|Palestine-Israel articles 5 has closed]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-07/Traffic report|A wild drive]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 01:59, 7 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28179470 --> == Tech News: 2025-07 == <section begin="technews-2025-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Product and Technology Advisory Council (PTAC) has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|a draft of their recommendations]] for the Wikimedia Foundation's Product and Technology department. They have recommended focusing on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback/Mobile experiences|mobile experiences]], particularly contributions. They request community [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|feedback at the talk page]] by 21 February. '''Updates for editors''' * The "Special pages" portlet link will be moved from the "Toolbox" into the "Navigation" section of the main menu's sidebar by default. This change is because the Toolbox is intended for tools relating to the current page, not tools relating to the site, so the link will be more logically and consistently located. To modify this behavior and update CSS styling, administrators can follow the instructions at [[phab:T385346|T385346]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333211] * As part of this year's work around improving the ways readers discover content on the wikis, the Web team will be running an experiment with a small number of readers that displays some suggestions for related or interesting articles within the search bar. Please check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments#Experiment 1: Display article recommendations in more prominent locations, search|the project page]] for more information. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template editors who use TemplateStyles can now customize output for users with specific accessibility needs by using accessibility related media queries (<code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion prefers-reduced-motion]</code>, <code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-transparency prefers-reduced-transparency]</code>, <code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-contrast prefers-contrast]</code>, and <code dir=ltr>[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/forced-colors forced-colors]</code>). Thanks to user Bawolff for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384175] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the global blocks log will now be shown directly on the {{#special:CentralAuth}} page, similarly to global locks, to simplify the workflows for stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377024] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Wikidata [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Default values for labels and aliases|now supports a special language as a "default for all languages"]] for labels and aliases. This is to avoid excessive duplication of the same information across many languages. If your Wikidata queries use labels, you may need to update them as some existing labels are getting removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312511] * The function <code dir="ltr">getDescription</code> was invoked on every Wiki page read and accounts for ~2.5% of a page's total load time. The calculated value will now be cached, reducing load on Wikimedia servers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383660] * As part of the RESTBase deprecation [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|effort]], the <code dir="ltr">/page/related</code> endpoint has been blocked as of February 6, 2025, and will be removed soon. This timeline was chosen to align with the deprecation schedules for older Android and iOS versions. The stable alternative is the "<code dir="ltr">morelike</code>" action API in MediaWiki, and [[gerrit:c/mediawiki/services/mobileapps/+/982154/13/pagelib/src/transform/FooterReadMore.js|a migration example]] is available. The MediaWiki Interfaces team [[phab:T376297|can be contacted]] for any questions. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/GFC2IJO7L4BWO3YTM7C5HF4MCCBE2RJ2/] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: Updates about the "Contribute" menu; details on some of the newest language editions of Wikipedia; details on new languages supported by the MediaWiki interface; updates on the Community-defined lists feature; and more. * The latest [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#January 2025: Better visibility into charts and tabular data usage|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on the progress towards bringing better visibility into global charts usage and support for categorizing pages in the Data namespace on Commons. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W07"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:08, 11 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28231022 --> == Tech News: 2025-08 == <section begin="technews-2025-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Communities using growth tools can now showcase one event on the <code>{{#special:Homepage}}</code> for newcomers. This feature will help newcomers to be informed about editing activities they can participate in. Administrators can create a new event to showcase at <code>{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}</code>. To learn more about this feature, please read [[diffblog:2025/02/12/community-updates-module-connecting-newcomers-to-your-initiatives/|the Diff post]], have a look [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Community updates module|at the documentation]], or contact [[mw:Talk:Growth|the Growth team]]. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|thumb|Highlighted talk pages improvements]] * Starting next week, talk pages at these wikis – {{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}} – will get [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|a new design]]. This change was extensively tested as a Beta feature and is the last step of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|talk pages improvements]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379102] * You can now navigate to view a redirect page directly from its action pages, such as the history page. Previously, you were forced to first go to the redirect target. This change should help editors who work with redirects a lot. Thanks to user stjn for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5324] * When a Cite reference is reused many times, wikis currently show either numbers like "1.23" or localized alphabetic markers like "a b c" in the reference list. Previously, if there were so many reuses that the alphabetic markers were all used, [[MediaWiki:Cite error references no backlink label|an error message]] was displayed. As part of the work to [[phab:T383036|modernize Cite customization]], these errors will no longer be shown and instead the backlinks will fall back to showing numeric markers like "1.23" once the alphabetic markers are all used. * The log entries for each change to an editor's user-groups are now clearer by specifying exactly what has changed, instead of the plain before and after listings. Translators can [[phab:T369466|help to update the localized versions]]. Thanks to user Msz2001 for these improvements. * A new filter has been added to the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool, which allows administrators to mass delete pages, to enable users to filter for pages in a range of page sizes (in bytes). This allows, for example, deleting pages only of a certain size or below. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378488] * Non-administrators can now check which pages are able to be deleted using the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool. Thanks to user MolecularPilot for this and the previous improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376378] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed in the configuration for the AV1 video file format, which enables these files to play again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382193] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to most Wiktionaries over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyage to Parsoid Read Views last year. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385923][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371640] * Developers of tools that run on-wiki should note that <code dir=ltr>mw.Uri</code> is deprecated. Tools requiring <code dir=ltr>mw.Uri</code> must explicitly declare <code dir=ltr>mediawiki.Uri</code> as a ResourceLoader dependency, and should migrate to the browser native <code dir=ltr>URL</code> API soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384515] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W08"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:14, 17 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28275610 --> == Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter == <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone! [[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]] We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''. This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba. '''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''. Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language & Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]]. We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there! <section end="message"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 08:28, 22 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28217779 --> == Tech News: 2025-09 == <section begin="technews-2025-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Administrators can now customize how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User language|Babel feature]] creates categories using [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Babel}}]]. They can rename language categories, choose whether they should be auto-created, and adjust other settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374348] * The <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://www.wikimedia.org/ wikimedia.org]</bdi> portal has been updated – and is receiving some ongoing improvements – to modernize and improve the accessibility of our portal pages. It now has better support for mobile layouts, updated wording and links, and better language support. Additionally, all of the Wikimedia project portals, such as <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://wikibooks.org wikibooks.org]</bdi>, now support dark mode when a reader is using that system setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373204][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368221][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Project_portals] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33965|Santali]] ([[wikt:sat:|<code>wikt:sat:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386619] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that prevented clicking on search results in the web-interface for some Firefox for Android phone configurations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381289] '''Meetings and events''' * The next Language Community Meeting is happening soon, February 28th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1740751200 14:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: highlights and technical updates on keyboard and tools for the Sámi languages, Translatewiki.net contributions from the Bahasa Lampung community in Indonesia, and technical Q&A. If you'd like to join, simply [[mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#28 February 2025|sign up on the wiki page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W09"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:37, 25 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28296129 --> == ''The Signpost'': 27 February 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/News and notes|Administrator elections up for reapproval and 1bil GET snagged on Commons]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Serendipity|Guinea-Bissau Heritage from Commons to the World]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Technology report|Hear that? The wikis go silent twice a year]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/In the media|The end of the world]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Recent research|What's known about how readers navigate Wikipedia; Italian Wikipedia hardest to read]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Opinion|Sennecaster's RfA debriefing]] * Tips and tricks: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Tips and tricks|One year after this article is posted, will every single article on Wikipedia have a short description?]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Community view|Open letter from French Wikipedians says "no" to intimidation of volunteer contributors]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Traffic report|Temporary scars, February stars]] * Essay: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Essay|The source, the whole source, and nothing but the source]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-02-27/Obituary|Ümüt Çınar (Kmoksy) and Vinícius Medina Kern (Vmkern)]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 10:31, 27 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28313070 --> == Tech News: 2025-10 == <section begin="technews-2025-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * All logged-in editors using the mobile view can now edit a full page. The "{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}" link is accessible from the "{{int:minerva-page-actions-overflow}}" menu in the toolbar. This was previously only available to editors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|Advanced mobile contributions]] setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387180] * Interface administrators can now help to remove the deprecated Cite CSS code matching "<code dir="ltr">mw-ref</code>" from their local <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]</bdi>. The list of wikis in need of cleanup, and the code to remove, [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-ref%5B%5E-a-z%5D&regex=1&namespaces=8&title=.*css can be found with this global search] and in [https://ace.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&oldid=145662#L-139--L-144 this example], and you can learn more about how to help on the [[mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|CSS migration project page]]. The Cite footnote markers ("<code dir="ltr">[1]</code>") are now rendered by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]], and the deprecated CSS is no longer needed. The CSS for backlinks ("<code dir="ltr">mw:referencedBy</code>") should remain in place for now. This cleanup is expected to cause no visible changes for readers. Please help to remove this code before March 20, after which the development team will do it for you. * When editors embed a file (e.g. <code><nowiki>[[File:MediaWiki.png]]</nowiki></code>) on a page that is protected with cascading protection, the software will no longer restrict edits to the file description page, only to new file uploads.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24521] In contrast, transcluding a file description page (e.g. <code><nowiki>{{:File:MediaWiki.png}}</nowiki></code>) will now restrict edits to the page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62109] * When editors revert a file to an earlier version it will now require the same permissions as ordinarily uploading a new version of the file. The software now checks for 'reupload' or 'reupload-own' rights,[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304474] and respects cascading protection.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140010] * When administrators are listing pages for deletion with the Nuke tool, they can now also list associated talk pages and redirects for deletion, alongside pages created by the target, rather than needing to manually delete these pages afterwards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T95797] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|previously noted]] update to Single User Login, which will accommodate browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies by moving login and account creation to a central domain, will now roll out to all users during March and April. The team plans to enable it for all new account creation on [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Tuesday|Group0]] wikis this week. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and an updated timeline. * Since last week there has been a bug that shows some interface icons as black squares until the page has fully loaded. It will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387351] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q2044560|Sylheti]] ([[w:syl:|<code>w:syl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386441] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed with loading images in very old versions of the Firefox browser on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386400] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W10"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 02:27, 4 March 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28334563 --> == Growth Newsletter #33 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Growth_team_logo_-_Icon_only.svg|right|frameless|class=skin-invert]] ''A quarterly update from the Growth team on our work to improve the new editor experience.'' === [[mw:Growth/Constructive activation experimentation|Constructive Activation Experiments]] === This year, the Growth team is exploring ways to help more new account holders start editing—and do so constructively, meaning their edits are not reverted. Our latest experiments include: * '''Gradual rollout of "Add a Link" at English Wikipedia''' – We are gradually introducing the "Add a Link" structured task to newcomers at English Wikipedia ([[phab:T386029|T386029]]). This serves as a natural A/B test to measure its impact on activation, retention, and revert rates ([[phab:T382603|T382603]]). Previous experiments on pilot wikis showed that "Add a Link" increases newcomer participation, particularly by helping them make constructive (non-reverted) edits. * '''Testing in-article suggestions for first-time editors''' – Many new account holders want to contribute but don’t know where to start. To help, we’re piloting a feature that surfaces structured task suggestions directly in an article’s read view for brand-new editors ([[phab:T385343|T385343]]). These suggestions will appear for logged-in users with no edits, providing a clear, simple way to begin contributing that is surfaced while they read. === [[mw:Help:Growth/Tools/Community updates module|Community Updates]] === Newcomers often struggle to find their place in Wikipedia’s collaborative environment. While experienced editors easily discover events like edit-a-thons and writing campaigns, newcomers often miss out. * To bridge this gap, we launched the '''Community Updates''' module for the Newcomer Homepage. This module is disabled by default, allowing Community Admins to decide how (or if) to use it. * If your community hosts events, consider setting up a Community Update to engage and welcome newcomers! [[diffblog:2025/02/12/community-updates-module-connecting-newcomers-to-your-initiatives|Learn more on Diff]]. To configure, visit Special:CommunityConfiguration. === [[mw:Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] === Community Configuration is now available across all wikis, including non-Wikipedia projects ([[phab:T383910|T383910]]). Community Configuration allows admins to customize various features like Growth features and Automoderator for their communities, and more recently the Babel extension now allows admins to modify configuration: * '''Babel customization''' – Admins can now configure Babel settings ([[phab:T374348|T374348]]), including category naming, automatic category creation, and more. See an example on [[commons:Special:CommunityConfiguration/Babel|Wikimedia Commons]]. * '''Upcoming configurable features''' – Projects exploring community configuration options include: '''[[metawiki:Incident_Reporting_System|Incident Reporting System]]''' ([[phab:T374113|T374113]]) and '''[[phab:T384444|Cite backlinks]]''' ([[phab:T378807|T378807]]). === [[mw:Growth/Feature summary#Mentorship 2|Mentorship]] === Mentors play a key role in guiding new editors. If you’re interested in mentoring, or turning mentorship on at your wiki, check out the [[mw:Growth/FAQ#Mentorship|Mentorship FAQ]] * Starting February 17, 100% of new accounts at English Wikipedia will be assigned a mentor ([[phab:T384505|T384505]]). * At Spanish Wikipedia, on 50% of newcomers get a mentor. Experienced contributors are encouraged to [[:es:Especial:Gestionar_mentores|join mentorship]] so that Spanish Wikipedia can provide a mentor to all new users. === Looking Ahead === In the coming months, we will continue balancing maintenance work—such as deprecating EditGrowth Config ([[phab:T367574|T367574]]) and migrating Statslib ([[phab:T359352|T359352]]) — with user-facing improvements that support new editors and foster the next generation of contributors. ''<small>'''[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth team's newsletter]]''' prepared by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|the Growth team]] and posted by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[mw:Talk:Growth|Give feedback]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Growth team updates|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].</small>'' </div> 19:00, 4 March 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Growth_team_updates&oldid=28323658 --> == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 18:50, 7 March 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28307738 --> == Tech News: 2025-11 == <section begin="technews-2025-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors who use password managers at multiple wikis may notice changes in the future. The way that our wikis provide information to password managers about reusing passwords across domains has recently been updated, so some password managers might now offer you login credentials that you saved for a different Wikimedia site. Some password managers already did this, and are now doing it for more Wikimedia domains. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3 project]] which aims to improve how our unified login works, and to keep it compatible with ongoing changes to the web-browsers we use. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385520][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384844] * The Wikipedia Apps Team is inviting interested users to help improve Wikipedia’s offline and limited internet use. After discussions in [[m:Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]] and the last [[m:Special:MyLanguage/ESEAP Hub/Meetings|ESEAP call]], key challenges like search, editing, and offline access are being explored, with upcoming focus groups to dive deeper into these topics. All languages are welcome, and interpretation will be available. Want to share your thoughts? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Improving Wikipedia Mobile Apps for Offline & Limited Internet Use|Join the discussion]] or email <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">aramadan@wikimedia.org</bdi>! * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 19. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/33|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the launch of the Community Updates module, the most recent changes in Community Configuration, and the upcoming test of in-article suggestions for first-time editors. * An old API that was previously used in the Android Wikipedia app is being removed at the end of March. There are no current software uses, but users of the app with a version that is older than 6 months by the time of removal (2025-03-31), will no longer have access to the Suggested Edits feature, until they update their app. You can [[diffblog:2025/02/24/sunset-of-wikimedia-recommendation-api/|read more details about this change]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W11"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:05, 10 March 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28372257 --> == Your wiki will be in read-only soon == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-03-19|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-03-19T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-03-19T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-03-19|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:14, 14 March 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=28307742 --> == Tech News: 2025-12 == <section begin="technews-2025-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Twice a year, around the equinoxes, the Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team performs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|a datacenter server switchover]], redirecting all traffic from one primary server to its backup. This provides reliability in case of a crisis, as we can always fall back on the other datacenter. [http://listen.hatnote.com/ Thanks to the Listen to Wikipedia] tool, you can hear the switchover take place: Before it begins, you'll hear the steady stream of edits; Then, as the system enters a brief read-only phase, the sound stops for a couple of minutes, before resuming after the switchover. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. If you want to keep an ear out for the next server switchover, listen to the wikis on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 March 19 at 14:00 UTC]. '''Updates for editors''' * The [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=es improved Content Translation tool dashboard] is now available in [[phab:T387820|10 Wikipedias]] and will be available for all Wikipedias [[phab:T387821|soon]]. With [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|the unified dashboard]], desktop users can now: Translate new sections of an article; Discover and access topic-based [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=ig&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits article suggestion filters] (initially available only for mobile device users); Discover and access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based & Community-defined lists|Community-defined lists]] filter, also known as "Collections", from wiki-projects and campaigns. * On Wikimedia Commons, a [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements#Improve category selection|new system to select the appropriate file categories]] has been introduced: if a category has one or more subcategories, users will be able to click on an arrow that will open the subcategories directly within the form, and choose the correct one. The parent category name will always be shown on top, and it will always be possible to come back to it. This should decrease the amount of work for volunteers in fixing/creating new categories. The change is also available on mobile. These changes are part of planned improvements to the UploadWizard. * The Community Tech team is seeking wikis to join a pilot for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] feature and a refreshed Special:Block page in late March. Multiblocks enables administrators to impose multiple different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. If you are an admin or steward and would like us to discuss joining the pilot with your community, please leave a message on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|project talk page]]. * Starting March 25, the Editing team will test a new feature for Edit Check at [[phab:T384372|12 Wikipedias]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi-check|Multi-Check]]. Half of the newcomers on these wikis will see all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Checks]] during their edit session, while the other half will continue seeing only one. The goal of this test is to see if users are confused or discouraged when shown multiple Reference Checks (when relevant) within a single editing session. At these wikis, the tags used on edits that show References Check will be simplified, as multiple tags could be shown within a single edit. Changes to the tags are documented [[phab:T373949|on Phabricator]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379131] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]], which is a service for notifying users that their temporary user-rights are about to expire, now supports using the localized name of the user-rights group in the message heading. Translators can see the [[m:Global reminder bot/Translation|listing of existing translations and documentation]] to check if their language needs updating or creation. * The [[Special:GlobalPreferences|GlobalPreferences]] gender setting, which is used for how the software should refer to you in interface messages, now works as expected by overriding the local defaults. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386584] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:26}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:26|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Wikipedia App for Android had a bug fixed for when a user is browsing and searching in multiple languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379777] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Later this week, the way that Codex styles are loaded will be changing. There is a small risk that this may result in unstyled interface message boxes on certain pages. User generated content (e.g. templates) is not impacted. Gadgets may be impacted. If you see any issues [[phab:T388847|please report them]]. See the linked task for details, screenshots, and documentation on how to fix any affected gadgets. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W12"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:44, 17 March 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28412594 --> == ''The Signpost'': 22 March 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * From the editor: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/From the editor|''Hanami'']] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/News and notes|Deeper look at takedowns targeting Wikipedia]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/In the media|The good, the bad, and the unusual]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/Recent research|Explaining the disappointing history of Flagged Revisions; and what's the impact of ChatGPT on Wikipedia so far?]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/Traffic report|All the world's a stage, we are merely players...]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/Gallery|WikiPortraits rule!]] * Essay: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/Essay|Unusual biographical images]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-03-22/Obituary|Rest in peace]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 03:11, 22 March 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28391577 --> == Tech News: 2025-13 == <section begin="technews-2025-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking your feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|drafts of the objectives and key results that will shape the Foundation's Product and Technology priorities]] for the next fiscal year (starting in July). The objectives are broad high-level areas, and the key-results are measurable ways to track the success of their objectives. Please share your feedback on the talkpage, in any language, ideally before the end of April. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] will be released to multiple wikis (see [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|deployment plan]] for details) in April 2025, and the team has begun the process of engaging communities on the identified wikis. The extension provides tools to organize, manage, and promote collaborative activities (like events, edit-a-thons, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. The extension has three tools: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation Lists]]. It is currently on 13 Wikipedias, including English Wikipedia, French Wikipedia, and Spanish Wikipedia, as well as Wikidata. Questions or requests can be directed to the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:CampaignEvents|extension talk page]] or in Phabricator (with <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" style="white-space: nowrap;">#campaigns-product-team</bdi> tag). * Starting the week of March 31st, wikis will be able to set which user groups can view private registrants in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], as part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension. By default, event organizers and the local wiki admins will be able to see private registrants. This is a change from the current behavior, in which only event organizers can see private registrants. Wikis can change the default setup by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requesting a configuration change]] in Phabricator (and adding the <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" style="white-space: nowrap;">#campaigns-product-team</bdi> tag). Participants of past events can cancel their registration at any time. * Administrators at wikis that have a customized <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Sidebar]]</bdi> should check that it contains an entry for the {{int:specialpages}} listing. If it does not, they should add it using <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">* specialpages-url|specialpages</code>. Wikis with a default sidebar will see the link moved from the page toolbox into the sidebar menu in April. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388927] * The Minerva skin (mobile web) combines both Notice and Alert notifications within the bell icon ([[File:OOjs UI icon bell.svg|16px|link=|class=skin-invert]]). There was a long-standing bug where an indication for new notifications was only shown if you had unseen Alerts. This bug is now fixed. In the future, Minerva users will notice a counter atop the bell icon when you have 1 or more unseen Notices and/or Alerts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344029] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * VisualEditor has introduced a [[mw:VisualEditor/Hooks|new client-side hook]] for developers to use when integrating with the VisualEditor target lifecycle. This hook should replace the existing lifecycle-related hooks, and be more consistent between different platforms. In addition, the new hook will apply to uses of VisualEditor outside of just full article editing, allowing gadgets to interact with the editor in DiscussionTools as well. The Editing Team intends to deprecate and eventually remove the old lifecycle hooks, so any use cases that this new hook does not cover would be of interest to them and can be [[phab:T355555|shared in the task]]. * Developers who use the <code dir=ltr>mw.Api</code> JavaScript library, can now identify the tool using it with the <code dir=ltr>userAgent</code> parameter: <code dir=ltr>var api = new mw.Api( { userAgent: 'GadgetNameHere/1.0.1' } );</code>. If you maintain a gadget or user script, please set a user agent, because it helps with library and server maintenance and with differentiating between legitimate and illegitimate traffic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373874][https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Wikimedia_Foundation_User-Agent_Policy] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W13"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:38, 24 March 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28443127 --> == Tech News: 2025-14 == <section begin="technews-2025-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Editing team is working on a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Check|Edit check]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#26 March 2025|Peacock check]]. This check's goal is to identify non-neutral terms while a user is editing a wikipage, so that they can be informed that their edit should perhaps be changed before they publish it. This project is at the early stages, and the team is looking for communities' input: [[phab:T389445|in this Phabricator task]], they are gathering on-wiki policies, templates used to tag non-neutral articles, and the terms (jargon and keywords) used in edit summaries for the languages they are currently researching. You can participate by editing the table on Phabricator, commenting on the task, or directly messaging [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|Single User Login]] has now been updated on all wikis to move login and account creation to a central domain. This makes user login compatible with browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies, which have prevented users of some browsers from staying logged in. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting on March 31st, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin a limited release of generated OpenAPI specs and a SwaggerUI-based sandbox experience for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST APIs]]. They invite developers from a limited group of non-English Wikipedia communities (Arabic, German, French, Hebrew, Interlingua, Dutch, Chinese) to review the documentation and experiment with the sandbox in their preferred language. In addition to these specific Wikipedia projects, the sandbox and OpenAPI spec will be available on the [[testwiki:Special:RestSandbox|on the test wiki REST Sandbox special page]] for developers with English as their preferred language. During the preview period, the MediaWiki Interfaces Team also invites developers to [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|share feedback about your experience]]. The preview will last for approximately 2 weeks, after which the sandbox and OpenAPI specs will be made available across all wiki projects. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Sometimes a small, [[gerrit:c/operations/cookbooks/+/1129184|one line code change]] can have great significance: in this case, it means that for the first time in years we're able to run all of the stack serving <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[http://maps.wikimedia.org/ maps.wikimedia.org]</bdi> - a host dedicated to serving our wikis and their multi-lingual maps needs - from a single core datacenter, something we test every time we perform a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter switchover]]. This is important because it means that in case one of our datacenters is affected by a catastrophe, we'll still be able to serve the site. This change is the result of [[phab:T216826|extensive work]] by two developers on porting the last component of the maps stack over to [[w:en:Kubernetes|kubernetes]], where we can allocate resources more efficiently than before, thus we're able to withstand more traffic in a single datacenter. This work involved a lot of complicated steps because this software, and the software libraries it uses, required many long overdue upgrades. This type of work makes the Wikimedia infrastructure more sustainable. '''Meetings and events''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025]] is happening in Sandusky, USA, and online, from 14–16 May 2025. The workshop will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users. Registration and presentation signup is now available at the workshop's website. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W14"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:01, 1 April 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28473566 --> == Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon. Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:03, 4 April 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Tech News: 2025-15 == <section begin="technews-2025-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * From now on, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface admins]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Central notice administrators|centralnotice admins]] are technically required to enable [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] before they can use their privileges. In the future this might be expanded to more groups with advanced user-rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150898] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The Design System Team is preparing to release the next major version of Codex (v2.0.0) on April 29. Editors and developers who use CSS from Codex should see the [[mw:Codex/Release Timeline/2.0|2.0 overview documentation]], which includes guidance related to a few of the breaking changes such as <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">font-size</code>, <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">line-height</code>, and <code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">size-icon</code>. * The results of the [[mw:Developer Satisfaction Survey/2025|Developer Satisfaction Survey (2025)]]  are now available. Thank you to all participants. These results help the Foundation decide what to work on next and to review what they recently worked on. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]] will take place in Istanbul, Turkey, between 2–4 May. Registration for attending the in-person event will close on 13 April. Before registering, please note the potential need for a [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkish-representations.en.mfa visa] or [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-information-for-foreigners.en.mfa e-visa] to enter the country. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W15"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:48, 7 April 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28507470 --> == ''The Signpost'': 9 April 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/Special report|Wikipedian and physician Ziyad al-Sufiani reportedly released from Saudi prison]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/In focus|WMF to explore "common standards" for NPOV policies; implications for project autonomy remain unclear]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/In the media|Indian judges demand removal of content critical of Asian News International]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/News and notes|35,000 user accounts compromised, locked in attempted credential-stuffing attack]] * Op-ed: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/Op-ed|How crawlers impact the operations of the Wikimedia projects]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/Opinion|Crawlers, hogs and gorillas]] * Debriefing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/Debriefing|Giraffer's RfA debriefing]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/Obituary|RHaworth, TomCat4680 and PawełMM]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/Traffic report|Heigh-Ho, Heigh-Ho, off to report we go...]] * News from Diff: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/News from Diff|Strengthening Wikipedia’s neutral point of view]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-04-09/Comix|Thirteen]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 18:25, 9 April 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28494227 --> == Tech News: 2025-16 == <section begin="technews-2025-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Later this week, the default thumbnail size will be increased from 220px to 250px. This changes how pages are shown in all wikis and has been requested by some communities for many years, but wasn't previously possible due to technical limitations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914] * File thumbnails are now stored in discrete sizes. If a page specifies a thumbnail size that's not among the standard sizes (20, 40, 60, 120, 250, 330, 500, 960), then MediaWiki will pick the closest larger thumbnail size but will tell the browser to downscale it to the requested size. In these cases, nothing will change visually but users might load slightly larger images. If it doesn't matter which thumbnail size is used in a page, please pick one of the standard sizes to avoid the extra in-browser down-scaling step. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Thumbnail_sizes][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914] '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikimedia Foundation are working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]] which will enable [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[:w:en:Denial-of-service attack|Distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is so that they can more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for. * To improve security for users, a small percentage of logins will now require that the account owner input a one-time password [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:EmailAuth|emailed to their account]]. It is recommended that you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|check]] that the email address on your account is set correctly, and that it has been confirmed, and that you have an email set for this purpose. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390662] * "Are you interested in taking a short survey to improve tools used for reviewing or reverting edits on your Wiki?" This question will be [[phab:T389401|asked at 7 wikis starting next week]], on Recent Changes and Watchlist pages. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools team]] wants to know more about activities that involve looking at new edits made to your Wikimedia project, and determining whether they adhere to your project's policies. * On April 15, the full Wikidata graph will no longer be supported on <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]</bdi>. After this date, scholarly articles will be available through <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr" style="white-space:nowrap;">[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/ query-scholarly.wikidata.org]</bdi>, while the rest of the data hosted on Wikidata will be available through the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]</bdi> endpoint. This is part of the scheduled split of the Wikidata Graph, which was [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|announced in September 2024]]. More information is [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|available on Wikidata]]. * The latest quarterly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter/First quarter of 2025|Wikimedia Apps Newsletter]] is now available. It covers updates, experiments, and improvements made to the Wikipedia mobile apps. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2025/April|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: an invitation for tool maintainers to attend the Toolforge UI Community Feedback Session on April 15th; recent community metrics; and recent technical blog posts. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.25|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W16"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:20, 15 April 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28540654 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:33, 17 April 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Tech News: 2025-17 == <section begin="technews-2025-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] is now integrated with [[w:dag:Solɔɣu|Dagbani Wikipedia]] since April 15. It is the first project that will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in articles. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template. [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status_updates/2025-04-16] * A new type of lint error has been created: [[Special:LintErrors/empty-heading|{{int:linter-category-empty-heading}}]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Lint errors/empty-heading|documentation]]). The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|Linter extension]]'s purpose is to identify wikitext patterns that must or can be fixed in pages and provide some guidance about what the problems are with those patterns and how to fix them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368722] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Following its publication on HuggingFace, the "Structured Contents" dataset, developed by Wikimedia Enterprise, is [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/kaggle-dataset/ now also available on Kaggle]. This Beta initiative is focused on making Wikimedia data more machine-readable for high-volume reusers. They are releasing this beta version in a location that open dataset communities already use, in order to seek feedback, to help improve the product for a future wider release. You can read more about the overall [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/#open-datasets Structured Contents project], and about the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-wikipedia-infobox/ first release that's freely usable]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings and events''' * The Editing and Machine Learning Teams invite interested volunteers to a video meeting to discuss [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]], which is the latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] that will detect "peacock" or "overly-promotional" or "non-neutral" language whilst an editor is typing. Editors who work with newcomers, or help to fix this kind of writing, or are interested in how we use artificial intelligence in our projects are encouraged to attend. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team/Community Conversations#Next Conversation|meeting will be on April 28, 2025]] at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745863200 18:00–19:00 UTC] and hosted on Zoom. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W17"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:56, 21 April 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28578245 --> == Tech News: 2025-18 == <section begin="technews-2025-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Event organizers who host collaborative activities on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|multiple wikis]], including Bengali, Japanese, and Korean Wikipedias, will have access to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] this week. Also, admins in the Wikipedia where the extension is enabled will automatically be granted the event organizer right soon. They won't have to manually grant themselves the right before they can manage events as [[phab:T386861|requested by a community]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The release of the next major version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, is scheduled for 29 April 2025. Technical editors will have access to the release by the week of 5 May 2025. This update will include a number of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Breaking_changes|breaking changes]] and minor [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Visual_changes|visual changes]]. Instructions on handling the breaking and visual changes are documented on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release Timeline/2.0#|this page]]. Pre-release testing is reported in [[phab:T386298|T386298]], with post-release issues tracked in [[phab:T392379|T392379]] and [[phab:T392390|T392390]]. * Users of [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Wiki_Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will notice that the database views of <code dir="ltr">ipblocks</code>, <code dir="ltr">ipblocks_ipindex</code>, and <code dir="ltr">ipblocks_compat</code> are [[phab:T390767|now deprecated]]. Users can query the <code dir="ltr">[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_table|block]]</code> and <code dir="ltr">[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_target_table|block_target]]</code> new views that mirror the new tables in the production database instead. The deprecated views will be removed entirely from Wiki Replicas in June, 2025. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes an overview of the improved [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=es&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en#/ Content Translation Dashboard Tool], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Language Support for New and Existing Languages|support for new languages]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Wiki Loves Ramadan Articles Made In Content Translation Mobile Workflow|highlights from the Wiki Loves Ramadan campaign]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Languages Onboarding Experiment 2024 - Executive Summary|results from the Language Onboarding Experiment]], an analysis of topic diversity in articles, and information on upcoming community meetings and events. '''Meetings and events''' * The [[Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Calendar|Let's Connect Learning Clinic]] will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745937000 April 29 at 14:30 UTC]. This edition will focus on "Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects". You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Learning Clinic %E2%80%93 Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects (Part_1)|register now]] to attend. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which brings the global technical community together to connect, brainstorm, and hack existing projects, will take place from May 2 to 4th, 2025, at Istanbul, Turkey. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W18"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:28, 28 April 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28585685 --> == Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <section begin="announcement-content" /> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:40, 29 April 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == ''The Signpost'': 1 May 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/News and notes|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/News and notes]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/In the media|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/In the media]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Recent research|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Recent research]] * Arbitration report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Arbitration report|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Arbitration report]] * Discussion report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Discussion report|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Discussion report]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Traffic report|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Traffic report]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Disinformation report|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Disinformation report]] * News from the WMF: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/News from the WMF|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/News from the WMF]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Humour|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Humour]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Comix|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Comix]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/In focus|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/In focus]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Community view|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Community view]] * Debriefing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Debriefing|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Debriefing]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Gallery|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Gallery]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Obituary|en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-01/Obituary]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 22:20, 1 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28562138 --> == Tech News: 2025-19 == <section begin="technews-2025-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared the latest draft update to their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|annual plan]] for next year (July 2025–June 2026). This includes an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|executive summary]] (also on [[diffblog:2025/04/25/sharing-the-wikimedia-foundations-2025-2026-draft-annual-plan/|Diff]]), details about the three main [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals|goals]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product & Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Global Trends|global trends]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Budget Overview|budget]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Financial Model|financial model]]. Feedback and questions are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|talk page]] until the end of May. '''Updates for editors''' * For wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]], two new feature improvements have been released: ** Admins can now choose which namespaces are permitted for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] via [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Permitted namespaces|documentation]]). The default setup is for event registration to be permitted in the Event namespace, but other namespaces (such as the project namespace or WikiProject namespace) can now be added. With this change, communities like WikiProjects can now more easily use Event Registration for their collaborative activities. ** Editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Transclusion|transclude]] the Collaboration List on a wiki page ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Collaboration list/Transclusion|documentation]]). The Collaboration List is an automated list of events and WikiProjects on the wikis, accessed via {{#special:AllEvents}} ([[w:en:Special:AllEvents|example]]). Now, the Collaboration List can be added to all sorts of wiki pages, such as: a wiki mainpage, a WikiProject page, an affiliate page, an event page, or even a user page. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Developers who use the <code dir=ltr>moment</code> library in gadgets and user scripts should revise their code to use alternatives like the <code dir=ltr>Intl</code> library or the new <code dir=ltr>mediawiki.DateFormatter</code> library. The <code dir=ltr>moment</code> library has been deprecated and will begin to log messages in the developer console. You can see a global search for current uses, and [[phab:T392532|ask related questions in this Phabricator task]]. * Developers who maintain a tool that queries the Wikidata term store tables (<code dir=ltr style="white-space: nowrap;">wbt_*</code>) need to update their code to connect to a separate database cluster. These tables are being split into a separate database cluster. Tools that query those tables via the wiki replicas must be adapted to connect to the new cluster instead. [[wikitech:News/2025 Wikidata term store database split|Documentation and related links are available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390954] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.28|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on preparing to expand the deployment to additional wikis as soon as this week (starting May 6) and scaling up over the following weeks, plus exploring filtering and transforming source data. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W19"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:11, 6 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28665011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Tech News: 2025-20 == <section begin="technews-2025-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|"Get shortened URL"]] link on the sidebar now includes a [[phab:T393309|QR code]]. Wikimedia site users can now use it by scanning or downloading it to quickly share and access shared content from Wikimedia sites, conveniently. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikimedia Foundation is working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]], which will enable [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[w:en:Denial-of-service attack|distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is to help more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for. Tech News has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|previously written about this]]. The deployment will be gradual. Some might see the Edge Uniques cookie the week of 19 May. You can discuss this on the [[m:Talk:Edge Uniques|talk page]]. * Starting May 19, 2025, Event organisers in wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled can use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] in the project namespace (e.g., Wikipedia namespace, Wikidata namespace). With this change, communities don't need admins to use the feature. However, wikis that don't want this change can remove and add the permitted namespaces at [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/CampaignEvents]]. * The Wikipedia project now has a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q36720|Nupe]] ([[w:nup:|<code>w:nup:</code>]]). This is a language primarily spoken in the North Central region of Nigeria. Speakers of this language are invited to contribute to [[w:nup:Tatacin feregi|new Wikipedia]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Developers can now access pre-parsed Dutch Wikipedia, amongst others (English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese) through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/snapshot/#structured-contents-snapshot-bundle-info-beta Structured Contents snapshots (beta)]. The content includes parsed Wikipedia abstracts, descriptions, main images, infoboxes, article sections, and references. * The <code dir="ltr">/page/data-parsoid</code> REST API endpoint is no longer in use and will be deprecated. It is [[phab:T393557|scheduled to be turned off]] on June 7, 2025. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.1|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/2025_Cloud_VPS_VXLAN_IPv6_migration IPv6 support] is a newly introduced Cloud virtual network that significantly boosts Wikimedia platforms' scalability, security, and readiness for the future. If you are a technical contributor eager to learn more, check out [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/05/06/wikimedia-cloud-vps-ipv6-support/ this blog post] for an in-depth look at the journey to IPv6. '''Meetings and events''' * The 2nd edition of 2025 of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]], a virtual platform for African Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747328400 May 15 at 17:00 UTC]. This edition will focus on discussions regarding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|Wikimedia Annual planning and progress]]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MENA Connect Community Call|MENA Connect Community Call]], a virtual meeting for [[w:en:Middle East and North Africa|MENA]] Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747501200 May 17 at 17:00 UTC]. You can [[m:Event:MENA Connect (Wiki_Diwan) APP Call|register now]] to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W20"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:34, 12 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28714188 --> == ''The Signpost'': 14 May 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/News and notes|WMF to kick off new-CEO quest as Iskandar preps to move on — Supreme Court nixes gag of Wiki page for other India court row on ANI — code-heads give fix-up date for Charts in lieu of long-dead Graph gizmo]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/In the media|Wikimedia Foundation sues over UK government decision that might require identity verification of editors worldwide]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/Disinformation report|What does Jay-Z know about Wikipedia?]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/In focus|On the hunt for sources: Swedish AfD discussions]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/Technology report|WMF introduces unique but privacy-preserving browser cookie]] * Debriefing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/Debriefing|Goldsztajn's RfA debriefing]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/Obituary|Max Lum (User:ICOHBuzz)]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/Community view|A Deep Dive Into Wikimedia (part 2)]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/Comix|Collection]] * From the archives: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-05-14/From the archives|Humor from the Archives]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 22:01, 14 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28671646 --> == Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) == <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])</bdi> 22:06, 15 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Tech News: 2025-21 == <section begin="technews-2025-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Peacock language model for the following languages: Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and Japanese. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check/model test|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on May 23, which will be the start date of the test. '''Updates for editors''' * From May 20, 2025, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|oversighters]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:CheckUsers|checkusers]] will need to have their accounts secured with two-factor authentication (2FA) to be able to use their advanced rights. All users who belong to these two groups and do not have 2FA enabled have been informed. In the future, this requirement may be extended to other users with advanced rights. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|Learn more]]. * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] will begin mass deployment by the end of the month: all non-Wikipedia projects plus Catalan Wikipedia will adopt Multiblocks in the week of May 26, while all other Wikipedias will adopt it in the week of June 2. Please [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|contact the team]] if you have concerns. Administrators can test the new user interface now on your own wiki by browsing to [{{fullurl:Special:Block|usecodex=1}} {{#special:Block}}?usecodex=1], and can test the full multiblocks functionality [[testwiki:Special:Block|on testwiki]]. Multiblocks is the feature that makes it possible for administrators to impose different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|help page]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121] * Later this week, the [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] listing of almost all special pages will be updated with a new design. This page has been [[phab:T219543|redesigned]] to improve the user experience in a few ways, including: The ability to search for names and aliases of the special pages, sorting, more visible marking of restricted special pages, and a more mobile-friendly look. The new version can be [https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages previewed] at Beta Cluster now, and feedback shared in the task. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219543] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is being enabled on more wikis. For a detailed list of when the extension will be enabled on your wiki, please read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|deployment timeline]]. * [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] will be deployed on May 27 on five Wiktionaries: [[wikt:ha:|Hausa]], [[wikt:ig:|Igbo]], [[wikt:bn:|Bengali]], [[wikt:ml:|Malayalam]], and [[wikt:dv:|Dhivehi/Maldivian]]. This is the second batch of deployment planned for the project. After deployment, the projects will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in their pages. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template. * Later this week, the Wikimedia Foundation will publish a hub for [[diffblog:2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/|experiments]]. This is to showcase and get user feedback on product experiments. The experiments help the Wikimedia movement [[diffblog:2023/07/13/exploring-paths-for-the-future-of-free-knowledge-new-wikipedia-chatgpt-plugin-leveraging-rich-media-social-apps-and-other-experiments/|understand new users]], how they interact with the internet and how it could affect the Wikimedia movement. Some examples are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Generated Video|generated video]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Roblox game|Wikipedia Roblox speedrun game]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Discord bot|the Discord bot]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with creating an account using the API, which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390751] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Gadgets and user scripts that interact with [[{{#special:Block}}]] may need to be updated to work with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|manage blocks interface]]. Please review the [[mw:Help:Manage blocks/Developers|developer guide]] for more information. If you need help or are unable to adapt your script to the new interface, please let the team know on the [[mw:Help talk:Manage blocks/Developers|talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121] * The <code dir=ltr>mw.title</code> object allows you to get information about a specific wiki page in the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Lua|Lua]] programming language. Starting this week, a new property will be added to the object, named <code dir=ltr>isDisambiguationPage</code>. This property allows you to check if a page is a disambiguation page, without the need to write a custom function. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T71441] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] User script developers can use a [[toolforge:gitlab-content|new reverse proxy tool]] to load javascript and css from [[gitlab:|gitlab.wikimedia.org]] with <code dir=ltr>mw.loader.load</code>. The tool's author hopes this will enable collaborative development workflows for user scripts including linting, unit tests, code generation, and code review on <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">gitlab.wikimedia.org</bdi> without a separate copy-and-paste step to publish scripts to a Wikimedia wiki for integration and acceptance testing. See [[wikitech:Tool:Gitlab-content|Tool:Gitlab-content on Wikitech]] for more information. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The 12th edition of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Workshop 2025|Wiki Workshop 2025]], a forum that brings together researchers that explore all aspects of Wikimedia projects, will be held virtually on 21-22 May. Researchers can [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/wikiworkshop2025/ register now]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W21"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:09, 19 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28724712 --> == Tech News: 2025-22 == <section begin="technews-2025-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * A community-wide discussion about a very delicate issue for the development of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]] is now open on Meta: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. The discussion is open until June 12 at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]], and every opinion is welcomed. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. '''Updates for editors''' * Since last week, on all wikis except [[phab:T388604|the largest 20]], people using the mobile visual editor will have [[phab:T385851|additional tools in the menu bar]], accessed using the new <code>+</code> toolbar button. To start, the new menu will include options to add: citations, hieroglyphs, and code blocks. Deployment to the remaining wikis is [[phab:T388605|scheduled]] to happen in June. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|#ifexist]]</code> parser function will no longer register a link to its target page. This will improve the usefulness of [[{{#special:WantedPages}}]], which will eventually only list pages that are the target of an actual red link. This change will happen gradually as the source pages are updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14019] * This week, the Moderator Tools team will launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], starting at Indonesian Wikipedia. This new filter highlights edits that are likely to be reverted. The goal is to help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic edits. Other wikis will benefit from this filter in the future. * Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. Readers of Catalan, Hebrew, and Italian Wikipedias and some sister projects will receive the change between May 21 and mid-June. Readers of other wikis will receive the change later. The goal is to encourage users to read the wikis more. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]]. * Some users of the Wikipedia Android app can use a new feature for readers, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|WikiGames]], a daily trivia game based on real historical events. The release has started as an A/B test, available to 50% of users in the following languages: English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Newsletter|Newsletter extension]] that is available on MediaWiki.org allows the creation of [[mw:Special:Newsletters|various newsletters]] for global users. The extension can now publish new issues as section links on an existing page, instead of requiring a new page for each issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393844] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The previously deprecated <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Ipblocks table|ipblocks]]</code> views in [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will be removed in the beginning of June. Users are encouraged to query the new <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block table|block]]</code> and <code dir=ltr>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block target table|block_target]]</code> views instead. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects|Wikidata and Sister Projects]] is a multi-day online event that will focus on how Wikidata is integrated to Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects. The event runs from May 29 – June 1. You can [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects#Sessions|read the Program schedule]] and [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1291|register]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W22"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:01, 26 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28788673 --> == Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection & Call for Questions == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats. The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. Here are the key planned dates: * May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6] * June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates * July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5] * August 2025: Campaign period * August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period * October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates * Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]]. '''Call for Questions''' In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]] '''Election Volunteers''' Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]] Thank you! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Best regards, Victoria Doronina Board Liaison to the Elections Committee Governance Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:07, 28 May 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Tech News: 2025-23 == <section begin="technews-2025-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Editors can use this new extension to create interactive data visualizations like bar, line, area, and pie charts. Charts are designed to replace many of the uses of the legacy [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]]. '''Updates for editors''' * It is now easier to configure automatic citations for your wiki within the visual editor's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]]. Administrators can now set a default template by using the <code dir=ltr>_default</code> key in the local <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json]]</bdi> page ([[mw:Special:Diff/6969653/7646386|example diff]]). Setting this default will also help to future-proof your existing configurations when [[phab:T347823|new item types]] are added in the future. You can still set templates for individual item types as they will be preferred to the default template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384709] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting the week of June 2, bots logging in using <code dir=ltr>action=login</code> or <code dir=ltr>action=clientlogin</code> will fail more often. This is because of stronger protections against suspicious logins. Bots using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|bot passwords]] or using a loginless authentication method such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|OAuth]] are not affected. If your bot is not using one of those, you should update it; using <code dir=ltr>action=login</code> without a bot password was deprecated [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/3EEMN7VQX5G7WMQI5K2GP5JC2336DPTD/|in 2016]]. For most bots, this only requires changing what password the bot uses. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395205] * From this week, Wikimedia wikis will allow ES2017 features in JavaScript code for official code, gadgets, and user scripts. The most visible feature of ES2017 is <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>async</code>/<code>await</code></bdi> syntax, allowing for easier-to-read code. Until this week, the platform only allowed up to ES2016, and a few months before that, up to ES2015. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381537] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Scholarship applications to participate in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025|GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]] are now open. The conference will take place from 30 October to 1 November, in Lisbon, Portugal. GLAM contributors who lack the means to support their participation can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025/Scholarships|apply here]]. Scholarship applications close on June 7th. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W23"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:51, 2 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28819186 --> == Tech News: 2025-24 == <section begin="technews-2025-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product team]] is finalizing work needed to roll out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] on large Wikipedias later this month. The team has worked with stewards and other users with extended rights to predict and address many use cases that may arise on larger wikis, so that community members can continue to effectively moderate and patrol temporary accounts. This will be the second of three phases of deployment – the last one will take place in September at the earliest. For more information about the recent developments on the project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|see this update]]. If you have any comments or questions, write on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|talk page]], and [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 10 (June 2025)|join a CEE Catch Up]] this Tuesday. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist expiry|watchlist expiry]] feature allows editors to watch pages for a limited period of time. After that period, the page is automatically removed from your watchlist. Starting this week, you can set a preference for the default period of time to watch pages. The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist-pageswatchlist|preferences]] also allow you to set different default watch periods for editing existing pages, pages you create, and when using rollback. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265716] [[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * The appearance of talk pages will change at almost all Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|some]] have already received this design change, [[phab:T379264|a few]] will get these changes later). You can read details about the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|in user preferences]] ("{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}"). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392121] * Users with specific extended rights (including administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, oversighters, and stewards) can now have IP addresses of all temporary accounts [[phab:T358853|revealed automatically]] during time-limited periods where they need to combat high-speed account-hopping vandalism. This feature was requested by stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386492] * This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to several more Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-afwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-simplewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * AbuseFilter editors active on Meta-Wiki and large Wikipedias are kindly asked to update AbuseFilter to make it compatible with temporary accounts. A link to the instructions and the private lists of filters needing verification are [[phab:T369611|available on Phabricator]]. * Lua modules now have access to the name of a page's associated thumbnail image, and on [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/operations/mediawiki-config/+/2e4ab14aa15bb95568f9c07dd777065901eb2126/wmf-config/InitialiseSettings.php#10849 some wikis] to the WikiProject assessment information. This is possible using two new properties on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#added-by-extensions|mw.title objects]], named <code dir=ltr>pageImage</code> and <code dir=ltr>pageAssessments</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131911][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380122] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W24"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:13, 10 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28846858 --> == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:00, 13 June 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> mek4a6jcrdctllpej3m3z12nx68ktdh 0 381828 6685224 5607967 2025-06-13T12:47:27Z CommonsDelinker 992 Replacing [[Image:Dog_anatomy_lateral_skeleton_view.jpg]] with [[Image:Dog_anatomy_lateral_skeleton_view_(full).jpg]] (deleted by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because of: [[:c:COM:Duplicate|Duplicate]]: Exact or scaled-down duplicate: 6685224 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waqntal''' ==[[Wp/mic/Mimajuinu|Mimajuinu]]== <gallery> Image:Skeleton2.jpg Image:Caucasian Human Skull.jpg|Saqatp Image:Pectoral girdles-en.svg|Wtlaw (''Scapula'') aqq<br/>Tlow (''Clavice'') Image:Illu vertebral column.svg|Wo'qn Image:Gray112.png|Npikaqn Image:Gray100.png|Usukun (''Coccyx'') Image:Handskelett 66j maennlich.png|Npitn Image:Knee diagram.svg|Mutki'kn (''Patella'') Image:Foot bones.jpg|Nkat </gallery> ==[[Wp/mic/Lmúj|Lmúj]]== <gallery> Image:Dog anatomy lateral skeleton view (full).jpg </gallery> == [[Wp/mic/Tésipow|Tésipow]] == <gallery> Image:Horse anatomy.svg </gallery> [[Category:Wp/mic]] {{INTERWIKI|Q265868}} ctdyr2gn5vh9f3y91n4reap0tt1bjty 4 541453 6685665 6455828 2025-06-13T23:39:50Z Kxeon 2598343 6685665 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Vikimedijos Fondas]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Sveiki atvykę į Vikimedijos Inkubatorių!</h1> Tai yra '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:About|Vikimedijos Inkubatorius]]''', kuriame yra ruošiami, rašomi ir išbandomi potencialūs Vikimedijos projektai [[m:Wikipedia|Vikipedija]], [[m:Wikibooks|Vikiknygos]], [[m:Wikinews|Vikinaujienos]], [[:m:Wikiquote|Vikicitatos]], [[:m:Wiktionary|Vikižodynas]] ir [[:m:Wikivoyage|Vikikelionės]] naujomis kalbomis bei patvirtinamas jų vertingumas. Visi šie projektai globojami [[foundation:Wikimedia Foundation|Vikimedijos Fondo]]. Nors Vikimedijos Inkubatoriaus bandomieji vikiprojektai neturi savo atskiro viki domeno, juos galima skaityti ir redaguoti kaip ir bet kurį kitą Vikimedijos projektą. Naujų kalbų [[m:Wikiversity|Vikiversiteto]] versijos turėtų būti kuriamos [[betawikiversity:|Beta Vikiversitete]], o [[m:Wikisource|Vikišaltinių]] naujų kalbų versijos – [[oldwikisource:|Daugiakalbiuose Vikišaltiniuose]]. Čia negalite pradėti kurti visiškai naujo projekto: jūs galite kurti tik jau egzistuojančio projekto naują kalbos versiją. Jei norite sukurti naują projektą, tai [[meta:proposals for new projects|galima siūlyti čia]] arba, jei norite sukurti testą, apsilankykite [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Vikiprojektų inkubavimas]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Keletas aktyvių vikiprojektų pavyzdžių: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Norėdami Inkubatoriuje matyti pilną Vikiprojektų kuriamą sąrašą, apsilankykite '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Inkubatorius:Vikių sąrašas]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kaip pradėti naują bandomąją viki ==== Jei norite pradėti naujos kalbos projektą, visą informaciją rasite [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Pagalba:Žinynas]]. Prašome susipažinti ir atsižvelgti į vietos [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|politiką]]. Kelios svarbios taisyklės: * Reikalingas galiojantis ir teisėtas [[I:ISO 639|kalbos kodas]] (detaliau paaiškinta [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|žinyne]]). Jei kalba tokio kodo neturi, apsilankykite [[wikia:incubatorplus|Inkubatorius Plius]]. * Nemanykite, kad jei jau pradėjote kurti bandomąją Viki, ją tikrai priims Vikimedija. Visų pirma reikalingas [[m:Langcom|kalbos komiteto]] patvirtinimas. Daugiau informacijos rasite puslapyje [[m:Requests for new languages|Prašymai sukurti naujas kalbų versijas]]. * Prašome laikytis bandomųjų Viki pavadinimų suteikimo tvarkos - ateityje tai palengvins bandomąjį projektą perkelti į atskirą adresą. Visi bandomieji puslapiai (įskaitant šablonus ir kategorijas) turėtų būti užvardijami unikaliai (naudojant priešdėlį) ir nuosekliai. ==== Kaip prisidėti prie eksperimentinio vikiprojekto inkubatoriuje ==== Jei kalbate kalba, kuria inkubatorius jau turi bandomąjį vikiprojektą, raginame prisidėti. Bandomųjų vikių sąrašą galite rasti inkubatoriaus pagrindiniame puslapyje. Visiems sukurtiems puslapiams suteikite tinkamą priešdėlį. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|Daugiau informacijos apie priešdėlius]]. | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''Kontaktai/Pagalba:''' * [[Incubator:Community Portal|Bendruomenės Portalas]] skirtas iškilusiems klausimams * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanalas #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator diskutuokite kitur]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Dukteriniai projektai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Vikimedijos Fondas]] vykdo daugybę kitų [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|daugiakalbių]] ir [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|nemokamo turinio]] projektų: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:lt:|'''Vikipedija''']]<br />Laisvoji enciklopedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:lt:|'''Vikižodynas''']]<br />Nemokamas daugiafunkcinis žodynas | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Vikišaltiniai''']]<br />Nemokamo turinio biblioteka | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:lt:|'''Vikicitatos''']]<br />Citatų kolekcija |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:lt:|'''Vikiknygos''']]<br />Nemokamos knygos bei vadovėliai | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinaujienos''']]<br />Atviro turinio naujienos | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Pagrindinis puslapis|'''Vikiversitetas''']]<br />Nemokama mokymosi medžiaga ir priemonės | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[voy:en:|'''Vikikelionės''']]<br />Nemokamas internetinis kelionių vadovas |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[wikispecies:Main Page|'''Vikirūšys''']]<br />Rūšių žinynas | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:Wikidata:Main Page|'''Vikiduomenys''']]<br />Nemokama duomenų (pažinimo) bazė | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | [[c:Main Page|'''Vikiteka''']]<br />Įvairių medijos laikmenų talpykla | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | [[m:Main Page|'''Metaviki''']]<br />Vikimedijos projektų koordinavimas |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> ngzxmyyqwnmkpp6u0shwf3xuxae02ug 1198 541507 6685664 4973363 2025-06-13T23:39:49Z Kxeon 2598343 6685664 wikitext text/x-wiki [[v:mul:Pagrindinis puslapis|'''Vikiversitetas''']]<br />Nemokama mokymosi medžiaga ir priemonės 2qq1gfu944i88r1ff4vxt45pnfronm6 3 791750 6685558 1489535 2025-06-13T20:43:43Z A09 2560130 A09 moved page [[User talk:Bobprime]] to [[User talk:Shysteph]] without leaving a redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Bobprime|Bobprime]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Shysteph|Shysteph]]" 1489535 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}} }} {{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|<div class="rtl-text">|}} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! {{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more. It's free.<br>}} At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]]. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|</div>|}}</div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 18:34, 4 November 2013 (UTC) i5prn48pu5mjq6s1plceoyfj7jd8zgb 3 1523919 6685412 4365654 2025-06-13T16:43:37Z Faster than Thunder 2570590 /* Wy/ta */ new section 6685412 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}} }} {{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|<div class="rtl-text">|}} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! {{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more. It's free.<br>}} At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]]. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|</div>|}}</div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 09:27, 15 September 2014 (UTC) == Wy/ta == உங்களுடன் சேர்ந்து, இந்த விக்கிக்கு நான் மட்டுமே உண்மையான பங்களிப்பாளர், அதாவது அடிப்படையில் Wy/ta அதன் சொந்த விக்கியாக மாறவில்லை. விக்கிக்கு அதிகமான பங்களிப்பாளர்களை ஈர்க்க முடிந்தால், அது விரைவில் அதன் சொந்த விக்கியாக மாற வேண்டும். ஆனால் இதை நாம் எப்படிச் செய்ய முடியும்? [[ta:பேச்சு:முதற் பக்கம்|விக்கிப்பீடியாவின் முதன்மைப் பக்கத்தின் பேச்சுப் பக்கத்தில்]] ஒரு கருத்தைச் சேர்க்க முயற்சித்தேன், விக்கிவொயேஜ் சோதனையை விளம்பரப்படுத்துமாறு கேட்டுக்கொண்டேன், அங்கு அதிகமான மக்கள் பார்ப்பார்கள், ஆனால் அது செயல்படுத்தப்படவில்லை. [[User:Faster than Thunder|Faster than Thunder]] ([[User talk:Faster than Thunder|talk]]) 16:43, 13 June 2025 (UTC) mkcn3hrqvxatconv9sfqhhogvmfkbzp 0 1928969 6685746 6450072 2025-06-14T01:13:08Z Kurgenera 2607261 /* 简体中文 */ce 6685746 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wp/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ<br>ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ}} (manju gisun)== {{Wp/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡠᡳᡴᡳᡦᡝᡩᡳᠶᠠ ᡳ ᠴᡝᠨᡩᡝᡵᡝ ᠠᡶᠠᡥᠠ ᡩᡝ ᠵᡳᡩᡝᡵᡝᡩᡝ ᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨᠵᡝᠮᡝ ᠣᡴᡩᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᠰᡝᡵᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᠰᠠᡳ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ᠈ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡝᠮᡤᡝᡵᡳ ᡤᡠᡴᡠᡵᡝ ᡩᡝ ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ᠉ ᠠᡳᡴᠠᠪᠠᡩᡝ ᠰᡳ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡴᠠᡵᠮᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᠮᠠᡤᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠪᠠᡩᠠᡵᠠᡵᠠ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠮᡠᡵᠠᠨ ᠣᠴᡳ᠈ ᠮᡝᠨᡳ ᠰᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡶᡳᠶᡝᠯᡝᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᠪᡝ ᠣᡴᡩᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉<br> ᠠᡳᡴᠠᠪᠠᡩᡝ ᠠᡳᡨᡠᠪᡠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠪᠠᡳᠪᡠᡵᡝ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡳᡴᡳᡦᡝᡩᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠨᠴᡳᡥᡳᠶᠠᠪᡠᠴᡳ ᠣᠵᠣᡵᠣ ᠪᠠ ᠪᡳᠴᡳ᠈ [[Talk:Wp/mnc|ᠯᡝᠣᠯᡝᡵᡝ ᡶᡳᠶᡝᠯᡝᠨ]] ᡩᡝ ᡥᡝᠪᡝᡧᡝᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉<br> ᠠᡳᡴᠠᠪᠠᡩᡝ ᠰᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡨᡠᡴᡨᠠᠨ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡵᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠰᡳ᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡝᠯᡝᡳ ᡠᡵᡝᠰᡥᡡᠨ ᡳ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᡴᡳ ᠰᡝᠴᡳ᠈ ᡠᡳᡴᡳ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᠴᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠪᡝᠯᡥᡝᠪᡠᡥᡝ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡝᠨᡝᠴᡳᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠴᠠᠨᠠᡥᠠ [[b:zh:满语|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡴᡳᠴᡝᠨ]] ᠪᡝ ᡶᡠᠵᡠᡵᡠᠯᠠᡴᡳ᠉ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡴᡳᠴᡝᠨ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ ᠣᡶᡳ᠈ ᠶᠠᠶᠠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᠠᡳᡨᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᠠᡥᠠᠨᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉<br> ᠠᡳᡴᠠᠪᠠᡩᡝ ᠰᡳ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠠᠰᡠᡳ ᡨᠠᡨᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡵᡝ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠮᡠᡵᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᠮᡝ᠈ ᠮᡝᠨᡩᡝ ᡝᠯᡝᡳ ᡨᠣᠨᡩᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠯᡝᠣᠯᡝᠴᡝᡴᡳ ᠰᡝᠴᡳ᠈ Telegram ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ t.me/wikipedia_mnc᠈  IRC ᠴᠠᠨᡝᠯ irc.freenode.net#wikipedia-mnc᠈ ᡝᡳᠴᡳ QQ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ 370880321 ᡩᡝ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉ ᡝᡵᡝ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠈ ᠴᠠᠨᡝᠯ ᡤᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᠣᡨ ᡩᡝ ᡳᠰᡥᡠᠨᡩᡝ ᡥᠣᠯᠪᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ᠉<br> ᠠᡳᡴᠠᠪᠠᡩᡝ ᠰᡳᠨᡳ ᡨᡝᡨᡠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡠᡵᡠᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠮᡠᡨᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ᠈ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠩᠯᡝᠣᡨᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᠣ ᠠᡴᡡᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᡡᠮᡝ ᡨᠠᡴᠠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠉ ᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ᠈ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᠩᠯᡝᠣᡨᠯᠠᡴᡳᠨᡳ᠉ ([https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨᡝᡴᡠ] ᠪᡝ ᡝᡵᡝ ᠠᠰᡠᡳ ᡨᠠᡨᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡩᠠᠩᠯᡝᠣᡨᠯᠠᠮᡝ ᠮᡠᡨᡝᠮᠪᡳ᠉)<br> ᠠᡳᡴᠠᠪᠠᡩᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡠᡵᡠᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠮᡠᡨᡝᠴᡳᠪᡝ᠈ ᡠᡵᡠᡳ ᠠᡵᠪᡠᠨ ᡴᡡᠪᡠᠯᡳᠮᡝ ᠮᡠᡨᡝᡵᠠᡴᡡᠴᡳ Chrome ᡝᡳᠴᡳ Firefox ᠪᡝ ᠪᠠᡳᡨᠠᠯᠠᡴᡳ᠉<br> ᠠᠮᠪᡠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᡳᡥᠠ᠉}} manju gisun -i uikipediya -i cendere afaha de jiderede urgunjeme okdombi. manju gisun serengge manjusai gisun, ere gisun hergen emgeri gukure de hamika. aikabade si ere gisun be karmame amaga jalan de badarara de amuran oci, meni sasari fiyelen banjibure be okdombi. aikabade aitubun be baibure, eici manju uikipediya de tuwancihiyabuci ojoro ba bici, [[Talk:Wp/mnc|leolere fiyelen]] de hebešeci ombi. aikabade si manju gisun be tuktan tacire tacisi, eici manju gisun be elei ureshūn -i gisureki seci, uiki tacibcen de belhebuhe geren mukenecin de acanaha [[b:zh:满语|manju gisun -i kicen]] be fujurulaki. ere kicen nikan gisun -i arahangge ofi, yaya nikan gisun baitalara niyalma gemu tacici ombi. aikabade si ere asui tatan de banjibure de amuran bime, mende elei tondokon leoleceki seci, Telegram meyen t.me/wikipedia_mnc, IRC canel irc.freenode.net#wikipedia-mnc, eici QQ meyen 370880321 de nonggici ombi. ere ilan meyen, canel gemu bot de ishunde holbobuhangge. aikabade sini tetun manju hergen be urui arame muterakūci, manju gisun -i hergeneku be dangleotlaha bio akūn be dahūme takakini. akūci, manju hergeneku be dangleotlakini. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ abkai hergeneku] be ere asui tatan de dangleotlame mutembi.) aikabade manju hergen be urui arame mutecibe, urui arbun kūbulime muterakūci Chrome eici Firefox be baitalaki. ambula baniha. ==简体中文== 欢迎来到满语维基百科的测试页！满语是满族的语言，但如今已经极度濒危。如果阁下对保护这门语言感兴趣，欢迎加入我们！ 如果阁下需要帮助或对满语维基有任何意见和建议，可以到[[Talk:Wp/mnc|这里]]。 如果阁下是满语初学者或者想进一步完善自己的满语水平，维基教科书上有面向各个水平等级的[[b:zh:满语|课程]]。 如果阁下喜欢在这里贡献并且希望与我们以一种更直接的方式交流，欢迎加入Telegram（“电报”）群t.me/wikipedia_mnc、IRC频道irc.freenode.net#wikipedia-mnc或QQ群''370880321''（它们是用机器人互联的）。 如果满文无法显示，请确认阁下的设备上已安装了满文字体。如果没有，请安装一个（如[https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ 太清字体]）。 如果满文字母可以显示但无法正确变形，请使用Chrome（谷歌浏览器）或Firefox（火狐浏览器）。 ==正體中文== 歡迎來到滿洲語維基百科的測試頁！滿洲語是滿洲人使用的語言，但如今已經極度瀕危。如果閣下對保護這門語言感興趣，歡迎加入我們！ 如果閣下需要幫助或對滿洲語維基有任何意見和建議，可以到[[Talk:Wp/mnc|這裡]]。 如果閣下是滿語初學者或者想進一步完善自己的滿洲語水平，維基教科書上有面向各個水平等級的[[b:zh:满语|課程]]。 如果閣下喜歡在這裡貢獻並且希望與我們以一種更直接的方式交流，歡迎加入Telegram群組t.me/wikipedia_mnc、IRC頻道irc.freenode.net#wikipedia-net或QQ群''370880321''(它們是用機器人互聯的)。 如果滿文無法顯示，請確認閣下的裝置上已安裝了滿文字型。如果沒有，請安裝一個(如[https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ 太清字型])。 如果滿文字母可以顯示但無法正確變形，請使用Chrome或Firefox。 ==粵語== 歡迎蒞臨滿洲文維基百科嘅測試版！滿洲話係滿洲人講嘅話，但係而家已經極度瀕危。如果閣下對保護呢門語言有興趣，歡迎加入我哋！ 如果閣下需要搵幫手或者對滿洲文維基有啲咩意見同建議嘅話，可以撳[[Talk:Wp/mnc|呢度]]。 如果閣下係啱啱開始學滿洲文抑或想進一步改善自己嘅滿洲話水準，可以睇下維基書本上面唔同水平等級嘅[[b:zh:满语|課程]]。 如果閣下鍾意喺呢度寫下嘢又希望同我哋直接啲噉交流，亦都可以加入我哋嘅Telegram群組t.me/wikipedia_mnc、IRC頻道irc.freenode.net#wikipedia-net同埋QQ群''370880321''(佢哋係用機械人互聯嘅)。 如果顯示唔到滿文，唔該睇下閣下嘅裝置係咪經已裝咗滿文字型。如果重未，唔該裝返個(例如[https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ 太清字型])。 如果顯示到滿文字母但唔可以正確噉變形，可以試下用Chrome同Firefox。 == 日本語 == 満洲語ウィキペディアへようこそ。満洲語は中国の少数民族、満州族の民族言語であり、固有の言語と文字が今消滅の危機にさらされています。この言語及び満洲語ウィキペディアの編集に興味がございましたら、ぜひ参加してください。 また、満洲語ウィキペディアにご意見がございましたら、[[Talk:Wp/mnc|トークページ]]へどうぞ。 初心者またはこの言語を学習されている方は、ウィキブックの使用をお勧めします。ここでは異なったレベルに向けた[[b:zh:满语|満洲語のコース]]があります。（内容は簡体中国語。日本語仕様のコースは編集中。簡体中国語が解からない方はGoogle翻訳、Deeplなどの翻訳サイトの使用を推薦します。） 満洲語ウィキペディアを編集し、編集者と直接な連絡を取る際には、テレグラムグループのt.me/wikipedia_mnc、IRCチャンネルのirc.freenode.net#wikipedia-mncあるいはQQグループの''370880321''に参加してください。これらのグループは全てbotで繋がっています。 満洲文字が表示不可の場合は、当デバイスが満洲文字のキーボードをダウンロードしたか確認してください。ダウンロードされていない場合は、この[https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ サイト]へどうぞ。 満洲文字が表示可能、ただし正確に表示されない際（本来縦書きの文字が横書きに表示されている）には、Google ChromeまたはFirefoxなどのブラウザーの使用を推薦します。 ==한국어== 만주어 위키백과 시험용 페이지에 오신 것을 환영합니다! 만주어는 만주족이 사용하는 언어로, 지금은 굉장히 위험한 상황에 처해 있는 언어입니다. 만주어 보호에 관심이 있으시다면 참여해주세요! 도움이 필요하거나 토론을 남기고 싶다면, [[Talk:Wp/mnc|여기에서]] 논의하면 됩니다. 만약 만주어 초보이거나 만주어 실력을 향상하고자 한다면, (영어판) 위키책의 [[b:en:Manchu|강좌]]를 확인해보세요. 만주어 위키백과에 바로바로 기여하고 논의하고 싶다면, 단체QQ방에 들어오실 수 있습니다: 번호는 370880321입니다. 만주문자가 보이지 않는다면, 컴퓨터 환경에서 만주문자를 위한 글꼴이 있는지 확인하세요. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ Abkai Xanyan 글꼴]을 내려받을 수 있습니다. 만주문자가 표시되지만 올바른 모양으로 보이지 않는다면, Google Chrome 또는 Firefox 브라우저를 사용하세요. == English == Welcome to the test page of Manchu Wikipedia! Manchu language is the language spoken by Manchus, but now it is critically endangered. If you are interested in protecting this language and contributing here, welcome to join us! If you need help or have any comments, you can discuss [[Talk:Wp/mnc|here]]. If you are a beginner of Manchu language or would like to improve your Manchu level, there are some [[b:en:Manchu|courses]] on Wikibooks. You can join the Telegram group https://t.me/wikipedia_mnc , the IRC channel irc://irc.libera.chat/wikipedia-mnc or the QQ group ''370880321'' (they are mutually connected by a not) if you would like to contribute here and discuss with us in a more direct way. If Manchu script is not displayed correctly in your device, please ensure that a Manchu font has been downloaded on your own device. You can download an [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ Abkai Xanyan Font] on this website. If vertical Manchu script is displayed but the correct form is not showed, please use Chrome or Firefox. [[Category:Wp/mnc]] == Deutsch == Wilkommen auf der Testseite von der mandschurischen Sprache! Diese Sprache wird von der mandschurischen Gemeinschaft gesprochen, aber es gibt nur wenige Lautsprecher. Wenn Sie sich für den Schutz der Sprache interessierenn, sind sie willkommen uns zu treffen! Wenn Sie Fragen oder Kommentare haben, können sie [[Talk:Wp/mnc|hier]] diskutieren. Wenn Sie ein Anfänger in diese Sprache sind, dann gibt es [[b:en:Manchu|Kurze]] auf Wikibook (nur auf Englisch). Sie können QQ-Gruppe ''370880321'' treffen, wenn Sie hier beitragen möchten und also um mit uns mit ein direkte Link zu klappern. Wenn Sie die mandschurischen Symbole nicht sehen : - Gibt es eine Font für mandschurische Symbole ? Sonst gibt es die [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ Abkai Xanyan Font] herunterzuladen. - Laden sie Chrome oder Firefox herunter. == Français == Bienvenue sur la page de test du Wikipédia en langue mandchoue! La langue mandchoue est parlée par le peuple mandchou, mais celle-ci est en voix de disparition avancée. Si vous êtes intéressés par la protection de ce langage, nous vous invitons à nous rejoindre! Si vous avez besoin d'aide ou si vous avez des questions, vous pouvez vous rendre sur [[Talk:Wp/mnc|la page de discussion]]. Si vous êtes débutants dans cette langue, vous pouvez aussi apprendre via [[b:en:Manchu|des cours sur Wikibook]] (en anglais). Vous pouvez aussi rejoindre le groupe QQ ''370880321'' si vous souhaitez contribuer et discuter avec les autres contributeurs par voie directe. Si vous avez des problèmes de lisibilité des caractères mandchous, vérifiez qu'une police adaptée soit installée sur votre poste. Vous pouvez sinon en télécharger une [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ ici] (Abkai Xanyan Font). Si le problème persiste, nous vous conseillons d'utiliser Chrome ou Firefox, si ce n'est déjà le cas. == Español == Sea bienvenido a la versión de prueba de la Wikipedia en manchú. El manchú es la lengua hablada por los manchúes, pero en la actualidad se encuentra en peligro de extinción. Si está interesado en proteger esta lengua, no dude en unirse. Si necesita ayuda o desea dejar algún comentario, puede hacerlo [[Talk:Wp/mnc|aqui]]. Si usted tiene un nivel básico de manchú o desea mejorar su nivel de manchú, puede encontrar un [[b:en:Manchu|curso]] en Wikilibros. Puede unirse al grupo QQ ''370880321'' si desea contribuir y discutir con nosotros de una forma más directa. Si no puede ver el alfabeto manchú, asegurese de que ha cargado la fuente manchú en su sistema. En caso contrario, puede descargar una [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ fuente Abkai Xanyan]. Si puede ver la fuente manchú pero no de forma correcta, use Chrome o Firefox. == Русский == Добро пожаловать на тестовую страницу маньчжурской Википедии! Маньчжурский язык - это язык, на котором говорят маньчжуры, но сейчас этот язык находится под серьезной угрозой исчезновения. Если вы заинтересованы в защите этого языка, добро пожаловать к нам! Если вам нужна помощь или у вас есть комментарии, вы можете обсудить [[Talk:Wp/mnc|здесь]]. Если вы новичок в маньчжурском языке или хотите повысить свой уровень маньчжурского языка, в Викиучебнике есть несколько [[b:en:Manchu|курсов]]. Вы можете присоединиться к группе Telegram https://t.me/wikipedia_mnc , каналу IRC irc://irc.libera.chat/wikipedia-mnc или группе QQ ''370880321'' (они не связаны друг с другом), если вы хотите внести свой вклад и обсудить с нами более прямой путь. Если маньчжурский шрифт не отображается, убедитесь, что в вашей системе загружен маньчжурский шрифт. Вы можете скачать шрифт [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020152652/http://abkai.net/core/download/abkai-xanyan/ Abkai Xanyan]. Если маньчжурский сценарий отображается, но не в правильной форме, используйте Chrome или Firefox. ---- [[Category:Wp/mnc]] n5m3qk4a8hxnzeni1mhqcwqzp7ukp0i 3 1941338 6685557 2768645 2025-06-13T20:40:35Z A09 2560130 A09 moved page [[User talk:Xarkes]] to [[User talk:Renamed user c3b6516db23ef74a9bd4db0c05c61ef7]] without leaving a redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Xarkes|Xarkes]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user c3b6516db23ef74a9bd4db0c05c61ef7|Renamed user c3b6516db23ef74a9bd4db0c05c61ef7]]" 2768645 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}} }} {{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|<div class="rtl-text">|}} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! {{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more. It's free.<br>}} At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]]. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|</div>|}}</div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 10:35, 12 March 2015 (UTC) r1v8renhsfn8kvswj79oiwdpm4910om 0 2654260 6686127 6133207 2025-06-14T09:36:40Z 122.255.227.243 6686127 wikitext text/x-wiki '''中央アジア'''、また'''中央亜細亜'''（ちゅーおーあじあ）、や、昔[[Wp/ryu/ソビエト社会主義共和国連邦|ソ連]]ぬ一部やたる内陸部ぬアジア指する言葉ぬ一ちやいびーん。 == 国 == * [[カザフスタン]] * [[ウズベキスタン]] * [[キルギス]] * [[トルクメニスタン]] * [[タジキスタン]] [[Category:Wp/ryu]] [[Category:Wp/ryu/アジア]] {{INTERWIKI|Q27275}} h8ugjx930oqo7d514ed3ggnjq78ydb6 0 2665541 6686129 5614312 2025-06-14T09:38:47Z 122.255.227.243 6686129 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flag of Japan.svg|250px|right|thumb|日章旗]] 日章旗や、[[Wp/ryu/大和|大和]]ぬ[[Wp/ryu/国旗|国旗]]ぬてぃーちやん。[[Wp/ryu/日ぬ丸|日ぬ丸]]んでぃん言いん。 == ちむえー == あかーやてぃーだちむえーしー、白ーふぃーわ、純粋表すん。 [[Category:Wp/ryu/大和国]] [[Category:Wp/ryu/世界ぬ国旗]] [[Category:Wp/ryu]] {{INTERWIKI|Q43175}} spp0ogg4grg41jbo260a36c06gfrtdw 0 2834724 6685407 3809020 2025-06-13T16:38:47Z Faster than Thunder 2570590 Added city 6685407 wikitext text/x-wiki '''பிரேசில்''' என்பது [[Wy/ta/தென் அமெரிக்கா|தென் அமெரிக்கா]]க் கண்டத்தில் அமைந்துள்ள நாடுகளுள் ஒன்றாகும். ==நகரங்கள்== * '''ஸவொ பவுலொ''': பிரேசில் வின் தலைநகரமும், மிகப்பெரிய நகரமும், மிக முக்கியமான வர்த்தக நகரமும் ஆகும் ==பார்க்க== ==சாப்பிட== ==குடிக்க== ==அடுத்து செல்ல== [[Category:Wy/ta/தென் அமெரிக்க நாடுகள்]] [[Category:Wy/ta]] 7n4qdn1gm4p6tdpmm65z9g6iu5mutc0 0 2846874 6685556 4637432 2025-06-13T20:34:41Z Ziv 2602720 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Valletta coa.svg]] → [[File:Insigne Valettae coronatum.svg]] → File replacement: update to new version ([[c:c:GR]]) 6685556 wikitext text/x-wiki [[image:Malta Valletta Panorama 12.jpg|800px|center]] {{Wy/hy/Բնակավայր | բնակավայր= Վալետա | այլանուն= Belt Valletta | զինանշան = Insigne Valettae coronatum.svg | զինանշանի չափ = | պատկեր = View_of_the_Old_Walled_City_of_Valletta_and_its_harbor._Malta,_Mediterranean_Sea.jpg | պատկերի չափ = | նկարագիր = | կայք = | տարածք = | բնակչություն =9.000 մարդ | տարադրամ = | հեռախոսի կոդ = | ժամային գոտի =UTC+1, ամառը UTC+2 }} Վալետան կամ Լա Վալետան Մալթայի Հանրապետության մայրաքաղաքն է, երկրի տնտեսական և քաղաքական կենտրոնը։ Անվանումը ստացել է մագիստրոս Ժան Պարիզո դե լա Վալետի անունից, որը հիմնադրել և պաշտպանել է քաղաքը օսմանցիներից: Վալետան գտնվում է Մալթա կղզու հյուսիս-արևմտյան մասի՝ ժեռուտ թերակղզու վրա՝ Միջերկրական ծովի բնական երկու նավահանգիստների միջև՝ Մարսամշետ և Գրանդ Հարբոր։ Քաղաքի փողոցների մի մասը ձգվում է Սկիբերաս լեռան լանջերով։ Քաղաքում իշխում է միջերկրածովյան կլիման, որն աչքի է ըմկնում շոգ, չոր ամառներով (հուլիսին ջերմաստիճանը հասնում է +36°-ի) և մեղմ, անձրևոտ ձմեռներով (ջերմաստիճանը չի իջնում +4°-ից): Տեղումների տարեկան քանակը 550 մմ է։ Քաղաքում, ինչպես և երկրում, գետ չկա։ Ստորգետնյա ջրերը մասամբ աղի են. այդ պատճառով բնակչությունը ստիպված է հավաքել անձրևաջուրը գյուղատնտեսական նպատակներով։ Բուսականությունն աղքատ է, հիմնականում՝ թփուտային։ Բույսերի որոշ տեսակներ օգտագործվում են դեղորայքի և օծանելիքի արտադրության մեջ։ [[Category:Wy/hy]] ecfva3cfz2rw9w6vr28egaflp5qhvwb 0 2929340 6685231 5616755 2025-06-13T12:57:16Z CommonsDelinker 992 Replacing [[Image:Europe-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg]] with [[Image:Map_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_Europe.svg]] (deleted by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because of: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 6685231 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Europe.svg|thumbnail|ⲡⲟⲥⲛⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙϩⲉⲣⲥⲉⲕ]] '''ⲡⲟⲥⲛⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙϩⲉⲣⲥⲉⲕ''' ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲑⲟ ϧⲉⲛ[[Wp/cop/ⲉⲩⲣⲱⲡⲏ|ⲉⲩⲣⲱⲡⲏ]]. ϯ[[Wp/cop/ϩⲛⲟⲩⲛⲧⲙⲏ|ϩⲛⲟⲩⲛⲧⲙⲏ]] ⲡⲉ [[Wp/cop/ⲥⲁⲣⲁⲓⲉⲃⲟ|ⲥⲁⲣⲁⲓⲉⲃⲟ]]. [[Category:Wp/cop]] [[Category:Wp/cop/ⲑⲟ]] {{INTERWIKI|Q225}} 2rc0otjm3mm4fsmgb7bxijlm28g6pt5 4 2969803 6685559 6678195 2025-06-13T21:25:28Z Kxeon 2598343 /* Wp/ayl */ 6685559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Shortcut|[[I:RFD]]|archivelink=Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive}} __NEWSECTIONLINK__ This page is for nominating '''test wikis''' for deletion, or for nominating '''pages related to the maintenance of the Incubator''' for deletion. Requests for '''un'''deletions can also be made here. To request the deletion of '''individual pages in a specific test wiki''', please use the relevant talk pages where the editors of the test wiki are most active (such as the talk page of the test wiki's Main Page). Pages that should be speedily deleted should be tagged with <tvar name="1">{{tl|delete}}</tvar> '''with a proper reason'''. It is typically not necessary to request that pages in a test wiki be deleted after the project has been given its own subdomain (e.g., <code>aa.wikipedia.org</code>), since such deletions are part of the normal workflow when creating new wikis. Eventually all pages in the test wiki will be deleted, leaving behind only the [[Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page|info page]]. For the deletion policy, see [[Incubator:Deletion policy]]. {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 1 | archive = 'Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive/((year)) | show = yes }} == [[Wp/sro]] == Like the Wp/arq above, there are some evidences make this test project unsuccessful too. Campidanese is only considered as a dialect of Sardinian, and the [[w:sc:|Sardinian Wikipedia]] already has lots of articles written in this dialect. One scwiki administrator @[[User:L2212|L2212]] also pointed at [[w:Talk:Campidanese Sardinian#Link to Incubator test or Sardinian Wikipedia?|this talk page]], that the real Campidanese speakers always directly contribute scwiki, where the user in that question, Fausta Samaritani, has identified to be another maker of scowiki-like problems, where that user doesn't really speak or write Sardinian, or any dialects of it, and that user's aim looks like to "transform scwiki to be a constellation (sic?)", which doesn't really work-able in any circumstances. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:24, 10 February 2024 (UTC) :I also support the deletion of that test wiki. As @[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] has already written, it's a personal project by a non-speaker (using two names, Fausta Samaritani and Sirmio Cabinigre) that decided to work on it by creating hundreds of copy-pasted and almost empty articles (like the ones regarding [[Wp/sro/2 Maju|the days of the month]], [[Wp/sro/1829|the years]] or [[Wp/sro/Su de 19 sèculus|the centuries]]) with empty sections that someone else would have to fill. The [[Wp/sro]] project was already clearly not successful, having existed for years without a single article, and the sudden push for it's "development" and even its publication as a new language version comes from Fausta Samaritani's desire to split Sardinian in a multitude of wikis, one for every dialect (there are 200+ of them, btw, since every town has its own little differences, so you can imagine how feasible such an idea would be), to create, as Liuxinyu970226 mentioned, a "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian&diff=prev&oldid=23049354 constellation of wikis]" (sic) about it. Considering the fact that Sardinian is a single language with mutual intelligibility between the dialects, that we already have few active users as it is, and that the users that write using the Campidanese orthography (often alongside others, like the LSC one) use sc.wiki (where we also have rules and template to work with multiple orthographies and versions of an article) and have rejected time and time again this project (as you can see in the discussions [[:sc:Wikipedia:Tzilleri#Incubator|here]], [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian|here]] and [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Campidanese_Sardinian|here]], where you can also find more informations about Sardinia's linguistic situation) the fact that she is still insisting is honestly absurd. [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 19:59, 15 February 2024 (UTC) ::I see the Sardinian wiki uses similar tactics like Limburgish, which also has a high dialectual variation (see [[:sc:Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia|Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia]]), so I personally agree that there is no need for separate wikis. However, the requests are marked as eligible by the language subcom, so we have to allow them here. So really, this needs to be addressed at [[:meta:Language committee]] first. Here we facilitate, we don't judge eligibility, that's up to the Langcom. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 16:03, 16 February 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] There are some languages where their "Wikipedia requests" are eligible, but Incubator tests deleted: [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Fala|Fala]] ([[Wp/fax|fax]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Orang Seletar|Orang Seletar]] ([[Wp/ors|ors]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ter Sami|Ter Sami]] ([[Wp/sjt|sjt]]) and [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Votic|Votic]] ([[Wp/vot|vot]]), with the third one been barred for re-creation. To the best of my knowledge, we should re-debate eligibility of these 5 (yep, include sro one) requests, they are controversial requests by even non-L2 speakers. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 17 February 2024 (UTC) ::::Those test projects were deleted because the contents was either gibberish or in another language than the code, not on eligibility reasons. As I indicated before, we facilitate, we don't judge. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 07:19, 17 February 2024 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] Yes, Wp/sro is also containing gibberish and absurd contents provided by speakers of another language, as L2212 said above, "we don't judge" don't mean either, that we can't oppose, just see what I commented at those controversial "eligible" requests: [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Fala#Arguments against|1]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Orang_Seletar#Arguments against|2]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Ter_Sami#Arguments against|3]] and [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Votic#Arguments against|4]] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:51, 26 February 2024 (UTC) ::I am in agreement with the deletion, as presented by @[[User:L2212|L2212]] [[User:Riad Salih|Riad Salih]] ([[User talk:Riad Salih|talk]]) 16:43, 21 February 2024 (UTC) :::Why isn't the wiki transferred to [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0] instead or maybe, move the articles to the Wikipedia in Sardinian with a note explaining that they are written in Sassarese? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:31, 3 March 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] If you can explain that why those contents are not "gibberish and absurd" as explained and endorsed above, feel free. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:34, 23 March 2024 (UTC) : The content should be moved to Sardinian Wikipedia or Miraheze. I don't see anything "gibberish and absurd" in the content. Yes, the articles are small, but that's another problem. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:01, 18 December 2024 (UTC) ::@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] See L2212's comments above, unless if you're really debating his comments, I don't see why Fausta's contributions aren't gibberish and absurd. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 12:41, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :: [[Wp/sro/1991|Example]]. I see, it is a simple small article about year, nothing absurd. They are written, as far as I can judge, in Sardinian, and most likely in Campidanese orthography, because besides Fausta, there was also a user who actually knew Sardinian who edited it. I do not support a separate Campidanese Wikipedia, but we must be objective. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 13:15, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:L2212|L2212]] What's your idea on Danvintius Bookix's idea to merge this test project into sc.wikipedia? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:18, 19 December 2024 (UTC) ::::If there are any useful articles (that were not copied from sc.wiki) ok, we can create the pages or the orthographic subpages to import them, but I have my doubts that that's the case. The example used by @[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] is not any different from an edit made by a bot, would any other wiki import those? We are talking about hundreds of articles here. ::::At the very least, all the empty sections should be deleted, and the text corrected (it's "annu de su de 20 sèculus", not "annu de su 20 sèculus", that's what happens when someone that doesn't speak a language copies and pastes the same unverified text only replacing numbers and the names of the months) but in articles like [[Wp/sro/1829|this one]] that would leave almost nothing. Is it even worth the effort? [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 23:57, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :{{support}} to delete. [[User:Md Mobashir Hossain|&#126;Mobashir]] ([[User talk:Md Mobashir Hossain|talk]]) 10:11, 6 March 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/non]] == As per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Old Norse 2|2nd rejected RFL]], the Old Norse is an extinct proto language, and having a test project violates LPP. Even though there are still Old adults can be considered Old Norse ethnic, they are generally migrated to speak Saami or standard Norwegian (maybe Bokmal or Nynorsk, I don't have interests), so I even don't know why this project was started. Maybe migrate to Incubator Plus before deleted? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 17 October 2024 (UTC) :{{Support}} I support the deletion of this project and, if possible, its migration elsewhere as per the request. I have observed that the project has never been active since its creation. -- [[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:53, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::I'm willing to export it to Incubator 2.0 if deletion is desired. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 18:11, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]], [[Wp/ycr]] == Most of the content in these Incubators was created by [[User:Sdf]]. [[Wp/ils]] and [[Wp/tss]] only have main pages, which appear to be written in SignWriting, but that's it. [[Wp/ycr]] has several one-word pages. They can perhaps be moved to a Wiktionary Incubator, but I'm not even sure about that. I tried pinging [[User:Sdf]] on Meta about this and got no reply. In this state, it's probably better to start those languages from scratch if anyone serious wants to do it. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 19:11, 22 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Delete ils''', No known L1 users according to a 2015 survey, so no hope for any seriously contributors. '''Neutral for tss and ycr''', tss has 24,000 speakers and ycr 3,200, both belong to Taiwan, which looks like the home of Sdf. Tend to ask WMTW staffs @[[User:Supaplex|Supaplex]], [[User:Ffaarr|Ffaarr]], [[User:Imacat|Imacat]], [[User:Alexsh|Alexsh]], [[User:Koala0090|Koala0090]], [[User:JM99|JM99]], [[User:Reke|Reke]], [[User:Natsu621|Natsu621]] and [[User:林非帶你飛|林非帶你飛]] for inputs. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:32, 30 October 2024 (UTC) ::{{done|Deleted}} - [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]]. [[User:Ninjastrikers|<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:blue;font-family:century gothic;">Ninja<span style="color:red">✮</span>Strikers</span>]] ^{<span style="color:Red;font-size:85%;">«[[User talk:Ninjastrikers|☎]]»</span>} 15:03, 9 December 2024 (UTC) : '''Neutral''' If [[User:Sdf]] is local to the languages, as suggested in the discussion, [[Wp/ycr]] may serve as valuable language documentation. In this case, the project should be given a reasonable amount of time to grow, provided there are active local users willing to contribute. Additionally, the short pages with valid content could be moved to the Wiktionary project ([[Wt/ycr]]) after notifying the community. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:21, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/kls]] == There is nothing there except a "main page" that is written in English and Urdu and not in Kalasha. The language is probably eligible, but should be started from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 05:08, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', there are 5,000 native speakers per Ethnologue, are there any possible to find some Pakistani contributors to maintain it? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/lew]] == All the pages are very short and repetitive, and according to @[[User:Janwo|Janwo]], they aren't quite written in the claimed language. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 16:06, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :What i said was that <u>in a few pages</u>, I found sentences partly written in Bahasa Indonesia. --[[User:Janwo|Janwo]] ([[User talk:Janwo|talk]]) 06:04, 27 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 215,000 speakers, maybe contacting [[wmid:|WMID]] for ideas? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:48, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/mbb]] == Only one very short page. The user who created it is no longer active. It's better to start from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 17:03, 29 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 15,000 speakers, not sure whether [[m:Wiki Society of the Philippines]] has idea on finding real L1 speakers to contribute. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:57, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/bph]] == Same story as [[Wp/tin]] above: three one-word pages, a copied template in Russian and a main page entirely in Russian as well. Not a single sentence in Botlikh, and quite obviously never touched by anyone with knowledge of the language. {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 18:15, 17 November 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' 5,240 speakers, also Unwritten [Qaax] language, as such, my comment to tin above also applies here. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:50, 17 November 2024 (UTC) ::It's not about numbers of speakers. A small but dedicated community can be enough to create a thriving project (like [[:avk:|this one]], which 50 speakers), but sometimes a project is closed for the simple reason that nobody wants or needs it, even if the language itself has a million speakers or more. Here we аre dealing with a test wiki created by an anonymous user who clearly doesn't know the language, but simply copy-'n-pasted a main page in Russian from some other test wiki, as well as three one-word pages with words that were probably found [[:ru:Ботлихцы|here]], [[:ru:Ботлихский язык|here]] and [[:wikt:лълъени|here]], none of which have ever been edited by anyone else. According to [[Incubator:Policy#Common reasons for test deletion|policy]], all four of them qualify for deletion. Since there's nothing worth preserving here, wouldn't you agree that it would be better to start from scratch once someone shows up who actually speaks the language? {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 22:43, 19 November 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:IJzeren Jan|IJzeren Jan]] There are indeed someone contributors, whether they are really writting in Botlikh language is a question here, but I still need more evidences to say they aren't. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:00, 23 February 2025 (UTC) :Full {{Support}} of deletion per nominator. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:13, 20 November 2024 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion as explained above. If this project contains no meaningful content and has never been active since its creation, retaining it does not appear to serve any useful purpose. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 05:42, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wt/rml]] == All pages are completely written in Russian, not in Baltic Romani. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 15:48, 3 December 2024 (UTC) : Судя по всему, автор, {{ping|Samuel.A.Kim}}, не совсем верно понял смысл Викисловаря. Думаю, это нужно перенести в русский Викисловарь. I think, it should be moved to Russian Wiktionary. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 09:52, 25 December 2024 (UTC) ::Автор понял суть словаря, но учитывая, что автор создавал материалы в инкубаторе, то в первую очередь приоритетом было наполнение словаря, а не перевод интерфейса. Кроме того, учитывая, что данный диалект использует русский язык в качестве основы, то при работе в инкубаторе было удобнее пользоваться интерфейсом, который был предложен, т.е. русский. [[User:Samuel.A.Kim|Samuel.A.Kim]] ([[User talk:Samuel.A.Kim|talk]]) 19:18, 12 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per [https://www.ethnologue.com/language/rml/ Ethnologue], 7,280 speakers in Poland, 12,000 in Belarus, 460 in Estonia, 1,970 in Lithuania, 5,640 in Latvia, and probably there are speakers in Russia, and all are in 5* (Developing) status. Looks like both Cyrillic and Latin being used for these speakers, just depend on where they're living, better to give some months to see if such purely-russian contents can be translated or not. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 16 January 2025 (UTC) ::Anyway {{ping|Таёжный лес}} The Danvintius Bookix above recently contributed some contents at [[Wq/rml]], is that project also meeting same issue? Or that project is in correct language? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 17 January 2025 (UTC) :::In the correct language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:54, 18 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/lah/Main Page]] == Do we really need a project using macrolanguage code, where all of its member language codes are either having separate test projects, or already having Wikipedias for years? Specifically for the [[iso639-3:lah|lah]]: #Southern Hindko (hnd) - [[Wp/hnd|test project]] #Northern Hindko (hno) - [[Wp/hno|test project]] #Jakati (jat) - [[Wp/jat|test project]] (but claimed "Jatki" which cause another RFD above) #Pahari-Potwari (phr) - [[Wp/phr|test project]] #Western Panjabi (pnb) - [[:pnb:|pnbwiki exists]] #Saraiki (skr) - [[:skr:|skrwiki exists]] #Khetrani (xhe) - [[Wp/xhe|test project]] --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:59, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :Wp/jat & this be deleted because macro languages are not allowed. same case is for Wp/bal. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 17:19, 14 December 2024 (UTC) ::I'm not discussing [[Wp/bal]] due to verification debates in the past months, see [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7EMAJ65BEXKIAWWIB6AF56W4HT3R6NPA/#L5A2IUCABI5GSLZ2IAF5QK6G5TC3FZW4 1], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SUVKRRJ7J5B5HP7H5WKIRS6FZILCYVZV/#TTBSBLP2GDQ4BY35MYWOQNHDEWUAFA34 2], and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/message/J3PVNCZC5YX6NMEW35MQE2JVSHUHZEPO/ 3]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:29, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :::Ok, If Wp/lah is remained, what will be its dialect. so be deleted. also wp/jat be removed because code is not correct. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 15:32, 15 December 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] Dear, As per request of creator of Wp/jat be removed. or it may be moved to Wp/lah. Please do as soon as possible [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 07:04, 2 January 2025 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] There's already a '''[[#Wp/jat,_Wt/jat,_Wb/jat,_Wn/jat,_Wq/jat_and_Wy/jat|jat related discussion]]''' above, anyway I'm not an admin so I can't delete anything. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:06, 2 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/tt]] == These projects are already on Russian Wikinews [[Special:Contributions/151.135.197.56|151.135.197.56]] 13:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :Tend to '''support deletion''' of Wn/kk per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh|rejected RFL]], which as only having little substubs before RFL rejection, there are merely no benefit for having a separate kk.wikinews. Eventually, it currently has '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/kk/|no pages]]'''. (Someone would say that there's [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh 2|second open RFL]], but its creator Bauka0625 didn't create anything except their own user page here) :The later two were discussed [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/3#Wikinews_projects_in_languages_of_the_Russian_Federation|in 2019]] which result no consensus, of which Tatar Wikinews has its [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Tatar|RFL verified as eligible]], I'm not sure whether there's really benefit for second trial of RFD em. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 5 January 2025 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion of the projects as per the request. Besides that, these projects have never been active in the incubator since their creation.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 08:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] The last Tatar one may be a sensitive question as, again, its RFL is verified as eligible, I contacted a user who voted keep in that 2019 DR, that has several contributions to [[Wq/tt]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 10:24, 8 January 2025 (UTC) : "Delete" (in scare quotes because no use of the MediaWiki deletion functionality is involved here - the page will really be replaced with a pointer) [[wn/kk]] as empty. Delete [[wn/sah]], which only contains a main page and no other content. Inclined to delete [[wn/tt]], which only contains a Main Page and one news article from 2020, as well, but not as strongly convinced. In any case these can be recreated if there's a movement to develop the project outside of Russian Wikinews. : Once these are deleted, we need to decide what to do with the domain names https://kk.wikinews.org, https://sah.wikinews.org, https://tt.wikinews.org. :: Inclined to redirect https://tt.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82, https://sah.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9, but redirect https://kk.wikinews.org to https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C (the project page explaining Russian Wikinews' multilingual initiative) since there isn't even a Kazakh Main Page. Although even the first two are very dead. And for all three domains redirect https://tt.wikinews.org/wiki/foo -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/Foo. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 20:03, 12 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Pppery|Pppery]] I think for 3rd one, once we indeed gain consensus to delete, we might need to discuss with langcom members on whether its RFL's eligible status should be revoked. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:42, 13 January 2025 (UTC) ::: The project should remain in-theory eligible. I'm effectively saying to do a [[w:WP:Soft deletion|soft delete]] - delete the nearly-empty test currently there without prejudice against a new movement for starting a test if one forms. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 03:43, 13 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ruo]] == Project contains only six articles, each of which contains only the title or title with a translation into another language. The main page contains only one sentence in Istro-Romanian. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 17:40, 24 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' That rejected RFL was wrongly claiming "Morlakian", where Istro Romanian has 1,400 speakers (of which 300 of them are L1 speakers), contact hrwiki users first? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:40, 27 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' so what. What are the benefits of deleting this? There's 0. Leave the project, and if one day an Istro-Romanian speaker comes, even if it's in 2040, they'll have a project to work on. Maybe they would not know otherwise how to create an Incubator project or that they can in the first place. We already missed a chance to attract an Istro-Romanian speaker [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse/Questions/Archive_974#Wikipedia_i_Rum%C3%A2re%C8%99te?] because no Incubator existed (they never responded to my comment just one month and a half later [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:130.156.128.249&oldid=909944692]). Why'd you want that number to be any higher? :By the way, I wasn't even warned of this deletion request by the nominator. It had to be another user 3 days later. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 18:28, 27 January 2025 (UTC) ::And what are the benefits of wasting server space now? When they come they can easily re-create the project. [[Special:Contributions/5.183.29.95|5.183.29.95]] 11:33, 29 January 2025 (UTC) :::Hahaha. Not ever has an editor cared about "wasting server space". This is the problem of the wealthy [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Guy_Macon/Wikipedia_has_Cancer] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fundraising_statistics] Wikimedia foundation, not yours. Tell me, how does it affect your experience as a reader and/or editor that this project exists in its currently very basic state? It is obvious that a newcomer user will not know how to create an Incubator project. If I or any other don't find them in time to guide them, we just lost another potential native speaker editor. All so that we could save server space on the free, volunteer website. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 17:54, 29 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' It seems to me that there are native users of this language community within Wikimedia who try to contribute to the wrong project. However, they are unable to find Wikimedia Incubator. I can relate to this, as some of my community members often write Sylheti in neighboring language projects, and their contributions get reverted (for example: [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=prev&oldid=7790955 edit] and [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=next&oldid=7790960 revert/removal]) because it’s the wrong language (for neighboring language project). They are unaware that they can contribute to the incubator. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 10:25, 11 February 2025 (UTC) *:Yep, this language belongs to Croatia, a European Union member state, where looks like most "active contributors" are editing [[:hr:|hrwiki]], only some finger-countable number of editors join Incubator. Now, contact who about the situation? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:24, 28 February 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/unm]] == Like some previous sections, [[w:Unami language|Unami]] is an extinct language, so having a test project generally violates the LPP. Probably there are some useful contents that should be migrated to 3rd wiki platforms. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 06:37, 22 February 2025 (UTC) :'''Keep''' while the Wikipedia page has it marked as extinct, ethnologue https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ has this marked as an endangered language, to quote the "Language Vitality" section of ethnologue "Endangered — It is no longer the norm that children learn and use this language." which is what Unami is marked as. People are still learning this language and using this language, it is not extinct. Other Wiki's are up in incubator that would violate the LPP yet they are fine. The Taivoan, Aramaic, Coptic and Ancient Greek Incubators would have to be deleted yet two of those are features on the incubator.wikimedia.org homepage, It would be consistent to keep it based off of other decisions I have seen. [User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 20:55, 1 March 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Really "endangered" instead of just "extinct"? Even there are really spam pages featured in [[special:prefixindex/Wp/unm]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:19, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::That is what I see on Ethnologue. Unless I am reading it wrong? Ethnologue is a trusted source on langauges from what I know. If I am wrong feel free to let me know. I do not agree with the spam pages and I was planning to try to fix them up to not be so short, sometimes just a word like "tipas" was before I found the Wikipedia today and added some substance to it. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 03:22, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] But what I can see on Ethnologue is '''The last known speaker, Edward Thompson, died in 2002.''' If you can't demonstrate that how you can speak this language, then you're not really seriously contributing, and I'd love to revert your contributions. The only article you're ever contributed, [[Wp/unm/Tipas]], doesn't look different from a previous case - [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/2024#Wp/vot|Wp/vot]], to which a user who clearly can't understand that language contributed several "contents", later disclosed as "not in that language, by any circumstances". Verily, it looks like your edits on Incubator are your global "first pieces of your contributions", and I really can't believe that "freshmen" users know the function of requests for deletions discussion page, so I would also doubt if you're a [[w:WP:SOCK|legal "freshman"]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:25, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::::I literally just saw a thing saying this Wikipedia has a request for deletion on the homepage of the thing. Please stop emailing me. This has been my only account with Wikipedia. Do you speak Unami? I dont see that info on your page. How can you judge my skill in a language you do not speak. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 15:32, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Okay even a SRCU regarding your case is failed, the word "Endangered" was also almost not mentioned on that Ethnologue page except, as their general interface, on the page footer as "[https://www.ethnologue.com/endangered-languages/ Endangered Languages]" under "Further Reading", which is just a description page without list , so which thing give you to say the Unami is an "Endangered language"? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:01, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::[https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt]https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt Is a screenshot :::::::[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/]https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ is the link. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:13, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] That imgbb file looks like broken, and I even can't see "Language Vitality" on the very same URL (you can email me to request a screenshot from my part), probably that information is only available for your country living? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:18, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sorry about that, https://postimg.cc/V5Xq944p I just uploaded it on this website, and from waht I see it did properly upload this time? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:21, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Also I saved the page I'm seeing to the in the internet archive https://archive.ph/MiS7h so you might be able to see what I'm seeing? What the archived has saved does have what I see if you scroll down a bit. Unless your country for some reason affects that as well? (As you said, this could be a location thing) [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:26, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Hmm, I suddenly found [https://www.ethnologue.com/pricing/ Unlock The World’s Languages - Pricing], where it said for "Language Vitality", it only show "Simplified Scale" for Starter subscriptions, which cause this information doesn't show for me, such information shows to users with at least Essentials subscriptions, that can be free access for users from World Bank mid/low-income countries, but for some matters it can't work for me. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:39, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Ah. I am on free tier and I see that screenshot I sent to you, with the "Language Vitality" being on "Endangered". I don't have an Essentials subscription, I thought it was free for the longest time until LingoLizard mentioned it (A youtuber). In his video where he lists every living language he does list Unami but I didn't include that as a source since. Well its a youtube video and he sourced Ethnologue like me, and In my opinion that would be like citing from the same source twice and I don't think your supposed to do that, but I can sent you that aswell if you would like with the timestamp? If that would help at all? My apologizes if my reply is a bit confusing, for some reason I am confused but you reply a bit but I'm responding to the best of my abilities from what I am understanding. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:47, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Well, but even that's Endangered, how can it meet [[m:LPP|the policy on project languages]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 08:04, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Forgive me but I do not understand your reply. What do you mean by "well but even thats endangered"? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 13:44, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Hmm interesting, that policy mentioned: ::::::::::::::<blockquote> ::::::::::::::;Ancient or historical languages :::::::::::::::Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages. Where possible, such languages should be bundled with the modern equivalent Wikisource project (such as Old English with English), though that is not required. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::But didn't mention the status of "extinct" and (as you said) "endangered" languages, however for later one, I guess another sentence of the policy can also hold up from your strong "keep" idea? ::::::::::::::<blockquote> :::::::::::::::The Wikimedia Foundation does not seek to develop new linguistic entities; there must be an extensive body of works in that language. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::Do you really have ''an extensive body of works'' for Unami? If not, then by only your edits, this language is still not valid for testing, even you can edit the de facto articles, you can't create new ones. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:55, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::Also, I'm appealing the tvx result above, so it may also have possible to be deleted. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:20, 2 March 2025 (UTC) Me, like the nominator, believed that this language is extinct. However, during the discussion it became clear that this is a controversial issue. So far I do not see any reason to remove the test project. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] I think we do have better 3rd party platform from those users who are indeed interested in such non-living languages, so I don't know what means "remove" by you, what I mean by this RFD is to seek for a migrate, not remove. Also, from what I can see, such non-living languages are technically not allowed on creating articles (even test projects exist), cause them generally dormant, and why this is a "controversial issue"? Isn't [[m:Language_proposal_policy#Specific_issues|LPP clearly said]] "Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages." [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :<s>'''Delete''' Per nom, there are no real speakers of Unami anymore. --[[Special:Contributions/2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257|2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257]] 00:47, 10 April 2025 (UTC)</s> ::Ip Address person. This language still has classes for it see https://6abc.com/lenape-teach-language-indigenous-people-of-pennsylvania-teaching-class/12482441/ ::""The Unami, which is the southern dialect, that's what I teach," said DePaul" ::Linguistics consider Unami and Munsee separate languages while Lenape consider them dialects https://www.talk-lenape.org/about-us the talk-lenape site is a Unami dictionary as you can see. ::It can't both have classes for it and "no real speakers" [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:04, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::If you think that that should still really be a "living" instead of an "extinct" language, you can always submit an ISO change request to correct this: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeMh0ThLA64kxccJG9QXSXa2Q1-I2EPZ_gnXD7ptOuPIbfBCg/viewform] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:24, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] It should also be noticed that according to SIL's [https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=Lenape&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=All&name_3=&field_iso639_element_scope_tid=All&field_iso639_language_type_tid=All&items_per_page=200 query], there's no "Lenape" existing, so any claims which says, or previous said, and or will say, the "Lenape language", are by themselves confusing, since the [[w:Lenape language]] on enwiki redirects to [[w:Delaware languages]], which matches the macrolanguage code del, that contains both Munsee and Unami. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:01, 13 April 2025 (UTC) ::ALSO there is good reason to suspect your a sockpuppet of Liuxinyu970226 based on the whois data for your IP. https://whois.toolforge.org/gateway.py?lookup=true&ip=2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257 ::The WHOIS have you in China and the native language for Liuxinyu is Chinese. Your using your IP to make you look like multiple people to get this deleted from what I can see based on that evidence. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:08, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I am also suspicious because sockpuppetry is something I've seen him mention here and in Wp/tvx. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:10, 10 April 2025 (UTC) ::I have reported you, Liuxinyu to arbcom-en@wikimedia.org. I made it clear that you stop emailing me and you emailed me under this IP of yours. You emailed me with false accusation of sockpuppetry. You left a comment on my talkpage saying that this page won't be deleted if I change the language code to DEL or Umu. I'm not the one who created unm, I don't know how to do that, and that would be pointless considering I don't speak Munsee. I speak Unami. You have even used your IP address to make it seem like mulitple people support the deletion of this unm page. I am done tolerating your bullshit and based on this nightmare experience as my first time giving me panic attacks and putting me in fight or flight whenever I see this stupid ass wikipedia in my inbox or its site layout I have seriously considered leaving Wikipedia because of all the pain YOU have caused me and your harassment. Wikimedia does NOT welcome new users and only argues in bad faith to get what they want based on what I've experienced as a new user. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:26, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] I don't have other devices for logging and/or contributing, I even don't know who is that. Should I revert their edit as vandalism? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:02, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I've striked their comment, and warned that IP to login an account. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:09, 10 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ayl]] == {{Section resolved|1=[[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:25, 13 June 2025 (UTC)|2=Failed to remember the other Arabic dialects getting Wikipedias too. I voted neutral when the source that I went off of turned out to not explicitly say Libyan Arabic isn't too different from Modern Standard Arabic. Should have closed this down the second this was shown to me.<br> ''Plus, someone else also came in and said Libyan Arabic is ''extremely'' different.''<br> But instead of closing it, I left it here and let it go stale, waiting for a discussion that may already be dead to be revived.<br> Unfortunately, it was not revived. So... yeah. If other information is found then this may come back but for now, closed. }} This is Libyan Arabic. Seemingly, this should be merged into Incubator Plus.<br> „The language must be sufficiently unique that it could not coexist on a more general wiki. In most cases, this excludes regional dialects and different written forms of the same language.“ -Language Proposal Policy § Requisites for eligibility Criterion 3 [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 18:26, 27 March 2025 (UTC) : Any evidence will be? This has a language ISO code. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:45, 1 April 2025 (UTC) ::[https://cms.arizona.edu/index.php/multilingual/article/view/207/304 Emma Trentman and Sonia Shiri - The Mutual Intelligibility of Arabic Dialects: Implications for the Language Classroom], and also [[metawiki:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic|Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic]]. Please tell me if that's insufficient. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 15:10, 2 April 2025 (UTC) :: The publication does not say that the Libyan dialect (or very little) does not differ from the standard Arabic. There are already Wikipedias in Egyptian and Moroccan dialects. There was also no evidence in the discussion on the Meta, and the request itself was closed due to the lack of active participants. Thus, there are no arguments in favor of closing the test project - '''Keep'''. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:06, 6 April 2025 (UTC) :::Looks like I didn't check [[wikidata:Q97393767|Q97393767]] (Moroccan Arabic Wikipedia) on Wikidata. [[wikidata:Q2374285|Q2374285]] (Egyptian Arabic Wikipedia) also got in in 2008, after the LPP was enacted. :::A very reasonable argument could be made saying that if Moroccan Arabic and Egyptian Arabic were allowed, by that logic, Libyan Arabic should be too. ''Really should have thought of those two.'' Whoops. :::Considering what happened over there; I'm not expecting anybody to jump in any time soon. Some say it's a dialect. Some say it's a separate language entirely. Some say it's harder to understand, some say it's actually mutually intelligible. Had I done more research than what I went into, I may not have even made his request. So, now I'm '''Neutral''', and due to the existence of the Moroccan and Egyptian Arabic Wikipedias, ''slightly leaning towards keep''? Still unsure about it though, on whether or not this should be allowed or not. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 00:18, 7 April 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per nom, for the record, there are too much of membership language codes of the [[w:macrolanguage|macro]]-Arabic (ar) which created their test projects, two of em are nowadays launched for years and some got their RFL eligible. Needs linguistics from this area to provide suggestions. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:31, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :{{oppose|Strongly}} Libyan dialect is really unique, yes Tunisian is similar to it but there are still major differences. Libyan has taken tons of loanwords from Italian which makes it unique, Wikipedia even has a [[:en:List_of_Libyan_Arabic_words_of_Italian_origin|word list for them]]. You can't restrict millions from reading Wikipedia in their own dialect. [[User:Kirkukturk3|Best iraqi]] ([[User talk:Kirkukturk3|talk]]) 15:15, 21 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wb/be-tarask]], [[Wn/be-tarask]], [[Wq/be-tarask]] and [[Wy/be-tarask]] == According to [[I:PREFIX]], the language (of test projects) must have a valid ISO 639 code, where Taraškievica doesn't, and I don't see any permits from e.g. [[Incubator:Requests for starting a test]] where this is however "specially permitted". --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 04:49, 9 May 2025 (UTC) :1. my activity was due to your invitation. Wikivoyage was created on November 6, 2013 . You created it. :2. there was an invitation to act on the page. So user:Ясамойла starting acting. :3. ISO 639 has a Belarusian language code ('''be''') and Taraškievica is a orthography not a language. :4. right the truth. There's no money and the number of sites needs to be reduced. :[[User:Ясамойла|Ясамойла]] ([[User talk:Ясамойла|talk]]) 14:14, 9 May 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ясамойла}} Why not just merge them with [[b:be:]]? [[Wn/be]]? [[q:be:]]? and [[Wy/be]]? invitation? No, that's from a bot called "Welcoming Bot" in 2014, that bot was not mine. "You created it." lol of lol, the creator is, as per [[Special:Diff/1104359]] & [[Special:Diff/1101203]], the {{ping|Travelour​}}, so your first point is an instrument of ratification of your lies, as well as the second. The third one is correct, but as so, you shouldn't start such projects here, but try to use the existing be tests/project sites, as that's an orthography, and not a language, it's not belong to Incubator, but to the existing projects. And what's meant to be your last point? "no money", have you ever read [[m:Wikimedia Foundation]]? Wikimedia foundation is a non-profit organization, so why do you wanna it to have any "moneys" internally? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:20, 9 May 2025 (UTC) : I understand why the user thought that such projects could exist. There is a Wikipedia in Tarashkevitsa. However, the current rules do not allow creating any other Wikimedia projects in Tarashkevitsa. These projects can be combined with the corresponding projects in the official orthography. Or, maybe, after some reworking, these projects can be made in Interslavic language understandable to all Slavs. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:13, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wy/id]], [[Wp/knc]], [[Wp/tdd]], [[Wq/gor]], [[wp/tig]], [[wt/tcy]]== I propose to remove those wikiprojects from Incubator because they were imported and created a long time ago. [[User:Пан Хаунд 2|Пан Хаунд 2]] ([[User talk:Пан Хаунд 2|talk]]) 16:12, 6 June 2025 (UTC) 3hjhzrkzhm0r8m2592f8vwtt04tufos 6685560 6685559 2025-06-13T21:25:47Z Kxeon 2598343 /* Wp/ayl */ 6685560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Shortcut|[[I:RFD]]|archivelink=Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive}} __NEWSECTIONLINK__ This page is for nominating '''test wikis''' for deletion, or for nominating '''pages related to the maintenance of the Incubator''' for deletion. Requests for '''un'''deletions can also be made here. To request the deletion of '''individual pages in a specific test wiki''', please use the relevant talk pages where the editors of the test wiki are most active (such as the talk page of the test wiki's Main Page). Pages that should be speedily deleted should be tagged with <tvar name="1">{{tl|delete}}</tvar> '''with a proper reason'''. It is typically not necessary to request that pages in a test wiki be deleted after the project has been given its own subdomain (e.g., <code>aa.wikipedia.org</code>), since such deletions are part of the normal workflow when creating new wikis. Eventually all pages in the test wiki will be deleted, leaving behind only the [[Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page|info page]]. For the deletion policy, see [[Incubator:Deletion policy]]. {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 1 | archive = 'Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive/((year)) | show = yes }} == [[Wp/sro]] == Like the Wp/arq above, there are some evidences make this test project unsuccessful too. Campidanese is only considered as a dialect of Sardinian, and the [[w:sc:|Sardinian Wikipedia]] already has lots of articles written in this dialect. One scwiki administrator @[[User:L2212|L2212]] also pointed at [[w:Talk:Campidanese Sardinian#Link to Incubator test or Sardinian Wikipedia?|this talk page]], that the real Campidanese speakers always directly contribute scwiki, where the user in that question, Fausta Samaritani, has identified to be another maker of scowiki-like problems, where that user doesn't really speak or write Sardinian, or any dialects of it, and that user's aim looks like to "transform scwiki to be a constellation (sic?)", which doesn't really work-able in any circumstances. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:24, 10 February 2024 (UTC) :I also support the deletion of that test wiki. As @[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] has already written, it's a personal project by a non-speaker (using two names, Fausta Samaritani and Sirmio Cabinigre) that decided to work on it by creating hundreds of copy-pasted and almost empty articles (like the ones regarding [[Wp/sro/2 Maju|the days of the month]], [[Wp/sro/1829|the years]] or [[Wp/sro/Su de 19 sèculus|the centuries]]) with empty sections that someone else would have to fill. The [[Wp/sro]] project was already clearly not successful, having existed for years without a single article, and the sudden push for it's "development" and even its publication as a new language version comes from Fausta Samaritani's desire to split Sardinian in a multitude of wikis, one for every dialect (there are 200+ of them, btw, since every town has its own little differences, so you can imagine how feasible such an idea would be), to create, as Liuxinyu970226 mentioned, a "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian&diff=prev&oldid=23049354 constellation of wikis]" (sic) about it. Considering the fact that Sardinian is a single language with mutual intelligibility between the dialects, that we already have few active users as it is, and that the users that write using the Campidanese orthography (often alongside others, like the LSC one) use sc.wiki (where we also have rules and template to work with multiple orthographies and versions of an article) and have rejected time and time again this project (as you can see in the discussions [[:sc:Wikipedia:Tzilleri#Incubator|here]], [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian|here]] and [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Campidanese_Sardinian|here]], where you can also find more informations about Sardinia's linguistic situation) the fact that she is still insisting is honestly absurd. [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 19:59, 15 February 2024 (UTC) ::I see the Sardinian wiki uses similar tactics like Limburgish, which also has a high dialectual variation (see [[:sc:Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia|Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia]]), so I personally agree that there is no need for separate wikis. However, the requests are marked as eligible by the language subcom, so we have to allow them here. So really, this needs to be addressed at [[:meta:Language committee]] first. Here we facilitate, we don't judge eligibility, that's up to the Langcom. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 16:03, 16 February 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] There are some languages where their "Wikipedia requests" are eligible, but Incubator tests deleted: [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Fala|Fala]] ([[Wp/fax|fax]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Orang Seletar|Orang Seletar]] ([[Wp/ors|ors]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ter Sami|Ter Sami]] ([[Wp/sjt|sjt]]) and [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Votic|Votic]] ([[Wp/vot|vot]]), with the third one been barred for re-creation. To the best of my knowledge, we should re-debate eligibility of these 5 (yep, include sro one) requests, they are controversial requests by even non-L2 speakers. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 17 February 2024 (UTC) ::::Those test projects were deleted because the contents was either gibberish or in another language than the code, not on eligibility reasons. As I indicated before, we facilitate, we don't judge. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 07:19, 17 February 2024 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] Yes, Wp/sro is also containing gibberish and absurd contents provided by speakers of another language, as L2212 said above, "we don't judge" don't mean either, that we can't oppose, just see what I commented at those controversial "eligible" requests: [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Fala#Arguments against|1]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Orang_Seletar#Arguments against|2]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Ter_Sami#Arguments against|3]] and [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Votic#Arguments against|4]] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:51, 26 February 2024 (UTC) ::I am in agreement with the deletion, as presented by @[[User:L2212|L2212]] [[User:Riad Salih|Riad Salih]] ([[User talk:Riad Salih|talk]]) 16:43, 21 February 2024 (UTC) :::Why isn't the wiki transferred to [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0] instead or maybe, move the articles to the Wikipedia in Sardinian with a note explaining that they are written in Sassarese? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:31, 3 March 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] If you can explain that why those contents are not "gibberish and absurd" as explained and endorsed above, feel free. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:34, 23 March 2024 (UTC) : The content should be moved to Sardinian Wikipedia or Miraheze. I don't see anything "gibberish and absurd" in the content. Yes, the articles are small, but that's another problem. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:01, 18 December 2024 (UTC) ::@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] See L2212's comments above, unless if you're really debating his comments, I don't see why Fausta's contributions aren't gibberish and absurd. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 12:41, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :: [[Wp/sro/1991|Example]]. I see, it is a simple small article about year, nothing absurd. They are written, as far as I can judge, in Sardinian, and most likely in Campidanese orthography, because besides Fausta, there was also a user who actually knew Sardinian who edited it. I do not support a separate Campidanese Wikipedia, but we must be objective. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 13:15, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:L2212|L2212]] What's your idea on Danvintius Bookix's idea to merge this test project into sc.wikipedia? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:18, 19 December 2024 (UTC) ::::If there are any useful articles (that were not copied from sc.wiki) ok, we can create the pages or the orthographic subpages to import them, but I have my doubts that that's the case. The example used by @[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] is not any different from an edit made by a bot, would any other wiki import those? We are talking about hundreds of articles here. ::::At the very least, all the empty sections should be deleted, and the text corrected (it's "annu de su de 20 sèculus", not "annu de su 20 sèculus", that's what happens when someone that doesn't speak a language copies and pastes the same unverified text only replacing numbers and the names of the months) but in articles like [[Wp/sro/1829|this one]] that would leave almost nothing. Is it even worth the effort? [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 23:57, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :{{support}} to delete. [[User:Md Mobashir Hossain|&#126;Mobashir]] ([[User talk:Md Mobashir Hossain|talk]]) 10:11, 6 March 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/non]] == As per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Old Norse 2|2nd rejected RFL]], the Old Norse is an extinct proto language, and having a test project violates LPP. Even though there are still Old adults can be considered Old Norse ethnic, they are generally migrated to speak Saami or standard Norwegian (maybe Bokmal or Nynorsk, I don't have interests), so I even don't know why this project was started. Maybe migrate to Incubator Plus before deleted? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 17 October 2024 (UTC) :{{Support}} I support the deletion of this project and, if possible, its migration elsewhere as per the request. I have observed that the project has never been active since its creation. -- [[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:53, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::I'm willing to export it to Incubator 2.0 if deletion is desired. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 18:11, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]], [[Wp/ycr]] == Most of the content in these Incubators was created by [[User:Sdf]]. [[Wp/ils]] and [[Wp/tss]] only have main pages, which appear to be written in SignWriting, but that's it. [[Wp/ycr]] has several one-word pages. They can perhaps be moved to a Wiktionary Incubator, but I'm not even sure about that. I tried pinging [[User:Sdf]] on Meta about this and got no reply. In this state, it's probably better to start those languages from scratch if anyone serious wants to do it. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 19:11, 22 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Delete ils''', No known L1 users according to a 2015 survey, so no hope for any seriously contributors. '''Neutral for tss and ycr''', tss has 24,000 speakers and ycr 3,200, both belong to Taiwan, which looks like the home of Sdf. Tend to ask WMTW staffs @[[User:Supaplex|Supaplex]], [[User:Ffaarr|Ffaarr]], [[User:Imacat|Imacat]], [[User:Alexsh|Alexsh]], [[User:Koala0090|Koala0090]], [[User:JM99|JM99]], [[User:Reke|Reke]], [[User:Natsu621|Natsu621]] and [[User:林非帶你飛|林非帶你飛]] for inputs. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:32, 30 October 2024 (UTC) ::{{done|Deleted}} - [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]]. [[User:Ninjastrikers|<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:blue;font-family:century gothic;">Ninja<span style="color:red">✮</span>Strikers</span>]] ^{<span style="color:Red;font-size:85%;">«[[User talk:Ninjastrikers|☎]]»</span>} 15:03, 9 December 2024 (UTC) : '''Neutral''' If [[User:Sdf]] is local to the languages, as suggested in the discussion, [[Wp/ycr]] may serve as valuable language documentation. In this case, the project should be given a reasonable amount of time to grow, provided there are active local users willing to contribute. Additionally, the short pages with valid content could be moved to the Wiktionary project ([[Wt/ycr]]) after notifying the community. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:21, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/kls]] == There is nothing there except a "main page" that is written in English and Urdu and not in Kalasha. The language is probably eligible, but should be started from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 05:08, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', there are 5,000 native speakers per Ethnologue, are there any possible to find some Pakistani contributors to maintain it? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/lew]] == All the pages are very short and repetitive, and according to @[[User:Janwo|Janwo]], they aren't quite written in the claimed language. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 16:06, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :What i said was that <u>in a few pages</u>, I found sentences partly written in Bahasa Indonesia. --[[User:Janwo|Janwo]] ([[User talk:Janwo|talk]]) 06:04, 27 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 215,000 speakers, maybe contacting [[wmid:|WMID]] for ideas? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:48, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/mbb]] == Only one very short page. The user who created it is no longer active. It's better to start from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 17:03, 29 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 15,000 speakers, not sure whether [[m:Wiki Society of the Philippines]] has idea on finding real L1 speakers to contribute. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:57, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/bph]] == Same story as [[Wp/tin]] above: three one-word pages, a copied template in Russian and a main page entirely in Russian as well. Not a single sentence in Botlikh, and quite obviously never touched by anyone with knowledge of the language. {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 18:15, 17 November 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' 5,240 speakers, also Unwritten [Qaax] language, as such, my comment to tin above also applies here. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:50, 17 November 2024 (UTC) ::It's not about numbers of speakers. A small but dedicated community can be enough to create a thriving project (like [[:avk:|this one]], which 50 speakers), but sometimes a project is closed for the simple reason that nobody wants or needs it, even if the language itself has a million speakers or more. Here we аre dealing with a test wiki created by an anonymous user who clearly doesn't know the language, but simply copy-'n-pasted a main page in Russian from some other test wiki, as well as three one-word pages with words that were probably found [[:ru:Ботлихцы|here]], [[:ru:Ботлихский язык|here]] and [[:wikt:лълъени|here]], none of which have ever been edited by anyone else. According to [[Incubator:Policy#Common reasons for test deletion|policy]], all four of them qualify for deletion. Since there's nothing worth preserving here, wouldn't you agree that it would be better to start from scratch once someone shows up who actually speaks the language? {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 22:43, 19 November 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:IJzeren Jan|IJzeren Jan]] There are indeed someone contributors, whether they are really writting in Botlikh language is a question here, but I still need more evidences to say they aren't. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:00, 23 February 2025 (UTC) :Full {{Support}} of deletion per nominator. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:13, 20 November 2024 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion as explained above. If this project contains no meaningful content and has never been active since its creation, retaining it does not appear to serve any useful purpose. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 05:42, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wt/rml]] == All pages are completely written in Russian, not in Baltic Romani. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 15:48, 3 December 2024 (UTC) : Судя по всему, автор, {{ping|Samuel.A.Kim}}, не совсем верно понял смысл Викисловаря. Думаю, это нужно перенести в русский Викисловарь. I think, it should be moved to Russian Wiktionary. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 09:52, 25 December 2024 (UTC) ::Автор понял суть словаря, но учитывая, что автор создавал материалы в инкубаторе, то в первую очередь приоритетом было наполнение словаря, а не перевод интерфейса. Кроме того, учитывая, что данный диалект использует русский язык в качестве основы, то при работе в инкубаторе было удобнее пользоваться интерфейсом, который был предложен, т.е. русский. [[User:Samuel.A.Kim|Samuel.A.Kim]] ([[User talk:Samuel.A.Kim|talk]]) 19:18, 12 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per [https://www.ethnologue.com/language/rml/ Ethnologue], 7,280 speakers in Poland, 12,000 in Belarus, 460 in Estonia, 1,970 in Lithuania, 5,640 in Latvia, and probably there are speakers in Russia, and all are in 5* (Developing) status. Looks like both Cyrillic and Latin being used for these speakers, just depend on where they're living, better to give some months to see if such purely-russian contents can be translated or not. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 16 January 2025 (UTC) ::Anyway {{ping|Таёжный лес}} The Danvintius Bookix above recently contributed some contents at [[Wq/rml]], is that project also meeting same issue? Or that project is in correct language? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 17 January 2025 (UTC) :::In the correct language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:54, 18 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/lah/Main Page]] == Do we really need a project using macrolanguage code, where all of its member language codes are either having separate test projects, or already having Wikipedias for years? Specifically for the [[iso639-3:lah|lah]]: #Southern Hindko (hnd) - [[Wp/hnd|test project]] #Northern Hindko (hno) - [[Wp/hno|test project]] #Jakati (jat) - [[Wp/jat|test project]] (but claimed "Jatki" which cause another RFD above) #Pahari-Potwari (phr) - [[Wp/phr|test project]] #Western Panjabi (pnb) - [[:pnb:|pnbwiki exists]] #Saraiki (skr) - [[:skr:|skrwiki exists]] #Khetrani (xhe) - [[Wp/xhe|test project]] --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:59, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :Wp/jat & this be deleted because macro languages are not allowed. same case is for Wp/bal. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 17:19, 14 December 2024 (UTC) ::I'm not discussing [[Wp/bal]] due to verification debates in the past months, see [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7EMAJ65BEXKIAWWIB6AF56W4HT3R6NPA/#L5A2IUCABI5GSLZ2IAF5QK6G5TC3FZW4 1], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SUVKRRJ7J5B5HP7H5WKIRS6FZILCYVZV/#TTBSBLP2GDQ4BY35MYWOQNHDEWUAFA34 2], and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/message/J3PVNCZC5YX6NMEW35MQE2JVSHUHZEPO/ 3]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:29, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :::Ok, If Wp/lah is remained, what will be its dialect. so be deleted. also wp/jat be removed because code is not correct. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 15:32, 15 December 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] Dear, As per request of creator of Wp/jat be removed. or it may be moved to Wp/lah. Please do as soon as possible [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 07:04, 2 January 2025 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] There's already a '''[[#Wp/jat,_Wt/jat,_Wb/jat,_Wn/jat,_Wq/jat_and_Wy/jat|jat related discussion]]''' above, anyway I'm not an admin so I can't delete anything. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:06, 2 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/tt]] == These projects are already on Russian Wikinews [[Special:Contributions/151.135.197.56|151.135.197.56]] 13:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :Tend to '''support deletion''' of Wn/kk per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh|rejected RFL]], which as only having little substubs before RFL rejection, there are merely no benefit for having a separate kk.wikinews. Eventually, it currently has '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/kk/|no pages]]'''. (Someone would say that there's [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh 2|second open RFL]], but its creator Bauka0625 didn't create anything except their own user page here) :The later two were discussed [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/3#Wikinews_projects_in_languages_of_the_Russian_Federation|in 2019]] which result no consensus, of which Tatar Wikinews has its [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Tatar|RFL verified as eligible]], I'm not sure whether there's really benefit for second trial of RFD em. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 5 January 2025 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion of the projects as per the request. Besides that, these projects have never been active in the incubator since their creation.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 08:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] The last Tatar one may be a sensitive question as, again, its RFL is verified as eligible, I contacted a user who voted keep in that 2019 DR, that has several contributions to [[Wq/tt]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 10:24, 8 January 2025 (UTC) : "Delete" (in scare quotes because no use of the MediaWiki deletion functionality is involved here - the page will really be replaced with a pointer) [[wn/kk]] as empty. Delete [[wn/sah]], which only contains a main page and no other content. Inclined to delete [[wn/tt]], which only contains a Main Page and one news article from 2020, as well, but not as strongly convinced. In any case these can be recreated if there's a movement to develop the project outside of Russian Wikinews. : Once these are deleted, we need to decide what to do with the domain names https://kk.wikinews.org, https://sah.wikinews.org, https://tt.wikinews.org. :: Inclined to redirect https://tt.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82, https://sah.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9, but redirect https://kk.wikinews.org to https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C (the project page explaining Russian Wikinews' multilingual initiative) since there isn't even a Kazakh Main Page. Although even the first two are very dead. And for all three domains redirect https://tt.wikinews.org/wiki/foo -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/Foo. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 20:03, 12 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Pppery|Pppery]] I think for 3rd one, once we indeed gain consensus to delete, we might need to discuss with langcom members on whether its RFL's eligible status should be revoked. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:42, 13 January 2025 (UTC) ::: The project should remain in-theory eligible. I'm effectively saying to do a [[w:WP:Soft deletion|soft delete]] - delete the nearly-empty test currently there without prejudice against a new movement for starting a test if one forms. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 03:43, 13 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ruo]] == Project contains only six articles, each of which contains only the title or title with a translation into another language. The main page contains only one sentence in Istro-Romanian. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 17:40, 24 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' That rejected RFL was wrongly claiming "Morlakian", where Istro Romanian has 1,400 speakers (of which 300 of them are L1 speakers), contact hrwiki users first? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:40, 27 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' so what. What are the benefits of deleting this? There's 0. Leave the project, and if one day an Istro-Romanian speaker comes, even if it's in 2040, they'll have a project to work on. Maybe they would not know otherwise how to create an Incubator project or that they can in the first place. We already missed a chance to attract an Istro-Romanian speaker [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse/Questions/Archive_974#Wikipedia_i_Rum%C3%A2re%C8%99te?] because no Incubator existed (they never responded to my comment just one month and a half later [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:130.156.128.249&oldid=909944692]). Why'd you want that number to be any higher? :By the way, I wasn't even warned of this deletion request by the nominator. It had to be another user 3 days later. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 18:28, 27 January 2025 (UTC) ::And what are the benefits of wasting server space now? When they come they can easily re-create the project. [[Special:Contributions/5.183.29.95|5.183.29.95]] 11:33, 29 January 2025 (UTC) :::Hahaha. Not ever has an editor cared about "wasting server space". This is the problem of the wealthy [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Guy_Macon/Wikipedia_has_Cancer] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fundraising_statistics] Wikimedia foundation, not yours. Tell me, how does it affect your experience as a reader and/or editor that this project exists in its currently very basic state? It is obvious that a newcomer user will not know how to create an Incubator project. If I or any other don't find them in time to guide them, we just lost another potential native speaker editor. All so that we could save server space on the free, volunteer website. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 17:54, 29 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' It seems to me that there are native users of this language community within Wikimedia who try to contribute to the wrong project. However, they are unable to find Wikimedia Incubator. I can relate to this, as some of my community members often write Sylheti in neighboring language projects, and their contributions get reverted (for example: [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=prev&oldid=7790955 edit] and [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=next&oldid=7790960 revert/removal]) because it’s the wrong language (for neighboring language project). They are unaware that they can contribute to the incubator. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 10:25, 11 February 2025 (UTC) *:Yep, this language belongs to Croatia, a European Union member state, where looks like most "active contributors" are editing [[:hr:|hrwiki]], only some finger-countable number of editors join Incubator. Now, contact who about the situation? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:24, 28 February 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/unm]] == Like some previous sections, [[w:Unami language|Unami]] is an extinct language, so having a test project generally violates the LPP. Probably there are some useful contents that should be migrated to 3rd wiki platforms. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 06:37, 22 February 2025 (UTC) :'''Keep''' while the Wikipedia page has it marked as extinct, ethnologue https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ has this marked as an endangered language, to quote the "Language Vitality" section of ethnologue "Endangered — It is no longer the norm that children learn and use this language." which is what Unami is marked as. People are still learning this language and using this language, it is not extinct. Other Wiki's are up in incubator that would violate the LPP yet they are fine. The Taivoan, Aramaic, Coptic and Ancient Greek Incubators would have to be deleted yet two of those are features on the incubator.wikimedia.org homepage, It would be consistent to keep it based off of other decisions I have seen. [User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 20:55, 1 March 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Really "endangered" instead of just "extinct"? Even there are really spam pages featured in [[special:prefixindex/Wp/unm]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:19, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::That is what I see on Ethnologue. Unless I am reading it wrong? Ethnologue is a trusted source on langauges from what I know. If I am wrong feel free to let me know. I do not agree with the spam pages and I was planning to try to fix them up to not be so short, sometimes just a word like "tipas" was before I found the Wikipedia today and added some substance to it. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 03:22, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] But what I can see on Ethnologue is '''The last known speaker, Edward Thompson, died in 2002.''' If you can't demonstrate that how you can speak this language, then you're not really seriously contributing, and I'd love to revert your contributions. The only article you're ever contributed, [[Wp/unm/Tipas]], doesn't look different from a previous case - [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/2024#Wp/vot|Wp/vot]], to which a user who clearly can't understand that language contributed several "contents", later disclosed as "not in that language, by any circumstances". Verily, it looks like your edits on Incubator are your global "first pieces of your contributions", and I really can't believe that "freshmen" users know the function of requests for deletions discussion page, so I would also doubt if you're a [[w:WP:SOCK|legal "freshman"]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:25, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::::I literally just saw a thing saying this Wikipedia has a request for deletion on the homepage of the thing. Please stop emailing me. This has been my only account with Wikipedia. Do you speak Unami? I dont see that info on your page. How can you judge my skill in a language you do not speak. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 15:32, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Okay even a SRCU regarding your case is failed, the word "Endangered" was also almost not mentioned on that Ethnologue page except, as their general interface, on the page footer as "[https://www.ethnologue.com/endangered-languages/ Endangered Languages]" under "Further Reading", which is just a description page without list , so which thing give you to say the Unami is an "Endangered language"? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:01, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::[https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt]https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt Is a screenshot :::::::[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/]https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ is the link. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:13, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] That imgbb file looks like broken, and I even can't see "Language Vitality" on the very same URL (you can email me to request a screenshot from my part), probably that information is only available for your country living? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:18, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sorry about that, https://postimg.cc/V5Xq944p I just uploaded it on this website, and from waht I see it did properly upload this time? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:21, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Also I saved the page I'm seeing to the in the internet archive https://archive.ph/MiS7h so you might be able to see what I'm seeing? What the archived has saved does have what I see if you scroll down a bit. Unless your country for some reason affects that as well? (As you said, this could be a location thing) [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:26, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Hmm, I suddenly found [https://www.ethnologue.com/pricing/ Unlock The World’s Languages - Pricing], where it said for "Language Vitality", it only show "Simplified Scale" for Starter subscriptions, which cause this information doesn't show for me, such information shows to users with at least Essentials subscriptions, that can be free access for users from World Bank mid/low-income countries, but for some matters it can't work for me. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:39, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Ah. I am on free tier and I see that screenshot I sent to you, with the "Language Vitality" being on "Endangered". I don't have an Essentials subscription, I thought it was free for the longest time until LingoLizard mentioned it (A youtuber). In his video where he lists every living language he does list Unami but I didn't include that as a source since. Well its a youtube video and he sourced Ethnologue like me, and In my opinion that would be like citing from the same source twice and I don't think your supposed to do that, but I can sent you that aswell if you would like with the timestamp? If that would help at all? My apologizes if my reply is a bit confusing, for some reason I am confused but you reply a bit but I'm responding to the best of my abilities from what I am understanding. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:47, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Well, but even that's Endangered, how can it meet [[m:LPP|the policy on project languages]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 08:04, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Forgive me but I do not understand your reply. What do you mean by "well but even thats endangered"? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 13:44, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Hmm interesting, that policy mentioned: ::::::::::::::<blockquote> ::::::::::::::;Ancient or historical languages :::::::::::::::Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages. Where possible, such languages should be bundled with the modern equivalent Wikisource project (such as Old English with English), though that is not required. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::But didn't mention the status of "extinct" and (as you said) "endangered" languages, however for later one, I guess another sentence of the policy can also hold up from your strong "keep" idea? ::::::::::::::<blockquote> :::::::::::::::The Wikimedia Foundation does not seek to develop new linguistic entities; there must be an extensive body of works in that language. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::Do you really have ''an extensive body of works'' for Unami? If not, then by only your edits, this language is still not valid for testing, even you can edit the de facto articles, you can't create new ones. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:55, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::Also, I'm appealing the tvx result above, so it may also have possible to be deleted. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:20, 2 March 2025 (UTC) Me, like the nominator, believed that this language is extinct. However, during the discussion it became clear that this is a controversial issue. So far I do not see any reason to remove the test project. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] I think we do have better 3rd party platform from those users who are indeed interested in such non-living languages, so I don't know what means "remove" by you, what I mean by this RFD is to seek for a migrate, not remove. Also, from what I can see, such non-living languages are technically not allowed on creating articles (even test projects exist), cause them generally dormant, and why this is a "controversial issue"? Isn't [[m:Language_proposal_policy#Specific_issues|LPP clearly said]] "Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages." [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :<s>'''Delete''' Per nom, there are no real speakers of Unami anymore. --[[Special:Contributions/2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257|2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257]] 00:47, 10 April 2025 (UTC)</s> ::Ip Address person. This language still has classes for it see https://6abc.com/lenape-teach-language-indigenous-people-of-pennsylvania-teaching-class/12482441/ ::""The Unami, which is the southern dialect, that's what I teach," said DePaul" ::Linguistics consider Unami and Munsee separate languages while Lenape consider them dialects https://www.talk-lenape.org/about-us the talk-lenape site is a Unami dictionary as you can see. ::It can't both have classes for it and "no real speakers" [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:04, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::If you think that that should still really be a "living" instead of an "extinct" language, you can always submit an ISO change request to correct this: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeMh0ThLA64kxccJG9QXSXa2Q1-I2EPZ_gnXD7ptOuPIbfBCg/viewform] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:24, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] It should also be noticed that according to SIL's [https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=Lenape&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=All&name_3=&field_iso639_element_scope_tid=All&field_iso639_language_type_tid=All&items_per_page=200 query], there's no "Lenape" existing, so any claims which says, or previous said, and or will say, the "Lenape language", are by themselves confusing, since the [[w:Lenape language]] on enwiki redirects to [[w:Delaware languages]], which matches the macrolanguage code del, that contains both Munsee and Unami. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:01, 13 April 2025 (UTC) ::ALSO there is good reason to suspect your a sockpuppet of Liuxinyu970226 based on the whois data for your IP. https://whois.toolforge.org/gateway.py?lookup=true&ip=2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257 ::The WHOIS have you in China and the native language for Liuxinyu is Chinese. Your using your IP to make you look like multiple people to get this deleted from what I can see based on that evidence. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:08, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I am also suspicious because sockpuppetry is something I've seen him mention here and in Wp/tvx. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:10, 10 April 2025 (UTC) ::I have reported you, Liuxinyu to arbcom-en@wikimedia.org. I made it clear that you stop emailing me and you emailed me under this IP of yours. You emailed me with false accusation of sockpuppetry. You left a comment on my talkpage saying that this page won't be deleted if I change the language code to DEL or Umu. I'm not the one who created unm, I don't know how to do that, and that would be pointless considering I don't speak Munsee. I speak Unami. You have even used your IP address to make it seem like mulitple people support the deletion of this unm page. I am done tolerating your bullshit and based on this nightmare experience as my first time giving me panic attacks and putting me in fight or flight whenever I see this stupid ass wikipedia in my inbox or its site layout I have seriously considered leaving Wikipedia because of all the pain YOU have caused me and your harassment. Wikimedia does NOT welcome new users and only argues in bad faith to get what they want based on what I've experienced as a new user. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:26, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] I don't have other devices for logging and/or contributing, I even don't know who is that. Should I revert their edit as vandalism? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:02, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I've striked their comment, and warned that IP to login an account. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:09, 10 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ayl]] == {{Section resolved|1=[[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:25, 13 June 2025 (UTC)|2=Failed to remember the other Arabic dialects getting Wikipedias too. I voted neutral when the source that I went off of turned out to not explicitly say Libyan Arabic isn't too different from Modern Standard Arabic. Should have closed this down the second this was shown to me.<br> ''Plus, someone else also came in and said Libyan Arabic is ''extremely'' different.''<br> But instead of closing it, I left it here and let it go stale, waiting for a discussion that may already be dead to be revived.<br> Unfortunately, it was not revived. So... yeah. If other information is found then this may come back but for now, resolved. }} This is Libyan Arabic. Seemingly, this should be merged into Incubator Plus.<br> „The language must be sufficiently unique that it could not coexist on a more general wiki. In most cases, this excludes regional dialects and different written forms of the same language.“ -Language Proposal Policy § Requisites for eligibility Criterion 3 [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 18:26, 27 March 2025 (UTC) : Any evidence will be? This has a language ISO code. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:45, 1 April 2025 (UTC) ::[https://cms.arizona.edu/index.php/multilingual/article/view/207/304 Emma Trentman and Sonia Shiri - The Mutual Intelligibility of Arabic Dialects: Implications for the Language Classroom], and also [[metawiki:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic|Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic]]. Please tell me if that's insufficient. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 15:10, 2 April 2025 (UTC) :: The publication does not say that the Libyan dialect (or very little) does not differ from the standard Arabic. There are already Wikipedias in Egyptian and Moroccan dialects. There was also no evidence in the discussion on the Meta, and the request itself was closed due to the lack of active participants. Thus, there are no arguments in favor of closing the test project - '''Keep'''. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:06, 6 April 2025 (UTC) :::Looks like I didn't check [[wikidata:Q97393767|Q97393767]] (Moroccan Arabic Wikipedia) on Wikidata. [[wikidata:Q2374285|Q2374285]] (Egyptian Arabic Wikipedia) also got in in 2008, after the LPP was enacted. :::A very reasonable argument could be made saying that if Moroccan Arabic and Egyptian Arabic were allowed, by that logic, Libyan Arabic should be too. ''Really should have thought of those two.'' Whoops. :::Considering what happened over there; I'm not expecting anybody to jump in any time soon. Some say it's a dialect. Some say it's a separate language entirely. Some say it's harder to understand, some say it's actually mutually intelligible. Had I done more research than what I went into, I may not have even made his request. So, now I'm '''Neutral''', and due to the existence of the Moroccan and Egyptian Arabic Wikipedias, ''slightly leaning towards keep''? Still unsure about it though, on whether or not this should be allowed or not. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 00:18, 7 April 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per nom, for the record, there are too much of membership language codes of the [[w:macrolanguage|macro]]-Arabic (ar) which created their test projects, two of em are nowadays launched for years and some got their RFL eligible. Needs linguistics from this area to provide suggestions. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:31, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :{{oppose|Strongly}} Libyan dialect is really unique, yes Tunisian is similar to it but there are still major differences. Libyan has taken tons of loanwords from Italian which makes it unique, Wikipedia even has a [[:en:List_of_Libyan_Arabic_words_of_Italian_origin|word list for them]]. You can't restrict millions from reading Wikipedia in their own dialect. [[User:Kirkukturk3|Best iraqi]] ([[User talk:Kirkukturk3|talk]]) 15:15, 21 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wb/be-tarask]], [[Wn/be-tarask]], [[Wq/be-tarask]] and [[Wy/be-tarask]] == According to [[I:PREFIX]], the language (of test projects) must have a valid ISO 639 code, where Taraškievica doesn't, and I don't see any permits from e.g. [[Incubator:Requests for starting a test]] where this is however "specially permitted". --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 04:49, 9 May 2025 (UTC) :1. my activity was due to your invitation. Wikivoyage was created on November 6, 2013 . You created it. :2. there was an invitation to act on the page. So user:Ясамойла starting acting. :3. ISO 639 has a Belarusian language code ('''be''') and Taraškievica is a orthography not a language. :4. right the truth. There's no money and the number of sites needs to be reduced. :[[User:Ясамойла|Ясамойла]] ([[User talk:Ясамойла|talk]]) 14:14, 9 May 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ясамойла}} Why not just merge them with [[b:be:]]? [[Wn/be]]? [[q:be:]]? and [[Wy/be]]? invitation? No, that's from a bot called "Welcoming Bot" in 2014, that bot was not mine. "You created it." lol of lol, the creator is, as per [[Special:Diff/1104359]] & [[Special:Diff/1101203]], the {{ping|Travelour​}}, so your first point is an instrument of ratification of your lies, as well as the second. The third one is correct, but as so, you shouldn't start such projects here, but try to use the existing be tests/project sites, as that's an orthography, and not a language, it's not belong to Incubator, but to the existing projects. And what's meant to be your last point? "no money", have you ever read [[m:Wikimedia Foundation]]? Wikimedia foundation is a non-profit organization, so why do you wanna it to have any "moneys" internally? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:20, 9 May 2025 (UTC) : I understand why the user thought that such projects could exist. There is a Wikipedia in Tarashkevitsa. However, the current rules do not allow creating any other Wikimedia projects in Tarashkevitsa. These projects can be combined with the corresponding projects in the official orthography. Or, maybe, after some reworking, these projects can be made in Interslavic language understandable to all Slavs. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:13, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wy/id]], [[Wp/knc]], [[Wp/tdd]], [[Wq/gor]], [[wp/tig]], [[wt/tcy]]== I propose to remove those wikiprojects from Incubator because they were imported and created a long time ago. [[User:Пан Хаунд 2|Пан Хаунд 2]] ([[User talk:Пан Хаунд 2|talk]]) 16:12, 6 June 2025 (UTC) 3auzy6jwfa59brn1wenw546mttdip6o 6685561 6685560 2025-06-13T21:28:23Z Kxeon 2598343 /* Wp/ayl */ 6685561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Shortcut|[[I:RFD]]|archivelink=Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive}} __NEWSECTIONLINK__ This page is for nominating '''test wikis''' for deletion, or for nominating '''pages related to the maintenance of the Incubator''' for deletion. Requests for '''un'''deletions can also be made here. To request the deletion of '''individual pages in a specific test wiki''', please use the relevant talk pages where the editors of the test wiki are most active (such as the talk page of the test wiki's Main Page). Pages that should be speedily deleted should be tagged with <tvar name="1">{{tl|delete}}</tvar> '''with a proper reason'''. It is typically not necessary to request that pages in a test wiki be deleted after the project has been given its own subdomain (e.g., <code>aa.wikipedia.org</code>), since such deletions are part of the normal workflow when creating new wikis. Eventually all pages in the test wiki will be deleted, leaving behind only the [[Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page|info page]]. For the deletion policy, see [[Incubator:Deletion policy]]. {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 1 | archive = 'Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive/((year)) | show = yes }} == [[Wp/sro]] == Like the Wp/arq above, there are some evidences make this test project unsuccessful too. Campidanese is only considered as a dialect of Sardinian, and the [[w:sc:|Sardinian Wikipedia]] already has lots of articles written in this dialect. One scwiki administrator @[[User:L2212|L2212]] also pointed at [[w:Talk:Campidanese Sardinian#Link to Incubator test or Sardinian Wikipedia?|this talk page]], that the real Campidanese speakers always directly contribute scwiki, where the user in that question, Fausta Samaritani, has identified to be another maker of scowiki-like problems, where that user doesn't really speak or write Sardinian, or any dialects of it, and that user's aim looks like to "transform scwiki to be a constellation (sic?)", which doesn't really work-able in any circumstances. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:24, 10 February 2024 (UTC) :I also support the deletion of that test wiki. As @[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] has already written, it's a personal project by a non-speaker (using two names, Fausta Samaritani and Sirmio Cabinigre) that decided to work on it by creating hundreds of copy-pasted and almost empty articles (like the ones regarding [[Wp/sro/2 Maju|the days of the month]], [[Wp/sro/1829|the years]] or [[Wp/sro/Su de 19 sèculus|the centuries]]) with empty sections that someone else would have to fill. The [[Wp/sro]] project was already clearly not successful, having existed for years without a single article, and the sudden push for it's "development" and even its publication as a new language version comes from Fausta Samaritani's desire to split Sardinian in a multitude of wikis, one for every dialect (there are 200+ of them, btw, since every town has its own little differences, so you can imagine how feasible such an idea would be), to create, as Liuxinyu970226 mentioned, a "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian&diff=prev&oldid=23049354 constellation of wikis]" (sic) about it. Considering the fact that Sardinian is a single language with mutual intelligibility between the dialects, that we already have few active users as it is, and that the users that write using the Campidanese orthography (often alongside others, like the LSC one) use sc.wiki (where we also have rules and template to work with multiple orthographies and versions of an article) and have rejected time and time again this project (as you can see in the discussions [[:sc:Wikipedia:Tzilleri#Incubator|here]], [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian|here]] and [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Campidanese_Sardinian|here]], where you can also find more informations about Sardinia's linguistic situation) the fact that she is still insisting is honestly absurd. [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 19:59, 15 February 2024 (UTC) ::I see the Sardinian wiki uses similar tactics like Limburgish, which also has a high dialectual variation (see [[:sc:Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia|Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia]]), so I personally agree that there is no need for separate wikis. However, the requests are marked as eligible by the language subcom, so we have to allow them here. So really, this needs to be addressed at [[:meta:Language committee]] first. Here we facilitate, we don't judge eligibility, that's up to the Langcom. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 16:03, 16 February 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] There are some languages where their "Wikipedia requests" are eligible, but Incubator tests deleted: [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Fala|Fala]] ([[Wp/fax|fax]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Orang Seletar|Orang Seletar]] ([[Wp/ors|ors]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ter Sami|Ter Sami]] ([[Wp/sjt|sjt]]) and [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Votic|Votic]] ([[Wp/vot|vot]]), with the third one been barred for re-creation. To the best of my knowledge, we should re-debate eligibility of these 5 (yep, include sro one) requests, they are controversial requests by even non-L2 speakers. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 17 February 2024 (UTC) ::::Those test projects were deleted because the contents was either gibberish or in another language than the code, not on eligibility reasons. As I indicated before, we facilitate, we don't judge. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 07:19, 17 February 2024 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] Yes, Wp/sro is also containing gibberish and absurd contents provided by speakers of another language, as L2212 said above, "we don't judge" don't mean either, that we can't oppose, just see what I commented at those controversial "eligible" requests: [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Fala#Arguments against|1]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Orang_Seletar#Arguments against|2]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Ter_Sami#Arguments against|3]] and [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Votic#Arguments against|4]] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:51, 26 February 2024 (UTC) ::I am in agreement with the deletion, as presented by @[[User:L2212|L2212]] [[User:Riad Salih|Riad Salih]] ([[User talk:Riad Salih|talk]]) 16:43, 21 February 2024 (UTC) :::Why isn't the wiki transferred to [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0] instead or maybe, move the articles to the Wikipedia in Sardinian with a note explaining that they are written in Sassarese? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:31, 3 March 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] If you can explain that why those contents are not "gibberish and absurd" as explained and endorsed above, feel free. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:34, 23 March 2024 (UTC) : The content should be moved to Sardinian Wikipedia or Miraheze. I don't see anything "gibberish and absurd" in the content. Yes, the articles are small, but that's another problem. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:01, 18 December 2024 (UTC) ::@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] See L2212's comments above, unless if you're really debating his comments, I don't see why Fausta's contributions aren't gibberish and absurd. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 12:41, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :: [[Wp/sro/1991|Example]]. I see, it is a simple small article about year, nothing absurd. They are written, as far as I can judge, in Sardinian, and most likely in Campidanese orthography, because besides Fausta, there was also a user who actually knew Sardinian who edited it. I do not support a separate Campidanese Wikipedia, but we must be objective. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 13:15, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:L2212|L2212]] What's your idea on Danvintius Bookix's idea to merge this test project into sc.wikipedia? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:18, 19 December 2024 (UTC) ::::If there are any useful articles (that were not copied from sc.wiki) ok, we can create the pages or the orthographic subpages to import them, but I have my doubts that that's the case. The example used by @[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] is not any different from an edit made by a bot, would any other wiki import those? We are talking about hundreds of articles here. ::::At the very least, all the empty sections should be deleted, and the text corrected (it's "annu de su de 20 sèculus", not "annu de su 20 sèculus", that's what happens when someone that doesn't speak a language copies and pastes the same unverified text only replacing numbers and the names of the months) but in articles like [[Wp/sro/1829|this one]] that would leave almost nothing. Is it even worth the effort? [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 23:57, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :{{support}} to delete. [[User:Md Mobashir Hossain|&#126;Mobashir]] ([[User talk:Md Mobashir Hossain|talk]]) 10:11, 6 March 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/non]] == As per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Old Norse 2|2nd rejected RFL]], the Old Norse is an extinct proto language, and having a test project violates LPP. Even though there are still Old adults can be considered Old Norse ethnic, they are generally migrated to speak Saami or standard Norwegian (maybe Bokmal or Nynorsk, I don't have interests), so I even don't know why this project was started. Maybe migrate to Incubator Plus before deleted? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 17 October 2024 (UTC) :{{Support}} I support the deletion of this project and, if possible, its migration elsewhere as per the request. I have observed that the project has never been active since its creation. -- [[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:53, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::I'm willing to export it to Incubator 2.0 if deletion is desired. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 18:11, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]], [[Wp/ycr]] == Most of the content in these Incubators was created by [[User:Sdf]]. [[Wp/ils]] and [[Wp/tss]] only have main pages, which appear to be written in SignWriting, but that's it. [[Wp/ycr]] has several one-word pages. They can perhaps be moved to a Wiktionary Incubator, but I'm not even sure about that. I tried pinging [[User:Sdf]] on Meta about this and got no reply. In this state, it's probably better to start those languages from scratch if anyone serious wants to do it. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 19:11, 22 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Delete ils''', No known L1 users according to a 2015 survey, so no hope for any seriously contributors. '''Neutral for tss and ycr''', tss has 24,000 speakers and ycr 3,200, both belong to Taiwan, which looks like the home of Sdf. Tend to ask WMTW staffs @[[User:Supaplex|Supaplex]], [[User:Ffaarr|Ffaarr]], [[User:Imacat|Imacat]], [[User:Alexsh|Alexsh]], [[User:Koala0090|Koala0090]], [[User:JM99|JM99]], [[User:Reke|Reke]], [[User:Natsu621|Natsu621]] and [[User:林非帶你飛|林非帶你飛]] for inputs. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:32, 30 October 2024 (UTC) ::{{done|Deleted}} - [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]]. [[User:Ninjastrikers|<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:blue;font-family:century gothic;">Ninja<span style="color:red">✮</span>Strikers</span>]] ^{<span style="color:Red;font-size:85%;">«[[User talk:Ninjastrikers|☎]]»</span>} 15:03, 9 December 2024 (UTC) : '''Neutral''' If [[User:Sdf]] is local to the languages, as suggested in the discussion, [[Wp/ycr]] may serve as valuable language documentation. In this case, the project should be given a reasonable amount of time to grow, provided there are active local users willing to contribute. Additionally, the short pages with valid content could be moved to the Wiktionary project ([[Wt/ycr]]) after notifying the community. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:21, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/kls]] == There is nothing there except a "main page" that is written in English and Urdu and not in Kalasha. The language is probably eligible, but should be started from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 05:08, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', there are 5,000 native speakers per Ethnologue, are there any possible to find some Pakistani contributors to maintain it? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/lew]] == All the pages are very short and repetitive, and according to @[[User:Janwo|Janwo]], they aren't quite written in the claimed language. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 16:06, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :What i said was that <u>in a few pages</u>, I found sentences partly written in Bahasa Indonesia. --[[User:Janwo|Janwo]] ([[User talk:Janwo|talk]]) 06:04, 27 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 215,000 speakers, maybe contacting [[wmid:|WMID]] for ideas? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:48, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/mbb]] == Only one very short page. The user who created it is no longer active. It's better to start from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 17:03, 29 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 15,000 speakers, not sure whether [[m:Wiki Society of the Philippines]] has idea on finding real L1 speakers to contribute. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:57, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/bph]] == Same story as [[Wp/tin]] above: three one-word pages, a copied template in Russian and a main page entirely in Russian as well. Not a single sentence in Botlikh, and quite obviously never touched by anyone with knowledge of the language. {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 18:15, 17 November 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' 5,240 speakers, also Unwritten [Qaax] language, as such, my comment to tin above also applies here. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:50, 17 November 2024 (UTC) ::It's not about numbers of speakers. A small but dedicated community can be enough to create a thriving project (like [[:avk:|this one]], which 50 speakers), but sometimes a project is closed for the simple reason that nobody wants or needs it, even if the language itself has a million speakers or more. Here we аre dealing with a test wiki created by an anonymous user who clearly doesn't know the language, but simply copy-'n-pasted a main page in Russian from some other test wiki, as well as three one-word pages with words that were probably found [[:ru:Ботлихцы|here]], [[:ru:Ботлихский язык|here]] and [[:wikt:лълъени|here]], none of which have ever been edited by anyone else. According to [[Incubator:Policy#Common reasons for test deletion|policy]], all four of them qualify for deletion. Since there's nothing worth preserving here, wouldn't you agree that it would be better to start from scratch once someone shows up who actually speaks the language? {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 22:43, 19 November 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:IJzeren Jan|IJzeren Jan]] There are indeed someone contributors, whether they are really writting in Botlikh language is a question here, but I still need more evidences to say they aren't. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:00, 23 February 2025 (UTC) :Full {{Support}} of deletion per nominator. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:13, 20 November 2024 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion as explained above. If this project contains no meaningful content and has never been active since its creation, retaining it does not appear to serve any useful purpose. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 05:42, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wt/rml]] == All pages are completely written in Russian, not in Baltic Romani. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 15:48, 3 December 2024 (UTC) : Судя по всему, автор, {{ping|Samuel.A.Kim}}, не совсем верно понял смысл Викисловаря. Думаю, это нужно перенести в русский Викисловарь. I think, it should be moved to Russian Wiktionary. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 09:52, 25 December 2024 (UTC) ::Автор понял суть словаря, но учитывая, что автор создавал материалы в инкубаторе, то в первую очередь приоритетом было наполнение словаря, а не перевод интерфейса. Кроме того, учитывая, что данный диалект использует русский язык в качестве основы, то при работе в инкубаторе было удобнее пользоваться интерфейсом, который был предложен, т.е. русский. [[User:Samuel.A.Kim|Samuel.A.Kim]] ([[User talk:Samuel.A.Kim|talk]]) 19:18, 12 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per [https://www.ethnologue.com/language/rml/ Ethnologue], 7,280 speakers in Poland, 12,000 in Belarus, 460 in Estonia, 1,970 in Lithuania, 5,640 in Latvia, and probably there are speakers in Russia, and all are in 5* (Developing) status. Looks like both Cyrillic and Latin being used for these speakers, just depend on where they're living, better to give some months to see if such purely-russian contents can be translated or not. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 16 January 2025 (UTC) ::Anyway {{ping|Таёжный лес}} The Danvintius Bookix above recently contributed some contents at [[Wq/rml]], is that project also meeting same issue? Or that project is in correct language? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 17 January 2025 (UTC) :::In the correct language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:54, 18 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/lah/Main Page]] == Do we really need a project using macrolanguage code, where all of its member language codes are either having separate test projects, or already having Wikipedias for years? Specifically for the [[iso639-3:lah|lah]]: #Southern Hindko (hnd) - [[Wp/hnd|test project]] #Northern Hindko (hno) - [[Wp/hno|test project]] #Jakati (jat) - [[Wp/jat|test project]] (but claimed "Jatki" which cause another RFD above) #Pahari-Potwari (phr) - [[Wp/phr|test project]] #Western Panjabi (pnb) - [[:pnb:|pnbwiki exists]] #Saraiki (skr) - [[:skr:|skrwiki exists]] #Khetrani (xhe) - [[Wp/xhe|test project]] --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:59, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :Wp/jat & this be deleted because macro languages are not allowed. same case is for Wp/bal. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 17:19, 14 December 2024 (UTC) ::I'm not discussing [[Wp/bal]] due to verification debates in the past months, see [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7EMAJ65BEXKIAWWIB6AF56W4HT3R6NPA/#L5A2IUCABI5GSLZ2IAF5QK6G5TC3FZW4 1], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SUVKRRJ7J5B5HP7H5WKIRS6FZILCYVZV/#TTBSBLP2GDQ4BY35MYWOQNHDEWUAFA34 2], and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/message/J3PVNCZC5YX6NMEW35MQE2JVSHUHZEPO/ 3]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:29, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :::Ok, If Wp/lah is remained, what will be its dialect. so be deleted. also wp/jat be removed because code is not correct. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 15:32, 15 December 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] Dear, As per request of creator of Wp/jat be removed. or it may be moved to Wp/lah. Please do as soon as possible [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 07:04, 2 January 2025 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] There's already a '''[[#Wp/jat,_Wt/jat,_Wb/jat,_Wn/jat,_Wq/jat_and_Wy/jat|jat related discussion]]''' above, anyway I'm not an admin so I can't delete anything. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:06, 2 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/tt]] == These projects are already on Russian Wikinews [[Special:Contributions/151.135.197.56|151.135.197.56]] 13:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :Tend to '''support deletion''' of Wn/kk per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh|rejected RFL]], which as only having little substubs before RFL rejection, there are merely no benefit for having a separate kk.wikinews. Eventually, it currently has '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/kk/|no pages]]'''. (Someone would say that there's [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh 2|second open RFL]], but its creator Bauka0625 didn't create anything except their own user page here) :The later two were discussed [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/3#Wikinews_projects_in_languages_of_the_Russian_Federation|in 2019]] which result no consensus, of which Tatar Wikinews has its [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Tatar|RFL verified as eligible]], I'm not sure whether there's really benefit for second trial of RFD em. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 5 January 2025 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion of the projects as per the request. Besides that, these projects have never been active in the incubator since their creation.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 08:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] The last Tatar one may be a sensitive question as, again, its RFL is verified as eligible, I contacted a user who voted keep in that 2019 DR, that has several contributions to [[Wq/tt]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 10:24, 8 January 2025 (UTC) : "Delete" (in scare quotes because no use of the MediaWiki deletion functionality is involved here - the page will really be replaced with a pointer) [[wn/kk]] as empty. Delete [[wn/sah]], which only contains a main page and no other content. Inclined to delete [[wn/tt]], which only contains a Main Page and one news article from 2020, as well, but not as strongly convinced. In any case these can be recreated if there's a movement to develop the project outside of Russian Wikinews. : Once these are deleted, we need to decide what to do with the domain names https://kk.wikinews.org, https://sah.wikinews.org, https://tt.wikinews.org. :: Inclined to redirect https://tt.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82, https://sah.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9, but redirect https://kk.wikinews.org to https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C (the project page explaining Russian Wikinews' multilingual initiative) since there isn't even a Kazakh Main Page. Although even the first two are very dead. And for all three domains redirect https://tt.wikinews.org/wiki/foo -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/Foo. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 20:03, 12 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Pppery|Pppery]] I think for 3rd one, once we indeed gain consensus to delete, we might need to discuss with langcom members on whether its RFL's eligible status should be revoked. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:42, 13 January 2025 (UTC) ::: The project should remain in-theory eligible. I'm effectively saying to do a [[w:WP:Soft deletion|soft delete]] - delete the nearly-empty test currently there without prejudice against a new movement for starting a test if one forms. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 03:43, 13 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ruo]] == Project contains only six articles, each of which contains only the title or title with a translation into another language. The main page contains only one sentence in Istro-Romanian. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 17:40, 24 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' That rejected RFL was wrongly claiming "Morlakian", where Istro Romanian has 1,400 speakers (of which 300 of them are L1 speakers), contact hrwiki users first? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:40, 27 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' so what. What are the benefits of deleting this? There's 0. Leave the project, and if one day an Istro-Romanian speaker comes, even if it's in 2040, they'll have a project to work on. Maybe they would not know otherwise how to create an Incubator project or that they can in the first place. We already missed a chance to attract an Istro-Romanian speaker [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse/Questions/Archive_974#Wikipedia_i_Rum%C3%A2re%C8%99te?] because no Incubator existed (they never responded to my comment just one month and a half later [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:130.156.128.249&oldid=909944692]). Why'd you want that number to be any higher? :By the way, I wasn't even warned of this deletion request by the nominator. It had to be another user 3 days later. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 18:28, 27 January 2025 (UTC) ::And what are the benefits of wasting server space now? When they come they can easily re-create the project. [[Special:Contributions/5.183.29.95|5.183.29.95]] 11:33, 29 January 2025 (UTC) :::Hahaha. Not ever has an editor cared about "wasting server space". This is the problem of the wealthy [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Guy_Macon/Wikipedia_has_Cancer] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fundraising_statistics] Wikimedia foundation, not yours. Tell me, how does it affect your experience as a reader and/or editor that this project exists in its currently very basic state? It is obvious that a newcomer user will not know how to create an Incubator project. If I or any other don't find them in time to guide them, we just lost another potential native speaker editor. All so that we could save server space on the free, volunteer website. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 17:54, 29 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' It seems to me that there are native users of this language community within Wikimedia who try to contribute to the wrong project. However, they are unable to find Wikimedia Incubator. I can relate to this, as some of my community members often write Sylheti in neighboring language projects, and their contributions get reverted (for example: [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=prev&oldid=7790955 edit] and [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=next&oldid=7790960 revert/removal]) because it’s the wrong language (for neighboring language project). They are unaware that they can contribute to the incubator. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 10:25, 11 February 2025 (UTC) *:Yep, this language belongs to Croatia, a European Union member state, where looks like most "active contributors" are editing [[:hr:|hrwiki]], only some finger-countable number of editors join Incubator. Now, contact who about the situation? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:24, 28 February 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/unm]] == Like some previous sections, [[w:Unami language|Unami]] is an extinct language, so having a test project generally violates the LPP. Probably there are some useful contents that should be migrated to 3rd wiki platforms. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 06:37, 22 February 2025 (UTC) :'''Keep''' while the Wikipedia page has it marked as extinct, ethnologue https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ has this marked as an endangered language, to quote the "Language Vitality" section of ethnologue "Endangered — It is no longer the norm that children learn and use this language." which is what Unami is marked as. People are still learning this language and using this language, it is not extinct. Other Wiki's are up in incubator that would violate the LPP yet they are fine. The Taivoan, Aramaic, Coptic and Ancient Greek Incubators would have to be deleted yet two of those are features on the incubator.wikimedia.org homepage, It would be consistent to keep it based off of other decisions I have seen. [User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 20:55, 1 March 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Really "endangered" instead of just "extinct"? Even there are really spam pages featured in [[special:prefixindex/Wp/unm]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:19, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::That is what I see on Ethnologue. Unless I am reading it wrong? Ethnologue is a trusted source on langauges from what I know. If I am wrong feel free to let me know. I do not agree with the spam pages and I was planning to try to fix them up to not be so short, sometimes just a word like "tipas" was before I found the Wikipedia today and added some substance to it. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 03:22, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] But what I can see on Ethnologue is '''The last known speaker, Edward Thompson, died in 2002.''' If you can't demonstrate that how you can speak this language, then you're not really seriously contributing, and I'd love to revert your contributions. The only article you're ever contributed, [[Wp/unm/Tipas]], doesn't look different from a previous case - [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/2024#Wp/vot|Wp/vot]], to which a user who clearly can't understand that language contributed several "contents", later disclosed as "not in that language, by any circumstances". Verily, it looks like your edits on Incubator are your global "first pieces of your contributions", and I really can't believe that "freshmen" users know the function of requests for deletions discussion page, so I would also doubt if you're a [[w:WP:SOCK|legal "freshman"]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:25, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::::I literally just saw a thing saying this Wikipedia has a request for deletion on the homepage of the thing. Please stop emailing me. This has been my only account with Wikipedia. Do you speak Unami? I dont see that info on your page. How can you judge my skill in a language you do not speak. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 15:32, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Okay even a SRCU regarding your case is failed, the word "Endangered" was also almost not mentioned on that Ethnologue page except, as their general interface, on the page footer as "[https://www.ethnologue.com/endangered-languages/ Endangered Languages]" under "Further Reading", which is just a description page without list , so which thing give you to say the Unami is an "Endangered language"? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:01, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::[https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt]https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt Is a screenshot :::::::[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/]https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ is the link. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:13, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] That imgbb file looks like broken, and I even can't see "Language Vitality" on the very same URL (you can email me to request a screenshot from my part), probably that information is only available for your country living? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:18, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sorry about that, https://postimg.cc/V5Xq944p I just uploaded it on this website, and from waht I see it did properly upload this time? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:21, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Also I saved the page I'm seeing to the in the internet archive https://archive.ph/MiS7h so you might be able to see what I'm seeing? What the archived has saved does have what I see if you scroll down a bit. Unless your country for some reason affects that as well? (As you said, this could be a location thing) [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:26, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Hmm, I suddenly found [https://www.ethnologue.com/pricing/ Unlock The World’s Languages - Pricing], where it said for "Language Vitality", it only show "Simplified Scale" for Starter subscriptions, which cause this information doesn't show for me, such information shows to users with at least Essentials subscriptions, that can be free access for users from World Bank mid/low-income countries, but for some matters it can't work for me. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:39, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Ah. I am on free tier and I see that screenshot I sent to you, with the "Language Vitality" being on "Endangered". I don't have an Essentials subscription, I thought it was free for the longest time until LingoLizard mentioned it (A youtuber). In his video where he lists every living language he does list Unami but I didn't include that as a source since. Well its a youtube video and he sourced Ethnologue like me, and In my opinion that would be like citing from the same source twice and I don't think your supposed to do that, but I can sent you that aswell if you would like with the timestamp? If that would help at all? My apologizes if my reply is a bit confusing, for some reason I am confused but you reply a bit but I'm responding to the best of my abilities from what I am understanding. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:47, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Well, but even that's Endangered, how can it meet [[m:LPP|the policy on project languages]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 08:04, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Forgive me but I do not understand your reply. What do you mean by "well but even thats endangered"? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 13:44, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Hmm interesting, that policy mentioned: ::::::::::::::<blockquote> ::::::::::::::;Ancient or historical languages :::::::::::::::Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages. Where possible, such languages should be bundled with the modern equivalent Wikisource project (such as Old English with English), though that is not required. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::But didn't mention the status of "extinct" and (as you said) "endangered" languages, however for later one, I guess another sentence of the policy can also hold up from your strong "keep" idea? ::::::::::::::<blockquote> :::::::::::::::The Wikimedia Foundation does not seek to develop new linguistic entities; there must be an extensive body of works in that language. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::Do you really have ''an extensive body of works'' for Unami? If not, then by only your edits, this language is still not valid for testing, even you can edit the de facto articles, you can't create new ones. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:55, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::Also, I'm appealing the tvx result above, so it may also have possible to be deleted. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:20, 2 March 2025 (UTC) Me, like the nominator, believed that this language is extinct. However, during the discussion it became clear that this is a controversial issue. So far I do not see any reason to remove the test project. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] I think we do have better 3rd party platform from those users who are indeed interested in such non-living languages, so I don't know what means "remove" by you, what I mean by this RFD is to seek for a migrate, not remove. Also, from what I can see, such non-living languages are technically not allowed on creating articles (even test projects exist), cause them generally dormant, and why this is a "controversial issue"? Isn't [[m:Language_proposal_policy#Specific_issues|LPP clearly said]] "Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages." [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :<s>'''Delete''' Per nom, there are no real speakers of Unami anymore. --[[Special:Contributions/2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257|2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257]] 00:47, 10 April 2025 (UTC)</s> ::Ip Address person. This language still has classes for it see https://6abc.com/lenape-teach-language-indigenous-people-of-pennsylvania-teaching-class/12482441/ ::""The Unami, which is the southern dialect, that's what I teach," said DePaul" ::Linguistics consider Unami and Munsee separate languages while Lenape consider them dialects https://www.talk-lenape.org/about-us the talk-lenape site is a Unami dictionary as you can see. ::It can't both have classes for it and "no real speakers" [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:04, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::If you think that that should still really be a "living" instead of an "extinct" language, you can always submit an ISO change request to correct this: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeMh0ThLA64kxccJG9QXSXa2Q1-I2EPZ_gnXD7ptOuPIbfBCg/viewform] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:24, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] It should also be noticed that according to SIL's [https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=Lenape&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=All&name_3=&field_iso639_element_scope_tid=All&field_iso639_language_type_tid=All&items_per_page=200 query], there's no "Lenape" existing, so any claims which says, or previous said, and or will say, the "Lenape language", are by themselves confusing, since the [[w:Lenape language]] on enwiki redirects to [[w:Delaware languages]], which matches the macrolanguage code del, that contains both Munsee and Unami. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:01, 13 April 2025 (UTC) ::ALSO there is good reason to suspect your a sockpuppet of Liuxinyu970226 based on the whois data for your IP. https://whois.toolforge.org/gateway.py?lookup=true&ip=2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257 ::The WHOIS have you in China and the native language for Liuxinyu is Chinese. Your using your IP to make you look like multiple people to get this deleted from what I can see based on that evidence. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:08, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I am also suspicious because sockpuppetry is something I've seen him mention here and in Wp/tvx. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:10, 10 April 2025 (UTC) ::I have reported you, Liuxinyu to arbcom-en@wikimedia.org. I made it clear that you stop emailing me and you emailed me under this IP of yours. You emailed me with false accusation of sockpuppetry. You left a comment on my talkpage saying that this page won't be deleted if I change the language code to DEL or Umu. I'm not the one who created unm, I don't know how to do that, and that would be pointless considering I don't speak Munsee. I speak Unami. You have even used your IP address to make it seem like mulitple people support the deletion of this unm page. I am done tolerating your bullshit and based on this nightmare experience as my first time giving me panic attacks and putting me in fight or flight whenever I see this stupid ass wikipedia in my inbox or its site layout I have seriously considered leaving Wikipedia because of all the pain YOU have caused me and your harassment. Wikimedia does NOT welcome new users and only argues in bad faith to get what they want based on what I've experienced as a new user. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:26, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] I don't have other devices for logging and/or contributing, I even don't know who is that. Should I revert their edit as vandalism? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:02, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I've striked their comment, and warned that IP to login an account. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:09, 10 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ayl]] == {{Section resolved|1=[[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:25, 13 June 2025 (UTC)|2=Forgot about the other Arabic dialects getting Wikipedias too. I voted neutral when the source that I went off of turned out to not explicitly say Libyan Arabic isn't too different from Modern Standard Arabic. Should have closed this down the second this was shown to me.<br> ''Plus, someone else also came in and said Libyan Arabic is ''extremely'' different.''<br> But instead of closing it, I left it here and let it go stale, waiting for a discussion that may already be dead to be revived.<br> Unfortunately, it was not revived. So... yeah. If other information is found then this may come back but for now, resolved.<br> Basically, other Arabic Wikipedias exist of the same type; so in this case Libyan Arabic should be fine. }} This is Libyan Arabic. Seemingly, this should be merged into Incubator Plus.<br> „The language must be sufficiently unique that it could not coexist on a more general wiki. In most cases, this excludes regional dialects and different written forms of the same language.“ -Language Proposal Policy § Requisites for eligibility Criterion 3 [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 18:26, 27 March 2025 (UTC) : Any evidence will be? This has a language ISO code. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:45, 1 April 2025 (UTC) ::[https://cms.arizona.edu/index.php/multilingual/article/view/207/304 Emma Trentman and Sonia Shiri - The Mutual Intelligibility of Arabic Dialects: Implications for the Language Classroom], and also [[metawiki:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic|Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic]]. Please tell me if that's insufficient. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 15:10, 2 April 2025 (UTC) :: The publication does not say that the Libyan dialect (or very little) does not differ from the standard Arabic. There are already Wikipedias in Egyptian and Moroccan dialects. There was also no evidence in the discussion on the Meta, and the request itself was closed due to the lack of active participants. Thus, there are no arguments in favor of closing the test project - '''Keep'''. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:06, 6 April 2025 (UTC) :::Looks like I didn't check [[wikidata:Q97393767|Q97393767]] (Moroccan Arabic Wikipedia) on Wikidata. [[wikidata:Q2374285|Q2374285]] (Egyptian Arabic Wikipedia) also got in in 2008, after the LPP was enacted. :::A very reasonable argument could be made saying that if Moroccan Arabic and Egyptian Arabic were allowed, by that logic, Libyan Arabic should be too. ''Really should have thought of those two.'' Whoops. :::Considering what happened over there; I'm not expecting anybody to jump in any time soon. Some say it's a dialect. Some say it's a separate language entirely. Some say it's harder to understand, some say it's actually mutually intelligible. Had I done more research than what I went into, I may not have even made his request. So, now I'm '''Neutral''', and due to the existence of the Moroccan and Egyptian Arabic Wikipedias, ''slightly leaning towards keep''? Still unsure about it though, on whether or not this should be allowed or not. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 00:18, 7 April 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per nom, for the record, there are too much of membership language codes of the [[w:macrolanguage|macro]]-Arabic (ar) which created their test projects, two of em are nowadays launched for years and some got their RFL eligible. Needs linguistics from this area to provide suggestions. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:31, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :{{oppose|Strongly}} Libyan dialect is really unique, yes Tunisian is similar to it but there are still major differences. Libyan has taken tons of loanwords from Italian which makes it unique, Wikipedia even has a [[:en:List_of_Libyan_Arabic_words_of_Italian_origin|word list for them]]. You can't restrict millions from reading Wikipedia in their own dialect. [[User:Kirkukturk3|Best iraqi]] ([[User talk:Kirkukturk3|talk]]) 15:15, 21 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wb/be-tarask]], [[Wn/be-tarask]], [[Wq/be-tarask]] and [[Wy/be-tarask]] == According to [[I:PREFIX]], the language (of test projects) must have a valid ISO 639 code, where Taraškievica doesn't, and I don't see any permits from e.g. [[Incubator:Requests for starting a test]] where this is however "specially permitted". --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 04:49, 9 May 2025 (UTC) :1. my activity was due to your invitation. Wikivoyage was created on November 6, 2013 . You created it. :2. there was an invitation to act on the page. So user:Ясамойла starting acting. :3. ISO 639 has a Belarusian language code ('''be''') and Taraškievica is a orthography not a language. :4. right the truth. There's no money and the number of sites needs to be reduced. :[[User:Ясамойла|Ясамойла]] ([[User talk:Ясамойла|talk]]) 14:14, 9 May 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ясамойла}} Why not just merge them with [[b:be:]]? [[Wn/be]]? [[q:be:]]? and [[Wy/be]]? invitation? No, that's from a bot called "Welcoming Bot" in 2014, that bot was not mine. "You created it." lol of lol, the creator is, as per [[Special:Diff/1104359]] & [[Special:Diff/1101203]], the {{ping|Travelour​}}, so your first point is an instrument of ratification of your lies, as well as the second. The third one is correct, but as so, you shouldn't start such projects here, but try to use the existing be tests/project sites, as that's an orthography, and not a language, it's not belong to Incubator, but to the existing projects. And what's meant to be your last point? "no money", have you ever read [[m:Wikimedia Foundation]]? Wikimedia foundation is a non-profit organization, so why do you wanna it to have any "moneys" internally? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:20, 9 May 2025 (UTC) : I understand why the user thought that such projects could exist. There is a Wikipedia in Tarashkevitsa. However, the current rules do not allow creating any other Wikimedia projects in Tarashkevitsa. These projects can be combined with the corresponding projects in the official orthography. Or, maybe, after some reworking, these projects can be made in Interslavic language understandable to all Slavs. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:13, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wy/id]], [[Wp/knc]], [[Wp/tdd]], [[Wq/gor]], [[wp/tig]], [[wt/tcy]]== I propose to remove those wikiprojects from Incubator because they were imported and created a long time ago. [[User:Пан Хаунд 2|Пан Хаунд 2]] ([[User talk:Пан Хаунд 2|talk]]) 16:12, 6 June 2025 (UTC) aowg1erlczufjlw4iiywjxu1ro4q1qr 6685562 6685561 2025-06-13T21:30:05Z Kxeon 2598343 /* Wp/ayl */ i cant even place a template right 6685562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Shortcut|[[I:RFD]]|archivelink=Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive}} __NEWSECTIONLINK__ This page is for nominating '''test wikis''' for deletion, or for nominating '''pages related to the maintenance of the Incubator''' for deletion. Requests for '''un'''deletions can also be made here. To request the deletion of '''individual pages in a specific test wiki''', please use the relevant talk pages where the editors of the test wiki are most active (such as the talk page of the test wiki's Main Page). Pages that should be speedily deleted should be tagged with <tvar name="1">{{tl|delete}}</tvar> '''with a proper reason'''. It is typically not necessary to request that pages in a test wiki be deleted after the project has been given its own subdomain (e.g., <code>aa.wikipedia.org</code>), since such deletions are part of the normal workflow when creating new wikis. Eventually all pages in the test wiki will be deleted, leaving behind only the [[Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page|info page]]. For the deletion policy, see [[Incubator:Deletion policy]]. {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 1 | archive = 'Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive/((year)) | show = yes }} == [[Wp/sro]] == Like the Wp/arq above, there are some evidences make this test project unsuccessful too. Campidanese is only considered as a dialect of Sardinian, and the [[w:sc:|Sardinian Wikipedia]] already has lots of articles written in this dialect. One scwiki administrator @[[User:L2212|L2212]] also pointed at [[w:Talk:Campidanese Sardinian#Link to Incubator test or Sardinian Wikipedia?|this talk page]], that the real Campidanese speakers always directly contribute scwiki, where the user in that question, Fausta Samaritani, has identified to be another maker of scowiki-like problems, where that user doesn't really speak or write Sardinian, or any dialects of it, and that user's aim looks like to "transform scwiki to be a constellation (sic?)", which doesn't really work-able in any circumstances. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:24, 10 February 2024 (UTC) :I also support the deletion of that test wiki. As @[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] has already written, it's a personal project by a non-speaker (using two names, Fausta Samaritani and Sirmio Cabinigre) that decided to work on it by creating hundreds of copy-pasted and almost empty articles (like the ones regarding [[Wp/sro/2 Maju|the days of the month]], [[Wp/sro/1829|the years]] or [[Wp/sro/Su de 19 sèculus|the centuries]]) with empty sections that someone else would have to fill. The [[Wp/sro]] project was already clearly not successful, having existed for years without a single article, and the sudden push for it's "development" and even its publication as a new language version comes from Fausta Samaritani's desire to split Sardinian in a multitude of wikis, one for every dialect (there are 200+ of them, btw, since every town has its own little differences, so you can imagine how feasible such an idea would be), to create, as Liuxinyu970226 mentioned, a "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian&diff=prev&oldid=23049354 constellation of wikis]" (sic) about it. Considering the fact that Sardinian is a single language with mutual intelligibility between the dialects, that we already have few active users as it is, and that the users that write using the Campidanese orthography (often alongside others, like the LSC one) use sc.wiki (where we also have rules and template to work with multiple orthographies and versions of an article) and have rejected time and time again this project (as you can see in the discussions [[:sc:Wikipedia:Tzilleri#Incubator|here]], [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian|here]] and [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Campidanese_Sardinian|here]], where you can also find more informations about Sardinia's linguistic situation) the fact that she is still insisting is honestly absurd. [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 19:59, 15 February 2024 (UTC) ::I see the Sardinian wiki uses similar tactics like Limburgish, which also has a high dialectual variation (see [[:sc:Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia|Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia]]), so I personally agree that there is no need for separate wikis. However, the requests are marked as eligible by the language subcom, so we have to allow them here. So really, this needs to be addressed at [[:meta:Language committee]] first. Here we facilitate, we don't judge eligibility, that's up to the Langcom. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 16:03, 16 February 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] There are some languages where their "Wikipedia requests" are eligible, but Incubator tests deleted: [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Fala|Fala]] ([[Wp/fax|fax]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Orang Seletar|Orang Seletar]] ([[Wp/ors|ors]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ter Sami|Ter Sami]] ([[Wp/sjt|sjt]]) and [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Votic|Votic]] ([[Wp/vot|vot]]), with the third one been barred for re-creation. To the best of my knowledge, we should re-debate eligibility of these 5 (yep, include sro one) requests, they are controversial requests by even non-L2 speakers. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 17 February 2024 (UTC) ::::Those test projects were deleted because the contents was either gibberish or in another language than the code, not on eligibility reasons. As I indicated before, we facilitate, we don't judge. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 07:19, 17 February 2024 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] Yes, Wp/sro is also containing gibberish and absurd contents provided by speakers of another language, as L2212 said above, "we don't judge" don't mean either, that we can't oppose, just see what I commented at those controversial "eligible" requests: [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Fala#Arguments against|1]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Orang_Seletar#Arguments against|2]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Ter_Sami#Arguments against|3]] and [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Votic#Arguments against|4]] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:51, 26 February 2024 (UTC) ::I am in agreement with the deletion, as presented by @[[User:L2212|L2212]] [[User:Riad Salih|Riad Salih]] ([[User talk:Riad Salih|talk]]) 16:43, 21 February 2024 (UTC) :::Why isn't the wiki transferred to [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0] instead or maybe, move the articles to the Wikipedia in Sardinian with a note explaining that they are written in Sassarese? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:31, 3 March 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] If you can explain that why those contents are not "gibberish and absurd" as explained and endorsed above, feel free. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:34, 23 March 2024 (UTC) : The content should be moved to Sardinian Wikipedia or Miraheze. I don't see anything "gibberish and absurd" in the content. Yes, the articles are small, but that's another problem. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:01, 18 December 2024 (UTC) ::@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] See L2212's comments above, unless if you're really debating his comments, I don't see why Fausta's contributions aren't gibberish and absurd. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 12:41, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :: [[Wp/sro/1991|Example]]. I see, it is a simple small article about year, nothing absurd. They are written, as far as I can judge, in Sardinian, and most likely in Campidanese orthography, because besides Fausta, there was also a user who actually knew Sardinian who edited it. I do not support a separate Campidanese Wikipedia, but we must be objective. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 13:15, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:L2212|L2212]] What's your idea on Danvintius Bookix's idea to merge this test project into sc.wikipedia? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:18, 19 December 2024 (UTC) ::::If there are any useful articles (that were not copied from sc.wiki) ok, we can create the pages or the orthographic subpages to import them, but I have my doubts that that's the case. The example used by @[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] is not any different from an edit made by a bot, would any other wiki import those? We are talking about hundreds of articles here. ::::At the very least, all the empty sections should be deleted, and the text corrected (it's "annu de su de 20 sèculus", not "annu de su 20 sèculus", that's what happens when someone that doesn't speak a language copies and pastes the same unverified text only replacing numbers and the names of the months) but in articles like [[Wp/sro/1829|this one]] that would leave almost nothing. Is it even worth the effort? [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 23:57, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :{{support}} to delete. [[User:Md Mobashir Hossain|&#126;Mobashir]] ([[User talk:Md Mobashir Hossain|talk]]) 10:11, 6 March 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/non]] == As per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Old Norse 2|2nd rejected RFL]], the Old Norse is an extinct proto language, and having a test project violates LPP. Even though there are still Old adults can be considered Old Norse ethnic, they are generally migrated to speak Saami or standard Norwegian (maybe Bokmal or Nynorsk, I don't have interests), so I even don't know why this project was started. Maybe migrate to Incubator Plus before deleted? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 17 October 2024 (UTC) :{{Support}} I support the deletion of this project and, if possible, its migration elsewhere as per the request. I have observed that the project has never been active since its creation. -- [[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:53, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::I'm willing to export it to Incubator 2.0 if deletion is desired. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 18:11, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]], [[Wp/ycr]] == Most of the content in these Incubators was created by [[User:Sdf]]. [[Wp/ils]] and [[Wp/tss]] only have main pages, which appear to be written in SignWriting, but that's it. [[Wp/ycr]] has several one-word pages. They can perhaps be moved to a Wiktionary Incubator, but I'm not even sure about that. I tried pinging [[User:Sdf]] on Meta about this and got no reply. In this state, it's probably better to start those languages from scratch if anyone serious wants to do it. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 19:11, 22 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Delete ils''', No known L1 users according to a 2015 survey, so no hope for any seriously contributors. '''Neutral for tss and ycr''', tss has 24,000 speakers and ycr 3,200, both belong to Taiwan, which looks like the home of Sdf. Tend to ask WMTW staffs @[[User:Supaplex|Supaplex]], [[User:Ffaarr|Ffaarr]], [[User:Imacat|Imacat]], [[User:Alexsh|Alexsh]], [[User:Koala0090|Koala0090]], [[User:JM99|JM99]], [[User:Reke|Reke]], [[User:Natsu621|Natsu621]] and [[User:林非帶你飛|林非帶你飛]] for inputs. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:32, 30 October 2024 (UTC) ::{{done|Deleted}} - [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]]. [[User:Ninjastrikers|<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:blue;font-family:century gothic;">Ninja<span style="color:red">✮</span>Strikers</span>]] ^{<span style="color:Red;font-size:85%;">«[[User talk:Ninjastrikers|☎]]»</span>} 15:03, 9 December 2024 (UTC) : '''Neutral''' If [[User:Sdf]] is local to the languages, as suggested in the discussion, [[Wp/ycr]] may serve as valuable language documentation. In this case, the project should be given a reasonable amount of time to grow, provided there are active local users willing to contribute. Additionally, the short pages with valid content could be moved to the Wiktionary project ([[Wt/ycr]]) after notifying the community. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:21, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/kls]] == There is nothing there except a "main page" that is written in English and Urdu and not in Kalasha. The language is probably eligible, but should be started from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 05:08, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', there are 5,000 native speakers per Ethnologue, are there any possible to find some Pakistani contributors to maintain it? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/lew]] == All the pages are very short and repetitive, and according to @[[User:Janwo|Janwo]], they aren't quite written in the claimed language. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 16:06, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :What i said was that <u>in a few pages</u>, I found sentences partly written in Bahasa Indonesia. --[[User:Janwo|Janwo]] ([[User talk:Janwo|talk]]) 06:04, 27 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 215,000 speakers, maybe contacting [[wmid:|WMID]] for ideas? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:48, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/mbb]] == Only one very short page. The user who created it is no longer active. It's better to start from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 17:03, 29 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 15,000 speakers, not sure whether [[m:Wiki Society of the Philippines]] has idea on finding real L1 speakers to contribute. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:57, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/bph]] == Same story as [[Wp/tin]] above: three one-word pages, a copied template in Russian and a main page entirely in Russian as well. Not a single sentence in Botlikh, and quite obviously never touched by anyone with knowledge of the language. {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 18:15, 17 November 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' 5,240 speakers, also Unwritten [Qaax] language, as such, my comment to tin above also applies here. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:50, 17 November 2024 (UTC) ::It's not about numbers of speakers. A small but dedicated community can be enough to create a thriving project (like [[:avk:|this one]], which 50 speakers), but sometimes a project is closed for the simple reason that nobody wants or needs it, even if the language itself has a million speakers or more. Here we аre dealing with a test wiki created by an anonymous user who clearly doesn't know the language, but simply copy-'n-pasted a main page in Russian from some other test wiki, as well as three one-word pages with words that were probably found [[:ru:Ботлихцы|here]], [[:ru:Ботлихский язык|here]] and [[:wikt:лълъени|here]], none of which have ever been edited by anyone else. According to [[Incubator:Policy#Common reasons for test deletion|policy]], all four of them qualify for deletion. Since there's nothing worth preserving here, wouldn't you agree that it would be better to start from scratch once someone shows up who actually speaks the language? {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 22:43, 19 November 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:IJzeren Jan|IJzeren Jan]] There are indeed someone contributors, whether they are really writting in Botlikh language is a question here, but I still need more evidences to say they aren't. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:00, 23 February 2025 (UTC) :Full {{Support}} of deletion per nominator. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:13, 20 November 2024 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion as explained above. If this project contains no meaningful content and has never been active since its creation, retaining it does not appear to serve any useful purpose. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 05:42, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wt/rml]] == All pages are completely written in Russian, not in Baltic Romani. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 15:48, 3 December 2024 (UTC) : Судя по всему, автор, {{ping|Samuel.A.Kim}}, не совсем верно понял смысл Викисловаря. Думаю, это нужно перенести в русский Викисловарь. I think, it should be moved to Russian Wiktionary. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 09:52, 25 December 2024 (UTC) ::Автор понял суть словаря, но учитывая, что автор создавал материалы в инкубаторе, то в первую очередь приоритетом было наполнение словаря, а не перевод интерфейса. Кроме того, учитывая, что данный диалект использует русский язык в качестве основы, то при работе в инкубаторе было удобнее пользоваться интерфейсом, который был предложен, т.е. русский. [[User:Samuel.A.Kim|Samuel.A.Kim]] ([[User talk:Samuel.A.Kim|talk]]) 19:18, 12 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per [https://www.ethnologue.com/language/rml/ Ethnologue], 7,280 speakers in Poland, 12,000 in Belarus, 460 in Estonia, 1,970 in Lithuania, 5,640 in Latvia, and probably there are speakers in Russia, and all are in 5* (Developing) status. Looks like both Cyrillic and Latin being used for these speakers, just depend on where they're living, better to give some months to see if such purely-russian contents can be translated or not. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 16 January 2025 (UTC) ::Anyway {{ping|Таёжный лес}} The Danvintius Bookix above recently contributed some contents at [[Wq/rml]], is that project also meeting same issue? Or that project is in correct language? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 17 January 2025 (UTC) :::In the correct language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:54, 18 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/lah/Main Page]] == Do we really need a project using macrolanguage code, where all of its member language codes are either having separate test projects, or already having Wikipedias for years? Specifically for the [[iso639-3:lah|lah]]: #Southern Hindko (hnd) - [[Wp/hnd|test project]] #Northern Hindko (hno) - [[Wp/hno|test project]] #Jakati (jat) - [[Wp/jat|test project]] (but claimed "Jatki" which cause another RFD above) #Pahari-Potwari (phr) - [[Wp/phr|test project]] #Western Panjabi (pnb) - [[:pnb:|pnbwiki exists]] #Saraiki (skr) - [[:skr:|skrwiki exists]] #Khetrani (xhe) - [[Wp/xhe|test project]] --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:59, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :Wp/jat & this be deleted because macro languages are not allowed. same case is for Wp/bal. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 17:19, 14 December 2024 (UTC) ::I'm not discussing [[Wp/bal]] due to verification debates in the past months, see [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7EMAJ65BEXKIAWWIB6AF56W4HT3R6NPA/#L5A2IUCABI5GSLZ2IAF5QK6G5TC3FZW4 1], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SUVKRRJ7J5B5HP7H5WKIRS6FZILCYVZV/#TTBSBLP2GDQ4BY35MYWOQNHDEWUAFA34 2], and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/message/J3PVNCZC5YX6NMEW35MQE2JVSHUHZEPO/ 3]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:29, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :::Ok, If Wp/lah is remained, what will be its dialect. so be deleted. also wp/jat be removed because code is not correct. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 15:32, 15 December 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] Dear, As per request of creator of Wp/jat be removed. or it may be moved to Wp/lah. Please do as soon as possible [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 07:04, 2 January 2025 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] There's already a '''[[#Wp/jat,_Wt/jat,_Wb/jat,_Wn/jat,_Wq/jat_and_Wy/jat|jat related discussion]]''' above, anyway I'm not an admin so I can't delete anything. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:06, 2 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/tt]] == These projects are already on Russian Wikinews [[Special:Contributions/151.135.197.56|151.135.197.56]] 13:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :Tend to '''support deletion''' of Wn/kk per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh|rejected RFL]], which as only having little substubs before RFL rejection, there are merely no benefit for having a separate kk.wikinews. Eventually, it currently has '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/kk/|no pages]]'''. (Someone would say that there's [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh 2|second open RFL]], but its creator Bauka0625 didn't create anything except their own user page here) :The later two were discussed [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/3#Wikinews_projects_in_languages_of_the_Russian_Federation|in 2019]] which result no consensus, of which Tatar Wikinews has its [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Tatar|RFL verified as eligible]], I'm not sure whether there's really benefit for second trial of RFD em. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 5 January 2025 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion of the projects as per the request. Besides that, these projects have never been active in the incubator since their creation.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 08:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] The last Tatar one may be a sensitive question as, again, its RFL is verified as eligible, I contacted a user who voted keep in that 2019 DR, that has several contributions to [[Wq/tt]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 10:24, 8 January 2025 (UTC) : "Delete" (in scare quotes because no use of the MediaWiki deletion functionality is involved here - the page will really be replaced with a pointer) [[wn/kk]] as empty. Delete [[wn/sah]], which only contains a main page and no other content. Inclined to delete [[wn/tt]], which only contains a Main Page and one news article from 2020, as well, but not as strongly convinced. In any case these can be recreated if there's a movement to develop the project outside of Russian Wikinews. : Once these are deleted, we need to decide what to do with the domain names https://kk.wikinews.org, https://sah.wikinews.org, https://tt.wikinews.org. :: Inclined to redirect https://tt.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82, https://sah.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9, but redirect https://kk.wikinews.org to https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C (the project page explaining Russian Wikinews' multilingual initiative) since there isn't even a Kazakh Main Page. Although even the first two are very dead. And for all three domains redirect https://tt.wikinews.org/wiki/foo -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/Foo. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 20:03, 12 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Pppery|Pppery]] I think for 3rd one, once we indeed gain consensus to delete, we might need to discuss with langcom members on whether its RFL's eligible status should be revoked. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:42, 13 January 2025 (UTC) ::: The project should remain in-theory eligible. I'm effectively saying to do a [[w:WP:Soft deletion|soft delete]] - delete the nearly-empty test currently there without prejudice against a new movement for starting a test if one forms. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 03:43, 13 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ruo]] == Project contains only six articles, each of which contains only the title or title with a translation into another language. The main page contains only one sentence in Istro-Romanian. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 17:40, 24 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' That rejected RFL was wrongly claiming "Morlakian", where Istro Romanian has 1,400 speakers (of which 300 of them are L1 speakers), contact hrwiki users first? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:40, 27 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' so what. What are the benefits of deleting this? There's 0. Leave the project, and if one day an Istro-Romanian speaker comes, even if it's in 2040, they'll have a project to work on. Maybe they would not know otherwise how to create an Incubator project or that they can in the first place. We already missed a chance to attract an Istro-Romanian speaker [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse/Questions/Archive_974#Wikipedia_i_Rum%C3%A2re%C8%99te?] because no Incubator existed (they never responded to my comment just one month and a half later [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:130.156.128.249&oldid=909944692]). Why'd you want that number to be any higher? :By the way, I wasn't even warned of this deletion request by the nominator. It had to be another user 3 days later. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 18:28, 27 January 2025 (UTC) ::And what are the benefits of wasting server space now? When they come they can easily re-create the project. [[Special:Contributions/5.183.29.95|5.183.29.95]] 11:33, 29 January 2025 (UTC) :::Hahaha. Not ever has an editor cared about "wasting server space". This is the problem of the wealthy [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Guy_Macon/Wikipedia_has_Cancer] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fundraising_statistics] Wikimedia foundation, not yours. Tell me, how does it affect your experience as a reader and/or editor that this project exists in its currently very basic state? It is obvious that a newcomer user will not know how to create an Incubator project. If I or any other don't find them in time to guide them, we just lost another potential native speaker editor. All so that we could save server space on the free, volunteer website. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 17:54, 29 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' It seems to me that there are native users of this language community within Wikimedia who try to contribute to the wrong project. However, they are unable to find Wikimedia Incubator. I can relate to this, as some of my community members often write Sylheti in neighboring language projects, and their contributions get reverted (for example: [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=prev&oldid=7790955 edit] and [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=next&oldid=7790960 revert/removal]) because it’s the wrong language (for neighboring language project). They are unaware that they can contribute to the incubator. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 10:25, 11 February 2025 (UTC) *:Yep, this language belongs to Croatia, a European Union member state, where looks like most "active contributors" are editing [[:hr:|hrwiki]], only some finger-countable number of editors join Incubator. Now, contact who about the situation? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:24, 28 February 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/unm]] == Like some previous sections, [[w:Unami language|Unami]] is an extinct language, so having a test project generally violates the LPP. Probably there are some useful contents that should be migrated to 3rd wiki platforms. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 06:37, 22 February 2025 (UTC) :'''Keep''' while the Wikipedia page has it marked as extinct, ethnologue https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ has this marked as an endangered language, to quote the "Language Vitality" section of ethnologue "Endangered — It is no longer the norm that children learn and use this language." which is what Unami is marked as. People are still learning this language and using this language, it is not extinct. Other Wiki's are up in incubator that would violate the LPP yet they are fine. The Taivoan, Aramaic, Coptic and Ancient Greek Incubators would have to be deleted yet two of those are features on the incubator.wikimedia.org homepage, It would be consistent to keep it based off of other decisions I have seen. [User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 20:55, 1 March 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Really "endangered" instead of just "extinct"? Even there are really spam pages featured in [[special:prefixindex/Wp/unm]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:19, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::That is what I see on Ethnologue. Unless I am reading it wrong? Ethnologue is a trusted source on langauges from what I know. If I am wrong feel free to let me know. I do not agree with the spam pages and I was planning to try to fix them up to not be so short, sometimes just a word like "tipas" was before I found the Wikipedia today and added some substance to it. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 03:22, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] But what I can see on Ethnologue is '''The last known speaker, Edward Thompson, died in 2002.''' If you can't demonstrate that how you can speak this language, then you're not really seriously contributing, and I'd love to revert your contributions. The only article you're ever contributed, [[Wp/unm/Tipas]], doesn't look different from a previous case - [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/2024#Wp/vot|Wp/vot]], to which a user who clearly can't understand that language contributed several "contents", later disclosed as "not in that language, by any circumstances". Verily, it looks like your edits on Incubator are your global "first pieces of your contributions", and I really can't believe that "freshmen" users know the function of requests for deletions discussion page, so I would also doubt if you're a [[w:WP:SOCK|legal "freshman"]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:25, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::::I literally just saw a thing saying this Wikipedia has a request for deletion on the homepage of the thing. Please stop emailing me. This has been my only account with Wikipedia. Do you speak Unami? I dont see that info on your page. How can you judge my skill in a language you do not speak. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 15:32, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Okay even a SRCU regarding your case is failed, the word "Endangered" was also almost not mentioned on that Ethnologue page except, as their general interface, on the page footer as "[https://www.ethnologue.com/endangered-languages/ Endangered Languages]" under "Further Reading", which is just a description page without list , so which thing give you to say the Unami is an "Endangered language"? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:01, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::[https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt]https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt Is a screenshot :::::::[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/]https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ is the link. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:13, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] That imgbb file looks like broken, and I even can't see "Language Vitality" on the very same URL (you can email me to request a screenshot from my part), probably that information is only available for your country living? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:18, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sorry about that, https://postimg.cc/V5Xq944p I just uploaded it on this website, and from waht I see it did properly upload this time? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:21, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Also I saved the page I'm seeing to the in the internet archive https://archive.ph/MiS7h so you might be able to see what I'm seeing? What the archived has saved does have what I see if you scroll down a bit. Unless your country for some reason affects that as well? (As you said, this could be a location thing) [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:26, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Hmm, I suddenly found [https://www.ethnologue.com/pricing/ Unlock The World’s Languages - Pricing], where it said for "Language Vitality", it only show "Simplified Scale" for Starter subscriptions, which cause this information doesn't show for me, such information shows to users with at least Essentials subscriptions, that can be free access for users from World Bank mid/low-income countries, but for some matters it can't work for me. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:39, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Ah. I am on free tier and I see that screenshot I sent to you, with the "Language Vitality" being on "Endangered". I don't have an Essentials subscription, I thought it was free for the longest time until LingoLizard mentioned it (A youtuber). In his video where he lists every living language he does list Unami but I didn't include that as a source since. Well its a youtube video and he sourced Ethnologue like me, and In my opinion that would be like citing from the same source twice and I don't think your supposed to do that, but I can sent you that aswell if you would like with the timestamp? If that would help at all? My apologizes if my reply is a bit confusing, for some reason I am confused but you reply a bit but I'm responding to the best of my abilities from what I am understanding. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:47, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Well, but even that's Endangered, how can it meet [[m:LPP|the policy on project languages]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 08:04, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Forgive me but I do not understand your reply. What do you mean by "well but even thats endangered"? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 13:44, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Hmm interesting, that policy mentioned: ::::::::::::::<blockquote> ::::::::::::::;Ancient or historical languages :::::::::::::::Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages. Where possible, such languages should be bundled with the modern equivalent Wikisource project (such as Old English with English), though that is not required. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::But didn't mention the status of "extinct" and (as you said) "endangered" languages, however for later one, I guess another sentence of the policy can also hold up from your strong "keep" idea? ::::::::::::::<blockquote> :::::::::::::::The Wikimedia Foundation does not seek to develop new linguistic entities; there must be an extensive body of works in that language. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::Do you really have ''an extensive body of works'' for Unami? If not, then by only your edits, this language is still not valid for testing, even you can edit the de facto articles, you can't create new ones. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:55, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::Also, I'm appealing the tvx result above, so it may also have possible to be deleted. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:20, 2 March 2025 (UTC) Me, like the nominator, believed that this language is extinct. However, during the discussion it became clear that this is a controversial issue. So far I do not see any reason to remove the test project. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] I think we do have better 3rd party platform from those users who are indeed interested in such non-living languages, so I don't know what means "remove" by you, what I mean by this RFD is to seek for a migrate, not remove. Also, from what I can see, such non-living languages are technically not allowed on creating articles (even test projects exist), cause them generally dormant, and why this is a "controversial issue"? Isn't [[m:Language_proposal_policy#Specific_issues|LPP clearly said]] "Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages." [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :<s>'''Delete''' Per nom, there are no real speakers of Unami anymore. --[[Special:Contributions/2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257|2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257]] 00:47, 10 April 2025 (UTC)</s> ::Ip Address person. This language still has classes for it see https://6abc.com/lenape-teach-language-indigenous-people-of-pennsylvania-teaching-class/12482441/ ::""The Unami, which is the southern dialect, that's what I teach," said DePaul" ::Linguistics consider Unami and Munsee separate languages while Lenape consider them dialects https://www.talk-lenape.org/about-us the talk-lenape site is a Unami dictionary as you can see. ::It can't both have classes for it and "no real speakers" [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:04, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::If you think that that should still really be a "living" instead of an "extinct" language, you can always submit an ISO change request to correct this: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeMh0ThLA64kxccJG9QXSXa2Q1-I2EPZ_gnXD7ptOuPIbfBCg/viewform] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:24, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] It should also be noticed that according to SIL's [https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=Lenape&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=All&name_3=&field_iso639_element_scope_tid=All&field_iso639_language_type_tid=All&items_per_page=200 query], there's no "Lenape" existing, so any claims which says, or previous said, and or will say, the "Lenape language", are by themselves confusing, since the [[w:Lenape language]] on enwiki redirects to [[w:Delaware languages]], which matches the macrolanguage code del, that contains both Munsee and Unami. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:01, 13 April 2025 (UTC) ::ALSO there is good reason to suspect your a sockpuppet of Liuxinyu970226 based on the whois data for your IP. https://whois.toolforge.org/gateway.py?lookup=true&ip=2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257 ::The WHOIS have you in China and the native language for Liuxinyu is Chinese. Your using your IP to make you look like multiple people to get this deleted from what I can see based on that evidence. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:08, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I am also suspicious because sockpuppetry is something I've seen him mention here and in Wp/tvx. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:10, 10 April 2025 (UTC) ::I have reported you, Liuxinyu to arbcom-en@wikimedia.org. I made it clear that you stop emailing me and you emailed me under this IP of yours. You emailed me with false accusation of sockpuppetry. You left a comment on my talkpage saying that this page won't be deleted if I change the language code to DEL or Umu. I'm not the one who created unm, I don't know how to do that, and that would be pointless considering I don't speak Munsee. I speak Unami. You have even used your IP address to make it seem like mulitple people support the deletion of this unm page. I am done tolerating your bullshit and based on this nightmare experience as my first time giving me panic attacks and putting me in fight or flight whenever I see this stupid ass wikipedia in my inbox or its site layout I have seriously considered leaving Wikipedia because of all the pain YOU have caused me and your harassment. Wikimedia does NOT welcome new users and only argues in bad faith to get what they want based on what I've experienced as a new user. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:26, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] I don't have other devices for logging and/or contributing, I even don't know who is that. Should I revert their edit as vandalism? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:02, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I've striked their comment, and warned that IP to login an account. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:09, 10 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ayl]] == This is Libyan Arabic. Seemingly, this should be merged into Incubator Plus.<br> „The language must be sufficiently unique that it could not coexist on a more general wiki. In most cases, this excludes regional dialects and different written forms of the same language.“ -Language Proposal Policy § Requisites for eligibility Criterion 3 [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 18:26, 27 March 2025 (UTC) : Any evidence will be? This has a language ISO code. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:45, 1 April 2025 (UTC) ::[https://cms.arizona.edu/index.php/multilingual/article/view/207/304 Emma Trentman and Sonia Shiri - The Mutual Intelligibility of Arabic Dialects: Implications for the Language Classroom], and also [[metawiki:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic|Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic]]. Please tell me if that's insufficient. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 15:10, 2 April 2025 (UTC) :: The publication does not say that the Libyan dialect (or very little) does not differ from the standard Arabic. There are already Wikipedias in Egyptian and Moroccan dialects. There was also no evidence in the discussion on the Meta, and the request itself was closed due to the lack of active participants. Thus, there are no arguments in favor of closing the test project - '''Keep'''. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:06, 6 April 2025 (UTC) :::Looks like I didn't check [[wikidata:Q97393767|Q97393767]] (Moroccan Arabic Wikipedia) on Wikidata. [[wikidata:Q2374285|Q2374285]] (Egyptian Arabic Wikipedia) also got in in 2008, after the LPP was enacted. :::A very reasonable argument could be made saying that if Moroccan Arabic and Egyptian Arabic were allowed, by that logic, Libyan Arabic should be too. ''Really should have thought of those two.'' Whoops. :::Considering what happened over there; I'm not expecting anybody to jump in any time soon. Some say it's a dialect. Some say it's a separate language entirely. Some say it's harder to understand, some say it's actually mutually intelligible. Had I done more research than what I went into, I may not have even made his request. So, now I'm '''Neutral''', and due to the existence of the Moroccan and Egyptian Arabic Wikipedias, ''slightly leaning towards keep''? Still unsure about it though, on whether or not this should be allowed or not. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 00:18, 7 April 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per nom, for the record, there are too much of membership language codes of the [[w:macrolanguage|macro]]-Arabic (ar) which created their test projects, two of em are nowadays launched for years and some got their RFL eligible. Needs linguistics from this area to provide suggestions. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:31, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :{{oppose|Strongly}} Libyan dialect is really unique, yes Tunisian is similar to it but there are still major differences. Libyan has taken tons of loanwords from Italian which makes it unique, Wikipedia even has a [[:en:List_of_Libyan_Arabic_words_of_Italian_origin|word list for them]]. You can't restrict millions from reading Wikipedia in their own dialect. [[User:Kirkukturk3|Best iraqi]] ([[User talk:Kirkukturk3|talk]]) 15:15, 21 April 2025 (UTC) {{Section resolved|1=[[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:25, 13 June 2025 (UTC)|2=Forgot about the other Arabic dialects getting Wikipedias too. I voted neutral when the source that I went off of turned out to not explicitly say Libyan Arabic isn't too different from Modern Standard Arabic. Should have closed this down the second this was shown to me.<br> ''Plus, someone else also came in and said Libyan Arabic is ''extremely'' different.''<br> But instead of closing it, I left it here and let it go stale, waiting for a discussion that may already be dead to be revived.<br> Unfortunately, it was not revived. So... yeah. If other information is found then this may come back but for now, resolved.<br> Basically, other Arabic Wikipedias exist of the same type; so in this case Libyan Arabic should be fine. }} == [[Wb/be-tarask]], [[Wn/be-tarask]], [[Wq/be-tarask]] and [[Wy/be-tarask]] == According to [[I:PREFIX]], the language (of test projects) must have a valid ISO 639 code, where Taraškievica doesn't, and I don't see any permits from e.g. [[Incubator:Requests for starting a test]] where this is however "specially permitted". --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 04:49, 9 May 2025 (UTC) :1. my activity was due to your invitation. Wikivoyage was created on November 6, 2013 . You created it. :2. there was an invitation to act on the page. So user:Ясамойла starting acting. :3. ISO 639 has a Belarusian language code ('''be''') and Taraškievica is a orthography not a language. :4. right the truth. There's no money and the number of sites needs to be reduced. :[[User:Ясамойла|Ясамойла]] ([[User talk:Ясамойла|talk]]) 14:14, 9 May 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ясамойла}} Why not just merge them with [[b:be:]]? [[Wn/be]]? [[q:be:]]? and [[Wy/be]]? invitation? No, that's from a bot called "Welcoming Bot" in 2014, that bot was not mine. "You created it." lol of lol, the creator is, as per [[Special:Diff/1104359]] & [[Special:Diff/1101203]], the {{ping|Travelour​}}, so your first point is an instrument of ratification of your lies, as well as the second. The third one is correct, but as so, you shouldn't start such projects here, but try to use the existing be tests/project sites, as that's an orthography, and not a language, it's not belong to Incubator, but to the existing projects. And what's meant to be your last point? "no money", have you ever read [[m:Wikimedia Foundation]]? Wikimedia foundation is a non-profit organization, so why do you wanna it to have any "moneys" internally? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:20, 9 May 2025 (UTC) : I understand why the user thought that such projects could exist. There is a Wikipedia in Tarashkevitsa. However, the current rules do not allow creating any other Wikimedia projects in Tarashkevitsa. These projects can be combined with the corresponding projects in the official orthography. Or, maybe, after some reworking, these projects can be made in Interslavic language understandable to all Slavs. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:13, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wy/id]], [[Wp/knc]], [[Wp/tdd]], [[Wq/gor]], [[wp/tig]], [[wt/tcy]]== I propose to remove those wikiprojects from Incubator because they were imported and created a long time ago. [[User:Пан Хаунд 2|Пан Хаунд 2]] ([[User talk:Пан Хаунд 2|talk]]) 16:12, 6 June 2025 (UTC) atfbpw378jheqe7zzrgy0ar1s7m2120 6685735 6685562 2025-06-14T00:48:23Z Liuxinyu970226 19450 /* Wy/id, Wp/knc, Wp/tdd, Wq/gor, wp/tig, wt/tcy */ +zsm 6685735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Shortcut|[[I:RFD]]|archivelink=Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive}} __NEWSECTIONLINK__ This page is for nominating '''test wikis''' for deletion, or for nominating '''pages related to the maintenance of the Incubator''' for deletion. Requests for '''un'''deletions can also be made here. To request the deletion of '''individual pages in a specific test wiki''', please use the relevant talk pages where the editors of the test wiki are most active (such as the talk page of the test wiki's Main Page). Pages that should be speedily deleted should be tagged with <tvar name="1">{{tl|delete}}</tvar> '''with a proper reason'''. It is typically not necessary to request that pages in a test wiki be deleted after the project has been given its own subdomain (e.g., <code>aa.wikipedia.org</code>), since such deletions are part of the normal workflow when creating new wikis. Eventually all pages in the test wiki will be deleted, leaving behind only the [[Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page|info page]]. For the deletion policy, see [[Incubator:Deletion policy]]. {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 1 | archive = 'Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive/((year)) | show = yes }} == [[Wp/sro]] == Like the Wp/arq above, there are some evidences make this test project unsuccessful too. Campidanese is only considered as a dialect of Sardinian, and the [[w:sc:|Sardinian Wikipedia]] already has lots of articles written in this dialect. One scwiki administrator @[[User:L2212|L2212]] also pointed at [[w:Talk:Campidanese Sardinian#Link to Incubator test or Sardinian Wikipedia?|this talk page]], that the real Campidanese speakers always directly contribute scwiki, where the user in that question, Fausta Samaritani, has identified to be another maker of scowiki-like problems, where that user doesn't really speak or write Sardinian, or any dialects of it, and that user's aim looks like to "transform scwiki to be a constellation (sic?)", which doesn't really work-able in any circumstances. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:24, 10 February 2024 (UTC) :I also support the deletion of that test wiki. As @[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] has already written, it's a personal project by a non-speaker (using two names, Fausta Samaritani and Sirmio Cabinigre) that decided to work on it by creating hundreds of copy-pasted and almost empty articles (like the ones regarding [[Wp/sro/2 Maju|the days of the month]], [[Wp/sro/1829|the years]] or [[Wp/sro/Su de 19 sèculus|the centuries]]) with empty sections that someone else would have to fill. The [[Wp/sro]] project was already clearly not successful, having existed for years without a single article, and the sudden push for it's "development" and even its publication as a new language version comes from Fausta Samaritani's desire to split Sardinian in a multitude of wikis, one for every dialect (there are 200+ of them, btw, since every town has its own little differences, so you can imagine how feasible such an idea would be), to create, as Liuxinyu970226 mentioned, a "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian&diff=prev&oldid=23049354 constellation of wikis]" (sic) about it. Considering the fact that Sardinian is a single language with mutual intelligibility between the dialects, that we already have few active users as it is, and that the users that write using the Campidanese orthography (often alongside others, like the LSC one) use sc.wiki (where we also have rules and template to work with multiple orthographies and versions of an article) and have rejected time and time again this project (as you can see in the discussions [[:sc:Wikipedia:Tzilleri#Incubator|here]], [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Logudorese_Sardinian|here]] and [[metawiki:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Campidanese_Sardinian|here]], where you can also find more informations about Sardinia's linguistic situation) the fact that she is still insisting is honestly absurd. [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 19:59, 15 February 2024 (UTC) ::I see the Sardinian wiki uses similar tactics like Limburgish, which also has a high dialectual variation (see [[:sc:Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia|Agiudu:Grafias de Wikipedia]]), so I personally agree that there is no need for separate wikis. However, the requests are marked as eligible by the language subcom, so we have to allow them here. So really, this needs to be addressed at [[:meta:Language committee]] first. Here we facilitate, we don't judge eligibility, that's up to the Langcom. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 16:03, 16 February 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] There are some languages where their "Wikipedia requests" are eligible, but Incubator tests deleted: [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Fala|Fala]] ([[Wp/fax|fax]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Orang Seletar|Orang Seletar]] ([[Wp/ors|ors]]), [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ter Sami|Ter Sami]] ([[Wp/sjt|sjt]]) and [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Votic|Votic]] ([[Wp/vot|vot]]), with the third one been barred for re-creation. To the best of my knowledge, we should re-debate eligibility of these 5 (yep, include sro one) requests, they are controversial requests by even non-L2 speakers. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 17 February 2024 (UTC) ::::Those test projects were deleted because the contents was either gibberish or in another language than the code, not on eligibility reasons. As I indicated before, we facilitate, we don't judge. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 07:19, 17 February 2024 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] Yes, Wp/sro is also containing gibberish and absurd contents provided by speakers of another language, as L2212 said above, "we don't judge" don't mean either, that we can't oppose, just see what I commented at those controversial "eligible" requests: [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Fala#Arguments against|1]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Orang_Seletar#Arguments against|2]], [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Ter_Sami#Arguments against|3]] and [[m:Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Votic#Arguments against|4]] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:51, 26 February 2024 (UTC) ::I am in agreement with the deletion, as presented by @[[User:L2212|L2212]] [[User:Riad Salih|Riad Salih]] ([[User talk:Riad Salih|talk]]) 16:43, 21 February 2024 (UTC) :::Why isn't the wiki transferred to [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0] instead or maybe, move the articles to the Wikipedia in Sardinian with a note explaining that they are written in Sassarese? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:31, 3 March 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] If you can explain that why those contents are not "gibberish and absurd" as explained and endorsed above, feel free. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:34, 23 March 2024 (UTC) : The content should be moved to Sardinian Wikipedia or Miraheze. I don't see anything "gibberish and absurd" in the content. Yes, the articles are small, but that's another problem. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:01, 18 December 2024 (UTC) ::@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] See L2212's comments above, unless if you're really debating his comments, I don't see why Fausta's contributions aren't gibberish and absurd. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 12:41, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :: [[Wp/sro/1991|Example]]. I see, it is a simple small article about year, nothing absurd. They are written, as far as I can judge, in Sardinian, and most likely in Campidanese orthography, because besides Fausta, there was also a user who actually knew Sardinian who edited it. I do not support a separate Campidanese Wikipedia, but we must be objective. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 13:15, 18 December 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:L2212|L2212]] What's your idea on Danvintius Bookix's idea to merge this test project into sc.wikipedia? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:18, 19 December 2024 (UTC) ::::If there are any useful articles (that were not copied from sc.wiki) ok, we can create the pages or the orthographic subpages to import them, but I have my doubts that that's the case. The example used by @[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] is not any different from an edit made by a bot, would any other wiki import those? We are talking about hundreds of articles here. ::::At the very least, all the empty sections should be deleted, and the text corrected (it's "annu de su de 20 sèculus", not "annu de su 20 sèculus", that's what happens when someone that doesn't speak a language copies and pastes the same unverified text only replacing numbers and the names of the months) but in articles like [[Wp/sro/1829|this one]] that would leave almost nothing. Is it even worth the effort? [[User:L2212|L2212]] ([[User talk:L2212|talk]]) 23:57, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :{{support}} to delete. [[User:Md Mobashir Hossain|&#126;Mobashir]] ([[User talk:Md Mobashir Hossain|talk]]) 10:11, 6 March 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/non]] == As per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Old Norse 2|2nd rejected RFL]], the Old Norse is an extinct proto language, and having a test project violates LPP. Even though there are still Old adults can be considered Old Norse ethnic, they are generally migrated to speak Saami or standard Norwegian (maybe Bokmal or Nynorsk, I don't have interests), so I even don't know why this project was started. Maybe migrate to Incubator Plus before deleted? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 17 October 2024 (UTC) :{{Support}} I support the deletion of this project and, if possible, its migration elsewhere as per the request. I have observed that the project has never been active since its creation. -- [[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:53, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::I'm willing to export it to Incubator 2.0 if deletion is desired. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 18:11, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]], [[Wp/ycr]] == Most of the content in these Incubators was created by [[User:Sdf]]. [[Wp/ils]] and [[Wp/tss]] only have main pages, which appear to be written in SignWriting, but that's it. [[Wp/ycr]] has several one-word pages. They can perhaps be moved to a Wiktionary Incubator, but I'm not even sure about that. I tried pinging [[User:Sdf]] on Meta about this and got no reply. In this state, it's probably better to start those languages from scratch if anyone serious wants to do it. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 19:11, 22 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Delete ils''', No known L1 users according to a 2015 survey, so no hope for any seriously contributors. '''Neutral for tss and ycr''', tss has 24,000 speakers and ycr 3,200, both belong to Taiwan, which looks like the home of Sdf. Tend to ask WMTW staffs @[[User:Supaplex|Supaplex]], [[User:Ffaarr|Ffaarr]], [[User:Imacat|Imacat]], [[User:Alexsh|Alexsh]], [[User:Koala0090|Koala0090]], [[User:JM99|JM99]], [[User:Reke|Reke]], [[User:Natsu621|Natsu621]] and [[User:林非帶你飛|林非帶你飛]] for inputs. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:32, 30 October 2024 (UTC) ::{{done|Deleted}} - [[Wp/ils]], [[Wp/tss]]. [[User:Ninjastrikers|<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:blue;font-family:century gothic;">Ninja<span style="color:red">✮</span>Strikers</span>]] ^{<span style="color:Red;font-size:85%;">«[[User talk:Ninjastrikers|☎]]»</span>} 15:03, 9 December 2024 (UTC) : '''Neutral''' If [[User:Sdf]] is local to the languages, as suggested in the discussion, [[Wp/ycr]] may serve as valuable language documentation. In this case, the project should be given a reasonable amount of time to grow, provided there are active local users willing to contribute. Additionally, the short pages with valid content could be moved to the Wiktionary project ([[Wt/ycr]]) after notifying the community. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 07:21, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/kls]] == There is nothing there except a "main page" that is written in English and Urdu and not in Kalasha. The language is probably eligible, but should be started from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 05:08, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', there are 5,000 native speakers per Ethnologue, are there any possible to find some Pakistani contributors to maintain it? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/lew]] == All the pages are very short and repetitive, and according to @[[User:Janwo|Janwo]], they aren't quite written in the claimed language. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 16:06, 25 October 2024 (UTC) :What i said was that <u>in a few pages</u>, I found sentences partly written in Bahasa Indonesia. --[[User:Janwo|Janwo]] ([[User talk:Janwo|talk]]) 06:04, 27 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 215,000 speakers, maybe contacting [[wmid:|WMID]] for ideas? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:48, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/mbb]] == Only one very short page. The user who created it is no longer active. It's better to start from scratch. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 17:03, 29 October 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''', 15,000 speakers, not sure whether [[m:Wiki Society of the Philippines]] has idea on finding real L1 speakers to contribute. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:57, 30 October 2024 (UTC) == [[Wp/bph]] == Same story as [[Wp/tin]] above: three one-word pages, a copied template in Russian and a main page entirely in Russian as well. Not a single sentence in Botlikh, and quite obviously never touched by anyone with knowledge of the language. {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 18:15, 17 November 2024 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' 5,240 speakers, also Unwritten [Qaax] language, as such, my comment to tin above also applies here. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:50, 17 November 2024 (UTC) ::It's not about numbers of speakers. A small but dedicated community can be enough to create a thriving project (like [[:avk:|this one]], which 50 speakers), but sometimes a project is closed for the simple reason that nobody wants or needs it, even if the language itself has a million speakers or more. Here we аre dealing with a test wiki created by an anonymous user who clearly doesn't know the language, but simply copy-'n-pasted a main page in Russian from some other test wiki, as well as three one-word pages with words that were probably found [[:ru:Ботлихцы|here]], [[:ru:Ботлихский язык|here]] and [[:wikt:лълъени|here]], none of which have ever been edited by anyone else. According to [[Incubator:Policy#Common reasons for test deletion|policy]], all four of them qualify for deletion. Since there's nothing worth preserving here, wouldn't you agree that it would be better to start from scratch once someone shows up who actually speaks the language? {{User:IJzeren Jan/Podpis}} 22:43, 19 November 2024 (UTC) :::@[[User:IJzeren Jan|IJzeren Jan]] There are indeed someone contributors, whether they are really writting in Botlikh language is a question here, but I still need more evidences to say they aren't. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:00, 23 February 2025 (UTC) :Full {{Support}} of deletion per nominator. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:13, 20 November 2024 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion as explained above. If this project contains no meaningful content and has never been active since its creation, retaining it does not appear to serve any useful purpose. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 05:42, 5 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wt/rml]] == All pages are completely written in Russian, not in Baltic Romani. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 15:48, 3 December 2024 (UTC) : Судя по всему, автор, {{ping|Samuel.A.Kim}}, не совсем верно понял смысл Викисловаря. Думаю, это нужно перенести в русский Викисловарь. I think, it should be moved to Russian Wiktionary. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 09:52, 25 December 2024 (UTC) ::Автор понял суть словаря, но учитывая, что автор создавал материалы в инкубаторе, то в первую очередь приоритетом было наполнение словаря, а не перевод интерфейса. Кроме того, учитывая, что данный диалект использует русский язык в качестве основы, то при работе в инкубаторе было удобнее пользоваться интерфейсом, который был предложен, т.е. русский. [[User:Samuel.A.Kim|Samuel.A.Kim]] ([[User talk:Samuel.A.Kim|talk]]) 19:18, 12 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per [https://www.ethnologue.com/language/rml/ Ethnologue], 7,280 speakers in Poland, 12,000 in Belarus, 460 in Estonia, 1,970 in Lithuania, 5,640 in Latvia, and probably there are speakers in Russia, and all are in 5* (Developing) status. Looks like both Cyrillic and Latin being used for these speakers, just depend on where they're living, better to give some months to see if such purely-russian contents can be translated or not. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:38, 16 January 2025 (UTC) ::Anyway {{ping|Таёжный лес}} The Danvintius Bookix above recently contributed some contents at [[Wq/rml]], is that project also meeting same issue? Or that project is in correct language? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:46, 17 January 2025 (UTC) :::In the correct language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:54, 18 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/lah/Main Page]] == Do we really need a project using macrolanguage code, where all of its member language codes are either having separate test projects, or already having Wikipedias for years? Specifically for the [[iso639-3:lah|lah]]: #Southern Hindko (hnd) - [[Wp/hnd|test project]] #Northern Hindko (hno) - [[Wp/hno|test project]] #Jakati (jat) - [[Wp/jat|test project]] (but claimed "Jatki" which cause another RFD above) #Pahari-Potwari (phr) - [[Wp/phr|test project]] #Western Panjabi (pnb) - [[:pnb:|pnbwiki exists]] #Saraiki (skr) - [[:skr:|skrwiki exists]] #Khetrani (xhe) - [[Wp/xhe|test project]] --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:59, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :Wp/jat & this be deleted because macro languages are not allowed. same case is for Wp/bal. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 17:19, 14 December 2024 (UTC) ::I'm not discussing [[Wp/bal]] due to verification debates in the past months, see [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7EMAJ65BEXKIAWWIB6AF56W4HT3R6NPA/#L5A2IUCABI5GSLZ2IAF5QK6G5TC3FZW4 1], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SUVKRRJ7J5B5HP7H5WKIRS6FZILCYVZV/#TTBSBLP2GDQ4BY35MYWOQNHDEWUAFA34 2], and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/langcom@lists.wikimedia.org/message/J3PVNCZC5YX6NMEW35MQE2JVSHUHZEPO/ 3]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:29, 14 December 2024 (UTC) :::Ok, If Wp/lah is remained, what will be its dialect. so be deleted. also wp/jat be removed because code is not correct. [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 15:32, 15 December 2024 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] Dear, As per request of creator of Wp/jat be removed. or it may be moved to Wp/lah. Please do as soon as possible [[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] ([[User talk:Sraiki|talk]]) 07:04, 2 January 2025 (UTC) :::::@[[User:Sraiki|Sraiki]] There's already a '''[[#Wp/jat,_Wt/jat,_Wb/jat,_Wn/jat,_Wq/jat_and_Wy/jat|jat related discussion]]''' above, anyway I'm not an admin so I can't delete anything. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:06, 2 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/tt]] == These projects are already on Russian Wikinews [[Special:Contributions/151.135.197.56|151.135.197.56]] 13:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC) :Tend to '''support deletion''' of Wn/kk per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh|rejected RFL]], which as only having little substubs before RFL rejection, there are merely no benefit for having a separate kk.wikinews. Eventually, it currently has '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/kk/|no pages]]'''. (Someone would say that there's [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh 2|second open RFL]], but its creator Bauka0625 didn't create anything except their own user page here) :The later two were discussed [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/3#Wikinews_projects_in_languages_of_the_Russian_Federation|in 2019]] which result no consensus, of which Tatar Wikinews has its [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Tatar|RFL verified as eligible]], I'm not sure whether there's really benefit for second trial of RFD em. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 5 January 2025 (UTC) : {{Support}} I support the deletion of the projects as per the request. Besides that, these projects have never been active in the incubator since their creation.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 08:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] The last Tatar one may be a sensitive question as, again, its RFL is verified as eligible, I contacted a user who voted keep in that 2019 DR, that has several contributions to [[Wq/tt]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 10:24, 8 January 2025 (UTC) : "Delete" (in scare quotes because no use of the MediaWiki deletion functionality is involved here - the page will really be replaced with a pointer) [[wn/kk]] as empty. Delete [[wn/sah]], which only contains a main page and no other content. Inclined to delete [[wn/tt]], which only contains a Main Page and one news article from 2020, as well, but not as strongly convinced. In any case these can be recreated if there's a movement to develop the project outside of Russian Wikinews. : Once these are deleted, we need to decide what to do with the domain names https://kk.wikinews.org, https://sah.wikinews.org, https://tt.wikinews.org. :: Inclined to redirect https://tt.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82, https://sah.wikinews.org -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9, but redirect https://kk.wikinews.org to https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C (the project page explaining Russian Wikinews' multilingual initiative) since there isn't even a Kazakh Main Page. Although even the first two are very dead. And for all three domains redirect https://tt.wikinews.org/wiki/foo -> https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/Foo. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 20:03, 12 January 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Pppery|Pppery]] I think for 3rd one, once we indeed gain consensus to delete, we might need to discuss with langcom members on whether its RFL's eligible status should be revoked. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:42, 13 January 2025 (UTC) ::: The project should remain in-theory eligible. I'm effectively saying to do a [[w:WP:Soft deletion|soft delete]] - delete the nearly-empty test currently there without prejudice against a new movement for starting a test if one forms. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 03:43, 13 January 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ruo]] == Project contains only six articles, each of which contains only the title or title with a translation into another language. The main page contains only one sentence in Istro-Romanian. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 17:40, 24 January 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' That rejected RFL was wrongly claiming "Morlakian", where Istro Romanian has 1,400 speakers (of which 300 of them are L1 speakers), contact hrwiki users first? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:40, 27 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' so what. What are the benefits of deleting this? There's 0. Leave the project, and if one day an Istro-Romanian speaker comes, even if it's in 2040, they'll have a project to work on. Maybe they would not know otherwise how to create an Incubator project or that they can in the first place. We already missed a chance to attract an Istro-Romanian speaker [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse/Questions/Archive_974#Wikipedia_i_Rum%C3%A2re%C8%99te?] because no Incubator existed (they never responded to my comment just one month and a half later [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:130.156.128.249&oldid=909944692]). Why'd you want that number to be any higher? :By the way, I wasn't even warned of this deletion request by the nominator. It had to be another user 3 days later. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 18:28, 27 January 2025 (UTC) ::And what are the benefits of wasting server space now? When they come they can easily re-create the project. [[Special:Contributions/5.183.29.95|5.183.29.95]] 11:33, 29 January 2025 (UTC) :::Hahaha. Not ever has an editor cared about "wasting server space". This is the problem of the wealthy [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Guy_Macon/Wikipedia_has_Cancer] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fundraising_statistics] Wikimedia foundation, not yours. Tell me, how does it affect your experience as a reader and/or editor that this project exists in its currently very basic state? It is obvious that a newcomer user will not know how to create an Incubator project. If I or any other don't find them in time to guide them, we just lost another potential native speaker editor. All so that we could save server space on the free, volunteer website. [[User:Super Dromaeosaurus|Super Dromaeosaurus]] ([[User talk:Super Dromaeosaurus|talk]]) 17:54, 29 January 2025 (UTC) * '''Keep''' It seems to me that there are native users of this language community within Wikimedia who try to contribute to the wrong project. However, they are unable to find Wikimedia Incubator. I can relate to this, as some of my community members often write Sylheti in neighboring language projects, and their contributions get reverted (for example: [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=prev&oldid=7790955 edit] and [https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=শাহ_আবদুল_করিম&diff=next&oldid=7790960 revert/removal]) because it’s the wrong language (for neighboring language project). They are unaware that they can contribute to the incubator. --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 10:25, 11 February 2025 (UTC) *:Yep, this language belongs to Croatia, a European Union member state, where looks like most "active contributors" are editing [[:hr:|hrwiki]], only some finger-countable number of editors join Incubator. Now, contact who about the situation? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:24, 28 February 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/unm]] == Like some previous sections, [[w:Unami language|Unami]] is an extinct language, so having a test project generally violates the LPP. Probably there are some useful contents that should be migrated to 3rd wiki platforms. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 06:37, 22 February 2025 (UTC) :'''Keep''' while the Wikipedia page has it marked as extinct, ethnologue https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ has this marked as an endangered language, to quote the "Language Vitality" section of ethnologue "Endangered — It is no longer the norm that children learn and use this language." which is what Unami is marked as. People are still learning this language and using this language, it is not extinct. Other Wiki's are up in incubator that would violate the LPP yet they are fine. The Taivoan, Aramaic, Coptic and Ancient Greek Incubators would have to be deleted yet two of those are features on the incubator.wikimedia.org homepage, It would be consistent to keep it based off of other decisions I have seen. [User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 20:55, 1 March 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Really "endangered" instead of just "extinct"? Even there are really spam pages featured in [[special:prefixindex/Wp/unm]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:19, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::That is what I see on Ethnologue. Unless I am reading it wrong? Ethnologue is a trusted source on langauges from what I know. If I am wrong feel free to let me know. I do not agree with the spam pages and I was planning to try to fix them up to not be so short, sometimes just a word like "tipas" was before I found the Wikipedia today and added some substance to it. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 03:22, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] But what I can see on Ethnologue is '''The last known speaker, Edward Thompson, died in 2002.''' If you can't demonstrate that how you can speak this language, then you're not really seriously contributing, and I'd love to revert your contributions. The only article you're ever contributed, [[Wp/unm/Tipas]], doesn't look different from a previous case - [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/2024#Wp/vot|Wp/vot]], to which a user who clearly can't understand that language contributed several "contents", later disclosed as "not in that language, by any circumstances". Verily, it looks like your edits on Incubator are your global "first pieces of your contributions", and I really can't believe that "freshmen" users know the function of requests for deletions discussion page, so I would also doubt if you're a [[w:WP:SOCK|legal "freshman"]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:25, 2 March 2025 (UTC) :::::I literally just saw a thing saying this Wikipedia has a request for deletion on the homepage of the thing. Please stop emailing me. This has been my only account with Wikipedia. Do you speak Unami? I dont see that info on your page. How can you judge my skill in a language you do not speak. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 15:32, 2 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] Okay even a SRCU regarding your case is failed, the word "Endangered" was also almost not mentioned on that Ethnologue page except, as their general interface, on the page footer as "[https://www.ethnologue.com/endangered-languages/ Endangered Languages]" under "Further Reading", which is just a description page without list , so which thing give you to say the Unami is an "Endangered language"? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:01, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::[https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt]https://ibb.co/1GF2rCXt Is a screenshot :::::::[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/]https://www.ethnologue.com/language/unm/ is the link. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:13, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] That imgbb file looks like broken, and I even can't see "Language Vitality" on the very same URL (you can email me to request a screenshot from my part), probably that information is only available for your country living? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:18, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sorry about that, https://postimg.cc/V5Xq944p I just uploaded it on this website, and from waht I see it did properly upload this time? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:21, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Also I saved the page I'm seeing to the in the internet archive https://archive.ph/MiS7h so you might be able to see what I'm seeing? What the archived has saved does have what I see if you scroll down a bit. Unless your country for some reason affects that as well? (As you said, this could be a location thing) [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:26, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Hmm, I suddenly found [https://www.ethnologue.com/pricing/ Unlock The World’s Languages - Pricing], where it said for "Language Vitality", it only show "Simplified Scale" for Starter subscriptions, which cause this information doesn't show for me, such information shows to users with at least Essentials subscriptions, that can be free access for users from World Bank mid/low-income countries, but for some matters it can't work for me. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:39, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Ah. I am on free tier and I see that screenshot I sent to you, with the "Language Vitality" being on "Endangered". I don't have an Essentials subscription, I thought it was free for the longest time until LingoLizard mentioned it (A youtuber). In his video where he lists every living language he does list Unami but I didn't include that as a source since. Well its a youtube video and he sourced Ethnologue like me, and In my opinion that would be like citing from the same source twice and I don't think your supposed to do that, but I can sent you that aswell if you would like with the timestamp? If that would help at all? My apologizes if my reply is a bit confusing, for some reason I am confused but you reply a bit but I'm responding to the best of my abilities from what I am understanding. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 02:47, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Well, but even that's Endangered, how can it meet [[m:LPP|the policy on project languages]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 08:04, 3 March 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Forgive me but I do not understand your reply. What do you mean by "well but even thats endangered"? [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 13:44, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Hmm interesting, that policy mentioned: ::::::::::::::<blockquote> ::::::::::::::;Ancient or historical languages :::::::::::::::Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages. Where possible, such languages should be bundled with the modern equivalent Wikisource project (such as Old English with English), though that is not required. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::But didn't mention the status of "extinct" and (as you said) "endangered" languages, however for later one, I guess another sentence of the policy can also hold up from your strong "keep" idea? ::::::::::::::<blockquote> :::::::::::::::The Wikimedia Foundation does not seek to develop new linguistic entities; there must be an extensive body of works in that language. ::::::::::::::</blockquote> ::::::::::::::Do you really have ''an extensive body of works'' for Unami? If not, then by only your edits, this language is still not valid for testing, even you can edit the de facto articles, you can't create new ones. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:55, 3 March 2025 (UTC) ::Also, I'm appealing the tvx result above, so it may also have possible to be deleted. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:20, 2 March 2025 (UTC) Me, like the nominator, believed that this language is extinct. However, during the discussion it became clear that this is a controversial issue. So far I do not see any reason to remove the test project. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] I think we do have better 3rd party platform from those users who are indeed interested in such non-living languages, so I don't know what means "remove" by you, what I mean by this RFD is to seek for a migrate, not remove. Also, from what I can see, such non-living languages are technically not allowed on creating articles (even test projects exist), cause them generally dormant, and why this is a "controversial issue"? Isn't [[m:Language_proposal_policy#Specific_issues|LPP clearly said]] "Only Wikisource wikis in ancient or historical languages are accepted, because resources in such languages continue to be important to the world, even in the absence of native, living speakers of those languages." [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:56, 9 March 2025 (UTC) :<s>'''Delete''' Per nom, there are no real speakers of Unami anymore. --[[Special:Contributions/2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257|2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257]] 00:47, 10 April 2025 (UTC)</s> ::Ip Address person. This language still has classes for it see https://6abc.com/lenape-teach-language-indigenous-people-of-pennsylvania-teaching-class/12482441/ ::""The Unami, which is the southern dialect, that's what I teach," said DePaul" ::Linguistics consider Unami and Munsee separate languages while Lenape consider them dialects https://www.talk-lenape.org/about-us the talk-lenape site is a Unami dictionary as you can see. ::It can't both have classes for it and "no real speakers" [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:04, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::If you think that that should still really be a "living" instead of an "extinct" language, you can always submit an ISO change request to correct this: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeMh0ThLA64kxccJG9QXSXa2Q1-I2EPZ_gnXD7ptOuPIbfBCg/viewform] [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:24, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] It should also be noticed that according to SIL's [https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=Lenape&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=All&name_3=&field_iso639_element_scope_tid=All&field_iso639_language_type_tid=All&items_per_page=200 query], there's no "Lenape" existing, so any claims which says, or previous said, and or will say, the "Lenape language", are by themselves confusing, since the [[w:Lenape language]] on enwiki redirects to [[w:Delaware languages]], which matches the macrolanguage code del, that contains both Munsee and Unami. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:01, 13 April 2025 (UTC) ::ALSO there is good reason to suspect your a sockpuppet of Liuxinyu970226 based on the whois data for your IP. https://whois.toolforge.org/gateway.py?lookup=true&ip=2408:8411:900B:8751:2B1:1BCC:67AA:9257 ::The WHOIS have you in China and the native language for Liuxinyu is Chinese. Your using your IP to make you look like multiple people to get this deleted from what I can see based on that evidence. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:08, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I am also suspicious because sockpuppetry is something I've seen him mention here and in Wp/tvx. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:10, 10 April 2025 (UTC) ::I have reported you, Liuxinyu to arbcom-en@wikimedia.org. I made it clear that you stop emailing me and you emailed me under this IP of yours. You emailed me with false accusation of sockpuppetry. You left a comment on my talkpage saying that this page won't be deleted if I change the language code to DEL or Umu. I'm not the one who created unm, I don't know how to do that, and that would be pointless considering I don't speak Munsee. I speak Unami. You have even used your IP address to make it seem like mulitple people support the deletion of this unm page. I am done tolerating your bullshit and based on this nightmare experience as my first time giving me panic attacks and putting me in fight or flight whenever I see this stupid ass wikipedia in my inbox or its site layout I have seriously considered leaving Wikipedia because of all the pain YOU have caused me and your harassment. Wikimedia does NOT welcome new users and only argues in bad faith to get what they want based on what I've experienced as a new user. [[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] ([[User talk:Flowingblaze|talk]]) 19:26, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::@[[User:Flowingblaze|Flowingblaze]] I don't have other devices for logging and/or contributing, I even don't know who is that. Should I revert their edit as vandalism? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:02, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :::I've striked their comment, and warned that IP to login an account. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:09, 10 April 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/ayl]] == This is Libyan Arabic. Seemingly, this should be merged into Incubator Plus.<br> „The language must be sufficiently unique that it could not coexist on a more general wiki. In most cases, this excludes regional dialects and different written forms of the same language.“ -Language Proposal Policy § Requisites for eligibility Criterion 3 [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 18:26, 27 March 2025 (UTC) : Any evidence will be? This has a language ISO code. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:45, 1 April 2025 (UTC) ::[https://cms.arizona.edu/index.php/multilingual/article/view/207/304 Emma Trentman and Sonia Shiri - The Mutual Intelligibility of Arabic Dialects: Implications for the Language Classroom], and also [[metawiki:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic|Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Libyan Arabic]]. Please tell me if that's insufficient. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 15:10, 2 April 2025 (UTC) :: The publication does not say that the Libyan dialect (or very little) does not differ from the standard Arabic. There are already Wikipedias in Egyptian and Moroccan dialects. There was also no evidence in the discussion on the Meta, and the request itself was closed due to the lack of active participants. Thus, there are no arguments in favor of closing the test project - '''Keep'''. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 10:06, 6 April 2025 (UTC) :::Looks like I didn't check [[wikidata:Q97393767|Q97393767]] (Moroccan Arabic Wikipedia) on Wikidata. [[wikidata:Q2374285|Q2374285]] (Egyptian Arabic Wikipedia) also got in in 2008, after the LPP was enacted. :::A very reasonable argument could be made saying that if Moroccan Arabic and Egyptian Arabic were allowed, by that logic, Libyan Arabic should be too. ''Really should have thought of those two.'' Whoops. :::Considering what happened over there; I'm not expecting anybody to jump in any time soon. Some say it's a dialect. Some say it's a separate language entirely. Some say it's harder to understand, some say it's actually mutually intelligible. Had I done more research than what I went into, I may not have even made his request. So, now I'm '''Neutral''', and due to the existence of the Moroccan and Egyptian Arabic Wikipedias, ''slightly leaning towards keep''? Still unsure about it though, on whether or not this should be allowed or not. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 00:18, 7 April 2025 (UTC) :'''Neutral''' Per nom, for the record, there are too much of membership language codes of the [[w:macrolanguage|macro]]-Arabic (ar) which created their test projects, two of em are nowadays launched for years and some got their RFL eligible. Needs linguistics from this area to provide suggestions. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 22:31, 10 April 2025 (UTC) :{{oppose|Strongly}} Libyan dialect is really unique, yes Tunisian is similar to it but there are still major differences. Libyan has taken tons of loanwords from Italian which makes it unique, Wikipedia even has a [[:en:List_of_Libyan_Arabic_words_of_Italian_origin|word list for them]]. You can't restrict millions from reading Wikipedia in their own dialect. [[User:Kirkukturk3|Best iraqi]] ([[User talk:Kirkukturk3|talk]]) 15:15, 21 April 2025 (UTC) {{Section resolved|1=[[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:25, 13 June 2025 (UTC)|2=Forgot about the other Arabic dialects getting Wikipedias too. I voted neutral when the source that I went off of turned out to not explicitly say Libyan Arabic isn't too different from Modern Standard Arabic. Should have closed this down the second this was shown to me.<br> ''Plus, someone else also came in and said Libyan Arabic is ''extremely'' different.''<br> But instead of closing it, I left it here and let it go stale, waiting for a discussion that may already be dead to be revived.<br> Unfortunately, it was not revived. So... yeah. If other information is found then this may come back but for now, resolved.<br> Basically, other Arabic Wikipedias exist of the same type; so in this case Libyan Arabic should be fine. }} == [[Wb/be-tarask]], [[Wn/be-tarask]], [[Wq/be-tarask]] and [[Wy/be-tarask]] == According to [[I:PREFIX]], the language (of test projects) must have a valid ISO 639 code, where Taraškievica doesn't, and I don't see any permits from e.g. [[Incubator:Requests for starting a test]] where this is however "specially permitted". --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 04:49, 9 May 2025 (UTC) :1. my activity was due to your invitation. Wikivoyage was created on November 6, 2013 . You created it. :2. there was an invitation to act on the page. So user:Ясамойла starting acting. :3. ISO 639 has a Belarusian language code ('''be''') and Taraškievica is a orthography not a language. :4. right the truth. There's no money and the number of sites needs to be reduced. :[[User:Ясамойла|Ясамойла]] ([[User talk:Ясамойла|talk]]) 14:14, 9 May 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ясамойла}} Why not just merge them with [[b:be:]]? [[Wn/be]]? [[q:be:]]? and [[Wy/be]]? invitation? No, that's from a bot called "Welcoming Bot" in 2014, that bot was not mine. "You created it." lol of lol, the creator is, as per [[Special:Diff/1104359]] & [[Special:Diff/1101203]], the {{ping|Travelour​}}, so your first point is an instrument of ratification of your lies, as well as the second. The third one is correct, but as so, you shouldn't start such projects here, but try to use the existing be tests/project sites, as that's an orthography, and not a language, it's not belong to Incubator, but to the existing projects. And what's meant to be your last point? "no money", have you ever read [[m:Wikimedia Foundation]]? Wikimedia foundation is a non-profit organization, so why do you wanna it to have any "moneys" internally? --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 15:20, 9 May 2025 (UTC) : I understand why the user thought that such projects could exist. There is a Wikipedia in Tarashkevitsa. However, the current rules do not allow creating any other Wikimedia projects in Tarashkevitsa. These projects can be combined with the corresponding projects in the official orthography. Or, maybe, after some reworking, these projects can be made in Interslavic language understandable to all Slavs. --[[User:Danvintius Bookix|Danvintius Bookix]] ([[User talk:Danvintius Bookix|talk]]) 16:13, 9 May 2025 (UTC) == [[Wy/id]], [[Wp/knc]], [[Wp/tdd]], [[Wq/gor]], [[wp/tig]], [[wt/tcy]]== I propose to remove those wikiprojects from Incubator because they were imported and created a long time ago. [[User:Пан Хаунд 2|Пан Хаунд 2]] ([[User talk:Пан Хаунд 2|talk]]) 16:12, 6 June 2025 (UTC) == [[Wp/zsm]] == So far, a request for creating a separate Malay Wikipedia using Jawi scripts ([[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Standard Malay (Jawi)]], designed Arabic script for Malay peninsula & archipelago) has rejected recently, under those discussions, a script converter [[m:Wikipedias in multiple writing systems#Malay|should be developed]] if needed in regard to respond Brunei Darussalam where they treat Jawi as co-official scripts. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:48, 14 June 2025 (UTC) jzp88xliirvkmud4m4t6ji0l56uvpb7 14 2972030 6686096 5321174 2025-06-14T07:46:17Z S281765 2607265 6686096 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Incubator:All test wikis|pzh]] [[File:Houten deur van een woonhuis in Guarda. 20-09-2019. (actm.).jpg|thumb|aalep.]] [[File:Dülmen, Kirchspiel, ehem. Sondermunitionslager Visbeck, Bunker 26 -- 2024 -- 5531-5.jpg|thumb|aalep.]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka '''aalep'''. * ''Tatarstan.'' ===ada buxoan a rahal=== *門 ===rahal u saw karunu=== *door ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 [[Category:Wt/pzh]] heoerrpnqwvqzlkwk68mq6se8a681fu 6686100 6686096 2025-06-14T07:52:52Z S281765 2607265 Undo revision [[Special:Diff/6686096|6686096]] by [[Special:Contributions/S281765|S281765]] ([[User talk:S281765|talk]]) 6686100 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Incubator:All test wikis|pzh]] dy1nocjiyz3rz5itckdz7l612xb2418 4 3010512 6686138 5790878 2025-06-14T09:59:51Z 5.90.104.222 Created page with "." 6686138 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="plainlinks" style="margin:1em;"><!-- NOTE: please don't make interwiki links of the external links --> __NOTOC__ <languages /> <span id="What_is_Wikimedia_Incubator?"></span> == Hvad er Wikimedia Incubator? == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> :'''Wikimedia Incubator''', founded on 2 June 2006, is a [//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki wiki-based] website hosted by the '''[//www.wikimediafoundation.org/ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.]''', a non-profit organization which also hosts [//www.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia] and [//www.wikimedia.org/ other projects]. </div> <span id="Start_your_own_wiki!"></span> === Start din egen wiki! === . <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> :Wikiversity and Wikisource tests are hosted on different wikis: [//beta.wikiversity.org beta.wikiversity.org] and [//wikisource.org wikisource.org] respectively. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> :Wikimedia Incubator is unique in the sense that it is not a real content project like Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, nor an organizational project like [http://meta.wikimedia.org/ Meta-Wiki], which coordinates the different Wikimedia Foundation projects. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> :When reading, using, or contributing to Incubator, please read the pages [//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy Privacy policy] and [[Incubator:General disclaimer|General disclaimer]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> :If you want to know more about the internal working of Incubator, you can read our frequently asked questions at [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ|Help:FAQ]]. Other help is at [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents|Help:Contents]]. </div> <span id="What_is_Wikimedia_Incubator_not?"></span> == Hvad er Wikimedia Incubator ikke? == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> :* Although closed subdomains are often moved back to Incubator so they can re-build a community, Incubator is not a dumping project that hosts abandoned projects. :* Although Incubator is a special project, it should not be regarded as a "behind the scenes" project. </div> <span id="See_also"></span> == Se også == :* [[Special:Mylanguage/Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Incubator:Wikimedia projekter]] </div> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#translation:}}|{{PAGENAME}}]] 719t5efvugdmxnl5ukyjh3xex14w419 0 3060826 6685706 6675484 2025-06-14T00:03:02Z Liuxinyu970226 19450 6685706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Notice|type=nominated-for-deletion}} Although [[:ms:|Malay Wikipedia]] is probably just using Standard Malay, this test project is still open due to request. {{test wiki | status = open | language = Standard Malay | mainpage = /لامن اوتام | dir = RTL | meta = yes }} [[Category:Incubator:Test wikis/open-but-rejected]] gjj0rpieue1l2n073zcjwgae4t31o1l 0 3158642 6685469 4801012 2025-06-13T17:44:11Z Мурад 97 9926 6685469 wikitext text/x-wiki Delap-Uliqa-Dcarrit şəhəri - Okeaniyada yerləşən Marşal adalarının paytaxtı və ən böyük şəhəri. Okeaniyanın ən kiçik şəhərlərindən biridir. ==Tarix== Macuro Atollun 1884-cü ildə Marşal adalarının qalan hissəsi ilə Alman İmperiyası tərəfindən iddia edildi və almanlar ticarət nöqtəsi qurdular. Marshalls qalan kimi, Majuro tərəfindən tutuldu İmperator Yapon Hərbi Dəniz zamanı 1914-cü ildə I Dünya müharibəsi və səlahiyyəti Yaponiya imperiyasının ilə Millətlər Liqasının ada sonra Yapon bir hissəsi oldu 1920-ci ildə ərazisini səlahiyyəti Cənubi Dəniz mandatı; Yaponlar mandatında bir hökumət qursalar da, II Dünya Müharibəsi başlayana qədər yerli işlər əsasən ənənəvi yerli rəhbərlərin əlində qaldı . 30 yanvar 1944-cü ildə Amerika Birləşmiş Ştatları qoşunları tərəfindən işğal edildi. 1986-cı ildə Marşal Adaları müstəqil bir millət olur və Delap-Uliga-Djarrit ölkənin paytaxtı olur. ==Demoqrafiya== Delap-Uliga-Djarritin əhalisi 20301 nəfərdir. ==Görməli yerləri== Alele Muzeyi Fərziyyə Kafedralı ==İqtisadiyyat== 15 sentyabr 2007-ci ildə, Marşal adalarının paytaxtı Macuronun Tobolar Kopra emalı zavodundan Witon Barry, güc orqanları, özəl şirkətlər və sahibkarlar vasitələr, enerji generatorları və dizel yanacağına alternativ olaraq hindistan cevizi yağı ilə sınaq keçirdiklərini söylədi. gəmilər. Hindistancevizi ağacları Sakit okeanın tropik adalarında çoxdur. 6-dan 10-a qədər hindistan cevizi 1 litr yağ edir. [3] Şəhərdə bir liman, alış-veriş sahəsi, otellər və beynəlxalq hava limanı var. ==Təhsil== Pasifik Universiteti 1 nömrəli orta məktəb və çoxlu məktəblər Marşal Adaları Dövlət Məktəbi ==Səhiyyə== Şəhərdə bir xəstəxana var. 81 çarpayılıqdır. [6] Delap-Uliga-Djarrit, eləcə də bir çox xarici adaların əsas xəstəxanasıdır . [[Category:Wy/az]] {{INTERWIKI|Q648507}} 44dt710myarkk669mfb118b1ir86o71 0 3186310 6685245 5702197 2025-06-13T14:25:08Z جودت 2594845 6685245 wikitext text/x-wiki '''إسرائيل''' هي دولة تقع في غرب آسيا، عاصمتها تل أبيب بالنسبة للأمم المتحدة ومعظم الدول والقدس بالنسبة لإسرائيل وبعض الدول. [[Category:Wy/ar]] 4215yqw0s1chznmao40sv1bqj5f2srh 2 3252522 6685858 6683553 2025-06-14T03:49:22Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685858 wikitext text/x-wiki Hola, mi nombre es Pablo, y me gusta editar páginas. [[File:Sonnenuntergang-Bodensee.jpg|thumb|392x392px|La foto que elijo, por el mes de Julio, 2021]] Hi, my name is Pablo, and I like edit pages. == Plantillas Árabe egipcio == * Abaza الاباظيه * Abkhaz الابخازيه * Abinomn ابينومن * Acehnese الآتشيهيه * Adyghe الاديغيه * Afrikaans الأفريكانس * Ainu الآينويه * Albanian البانى * Algerian Arabic الدارجه الجزائريه * Amharic امهرى * Ancient Greek يونانى قديم * Arabic عربى * Aragonese الاراغونيه * Armenian الارمنلى * Assamese الآساميه * Asturian الاستوريه * Avar الاواريه * Azerbaijani الاذرى * Baluchi بلوتشى * Bambara البمبريه * Bashkir باشقير * Basque/Euskera الباسكى * Belarussian بيلاروسى * Bengali بنجالى * Bislama البسلامى * Breton البريتانيه * Bulgarian بلجارى * Burmese بورمى * Catalan كاتالانى * Cebuano سيبونى * Central Atlas Tamazight الأمازيغية وسط الأطلس * Chamorro تشامورويه * Chechen شيشانيه * Cherokee شيروكى * Chinese ** Cantonese الكانتونى ** Gan جان ** Hakka هاكا ** Mandarin الماندارينى ** Wu الوو ** Xiang خيانج * Choctaw الشوكتو * 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Interlingue انترلينج * Iraqi Arabic لهجه عراقيه * Irish ايرلاندى * Italian طاليانى * Japanese اليابانى * Javanese الجاويه * Juba Arabic جوبا عربى * Kabardian القبردينيه * Kalmyk الكالميك * Kannada الكناديه * Karachay-Balkar القراشاى بلقار * Karakalpak القرقلباغيه * Karelian الكاريليه * Kashmiri كشميرى * Kashubian الكاشوبيه * Kazakh قازاقيه * Khakas الخاكاسيه * Khmer كامبودى * Klingon كلينغونية * Komi-Permyak كومى بيرمياك * Komi-Zyrian الكوميه * Korean كورى * Kumyk كوموكيه * Kurdish كوردى ** Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) الكورمانچى *** (الكورمانچى) كوردى ** Sorani (Central Kurdish) السورانى *** (السورانى) كوردى * Kven كفين * Kyrgyz كيرجيزى * Ladino اسبانيه يهوديه * Lak لاك * Lao لاو * Latgalian اللاتغاليه * Latin لاتينى * Latvian لاتفى * Lezgi ليزغينيه * Ligurian الليغوريه * Limburgish الليمبورغيه * Lithuanian ليتوانى * Lombard اللومبارديه * Low German الالمانيه الدنيا * Luxembourgish اللوكسمبورغيه * Macedonian المقدونيه * Madurese بالالمادريز * Malagasi الملغاشيه * Malay ملايوى * Malayalam الماليالام * Maltés مالطى * Manchu مانشو * Manx مانكسى * Maori الماوريه * Mapuche مابودونجون * Marathi مراتى * Marshallese بالمارشالى * Mazanderani طبری * Middle Persian بهلوى * Mingrelian المنغرليه * Moksha الموكشا * Mon المون * Morrocan Arabic المغربيه الحديثه * Mozarabic المستعربيه * Nahuatl ناواتل * Nanai ناناى * Navajo نافاهو * Neapolitan النابوليه * Nepal النيباليه * Newar النيواريه * Northern Sami سامى الشماليه * Norwegian النرويجى ** Bokmål الريسمال *** Norwegian Bokmål (الريسمال) النرويجى ** Nynorsk اللاندسمال *** Norwegian Nynorsk (اللاندسمال) النرويجى * Occitan قسطانيه * Odia الاوريا * Omani Arabic لهجه عمان * Ossetian الاوسيتيه * Ottoman Turkish العثمانلى * Pashto پاشتو * Persian فارسى * Piedmontese بيدمونتيه * Polish بولاندى * Portuguese الپورتوجالى * Punjabi بنجابى * Romagnol رومانيولو * Romanian رومانى * Romansch الرومانشيه * Russian روسى * Rwandan كينيارواندا * Samoan السامويه * Samogitian سيموجيشن * Sanskrit سانسكريتى * Scots اسكتلاندى * Scottish Gaelic الغيليه الاسكتلنديه * Serbo-Croatian صربى- كرواتى ** Cirilic: حروف كيريلى *** <nowiki>{{صربى- كرواتى (حروف كيريلى)}}</nowiki> ** Latin: الفابيت اللاتينى *** <nowiki>{{صربى- كرواتى (الفابيت اللاتينى)}}</nowiki> * Shona الشونا * Sicilian الصقليه * Silesian سيليسى * Sindhi السندى * Sinhalese سنهالى * Slovak سلوڤاكى * Slovene سلوڤينى * Somali الصوماليه * Southern Min مين نان * Southern Sami سامى الجنوبيه * Spanish اسبانى * Swabian المانيه سوابيه * Swahili سواحيلى * Swedish سويدى * Tagalog تاجالوج * Tajik تاچيكى * Tamil التاميليه * Tatar تتارى * Tausug تاوسوج * Telugu تلوجو * Thai تاى * Tibetan تيبيتى * Toki Pona توكِي بونا * Tulu تولو * Tunisian Arabic لهجه تونسيه * Turkish توركى * Turkmen تركمانيه * Udmurt الادمورتيه * Ukrainian اوكرانى * Urdu: اوردو * Uzbek اوزبيكى * Venetian الفينيسيه * Vietnamese ڤييتنامى * Votic الفوتيه * Wallon والون * Waray-Waray الواراى الواراى * Welsh ويلزى * West Frisian بالفريزى غربى * Wolof الولوفيه * Xhosa الكوسيه * Yakuta الياقوتيه * Yiddish ييديش * Yoruba اليوروبيه * Zazaki زازاكي * Zulu الزولويه ?action=purge == Orígenes == === الأصل === * من العربي:نَارٌ (del árabe) * من الپورتوجالى:português (del portugués) == Tipos == صفه - Adjectives اسم - Nouns حال ضمير - Pronouns فعل - Verbs عباره - Phrase مؤنث - Fem. مزكر - Masc. === لغات تانية === {{trans-top}} * عربى: ذنب {{trans-mid}} *انجليزى: [[guilt]] {{trans-bottom}} == Categories == [[Wt/arz/ويكشينارى:English words]] * [[User:PFSV-UY/Romance languages]] * [[User:PFSV-UY/Arabic languages]] {| class='wikitable sortable autonumber mw-datatable' align='center' cellpadding='3' rules='all' style='border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: right;' |+ TOP idiomas por número entradas ! ! Name (arabic) ! Name (english) ! # |- |[[File:Nuvola Polish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:et/arz/بولاندى|بولاندى]] |Polish |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بولاندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Galician flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/جاليجو|جاليجو]] |Galician |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/جاليجو|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Spain flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اسبانى|اسبانى]] |Spanish |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/اسبانى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Arabic language flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/عربى|عربى]] |Arabic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/عربى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Asturian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الاستوريه|الاستوريه]] |Asturian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الاستوريه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Catalonia flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/كاتالانى|كاتالانى]] |Catalan |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/كاتالانى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Egyptian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/مصرى|مصرى]] |Egyptian Arabic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/مصرى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola English language flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/انجليزى|انجليزى]] |English |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/انجليزى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Esperanto flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اسبرانتو|اسبرانتو]] |Esperanto |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/اسبرانتو|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola France flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/فرنساوى|فرنساوى]] |French |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/فرنساوى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola German flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/المانى|المانى]] |German |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/المانى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Israeli flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/عبرى|عبرى]] |Hebrew |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/عبرى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Italy flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/طاليانى|طاليانى]] |Italian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/طاليانى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Maltese flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/مالطى|مالطى]] |Maltese |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/مالطى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Iranian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/فارسى|فارسى]] |Persian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/فارسى|R}} |- |[[File:Portuguese language.png|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الپورتوجالى|الپورتوجالى]] |Portuguese |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الپورتوجالى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Romanian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/رومانى|رومانى]] |Romanian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/رومانى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Russian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/روسى|روسى]] |Russian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/روسى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Turkish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/توركى|توركى]] |Turkish |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/توركى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Pakistani flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اوردو|اوردو]] |Urdu |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/اوردو|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Ukrainian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اوكرانى|اوكرانى]] |Ukrainian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/اوكرانى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Japan flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الآينويه|الآينويه]] |Ainu |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الآينويه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Albanian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/البانى|البانى]] |Albanian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/البانى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Catalonia flag.svg|25px]] 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|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/نيديرلاندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Faroese flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/فاروى|فاروى]] |Faroese |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/فاروى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Icelandic flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/ايسلاندى|ايسلاندى]] |Icelandic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/ايسلاندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Estonian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/استونى|استونى]] |Estonian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/استونى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Finnish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/فنلاندى|فنلاندى]] |Finnish |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/فنلاندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Greenland flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الغرينلانديه|الغرينلانديه]] |Greenlandic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الغرينلانديه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Indian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/هندى|هندى]] |Hindi |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/هندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Armenian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الارمنلى|الارمنلى]] |Armenian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الارمنلى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Czech flag.svg|25px]] 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Moroccan flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الأمازيغية وسط الأطلس|الأمازيغية وسط الأطلس]] |Central Atlas Tamazight |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الأمازيغية وسط الأطلس|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Indian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/تولو|تولو]] |Tulu |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/تولو|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Vanuatu flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/البسلامى|البسلامى]] |Bislama |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/البسلامى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Karachay Cherkessia flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الاباظيه|الاباظيه]] |Abaza |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الاباظيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Buthanese flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/دزونجخا|دزونجخا]] |Dzongkha |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/دزونجخا|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Russian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الفوتيه|الفوتيه]] |Votic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الفوتيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Indonesian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بالالمادريز|بالالمادريز]] |Madurese |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بالالمادريز|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Italy flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/النابوليه|النابوليه]] |Neapolitan |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/النابوليه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Iranian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/طبری|طبری]] |Mazanderani |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/طبری|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Oman flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/لهجه عمان|لهجه عمان]] |Omani Arabic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/لهجه عمان|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Cypriot flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/لهجه عربى قبرص|لهجه عربى قبرص]] |Cypriot Arabic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/لهجه عربى قبرص|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Iranian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/جيلاكى|جيلاكى]] |Gilaki |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/جيلاكى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Chinese flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/مين نان|مين نان]] |Southern Min |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/مين نان|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Uzbek flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/القرقلباغيه|القرقلباغيه]] |Karakalpak |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/القرقلباغيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola U.S. flag, alternative.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/نافاهو|نافاهو]] |Navajo |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/نافاهو|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Zeeland flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الزيلنديه|الزيلنديه]] |Zealandic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الزيلنديه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Scottish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اسكتلاندى|اسكتلاندى]] |Scots |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/اسكتلاندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Lombardy flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اللومبارديه|اللومبارديه]] |Lombard |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/اللومبارديه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Udmurtia flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الادمورتيه|الادمورتيه]] |Udmurt |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الادمورتيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Indonesian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الآتشيهيه|الآتشيهيه]] |Acehnese |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الآتشيهيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Nigerian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الايجبو|الايجبو]] |Igbo |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الايجبو|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Fijian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بالفيچى|بالفيچى]] |Fijian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بالفيچى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Fijian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بالفيجي هندى|بالفيجي هندى]] |Fiji Hindi |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بالفيجي هندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Philippines flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/تاوسوج|تاوسوج]] |Tausug |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/تاوسوج|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Russian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الاديغيه|الاديغيه]] |Adyghe |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الاديغيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola South Sudan flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/جوبا عربى|جوبا عربى]] |Juba Arabic |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/جوبا عربى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Bangladeshi flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بنجالى|بنجالى]] |Bengali |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بنجالى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Russian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/شيشانيه|شيشانيه]] |Chechen |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/شيشانيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Mali flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/البمبريه|البمبريه]] |Bambara |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/البمبريه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Israeli flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اسبانيه يهوديه|اسبانيه يهوديه]] |Ladino 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|[[File:Nuvola Dagestanian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/ليزغينيه|ليزغينيه]] |Lezgi |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/ليزغينيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Liguria flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الليغوريه|الليغوريه]] |Ligurian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الليغوريه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola German flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الالمانيه الدنيا|الالمانيه الدنيا]] |Low German |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الالمانيه الدنيا|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Marshall Islands flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بالمارشالى|بالمارشالى]] |Marshallese |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بالمارشالى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Iranian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بهلوى|بهلوى]] |Middle Persian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بهلوى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Myanmar flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/المون|المون]] |Mon |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/المون|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Afghan flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/پاشتو|پاشتو]] |Pashto |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/پاشتو|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Russian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/ناناى|ناناى]] |Nanai |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/ناناى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Nepal flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/النيواريه|النيواريه]] |Newar |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/النيواريه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Indian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الاوريا|الاوريا]] |Odia |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الاوريا|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola South Ossetian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الاوسيتيه|الاوسيتيه]] |Ossetian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الاوسيتيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Turkish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/العثمانلى|العثمانلى]] |Ottoman Turkish |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/العثمانلى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Piedmont flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بيدمونتيه|بيدمونتيه]] |Piedmontese |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بيدمونتيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Pakistani flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/بنجابى|بنجابى]] |Punjabi |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/بنجابى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Norwegian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/سامى الجنوبيه|سامى الجنوبيه]] |Southern Sami |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/سامى الجنوبيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Norwegian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/سامى الشماليه|سامى الشماليه]] |Northern Sami |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/سامى الشماليه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Finnish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/سامى الاناريه|سامى الاناريه]] |Inari Sami |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/سامى الاناريه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Samoa flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/السامويه|السامويه]] |Samoan |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/السامويه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Lithuanian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/سيموجيشن|سيموجيشن]] |Samogitian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/سيموجيشن|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Zimbabwean flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الشونا|الشونا]] |Shona |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الشونا|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Polish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/سيليسى|سيليسى]] |Silesian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/سيليسى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Pakistani flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/السندى|السندى]] |Sindhi |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/السندى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola German flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/المانيه سوابيه|المانيه سوابيه]] |Swabian |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/المانيه سوابيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Tanzanian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/سواحيلى|سواحيلى]] |Swahili |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/سواحيلى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Turkish flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/زازاكي|زازاكي]] |Zazaki |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/زازاكي|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Nigerian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/اليوروبيه|اليوروبيه]] |Yoruba |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/اليوروبيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Russian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الياقوتيه|الياقوتيه]] |Yakut |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الياقوتيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Senegalese flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الولوفيه|الولوفيه]] |Wolof |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الولوفيه|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Rwandan flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/كينيارواندا|كينيارواندا]] |Rwandan |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/كينيارواندا|R}} |- |[[File:Unde yelb.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/انترلينج|انترلينج]] |Interlingue |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/انترلينج|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Togolese flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/الايوى|الايوى]] |Ewe |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/الايوى|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Indonesian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/ابينومن|ابينومن]] |Abinomn |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/ابينومن|R}} |- |[[File:Nuvola Indian flag.svg|25px]] |[[:Category:wt/arz/كشميرى|كشميرى]] |Kashmiri |{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arz/كشميرى|R}} |} 86wasnhllixci9ue24945ewdoj6k1ed 0 3307347 6685243 5387480 2025-06-13T13:27:23Z CommonsDelinker 992 Removing "Cajueiro-24-1200x900.webp", it has been deleted from Commons by [[commons:User:Túrelio|Túrelio]] because: [[:c:COM:L|Copyright violation]]: edit of pic found online 2008, before claimed date; not uploader's own https://tineye.com/search/32df4a49 6685243 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Images cajueiro.jpg|thumb]] '''MWIRI WA MUCASSU''' Mwiri wa mucassu walani "mucatxu" sintonko atthu akinaku anithanaya, vorikana mitethe, yowo mwiri mmosa onkala variari va elapo yela ni ilapo sikina sokophela. Mwiri wa mucassu (mukatxu), wiri onima mihokoroko sossiva sinithaniwa ecassu wala ekatxu, vavotho vanikalawe korocho. Korocho ethu emosa yokumiha muhaku, mana ontumihiwa issisapo solemela, wonaka yowo ompakeliwa itthu sincene mulaponi, opacera makura, esapau, ipulacha ni ithu ikinaku kavira kavira. Nave variari va mwiri yowo wa mucassu onipwanhaneya okalaka murethe onvoniha iretha kamosa kamosa, okuma macucuawe mpaka mitathari sawe. [[Category:Wp/vmw]] 0fkdr42udcmgyh8cynvtnroylcml6mr 1198 3323000 6685653 5438350 2025-06-13T23:29:21Z Kxeon 2598343 6685653 wikitext text/x-wiki Wikimedia projects ran by the Wikimedia Foundation bvd9w0w6pzoizxzlk64qr5kisj41rmh 0 3325082 6685232 5814392 2025-06-13T12:57:48Z CommonsDelinker 992 Replacing [[Image:Europe-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg]] with [[Image:Map_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_Europe.svg]] (deleted by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because of: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 6685232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/rmc/Infobox them | nav = Bosna the Hercegovina | themeskeri giľi = Intermeco | flagos = Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg | erbos = Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg | motto = | šerutno foros = Sarajevo | map = Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Europe.svg | zoom=6 | štatno čhib = ''de iure'': nane<br/> ''de facto'': [[Wp/rmc/Bosnakeri čhib|Bosnakeri čhib]], [[Wp/rmc/Srbiko čhib|Srbiko čhib]], [[Wp/rmc/Chorvaťiko čhib|Chorvaťiko čhib]] | telefon = +387 | internetoskero kodos = .ba | wikidata = Q225 | love = Markos (BAM) }} E '''Bosna the Hercegovina''' hin them andre [[Wp/rmc/Europa|Europa]]. O šerutno foros hino e [[Wp/rmc/Sarajevo|Sarajevo]]. == Geografija == E [[Wp/rmc/Kali Veš|Kali Veš]], o [[Wp/rmc/Chorvaťiko|Chorvaťiko]] the e [[Wp/rmc/Srbija|Serbija]] hine thema saven hin themutne agora la Bosna the Hercegovinaha. O jekhupruneder bodos pes vičinel ''Maglić''. Jov pašľol 2386 m upre le moroske. == Demografija == {{Wp/rmc/Graph:Lines | tabletype=query | table= SELECT (YEAR(?date) AS ?year) ?population ?populationLabel { wd:Q225 p:P1082 ?p. ?p pq:P585 ?date ; ps:P1082 ?population . FILTER(year(?date)>=1830) . SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],rmc,sk,en". } } ORDER BY ?date | type=year | xField=year | value=population | title=Populacija ande Bosna the Hercegovina| colorscheme=category20 | legend= | xGrid=y | yGrid=y | yTicks=7 | width=600|yAxisFormat=.1s }} == Referenciji == <references /> {{Wp/rmc/Thema andre Europa}} [[Category:Wp/rmc/Them]] [[Category:Wp/rmc]] {{INTERWIKI|Q225}} g3ria876es6m81myosp8dgx0lrvv652 0 3339691 6685233 5604288 2025-06-13T12:58:21Z CommonsDelinker 992 Replacing [[Image:Europe-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg]] with [[Image:Map_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_Europe.svg]] (deleted by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because of: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 6685233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wls/Fenua |name = Posinia mo Hekekovina |flag = Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg |coat = Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg |map = Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Europe.svg |capital = }} Ko '''Posinia mo Hesekovina''' ko he fenua e tu'u i te potu saute esite o [[Wp/wls/Eulopa|Eulopa]]. Ko tona kolo mu'a ko Salaievo. {{Wp/wls/Eulopa}} [[Category:Wp/wls]] [[Category:Wp/wls/Eulopa]] [[Category:Wp/wls/Fenua]] {{INTERWIKI|Q225}} njyemcjorw1pqqv4kmv2l2ocw7z9dyr 0 3392141 6685899 6402033 2025-06-14T05:01:38Z UluhKota 2601221 6685899 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Wp-nij-Batang Garing 1.png|center|thumb|300x300px|Simbul Batang Garing iete simbul bara agama jituh.]] [[File:Balai_Basarah_Induk_Intan_Kaharingan_Muara_Teweh.JPG|alt=Balai_Basarah_Induk_Intan_Kaharingan_Muara_Teweh|center|thumb|350x350px|Balai Basarah eka basarah umat agama Kaharingan]] '''Kaharingan''' iete [[Wp/nij/Agama|agama]] tatu hiang [[Wp/nij/Uluh Dayak|Uluh Dayak]] hong [[Wp/nij/Pulau Kalimantan|Pulau Kalimantan]]. Agama Kaharingan jadi bara bihin tege hong Kalimantan bahkan sahindai agama-agama je beken tame guang Kalimantan. Kaharingan tuh kejau rima ah dengan kare animisme atawa dinamisme je inyurat melai buku pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia. Wayah tuh Kaharingan manjari ije bara sakuyan agama tatu hiang hong Indonesia je masih ihaga tuntang ilalus awi kapire-pire bitin uluh Dayak, khusus ah melai Kalimantan Tengah tuntang Kalimantan Selatan. Kaharingan te rimae belum, kilau huang istilah ''nyalung kaharingan'' (danum pambelum). Umat Kaharingan percaya akan Hatalla atawa Tamparan Taluh Handiai je inyewut hapan sewutan beda-beda huang genep daerah Kalimantan (Ranying Hatalla Langit / Suwara / Yustu Ha Latalla). Kutak salam sewut hasundau huang agama Kaharingan iete "''Tabe Salamat Lingu Nalatai, Salam Sahujud Karendem Malempang''" je induan bara istilah hong basa Sangiang, je rimae "''Salamat hasundau, semoga huang kahanjak atei tuntang karigas''". Tapi dia tawan kanampi kisah ah wayah tuh kutak sewut salam jite salenga inyala-arti ah awi uluh are, manjari kutak salam adat uluh Dayak. Agama Kaharingan tuh kea tege simbol kabuat ah je inyewut Batang Garing, je rimae ''batang pambelum'' bara basa Sangiang. Simbol Batang Garing jituh rancak tagitan melai kakare human uluh atawa gedung bahkan ihapan akan motif baju batik uluh Dayak. Awi pemerintah Indonesia je maharus uras penduduk Indonesia akan menganut tuntang mamintih ije bara kapire agama resmi je kana akui pemerintah metuh te, maka bara 20 April 1980 agama Kaharingan kana pahinje dengan agama Hindu (sewutan ah manjari Hindu Kaharingan ndai). Makanya metuh katika manampa KTP, umat Kaharingan akan mintih agama Hindu mangat patame huang kolom agama ah. Sama kilau agama Tollotang ayun Uluh Bugis je tege kea persamaan ah kilau Hindu huang malalus ritual pengorbanan metu suci je melai agama Hindu inyewut Yadnya, limbah te resmi manjari Hindu Tollotang. [[Category:Wp/nij/Agama]] [[Category:Wp/nij]] {{INTERWIKI|Q6346844}} jqfu2gcc614wf3uub3qomqbhejfgb4q 6686141 6685899 2025-06-14T10:34:27Z CommonsDelinker 992 Removing "Wp-nij-Batang_Garing_1.png", it has been deleted from Commons by [[commons:User:Túrelio|Túrelio]] because: [[:c:COM:CSD#G7|]], own work within a week per [[:c:Special:Diff/1043718775|]]. Uploader will upload it directly to incubator. 6686141 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Balai_Basarah_Induk_Intan_Kaharingan_Muara_Teweh.JPG|alt=Balai_Basarah_Induk_Intan_Kaharingan_Muara_Teweh|center|thumb|350x350px|Balai Basarah eka basarah umat agama Kaharingan]] '''Kaharingan''' iete [[Wp/nij/Agama|agama]] tatu hiang [[Wp/nij/Uluh Dayak|Uluh Dayak]] hong [[Wp/nij/Pulau Kalimantan|Pulau Kalimantan]]. Agama Kaharingan jadi bara bihin tege hong Kalimantan bahkan sahindai agama-agama je beken tame guang Kalimantan. Kaharingan tuh kejau rima ah dengan kare animisme atawa dinamisme je inyurat melai buku pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia. Wayah tuh Kaharingan manjari ije bara sakuyan agama tatu hiang hong Indonesia je masih ihaga tuntang ilalus awi kapire-pire bitin uluh Dayak, khusus ah melai Kalimantan Tengah tuntang Kalimantan Selatan. Kaharingan te rimae belum, kilau huang istilah ''nyalung kaharingan'' (danum pambelum). Umat Kaharingan percaya akan Hatalla atawa Tamparan Taluh Handiai je inyewut hapan sewutan beda-beda huang genep daerah Kalimantan (Ranying Hatalla Langit / Suwara / Yustu Ha Latalla). Kutak salam sewut hasundau huang agama Kaharingan iete "''Tabe Salamat Lingu Nalatai, Salam Sahujud Karendem Malempang''" je induan bara istilah hong basa Sangiang, je rimae "''Salamat hasundau, semoga huang kahanjak atei tuntang karigas''". Tapi dia tawan kanampi kisah ah wayah tuh kutak sewut salam jite salenga inyala-arti ah awi uluh are, manjari kutak salam adat uluh Dayak. Agama Kaharingan tuh kea tege simbol kabuat ah je inyewut Batang Garing, je rimae ''batang pambelum'' bara basa Sangiang. Simbol Batang Garing jituh rancak tagitan melai kakare human uluh atawa gedung bahkan ihapan akan motif baju batik uluh Dayak. Awi pemerintah Indonesia je maharus uras penduduk Indonesia akan menganut tuntang mamintih ije bara kapire agama resmi je kana akui pemerintah metuh te, maka bara 20 April 1980 agama Kaharingan kana pahinje dengan agama Hindu (sewutan ah manjari Hindu Kaharingan ndai). Makanya metuh katika manampa KTP, umat Kaharingan akan mintih agama Hindu mangat patame huang kolom agama ah. Sama kilau agama Tollotang ayun Uluh Bugis je tege kea persamaan ah kilau Hindu huang malalus ritual pengorbanan metu suci je melai agama Hindu inyewut Yadnya, limbah te resmi manjari Hindu Tollotang. [[Category:Wp/nij/Agama]] [[Category:Wp/nij]] {{INTERWIKI|Q6346844}} rfar8xf77tlkj3rbs4b98kwk019bn3w 10 3423504 6685892 6684101 2025-06-14T04:20:09Z Salil Kumar Mukherjee 2556993 →সংক্ষিপ্ত সংবাদ শিরোনাম 6685892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wn/bn/সংক্ষিপ্ত সংবাদ শিরোনাম/কাঠামো | চিত্র = File:Frederick-Forsyth-1972.jpg | চিত্রের_আকার = 150px | চিত্রের_বিবরণ = ১৯৭২ সালে ফ্রেডরিক ফোরসাইথ <!-- শিরোনাম সমূহ --> | ১ = আজ বিশ্ব রক্তদাতা দিবস | ২ = চাঁদের বুকে অবতরণের সময়ে ভেঙে পড়ল জাপানের মহাকাশযান ‘রেজিলিয়েন্স’ | ৩ = প্রয়াত ইংরেজ ঔপন্যাসিক ফ্রেডরিক ফোরসাইথ | ৪ = আইপিএলের ফাইনালে {{Wn/bn/w|পাঞ্জাব কিংস|পাঞ্জাব কিংসকে}} ৬ রানে হারিয়ে চ্যাম্পিয়ন হলো {{Wn/bn/w|রয়্যাল চ্যালেঞ্জার্স বেঙ্গালুরু}} | ৫ = ইউক্রেনের রাজধানী {{Wn/bn/w|কিয়েভ|কিয়েভে}} মধ্যরাতে রাশিয়ার ড্রোন হামলায় মৃত ৪, আহত ৪০ জনেরও বেশি | ৬ = গাজায় ইসরায়েলের হামলায় নিহত ৫০ এর অধিক <!-- উইকিপত্রিকার সাথে সংযোগ --> | উইকিপত্রিকা_সংখ্যা = জৈষ্ঠ্য ১৪৩২ <!-- চলমান/উন্নয়নশীল ঘটনা --> | চলমান১ = {{Wn/bn/W|ইউক্রেনে রুশ আক্রমণ (২০২২-বর্তমান)}} | চলমান২ = {{Wn/bn/W|ইসরায়েল–হামাস যুদ্ধ}} | চলমান৩ = | সংশোধন = }} <noinclude>{{Wn/bn/নথি}}</noinclude> sz4zzdvqtp2sxykor4n1ruqfduwyn6h 0 3442673 6685438 6416540 2025-06-13T16:53:01Z Mahuta 2573761 6685438 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Stella Adler in Shadow of The Thin Man trailer.jpg|thumb|right|Stella Adler]] [[w:Adler, Stella|Stella Adler]] (Febreru 10, 1901 – Disemba 21, shekara ta 1992), jarumar wasan kwakwayo ce 'yar Amurka kuma mai koyar da wasan kwaikwayo. == Zantuka == * Ana buƙatar abubuwa uku don cimma nasara a wannan sana'ar: taurin kai irin na kare, fata irin ta dabbar rhinoceros, da kuma gida mai kyau wanda zaka dawo zuwa gare shi. ** An dauko daga "The Advocate", 2 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1999, p. 44 * An ƙirƙiri gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne don fadawa mutane gaskiya akan rayuwa da kuma zamantekwar yau da kullum. ** An dauko daga Joan E. Kole, "Theatre and Aging" (2009), p. 1 * A cikin ra'ayoyinka ke kwance fasahar ka ** An dauko daga cikin Mark Ruffalo & James Lipton, "Stella Adler Technique" [https://web.archive.org/web/20120602032314/http://www.actingschoolsinlosangeles.us/stella-adler-technique/] === Sanarwar mutuwa a jaridar New York Times === * Ya kamata malami ya zama mai jawo ra'ayi, wajen harzukawa. Zaka iya kawai rura abun da ke nan ne tun tuni * Fasahar ka na cikin tunanin ka. Sauran kwakwata ne. * Kada ka zamo mara nishadantarwa, rayuwa bata da dadi. Yanayi bai da dadi. Dole 'yan wasan kwaikwayo su zama masu nishadantarwa. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 01unsxhiv0c5nuyljak4weqoy57fimx 0 3444534 6685431 6421817 2025-06-13T16:50:24Z Mahuta 2573761 6685431 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Adonis Cracow Poland May12 2011 Fot Mariusz Kubik 08.JPG|thumb|Adunis a shekara ta 2011]] [[w:Adubis|Ahmad Said Asbar]], (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Junairun shekarar 1930) (Larabci: علي أحمد سعيد إسبر; fassara a rubuce: alî ahmadi s-sacîdi l-'asbar or Ali Ahmad Sa'id) (haihuwa a shekarar 1930), an kuma san shi da lakabin Adonis ko kuma Adunis (Larabci: أدونيس), mawaƙi ne ɗan Siriya [[Wq/ha/Humanity|kuma]] marubuci wanda yayi rayuwar sa ta sana’a a Lebanon da Faransa. == Zantuka == * New York mace ce <br> tana a rike, da hannu daya ‘yanci<br> kuma ta shaƙe duniya da dayan hannun. ** "The Funeral of New York" (shekarar 1971), from ''The Pages of Day and Night,'' trans. Samuel Hazo and Esther Allen (Northwestern University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-810-16081-1. * Waƙa tana iya kawai canza manufar alaƙa a tsakanin abubuwa. Al’ada ba zata iya canzuwa ba tare da canjin ƙungiyoyi ba. ** [[File:Adonis 2016.jpg|thumb|Adunis]]Adunis, a cikin: "[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/18/books/18adonis.html]" at ''nytimes'', Oktoba 17 ga wata, shekara ta 2010 [[Category:Wq/ha]] ixijqvr3yo4w0w4pywrqgooocruqdh3 0 3451643 6685434 6424929 2025-06-13T16:51:28Z Mahuta 2573761 6685434 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:AdrienneBarbeauJune2011.jpg|thumb|Adrienne Barbeau]] [[w:Adrienne Barbeau|'''Adrienne Barbeau''']] (an haife ta June 11,a shekara ta 1945), jarumar, fim ce ‘yar Amurka. == Zantuka == * Ni gajerar mace ce da jiki mai ban sha’awa da manya-manya nonuwa, wannan ba abun da nike ɗauka a matsayin jasmin ba. ** [[File:Adrienne Barbeau (57743795).jpg|thumb|Adrienne Barbeau]]Barbeau, Adrienne (2006). ''There Are Worse Things I Could Do. Carroll & Graf''. pp. 118. ISBN 0786716371. [[Category:Wq/ha]] korrdaboo098cgkkdjdvlazk4pmgl7w 0 3475655 6685912 6684938 2025-06-14T05:22:09Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685912 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/ɛn/}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-kon-}} {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|bakal ngejuntrungin dua ihwal nyang sejangkung kaya' kata ama kata, ujar ama ujar}} {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|ama|dengen}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-}} {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|nama bakal hurup}} '''[[Wt/bew/N|N]]'''/'''[[Wt/bew/n|n]]''' [[Category:Wt/bew]] o6muoezx6cv8a3cqeg8qphqb3i0vp34 6685989 6685912 2025-06-14T05:57:28Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685989 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/ɛn/}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-kon-|en}} {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|bakal ngejuntrungin dua ihwal nyang sejangkung kaya' kata ama kata, ujar ama ujar}} {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|ama|dengen}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-}} {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|nama bakal hurup}} '''[[Wt/bew/N|N]]'''/'''[[Wt/bew/n|n]]''' [[Category:Wt/bew]] 8nxy1zeks6innq8ywbhbrj0epjb4dzm 6685990 6685989 2025-06-14T05:57:47Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685990 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/ɛn/}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-kon-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|bakal ngejuntrungin dua ihwal nyang sejangkung kaya' kata ama kata, ujar ama ujar}} {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|ama|dengen}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|nama bakal hurup}} '''[[Wt/bew/N|N]]'''/'''[[Wt/bew/n|n]]''' [[Category:Wt/bew]] 9m622bnb86105y0ky17vz6ttxy6m4pi 0 3475863 6685234 6245499 2025-06-13T12:59:17Z CommonsDelinker 992 Replacing [[Image:Europe-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg]] with [[Image:Map_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_Europe.svg]] (deleted by [[commons:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because of: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 6685234 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/pey/Lan|name=Bosnië en Hersegowina|native_name=Босна и Херцеговина<br/>''Bosna i Hercegovina'' ([[Wp/pey/Bosnies|Bosnies]])|flag=Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg|coat=Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg|map=Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Europe.svg|capital=[[Wp/pey/Sarajewo|Sarajewo]]}}'''Bosnië en Hersegowina''' ([[Bosnies]]/[[Serwo-Kroaties]]: ''Bosna i Hercegovina /'' Босна и Херцеговина [bôsna i xěrtseɡoʋina]), afhakort als '''BiH''' (БиХ) of '''B&H''', soms hanoem als '''Bosnië–Hersegowina''' en dikwijls-nja informeel hanoem als '''Bosnië''', is een lan in [[Suidoos-Èropa]], ister-nja in de [[Wp/pey/Balkan (schiereilan)|Balkan]] njang hroot-nja 51.197 km² en luitjes-nja ister 4.600.000 mensen. De landen ron Bosnië en Hersegowina sijn [[Kroasië]], [[Serwië]] en Montenegro. De hoofstad is [[Sarajewo]], en andere belangrijke steden onder hun sijn [[Banja Luka]], [[Mostar]], [[Bihać]], [[Zenica]] en [[Tuzla]]. Ister drie meeste befolkingsgroepen, sijnen: [[Bosniakken]], [[Serwiërs]] en [[Kroaten]]. De Bosniakken meestal sijnen [[Wp/pey/Soennisme|soennieten]], Serwiërs – [[Wp/pey/Serwies-Orthodokse Kerk|Serwies-Orthodokse christenen]] en Kroaten – [[Wp/pey/Rooms-Katholiek Kerk|Roomse katholieken]]. De meerderscheitrelihie is [[islam]]. == Referensies == {{Wp/pey/Landen in Èropa}} {{INTERWIKI|Q225}} [[Category:Wp/pey]] [[Category:Wp/pey/Landen in Èropa]] 67nhgvsqmk2rvm3acsckj7e1vukpp19 0 3495258 6685864 6684939 2025-06-14T03:52:39Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685864 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Ruju'an=== * {{R:bew:Batten:1868|page=1}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] 1r4ltmip8z3m4nsoxan7cst3s5skamu 6685867 6685864 2025-06-14T03:53:09Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685867 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Ruju'an=== * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|page=1}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] jnqnjhmbb24ecaz64ptwoncjg3g48fh 6685870 6685867 2025-06-14T03:57:48Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685870 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Ruju'an=== * {{R:bew:Batten:1868|page=1}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] 83189ev5guqg6jc72xkt2cudz8bbr42 6685873 6685870 2025-06-14T03:59:22Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685873 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Ruju'an=== * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|page=1}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] bg166pyeuy7ji2cd36un9w2rbo99t37 6685880 6685873 2025-06-14T04:06:07Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685880 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} ===Ruju'an=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|page=1}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] pl5xcjhknmxi67r898s8yfxuro4xyn1 6685882 6685880 2025-06-14T04:07:44Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685882 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} ===Ruju'an=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|page=1}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] 5l61zty80hnkea1ax03yn8daxkzehfj 6685897 6685882 2025-06-14T04:26:36Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685897 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} ===Ruju'an=== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|pbat=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] 0isnuy72hf02bnkov4p5bt28j0idp1x 6685898 6685897 2025-06-14T04:27:42Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685898 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q33014 (bew)-Bang Ilok (Bangrapip)-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bang}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan, geroan}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang [[Wt/bew/tuaan|tuaan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bew}} geroan ke sapa-sapa aja [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] nyang tuaan ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|sudara lanang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}: {{Wt/bew/l|id|abang}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah juntrungan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Tenabang}} ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|warna|liat=mèra}} ===Ruju'an=== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Abang|pbat=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bjn}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bjn|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} [[Wt/bew/sudara|sudara]] [[Wt/bew/lanang|lanang]] tuaan ## {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bjn}} geroan deri [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Dvnfit-abang.wav}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|mèra}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|jax}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jax}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|jax}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|jv}}== {{Wt/bew/head|jv|tr=[[Wt/bew/ꦲꦧꦁ|ꦲꦧꦁ]]}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|jv|/abaŋ/}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Menyusurisudutnegeri-abang.wav|q=Banyumas}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Rizkako30-abang.wav|q=Kedu}} ** {{Wt/bew/audio|jv|LL-Q33549 (jav)-Farizor-abang.wav|q=Malang}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|jv}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] {{Wt/bew/syn|jv|abrit|q1=krama}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|jv|Aku mau tuku klambi '''abang'''.|t=Gua tadi beli baju warna '''mèra'''.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * [[Wt/bew/abangan|abangan]] ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/desc|bjn|habang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|bew|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|mui|abang|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/desc|plm|abang|bor=1}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/ابڠ|ابڠ]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-abang.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|min|aŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|a|bang}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}}; geroan [[Wt/bew/bini|bini]] ke [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/syn|min|uda|ajo|uwan|uwen|ombak}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Lai tau, '''Abang'''?|a=LL-Q13324 (min)-Maronsita-lai tau abang?.wav|t=Nyaho, ga', lu, '''Bang'''?}} {{Wt/bew/head|min|num=2}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Laèn ragem==== * [[Wt/bew/obang|obang]] ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|min|ms|ebang}}, {{Wt/bew/m|ms|bang}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|min|fa|بانگ|tr=bâng|t=suara, sautan, geroan}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|min}} [[Wt/bew/ajan|ajan]] #*{{Wt/bew/tulad|min|Urang lah '''abang''' di surau, sumbayang awak lai!|t=Tu orang dah '''ajan''' di langgar, gidah kita sembayang!}} ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|min|baabangan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|min|maabangan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|mui}}== {{Wt/bew/head|mui}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|mui|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|mui}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|mui|abang bibo}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|pey|LL-Q940486 (pey)-Bangrapip-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|pey|bew|abang}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== {{Wt/bew/head|plm}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|/abaŋ/|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Miraa26-abang.wav}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|plm|jv|abang|t=mèra}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/mèra|mèra]] #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Abang''' nian rai kau.|t='''Mèra''' bener lu punya tampang.}} ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ngabang|ngabang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/abang bîbîr|abang bîbîr]] * [[Wt/bew/abang ijû|abang ijû]] * [[Wt/bew/abang kuî|abang kuî]] * [[Wt/bew/telo' abang|telo' abang]] * [[Wt/bew/uma' abang|uma' abang]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|bts}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bts}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nom-|bts}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|abang}} {{Wt/bew/q|geroan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|rob}}== {{Wt/bew/head|rob}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|rob}} abang [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiNgèndong Enclekan Wikimédia Jakarta 2025]] 2oawrfwi7ucsisroy1g5un4oy989qf6 0 3497143 6685432 6421809 2025-06-13T16:50:42Z Mahuta 2573761 6685432 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Adrienne Maree Brown on The Laura Flanders Show.jpg|thumb|Adrienne Maree Brown a 2015]]. [[w:Adrienne Maree Brown|'''Adrienne Maree Brown''']] wacce ake yiwa lakabi da '''adrienne maree brown''' (an haife ta Satumba 6 ga wata, a shekara ta 1978), marubuciya ce, mai fafutuka kuma mai shiyawa. Daga shekarar 2006 zuwa shekara ta 2010, babban darektan Ruckus Society. Ta kuma ƙirƙiri kuma itace darektan ''League of Young Voters'' na Amurka. == Zantuka == * Abubuwa da yawa sun sauya a dalilin aikin Octavia, saboda aikin [[w:Nnedi Okorafor|Nnedi Okorafor]], saboda aikin Tananarive Due. ** [[File:Walidah Imarisha on The Laura Flanders Show.jpg|thumb|Adrienne Maree Brown]][https://www.democracynow.org/2021/2/23/octavia_butler_adrienne_maree_brown Interview] with Democracy Now (shekara ta 2021). [[Category:Wq/ha]] bb3qkgkq5xvtueikyliwhu9ab88c4w8 0 3497478 6685381 6664398 2025-06-13T16:23:44Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4688786}} ==AFAKIRYAU ADUWA GADZAMA== '''Afakriya Aduwa Gadzama''' mni OFR <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/01/buhari-appoints-dss-ex-dg-a-a-gadzama-niss-chairman/</ref>(nji yanyi or 22 hya kupou tan fa 1953)  ndu nga kro li gamrun an Nigerian, najan  Chairman ni National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies. asa dar ja Director General of the State Security Service (SSS)<ref>http://www.nigerianmuse.com/20070804052837zg/sections/star-articles/star-information-the-unfolding-staff-of-yar-adua-s-presidential-office/</ref> a kidi President Umaru Yar'Adua hearo tsitseu fa 2007  a shilo  tey fa 2010.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150706094736/https://dss.gov.ng/index.php/aboutus/leadership/item/115</ref><ref>http://saharareporters.com/2010/09/08/axe-man-strikes-jonathan-shakes-army-police-navy-sss-new-faces-announced</ref> ==Background and education== Afakriya Aduwa Gadzama nji yanyi or 22 hya November fa 1953 orLassa in Askira/Uba Local Government Area ni Borno State Nigeria. An darjan ndo prestigious Barewa College, Zaria hearo  (fa 1968–1972), gi zugwa mai ndo School of Basic studies Zaria Kaduna State. Ai kudau gi gugwa ma’I avo  Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, ivi raji dgugwa uya  bachelor's degree (BA) or Political Science (1977). or fa 2001, Gadzama an ndarja ndo Senior Executive Course or National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies (NIPSS) Kuru, Jos. ==Early career== Gadzama farari or fa 1978 ingya Ministry of Finance ni Borno State banji bilaryi ando National Security Organization aga Principal Officer or 1984. A mairja ingya  ranks ni NSO State Security Service kra ji uya ara NSO digan ji bilaryi. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4688786}} 058jouuxjl8spnjid3hbep04cwcaa6i 0 3497856 6685386 6664566 2025-06-13T16:26:35Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q108753199}} Ahmad Satomi (nji yanyi 21 hya hya sudan fa 1981) member nga ni Nigeria's 9th House of Representatives.a zabar nyinji aga member ni House of Representatives or fa 2019 aga ja represent Jere Federal Constituency. == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q108753199}} mq41l373ppsjsihalown6ztmjllj78e 0 3498727 6685599 6611895 2025-06-13T22:28:11Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685599 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zannah Umar Mustapha'''(fa 1966 – 15 hya tsitseu fa 2015)<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/188430-how-our-deputy-governor-zannah-mustapha-died-borno-govt.html?tztc=1</ref> ndinga jo eh siyasa kra da agawas deputy  governor ni Borno State hearo fa 2011 har ji zugwa tau or fa 2015.<ref>https://www.thecable.ng/breaking-borno-dep-gov-zanna-dies-sleep/amp</ref><ref>https://guardian.ng/news/apc-mourns-death-of-borno-deputy-governor/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/08/deputy-governor-died-in-his-sleep-borno-govt/amp/</ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] reccs3clq8xczjur9vci9oxs119bxwk 0 3498736 6686175 6672610 2025-06-14T11:19:10Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686175 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>https://punchng.com/prof-zulum-sworn-in-as-borno-gov/?amp</ref>The '''deputy governor of Borno State''' Dur duwa dra dugalu nu Borno papatu najan nu mutlu nu dugalu ar toba jira dugalu nu Borno papatu, Nigeria, a berya dau dugalu nu Borno papatu, ana dugalu nu tanguruma ando ba bau a duma. Dur duwa du dugalu nu Borno ji fir yi ar latu zumu ana du dugalu nu Borno aga du mul ya fa fodu ago mbuwa nu ji dugalu nu Borno. Umar Usman Kadufur na jan dur duwa du dugalu nu Borno, ji bar turu jana ar 29 tufo 2019.<ref>http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederalRepublicOfNigeria.htm#State_Executive</ref> ==Qualifications== ==Responsibility== ==See also== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q111080347}} odj5vzk4xbkeitfbv7bjwqq3oqb8tr4 0 3498737 6685618 6611305 2025-06-13T22:49:01Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q7881146}} '''Umar I ibn Muhammad al-Amin'''al-Amin (Arabic: عمر الأول ابن محمد الأمين) or '''Umar of Borno''' (died fa 1881) was Shehu (Sheik) of the Kanem-Bornu Empire and son of Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi. ==Reign of Umar== Umar jida digallu daga dinyi tau or fa 1837. Umar najai uya digal kur kira dinyi uya mai, sammu baji fara gla ptil kur (wazirs). Umar jig la hearo fa 1837 a shilo kupou tan 1853 kran ji sa ninyi an zamyi `Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Amin ndra daga Shehu. Ayi kudau baji sa peri or fa 1854 daga Umar bra sa thuri daura ptil kur yi. Umar gula aga Shehu ni ithu kuranyi or hya tey fa 1854 a shilo 1880. [[Wp/mrt/Borno|Borno]] bandina nando yarda mai   administrative disorganization, regional particularism, and bandi hir pa Ouaddai Empire ando east. The ngula ra yarda kau ara zur umar ngya, or fa 1894 Rabih az-Zubayr, najan dugalu ni invading army hearo eastern [[Wp/mrt/Sudan|Sudan]], thuri [[Wp/mrt/Borno|Borno]]. ==Dynasty== ==Footnotes== ==Bibliography== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q7881146}} kw26ecgfnk2ofe93hj788d3edxtkcc6 0 3498741 6686156 6661873 2025-06-14T11:01:32Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q21063459}} <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150714003902/http://citypeople.com.ng/i/5-facts-you-should-know-about-acting-nsa-babagana-monguno/</ref>'''Mohammed Babagana Monguno'''CFR (nji yanyi 1957)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150714000308/http://newsverge.com/buhari-sacks-service-chiefs-appoints-babagana-monguno-as-new-nsa-chief/</ref> ngi nga kra Nigerian retired military general who ndira e thurau or National Security Adviser hearo fa 2015 a shilo fa 2023. Najan Chief of Defence Intelligence hearo hya mudofhou fa 2009  a shilo hya tey fa 2011; ba Commander ni Brigade of Guards hearo  fa 2007 a shilo fa 2009.<ref>"Buhari appoints new CDS, service chiefs". ''The Sun Nigeria''. Archived from the original on 16 July 2015. Retrieved 19 July 2015.</ref><ref>http://www.gamji.com/nowa/nowa37.htm</ref><ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/07/breaking-news-buhari-appoints-new-service-chiefs/</ref> ==Early life and education== ==Military career== ==National Security Adviser== ==Awards== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q21063459}} gwbitl5cnpi0b7gq21arqy32guqtbkr 0 3498742 6685370 6639010 2025-06-13T16:09:27Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4670492}} '''Abubakar Mahdi''' a nabar yin ji aga Senator ni Borno South constituency of [[Wp/mrt/Borno State|Borno State]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]] at the start of the [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Fourth Republic|Nigerian Fourth Republic]], bau ni [[Wp/mrt/People's Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP) platform. Jin do  office or fa 29 hya tufo fa 1999. Daga ji thuri vir giryi ni Senate banji zaban yi aga committees on Security & Intelligence, Foreign Affairs (Vice-Chairman), Power & Steel, Federal Character and Federal Capital Territory. <ref>http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20091118151316/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm</ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4670492}} mwyw5708e0m3wwtxskd7c0bj3ksvko5 0 3498963 6685384 6664402 2025-06-13T16:25:13Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q61743048}} '''Ahmad Moallahyidi Abubakar ''' (nji yanyi 5 hya tey fa 1957 najan Senator ni Federal Republic of Nigeria hearo Adamawa State. najan represents Adamawa south or 8th National Assembly ni kijakau. Senator Nyako najan vice-chairman, Culture and Tourism Committee ba kuma Gas Committee ni 8th National Assembly.Senator Nyako najan vice-chairman, Culture and Tourism Committee ba Gas Committee ni kijakau 8th National Assembly. Nyako a zabar yin ji aga senator avo 8th National Assembly akidi All Progressives Congress (APC). Adamawa south Senatorial District a herdir local government areas guda mudufau.<ref>https://nass.gov.ng/mp/profile/834</ref><ref>https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15474/ahmad-abubakar</ref> ==Early life== Abubakar fara primary education or Ganye 1 Primary School Ganye baji kudna or fa 1975 gi zdugua ma’i ando North East College of Agricultural Science ni Maiduguri baji dzugua ma’i avo Ahmadu Bello University aga gyapu Bachelors ingya master's degrees. ==Political career== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q61743048}} s3b16d1nyb46yovccufqwf9isejrw89 0 3499002 6685913 6684941 2025-06-14T05:22:31Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685913 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باري|باري]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|bew|q=pèndèkan|sembari}}; [[Wt/bew/sembèn|sembèn]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bari.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ri}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ba|ri}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/kekeb|kekeb]] bakal lobang palka (di [[Wt/bew/perau|perau]]) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|id|q=kaga' pakem|bahari|num=3}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/sembari|sembari]]; [[Wt/bew/sembèn|sembèn]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} [[Wt/bew/sambatan|sambatan]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=5}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} [[Wt/bew/nepok|nepok]] atawa [[Wt/bew/mbelèk|mbelèk]] kayu nyang rada panjang {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=6}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Salas}} [[Wt/bew/tai kayu|tai kayu]] nyang dipaké bakal nambus, nyang kena ngelèntab kalu kena [[Wt/bew/latu|latu]] deri gèsèkan [[Wt/bew/penèkèran|penèkèran]] =={{Wt/bew/kxd}}== {{Wt/bew/head|kxd}} # {{Wt/bew/-v-|kxd}} [[Wt/bew/kasi|kasi]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] lasukcvphprfz433yn2bhdmiv56wz04 6685986 6685913 2025-06-14T05:56:41Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685986 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باري|باري]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/pongder|bew|sembari}}; [[Wt/bew/sembèn|sembèn]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bari.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ri}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ba|ri}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/kekeb|kekeb]] bakal lobang palka (di [[Wt/bew/perau|perau]]) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/pongder|id|bahari|num=3}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/sembari|sembari]]; [[Wt/bew/sembèn|sembèn]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} [[Wt/bew/sambatan|sambatan]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=5}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} [[Wt/bew/nepok|nepok]] atawa [[Wt/bew/mbelèk|mbelèk]] kayu nyang rada panjang {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=6}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/q|Salas}} [[Wt/bew/tai kayu|tai kayu]] nyang dipaké bakal nambus, nyang kena ngelèntab kalu kena [[Wt/bew/latu|latu]] deri gèsèkan [[Wt/bew/penèkèran|penèkèran]] =={{Wt/bew/kxd}}== {{Wt/bew/head|kxd}} # {{Wt/bew/-v-|kxd}} [[Wt/bew/kasi|kasi]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] i9cg1v0uwtyemo9dyd7nlgj01j70spq 0 3499116 6685403 6665632 2025-06-13T16:36:47Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18097420}} <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/12/alexander-badeh-1957-to-2018/</ref>'''Alex Sabundu Badeh''' FSS MSS DSS (7 hya kupou tan fa 1957 – 18 hya kupou sudan fa 2018) <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150109053427/http://www.naijarchives.com/air-marshal-alex-badeh/</ref>ndgya officer ni Nigerian Air Force ndra eh thurau 18th Chief of Air Staff ba 15th Chief of Defence Staff of Nigeria. Ji tau aranji henyi inga burdum adanji attack ni or motan yi, njiranji kra sinni hearo lagu Abuja-Keffi  pichir Tuesday, 18 hya kupou sudan fa 2018.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20191104074103/http://www.aitonline.tv/post-alex_sabunda_badeh__1957_2018___the_man_who_flew_two_former_u_s__presidents</ref> == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18097420}} rk6kp8ghbv6zns88t3tjspl6i7y7mvw 0 3500968 6685400 6665630 2025-06-13T16:35:14Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q20090072}} <ref>http://www.channelstv.com/2015/06/14/aisha-buhari-meets-with-apc-women-youths/</ref>Aisha Halilu Buhari (nji yanyi 17 hya hya sudan fa 1971)<ref>http://www.ibtimes.com/nigerias-new-first-lady-aisha-buhari-8-things-know-about-president-elects-wife-1892079</ref> is a Nigerian beauty therapist ndra daga first lady of Nigeria hearo 2015 ando 2023, mala President [[Wp/mrt/Muhammadu Buhari|Muhammadu Buhari]].<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/aisha-buhari-style-first-lady-nigeria-211404783.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190422154119/http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/06/biography-of-aisha-buhari-first-lady-of.html</ref><ref>http://www.punchng.com/aisha-buharis-book-presentation-like-no-other/</ref> ==Early life and family== Aisha Halilu nji yanyi 17 hya hya sudan fa 1971, or Adamawa State, north eastern Nigeria.<ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/06/aisha-buhari-urges-fair-representation-of-women-in-appointments/</ref> ijinyi Alhaji Muhammadu Ribadu najan Nigeria's tangurma minister ni defence. Dunya Aisha civil engineer ngya, munyi kuma chuli Ankali ngya, ngir zuwa. Aisha Buhari ma’i ando primary ba secondary school or Adamawa State. pichir 2 hya December fa 1989, Aisha hi salyi Muhammadu Buhari,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170807023555/http://buhariosinbajo.org/?fullnews=who_is_aisha_buhari_que_</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20171019005151/http://dailymedia.com.ng/biographyprofilecurriculum-vitae-of-mrs-aisha-buhari/</ref>ndra ingya usha tufu ara malanyi ni yikudau Safinatu Yusuf. Aisha ingya Muhammadu Buhari ndu uya usha tufu ba ijir da zumu. ==Education== ==Business career== ==Political career and advocacy== ==Future assured== ==Aisha Buhari Cup== ==Public Image== ==Controversies== ==See also== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q20090072}} hro7nv8dbrtvv1qpu1zjtihc2vajojl 0 3501125 6685368 6639013 2025-06-13T16:07:26Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4670486}} '''Abubakar Halilu Girei''' (nji yanyi 14 hya hya makur fa 1954) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji daga senator representing Adamawa Central senatorial district hearo 1999 ando fa 2003,<ref>http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt</ref> dagan nji fara Nigerian Fourth Republic. Daga ji thuri vir gyanyi banji zabanyi aga committees on Senate Services, Banking & Currency, Internal Affairs (Vice Chairman) and Local & Foreign Debts.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20091118151316/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm</ref> or hya hya tan fa 2011, Girei ndgya kra jo thunga Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) candidate ni Adamawa Central Senatorial District or fa 2011 elections, baji shili ni makuru or primaries. Alhaji Bello Tukur, former chief of staff to Governor Murtala Nyako, najan simiya. '''''(Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abubakar Girei| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abubakar Girei| Hausa wikipedia]])''''' <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110113132350/http://thenationonlineng.net/web3/news/24361.html</ref> ==Ndar tang aga sənisəkur== ==Ndar mdu== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4670486}} t7b7kiqqjaip127nfa1t80riofnkeyg 0 3501801 6686162 6672567 2025-06-14T11:05:53Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4914035}} '''Muhammed Umaru Jibrilla'''(nji yanyi 16 hya kwa fa 1963), kranji sinbiyan yi '''Bindow Jibrilla''' is a Nigerian businessman and politician ndra daga  governor ni [[Wp/mrt/Adamawa State|Adamawa State]] hearo 2015 ando fa 2019. Ayikudau a darja aga senator representing Adamawa North senatorial district hearo 2011 ando 2015.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120319000440/http://odili.net/news/source/2011/apr/11/817.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120323012046/http://www.thenigeriandaily.com/2011/03/30/mana-bent-advised-to-obey-court-order-on-senate-tickets/</ref> Bindow a zabar yinji aga governor ni Adamawa State daga ji simiya a dumar [[Wp/mrt/Nuhu Ribadu|Nuhu Ribadu]] ba Markus Gundiri or hya April fa 2015 Adamawa State gubernatorial election. In 2019, baji bra simiya ni mithu kuranni or office, amma baji tini ara ndra bey thunga hearo People's Democratic Party's candidate, Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri.<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/322950-pdps-fintiri-wins-adamawa-governorship-election.html</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-47730326</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/03/28/pdps-fintiri-wins-in-adamawa-declared-governor-elect/</ref> ==PDP Primary== ==Appeals== ==April election== ==See also== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4914035}} sfz88k1lkjrcu2ri71xc8v870foof33 0 3501803 6685391 6664569 2025-06-13T16:29:16Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q97585731}} <ref>https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/from-kaduna-mafia-to-caliphate.html</ref>'''Ahmed Joda''' OFR, CON, CFR (13 hya hya sudan fav1930 – 13 hya tsitseu fa 2021)<ref>https://punchng.com/breaking-buharis-2015-transition-chairman-ahmed-joda-dies-at-91/</ref> ndgya Nigerian administrator ji ih thur administrative cadre ni Northern regional government ba ni federal civil service aga ja retire Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Industries. pichiraja administration of the youthful Yakubu Gowon, a tsamin yir nji zumu or pama nji kran jo simbiyanda inga super Permanent Secretaries.<ref>https://punchng.com/i-became-more-affluent-after-my-retirement-from-civil-service-ahmed-joda/</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=5PCyAAAAIAAJ&q=ahmed+joda+13+hya sudan+1930</ref><ref>https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/joda-alh-ahmed-mohammed/</ref> ==Biography== ==Honours== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q97585731}} 4wqe4o0zfa3ysjutgvqddeowijttoy3 0 3501807 6686155 6661872 2025-06-14T10:59:45Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item= Q21067202}} '''Babachir David Lawal''' (nji yanyi 2 hya kumo fa 1954)<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/rise-fall-babachir-lawal/</ref> <ref>http://www.parouse.com/php/HTMLGet.php?FindGo=Hong,%20Nigeria</ref>ndgya kra jo ih siyasa najan Secretary an Government of the Federation hearo fa 2015 ando fa 2017. A zabaryin ji pichir 27 hya tsitseu fa 2015, ara President [[Wp/mrt/Muhammadu Buhari|Muhammadu Buhari]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150911082820/http://www.punchng.com/news/buhari-names-sgf-chief-of-staff-others/</ref> Lawal a kithnanyir ji ara Secretary to Government of Federation (SGF) ara President Buhari or 19 hya fudo fa 2017, baji biyar babal ji nabiya papat thuryi or 30 hya kumo fa 2017 an misappropriating funds intended for alleviating the food crisis in Nigeria's Northeast, kra da dzadzau ara [[Wp/mrt/Boko Haram|Boko Haram]].<ref>https://www.ripplesnigeria.com/close-babachir-lawal-engineer-got-caught-grass-cutting-scandal/</ref><ref>http://www.dailyadvent.com/crime/2019/02/13/breaking-babachir-lawal-granted-bail-barely-24-hours-after-arraignment-in-court/</ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== == Ndar mdu== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q21067202}} eb2qllgf0qk3r5uz5fv9jky38ckyj5q 0 3502055 6685415 6683995 2025-06-13T16:44:46Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685415 wikitext text/x-wiki Mallam '''Aliyu Mai-Bornu''' (fa 1919 – 23 hya hya sudan fa 1970) ndgya Nigerian economist, ba ndgya ni tangrima ni ih-ih Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria.<ref>http://www.cenbank.org/AboutCBN/RetiredExecutive.asp?Name=Alhaji+Aliyu+Mai-Bornu</ref><ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200704230312.html</ref> ==Life== ===Early life and education=== Mai-Bornu nji yanyi or Yola <ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200909290748.html</ref>dunyi Kanuri ngya. dunyi councillor ngya an Lamido Native Authority ba initially opposed Mai-Bornu's attendance of school kamin nji dzugwa kithnanyi Lamido nji dzugwa ninyi an Mai-Bornu dama. Mai-Bornu andarja ando Yola Elementary School, Yola Middle School, banji dzugwa ninyi admission avo Kaduna College ==Career== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4727552}} 9yasrni815aiwq864upppcp6b283l8h 0 3502204 6685600 6650409 2025-06-13T22:29:18Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q5640008}} '''Hajiya Zainab Maina''', FCIA, MFR (nji yanyi 7 hya tsitseu fa 1948) najan Minister ni Women Affairs and Social Development of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. A zabanyir nji or hya July fa 2011.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sun_(Nigeria)</ref><ref>https://mybiohub.com/2018/06/hajiya-zainab-maina-biography-age-family.html/</ref> ==Educationa and personal life== Zainab Maina a heardir ja or [[Wp/mrt/Adamawa State|Adamawa State]] in North-East [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]]. A jigarga or [[Wp/mrt/Kaduna|Kaduna]] Polytechnic ivira ji uya Diploma or Administration ba Higher National Diploma in Catering and Hotel Management. Ba chakau, a uyar ja certificate or Secretarial Studies hearo [[Wp/mrt/Federal Training Centre Kaduna|Federal Training Centre Kaduna]] ba Centre for Development & Population, Washington DC, USA ivira ji thuri Certificate in Institution Building Activities. A hirja sal Alhaji Umar Joji Maina, the Dan-maliki of [[Wp/mrt/Mubi|Mubi]] or [[Wp/mrt/Adamawa State|Adamawa State]] and bani uya uwasya. == Political and governmental career == Prior to her ministerial appointment in hya July 2011, Zainab Maina was: *Board Chairman, National Commission for Nomadic Education, Kaduna (2009–2011); *Board Chairman, Garki Microfinance Bank (1998); *Board Chairman, NCWS, Garki Microfinance Bank, Abuja (1997); *Deputy Chairman, Police Community Relations Committee FCT Command (1998-Date); *Member, Vision 2010 Committee (1997); *Board Member, National Programme on Immunization (1998–2000); *Board Member, Adamawa State Primary Schools Board (1991–1994); *Board Member, Family Economic Advancement Programme (FEAP) (1997–2000). She was the National President – National Council for Women Societies (NCWS), Nigeria (1997-2001). In the ruling party in Nigeria, Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Zainab Maina holds sway as part of the think-tank as Member, PDP Elders Committee; Member, PDP Board of Trustees; executive director, Women Affairs of the Jonathan/Sambo Presidential Campaign (2010); Member, PDP Presidential Electoral/Screening Committee (2010); National Women Representative, PDP Presidential Campaign Council (2007); Delegate, National Political Reform Conference (NPRC)-2005; Women Representative, PDP Reconciliation Committee on theExecutive/Legislative Impasse(2002); International Convener, Home Economics and Consumer Affairs International Council of Women (ICW) Bangkok, Thailand (1993).<ref name=":0" /> == Non-governmental work == *Founder and President, Women for Peace Initiative (WOPI) Nigeria *Patron, Young Muslim Women Association, Nigeria *Sub-Regional Coordinator- Anglophone Africa, International Council for Women *Member, World Association of NGOs (WANGO) *Member, West African Civil Society Forum (WACSOF) *INGO Ambassador, International Non-Governmental Organization(London, UK) == sra nji ningau ba kurthu == *National Award of Excellence towards Women Development Abuja, Nigeria *Jean Harris Award – Rotary International *Winner of the Distinguished Eagle Achievement Award Newark, New Jersey, USA *Amazon Women Award for Contribution towards the Development of Womanhood, Lagos, Nigeria. *Africa Youth Congress Award on the authority of the Senate Headquarters, Banjul, the Gambia *Merit Award by the Mayor of Atlanta, USA *Meritorious Certificate for Loyal and Devoted Services to Development by the Nawar-U-Deen Society of Nigeria *Certificate of Recognition – University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA *Quintessence Award for Remarkable Contribution to Humanity by media in support of Humanity (MISH) *Ambassador for peace by the Universal Peace Federation and the Inter-Religious and International federation for world peace *Honorary citizen of Kansas City, USA *Fellow, African Business School – FABS *Fellow [[Wp/mrt/Chartered Institute of Administration|Chartered Institute of Administration]] – FCIA *Member of the Order of the Federal Republic – MFR ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5640008}} 3tzauresyvnxc097q2x4xqmcq179kq2 0 3502209 6685360 6639020 2025-06-13T16:00:17Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q51755067}} '''Abdullahi Yusuf Ribadu''' (nji yanyi hya tey 2, fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian academic ba professor of Veterinary Reproduction. najan Vice-Chancellor ni Federal University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria (hearo 2004 ando 2009). baji bra ih thurau pioneer Vice-Chancellor ni Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria (hearo 2013-2018). Kija kau Visiting Professor at the National Universities Commission (NUC), Abuja. '''''(Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abdullahi Yusuf Ribadu| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abdullahi Yusuf Ribadu| Hausa wikipedia]])''''' == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== <references /> <ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200907080576.html</ref> [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q51755067}} l30yqty5tdgcsh7jt9rue4tpfboawla 0 3502497 6685385 6664565 2025-06-13T16:26:00Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q80645044}} '''Ahmad Salihijo Ahmad''' (nji yanyi hya kumo 20,fa 1983) ndgya kra Nigerian Engineer and renewable energy advocate. A sa darja Managing Director of Nigerian Rural Electrification Agency. ==Early life and family== Ahmad Salihijo nji yanyi hya kumo 20, fa 1983[2] an chuli Late Mr. Ahmad Salihijo hearo Adamawa State,a foremost consultant to Petroleum Development Fund(PTF). najan zir tangurma ara Mr. and Mrs Ahmad Salihijo. == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q80645044}} f0ygkqqbdqk1zhx108lbgq602zy7adt 0 3502645 6685584 6672741 2025-06-13T22:16:59Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4734320}} '''Aloma Mariam Mukhtar''' GCON (nji yanyi 20 hya kupou tan fa 1944) ndgya<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140702215018/http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2012/07/16/aloma-mukhtar-making-of-nigerias-female-cgn/</ref> Nigerian jurist ba former Chief Justice of Nigeria hearo mudofhou 2012 ando kupou tan 2014. An garyir ji inga English Bar or kupou tan, 1966 ba an Nigerian Bar or 1967. Mukhtar a thuri ja dugal kur ni office aga Chief Justice pichir 16 hya mudofhou fa 2012, <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120718022847/http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/news/54073-jonathan-swears-in-first-female-cjn.html</ref>President Goodluck Jonathan a rantsar nyir ja ni 13th indigenous Chief Justice of Nigeria, baji conferred ni Nigerian National Honour of the Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger (GCON).<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120708083353/http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/news-update/52790-justice-mariam-aloma-muktar-a-profile.html</ref> ==Background== ==Career== ==Awards== ==See also== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4734320}} pixl5v41i72r24nbpmg027dxh268152 0 3502646 6686164 6672572 2025-06-14T11:07:21Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q3510778}} '''Boni Haruna''' (nji yanyi 12 hya kwa fa 1957) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji daga Minister for Youth Development of Nigeria hearo 2014 ando 2015. Ayi kudau a darja aga [[Wp/mrt/Governor of Adamawa State|governor of Adamawa State]] hearo 1999 ando 2007. member ngya ja ni [[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party|Peoples Democratic Party]] krau simau. ==Background== Boni Haruna a yanyir ji or 12 hya June fa 1957. Ji jiga [[Wp/mrt/Political Science|Political Science]] avo [[Wp/mrt/Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria|Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria]]. ==Governor of Adamawa State== ==Subsequent career== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q3510778}} 65ew2spz5rkrh67vfhtylx5h8fw2stx 0 3502763 6685617 6683962 2025-06-13T22:48:00Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q20687464}} '''Umaru Shehu''' CON, CFR (8 hya kupou sudan fa 1930 – 2 hya kumo fa 2023)<ref>http://3.17.199.46/team-member/professor-emeritus-umaru-shehu-cfr/</ref> ndgya Nigerian physician and academic administrator. A siyar ja dugal kur or ivi gurtu or universities, ba University of Nigeria, Nsukka,<ref>https://dailytrust.com/professor-umaru-shehu/</ref> Ahmadu Bello University, ba University of Maiduguri najan chairman ni Board of Directors of the Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria (IHVN).<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/630030-popular-nigerian-academic-umaru-shehu-is-dead.html</ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q20687464}} 11acd2l53d25lda8grxrnqgfnmiosfh 0 3502873 6685408 6665635 2025-06-13T16:39:33Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q60776478}} '''Ali Chiroma''' OON mni (27 hya hya sudan fa 1933<ref>https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/reminiscences-with-comrade-ali-chiroma.html</ref> – 2 hya fudo fa 2024) <ref>https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/chiroma-ali/</ref>ndgya kra Nigerian trade unionist najan president of Nigerian Labour Congress (NLC)<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2013/03/03/nlc-hails-ali-chiroma-as-he-turns-80/</ref> hearo 1984 ando 1988. a kidnanyir nji herar vin gyanyi military government union or fa 1988. or Abacha's regime, a shabiyaryin nji a shili labour matters as the sole administrator <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/08/chiroma-stood-for-independence-of-the-labour-movement/</ref>of NUPENG. ==Life career== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q60776478}} h42ybk0rnyjsln5bnlqo5w3lvjipslz 0 3502875 6685614 6683968 2025-06-13T22:45:07Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q7976946}} Alhadji '''Waziri Kolo Ibrahim''' <ref>http://www.binghamton.edu/cdp/era/elections/nig79pres.html</ref>(26 hya hya sudan fa 1926 – fa 1992) ndgya [[Wp/mrt/Kanuri|Kanuri]] jo ih siku hearo [[Wp/mrt/Borno State|Borno State]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]], ndra daga ndar siyasa ba party leader or Nigerian Second Republic. <ref>Anyaegbunam, N. (1992). Waziri Ibrahim: Politics without bitterness. Lagos, Nigeria: Daily Times of Nigeria.,p37</ref>Aija zumu or original founders and financiers of the Nigerian People's Party, amma or fa 1978 baji per party aga ja pahna Great Nigeria People's Party (GNPP). Baji daga candidate GNPP, baji simiya 10% of the national vote ni Nigerian presidential elections or fa 1979.<ref>Aluko, S. A. (1965). "How Many Nigerians? An Analysis of Nigeria's Census Problems, 1901-63". ''The Journal of Modern African Studies''. '''3''' (3): 371–392. doi:10.1017/S0022278X00006170. ISSN 0022-278X. JSTOR 159549.</ref> ==Early life== ==Political and business career== ==Personal life== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q7976946}} s4ff07sallplq75f1jrgpe78ld716l9 0 3503065 6685375 6662664 2025-06-13T16:15:48Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q3914988}} '''Adamu Ciroma''' (20 hya kupou tan fa 1934 – 5 hya mudofhou fa 2018)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html</ref> ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji daga Governor of the [[Wp/mrt/Central Bank of Nigeria|Central Bank of Nigeria]], nji yanyi [[Wp/mrt/Bole|Bole]] chuli or [[Wp/mrt/Potiskum|Potiskum]], [[Wp/mrt/Yobe State|Yobe State]]. Ndgya member ni [[Wp/mrt/People's Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]].<ref>Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, kupou tan 27, 2003 [1]</ref> ==Second Republic career== Or fa1979, Ciroma aija zumu or [[Wp/mrt/National Party of Nigeria|National Party of Nigeria]] (NPN) presidential aspirants ndra thunga party's presidential primary,[4] in which he was supposedly sponsored by the faceless [[Wp/mrt/Kaduna Mafia|Kaduna Mafia]], a rumored group of northern intellectuals, serving officers and bureaucrats stationed around Kaduna.[5] a shilir ja ni makuru or primary, ayi kudu [[Wp/mrt/Shehu Shagari|Shehu Shagari]] ba [[Wp/mrt/Maitama Sule|Maitama Sule]], candidacy nji baji thuri coba ara [[Wp/mrt/Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad|Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad]], dugal ni [[Wp/mrt/New Nigeria Development Company|New Nigeria Development Company]]. '''''(Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Adamu Ciroma| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Adamu Chiroma| Hausa wikipedia]])''''' ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q3914988}} pxadeuatf3aj8ywu4lipqrs0qw9ihgt 0 3503393 6685367 6639015 2025-06-13T16:06:07Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685367 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q67015410}} '''Dr Abubakar Buba Atare''' II (ngi yanyi Kokiya Abubakar Buba Atare 16 hya tsitseu fa 1987) najan ni muthu Mai or ptil Tula Chiefdom.<ref>https://gombestate.gov.ng/emirs<nowiki/>Gombe State Government. Retrieved 26 hya hya tan 2024.</ref> nji ninyi ptil kur 21 hya hya tan kupou sudan fa 2009 daga dunyi thau Buba K. Atare or fa 13 kupou sudan 2009. Mai Abubakar was at the time of his appointment an engineering undergraduate student of Middlesex University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates pichiran nji ninyi ptil kur. '''''(Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abubakar Buba Atare| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abubakar Buba Atare| Hausa wikipedia]])''''' <ref>Hamagam, Aliyu M. (21 kupou sudan 2009). <nowiki>https://allafrica.com/stories/200912220117.htmlAllAfrica</nowiki>. Daily Trust. Retrieved 26 January 2024.</ref><ref /> ==Sənisəkur ngilúŋgá mdu== ==Work== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q67015410}} a48go8jbk40t0kzder53zls9ljrnwci 0 3503398 6685409 6665639 2025-06-13T16:40:05Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q35539491}} '''Ali Isa''' ) Isa JC; nji yanyi 4 hya kwa fa 1974) ndgya kra jo ih siysa ba administrator. Asa dar ja aga member ni Nigeria's House of Representatives, representing the Balanga/Billiri Federal Constituencies of the Gombe state. Banji bra zaban yi pichir 2023 General election. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q35539491}} nov87uw9ed3kyfgfxpkqdzoa6rq2y9y 0 3503405 6685601 6683982 2025-06-13T22:30:15Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685601 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zainab Adamu Bulkachuwa''', OFR <ref>Leadership Newspaper.http://leadership.ng/news/366704/bulkachuwa-becomes-1st-female-appeal-court-president<nowiki/>leadership.ng. Retrieved 2015-04-28.</ref>(nji yanyi hya hya makur fa 1950) najan Nigerian judge ba former President of the Nigerian courts of appeal. Najan mala ni tangarma an President ni Nigerian court of appeal.<ref>http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/the-task-before-bulkachuwa/176729/. Retrieved 2015-04-28.</ref><ref>https://punchng.com/first-female-appeal-court-president-launches-scholarships-for-gombe-girls/<nowiki/>Punch Newspapers. 2022-03-17. Retrieved 2022-10-03.</ref> ==Nyabiya kra blesar== ==giga== ==Marital life== ==Membership== *Member, Nigerian Bar Association *Member, International Bar Association *Member, Nigerian Body of Benchers ==Retirement== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q20640851}} e341lxleoae7uqijdgrobykbcdrh386 0 3503811 6685586 6638449 2025-06-13T22:17:49Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4746340}} '''Amina Jane Mohammed'''[1] GCON[2] (nji yanyi 27 hya kwa fa 1961) is a British Nigerian diplomat and politician who is serving as the fifth Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations. Previously, she was Nigerian Minister of Environment from 2015 to 2016[3] and was a player in the Post-2015 Development Agenda process. She is also Chair of United Nations Sustainable Development Group. ==Early life and educations== Amina Jane Mohammed nji yanyi or Liverpool, England, pichir 27 hya June fa 1961 an Hausa-Fulani Nigerian veterinarian-officer and a British nurse. Naja dugalu or pama kuminyi yar tufu. Amina J. Mohammed jindo primary school or Kaduna ba Maiduguri or Nigeria ba Buchan School on the Isle of Man. baji ma’i ando Henley Management College or fa 1989 amma najai siya formal bachelor degree. daga ji kudna jigan yi ba dunyi na ninyi ja shalo Nigeria. [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4746340}} oko8ohb92xape8lp6wqct8tggtd81d9 0 3503813 6685392 6665629 2025-06-13T16:31:25Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q102111507}} '''Ahmed Tijani Mu'azu''', OON,<ref>Sodiq, Yusuff (20 hya sudan 2019).https://www.thecable.ng/close-up-this-is-ahmad-muazu-the-man-in-charge-of-inec-logistics<nowiki/>TheCable. Retrieved 19 kupou tan 2020.</ref> (nji yanyi 6 hya tey fa 1957), asa darja aga acting chairman ni Independent National Electoral Commission. Najan hir vingya Mahmood Yakubu or 9 hya kupou tan fa 2020 daga tenure nyi kudau.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201126181119/https://inecnigeria.org/home/national-commissioners/<nowiki/>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_National_Electoral_Commission<nowiki/>Retrieved 19 kupou tan 2020.</ref> ==Education and and career== ==Acting INEC chairman== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q102111507}} 6l8tyokk276826wm3flf89q7ax0zh93 0 3504296 6685371 6639002 2025-06-13T16:10:39Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q17279463}} '''Abubakar Shehu-Abubakar''' CFR<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/10/buharis-national-honours</ref>(nji yanyi 17 hya kupou sudan fa 1977, [[Wp/mrt/Gombe|Gombe]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]]) ptil gargajiya ngya jakran ji zaba ni 11th [[Wp/mrt/Emir of Gombe|Emir of Gombe]]or hya kwa fa 2014.a darja aga ptil daga duntyi tau, [[Wp/mrt/Shehu Abubakar|Shehu Abubakar]], the 10th ptil, ndra tau or 27 hya tufo fa 2014. Abubakar Shehu-Abubakar III najan zur Shehu Abubakar's ni muthu. <ref>https://archive.today/20140624023912/http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/national-news/164757-govt-appoints-new-emir-of-gombe</ref> ngyan ji ninyi ptil Daban Nigeria. Ban jo ganyi ingya thumau ingir Giwa, Uban Kasa, Ɗawisu, ba Abba Jikan Abba. <ref>http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2014/05/27/emir-of-gombe-dies-at-76/</ref><ref>https://dailynigerian.com/dispute-gombe-bauchi-kolmani/</ref><ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/full-list-2022-national-honours-award-recipients/</ref> ==Early life and education== ==Career== ==Awards== ==See also== *[[Wp/mrt/Gombe State|Gombe State]] *[[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Ministry of Defence|Nigerian Ministry of Defence]] ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q17279463}} 6aa8cze0wyxkimreksdg3io7umq55f9 0 3504298 6685621 6683953 2025-06-13T22:51:41Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4457546}} Timothy Mai Shelpidi (4 hya tey fa 1948 – 2 hya hya makur fa 2018) ngya Nigerian general ba diplomat, ndra ih thurau aga ambassador ni Nigeria an Russian Federation hearo 2008 ando 2011. <ref>http://www.mid.ru/nsite-sv.nsf/mnsdoc/10.02.03</ref>ah retired major general, a irja thurau commander ni ECOMOG Peacekeeping Force in Liberia hearo 1998 ando 1999, ba najan commander ni ECOMOG Peacekeeping Force in Guinea Bissau or fa 1997.<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/261668-former-ecomog-commander-timothy-shelpidi-buried.html?tztc=1</ref><ref>http://www.panapress.com/Retired-General-Shelpidi-on-life-support-machine--13-497921-18-lang2-index.html</ref><ref>http://sunnewsonline.com/former-ecomog-commander-major-gen-shelpidi-buried-today/</ref><ref>http://www.mid.ru/brp_4.nsf/0/1998B5C366B11DE7C325792B0037B4C0</ref> ==Qualifications and decorations== Shelpidi has attended various military courses in Nigeria and overseas. * 1971: All Arms Tactics Course *1977 - 1978: Army Command and Staff Course. *1988: National Defence College, India * He speaks English, Hausa language and Tangale language. * He is married and has children. * Pass Staff College (psc) * MSC Defensce Studies * Forces Service Star (fss) * Meritorious Service Star (mss), 1973 he was Commanding Officer of the 124 Infantry Battalion. In 1996 he was MAJOR GENERAL (mss, psc, ndc), Chief of Research and Development In 1997, he was Commander of the Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group in Guinea Bissau. From 18 September 2008 to 14 October 2011 he administrated the Embassy of Nigeria in Moscow.[5] ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4457546}} hx50oky3pygtwdhv4uyfphfmspcv681 0 3504537 6685594 6672733 2025-06-13T22:23:34Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4820221}} '''Abdullahi Idris Umar'''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160303192101/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=130&page=1&state=38</ref> asa darja aga Senator kra represent Gombe Central constituency ni [[Wp/mrt/Gombe State|Gombe State]], Nigeria. Ji shilo office pichir 29 hya tufo fa 2007 a kidi [[Wp/mrt/People Democratic Party|People Democratic Party]] (PDP). <ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/audu-idris-umar</ref>Tawar Umbi Wada (1957–2010) naja ngyanji zaba aga Senator ni Gombe South constituency of Gombe State, Nigeria, ji thuri office pichir 29 hya tufo fa 2003, banji bra zabanyi or fa 2007, ndgya member ni People's Democratic Party (PDP). ==Early life and education== ==Political career== * Member House of Representatives, Yamaltu deba 1999-2003 * Member House of Representatives, Yamaltu deba 2003-2007 * Senator Gombe central constituency, 2007-2011 * Minister of Transport, 2011-2015 == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4820221}} g9lp88sqfzkzb2thhoeaa6nzzgwhzrg 0 3505259 6685397 6638494 2025-06-13T16:33:57Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4699144}} '''Aisha Jummai Al-Hassan''' (16 hya tey fa 1959 – 7 hya tufo fa 2021), kran ji sinbiya ingya Mama Taraba, ndgya Nigerian lawyer ba jo ih siyasa ndra ih thurau Federal Minister of Women Affairs hearo pichiran nji sabanyi or fa 2015 ando pichiran ji peri or fa 2018. She asa darja aga senator representing the Taraba North senatorial district hearo 2011 ando fa 2015. [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4699144}} 2w7gihl1sh5krz185469bvnbn5e5l31 0 3505266 6685358 6639030 2025-06-13T15:57:15Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q100717651}} '''Abdullahi Bala Lau''', kran jo sinbiyan yi ingya Sheikh Balalau ndgya Nigerian Islamic scholar, cleric, mufassir, ba preacher. najan national Chairman ni Jama'atu Izalatul Bidi'ah wa Ikamatus Sunnah, ndi dugalu ni Salafi movement or Nigeria, tun hya hya tan fa 2011. (Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abdullahi Bala Lau| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abdullahi Bala Lau| Hausa wikipedia]]) <references /> <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/201112161345.html</ref> ==Life== Balalau nji yanyi baji hau or Taraba State. == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == {{INTERWIKI|Q100717651}}<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/201112161345.html</ref> [[Category:Wp/mrt]] jquow2hkxkir5fjeah0pd9g74xg2s7o 0 3505996 6686163 6672570 2025-06-14T11:06:50Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q126298409}} '''Butrus Gani-Ikilama''' (25 hya hya sudan fa 1944 – 20 hya hya sudan fa 2011)ndgya Nigerian professor ni Physiotherapy. A darja aga visually impaired aga zir. At the apex ni nyanyi, naja ngyan yi fiya aga dugal ni Physiotherapy Department, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria. ==Early life and career== ===Positions held=== *General Practice Physiotherapist, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1967-1973; *Senior Physiotherapist in-charge, Orthopaedics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1971-1973; *Senior Physiotherapist, Physiotherapy Department, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, 1973-1974; *Superintendent/Physiotherapist in-charge, 1975-1977; *Principal Physiotherapist I/ag. Head, Physiotherapy Department, Institute of Health, Zaria, 1977-1979; *Assistant Chief Physiotherapist/Head, Physiotherapy Department, 1979-1981; *Chief Physiotherapist/Head, Physiotherapy Department, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, since 1974; *Chair, O.M. Trust Limited; *National Vice President, Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy, 1977, 1987-1988; *President, Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy, 1988-1989; *Chair, Hope for the Blind, 1983-2011 ===Evangelical ministry=== While he lived, Gani-Ikilama took the Gospel of Jesus Christ to mostly Moslem-dominated areas of northern Nigeria through evangelism. ==Personal life== In 1973, Gani-Ikilama married Omoze Aigbe, a doctor, who died a few years later. He then married Taiwo Olufunto (nee Akinluyi), also a doctor, on April 9, 1983. Together, they had six children of which only three survived. As of 2017, his son, Andrew Gani-Ikilama, was the Executive Director of Knowledge for the Blind Initiative (KBI), a non-governmental organisation working to alleviate the suffering of blind people. ==Awards== Gani-Ikilama was a recipient of many awards like Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON), Fellow of the Nigerian Society of Physiotherapists (NSP), and the Nigerian Government Icon of Hope (2002). ==Other awards== Molex Foundation Gold Medal Award For Fortitude, 1984 Meritorious Award through Trinity College of Ministerial Arts, 1989 Meritorius Award Through Trinity College Ministerial Arts, 1987 FNSP, 1998 Membership Chartered Society of Physiotherapy, London, since 1967; World Confederation of Physical Therapy, since 1969 ===Fellowships=== Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy, since 1998 Publications During his lifetime, Gani-Ikilama made over 10 publications, including: Physiotherapy Practice in Underdeveloped Condition, Association of Blind Chartered Physiotherapist Journal, 1968; Occupational Opportunities For The Blind - A Survey "Nigerian society of Opthalmology Conference, Ibadan, 1983; Reading for Disabled Child, world Organisation for Early Childhood Education (OMEP) Conference, Zaria, 1985. ===Demise=== Gani-Ikilama died on February 20, 2011, five days to his 67th birthday. == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q126298409}} nlpfvh7xni26cauy7e6m90ez7tkv114 0 3506628 6685236 6662656 2025-06-13T13:17:00Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685236 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4665788}} '''Abdulazeez Abubakar Ibrahim''' (27 hya kupou tan fa 1957<ref>https://www.sunnewsonline.com/breakingsenator-ibrahim-is-dead/</ref>– 5 hya kumo fa 2021) <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=x6Q-AQAAIAAJ&q=Abubakar+Abdulazeez+Ibrahim+kupou tan+27+,+1957</ref>a zabar nyir ji aga senator ni Taraba Central constituency of Taraba State, Nigeria daga soma Nigerian Fourth Republic, najan thunga or the People's Democratic Party (PDP) platform. A thurja office pichir 29 hya tufo fa 1999.<ref>http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt</ref> abra zabar nyir ji or fudo fa 2003 (Help to expand this article from[[w:en:Abdulazeez Ibrahim| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abdulazeez Ibrahim| Hausa wikipedia]]) ==Background== == Sra nji ngau ni siyasa == == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4665788}} e7n74625lrwckb8l5adt35lsa6a37c1 0 3506630 6685591 6638344 2025-06-13T22:21:59Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q74267575}} '''Anna Dickson Ishaku''' (née Mbasughun; nji yanyi 24 hya tsitseu fa 1957) najan shili ingya CEO of the NGO "Hope Afresh Foundation Taraba" ba member ni Nigerian Bar Association. Baji hu sal Darius Dickson Ishaku, ndra sa daga Governor ni Taraba State. [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q74267575}} d58kcbf3nroccpma15867ju1qg7ffmf 0 3506633 6686172 6672602 2025-06-14T11:17:25Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q24565884}} '''Darius Dickson Ishaku''' CON, FNIA, FNITP <ref>Tyopuusu, Justin.https://punchng.com/nigerias-democracy-embarrassing-insulting-gov-ishaku/<nowiki/>Retrieved 29 August 2024.</ref>(nji yanyi 30 hya mudofhou fa 1954) ndgya Nigerian architect, urban planner, university lecturer ba jo ih siyasa. member nya ja ni [[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party|Peoples Democratic Party]] and baji ih thurau aga governor ni [[Wp/mrt/Taraba State|Taraba State]] hearo hya tufo fa 2015 ando May 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200306154940/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/gov-ishakus-absence-from-taraba.html<nowiki/>Daily Trust. 25 February 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200228194941/https://www.today.ng/news/nigeria/taraba-assembly-passes-vote-confidence-governor-ishaku-282367<nowiki/>TODAY. 25 February 2020. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.</ref> ==Early life== ==Political career== ==Fraud Allegations== ==Award== ==Notes== ==See also== *[[Wp/mrt/List of Nigerian architects|List of Nigerian architects]] *[[Wp/mrt/List of governors of Taraba State|List of governors of Taraba State]] ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q24565884}} 8rapdzvg8u6nqh7yu0yy23fu2bj4s3l 0 3506635 6685383 6664399 2025-06-13T16:24:25Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q115702062}} '''Agbu Kefas''' (nji yanyi 12 hya kupou tan fa 1970) is ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji retired Nigerian army lieutenant colonel ndra sada aga governor ni Taraba State or 2023.<ref>https://leadership.ng/col-kefas-a-rising-star-in-nigerian-politics-and-challenges-ahead/</ref> == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q115702062}} 8j8cupacrprjlbs4yzymwyg6zhky7uy 0 3506781 6685593 6672734 2025-06-13T22:22:31Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4772581}} '''Anthony George Manzo''' (nji yanyi fa 1958) nji zabanyi aga Senator an Taraba North senatorial district of [[Wp/mrt/Taraba State|Taraba State]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]], ji thuri office or 29 hya tufo fa 2007. member ngja ni People's Democratic Party (PDP). ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4772581}} ey83pgfm10rgy3jnadqrhz1ufaoh3vw 0 3506783 6686168 6672595 2025-06-14T11:15:03Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q5214942}} '''Danbaba Danfulani Suntai'''<ref>http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm<nowiki/>WorldStatesmen. Retrieved 14 hya hya tan 2010.</ref> (30 hya kwa fa 1961 – 28 hya kwa fa 2017)<ref>Bunmi Awolusi (29 fudo 2011). "https://web.archive.org/web/20110502030020/http://nigerianbulletin.com/2011/04/29/kaduna-bauchi-hold-peaceful-elections-the-guardian/<nowiki/>The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 tufo 2011. Retrieved 29 tufo 2011.</ref> ndgya Nigerian pharmacist bajo ih siyasa ba ji ih daga governor ni Taraba State hearo 2007 ando fa 2015.a foo yir ji avo self piloted aircrash or 25 hya kumo fa 2012, which left him incapacitated for the remainder of his term.<ref>http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=55&Itemid=<nowiki/>Nigeria Governors Forum. Retrieved 15 January 2010.</ref> ==Background== ==Early political career== ==Governor of Taraba State== ==Accident== ==Death== ==Notes== Suntai became incapacitated on 25 October 2012 following an aircrash. Garba Umar became acting governor; 14 November 2012 – 21 November 2014 and Sani Danladi; 22 November 2014 – 29 May 2015 ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5214942}} 64w9q4md0d6evlwslmvnobpg5zv0bkm 0 3506784 6685215 6632664 2025-06-13T12:05:24Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685215 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q110822051}} '''Alhaji Abbas Njidda''' [[File:Emir Of Muri Alh Abbas Tafida.jpg|thumb|Emir_Of_Muri_Alh_Abbas_Tafida]] Tafida<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/the-honest-emir-of-muri/</ref> (10 hya kwa fa 1953)<ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/08/04/the-emir-of-muris-ultimatum/</ref> najan ptil ni Muri or Jalingo [[Wp/mrt/Taraba state|Taraba state]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]]. As 12th ptil ni Muri, nji ninyi dora ni ptil kur pichir 12 hya mudofhou fa 1988 daga nji thuri ara [[Wp/mrt/Alhaji Umaru Abba Tukur|Alhaji Umaru Abba Tukur]].<ref>https://www.thecable.ng/emir-of-muri-ibarapa-residents-benue-and-others-with-sleepless-nights/amp</ref> <br> '''''(Please help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abbas Njidda Tafida| English wikipedia]])''''' == Ndar tang == == Sənisəkur == ==Work== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q110822051}} rq6qcojsh7i8wwkviz8gwohdcpzunhs 0 3506785 6685373 6662660 2025-06-13T16:13:01Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4670509}} '''Abubakar Umar Tutare''' (nji yanyi 13 hya hya sudan fa 1965) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji sa da aga senator representing the Taraba Central senatorial district hearo 2011 ando 2015. Zaban yir ji or fa [[Wp/mrt/2011 Nigerian Senate elections|2011 Nigerian Senate elections]], kro thunga platform ni [[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party|Peoples Democratic Party]] (PDP). '''''(Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abubakar Umar Tutare| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abubakar Umar Tutare| Hausa wikipedia]])''''' <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110810222340/http://74.54.143.9/~people/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15025:giants-and-minions-in-taraba-senatorial-race&catid=38:the-analysis&Itemid=112<nowiki/>(PDF). Nigerian Senate. Retrieved 18 kwa 2011.</ref> ==Early political career== ==Senator== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == <ref>http://www.nassnig.org/nass/senlist.pdf<nowiki/>Peoples Daily. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 18 June 2011.</ref> [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4670509}} 1dfs26idqfbq1re4k9c3xuwzrgq6x3q 0 3506872 6685622 6683952 2025-06-13T22:53:12Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q7782290}} '''Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma''' GCON FSS psc (nji yanyi 9 hya kupou sudan fa 1938) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji retired lieutenant general ndra habba ar vir nya independence military ba political events or [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]]. Danjuma amassed an enormous fortune through shipping and petroleum.[1] A darja Chief of Army Staff hearo mudofhou fa 1975 ando kumo fa 1978. Kuma najan Minister of Defence a kidi President [[Wp/mrt/Olusegun Obasanjo|Olusegun Obasanjo]]'s administration. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== {{INTERWIKI|Q7782290}} [[Category:Wp/mrt]] 75wyl68ilefijnyq83o47vnh6braoqd 0 3507095 6685405 6665633 2025-06-13T16:38:34Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4724466}} '''Alhassan Bako Zaku''' (nuji yanyi hya hya tan 18, fa 1951) ji daga Nigeria's Minister of Science and Technology or hya kupou sudan fa 2007.<ref>Akin Jimoh, Abiose Adelaja And Christina Scott (2 hya tan 2009). "Country Finally Gets New Health Ministers". SciDev.Net (London).</ref> ji pyar office or hya hya makur fa 2010 pichir acting ni President Goodluck Jonathan ji kithna cabinet nyi.<ref>Daniel Idonor (17 hya makur 2010). "Jonathan Sacks Ministers". ''Vanguard''. Archived from the original on 22 hya makur 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-14.</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110703235149/http://www.fmst.gov.ng/minister_of_state_profile.php</ref> ==Background== ==Political Career== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4724466}} b5t6018xmvih2xcu0h2r6r3vkrbbycx 0 3507096 6686158 6672557 2025-06-14T11:03:06Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q91342680}} '''Bashir Dalhatu''' (nji yanyi 12 hya kupou tan fa 1949), ptil Wazirin Dutse, is a Nigerian aristocrat, statesman ba lawyer . ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji daga Interim National Government aga Minister of Transport and Aviation or fa 1993; or General Sani Abacha's government aga Minister of Power and Steel hearo fa 1993 ando fa 1997 ba Minister of Internal Affairs hearo fa 1997 ando fa 199 ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91342680}} k4hn6yt7tj4jubhwvzuhiif0i811r0q 0 3507368 6685365 6639018 2025-06-13T16:01:57Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q64735243}} '''Abel Peter Diah''' (nji yanyi 1 hya kwa fa 1971) ngya kra jo ih siyasa baji Sada aga Speaker ni Taraba State House of Assembly. Abel Diah member ngya ja ni People's Democratic Party ndra ih thurau or Taraba State House of Assembly representing Mbamnga constituency or fa 2003. '''''(Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abel Peter Diah| English wikipedia]])''''' <ref>https://tarabastate.gov.ng/taraba-speaker-celebrates-new-position-in-conference-of-nigeria-speakers/</ref> == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] <references /><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/333232-taraba-assembly-speaker-re-elected.html</ref> {{INTERWIKI|Q64735243}} k9vgxgp8qm6vbu9uu2qk4vkfjw1qpzr 0 3507854 6686174 6672607 2025-06-14T11:18:40Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q111080320}} '''The deputy governor of Adamawa State''' najan ni bithu officer or executive branch ni government of Adamawa State, Nigeria, ayi kudu governor ni Adamawa State, najan ndu ni tangirma kra kudna jamu. The deputy governor aga zumu ndgya jo zaban da inga governor agan da ir fa fodu or office. Kaletapwa Farauta najan deputy governor ni kijakau, a vor jo office or 29 tufo fa 2023.<ref>https://businessday.ng/news/article/i-will-not-fail-you-fintiri-pledges-to-adamawa-residents/?amp=1 ''Businessday NG''. 29 May 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2024.</ref><ref>http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederalRepublicOfNigeria.htm#State_Executive<nowiki/>Nigeria Law. Retrieved 20 January2024.</ref> ==Responsibilities[edit source== The deputy governor a thuwar ja governor or thuryi ba kuma jo thuri ivinyi ma ji tau, ko manji hiyanyi ko anjamai, kra jo yuwau or 1999 Constitution ni Nigeria. ==List of deputy governors== {| class="wikitable" |-bgcolor=cccccc ! Name ! Took office ! Left office ! Time in office ! Party ! Elected ! Governor |- |[[Wp/mrt/Bello Tukur|Bello Tukur]]<br>{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1960)}} |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |{{Wp/mrt/Age in years and months|1999|05|29|2007|05|29}} |[[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] |[[Wp/mrt/1999 Adamawa State gubernatorial election|1999]]<br>[[Wp/mrt/2003 Adamawa State gubernatorial election|2003]] |[[Wp/mrt/Boni Haruna|Boni Haruna]] |- | rowspan="2" | [[Wp/mrt/Bala James Ngilari|Bala James Ngilari]]<br>{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1972)}} |29 May 2007 |26 February 2008 |{{Wp/mrt/Ayd|2007|05|29|2008|02|26}} | rowspan="2" |[[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] |[[Wp/mrt/2007 Adamawa State gubernatorial election|2007]] | rowspan="2" |[[Wp/mrt/Murtala Nyako|Murtala Nyako]] |- |29 April 2008 |15 July 2014 |{{Wp/mrt/Ayd|2008|04|29|2014|07|15}} |[[Wp/mrt/2008 Adamawa State gubernatorial by-election|2008]]<br>[[Wp/mrt/2012 Adamawa State gubernatorial election|2012]] |- | |8 October 2014 |29 May 2015 |{{Wp/mrt/Ayd|2014|10|08|2015|05|29}} |[[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] | |[[Wp/mrt/Bala James Ngilari|Bala James Ngilari]] |- |[[Wp/mrt/Martins Babale|Martins Babale]]<br>{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1959)}} |29 May 2015 |29 May 2019 |{{Wp/mrt/Age in years and months|2015|05|29|2019|05|29}} |[[Wp/mrt/All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress]] |[[Wp/mrt/2015 Adamawa State gubernatorial election|2015]] |[[Wp/mrt/Bindow Jibrilla|Bindow Jibrilla]] |- |[[Wp/mrt/Crowther Seth|Crowther Seth]]<br />{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1954)}} |29 May 2019 |29 May 2023 |{{Wp/mrt/Age in years and months|2019|05|29|2023|05|29}} |[[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] |[[Wp/mrt/2019 Adamawa State gubernatorial election|2019]] | rowspan="2" |[[Wp/mrt/Umaru Fintiri|Umaru Fintiri]] |- |[[Wp/mrt/Kaletapwa Farauta|Kaletapwa Farauta]]<br />{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1965)}} |29 May 2023 |''Incumbent'' |{{Wp/mrt/Ayd|2023|05|29}} |[[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] |[[Wp/mrt/2023 Adamawa State gubernatorial election|2023]] |} ==See also== * List of governors of Adamawa State ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q111080320}} tcx6b63di003alqukfktnudimqynuza 0 3509090 6685597 6672729 2025-06-13T22:25:48Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4831535}} Ayo Bankole (17 May fa 1935<ref>Sadoh; Godwin (2015).https://www.jstor.org/stable/24615725''Musical Times''. '''156''' (1930): 73–88.</ref> – 6 hya kupou tan fa 1976)<ref>Schmidt, Cynthia, "Bankole, Ayo", in Samuel A. Floyd Jr (ed.), ''International Dictionary of Black Composers'', Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999, pp. 75–80.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</ref>ndgya composer ba organist hearo Yoruba ethnic group ni southwest Nigeria. ==Early life and education== Ayo Bankole nji yanyi or Jos, Nigeria, avo chuli ni thuna: dunyi, Theophilus Abiodun Bankole ndgya organist ba Choirmaster at St. Luke's Anglican Church ni Jos. munyi music instructor ngya ni fa gurtu or Queen's School, Ede, Osun State, a Federal government high school   Emmanuel Bez Idakula kiran jo sinbiya ingya Bez (nji yanyi hya 10 hya November fa 1983), ndgya Nigerian multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter and composer, jo ih thurau genre known as "alternative soul", a hybrid of soul, rock, jazz and R&B. a biyar ja oh Pulse Magazine aga number one oh list ni "Top 12 Musicians To Look Out For in fa 2014" ==Musical career== ==Murder== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4831535}} 47ipce3tylp7kcinanux5l0kphrtebj 6685598 6685597 2025-06-13T22:26:13Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4831535}} Ayo Bankole (17 tufo fa 1935<ref>Sadoh; Godwin (2015).https://www.jstor.org/stable/24615725''Musical Times''. '''156''' (1930): 73–88.</ref> – 6 hya kupou tan fa 1976)<ref>Schmidt, Cynthia, "Bankole, Ayo", in Samuel A. Floyd Jr (ed.), ''International Dictionary of Black Composers'', Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999, pp. 75–80.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</ref>ndgya composer ba organist hearo Yoruba ethnic group ni southwest Nigeria. ==Early life and education== Ayo Bankole nji yanyi or Jos, Nigeria, avo chuli ni thuna: dunyi, Theophilus Abiodun Bankole ndgya organist ba Choirmaster at St. Luke's Anglican Church ni Jos. munyi music instructor ngya ni fa gurtu or Queen's School, Ede, Osun State, a Federal government high school   Emmanuel Bez Idakula kiran jo sinbiya ingya Bez (nji yanyi hya 10 hya November fa 1983), ndgya Nigerian multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter and composer, jo ih thurau genre known as "alternative soul", a hybrid of soul, rock, jazz and R&B. a biyar ja oh Pulse Magazine aga number one oh list ni "Top 12 Musicians To Look Out For in fa 2014" ==Musical career== ==Murder== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4831535}} 0m7z1ke8zd4fmdukqtm7mpf34kvjjpl 0 3509124 6686161 6637711 2025-06-14T11:05:14Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4900275}} '''Emmanuel Bez Idakula''' Kiran jo sinbiya ingya Bez (nji yanyi 10 hya kupou tan fa 1983), ndgya Nigerian multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter and composer, jo ih thurau genre known as "alternative soul", a hybrid of soul, rock, jazz and R&B. a biyar ja oh Pulse Magazine aga number one oh list ni "Top 12 Musicians To Look Out For in fa 2014" [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4900275}} faz4xky6oibubjpwijvwa7zss0e6kkd 0 3509428 6685366 6639017 2025-06-13T16:02:36Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685366 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4667738}} '''Abike Kafayat Oluwatoyin Dabiri-Erewa'''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090327042536/http://www.abikedabiri.com/Profile.html<nowiki/>abikedabiri.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-12-20.</ref> OON (nji yanyi 10 hya kumo fa 1962) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba asa darja aga member bi Nigeria Federal House of Representatives representing Ikorodu Constituency or Lagos State.najan Chairman ni House Committee or Media & Publicity. Kuma asa darja aga Chairperson ni House Committee on Diaspora Affairs, ban ji soma zabanyi ni tangurma or fa 2003, banji bra sa zabanyi or fa 2007 ba 2011. '''''(Help to expand this article from [[w:en:Abike Dabiri| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abike Dabiri| Hausa wikipedia]])''''' <ref>https://nidcom.gov.ng/hon-abike-dabiri-erewa<nowiki/>Retrieved 13 September 2019.</ref> ==Ndar mdu== ==Sənisəkur== ==Bills Sponsored== ==Journalism Bill Controversy== ==Bra kutiya ceɓe== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4667738}} gbp6rfdevlc7xbp3zy83t6hghvsua8r 0 3509618 6686173 6672605 2025-06-14T11:17:59Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18685677}} '''Dele Joseph Ezeoba''' GSS fwc MSc MRIN FCIS (nji yanyi 25 hya mudofhou fa 1958) ndgya retired vice admiral in the Nigerian Navy najan 20th Chief of the Naval Staff.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141215225039/http://leadership.ng/news/1170/navy-approves-appointment-of-20-rear-admirals''Nigerian News from Leadership Newspapers''. Archived from the original on 2014-12-15. Retrieved 2014-12-15.</ref> najan tsa aga ivinyi, asa darja aga Deputy Commandant ni Armed Forces Command and Staff College (AFCSC), Jaji, Nigeria.<ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/tears-as-cds-hands-over-to-cns/''Vanguard News''.</ref><ref>http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/news/99532/1/jonathan-appoints-new-service-chiefs.html''thenigerianvoice.com''.</ref> ==Early life== Admiral Ezeoba nji yanyi 25 hya July fa 1958 or Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. A irja Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, ji dzugau ma’i  bando Britannia Royal Naval College.[3] ayi kudau ji dzugwa AFCSC ba aga Naval War College, Newport, Rhode Island.  Baji bra uya Master of science (M. sc) in Strategic Studies hearo University of Ibadan. ==Naval Career== ==National assignments== He took part in the following national assignments: * Member of the Governing Board of Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) * Chairman of the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) Committee on Combating * Piracy and Environmental Pollution in Nigeria Waters[11] * Chairman of the Presidential Inter-Agency Maritime Security Task Force (IAMSTF) on acts of illegalities in Nigerian waters. * Chairman of the Ministerial Committee on Problems of Cargo Allocation by National Maritime Authority (NMA). ==See also== Nigeria Navy ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18685677}} qqat2wjzku4b3fkciypmo3c2j1hbosm 4 3512103 6685624 6648234 2025-06-13T22:53:50Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan." 6685624 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> New language versions of [[m:Wikiversity|Wikiversity]] should go to [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiversity]], and those of [[m:Wikisource|Wikisource]] to [[oldwikisource:|Multilingual Wikisource]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> You cannot start an entirely new project here. You may only start a new-language version of an existing project. If you want to start a new project, go to [[meta:proposals for new projects]], or see [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]] if you want to create a test. </div> </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">How to start a new test wiki</span> ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you are here to start a new language edition of a project, you can find all information on [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Help:Manual]]. Please be aware of the local [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|policy]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> sabn0hqln5s1a2gvwmmgb9hbqbg69pj 6685629 6685624 2025-06-13T22:57:43Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]." 6685629 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> You cannot start an entirely new project here. You may only start a new-language version of an existing project. If you want to start a new project, go to [[meta:proposals for new projects]], or see [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]] if you want to create a test. </div> </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">How to start a new test wiki</span> ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you are here to start a new language edition of a project, you can find all information on [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Help:Manual]]. Please be aware of the local [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|policy]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> cr3lsrwkfskby9st1vyui4oz6i37yxu 6685634 6685629 2025-06-13T23:05:15Z Kxeon 2598343 6685634 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] skassei [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] skassei [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> You cannot start an entirely new project here. You may only start a new-language version of an existing project. If you want to start a new project, go to [[meta:proposals for new projects]], or see [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]] if you want to create a test. </div> </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">How to start a new test wiki</span> ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you are here to start a new language edition of a project, you can find all information on [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Help:Manual]]. Please be aware of the local [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|policy]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 7nu98ifsrgmbyqr2565fo3vgh49k47d 6685636 6685634 2025-06-13T23:07:30Z Kxeon 2598343 6685636 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> You cannot start an entirely new project here. You may only start a new-language version of an existing project. If you want to start a new project, go to [[meta:proposals for new projects]], or see [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]] if you want to create a test. </div> </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">How to start a new test wiki</span> ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you are here to start a new language edition of a project, you can find all information on [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Help:Manual]]. Please be aware of the local [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|policy]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 65i7zg9k2wsquxtgzdydtlu5mutr8gh 6685638 6685636 2025-06-13T23:11:19Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]." 6685638 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">How to start a new test wiki</span> ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you are here to start a new language edition of a project, you can find all information on [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Help:Manual]]. Please be aware of the local [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|policy]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 1ntt0d3c35m2drwtco4lmydbstnvwdi 6685640 6685638 2025-06-13T23:13:10Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin" 6685640 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you are here to start a new language edition of a project, you can find all information on [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Help:Manual]]. Please be aware of the local [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|policy]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> tq8mdyvv7kjzehqtl2tpqb3rgu1ukkj 6685642 6685640 2025-06-13T23:13:41Z Kxeon 2598343 6685642 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you are here to start a new language edition of a project, you can find all information on [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Help:Manual]]. Please be aware of the local [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|policy]]. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> hr2u6qizj0bq93bluookenj79lyo9ft 6685644 6685642 2025-06-13T23:21:24Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]" 6685644 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 9pgkojmg7jgckrphhac7r8q6k9xy295 6685646 6685644 2025-06-13T23:21:30Z Kxeon 2598343 period 6685646 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Some important rules: </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 0152f0wrqlygmu8lh2aatapg8s4sbh2 6685648 6685646 2025-06-13T23:24:05Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Delli swarewīngis rēgulas:" 6685648 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">IRC channel #wikimedia-incubator</span>] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> j6m1kp5r6155141e0mcl2ew5z5weghb 6685650 6685648 2025-06-13T23:24:47Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator" 6685650 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">chat externally</span>]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> f5pwcrkrrow3j1cxev2cnei0wrk8b2c 6685652 6685650 2025-06-13T23:28:41Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins" 6685652 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sister projects</span>]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> sbhz1tba7rucvv5dvghemy81k2z7pfw 6685655 6685652 2025-06-13T23:29:56Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Sestrai prōjaktai" 6685655 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimedia Foundation]] operates several other [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|multilingual]] and [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:</span> {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> bdedkakkm87n3b5fprsldru1ty9jzws 6685662 6685655 2025-06-13T23:35:11Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai:" 6685662 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[:betawikiversity:|'''Wikiversity''']]<br />Free learning materials and activities</span> | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 020tiy4unm4rnce0cnb82jjhl5li0jo 6685669 6685662 2025-06-13T23:43:01Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis" 6685669 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[voy:en:|'''Wikivoyage''']]<br />The free online travel guide</span> |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> clet2zaginonspwf5fdbewvkhpfel8r 6685674 6685669 2025-06-13T23:45:59Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan" 6685674 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Directory of species</span> | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> p3ut4f317eobx4w6z2vigkyezqjizyl 6685685 6685674 2025-06-13T23:50:30Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns" 6685685 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />The free knowledge base</span> | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 6a2rgrfkklgjdwjweprfm4kpdoek4dj 6685688 6685685 2025-06-13T23:52:08Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi" 6685688 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Shared media repository</span> | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 1mk3ljv5bx86zptc00dgxm4xa3me59c 6685693 6685688 2025-06-13T23:54:49Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan" 6685693 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | [[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Wikimedia project coordination</span> |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 6e6ttmfofq5belrsxt67hbj6i9sods7 6685696 6685693 2025-06-13T23:55:25Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai" 6685696 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[Incubator:Community Portal|Community Portal]], for all questions</span> * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | [[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | [[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> av2me92kj37r2g2sa3yfj7izqsb0vi8 6685700 6685696 2025-06-13T23:58:09Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[Incubator:Community Portal|Perōnis pōrtals]], per wissans prasīsenins" 6685700 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Contact/Help:</span>''' * [[Incubator:Community Portal|Perōnis pōrtals]], per wissans prasīsenins * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | [[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | [[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> f3ndrx4ynsy43jybsuvwb2oakgsra4l 6685702 6685700 2025-06-13T23:58:47Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Kōntakts/Galban:" 6685702 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Please give all pages you create a correct prefix. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|More information about prefixes]]. </div> | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''Kōntakts/Galban:''' * [[Incubator:Community Portal|Perōnis pōrtals]], per wissans prasīsenins * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | [[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | [[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> pqpifgg64bbs0z1dk062k7vjcijccjf 6685709 6685702 2025-06-14T00:04:04Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Dāis wissans pāusans tū wīrst teīkuns tikrōman prefiksan. [[$1|Tūls infōrmaciōni ezze prefiksans]]." 6685709 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> Dāis wissans pāusans tū wīrst teīkuns tikrōman prefiksan. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|Tūls infōrmaciōni ezze prefiksans]]. | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''Kōntakts/Galban:''' * [[Incubator:Community Portal|Perōnis pōrtals]], per wissans prasīsenins * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | [[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | [[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> 85vlz3r03jax6mbcet6c6p467skkc84 6685714 6685709 2025-06-14T00:08:26Z Kxeon 2598343 6685714 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Incubator:Main Page/styles.css" /> :''<small>You can read this page in other languages. The language menu is [[#languages|<u>here</u>]].</small>'' <div class="mainpage-box"> <div id="mf-welcome">[[File:Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg|180px|right|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] <h1 style="border-bottom: none;">Erzinātun si Wikimēdijas Incubatōran!</h1> Šis ast Wikimēdijas Inkubatōrs, kāi mazīngei Wikimēdija prōjaktai en nawwans billins wersiōnis pēr [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia|Wikipēdijan]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikibooks|Wikilāiskans]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikinews|Wikinawwinisku]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikiquote|Wikicitātan]], [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiktionary|Wikiwirdeīns]], be [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikivoyage|Wikipintega]] ast pagattawina, peisāi, perbandāi, be gilaūna enbūwintun [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]]. Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū mazzi pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects|nadāsnas pēr nawwans prōjaktans]]. Šlāit, ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. </div> <div style="clear: both;"><hr style="clear: both; display: none;" /></div> </div> <!-- WIKIS a.k.a. INCUBATING WIKIS a.k.a. TEST WIKIS a.k.a. TEST LANGUAGES a.k.a. DEVELOPMENT WIKIS a.k.a. ... :-) --> <div id="mainpage-wikis" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Wikis|Wikis ēn Inkubatōran]] === <!--<div id="mf-search"> {{Special:SearchWiki}} </div>--> <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Incubator:Featured wikis|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> Stwi ast ainuntkawīdans aktīwans wikins: {{Incubator:Featured wikis}} <div id="mf-allwikis" style="font-size:115%; padding:.2em;">''Per wissan listin stesse Wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōran, wīdais '''[[Special:MyLanguage/I:Wikis|Incubator:Wikis]]'''.''</div> </div> <!-- HOW TO USE THIS WIKI & NEWS --> {| style="padding:0; margin:0; width:100%;" cellspacing="0" | rowspan="3" class="mainpage-box" style="width:55%;" valign="top" | ==== Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin ==== Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> * You need a valid [[I:ISO 639|language code]] (explained in [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|the manual]]). If you don't, you can apply for one, or use the non-Wikimedia wiki [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Incubator Plus 2.0]. * Starting a test wiki here doesn't mean it will later be automatically accepted by Wikimedia; you need it to be approved by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language committee]] first. See [[m:Requests for new languages|Requests for new languages]] for more information. * Please respect the naming conventions for the test language, to help future migrations of pages to an actual wiki project. All of your test pages (including templates and categories) need to be named uniquely (by using a prefix) and consistently. </div> ==== Kāigi preipīstun testan wikin na Inkubatōran ==== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If you have knowledge of a language which currently has a test wiki here, you are strongly encouraged to contribute to that test wiki. </div> Dāis wissans pāusans tū wīrst teīkuns tikrōman prefiksan. [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:FAQ#Prefix|Tūls infōrmaciōni ezze prefiksans]]. | rowspan="3" style="width:3%;" | | class="mainpage-box" style="width:42%;" valign="top" | <div class="plainlinks editsection">[[{{fullurl:Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|action=edit}} {{lcfirst:{{int:edit}}}}]]</div> ==== [[Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:News|{{msg|currentevents|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] ==== {{msg|News|{{SUBPAGENAME}}|local|ns=Incubator}} |- | style="height:25px;" | |- | class="mainpage-box" valign="top" | '''Kōntakts/Galban:''' * [[Incubator:Community Portal|Perōnis pōrtals]], per wissans prasīsenins * [ircs://irc.libera.chat/wikimedia-incubator IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator] (<span class="plainlinks">[https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?#wikimedia-incubator Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins]</span>) |} <!-- SISTER PROJECTS --> <div id="mainpage-sisterprojects" class="mainpage-box"> === [[Incubator:Wikimedia projects|Sestrai prōjaktai]] === [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: {| style="width: 100%; valign: center;" |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikipedia]] | style="width:25%" | [[w:en:|'''Wikipēdija''']]<br />Pawīrpa enciklōpedija | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|Wiktionary]] | style="width:25%" | [[wikt:en:|'''Wikiwirdeīns''']]<br />Wirdeīns be tezārus | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikisource]] | style="width:25%" | [[s:mul:|'''Wikiaps''']]<br />Pawīrps ēnturs bibliōtekars | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikiquote]] | style="width:25%" | [[q:en:|'''Wikicitāti''']]<br />Ēmpirsinsenis citātis |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikibooks]] | [[b:en:|'''Wikilāiskai''']]<br />Pawīrpai rankaslāiskai be perstalīsnas | [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikinews]] | [[n:en:|'''Wikinawwiniskwas''']]<br />Pawīrpa ēnturs nawwiniskwas | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|35x35px|Wikiversity]] | [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x35px|Wikivoyage]] | [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan |- style="vertical-align: center;" | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikispecies]] | [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikidata]] | [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35x35px|Wikimedia Commons]] | [[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x35px|Meta-Wiki]] | [[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai |} </div> <span id="languages"></span> <small><languages/></small> __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <includeonly> [[Category:Incubator:(all){{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|Main Page||/{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}]] [[Category:Incubator:(all)| ]] </includeonly> ths9cig4bp3cpls7jl7rgoicklxyvzw 0 3512187 6685627 6683950 2025-06-13T22:54:50Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19958154}} Ibrahim Muhammad Tanko GCON(nji yanyi 31 hya kupou sudan fa 1953) ndgya Nigerian jurist, ndra ih thurau Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria hearo 2006 ando 2022 ba aga Chief Justice of Nigeria hearo 2019 har ando pichiraji per thurau or kwa 2022 ara ji daga kranga chaji zaba bangau. ayi kudau a darja aga Justice of the Nigerian Courts of Appeal. ==Early life== ==Legal career== ==Corruption== ==Award== ==See also== [[Wp/mrt/Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Justice_of_the_Nigerian_courts_of_appeals|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Justice_of_the_Nigerian_courts_of_appeals]] ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19958154}} 2977qq1gwulozflexmjbyiznokwvi01 0 3512803 6685389 6664568 2025-06-13T16:28:06Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club career== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi.[1] baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or Europe. ==International Career== ==Career statistic== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} rsbsi3amu3rxv19gp9qg57fw3lm13hg 0 3515091 6685359 6639026 2025-06-13T15:58:41Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q107596091}} '''Abdullahi Ibrahim Ali Halims''' Halims<ref>https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/ali-abdullahi-ibrahim<nowiki/>www.shineyoureye.org. Retrieved 13 July 2021.</ref> ( nji yanyi fa 1964) ndgya Nigerian jo ih siyasa najan represents Ankpa/Omala/Olamaboro constituency or House of Representatives of Nigeria, nji zaban yi aga post tan yi or fa 2019. Najan Chairman, House Committee on Steel.Political careerAli Halims a zabar yir nji aga Nigerian National House of Representatives or general election ni 2019 aga ja represent Ankpa/Omala/Olamaboro. pichira ja Chairman, House Committee on Steel.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20210716135046/https://accountablenigeria.org/?q=profile/hon-ali-ibrahim-abdullahi''accountablenigeria.org''. 18 kupou tan 2019. Retrieved 13 mudofhou 2021.</ref><ref>https://observerstimes.com/rt-honourable-abdullahi-ibrahim-alihalimspropagating-indigenous-politics-to-the-people-has-added-another-year-abubakar-yusuf/<nowiki/>Observers Times. 12 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2021.</ref><ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/ali-ibrahim-abdullahi/<nowiki/>citizensciencenigeria.org. Retrieved 13 July 2021.</ref> ==Ndar siyasar mdu == ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q107596091}} k5k4qh1a8tygxfn0fdu4vd1bc09nac6 0 3515692 6685387 6638510 2025-06-13T16:27:17Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q22003076}} '''Ahmadu Adah Ali''' (nji yanyi 1 hya makur fa 1936) ndgya retired Nigerian military officer, a physician and a politician. A yanyir nji or Idah, Igala Kingdom. Ali a darja aga Deputy Director of Army Medical Services and Chief Consulting Physician of the Military Hospital, Kaduna. Or fa 1973, a darja ndu tangurma Director-General of the National Youth Service Corps, a siyar ja position kau har 1975 dagan nji zaban yi aga Minister of Education. A bra irja thur Chairman ni PDP National Working Committee hearo 2005 ando 2007. [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q22003076}} 7su1acwkxsnkuppbfuxz7j3b2jkjnd5 0 3516347 6685495 6611527 2025-06-13T18:33:21Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685495 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitvy i čelj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadž]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičesky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest poslannik boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znane ako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čest dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizm]] (85–90%) i [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizm]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vnikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} eer5ktcvjhr38yrugn9o19stmt7t5nh 6685496 6685495 2025-06-13T18:34:04Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685496 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitvy i čelj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadž]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičesky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest poslannik boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čest dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizm]] (85–90%) i [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizm]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vnikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} cxeiimyeqkbgbidydxbm4ed73u8g4yv 6685498 6685496 2025-06-13T18:34:48Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685498 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitvy i cělj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadž]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičesky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest poslannik boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čest dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizm]] (85–90%) i [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizm]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vnikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} 1u2ak3ippn672l1ndalshdxrhs0zucb 6685499 6685498 2025-06-13T18:36:11Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685499 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitvy i cělj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadža]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičesky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest poslannik boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čest dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizm]] (85–90%) i [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizm]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vnikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} iro2ztwq6c2c1fkpabojdl7p3pzjt1m 6685500 6685499 2025-06-13T18:36:29Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685500 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitby i cělj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadža]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičesky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest poslannik boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čest dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizm]] (85–90%) i [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizm]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vnikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} l3ehpai6db295vk4mofivsawwbi2wj9 6685501 6685500 2025-06-13T18:37:36Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Tečeńja */ 6685501 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitby i cělj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadža]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičesky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest poslannik boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čestju dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizma]] (85–90%), ili [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizma]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vznikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} 0t165k4qlmhj2o1zmltgppsxury1v9c 6685502 6685501 2025-06-13T18:38:02Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685502 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitby i cělj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadža]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičsky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest poslannik boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čestju dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizma]] (85–90%), ili [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizma]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vznikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} sx3ds4kevex25b9le9ypivmo3ydhyul 6685503 6685502 2025-06-13T18:38:28Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685503 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitby i cělj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadža]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičsky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest Poslannik Boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibragima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu) Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čestju dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizma]] (85–90%), ili [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizma]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vznikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} t7zzm4n4l9oi22t04ga1k1od4wa9en9 6685505 6685503 2025-06-13T18:40:14Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685505 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Kaaba Mirror like.jpg|thumb|[[Wp/isv/Kaaba|Kaaba]] v Mekě jest směr muslimanskoj molitby i cělj palomničstva ([[Wp/isv/Hadž|hadža]])]]'''Islam''' jest [[Wp/isv/Абрахамичске религије|abrahamičsky]] [[Wp/isv/Jednobožstvo|jednobožsky]] [[Wp/isv/Věrozakon|věrozakon]], ktory uči, že [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamad]] jest Poslannik Boga. Jest drugym najboljšim věrozakonom, ktoromu slěduje 1.9 miliard ljudij ili 24.9% člověčnosti, znamyh kako [[Wp/isv/Muslimani|muslimani]]. Muslimani sut boljšest naseljenja v 49 državah. Islam uči, že Bog ([[Wp/isv/Allah|Allah]]) jest Jediny, Milosrdny, Vsemočny i Jedinstveny, i že on rukovodil ljudami črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], svete teksty i znaměnja. Glavnymy pisanjami Islama sut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]], ktory jest mněvajemy doslovno ako slovo Boga, i učenja i normativne priklady [[Wp/isv/Muhamad|Muhamada]] (znane ako [[Wp/isv/Suna|suna]]). Muslimani mnějut, že Islam jest cělkovita i universalna versija prvodanoj Věry, ktora mnogokratno byla izjavjena črez [[Wp/isv/Prorok|Prorokov]], vključajuči [[Wp/isv/Adam|Adam]]a, [[Wp/isv/Abraham|Abrahama]] (Ibrahima), [[Wp/isv/Mojsej|Mojseja]] (Musu) i [[Wp/isv/Isus|Isusa]] (Isu). Muslimani mnějut [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]] na [[Wp/isv/Arabsky jezyk|arabskom jezyku]] neizměnnym i konečnym objavjanjem Boga. Kako i neabrahamičske věrozakony, islam takože uči o konečnom sudu s pravednymi ljudmi v [[Wp/isv/Raj|raj]]u i nepravednymi v [[Wp/isv/Peklo|peklu]]. == Tečeńja == Boljšest musliman sut čestju dvuh tečeńij: [[Wp/isv/Sunizm|sunizma]] (85–90%), ili [[Wp/isv/Šiizm|šiizma]] (10–15%). Različja sunitov i šiitov vznikali iz nesuglasa jerbo za naslědnosti Muhamadu i polučili širše politično značeńje, a takože bogoslovno i pravosudno měrjeńja. == Vněšnje linky == {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|en|Islam|revizija=1014424203}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Religija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q432}} rydsjgymo79n7le4qrz4ovnws3zyk92 0 3520709 6686170 6672600 2025-06-14T11:16:27Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q23409665}} '''Danladi Umar''' (nji yanyi 19 hya tsitseu fa 1971 in Bauchi, Nigeria) ndgya Nigerian jurist hearo [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi State|Bauchi State]] or northeastern Nigeria. ji daga Chairman ni Code Of Conduct Tribunal (CCT) ni Nigeria, lawyerngyaja ba Chief Magistrate or Bauchi State, Nigeria. A zabar yir ji pichiraja ingya fa 36 CCT aga acting chairman, Danladi Umar gi da zur kushu or chairman ni CCT fa fodu ayi kudau.The National Judicial Council (Nigeria) as well as Federal Judicial Service Commission ndi recommend nyi an President [[Wp/mrt/Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck Jonathan]], ndra zaban yi aga position ni CCT. ==Early life and education== ==Career== ==Assassination attempt== ==Personal life== ==Controversy== ==See also== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q23409665}} ku9bf2t3a1e3avinql0tjfdez7jmvw2 0 3521006 6685606 6660931 2025-06-13T22:39:44Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685606 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yusuf Maitama Tuggar''' OON<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/08/ministers-swearing-in-fagbemi-pate-sworn-in-as-agf-health-minister/<nowiki/>Vanguard News. 21 tsitseu 2023.</ref> (nji yanyi 12 hya hya makur fa 1967) ndgya Nigerian diplomat ba politician najan Nigerian minister of foreign affairs ni kijakau. jo ih thurau Nigerian Ambassador an Germany hearo 2017 ando 2023.<ref>Tuggar, Yusuf (30 kupou sudan 2018).https://guardian.ng/issue/germany-nigeria-and-africas-future/<nowiki/>The Guardian.</ref> ayi kudau member ngaja ni Nigerian House of Representatives hearo 2007 ando 2011 representing Gamawa; a ji ih office ni governor ni Bauchi State sau muthu.<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/11/nigeria-embassy-berlin-rumbles-ambassador-sacks-staff/<nowiki/>.Vanguard News. 11 November 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2020.</ref> ==Family== ==giga== ==Early career== ==Political career== ===House of Representatives=== ===Governorship election=== ===Ambassador to Germany=== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q65088520}} rjl3zbbw2m07xs8zobotvvnjr2xkm21 0 3521577 6685429 6430037 2025-06-13T16:49:31Z Mahuta 2573761 6685429 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Adunni Ade at the 2020 AMVCA21 47 58 826000.jpeg|thumb|Adunni Ade a shekara ta 2020]] [[W:Adunni Adewale|Adunni Adewale]] (an Haife ta 7 ga Watan Yuni Shekarar 1976) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma 'Yar ƙasar amurka. An haifeta a Queens dake birnin New York. Mahaifiyar ta Baturiyace 'Yar amurka shi kuma mahaifinta Dan Najeriya haifefen Garin Legas. ==Zantuka== *Musulunci da aka karantar da ni yana karantar da ni cewa Allah ne kadai ya hukunta mu. Abin da ke ciki, ba abin da kuke gani ba. Ba neman karbuwa daga wurin kowa. Ina son mutane su yi rayuwa daidai gwargwado. **[https://aboutislam.net/reading-islam/living-islam/nigerian-actress-adunni-ade-islam-never-left-me/Nigerian Actress Adunni Ade – Musulunci bai taba rabuwa dani ba]. *Kada ku damu da abin da abokin gaba yake yi. Kada ku yi hukunci, ku mai da hankali kan ku da ku kaɗai, kuma ku kalli manyan abubuwa suna faruwa da ku. Kamar yadda musulmi suka sani a cikin watan ramadan ana bude Aljannah domin karban addu'o'inmu da addu'o'inmu kuma a rufe wuta aka kulle Shaidan. **[https://guardian.ng/life/i-feel-happier-and-fulfilled-adunni-ade-on-converting-back-to-islam/ Naji dadi da cikawa – ADUNNI ADE AKAN MUSULUNCI.] *Don haka ku sani, yawancin iyaye marasa aure (namiji ko mace) suna yin babban aiki na samar da kansu da yara fiye da ku da ke zaune a cikin mummunan dangantaka, muni, mai raɗaɗi. Ba za a siffanta mu da matsayin dangantakarmu ba! Sadaukar da kai, aiki tukuru, dagewar zamanka a wannan duniya ya kamata a mayar da hankali a kai. Domin da yawa daga cikinmu ba sa rabawa jama'a tarihin rayuwar mu ba yana nufin ba mu tsira ba. Fuskantar rayuwar ku! Fuskantar aikin ku! Zama babban misali ga wasu! A ƙara tunawa da mai kyau ba mara kyau ba. **[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/pulse-opinion-adunni-ade-gets-it-right-about-single-parents-bashing-in-nigeria/xrl8zp4.amp/Adunni Ade ta yi magana game da Iyaye mara aure]. *Har yanzu akwai wasu soyayya a wajen duk da cewa mutane suna kokarin musun cewa babu sauran soyayya, har yanzu akwai soyayya. **[https://blueprint.ng/im-a-sucker-for-love-adunni-ade/ Ni mai son soyayya ne – Adunni Ade Blueprint Newspapers, 18 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2016]. *Ba na kula da rashin hankali, idan na zauna a cikin hakan, ba zan iya ci gaba ba. **[https://newtelegraphng.com/adunni-ade-ive-also-faced-prejudice-in-nollywood/ Adunni Ade: Ni ma na fuskanci son zuciya a Nollywood]. [[Category:Wq/ha]] irutde43zmt4nxzj47zczcerbpp2zrr 0 3521681 6685377 6662667 2025-06-13T16:18:24Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q3510746}} '''Ahmad Adamu Mu'azu''' CON<ref>Sobowale, Rasheed (2022-01-18). https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/01/2023-northern-group-charges-former-bauchi-gov-muazu-to-run-for-president/<nowiki/>.''Vanguard News''. Retrieved 2023-06-05.</ref> (nji yanyi 11 hya kwa fa 1955) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa baji daga Governor ni Bauchi State[1] hearo 1999 ando 2007.<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/<nowiki/>.Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics. 2017-02-18. Retrieved 2021-05-20.</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=bFQhMvSJDtQC<nowiki/>.U.S. Government Printing Office. 2000.<nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</nowiki></ref> ==Biography== Alhaji Ahmadu Adamu Mu'azu (nji yanyi 11 hya kwa fa 1955) najan governor ni Bauchi State in Nigeria hearo 29 tufo 1999 ando 29 hya tufo fa 2007. Najan ji zaba aga PDP National Chairman nji yanyi or Boto, Tafawa Balewa Local Government Area ni Bauchi State (kamin nan alenyi Northern Region), ==Bauchi State Governor== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q3510746}} bn57g4zaay89cgitvq7wz48dfkmt94k 0 3521684 6686157 6637722 2025-06-14T11:02:32Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4849691}} '''Bala Abdulkadir Mohammed''' (nji yanyi 5 kumo fa 1958) ndgyajo ih siyasa ndra da aga governor ni Bauchi State tun 2019. najan daga governor ni Bauchi State, najan minister ni Federal Capital Territory hearo 2010 ando 2015, ba Senator ni Bauchi South hearo 2007 ando 2010. najan ranking member ni Peoples Democratic Party. [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4849691}} pgfixw2ias5gmp3fqul8788naafmmg0 0 3521785 6685430 6390078 2025-06-13T16:49:55Z Mahuta 2573761 6685430 wikitext text/x-wiki sun yi ƙoƙari gwargwadon iko don kula da dai-daitattun ƙwarewa. Ba na zuwa ƙasa da wannan ma'auni, maimakon haka, na hau sama. Don haka tare da irin wannan tunanin akan aikin ku, komai yana fitowa tare da sakamako mafi girma ko mafi kyau. Don haka yana da wuya a ɗauka. [[Category:Wq/ha]] tqlh4xmf0gff7b2b7ix7tly3wqiiphp 0 3521924 6685435 6396911 2025-06-13T16:51:49Z Mahuta 2573761 6685435 wikitext text/x-wiki Daga baya!" Kalmar, murya, hali. Ban taɓa jin wani ya yi amfani da "daga baya" don yin bankwana a baya ba. Ya yi kama da kakkausan harshe, da ban tsoro, kuma ana magana tare da lulluɓe na halin ko in kula na mutanen da ƙila ba su damu su sake gani ko ji daga gare ku ba. Shi ne abu na farko da na tuna game da shi, [[Wq/ha/Huma Abedin|kuma]] ina jin shi har yau. Daga baya! [[Category:Wq/ha]] 466aj5fanq5jalhwql9gcmd99r3r5bq 0 3522124 6685449 6424926 2025-06-13T16:59:37Z Mahuta 2573761 6685449 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[w:Adiat Disu|Adiat Safe Disu]]''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987), Ba'amurke ne, mai zartar da harkokin sadarwar talla a fagagen watsa labarai, talla, fasahar bayanai, da samfuran mabukaci. Iyayenshi 'yan Najeriya ne, [[Wq/ha/Huma Abedin|kuma]] 'yan Ghana. Adiat Disu ya kafa cibiyar tallace-tallace da tallace-tallace da yawa da ake kira Adirée, yana ba da kamfen na al'adu, abun ciki, da kasuwanci - sabis na tallace-tallace, tare da hedkwata a New York. ==Zantuka.== Samun ikon renon mahaifa (mata) na Afirka, haƙiƙa abin alfahari ne, gogewa da ba zan taɓa mantawa da ita ba. **[https://venturesafrica.com/ventures-travel-interview-with-adiat-disu/] Ba dole ba ne in dogara da kaina na yanke hukunci wanda lokacin da kuke tafiya zai iya zama bala'i. **[https://venturesafrica.com/ventures-travel-interview-with-adiat-disu/] [[Category:Wq/ha]] 1vturrb8n64axch0626fl0eooo1n66n 0 3522443 6685427 6430531 2025-06-13T16:49:16Z Mahuta 2573761 6685427 wikitext text/x-wiki a[[w:Adunni Bankole|'''Adunni Bankole,''']] ( An haife ta a watan Maris a shekara 1959 –ta mutu a ranar 3 ga [[Wq/ha/Mata na Asalin Amurka|watan]] Janairu a shekara ta 2015),ta kasance fitacciyar ƴar kasuwa, shugbar mata ƴar Najeriya. Ta kasance a matsayin shugabar mata''Yeye Mokun'' na Nasarautar Owu. a == Zantuka == * Mutyniyar al’umma kuma Iyalode ta Gbagura a Jihar Ogun, Chif Mrs. Adunni Bankole, ta mutu. * Zaka iya zama kan ka ne, kada kayi yinƙurin zama wani na daban. **[https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/73220/ you-can-only-be-yourself-dont-try-to-be-any-other-person-.html] [[Category:Wq/ha]] rj6rdgn8xrjgyrisp01kkle85hds383 0 3522695 6685418 6424934 2025-06-13T16:46:39Z Mahuta 2573761 6685418 wikitext text/x-wiki Judith Chichi Okpara, (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Yuli na shekara ta 1971), wacce aka fi sani da Afro Candy, (wanda aka fi sani da Afrocandy), ƴar wasan fina-finai a ƙasar Najeriya. darakta, furodusa, mawaƙa, marubuci, kuma yar wasan batsa. Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na Invisible Twins Productions LLC ==Zantuka.== Ba wai kawai yin aure ba ne. A gare ni aure ba shi da amfani. Yana da irin sa kamar wani yana ƙoƙarin shake ni. Ina bukatan sarari na, bana son wani ya shake rayuwata. BIDIYO: Aure ba shi da amfani kuma maza ba su da tsabta - P*rn actress, Afro Candy, by DAMILOLA OGUNSAKIN, 6 May 2022, Vanguard News, retrieved 10 December [[Category:Wq/ha]] g77neyfvp21j9dseiai0jl15s0bvjrs 0 3522699 6685417 6424936 2025-06-13T16:46:19Z Mahuta 2573761 6685417 wikitext text/x-wiki Dokta Afua Ava Pamela Cooper ɗan ƙasar Jamaica ne ɗan asalin Kanada ɗan tarihi. A matsayinta na masanin tarihi, "ta koyar da karatun al'adun Caribbean, tarihi, karatun mata da karatun Black a jami'o'in Ryerson da York, a Jami'ar Toronto da Jami'ar Dalhousie." Wikipedia An haife shi: Nuwamba 8, 1957 (shekaru 66), Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica Ƙasa: Kanada ==Zantuka.== 13 ga Satumba 2022 - Afua Cooper mai tafiya ne. Tace alokacin ne tayi iya bakin kokarinta. Taji dadin hakan. Amma idan ta saƙa ta hanyar titi da. https://www.dal.ca/news/2022/09/13/weaving-black-history-into-the-canadian-narrative.html “Na san masu aminci, to amma ban san akwai bayi ba. [[Category:Wq/ha]] ei5l486qfo80z7uofcoguidzncqxskc 0 3522710 6685424 6424932 2025-06-13T16:47:56Z Mahuta 2573761 6685424 wikitext text/x-wiki Aesop Rock Aesop Rock, (an haife shi a Shekara 1976) mawaƙin hip hop ne, mawaƙi [[Wq/ha/Humanity|kuma]] furodusa. ==Zantuka.== Idan ina da guduma, da zan gina birni a kan tudu don ƙafafuna su bushe sa'ad da gilashin ruwan inabi na Allah ya karkata. Idan ina da shebur, da na tona rami a cikin datti kuma zan buya lokacin da buguwar buguwar sa ta sauka a duniya. "Tugboat Complex" daga kundin tarin Insideout Vol. 1- Tarin Wawa. An adana shi a "Taskokin Waƙoƙin Asali na Hip-Hop (Rap)," An shiga Mayu 22, 2014. "Ina ganin dukkanmu gungun 'yan iska ne a kan neman zama namu. Wakokin sun taru ne cikin hazo da ba za'a iya mantawa dasu ba. Shi ya sake da wuya a ga tarin kurakurai da kurakurai sun hau kan tudu domin su yi wa sauran cogs din." "Dorks" daga kundi The Impossible Kid. "Rayuwa ba yar iska bace, rayuwa kyakkyawar mace ce, kawai kina kiranta da 'yar iska, saboda ba zata barku ku sami wannan farjin ba, kila ba taji ku ba tare da wani sha'awar irin wannan ba, ko kuma kila ku kawai. dan iska wanda ya kasa yi wa gimbiya magana dadi," "Hasken Rana" daga kundin "Ranakun Ayyuka [[Category:Wq/ha]] 3uv23jnv7zcofbmt79h9xsez7ejjypk 0 3522711 6685426 6424931 2025-06-13T16:48:40Z Mahuta 2573761 6685426 wikitext text/x-wiki Ana haifar da wahala ta hanyar ganewa tare da sanin girman kai. Lokacin da muka gano da sanin girman kai, za mu kasance a sume ko [[Wq/ha/Humanity|kuma]] mu zama rashin sanin ainihin yanayin mu a matsayin ruhi mai hankali. Adyashanti, (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Oktoba a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da biyu 1962), malami ne na ruhaniya Ba'amurke, [[Wq/ha/Huma Abedin|kuma]] marubuci daga Yankin San Francisco Bay wanda ke ba da tattaunawa, darussan nazarin kan layi, da ja da baya a Amurka da ƙasashen waje. Shi ne marubucin litattafai masu yawa, CD da DVD kuma, tare da matarsa ​​Mukti, shine wanda ya kafa Open Gate Sangha, Inc., ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da aka kafa a cikin shekara ta 1996 wacce ke tallafawa da ba da koyarwarsa. ==Zantuka.== * Sau da yawa nakan gaya wa mutane kada su yi kuskure game dashi - wayewa tsari ne mai lalacewa. Ba shi da alaƙa da zama mafi kyau ko zama fiye ko ƙasa da farin ciki. Wayewa shine rugujewar rashin gaskiya. Yana gani ta facade na riya. Yana da cikakkiyar kawar da duk abin da muka yi tunanin gaskiya ne. * Ƙarshen Duniyar ku: Madaidaicin Magana ba tare da tantancewa ba game da yanayin wayewa (2008), shafi. 126 * Babban maƙasudin rude na shine don hana ku ko ta halin kaka daga gane ba komai. * Kai Mai Rarraba (2004) * Abin da ba'a sani ba, yanayin mu na gaskiya, yana da ikon farkawa da kansa lokacin da kuka fara soyayya tare da barin duk tsarin tunanin da kuke riƙe. Yi la'akari da wannan: babu wani abu kamar imani na gaskiya. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 6sdb5dofuebcw60f2gn643tr4rbpsl2 0 3522925 6685422 6401586 2025-06-13T16:47:36Z Mahuta 2573761 6685422 wikitext text/x-wiki Afnan Ullah Khan ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dattawan Pakistan, wanda aka zaɓa a kan babban kujera daga Punjab, tun a watan Maris na shekara ta 2021. Yana cikin ƙungiyar Musulmi ta Pakistan. Dan tsohon ministan tarayya ne kuma Sanata Mushahid Ullah Khan. ==Zantuka== Aƙalla yanzu duniya ta san dalilin da yasa ya yi, abin da ya yi #Gaza_Genecide - Sanata Dr. Afnan Ullah Khan (@afnanullahkh) Oktoba 28, shekarata 2023. kamar yadda aka nakalto a cikin [1] [[Category:Wq/ha]] mvcr8mhr31htjqw4d57lor7fr1jzi4w 0 3522933 6685437 6424928 2025-06-13T16:52:24Z Mahuta 2573761 6685437 wikitext text/x-wiki Adowarim Lugu Zuri ɗan kasuwa ɗan ƙasar Ghana ne wanda ke siyar da kwakwa, filin da maza suka mamaye gaba ɗaya a Ghana. Ita ce ta kafa kuma Manaja na Wazuri Ghana Limited, kamfanin da ke noma da sayar da kwakwa da yawa. An jera ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 100 da suka fi fice a harkar kasuwanci a Ghana a shekarar 2016. ==Zantuka.== "Mata sun fi maza dore da abubuwa. Matan da suka tsunduma cikin harkokin kasuwanci ya nuna cewa za su iya bunkasa masana'antu ko kungiyoyinsu da kyau don daukar mutane da yawa a lokacin, dukkanmu zamu iya rayuwa mai inganci." Kasuwancin Mata. B&FT akan layi, Fabrairu 15, 2018. “Ya kamata ku kasance masu son sauraro ku koya. Kuna buƙatar bincika koyaushe don dogon lokaci. Kuma sama da duka, kuna buƙatar mai da hankali. Neman Nasara Yadda muka yi a Afirka, 7 ga Maris, 2018. [[Category:Wq/ha]] mkx8l9tpok05azs9y4igy7cvmc5j0ib 0 3525235 6685595 6672730 2025-06-13T22:24:19Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q111141594}} '''Mohammed Auwal Jatau''' is ndgya kra jo ih siyasa, najan deputy governor ni Bauchi State tun 29 tufo 2023. Jatau a zabar nyir ji 2023 Bauchi State gubernatorial election. asa darja aga member ni House of Representatives representing Zaki federal constituency ba commissioner ni health.<ref>Ogunyemi, Ifedayo (25 January 2020).https://tribuneonlineng.com/breaking-pdps-jatau-wins-zaki-house-of-reps-seat-in-bauchi/<nowiki/>.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_Tribune<nowiki/>.Retrieved 10 September 2023. </ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q111141594}} 4uraydyf4fgpjbq5csaqzrpweopc7lq 0 3525492 6685376 6662666 2025-06-13T16:16:52Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4680543}} '''Ibrahim Adamu Gumba''' (nji yanyi 10 hya kumo fa 1948) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba ji daga Senator ni Bauchi South constituency of [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi State|Bauchi State]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]] or hya fudo fa 2011 national elections. Najan ingya [[Wp/mrt/People's Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP) ticket. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== <ref>https://dailytrust.com/%E2%80%8E2019-gumba-joins-bauchi-pdp-governorship-ticket-race/<nowiki/>.''dailytrust.com''. Retrieved 2 kwa 2023.</ref> [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4680543}} aoo99v2pwwzuc5lijdz8n1ma1795q58 0 3525504 6685413 6683997 2025-06-13T16:44:09Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q16230616}} '''Aliyu Ibrahim Gebi ''' (nji yanyi 17 hya hya tan fa 1975)<ref>https://www.securexwestafrica.com/whats-on/speakers/speaker-detail/honorable-aliyu-gebi<nowiki/>.www.securexwestafrica.com. Retrieved 2023-08-05.</ref> <ref>Ibrahim, Salisu (2023-03-19).https://www.blueprint.ng/party-loyalty-time-to-reward-aliyu-ibrahim-gebi/<nowiki/>.Blueprint Newspapers Limited. Retrieved 2023-08-05.</ref>security expert ngyaja ingya tsam sau local and regional security matters. Jo ih tur Senior Special Adviser an [[Wp/mrt/Ministry of Interior|Ministry of Interior]] since 2015 har kujakau. chakau, Gebi ngya member ni House of [[Wp/mrt/Representatives or 7th Assembly|Representatives or 7th Assembly]], representing the Bauchi constituency hearo 2011 ando 2015. Pichir time nyi or ki, a zabaryin nji aga Regional Parliamentarian in the [[Wp/mrt/ECOWAS Parliament|ECOWAS Parliament]]. ==Education== ==Career== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q16230616}} quv3kv1u8o077y3lejaiabqg7kxgo75 0 3525506 6685420 6403711 2025-06-13T16:47:00Z Mahuta 2573761 6685420 wikitext text/x-wiki Afrika Bambaataa (an haife shi Afrilu 19, 1957) ɗan DJ ne kuma shugaban al'umma daga Kudancin Bronx, wanda ya taka rawa a farkon haɓakar Hip Hop a cikin shekara ta 1970s. ==Zantuka== Yanzu ya ɗauki kiɗan irin su Mandrill, kamar "Fencewalk", wasu faifan disco waɗanda ke da fa'ida mai daɗi kamar The Incredible Bongo Band lokacin da suka fito da "Apache" kuma kawai ya ci gaba da bugun. Yana iya zama wani ɓangare na rikodin da kowa ke jira - kawai sun bar cikin su ya tafi ya yi daji. Abu na gaba da kuka san mawakin ya dawo kuma za ku yi hauka. Afrika Bambaataa, an nakalto a cikin David Toop (1991). Harin Rap 2: Rap na Afirka Zuwa Duniya Hip Hop, shafi 60. New York. New York: Wutsiyar Maciji. ISBN 1852422432. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 7o0qbgcyceon81j8vcs2zrw8e9dxk7m 0 3526594 6685611 6611233 2025-06-13T22:43:37Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox •item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Early life and education== ==Professional career== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} gh8n0lzszposliwf1drtu1xo2qatjha 0 3527362 6686165 6672581 2025-06-14T11:08:43Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q5097227}} '''Chigozie Christopher ''' (nji yanyi 20 hya fudo fa 1992 or [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi|Bauchi]], [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi State|Bauchi State]]) ndgya Nigerian [[Wp/mrt/Footballer|footballer]] ndro tsa central midfielder an [[Wp/mrt/Rangers Football Club|Rangers Football Club]] ni [[Wp/mrt/Enugu|Enugu]], [[Wp/mrt/Enugu State|Enugu State]].<ref>http://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/110511/Christopher_ready_for_Dolphins_debut</ref> ==Career== Chigozie ji somma football career ingya [[Wp/mrt/Bayelsa United|Bayelsa United]] baji signed an Dolphins F.C of Port Harcourt or fa 2011 [[Wp/mrt/Dolphins F.C.|Dolphins F.C.]],[1] bayan hay kwa ingya Dolphins FC baji signed an [[Wp/mrt/Heartland F.C.|Heartland F.C.]] ni Owerri.<ref>http://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/130222/Christopher_joins_Bayelsa_Utd</ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5097227}} hupuae0qweoay6leffjnfwaxpwmlwdl 0 3527363 6685379 6662668 2025-06-13T16:20:59Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q83689398}} '''Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa''' (nji yanyi hya fudo 16, fa 1940<ref>https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/hon-adamu-muhammed-bulkachuwa-pdp/<nowiki/>Blerf. 21 hya sudan 2017.</ref>) ngya jo ih siasa ba najan senator representing Bauchi north senatorial district ni kijakau,<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/07/apc-crisis-mars-senates-screening-of-ambassadorial-nominees/<nowiki/>.Vanguard News. 2020-07-16. Retrieved 2022-03-16.</ref> he a zabaryir nji aga senatorpichir 2019 Nigeria general elections a kidi All Progressive Congress (APC).<ref>Odunsi, Wale (26 hya sudan 2019).https://dailypost.ng/2019/02/26/nigeria-elections-court-appeal-presidents-husband-bulkachuwa-apc-senator-elect-bauchi-north/amp/<nowiki/>.Daily Post Nigeria.</ref> najan alumnus ni Ahmadu Bello University. ==Skill training scandal and aide's death threat== ==Personal life== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q83689398}} dfmqzfqrnth60h31ew7panv1icst3ig 0 3527897 6685441 6424927 2025-06-13T16:54:23Z Mahuta 2573761 6685441 wikitext text/x-wiki Adjoa Bayor (an haife shi 17 Mayu,a shekara ta 1979) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ghana wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. ==Zantuka== Na yi matukar farin ciki da na ji labarin, daga baya na yi biki tare da abokaina. Na yarda aikin Allah ne. Ina alfahari da cewa an gane ƙoƙari na amma kuma yana da nauyi mai yawa a kaina lokacin da nake buga wa Ghana wasa. Bayanan martaba na Adjoa Bayor, Ghana ta zamani, 1 Oktoban shekarar 2007. Ban taba ganin ’yan kwallon kafa mata da suke madigo ba tsawon shekaru a matsayin dan wasan kwallon kafa. Ba gaskiya ba ne cewa 'yan wasan kwallon kafa mata 'yan madigo ne. Ban taba ganin abokan aikina na kwallon kafa suna yin jima'i ba. Don haka zan karyata da'awar kuma in nemi jama'a su yi musu shara, su kuma yi musu irin wannan rainin da ya kamace su. Abubakr Salim, Na karya budurcina yana da shekara 32 - Adjoa Bayor, Ghana Guardian, 2019. Wata babbar matsala da kungiyar mata ta kasar Ghana (Ghana) ke fuskanta ita ce rashin daukar nauyi. Na yi imani za su iya yin mafi kyau. Ina kuma so in yi amfani da wannan damar don roƙon kungiyoyin kamfanoni da su shigo jirgi su ɗauki nauyin gasar mata a Ghana. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 0nspx91q1vd2aojac0i8fptam0ogi2r 0 3529569 6686176 6636641 2025-06-14T11:19:46Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q111080419}} '''deputy governor ni Kogi State''' najan ni muthu or officer kro [[Wp/mrt/Executive branch|executive branch]] ni government ni [[Wp/mrt/Kogi State|Kogi State]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]], ayi kud [[Wp/mrt/Governor ni Kogi State|governor ni Kogi State]], banji ranks ni tangirma or line ni succession. The deputy governor tare nganjo zaban nda ingya governor aga fa fodu or office. [[Wp/mrt/Salifu Joel|Salifu Joel]] najan deputy governor ni kijakau, kra shilo office or 27 hya tan 2024.<ref>Akinfehinwa, John (27 January 2024).https://dailypost.ng/2024/01/27/usman-ahmed-ododo-sworn-in-as-kogi-state-governor/<nowiki/>Retrieved 27 January 2024.</ref> ==Responsibilities== The deputy governor jo thuwa governor ingya primary assignments ba kuma jo barda aga governor ma ji tau, ko impeached, ko aija mai ko ji da krangaingranjo [[Wp/mrt/1999 Constitution ni Nigeria|1999 Constitution ni Nigeria]]. ==List of deputy governors== {| class="wikitable" ! Name ! Took office ! Left office ! Time in office ! Party ! Elected ! Governor |- |Patrick Adaba<br>{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1946)}} |29 May 1999 |29 May 2003 |{{Wp/mrt/Age in years and months|1999|05|29|2003|05|29}} |[[Wp/mrt/All People's Party (Nigeria)|All People's Party]] |[[Wp/mrt/1999 Kogi State gubernatorial election|1999]] |[[Wp/mrt/Abubakar Audu|Abubakar Audu]] |- | rowspan="2" |Philip Salawu<br>{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1957)}} |29 May 2003 |6 February 2008 |{{Wp/mrt/Ayd|2003|05|29|2008|02|06}} | rowspan="2" |[[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] |[[Wp/mrt/2003 Kogi State gubernatorial election|2003]]<br>[[Wp/mrt/2007 Kogi State gubernatorial election|2007]] | rowspan="2" |[[Wp/mrt/Ibrahim Idris|Ibrahim Idris]] |- |5 April 2008 |26 January 2012 |{{Wp/mrt/Ayd|2008|04|05|2012|01|26}} |[[Wp/mrt/2008 Kogi State gubernatorial by-election|2008]] |- |[[Wp/mrt/Yomi Awoniyi|Yomi Awoniyi]]<br>{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1960)}} |27 January 2012 |27 January 2016 |{{Wp/mrt/Age in years and months|2012|01|27|2016|01|27}} |[[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] |[[Wp/mrt/2011 Kogi State gubernatorial election|2011]] |[[Wp/mrt/Idris Wada|Idris Wada]] |- |Simon Achuba<br>{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1964)}} |9 February 2016 |18 October 2019 |{{Wp/mrt/Age in years and days|2016|02|09|2019|10|18}} |[[Wp/mrt/All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress]] |[[Wp/mrt/2015 Kogi State gubernatorial election|2015]] | rowspan="2" |[[Wp/mrt/Yahaya Bello|Yahaya Bello]] |- |[[Wp/mrt/Edward Onoja|Edward Onoja]]<br />{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 1974)}} |21 October 2019 |27 January 2024 |{{Wp/mrt/Age in years and days|2019|10|21|2024|01|27}} |[[Wp/mrt/All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress]] |[[Wp/mrt/2019 Kogi State gubernatorial election|2019]] |- |[[Wp/mrt/Salifu Joel|Salifu Joel]]<br />{{Wp/mrt/Small|(born 19??)}} |27 January 2024 |''Incumbent'' |{{Wp/mrt/Ayd|2024|01|27}} |[[Wp/mrt/All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress]] |[[Wp/mrt/2023 Kogi State gubernatorial election|2023]] |[[Wp/mrt/Usman Ododo|Usman Ododo]] |} ==See also== [[Wp/mrt/List of Governors of Kogi State|List of Governors of Kogi State]] [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q111080419}} 3p2smykm5cd31ydnqygcxg2sr3t224s 0 3531490 6685612 6503821 2025-06-13T22:44:07Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q22295109}} '''Yahaya Adoza Bello '''[[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] (// ⓘ; nji yanyi 18 hya kwa fa 1975) ndgya kra jo ih Nigerian businessman, politician ba wanted man hearara EFCC, njo yu 84 billion Naira fraud a raja. A irja thur [[Wp/mrt/Governor ni Kogi State|governor ni Kogi State]] hearo 2016 ando 2024.[1] A member of the [[Wp/mrt/All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress]], Bello najan kushu or governor ni [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]] pichara jo office. Nji yanyi or [[Wp/mrt/Okene|Okene]], Bello baji jiga accounting and business administration or [[Wp/mrt/Ahmadu Bello University|Ahmadu Bello University]]. ==Early life and education == == Political career == == Controversies == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q22295109}} hk09gsstlldfr8c6veceyuwxjsvwuye 0 3532079 6685587 6672739 2025-06-13T22:19:13Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q43087508}} '''Amina Oyiza Bello,''', '''née Yakubu''' (nji yanyi 2 hya fudo fa 1978) ngya lawyer, philanthropist, ba mala tangurma ni [[Wp/mrt/Yahaya Bello|Yahaya Bello]], Kogi state governor.<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/02/mocked-stigmatised-cerebral-palsy-child-amina-bello-kogi-first-lady/<nowiki/>.V''anguard News''. 16 hya sudan 2017. Retrieved 23 hya sudan 2022.</ref> najan CEO ni Fairplus International ltd, founder of Hayat Foundation, [[Wp/mrt/Businesswoman|businesswoman]], ba humanitarian.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20171113222839/https://dailytrust.com.ng/news/life-xtra/amina-oyiza-yahaya-bello-my-hayat-story/185850.html<nowiki/>Archived from the original on 13 kupou tan 2017.</ref> Najan kwa ni chisu. Amina jigari or [[Wp/mrt/Obafemi Awolowo University|Obafemi Awolowo University]] in Nigeria, an duna gyaji uya Law bayi turi LLB degree. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q43087508}} lj4apewy3y6f21t5wdgutt84xdxz4ds 0 3532824 6685235 6569390 2025-06-13T13:14:27Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18207706}} '''Abdul Samad Isyaku Rabiu''' [[Wp/mrt/CFR|CFR]] [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] [[Wp/mrt/GCON|GCON]] nji yanyi 4 hya tsitseu fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian businessman and philanthropist. As of 2024, najan ni muthu or jir guna ni Nigeria.[2] dunyi kra da chagya, Khalifah [[Wp/mrt/Isyaku Rabiu|Isyaku Rabiu]], ai ja zumu or njir Nigeria's foremost industrialists or fa 1970s ba 1980s. Abdul Samad najan shili ingya ba chairman ni BUA Group, a Nigerian conglomerate concentrating on manufacturing, infrastructure and agriculture and producing a revenue in excess of $2.5 billion. Ba kuma najan chairman ni [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Bank of Industry|Nigerian Bank of Industry]] (BOI). Or 7 mudofhou 2020, [[Wp/mrt/Forbes|Forbes]] ndi estimated Rabiu's kobanyi $3.2 billion, kra sar jida ni 716th global [[Wp/mrt/Billionaire's club|billionaire's club]]. or hya hya tan fa 2022, a darja ni muthu kra ndiya ingya guna or Nigeria. Or fudo 2022 a darja ndir guna ni tufu or Africa, ingya ada $6.7 billion. or hya tan 2023, Rabiu a darja ni tufu or njir guna ni Africa. [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18207706}} 5kbd23zpmvcqkw3gdrt8c62w71z9jel 0 3533126 6685395 6651420 2025-06-13T16:33:08Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q3510720}} '''Ahmed Rufai Sani Yerima''' (nji yanyi 22 hay mudofhou fa 1960) ndgya kra jo ih [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian|Nigerian]] siyasa ba a darja aga Governor ni [[Wp/mrt/Zamfara State|Zamfara State]] hearo tufo 1999 ando tufo. 2007, ba a darja aga [[Wp/mrt/Senator|Senator]] ni [[Wp/mrt/Zamfara West|Zamfara West]] ba Deputy Minority Leader in the Senate. member ngyaja ni [[Wp/mrt/All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress]] (APC). ==Early years== Ahmed Rufai Sani nji yanyi or 22 hya mudofhou fa 1960 ni Anka town, Zamfara State. [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q3510720}} 1i14km93a8noj1123fglgvmjtlm7ls9 0 3533494 6685237 6639035 2025-06-13T13:17:49Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q105694724}} '''Abduljabbar Nasuru Kabara''' (nji yanyi 7 hya hya sudan fa 1970) Abduljabbar ndgya Nigerian controversial Islamic cleric ba Qadiriyya scholar jon ngiya or [[Wp/mrt/Kano|Kano]], Nigeria, accused of blasphemy towards the Islamic prophet [[Wp/mrt/Muhammad|Muhammad]]. zir [[Wp/mrt/Nasuru Kabara|Nasuru Kabara]] ngyaja, leader ni [[Wp/mrt/Qadiriyya|Qadiriyya]] sect of West Africa sada ba zamin yi kra kushu [[Wp/mrt/Karibullah Nasir Kabara|Karibullah Nasir Kabara]] najan hir tsa dunyi kra tau. == Ndar tang == ==Sənisəkur== ==Islamic faith== ==Personal life== ==Islamic debate== ==Criticism== ==Imprisonment== ==tasau == * [[Wp/mrt/Dahiru Usman Bauchi|Dahiru Usman Bauchi]] * [[Wp/mrt/Qadiriyyah|Qadiriyyah]] * [[Wp/mrt/Tijaniyyah|Tijaniyyah]] ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q105694724}} 9jvtv16imknrtodp4ss5snkor8oc3en 0 3533739 6685588 6672737 2025-06-13T22:20:03Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q107987201}} '''Aminu Ladan Abubakar''', kran nji simbiya ingya Alan Waka (nji yanyi 11 hya sudan 1973), ndgya Nigerian [[Wp/mrt/Hausa-language|Hausa-language]] musician and writer hearo [[Wp/mrt/Kano State|Kano State]], [[Wp/mrt/Northern Nigeria|Northern Nigeria]]. ==Early life and education== Aminu Ala ji kudna primary education or Tudun Murtala Primary School or panma 1980 ingya 1986, ji dzugwa ih GSS Kawaji Secondary School or Dakata, Kano hearo 1987 ando 1992 or 2004. Baji dzugwa ih School of Technology ba or Kano ivira ji ih diploma nyi 2007. ==Publication== ==Music== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q107987201}} 8ojqi0ojd7tqyb4kiiz0gggsad39vih 0 3535583 6685608 6683972 2025-06-13T22:41:11Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q35496974}} '''Yusuf Abdullahi Ata''' (nji yanyi 22 hya kwafa 1962) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba economist ba mallum hearo [[Wp/mrt/Kano state|Kano state]] ndra da aga speaker ni [[Wp/mrt/Kano State House of Assembly|Kano State House of Assembly]] or pama 2017 ingya 2018.[1][2] ==Early life and education== Ata nji yanyi 22 hya June fa 1962 or Fagge Local Government Area ni Kano State. A irja Fagge Primary School or pama 1968 ingya 1975,I dzugwa ih Aminu Kano Community Commercial College or pama fa 1975 ingya fa 1980. Ata a uyar ja Bachelor of Science or Economics ba Masters or Development Studies hearo Bayero University, Kano (BUK) or fa 1984 ba 2001 respectively. ==Career== ==Politics== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q35496974}} kiikospncacq59yblrt3elknpvqm59g 0 3543096 6685521 6473119 2025-06-13T18:57:31Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تحديث 6685521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''13 حزيران''' هو يوم من أيام السنة [[Wp/apc/التقويم الغريغوري|بالتقويم الغريغوري]]، و هو اليوم الـ 164 من أيام السنة [[Wp/apc/سنة بسيطة|بالسنة البسيطة]] و 165 [[Wp/apc/سنة كبيسة|بالسنة الكبيسة]]. == أحداث == {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران}} == مواليد == {{Wp/apc/EmptySection}} == وفيات == {{Wp/apc/EmptySection}} == مناسبات و أعياد == {{Wp/apc/EmptySection}} == مصادر == {{Wp/apc/Reflist}} {{Wp/apc/ExtraReferences |qid=Q2614 }} == روابط برانيه == {{Wp/apc/ExternalLinks |qid=Q2614 }} {{Wp/apc/SisterProjects |qid=Q2614 }} {{Wp/apc/YearDaysAndMonths}} {{Wp/apc/Authority Control |qid=Q2614 }} {{INTERWIKI|Q2614}} [[Category:Wp/apc/أيام السنة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] 3k5wwebnqtak683nmbxr385a5pctsw1 0 3543139 6685969 6473135 2025-06-14T05:46:37Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تحديث 6685969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''14 حزيران''' هو يوم من أيام السنة [[Wp/apc/التقويم الغريغوري|بالتقويم الغريغوري]]، و هو اليوم الـ 165 من أيام السنة [[Wp/apc/سنة بسيطة|بالسنة البسيطة]] و 166 [[Wp/apc/سنة كبيسة|بالسنة الكبيسة]]. == أحداث == {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران}} == مواليد == {{Wp/apc/EmptySection}} == وفيات == {{Wp/apc/EmptySection}} == مناسبات و أعياد == {{Wp/apc/EmptySection}} == مصادر == {{Wp/apc/Reflist}} {{Wp/apc/ExtraReferences |qid=Q2612 }} == روابط برانيه == {{Wp/apc/ExternalLinks |qid=Q2612 }} {{Wp/apc/SisterProjects |qid=Q2612 }} {{Wp/apc/YearDaysAndMonths}} {{Wp/apc/Authority Control |qid=Q2612 }} {{INTERWIKI|Q2612}} [[Category:Wp/apc/أيام السنة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] h1zbk7r220ey57p57d420e85a0ecfj3 0 3547888 6685369 6684003 2025-06-13T16:08:29Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4670485}} '''Abubakar Mahmud Gumi''' (7 kupou tan 1924 – 11 tey 1992) ndgya [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Islamic scholar|Nigerian Islamic scholar]] ba Grand Khadi of the [[Wp/mrt/Northern Region ni Nigeria|Northern Region ni Nigeria]] (1962–1967), position nan ni milyanyi jida aga central authority in the interpretation of the [[Wp/mrt/Shari'a|Shari'a]] legal system in the region. Najan lihi ni associate of [[Wp/mrt/Ahmadu Bello|Ahmadu Bello]], the premier of the Northern region or 1950s ba 1960s baji da aga Grand Khadi. Or fa 1967, the position was abolished.   Gumi emerged as a vocal leader pichir [[Wp/mrt/Colonial|colonial]] era, ivira ji hihibau indirect rule religious power of Emirs and encouraged westernization ni da tutuwa. Nji soma or 1960s, public conflicts emerged a panmaja ingya leaders ni [[Wp/mrt/Sufi|Sufi]] zaminyi, alen jira ayi kudau ji debated ingyan nda or  television programs or fa 1970s ba1980s. or pichita, a fiyarja ideas ni spotlight ingya siyaFriday ingya ndrau or [[Wp/mrt/Kaduna|Kaduna]] Central [[Wp/mrt/Mosque|Mosque]] [[Wp/mrt/(Sultan Bello Mosque)|(Sultan Bello Mosque)]]. Jo ih thurau ingya sessions aga jarevive his criticism of established authorities Ingra jo tsam yanayi ni approach koingra jo yu ja embrace a puritanical practice ni Islam. Ba abra criticized harshly the involvement of mysticism. == Biography == ===Early life and education === ===Early career === == Conflicts == ==Mass media approach== ==Rise of Izala and Islamic Fundamentalism== == Awards and honors == ==See also== *[[Wp/mrt/Islamic extremism in Northern Nigeria|Islamic extremism in Northern Nigeria]] *[[Wp/mrt/Ahmad Abubakar Gumi|Ahmad Abubakar Gumi]] *[[Wp/mrt/Abdullahi Bala Lau|Abdullahi Bala Lau]] *[[Wp/mrt/Kabiru Gombe|Kabiru Gombe]] *[[Wp/mrt/Sani Yahaya Jingir|Sani Yahaya Jingir]] *[[Wp/mrt/Izala|Izala]] ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4670485}} 64oylohdlmmugr4cahkbeaj8xh846z2 0 3548984 6685362 6662659 2025-06-13T16:01:10Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q122016312}} '''Abdulmailk Zubairu Bungudu''') Abdulmalik Zubairu Bungudu (nji yanyi 27 hya tey fa 1978, Bungudu, [[Wp/mrt/Zamfara State|Zamfara State]], ndgya Nigerian politician. <ref>Nwannah, Ifeanyi (2022-12-23).https://dailypost.ng/2022/12/23/zamfara-appeal-court-affirms-bungudu-as-apc-candidate-for-house-of-reps-race/''Daily Post Nigeria''. Retrieved 2023-08-20.</ref>Ji represent Bungudu/Maru Federal Constituency of [[Wp/mrt/Zamfara State|Zamfara State]] in the House of Representatives.  <ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/608555-zamfara-residents-on-edge-as-terrorists-intensify-attacks-on-communities.html''Premium Times Nigeria''. Retrieved 2023-08-20.</ref> == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == Bungudu ji soma ih thuryi administrator or Bungudu local government, aga part ni Local Government Service Commission. Ayi kudau baji sa ih thurau aga chairman ba state president of the Nigeria Union of Local Government Employees (NULGE).   or 2015, Bungudu a zaban yirji aga [[Wp/mrt/House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] in the [[Wp/mrt/National Assembly|National Assembly]], representing the Bungudu/Maru Federal Constituency. A irja thurau har fa 2019. Baji bira thunga wai 2023, banji bra zaban ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q122016312}} 4b69t1zcaj34sd1kz8txaequgjlqx0x 0 3549431 6686160 6672563 2025-06-14T11:04:28Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q64736713}} '''Bello Muhammad''' ndran nji ndiya ingya sinbiya ingya Bello Matawalle (nji yanyi 12 hya sudan 1969) ndgya Nigerian politician ba teacher ndra da aga [[Wp/mrt/Minister of state for defence|minister of state for defence]] tun 2023. Ayi kudau a darja agaa [[Wp/mrt/Governor ni Zamfara State|governor ni Zamfara State]] hearo 2019 ando 2023.   Daga ji ih tur kushu or [[Wp/mrt/Abacha|Abacha]] -era state house of assembly ba a darja aga state commissioner hearo 1999 ando 2003 or [[Wp/mrt/Ahmad Sani Yerima|Ahmad Sani Yerima]] administration or []Fourth Republic]], a somar ja simiyar ja office or 2003 aga member ni House of Representatives anBakura/Maradun baji siya  office har 2015 ni tangurmaaga member ni [[Wp/mrt/All Nigeria Peoples Party|All Nigeria Peoples Party]] ji dzugwa shaando [[Wp/mrt/People's Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] or 2011. Fa fodu dagaji tini Bakura/Maradun Constituency kijaran yi or2015, Matawalle a darja aga 2019 PDP gubernatorial nominee baji siimiya office daga [[Wp/mrt/Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] disqualified asali ndra simiya. or 2021, a tinir ja or PDP an [[Wp/mrt/All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress]] bayan defection rally or [[Wp/mrt/Gusau|Gusau]] a dziri Zamfara State elected officials. ==Early life and education == ==political career== ===Defection to APC=== ==Personal life === ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q64736713}} g9dmcjt97bg1kutkht8vvt7mh41iua2 0 3549613 6685620 6683955 2025-06-13T22:50:52Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q50357218}} Tony Chike (nji yanyi 26 hya fudo fa 1955),kran njindya ingya sinbiya ingya Toni Iwobi, ndgya Italian politician for [[Wp/mrt/Lega Nord|Lega Nord]] ndranji zaba aga [[Wp/mrt/Italian Senate|Italian Senate]] or fa [[Wp/mrt/2018 general election|2018 general election]].   ==Early life and education== Nji yanyi or [[Wp/mrt/Gusau|Gusau]] ni northern Nigeria, hearo [[Wp/mrt/Igbo|Igbo]] descent ngya ja. Aija zumu or 11 siblings ni Roman Catholic family. A irja Catholic schools. Ya rinyi chan [[Wp/mrt/Igbo|Igbo]] ba English. == Career == == Personal life == ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q50357218}} lv6tzp3wih16pncl9b900yf198h8axg 0 3549904 6685416 6683993 2025-06-13T16:45:52Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685416 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Gusau''' (nji yanyi 18 tufo 1943) ndgya Nigerian [[Wp/mrt/General|general]] and statesman. A siyarja ivi panpamuingir high level national security, military and intelligence offices, baji participated or [[Wp/mrt/Military coups|military coups]] panpamu, playing a central role in founding the [[Wp/mrt/Fourth Nigerian Republic|Fourth Nigerian Republic]].   A darja [[Wp/mrt/Minister of Defence|Minister of Defence]] lilihi kau, ba a irja thur [[Wp/mrt/National Security Adviser|National Security Adviser]] an presidents makuru;banajan [[Wp/mrt/Chief of Army Staff|Chief of Army Staff]] pichir [[Wp/mrt/Ernest Shonekan|Ernest Shonekan]] bakushu or regime ni [[Wp/mrt/Sani Abacha|Sani Abacha]]'s re, a darja dugaluintelligence agencies panpamu,ba jida commandant ni [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Defence Academy|Nigerian Defence Academy]].<ref>Auduson, Ibrahim (9 hya makur 2010).https://allafrica.com/stories/201003090494.html''Daily Trust''. Retrieved 21 tufo 2010 – via<nowiki/>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AllAfrica</ref> ==Early life == == Military career == ===Second Republic=== ==Military juntas of 1983–1993== ==Staying power == ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4727556}} 2fzbxihd95kaczjsu2lo8abf9je7znt 0 3550284 6685619 6683958 2025-06-13T22:50:09Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q7853663}} '''Turai Umar Musa Yar'Adua''' (nji yanyi 26 hya mudofhou fa 1957) widow ngaja ni former [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian president|Nigerian president]] ba former [[Wp/mrt/Katsina State Governor|Katsina State Governor]], [[Wp/mrt/Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru Musa Yar'Adua]]. Najan [[Wp/mrt/First Lady of Nigeria|First Lady of Nigeria]] hearo 2007 har salyi dzugwatau or 5 hya May fa 2010. ==Education== Turai Yar'Adua nii yanyim or Katsina [[Wp/mrt/Metropolitan area|metropolitan area]] ni northern Nigeria or hya mudofhou fa 1957. A irja Garama Primary School or Katsina baji dzugwa ma’i ando Government Girls Secondary School, [[Wp/mrt/Kankiya|Kankiya]], najama or Katsina state. Turai Yar'Adua daji ih Katsina College of Arts, Science and Technology or [[Wp/mrt/Zaria|Zaria]], Kaduna state, ivira ji daga "best student" or 1980. Or fa 1983, Turai Yar'Adua a turja [[Wp/mrt/Bachelor's degree|bachelor's degree]] or language hearo [[Wp/mrt/Ahmadu Bello University|Ahmadu Bello University]]. ==Personal life== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q7853663}} 7w39qqjsvabwyv9bpq2d14aykz7tjx8 0 3550287 6685610 6683970 2025-06-13T22:42:59Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q91630215}} '''Yakubu Musa Katsina''' (nji yanyi 1 hya hya tan fa 1950) kran nji dinya ingya sinbiya ingya Yakubu Musa Hassan ndgya renowned [[Wp/mrt/Islamic|Islamic]] scholar<ref>https://theeagleonline.com.ng/sheikh-musa-hassan-backs-fg-plan-to-modernise-almajiri-education/<nowiki/>.''The Eagle Online''. 7 July 2019. Retrieved 23 fudo 2020.</ref> <ref>Paden, John N. (2006). https://books.google.com/books?id=k18it9nWOh0C&pg=PA165<nowiki/>Brookings Institution Press. ISBN <bdi>978-0-8157-9787-6</bdi>.</ref>ba member nifounding leaders zumu or ngra ngurum ni Islamic organizations ni West Africa [[Wp/mrt/JIBWIS|JIBWIS]], kra har kijakau najan Chairman Board of Trustees. ==Early life and education = ==Journey from Tijjaniyya to Izala== == Teaching == == Honour == ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91630215}} qn0041n3zo501kaz1wnb1b5uzcyd7ub 0 3551293 6686177 6672611 2025-06-14T11:20:17Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686177 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117219229}} '''Dikko Umar Radda''' (nji yanyi 10 tey 1969) ndgya Nigerian economist ba politician najan governor ni Katsina State ni kijakau 2023.a darja aga director-general ni Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN). A zabar yir nji aga  governor ni [[Wp/mrt/Katsina State|Katsina State]] or [[Wp/mrt/2023 Nigerian gubernatorial elections|2023 Nigerian gubernatorial elections]].<ref>Ogalah, Dunamis (29 May 2023).https://dailypost.ng/2023/05/29/dikko-takes-oath-of-office-as-katsina-governor/<nowiki/>.Retrieved 11 June2023.</ref> == Early life and education == == Political career == == Philanthropy == == Awards and Recognition == == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117219229}} e4rm1j9z5u3qp25uqps8jgzzcfssdjr 10 3551455 6685523 6684738 2025-06-13T18:58:55Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تحديث 6685523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/apc/Main page image/ITN | image = Brian_Wilson_of_the_Beach_Boys_in_West_Los_Angeles_1990_photographed_by_Ithaka_Darin_Pappas.jpg | caption = براين ويلسون | border = no | caption align = right }} * [[Wp/apc/إسرائيل|إسرائيل]] شنّت غارات جوية على برنامج [[Wp/apc/إيران|إيران]] النووي و على قيادات عسكرية رفيعة المستوى. * رحلة طيران الهند 171 إتحطّمت بمدينة أحمد آباد بالهند، و مات أكتر من 200 شخص. * براين ويلسون (بالصورة)، المؤسّس المشارك لفرقة البيتش بويز، إتوفى بعمر 82 سنة. * إطلاق نار بمدرسة ثانوية بمدينة غراتس بالنمسا خلّى 11 شخص يموتو. * بحفل جوائز توني، مسرحية "Purpose" ربحت جائزة أفضل مسرحية، و كارا يونغ (بالصورة) ربحت جائزة أفضل ممثلة بدور مساعد عن دورها فيها، و "Maybe Happy Ending" فازت بجائزة أفضل مسرحية غنائية. * رئيس وزرا [[Wp/apc/منغوليا|منغوليا]]، لوفساننامسرين أويون إيردين، قدّم استقالتو بعد أسابيع من الاحتجاجات. * [[Wp/apc/هولندا|بهولندا]]، أعلنو عن انتخابات مبكرة بعد ما سقطت حكومة شوف، بسبب انسحاب حزب PVV من التحالف الحاكم. * لي جاي ميونغ اننتخب رئيس [[Wp/apc/كوريا الجنوبية|لكوريا الجنوبية]]. <noinclude> [[Category:Wp/apc/أخبار]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] </noinclude> rhbkniwkg6ypjdysjuy4onnny2zm8qo 0 3552000 6685423 6638455 2025-06-13T16:47:46Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4727557}} '''Aliyu Musa''' (nji yanyi 1 hya kupou sudan fa 1957) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba najan member of the [[Wp/mrt/House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] tun 1999 representing the [[Wp/mrt/Mani|Mani]]/[[Wp/mrt/Bindawa|Bindawa]] constituency ni [[Wp/mrt/Katsina State|Katsina State]]. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20060725140514/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/reps/repsdetails.asp?id=260''nigeriacongress.org''. Nigerian Congress. Archived from the original on 25 mudofhou 2006. Retrieved 3 hya sudan 2007.</ref>Member ngaja ni [[Wp/mrt/Peoples Democratic Party|Peoples Democratic Party]]. ==Political career== or 1999, Musa a zabar yir ji aga ja representative of the [[Wp/mrt/Mani|Mani]]/[[Wp/mrt/Bindawa|Bindawa]]constituency ni [[Wp/mrt/Katsina State|Katsina State]]. or 2019, a thungar ja governorship or [[Wp/mrt/Sokoto State|Sokoto State]] a kidi APC platform baji shili ni muthu or zaben ni. Musa ba kumaconfirmed herara Senate ara chairman ni Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offenses Commission.<ref>https://www.stears.co/elections/2019/governor</ref> [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4727557}} igswg0wac31ta4td7ujjr8stjxkwcs7 0 3553158 6685914 6684942 2025-06-14T05:22:38Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685914 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|plm|a=LL-Q12497929 (mis)-Swarabakti-cak.wav|[t͡ʃaʔ]}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|plm|aʔ}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|plm|num=1}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|peca'}} * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|meca'}} ====Asal-usul==== Ragem pongèsan deri {{Wt/bew/m|plm|peca'}}, {{Wt/bew/m|plm|meca'}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|plm|jv|macak|t=so', belaga'}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-prep-|plm}} {{Wt/bew/pongèsan deri|plm|peca'|t=[[Wt/bew/kaya'|kaya']], [[Wt/bew/macem|macem]]}} {{Wt/bew/syn|plm|ma'|ma'kayo}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|Rainyo bulet '''ca'<nowiki/>''' uba'nyo.|t=Dia punya tampang entu bulet '''kaya'''' babanya punya.}} # {{Wt/bew/-v-|plm}} {{Wt/bew/pongèsan deri|plm|peca'|t=[[Wt/bew/belaga'|belaga']] kaya'}} {{Wt/bew/syn|plm|éca'-éca'}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|Jangan '''ca'<nowiki/>''' wong lolo ma'itu kau ni.|t=Ontong '''belaga' kaya'''' orang bégo gitu, dah, lu.}} # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|plm}} {{Wt/bew/pongèsan deri|plm|peca'|t=kaya' nyang}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|'''Ca'<nowiki/>''' da' gala' nian dio nyingo' aku.|t=Dia tuh '''kaya' nyang''' kaga' mao ngiat gua acan.}} # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|plm}} {{Wt/bew/pongèsan deri|plm|peca'|t=[[Wt/bew/barang|barang]], [[Wt/bew/bangsa|bangsa]], [[Wt/bew/lebi|lebi]] [[Wt/bew/kurang|kurang]]}} {{Wt/bew/syn|plm|ancer-ancer|bangso}} #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|Amen awa' gala', gé' kuenjû' '''ca'<nowiki/>''' sepûlû iko'.|t=Kalo lu mao, gua kasi, dah, '''bangsa''' sepulu biji.}} =====Catetan pemakéan===== Ni ragem pongèsan biasanya dipaké bakal setilah lorodan atawa rèndèngan. ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/ca' ida' baé|ca' ida' baé]] * [[Wt/bew/ca'ini|ca'ini]] * [[Wt/bew/ca'itu|ca'itu]] * [[Wt/bew/ca' iyo nian|ca' iyo nian]] * [[Wt/bew/ca' keiyoan|ca' keiyoan]] * [[Wt/bew/ca' kepakaman|ca' kepakaman]] * [[Wt/bew/ca'mano|ca'mano]] * [[Wt/bew/ca'nyo|ca'nyo]] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|plm|num=2}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|aca'}} ====Asal-usul==== Mentak, kaya'nya, mah, deri {{Wt/bew/m|plm|besa'|t=gedé}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|plm}} ragem geroan bakal nyang [[Wt/bew/tua|tua]], nyang [[Wt/bew/gedé|gedé]] (setilah [[Wt/bew/pernahan|pernahan]]) #* {{Wt/bew/tulad|plm|Gari dûkîn '''ca'<nowiki/>''' awa' tu di buri.|t=Gi paranin lu punya '''empo'<nowiki/>''' di belakang.}} =====Catetan pemakéan===== Ngrikutin paranannya, ''ca'<nowiki/>'' bisa dipaké bakal nggero aa', empo', encang. Lu peratiin, dah, di bagéan [[Wt/bew/ca'#Setilah lorodan 2|lorodan]]. ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * [[Wt/bew/bica'|bica']] * [[Wt/bew/ka'ca'|ka'ca']] * [[Wt/bew/mangca'|mangca']] * [[Wt/bew/nyaica'|nyaica']] * [[Wt/bew/wa'ca'|wa'ca']] * [[Wt/bew/yaica'|yaica']] {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} ====Liat juga'==== * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|cé'}} * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|ci'}} * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|uju'}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] szvoewgtun6ejjudf8zi5m4evb826ce 0 3554087 6685602 6598816 2025-06-13T22:33:12Z Zakaria Tunsung 2586001 Zakaria Tunsung moved page [[Wp/wlx/List of colleges of education in Nigeria]] to [[Wp/wlx/Karɩmamine kolejihi yoe aŋ bɩ Nigeria paalʋʋ]] without leaving a redirect: Misspelled title 6598816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q20715835}} A eɛ 205 daahibu kologyihi ane NCE Certificate-Awarding institutions mine aŋ be Nigeria puoŋ, ka buuhu 27 <ref name="auto">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213105/http://www.ncceonline.edu.ng/colleges.php NCCE Abuja]". ''www.ncceonline.edu.ng''. Retrieved 4 September 2021</ref> e federal, 82 e someŋa sakue kyɛ ka 54 e gɔmenante kologyihi.<ref>NCCE, 2013</ref><ref>[http://pointblanknews.com/pbn/exclusive/nigerian-president-appoints-chairmen-for-67-parastatalsagencies/ “Nigerian President Appoints Chairmen For 67 Parastatals/Agencies"]. ''Pointblank News''. 23 April 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2014.</ref> == Federal kologyihi == Federal Kolegyihi aŋ tare gerema a Nigeria paaloŋ yoe la ama {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Institution !Location !Type !Host state !Year of establishment !width="25%"|Notes |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo|Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141210135943/http://www.thenationonlineng.net/archive2/tblnews_Detail.php?id=50994 "Details – The Nation Archive"]. ''thenationonlineng.net''. Archived from [http://www.thenationonlineng.net/archive2/tblnews_Detail.php?id=50994 the original] on 10 December 2014. Retrieved 9 December 2014.</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Oyo, Nigeria|Oyo]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Oyo State|Oyo State]] | 1977 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Adeyemi College of Education|Adeyemi College of Education]] | [[Wp/wlx/Ondo City|Ondo]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Ondo State|Ondo State]] | 1964 |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Iwo|Federal College of Education, Iwo]]<ref name="auto"/> | [[Wp/wlx/Iwo, Osun|Iwo]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Osun State|Osun State]] | 2020 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Asaba|Federal College of Education (Technical), Asaba]]<ref>[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/03/asaba-college-to-commence-noun-programme/ Asaba College to commence NOUN programme]". ''Vanguard News''. 29 March 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2014.</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Asaba, Nigeria|Asaba]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Delta State|Delta State]] | 1987 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Abeokuta|Federal College of Education, Abeokuta]] | [[Wp/wlx/Abeokuta|Osiele-Abeokuta]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141211060940/http://www.punchng.com/news/council-flays-posting-of-corps-members-as-teachers/</ref> | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Ogun State|Ogun State]] | 1976 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Kano|Federal College of Education, Kano]]<ref>http://saharareporters.com/2014/09/17/bomb-explosion-kills-10-federal-college-education-kano</ref><ref>http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2014/09/deaths-attack-nigeria-teachers-college-2014917194449334646.html</ref> | Kano City | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Kano State|Kano State]] | 1961 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu|Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu]]<ref>http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/news/89446/1/the-pitiable-state-of-federal-college-of-education.html</ref><ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/02/the-rot-continues-at-fce-eha-amufu/</ref> | Eha-Amufu |Federal |[[Wp/wlx/Enugu State|Enugu State]] |1981 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Okene|Federal College of Education, Okene]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121112170114/http://www.kogireports.com/tag/federal-college-of-education-okene</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Okene|Okene]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Kogi State|Kogi State]] | 1974 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Gombe|Federal College of Education (Technical), Gombe]]<ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/06/soldier-kills-one-student-over-girlfriend-in-gombe/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Gombe, Nigeria|Gombe]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Gombe State|Gombe State]] | 1977 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku|Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku]]<ref>http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2009/11/28/fce-omoku-to-affiliate-with-unn/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150924091431/http://www.riversstate.gov.ng/item/777-fce-omoku-publishes-list-of-candidates-for-admission.html</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Omoku|Omoku]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Rivers State|Rivers State]] | 1989 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Kontagora|Federal College of Education, Kontagora]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141115013454/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/explosion-rocks-federal-college-of-education-kontagora/193847</ref><ref>http://saharareporters.com/2014/11/12/female-suicide-bomber-hits-federal-college-education-niger-state</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Kontagora|Kontagora]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Niger State|Niger State]] | 1958 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Zaria|Federal College of Education, Zaria]]<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/201402100381.html</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Zaria|Zaria]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Kaduna State|Kaduna State]] | 1962 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Pankshin|Federal College of Education, Pankshin]]<ref>http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/156275-students-nigerias-colleges-education-lament-lecturers-strike.html</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Pankshin|Pankshin]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Plateau State|Plateau State]] | 1974 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education|Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002545/http://nannewsnigeria.com/provost-wants-alvan-ikoku-college-education-upgraded-university</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Owerri|Owerri]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Imo State|Imo State]] | 1963 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Yola|Federal College of Education, Yola]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230142/http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/daily/education/32899-fce-yola-goes-for-degree-programmes</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Yola, Nigeria|Yola]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Adamawa State|Adamawa State]] | 1974 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Potiskum|Federal College of Education (Technical), Potiskum]]<ref>http://www.nigerianmuse.com/20130712021508zg/nm-projects/higher-education-in-nigeria/top-10-most-preferred-universities-polytechnic-and-college-of-education-in-nigeria/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Potiskum|Potiskum]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Yobe State|Yobe State]] |1976 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Gusau|Federal College of Education (Technical), Gusau]]<ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/10/provost-gets-5-years-jail-dta/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Gusau|Gusau]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Zamfara State|Zamfara State]] | 1990 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka|Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141211060937/http://www.punchng.com/news/college-of-education-lecturers-vow-to-continue-month-long-strike/</ref><ref>http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/155760-lecturers-in-nigerias-colleges-of-education-vow-to-continue-strike-as-meeting-with-fg-deadlocks.html</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Akoka|Akoka]] | Federa | [[Wp/wlx/Lagos State|Lagos State]] | 1967 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Katsina|Federal College of Education, Katsina]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141127210415/http://leadership.ng/news/391697/fg-may-review-jamb-admission-policy</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Katsina|Katsina]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Katsina State|Katsina State]] | 1976 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi|Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi]]<ref>http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/130885-nigerian-president-appoints-chairmen-for-67-parastatalsagencies.html</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Bichi|Bichi]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Kano State|Kano State]] | 1987 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education, Obudu|Federal College of Education, Obudu]].<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/07/obudu-cult-killings-kkk-leader-arrested/</ref><ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/09/fce-obudu-gets-provost/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Obudu|Obudu]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Cross River State|Cross River State]] | 1983 |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Federal College of Education (Technical), Umunze|Federal College of Education (Technical), Umunze]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141214141047/http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=24710</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Umunze|Umunze]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Anambra State|Anambra State]] | 1989 | |} ==Someŋa Kolegyihi== Someŋa Kolegyihi mine aŋ be Nigeria paaloŋ yoe la ama {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Institution !Location !Type !Host state !Year of establishment !width="25%"|Notes |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Piaget College of Education|Piaget College of Education]].<ref>https://www.piagetcoe.edu.ng/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Abeokuta|Abeokuta]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Ogun State|Ogun State]] | 2015 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/St. Augustine College of Education|St. Augustine College of Education]]<ref>http://www.informationng.com/2012/10/in-st-augustines-college-of-education-akoka-the-cloud-is-gathering-again.html</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Akoka|Akoka]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Lagos State|Lagos State]] | 1971 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Our Saviour Institute of Science and Technology|Our Saviour Institute of Science and Technology]] | [[Wp/wlx/Enugu|Enugu]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Enugu State|Enugu State]] | 1989 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Delar College of Education|Delar College of Education]]<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200407280105.html</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Ibadan|Ibadan]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Oyo State|Oyo State]] | 1990 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Yewa Central College of Education|Yewa Central College of Education]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160306014716/https://thedegree.org/2009/06/22/appointment-of-new-professors-at-eau/</ref> | Ayetoro | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Ogun State|Ogun State]] |2004 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Institute of Ecumenical Education, (Thinkers Corner), Enugu|Institute of Ecumenical Education, (Thinkers Corner), Enugu]]<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=04VwpwD7R_AC&pg=PA270</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Enugu|Enugu]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Enugu State|Enugu State]] | 190 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Ansar-Ud-Deen College of Education|Ansar-Ud-Deen College of Education]] | [[Wp/wlx/Isolo|Isolo]]<ref>http://www.orijoreporter.com/fanimokun-calls-for-enrollment-of-more-christian-students-into-ansar-ud-deen-college-of-education/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141213213349/http://www.iconweekly.com/ansar-ud-deen-college-of-education-celebrates-10th-anniversary-in-grand-style/</ref> | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Lagos State|Lagos State]] | 1953 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/African Thinkers Community of Inquiry College of Education|African Thinkers Community of Inquiry College of Education]].<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/11/enugu-2015-election-nomination-scandal-top-govt-party-officials-swindled-aspirant-ani/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Enugu|Enugu]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Enugu State|Enugu State]] | 1990 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/City College of Education, Mararaba|City College of Education, Mararaba]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140110140258/http://allafrica.com/stories/200803190227.html</ref> | Mararaba Gurku | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Nasarawa State|Nasarawa State]] | | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Muftau Olanihun College of Education|Muftau Olanihun College of Education]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141216113355/http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/man-bags-3-year-jail-forging-ibadan-poly-certificate/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Ibadan|Ibadan]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Oyo State|Oyo State]] | 2003 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Havard Wilson College of Education|Havard Wilson College of Education]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141211060944/http://www.punchng.com/metro/septuagenarian-13-others-win-suvs-in-mtns-raffle/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Aba, Abia|Aba]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Abia State|Abia State]] | 2001 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/College of Education Offa|College of Education Offa]].<ref>https://www.academia.edu/120076169/Dr_Razaq_Oyewale_The_Man_Who_Made_Money_While_Making_a</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Offa|Offa]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Kwara State|Kwara State]] | 1987 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Nigerian Army School of Education (NASE), Ilorin|Nigerian Army School of Education (NASE), Ilorin]]<ref>http://thenationonlineng.net/new/nigerian-army-school-may-offer-degrees-2/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Ilorin|Ilorin]] | Federal | [[Wp/wlx/Kwara State|Kwara State]] | 1970 | |--valign="top" | [[Wp/wlx/Nana Aishat Memorial College of Education|Nana Aishat Memorial College of Education]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201110174018/http://namcoed.edu.ng/</ref> | [[Wp/wlx/Ilorin|Ilorin]] | Private | [[Wp/wlx/Kwara State|Kwara State]] | 2009 | |- |} ==Gɔmenante kolegyihi yoe== * [[Wp/wlx/Abia State College of Education (Technical)|Abia State College of Education (Technical)]] * [[Wp/wlx/Adamawa State College of Education|Adamawa State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Adamu Augie College of Education|Adamu Augie College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Adamu Tafawa Balewa College of Education|Adamu Tafawa Balewa College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education|Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Akwa Ibom State College of Education|Akwa Ibom State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Aminu Saleh College of Education|Aminu Saleh College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Bilyaminu Othman College of Education|Bilyaminu Othman College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education and Legal Studies, Nguru|College of Education and Legal Studies, Nguru]] * [[Wp/wlx/College Of Education, Akamkpa|College Of Education, Akamkpa]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education, Akwanga]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Billiri|College of Education, Billiri]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Ekiadolor|College of Education, Ekiadolor]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Gindiri|College of Education, Gindiri]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Katsina-Ala|College of Education, Katsina-Ala]] * [[Wp/wlx/College Of Education, Lanlate|College Of Education, Lanlate]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Oju|College of Education, Oju]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Waka-Biu|College of Education, Waka-Biu]] * [[Wp/wlx/College of Education, Warri|College of Education, Warri]]<ref>[https://coewarri.edu.ng/ "College of Education, Warri – College of Education, Warri".]</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Ebonyi State College of Education|Ebonyi State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Edo State College of Education|Edo State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Enugu State College of Education (Technical)|Enugu State College of Education (Technical)]] * [[Wp/wlx/FCT College of Education|FCT College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Imo State College of Education|Imo State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Isa Kaita College of Education|Isa Kaita College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education|Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Jigawa State College of Education|Jigawa State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Jigawa State College of Education and Legal Studies|Jigawa State College of Education and Legal Studies]] * [[Wp/wlx/Kano State College of Education and Preliminary Studies|Kano State College of Education and Preliminary Studies]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221126153052/http://kasceps.edu.ng/ KANO STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND PRELIMINARY STUDIES]". ''www.kasceps.edu.ng''.</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Kaduna State College of Education|Kaduna State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Kashim Ibrahim College of Education|Kashim Ibrahim College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa|Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa]] * [[Wp/wlx/Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Kabba|Kogi State College of Education (Technical), Kabba]]<ref>“[http://www.kscoetechkabba.edu.ng/ Home]". ''kscoetechkabba.edu.ng''.</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin|Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin]]<ref>[https://www.kwcoeilorin.edu.ng/ Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin]". ''www.kwcoeilorin.edu.ng''.</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Kwara State College of Education (Technical), Lafiagi|Kwara State College of Education (Technical), Lafiagi]]<ref>https://www.kwcoeilorin.edu.ng/</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Kwara State College of Education, Oro|Kwara State College of Education, Oro]]<ref>https://kwacoetl.edu.ng/</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Michael Otedola College of Primary Education|Michael Otedola College of Primary Education]]<ref>https://mocped.edu.ng/</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Mohammed Goni College of Legal and Islamic Studies|Mohammed Goni College of Legal and Islamic Studies]] * [[Wp/wlx/Moje College Of Education|Moje College Of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Niger State College of Education|Niger State College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Nwafor Orizu College of Education|Nwafor Orizu College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Osun State College of Education, Ilesa|Osun State College of Education, Ilesa]] * [[Wp/wlx/Sa'adatu Rimi College of Education|Sa'adatu Rimi College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Shehu Shagari College of Education|Shehu Shagari College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Sikiru Adetona College of Education Science and Technology|Sikiru Adetona College of Education Science and Technology]], Omu-Ajose, Ogun State * [[Wp/wlx/Umar Ibn Ibrahim El Kanemi College of Science and Technology|Umar Ibn Ibrahim El Kanemi College of Science and Technology]] * [[Wp/wlx/Umar Suleiman College of Education|Umar Suleiman College of Education]] * [[Wp/wlx/Yusuf Bala Usman College of Legal and General Studies|Yusuf Bala Usman College of Legal and General Studies]]<ref>http://www.ybuc.edu.ng/</ref> * [[Wp/wlx/Zamfara State College Of Education|Zamfara State College Of Education]] ==Lɛo kaa kyɛ nyɛ== *[[Wp/wlx/List of polytechnics in Nigeria|List of polytechnics in Nigeria]] ==Sombu Yijie == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] [[Category:Wp/wlx/Lists of universities and colleges in Nigeria|*Education]] [[Category:Wp/wlx/Teachers colleges by country|Nigeria]] {{INTERWIKI|Q20715835}} odshuzgvhl2kw56pol0q38oakp1hkr3 2 3554123 6685883 6685056 2025-06-14T04:08:21Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685883 css text/css .mw-parser-output .mw-heading2 { margin-top: 0.4em; margin-bottom: 0.4em; padding:1.2em 0.4em 0.4em 0.4em; border-top: 1px solid #AAA; } /* Hide subheadings (h3 and deeper) from the TOC */ #toc ul ul { display: none; } /* Style the TOC container */ #toc { background-color: #FAFAFA; border: 1px solid #AAA; padding: 0.5em; font-size: 95%; max-width: 80%; margin: 1em auto; text-align: center; } /* Hide the "Contents" title if present */ #toc > .toctitle { display: none; } /* Layout the TOC items horizontally with wrapping */ #toc > ul { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; gap: 0.5em; } /* Add bullet separators between TOC items */ #toc > ul > li::after { content: " •"; padding-left: 0.25em; } /* Remove bullet after the last item */ #toc > ul > li:last-child::after { content: ""; } q9gmk46etfzo6w4g6lqnz9vdn1bzyup 0 3556153 6685589 6672736 2025-06-13T22:21:28Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18098561}} '''Aminu Bello Masari''' (nji yanyi 29 hya tufo fa 1950) ndgya jo ih siyasa ba asa darja aga governor ni Katsina State hearo 2015 ando 2023.<ref>Akinfenwa, Gbenga; Udeajah, Gordi (22 tsitseu 2021).https://guardian.ng/news/katsina-decries-call-for-gov-masaris-resignation/<nowiki/>.Retrieved 22 tey 2024.</ref>najan Commissioner for works, housing and transport Katsina state hearo 1991 ando 1993. A darja aga speaker of the Nigerian House of Representatives or pama 2003 ingya 2007. Masari a shilrja hearo kauye ni Masari ni Kafur local government area ni Katsina State. == political career == ==See also == *[[Wp/mrt/List of governors of Katsina State |List of governors of Katsina State ]] *[[Wp/mrt/Katsina State Executive Council|Katsina State Executive Council]] == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18098561}} qagwcj2iymu3ovddvn16u41cvk0pxq6 0 3557614 6686166 6672586 2025-06-14T11:09:20Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q23540949}} '''Dahiru Barau Mangal''' [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] (nji yanyi hya tsitseu 3, fa 1957) ndgya Nigerian businessman. Najan shili ingya [[Wp/mrt/Max Air|Max Air]] or 2008.<ref>Sub-editor (2022-08-13).https://newswirengr.com/2022/08/13/billionaire-dahiru-mangal-biography-education-career-marriage-children-and-net-worth/<nowiki/>.''NewsWireNGR''. Retrieved 2022-10-18.</ref> ==Early life== Dahiru Barau Mangal nji yanyi or Katsina State or chiliAlhaji Barau Mangal. A hirja ara sigunyi Alhaji Bashir Barau Mangal, Alhaji Hamza Barau Mangal, Hajiya Zulai Barau Mangal, Hajiya Yar Goje ba minyi Hajiya Murjanatu Barau Mangal or Katsina. Baji soma thitruck driver baji dzugwan nda dilbiya mota ni kiryi. ==Career== ==Philanthropy== ==Construction Of $600m Cement Plant In Kogi== ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q23540949}} 08n9reppqluvzuhfxtxa19j40ugml06 0 3558231 6685839 6672450 2025-06-14T02:48:45Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685839 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== {{Wt/bew/jadi SG|min|2025|04}} {{Wt/bew/head|min}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|[ma.ra.pu.ˈlai̯]}} * {{Wt/bew/rhyme|min|ai̯}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|ma|ra|pu|lai}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|min}} [[Wt/bew/pengantèn|pengantèn]] [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] 83d72duqw13tgjskvc3lo35oqkzhzwz 6685852 6685839 2025-06-14T03:45:46Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685852 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|min}}== {{Wt/bew/jadi SG|min|2025|04}} {{Wt/bew/head|min}} {{Wt/bew/wp|lang=min}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/HPA|min|[ma.ra.pu.ˈlai̯]}} * {{Wt/bew/rhyme|min|ai̯}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|min|ma|ra|pu|lai}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|min}} [[Wt/bew/pengantèn|pengantèn]] [[Wt/bew/laki|laki]] {{Wt/bew/ant|min|anak daro}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] 93jz6lx6c8abihgvxke71omxw5t374t 10 3558846 6685871 6526768 2025-06-14T03:58:08Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685871 wikitext text/x-wiki {|class="inflection-table" {{#if:{{{3|}}}{{{4|}}}|! 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[[Wp/wlx/Ghana health|Ghana Health Service]]; demɛ so asibiti derɛ 170. Ka missions; demɛ meŋ so 71. Meŋa buŋsorihi meŋ o ee 8. Ka Ashanti quasi-governmentɛ so 8. Ashanti monarchy so asibiti derɛ 32 aŋ be Ashanti Region poɔ.<ref name=":0" /> == Ashanti Region == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City/Town/Village !District !website |- |SDA Hosepital-Wiamoase |Wiamoase-Kumasi |Sekyere South District |www.sdahospitalwiamoasegh.com |- |Akormaa Memorial SDA Hospital |Kortwia-Abodom |Amansie West | |- |Divine Mercy Hospital |Eseroso, Kuntanase |Bosomtwe | |- |Ahmadiyya Hospital |Asokore Mampong |Sekyere East District | |- |Asafo-Agyei Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Ashanti Goldfields Company Hospital |Obuasi |Obuasi Municipal | |- |Bryant Mission Hospital |Obuasi-Adansi |Obuasi Municipal | |- |City Hospital |Kumasi-Stadium |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |County Hospital |Kumasi-Abrepo |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |District Hospital |Bekwai |Bekwai Municipal | |- |District Hospital |Mampong-Ashanti |Mampong Municipal | |- |District Hospital |Nyinahin |Atwima Mponua | |- |Effiduase Hospital |Effiduase |Sekyere East | |- |Ejisu Hospital |Ejisu |Ejisu-Juaben Municipal | |- |Ejura Hospital |Ejura |Ejura/Sekyedumase | |- |Frimpong-Boateng Medical Center |Toase |Atwima Nwabiagya |www.frimpongboatengmedicalcenter.com |- |Global Evangelical Mission Hospital |Apromase-Ashanti |Ejisu-Juaben Municipal | |- |Asafo-Boakye Specialist Hospital |Kumasi |Ahenema kokoben |<nowiki>http://asafoboakyehospital.com</nowiki> |- |Janie Speaks AME Zion Hospital |Afrancho |Bosomtwe | |- |Juaben Hospital |Juaben |Ejisu-Juaben Municipal | |- |Juaso District Hospital |Juaso |Asante Akim South | |- |Kokofu Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Konongo Hospital |Konongo |Asante Akim North Municipal | |- |Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Kumasi South Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Kuntenase District Hospital |Kuntanase-Ashanti |Bosomtwe | |- |Manhyia Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Mankranso Hospital |Mankranso |Ahafo Ano South | |- |McKenzie Health services |Ahisan-Estae, Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Methodist Faith Healing Hospital |Ankaase |Afigya Kwabre South District | |- |New Edubiase Hospital |New Edubiase |Adansi South | |- |Nkawie Hospital |Nkawie |Atwima Nwabiagya District | |- |Nkenkensu Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Obuasi Hospital |Obuasi |Obuasi Municipal | |- |Peace & Love Hospital |Oduom-Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Pima Hospital |Buokrom Estate-Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Presbyterian Hospital |Agogo |Asante Akim North Municipal | |- |Saint Louis General Hospital |Bodwesango |Adansi North | |- |Saint Luke's Hospital |Kasei |Ejura/Sekyedumase | |- |Saint Martins Catholic Hospital |Agroyesum |Amansie West | |- |Saint Michaels Hospital |Jachie-Pramso |Bosomtwe | |- |Saint Patrick's Hospital |Maase-Offinso |Offinso Municipal | |- |Seventh-Day Adventist Hospital |Asamang |Sekyere South District | |- |Seventh-Day Adventist Hospital |Dominase |Bekwai Municipal | |- |Seventh-Day Adventist Hospital |Kwadaso-Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Seventh-Day Adventist Hospital |Onwe |Ejisu-Juaben Municipal | |- |Seventh-Day Adventist Hospital |Wiamoase |Sekyere South | |- |Suntresu Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Tafo Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |Tepa Hospital |Tepa |Ahafo Ano North | |- |Tophill Hospital |Kronum-Cementmu, Kumasi |Afigya- Kwabre |<nowiki>https://tophillhospital.business.site/</nowiki> |- |TrustCare Specialist Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan | |- |West End Hospital |Kumasi |Kumasi Metropolitan |westend-hospital.com |- |Anidaso Clinic - Poano |Poano |Bekwai | |} == Brong Ahafo Regin == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website !Maps |- |Municipal Hospital |Goaso |Asunafo North Municipal | | rowspan="29" | |- |Municipal Hospital |Kintampo |Kintampo North Municipal | |- |Government Hospital |Atebubu |Atebubu-Amantin Municipal | |- |Government Hospital |Bechem |Tano South Municipal | |- |Government Hospital |Sampa |Jaman North | |- |Holy Family Hospi |Berekum |Berekum Municipal | |- |Holy Family Teaching Hospital |Techiman |Techiman Municipal | |- |Lexis Hospital |Sunyani |Sunyani Municipal | |- |Methodist Hospital |Wenchi |Wenchi Municipal | |- |Mount Olives Hospital |Techiman |Techiman Municipal | |- |Municipal Hospital |Sunyani |Sunyani Municipal | |- |Presbyterian Hospital |Dormaa Ahenkro |Dormaa Municipal | |- |Regional Hospital |Sunyani |Sunyani Municipal | |- |Saint Elizabeth Hospital |Hwidiem |Asutifi | |- |Saint John of God Hospital |Domeabra |Nkoranza North | |- |Saint John of God Hospital |Duayaw Nkwanta |Tano North Municipal | |- |St. Mary's Hospital |Drobo |Jaman South Municipal | |- |Saint Mathias Hospital |Yeji |Pru | |- |Saint Theresa's Hospital |Nkoranza |Nkoranza South | |- |Third Medical Reception Hospital |Sunyani |Sunyani Municipal | |- |Owusu Memorial Hospital |Sunyani |Sunyani Municipal | |- |Acherensua Government Hospital |Acherensua |Asutifi | |- |District Hospital |Kwame Danso |Sene West | |- |Star of Light Hospital[Private] |Sankore |Asunafo South | |- |A1 Hospital[Private] |Sankore |Asunafo South | |- |Sankore Health Centre |Sankore |Asunafo South | |- |Valley View Adventist Hospital |Techiman |Techiman Municipal | |- |SDA Hospital |Sunyani |Sunyani Municipal | |- |Happy Hospital |Berekum |Berekum Municipal | |} == Central Region == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website ! |- |Ankaful Leprosy/General Hospital |Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan | | rowspan="20" | |- |Ankaful Psychiatric Hospital |Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan | |- |Catholic Hospital |Apam |Gomoa West |apamhospital.com |- |Cape Coast Teaching Hospital |Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan | |- |District Hospital |Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan | |- |Doctors-In-Service Clinic |Abura,Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan |www.doctorsinservice.com |- |District Hospital |Saltpond |Mfantsiman Municipal | |- |Dunkwa Goldfields Hospital |Dunkwa-on-Offin |Upper Denkyira | |- |Dunkwa Governmental Hospital |Dunkwa-on-Offin |Upper Denkyira | |- |Government Hospital |Abura-Dunkwa |Abura/Asebu/Kwamankese | |- |Government Hospital |Agona Swedru |Agona West Municipal | |- |Government Hospital |Winneba |Effutu Municipal | |- |Mission Trinity Hospital |Winneba |Effutu Municipal | |- |Our Lady of Grace Hospital |Breman Asikuma |Asikuma/Odoben/Brakwa | |- |Saint Francis Xavier Hospital Hospital |Assin Foso |Assin North Municipal | |- |Presbyterian Hospital |Twifo Praso |Twifo/Heman/Lower Denkyira | |- |University Hospital |Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan | |- |Joecarl Medical Centre |Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan | |- |Pakphase Medical Center |Cape Coast |Cape Coast Metropolitan | |- |Hope Christian Hospital |Gomoa Fetteh |Gomoa East District |www.hope-christian-hospital.webnode.com |- |Wesley Clinic |Kasoa |Awutu Senya East Municipal |www.wesleyclinicgh.com | |} == Eastern Region == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website !Maps |- |G.E Health Centre |Adweso, Koforidua |New-Juaben Municipal | | rowspan="19" | |- |Government Hospital |Akuse |Lower Manya Krobo | |- |Government Hospital |Akim Swedru |Birim South | |- |Government Hospital |Akim Oda |Birim Central Municipal | |- |Government Hospital |Atua, Odumase Krobo |Lower Manya Krobo |atuagovernmenthospital.com |- |Government Hospital |Begoro |Fanteakwa | |- |Government Hospital |Kibi |East Akim Municipal | |- |Government Hospital |Nsawam |Akuapim South Municipal | |- |Government Hospital |Suhum |Suhum/Kraboa/Coaltar | |- |Holy Family Hospital |Nkawkaw |Kwahu West Municipal | |- |Regional Hospital |Koforidua |New-Juaben Municipal | |- |Kwahu Government Hospital |Atibie |Kwahu South | |- |Presbyterian Hospital |Donkorkrom |Kwahu North | |- |Saint Dominic's Hospital |Akwatia |Kwaebibirem | |- |Saint Joseph's Hospital |Effiduase-Koforidua |New-Juaben Municipal | |- |Saint Martins Hospital |Agormanya |Lower Manya Krobo | |- |Suhum Government Hospital |Suhum |Suhum/Kraboa/Coaltar | |- |Tetteh Quarshie Memorial Hospital |Akuapim-Mampong |Akuapim North | |- |Volta River Authority Hospital, Akosombo |Akosombo |Asuogyaman | |} == Greater Accra Region == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website ! |- |Accra Psychiatric Hospital |Adabraka |Accra Metropolitan |accrapsychiatrichospital.org | rowspan="88" | |- |Impact Medical and Diagnostic Centre |Asylum Down |Accra Metropolitan |www.impactclinic.com.gh |- |Achimota Hospital |Achimota |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Vision Hospital |Oyarifa East |Accra Metropolitan |- |Hill Top Surgical Hospital |Achimota |Accra Metropolitan |hilltopsurgicalhospital.ga |- |Airport Women's Hospital |Airport Residential Area, Accra |Accra Metropolitan |airportwomenshospital.com |- |Narh-Bita Hospital |Tema |Tema Metropolitan | |- |Christian care center |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Dodowa District Hospital |Dodowa |Dangme West | |- |Crown Medical Centre |Adenta West, Accra |Accra Metropolitan |[1] |- |Del International Hospital |East Legon |Accra Metropolitan |delinternationalhospital.org |- |Eden Family Hospital |North Kaneshie |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Egon German Clinic (Obstetrics & Gynecology) |Abelenkpe |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Family Heal Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Finney Hospital and Fertility Centre |Weija |Ga South Municipal |finneyhospital.com |- |District Hospital |Abokobi |Ga East Municipal | |- |Gbegbe Royal Community Clinic |Agege Last Stop, Gbegbeyise, Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Korle Bu Teaching Hospital |Korle Gonno, Accra |Accra Metropolitan |KBTH |- |LEKMA Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |C&J General Hospital |Sakumono |Accra Metropolitan | |- |La General Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Lapaz Community Hospital |Abeka-Lapaz |Accra Metropolitan |lapazcommunityhospital.org |- |Lister Hospital |Airport Hills, Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Manna Mission Hospital |Teshie-Nungua |Ledzokuku-Krowor Municipal | |- |Military Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |North Ridge Clinic |North Ridge Residential Area, North Ridge |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Nyaho Medical Centre |Airport Residential Area, Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Pantang Hospital |Pantang |Ga East Municipal | |- |Police Hospital |Cantonments |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Prilway Specialist Clinic |Madina |Ga East Municipal | |- |Prime Care Medical Centre |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Princess Marie Louise Hospital (Children's Hospital) |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Health Care Center & Clinic of Cantonments |Cantonments |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Raphal Medical Center |Community 10, Tema |Tema Metropolitan | |- |Ridge Regional Hospital |North Ridge |Accra Metropolitan | |- |1st Global Hospital |Nungua |Ledzokuku-Krowor Municipal | |- |Shalom Medical Center |North Ridge |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Tema General Hospital |Tema |Tema Metropolitan | |- |Tema Polyclinic |Tema |Tema Metropolitan | |- |Tema Women's Hospital |Tema |Tema Metropolitan | |- |The Trust Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan |The Trust Hospital |- |University Hospital |Legon |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Valco Hospital |Tema |Tema Metropolitan | |- |Provita Specialist Hospital |Tema |Tema Metropolitan |provitaspecialisthospital.com<sup>[usurped]</sup> |- |Holy Trinity hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Jubail Specialist Hospital |Sakumono |Tema Metropolitan | |- |Justab Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Atta Quarshie Memorial Hospital |Odogono, Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Efah Victory Clinic |Pig Farm, Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |North Legon Hospital |North Legon (Off Hatso Road) |Accra Metropolitan | |- |St John's Hospital & Fertility Centre |Tantra Hill Roundabout, Accra |Accra Metropolitan |stjohnsgh.com |- |Sakumono Community Multiplex Hospital |Sakumono |Tema Metropolitan | |- |The Community Hospital |Ashongman |Ga East Municipal |the community hospitals.org |- |King David Hospital |Sakumono |Accra Metropolitan | |- |New Hope Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Kalbi Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Greater Grace Hospital |Pantang |Accra Metropolitan | |- |New Ashongman Hospital |Ashongman |Ga East Municipal | |- |Sam J Specialist Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |International Health Care Centre |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Pentecost Hospital, Madina |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Akai House Clinic |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |VRA Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Kumoji Hospital |Labone |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Cantonments Hospital |Cantonments |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Medifem Hospital |Westlands/West Legon-Haatso road, Legon |Accra Metropolitan |medifemhospital.com |- |Inkoom Hospital |Baatsonaa, Nungua |Ledzokuku-Krowor Municipal | |- |Bengali Hospital |Tema |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Caiquo Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Sinel Specialist Hospital (Specialist Hospital) |Tema |Accra Metropolitan | |- |New Crystal Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Rofhi Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Baatsona Good Shepherd Medical Centre |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |VEBS Medical Centre |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Family Health Hospital |Teshie |Ledzokuku-Krowor Municipal | |- |Bethel Hospital |Tema |Accra Metropolitan | |- |KariKari Brobbey Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Gbegbe Royal Community Clinic |Gbegbe |Ga South Municipal | |- |Vicom Specialist Hospital (Specialist Hospital) |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Lighthouse Mission Hospital |North Kaneshie |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Otobia Memorial Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Royal Good Shepherd Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Obengfo Hospital |Accra |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Opmann Clinic |Abeka-Lapaz |Accra Metropolitan | |- |Bemuah Royal Hospital |East Legon, Legon |Accra Metropolita |bemuah hospitals.com |- |A&A Medlove Medical Centre |Parakuo estate Abokobi |GA East | |- |Aneeja Hospital |Achimota-Tantra Hill |GA West Municipal | |} Shiloh Medical Center Ningo Prampram district- Dangme West Municipal == Northern Region == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website ! |- |Baptist Medical Centre |Nalerigu |East Mamprusi | | rowspan="21" | |- |Binde Medical Centre |Binde |Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo District | |- |Catholic Hospital |Tamale Global Medical Service Tamale Metropolitan|}| Tamale Metropolitan | |- |Newlife Clinic and Laboratory |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan | |- |Haj Adams Medical Centre |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan | |- |Habana Medical Service |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan |www.habanaclinic.com |- |Kabsad Hospital |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan | |- |District Hospital |Bole |Bole | |- |District Hospital |Yendi |Yendi Municipal | |- |East Gonja District Hospital |Salaga |East Gonja | |- |Regional Hospital(Central) |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan | |- |Saboba Medical Centre |Saboba |Saboba Chereponi |sabobamedicalcentre.net |- |Seventh-Day Adventist Hospital |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan | |- |Tamale Teaching Hospital |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan |www.tamaleteachinghospital.org |- |University for Development Studies Hospital |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan | |- |West Gonja District Hospital |Damongo |West Gonja | |- |West Hospital |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan | |- |West Mamprusi District Hospital |Walewale |West Mamprusi | |- |Savelugu Municipal Hospital |Savelugu |Savelugu | |- |Modern Surgical Hospital |Savelugu |Savelugu | |- |Bruham Medical Centre |Savelugu |Savelugu | |- |The King's Medical Centre |Bontanga |Kumbungu District |[2] | |- |Kpandai District Hospital |Kpandai |Kpandai District | | |- |Karaga District Hospital |Karaga |Karaga District | | |- |Zabzugu Tatale District Hospital |Zabzugu |Zabzugu Tatale District | | |- |Aisha Hospital |Tamale |Tamale Metropolitan |[3] |<nowiki>Global Medical Service Tamale Metropolitan|}|-</nowiki> |} == Upper East Region == [edit] {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website ! |- |Bongo Hospital |Bongo |Bongo | | rowspan="6" | |- |Presbyterian Hospital |Bawku |Bawku Municipal |<nowiki>http://www.vriendenvanbawku.nl/</nowiki> |- |Regional Hospital |Bolgatanga |Bolgatanga Municipal | |- |Sandema Hospital |Sandema |Builsa | |- |War Memorial Hospital |Navrongo |Kassena-Nankana | |- |Zebilla Hospital |Zebilla |Bawku West | |} == Upper West Region == [edit] {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website ! |- |Ahmadiyya Muslim Hospital |Kaleo |Nadowli | | rowspan="10" | |- |Ahmadiyya Muslim Clinic |Wa |Wa Municipal | |- |Jirapa Hospital |Jirapa |Jirapa/Lambussie | |- |Lawra Hospital |Lawra |Lawra | |- |Nadowli Hospital |Nadowli |Nadowli | |- |Nandom Hospital |Nandom |Nandom | |- |Regional Hospital |Wa |Wa Municipal | |- |Saint Joseph's Hospital |Jirapa |Jirapa/Lambussie | |- |Saint Theresa's Hospital |Nandom |Nandom | |- |Tumu Hospital |Tumu |Sissala East | |- |Virtue Medical Centre |Tumu |Sissala East | | |} Islamic Hospital Wa Municipal == Volta Region == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website ! |- |Ketu South Municipal Hospital |Aflao |Ketu South | | rowspan="23" | |- |Anfoega Catholic Hospital |Anfoega |Kpando | |- |Catholic Hospital |Aveyime-Battor |North Tongu |- |Richard Novati Catholic Hospital (Comboni Centre) |Sogakope |South Tongu |rnch.org |- |District Hospital |Nkwanta |Nkwanta South | |- |Evangelical Presbyterian Church Hospital |Adidome |North Tongu | |- |Evangelical Presbyterian Church Hospital |Worawora |Jasikan | |- |Government Hospital |Kete Krachi |Krachi West | |- |Government Hospital |Sogakope |South Tongu | |- |Hohoe District Hospital |Hohoe |Hohoe Municipal | |- |Keta District Hospital |Keta |Keta Municipal | |- |Margret Marquart Catholic Hospital |Kpando |Kpando | |- |Mary Theresa Hospital |Dodi Papase |Kadjebi | |- |Municipal Hospital |Ho |Ho Municipal | |- |Peki Government Hospital |Peki |South Dayi | |- |Regional Hospital |Ho |Ho Municipal | |- |Sacred Heart Hospital |Weme, Abor |Keta Municipal | |- |Saint Anthony's Hospital |Dzodze |Ketu North | |- |Saint Joseph's Hospital |Nkwanta |Nkwanta South | |- |Adidome Government Hospital |Adidome |North Tongu | |- |Jasikan District Hospital |Jasikan |Jasikan | |- |Worawora District Hospital |Worawora |Jasikan | |- |New Hope Clinic |Viepe, Aflao |Ketu South | |- |Central Aflao Hospital |Avoeme, Aflao |Ketu South | |- |Wellspan Health |Aborkutsime, Abor |Keta Municipal |[4] | |} == Western Region == [edit] {| class="wikitable sortable" !Hospital !City / Town / Village !District !Website ! |- |Abdul Baki Specialist Hospital |Takoradi |Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan | | rowspan="15" | |- |Bibiani Government Hospital |Bibiani |Bibiani/Anhwiaso/Bekwai | |- |Sycamore Medical Centre |Adientem, Takoradi |Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan | |- |Christina Adcock and Sons Christian Hospital |Ateiku, Wassa-Akropong |Wasa Amenfi East | |- |Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital |Takoradi |Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan | |- |Essikado Hospital |Takoradi |Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan | |- |Father Thomas Alan Rooney Memorial Hospital |Asankragua |Wasa Amenfi West |- |Nagel Memorial Hospital |Takoradi |Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan | |- |Nana Hima Dekyi Hospital |Dixcove |Ahanta West | |- |Saint John of God Hospital |Wiawso |Sefwi-Wiawso | |- |Saint Martin de Porres Hospital |Eikwe |Nzema East Municipal |eikwe-hospital.org |- |Seventh-Day Adventist Clinic |Suaman-Dadieso, Enchi |Aowin/Suaman | |- |Tarkwa Government Hospital |Tarkwa |Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipal |- |Fountain Care Hospital |Sampa |Jaman North | |- |Glado Dental Clinic |Takoradi |Sekondi-Takoradi | |} == Leo kaa kye == [edit] * National Health Insurance Scheme (Ghana == External links == [edit] * List of Best Dental Clinics In Ghana Helpinghana.com * Ghana Health Service Official Website * The Health Sector in Ghana - Facts and Figures 2005 * Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana - List of HIV/AIDS service providers in Ghana * Christian Health Association of Ghana Annual Report: JUNE 2005 - MAY 2006 * Ghana Medical Association Regional List * Ghana Eye Foundation == Sumbu Yijie == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] 5mksso2tqskbjt0dpln3jy14n5okjw0 0 3563749 6685697 6669763 2025-06-13T23:56:37Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685697 wikitext text/x-wiki '''G, au g''', Nu a̱yet zu̱zzwa a̱nba̱tu̱yring an zu̱zzwa du̱twang Latin, ba n yya pfwong an shong bu̱ nwap nzaan a̱zuka̱pfuuň. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] tu2srnuvd9b87r9ga4s32zll3vu2faw 0 3563823 6685694 6669769 2025-06-13T23:55:21Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685694 wikitext text/x-wiki '''gb''' A̱yet ka̱ ba̱n tswa du̱wan ka nwap nzaan an nwap Afirika ba n yya pfwong a̱n dyaat nkyang nzaan ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] dibvik6vk34b3g8rpjdwhhn7r733p3o 0 3563995 6685677 6669797 2025-06-13T23:47:37Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685677 wikitext text/x-wiki '"'L au l, A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang a̱nbaswak bu̱ a̱hwa a Latin bu̱ kpit nwap kasa na. Ba za yei a̱zanshong ka el (yei /ˈɛl/ EL), ka̱tswa els.[1] [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] 4poctn12lao3n45hz531xhk19t1ofkr 0 3564429 6685689 6669783 2025-06-13T23:53:12Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''I or i''', Nu a̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang a̱nba̱kumbvuyring wwon a̱yet ka̱won du̱wan a̱nba̱tat an wap Latin bu̱ kpit nwap nzaan. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] ouj4o6pbhxgyeuoolw1l5e8qujv3x12 0 3564430 6685690 6669774 2025-06-13T23:54:18Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''H au h''', A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang a̱nba̱nunai an zuzzwa du̱twang Latin. Ba nyya pfwong an shong bu̱ nwap nzaan a̱zuka̱pffun. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] 3mkjb5o92ddm2fboqxxljdibf9g56ha 0 3564431 6685686 6669785 2025-06-13T23:51:50Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685686 wikitext text/x-wiki '''J, a̱u j, A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang a̱nba swak (10) an zu̱zzwa du̱twang Latin, ba n yya pfwong a nshong bu̱ nwap nzaan ka̱pffun. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] ngztcn36pxzmjf4ai2i4f31z1c8n2vn 0 3564434 6685676 6669803 2025-06-13T23:46:12Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685676 wikitext text/x-wiki '''M''' Nu̱ a̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang a̱nba swak bu̱ a̱tat (13) an zuzzwa Latin, nu̱ u̱ ta̱t a̱ssu shong, nu̱ ạ̱kpak nwap na̱nkrang Ba̱shong bu̱ kpit bā̱̇nyet a ban yya pfwong. Du̱yrek ti a̱n shong ji yet "em". [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] i3jd628uyvjamhnqxrs5b0w4nhvxrjx 0 3564440 6685682 6669789 2025-06-13T23:49:54Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685682 wikitext text/x-wiki '''K, au k''', A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang a̱nba swak bu̱ a̱yring (11) ka̱yat zu̱zzwa du̱twang Latin ji. Ba nyya pfwong a nshong bu̱ nwap nzaan u ka̱sa ka ka̱pffun. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] nc2dez3qg9gfxew0ria0ah5uptl0byw 0 3564441 6685672 6649214 2025-06-13T23:44:37Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685672 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ny''' A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱wan du̱twang ji sshi a̱ nwap nzaan ni. U̱ yet bu̱ kaba̱ntswa du̱wan ka a̱ ssang du̱ccu nka ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] 440hcjb06upcrocch53o3fsloql2qni 0 3564442 6685357 6669806 2025-06-13T15:48:23Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685357 wikitext text/x-wiki '''O, au o''', Nu a̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱jem a̱nba̱ swak bu̱ a̱pffon, wwon a̱yet a̱nba̱naai u̱ na̱won na̱wan du̱jem a nwap Latin bu̱ shong bu̱ nwap nzaan na ba n yya pfwong ka̱pffun u̱ ka̱sa ka ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] 9wser0quseh901u493q3bv5j8hvdxoq 6685670 6685357 2025-06-13T23:43:06Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''O, au o''', Nu a̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱jem a̱nba̱ swak bu̱ a̱pffon, wwon a̱yet a̱nba̱naai u̱ na̱won na̱wan du̱jem a nwap Latin bu̱ shong bu̱ nwap nzaan na ba nyya pfwong ka̱pffun u̱ ka̱sa ka ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] gcyw9vor50wafui71ai28wbgfoago11 0 3564477 6685356 6669810 2025-06-13T15:46:57Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685356 wikitext text/x-wiki '''P a̱u p''' A̱yet zu̱zzwa a̱n ba̱ swak bu̱ a̱kutat zu̱zzwa a̱n yyi latin zu̱zzwa, ban yya pfwong an shong, bu̱ kpit zu̱zzwa ji aza̱gbang ka̱za Yurop bu kpit nwap ka̱sa na.Du̱yrek ti an shong a̱yet pee (ba yei /ˈpiː/), ka̱tswa pees. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] duhj14oxbi4mibfr74it0kmw0f3q60z 0 3564478 6685352 6669814 2025-06-13T15:44:23Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685352 wikitext text/x-wiki ʼʼʼPf''' Ban yya pfwong u̱ jamani yyi /pf/, da̱ ni. Pférd "tsaap" A̱pfél "du̱sum ka̱kon apul", bu̱ knopf "a̱bottu̱n" u̱ du̱ryem shong, ba kkwak zu̱zzwa twang ji ni nyyai Jaman, a̱ ssa̱ng u̱ /f/ da̱ ni pfyiza ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] 2ybcuf707vrwacco4k5w1cc665074yc 0 3564479 6685351 6669821 2025-06-13T15:42:57Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685351 wikitext text/x-wiki '''R a̱u r''' A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang swak bu̱ a̱nunaai (18) an zu̱zzwa du̱jem Latin, ban yya pfwong an zu̱zzwa du̱ryem nshong bu̱ zu̱zzwa jem kpit nwap ka̱tak Yurop bu̱ sa̱rei ka̱sa ka. Du̱yrek ti an shong yet ar (ba yei /ˈɑːr/), ka̱tswa ka ars,[1] a̱u Ira̱lan a̱u (/ˈɔːr/). [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] j41292ued2wjmv42t2ddjnwb4xvq0x6 0 3564493 6686005 6674520 2025-06-14T06:11:40Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686005 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} bagèan [[Wt/bew/puun|puun]] nyang [[Wt/bew/nyelesep|nyelesep]] ke dalem [[Wt/bew/tana|tana]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Akar|pbat=8}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|pey}}== {{Wt/bew/head|pey}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|pey}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|akar}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] 7qilmqccad9q9mzrohasr647u5a6mpa 0 3564922 6686167 6672593 2025-06-14T11:09:57Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q105282215}} '''Dahiru Yahaya''' (30 hya kwa 1947 – 3 fa hya sudan 2021) ndgya Nigerian academic, educator ba historian, najanprofessor ni History, ba dugal ni History Department of Bayero University, Kano. == Early life and education == == career == == Death == == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q105282215}} h1302r7f03nkjtyaw93z78fmy6pg0qu 0 3565132 6685340 6669841 2025-06-13T15:32:41Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685340 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Z, au z''' A̱yet zu̱zzwa anba nswak nhwa bu̱ a̱kutat an zu̱zzwa du̱twang, wwon a̱yet ka̱zzwang zu̱zzwa an wap Latin, bu̱ shong bu̱ nwap nzaan a̱zu-ka̱pffun. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] s7956sgr38xhjmcy5hj42qw6vp9azmx 0 3565136 6685342 6669842 2025-06-13T15:34:01Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685342 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Y, au y''', A̱yet zu̱zzwa a̱nba nswak nhwa bu̱ a̱pffon an zu̱zzwa du̱jem nwap Latin, bu̱ shong bu̱ nwap nzaan na ka̱pffun. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] j32fy6weez85cy8n3mgvxugcn2q9plh 0 3565138 6685343 6669840 2025-06-13T15:35:17Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685343 wikitext text/x-wiki '''W, au w''', A̱yet zu̱zzuwa du̱jem amba̱ nswak nhwa bu̱ a̱tat an wap Latin, bu̱ shong, bu̱ nwap nzaan na n sshi ka̱pffun ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] nrdxbe0ieq5ukkriymqkm9h5x88q317 0 3565139 6685346 6669838 2025-06-13T15:37:51Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685346 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U, au u''', A̱yet anba nswak nhwa bu̱ a̱yring an zu̱zzwa du̱twang wwon a̱yet a̱nba pffon ka̱won du̱jem a nwap Latin, bu̱ shong, bu̱ nwap nzaan ka̱pffun. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] lt1bjyc2xmuhplerbwo0xpoyzrj6ayt 0 3565140 6685349 6669823 2025-06-13T15:40:37Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685349 wikitext text/x-wiki '''T, au t''', A̱yet anba nswak nhwa zu̱zzwa du̱jem a nwap Latin, bu̱ shong, bu̱ nwap nzaan u̱ ka̱sa ka a̱zuka̱pffun. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] eihbvguwz29vvjtjvn8u0rlppontycr 0 3565173 6685347 6669827 2025-06-13T15:39:08Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685347 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<ts''' A̱yet cincong zu̱zzwa du̱jem ji ban yya pfwong a nwap Latin bu̱ nwap nzaan da̱ni di kpat ni, zu na ssang du̱ccu n ti a̱katyyi 't' bu̱ 'u' [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] ot10em9dh82q3zpym4d9cylkpio96l0 0 3565175 6685354 6669822 2025-06-13T15:45:39Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685354 wikitext text/x-wiki '''S, au, s,''' A̱yet zu̱zzwa a̱nba swak bu̱ a̱kumbvuyring an zu̱zzwa du̱jem Latin bu̱ nwap nzaan na ba nyya pfwong ka̱pffun ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] . nqshdogy40l1de4l0mh3biigygby6f5 0 3565176 6685350 6669834 2025-06-13T15:41:47Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685350 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' , Sh,''' A̱yet ka̱ba̱n tswa zu̱zzwa du̱jem, a̱yet du̱wan an zuzzwa du̱jem nwap Latin ni,ba na ka ssha ku ba mon 's' bu̱ 'h'. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] fdomuf8okulivwo8c8q2kseo80cagqp 0 3565183 6685345 6669839 2025-06-13T15:36:30Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685345 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' U̱ au u̱ ''' A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱jem Latin ji byyi ka̱bandang a̱ta̱hwa ka ni. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] ovm00a4rsk0snnr3u1tgxbr7tp0vujh 0 3565184 6685678 6669791 2025-06-13T23:48:35Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685678 wikitext text/x-wiki '''kp''' A̱yet zu̱zzwa du̱twang a nwap nzaan an byrim ka̱byen Afirika. [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] b15det74irrhixf23f6cf1b5rjw64gs 0 3565462 6686159 6672560 2025-06-14T11:03:36Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6686159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q108899232}} '''Bello Bako Dambatta''' (nji yanyi 15 hya kupou sudan fa 1950 or [[Wp/mrt/Kano|Kano]], [[Wp/mrt/Kano State|Kano State]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]]) ndgya Nigerian chemist ba university administrator. Asa darja aga [[Wp/mrt/Vice-chancellor|vice-chancellor]] ni [[Wp/mrt/Bayero University|Bayero University]], [[Wp/mrt/Kano|Kano]] hearo 1995 har1999. == Education and career == == Honored == == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q108899232}} gkl6gf743i5kdd1n6si2sr6hj2rpj6x 10 3565741 6685255 6684857 2025-06-13T14:32:35Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685255 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="clear:both">{{#switch:{{{liat|}}}|{{{liat}}}=<div style="display: block; border:1px solid #AAA; background:#FFF"><div style="background:#E8F9FA; margin:2px; padding:2px 6px 2px 6px;"><b>{{{1|}}}</b>&nbsp;—&nbsp;<i>liat</i> <b>[[Wt/bew/{{{liat}}}#Tarjiman|{{{liat}}}]]</b></div></div></div>|#default=<div class="boilerplate metadata vfd xfd-closed mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="tarjiman &#x25BC;" data-collapsetext="tarjiman &#x25B2;" style="display: block; border:1px solid #AAA; background:#FFF;"><div style="background:#E8F9FA; margin:2px; padding:2px 6px 2px 6px;"><b>{{{1|}}}</b></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="background:#FAFAFA; border-top:1px solid #AAA; padding:4px 0 4px 8px; font-size:90%;">{{Wt/bew/col|colwidth=20em}}}} <noinclude>{{Wt/bew/col-end}}</div></div> {{Documentation}} {{INTERWIKI|Q30528422}} </noinclude> pdvqdkbcmcdh591qdesnndz3zamixx9 6685943 6685255 2025-06-14T05:36:51Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685943 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="overflow: auto;">{{#switch:{{{liat|}}}|{{{liat}}}=<div style="display: block; border:1px solid #AAA; background:#FFF"><div style="background:#E8F9FA; margin:2px; padding:2px 6px 2px 6px;"><b>{{{1|}}}</b>&nbsp;—&nbsp;<i>liat</i> <b>[[Wt/bew/{{{liat}}}#Tarjiman|{{{liat}}}]]</b></div></div></div>|#default=<div class="boilerplate metadata vfd xfd-closed mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="tarjiman &#x25BC;" data-collapsetext="tarjiman &#x25B2;" style="display: block; border:1px solid #AAA; background:#FFF;"><div style="background:#E8F9FA; margin:2px; padding:2px 6px 2px 6px;"><b>{{{1|}}}</b></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="background:#FAFAFA; border-top:1px solid #AAA; padding:4px 0 4px 8px; font-size:90%;">{{Wt/bew/col|colwidth=20em}}}} <noinclude>{{Wt/bew/col-end}}</div></div> {{Documentation}} {{INTERWIKI|Q30528422}} </noinclude> slmc05ar12b8m032san8kqbg3a7d9x8 0 3566458 6685338 6658772 2025-06-13T15:31:15Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adid Ababa''' Nu a̰yet Ka̱kpri du̱tyok Itopyya bu̱ oromia. A̰ byi tswa a̱nyeyyu milion a̱hwa, cci kop cci atiyring bu̱ nswak tat bu̱ a̱ninai cci tswan bu nswak pfwon bu a̱yring(2,739,551 a du̱twang tswa ba̱nyyeyu a ka̱nkrang ba yin twang a du̱rya cci kop swa bu̱ atuyring (2007) census, ā̱ bvo yet a̰gbadang ka̱nkrang u̱ kabyen ka a̱bvo yet amba swak bu̱ a̱yring (11) a̱gba̱dang ka̰nkrang a̱ Afirika. A̱did A̱baba a̱yet azazzak sasai abvo yet a̱zazzak capri au kolcural, artistic, financial bu capri dutyok Ethiopia. Kasa sarai abvo nanyet a̱gbadang/azazzak kankrang a̱ Afirika. '''Quick Facts''' Country, Founded ... unkaang bvwa Ā̇did A̱baba a̱nyaai naat a̱kbum 19th sencury by Menelik II, Negus of Shewa, aduyra 1886 karam ay ba kan shyya duhwan Entoto ti [[Category:Wp/kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] 5hnqopoqkturwsme2tfn91t39dh4jg3 0 3567143 6685242 6684491 2025-06-13T13:26:37Z Abukampeteradamu 2603624 6685242 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nenadi Esther Usman''' (born 12 November 1966) Ba yin ku byin ka̱tuk swak bu a̱hwa a̱hwan swak bu yring u̱ du̱ryya cci kop jring bu̱ cci a̱kumbvuyring bu̱ nswak a̱kutat bu̱ a̱kutat (12/11/1966). Ka̱won siyasa Naijeriya a̱mi abbo yin yet a̱gba̱dang minista a̱nyyi krum. Ba̱ yin ku tssa na̱ yet senato a̱nyyi ka̱byen nyyai ka̱tak A̱kaduna. A̱yin nwwa du̱twang ti njat wwon a̱ bu̱ bra̱k a̱ ba̱ Grok a̱ bvo bu̱ nwwa brak a̱ nat Jat a̱ su nwwã Ka̱kpri du̱twang Agbodang ka̱kpri Gomnati Tungtyi. Ku̱ cong bu̱ tat na shya kpa a̱gba̱dang du̱twang ka̱kpri a̱nbatat nu na nyyai Ahmadi Bello University (A B U) Zaria, a̱ bvo nsak a̱yaan nyai nJat. Nu a yi yet akwak ason nu ka̱bvwa npfong Dana kamin a si bu nyet antyuk waat a̱huhwa A̱kaduna u̱ du̱ryya cci kop jring bu̱ cci a̱kumbvuyring bu̱ nswak a̱kumbvuyring bu̱ a̱hwa ki sitet A̱kaduna a̱ si bu syak a nat Abuja. A̱ yin yya a̱tsak nkyang u̱ brang bu̱ ta̱gbak ba̱nyring bu̱ ba̱ yrek an dwak ryyi bvwong bu̱ shya kyang nbvak a̱ formation NGO na̱ yei "Education and Empowerment for Women" bu kapri yya dutyok ka shyi Jere a̱ Kaduna Sitet, ma nu̱ a̱yet chairperson a̱yyi "the Coalition of N.G.O's for Women Development in Kaduna State". A̱shyi bu a̱ntyok bu nawao na̱ naai.[4] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Wap/Kaj]] [[Category:Wp/kaj/Jju Wikipedia Outreach]] 4l8ca09x4szfnvvzsf0xx39r2gib9nd 0 3573875 6685220 6685201 2025-06-13T12:38:24Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') е роден през [[Wp/isv/570|570]] или [[Wp/isv/571|571]] г. в гр. [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] в [[Wp/isv/Хиджаз|Хиджаз]] (днешна [[Wp/isv/Саудитска Арабия|Саудитска Арабия]]) – процъфтяващ за времето си търговски център на търговския път, който свързва [[Wp/isv/Йемен|Йемен]] със [[Wp/isv/Средиземноморие|Средиземноморие]]то. Произлиза от рода [[Wp/isv/Бану Хашим|Бану Хашим]] на племето [[Wp/isv/Кораиш|кораиш]], което управлява града. Баща му [[Wp/isv/Абдаллах|Абдаллах]] („раб на Бога“) умира преди раждането му, докато е на търговия в гр. [[Wp/isv/Басра|Басра]] (днешен [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]]). Майка му [[Wp/isv/Амина|Амина]] („благочестива“), го дава за отглеждане на дойка на име [[Wp/isv/Халима|Халима]] (по традиция новородените се давали на дойка от племе, което живее в пустинята, за да израсне здраво, далеч от болестите и [[Wp/isv/Епидемия|епидемиите]] в града), но на 4-годишна възраст, уплашена от чудна случка, известна като „отваряне на гръд“, тя го връща в града при майка му. Когато Мохамед е на 6 г., при пътуване обратно от роднинско гостуване до [[Wp/isv/Медина|Медина]], загубва майка си след нейно заболяване и отива при дядо си [[Wp/isv/Абд ал Мутталиб|Абд ал Мутталиб]], който умира след още 2 г. Бъдещият пророк остава под закрилата на чичо си [[Wp/isv/Абу Талиб|Абу Талиб]]. Когато Мухамед е на 12 г., пътува заедно с чичо си по търговия до [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]]. Близо до Басра минават покрай обиталището на християнски отшелник на име [[Wp/isv/Бахира|Бахира]], който пожелава да се срещне с керванджиите, за да им каже, че с тях пътува бъдещ пророк. През [[Wp/isv/595|595]] г. Мухаммед се връща в [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] и става пастир. По онова време родът на пророка има финансови затруднения и затова той започва работа като керванджия за богатата вдовица [[Wp/isv/Хадиджа|Хадиджа]] (или Хатиджа на [[Wp/isv/Турски|турски]]), наследила 2 съпрузи. Тя е толкова впечатлена от качествата на Мохамед, че му поисква ръката. От нея той има четири дъщери и двама внуци – Ал-Хасан и Ал-Хусейн. Двамата, заедно с четиримата първи халифи на вярата, самия Аллах и пророка Мохамед се изписват като 8-те [[Wp/isv/Тугри|тугри]] в купола на всяка [[Wp/isv/Джамия|джамия]]. По отношение на поклонението към тленните останки на наследниците на Пророка възникват различията между [[Wp/isv/Шиити|шиити]]те (от ''шаиат Али'' или „другарите на Али“ – поклонници на преданието, произлизащо от Али, зетя на Мохамед и негов първи братовчед) и [[Wp/isv/Сунити|сунити]]те (смятащи, че връзката между Аллах и хората трябва да бъде чрез текстовете на Корана и проповедта на Мохамед). Когато наближава 40-ата му годишнина, все още липсват външни признаци, че е забележителна личност. По онова време повечето араби са [[Wp/isv/Езичници|езичници]], вярващи в много божества. == Откровения == Около [[Wp/isv/610|610]] г. Мохамед започва да се уединява в пещерата Хира на планината Нур в околностите на Мека по време на месец [[Wp/isv/Рамадан|Рамадан]]. Там той пости и се отдава на молитви. Една нощ е посетен от [[Wp/isv/Архангел|архангел]] [[Wp/isv/Габриел|Гавраил]] (Джибрил), който му заповядва: ''„Чети“'' или ''„Рецитирай“''. Според ислямската традиция Мохамед е неграмотен и не може да чете. Впечатлен от случката, той се връща при Хадиджа, която го признава за [[Wp/isv/Пророк|пророк]] и приема [[Wp/isv/Исляма|исляма]]. Скоро тя е последвана от едва 10-годишния братовчед на Мохамед [[Wp/isv/Али ибн Аби Талиб|Али]] и близкия приятел на пророка [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]]. В продължение на дълги години Джибрил разкрива на пророка Божието слово – съдържанието на [[Wp/isv/Коран|Коран]]а. Мохамед проповядва 3 г. само на близки приятели и познати. После, към [[Wp/isv/613|613]] г., се отдава на публични [[Wp/isv/Проповед|проповед]]и. == Хиджра == Когато започва да печели привърженици, властите в Мека започват да го смятат за опасен. Мохамед се чувства застрашен и през 622 г. се преселва в град [[Wp/isv/Ясриб|Ясриб]] – Медина (на около 450 километра северно от Мека), където му предлагат убежище. Това преселение, наречено [[Wp/isv/Хиджра|хиджра]], е повратна точка в живота на пророка. От хиджрата започва [[Wp/isv/Ислямски календар|мюсюлманското летоброене]]. В Мека той няма много последователи, но в Медина те са далеч повече и скоро добива влияние, което фактически го прави абсолютен властелин. През следващите няколко години, когато [[Wp/isv/Мюсюлманите|мюсюлманите]] бързо нарастват, се водят редица битки между Медина и Мека. Тази война завършва през [[Wp/isv/630|630]] г. и Мохамед се завръща победоносно в Мека като завоевател. През останалите 2,5 г. от живота му [[Wp/isv/Араби|арабските племена]] бързо се приобщават към новата религия. == Експанзия на исляма == Когато умира в понеделник [[Wp/isv/8 юни|8 юни]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] г., Мохамед е вече истински управник на цяла Южна Арабия. [[Wp/isv/Бедуини|Бедуинските племена]] в [[Wp/isv/Арабски полуостров|Арабия]] се славят като безстрашни воини, ала те са малобройни и раздирани от разединение и междуособни битки, не могат да се мерят с по-големите армии на кралствата, установили се в [[Wp/isv/Земеделие|земеделските]] райони на север. Обединени от Мохамед за първи път в историята и вдъхновявани от пламенната си вяра в [[Wp/isv/Монотеизъм|един-единствен бог]], тези арабски бойци се впускат в поредица от най-изумителни завоевания в човешката история. На североизток от Арабия лежи обширната ново[[Wp/isv/Персийска империя|персийска империя]] на [[Wp/isv/Сасаниди|Сасаниди]]те; далеч на северозапад е [[Wp/isv/Византия|Византия]], или [[Wp/isv/Източната римска империя|Източната римска империя]] с център [[Wp/isv/Константинопол|Константинопол]]. Количествено арабите не могат да се сравняват с противниците си. Обаче на бойното поле положението е съвсем различно и въодушевените араби бързо завладяват цяла [[Wp/isv/Месопотамия|Месопотамия]], [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]] и [[Wp/isv/Палестина|Палестина]]. През [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. [[Wp/isv/Египет|Египет]] е откъснат от Византийската империя, а персийските войски са смазани при големите боеве около [[Wp/isv/Битка при Кадисия|Кадисия]] през [[Wp/isv/637|637]] г. и [[Wp/isv/Нефавенд|Нефавенд]] през [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. Но дори тези огромни завоевания, постигнати под ръководството на най-близките приятели и приемници на Мохамед – [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]] и [[Wp/isv/Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб|Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб]], не слагат край на арабското нашествие. През [[Wp/isv/711|711]] г. арабските армии вече са прегазили Северна [[Wp/isv/Африка|Африка]] чак до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]]. Оттам те се насочват на север, преброждат [[Wp/isv/Гибралтарски проток|Гибралтарския проток]] и [[Wp/isv/Арабско-ислямско завоюване на Иберийския полуостров|завладяват Иберийския полуостров]]. Пет години по-късно арабите нападат Константинопол по суша и море, предвождани от Маслама, брат на халиф Сюлейман ибн Абд ал Малик. Те идват с невиждана за епохата армия – 200 000 души и 5000 кораба. По онова време се поражда опасение, че мюсюлманите могат да покорят цяла християнска [[Wp/isv/Европа|Европа]]. След неуспешна едногодишна обсада, през лятото на 718 г. арабите получават свежи сили. Новата войска дебаркира при Абидос в Тракия и поема към Константинопол. Но в решителното сражение българите, под ръководството на [[Wp/isv/Хан Тервел|Хан Тервел]], тотално я разбиват. В прословутата [[Wp/isv/Битка при Поатие|битка при Поатие]] през [[Wp/isv/732|732]] г. мюсюлманските войски, напреднали до средата на днешна [[Wp/isv/Франция|Франция]], са съкрушени от [[Wp/isv/Франки|франки]]те. За по-малко от един век арабите създават империя, която се простира от [[Wp/isv/Индия|Индия]] до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]], каквато светът не е виждал дотогава. И навред, където стъпват мюсюлманските войски, следва масово приобщаване към новата вяра. Не всички завоевания траят дълго. Макар че запазват вярата си в пророка, по-късно персийците си извоюват независимостта от арабите. А след повече от 7 столетия борба християните си възвръщат [[Wp/isv/Иберийския полуостров|Иберийския полуостров]] с [[Wp/isv/Реконкиста|Реконкиста]]та. Месопотамия и Египет, люлки на древна цивилизация, остават за дълго във владение на арабите, които владеят и целия северноафрикански бряг. Ислямът продължава да се разпространява през вековете далеч отвъд границите на първоначалните мюсюлмански завоевания. В наши дни той има десетки милиони последователи в Африка и Централна [[Wp/isv/Азия|Азия]] и дори повече на брой в [[Wp/isv/Пакистан|Пакистан]], Северна Индия и [[Wp/isv/Индонезия|Индонезия]]. Както всички религии ислямът упражнява огромно влияние върху битието на своите последователи. == Влияние == От чисто верско гледище може да се каже, че въздействието на Мохамед върху човешката история е сравнимо с [[Wp/isv/Исус Христос|Исусовото]]. Мохамед, за разлика от Исус, е водеща фигура както от религиозно, така и от светско гледище. Единствените подобни успехи в човешката история са завоеванията на [[Wp/isv/Монголи|монголи]]те през 13 век, които се дължат главно на [[Wp/isv/Чингис хан|Чингис хан]] (''Тимурджин''), на [[Wp/isv/Древна Македония|Древна Македония]] и на [[Wp/isv/Римската империя|Римската империя]]. Макар и по-обширни от арабските, те обаче се оказват по-нетрайни в езиков и общностен смисъл. Арабските завоевания са по-хомогенни, от [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]] до [[Wp/isv/Мароко|Мароко]] се простира цяла верига арабски нации (до голяма степен от арабизирани народи), обединени не само от вярата им в исляма, но и от общия им [[Wp/isv/Арабски език|арабски език]], история и култура. Мохамед е единственият водач в историята, постигнал изключителни успехи както на верско, така и на светско равнище. Макар и със скромен произход, той разпространява една от най-големите религии в света, проявявайки се като извънредно ефикасен политически водач. Мястото на [[Wp/isv/Корана|Корана]] в мюсюлманското вероизповедание и фактът, че той е написан на арабски, сигурно са попречили арабският език да се разпадне на нерарзбираеми помежду им [[Wp/isv/Диалект|диалект]]и, което иначе би могло да се случи през изминалите 14 века. Арабските завоевания, вдъхновени от Мохамед през 7 век, продължават и днес да играят важна роля в човешката история. == Външни препратки == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] 2n1id2rw7h5m8vssaurqzwfdjw6du2i 6685225 6685220 2025-06-13T12:48:23Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685225 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) <!--| resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}}--> | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') е роден през [[Wp/isv/570|570]] или [[Wp/isv/571|571]] г. в гр. [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] в [[Wp/isv/Хиджаз|Хиджаз]] (днешна [[Wp/isv/Саудитска Арабия|Саудитска Арабия]]) – процъфтяващ за времето си търговски център на търговския път, който свързва [[Wp/isv/Йемен|Йемен]] със [[Wp/isv/Средиземноморие|Средиземноморие]]то. Произлиза от рода [[Wp/isv/Бану Хашим|Бану Хашим]] на племето [[Wp/isv/Кораиш|кораиш]], което управлява града. Баща му [[Wp/isv/Абдаллах|Абдаллах]] („раб на Бога“) умира преди раждането му, докато е на търговия в гр. [[Wp/isv/Басра|Басра]] (днешен [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]]). Майка му [[Wp/isv/Амина|Амина]] („благочестива“), го дава за отглеждане на дойка на име [[Wp/isv/Халима|Халима]] (по традиция новородените се давали на дойка от племе, което живее в пустинята, за да израсне здраво, далеч от болестите и [[Wp/isv/Епидемия|епидемиите]] в града), но на 4-годишна възраст, уплашена от чудна случка, известна като „отваряне на гръд“, тя го връща в града при майка му. Когато Мохамед е на 6 г., при пътуване обратно от роднинско гостуване до [[Wp/isv/Медина|Медина]], загубва майка си след нейно заболяване и отива при дядо си [[Wp/isv/Абд ал Мутталиб|Абд ал Мутталиб]], който умира след още 2 г. Бъдещият пророк остава под закрилата на чичо си [[Wp/isv/Абу Талиб|Абу Талиб]]. Когато Мухамед е на 12 г., пътува заедно с чичо си по търговия до [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]]. Близо до Басра минават покрай обиталището на християнски отшелник на име [[Wp/isv/Бахира|Бахира]], който пожелава да се срещне с керванджиите, за да им каже, че с тях пътува бъдещ пророк. През [[Wp/isv/595|595]] г. Мухаммед се връща в [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] и става пастир. По онова време родът на пророка има финансови затруднения и затова той започва работа като керванджия за богатата вдовица [[Wp/isv/Хадиджа|Хадиджа]] (или Хатиджа на [[Wp/isv/Турски|турски]]), наследила 2 съпрузи. Тя е толкова впечатлена от качествата на Мохамед, че му поисква ръката. От нея той има четири дъщери и двама внуци – Ал-Хасан и Ал-Хусейн. Двамата, заедно с четиримата първи халифи на вярата, самия Аллах и пророка Мохамед се изписват като 8-те [[Wp/isv/Тугри|тугри]] в купола на всяка [[Wp/isv/Джамия|джамия]]. По отношение на поклонението към тленните останки на наследниците на Пророка възникват различията между [[Wp/isv/Шиити|шиити]]те (от ''шаиат Али'' или „другарите на Али“ – поклонници на преданието, произлизащо от Али, зетя на Мохамед и негов първи братовчед) и [[Wp/isv/Сунити|сунити]]те (смятащи, че връзката между Аллах и хората трябва да бъде чрез текстовете на Корана и проповедта на Мохамед). Когато наближава 40-ата му годишнина, все още липсват външни признаци, че е забележителна личност. По онова време повечето араби са [[Wp/isv/Езичници|езичници]], вярващи в много божества. == Откровения == Около [[Wp/isv/610|610]] г. Мохамед започва да се уединява в пещерата Хира на планината Нур в околностите на Мека по време на месец [[Wp/isv/Рамадан|Рамадан]]. Там той пости и се отдава на молитви. Една нощ е посетен от [[Wp/isv/Архангел|архангел]] [[Wp/isv/Габриел|Гавраил]] (Джибрил), който му заповядва: ''„Чети“'' или ''„Рецитирай“''. Според ислямската традиция Мохамед е неграмотен и не може да чете. Впечатлен от случката, той се връща при Хадиджа, която го признава за [[Wp/isv/Пророк|пророк]] и приема [[Wp/isv/Исляма|исляма]]. Скоро тя е последвана от едва 10-годишния братовчед на Мохамед [[Wp/isv/Али ибн Аби Талиб|Али]] и близкия приятел на пророка [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]]. В продължение на дълги години Джибрил разкрива на пророка Божието слово – съдържанието на [[Wp/isv/Коран|Коран]]а. Мохамед проповядва 3 г. само на близки приятели и познати. После, към [[Wp/isv/613|613]] г., се отдава на публични [[Wp/isv/Проповед|проповед]]и. == Хиджра == Когато започва да печели привърженици, властите в Мека започват да го смятат за опасен. Мохамед се чувства застрашен и през 622 г. се преселва в град [[Wp/isv/Ясриб|Ясриб]] – Медина (на около 450 километра северно от Мека), където му предлагат убежище. Това преселение, наречено [[Wp/isv/Хиджра|хиджра]], е повратна точка в живота на пророка. От хиджрата започва [[Wp/isv/Ислямски календар|мюсюлманското летоброене]]. В Мека той няма много последователи, но в Медина те са далеч повече и скоро добива влияние, което фактически го прави абсолютен властелин. През следващите няколко години, когато [[Wp/isv/Мюсюлманите|мюсюлманите]] бързо нарастват, се водят редица битки между Медина и Мека. Тази война завършва през [[Wp/isv/630|630]] г. и Мохамед се завръща победоносно в Мека като завоевател. През останалите 2,5 г. от живота му [[Wp/isv/Араби|арабските племена]] бързо се приобщават към новата религия. == Експанзия на исляма == Когато умира в понеделник [[Wp/isv/8 юни|8 юни]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] г., Мохамед е вече истински управник на цяла Южна Арабия. [[Wp/isv/Бедуини|Бедуинските племена]] в [[Wp/isv/Арабски полуостров|Арабия]] се славят като безстрашни воини, ала те са малобройни и раздирани от разединение и междуособни битки, не могат да се мерят с по-големите армии на кралствата, установили се в [[Wp/isv/Земеделие|земеделските]] райони на север. Обединени от Мохамед за първи път в историята и вдъхновявани от пламенната си вяра в [[Wp/isv/Монотеизъм|един-единствен бог]], тези арабски бойци се впускат в поредица от най-изумителни завоевания в човешката история. На североизток от Арабия лежи обширната ново[[Wp/isv/Персийска империя|персийска империя]] на [[Wp/isv/Сасаниди|Сасаниди]]те; далеч на северозапад е [[Wp/isv/Византия|Византия]], или [[Wp/isv/Източната римска империя|Източната римска империя]] с център [[Wp/isv/Константинопол|Константинопол]]. Количествено арабите не могат да се сравняват с противниците си. Обаче на бойното поле положението е съвсем различно и въодушевените араби бързо завладяват цяла [[Wp/isv/Месопотамия|Месопотамия]], [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]] и [[Wp/isv/Палестина|Палестина]]. През [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. [[Wp/isv/Египет|Египет]] е откъснат от Византийската империя, а персийските войски са смазани при големите боеве около [[Wp/isv/Битка при Кадисия|Кадисия]] през [[Wp/isv/637|637]] г. и [[Wp/isv/Нефавенд|Нефавенд]] през [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. Но дори тези огромни завоевания, постигнати под ръководството на най-близките приятели и приемници на Мохамед – [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]] и [[Wp/isv/Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб|Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб]], не слагат край на арабското нашествие. През [[Wp/isv/711|711]] г. арабските армии вече са прегазили Северна [[Wp/isv/Африка|Африка]] чак до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]]. Оттам те се насочват на север, преброждат [[Wp/isv/Гибралтарски проток|Гибралтарския проток]] и [[Wp/isv/Арабско-ислямско завоюване на Иберийския полуостров|завладяват Иберийския полуостров]]. Пет години по-късно арабите нападат Константинопол по суша и море, предвождани от Маслама, брат на халиф Сюлейман ибн Абд ал Малик. Те идват с невиждана за епохата армия – 200 000 души и 5000 кораба. По онова време се поражда опасение, че мюсюлманите могат да покорят цяла християнска [[Wp/isv/Европа|Европа]]. След неуспешна едногодишна обсада, през лятото на 718 г. арабите получават свежи сили. Новата войска дебаркира при Абидос в Тракия и поема към Константинопол. Но в решителното сражение българите, под ръководството на [[Wp/isv/Хан Тервел|Хан Тервел]], тотално я разбиват. В прословутата [[Wp/isv/Битка при Поатие|битка при Поатие]] през [[Wp/isv/732|732]] г. мюсюлманските войски, напреднали до средата на днешна [[Wp/isv/Франция|Франция]], са съкрушени от [[Wp/isv/Франки|франки]]те. За по-малко от един век арабите създават империя, която се простира от [[Wp/isv/Индия|Индия]] до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]], каквато светът не е виждал дотогава. И навред, където стъпват мюсюлманските войски, следва масово приобщаване към новата вяра. Не всички завоевания траят дълго. Макар че запазват вярата си в пророка, по-късно персийците си извоюват независимостта от арабите. А след повече от 7 столетия борба християните си възвръщат [[Wp/isv/Иберийския полуостров|Иберийския полуостров]] с [[Wp/isv/Реконкиста|Реконкиста]]та. Месопотамия и Египет, люлки на древна цивилизация, остават за дълго във владение на арабите, които владеят и целия северноафрикански бряг. Ислямът продължава да се разпространява през вековете далеч отвъд границите на първоначалните мюсюлмански завоевания. В наши дни той има десетки милиони последователи в Африка и Централна [[Wp/isv/Азия|Азия]] и дори повече на брой в [[Wp/isv/Пакистан|Пакистан]], Северна Индия и [[Wp/isv/Индонезия|Индонезия]]. Както всички религии ислямът упражнява огромно влияние върху битието на своите последователи. == Влияние == От чисто верско гледище може да се каже, че въздействието на Мохамед върху човешката история е сравнимо с [[Wp/isv/Исус Христос|Исусовото]]. Мохамед, за разлика от Исус, е водеща фигура както от религиозно, така и от светско гледище. Единствените подобни успехи в човешката история са завоеванията на [[Wp/isv/Монголи|монголи]]те през 13 век, които се дължат главно на [[Wp/isv/Чингис хан|Чингис хан]] (''Тимурджин''), на [[Wp/isv/Древна Македония|Древна Македония]] и на [[Wp/isv/Римската империя|Римската империя]]. Макар и по-обширни от арабските, те обаче се оказват по-нетрайни в езиков и общностен смисъл. Арабските завоевания са по-хомогенни, от [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]] до [[Wp/isv/Мароко|Мароко]] се простира цяла верига арабски нации (до голяма степен от арабизирани народи), обединени не само от вярата им в исляма, но и от общия им [[Wp/isv/Арабски език|арабски език]], история и култура. Мохамед е единственият водач в историята, постигнал изключителни успехи както на верско, така и на светско равнище. Макар и със скромен произход, той разпространява една от най-големите религии в света, проявявайки се като извънредно ефикасен политически водач. Мястото на [[Wp/isv/Корана|Корана]] в мюсюлманското вероизповедание и фактът, че той е написан на арабски, сигурно са попречили арабският език да се разпадне на нерарзбираеми помежду им [[Wp/isv/Диалект|диалект]]и, което иначе би могло да се случи през изминалите 14 века. Арабските завоевания, вдъхновени от Мохамед през 7 век, продължават и днес да играят важна роля в човешката история. == Външни препратки == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] lyiqsrwekxywbq2uflwi1jqzs7vqmfq 6685226 6685225 2025-06-13T12:49:01Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = <!--| other_names = {{Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}}--> | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') е роден през [[Wp/isv/570|570]] или [[Wp/isv/571|571]] г. в гр. [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] в [[Wp/isv/Хиджаз|Хиджаз]] (днешна [[Wp/isv/Саудитска Арабия|Саудитска Арабия]]) – процъфтяващ за времето си търговски център на търговския път, който свързва [[Wp/isv/Йемен|Йемен]] със [[Wp/isv/Средиземноморие|Средиземноморие]]то. Произлиза от рода [[Wp/isv/Бану Хашим|Бану Хашим]] на племето [[Wp/isv/Кораиш|кораиш]], което управлява града. Баща му [[Wp/isv/Абдаллах|Абдаллах]] („раб на Бога“) умира преди раждането му, докато е на търговия в гр. [[Wp/isv/Басра|Басра]] (днешен [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]]). Майка му [[Wp/isv/Амина|Амина]] („благочестива“), го дава за отглеждане на дойка на име [[Wp/isv/Халима|Халима]] (по традиция новородените се давали на дойка от племе, което живее в пустинята, за да израсне здраво, далеч от болестите и [[Wp/isv/Епидемия|епидемиите]] в града), но на 4-годишна възраст, уплашена от чудна случка, известна като „отваряне на гръд“, тя го връща в града при майка му. Когато Мохамед е на 6 г., при пътуване обратно от роднинско гостуване до [[Wp/isv/Медина|Медина]], загубва майка си след нейно заболяване и отива при дядо си [[Wp/isv/Абд ал Мутталиб|Абд ал Мутталиб]], който умира след още 2 г. Бъдещият пророк остава под закрилата на чичо си [[Wp/isv/Абу Талиб|Абу Талиб]]. Когато Мухамед е на 12 г., пътува заедно с чичо си по търговия до [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]]. Близо до Басра минават покрай обиталището на християнски отшелник на име [[Wp/isv/Бахира|Бахира]], който пожелава да се срещне с керванджиите, за да им каже, че с тях пътува бъдещ пророк. През [[Wp/isv/595|595]] г. Мухаммед се връща в [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] и става пастир. По онова време родът на пророка има финансови затруднения и затова той започва работа като керванджия за богатата вдовица [[Wp/isv/Хадиджа|Хадиджа]] (или Хатиджа на [[Wp/isv/Турски|турски]]), наследила 2 съпрузи. Тя е толкова впечатлена от качествата на Мохамед, че му поисква ръката. От нея той има четири дъщери и двама внуци – Ал-Хасан и Ал-Хусейн. Двамата, заедно с четиримата първи халифи на вярата, самия Аллах и пророка Мохамед се изписват като 8-те [[Wp/isv/Тугри|тугри]] в купола на всяка [[Wp/isv/Джамия|джамия]]. По отношение на поклонението към тленните останки на наследниците на Пророка възникват различията между [[Wp/isv/Шиити|шиити]]те (от ''шаиат Али'' или „другарите на Али“ – поклонници на преданието, произлизащо от Али, зетя на Мохамед и негов първи братовчед) и [[Wp/isv/Сунити|сунити]]те (смятащи, че връзката между Аллах и хората трябва да бъде чрез текстовете на Корана и проповедта на Мохамед). Когато наближава 40-ата му годишнина, все още липсват външни признаци, че е забележителна личност. По онова време повечето араби са [[Wp/isv/Езичници|езичници]], вярващи в много божества. == Откровения == Около [[Wp/isv/610|610]] г. Мохамед започва да се уединява в пещерата Хира на планината Нур в околностите на Мека по време на месец [[Wp/isv/Рамадан|Рамадан]]. Там той пости и се отдава на молитви. Една нощ е посетен от [[Wp/isv/Архангел|архангел]] [[Wp/isv/Габриел|Гавраил]] (Джибрил), който му заповядва: ''„Чети“'' или ''„Рецитирай“''. Според ислямската традиция Мохамед е неграмотен и не може да чете. Впечатлен от случката, той се връща при Хадиджа, която го признава за [[Wp/isv/Пророк|пророк]] и приема [[Wp/isv/Исляма|исляма]]. Скоро тя е последвана от едва 10-годишния братовчед на Мохамед [[Wp/isv/Али ибн Аби Талиб|Али]] и близкия приятел на пророка [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]]. В продължение на дълги години Джибрил разкрива на пророка Божието слово – съдържанието на [[Wp/isv/Коран|Коран]]а. Мохамед проповядва 3 г. само на близки приятели и познати. После, към [[Wp/isv/613|613]] г., се отдава на публични [[Wp/isv/Проповед|проповед]]и. == Хиджра == Когато започва да печели привърженици, властите в Мека започват да го смятат за опасен. Мохамед се чувства застрашен и през 622 г. се преселва в град [[Wp/isv/Ясриб|Ясриб]] – Медина (на около 450 километра северно от Мека), където му предлагат убежище. Това преселение, наречено [[Wp/isv/Хиджра|хиджра]], е повратна точка в живота на пророка. От хиджрата започва [[Wp/isv/Ислямски календар|мюсюлманското летоброене]]. В Мека той няма много последователи, но в Медина те са далеч повече и скоро добива влияние, което фактически го прави абсолютен властелин. През следващите няколко години, когато [[Wp/isv/Мюсюлманите|мюсюлманите]] бързо нарастват, се водят редица битки между Медина и Мека. Тази война завършва през [[Wp/isv/630|630]] г. и Мохамед се завръща победоносно в Мека като завоевател. През останалите 2,5 г. от живота му [[Wp/isv/Араби|арабските племена]] бързо се приобщават към новата религия. == Експанзия на исляма == Когато умира в понеделник [[Wp/isv/8 юни|8 юни]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] г., Мохамед е вече истински управник на цяла Южна Арабия. [[Wp/isv/Бедуини|Бедуинските племена]] в [[Wp/isv/Арабски полуостров|Арабия]] се славят като безстрашни воини, ала те са малобройни и раздирани от разединение и междуособни битки, не могат да се мерят с по-големите армии на кралствата, установили се в [[Wp/isv/Земеделие|земеделските]] райони на север. Обединени от Мохамед за първи път в историята и вдъхновявани от пламенната си вяра в [[Wp/isv/Монотеизъм|един-единствен бог]], тези арабски бойци се впускат в поредица от най-изумителни завоевания в човешката история. На североизток от Арабия лежи обширната ново[[Wp/isv/Персийска империя|персийска империя]] на [[Wp/isv/Сасаниди|Сасаниди]]те; далеч на северозапад е [[Wp/isv/Византия|Византия]], или [[Wp/isv/Източната римска империя|Източната римска империя]] с център [[Wp/isv/Константинопол|Константинопол]]. Количествено арабите не могат да се сравняват с противниците си. Обаче на бойното поле положението е съвсем различно и въодушевените араби бързо завладяват цяла [[Wp/isv/Месопотамия|Месопотамия]], [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]] и [[Wp/isv/Палестина|Палестина]]. През [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. [[Wp/isv/Египет|Египет]] е откъснат от Византийската империя, а персийските войски са смазани при големите боеве около [[Wp/isv/Битка при Кадисия|Кадисия]] през [[Wp/isv/637|637]] г. и [[Wp/isv/Нефавенд|Нефавенд]] през [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. Но дори тези огромни завоевания, постигнати под ръководството на най-близките приятели и приемници на Мохамед – [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]] и [[Wp/isv/Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб|Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб]], не слагат край на арабското нашествие. През [[Wp/isv/711|711]] г. арабските армии вече са прегазили Северна [[Wp/isv/Африка|Африка]] чак до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]]. Оттам те се насочват на север, преброждат [[Wp/isv/Гибралтарски проток|Гибралтарския проток]] и [[Wp/isv/Арабско-ислямско завоюване на Иберийския полуостров|завладяват Иберийския полуостров]]. Пет години по-късно арабите нападат Константинопол по суша и море, предвождани от Маслама, брат на халиф Сюлейман ибн Абд ал Малик. Те идват с невиждана за епохата армия – 200 000 души и 5000 кораба. По онова време се поражда опасение, че мюсюлманите могат да покорят цяла християнска [[Wp/isv/Европа|Европа]]. След неуспешна едногодишна обсада, през лятото на 718 г. арабите получават свежи сили. Новата войска дебаркира при Абидос в Тракия и поема към Константинопол. Но в решителното сражение българите, под ръководството на [[Wp/isv/Хан Тервел|Хан Тервел]], тотално я разбиват. В прословутата [[Wp/isv/Битка при Поатие|битка при Поатие]] през [[Wp/isv/732|732]] г. мюсюлманските войски, напреднали до средата на днешна [[Wp/isv/Франция|Франция]], са съкрушени от [[Wp/isv/Франки|франки]]те. За по-малко от един век арабите създават империя, която се простира от [[Wp/isv/Индия|Индия]] до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]], каквато светът не е виждал дотогава. И навред, където стъпват мюсюлманските войски, следва масово приобщаване към новата вяра. Не всички завоевания траят дълго. Макар че запазват вярата си в пророка, по-късно персийците си извоюват независимостта от арабите. А след повече от 7 столетия борба християните си възвръщат [[Wp/isv/Иберийския полуостров|Иберийския полуостров]] с [[Wp/isv/Реконкиста|Реконкиста]]та. Месопотамия и Египет, люлки на древна цивилизация, остават за дълго във владение на арабите, които владеят и целия северноафрикански бряг. Ислямът продължава да се разпространява през вековете далеч отвъд границите на първоначалните мюсюлмански завоевания. В наши дни той има десетки милиони последователи в Африка и Централна [[Wp/isv/Азия|Азия]] и дори повече на брой в [[Wp/isv/Пакистан|Пакистан]], Северна Индия и [[Wp/isv/Индонезия|Индонезия]]. Както всички религии ислямът упражнява огромно влияние върху битието на своите последователи. == Влияние == От чисто верско гледище може да се каже, че въздействието на Мохамед върху човешката история е сравнимо с [[Wp/isv/Исус Христос|Исусовото]]. Мохамед, за разлика от Исус, е водеща фигура както от религиозно, така и от светско гледище. Единствените подобни успехи в човешката история са завоеванията на [[Wp/isv/Монголи|монголи]]те през 13 век, които се дължат главно на [[Wp/isv/Чингис хан|Чингис хан]] (''Тимурджин''), на [[Wp/isv/Древна Македония|Древна Македония]] и на [[Wp/isv/Римската империя|Римската империя]]. Макар и по-обширни от арабските, те обаче се оказват по-нетрайни в езиков и общностен смисъл. Арабските завоевания са по-хомогенни, от [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]] до [[Wp/isv/Мароко|Мароко]] се простира цяла верига арабски нации (до голяма степен от арабизирани народи), обединени не само от вярата им в исляма, но и от общия им [[Wp/isv/Арабски език|арабски език]], история и култура. Мохамед е единственият водач в историята, постигнал изключителни успехи както на верско, така и на светско равнище. Макар и със скромен произход, той разпространява една от най-големите религии в света, проявявайки се като извънредно ефикасен политически водач. Мястото на [[Wp/isv/Корана|Корана]] в мюсюлманското вероизповедание и фактът, че той е написан на арабски, сигурно са попречили арабският език да се разпадне на нерарзбираеми помежду им [[Wp/isv/Диалект|диалект]]и, което иначе би могло да се случи през изминалите 14 века. Арабските завоевания, вдъхновени от Мохамед през 7 век, продължават и днес да играят важна роля в човешката история. == Външни препратки == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] tsmdj5fu8x71de9f1r98pv5rpfa4xxg 6685227 6685226 2025-06-13T12:49:43Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] <!--| spouse = {{Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }}--> | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') е роден през [[Wp/isv/570|570]] или [[Wp/isv/571|571]] г. в гр. [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] в [[Wp/isv/Хиджаз|Хиджаз]] (днешна [[Wp/isv/Саудитска Арабия|Саудитска Арабия]]) – процъфтяващ за времето си търговски център на търговския път, който свързва [[Wp/isv/Йемен|Йемен]] със [[Wp/isv/Средиземноморие|Средиземноморие]]то. Произлиза от рода [[Wp/isv/Бану Хашим|Бану Хашим]] на племето [[Wp/isv/Кораиш|кораиш]], което управлява града. Баща му [[Wp/isv/Абдаллах|Абдаллах]] („раб на Бога“) умира преди раждането му, докато е на търговия в гр. [[Wp/isv/Басра|Басра]] (днешен [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]]). Майка му [[Wp/isv/Амина|Амина]] („благочестива“), го дава за отглеждане на дойка на име [[Wp/isv/Халима|Халима]] (по традиция новородените се давали на дойка от племе, което живее в пустинята, за да израсне здраво, далеч от болестите и [[Wp/isv/Епидемия|епидемиите]] в града), но на 4-годишна възраст, уплашена от чудна случка, известна като „отваряне на гръд“, тя го връща в града при майка му. Когато Мохамед е на 6 г., при пътуване обратно от роднинско гостуване до [[Wp/isv/Медина|Медина]], загубва майка си след нейно заболяване и отива при дядо си [[Wp/isv/Абд ал Мутталиб|Абд ал Мутталиб]], който умира след още 2 г. Бъдещият пророк остава под закрилата на чичо си [[Wp/isv/Абу Талиб|Абу Талиб]]. Когато Мухамед е на 12 г., пътува заедно с чичо си по търговия до [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]]. Близо до Басра минават покрай обиталището на християнски отшелник на име [[Wp/isv/Бахира|Бахира]], който пожелава да се срещне с керванджиите, за да им каже, че с тях пътува бъдещ пророк. През [[Wp/isv/595|595]] г. Мухаммед се връща в [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] и става пастир. По онова време родът на пророка има финансови затруднения и затова той започва работа като керванджия за богатата вдовица [[Wp/isv/Хадиджа|Хадиджа]] (или Хатиджа на [[Wp/isv/Турски|турски]]), наследила 2 съпрузи. Тя е толкова впечатлена от качествата на Мохамед, че му поисква ръката. От нея той има четири дъщери и двама внуци – Ал-Хасан и Ал-Хусейн. Двамата, заедно с четиримата първи халифи на вярата, самия Аллах и пророка Мохамед се изписват като 8-те [[Wp/isv/Тугри|тугри]] в купола на всяка [[Wp/isv/Джамия|джамия]]. По отношение на поклонението към тленните останки на наследниците на Пророка възникват различията между [[Wp/isv/Шиити|шиити]]те (от ''шаиат Али'' или „другарите на Али“ – поклонници на преданието, произлизащо от Али, зетя на Мохамед и негов първи братовчед) и [[Wp/isv/Сунити|сунити]]те (смятащи, че връзката между Аллах и хората трябва да бъде чрез текстовете на Корана и проповедта на Мохамед). Когато наближава 40-ата му годишнина, все още липсват външни признаци, че е забележителна личност. По онова време повечето араби са [[Wp/isv/Езичници|езичници]], вярващи в много божества. == Откровения == Около [[Wp/isv/610|610]] г. Мохамед започва да се уединява в пещерата Хира на планината Нур в околностите на Мека по време на месец [[Wp/isv/Рамадан|Рамадан]]. Там той пости и се отдава на молитви. Една нощ е посетен от [[Wp/isv/Архангел|архангел]] [[Wp/isv/Габриел|Гавраил]] (Джибрил), който му заповядва: ''„Чети“'' или ''„Рецитирай“''. Според ислямската традиция Мохамед е неграмотен и не може да чете. Впечатлен от случката, той се връща при Хадиджа, която го признава за [[Wp/isv/Пророк|пророк]] и приема [[Wp/isv/Исляма|исляма]]. Скоро тя е последвана от едва 10-годишния братовчед на Мохамед [[Wp/isv/Али ибн Аби Талиб|Али]] и близкия приятел на пророка [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]]. В продължение на дълги години Джибрил разкрива на пророка Божието слово – съдържанието на [[Wp/isv/Коран|Коран]]а. Мохамед проповядва 3 г. само на близки приятели и познати. После, към [[Wp/isv/613|613]] г., се отдава на публични [[Wp/isv/Проповед|проповед]]и. == Хиджра == Когато започва да печели привърженици, властите в Мека започват да го смятат за опасен. Мохамед се чувства застрашен и през 622 г. се преселва в град [[Wp/isv/Ясриб|Ясриб]] – Медина (на около 450 километра северно от Мека), където му предлагат убежище. Това преселение, наречено [[Wp/isv/Хиджра|хиджра]], е повратна точка в живота на пророка. От хиджрата започва [[Wp/isv/Ислямски календар|мюсюлманското летоброене]]. В Мека той няма много последователи, но в Медина те са далеч повече и скоро добива влияние, което фактически го прави абсолютен властелин. През следващите няколко години, когато [[Wp/isv/Мюсюлманите|мюсюлманите]] бързо нарастват, се водят редица битки между Медина и Мека. Тази война завършва през [[Wp/isv/630|630]] г. и Мохамед се завръща победоносно в Мека като завоевател. През останалите 2,5 г. от живота му [[Wp/isv/Араби|арабските племена]] бързо се приобщават към новата религия. == Експанзия на исляма == Когато умира в понеделник [[Wp/isv/8 юни|8 юни]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] г., Мохамед е вече истински управник на цяла Южна Арабия. [[Wp/isv/Бедуини|Бедуинските племена]] в [[Wp/isv/Арабски полуостров|Арабия]] се славят като безстрашни воини, ала те са малобройни и раздирани от разединение и междуособни битки, не могат да се мерят с по-големите армии на кралствата, установили се в [[Wp/isv/Земеделие|земеделските]] райони на север. Обединени от Мохамед за първи път в историята и вдъхновявани от пламенната си вяра в [[Wp/isv/Монотеизъм|един-единствен бог]], тези арабски бойци се впускат в поредица от най-изумителни завоевания в човешката история. На североизток от Арабия лежи обширната ново[[Wp/isv/Персийска империя|персийска империя]] на [[Wp/isv/Сасаниди|Сасаниди]]те; далеч на северозапад е [[Wp/isv/Византия|Византия]], или [[Wp/isv/Източната римска империя|Източната римска империя]] с център [[Wp/isv/Константинопол|Константинопол]]. Количествено арабите не могат да се сравняват с противниците си. Обаче на бойното поле положението е съвсем различно и въодушевените араби бързо завладяват цяла [[Wp/isv/Месопотамия|Месопотамия]], [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]] и [[Wp/isv/Палестина|Палестина]]. През [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. [[Wp/isv/Египет|Египет]] е откъснат от Византийската империя, а персийските войски са смазани при големите боеве около [[Wp/isv/Битка при Кадисия|Кадисия]] през [[Wp/isv/637|637]] г. и [[Wp/isv/Нефавенд|Нефавенд]] през [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. Но дори тези огромни завоевания, постигнати под ръководството на най-близките приятели и приемници на Мохамед – [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]] и [[Wp/isv/Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб|Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб]], не слагат край на арабското нашествие. През [[Wp/isv/711|711]] г. арабските армии вече са прегазили Северна [[Wp/isv/Африка|Африка]] чак до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]]. Оттам те се насочват на север, преброждат [[Wp/isv/Гибралтарски проток|Гибралтарския проток]] и [[Wp/isv/Арабско-ислямско завоюване на Иберийския полуостров|завладяват Иберийския полуостров]]. Пет години по-късно арабите нападат Константинопол по суша и море, предвождани от Маслама, брат на халиф Сюлейман ибн Абд ал Малик. Те идват с невиждана за епохата армия – 200 000 души и 5000 кораба. По онова време се поражда опасение, че мюсюлманите могат да покорят цяла християнска [[Wp/isv/Европа|Европа]]. След неуспешна едногодишна обсада, през лятото на 718 г. арабите получават свежи сили. Новата войска дебаркира при Абидос в Тракия и поема към Константинопол. Но в решителното сражение българите, под ръководството на [[Wp/isv/Хан Тервел|Хан Тервел]], тотално я разбиват. В прословутата [[Wp/isv/Битка при Поатие|битка при Поатие]] през [[Wp/isv/732|732]] г. мюсюлманските войски, напреднали до средата на днешна [[Wp/isv/Франция|Франция]], са съкрушени от [[Wp/isv/Франки|франки]]те. За по-малко от един век арабите създават империя, която се простира от [[Wp/isv/Индия|Индия]] до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]], каквато светът не е виждал дотогава. И навред, където стъпват мюсюлманските войски, следва масово приобщаване към новата вяра. Не всички завоевания траят дълго. Макар че запазват вярата си в пророка, по-късно персийците си извоюват независимостта от арабите. А след повече от 7 столетия борба християните си възвръщат [[Wp/isv/Иберийския полуостров|Иберийския полуостров]] с [[Wp/isv/Реконкиста|Реконкиста]]та. Месопотамия и Египет, люлки на древна цивилизация, остават за дълго във владение на арабите, които владеят и целия северноафрикански бряг. Ислямът продължава да се разпространява през вековете далеч отвъд границите на първоначалните мюсюлмански завоевания. В наши дни той има десетки милиони последователи в Африка и Централна [[Wp/isv/Азия|Азия]] и дори повече на брой в [[Wp/isv/Пакистан|Пакистан]], Северна Индия и [[Wp/isv/Индонезия|Индонезия]]. Както всички религии ислямът упражнява огромно влияние върху битието на своите последователи. == Влияние == От чисто верско гледище може да се каже, че въздействието на Мохамед върху човешката история е сравнимо с [[Wp/isv/Исус Христос|Исусовото]]. Мохамед, за разлика от Исус, е водеща фигура както от религиозно, така и от светско гледище. Единствените подобни успехи в човешката история са завоеванията на [[Wp/isv/Монголи|монголи]]те през 13 век, които се дължат главно на [[Wp/isv/Чингис хан|Чингис хан]] (''Тимурджин''), на [[Wp/isv/Древна Македония|Древна Македония]] и на [[Wp/isv/Римската империя|Римската империя]]. Макар и по-обширни от арабските, те обаче се оказват по-нетрайни в езиков и общностен смисъл. Арабските завоевания са по-хомогенни, от [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]] до [[Wp/isv/Мароко|Мароко]] се простира цяла верига арабски нации (до голяма степен от арабизирани народи), обединени не само от вярата им в исляма, но и от общия им [[Wp/isv/Арабски език|арабски език]], история и култура. Мохамед е единственият водач в историята, постигнал изключителни успехи както на верско, така и на светско равнище. Макар и със скромен произход, той разпространява една от най-големите религии в света, проявявайки се като извънредно ефикасен политически водач. Мястото на [[Wp/isv/Корана|Корана]] в мюсюлманското вероизповедание и фактът, че той е написан на арабски, сигурно са попречили арабският език да се разпадне на нерарзбираеми помежду им [[Wp/isv/Диалект|диалект]]и, което иначе би могло да се случи през изминалите 14 века. Арабските завоевания, вдъхновени от Мохамед през 7 век, продължават и днес да играят важна роля в човешката история. == Външни препратки == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] k6dmg7cmuz3ttbobdublzs0j0pmf5i1 6685228 6685227 2025-06-13T12:50:47Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") <!--| module = {{Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }}--> | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') е роден през [[Wp/isv/570|570]] или [[Wp/isv/571|571]] г. в гр. [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] в [[Wp/isv/Хиджаз|Хиджаз]] (днешна [[Wp/isv/Саудитска Арабия|Саудитска Арабия]]) – процъфтяващ за времето си търговски център на търговския път, който свързва [[Wp/isv/Йемен|Йемен]] със [[Wp/isv/Средиземноморие|Средиземноморие]]то. Произлиза от рода [[Wp/isv/Бану Хашим|Бану Хашим]] на племето [[Wp/isv/Кораиш|кораиш]], което управлява града. Баща му [[Wp/isv/Абдаллах|Абдаллах]] („раб на Бога“) умира преди раждането му, докато е на търговия в гр. [[Wp/isv/Басра|Басра]] (днешен [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]]). Майка му [[Wp/isv/Амина|Амина]] („благочестива“), го дава за отглеждане на дойка на име [[Wp/isv/Халима|Халима]] (по традиция новородените се давали на дойка от племе, което живее в пустинята, за да израсне здраво, далеч от болестите и [[Wp/isv/Епидемия|епидемиите]] в града), но на 4-годишна възраст, уплашена от чудна случка, известна като „отваряне на гръд“, тя го връща в града при майка му. Когато Мохамед е на 6 г., при пътуване обратно от роднинско гостуване до [[Wp/isv/Медина|Медина]], загубва майка си след нейно заболяване и отива при дядо си [[Wp/isv/Абд ал Мутталиб|Абд ал Мутталиб]], който умира след още 2 г. Бъдещият пророк остава под закрилата на чичо си [[Wp/isv/Абу Талиб|Абу Талиб]]. Когато Мухамед е на 12 г., пътува заедно с чичо си по търговия до [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]]. Близо до Басра минават покрай обиталището на християнски отшелник на име [[Wp/isv/Бахира|Бахира]], който пожелава да се срещне с керванджиите, за да им каже, че с тях пътува бъдещ пророк. През [[Wp/isv/595|595]] г. Мухаммед се връща в [[Wp/isv/Мека|Мека]] и става пастир. По онова време родът на пророка има финансови затруднения и затова той започва работа като керванджия за богатата вдовица [[Wp/isv/Хадиджа|Хадиджа]] (или Хатиджа на [[Wp/isv/Турски|турски]]), наследила 2 съпрузи. Тя е толкова впечатлена от качествата на Мохамед, че му поисква ръката. От нея той има четири дъщери и двама внуци – Ал-Хасан и Ал-Хусейн. Двамата, заедно с четиримата първи халифи на вярата, самия Аллах и пророка Мохамед се изписват като 8-те [[Wp/isv/Тугри|тугри]] в купола на всяка [[Wp/isv/Джамия|джамия]]. По отношение на поклонението към тленните останки на наследниците на Пророка възникват различията между [[Wp/isv/Шиити|шиити]]те (от ''шаиат Али'' или „другарите на Али“ – поклонници на преданието, произлизащо от Али, зетя на Мохамед и негов първи братовчед) и [[Wp/isv/Сунити|сунити]]те (смятащи, че връзката между Аллах и хората трябва да бъде чрез текстовете на Корана и проповедта на Мохамед). Когато наближава 40-ата му годишнина, все още липсват външни признаци, че е забележителна личност. По онова време повечето араби са [[Wp/isv/Езичници|езичници]], вярващи в много божества. == Откровения == Около [[Wp/isv/610|610]] г. Мохамед започва да се уединява в пещерата Хира на планината Нур в околностите на Мека по време на месец [[Wp/isv/Рамадан|Рамадан]]. Там той пости и се отдава на молитви. Една нощ е посетен от [[Wp/isv/Архангел|архангел]] [[Wp/isv/Габриел|Гавраил]] (Джибрил), който му заповядва: ''„Чети“'' или ''„Рецитирай“''. Според ислямската традиция Мохамед е неграмотен и не може да чете. Впечатлен от случката, той се връща при Хадиджа, която го признава за [[Wp/isv/Пророк|пророк]] и приема [[Wp/isv/Исляма|исляма]]. Скоро тя е последвана от едва 10-годишния братовчед на Мохамед [[Wp/isv/Али ибн Аби Талиб|Али]] и близкия приятел на пророка [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]]. В продължение на дълги години Джибрил разкрива на пророка Божието слово – съдържанието на [[Wp/isv/Коран|Коран]]а. Мохамед проповядва 3 г. само на близки приятели и познати. После, към [[Wp/isv/613|613]] г., се отдава на публични [[Wp/isv/Проповед|проповед]]и. == Хиджра == Когато започва да печели привърженици, властите в Мека започват да го смятат за опасен. Мохамед се чувства застрашен и през 622 г. се преселва в град [[Wp/isv/Ясриб|Ясриб]] – Медина (на около 450 километра северно от Мека), където му предлагат убежище. Това преселение, наречено [[Wp/isv/Хиджра|хиджра]], е повратна точка в живота на пророка. От хиджрата започва [[Wp/isv/Ислямски календар|мюсюлманското летоброене]]. В Мека той няма много последователи, но в Медина те са далеч повече и скоро добива влияние, което фактически го прави абсолютен властелин. През следващите няколко години, когато [[Wp/isv/Мюсюлманите|мюсюлманите]] бързо нарастват, се водят редица битки между Медина и Мека. Тази война завършва през [[Wp/isv/630|630]] г. и Мохамед се завръща победоносно в Мека като завоевател. През останалите 2,5 г. от живота му [[Wp/isv/Араби|арабските племена]] бързо се приобщават към новата религия. == Експанзия на исляма == Когато умира в понеделник [[Wp/isv/8 юни|8 юни]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] г., Мохамед е вече истински управник на цяла Южна Арабия. [[Wp/isv/Бедуини|Бедуинските племена]] в [[Wp/isv/Арабски полуостров|Арабия]] се славят като безстрашни воини, ала те са малобройни и раздирани от разединение и междуособни битки, не могат да се мерят с по-големите армии на кралствата, установили се в [[Wp/isv/Земеделие|земеделските]] райони на север. Обединени от Мохамед за първи път в историята и вдъхновявани от пламенната си вяра в [[Wp/isv/Монотеизъм|един-единствен бог]], тези арабски бойци се впускат в поредица от най-изумителни завоевания в човешката история. На североизток от Арабия лежи обширната ново[[Wp/isv/Персийска империя|персийска империя]] на [[Wp/isv/Сасаниди|Сасаниди]]те; далеч на северозапад е [[Wp/isv/Византия|Византия]], или [[Wp/isv/Източната римска империя|Източната римска империя]] с център [[Wp/isv/Константинопол|Константинопол]]. Количествено арабите не могат да се сравняват с противниците си. Обаче на бойното поле положението е съвсем различно и въодушевените араби бързо завладяват цяла [[Wp/isv/Месопотамия|Месопотамия]], [[Wp/isv/Сирия|Сирия]] и [[Wp/isv/Палестина|Палестина]]. През [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. [[Wp/isv/Египет|Египет]] е откъснат от Византийската империя, а персийските войски са смазани при големите боеве около [[Wp/isv/Битка при Кадисия|Кадисия]] през [[Wp/isv/637|637]] г. и [[Wp/isv/Нефавенд|Нефавенд]] през [[Wp/isv/642|642]] г. Но дори тези огромни завоевания, постигнати под ръководството на най-близките приятели и приемници на Мохамед – [[Wp/isv/Абу Бакр|Абу Бакр]] и [[Wp/isv/Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб|Омар Ибн Ал-Хатаб]], не слагат край на арабското нашествие. През [[Wp/isv/711|711]] г. арабските армии вече са прегазили Северна [[Wp/isv/Африка|Африка]] чак до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]]. Оттам те се насочват на север, преброждат [[Wp/isv/Гибралтарски проток|Гибралтарския проток]] и [[Wp/isv/Арабско-ислямско завоюване на Иберийския полуостров|завладяват Иберийския полуостров]]. Пет години по-късно арабите нападат Константинопол по суша и море, предвождани от Маслама, брат на халиф Сюлейман ибн Абд ал Малик. Те идват с невиждана за епохата армия – 200 000 души и 5000 кораба. По онова време се поражда опасение, че мюсюлманите могат да покорят цяла християнска [[Wp/isv/Европа|Европа]]. След неуспешна едногодишна обсада, през лятото на 718 г. арабите получават свежи сили. Новата войска дебаркира при Абидос в Тракия и поема към Константинопол. Но в решителното сражение българите, под ръководството на [[Wp/isv/Хан Тервел|Хан Тервел]], тотално я разбиват. В прословутата [[Wp/isv/Битка при Поатие|битка при Поатие]] през [[Wp/isv/732|732]] г. мюсюлманските войски, напреднали до средата на днешна [[Wp/isv/Франция|Франция]], са съкрушени от [[Wp/isv/Франки|франки]]те. За по-малко от един век арабите създават империя, която се простира от [[Wp/isv/Индия|Индия]] до [[Wp/isv/Атлантическия океан|Атлантическия океан]], каквато светът не е виждал дотогава. И навред, където стъпват мюсюлманските войски, следва масово приобщаване към новата вяра. Не всички завоевания траят дълго. Макар че запазват вярата си в пророка, по-късно персийците си извоюват независимостта от арабите. А след повече от 7 столетия борба християните си възвръщат [[Wp/isv/Иберийския полуостров|Иберийския полуостров]] с [[Wp/isv/Реконкиста|Реконкиста]]та. Месопотамия и Египет, люлки на древна цивилизация, остават за дълго във владение на арабите, които владеят и целия северноафрикански бряг. Ислямът продължава да се разпространява през вековете далеч отвъд границите на първоначалните мюсюлмански завоевания. В наши дни той има десетки милиони последователи в Африка и Централна [[Wp/isv/Азия|Азия]] и дори повече на брой в [[Wp/isv/Пакистан|Пакистан]], Северна Индия и [[Wp/isv/Индонезия|Индонезия]]. Както всички религии ислямът упражнява огромно влияние върху битието на своите последователи. == Влияние == От чисто верско гледище може да се каже, че въздействието на Мохамед върху човешката история е сравнимо с [[Wp/isv/Исус Христос|Исусовото]]. Мохамед, за разлика от Исус, е водеща фигура както от религиозно, така и от светско гледище. Единствените подобни успехи в човешката история са завоеванията на [[Wp/isv/Монголи|монголи]]те през 13 век, които се дължат главно на [[Wp/isv/Чингис хан|Чингис хан]] (''Тимурджин''), на [[Wp/isv/Древна Македония|Древна Македония]] и на [[Wp/isv/Римската империя|Римската империя]]. Макар и по-обширни от арабските, те обаче се оказват по-нетрайни в езиков и общностен смисъл. Арабските завоевания са по-хомогенни, от [[Wp/isv/Ирак|Ирак]] до [[Wp/isv/Мароко|Мароко]] се простира цяла верига арабски нации (до голяма степен от арабизирани народи), обединени не само от вярата им в исляма, но и от общия им [[Wp/isv/Арабски език|арабски език]], история и култура. Мохамед е единственият водач в историята, постигнал изключителни успехи както на верско, така и на светско равнище. Макар и със скромен произход, той разпространява една от най-големите религии в света, проявявайки се като извънредно ефикасен политически водач. Мястото на [[Wp/isv/Корана|Корана]] в мюсюлманското вероизповедание и фактът, че той е написан на арабски, сигурно са попречили арабският език да се разпадне на нерарзбираеми помежду им [[Wp/isv/Диалект|диалект]]и, което иначе би могло да се случи през изминалите 14 века. Арабските завоевания, вдъхновени от Мохамед през 7 век, продължават и днес да играят важна роля в човешката история. == Външни препратки == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] fnui9nmipjpn8qskufwebt4ldppyncp 6685240 6685228 2025-06-13T13:24:01Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }}--> | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se pribliyzno v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – процъфтяващ за времето си търговски център на търговския път, който свързва [[Wp/isv/Йемен|Йемен]] със [[Wp/isv/Средиземноморие|Средиземноморие]]то. Proizliza ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] na plemeto [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], koeto upravljava grada. Bašča mu [[Wp/isv/Abdallah|Abdallah]] („rab na Boga“) umira predi raždaneto mu, dokato e na trgovija v gr. [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešen [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Majka mu [[Wp/isv/Amina|Amina]] („blagočestiva“), go dava za otgleždane na dojka na ime [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicija novorodenite se davali na dojka ot pleme, koeto živee v pustinjata, za da izrasne zdravo, daleč ot bolestite i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemiite]] v grada), no na 4-godišna vzrast, uplašena ot čudna slučka, izvestna kato „otvarane na grd“, ta go vršča v grada pri majka mu. Kogato Mohamed e na 6 g., pri ptuvane obratno ot rodninsko gostuvane do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], zagubva majka si sled nejno zaboljavane i otiva pri dado si [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalib]], kojto umira sled ošče 2 g. Bdeščijat prorok ostava pod zakrilata na čičo si [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Talib]]. Kogato Muhamed e na 12 g., ptuva zaedno s čičo si po trgovija do [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]]. Blizo do Basra minavat pokraj obitališčeto na hristijanski otšelnik na ime [[Wp/isv/Bahira|Bahira]], kojto poželava da se sreščne s kervandžiite, za da im kaže, če s tah ptuva bdešč prorok. Prez [[Wp/isv/595|595]] g. Muhammed se vršča v [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] i stava pastir. Po onova vreme rodt na proroka ima finansovi zatrudnenija i zatova toj započva rabota kato kervandžija za bogatata vdovica [[Wp/isv/Hadidža|Hadidža]] (ili Hatidža na [[Wp/isv/Turski|turski]]), nasledila 2 spruzi. Ta e tolkova vpečatlena ot kačestvata na Mohamed, če mu poiskva rkata. Ot neja toj ima četiri dščeri i dvama vnuci – Al-Hasan i Al-Husejn. Dvamata, zaedno s četirimata prvi halifi na vjarata, samija Allah i proroka Mohamed se izpisvat kato 8-te [[Wp/isv/Tugri|tugri]] v kupola na vsaka [[Wp/isv/Džamija|džamija]]. Po otnošenie na poklonenieto km tlennite ostanki na naslednicite na Proroka vznikvat različijata meždu [[Wp/isv/Šiiti|šiiti]]te (ot ''šaiat Ali'' ili „drugarite na Ali“ – poklonnici na predanieto, proizlizaščo ot Ali, zeta na Mohamed i negov prvi bratovčed) i [[Wp/isv/Suniti|suniti]]te (smjatašči, če vrzkata meždu Allah i horata trabva da bde črez tekstovete na Korana i propovedta na Mohamed). Kogato nabližava 40-ata mu godišnina, vse ošče lipsvat vnšni priznaci, če e zabeležitelna ličnost. Po onova vreme povečeto arabi sa [[Wp/isv/Ezičnici|ezičnici]], vjarvašči v mnogo božestva. == Otkrovenija == Okolo [[Wp/isv/610|610]] g. Mohamed započva da se uedinjava v peščerata Hira na planinata Nur v okolnostite na Meka po vreme na mesec [[Wp/isv/Ramadan|Ramadan]]. Tam toj posti i se otdava na molitvi. Edna nošč e poseten ot [[Wp/isv/Arhangel|arhangel]] [[Wp/isv/Gabriel|Gavrail]] (Džibril), kojto mu zapovjadva: ''„Četi“'' ili ''„Recitiraj“''. Spored isljamskata tradicija Mohamed e negramoten i ne može da čete. Vpečatlen ot slučkata, toj se vršča pri Hadidža, kojato go priznava za [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorok]] i priema [[Wp/isv/Isljama|isljama]]. Skoro ta e posledvana ot edva 10-godišnija bratovčed na Mohamed [[Wp/isv/Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali]] i blizkija prijatel na proroka [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]]. V prodlženie na dlgi godini Džibril razkriva na proroka Božieto slovo – sdržanieto na [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]]a. Mohamed propovjadva 3 g. samo na blizki prijateli i poznati. Posle, km [[Wp/isv/613|613]] g., se otdava na publični [[Wp/isv/Propoved|propoved]]i. == Hidžra == Kogato započva da pečeli privrženici, vlastite v Meka započvat da go smjatat za opasen. Mohamed se čuvstva zastrašen i prez 622 g. se preselva v grad [[Wp/isv/Jasrib|Jasrib]] – Medina (na okolo 450 kilometra severno ot Meka), kdeto mu predlagat ubežišče. Tova preselenie, narečeno [[Wp/isv/Hidžra|hidžra]], e povratna točka v života na proroka. Ot hidžrata započva [[Wp/isv/Isljamski kalendar|mjusulmanskoto letobroene]]. V Meka toj njama mnogo posledovateli, no v Medina te sa daleč poveče i skoro dobiva vlijanie, koeto faktičeski go pravi absoljuten vlastelin. Prez sledvaščite njakolko godini, kogato [[Wp/isv/Mjusulmanite|mjusulmanite]] brzo narastvat, se vodat redica bitki meždu Medina i Meka. Tazi vojna završva prez [[Wp/isv/630|630]] g. i Mohamed se završča pobedonosno v Meka kato zavoevatel. Prez ostanalite 2,5 g. ot života mu [[Wp/isv/Arabi|arabskite plemena]] brzo se priobščavat km novata religija. == Ekspanzija na isljama == Kogato umira v ponedelnik [[Wp/isv/8 juni|8 juni]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] g., Mohamed e veče istinski upravnik na cjala Južna Arabija. [[Wp/isv/Beduini|Beduinskite plemena]] v [[Wp/isv/Arabski poluostrov|Arabija]] se slavjat kato bezstrašni voini, ala te sa malobrojni i razdirani ot razedinenie i mežduosobni bitki, ne mogat da se merat s po-golemite armii na kralstvata, ustanovili se v [[Wp/isv/Zemedelie|zemedelskite]] rajoni na sever. Obedineni ot Mohamed za prvi pt v istorijata i vdhnovjavani ot plamennata si vjara v [[Wp/isv/Monoteizm|edin-edinstven bog]], tezi arabski bojci se vpuskat v poredica ot naj-izumitelni zavoevanija v čoveškata istorija. Na severoiztok ot Arabija leži obširnata novo[[Wp/isv/Persijska imperija|persijska imperija]] na [[Wp/isv/Sasanidi|Sasanidi]]te; daleč na severozapad e [[Wp/isv/Vizantija|Vizantija]], ili [[Wp/isv/Iztočnata rimska imperija|Iztočnata rimska imperija]] s centr [[Wp/isv/Konstantinopol|Konstantinopol]]. Količestveno arabite ne mogat da se sravnjavat s protivnicite si. Obače na bojnoto pole položenieto e svsem različno i voduševenite arabi brzo zavladavat cjala [[Wp/isv/Mesopotamija|Mesopotamija]], [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]] i [[Wp/isv/Palestina|Palestina]]. Prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. [[Wp/isv/Egipet|Egipet]] e otksnat ot Vizantijskata imperija, a persijskite vojski sa smazani pri golemite boeve okolo [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Kadisija|Kadisija]] prez [[Wp/isv/637|637]] g. i [[Wp/isv/Nefavend|Nefavend]] prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. No dori tezi ogromni zavoevanija, postignati pod rkovodstvoto na naj-blizkite prijateli i priemnici na Mohamed – [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]] i [[Wp/isv/Omar Ibn Al-Hatab|Omar Ibn Al-Hatab]], ne slagat kraj na arabskoto našestvie. Prez [[Wp/isv/711|711]] g. arabskite armii veče sa pregazili Severna [[Wp/isv/Afrika|Afrika]] čak do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]]. Ottam te se nasočvat na sever, prebroždat [[Wp/isv/Gibraltarski protok|Gibraltarskija protok]] i [[Wp/isv/Arabsko-isljamsko zavojuvane na Iberijskija poluostrov|zavladavat Iberijskija poluostrov]]. Pet godini po-ksno arabite napadat Konstantinopol po suša i more, predvoždani ot Maslama, brat na halif Sulejman ibn Abd al Malik. Te idvat s neviždana za epohata armija – 200 000 duši i 5000 koraba. Po onova vreme se poražda opasenie, če mjusulmanite mogat da pokorat cjala hristijanska [[Wp/isv/Evropa|Evropa]]. Sled neuspešna ednogodišna obsada, prez ljatoto na 718 g. arabite polučavat sveži sili. Novata vojska debarkira pri Abidos v Trakija i poema km Konstantinopol. No v rešitelnoto sraženie blgarite, pod rkovodstvoto na [[Wp/isv/Han Tervel|Han Tervel]], totalno ja razbivat. V proslovutata [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Poatie|bitka pri Poatie]] prez [[Wp/isv/732|732]] g. mjusulmanskite vojski, naprednali do sredata na dnešna [[Wp/isv/Francija|Francija]], sa skrušeni ot [[Wp/isv/Franki|franki]]te. Za po-malko ot edin vek arabite szdavat imperija, kojato se prostira ot [[Wp/isv/Indija|Indija]] do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]], kakvato svett ne e viždal dotogava. I navred, kdeto stpvat mjusulmanskite vojski, sledva masovo priobščavane km novata vjara. Ne vsički zavoevanija trajat dlgo. Makar če zapazvat vjarata si v proroka, po-ksno persijcite si izvojuvat nezavisimostta ot arabite. A sled poveče ot 7 stoletija borba hristijanite si vzvrščat [[Wp/isv/Iberijskija poluostrov|Iberijskija poluostrov]] s [[Wp/isv/Rekonkista|Rekonkista]]ta. Mesopotamija i Egipet, ljulki na drevna civilizacija, ostavat za dlgo vv vladenie na arabite, koito vladejat i celija severnoafrikanski brag. Isljamt prodlžava da se razprostranjava prez vekovete daleč otvd granicite na prvonačalnite mjusulmanski zavoevanija. V naši dni toj ima desetki milioni posledovateli v Afrika i Centralna [[Wp/isv/Azija|Azija]] i dori poveče na broj v [[Wp/isv/Pakistan|Pakistan]], Severna Indija i [[Wp/isv/Indonezija|Indonezija]]. Kakto vsički religii isljamt upražnjava ogromno vlijanie vrhu bitieto na svoite posledovateli. == Vlijanie == Ot čisto versko gledišče može da se kaže, če vzdejstvieto na Mohamed vrhu čoveškata istorija e sravnimo s [[Wp/isv/Isus Hristos|Isusovoto]]. Mohamed, za razlika ot Isus, e vodešča figura kakto ot religiozno, taka i ot svetsko gledišče. Edinstvenite podobni uspehi v čoveškata istorija sa zavoevanijata na [[Wp/isv/Mongoli|mongoli]]te prez 13 vek, koito se dlžat glavno na [[Wp/isv/Čingis han|Čingis han]] (''Timurdžin''), na [[Wp/isv/Drevna Makedonija|Drevna Makedonija]] i na [[Wp/isv/Rimskata imperija|Rimskata imperija]]. Makar i po-obširni ot arabskite, te obače se okazvat po-netrajni v ezikov i obščnosten smisl. Arabskite zavoevanija sa po-homogenni, ot [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]] do [[Wp/isv/Maroko|Maroko]] se prostira cjala veriga arabski nacii (do goljama stepen ot arabizirani narodi), obedineni ne samo ot vjarata im v isljama, no i ot obščija im [[Wp/isv/Arabski ezik|arabski ezik]], istorija i kultura. Mohamed e edinstvenijat vodač v istorijata, postignal izključitelni uspehi kakto na versko, taka i na svetsko ravnišče. Makar i ss skromen proizhod, toj razprostranjava edna ot naj-golemite religii v sveta, projavjavajki se kato izvnredno efikasen političeski vodač. Mjastoto na [[Wp/isv/Korana|Korana]] v mjusulmanskoto veroizpovedanie i faktt, če toj e napisan na arabski, sigurno sa poprečili arabskijat ezik da se razpadne na nerarzbiraemi pomeždu im [[Wp/isv/Dialekt|dialekt]]i, koeto inače bi moglo da se sluči prez izminalite 14 veka. Arabskite zavoevanija, vdhnoveni ot Mohamed prez 7 vek, prodlžavat i dnes da igrajat važna rolja v čoveškata istorija. == Vnšni prepratki == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] sfwmpf9abd7bsmecsywnkywsprg1t6p 6685268 6685240 2025-06-13T14:36:52Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685268 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }}--> | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati jego [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) go dava za oglědanje kormilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali kormilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznji i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. Kogato Muhamed e na 12 g., ptuva zaedno s čičo si po trgovija do [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]]. Blizo do Basra minavat pokraj obitališčeto na hristijanski otšelnik na ime [[Wp/isv/Bahira|Bahira]], kojto poželava da se sreščne s kervandžiite, za da im kaže, če s tah ptuva bdešč prorok. Prez [[Wp/isv/595|595]] g. Muhammed se vršča v [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] i stava pastir. Po onova vreme rodt na proroka ima finansovi zatrudnenija i zatova toj započva rabota kato kervandžija za bogatata vdovica [[Wp/isv/Hadidža|Hadidža]] (ili Hatidža na [[Wp/isv/Turski|turski]]), nasledila 2 spruzi. Ta e tolkova vpečatlena ot kačestvata na Mohamed, če mu poiskva rkata. Ot neja toj ima četiri dščeri i dvama vnuci – Al-Hasan i Al-Husejn. Dvamata, zaedno s četirimata prvi halifi na vjarata, samija Allah i proroka Mohamed se izpisvat kato 8-te [[Wp/isv/Tugri|tugri]] v kupola na vsaka [[Wp/isv/Džamija|džamija]]. Po otnošenie na poklonenieto km tlennite ostanki na naslednicite na Proroka vznikvat različijata meždu [[Wp/isv/Šiiti|šiiti]]te (ot ''šaiat Ali'' ili „drugarite na Ali“ – poklonnici na predanieto, proizlizaščo ot Ali, zeta na Mohamed i negov prvi bratovčed) i [[Wp/isv/Suniti|suniti]]te (smjatašči, če vrzkata meždu Allah i horata trabva da bde črez tekstovete na Korana i propovedta na Mohamed). Kogato nabližava 40-ata mu godišnina, vse ošče lipsvat vnšni priznaci, če e zabeležitelna ličnost. Po onova vreme povečeto arabi sa [[Wp/isv/Ezičnici|ezičnici]], vjarvašči v mnogo božestva. == Otkrovenija == Okolo [[Wp/isv/610|610]] g. Mohamed započva da se uedinjava v peščerata Hira na planinata Nur v okolnostite na Meka po vreme na mesec [[Wp/isv/Ramadan|Ramadan]]. Tam toj posti i se otdava na molitvi. Edna nošč e poseten ot [[Wp/isv/Arhangel|arhangel]] [[Wp/isv/Gabriel|Gavrail]] (Džibril), kojto mu zapovjadva: ''„Četi“'' ili ''„Recitiraj“''. Spored isljamskata tradicija Mohamed e negramoten i ne može da čete. Vpečatlen ot slučkata, toj se vršča pri Hadidža, kojato go priznava za [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorok]] i priema [[Wp/isv/Isljama|isljama]]. Skoro ta e posledvana ot edva 10-godišnija bratovčed na Mohamed [[Wp/isv/Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali]] i blizkija prijatel na proroka [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]]. V prodlženie na dlgi godini Džibril razkriva na proroka Božieto slovo – sdržanieto na [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]]a. Mohamed propovjadva 3 g. samo na blizki prijateli i poznati. Posle, km [[Wp/isv/613|613]] g., se otdava na publični [[Wp/isv/Propoved|propoved]]i. == Hidžra == Kogato započva da pečeli privrženici, vlastite v Meka započvat da go smjatat za opasen. Mohamed se čuvstva zastrašen i prez 622 g. se preselva v grad [[Wp/isv/Jasrib|Jasrib]] – Medina (na okolo 450 kilometra severno ot Meka), kdeto mu predlagat ubežišče. Tova preselenie, narečeno [[Wp/isv/Hidžra|hidžra]], e povratna točka v života na proroka. Ot hidžrata započva [[Wp/isv/Isljamski kalendar|mjusulmanskoto letobroene]]. V Meka toj njama mnogo posledovateli, no v Medina te sa daleč poveče i skoro dobiva vlijanie, koeto faktičeski go pravi absoljuten vlastelin. Prez sledvaščite njakolko godini, kogato [[Wp/isv/Mjusulmanite|mjusulmanite]] brzo narastvat, se vodat redica bitki meždu Medina i Meka. Tazi vojna završva prez [[Wp/isv/630|630]] g. i Mohamed se završča pobedonosno v Meka kato zavoevatel. Prez ostanalite 2,5 g. ot života mu [[Wp/isv/Arabi|arabskite plemena]] brzo se priobščavat km novata religija. == Ekspanzija na isljama == Kogato umira v ponedelnik [[Wp/isv/8 juni|8 juni]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] g., Mohamed e veče istinski upravnik na cjala Južna Arabija. [[Wp/isv/Beduini|Beduinskite plemena]] v [[Wp/isv/Arabski poluostrov|Arabija]] se slavjat kato bezstrašni voini, ala te sa malobrojni i razdirani ot razedinenie i mežduosobni bitki, ne mogat da se merat s po-golemite armii na kralstvata, ustanovili se v [[Wp/isv/Zemedelie|zemedelskite]] rajoni na sever. Obedineni ot Mohamed za prvi pt v istorijata i vdhnovjavani ot plamennata si vjara v [[Wp/isv/Monoteizm|edin-edinstven bog]], tezi arabski bojci se vpuskat v poredica ot naj-izumitelni zavoevanija v čoveškata istorija. Na severoiztok ot Arabija leži obširnata novo[[Wp/isv/Persijska imperija|persijska imperija]] na [[Wp/isv/Sasanidi|Sasanidi]]te; daleč na severozapad e [[Wp/isv/Vizantija|Vizantija]], ili [[Wp/isv/Iztočnata rimska imperija|Iztočnata rimska imperija]] s centr [[Wp/isv/Konstantinopol|Konstantinopol]]. Količestveno arabite ne mogat da se sravnjavat s protivnicite si. Obače na bojnoto pole položenieto e svsem različno i voduševenite arabi brzo zavladavat cjala [[Wp/isv/Mesopotamija|Mesopotamija]], [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]] i [[Wp/isv/Palestina|Palestina]]. Prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. [[Wp/isv/Egipet|Egipet]] e otksnat ot Vizantijskata imperija, a persijskite vojski sa smazani pri golemite boeve okolo [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Kadisija|Kadisija]] prez [[Wp/isv/637|637]] g. i [[Wp/isv/Nefavend|Nefavend]] prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. No dori tezi ogromni zavoevanija, postignati pod rkovodstvoto na naj-blizkite prijateli i priemnici na Mohamed – [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]] i [[Wp/isv/Omar Ibn Al-Hatab|Omar Ibn Al-Hatab]], ne slagat kraj na arabskoto našestvie. Prez [[Wp/isv/711|711]] g. arabskite armii veče sa pregazili Severna [[Wp/isv/Afrika|Afrika]] čak do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]]. Ottam te se nasočvat na sever, prebroždat [[Wp/isv/Gibraltarski protok|Gibraltarskija protok]] i [[Wp/isv/Arabsko-isljamsko zavojuvane na Iberijskija poluostrov|zavladavat Iberijskija poluostrov]]. Pet godini po-ksno arabite napadat Konstantinopol po suša i more, predvoždani ot Maslama, brat na halif Sulejman ibn Abd al Malik. Te idvat s neviždana za epohata armija – 200 000 duši i 5000 koraba. Po onova vreme se poražda opasenie, če mjusulmanite mogat da pokorat cjala hristijanska [[Wp/isv/Evropa|Evropa]]. Sled neuspešna ednogodišna obsada, prez ljatoto na 718 g. arabite polučavat sveži sili. Novata vojska debarkira pri Abidos v Trakija i poema km Konstantinopol. No v rešitelnoto sraženie blgarite, pod rkovodstvoto na [[Wp/isv/Han Tervel|Han Tervel]], totalno ja razbivat. V proslovutata [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Poatie|bitka pri Poatie]] prez [[Wp/isv/732|732]] g. mjusulmanskite vojski, naprednali do sredata na dnešna [[Wp/isv/Francija|Francija]], sa skrušeni ot [[Wp/isv/Franki|franki]]te. Za po-malko ot edin vek arabite szdavat imperija, kojato se prostira ot [[Wp/isv/Indija|Indija]] do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]], kakvato svett ne e viždal dotogava. I navred, kdeto stpvat mjusulmanskite vojski, sledva masovo priobščavane km novata vjara. Ne vsički zavoevanija trajat dlgo. Makar če zapazvat vjarata si v proroka, po-ksno persijcite si izvojuvat nezavisimostta ot arabite. A sled poveče ot 7 stoletija borba hristijanite si vzvrščat [[Wp/isv/Iberijskija poluostrov|Iberijskija poluostrov]] s [[Wp/isv/Rekonkista|Rekonkista]]ta. Mesopotamija i Egipet, ljulki na drevna civilizacija, ostavat za dlgo vv vladenie na arabite, koito vladejat i celija severnoafrikanski brag. Isljamt prodlžava da se razprostranjava prez vekovete daleč otvd granicite na prvonačalnite mjusulmanski zavoevanija. V naši dni toj ima desetki milioni posledovateli v Afrika i Centralna [[Wp/isv/Azija|Azija]] i dori poveče na broj v [[Wp/isv/Pakistan|Pakistan]], Severna Indija i [[Wp/isv/Indonezija|Indonezija]]. Kakto vsički religii isljamt upražnjava ogromno vlijanie vrhu bitieto na svoite posledovateli. == Vlijanie == Ot čisto versko gledišče može da se kaže, če vzdejstvieto na Mohamed vrhu čoveškata istorija e sravnimo s [[Wp/isv/Isus Hristos|Isusovoto]]. Mohamed, za razlika ot Isus, e vodešča figura kakto ot religiozno, taka i ot svetsko gledišče. Edinstvenite podobni uspehi v čoveškata istorija sa zavoevanijata na [[Wp/isv/Mongoli|mongoli]]te prez 13 vek, koito se dlžat glavno na [[Wp/isv/Čingis han|Čingis han]] (''Timurdžin''), na [[Wp/isv/Drevna Makedonija|Drevna Makedonija]] i na [[Wp/isv/Rimskata imperija|Rimskata imperija]]. Makar i po-obširni ot arabskite, te obače se okazvat po-netrajni v ezikov i obščnosten smisl. Arabskite zavoevanija sa po-homogenni, ot [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]] do [[Wp/isv/Maroko|Maroko]] se prostira cjala veriga arabski nacii (do goljama stepen ot arabizirani narodi), obedineni ne samo ot vjarata im v isljama, no i ot obščija im [[Wp/isv/Arabski ezik|arabski ezik]], istorija i kultura. Mohamed e edinstvenijat vodač v istorijata, postignal izključitelni uspehi kakto na versko, taka i na svetsko ravnišče. Makar i ss skromen proizhod, toj razprostranjava edna ot naj-golemite religii v sveta, projavjavajki se kato izvnredno efikasen političeski vodač. Mjastoto na [[Wp/isv/Korana|Korana]] v mjusulmanskoto veroizpovedanie i faktt, če toj e napisan na arabski, sigurno sa poprečili arabskijat ezik da se razpadne na nerarzbiraemi pomeždu im [[Wp/isv/Dialekt|dialekt]]i, koeto inače bi moglo da se sluči prez izminalite 14 veka. Arabskite zavoevanija, vdhnoveni ot Mohamed prez 7 vek, prodlžavat i dnes da igrajat važna rolja v čoveškata istorija. == Vnšni prepratki == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] 1ppsxexcaq30d85gvkcg761hvigb3zg 6685277 6685268 2025-06-13T14:39:03Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati jego [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) go dava za oglědanje kormilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali kormilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznji i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. Kogato Muhamed e na 12 g., ptuva zaedno s čičo si po trgovija do [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]]. Blizo do Basra minavat pokraj obitališčeto na hristijanski otšelnik na ime [[Wp/isv/Bahira|Bahira]], kojto poželava da se sreščne s kervandžiite, za da im kaže, če s tah ptuva bdešč prorok. Prez [[Wp/isv/595|595]] g. Muhammed se vršča v [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] i stava pastir. Po onova vreme rodt na proroka ima finansovi zatrudnenija i zatova toj započva rabota kato kervandžija za bogatata vdovica [[Wp/isv/Hadidža|Hadidža]] (ili Hatidža na [[Wp/isv/Turski|turski]]), nasledila 2 spruzi. Ta e tolkova vpečatlena ot kačestvata na Mohamed, če mu poiskva rkata. Ot neja toj ima četiri dščeri i dvama vnuci – Al-Hasan i Al-Husejn. Dvamata, zaedno s četirimata prvi halifi na vjarata, samija Allah i proroka Mohamed se izpisvat kato 8-te [[Wp/isv/Tugri|tugri]] v kupola na vsaka [[Wp/isv/Džamija|džamija]]. Po otnošenie na poklonenieto km tlennite ostanki na naslednicite na Proroka vznikvat različijata meždu [[Wp/isv/Šiiti|šiiti]]te (ot ''šaiat Ali'' ili „drugarite na Ali“ – poklonnici na predanieto, proizlizaščo ot Ali, zeta na Mohamed i negov prvi bratovčed) i [[Wp/isv/Suniti|suniti]]te (smjatašči, če vrzkata meždu Allah i horata trabva da bde črez tekstovete na Korana i propovedta na Mohamed). Kogato nabližava 40-ata mu godišnina, vse ošče lipsvat vnšni priznaci, če e zabeležitelna ličnost. Po onova vreme povečeto arabi sa [[Wp/isv/Ezičnici|ezičnici]], vjarvašči v mnogo božestva. == Otkrovenija == Okolo [[Wp/isv/610|610]] g. Mohamed započva da se uedinjava v peščerata Hira na planinata Nur v okolnostite na Meka po vreme na mesec [[Wp/isv/Ramadan|Ramadan]]. Tam toj posti i se otdava na molitvi. Edna nošč e poseten ot [[Wp/isv/Arhangel|arhangel]] [[Wp/isv/Gabriel|Gavrail]] (Džibril), kojto mu zapovjadva: ''„Četi“'' ili ''„Recitiraj“''. Spored isljamskata tradicija Mohamed e negramoten i ne može da čete. Vpečatlen ot slučkata, toj se vršča pri Hadidža, kojato go priznava za [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorok]] i priema [[Wp/isv/Isljama|isljama]]. Skoro ta e posledvana ot edva 10-godišnija bratovčed na Mohamed [[Wp/isv/Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali]] i blizkija prijatel na proroka [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]]. V prodlženie na dlgi godini Džibril razkriva na proroka Božieto slovo – sdržanieto na [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]]a. Mohamed propovjadva 3 g. samo na blizki prijateli i poznati. Posle, km [[Wp/isv/613|613]] g., se otdava na publični [[Wp/isv/Propoved|propoved]]i. == Hidžra == Kogato započva da pečeli privrženici, vlastite v Meka započvat da go smjatat za opasen. Mohamed se čuvstva zastrašen i prez 622 g. se preselva v grad [[Wp/isv/Jasrib|Jasrib]] – Medina (na okolo 450 kilometra severno ot Meka), kdeto mu predlagat ubežišče. Tova preselenie, narečeno [[Wp/isv/Hidžra|hidžra]], e povratna točka v života na proroka. Ot hidžrata započva [[Wp/isv/Isljamski kalendar|mjusulmanskoto letobroene]]. V Meka toj njama mnogo posledovateli, no v Medina te sa daleč poveče i skoro dobiva vlijanie, koeto faktičeski go pravi absoljuten vlastelin. Prez sledvaščite njakolko godini, kogato [[Wp/isv/Mjusulmanite|mjusulmanite]] brzo narastvat, se vodat redica bitki meždu Medina i Meka. Tazi vojna završva prez [[Wp/isv/630|630]] g. i Mohamed se završča pobedonosno v Meka kato zavoevatel. Prez ostanalite 2,5 g. ot života mu [[Wp/isv/Arabi|arabskite plemena]] brzo se priobščavat km novata religija. == Ekspanzija na isljama == Kogato umira v ponedelnik [[Wp/isv/8 juni|8 juni]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] g., Mohamed e veče istinski upravnik na cjala Južna Arabija. [[Wp/isv/Beduini|Beduinskite plemena]] v [[Wp/isv/Arabski poluostrov|Arabija]] se slavjat kato bezstrašni voini, ala te sa malobrojni i razdirani ot razedinenie i mežduosobni bitki, ne mogat da se merat s po-golemite armii na kralstvata, ustanovili se v [[Wp/isv/Zemedelie|zemedelskite]] rajoni na sever. Obedineni ot Mohamed za prvi pt v istorijata i vdhnovjavani ot plamennata si vjara v [[Wp/isv/Monoteizm|edin-edinstven bog]], tezi arabski bojci se vpuskat v poredica ot naj-izumitelni zavoevanija v čoveškata istorija. Na severoiztok ot Arabija leži obširnata novo[[Wp/isv/Persijska imperija|persijska imperija]] na [[Wp/isv/Sasanidi|Sasanidi]]te; daleč na severozapad e [[Wp/isv/Vizantija|Vizantija]], ili [[Wp/isv/Iztočnata rimska imperija|Iztočnata rimska imperija]] s centr [[Wp/isv/Konstantinopol|Konstantinopol]]. Količestveno arabite ne mogat da se sravnjavat s protivnicite si. Obače na bojnoto pole položenieto e svsem različno i voduševenite arabi brzo zavladavat cjala [[Wp/isv/Mesopotamija|Mesopotamija]], [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]] i [[Wp/isv/Palestina|Palestina]]. Prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. [[Wp/isv/Egipet|Egipet]] e otksnat ot Vizantijskata imperija, a persijskite vojski sa smazani pri golemite boeve okolo [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Kadisija|Kadisija]] prez [[Wp/isv/637|637]] g. i [[Wp/isv/Nefavend|Nefavend]] prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. No dori tezi ogromni zavoevanija, postignati pod rkovodstvoto na naj-blizkite prijateli i priemnici na Mohamed – [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]] i [[Wp/isv/Omar Ibn Al-Hatab|Omar Ibn Al-Hatab]], ne slagat kraj na arabskoto našestvie. Prez [[Wp/isv/711|711]] g. arabskite armii veče sa pregazili Severna [[Wp/isv/Afrika|Afrika]] čak do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]]. Ottam te se nasočvat na sever, prebroždat [[Wp/isv/Gibraltarski protok|Gibraltarskija protok]] i [[Wp/isv/Arabsko-isljamsko zavojuvane na Iberijskija poluostrov|zavladavat Iberijskija poluostrov]]. Pet godini po-ksno arabite napadat Konstantinopol po suša i more, predvoždani ot Maslama, brat na halif Sulejman ibn Abd al Malik. Te idvat s neviždana za epohata armija – 200 000 duši i 5000 koraba. Po onova vreme se poražda opasenie, če mjusulmanite mogat da pokorat cjala hristijanska [[Wp/isv/Evropa|Evropa]]. Sled neuspešna ednogodišna obsada, prez ljatoto na 718 g. arabite polučavat sveži sili. Novata vojska debarkira pri Abidos v Trakija i poema km Konstantinopol. No v rešitelnoto sraženie blgarite, pod rkovodstvoto na [[Wp/isv/Han Tervel|Han Tervel]], totalno ja razbivat. V proslovutata [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Poatie|bitka pri Poatie]] prez [[Wp/isv/732|732]] g. mjusulmanskite vojski, naprednali do sredata na dnešna [[Wp/isv/Francija|Francija]], sa skrušeni ot [[Wp/isv/Franki|franki]]te. Za po-malko ot edin vek arabite szdavat imperija, kojato se prostira ot [[Wp/isv/Indija|Indija]] do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]], kakvato svett ne e viždal dotogava. I navred, kdeto stpvat mjusulmanskite vojski, sledva masovo priobščavane km novata vjara. Ne vsički zavoevanija trajat dlgo. Makar če zapazvat vjarata si v proroka, po-ksno persijcite si izvojuvat nezavisimostta ot arabite. A sled poveče ot 7 stoletija borba hristijanite si vzvrščat [[Wp/isv/Iberijskija poluostrov|Iberijskija poluostrov]] s [[Wp/isv/Rekonkista|Rekonkista]]ta. Mesopotamija i Egipet, ljulki na drevna civilizacija, ostavat za dlgo vv vladenie na arabite, koito vladejat i celija severnoafrikanski brag. Isljamt prodlžava da se razprostranjava prez vekovete daleč otvd granicite na prvonačalnite mjusulmanski zavoevanija. V naši dni toj ima desetki milioni posledovateli v Afrika i Centralna [[Wp/isv/Azija|Azija]] i dori poveče na broj v [[Wp/isv/Pakistan|Pakistan]], Severna Indija i [[Wp/isv/Indonezija|Indonezija]]. Kakto vsički religii isljamt upražnjava ogromno vlijanie vrhu bitieto na svoite posledovateli. == Vlijanie == Ot čisto versko gledišče može da se kaže, če vzdejstvieto na Mohamed vrhu čoveškata istorija e sravnimo s [[Wp/isv/Isus Hristos|Isusovoto]]. Mohamed, za razlika ot Isus, e vodešča figura kakto ot religiozno, taka i ot svetsko gledišče. Edinstvenite podobni uspehi v čoveškata istorija sa zavoevanijata na [[Wp/isv/Mongoli|mongoli]]te prez 13 vek, koito se dlžat glavno na [[Wp/isv/Čingis han|Čingis han]] (''Timurdžin''), na [[Wp/isv/Drevna Makedonija|Drevna Makedonija]] i na [[Wp/isv/Rimskata imperija|Rimskata imperija]]. Makar i po-obširni ot arabskite, te obače se okazvat po-netrajni v ezikov i obščnosten smisl. Arabskite zavoevanija sa po-homogenni, ot [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]] do [[Wp/isv/Maroko|Maroko]] se prostira cjala veriga arabski nacii (do goljama stepen ot arabizirani narodi), obedineni ne samo ot vjarata im v isljama, no i ot obščija im [[Wp/isv/Arabski ezik|arabski ezik]], istorija i kultura. Mohamed e edinstvenijat vodač v istorijata, postignal izključitelni uspehi kakto na versko, taka i na svetsko ravnišče. Makar i ss skromen proizhod, toj razprostranjava edna ot naj-golemite religii v sveta, projavjavajki se kato izvnredno efikasen političeski vodač. Mjastoto na [[Wp/isv/Korana|Korana]] v mjusulmanskoto veroizpovedanie i faktt, če toj e napisan na arabski, sigurno sa poprečili arabskijat ezik da se razpadne na nerarzbiraemi pomeždu im [[Wp/isv/Dialekt|dialekt]]i, koeto inače bi moglo da se sluči prez izminalite 14 veka. Arabskite zavoevanija, vdhnoveni ot Mohamed prez 7 vek, prodlžavat i dnes da igrajat važna rolja v čoveškata istorija. == Vnšni prepratki == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] 2d9ahxgtsdv0jy9kxohu3dqyvptp613 6685289 6685277 2025-06-13T14:45:37Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. Kogato Muhamed e na 12 g., ptuva zaedno s čičo si po trgovija do [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]]. Blizo do Basra minavat pokraj obitališčeto na hristijanski otšelnik na ime [[Wp/isv/Bahira|Bahira]], kojto poželava da se sreščne s kervandžiite, za da im kaže, če s tah ptuva bdešč prorok. Prez [[Wp/isv/595|595]] g. Muhammed se vršča v [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] i stava pastir. Po onova vreme rodt na proroka ima finansovi zatrudnenija i zatova toj započva rabota kato kervandžija za bogatata vdovica [[Wp/isv/Hadidža|Hadidža]] (ili Hatidža na [[Wp/isv/Turski|turski]]), nasledila 2 spruzi. Ta e tolkova vpečatlena ot kačestvata na Mohamed, če mu poiskva rkata. Ot neja toj ima četiri dščeri i dvama vnuci – Al-Hasan i Al-Husejn. Dvamata, zaedno s četirimata prvi halifi na vjarata, samija Allah i proroka Mohamed se izpisvat kato 8-te [[Wp/isv/Tugri|tugri]] v kupola na vsaka [[Wp/isv/Džamija|džamija]]. Po otnošenie na poklonenieto km tlennite ostanki na naslednicite na Proroka vznikvat različijata meždu [[Wp/isv/Šiiti|šiiti]]te (ot ''šaiat Ali'' ili „drugarite na Ali“ – poklonnici na predanieto, proizlizaščo ot Ali, zeta na Mohamed i negov prvi bratovčed) i [[Wp/isv/Suniti|suniti]]te (smjatašči, če vrzkata meždu Allah i horata trabva da bde črez tekstovete na Korana i propovedta na Mohamed). Kogato nabližava 40-ata mu godišnina, vse ošče lipsvat vnšni priznaci, če e zabeležitelna ličnost. Po onova vreme povečeto arabi sa [[Wp/isv/Ezičnici|ezičnici]], vjarvašči v mnogo božestva. == Otkrovenija == Okolo [[Wp/isv/610|610]] g. Mohamed započva da se uedinjava v peščerata Hira na planinata Nur v okolnostite na Meka po vreme na mesec [[Wp/isv/Ramadan|Ramadan]]. Tam toj posti i se otdava na molitvi. Edna nošč e poseten ot [[Wp/isv/Arhangel|arhangel]] [[Wp/isv/Gabriel|Gavrail]] (Džibril), kojto mu zapovjadva: ''„Četi“'' ili ''„Recitiraj“''. Spored isljamskata tradicija Mohamed e negramoten i ne može da čete. Vpečatlen ot slučkata, toj se vršča pri Hadidža, kojato go priznava za [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorok]] i priema [[Wp/isv/Isljama|isljama]]. Skoro ta e posledvana ot edva 10-godišnija bratovčed na Mohamed [[Wp/isv/Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali]] i blizkija prijatel na proroka [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]]. V prodlženie na dlgi godini Džibril razkriva na proroka Božieto slovo – sdržanieto na [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]]a. Mohamed propovjadva 3 g. samo na blizki prijateli i poznati. Posle, km [[Wp/isv/613|613]] g., se otdava na publični [[Wp/isv/Propoved|propoved]]i. == Hidžra == Kogato započva da pečeli privrženici, vlastite v Meka započvat da go smjatat za opasen. Mohamed se čuvstva zastrašen i prez 622 g. se preselva v grad [[Wp/isv/Jasrib|Jasrib]] – Medina (na okolo 450 kilometra severno ot Meka), kdeto mu predlagat ubežišče. Tova preselenie, narečeno [[Wp/isv/Hidžra|hidžra]], e povratna točka v života na proroka. Ot hidžrata započva [[Wp/isv/Isljamski kalendar|mjusulmanskoto letobroene]]. V Meka toj njama mnogo posledovateli, no v Medina te sa daleč poveče i skoro dobiva vlijanie, koeto faktičeski go pravi absoljuten vlastelin. Prez sledvaščite njakolko godini, kogato [[Wp/isv/Mjusulmanite|mjusulmanite]] brzo narastvat, se vodat redica bitki meždu Medina i Meka. Tazi vojna završva prez [[Wp/isv/630|630]] g. i Mohamed se završča pobedonosno v Meka kato zavoevatel. Prez ostanalite 2,5 g. ot života mu [[Wp/isv/Arabi|arabskite plemena]] brzo se priobščavat km novata religija. == Ekspanzija na isljama == Kogato umira v ponedelnik [[Wp/isv/8 juni|8 juni]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] g., Mohamed e veče istinski upravnik na cjala Južna Arabija. [[Wp/isv/Beduini|Beduinskite plemena]] v [[Wp/isv/Arabski poluostrov|Arabija]] se slavjat kato bezstrašni voini, ala te sa malobrojni i razdirani ot razedinenie i mežduosobni bitki, ne mogat da se merat s po-golemite armii na kralstvata, ustanovili se v [[Wp/isv/Zemedelie|zemedelskite]] rajoni na sever. Obedineni ot Mohamed za prvi pt v istorijata i vdhnovjavani ot plamennata si vjara v [[Wp/isv/Monoteizm|edin-edinstven bog]], tezi arabski bojci se vpuskat v poredica ot naj-izumitelni zavoevanija v čoveškata istorija. Na severoiztok ot Arabija leži obširnata novo[[Wp/isv/Persijska imperija|persijska imperija]] na [[Wp/isv/Sasanidi|Sasanidi]]te; daleč na severozapad e [[Wp/isv/Vizantija|Vizantija]], ili [[Wp/isv/Iztočnata rimska imperija|Iztočnata rimska imperija]] s centr [[Wp/isv/Konstantinopol|Konstantinopol]]. Količestveno arabite ne mogat da se sravnjavat s protivnicite si. Obače na bojnoto pole položenieto e svsem različno i voduševenite arabi brzo zavladavat cjala [[Wp/isv/Mesopotamija|Mesopotamija]], [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]] i [[Wp/isv/Palestina|Palestina]]. Prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. [[Wp/isv/Egipet|Egipet]] e otksnat ot Vizantijskata imperija, a persijskite vojski sa smazani pri golemite boeve okolo [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Kadisija|Kadisija]] prez [[Wp/isv/637|637]] g. i [[Wp/isv/Nefavend|Nefavend]] prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. No dori tezi ogromni zavoevanija, postignati pod rkovodstvoto na naj-blizkite prijateli i priemnici na Mohamed – [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]] i [[Wp/isv/Omar Ibn Al-Hatab|Omar Ibn Al-Hatab]], ne slagat kraj na arabskoto našestvie. Prez [[Wp/isv/711|711]] g. arabskite armii veče sa pregazili Severna [[Wp/isv/Afrika|Afrika]] čak do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]]. Ottam te se nasočvat na sever, prebroždat [[Wp/isv/Gibraltarski protok|Gibraltarskija protok]] i [[Wp/isv/Arabsko-isljamsko zavojuvane na Iberijskija poluostrov|zavladavat Iberijskija poluostrov]]. Pet godini po-ksno arabite napadat Konstantinopol po suša i more, predvoždani ot Maslama, brat na halif Sulejman ibn Abd al Malik. Te idvat s neviždana za epohata armija – 200 000 duši i 5000 koraba. Po onova vreme se poražda opasenie, če mjusulmanite mogat da pokorat cjala hristijanska [[Wp/isv/Evropa|Evropa]]. Sled neuspešna ednogodišna obsada, prez ljatoto na 718 g. arabite polučavat sveži sili. Novata vojska debarkira pri Abidos v Trakija i poema km Konstantinopol. No v rešitelnoto sraženie blgarite, pod rkovodstvoto na [[Wp/isv/Han Tervel|Han Tervel]], totalno ja razbivat. V proslovutata [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Poatie|bitka pri Poatie]] prez [[Wp/isv/732|732]] g. mjusulmanskite vojski, naprednali do sredata na dnešna [[Wp/isv/Francija|Francija]], sa skrušeni ot [[Wp/isv/Franki|franki]]te. Za po-malko ot edin vek arabite szdavat imperija, kojato se prostira ot [[Wp/isv/Indija|Indija]] do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]], kakvato svett ne e viždal dotogava. I navred, kdeto stpvat mjusulmanskite vojski, sledva masovo priobščavane km novata vjara. Ne vsički zavoevanija trajat dlgo. Makar če zapazvat vjarata si v proroka, po-ksno persijcite si izvojuvat nezavisimostta ot arabite. A sled poveče ot 7 stoletija borba hristijanite si vzvrščat [[Wp/isv/Iberijskija poluostrov|Iberijskija poluostrov]] s [[Wp/isv/Rekonkista|Rekonkista]]ta. Mesopotamija i Egipet, ljulki na drevna civilizacija, ostavat za dlgo vv vladenie na arabite, koito vladejat i celija severnoafrikanski brag. Isljamt prodlžava da se razprostranjava prez vekovete daleč otvd granicite na prvonačalnite mjusulmanski zavoevanija. V naši dni toj ima desetki milioni posledovateli v Afrika i Centralna [[Wp/isv/Azija|Azija]] i dori poveče na broj v [[Wp/isv/Pakistan|Pakistan]], Severna Indija i [[Wp/isv/Indonezija|Indonezija]]. Kakto vsički religii isljamt upražnjava ogromno vlijanie vrhu bitieto na svoite posledovateli. == Vlijanie == Ot čisto versko gledišče može da se kaže, če vzdejstvieto na Mohamed vrhu čoveškata istorija e sravnimo s [[Wp/isv/Isus Hristos|Isusovoto]]. Mohamed, za razlika ot Isus, e vodešča figura kakto ot religiozno, taka i ot svetsko gledišče. Edinstvenite podobni uspehi v čoveškata istorija sa zavoevanijata na [[Wp/isv/Mongoli|mongoli]]te prez 13 vek, koito se dlžat glavno na [[Wp/isv/Čingis han|Čingis han]] (''Timurdžin''), na [[Wp/isv/Drevna Makedonija|Drevna Makedonija]] i na [[Wp/isv/Rimskata imperija|Rimskata imperija]]. Makar i po-obširni ot arabskite, te obače se okazvat po-netrajni v ezikov i obščnosten smisl. Arabskite zavoevanija sa po-homogenni, ot [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]] do [[Wp/isv/Maroko|Maroko]] se prostira cjala veriga arabski nacii (do goljama stepen ot arabizirani narodi), obedineni ne samo ot vjarata im v isljama, no i ot obščija im [[Wp/isv/Arabski ezik|arabski ezik]], istorija i kultura. Mohamed e edinstvenijat vodač v istorijata, postignal izključitelni uspehi kakto na versko, taka i na svetsko ravnišče. Makar i ss skromen proizhod, toj razprostranjava edna ot naj-golemite religii v sveta, projavjavajki se kato izvnredno efikasen političeski vodač. Mjastoto na [[Wp/isv/Korana|Korana]] v mjusulmanskoto veroizpovedanie i faktt, če toj e napisan na arabski, sigurno sa poprečili arabskijat ezik da se razpadne na nerarzbiraemi pomeždu im [[Wp/isv/Dialekt|dialekt]]i, koeto inače bi moglo da se sluči prez izminalite 14 veka. Arabskite zavoevanija, vdhnoveni ot Mohamed prez 7 vek, prodlžavat i dnes da igrajat važna rolja v čoveškata istorija. == Vnšni prepratki == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] f0pt3qjutc924e0x1frrz2qw12iyj4t 6685300 6685289 2025-06-13T14:48:00Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. Kogato Muhamed e na 12 g., ptuva zaedno s čičo si po trgovija do [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]]. Blizo do Basra minavat pokraj obitališčeto na hristijanski otšelnik na ime [[Wp/isv/Bahira|Bahira]], kojto poželava da se sreščne s kervandžiite, za da im kaže, če s tah ptuva bdešč prorok. Prez [[Wp/isv/595|595]] g. Muhammed se vršča v [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] i stava pastir. Po onova vreme rodt na proroka ima finansovi zatrudnenija i zatova toj započva rabota kato kervandžija za bogatata vdovica [[Wp/isv/Hadidža|Hadidža]] (ili Hatidža na [[Wp/isv/Turski|turski]]), nasledila 2 spruzi. Ta e tolkova vpečatlena ot kačestvata na Mohamed, če mu poiskva rkata. Ot neja toj ima četiri dščeri i dvama vnuci – Al-Hasan i Al-Husejn. Dvamata, zaedno s četirimata prvi halifi na vjarata, samija Allah i proroka Mohamed se izpisvat kato 8-te [[Wp/isv/Tugri|tugri]] v kupola na vsaka [[Wp/isv/Džamija|džamija]]. Po otnošenie na poklonenieto km tlennite ostanki na naslednicite na Proroka vznikvat različijata meždu [[Wp/isv/Šiiti|šiiti]]te (ot ''šaiat Ali'' ili „drugarite na Ali“ – poklonnici na predanieto, proizlizaščo ot Ali, zeta na Mohamed i negov prvi bratovčed) i [[Wp/isv/Suniti|suniti]]te (smjatašči, če vrzkata meždu Allah i horata trabva da bde črez tekstovete na Korana i propovedta na Mohamed). Kogato nabližava 40-ata mu godišnina, vse ošče lipsvat vnšni priznaci, če e zabeležitelna ličnost. Po onova vreme povečeto arabi sa [[Wp/isv/Ezičnici|ezičnici]], vjarvašči v mnogo božestva. == Otkrovenija == Okolo [[Wp/isv/610|610]] g. Mohamed započva da se uedinjava v peščerata Hira na planinata Nur v okolnostite na Meka po vreme na mesec [[Wp/isv/Ramadan|Ramadan]]. Tam toj posti i se otdava na molitvi. Edna nošč e poseten ot [[Wp/isv/Arhangel|arhangel]] [[Wp/isv/Gabriel|Gavrail]] (Džibril), kojto mu zapovjadva: ''„Četi“'' ili ''„Recitiraj“''. Spored isljamskata tradicija Mohamed e negramoten i ne može da čete. Vpečatlen ot slučkata, toj se vršča pri Hadidža, kojato go priznava za [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorok]] i priema [[Wp/isv/Isljama|isljama]]. Skoro ta e posledvana ot edva 10-godišnija bratovčed na Mohamed [[Wp/isv/Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali]] i blizkija prijatel na proroka [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]]. V prodlženie na dlgi godini Džibril razkriva na proroka Božieto slovo – sdržanieto na [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]]a. Mohamed propovjadva 3 g. samo na blizki prijateli i poznati. Posle, km [[Wp/isv/613|613]] g., se otdava na publični [[Wp/isv/Propoved|propoved]]i. == Hidžra == Kogato započva da pečeli privrženici, vlastite v Meka započvat da go smjatat za opasen. Mohamed se čuvstva zastrašen i prez 622 g. se preselva v grad [[Wp/isv/Jasrib|Jasrib]] – Medina (na okolo 450 kilometra severno ot Meka), kdeto mu predlagat ubežišče. Tova preselenie, narečeno [[Wp/isv/Hidžra|hidžra]], e povratna točka v života na proroka. Ot hidžrata započva [[Wp/isv/Isljamski kalendar|mjusulmanskoto letobroene]]. V Meka toj njama mnogo posledovateli, no v Medina te sa daleč poveče i skoro dobiva vlijanie, koeto faktičeski go pravi absoljuten vlastelin. Prez sledvaščite njakolko godini, kogato [[Wp/isv/Mjusulmanite|mjusulmanite]] brzo narastvat, se vodat redica bitki meždu Medina i Meka. Tazi vojna završva prez [[Wp/isv/630|630]] g. i Mohamed se završča pobedonosno v Meka kato zavoevatel. Prez ostanalite 2,5 g. ot života mu [[Wp/isv/Arabi|arabskite plemena]] brzo se priobščavat km novata religija. == Ekspanzija na isljama == Kogato umira v ponedelnik [[Wp/isv/8 juni|8 juni]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] g., Mohamed e veče istinski upravnik na cjala Južna Arabija. [[Wp/isv/Beduini|Beduinskite plemena]] v [[Wp/isv/Arabski poluostrov|Arabija]] se slavjat kato bezstrašni voini, ala te sa malobrojni i razdirani ot razedinenie i mežduosobni bitki, ne mogat da se merat s po-golemite armii na kralstvata, ustanovili se v [[Wp/isv/Zemedelie|zemedelskite]] rajoni na sever. Obedineni ot Mohamed za prvi pt v istorijata i vdhnovjavani ot plamennata si vjara v [[Wp/isv/Monoteizm|edin-edinstven bog]], tezi arabski bojci se vpuskat v poredica ot naj-izumitelni zavoevanija v čoveškata istorija. Na severoiztok ot Arabija leži obširnata novo[[Wp/isv/Persijska imperija|persijska imperija]] na [[Wp/isv/Sasanidi|Sasanidi]]te; daleč na severozapad e [[Wp/isv/Vizantija|Vizantija]], ili [[Wp/isv/Iztočnata rimska imperija|Iztočnata rimska imperija]] s centr [[Wp/isv/Konstantinopol|Konstantinopol]]. Količestveno arabite ne mogat da se sravnjavat s protivnicite si. Obače na bojnoto pole položenieto e svsem različno i voduševenite arabi brzo zavladavat cjala [[Wp/isv/Mesopotamija|Mesopotamija]], [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]] i [[Wp/isv/Palestina|Palestina]]. Prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. [[Wp/isv/Egipet|Egipet]] e otksnat ot Vizantijskata imperija, a persijskite vojski sa smazani pri golemite boeve okolo [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Kadisija|Kadisija]] prez [[Wp/isv/637|637]] g. i [[Wp/isv/Nefavend|Nefavend]] prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. No dori tezi ogromni zavoevanija, postignati pod rkovodstvoto na naj-blizkite prijateli i priemnici na Mohamed – [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]] i [[Wp/isv/Omar Ibn Al-Hatab|Omar Ibn Al-Hatab]], ne slagat kraj na arabskoto našestvie. Prez [[Wp/isv/711|711]] g. arabskite armii veče sa pregazili Severna [[Wp/isv/Afrika|Afrika]] čak do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]]. Ottam te se nasočvat na sever, prebroždat [[Wp/isv/Gibraltarski protok|Gibraltarskija protok]] i [[Wp/isv/Arabsko-isljamsko zavojuvane na Iberijskija poluostrov|zavladavat Iberijskija poluostrov]]. Pet godini po-ksno arabite napadat Konstantinopol po suša i more, predvoždani ot Maslama, brat na halif Sulejman ibn Abd al Malik. Te idvat s neviždana za epohata armija – 200 000 duši i 5000 koraba. Po onova vreme se poražda opasenie, če mjusulmanite mogat da pokorat cjala hristijanska [[Wp/isv/Evropa|Evropa]]. Sled neuspešna ednogodišna obsada, prez ljatoto na 718 g. arabite polučavat sveži sili. Novata vojska debarkira pri Abidos v Trakija i poema km Konstantinopol. No v rešitelnoto sraženie blgarite, pod rkovodstvoto na [[Wp/isv/Han Tervel|Han Tervel]], totalno ja razbivat. V proslovutata [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Poatie|bitka pri Poatie]] prez [[Wp/isv/732|732]] g. mjusulmanskite vojski, naprednali do sredata na dnešna [[Wp/isv/Francija|Francija]], sa skrušeni ot [[Wp/isv/Franki|franki]]te. Za po-malko ot edin vek arabite szdavat imperija, kojato se prostira ot [[Wp/isv/Indija|Indija]] do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]], kakvato svett ne e viždal dotogava. I navred, kdeto stpvat mjusulmanskite vojski, sledva masovo priobščavane km novata vjara. Ne vsički zavoevanija trajat dlgo. Makar če zapazvat vjarata si v proroka, po-ksno persijcite si izvojuvat nezavisimostta ot arabite. A sled poveče ot 7 stoletija borba hristijanite si vzvrščat [[Wp/isv/Iberijskija poluostrov|Iberijskija poluostrov]] s [[Wp/isv/Rekonkista|Rekonkista]]ta. Mesopotamija i Egipet, ljulki na drevna civilizacija, ostavat za dlgo vv vladenie na arabite, koito vladejat i celija severnoafrikanski brag. Isljamt prodlžava da se razprostranjava prez vekovete daleč otvd granicite na prvonačalnite mjusulmanski zavoevanija. V naši dni toj ima desetki milioni posledovateli v Afrika i Centralna [[Wp/isv/Azija|Azija]] i dori poveče na broj v [[Wp/isv/Pakistan|Pakistan]], Severna Indija i [[Wp/isv/Indonezija|Indonezija]]. Kakto vsički religii isljamt upražnjava ogromno vlijanie vrhu bitieto na svoite posledovateli. == Vlijanie == Ot čisto versko gledišče može da se kaže, če vzdejstvieto na Mohamed vrhu čoveškata istorija e sravnimo s [[Wp/isv/Isus Hristos|Isusovoto]]. Mohamed, za razlika ot Isus, e vodešča figura kakto ot religiozno, taka i ot svetsko gledišče. Edinstvenite podobni uspehi v čoveškata istorija sa zavoevanijata na [[Wp/isv/Mongoli|mongoli]]te prez 13 vek, koito se dlžat glavno na [[Wp/isv/Čingis han|Čingis han]] (''Timurdžin''), na [[Wp/isv/Drevna Makedonija|Drevna Makedonija]] i na [[Wp/isv/Rimskata imperija|Rimskata imperija]]. Makar i po-obširni ot arabskite, te obače se okazvat po-netrajni v ezikov i obščnosten smisl. Arabskite zavoevanija sa po-homogenni, ot [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]] do [[Wp/isv/Maroko|Maroko]] se prostira cjala veriga arabski nacii (do goljama stepen ot arabizirani narodi), obedineni ne samo ot vjarata im v isljama, no i ot obščija im [[Wp/isv/Arabski ezik|arabski ezik]], istorija i kultura. Mohamed e edinstvenijat vodač v istorijata, postignal izključitelni uspehi kakto na versko, taka i na svetsko ravnišče. Makar i ss skromen proizhod, toj razprostranjava edna ot naj-golemite religii v sveta, projavjavajki se kato izvnredno efikasen političeski vodač. Mjastoto na [[Wp/isv/Korana|Korana]] v mjusulmanskoto veroizpovedanie i faktt, če toj e napisan na arabski, sigurno sa poprečili arabskijat ezik da se razpadne na nerarzbiraemi pomeždu im [[Wp/isv/Dialekt|dialekt]]i, koeto inače bi moglo da se sluči prez izminalite 14 veka. Arabskite zavoevanija, vdhnoveni ot Mohamed prez 7 vek, prodlžavat i dnes da igrajat važna rolja v čoveškata istorija. == Vnšni prepratki == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] 3rlga7dsek50qyx1b2tabpe9ibtohfh 6685555 6685300 2025-06-13T20:06:12Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], <sup>{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}</sup>), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovom centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. Kogato Muhamed e na 12 g., ptuva zaedno s čičo si po trgovija do [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]]. Blizo do Basra minavat pokraj obitališčeto na hristijanski otšelnik na ime [[Wp/isv/Bahira|Bahira]], kojto poželava da se sreščne s kervandžiite, za da im kaže, če s tah ptuva bdešč prorok. Prez [[Wp/isv/595|595]] g. Muhammed se vršča v [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] i stava pastir. Po onova vreme rodt na proroka ima finansovi zatrudnenija i zatova toj započva rabota kato kervandžija za bogatata vdovica [[Wp/isv/Hadidža|Hadidža]] (ili Hatidža na [[Wp/isv/Turski|turski]]), nasledila 2 spruzi. Ta e tolkova vpečatlena ot kačestvata na Mohamed, če mu poiskva rkata. Ot neja toj ima četiri dščeri i dvama vnuci – Al-Hasan i Al-Husejn. Dvamata, zaedno s četirimata prvi halifi na vjarata, samija Allah i proroka Mohamed se izpisvat kato 8-te [[Wp/isv/Tugri|tugri]] v kupola na vsaka [[Wp/isv/Džamija|džamija]]. Po otnošenie na poklonenieto km tlennite ostanki na naslednicite na Proroka vznikvat različijata meždu [[Wp/isv/Šiiti|šiiti]]te (ot ''šaiat Ali'' ili „drugarite na Ali“ – poklonnici na predanieto, proizlizaščo ot Ali, zeta na Mohamed i negov prvi bratovčed) i [[Wp/isv/Suniti|suniti]]te (smjatašči, če vrzkata meždu Allah i horata trabva da bde črez tekstovete na Korana i propovedta na Mohamed). Kogato nabližava 40-ata mu godišnina, vse ošče lipsvat vnšni priznaci, če e zabeležitelna ličnost. Po onova vreme povečeto arabi sa [[Wp/isv/Ezičnici|ezičnici]], vjarvašči v mnogo božestva. == Otkrovenija == Okolo [[Wp/isv/610|610]] g. Mohamed započva da se uedinjava v peščerata Hira na planinata Nur v okolnostite na Meka po vreme na mesec [[Wp/isv/Ramadan|Ramadan]]. Tam toj posti i se otdava na molitvi. Edna nošč e poseten ot [[Wp/isv/Arhangel|arhangel]] [[Wp/isv/Gabriel|Gavrail]] (Džibril), kojto mu zapovjadva: ''„Četi“'' ili ''„Recitiraj“''. Spored isljamskata tradicija Mohamed e negramoten i ne može da čete. Vpečatlen ot slučkata, toj se vršča pri Hadidža, kojato go priznava za [[Wp/isv/Prorok|prorok]] i priema [[Wp/isv/Isljama|isljama]]. Skoro ta e posledvana ot edva 10-godišnija bratovčed na Mohamed [[Wp/isv/Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali]] i blizkija prijatel na proroka [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]]. V prodlženie na dlgi godini Džibril razkriva na proroka Božieto slovo – sdržanieto na [[Wp/isv/Koran|Koran]]a. Mohamed propovjadva 3 g. samo na blizki prijateli i poznati. Posle, km [[Wp/isv/613|613]] g., se otdava na publični [[Wp/isv/Propoved|propoved]]i. == Hidžra == Kogato započva da pečeli privrženici, vlastite v Meka započvat da go smjatat za opasen. Mohamed se čuvstva zastrašen i prez 622 g. se preselva v grad [[Wp/isv/Jasrib|Jasrib]] – Medina (na okolo 450 kilometra severno ot Meka), kdeto mu predlagat ubežišče. Tova preselenie, narečeno [[Wp/isv/Hidžra|hidžra]], e povratna točka v života na proroka. Ot hidžrata započva [[Wp/isv/Isljamski kalendar|mjusulmanskoto letobroene]]. V Meka toj njama mnogo posledovateli, no v Medina te sa daleč poveče i skoro dobiva vlijanie, koeto faktičeski go pravi absoljuten vlastelin. Prez sledvaščite njakolko godini, kogato [[Wp/isv/Mjusulmanite|mjusulmanite]] brzo narastvat, se vodat redica bitki meždu Medina i Meka. Tazi vojna završva prez [[Wp/isv/630|630]] g. i Mohamed se završča pobedonosno v Meka kato zavoevatel. Prez ostanalite 2,5 g. ot života mu [[Wp/isv/Arabi|arabskite plemena]] brzo se priobščavat km novata religija. == Ekspanzija na isljama == Kogato umira v ponedelnik [[Wp/isv/8 juni|8 juni]] [[Wp/isv/632|632]] g., Mohamed e veče istinski upravnik na cjala Južna Arabija. [[Wp/isv/Beduini|Beduinskite plemena]] v [[Wp/isv/Arabski poluostrov|Arabija]] se slavjat kato bezstrašni voini, ala te sa malobrojni i razdirani ot razedinenie i mežduosobni bitki, ne mogat da se merat s po-golemite armii na kralstvata, ustanovili se v [[Wp/isv/Zemedelie|zemedelskite]] rajoni na sever. Obedineni ot Mohamed za prvi pt v istorijata i vdhnovjavani ot plamennata si vjara v [[Wp/isv/Monoteizm|edin-edinstven bog]], tezi arabski bojci se vpuskat v poredica ot naj-izumitelni zavoevanija v čoveškata istorija. Na severoiztok ot Arabija leži obširnata novo[[Wp/isv/Persijska imperija|persijska imperija]] na [[Wp/isv/Sasanidi|Sasanidi]]te; daleč na severozapad e [[Wp/isv/Vizantija|Vizantija]], ili [[Wp/isv/Iztočnata rimska imperija|Iztočnata rimska imperija]] s centr [[Wp/isv/Konstantinopol|Konstantinopol]]. Količestveno arabite ne mogat da se sravnjavat s protivnicite si. Obače na bojnoto pole položenieto e svsem različno i voduševenite arabi brzo zavladavat cjala [[Wp/isv/Mesopotamija|Mesopotamija]], [[Wp/isv/Sirija|Sirija]] i [[Wp/isv/Palestina|Palestina]]. Prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. [[Wp/isv/Egipet|Egipet]] e otksnat ot Vizantijskata imperija, a persijskite vojski sa smazani pri golemite boeve okolo [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Kadisija|Kadisija]] prez [[Wp/isv/637|637]] g. i [[Wp/isv/Nefavend|Nefavend]] prez [[Wp/isv/642|642]] g. No dori tezi ogromni zavoevanija, postignati pod rkovodstvoto na naj-blizkite prijateli i priemnici na Mohamed – [[Wp/isv/Abu Bakr|Abu Bakr]] i [[Wp/isv/Omar Ibn Al-Hatab|Omar Ibn Al-Hatab]], ne slagat kraj na arabskoto našestvie. Prez [[Wp/isv/711|711]] g. arabskite armii veče sa pregazili Severna [[Wp/isv/Afrika|Afrika]] čak do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]]. Ottam te se nasočvat na sever, prebroždat [[Wp/isv/Gibraltarski protok|Gibraltarskija protok]] i [[Wp/isv/Arabsko-isljamsko zavojuvane na Iberijskija poluostrov|zavladavat Iberijskija poluostrov]]. Pet godini po-ksno arabite napadat Konstantinopol po suša i more, predvoždani ot Maslama, brat na halif Sulejman ibn Abd al Malik. Te idvat s neviždana za epohata armija – 200 000 duši i 5000 koraba. Po onova vreme se poražda opasenie, če mjusulmanite mogat da pokorat cjala hristijanska [[Wp/isv/Evropa|Evropa]]. Sled neuspešna ednogodišna obsada, prez ljatoto na 718 g. arabite polučavat sveži sili. Novata vojska debarkira pri Abidos v Trakija i poema km Konstantinopol. No v rešitelnoto sraženie blgarite, pod rkovodstvoto na [[Wp/isv/Han Tervel|Han Tervel]], totalno ja razbivat. V proslovutata [[Wp/isv/Bitka pri Poatie|bitka pri Poatie]] prez [[Wp/isv/732|732]] g. mjusulmanskite vojski, naprednali do sredata na dnešna [[Wp/isv/Francija|Francija]], sa skrušeni ot [[Wp/isv/Franki|franki]]te. Za po-malko ot edin vek arabite szdavat imperija, kojato se prostira ot [[Wp/isv/Indija|Indija]] do [[Wp/isv/Atlantičeskija okean|Atlantičeskija okean]], kakvato svett ne e viždal dotogava. I navred, kdeto stpvat mjusulmanskite vojski, sledva masovo priobščavane km novata vjara. Ne vsički zavoevanija trajat dlgo. Makar če zapazvat vjarata si v proroka, po-ksno persijcite si izvojuvat nezavisimostta ot arabite. A sled poveče ot 7 stoletija borba hristijanite si vzvrščat [[Wp/isv/Iberijskija poluostrov|Iberijskija poluostrov]] s [[Wp/isv/Rekonkista|Rekonkista]]ta. Mesopotamija i Egipet, ljulki na drevna civilizacija, ostavat za dlgo vv vladenie na arabite, koito vladejat i celija severnoafrikanski brag. Isljamt prodlžava da se razprostranjava prez vekovete daleč otvd granicite na prvonačalnite mjusulmanski zavoevanija. V naši dni toj ima desetki milioni posledovateli v Afrika i Centralna [[Wp/isv/Azija|Azija]] i dori poveče na broj v [[Wp/isv/Pakistan|Pakistan]], Severna Indija i [[Wp/isv/Indonezija|Indonezija]]. Kakto vsički religii isljamt upražnjava ogromno vlijanie vrhu bitieto na svoite posledovateli. == Vlijanie == Ot čisto versko gledišče može da se kaže, če vzdejstvieto na Mohamed vrhu čoveškata istorija e sravnimo s [[Wp/isv/Isus Hristos|Isusovoto]]. Mohamed, za razlika ot Isus, e vodešča figura kakto ot religiozno, taka i ot svetsko gledišče. Edinstvenite podobni uspehi v čoveškata istorija sa zavoevanijata na [[Wp/isv/Mongoli|mongoli]]te prez 13 vek, koito se dlžat glavno na [[Wp/isv/Čingis han|Čingis han]] (''Timurdžin''), na [[Wp/isv/Drevna Makedonija|Drevna Makedonija]] i na [[Wp/isv/Rimskata imperija|Rimskata imperija]]. Makar i po-obširni ot arabskite, te obače se okazvat po-netrajni v ezikov i obščnosten smisl. Arabskite zavoevanija sa po-homogenni, ot [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]] do [[Wp/isv/Maroko|Maroko]] se prostira cjala veriga arabski nacii (do goljama stepen ot arabizirani narodi), obedineni ne samo ot vjarata im v isljama, no i ot obščija im [[Wp/isv/Arabski ezik|arabski ezik]], istorija i kultura. Mohamed e edinstvenijat vodač v istorijata, postignal izključitelni uspehi kakto na versko, taka i na svetsko ravnišče. Makar i ss skromen proizhod, toj razprostranjava edna ot naj-golemite religii v sveta, projavjavajki se kato izvnredno efikasen političeski vodač. Mjastoto na [[Wp/isv/Korana|Korana]] v mjusulmanskoto veroizpovedanie i faktt, če toj e napisan na arabski, sigurno sa poprečili arabskijat ezik da se razpadne na nerarzbiraemi pomeždu im [[Wp/isv/Dialekt|dialekt]]i, koeto inače bi moglo da se sluči prez izminalite 14 veka. Arabskite zavoevanija, vdhnoveni ot Mohamed prez 7 vek, prodlžavat i dnes da igrajat važna rolja v čoveškata istorija. == Vnšni prepratki == * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Мубаракфури | first = Сафиуррахман | others = превод от арабски: Мариана Малинова | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = София | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Йълмъз | first = Хаяти | others = Мемиш Мердан (преводач) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Бей | first = Есад | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = София | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Кандемир | first = Яшар | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = София }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. [[FIle:A water droplet DWR-coated surface2 edit1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Kapka vody, demonstracija [[Wp/isv/Povrhnostnogo napruženja|povrhnostnogo napruženja]]]] [[FIle:Triclinic.svg|frameless|right|50px]]] {{Wp/isv/Kartka vodorod}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|H2}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|C2H5OH}}}} {{Wp/isv/-|{{Wp/isv/Hem2|Ca(OH)2}}}} | '''[[Wp/isv/Pritisk para|Pritisk para]]'''{{{vapor pressure ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure comment}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}} }}}}<!-- -->}} | data64 ={{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1 2|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}} | '''Pritisk para'''{{{vapor pressure 2 ref|}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} |&#x20;{{{vapor pressure 2 comment|}}} }}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Center block|1={{Wp/isv/Kartka element/vapor pressure table |vp1={{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10={{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100={{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp1k={{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp10k={{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}} |vp100k={{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}} }}}} '''Fizična hemija''' jest nauka, ktora [[Wp/isv/Fizika|fizičnymi]] metodami izučaje strukturu i svojstva hemičnyh substancij, kolikostne rednosti i mehanizmy [[Wp/isv/Hemija|hemičnyh]] procesov.<ref name="Semiohin">{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Семиохин|first1=И. А.|url=https://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/teaching/semiochin/physchim.pdf|title=Физичeская химия: Учебник|date=2001|publisher=Изд-во МГУ|isbn=5-211-03516-X|location=М.|pages=272 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavnymi razdělami fizičnoj hemiji sut hemična termodinamika i hemična kinetika. Zakladateljem fizičnoj hemiji mnet [[Wp/isv/Mihail Lomonosov|Mihajla Vasiljeviča Lomonosova]], ktory prvo na světe (r. 1752) začal učiti kurs fizičnoj hemiji i definoval fizičnu hemiju kako nauku, ktora "objasnjaje na osnově položenij i opytov fizičnyh pričinu togo, čto proizhodi pri hemničnyh operacijah v směšanyh tělah"<ref name="Semiohin" /> == Hemična Termodinamika == '''Hemična termodinamika''' jest razděl fizičnoj hemije, studujuči procesy vzajemodějstv substancij metodami termodinamiki, ravnovažne i neravnovažne. Priměnenje termodinamičnogo podhoda k hemičnym reakcijam jest osnovano na tom, že v fundamentalnom uravnjenju Gibsa kako prěměnne jest možlivo koristati kak masy ili kolikosti nezavislyh komponentov, jestli uslovija problema ne trěbujut podrobnogo razgleda hemičnoj ravnovagi, tak i masy (kolikosti) sostavnyh substancij zajedno s uravnjenjami svezi, opisyvajučimi hemične reakcije, kogda jest potrěbno podrobno opisanje hemičnoj ravnovagi.<ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Борщевский|first1=А. Я.|title=Физическая химия. Том 1 online. Общая и химическая термодинамика|location=М.|publisher=Инфра-М|year =2017|pages=868 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|series=Высшее образование: Бакалавриат|isbn=978-5-16-104227-4|no-pp=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/isv/Cite book|last1=Путилов|first1= К. А.|title=Термодинамика|editor-last1=Карапетьянц|editor-first1=М. Х.|location=М.|publisher=Наука|year=1971|pages=376 {{Wp/isv/-|с}}.|no-pp=yes}}</ref> Glavni směry himičnoj termodinamiki sut: * Klasična hemična termodinamika, kotra izucaje termodinamičnu ravnovagu voobče. * Termohemija, ktora izučaje energetične efekty, suprovadžajuči hemične reakcije. * Teorija raztvorov, modelujuča termodinamične svojstva substanciji vslěd představjenij o molekularnoj strukture i danyh medžumolekularnom vzajemodějstvu. == Hemična kinetika == Hemična kinetika izučaje bystrost tečenja hemičnyh procesov rovnako v homogennyh (sostavjenyh iz jednoj fazy) i heterogennyh (sostavjenyh iz několik faz) sistemah, v zamknutom objemu i v potoku, a takože vplyv vnešnjih uslovij na bystrost i mehanizm reakcij.<ref name="Semiohin" /> K razdělam fizičnoj hemiji takože često odnoset elektrohemiju i něktore druge susědne razděly. == Referencije == {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|ru|Физическая химия|}} <!--{{Prěvod|ru|Химическая термодинамика|}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Hemija]] {{INTERWIKI|Q11372}}--> [[Category:Wp/isv]] 06morkuk49jv8yu5om8jx3psy0qovvu 0 3574023 6685616 6683965 2025-06-13T22:47:16Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q21062617}} '''Usman Oyibe Jibrin''', CFR GSS AM psc(+) mni LLB PGCPA (nji yanyi 16 tey 1959) ndgya [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Navy|Nigerian Navy]] [[Wp/mrt/Vice admiral|vice admiral]] ba 21st [[Wp/mrt/Chief ni Naval Staff|Chief ni Naval Staff]]. Prior to his appointment aga Chief ni Naval Staff, najan Chief of Logistics ba Director ni Training, Defence Headquarters Abuja. ==Early life== == Naval Career == ==Awards and decorations== == See Also == ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q21062617}} 2if4gf9h2u7s5c0gvpnkqula2bfe4ys 0 3580901 6685815 6684544 2025-06-14T01:44:43Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q502215}} == '''Northern Ghana''' == Northern Region n ti [[Wp/cko/Ghana region|Ghana region]] buru ni nsen n kun wɔ. <ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/no-new-covid-19-cases-in-northern-region-in-3-weeks/</ref>I wo Ghana asiɛn n Northern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu wɔ. Yiri ti region buru ni nsen n kɛrɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nnyɔsu a. Kana bu ba ti i nu, northern region awɔrɛ n tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasuuri 25,000 square kilometres wɔ. Nyini kere ka i da 10% dɛɛ anyaari wɔ lɛɛ Ghana asiɛn n anyaari kɛrɛ nu. Fa kɔ 2018 dɛɛ afɔ n December sara nu, bu ti yiri Savannah Region ni North East Region n fa fiteeri i nu wɔ. Northern Region n la district buru ni nsen wɔ. Northern Region n miɛ tii la Tamale, Ghana asiɛn n miɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nsan.<ref>https://yen.com.gh/180838-the-northern-region-districts-capitals-ghana.html</ref> == Jogarafi ni Kilameti == == I awɔrɛ ni i tɛtɛrɛ == Northern Region asiɛn n bo i tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasu 25,000 square kilometres ni ti Ghana Region n kɛrɛ banbaka nnyɔsu a. I ni [[Wp/cko/North East Region|North East Region]] ni [[Wp/cko/Savannah Region|Savannah Region]] n bo bu wo north, ni [[Wp/cko/Oti Regions|Oti Regions]] n bo bu wo south, fa buka ni miɛ nyingam ma a la [[Wp/cko/Republic of Togo|Republic of Togo]] bo i wo East dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu, ni Cote d'voire bo i wo west ni.<ref>Mutuku, Ryan (2021-01-25). "The Northern Region districts and their capitals in Ghana". Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. Retrieved 2024-02-26</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Northern Region |- | colspan="2" |Region |- | colspan="2" |Tamale Stadium |- | colspan="2" |Location of Northern Region in Ghana |- !Country |Ghana |- !Capital |Tamale |- !Districts |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Government |- ! • Regional Minister |Ali Adolf John |- ! colspan="2" |Area |- ! • Total |25,448 km<sup>2</sup> (9,826 sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |Population (2021 Census) |- ! • Total |2,310,939 |- ! • Density |91/km<sup>2</sup> (240/sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (PPP) |- ! • Year |2013 |- ! • Per capita |$5,150 |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (Nominal) |- ! • Year |2018 |- ! • Per capita |$2,500 |- !Time zone |GMT |- !Area code |037 |- !ISO 3166 code |GH-NP |- !HDI (2021) |0.539 low · 10th |} == '''I Dika n woowa ni i boo jɔrɛ''' == [edit source] Northern Region n la boo bo bu fere i ka Guinean forest-savanna mosaic ecosystem. Yiri Guinea Savanna n la mɔnɛ tara savanna ecological dɛɛ awɔrɛ nsanm kɛrɛ. I boo n ti bakam ni wuram gumi wɔ. I buke saŋga la nasara sara April ni October dɛɛ saram saŋga wɔ, na i wawa bo i bu fite nasara sara January fa kɔ ju March dɛɛ sara nu. Fa kɔ i nzue tɔ jɔrɛ, afɔ kun nu, nzue koro tɔ haari 750 fa kɔ ju 1050 mm (30 fa kɔ ju 40 inches lɛɛ). I wiɛ kɛkɛrɛ agaya saŋga la nasara sara March nu wɔ, fa kɔ i wawa saŋga n awieri su lɛɛ. Fa fite nasara sara November dɛɛ awieri su fa kɔ ju March nu ye North East dɛɛ wawa fufuku aŋuma n bo i ma ayɛrɛ n bo a.<ref>Lyngsie, G.; Awadzi, T.; Breuning-Madsen, H. (2011-11-01). "Origin of Harmattan dust settled in Northern Ghana — Long transported or local dust?". ''Geoderma''. 167–168: 351–359. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.026. ISSN 0016-7061.</ref> Nyini saŋga ni, dika n doowa ni i jɔɔwa koro kakaaki kɔŋguɛn ni alecin saŋga bo fa kɔ kɔŋguɛn saŋga i koro jɔ kɔ ju 14 °C (59 °F) wara i koro do kɔ ju 40 °C (104 °F) alecin saŋga. == '''Kpini Juma''' == Kabo i ti Ghana awɔrɛm kɛrɛ su ni, i jama nbaa n kpakinu bo bu koro yo kpini juma n yo dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa juma wɔ. Region n buka Ghana dɛɛ regions n su bo i faŋga sunu dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa jumayo nu agaya.I kaaki la bulaari bii agaya beberebe. == '''Asiɛn Nyaari''' == [edit source] Northern Region n ye Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn tii n kaba wo tenle su a, na Dagbama ni Nasara ti aniɛm bo bu jɔjɔ bu agaya.<ref>"Learn Dagbanli (Dagbanli Bɔhimbu) → What Is The Dagbanli Language? - Learn Dagbanli | Learn Dagbani". Retrieved 2023-02-04.</ref> Dagbani yiri buka Oti–Volta dɛɛ aniɛ asaamba n bo bu fere i ka Niger–Congo aniɛ n wɔ. Aniɛ nyiŋgam bo jɔjɔ nyini region n nu la Likpakpaln aniɛ ni Nawuri aniɛ. == '''Anyumba kɔrɛsi yi awɔrɛm''' == # Naa Gbewaa Palace # Hamamat Shea Butter Village == '''Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri''' == [[Category:Wp/cko]] lyvw4vhejwc9gzho68v557o3l2u6ms4 6685816 6685815 2025-06-14T01:45:56Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q502215}} == '''Northern Ghana''' == Northern Region n ti [[Wp/cko/Ghana region|Ghana region]] buru ni nsen n kun wɔ. <ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/no-new-covid-19-cases-in-northern-region-in-3-weeks/</ref>I wo Ghana asiɛn n Northern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu wɔ. Yiri ti region buru ni nsen n kɛrɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nnyɔsu a. Kana bu ba ti i nu, northern region awɔrɛ n tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasuuri 25,000 square kilometres wɔ. Nyini kere ka i da 10% dɛɛ anyaari wɔ lɛɛ Ghana asiɛn n anyaari kɛrɛ nu. Fa kɔ 2018 dɛɛ afɔ n December sara nu, bu ti yiri Savannah Region ni North East Region n fa fiteeri i nu wɔ. Northern Region n la district buru ni nsen wɔ. Northern Region n miɛ tii la Tamale, Ghana asiɛn n miɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nsan.<ref>https://yen.com.gh/180838-the-northern-region-districts-capitals-ghana.html</ref> == Jogarafi ni Kilameti == == I awɔrɛ ni i tɛtɛrɛ == Northern Region asiɛn n bo i tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasu 25,000 square kilometres ni ti Ghana Region n kɛrɛ banbaka nnyɔsu a. I ni [[Wp/cko/North East Region|North East Region]] ni [[Wp/cko/Savannah Region|Savannah Region]] n bo bu wo north, ni [[Wp/cko/Oti Regions|Oti Regions]] n bo bu wo south, fa buka ni miɛ nyingam ma a la [[Wp/cko/Republic of Togo|Republic of Togo]] bo i wo East dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu, ni Cote d'voire bo i wo west ni.<ref>Mutuku, Ryan (2021-01-25). "The Northern Region districts and their capitals in Ghana". Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. Retrieved 2024-02-26</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Northern Region |- | colspan="2" |Region |- | colspan="2" |Tamale Stadium |- | colspan="2" |Location of Northern Region in Ghana |- !Country |Ghana |- !Capital |Tamale |- !Districts |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Government |- ! • Regional Minister |Ali Adolf John |- ! colspan="2" |Area |- ! • Total |25,448 km<sup>2</sup> (9,826 sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |Population (2021 Census) |- ! • Total |2,310,939 |- ! • Density |91/km<sup>2</sup> (240/sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (PPP) |- ! • Year |2013 |- ! • Per capita |$5,150 |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (Nominal) |- ! • Year |2018 |- ! • Per capita |$2,500 |- !Time zone |GMT |- !Area code |037 |- !ISO 3166 code |GH-NP |- !HDI (2021) |0.539 low · 10th |} == '''I Dika n woowa ni i boo jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n la boo bo bu fere i ka Guinean forest-savanna mosaic ecosystem. Yiri Guinea Savanna n la mɔnɛ tara savanna ecological dɛɛ awɔrɛ nsanm kɛrɛ. I boo n ti bakam ni wuram gumi wɔ. I buke saŋga la nasara sara April ni October dɛɛ saram saŋga wɔ, na i wawa bo i bu fite nasara sara January fa kɔ ju March dɛɛ sara nu. Fa kɔ i nzue tɔ jɔrɛ, afɔ kun nu, nzue koro tɔ haari 750 fa kɔ ju 1050 mm (30 fa kɔ ju 40 inches lɛɛ). I wiɛ kɛkɛrɛ agaya saŋga la nasara sara March nu wɔ, fa kɔ i wawa saŋga n awieri su lɛɛ. Fa fite nasara sara November dɛɛ awieri su fa kɔ ju March nu ye North East dɛɛ wawa fufuku aŋuma n bo i ma ayɛrɛ n bo a.<ref>Lyngsie, G.; Awadzi, T.; Breuning-Madsen, H. (2011-11-01). "Origin of Harmattan dust settled in Northern Ghana — Long transported or local dust?". ''Geoderma''. 167–168: 351–359. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.026. ISSN 0016-7061.</ref> Nyini saŋga ni, dika n doowa ni i jɔɔwa koro kakaaki kɔŋguɛn ni alecin saŋga bo fa kɔ kɔŋguɛn saŋga i koro jɔ kɔ ju 14 °C (59 °F) wara i koro do kɔ ju 40 °C (104 °F) alecin saŋga. == '''Kpini Juma''' == Kabo i ti Ghana awɔrɛm kɛrɛ su ni, i jama nbaa n kpakinu bo bu koro yo kpini juma n yo dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa juma wɔ. Region n buka Ghana dɛɛ regions n su bo i faŋga sunu dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa jumayo nu agaya.I kaaki la bulaari bii agaya beberebe. == '''Asiɛn Nyaari''' == Northern Region n ye Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn tii n kaba wo tenle su a, na Dagbama ni Nasara ti aniɛm bo bu jɔjɔ bu agaya.<ref>"Learn Dagbanli (Dagbanli Bɔhimbu) → What Is The Dagbanli Language? - Learn Dagbanli | Learn Dagbani". Retrieved 2023-02-04.</ref> Dagbani yiri buka Oti–Volta dɛɛ aniɛ asaamba n bo bu fere i ka Niger–Congo aniɛ n wɔ. Aniɛ nyiŋgam bo jɔjɔ nyini region n nu la Likpakpaln aniɛ ni Nawuri aniɛ. == '''Anyumba kɔrɛsi yi awɔrɛm''' == # Naa Gbewaa Palace # Hamamat Shea Butter Village == '''Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri''' == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 35fow8uv3eih1is2afo8m5t6p5q6mvw 6685817 6685816 2025-06-14T01:55:22Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q502215}} == '''Northern Ghana''' == Northern Region n ti [[Wp/cko/Ghana region|Ghana region]] buru ni nsen n kun wɔ. <ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/no-new-covid-19-cases-in-northern-region-in-3-weeks/</ref>I wo Ghana asiɛn n Northern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu wɔ. Yiri ti region buru ni nsen n kɛrɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nnyɔsu a. Kana bu ba ti i nu, northern region awɔrɛ n tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasuuri 25,000 square kilometres wɔ. Nyini kere ka i da 10% dɛɛ anyaari wɔ lɛɛ Ghana asiɛn n anyaari kɛrɛ nu. Fa kɔ 2018 dɛɛ afɔ n December sara nu, bu ti yiri Savannah Region ni North East Region n fa fiteeri i nu wɔ. Northern Region n la district buru ni nsen wɔ. Northern Region n miɛ tii la Tamale, Ghana asiɛn n miɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nsan.<ref>https://yen.com.gh/180838-the-northern-region-districts-capitals-ghana.html</ref> == '''Dika n daawa ni i Woowa''' == == '''Awɔrɛ n ni tɛtɛrɛ jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region asiɛn n bo i tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasu 25,000 square kilometres ni ti Ghana Region n kɛrɛ banbaka nnyɔsu a. I ni [[Wp/cko/North East Region|North East Region]] ni [[Wp/cko/Savannah Region|Savannah Region]] n bo bu wo north, ni [[Wp/cko/Oti Regions|Oti Regions]] n bo bu wo south, fa buka ni miɛ nyingam ma a la [[Wp/cko/Republic of Togo|Republic of Togo]] bo i wo East dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu, ni Cote d'voire bo i wo west ni.<ref>Mutuku, Ryan (2021-01-25). "The Northern Region districts and their capitals in Ghana". Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. Retrieved 2024-02-26</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Northern Region |- | colspan="2" |Region |- | colspan="2" |Tamale Stadium |- | colspan="2" |Location of Northern Region in Ghana |- !Country |Ghana |- !Capital |Tamale |- !Districts |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Government |- ! • Regional Minister |Ali Adolf John |- ! colspan="2" |Area |- ! • Total |25,448 km<sup>2</sup> (9,826 sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |Population (2021 Census) |- ! • Total |2,310,939 |- ! • Density |91/km<sup>2</sup> (240/sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (PPP) |- ! • Year |2013 |- ! • Per capita |$5,150 |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (Nominal) |- ! • Year |2018 |- ! • Per capita |$2,500 |- !Time zone |GMT |- !Area code |037 |- !ISO 3166 code |GH-NP |- !HDI (2021) |0.539 low · 10th |} == '''I Dika n woowa ni i boo jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n la boo bo bu fere i ka Guinean forest-savanna mosaic ecosystem. Yiri Guinea Savanna n la mɔnɛ tara savanna ecological dɛɛ awɔrɛ nsanm kɛrɛ. I boo n ti bakam ni wuram gumi wɔ. I buke saŋga la nasara sara April ni October dɛɛ saram saŋga wɔ, na i wawa bo i bu fite nasara sara January fa kɔ ju March dɛɛ sara nu. Fa kɔ i nzue tɔ jɔrɛ, afɔ kun nu, nzue koro tɔ haari 750 fa kɔ ju 1050 mm (30 fa kɔ ju 40 inches lɛɛ). I wiɛ kɛkɛrɛ agaya saŋga la nasara sara March nu wɔ, fa kɔ i wawa saŋga n awieri su lɛɛ. Fa fite nasara sara November dɛɛ awieri su fa kɔ ju March nu ye North East dɛɛ wawa fufuku aŋuma n bo i ma ayɛrɛ n bo a.<ref>Lyngsie, G.; Awadzi, T.; Breuning-Madsen, H. (2011-11-01). "Origin of Harmattan dust settled in Northern Ghana — Long transported or local dust?". ''Geoderma''. 167–168: 351–359. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.026. ISSN 0016-7061.</ref> Nyini saŋga ni, dika n doowa ni i jɔɔwa koro kakaaki kɔŋguɛn ni alecin saŋga bo fa kɔ kɔŋguɛn saŋga i koro jɔ kɔ ju 14 °C (59 °F) wara i koro do kɔ ju 40 °C (104 °F) alecin saŋga. == '''Kpini Juma''' == Kabo i ti Ghana awɔrɛm kɛrɛ su ni, i jama nbaa n kpakinu bo bu koro yo kpini juma n yo dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa juma wɔ. Region n buka Ghana dɛɛ regions n su bo i faŋga sunu dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa jumayo nu agaya.I kaaki la bulaari bii agaya beberebe. == '''Aniɛm bo wo asiɛn n su jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n ye Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn tii n kaba wo tenle su a, na Dagbama ni Nasara ti aniɛm bo bu jɔjɔ bu agaya.<ref>"Learn Dagbanli (Dagbanli Bɔhimbu) → What Is The Dagbanli Language? - Learn Dagbanli | Learn Dagbani". Retrieved 2023-02-04.</ref> Dagbani yiri buka Oti–Volta dɛɛ aniɛ asaamba n bo bu fere i ka Niger–Congo aniɛ n wɔ. Aniɛ nyiŋgam bo jɔjɔ nyini region n nu la Likpakpaln aniɛ ni Nawuri aniɛ. == '''Anyumba kɔrɛsi yi awɔrɛm''' == # Naa Gbewaa Palace # Hamamat Shea Butter Village == '''Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri''' == [[Category:Wp/cko]] an7ualuuo83qyuh62fcrr6j8jo6opnr 6685818 6685817 2025-06-14T01:56:10Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q502215}} == '''Northern Ghana''' == Northern Region n ti [[Wp/cko/Ghana region|Ghana region]] buru ni nsen n kun wɔ. <ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/no-new-covid-19-cases-in-northern-region-in-3-weeks/</ref>I wo Ghana asiɛn n Northern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu wɔ. Yiri ti region buru ni nsen n kɛrɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nnyɔsu a. Kana bu ba ti i nu, northern region awɔrɛ n tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasuuri 25,000 square kilometres wɔ. Nyini kere ka i da 10% dɛɛ anyaari wɔ lɛɛ Ghana asiɛn n anyaari kɛrɛ nu. Fa kɔ 2018 dɛɛ afɔ n December sara nu, bu ti yiri Savannah Region ni North East Region n fa fiteeri i nu wɔ. Northern Region n la district buru ni nsen wɔ. Northern Region n miɛ tii la Tamale, Ghana asiɛn n miɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nsan.<ref>https://yen.com.gh/180838-the-northern-region-districts-capitals-ghana.html</ref> == '''Dika n daawa ni i Woowa''' == == '''Awɔrɛ n ni tɛtɛrɛ jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region asiɛn n bo i tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasu 25,000 square kilometres ni ti Ghana Region n kɛrɛ banbaka nnyɔsu a. I ni [[Wp/cko/North East Region|North East Region]] ni [[Wp/cko/Savannah Region|Savannah Region]] n bo bu wo north, ni [[Wp/cko/Oti Regions|Oti Regions]] n bo bu wo south, fa buka ni miɛ nyingam ma a la [[Wp/cko/Republic of Togo|Republic of Togo]] bo i wo East dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu, ni Cote d'voire bo i wo west ni.<ref>Mutuku, Ryan (2021-01-25). "The Northern Region districts and their capitals in Ghana". Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. Retrieved 2024-02-26</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Northern Region |- | colspan="2" |Region |- | colspan="2" |Tamale Stadium |- | colspan="2" |Location of Northern Region in Ghana |- !Country |Ghana |- !Capital |Tamale |- !Districts |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Government |- ! • Regional Minister |Ali Adolf John |- ! colspan="2" |Area |- ! • Total |25,448 km<sup>2</sup> (9,826 sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |Population (2021 Census) |- ! • Total |2,310,939 |- ! • Density |91/km<sup>2</sup> (240/sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (PPP) |- ! • Year |2013 |- ! • Per capita |$5,150 |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (Nominal) |- ! • Year |2018 |- ! • Per capita |$2,500 |- !Time zone |GMT |- !Area code |037 |- !ISO 3166 code |GH-NP |- !HDI (2021) |0.539 low · 10th |} == '''I Dika n woowa ni i boo jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n la boo bo bu fere i ka Guinean forest-savanna mosaic ecosystem. Yiri Guinea Savanna n la mɔnɛ tara savanna ecological dɛɛ awɔrɛ nsanm kɛrɛ. I boo n ti bakam ni wuram gumi wɔ. I buke saŋga la nasara sara April ni October dɛɛ saram saŋga wɔ, na i wawa bo i bu fite nasara sara January fa kɔ ju March dɛɛ sara nu. Fa kɔ i nzue tɔ jɔrɛ, afɔ kun nu, nzue koro tɔ haari 750 fa kɔ ju 1050 mm (30 fa kɔ ju 40 inches lɛɛ). I wiɛ kɛkɛrɛ agaya saŋga la nasara sara March nu wɔ, fa kɔ i wawa saŋga n awieri su lɛɛ. Fa fite nasara sara November dɛɛ awieri su fa kɔ ju March nu ye North East dɛɛ wawa fufuku aŋuma n bo i ma ayɛrɛ n bo a.<ref>Lyngsie, G.; Awadzi, T.; Breuning-Madsen, H. (2011-11-01). "Origin of Harmattan dust settled in Northern Ghana — Long transported or local dust?". ''Geoderma''. 167–168: 351–359. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.026. ISSN 0016-7061.</ref> Nyini saŋga ni, dika n doowa ni i jɔɔwa koro kakaaki kɔŋguɛn ni alecin saŋga bo fa kɔ kɔŋguɛn saŋga i koro jɔ kɔ ju 14 °C (59 °F) wara i koro do kɔ ju 40 °C (104 °F) alecin saŋga. == '''Kpini Juma''' == Kabo i ti Ghana awɔrɛm kɛrɛ su ni, i jama nbaa n kpakinu bo bu koro yo kpini juma n yo dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa juma wɔ. Region n buka Ghana dɛɛ regions n su bo i faŋga sunu dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa jumayo nu agaya.I kaaki la bulaari bii agaya beberebe. == '''Aniɛm bo bu wo asiɛn n su jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n ye Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn tii n kaba wo tenle su a, na Dagbama ni Nasara ti aniɛm bo bu jɔjɔ bu agaya.<ref>"Learn Dagbanli (Dagbanli Bɔhimbu) → What Is The Dagbanli Language? - Learn Dagbanli | Learn Dagbani". Retrieved 2023-02-04.</ref> Dagbani yiri buka Oti–Volta dɛɛ aniɛ asaamba n bo bu fere i ka Niger–Congo aniɛ n wɔ. Aniɛ nyiŋgam bo jɔjɔ nyini region n nu la Likpakpaln aniɛ ni Nawuri aniɛ. == '''Anyumba kɔrɛsi yi awɔrɛm''' == # Naa Gbewaa Palace # Hamamat Shea Butter Village == '''Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri''' == [[Category:Wp/cko]] i39von88d0piji4xqc5wgpndvksh4dv 6685820 6685818 2025-06-14T01:58:17Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q502215}} == '''Northern Ghana''' == Northern Region n ti [[Wp/cko/Ghana region|Ghana region]] buru ni nsen n kun wɔ. <ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/no-new-covid-19-cases-in-northern-region-in-3-weeks/</ref>I wo Ghana asiɛn n Northern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu wɔ. Yiri ti region buru ni nsen n kɛrɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nnyɔsu a. Kana bu ba ti i nu, northern region awɔrɛ n tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasuuri 25,000 square kilometres wɔ. Nyini kere ka i da 10% dɛɛ anyaari wɔ lɛɛ Ghana asiɛn n anyaari kɛrɛ nu. Fa kɔ 2018 dɛɛ afɔ n December sara nu, bu ti yiri Savannah Region ni North East Region n fa fiteeri i nu wɔ. Northern Region n la district buru ni nsen wɔ. Northern Region n miɛ tii la Tamale, Ghana asiɛn n miɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nsan.<ref>https://yen.com.gh/180838-the-northern-region-districts-capitals-ghana.html</ref> == '''Asiɛn n daawa ni i Woowa''' == == '''Awɔrɛ n ni tɛtɛrɛ jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region asiɛn n bo i tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasu 25,000 square kilometres ni ti Ghana Region n kɛrɛ banbaka nnyɔsu a. I ni [[Wp/cko/North East Region|North East Region]] ni [[Wp/cko/Savannah Region|Savannah Region]] n bo bu wo north, ni [[Wp/cko/Oti Regions|Oti Regions]] n bo bu wo south, fa buka ni miɛ nyingam ma a la [[Wp/cko/Republic of Togo|Republic of Togo]] bo i wo East dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu, ni Cote d'voire bo i wo west ni.<ref>Mutuku, Ryan (2021-01-25). "The Northern Region districts and their capitals in Ghana". Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. Retrieved 2024-02-26</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Northern Region |- | colspan="2" |Region |- | colspan="2" |Tamale Stadium |- | colspan="2" |Location of Northern Region in Ghana |- !Country |Ghana |- !Capital |Tamale |- !Districts |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Government |- ! • Regional Minister |Ali Adolf John |- ! colspan="2" |Area |- ! • Total |25,448 km<sup>2</sup> (9,826 sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |Population (2021 Census) |- ! • Total |2,310,939 |- ! • Density |91/km<sup>2</sup> (240/sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (PPP) |- ! • Year |2013 |- ! • Per capita |$5,150 |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (Nominal) |- ! • Year |2018 |- ! • Per capita |$2,500 |- !Time zone |GMT |- !Area code |037 |- !ISO 3166 code |GH-NP |- !HDI (2021) |0.539 low · 10th |} == '''I Dika n woowa ni i boo jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n la boo bo bu fere i ka Guinean forest-savanna mosaic ecosystem. Yiri Guinea Savanna n la mɔnɛ tara savanna ecological dɛɛ awɔrɛ nsanm kɛrɛ. I boo n ti bakam ni wuram gumi wɔ. I buke saŋga la nasara sara April ni October dɛɛ saram saŋga wɔ, na i wawa bo i bu fite nasara sara January fa kɔ ju March dɛɛ sara nu. Fa kɔ i nzue tɔ jɔrɛ, afɔ kun nu, nzue koro tɔ haari 750 fa kɔ ju 1050 mm (30 fa kɔ ju 40 inches lɛɛ). I wiɛ kɛkɛrɛ agaya saŋga la nasara sara March nu wɔ, fa kɔ i wawa saŋga n awieri su lɛɛ. Fa fite nasara sara November dɛɛ awieri su fa kɔ ju March nu ye North East dɛɛ wawa fufuku aŋuma n bo i ma ayɛrɛ n bo a.<ref>Lyngsie, G.; Awadzi, T.; Breuning-Madsen, H. (2011-11-01). "Origin of Harmattan dust settled in Northern Ghana — Long transported or local dust?". ''Geoderma''. 167–168: 351–359. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.026. ISSN 0016-7061.</ref> Nyini saŋga ni, dika n doowa ni i jɔɔwa koro kakaaki kɔŋguɛn ni alecin saŋga bo fa kɔ kɔŋguɛn saŋga i koro jɔ kɔ ju 14 °C (59 °F) wara i koro do kɔ ju 40 °C (104 °F) alecin saŋga. == '''Kpini Juma''' == Kabo i ti Ghana awɔrɛm kɛrɛ su ni, i jama nbaa n kpakinu bo bu koro yo kpini juma n yo dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa juma wɔ. Region n buka Ghana dɛɛ regions n su bo i faŋga sunu dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa jumayo nu agaya.I kaaki la bulaari bii agaya beberebe. == '''Aniɛm bo bu wo asiɛn n su jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n ye Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn tii n kaba wo tenle su a, na Dagbama ni Nasara ti aniɛm bo bu jɔjɔ bu agaya.<ref>"Learn Dagbanli (Dagbanli Bɔhimbu) → What Is The Dagbanli Language? - Learn Dagbanli | Learn Dagbani". Retrieved 2023-02-04.</ref> Dagbani yiri buka Oti–Volta dɛɛ aniɛ asaamba n bo bu fere i ka Niger–Congo aniɛ n wɔ. Aniɛ nyiŋgam bo jɔjɔ nyini region n nu la Likpakpaln aniɛ ni Nawuri aniɛ. == '''Anyumba kɔrɛsi yi awɔrɛm''' == # Naa Gbewaa Palace # Hamamat Shea Butter Village == '''Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri''' == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 6vmb9bt20wksm4w2icpjgel22bciaf9 6685831 6685820 2025-06-14T02:00:05Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q502215}} == '''Northern Ghana''' == Northern Region n ti [[Wp/cko/Ghana region|Ghana region]] buru ni nsen n kun wɔ. <ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/no-new-covid-19-cases-in-northern-region-in-3-weeks/</ref>I wo Ghana asiɛn n Northern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu wɔ. Yiri ti region buru ni nsen n kɛrɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nnyɔsu a. Kana bu ba ti i nu, northern region awɔrɛ n tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasuuri 25,000 square kilometres wɔ. Nyini kere ka i da 10% dɛɛ anyaari wɔ lɛɛ Ghana asiɛn n anyaari kɛrɛ nu. Fa kɔ 2018 dɛɛ afɔ n December sara nu, bu ti yiri Savannah Region ni North East Region n fa fiteeri i nu wɔ. Northern Region n la district buru ni nsen wɔ. Northern Region n miɛ tii la Tamale, Ghana asiɛn n miɛ bambaka bo i tɔɔsu nsan.<ref>https://yen.com.gh/180838-the-northern-region-districts-capitals-ghana.html</ref> == '''Asiɛn n daawa ni i Woowa''' == == '''Awɔrɛ n ni tɛtɛrɛ jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region asiɛn n bo i tɛtɛrɛ kɔ yasu 25,000 square kilometres ni ti Ghana Region n kɛrɛ banbaka nnyɔsu a. I ni [[Wp/cko/North East Region|North East Region]] ni [[Wp/cko/Savannah Region|Savannah Region]] n bo bu wo north, ni [[Wp/cko/Oti Regions|Oti Regions]] n bo bu wo south, fa buka ni miɛ nyingam ma a la [[Wp/cko/Republic of Togo|Republic of Togo]] bo i wo East dɛɛ awɔrɛ n nu, ni Cote d'voire bo i wo west ni.<ref>Mutuku, Ryan (2021-01-25). "The Northern Region districts and their capitals in Ghana". Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. Retrieved 2024-02-26</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Northern Region |- | colspan="2" |Region |- | colspan="2" |Tamale Stadium |- | colspan="2" |Location of Northern Region in Ghana |- !Country |Ghana |- !Capital |Tamale |- !Districts |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Government |- ! • Regional Minister |Ali Adolf John |- ! colspan="2" |Area |- ! • Total |25,448 km<sup>2</sup> (9,826 sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |Population (2021 Census) |- ! • Total |2,310,939 |- ! • Density |91/km<sup>2</sup> (240/sq mi) |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (PPP) |- ! • Year |2013 |- ! • Per capita |$5,150 |- ! colspan="2" |GDP (Nominal) |- ! • Year |2018 |- ! • Per capita |$2,500 |- !Time zone |GMT |- !Area code |037 |- !ISO 3166 code |GH-NP |- !HDI (2021) |0.539 low · 10th |} == '''I Dika n woowa ni i boo jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n la boo bo bu fere i ka Guinean forest-savanna mosaic ecosystem. Yiri Guinea Savanna n la mɔnɛ tara savanna ecological dɛɛ awɔrɛ nsanm kɛrɛ. I boo n ti bakam ni wuram gumi wɔ. I buke saŋga la nasara sara April ni October dɛɛ saram saŋga wɔ, na i wawa bo i bu fite nasara sara January fa kɔ ju March dɛɛ sara nu. Fa kɔ i nzue tɔ jɔrɛ, afɔ kun nu, nzue koro tɔ haari 750 fa kɔ ju 1050 mm (30 fa kɔ ju 40 inches lɛɛ). I wiɛ kɛkɛrɛ agaya saŋga la nasara sara March nu wɔ, fa kɔ i wawa saŋga n awieri su lɛɛ. Fa fite nasara sara November dɛɛ awieri su fa kɔ ju March nu ye North East dɛɛ wawa fufuku aŋuma n bo i ma ayɛrɛ n bo a.<ref>Lyngsie, G.; Awadzi, T.; Breuning-Madsen, H. (2011-11-01). "Origin of Harmattan dust settled in Northern Ghana — Long transported or local dust?". ''Geoderma''. 167–168: 351–359. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.026. ISSN 0016-7061.</ref> Nyini saŋga ni, dika n doowa ni i jɔɔwa koro kakaaki kɔŋguɛn ni alecin saŋga bo fa kɔ kɔŋguɛn saŋga i koro jɔ kɔ ju 14 °C (59 °F) wara i koro do kɔ ju 40 °C (104 °F) alecin saŋga. == '''Kpini Juma''' == Kabo i ti Ghana awɔrɛm kɛrɛ su ni, i jama nbaa n kpakinu bo bu koro yo kpini juma n yo dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa juma wɔ. Region n buka Ghana dɛɛ regions n su bo i faŋga sunu dɔdɔɔri ni neŋge taawa jumayo nu agaya.I kaaki la bulaari bii agaya beberebe. == '''Aniɛm bo bu wo asiɛn n su jɔrɛ''' == Northern Region n ye Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn tii n kaba wo tenle su a, na Dagbama ni Nasara ti aniɛm bo bu jɔjɔ bu agaya.<ref>"Learn Dagbanli (Dagbanli Bɔhimbu) → What Is The Dagbanli Language? - Learn Dagbanli | Learn Dagbani". Retrieved 2023-02-04.</ref> Dagbani yiri buka Oti–Volta dɛɛ aniɛ asaamba n bo bu fere i ka Niger–Congo aniɛ n wɔ. Aniɛ nyiŋgam bo bu jɔjɔ nyini region n nu la Likpakpaln aniɛ ni Nawuri aniɛ. == '''Anyumba kɔrɛsi yi awɔrɛm''' == # Naa Gbewaa Palace # Hamamat Shea Butter Village == '''Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri''' == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 9rtoiyo10lvsmon1a6cigu3d1xi7rc8 3 3581041 6685452 6681670 2025-06-13T17:11:41Z Jon Gua 2593212 /* Новые переводы 2 */ Reply 6685452 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 10:47, 15 March 2025 (UTC) == Запрос на перевод == Привет, как дела? Я хотел бы спросить, не могли бы вы перевести это на долганский: Язык глоса является созданным вспомагательным языком разработанным для международного сообщения. У этого языка есть несколько особенности: * У него есть постоянное произношение, и правописание - фонетическое. * Структура очень проста и основана на значении. * Этот язык является аналитическим языком без склонений и родов. Только немного слов занимается грамматическими отношениями. * Язык глоса, прежде всего, нейтральный и действительно международный из-за использования латинских и греческих корней использованных в международных научных словах. Спасибо [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:34, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :Язык глоса? Типо Язык с названием Глоса или Язык человека по имени Глос [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:36, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Язык, называемый [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0 Глоса] [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:38, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :Глоса тыл — киһинэн оӈоһуллубут көмөһөлөргө, омуктар икки ардынаагы кэпсэтэргэ аналлаак тыл. Бу тыл хас даганы уратылаак: :* Гиниэхэ саӈарыыта уларыйбат уонна суруга фонетическай. :* Суруллуута олус ама уонна һуолтатыгар туттуллар. :* Бу тыл аналитическэй эрэ һыалларга туттуллар, склоненията уонна рода һуок. Тыллар кыра эрэ чаастара грамматиканан ыаһактаналлар. :* Глоса тыл сүрүн уратыта маннык: нейтральнай уонна дьиӈнээктик омуктар икки ардынаагы кэпсэтиигэ көмөһөлөр, гириэскэй уонна латыын тыл ологторун наука тылларыгар туттуутуттан салтаан. :[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:48, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Спасибо большое, я создал [[Wp/dlg/Глоса тыл|статью]]. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:52, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::Спасибо вам тоже, вы очень помогаете развитию долганской Википедии! [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:53, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Не могли бы вы перевести эту же статью на [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA язык якутск]? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:54, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::Глоса тыл диэн киһинэн оҥоһуллубут көмөһөлөргө уонна омуктар икки ардынааҕы кэпсэтиилэргэ аналлаах тыл. Бу тыл хас даҕаны уратылаах: :::* Бу тыл саҥарыыта уларыйбат уонна суруга фонетическай. :::* Суруллуута олус судургу уонна суолтатыгар тутуллар. :::* Бу тыл аналитическай эрэ сыалларга туттуллар, склоненията уонна рода суох. Тыл кыра эрэ чааһа грамматическай сыһыанынан дьарыктанар. :::* Глоса тыл сүрүн уратыта маннык: нейтральнай уонна дьиҥнээхтик омуктар икки ардынааҕы кэпсэтииҕэ көмөһөлөр, гириэк уонна латыын тыл тыл олохторун билим омуктар икки ардынааҕы тылларга туттар. :::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:00, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::Спасибо большое. Я проверял Википедию на долганском, и там почти ничего нет. Я не говорю на этом языке, но я могу дать вам тексты и слова для перевода, а также могу создать шаблоны и короткие статьи. Хотите сделать это? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:06, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::Хотелось бы, заранее спасибо [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:07, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это на долганский? ::::::Страна ::::::Флаг ::::::Карта ::::::Столица ::::::Биография ::::::Изображение ::::::Дата рождения ::::::Дата смерти ::::::Профессия [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:10, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::Дойду :::::::Былааг :::::::Хаарта :::::::Киин гуорат :::::::Биография :::::::Ойуу :::::::Төрөөбүт күнэ :::::::Өлбүт күнэ :::::::Үлэ (Если про человека, то-есть работа человека: киһи ''үлэтэ'') [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:12, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Оба шаблона можно увидеть [[Wp/dlg/Россия|здесь]] и [[Wp/dlg/Аксёнова Огдуо Егоровна|здесь]]. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:31, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Спасибо! Мактал! [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:33, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::* Москва́ — столица России, город федерального значения, административный центр Центрального федерального округа и центр Московской области, в состав которой не входит. ::::::::::* Город ::::::::::* Гражданская война в России ::::::::::* Гражда́нская война́ в Росси́и (ноябрь 1917/17 мая 1918 — 25 октября 1922/19 июня 1923 года) — ряд крупных вооружённых конфликтов между различными политическими, этническими, социальными группами и государственными образованиями на территории бывшей Российской империи, последовавших после Октябрьской революции 1917 года и восстания Чехословацкого корпуса в мае 1918 года. ::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:36, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::* Москва — Россия киин гуората, федеральнай һуолталаак гуорат, Киин федеральнай уокуругун уонна Москва уобалаһын, һастаабыгар киирбэтин эрээри, киин гуората :::::::::::* Гуорат :::::::::::* Россия гражданскай һэриитэ :::::::::::* Россия гражданскай һэриитэ (1917 күн түһэр ыйа/1918 тугут төрүүр ыйын 17 — 1922 буус тоӈор ыйын 25/1923 көмүөл ыйын 19) — 1917 һыллаагы Октябрь революциятыттан уонна 1918 һыллаагы Чехословакия корпуһун өрө туруутуттан һалтаан буолбут, былыр Россия Империятын һирдэригэр, араас политическэй, этническэй, социальнай уонна һудаарыстыбынай образованиялары кытта икки ардынаагы һэрии. :::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:47, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::* Страны ::::::::::::* Страны Европы ::::::::::::* Страны Азии ::::::::::::* Европа ::::::::::::* Азия ::::::::::::* Континенты ::::::::::::* География ::::::::::::* История России ::::::::::::* Города России ::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:59, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Конечно! Огромное вам спасибо за все шаблоны :::::::::::::* Дойдулар :::::::::::::* Эуропа дойдулара :::::::::::::* Азия дойдулара :::::::::::::* Эуропа :::::::::::::* Азия :::::::::::::* Континент :::::::::::::* География :::::::::::::* Россия историята :::::::::::::* Россия гуораттара :::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:00, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::* Санкт-Петербу́рг (в 1914—1924 годах — Петрогра́д, в 1924—1991 годах — Ленингра́д; разг. Питер, СПб) — второй по численности населения город России. ::::::::::::::* Города ::::::::::::::* Наука ::::::::::::::* Великое княжество Московское ::::::::::::::* Моско́вское кня́жество, с 1363 года — Вели́кое кня́жество Моско́вское — средневековое русское княжество, возникшее по завещанию Александра Невского как удел Великого княжества Владимирского. ::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 08:07, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::* Санкт-Петербург (1914—1924 сылларга — Петроград, 1924—1991 сылларга — Ленинград; өссө СПб уонна Питер курдук биллэр) — иккис олоктоокторун аксаанынан Россия гуората. :::::::::::::::* Гуораттар :::::::::::::::* Наука :::::::::::::::* Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ :::::::::::::::* Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ, 1363 сыл иннитигэр — Москва кинээһилигэ — Александр Невскай кэриэһиттэн тэриллибит, орто үйэлэр кэмигэр баар эбит, дойду. :::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:11, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::* Рост территории Московского княжества ::::::::::::::::* Русское государство ::::::::::::::::* Ру́сское (централизо́ванное) госуда́рство — государство конца XV — начала XVIII веков, сложившееся в результате объединения северо-восточных русских княжеств в конце XV века, в эпоху правления великого князя московского Ивана III. ::::::::::::::::* Российская империя ::::::::::::::::* Росси́йская импе́рия (рус. дореф. Россійская Имперія; также Всеросси́йская импе́рия) — государство, существовавшее в период с 1721 года до Февральской революции 1917 года и провозглашения Временным правительством в сентябре того же года республики. ::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 08:22, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::* Москва кинээһилик һирдэрин элбиитэ :::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата :::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — XV бүтүүтүн — XVIII төрүтүгэр диэри баар эбит һудаарыстыба. Һудаарыстыба, Иван III тойоннообут кэмигэр, муора-алларааӈӈы ньуучча кинээһиликтэрин колбонууларын түмүгүнэн баар буолбута. :::::::::::::::::* Россия империята :::::::::::::::::* Россия империята ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-ru-dor|Россійская Имперія}}; өссүө Бүтүн Россиятаагы империя) — 1721—1917 сылларга баар эбит дойду. :::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:31, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::* Граф Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й (28 августа [9 сентября] 1828, Ясная Поляна, Тульская губерния, Российская империя — 7 [20] ноября 1910, станция Астапово, Рязанская губерния, Российская империя) — один из наиболее известных русских писателей и мыслителей, один из величайших в мире писателей‑романистов. ::::::::::::::::::* «Война́ и мир» (рус. дореф. «Война и миръ») — роман-эпопея Льва Николаевича Толстого, описывающий русское общество в эпоху войн против Наполеона в 1805—1812 годах. Эпилог романа доводит повествование до 1820 года. ::::::::::::::::::* Книга ::::::::::::::::::* Название ::::::::::::::::::* Оригинальное название ::::::::::::::::::* Изображение ::::::::::::::::::* Автор ::::::::::::::::::* Страна ::::::::::::::::::* Язык ::::::::::::::::::* Дата ::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 08:38, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::* Лев Николаевич Толстой (1828 ыргакта ыйын 28 [булкааһын ыйын 9], Ясная Поляна, Тула губернията, Россия империята — 1910 күн түһэр ыйын 7 [күн түһэр ыйын 20], Асталово, Рязань губернията, Россия империята) — муӈ биллэр ньуучча һуруйааччыта, аан дойду биир улуу романист-һуруйааччыта. :::::::::::::::::::* «Война и мир» ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-ru-dof|«Война и миръ»}} — Наполеон утары һэрии кэмнэги ньуучча обществотын туһунан Лев Николаевич Толстой һуруйбут романа. Роман эпилога 1920-с һылга диэри көрдөрөр. :::::::::::::::::::* Кинигэ :::::::::::::::::::* Аата :::::::::::::::::::* Оригинальнай аата :::::::::::::::::::* Ойуу :::::::::::::::::::* Ааптар :::::::::::::::::::* Дойду :::::::::::::::::::* Тыла :::::::::::::::::::* Һуруллубут күнэ :::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:48, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы заполнить шаблон [[Wp/dlg/Война и мир|здесь]]? ::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::::* Иису́с Христо́с (греч. Ἰησοῦς Χριστός) — в христианстве Бог Сын (второе лицо Святой Троицы), богочеловек и предсказанный в Ветхом Завете Мессия, ставший искупительной жертвой за грехи людей. Эпитетом Иисуса Христа стал Спаситель (Спас). ::::::::::::::::::::* Христиа́нство (греч. Χριστιανισμός, лат. Christianismus, от греч. Χριστός — Христос — «Пома́занник», «Месси́я») — мировая авраамическая монотеистическая религия, учение которой восходит к проповеди Иисуса Христа и его апостолов (переданной в Новом Завете) в Земле Израильской, и было развито отцами Церкви. ::::::::::::::::::::* Би́блия (мн. ч. греч. βιβλία от ед.ч. греч. βιβλίον — «книга»; от греч. βύβλος — «папирус»; от названия древнего финикийского города Библ) — собрание текстов, составляющих Священное Писание в иудаизме и христианстве. ::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:05, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::::* Иисус Христос ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-el|Ἰησοῦς Χριστός}}) — христианство итэгэлигэр «Иччи-Уол» (Ытык Троица иккис һырайа), иччи-киһи уонна Ветхай Завекка, дьон аньыыларыттан һалтаан жертва буолбут, этиллибит Мессия. Спаситель (Спас) Иисус Христос эпитетынынан буолбута. :::::::::::::::::::::* Христианство ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-el|Χριστιανισμός}}, {{Wp/dlg/Lang-la|Christianismus}}; Χριστός («Помазанник», «Мессия» гириэк тылтан тагыспыт) — аан дойдутаагы итэгэл, кини үөрэгэ Иисус Христос уонна апостоллар проповедьтарыттан таксар. :::::::::::::::::::::* Библия ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-el|βιβλία}} — «кинигэ») — иудаизм уонна христианство туһунан Ытык Сурук тиэкиһин комултата. :::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 09:19, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы заполнить шаблон [[Wp/dlg/Иисус Христос|здесь]]? ::::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::::::* Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский (30 октября [11 ноября] 1821, Москва — 28 января [9 февраля] 1881, Санкт-Петербург) — русский писатель, мыслитель, философ и публицист. ::::::::::::::::::::::* «Бра́тья Карама́зовы» — последний роман Ф. М. Достоевского. Роман был напечатан частями в журнале «Русский вестник». Достоевский задумывал работу как первую часть эпического романа «Житие великого грешника». Произведение было окончено в ноябре 1880 года. Писатель умер через два месяца после публикации. ::::::::::::::::::::::* Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин (26 мая [6 июня] 1799, Москва — 29 января [10 февраля] 1837, Санкт-Петербург) — русский поэт, драматург и прозаик, заложивший основы русского реалистического направления, литературный критик и теоретик литературы, историк, публицист, журналист, редактор и издатель. ::::::::::::::::::::::* «Евге́ний Оне́гин» (дореф. «Евгеній Онѣгинъ») — роман в стихах русского поэта Александра Сергеевича Пушкина, начат 9 мая 1823 года и закончен 5 октября 1831 года, одно из самых значительных произведений русской словесности. ::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:28, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::::::* Федор Михайлович Достоевский (1821 буус тоӈор ыйын 30 [күн түһэр ыйын 11], Москва — 1881 күн таксар ыйын 28 [үөлэс ыйын 9], Санкт-Петербург) — ньуучча һуруйааччыта, философа уонна публициста. :::::::::::::::::::::::* «Ини-биилэр Карамазовтар» — Федор Михайлович Достоевский бүтэһик романа. Роман муӈ инникитэ «Русский вестник» журналга бэчээттэммитэ. Достоевский бу романы «Житие великого грешника» романын муӈ инники чааһынан курдук оӈорбута. Роман, 1880 сылга, күн түһэр ыйыгар һуруллан бүппүтэ. Һуруйааччы һуруйбутун кэннэ, икки ый ааспытын кэннэ, өлбүтэ. :::::::::::::::::::::::* Александр Сергеевич Пушкин (1799 тугут төрүүр ыйын 26 [көмүөл ыйын 6], Москва — 1837 күн таксар ыйын 29 [үөлэс ыйын 10], Санкт-Петербург) — ньуучча реализм направлениятын олохтообут, ньуучча һуруйааччыта, драматурга уонна прозаига. Литературнай критик уонна литература теоретига, историк, публицист, журналист, эрэдээктэр уонна издатель. :::::::::::::::::::::::* «Евгений Онегин» — Александр Сергеевич Пушкин романа. Роман 1823 тугут төрүүр ыйын 9 — 1831 буус тоӈор ыйын 5, күннэргэ һуруллубута. :::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 09:46, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::::::::Можете ли вы заполнить [[Wp/dlg/Ини-биилэр Карамазовтар|этот]] и [[Wp/dlg/Евгений Онегин|этот]] шаблоны? ::::::::::::::::::::::::Можете ли вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Писатель ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Писатели ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Русские писатели ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Русская литература ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Литература ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Михаи́л Афана́сьевич Булга́ков (3 [15] мая 1891, Киев, Российская империя[…] — 10 марта 1940[…], Москва, СССР) — русский писатель советского периода, врач, драматург, театральный режиссёр и актёр. ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Бори́с Леони́дович Пастерна́к (имя при рождении — Бори́с Исаа́кович Постерна́к; 29 января (10 февраля) 1890, Москва, Российская империя — 30 мая 1960, Переделкино, Кунцевский район, Московская область, СССР) — русский советский поэт, писатель и переводчик. Один из крупнейших русских поэтов XX века. ::::::::::::::::::::::::* «До́ктор Жива́го» — роман Бориса Пастернака. Роман создавался в течение десяти лет, с 1945 по 1955 год, и является вершиной творчества автора как прозаика. Роман сопровождён стихами главного героя — Юрия Андреевича Живаго. ::::::::::::::::::::::::* «Царство Божие внутри вас» — научно-популярная книга Льва Толстого. Это ключевой текст для толстовских сторонников ненасилия, ненасильственного сопротивления и христианского анархистского движения. ::::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 10:02, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Һуруйааччы :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Һуруйааччылар :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча һуруйааччылар :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча литературата :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Михаил Афанасьевич Булгаков (1891 тугут төрүүр ыйын 3 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 15], Киев, Россия империята — 1940 һырай һылыйар ыйын 10, Москва, ССРС) — ньуучча-һэбиэскэй һуруйааччы, эмчит, драматург, театральнай режиссер уонна өктүөр. :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Борис Леонидович Пастернак (төрүүрүгэр — Борис Исаакович Пастернак;1890 күн таксар ыйын 29 [үөлэс ыйын 10], Москва, Россия империята — 1960 тугут төрүүр ыйын 30, Переделкино, Москва уобалаһа, ССРС) — ньуучча-һэбиэскэй һуруйааччы, тулмаасчыт. XX үйэ биир муӈ бөдөӈ ньуучча һуруйааччыта. :::::::::::::::::::::::::* «Живаго Доктор» — Борис Пастернак романа. Роман уон һылы быһа һуруллубута, 1945 — 1955. Роман һүрүн дьоруойа — Юрий Андреевич Живаго һуруйбут коһооннорунан һуруллубута. :::::::::::::::::::::::::* «Царство Божие внутри нас» — Лев Толстой һуруйбут наука кинигэтэ. :::::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:16, 28 May 2025 (UTC) == Новые переводы == Можете ли вы заполнить [[Wp/dlg/Царство Божие внутри нас|этот]] и [[Wp/dlg/Живаго Доктор|этот]] шаблоны? * Мне пора идти, но я оставлю вам здесь ряд статей, которые вы сможете перевести, когда у вас будет время, вам не нужно делать все это сейчас. Большое спасибо за вашу помощь, и я постараюсь продолжать помогать вам развивать эту Википедию. ** Анто́н Па́влович Че́хов (рус. дореф. Антонъ Павловичъ Чеховъ; 17 (29) января 1860, Таганрог, Екатеринославская губерния, Российская империя — 2 (15) июля 1904, Баденвайлер, Германская империя[3][4]) — русский писатель, прозаик, драматург, публицист[5], врач, общественный деятель в сфере благотворительности[6][7][8]. ** «Дя́дя Ва́ня» — пьеса русского писателя и драматурга Антона Павловича Чехова с подзаголовком «Сцены из деревенской жизни в четырёх действиях». Окончательно завершена в 1896 году. ** А́нна Андре́евна Ахма́това (при рождении Го́ренко, по первому мужу Го́ренко-Гумилёва[11], после развода взяла псевдоним-фамилию Ахма́това[12], по второму мужу Ахма́това-Шиле́йко[13], после развода Ахма́това[14]; 11 [23] июня 1889[15][16], Одесса, Херсонская губерния — 5 марта 1966, Домодедово, Московская область) — русская и советская поэтесса[~ 1][18][19][20]. Член Союза писателей СССР (1939). Была номинирована на Нобелевскую премию по литературе (1965[21] и 1966[22]). ** «Реквием» — элегия Анны Ахматовой о страданиях людей во время Большого террора. ** Царь — один из титулов славянских монархов. ** Ива́н IV Васи́льевич, Ива́н Гро́зный[a], в постриге — Иона (25 августа 1530, село Коломенское[8] под Москвой — 18 (28) марта 1584, Москва) — государь, великий князь Московский и всея Руси с 1533 года, первый венчанный царь всея Руси (с 1547 года; кроме 1575—1576, когда «великим князем всея Руси» номинально был Симеон Бекбулатович). ** Государь, Царь и Великий Князь всея Руси ** Государь, Царь и Великий Князь всея Руси — официальный титул монарха Русского царства. ** Пётр I Алексе́евич (Пётр Вели́кий; 30 мая [9 июня] 1672, Москва — 28 января [8 февраля] 1725, Санкт-Петербург) — царь всея Руси с 1682 года, первый император Всероссийский с 1721 года. ** Никола́й II Алекса́ндрович (6 [18] мая 1868, Царское Село — 17 июля 1918, Екатеринбург) — последний император Всероссийский, царь Польский и великий князь Финляндский (20 октября [1 ноября] 1894 — 2 марта 1917) из династии Гольштейн-Готторп-Романовых. ** Русская православная церковь (РПЦ), официально известная также как Московский патриархат, является автокефальной восточно-православной христианской церковью. Имеет 194 епархии на территории России. Предстоятель РПЦ — патриарх Московский и всея Руси. ** Февра́льская револю́ция 1917 года в Росси́и — массовые антиправительственные выступления петроградских рабочих и солдат петроградского гарнизона, приведшие к свержению российской монархии и созданию Временного правительства, сосредоточившего в своих руках всю законодательную и исполнительную власть в России. Революционные события охватили период конца февраля — начала марта 1917 года (по юлианскому календарю, действовавшему в то время в России). ** Октябрьская революция — вооружённое восстание в Петрограде в октябре (ноябре по новому стилю) 1917 года, в результате которого было свергнуто Временное правительство и установлена ​​Советская власть. В историографии рассматривается либо как самостоятельное историческое событие, либо как продолжение Февральской революции. ** Революция 1917 года в России (Февральская революция и Великая Октябрьская Социалистическая революция 1917 года, Великая российская революция, Великая русская революция[1]) — условное название революционных событий, произошедших в России в 1917 году, начиная со свержения монархии во время Февральской революции, когда власть перешла к Временному правительству, которое, в свою очередь, было свергнуто в результате Октябрьской революции большевиков и их временных союзников, провозгласивших власть советов (советскую власть). ** Патриа́рх Ни́кон (мирское имя Ники́та Ми́нин (Минов)[2]; 7 [17] мая 1605[3], село Вельдеманово — 17 [27] августа 1681, Тропинская слобода, Ярославль) — московский патриарх, с 25 июля (4 августа) 1652 года по 12 (22) декабря 1666 года. Имел титул «Великого Государя». Церковные реформы патриарха Никона, которые он начал в 1650-х годах, были направлены на изменение существовавшей тогда в Русской Церкви обрядовой традиции в целях её унификации с современной греческой. Они вызвали раскол Русской церкви, что привело к возникновению старообрядчества. В 1666 году он был извержен из патриаршества и стал простым монахом[4], хотя его реформы были продолжены. ** Раско́л Ру́сской це́ркви — церковный раскол в Русской православной церкви, начавшийся в 1650-х годах в Москве. Связан с реформой патриарха Никона, направленной на внесение изменений в богослужебные книги московской печати и некоторые обряды в целях их унификации с современными греческими[1][2][3]. ** Старообря́дчество[1][2] (до указа о веротерпимости 1905 года — раско́л, раско́льничество[3]); Древлеправосла́вие (по́зднее самоназвание ряда течений[4]) — совокупность религиозных течений и организаций в русле русской православной традиции, отвергающих предпринятую в 1653—1660-х годах московским патриархом Никоном и царём Алексеем Михайловичем церковную реформу, целью которой провозглашалась унификация богослужебного чина Русской церкви[5] с Греческой церковью и, прежде всего, с Константинопольской церковью («книжная справа»). ** Ланселот Томас Хогбен (англ. Lancelot Thomas Hogben; 9 декабря 1895[1], Портсмут, Гэмпшир — 22 августа 1975[1], Рексем) — английский учёный, биолог, создатель искусственного языка Интерглосса. ** Интергло́сса (Interglossa) — международный вспомогательный язык, разработанный в 1943 году Ланселотом Хогбеном. Является предшественником языка глоса. --[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 10:48, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :Удачи, огромное спасибо за развитие Википедии на долганском языке! Барга мактал! [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:53, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Привет, если хочешь, можешь переводить эти предложения по частям, а не все сразу. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 04:56, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :::Я уже сделал про Чехова, видели? [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 05:08, 30 May 2025 (UTC) ::::А, ну ладно, значит, вы сами создаете статьи. Отлично. Не могли бы вы сначала сделать последние две? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 05:10, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :::::Я сделал две последние статьи. Вы знаете, когда заявку на мету отправлять? [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:00, 30 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::Если вы говорите об одобрении вики, чтобы получить свое собственное пространство, вам нужно, чтобы по крайней мере три человека работали почти ежедневно в течение как минимум трех месяцев над вики и переводили самые важные сообщения. Я проверил, и у вас даже нет запроса на вики, вы хотите, чтобы я его создал? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:05, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::Можно, заранее спасибо [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:05, 30 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Я создал его [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Dolgan здесь]. ::::::::Пожалуйста, оставьте комментарий, показывающий вашу поддержку и указывающий, что вы носитель языка, желающий создать эту энциклопедию (лучше, если вы напишете ее на английском языке). ::::::::Я также предлагаю вам попытаться найти другого человека, который сможет сотрудничать в создании статей, поскольку нам нужно, чтобы над проектом работали как минимум три человека. ::::::::Как вы [https://codelookup.toolforge.org/dlg видите], язык не включен в TranslateWiki, поэтому сначала нам нужно включить его, а затем вам нужно будет перевести сообщения, которые там появляются. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:17, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :* «Таай Баанньа» — ньуучча һуруйааччыта уонна драматурга, Антон Павлович Чехов, һуруйбут пьесата. 1896 һылга һуруллан бүппүтэ. :* Ахматова Анна Андреевна (төрүүрүгэр Анна Андреевна Горенко, маӈнайгы эрин аатынан Горенко-Гумилева, бүппүттэрин кэннэ псевдонимы ылбыта — Ахматова; 1889 көмүөл ыйын 11 [көмүөл ыйын 23], Одесса, Россия империята — 1966 һырай һылыйар ыйын 5, Домодедово, ССРС) — ньуучча уонна һэбиэскэй һуруйааччы. ССРС һуруйааччылар һойууһун чилиэнэ (1939). Нобелевскай премияга номинант (Литература, 1965 уонна 1966). :* «Реквием» — Анна Андреевна Ахматова, Улакан террор туһунан, һуруйбут элегия. :* Царь — славян монархтарын титула. :* Иван IV Васильевич, Уордаак Иван (1530 ыргакта ыйын 25, Коломенское, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — 1584 һырай һылыйар ыйын 18 [һырай һылыйар ыйын 28], Москва, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата) — государь, Москва уонна Русь улуу кинээһэ, 1547 һылтан — Русь барытын царя. :* Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ :* Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ — Ньуучча һаарыстыба монаргын титула. :* Петр I Алексеевич (Улуу Петр; 1672 тугут төрүүр ыйын 30 [көмүөл ыйын 9], Москва, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — 1584 күн таксар ыйын 28 [үөлэс ыйын 28], Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — 1682 һылтан Русь царя, 1721 һылтан бары Россиятаагы ырактаагы. :Пока первая пачка перевода, скоро переведу остальное [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 01:20, 31 May 2025 (UTC) ::Спасибо за перевод, я создал статьи. Также, когда у вас будет время, не могли бы вы перевести [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jon_Gua этот шаблон]? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 04:27, 31 May 2025 (UTC) :::{{Wp/dlg/Capsa seriei :::| latitudo_capsae = 230px :::| заголовок = [[Россия историята]] :::| imago = Памятник тысячелетию России 2013 06.JPG :::| grex1 = 879–1240: Киевскай Русь :::| index1 = :::* Новгород һирэ 882–1136 :::* Полоцк кинээһилигэ 987–1397 :::* Чернигов кинээһилигэ 988–1402 :::* Владимир улуу кинээһилигэ 1093–1157 :::| grex2 = 1240–1480: Феодальнай Русь :::| index2 = :::* Новгород Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ 1136–1478 :::* Владимир Улуу кинэһһилигэ 1157–1331 :::* [[Wp/dlg/Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ|Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ]] 1263–1547 :::| grex3 = 1480–1917: Царь Россията :::| index3 = :::* [[Wp/dlg/Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата|Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата]] 1547–1721 :::* [[Wp/dlg/Россия империята|Россия империята]] 1721–1917 :::| grex4 = 1917–1923: 1917 һыллаагы революция :::| index4 = :::* Россия өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ 1917–1918 :::* [[Россия Һэбиэскэй Федератиибиниэй Һоциалистическэй Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ|РСФСР]] 1917–1922 :::* [[Россия һудаарыстыбата (1918—1920)]] 1918–1920 :::| grex5 = 1923–1991: [[ССРС историята|ССРС]] :::| index5 = :::* [[Һэбиэскэй Һоциалистическэй Өрөспүүбүлүкэлэр Һойуустара|ССРС]] 1922–1991 :::|grex6 = since 1991: Аныгы Россия :::|index6 = :::* [[Wp/dlg/Россия|Россия]] 1991–бүгүӈӈээӈӈи диэри :::| vide_etiam = :::}} [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 05:37, 31 May 2025 (UTC) ::::Спасибо. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:04, 31 May 2025 (UTC) :::::Вот есть же этот шаблон, а где его использовать? Только в статьях о государствах или там в царях тоже? [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:07, 2 June 2025 (UTC) * Я разместил здесь статью, которая все еще нуждается в переводе. ** Никола́й II Алекса́ндрович (6 [18] мая 1868, Царское Село — 17 июля 1918, Екатеринбург) — последний император Всероссийский, царь Польский и великий князь Финляндский (20 октября [1 ноября] 1894 — 2 марта 1917) из династии Гольштейн-Готторп-Романовых. ** Русская православная церковь (РПЦ), официально известная также как Московский патриархат, является автокефальной восточно-православной христианской церковью. Имеет 194 епархии на территории России. Предстоятель РПЦ — патриарх Московский и всея Руси. ** Февра́льская револю́ция 1917 года в Росси́и — массовые антиправительственные выступления петроградских рабочих и солдат петроградского гарнизона, приведшие к свержению российской монархии и созданию Временного правительства, сосредоточившего в своих руках всю законодательную и исполнительную власть в России. Революционные события охватили период конца февраля — начала марта 1917 года (по юлианскому календарю, действовавшему в то время в России). ** Октябрьская революция — вооружённое восстание в Петрограде в октябре (ноябре по новому стилю) 1917 года, в результате которого было свергнуто Временное правительство и установлена ​​Советская власть. В историографии рассматривается либо как самостоятельное историческое событие, либо как продолжение Февральской революции. ** Революция 1917 года в России (Февральская революция и Великая Октябрьская Социалистическая революция 1917 года, Великая российская революция, Великая русская революция[1]) — условное название революционных событий, произошедших в России в 1917 году, начиная со свержения монархии во время Февральской революции, когда власть перешла к Временному правительству, которое, в свою очередь, было свергнуто в результате Октябрьской революции большевиков и их временных союзников, провозгласивших власть советов (советскую власть). ** Патриа́рх Ни́кон (мирское имя Ники́та Ми́нин (Минов)[2]; 7 [17] мая 1605[3], село Вельдеманово — 17 [27] августа 1681, Тропинская слобода, Ярославль) — московский патриарх, с 25 июля (4 августа) 1652 года по 12 (22) декабря 1666 года. Имел титул «Великого Государя». Церковные реформы патриарха Никона, которые он начал в 1650-х годах, были направлены на изменение существовавшей тогда в Русской Церкви обрядовой традиции в целях её унификации с современной греческой. Они вызвали раскол Русской церкви, что привело к возникновению старообрядчества. В 1666 году он был извержен из патриаршества и стал простым монахом[4], хотя его реформы были продолжены. ** Раско́л Ру́сской це́ркви — церковный раскол в Русской православной церкви, начавшийся в 1650-х годах в Москве. Связан с реформой патриарха Никона, направленной на внесение изменений в богослужебные книги московской печати и некоторые обряды в целях их унификации с современными греческими[1][2][3]. ** Старообря́дчество[1][2] (до указа о веротерпимости 1905 года — раско́л, раско́льничество[3]); Древлеправосла́вие (по́зднее самоназвание ряда течений[4]) — совокупность религиозных течений и организаций в русле русской православной традиции, отвергающих предпринятую в 1653—1660-х годах московским патриархом Никоном и царём Алексеем Михайловичем церковную реформу, целью которой провозглашалась унификация богослужебного чина Русской церкви[5] с Греческой церковью и, прежде всего, с Константинопольской церковью («книжная справа»). ** Окцидента́ль, или Интерли́нгве (Occidental, Interlingue) ([interˈliŋɡwe], [oktsidenˈtaːl]; ISO 639 ie, ile) — международный искусственный язык. Предложен в 1920-х годах Эдгаром де Валем (Эстония). В 1949 году переименован в интерлингве для устранения негативных ассоциаций, которые могло бы вызывать название «западный», а также ради планировавшегося сближения с интерлингвой-ИАЛА. ** Эдга́р де (фон) Валь (нем. Edgar de Wahl, Edgar von Wahl; 11 августа 1867 — 9 марта 1948) — создатель международного искусственного языка окциденталь (интерлингве). ** Литература на интерлингве существует с момента создания языка Эдгаром де Валем в 1922 году. Хотя в основном она состоит из оригинальных рассказов и переводов, опубликованных в центральном журнале этого языка, Cosmoglotta, также существуют полнометражные романы и поэтические антологии, в частности написанные такими авторами, как Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш и Ярослав Подобский[1]. ** Интерли́нгва (Interlingua) — международный вспомогательный язык, разработанный в 1936—1951 годах Международной ассоциацией вспомогательного языка (IALA) под руководством Александра Гоуда. Интерлингва IALA — это результат работы большого коллектива европейских и американских учёных-лингвистов. Словарный состав языка интерлингва включает в себя слова, имеющие латинские корни, а также международную лексику, взятую из итальянского, испанского, португальского, французского, английского, немецкого и русского языков. ** Ли́нгва фра́нка но́ва (сокр. ЛФН — транскрипция «элэфэн»; Lingua Franca Nova, сокр. LFN — транскрипция elefen, «новый лингва франка») — международный искусственный язык, созданный американским психологом нидерландского происхождения Джорджем Буре (George Boeree)[1] на основе лексики романских языков: французского, итальянского, испанского, португальского и каталанского языков. Грамматика языка базируется на принципах пиджинов и креольских языков. Первым оригинальным романом, опубликованным на Лингва франка нова, был La xerca per Pahoa («поиски Пахоа»), написанный Висенте Косталаго;[18] Публикация началась в 2020 году (интернет) и 2021 году (книга). --[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 19:45, 31 May 2025 (UTC) *:* '''Николай II Александрович '''(1868 тугут төрүүр ыйын 6 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 18], Царское Село, Россия империята — 1918 кумаар түһэр ыйын 17, Екатеринбург, РСФСР) — Гольштейн-Готторпскай кэргэтиттэн һылдьар, Россия бүтүгэс ырактаагыта, Польша царя уонна Финляндия улуу кинээһэ. *:* '''Ньуучча православнай церковя''' (РПЦ), өссүө '''Москватаагы патриархат''' — 194 епархиялаак, Россияга гынар, автофекальной аллара-православнай христианскай церковь. РПЦ һалайааччыта — бүтүн Русь уонна Москва патриарха. *:* '''1917 һыллаагы, үөлэс ыйдаагы Россия өрөбөлүүссүйэтэ''' — Россия монархиятын ууратаппыт, массовай Петроградтаагы үлэһиттэр уонна һаллааттар дьаһалта утары выступлениялара. Ол выступленияттан һалтаан, Россия монархията һуок буолбута уонна быстаак кэмнээк дьаһалта баар буолбута. Өрөбөлүссүйүөннэй түгэннэр үөлэс ыйын бүтүүтүгэр һырай һылыйар ыйын дылы буолбута. *:* '''Өктөөп өрөбөлүүссүйэтэ''' — Петрогракка 1917 һылга буолбут, һааламмыт восстание. Ол өрөбөлүссүйэттэн һалтаан һэбиэскэй былаас туруммута. Историяграфияга самостоятельнай да, үөлэс ыйдаагы өрөбөлүүссүйэ чааһын курдук көрүнэр. *:[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 05:11, 2 June 2025 (UTC) *::'''Никон патриарх''' (кирдик аата — '''Никита Минин''' (Минов); 1605 тугут төрүүр ыйын 7 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 17], Вальдеманово, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — 1681 ыргакта ыйын 17 [ыргакта ыйын 27], Тропинскай слобода, Ярославль) — кумаар түһэр ыйын 25, 1652, караӈа кыһын ыйын 12 диэри, 1666, москватаагы патриарх. «Улуу Государь» тиитулун һүгэр этэ. 1650-с һылларга, гини церковнай реформалары һагаалыбыта, ол реформалар Ньуучча церковын быдан гириэк диэки курдук оӈороору һагаламмыттара. Ол реформалар церковь утары камсааһыны сагалаабыта уонна онуттан һалтаан раскольниктар баар буолбуттара. 1666 һылга реформалара атыттар салгаабыттарын эрээри, гинини патриархтан уурайбыттара уонна гини монах эрэ буолбута. *::'''Ньуучча церковын кайдыыта''' — 1650-с һылларга сагалааммыт, Ньуучча православнай церковыгар, церковнай кайдыыы. Никон патриарх реформаларын кытта һибээстээк. Ол реформалар богослужебнай кинигэлэргэ, бэчээккэ уонна һиэргэ-туомӈа уларытыылары киллэрбитэ. *::'''Оксиденталь''', өссүө '''Интерлингве''' (Occidental, Interlingue; [interˈliŋɡwe], [oktsidenˈtaːl]) — аан дойдуга туттуллар оӈоһуу тыл. 1920-с һылларга, Эдгар де Валь көрдөбүлүнэн баар буолбута. «Оксиденталь», 1949 һылга, «Интерлингве» диэн аакка уларыйбыта. *::'''Эдгар де''' (фон) '''Валь''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-de|Edgar de Wahl, Edgar von Wahl}}; 1867 ыргакта ыйын 11 — 1948 һырай һылыйар ыйын 9) — «Оксиденталь» (Интерлингве) оӈоһуу тылын тэрийээччитэ. *::1922-с һылтан, Интерлингве тылыгар литература баар. Литература үксүн, Cosmoglotta диэн журналга таһаарыллыбыт, оригальнай кэпсээннэртэн уонна тулмаастарыттан эрэ турар. Өссүө бу тылынан романнар уонна антологиялар һуруллубуттара, ол айымньылары үксүн Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш уонна Ярослав Подобскай һуруйбуттара. *::'''Интерлингуа тыл'''(Interlingua) — Омуктар икки ардынаагы көмөһөлөр тыллар ассоциацияларынан (IALA), 1936—1951 һылларга, оӈоһуллубут, аан дойду оӈоһуу-көмөһөлөр тыла. IALA Интерлингуата — элбэк аксааннаак Эуропа уонна Америка лингибиис-учуонайдар үлэтин түмүгэ. Интерлингуа үксүн латыын тылтан ылыллыбыт тыллартан турар, уонна өссүө, италия тылтан, испаан тылтан, португаал тылтан, боронсуус тылтан, ааӈыл тылтан, ньиэмэс тылтан уонна ньуучча тылтан ылыллыбыт, аан дойдутаагы лиэксикэттэн турар. *::'''Лингуа франка нова''' (кылг. ЛФН; Lingua Franca Nova, кылг. LFN) — Америка психологынан, Дьордь Буре тэрийбит, аан дойду оӈоһуу тыла. Тыл лиэксикэтэ роман тыллар лиэксикэтинэн тутуллубут. Тыл грамматиката пиджин уонна креол тыллар принциптарынан тутуллар. Маӈнайгы, Лингуа франка нова тылынан һуруллубут, роман — La xerca per Pahoa, Висенте Косталаго һуруллуутунан, 2020-с һылга баар буолбута. [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 01:39, 3 June 2025 (UTC) ==Просьба о помощи - Долган== Здравствуйте Sauit, Очень приятно с Вами познакомиться. Обращаюсь к Вам с просьбой -- переведите, пожалуйста, эту статью на уникальный замечательный Долганский язык. Вот текст статьи: "Иисус дьиҥнээх таҥаратын дьиэтэ" — (кимтэн да тутулуга суох) таҥара үөрэҕэ. Кытайга Пекин куоракка 1917 сыллаахха төрүттэммитэ. Протестаннар таҥараларын үөрэҕин биир салаатынан буолар. Билигин аан дойду үрдүнэн 1,5 мөлүйүөнтэн тахса итэҕэйээчилээх. Билигин баар итэҕэл сүүрээннэриттэн саамай түргэнник улаатар сүүрээн. Сүрүн салалтата билигин АХШ-тарыгар, Лос-Анжелес куоракка баар. Москватааҕы отделенията 1995 сыллаахха аһыллыбыта. 10 сүрүн принциптара: #Сибэтиэй Дух #Кириһиэнньэ #Атах сууйуута #Сибэтиэй причастие #Субуота күн #Иисус Христос #Биибилийэ #Быыһаныы #Таҥара Дьиэтэ #Бутэһиктээх быһаарыы Заранее выражаю огромную благодарность. --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 04:30, 2 June 2025 (UTC) :«Кирдик Иисус таӈара дьиэтэ» — кимтэн да тутулуга һуок христианство, протестантизм үөрэгэ. Пекин гуоракка 1917 һылга баар буолбута. Аны аан дойдуга 1,5 мөл. үгүс итэгэйээччилээк. Аны баар итэгэллэртэн, муӈ түргэн улаатар итэгэл. Һүрүн һалалтата ИАШ-ка, Лос-Андьелес гуоракка турар. Москватаагы отделение 1995 һылга тэриллибитэ. :10 һүрүн бириинсибэ: :# Ытык айыы :# Кириһиэнньэ :# Атак һууйуута :# Ытык причастие :# Субботатаагы күн :# Иисус :# Библия :# Абырааланы :# Таӈара дьиэтэ :# Бүтүгэс өйдөтүү :[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 04:51, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ::Just to let you know, I have now created the article [[Wp/dlg/Кирдик Иисус таӈара дьиэтэ|here]]. --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 11:22, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ==Thank you== [[File:Wiklesia.jpg|right|thumb|150px|link=https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Sauit#Thank_you]] :::<big>'''Thank you very much'''</big> for your wonderful translation! :::It is very much appreciated. :::May Dolgan Wikipedia prosper!" :::---[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 10:36, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ::::Can you please help translate this short verse into the Dolgan language?: «Таҥара бу аан дойдуну ол курдук таптаан, Бэйэтин Төрөппүт Соҕотох Уолун, Кинини итэҕэйэр ханнык баҕарар киһи өлбөтүн, бараммат олохтонорун туһугар, биэрбитэ». ::::FYI, if you need any help with other templates, I can help you. --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 10:50, 2 June 2025 (UTC) :::::«Таӈара бу аан дойдуну таптаан, бэйэтэ төрөппүт һоготок уолун, киниэкэ итэгэйэр эӈин-эӈин дьон өлбөтүн уонна бараммат олоктонорун туһугар, биэрдэ» [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:59, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::Thank you very very much for your help! --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 11:13, 2 June 2025 (UTC) == Новые переводы == Не могли бы вы это перевести? * Екатери́на II Алексе́евна, Екатери́на Вели́кая, урождённая Софи́я Авгу́ста Фредери́ка А́нгальт-Це́рбстская (нем. Sophie Auguste Friederike von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg; 21 апреля [2 мая] 1729, Штеттин, Пруссия — 6 ноября 1796, Зимний дворец, Санкт-Петербург, Российская империя) — Императрица и Самодержица Всероссийская (1762—1796). Племянница шведского короля Адольфа Фридриха, двоюродная племянница прусского короля Фридриха Великого. * Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев (27 января [8 февраля] 1834, Тобольск — 20 января [2 февраля] 1907, Санкт-Петербург) — русский учёный-энциклопедист: химик, физикохимик, физик, метролог, экономист, технолог, геолог, метеоролог, нефтяник, педагог, воздухоплаватель, приборостроитель. * Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский (25 апреля [7 мая] 1840, Воткинский завод, Вятская губерния — 25 октября [6 ноября] 1893, Санкт-Петербург) — русский композитор, педагог, дирижёр и музыкальный критик. * И́горь Фёдорович Страви́нский (5 [17] июня 1882, Ораниенбаум, Санкт-Петербургская губерния — 6 апреля 1971, Нью-Йорк) — русский композитор. Гражданин Франции (1934) и США (1945). Один из крупнейших представителей мировой музыкальной культуры XX века. Музыку Стравинского отличает стилистическое многообразие: в первом периоде творчества (наиболее репертуарные его сочинения) она несёт яркий отпечаток русской культурной традиции. Стилистика позднейших сочинений выдаёт, среди прочего, влияние неоклассицизма и додекафонии Новой венской школы. * Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик (Сове́тский Сою́з, Сою́з ССР, аббрев. СССР) — государство в Евразии, существовавшее с 30 декабря 1922 года по 26 декабря 1991 года. * Влади́мир Ильи́ч Ле́нин (фамилия при рождении — Улья́нов; также известен под двойной фамилией Улья́нов-Ле́нин; 10 (22) апреля 1870, Симбирск, Российская империя — 21 января 1924, Большие Горки, Сухановская волость, Подольский уезд, Московская губерния, РСФСР, СССР) — российский революционер, юрист, крупный теоретик марксизма, советский политический и государственный деятель, создатель Российской социал-демократической рабочей партии (большевиков), один из организаторов и руководителей Октябрьской революции 1917 года в России, первый председатель Совета народных комиссаров РСФСР и Совета народных комиссаров СССР, создатель первого в мировой истории социалистического государства. * Ио́сиф Виссарио́нович Ста́лин (фамилия при рождении — Джугашви́ли груз. იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი; 6 [18] декабря 1878, Гори, Тифлисская губерния, Российская империя — 5 марта 1953, Ближняя дача, село Волынское, Кунцевский район, Московская область, РСФСР, СССР) — российский революционер, советский политический, государственный, военный и партийный деятель. Фактический руководитель СССР. * Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Баку́нин (18 [30] мая 1814, село Прямухино, Новоторжский уезд, Тверская губерния, Российская империя — 19 июня [1 июля] 1876, Берн, Швейцария) — русский мыслитель и революционер из рода Бакуниных, один из теоретиков анархизма, народничества. Стоит у истоков социального анархизма. * Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв (2 марта 1931, Привольное, Медвеженский район, Северо-Кавказский край, РСФСР, СССР — 30 августа 2022, Москва, Россия) — советский и российский государственный, политический, партийный и общественный деятель. Последний Генеральный секретарь ЦК КПСС (1985—1991). Последний Председатель Президиума Верховного Совета СССР (1988—1989), затем первый председатель Верховного Совета СССР (1989—1990). Единственный в истории президент СССР (1990—1991). * Альфонс Матейка (9 января 1902 г. – 27 октября 1999 г.) был швейцарским специалистом по экспорту и сторонником международного вспомогательного языка. Родился в Санкт-Галлене в семье чеха и швейцарки, работал в текстильной и часовой промышленности и большую часть жизни прожил в Ла-Шо-де-Фоне. Матейка наиболее известен своей работой в международном языковом движении; сначала поддерживая Идо, а затем Окциденталь, он возглавлял многочисленные организации в этой области и написал несколько книг, обучающих этим языкам. Матейка также помог основать Центр документации и изучения международного языка. * Литература на Окциденталь существует с момента создания языка Эдгаром де Валем в 1922 году. Хотя в основном она состоит из оригинальных рассказов и переводов, опубликованных в центральном журнале этого языка, Cosmoglotta, также существуют полнометражные романы и поэтические антологии, в частности написанные такими авторами, как Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш и Ярослав Подобский. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:51, 3 June 2025 (UTC) :* '''Екатерина II Алексеевна''', өссүө '''Улуу Екатерина''' (төрүүрүгэр — София Августа Фредерика Ангальт-Цербстская; 1729 таба эмийдир ыйын 21 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 2], Штеттин, Пруссия — 1796 күн түһэр ыйын 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — Ырактаагы уонна Россия бүтүн Самодержеһа. Швед коруолун, Адольф Фридрих, балыһа. Пруссия коруолун, Улуу Фридрих, һиэн балыһа. :* '''Дмитрий Иванович Менделеев''' (1834 күн таксар ыйын 27 [үөлэс ыйын 8], Тобольск, Россия империята — 1907 күн таксар ыйын 20 [үөлэс ыйын 2], Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — ньуучча учуонай-энциклопедист: хиимик, физикохимик, фиизик, метролог, экэньэмиис, технолог, геолог, метеоролог, нефтяник, учытал, воздухоплаватель, приборостроитель. :* '''Пётр Ильич Чайковский''' (1840 таба эмийдир ыйын 25 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 7], Воткинский завод, Россия империята — 1893 буус тоӈор ыйын 25 [күн түһэр ыйын 6], Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — ньуучча композитэрэ, учытал, дирижёр уонна мусукаалынай сыанабылдьыт. :* '''Игорь Фёдорович Стравинский''' (1882 көмүөл ыйын 5 [көмүөл ыйын 17], Ораниенбаум, Россия империята — 1971 таба эмийдир ыйын 6, Нью-Йорк, ИАШ) — ньуучча композитэрэ. Франция (1934) уонна ИАШ (1945) олоктоого. Аан дойду биир муӈ улакан XX үйэ музыка композитэрэ. Стравинскай музыката элбэк истиил өттүнэн уратылаак: гини творчество маӈнайгы периодыгар, гини творчествота ньуучча культурнай үгэстэрэ быдан һырдык һабыдыаллыыр. Кэнники өйтөн һуруйуулар истилиистикэтэ, Һаӈа Вена школа, неоклассицизм уонна додекафония һабыдыалын көрдөрөр. :* '''Һэбиэскэй Һоциалистическэй Өрөспүүбүлүкэлэр Һойуустара''' ('''Һэбиэскэй Һойуус''', кылг. '''ССРС''') — 1922 һылтан 1991 һылга диэри, Эуразияга баар буолбут һудаарыстыба. :пока первая пачка [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 11:18, 3 June 2025 (UTC) :* '''Владимир Ильич Ленин''' (төрүүрүгэр — '''Владимир Ильич Ульянов''', өссүө Ульянов-Ленин араспаанньата биллэр; 1870 таба эмийдир ыйын 10 [таба эмийдир ыйын 22], Симбирск, Россия империята — 1924 күн таксар ыйын 21, Большие Горки, РСФСР, ССРС) — ньуучча революционера, юриһа, марксизм биир бөдөӈ теоретига, һэбиэскэй полилитическэй уонна һудаарыстыбынай һаарын, Россия социал-демократическэй үлэһиттэр партияларын (большевиктар) тэрийэччитэ, 1917 һыллаагы Өктөөп өрөбөлүүссүйэтин тэрийэччитэ, РСФСР народнай коммисар сүбэлэрин маӈнайгы һалайааччыта, аан дойду маӈнайгы социалистическэй һудаарыстыбаны тэрийэччитэ. :* '''Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин''' (төрүүрүгэр — '''Иосиф Виссарионович Джугашвили''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-ka|იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი}}); 1878 караӈа кыһын ыйын 6 [караӈа кыһын ыйын 18], Гори, Россия империята — 1953 һырай һылыйар ыйын 5, Волынское, РСФСР, ССРС) — Россия революционера, һэбиэскэй политическэй, государственнай, военнай уонна партийнай һаарын. Фактическай ССРС һалайааччыта (1924—1953). :* '''Михаил Александрович Бакунин''' (1814 тугут төрүүр ыйын 18 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 30], Прямухино, Россия империята — 1876 көмүөл ыйын 19 [кумаар түһэр ыйын 1], Берн, Швейцария) — Бакуниннар кэргэттэн һылдьар, ньуучча мыслителя уонна революционера, анархизм теоретика. Социальнай анархизм биир маӈнайгы тэрийээччитэ. :* '''Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв''' (1931 һырай һылыйар ыйын 2, Привольное, РСФСР, ССРС — 2022 ыргакта ыйын, Москва, Россия) — һэбиэскэй уонна ньуучча һудаарыстыбынай, политическэй уонна общественнай һаарын. Бүтэһик ЦК ССКП генеральнай секретаря (1985—1991). Маӈнайгы уонна бүтэһик ССРС бэрэсидьиэнэ (1990—1991). :* '''Альфонс Матейка''' (1902 күн таксар ыйын 9 — 1999 буус тоӈор ыйын 27) — швейцарияттан һылдьыбыт экспорт специалиһа, аан дойду көмөлөһөр тыллар кайгааччыта. Идо уонна Окциденталь оӈоһуу тыллар өйөөбүтэ, өссүө аан дойду тыллар докумантациятын уонна үөрэтиитин центрын тэрийбитэ. :* 1922-с һылтан, Окциденталь тылыгар литература баар. Литература үксүн, Cosmoglotta диэн журналга таһаарыллыбыт, оригальнай кэпсээннэртэн уонна тулмаастарыттан эрэ турар. Өссүө бу тылынан романнар уонна антологиялар һуруллубуттара, ол айымньылары үксүн Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш уонна Ярослав Подобскай һуруйбуттара. :[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:03, 4 June 2025 (UTC) ::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы это перевести? ::По словам испанского окциденталиста Висенте Косталаго, историю литературы на этом языке можно в целом разделить на четыре раздела: ::Первый период (1921—1927): ранняя литература от создания языка до переезда центрального управления языка в Вену. ::Венская эпоха (1927—1949): литература с момента переезда в Вену до смены названия языка с Окциденталь на Интерлингве. ::Период застоя (1950—1999): от смены названия Интерлингве до создания первой группы Yahoo!. ::Возрождение языка через использование интернета (1999-): Литература из первой группы Yahoo!. ::* Cosmoglotta — центральный журнал движения Окциденталь. Эдгар фон Валь основал его в 1922 году под названием Kosmoglott. С 1927 года (номер 38) журнал носит название Cosmoglotta. Это официальный журнал Interlingue-Union. ::* Висенте Косталаго — филолог, писатель, поэт, переводчик, исследователь и автор, работающий с различными искусственными языками. Он родился в Испании и изучал современные языки в Автономном университете Мадрида, а также перевод и интерпретацию в Манчестерском университете. Он писал и публиковал тексты на разных искусственных языках, в особенности на Интерлингве и Лингва франка нова ::* Ки́евская Русь, или Древнеру́сское госуда́рство, или Дре́вняя Русь — средневековое государство в Северо-Восточной Европе, первое восточнославянское государство; сформировалось в IX веке в результате объединения ряда общностей, преимущественно восточнославянских и финно-угорских племён, под властью князей династии Рюриковичей. ::* Русские княжества (XII—XVI веков) — государственные образования исторической Руси, располагавшиеся (полностью или частично) на территории современных Беларуси, России, Украины, Польши, Молдавии, Румынии, Латвии, Эстонии. ::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:47, 4 June 2025 (UTC) :::Предупреждаю что я не забил на проект, я в отъезде и вернусь в понедельник [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 09:37, 6 June 2025 (UTC) ::::Спасибо, что сообщили. Наслаждайтесь выходными. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:48, 6 June 2025 (UTC) :::* '''Cosmoglotta''' — Окциденталь тылын киин һурунаала. 1922 һылга Эдгар фон Вальынан Kosmoglott аатынан тэриллибитэ. 1927 һылтан (№38), һурунаал Cosmoglotta аатын һүгэр. Interlingue-Union тэрилтэ һүрүн һурунаала. :::* '''Висенте Косталаго''' — филолог, һуруйааччы, тулмаасчыт, учуонай уонна араас оӈоһуу тыллары кытта үлэлиир ааптар. Гини Испанияга төрөөбүтэ уонна Мадрид Автономнай университетыгар аныгы тыллары үөрэппитэ, өссүө Манчестер университетыгар интерпритацияны уонна тулмааһы үөрэппитэ. Гини тиэкистэри араас оӈоһуу тылларга һуруйбута, үксүн Интерлингве уонна Лингва франка нова тылларыгар һуруйар уонна бигэргэтэр этэ. :::* '''Киевскай Русь''', эбэтэр '''Былыргы ньуучча һудаарыстыбата''', эбэтэр '''Былыргы Русь''' — Муора-Аллара Эуропа орто үйэ һудаарыстыбата, маӈнайгы аллара славянскай һудаарыстыба. Рюриковичтэр былааһын аннытыгар, IX үйэгэ, араас славянскай уонна финно-угорскай общностар колбоһууларын түмүгүнэн, баар буолбута. :::* '''Ньуучча кинээһиликтэрэ''' (XII—XVI үйэлэргэ) — историческэй Русь һиригэр һудаарыстыбынай тэрийиилэр. Толору эбэтэр үксүн аныгы Беларусь, Россия, Украина, Польша, Молдова, Румыния, Латвия уонна Эстония һирдэригэр баар этилэр. :::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:46, 10 June 2025 (UTC) ::::Простите за задержку [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:46, 10 June 2025 (UTC) :::::Беззаботный. :::::Не могли бы вы это перевести? :::::Его первой опубликованной книгой была La xerca per Pahoa, написанная на Лингва франка нова. Эта новелла рассказывает о путешествии, которое совершает Joan, чтобы найти меч Pahoa, меч с магическими силами, который может использовать только истинный наследник королевства Линкуо. Это была первая оригинальная история, опубликованная на Лингва франка нова. Другие книги, опубликованные на этом языке, включают A, B и C. Другие книги, изданные на этом языке, включают Pensas rimada, Rancur и трилогию La Club de la Marcia. :::::Затем следующая книга была опубликована на Оксиденталь. В этом случае это был также оригинальный текст Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas. Другие книги, опубликованные на этом языке, включают Li tresor de Fluvglant, Subuqti, Li Crímines de Cnocorran и Reminiscenties. :::::В апреле 2025 года он опубликовал Euris estremeñus i sotras poemas, свою первую работу на языке Эстремадуры. Разделенная на три части, первая содержит несколько стихотворений о разных героях Эстремадуры (Эрнан Кортес, Франсиско Писарро и Инес Суарес, среди прочих); вторая часть содержит религиозные стихотворения; а третья — различные стихотворения без общей темы. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:04, 10 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::Гини маӈнайгы бигэргэтиллибит кинигэтэ — La xerca per Pahoa, Лингва франка нова тылын һуруллубут. Бу новелла Joan, Pahoa болот булаары, барыытын туһунан кэпсиир. Pahoa — магическэй күүстээк болот, ол болоту дьиӈнээк Линкуо коруоллугун салгааччыта туттуогун һөп. Бу маӈнайгы оригинальнай Лингва франка нова тылынан бигэргиллибит өһө. Атын бу тылынан бигэргэтиллибит кинигэлэр: Pensas rimadad, Rancur уонна La Club de la Marcia трилогията. ::::::Онтон нөӈүө, гини Оксиденталь тылынан бэчээттии сагалаабыта. Ол кинигэ — эмиэ оригинальнай тиэкис — «Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas». Атын бу тылынан бигэргэтиллибит кинигэлэр, Li tresor de Fluvglant, Subuqti, Li Crímines de Cnocorran уонна Reminiscenties киллэрэллэр. ::::::2025 һылын, таба эмийдиир ыйыгар, гини Euris estremeñus i sotras poemas кинигэни бигэргэппитэ, Эстремадура тылынан һуруллубут маӈнайгы үлэтин һуруйбута. Ол кинигэ үс чааска быһыллыбыта, маӈнайгы ис коһоонугар хас даганы, араас Эстремадура дьоруойдарын туһунан, коһооннор; иккис ис коһоонугар эӈин-эӈин итэгэл туһунан коһооннор; онтон үһүс — эӈин-эӈин тиэмэлэрэ һуок коһооннор. [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 11:51, 10 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы это перевести? :::::::* Сокра́т (др.-греч. Σωκράτης; около 469 года до н. э., Афины — 399 год до н. э., Афины) — древнегреческий философ. Его учение разделило древнегреческую философию на «досократический» и «сократовский» периоды. В отличие от предшественников, которых интересовали вопросы сотворения космоса и всего сущего, Сократ стал изучать внутренний мир человека. С Сократом и его учением связаны разнообразные парадоксы. Один из них состоит в том, что нашим современникам ничего достоверно не известно о деталях учения Сократа. В то же время не вызывает сомнения «разворот» направления развития философии, который связан с именем Сократа. :::::::* Аристо́тель (др.-греч. Ἀριστοτέλης, 384—322 годы до нашей эры) — греческий философ и эрудит классического периода в Древней Греции, яркий пример «универсального человека». :::::::* Плато́н (др.-греч. Πλάτων; 428/427 или 424/423 — 348/347 до н. э.) — афинский философ классического периода Древней Греции, основатель платонической школы мысли и Академии, первого высшего учебного заведения в западном мире. :::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 17:11, 13 June 2025 (UTC) 0lrq62tw0fg709aqrix4ckre2ioo4mv 6685840 6685452 2025-06-14T03:26:32Z Sauit 2605150 /* Новые переводы 2 */ Reply 6685840 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 10:47, 15 March 2025 (UTC) == Запрос на перевод == Привет, как дела? Я хотел бы спросить, не могли бы вы перевести это на долганский: Язык глоса является созданным вспомагательным языком разработанным для международного сообщения. У этого языка есть несколько особенности: * У него есть постоянное произношение, и правописание - фонетическое. * Структура очень проста и основана на значении. * Этот язык является аналитическим языком без склонений и родов. Только немного слов занимается грамматическими отношениями. * Язык глоса, прежде всего, нейтральный и действительно международный из-за использования латинских и греческих корней использованных в международных научных словах. Спасибо [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:34, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :Язык глоса? Типо Язык с названием Глоса или Язык человека по имени Глос [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:36, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Язык, называемый [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0 Глоса] [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:38, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :Глоса тыл — киһинэн оӈоһуллубут көмөһөлөргө, омуктар икки ардынаагы кэпсэтэргэ аналлаак тыл. Бу тыл хас даганы уратылаак: :* Гиниэхэ саӈарыыта уларыйбат уонна суруга фонетическай. :* Суруллуута олус ама уонна һуолтатыгар туттуллар. :* Бу тыл аналитическэй эрэ һыалларга туттуллар, склоненията уонна рода һуок. Тыллар кыра эрэ чаастара грамматиканан ыаһактаналлар. :* Глоса тыл сүрүн уратыта маннык: нейтральнай уонна дьиӈнээктик омуктар икки ардынаагы кэпсэтиигэ көмөһөлөр, гириэскэй уонна латыын тыл ологторун наука тылларыгар туттуутуттан салтаан. :[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:48, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Спасибо большое, я создал [[Wp/dlg/Глоса тыл|статью]]. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:52, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::Спасибо вам тоже, вы очень помогаете развитию долганской Википедии! [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:53, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Не могли бы вы перевести эту же статью на [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA язык якутск]? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:54, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::Глоса тыл диэн киһинэн оҥоһуллубут көмөһөлөргө уонна омуктар икки ардынааҕы кэпсэтиилэргэ аналлаах тыл. Бу тыл хас даҕаны уратылаах: :::* Бу тыл саҥарыыта уларыйбат уонна суруга фонетическай. :::* Суруллуута олус судургу уонна суолтатыгар тутуллар. :::* Бу тыл аналитическай эрэ сыалларга туттуллар, склоненията уонна рода суох. Тыл кыра эрэ чааһа грамматическай сыһыанынан дьарыктанар. :::* Глоса тыл сүрүн уратыта маннык: нейтральнай уонна дьиҥнээхтик омуктар икки ардынааҕы кэпсэтииҕэ көмөһөлөр, гириэк уонна латыын тыл тыл олохторун билим омуктар икки ардынааҕы тылларга туттар. :::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:00, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::Спасибо большое. Я проверял Википедию на долганском, и там почти ничего нет. Я не говорю на этом языке, но я могу дать вам тексты и слова для перевода, а также могу создать шаблоны и короткие статьи. Хотите сделать это? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:06, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::Хотелось бы, заранее спасибо [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:07, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это на долганский? ::::::Страна ::::::Флаг ::::::Карта ::::::Столица ::::::Биография ::::::Изображение ::::::Дата рождения ::::::Дата смерти ::::::Профессия [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:10, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::Дойду :::::::Былааг :::::::Хаарта :::::::Киин гуорат :::::::Биография :::::::Ойуу :::::::Төрөөбүт күнэ :::::::Өлбүт күнэ :::::::Үлэ (Если про человека, то-есть работа человека: киһи ''үлэтэ'') [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:12, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Оба шаблона можно увидеть [[Wp/dlg/Россия|здесь]] и [[Wp/dlg/Аксёнова Огдуо Егоровна|здесь]]. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:31, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Спасибо! Мактал! [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:33, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::* Москва́ — столица России, город федерального значения, административный центр Центрального федерального округа и центр Московской области, в состав которой не входит. ::::::::::* Город ::::::::::* Гражданская война в России ::::::::::* Гражда́нская война́ в Росси́и (ноябрь 1917/17 мая 1918 — 25 октября 1922/19 июня 1923 года) — ряд крупных вооружённых конфликтов между различными политическими, этническими, социальными группами и государственными образованиями на территории бывшей Российской империи, последовавших после Октябрьской революции 1917 года и восстания Чехословацкого корпуса в мае 1918 года. ::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:36, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::* Москва — Россия киин гуората, федеральнай һуолталаак гуорат, Киин федеральнай уокуругун уонна Москва уобалаһын, һастаабыгар киирбэтин эрээри, киин гуората :::::::::::* Гуорат :::::::::::* Россия гражданскай һэриитэ :::::::::::* Россия гражданскай һэриитэ (1917 күн түһэр ыйа/1918 тугут төрүүр ыйын 17 — 1922 буус тоӈор ыйын 25/1923 көмүөл ыйын 19) — 1917 һыллаагы Октябрь революциятыттан уонна 1918 һыллаагы Чехословакия корпуһун өрө туруутуттан һалтаан буолбут, былыр Россия Империятын һирдэригэр, араас политическэй, этническэй, социальнай уонна һудаарыстыбынай образованиялары кытта икки ардынаагы һэрии. :::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 07:47, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::* Страны ::::::::::::* Страны Европы ::::::::::::* Страны Азии ::::::::::::* Европа ::::::::::::* Азия ::::::::::::* Континенты ::::::::::::* География ::::::::::::* История России ::::::::::::* Города России ::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 07:59, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Конечно! Огромное вам спасибо за все шаблоны :::::::::::::* Дойдулар :::::::::::::* Эуропа дойдулара :::::::::::::* Азия дойдулара :::::::::::::* Эуропа :::::::::::::* Азия :::::::::::::* Континент :::::::::::::* География :::::::::::::* Россия историята :::::::::::::* Россия гуораттара :::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:00, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::* Санкт-Петербу́рг (в 1914—1924 годах — Петрогра́д, в 1924—1991 годах — Ленингра́д; разг. Питер, СПб) — второй по численности населения город России. ::::::::::::::* Города ::::::::::::::* Наука ::::::::::::::* Великое княжество Московское ::::::::::::::* Моско́вское кня́жество, с 1363 года — Вели́кое кня́жество Моско́вское — средневековое русское княжество, возникшее по завещанию Александра Невского как удел Великого княжества Владимирского. ::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 08:07, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::* Санкт-Петербург (1914—1924 сылларга — Петроград, 1924—1991 сылларга — Ленинград; өссө СПб уонна Питер курдук биллэр) — иккис олоктоокторун аксаанынан Россия гуората. :::::::::::::::* Гуораттар :::::::::::::::* Наука :::::::::::::::* Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ :::::::::::::::* Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ, 1363 сыл иннитигэр — Москва кинээһилигэ — Александр Невскай кэриэһиттэн тэриллибит, орто үйэлэр кэмигэр баар эбит, дойду. :::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:11, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::* Рост территории Московского княжества ::::::::::::::::* Русское государство ::::::::::::::::* Ру́сское (централизо́ванное) госуда́рство — государство конца XV — начала XVIII веков, сложившееся в результате объединения северо-восточных русских княжеств в конце XV века, в эпоху правления великого князя московского Ивана III. ::::::::::::::::* Российская империя ::::::::::::::::* Росси́йская импе́рия (рус. дореф. Россійская Имперія; также Всеросси́йская импе́рия) — государство, существовавшее в период с 1721 года до Февральской революции 1917 года и провозглашения Временным правительством в сентябре того же года республики. ::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 08:22, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::* Москва кинээһилик һирдэрин элбиитэ :::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата :::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — XV бүтүүтүн — XVIII төрүтүгэр диэри баар эбит һудаарыстыба. Һудаарыстыба, Иван III тойоннообут кэмигэр, муора-алларааӈӈы ньуучча кинээһиликтэрин колбонууларын түмүгүнэн баар буолбута. :::::::::::::::::* Россия империята :::::::::::::::::* Россия империята ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-ru-dor|Россійская Имперія}}; өссүө Бүтүн Россиятаагы империя) — 1721—1917 сылларга баар эбит дойду. :::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:31, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::* Граф Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й (28 августа [9 сентября] 1828, Ясная Поляна, Тульская губерния, Российская империя — 7 [20] ноября 1910, станция Астапово, Рязанская губерния, Российская империя) — один из наиболее известных русских писателей и мыслителей, один из величайших в мире писателей‑романистов. ::::::::::::::::::* «Война́ и мир» (рус. дореф. «Война и миръ») — роман-эпопея Льва Николаевича Толстого, описывающий русское общество в эпоху войн против Наполеона в 1805—1812 годах. Эпилог романа доводит повествование до 1820 года. ::::::::::::::::::* Книга ::::::::::::::::::* Название ::::::::::::::::::* Оригинальное название ::::::::::::::::::* Изображение ::::::::::::::::::* Автор ::::::::::::::::::* Страна ::::::::::::::::::* Язык ::::::::::::::::::* Дата ::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 08:38, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::* Лев Николаевич Толстой (1828 ыргакта ыйын 28 [булкааһын ыйын 9], Ясная Поляна, Тула губернията, Россия империята — 1910 күн түһэр ыйын 7 [күн түһэр ыйын 20], Асталово, Рязань губернията, Россия империята) — муӈ биллэр ньуучча һуруйааччыта, аан дойду биир улуу романист-һуруйааччыта. :::::::::::::::::::* «Война и мир» ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-ru-dof|«Война и миръ»}} — Наполеон утары һэрии кэмнэги ньуучча обществотын туһунан Лев Николаевич Толстой һуруйбут романа. Роман эпилога 1920-с һылга диэри көрдөрөр. :::::::::::::::::::* Кинигэ :::::::::::::::::::* Аата :::::::::::::::::::* Оригинальнай аата :::::::::::::::::::* Ойуу :::::::::::::::::::* Ааптар :::::::::::::::::::* Дойду :::::::::::::::::::* Тыла :::::::::::::::::::* Һуруллубут күнэ :::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:48, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы заполнить шаблон [[Wp/dlg/Война и мир|здесь]]? ::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::::* Иису́с Христо́с (греч. Ἰησοῦς Χριστός) — в христианстве Бог Сын (второе лицо Святой Троицы), богочеловек и предсказанный в Ветхом Завете Мессия, ставший искупительной жертвой за грехи людей. Эпитетом Иисуса Христа стал Спаситель (Спас). ::::::::::::::::::::* Христиа́нство (греч. Χριστιανισμός, лат. Christianismus, от греч. Χριστός — Христос — «Пома́занник», «Месси́я») — мировая авраамическая монотеистическая религия, учение которой восходит к проповеди Иисуса Христа и его апостолов (переданной в Новом Завете) в Земле Израильской, и было развито отцами Церкви. ::::::::::::::::::::* Би́блия (мн. ч. греч. βιβλία от ед.ч. греч. βιβλίον — «книга»; от греч. βύβλος — «папирус»; от названия древнего финикийского города Библ) — собрание текстов, составляющих Священное Писание в иудаизме и христианстве. ::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:05, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::::* Иисус Христос ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-el|Ἰησοῦς Χριστός}}) — христианство итэгэлигэр «Иччи-Уол» (Ытык Троица иккис һырайа), иччи-киһи уонна Ветхай Завекка, дьон аньыыларыттан һалтаан жертва буолбут, этиллибит Мессия. Спаситель (Спас) Иисус Христос эпитетынынан буолбута. :::::::::::::::::::::* Христианство ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-el|Χριστιανισμός}}, {{Wp/dlg/Lang-la|Christianismus}}; Χριστός («Помазанник», «Мессия» гириэк тылтан тагыспыт) — аан дойдутаагы итэгэл, кини үөрэгэ Иисус Христос уонна апостоллар проповедьтарыттан таксар. :::::::::::::::::::::* Библия ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-el|βιβλία}} — «кинигэ») — иудаизм уонна христианство туһунан Ытык Сурук тиэкиһин комултата. :::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 09:19, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы заполнить шаблон [[Wp/dlg/Иисус Христос|здесь]]? ::::::::::::::::::::::Не могли бы вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::::::* Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский (30 октября [11 ноября] 1821, Москва — 28 января [9 февраля] 1881, Санкт-Петербург) — русский писатель, мыслитель, философ и публицист. ::::::::::::::::::::::* «Бра́тья Карама́зовы» — последний роман Ф. М. Достоевского. Роман был напечатан частями в журнале «Русский вестник». Достоевский задумывал работу как первую часть эпического романа «Житие великого грешника». Произведение было окончено в ноябре 1880 года. Писатель умер через два месяца после публикации. ::::::::::::::::::::::* Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин (26 мая [6 июня] 1799, Москва — 29 января [10 февраля] 1837, Санкт-Петербург) — русский поэт, драматург и прозаик, заложивший основы русского реалистического направления, литературный критик и теоретик литературы, историк, публицист, журналист, редактор и издатель. ::::::::::::::::::::::* «Евге́ний Оне́гин» (дореф. «Евгеній Онѣгинъ») — роман в стихах русского поэта Александра Сергеевича Пушкина, начат 9 мая 1823 года и закончен 5 октября 1831 года, одно из самых значительных произведений русской словесности. ::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:28, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::::::* Федор Михайлович Достоевский (1821 буус тоӈор ыйын 30 [күн түһэр ыйын 11], Москва — 1881 күн таксар ыйын 28 [үөлэс ыйын 9], Санкт-Петербург) — ньуучча һуруйааччыта, философа уонна публициста. :::::::::::::::::::::::* «Ини-биилэр Карамазовтар» — Федор Михайлович Достоевский бүтэһик романа. Роман муӈ инникитэ «Русский вестник» журналга бэчээттэммитэ. Достоевский бу романы «Житие великого грешника» романын муӈ инники чааһынан курдук оӈорбута. Роман, 1880 сылга, күн түһэр ыйыгар һуруллан бүппүтэ. Һуруйааччы һуруйбутун кэннэ, икки ый ааспытын кэннэ, өлбүтэ. :::::::::::::::::::::::* Александр Сергеевич Пушкин (1799 тугут төрүүр ыйын 26 [көмүөл ыйын 6], Москва — 1837 күн таксар ыйын 29 [үөлэс ыйын 10], Санкт-Петербург) — ньуучча реализм направлениятын олохтообут, ньуучча һуруйааччыта, драматурга уонна прозаига. Литературнай критик уонна литература теоретига, историк, публицист, журналист, эрэдээктэр уонна издатель. :::::::::::::::::::::::* «Евгений Онегин» — Александр Сергеевич Пушкин романа. Роман 1823 тугут төрүүр ыйын 9 — 1831 буус тоӈор ыйын 5, күннэргэ һуруллубута. :::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 09:46, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::::::::Можете ли вы заполнить [[Wp/dlg/Ини-биилэр Карамазовтар|этот]] и [[Wp/dlg/Евгений Онегин|этот]] шаблоны? ::::::::::::::::::::::::Можете ли вы перевести это? ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Писатель ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Писатели ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Русские писатели ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Русская литература ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Литература ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Михаи́л Афана́сьевич Булга́ков (3 [15] мая 1891, Киев, Российская империя[…] — 10 марта 1940[…], Москва, СССР) — русский писатель советского периода, врач, драматург, театральный режиссёр и актёр. ::::::::::::::::::::::::* Бори́с Леони́дович Пастерна́к (имя при рождении — Бори́с Исаа́кович Постерна́к; 29 января (10 февраля) 1890, Москва, Российская империя — 30 мая 1960, Переделкино, Кунцевский район, Московская область, СССР) — русский советский поэт, писатель и переводчик. Один из крупнейших русских поэтов XX века. ::::::::::::::::::::::::* «До́ктор Жива́го» — роман Бориса Пастернака. Роман создавался в течение десяти лет, с 1945 по 1955 год, и является вершиной творчества автора как прозаика. Роман сопровождён стихами главного героя — Юрия Андреевича Живаго. ::::::::::::::::::::::::* «Царство Божие внутри вас» — научно-популярная книга Льва Толстого. Это ключевой текст для толстовских сторонников ненасилия, ненасильственного сопротивления и христианского анархистского движения. ::::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 10:02, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Һуруйааччы :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Һуруйааччылар :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча һуруйааччылар :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Ньуучча литературата :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Михаил Афанасьевич Булгаков (1891 тугут төрүүр ыйын 3 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 15], Киев, Россия империята — 1940 һырай һылыйар ыйын 10, Москва, ССРС) — ньуучча-һэбиэскэй һуруйааччы, эмчит, драматург, театральнай режиссер уонна өктүөр. :::::::::::::::::::::::::* Борис Леонидович Пастернак (төрүүрүгэр — Борис Исаакович Пастернак;1890 күн таксар ыйын 29 [үөлэс ыйын 10], Москва, Россия империята — 1960 тугут төрүүр ыйын 30, Переделкино, Москва уобалаһа, ССРС) — ньуучча-һэбиэскэй һуруйааччы, тулмаасчыт. XX үйэ биир муӈ бөдөӈ ньуучча һуруйааччыта. :::::::::::::::::::::::::* «Живаго Доктор» — Борис Пастернак романа. Роман уон һылы быһа һуруллубута, 1945 — 1955. Роман һүрүн дьоруойа — Юрий Андреевич Живаго һуруйбут коһооннорунан һуруллубута. :::::::::::::::::::::::::* «Царство Божие внутри нас» — Лев Толстой һуруйбут наука кинигэтэ. :::::::::::::::::::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:16, 28 May 2025 (UTC) == Новые переводы == Можете ли вы заполнить [[Wp/dlg/Царство Божие внутри нас|этот]] и [[Wp/dlg/Живаго Доктор|этот]] шаблоны? * Мне пора идти, но я оставлю вам здесь ряд статей, которые вы сможете перевести, когда у вас будет время, вам не нужно делать все это сейчас. Большое спасибо за вашу помощь, и я постараюсь продолжать помогать вам развивать эту Википедию. ** Анто́н Па́влович Че́хов (рус. дореф. Антонъ Павловичъ Чеховъ; 17 (29) января 1860, Таганрог, Екатеринославская губерния, Российская империя — 2 (15) июля 1904, Баденвайлер, Германская империя[3][4]) — русский писатель, прозаик, драматург, публицист[5], врач, общественный деятель в сфере благотворительности[6][7][8]. ** «Дя́дя Ва́ня» — пьеса русского писателя и драматурга Антона Павловича Чехова с подзаголовком «Сцены из деревенской жизни в четырёх действиях». Окончательно завершена в 1896 году. ** А́нна Андре́евна Ахма́това (при рождении Го́ренко, по первому мужу Го́ренко-Гумилёва[11], после развода взяла псевдоним-фамилию Ахма́това[12], по второму мужу Ахма́това-Шиле́йко[13], после развода Ахма́това[14]; 11 [23] июня 1889[15][16], Одесса, Херсонская губерния — 5 марта 1966, Домодедово, Московская область) — русская и советская поэтесса[~ 1][18][19][20]. Член Союза писателей СССР (1939). Была номинирована на Нобелевскую премию по литературе (1965[21] и 1966[22]). ** «Реквием» — элегия Анны Ахматовой о страданиях людей во время Большого террора. ** Царь — один из титулов славянских монархов. ** Ива́н IV Васи́льевич, Ива́н Гро́зный[a], в постриге — Иона (25 августа 1530, село Коломенское[8] под Москвой — 18 (28) марта 1584, Москва) — государь, великий князь Московский и всея Руси с 1533 года, первый венчанный царь всея Руси (с 1547 года; кроме 1575—1576, когда «великим князем всея Руси» номинально был Симеон Бекбулатович). ** Государь, Царь и Великий Князь всея Руси ** Государь, Царь и Великий Князь всея Руси — официальный титул монарха Русского царства. ** Пётр I Алексе́евич (Пётр Вели́кий; 30 мая [9 июня] 1672, Москва — 28 января [8 февраля] 1725, Санкт-Петербург) — царь всея Руси с 1682 года, первый император Всероссийский с 1721 года. ** Никола́й II Алекса́ндрович (6 [18] мая 1868, Царское Село — 17 июля 1918, Екатеринбург) — последний император Всероссийский, царь Польский и великий князь Финляндский (20 октября [1 ноября] 1894 — 2 марта 1917) из династии Гольштейн-Готторп-Романовых. ** Русская православная церковь (РПЦ), официально известная также как Московский патриархат, является автокефальной восточно-православной христианской церковью. Имеет 194 епархии на территории России. Предстоятель РПЦ — патриарх Московский и всея Руси. ** Февра́льская револю́ция 1917 года в Росси́и — массовые антиправительственные выступления петроградских рабочих и солдат петроградского гарнизона, приведшие к свержению российской монархии и созданию Временного правительства, сосредоточившего в своих руках всю законодательную и исполнительную власть в России. Революционные события охватили период конца февраля — начала марта 1917 года (по юлианскому календарю, действовавшему в то время в России). ** Октябрьская революция — вооружённое восстание в Петрограде в октябре (ноябре по новому стилю) 1917 года, в результате которого было свергнуто Временное правительство и установлена ​​Советская власть. В историографии рассматривается либо как самостоятельное историческое событие, либо как продолжение Февральской революции. ** Революция 1917 года в России (Февральская революция и Великая Октябрьская Социалистическая революция 1917 года, Великая российская революция, Великая русская революция[1]) — условное название революционных событий, произошедших в России в 1917 году, начиная со свержения монархии во время Февральской революции, когда власть перешла к Временному правительству, которое, в свою очередь, было свергнуто в результате Октябрьской революции большевиков и их временных союзников, провозгласивших власть советов (советскую власть). ** Патриа́рх Ни́кон (мирское имя Ники́та Ми́нин (Минов)[2]; 7 [17] мая 1605[3], село Вельдеманово — 17 [27] августа 1681, Тропинская слобода, Ярославль) — московский патриарх, с 25 июля (4 августа) 1652 года по 12 (22) декабря 1666 года. Имел титул «Великого Государя». Церковные реформы патриарха Никона, которые он начал в 1650-х годах, были направлены на изменение существовавшей тогда в Русской Церкви обрядовой традиции в целях её унификации с современной греческой. Они вызвали раскол Русской церкви, что привело к возникновению старообрядчества. В 1666 году он был извержен из патриаршества и стал простым монахом[4], хотя его реформы были продолжены. ** Раско́л Ру́сской це́ркви — церковный раскол в Русской православной церкви, начавшийся в 1650-х годах в Москве. Связан с реформой патриарха Никона, направленной на внесение изменений в богослужебные книги московской печати и некоторые обряды в целях их унификации с современными греческими[1][2][3]. ** Старообря́дчество[1][2] (до указа о веротерпимости 1905 года — раско́л, раско́льничество[3]); Древлеправосла́вие (по́зднее самоназвание ряда течений[4]) — совокупность религиозных течений и организаций в русле русской православной традиции, отвергающих предпринятую в 1653—1660-х годах московским патриархом Никоном и царём Алексеем Михайловичем церковную реформу, целью которой провозглашалась унификация богослужебного чина Русской церкви[5] с Греческой церковью и, прежде всего, с Константинопольской церковью («книжная справа»). ** Ланселот Томас Хогбен (англ. Lancelot Thomas Hogben; 9 декабря 1895[1], Портсмут, Гэмпшир — 22 августа 1975[1], Рексем) — английский учёный, биолог, создатель искусственного языка Интерглосса. ** Интергло́сса (Interglossa) — международный вспомогательный язык, разработанный в 1943 году Ланселотом Хогбеном. Является предшественником языка глоса. --[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 10:48, 28 May 2025 (UTC) :Удачи, огромное спасибо за развитие Википедии на долганском языке! Барга мактал! [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:53, 28 May 2025 (UTC) ::Привет, если хочешь, можешь переводить эти предложения по частям, а не все сразу. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 04:56, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :::Я уже сделал про Чехова, видели? [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 05:08, 30 May 2025 (UTC) ::::А, ну ладно, значит, вы сами создаете статьи. Отлично. Не могли бы вы сначала сделать последние две? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 05:10, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :::::Я сделал две последние статьи. Вы знаете, когда заявку на мету отправлять? [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:00, 30 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::Если вы говорите об одобрении вики, чтобы получить свое собственное пространство, вам нужно, чтобы по крайней мере три человека работали почти ежедневно в течение как минимум трех месяцев над вики и переводили самые важные сообщения. Я проверил, и у вас даже нет запроса на вики, вы хотите, чтобы я его создал? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:05, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :::::::Можно, заранее спасибо [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:05, 30 May 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Я создал его [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Dolgan здесь]. ::::::::Пожалуйста, оставьте комментарий, показывающий вашу поддержку и указывающий, что вы носитель языка, желающий создать эту энциклопедию (лучше, если вы напишете ее на английском языке). ::::::::Я также предлагаю вам попытаться найти другого человека, который сможет сотрудничать в создании статей, поскольку нам нужно, чтобы над проектом работали как минимум три человека. ::::::::Как вы [https://codelookup.toolforge.org/dlg видите], язык не включен в TranslateWiki, поэтому сначала нам нужно включить его, а затем вам нужно будет перевести сообщения, которые там появляются. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:17, 30 May 2025 (UTC) :* «Таай Баанньа» — ньуучча һуруйааччыта уонна драматурга, Антон Павлович Чехов, һуруйбут пьесата. 1896 һылга һуруллан бүппүтэ. :* Ахматова Анна Андреевна (төрүүрүгэр Анна Андреевна Горенко, маӈнайгы эрин аатынан Горенко-Гумилева, бүппүттэрин кэннэ псевдонимы ылбыта — Ахматова; 1889 көмүөл ыйын 11 [көмүөл ыйын 23], Одесса, Россия империята — 1966 һырай һылыйар ыйын 5, Домодедово, ССРС) — ньуучча уонна һэбиэскэй һуруйааччы. ССРС һуруйааччылар һойууһун чилиэнэ (1939). Нобелевскай премияга номинант (Литература, 1965 уонна 1966). :* «Реквием» — Анна Андреевна Ахматова, Улакан террор туһунан, һуруйбут элегия. :* Царь — славян монархтарын титула. :* Иван IV Васильевич, Уордаак Иван (1530 ыргакта ыйын 25, Коломенское, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — 1584 һырай һылыйар ыйын 18 [һырай һылыйар ыйын 28], Москва, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата) — государь, Москва уонна Русь улуу кинээһэ, 1547 һылтан — Русь барытын царя. :* Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ :* Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ — Ньуучча һаарыстыба монаргын титула. :* Петр I Алексеевич (Улуу Петр; 1672 тугут төрүүр ыйын 30 [көмүөл ыйын 9], Москва, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — 1584 күн таксар ыйын 28 [үөлэс ыйын 28], Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — 1682 һылтан Русь царя, 1721 һылтан бары Россиятаагы ырактаагы. :Пока первая пачка перевода, скоро переведу остальное [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 01:20, 31 May 2025 (UTC) ::Спасибо за перевод, я создал статьи. Также, когда у вас будет время, не могли бы вы перевести [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jon_Gua этот шаблон]? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 04:27, 31 May 2025 (UTC) :::{{Wp/dlg/Capsa seriei :::| latitudo_capsae = 230px :::| заголовок = [[Россия историята]] :::| imago = Памятник тысячелетию России 2013 06.JPG :::| grex1 = 879–1240: Киевскай Русь :::| index1 = :::* Новгород һирэ 882–1136 :::* Полоцк кинээһилигэ 987–1397 :::* Чернигов кинээһилигэ 988–1402 :::* Владимир улуу кинээһилигэ 1093–1157 :::| grex2 = 1240–1480: Феодальнай Русь :::| index2 = :::* Новгород Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ 1136–1478 :::* Владимир Улуу кинэһһилигэ 1157–1331 :::* [[Wp/dlg/Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ|Улуу Москва кинээһилигэ]] 1263–1547 :::| grex3 = 1480–1917: Царь Россията :::| index3 = :::* [[Wp/dlg/Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата|Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата]] 1547–1721 :::* [[Wp/dlg/Россия империята|Россия империята]] 1721–1917 :::| grex4 = 1917–1923: 1917 һыллаагы революция :::| index4 = :::* Россия өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ 1917–1918 :::* [[Россия Һэбиэскэй Федератиибиниэй Һоциалистическэй Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ|РСФСР]] 1917–1922 :::* [[Россия һудаарыстыбата (1918—1920)]] 1918–1920 :::| grex5 = 1923–1991: [[ССРС историята|ССРС]] :::| index5 = :::* [[Һэбиэскэй Һоциалистическэй Өрөспүүбүлүкэлэр Һойуустара|ССРС]] 1922–1991 :::|grex6 = since 1991: Аныгы Россия :::|index6 = :::* [[Wp/dlg/Россия|Россия]] 1991–бүгүӈӈээӈӈи диэри :::| vide_etiam = :::}} [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 05:37, 31 May 2025 (UTC) ::::Спасибо. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:04, 31 May 2025 (UTC) :::::Вот есть же этот шаблон, а где его использовать? Только в статьях о государствах или там в царях тоже? [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 08:07, 2 June 2025 (UTC) * Я разместил здесь статью, которая все еще нуждается в переводе. ** Никола́й II Алекса́ндрович (6 [18] мая 1868, Царское Село — 17 июля 1918, Екатеринбург) — последний император Всероссийский, царь Польский и великий князь Финляндский (20 октября [1 ноября] 1894 — 2 марта 1917) из династии Гольштейн-Готторп-Романовых. ** Русская православная церковь (РПЦ), официально известная также как Московский патриархат, является автокефальной восточно-православной христианской церковью. Имеет 194 епархии на территории России. Предстоятель РПЦ — патриарх Московский и всея Руси. ** Февра́льская револю́ция 1917 года в Росси́и — массовые антиправительственные выступления петроградских рабочих и солдат петроградского гарнизона, приведшие к свержению российской монархии и созданию Временного правительства, сосредоточившего в своих руках всю законодательную и исполнительную власть в России. Революционные события охватили период конца февраля — начала марта 1917 года (по юлианскому календарю, действовавшему в то время в России). ** Октябрьская революция — вооружённое восстание в Петрограде в октябре (ноябре по новому стилю) 1917 года, в результате которого было свергнуто Временное правительство и установлена ​​Советская власть. В историографии рассматривается либо как самостоятельное историческое событие, либо как продолжение Февральской революции. ** Революция 1917 года в России (Февральская революция и Великая Октябрьская Социалистическая революция 1917 года, Великая российская революция, Великая русская революция[1]) — условное название революционных событий, произошедших в России в 1917 году, начиная со свержения монархии во время Февральской революции, когда власть перешла к Временному правительству, которое, в свою очередь, было свергнуто в результате Октябрьской революции большевиков и их временных союзников, провозгласивших власть советов (советскую власть). ** Патриа́рх Ни́кон (мирское имя Ники́та Ми́нин (Минов)[2]; 7 [17] мая 1605[3], село Вельдеманово — 17 [27] августа 1681, Тропинская слобода, Ярославль) — московский патриарх, с 25 июля (4 августа) 1652 года по 12 (22) декабря 1666 года. Имел титул «Великого Государя». Церковные реформы патриарха Никона, которые он начал в 1650-х годах, были направлены на изменение существовавшей тогда в Русской Церкви обрядовой традиции в целях её унификации с современной греческой. Они вызвали раскол Русской церкви, что привело к возникновению старообрядчества. В 1666 году он был извержен из патриаршества и стал простым монахом[4], хотя его реформы были продолжены. ** Раско́л Ру́сской це́ркви — церковный раскол в Русской православной церкви, начавшийся в 1650-х годах в Москве. Связан с реформой патриарха Никона, направленной на внесение изменений в богослужебные книги московской печати и некоторые обряды в целях их унификации с современными греческими[1][2][3]. ** Старообря́дчество[1][2] (до указа о веротерпимости 1905 года — раско́л, раско́льничество[3]); Древлеправосла́вие (по́зднее самоназвание ряда течений[4]) — совокупность религиозных течений и организаций в русле русской православной традиции, отвергающих предпринятую в 1653—1660-х годах московским патриархом Никоном и царём Алексеем Михайловичем церковную реформу, целью которой провозглашалась унификация богослужебного чина Русской церкви[5] с Греческой церковью и, прежде всего, с Константинопольской церковью («книжная справа»). ** Окцидента́ль, или Интерли́нгве (Occidental, Interlingue) ([interˈliŋɡwe], [oktsidenˈtaːl]; ISO 639 ie, ile) — международный искусственный язык. Предложен в 1920-х годах Эдгаром де Валем (Эстония). В 1949 году переименован в интерлингве для устранения негативных ассоциаций, которые могло бы вызывать название «западный», а также ради планировавшегося сближения с интерлингвой-ИАЛА. ** Эдга́р де (фон) Валь (нем. Edgar de Wahl, Edgar von Wahl; 11 августа 1867 — 9 марта 1948) — создатель международного искусственного языка окциденталь (интерлингве). ** Литература на интерлингве существует с момента создания языка Эдгаром де Валем в 1922 году. Хотя в основном она состоит из оригинальных рассказов и переводов, опубликованных в центральном журнале этого языка, Cosmoglotta, также существуют полнометражные романы и поэтические антологии, в частности написанные такими авторами, как Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш и Ярослав Подобский[1]. ** Интерли́нгва (Interlingua) — международный вспомогательный язык, разработанный в 1936—1951 годах Международной ассоциацией вспомогательного языка (IALA) под руководством Александра Гоуда. Интерлингва IALA — это результат работы большого коллектива европейских и американских учёных-лингвистов. Словарный состав языка интерлингва включает в себя слова, имеющие латинские корни, а также международную лексику, взятую из итальянского, испанского, португальского, французского, английского, немецкого и русского языков. ** Ли́нгва фра́нка но́ва (сокр. ЛФН — транскрипция «элэфэн»; Lingua Franca Nova, сокр. LFN — транскрипция elefen, «новый лингва франка») — международный искусственный язык, созданный американским психологом нидерландского происхождения Джорджем Буре (George Boeree)[1] на основе лексики романских языков: французского, итальянского, испанского, португальского и каталанского языков. Грамматика языка базируется на принципах пиджинов и креольских языков. Первым оригинальным романом, опубликованным на Лингва франка нова, был La xerca per Pahoa («поиски Пахоа»), написанный Висенте Косталаго;[18] Публикация началась в 2020 году (интернет) и 2021 году (книга). --[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 19:45, 31 May 2025 (UTC) *:* '''Николай II Александрович '''(1868 тугут төрүүр ыйын 6 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 18], Царское Село, Россия империята — 1918 кумаар түһэр ыйын 17, Екатеринбург, РСФСР) — Гольштейн-Готторпскай кэргэтиттэн һылдьар, Россия бүтүгэс ырактаагыта, Польша царя уонна Финляндия улуу кинээһэ. *:* '''Ньуучча православнай церковя''' (РПЦ), өссүө '''Москватаагы патриархат''' — 194 епархиялаак, Россияга гынар, автофекальной аллара-православнай христианскай церковь. РПЦ һалайааччыта — бүтүн Русь уонна Москва патриарха. *:* '''1917 һыллаагы, үөлэс ыйдаагы Россия өрөбөлүүссүйэтэ''' — Россия монархиятын ууратаппыт, массовай Петроградтаагы үлэһиттэр уонна һаллааттар дьаһалта утары выступлениялара. Ол выступленияттан һалтаан, Россия монархията һуок буолбута уонна быстаак кэмнээк дьаһалта баар буолбута. Өрөбөлүссүйүөннэй түгэннэр үөлэс ыйын бүтүүтүгэр һырай һылыйар ыйын дылы буолбута. *:* '''Өктөөп өрөбөлүүссүйэтэ''' — Петрогракка 1917 һылга буолбут, һааламмыт восстание. Ол өрөбөлүссүйэттэн һалтаан һэбиэскэй былаас туруммута. Историяграфияга самостоятельнай да, үөлэс ыйдаагы өрөбөлүүссүйэ чааһын курдук көрүнэр. *:[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 05:11, 2 June 2025 (UTC) *::'''Никон патриарх''' (кирдик аата — '''Никита Минин''' (Минов); 1605 тугут төрүүр ыйын 7 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 17], Вальдеманово, Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата — 1681 ыргакта ыйын 17 [ыргакта ыйын 27], Тропинскай слобода, Ярославль) — кумаар түһэр ыйын 25, 1652, караӈа кыһын ыйын 12 диэри, 1666, москватаагы патриарх. «Улуу Государь» тиитулун һүгэр этэ. 1650-с һылларга, гини церковнай реформалары һагаалыбыта, ол реформалар Ньуучча церковын быдан гириэк диэки курдук оӈороору һагаламмыттара. Ол реформалар церковь утары камсааһыны сагалаабыта уонна онуттан һалтаан раскольниктар баар буолбуттара. 1666 һылга реформалара атыттар салгаабыттарын эрээри, гинини патриархтан уурайбыттара уонна гини монах эрэ буолбута. *::'''Ньуучча церковын кайдыыта''' — 1650-с һылларга сагалааммыт, Ньуучча православнай церковыгар, церковнай кайдыыы. Никон патриарх реформаларын кытта һибээстээк. Ол реформалар богослужебнай кинигэлэргэ, бэчээккэ уонна һиэргэ-туомӈа уларытыылары киллэрбитэ. *::'''Оксиденталь''', өссүө '''Интерлингве''' (Occidental, Interlingue; [interˈliŋɡwe], [oktsidenˈtaːl]) — аан дойдуга туттуллар оӈоһуу тыл. 1920-с һылларга, Эдгар де Валь көрдөбүлүнэн баар буолбута. «Оксиденталь», 1949 һылга, «Интерлингве» диэн аакка уларыйбыта. *::'''Эдгар де''' (фон) '''Валь''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-de|Edgar de Wahl, Edgar von Wahl}}; 1867 ыргакта ыйын 11 — 1948 һырай һылыйар ыйын 9) — «Оксиденталь» (Интерлингве) оӈоһуу тылын тэрийээччитэ. *::1922-с һылтан, Интерлингве тылыгар литература баар. Литература үксүн, Cosmoglotta диэн журналга таһаарыллыбыт, оригальнай кэпсээннэртэн уонна тулмаастарыттан эрэ турар. Өссүө бу тылынан романнар уонна антологиялар һуруллубуттара, ол айымньылары үксүн Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш уонна Ярослав Подобскай һуруйбуттара. *::'''Интерлингуа тыл'''(Interlingua) — Омуктар икки ардынаагы көмөһөлөр тыллар ассоциацияларынан (IALA), 1936—1951 һылларга, оӈоһуллубут, аан дойду оӈоһуу-көмөһөлөр тыла. IALA Интерлингуата — элбэк аксааннаак Эуропа уонна Америка лингибиис-учуонайдар үлэтин түмүгэ. Интерлингуа үксүн латыын тылтан ылыллыбыт тыллартан турар, уонна өссүө, италия тылтан, испаан тылтан, португаал тылтан, боронсуус тылтан, ааӈыл тылтан, ньиэмэс тылтан уонна ньуучча тылтан ылыллыбыт, аан дойдутаагы лиэксикэттэн турар. *::'''Лингуа франка нова''' (кылг. ЛФН; Lingua Franca Nova, кылг. LFN) — Америка психологынан, Дьордь Буре тэрийбит, аан дойду оӈоһуу тыла. Тыл лиэксикэтэ роман тыллар лиэксикэтинэн тутуллубут. Тыл грамматиката пиджин уонна креол тыллар принциптарынан тутуллар. Маӈнайгы, Лингуа франка нова тылынан һуруллубут, роман — La xerca per Pahoa, Висенте Косталаго һуруллуутунан, 2020-с һылга баар буолбута. [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 01:39, 3 June 2025 (UTC) ==Просьба о помощи - Долган== Здравствуйте Sauit, Очень приятно с Вами познакомиться. Обращаюсь к Вам с просьбой -- переведите, пожалуйста, эту статью на уникальный замечательный Долганский язык. Вот текст статьи: "Иисус дьиҥнээх таҥаратын дьиэтэ" — (кимтэн да тутулуга суох) таҥара үөрэҕэ. Кытайга Пекин куоракка 1917 сыллаахха төрүттэммитэ. Протестаннар таҥараларын үөрэҕин биир салаатынан буолар. Билигин аан дойду үрдүнэн 1,5 мөлүйүөнтэн тахса итэҕэйээчилээх. Билигин баар итэҕэл сүүрээннэриттэн саамай түргэнник улаатар сүүрээн. Сүрүн салалтата билигин АХШ-тарыгар, Лос-Анжелес куоракка баар. Москватааҕы отделенията 1995 сыллаахха аһыллыбыта. 10 сүрүн принциптара: #Сибэтиэй Дух #Кириһиэнньэ #Атах сууйуута #Сибэтиэй причастие #Субуота күн #Иисус Христос #Биибилийэ #Быыһаныы #Таҥара Дьиэтэ #Бутэһиктээх быһаарыы Заранее выражаю огромную благодарность. --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 04:30, 2 June 2025 (UTC) :«Кирдик Иисус таӈара дьиэтэ» — кимтэн да тутулуга һуок христианство, протестантизм үөрэгэ. Пекин гуоракка 1917 һылга баар буолбута. Аны аан дойдуга 1,5 мөл. үгүс итэгэйээччилээк. Аны баар итэгэллэртэн, муӈ түргэн улаатар итэгэл. Һүрүн һалалтата ИАШ-ка, Лос-Андьелес гуоракка турар. Москватаагы отделение 1995 һылга тэриллибитэ. :10 һүрүн бириинсибэ: :# Ытык айыы :# Кириһиэнньэ :# Атак һууйуута :# Ытык причастие :# Субботатаагы күн :# Иисус :# Библия :# Абырааланы :# Таӈара дьиэтэ :# Бүтүгэс өйдөтүү :[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 04:51, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ::Just to let you know, I have now created the article [[Wp/dlg/Кирдик Иисус таӈара дьиэтэ|here]]. --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 11:22, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ==Thank you== [[File:Wiklesia.jpg|right|thumb|150px|link=https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Sauit#Thank_you]] :::<big>'''Thank you very much'''</big> for your wonderful translation! :::It is very much appreciated. :::May Dolgan Wikipedia prosper!" :::---[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 10:36, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ::::Can you please help translate this short verse into the Dolgan language?: «Таҥара бу аан дойдуну ол курдук таптаан, Бэйэтин Төрөппүт Соҕотох Уолун, Кинини итэҕэйэр ханнык баҕарар киһи өлбөтүн, бараммат олохтонорун туһугар, биэрбитэ». ::::FYI, if you need any help with other templates, I can help you. --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 10:50, 2 June 2025 (UTC) :::::«Таӈара бу аан дойдуну таптаан, бэйэтэ төрөппүт һоготок уолун, киниэкэ итэгэйэр эӈин-эӈин дьон өлбөтүн уонна бараммат олоктонорун туһугар, биэрдэ» [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:59, 2 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::Thank you very very much for your help! --[[User:DaveZ123|DaveZ123]] ([[User talk:DaveZ123|talk]]) 11:13, 2 June 2025 (UTC) == Новые переводы == Не могли бы вы это перевести? * Екатери́на II Алексе́евна, Екатери́на Вели́кая, урождённая Софи́я Авгу́ста Фредери́ка А́нгальт-Це́рбстская (нем. Sophie Auguste Friederike von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg; 21 апреля [2 мая] 1729, Штеттин, Пруссия — 6 ноября 1796, Зимний дворец, Санкт-Петербург, Российская империя) — Императрица и Самодержица Всероссийская (1762—1796). Племянница шведского короля Адольфа Фридриха, двоюродная племянница прусского короля Фридриха Великого. * Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев (27 января [8 февраля] 1834, Тобольск — 20 января [2 февраля] 1907, Санкт-Петербург) — русский учёный-энциклопедист: химик, физикохимик, физик, метролог, экономист, технолог, геолог, метеоролог, нефтяник, педагог, воздухоплаватель, приборостроитель. * Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский (25 апреля [7 мая] 1840, Воткинский завод, Вятская губерния — 25 октября [6 ноября] 1893, Санкт-Петербург) — русский композитор, педагог, дирижёр и музыкальный критик. * И́горь Фёдорович Страви́нский (5 [17] июня 1882, Ораниенбаум, Санкт-Петербургская губерния — 6 апреля 1971, Нью-Йорк) — русский композитор. Гражданин Франции (1934) и США (1945). Один из крупнейших представителей мировой музыкальной культуры XX века. Музыку Стравинского отличает стилистическое многообразие: в первом периоде творчества (наиболее репертуарные его сочинения) она несёт яркий отпечаток русской культурной традиции. Стилистика позднейших сочинений выдаёт, среди прочего, влияние неоклассицизма и додекафонии Новой венской школы. * Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик (Сове́тский Сою́з, Сою́з ССР, аббрев. СССР) — государство в Евразии, существовавшее с 30 декабря 1922 года по 26 декабря 1991 года. * Влади́мир Ильи́ч Ле́нин (фамилия при рождении — Улья́нов; также известен под двойной фамилией Улья́нов-Ле́нин; 10 (22) апреля 1870, Симбирск, Российская империя — 21 января 1924, Большие Горки, Сухановская волость, Подольский уезд, Московская губерния, РСФСР, СССР) — российский революционер, юрист, крупный теоретик марксизма, советский политический и государственный деятель, создатель Российской социал-демократической рабочей партии (большевиков), один из организаторов и руководителей Октябрьской революции 1917 года в России, первый председатель Совета народных комиссаров РСФСР и Совета народных комиссаров СССР, создатель первого в мировой истории социалистического государства. * Ио́сиф Виссарио́нович Ста́лин (фамилия при рождении — Джугашви́ли груз. იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი; 6 [18] декабря 1878, Гори, Тифлисская губерния, Российская империя — 5 марта 1953, Ближняя дача, село Волынское, Кунцевский район, Московская область, РСФСР, СССР) — российский революционер, советский политический, государственный, военный и партийный деятель. Фактический руководитель СССР. * Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Баку́нин (18 [30] мая 1814, село Прямухино, Новоторжский уезд, Тверская губерния, Российская империя — 19 июня [1 июля] 1876, Берн, Швейцария) — русский мыслитель и революционер из рода Бакуниных, один из теоретиков анархизма, народничества. Стоит у истоков социального анархизма. * Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв (2 марта 1931, Привольное, Медвеженский район, Северо-Кавказский край, РСФСР, СССР — 30 августа 2022, Москва, Россия) — советский и российский государственный, политический, партийный и общественный деятель. Последний Генеральный секретарь ЦК КПСС (1985—1991). Последний Председатель Президиума Верховного Совета СССР (1988—1989), затем первый председатель Верховного Совета СССР (1989—1990). Единственный в истории президент СССР (1990—1991). * Альфонс Матейка (9 января 1902 г. – 27 октября 1999 г.) был швейцарским специалистом по экспорту и сторонником международного вспомогательного языка. Родился в Санкт-Галлене в семье чеха и швейцарки, работал в текстильной и часовой промышленности и большую часть жизни прожил в Ла-Шо-де-Фоне. Матейка наиболее известен своей работой в международном языковом движении; сначала поддерживая Идо, а затем Окциденталь, он возглавлял многочисленные организации в этой области и написал несколько книг, обучающих этим языкам. Матейка также помог основать Центр документации и изучения международного языка. * Литература на Окциденталь существует с момента создания языка Эдгаром де Валем в 1922 году. Хотя в основном она состоит из оригинальных рассказов и переводов, опубликованных в центральном журнале этого языка, Cosmoglotta, также существуют полнометражные романы и поэтические антологии, в частности написанные такими авторами, как Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш и Ярослав Подобский. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:51, 3 June 2025 (UTC) :* '''Екатерина II Алексеевна''', өссүө '''Улуу Екатерина''' (төрүүрүгэр — София Августа Фредерика Ангальт-Цербстская; 1729 таба эмийдир ыйын 21 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 2], Штеттин, Пруссия — 1796 күн түһэр ыйын 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — Ырактаагы уонна Россия бүтүн Самодержеһа. Швед коруолун, Адольф Фридрих, балыһа. Пруссия коруолун, Улуу Фридрих, һиэн балыһа. :* '''Дмитрий Иванович Менделеев''' (1834 күн таксар ыйын 27 [үөлэс ыйын 8], Тобольск, Россия империята — 1907 күн таксар ыйын 20 [үөлэс ыйын 2], Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — ньуучча учуонай-энциклопедист: хиимик, физикохимик, фиизик, метролог, экэньэмиис, технолог, геолог, метеоролог, нефтяник, учытал, воздухоплаватель, приборостроитель. :* '''Пётр Ильич Чайковский''' (1840 таба эмийдир ыйын 25 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 7], Воткинский завод, Россия империята — 1893 буус тоӈор ыйын 25 [күн түһэр ыйын 6], Санкт-Петербург, Россия империята) — ньуучча композитэрэ, учытал, дирижёр уонна мусукаалынай сыанабылдьыт. :* '''Игорь Фёдорович Стравинский''' (1882 көмүөл ыйын 5 [көмүөл ыйын 17], Ораниенбаум, Россия империята — 1971 таба эмийдир ыйын 6, Нью-Йорк, ИАШ) — ньуучча композитэрэ. Франция (1934) уонна ИАШ (1945) олоктоого. Аан дойду биир муӈ улакан XX үйэ музыка композитэрэ. Стравинскай музыката элбэк истиил өттүнэн уратылаак: гини творчество маӈнайгы периодыгар, гини творчествота ньуучча культурнай үгэстэрэ быдан һырдык һабыдыаллыыр. Кэнники өйтөн һуруйуулар истилиистикэтэ, Һаӈа Вена школа, неоклассицизм уонна додекафония һабыдыалын көрдөрөр. :* '''Һэбиэскэй Һоциалистическэй Өрөспүүбүлүкэлэр Һойуустара''' ('''Һэбиэскэй Һойуус''', кылг. '''ССРС''') — 1922 һылтан 1991 һылга диэри, Эуразияга баар буолбут һудаарыстыба. :пока первая пачка [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 11:18, 3 June 2025 (UTC) :* '''Владимир Ильич Ленин''' (төрүүрүгэр — '''Владимир Ильич Ульянов''', өссүө Ульянов-Ленин араспаанньата биллэр; 1870 таба эмийдир ыйын 10 [таба эмийдир ыйын 22], Симбирск, Россия империята — 1924 күн таксар ыйын 21, Большие Горки, РСФСР, ССРС) — ньуучча революционера, юриһа, марксизм биир бөдөӈ теоретига, һэбиэскэй полилитическэй уонна һудаарыстыбынай һаарын, Россия социал-демократическэй үлэһиттэр партияларын (большевиктар) тэрийэччитэ, 1917 һыллаагы Өктөөп өрөбөлүүссүйэтин тэрийэччитэ, РСФСР народнай коммисар сүбэлэрин маӈнайгы һалайааччыта, аан дойду маӈнайгы социалистическэй һудаарыстыбаны тэрийэччитэ. :* '''Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин''' (төрүүрүгэр — '''Иосиф Виссарионович Джугашвили''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-ka|იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი}}); 1878 караӈа кыһын ыйын 6 [караӈа кыһын ыйын 18], Гори, Россия империята — 1953 һырай һылыйар ыйын 5, Волынское, РСФСР, ССРС) — Россия революционера, һэбиэскэй политическэй, государственнай, военнай уонна партийнай һаарын. Фактическай ССРС һалайааччыта (1924—1953). :* '''Михаил Александрович Бакунин''' (1814 тугут төрүүр ыйын 18 [тугут төрүүр ыйын 30], Прямухино, Россия империята — 1876 көмүөл ыйын 19 [кумаар түһэр ыйын 1], Берн, Швейцария) — Бакуниннар кэргэттэн һылдьар, ньуучча мыслителя уонна революционера, анархизм теоретика. Социальнай анархизм биир маӈнайгы тэрийээччитэ. :* '''Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв''' (1931 һырай һылыйар ыйын 2, Привольное, РСФСР, ССРС — 2022 ыргакта ыйын, Москва, Россия) — һэбиэскэй уонна ньуучча һудаарыстыбынай, политическэй уонна общественнай һаарын. Бүтэһик ЦК ССКП генеральнай секретаря (1985—1991). Маӈнайгы уонна бүтэһик ССРС бэрэсидьиэнэ (1990—1991). :* '''Альфонс Матейка''' (1902 күн таксар ыйын 9 — 1999 буус тоӈор ыйын 27) — швейцарияттан һылдьыбыт экспорт специалиһа, аан дойду көмөлөһөр тыллар кайгааччыта. Идо уонна Окциденталь оӈоһуу тыллар өйөөбүтэ, өссүө аан дойду тыллар докумантациятын уонна үөрэтиитин центрын тэрийбитэ. :* 1922-с һылтан, Окциденталь тылыгар литература баар. Литература үксүн, Cosmoglotta диэн журналга таһаарыллыбыт, оригальнай кэпсээннэртэн уонна тулмаастарыттан эрэ турар. Өссүө бу тылынан романнар уонна антологиялар һуруллубуттара, ол айымньылары үксүн Висенте Косталаго, Ян Амос Кайш уонна Ярослав Подобскай һуруйбуттара. :[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 06:03, 4 June 2025 (UTC) ::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы это перевести? ::По словам испанского окциденталиста Висенте Косталаго, историю литературы на этом языке можно в целом разделить на четыре раздела: ::Первый период (1921—1927): ранняя литература от создания языка до переезда центрального управления языка в Вену. ::Венская эпоха (1927—1949): литература с момента переезда в Вену до смены названия языка с Окциденталь на Интерлингве. ::Период застоя (1950—1999): от смены названия Интерлингве до создания первой группы Yahoo!. ::Возрождение языка через использование интернета (1999-): Литература из первой группы Yahoo!. ::* Cosmoglotta — центральный журнал движения Окциденталь. Эдгар фон Валь основал его в 1922 году под названием Kosmoglott. С 1927 года (номер 38) журнал носит название Cosmoglotta. Это официальный журнал Interlingue-Union. ::* Висенте Косталаго — филолог, писатель, поэт, переводчик, исследователь и автор, работающий с различными искусственными языками. Он родился в Испании и изучал современные языки в Автономном университете Мадрида, а также перевод и интерпретацию в Манчестерском университете. Он писал и публиковал тексты на разных искусственных языках, в особенности на Интерлингве и Лингва франка нова ::* Ки́евская Русь, или Древнеру́сское госуда́рство, или Дре́вняя Русь — средневековое государство в Северо-Восточной Европе, первое восточнославянское государство; сформировалось в IX веке в результате объединения ряда общностей, преимущественно восточнославянских и финно-угорских племён, под властью князей династии Рюриковичей. ::* Русские княжества (XII—XVI веков) — государственные образования исторической Руси, располагавшиеся (полностью или частично) на территории современных Беларуси, России, Украины, Польши, Молдавии, Румынии, Латвии, Эстонии. ::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:47, 4 June 2025 (UTC) :::Предупреждаю что я не забил на проект, я в отъезде и вернусь в понедельник [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 09:37, 6 June 2025 (UTC) ::::Спасибо, что сообщили. Наслаждайтесь выходными. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 09:48, 6 June 2025 (UTC) :::* '''Cosmoglotta''' — Окциденталь тылын киин һурунаала. 1922 һылга Эдгар фон Вальынан Kosmoglott аатынан тэриллибитэ. 1927 һылтан (№38), һурунаал Cosmoglotta аатын һүгэр. Interlingue-Union тэрилтэ һүрүн һурунаала. :::* '''Висенте Косталаго''' — филолог, һуруйааччы, тулмаасчыт, учуонай уонна араас оӈоһуу тыллары кытта үлэлиир ааптар. Гини Испанияга төрөөбүтэ уонна Мадрид Автономнай университетыгар аныгы тыллары үөрэппитэ, өссүө Манчестер университетыгар интерпритацияны уонна тулмааһы үөрэппитэ. Гини тиэкистэри араас оӈоһуу тылларга һуруйбута, үксүн Интерлингве уонна Лингва франка нова тылларыгар һуруйар уонна бигэргэтэр этэ. :::* '''Киевскай Русь''', эбэтэр '''Былыргы ньуучча һудаарыстыбата''', эбэтэр '''Былыргы Русь''' — Муора-Аллара Эуропа орто үйэ һудаарыстыбата, маӈнайгы аллара славянскай һудаарыстыба. Рюриковичтэр былааһын аннытыгар, IX үйэгэ, араас славянскай уонна финно-угорскай общностар колбоһууларын түмүгүнэн, баар буолбута. :::* '''Ньуучча кинээһиликтэрэ''' (XII—XVI үйэлэргэ) — историческэй Русь һиригэр һудаарыстыбынай тэрийиилэр. Толору эбэтэр үксүн аныгы Беларусь, Россия, Украина, Польша, Молдова, Румыния, Латвия уонна Эстония һирдэригэр баар этилэр. :::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:46, 10 June 2025 (UTC) ::::Простите за задержку [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 10:46, 10 June 2025 (UTC) :::::Беззаботный. :::::Не могли бы вы это перевести? :::::Его первой опубликованной книгой была La xerca per Pahoa, написанная на Лингва франка нова. Эта новелла рассказывает о путешествии, которое совершает Joan, чтобы найти меч Pahoa, меч с магическими силами, который может использовать только истинный наследник королевства Линкуо. Это была первая оригинальная история, опубликованная на Лингва франка нова. Другие книги, опубликованные на этом языке, включают A, B и C. Другие книги, изданные на этом языке, включают Pensas rimada, Rancur и трилогию La Club de la Marcia. :::::Затем следующая книга была опубликована на Оксиденталь. В этом случае это был также оригинальный текст Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas. Другие книги, опубликованные на этом языке, включают Li tresor de Fluvglant, Subuqti, Li Crímines de Cnocorran и Reminiscenties. :::::В апреле 2025 года он опубликовал Euris estremeñus i sotras poemas, свою первую работу на языке Эстремадуры. Разделенная на три части, первая содержит несколько стихотворений о разных героях Эстремадуры (Эрнан Кортес, Франсиско Писарро и Инес Суарес, среди прочих); вторая часть содержит религиозные стихотворения; а третья — различные стихотворения без общей темы. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:04, 10 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::Гини маӈнайгы бигэргэтиллибит кинигэтэ — La xerca per Pahoa, Лингва франка нова тылын һуруллубут. Бу новелла Joan, Pahoa болот булаары, барыытын туһунан кэпсиир. Pahoa — магическэй күүстээк болот, ол болоту дьиӈнээк Линкуо коруоллугун салгааччыта туттуогун һөп. Бу маӈнайгы оригинальнай Лингва франка нова тылынан бигэргиллибит өһө. Атын бу тылынан бигэргэтиллибит кинигэлэр: Pensas rimadad, Rancur уонна La Club de la Marcia трилогията. ::::::Онтон нөӈүө, гини Оксиденталь тылынан бэчээттии сагалаабыта. Ол кинигэ — эмиэ оригинальнай тиэкис — «Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas». Атын бу тылынан бигэргэтиллибит кинигэлэр, Li tresor de Fluvglant, Subuqti, Li Crímines de Cnocorran уонна Reminiscenties киллэрэллэр. ::::::2025 һылын, таба эмийдиир ыйыгар, гини Euris estremeñus i sotras poemas кинигэни бигэргэппитэ, Эстремадура тылынан һуруллубут маӈнайгы үлэтин һуруйбута. Ол кинигэ үс чааска быһыллыбыта, маӈнайгы ис коһоонугар хас даганы, араас Эстремадура дьоруойдарын туһунан, коһооннор; иккис ис коһоонугар эӈин-эӈин итэгэл туһунан коһооннор; онтон үһүс — эӈин-эӈин тиэмэлэрэ һуок коһооннор. [[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 11:51, 10 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::Спасибо. Не могли бы вы это перевести? :::::::* Сокра́т (др.-греч. Σωκράτης; около 469 года до н. э., Афины — 399 год до н. э., Афины) — древнегреческий философ. Его учение разделило древнегреческую философию на «досократический» и «сократовский» периоды. В отличие от предшественников, которых интересовали вопросы сотворения космоса и всего сущего, Сократ стал изучать внутренний мир человека. С Сократом и его учением связаны разнообразные парадоксы. Один из них состоит в том, что нашим современникам ничего достоверно не известно о деталях учения Сократа. В то же время не вызывает сомнения «разворот» направления развития философии, который связан с именем Сократа. :::::::* Аристо́тель (др.-греч. Ἀριστοτέλης, 384—322 годы до нашей эры) — греческий философ и эрудит классического периода в Древней Греции, яркий пример «универсального человека». :::::::* Плато́н (др.-греч. Πλάτων; 428/427 или 424/423 — 348/347 до н. э.) — афинский философ классического периода Древней Греции, основатель платонической школы мысли и Академии, первого высшего учебного заведения в западном мире. :::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 17:11, 13 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::* '''Сократ''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Σωκράτης}}; 469 б. э. и., Афиннар — 399 б. э. и., Афиннар) — былыргы гириэк философа. Гини үөрэгэ былыргы гириэк философиятын «сократ иннитэ» уонна «сократ кэннитэ» периодтарга араарыллыбыта. Гини иннинээги философтар үксүн космос уонна туок барыта үөскээбитин үөрэтэр этилэр, онтон Сократ киһи иһинээги дойдутун үөрэппитэ. Сократы кытта элбэк парадокстар һибээстээктэр. ::::::::* '''Аристотель''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Ἀριστοτέλης}}; 384 б. э. и. — 322 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, «универсальнай киһи» колобура. ::::::::* '''Платон''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Πλάτων}}; 428/427 б. э. и. эбэтэр 424/423 б. э. и. — 348/347 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, платоническэй һанаа ускуолатын уонна академиятын, һаапат маӈнайгы үрдүк таһымнаак ускуола тэрийээччитэ. ::::::::[[User:Sauit|Sauit]] ([[User talk:Sauit|talk]]) 03:26, 14 June 2025 (UTC) 2xxt0vqa9g1crfu1ap2m7rifat2l1ag 0 3581214 6686098 6591011 2025-06-14T07:51:11Z InternetArchiveBot 2557629 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 6686098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q21061932}} '''Helen Yawson''' (née '''Obadagbonyi''', dɔgebo daare la 3 July 1967) e la contemporary gospel singer, songwriter<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230531135238/https://nigeriaworld.com/feature/publication/oyedoyin/092002p.html</ref> ane pastor aŋ be Ghana. == O Meehe Nyɔvoohoŋ == Helen Yawson dɔgebo Jie la London aŋ da e 1967. O yuohe anuu saŋa, o da gaa la Lagos, Nigeria, kyɛ leɛ gaa London o yuohe 19. O yielhe bammo yi la o biiluŋ aŋ e powerful ane natural confidence a jie naŋ. O naŋ da gaa London a 1986, o da paahe la a Matthew Ashimolowo's Christian ministry be ka I da leɛ sɔge a 'get serious with God'. A 1988, Helen da paahe la a Kingsway Foursquare Church Band; ane a 1989, o paahe la Church Choir aŋ da e lead Singer. Yuohe 7 meehe aŋ waana, a o powerful ane infectious style da vɛŋɛɛ a kpaaho taa praise ane worship style performances kyaahe Nigeria ane Canada o naŋ da gaa, a meŋ te paahe a UK.<ref>http://bkc.name/helen-yawson/</ref> == Discography == === Albums === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:left;" |- ! rowspan="1" style="width:14em;"| Title ! rowspan="1" style="width:18em;"| Album details |- ! scope="row"| ''Blessed and Highly Favoured'' | * Release year: 1997 |- ! scope="row"| ''Forever Grateful'' | * Release year: 2011 |- ! scope="row"| ''Anyday'' | * Release year: 2006 |- ! scope="row"| ''My God and I'' | * Release year: 2012 |- ! scope="row"| ''JUST HYMNS'' | * Release year: 2014 |- |} === Major Singles === * ''Only God'' * ''Anyday'' == Accomplishments == * In 1988 she joined the Kingsway Four-Square Band and Singers * Became a member of [[Wp/wlx/Kingsway International Christian Centre|Kingsway International Christian Centre]] (KICC) Choir. * Performed in Nigeria and Canada with Pastor [[Wp/wlx/Matthew Ashimolowo|Matthew Ashimolowo]] as part of the Praise and Worship team. * Led vocally on the KICC Choir Albums – 1992 "Set me Free", 1993 "You're My Everything" and 1995 "Joy". Helen wrote songs for two of the three albums – "God is Always There" – Set Me Free and "I Will Never Leave You" – You're My Everything. * 1997 Helen became the Music Co-ordinator at KICC's Tottenham, North London, satellite church. * Between 1997 and 1998 she embarked on the writing and recording of her debut solo album. In January 1999 she released ' Blessed and Highly Favoured'. * Appointed as the Choir Director for the KICC Mass Choir in January 2000<ref>{{Wp/wlx/Cite web|title = University Gospel Choir of the Year Ghana officially launched|url = http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/University-Gospel-Choir-of-the-Year-Ghana-officially-launched-388102|website = GhanaWeb|access-date = 1 February 2016|date=16 October 2015}} * In 2001, she released her second album 'Forever Grateful' * Helen was the supporting Artiste for [[Wp/wlx/Mary Mary|Mary Mary]] at the [[Wp/wlx/Diamond Jubilee Concert|Queen's Jubilee Concert]], KICC London (2002)<ref>http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/University-Gospel-Choir-of-the-Year-Ghana-officially-launched-388102</ref> * In 2002, she became the music director of KICC Ghana * Helen has shared the stage with other recognised gospel artists, such as Alvin Slaughter, Jessy Dixon, Ron Kenoly, Andrea Crouch and Daniel Winans. * She has performed at various conferences, concerts and festivals in Ghana and the UK, including the Cross Rhythms Roots and Branches Festival 'One Voice' held at [[Wp/wlx/Dudley Castle|Dudley Castle]] (UK), The International Gathering of Champions Conference (UK), the annual 24hr Praise and Worship Concert (Ghana), Receive the Worship Concert (Benin) and many more.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20250221235804/https://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/articles/music/Helen_Yawson_Blessed_And_Highly_Favoured/41161/p1/</ref> * In 2012, she also embarked on her first concert Helen Yawson Live in Concert, which resulted in a live DVD recording * In 2014, she released an album of Hymns, JUST HYMNS * In 2015, she released her first book on, ''More Than A Song'' == External links == * [http://www.allmusic.com/artist/helen-yawson-mn0003308612/discography Allmusic.com] {{Wp/wlx/Authority control}} == Taregyiihi == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] iz0sa6frhoukymztyidtotcov97leht 0 3581756 6685339 6592422 2025-06-13T15:32:17Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D 6685339 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NiziU at the Gimpo International Airport on October 14, 2022.jpg|thumb|NiziU]] '''NiziU''' nyu yeh sa nagarpatao Japanese-Malaysian-South Korean girl group kung hu palibik pak hagait kung semarei ni urang éw lac gah binah JYP Entertainment. Mâng kajaik semnuannyu salahut mbiah tel thun 2020, hadlau mâng dipâng-puak dan pluak mâk oléh 9 members : Mako, Rio, Maya, Riku, Ayaka, Mayuka, Rima, Miihi, Nina. [[Category:Wp/cjm]] agjlvj9lz17i051darumt9vlysjpsrd 0 3586576 6685374 6662663 2025-06-13T16:14:25Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q41559149}} '''Mallam Adamu Adamu''' CON[1] (nji yanyi 25 tufo 1954) ndgya Nigerian accountant, journalist ba jo ihsiyasa baji daga [[Wp/mrt/Minister ni Education|minister ni Education]] hearo 2015 ando 2023. ==Early life and education== Adamu nji yanyi 25 tufo 1954, or Azare.[6] a irja [[Wp/mrt/Bachelor's degree|bachelor's degree]] or accounting hearo [[Wp/mrt/Ahmadu Bello University|Ahmadu Bello University]] ni Zaria. Ayi kudau baji ih master's degree or journalism hearo Columbia University's School of Journalism.[7][8] najan polyglot ba jo ndrau ingyaHausa, English, Persian, Arabic ba French.[7] hearo Bauchi state of Nigeria ngaja. == Career == == Minister of Education == == Award == == See also== == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q41559149}} hpnj3sgmq6dtpuivkvwjgk14ufj3p6b 0 3586578 6685238 6662657 2025-06-13T13:19:09Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685238 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4665851}} '''Abdulkadir Ahmed''' (31 kumo 1940 – 1997) ndgy akra jo ih suku ba kuma gomnati a darja aga governor ni [[Wp/mrt/Central Bank of Nigeria|Central Bank of Nigeria]] hearo 1982 ando 1993.[1] ==Background== Ahmed nji yanyi 31 October 1940 or [[Wp/mrt/Jama'are|Jama'are]], [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi State|Bauchi State]]. A irja Barewa College, Zaria or fa 1955. Baji joined New Nigerian Development Company or hya tan, 1960. Ahmed a jigar ja or [[Wp/mrt/University of Ife|University of Ife]] or1961. A graduated ja hearo South West London College or fa 1972. Ahmed a darja aga Commissioner ni Finance an Bauchi state (hya makur 1976 - kwa 1977) == Governor of the central bank == == Later career == == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4665851}} hagpksa06ggema1q45hg0xflb8kabek 0 3586666 6685609 6683971 2025-06-13T22:41:52Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q8050511}} '''Mahmud Yayale Ahmed''', CFR (nji yanyi 15 fudo 1952) ndgya kra a irja thur gomnati ba kuma jo ihsiyasa asa darja aga [[Wp/mrt/Defence Minister of Nigeria|Defence Minister of Nigeria]]. ==Early life and education== Ahmed a yanyir nji or mulmau [[Wp/mrt/Shira|Shira]] or southern [[Wp/mrt/Azare|Azare]], [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi State|Bauchi State]], an Ahmadu, an [[Wp/mrt/Islamic scholar|Islamic scholar]] bandri zuwwa.[1] a irja Shira Primary School, [[Wp/mrt/Government Secondary School Azare|Government Secondary School Azare]], ba kuma [[Wp/mrt/Ahmadu Bello University|Ahmadu Bello University]] (ABU) ni [[Wp/mrt/Zaria|Zaria]], [[Wp/mrt/Kaduna State|Kaduna State]], ivira ji uya [[Wp/mrt/Bachelor's degree|bachelor's degree]] or [[Wp/mrt/Political Science|Political Science]] or fa 1976 ba [[Wp/mrt/Master's degree|master's degree]] or Public Administration or fa 1981. a complete ja [[Wp/mrt/National Youth Service Corps|National Youth Service Corps]] (NYSC) service nyi or fa 1977. A thurja Doctorate Degree ni or Law kra nji awarded hearara [[Wp/mrt/University ni Abuja|University ni Abuja]] ba kuma a thurja Doctorate Degree Letters hearara [[Wp/mrt/Bayero University|Bayero University]]. == Civil service and politics == ==Awards and honours== == personal life == == Titles == ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q8050511}} b12aq4glgu8s8c6lymrcj565sfsd2jw 0 3586799 6685625 6683951 2025-06-13T22:54:10Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q7687894}} Alhaji '''Abubakar Tatari Ali''' (c. 1929 – 28 tufo 1993)<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JioOAQAAMAAJ<nowiki/>.Afrimedia International. 1993. 1993. ISSN 0043-2962. Retrieved 2015-07-19.</ref> a zabar yir nji aga Governor ni [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi State|Bauchi State]], [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]] or fa 1979, ji sai office har military coup or 31 kupou sudan 1983 kra shili ingya General [[Wp/mrt/Muhammadu Buhari|Muhammadu Buhari]] a shilar vinni.[<ref>http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm<nowiki/>.''World Statesmen''. Retrieved 2010-04-26.</ref><ref>https://dailytrust.com/remembering-tatari-ali/<nowiki/>.''World Statesmen''. Retrieved 2010-04-26</ref>Or fa 1971, Ali najan head of the Ministry of Information. A biyarja abe [[Wp/mrt/Washington, D.C.|Washington, D.C.]], or fa nipichir shiri ni festival ni black arts ba gargajiya, krannji sa iyau or Lagos or fa 1974. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q7687894}} shweem7m5gu0vp501vq7w8kyfe0gse2 0 3591237 6685372 6638999 2025-06-13T16:11:51Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q335684}} '''Abubakar Tafawa Balewa''' KBE PC (kupou sudan 1912 – 15 hya tan 1966) ndgya Nigerian politician ndgya kraji ih thurau ba ji daga aga ndau tangurma [[Wp/mrt/Prime minister|prime minister]] ni Nigeria upon independence.[3] A conservative [[Wp/mrt/Anglophile|Anglophile]], he favoured maintaining close ties with the British. Pichira ji ir fa kushu or office ni [[Wp/mrt/Prime minister|prime minister]], Nigeria was a constitutional monarchy ingya Elizabeth II pichiraja Queen niNigeria, har Nigeria daga republic or fa 1963.[4] najangyapu defender ni Northern special interests ba an advocate ni Nigerian reform ba century. == Early years, 1912–1947== == Political rise, 1947–1957== == Prime Minister of Nigeria == {{Wp/mrt/See also|Cabinet of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa}}[[File:President John F. Kennedy with Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Prime Minister of Nigeria (06).jpg|thumb|left|Balewa at the White House with [[Wp/mrt/John F. Kennedy|President Kennedy]], 1961]] Balewa retained the post as [[Wp/mrt/Prime Minister of Nigeria|Prime Minister of Nigeria]] when Nigeria gained independence in 1960 and was reelected in 1964.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web|last=Umar|first=Fahad Muhammad|title=Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa|url=https://www.academia.edu/30824509|language=en}}</ref> He announced independence in a motion to Parliament on 18 January 1959: {{Wp/mrt/Blockquote|text=That this House authorizes the Government of the Federation of Nigeria to request [[Wp/mrt/Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom|Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom]] as soon as practicable to introduce a legislation in the Parliament of the United Kingdom providing for the establishment of the Federation of Nigeria on October 1, 1960 as an Independent Sovereign State, and to request Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom at the appropriate time to support with the other Member Governments of the Commonwealth, Nigeria's desire to become a member of the Commonwealth. This is a great day for Nigeria. It marks the beginning of the last stage of our march toward independence and all of us who are here today should be thankful to Almighty God who has given us the opportunity to witness the events of this most memorable time.|source=<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web | url=https://www.historians.org/teaching-and-learning/teaching-resources-for-historians/teaching-and-learning-in-the-digital-age/through-the-lens-of-history-biafra-nigeria-the-west-and-the-world/the-first-nigerian-republic-formation-and-operation/a-northern-nigerian-call-for-independence | title=A Northern Nigerian Call for Independence &#124; AHA }}</ref>|author=Abubakar Tafawa Balewa|title=''Mr. Prime Minister: A Selection of Speeches Made by Alhaii the Right Honourable Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa''}} === Domestic policy === ==== The Republic ==== Nigeria adopted [[Wp/mrt/Constitution of Nigeria|a new constitution]] in 1963 which abolished the [[Wp/mrt/Monarchy of Nigeria (1960–1963)|monarchy]] and the office of governor-general, with Nigeria becoming a [[Wp/mrt/Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations|parliamentary republic within the Commonwealth]] with the [[Wp/mrt/Nnamdi Azikiwe|Nnamdi Azikiwe]] as [[Wp/mrt/President of Nigeria|President of Nigeria]] and head of state.<ref name="onwuekwe">{{Wp/mrt/Cite book |author=Chika B. Onwuekwe |title=The Foundations of Nigeria: Essays in Honor of Toyin Falola |date=2003 |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=1-59221-120-8 |editor=Adebayo Oyebade |pages=172–173 |chapter=Constitutional Development, 1914–1960: British Legacy or Local Exigency?}}</ref> ==== Regional policy ==== Prior to Nigeria's independence, a constitutional conference<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |title=open_access_etds |url=https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3529&context=open_access_etds |website=pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu}}</ref> in 1954 had adopted a regional political framework for the country, with all regions given a considerable amount of [[Wp/mrt/Political freedom|political freedom]]. The three regions then were composed of diverse [[Wp/mrt/Cultural|cultural]] groups.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web|title=NIGERIA (CONSTITUTIONAL CONFERENCE) (Hansard, 10 February 1954)|url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1954/feb/10/nigeria-constitutional-conference|access-date=26 May 2021|website=api.parliament.uk}}</ref> The [[Wp/mrt/Premier|premier]]s and some prominent leaders of the regions later took on a policy of guiding their regions against political encroachment from other regional leaders. Later on, this political environment influenced the Balewa administration. His term in office was turbulent, with regional [[Wp/mrt/Political faction|factionalism]] constantly threatening his government.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |last=sunnews |date=16 August 2017 |title=Accord Concondiale: The continuous search for Nigeria's elusive unity (10) |url=https://sunnewsonline.com/accord-concondiale-the-continuous-search-for-nigerias-elusive-unity-10/ |access-date=21 September 2023 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> However, a [[Wp/mrt/Treason|treason]] charge and conviction against one of the western region's leaders, [[Wp/mrt/Obafemi Awolowo|Obafemi Awolowo]], led to protest and condemnation from many of his supporters.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |title=Sharpeville massacre {{!}} Summary, Significance, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Sharpeville-massacre |access-date=26 May 2021 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> The 1965 election in the region later produced violent protests. Rioting and violence were soon synchronous with what was perceived as inordinate political encroachment and an over-exuberant election outcome for Awolowo's western opponents.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |title=Between S.L. Akintola and Obafemi Awolowo, By Femi Fani-Kayode |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/150646-s-l-akintola-obafemi-awolowo-femi-fani-kayode.html?tztc=1 |access-date=21 September 2023 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> === Foreign policy === As Prime Minister of [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]], Balewa, from 1960 to 1961, doubled as Foreign Affairs advocate of Nigeria. In 1961, the Balewa government created an official Foreign Affairs and Commonwealth Relations ministerial position in favour of [[Wp/mrt/Jaja Wachuku|Jaja Wachuku]] who became, from 1961 to 1965, the first substantive Nigerian [[Wp/mrt/Minister (government)|Minister]] of Foreign Affairs and [[Wp/mrt/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] Relations, later called External Affairs.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |title=MFA Nigeria |url=http://www.nigeria-consulate-frankfurt.de/English/MFA-Nigeria/mfa-nigeria.html |access-date=26 May 2021 |website=www.nigeria-consulate-frankfurt.de}}</ref> A week after taking office, he arrived in the United States on his first foreign visit to address the United Nations.<ref name=":4">{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |last=Admin |first=Web |date=11 January 2013 |title=Maiden General Assembly Statement at the United Nations |url=http://nigeriaunmission.org/maiden-speech-at-the-un/ |access-date=17 December 2023 |website=Permanent Mission of Nigeria to the United Nations, New York |language=en-US}}</ref> ==== Africa ==== However, as Prime Minister of [[Wp/mrt/Nigeria|Nigeria]], Balewa played important roles in the continent's formative [[Wp/mrt/Decolonisation of Africa|indigenous rule]]. He was an important leader in the formation of the [[Wp/mrt/Organisation of African Unity|Organisation of African Unity]] and creating a cooperative relationship with [[Wp/mrt/French language|French]] speaking [[Wp/mrt/African countries|African countries]]. He was also instrumental in negotiations between [[Wp/mrt/Moise Tshombe|Moise Tshombe]] and the [[Wp/mrt/Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congolese]] authorities during the [[Wp/mrt/Congo Crisis|Congo Crisis]] of 1960–1964.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web|title=Abubakar Tafawa Balewa|url=https://www.isnhof.org/|url-status=live|access-date=26 May 2021|website=Hall of Fame|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524142024/http://isnhof.org/ |archive-date=24 May 2017 }}</ref> He led a vocal protest against the [[Wp/mrt/Sharpeville Massacre|Sharpeville Massacre]] of 1960 and also entered into an alliance with [[Wp/mrt/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] ministers who wanted [[Wp/mrt/South Africa|South Africa]] to leave the Commonwealth in 1961. ==== United States ==== [[File:USNS Kingsport SYNCOM Call Kennedy-Balewa July 1963.png|thumb|Prime Minister Balewa (2nd from right) talks to President Kennedy on the first live broadcast via the SYNCOM satellite from Lagos.]] He visited the US in 1961 for eight days, four of which he spent in Washington at [[Wp/mrt/Blair House|Blair House]]. During his visit, he became the first Nigerian leader to address a [[Wp/mrt/Joint session of the United States Congress|Joint session of the United States Congress]] and visited the [[Wp/mrt/Islamic Center of Washington|Islamic Center of Washington]].<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |last=Kperogi |first=Farooq A. |title=Tafawa Balewa's Electrifying 1961 American Visit |url=https://www.farooqkperogi.com/2012/04/tafawa-balewas-electrifying-1961.html |access-date=3 August 2023 |website=Notes From Atlanta}}</ref> He had an enormous amount of respect for President [[Wp/mrt/John F. Kennedy|John F. Kennedy]], describing him, and his age in particular as "matured as that of any older statesman."<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/sites/default/files/archives/JFKOH/Balewa%2C%20Alhaji%20Sir%20Abubaker%20Tafawa/JFKOH-AB-01/JFKOH-AB-01-TR.pdf|title=Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Oral History Interview – 5/7/1964}}</ref> He took part in the launch of the [[Wp/mrt/Syncom#Syncom 2|Syncom 2]] NASA program, allowing him to phone for President Kennedy from the [[Wp/mrt/USNS Kingsport|USNS Kingsport]] docked at Lagos Harbor via the SYNCOM satellite on 23 August 1963.<ref name="lat">{{Wp/mrt/Cite news |last=Vartabedian |first=Ralph |date=26 July 2013 |title=How a satellite called Syncom changed the world |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-syncom-satellite-20130726-dto-htmlstory.html |access-date=25 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |date=19 June 2016 |title=World's First Geosynchronous Satellite Launched |url=https://www.historychannel.com.au/this-day-in-history/worlds-first-geosynchronous-satellite-launched/ |access-date=25 August 2019 |website=History Channel |publisher=Foxtel |archive-date=7 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207144926/https://www.historychannel.com.au/this-day-in-history/worlds-first-geosynchronous-satellite-launched/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |title=Conversation with the Prime Minister of Nigeria by means of the Syncom Communications Satellite, 23 August 1963 {{!}} JFK Library |url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/asset-viewer/archives/JFKWHA/1963/JFKWHA-211-003/JFKWHA-211-003 |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=www.jfklibrary.org}}</ref> It marked the first live two-way call between heads of government by satellite. ==== Commonwealth ==== Balewa, during his premiership, attached great importance to its Commonwealth membership, declaring in a UN speech, "we shall not forget our old friends."<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite web |title=Constitution and Government |url=https://www66.statcan.gc.ca/eng/1961/196101520134_p.%20134.pdf}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> ==== Eastern Bloc ==== Balewa had a pro-West orientation in his foreign policy, which represented for abhorrence to [[Wp/mrt/Soviet Union|USSR]] and other [[Wp/mrt/Eastern Bloc|Eastern Bloc]] states. As a result, the circulation of communist literature in Nigeria was banned and students were discouraged from taking Soviet educational scholarship. Balewa had personally assured the British government "we shall use every means in our power to prevent the infiltration of communism and communist ideas into Nigeria." At one point, the Soviets were implicated in a plot to overthrow Balewa's government.<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Cite journal |title= Russo/Nigerian Relations in the Context of Counterinsurgency Operation in Nigeria|year=2019 |doi=10.1177/0973598418803526 |last1=Omotuyi |first1=Sunday |journal=Jadavpur Journal of International Relations |volume=23 |pages=48–68 |s2cid=158967078 |doi-access=free }}</ref> === Overthrow and murder === Balewa was overthrown and murdered in a [[Wp/mrt/1966 Nigerian coup d'état|military coup on 15 January 1966]], as were many other leaders, including his old companion Sir [[Wp/mrt/Ahmadu Bello|Ahmadu Bello]]. The circumstances of his death still remain unresolved. His body was discovered at a roadside near [[Wp/mrt/Lagos|Lagos]] six days after he was ousted from office. Balewa was buried in [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi (city)|Bauchi]]. News of his assassination spurred violent riots throughout [[Wp/mrt/Northern Nigeria|Northern Nigeria]] and ultimately led to the bloody [[Wp/mrt/1966 Nigerian counter-coup|counter-coup of July 1966]].<ref name=":2">{{Wp/mrt/Cite book|title=Islam and colonialism : intellectual responses of Muslims of Northern Nigeria to British colonial rule|last=Sani.|first=Umar, Muhammad|date=2006|publisher=Brill|isbn=900413946X|location=Leiden|oclc=62554253}}</ref> [[File:Abubakar Tafawa Balewa's Grave 1.jpg|thumb|Grave of Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q335684}} 547c2ushnwg7yjtk893tf05ftkgogcn 0 3594616 6685999 6683172 2025-06-14T06:04:47Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685999 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/alat|alat]]; [[Wt/bew/pekakas|pekakas]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/perabot|perabot]] [[Wt/bew/ruma|ruma]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref |bat=Aba-aba|pbat=1 |vdw1=*اب ābạ|pvdw1=1 }} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Writingtradition-aba-aba.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/waro-waro|waro-waro]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/اب٢|اب٢]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} [[Wt/bew/waro-waro|waro-waro]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 5jn67bk5k2r9pl4eg3ftoikfj4gwkn7 10 3595668 6685876 6684968 2025-06-14T04:01:46Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685876 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="border:1px solid #AAA; 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background:#FFF;"><div style="margin:2px; padding:0.2em; background:#FAFAFA;"><noinclude></div></div></noinclude> ogqiapr705s4woor2tt3vmzt5y5dwqr 6685942 6685902 2025-06-14T05:35:14Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685942 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="border:1px solid #AAA; background:#FFF; overflow: auto;"><div style="margin:2px; padding:0.2em; background:#FAFAFA;"><noinclude></div></div></noinclude> r7s45joykp08pae3lniohws9lkoqcqv 0 3596064 6685292 6679772 2025-06-13T14:46:19Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685292 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sejeg-bujeg|sejeg-bujeg]]; deri jaman engkong-uyut =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Writingtradition-bebuyutan.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} bebuyutan [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] rfplpjj3ldygfswdp85nukubvr0ftzt 6685293 6685292 2025-06-13T14:46:41Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685293 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sejeg-bujeg|sejeg-bujeg]]; deri jaman engkong-uyut =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Writingtradition-bebuyutan.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bebuyutan}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 64vgs7hu05gv20egwdzskpaac0zhuht 0 3596124 6686006 6674478 2025-06-14T06:11:46Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686006 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} makanan nyang kebikin deri [[Wt/bew/bua|bua]] atawa [[Wt/bew/sayur|sayur]] nyang diasemin; [[Wt/bew/aseman|aseman]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Atjar|pbat=2}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Hzu Hzu-acar.wav}} #{{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|acar}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] bd128rhkc5v3cjt93ss6owf3sv525cj 0 3596125 6686007 6674482 2025-06-14T06:11:51Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686007 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} apa-apa [[Wt/bew/kegetepan|kegetepan]] nyang uda diatur deri mulain ampé abis # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/perhadring|perhadring]] [[Wt/bew/justisi|justisi]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Atjara|pbat=2}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Hzu Hzu-acara.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|acara}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/-head-|ms}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|acara}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 415wutw1xso6szqlsbr2jyh0iurze5i 0 3596172 6685915 6684943 2025-06-14T05:23:08Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan== 6685915 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=1}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|jv|anggur}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|bew|kaw|aṅgur|t=lagi kaga' [[Wt/bew/ngapa-ngapain|ngapa-ngapain]]; abis kelar}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} lagi kaga' [[Wt/bew/gawéan|gawéan]]; lagi kaga' [[Wt/bew/ngapa-apain|ngapa-apain]] ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|anggurin}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|dianggurin}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|nganggur}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|penganggur}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|pengangguran}} {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} ====Anakan==== * {{Wt/bew/anak|id|anggur|bor=1}} * {{Wt/bew/anak|ms|anggur|bor=1}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2}} ====Asal-usul==== Deri {{Wt/bew/der|bew|ms|anggur|t=taneman anggur}}, deri {{Wt/bew/der|bew|fa|انگور|tr=angūr|t=taneman anggur}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/taneman|taneman]] ngerambet, [[Wt/bew/buah|buah]]nya kecitan bangsanya [[Wt/bew/gundu|gundu]] [[Wt/bew/nyantol|nyantol]] [[Wt/bew/rèncèngan|rèncèngan]]; ''[[:species:Vitis vinifera|Vitis vinifera]]'' # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} tu taneman punya buah # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} tu taneman punya [[Wt/bew/peresan|peresan]] godogan; [[Wt/bew/aèr anggur|aèr anggur]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/mending|mending]] ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|angguran}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-NikolasKHF-anggur.wav}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|anggur}} (taneman, buah) # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/aèr anggur|aèr anggur]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|anggur}} (lagi kaga' [[Wt/bew/gawéan|gawéan]]) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/setèk|setèk]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|num=1}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|anggur}} (taneman, buah) # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} [[Wt/bew/aèr anggur|aèr anggur]] {{Wt/bew/head|ms|num=2}} # {{Wt/bew/-v-|ms}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|anggur}} (lagi kaga' [[Wt/bew/gawéan|gawéan]]) {{Wt/bew/head|ms|num=3}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|ms}} [[Wt/bew/setèk|setèk]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 2v65quds4zatras6mvv0f5ke9y6qpdo 0 3596201 6686009 6674682 2025-06-14T06:11:53Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686009 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/tatanan|tatanan]] [[Wt/bew/abet|abet]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Adab|pbat=3}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Hzu Hzu-adab.wav}} #{{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|adab}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] ruuulcucx1i8dx406sh019mnf83xls8 828 3596604 6685906 6684979 2025-06-14T05:10:18Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685906 Scribunto text/plain local langNameModule = require('Module:Wt/bew/lang') local p = {} -- Table of interwiki languages local interwikis = { ar = true, bn = true, ca = true, cs = true, de = true, el = true, en = true, eo = true, es = true, et = true, fa = true, fi = true, fr = true, gl = true, hi = true, hu = true, hy = true, id = true, ["io"] = true, is = true, it = true, ja = true, kn = true, ko = true, ku = true, li = true, lt = true, mg = true, ml = true, my = true, nl = true, no = true, ["or"] = true, pl = true, pt = true, ro = true, ru = true, sg = true, sh = true, skr = true, sr = true, sv = true, ta = true, te = true, th = true, tr = true, uz = true, vi = true, zh = true, bjn = true, btm = true, gor = true, jv = true, mad = true, ["min"] = true, ms = true, nia = true, su = true, -- These are mapped to "ms" mly = "ms", msa = "ms", zlm = "ms", zsm = "ms", msi = "ms" } -- Helper to build interwiki link local function interwikiLink(lang, title) local targetLang = interwikis[lang] if targetLang == nil then return lang elseif targetLang == true then return string.format("[[:%s:%s|%s]]", lang, title, lang) else return string.format("[[:%s:%s|%s]]", targetLang, title, lang) end end -- Function to link individual words only if multi-word; single word = no link local function linkWords(text) local words = mw.text.split(text, " ") if #words > 1 then local linkedWords = {} for _, word in ipairs(words) do table.insert(linkedWords, string.format("[[Wt/bew/%s|%s]]", word, word)) end return table.concat(linkedWords, " ") else return text end end -- Main function function p.box(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local lang = args[1] or "" local entry = args["entry"] local num = args["num"] local tr = args["tr"] local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local subpagename = title.subpageText local namespace = title.nsText local isMultiword = mw.ustring.find(subpagename, "%s") local content -- If entry is provided and contains manual links, preserve it if entry and mw.ustring.find(entry, "%[%[") then content = entry elseif entry then content = linkWords(entry) elseif subpagename then content = linkWords(subpagename) end local category = "" if isMultiword then category = string.format("[[Category:Wt/bew/%s:Setilah rèndèngan kata]]", lang) end local interwiki = interwikiLink(lang, subpagename) local langName = langNameModule.getLangName{ args = { lang } } -- Content box styling local html = {} table.insert(html,'<div style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #FFF; margin-top: 0.4em;">') table.insert(html,' <div style="background: #FFFDD0; margin:2px; padding: 0.2em 0.4em; font-family: Linux Libertine, Georgia, Times, serif;">') table.insert(html,' <h3>') table.insert(html,string.format('<span title="Jèmbrèngan%s bakal &quot;%s&quot; dalem %s">', num and (' ' .. num) or '', subpagename, langName )) table.insert(html,string.format('<sup style="font-weight:normal; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 80%%; color: #888888; margin-right: 0.5em;">&#91;%s&#93;</sup>', interwiki)) table.insert(html,string.format('<span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:140%%;">%s</span>', content)) if num then table.insert(html,string.format('<span style="font-weight:normal; color:#888888;margin-left: 0.5em;">(%s)</span>', num)) end if tr then table.insert(html,string.format('<span style="font-weight:normal;margin-left: 0.5em;">(%s)</span>', tr)) end table.insert(html,' </span>') table.insert(html,' </h3>') table.insert(html,' </div>') table.insert(html,'</div>') table.insert(html, category) return table.concat(html) end return p ob3pxhz1qf95dwxnnavopczs1t5udyr 6685907 6685906 2025-06-14T05:13:07Z Swarabakti 2526161 Undo revision [[Special:Diff/6685906|6685906]] by [[Special:Contributions/Swarabakti|Swarabakti]] ([[User talk:Swarabakti|talk]]) 6685907 Scribunto text/plain local langNameModule = require('Module:Wt/bew/lang') local p = {} -- Table of interwiki languages local interwikis = { ar = true, bn = true, ca = true, cs = true, de = true, el = true, en = true, eo = true, es = true, et = true, fa = true, fi = true, fr = true, gl = true, hi = true, hu = true, hy = true, id = true, ["io"] = true, is = true, it = true, ja = true, kn = true, ko = true, ku = true, li = true, lt = true, mg = true, ml = true, my = true, nl = true, no = true, ["or"] = true, pl = true, pt = true, ro = true, ru = true, sg = true, sh = true, skr = true, sr = true, sv = true, ta = true, te = true, th = true, tr = true, uz = true, vi = true, zh = true, bjn = true, btm = true, gor = true, jv = true, mad = true, ["min"] = true, ms = true, nia = true, su = true, -- These are mapped to "ms" mly = "ms", msa = "ms", zlm = "ms", zsm = "ms", msi = "ms" } -- Helper to build interwiki link local function interwikiLink(lang, title) local targetLang = interwikis[lang] if targetLang == nil then return lang elseif targetLang == true then return string.format("[[:%s:%s|%s]]", lang, title, lang) else return string.format("[[:%s:%s|%s]]", targetLang, title, lang) end end -- Function to link individual words only if multi-word; single word = no link local function linkWords(text) local words = mw.text.split(text, " ") if #words > 1 then local linkedWords = {} for _, word in ipairs(words) do table.insert(linkedWords, string.format("[[Wt/bew/%s|%s]]", word, word)) end return table.concat(linkedWords, " ") else return text end end -- Main function function p.box(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local lang = args[1] or "" local entry = args["entry"] local num = args["num"] local tr = args["tr"] local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local subpagename = title.subpageText local namespace = title.nsText local isMultiword = mw.ustring.find(subpagename, "%s") local content -- If entry is provided and contains manual links, preserve it if entry and mw.ustring.find(entry, "%[%[") then content = entry elseif entry then content = linkWords(entry) elseif subpagename then content = linkWords(subpagename) end local category = "" if isMultiword then category = string.format("[[Category:Wt/bew/%s:Setilah rèndèngan kata]]", lang) end local interwiki = interwikiLink(lang, subpagename) local langName = langNameModule.getLangName{ args = { lang } } -- Content box styling local html = {} table.insert(html,'<div style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #FFF; margin-top: 0.4em;">') table.insert(html,' <div style="background: #FFFDD0; margin:2px; padding: 0.2em 0.4em; font-family: Linux Libertine, Georgia, Times, serif;">') table.insert(html,' <h3>') table.insert(html,string.format('<span title="Jèmbrèngan%s bakal &quot;%s&quot; dalem %s">', num and (' ' .. num) or '', subpagename, langName )) table.insert(html,string.format('<sup style="font-weight:normal; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 80%%; color: #888888;">&#91;%s&#93;</sup>', interwiki)) table.insert(html,string.format('&#32;<span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:140%%;">%s</span>', content)) if num then table.insert(html,string.format('&#32;<span style="font-weight:normal; color:#888888;">(%s)</span>', num)) end if tr then table.insert(html,string.format('&#32;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(%s)</span>', tr)) end table.insert(html,' </span>') table.insert(html,' </h3>') table.insert(html,' </div>') table.insert(html,'</div>') table.insert(html, category) return table.concat(html) end return p b8d5j59k6igpqku65eplxhmlt76e9o8 6685941 6685907 2025-06-14T05:34:35Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685941 Scribunto text/plain local langNameModule = require('Module:Wt/bew/lang') local p = {} -- Table of interwiki languages local interwikis = { ar = true, bn = true, ca = true, cs = true, de = true, el = true, en = true, eo = true, es = true, et = true, fa = true, fi = true, fr = true, gl = true, hi = true, hu = true, hy = true, id = true, ["io"] = true, is = true, it = true, ja = true, kn = true, ko = true, ku = true, li = true, lt = true, mg = true, ml = true, my = true, nl = true, no = true, ["or"] = true, pl = true, pt = true, ro = true, ru = true, sg = true, sh = true, skr = true, sr = true, sv = true, ta = true, te = true, th = true, tr = true, uz = true, vi = true, zh = true, bjn = true, btm = true, gor = true, jv = true, mad = true, ["min"] = true, ms = true, nia = true, su = true, -- These are mapped to "ms" mly = "ms", msa = "ms", zlm = "ms", zsm = "ms", msi = "ms" } -- Helper to build interwiki link local function interwikiLink(lang, title) local targetLang = interwikis[lang] if targetLang == nil then return lang elseif targetLang == true then return string.format("[[:%s:%s|%s]]", lang, title, lang) else return string.format("[[:%s:%s|%s]]", targetLang, title, lang) end end -- Function to link individual words only if multi-word; single word = no link local function linkWords(text) local words = mw.text.split(text, " ") if #words > 1 then local linkedWords = {} for _, word in ipairs(words) do table.insert(linkedWords, string.format("[[Wt/bew/%s|%s]]", word, word)) end return table.concat(linkedWords, " ") else return text end end -- Main function function p.box(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local lang = args[1] or "" local entry = args["entry"] local num = args["num"] local tr = args["tr"] local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local subpagename = title.subpageText local namespace = title.nsText local isMultiword = mw.ustring.find(subpagename, "%s") local content -- If entry is provided and contains manual links, preserve it if entry and mw.ustring.find(entry, "%[%[") then content = entry elseif entry then content = linkWords(entry) elseif subpagename then content = linkWords(subpagename) end local category = "" if isMultiword then category = string.format("[[Category:Wt/bew/%s:Setilah rèndèngan kata]]", lang) end local interwiki = interwikiLink(lang, subpagename) local langName = langNameModule.getLangName{ args = { lang } } -- Content box styling local html = {} table.insert(html,'<div style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #FFF; margin-top: 0.4em; overflow: auto;">') table.insert(html,' <div style="background: #FFFDD0; margin:2px; padding: 0.2em 0.4em; font-family: Linux Libertine, Georgia, Times, serif;">') table.insert(html,' <h3>') table.insert(html,string.format('<span title="Jèmbrèngan%s bakal &quot;%s&quot; dalem %s">', num and (' ' .. num) or '', subpagename, langName )) table.insert(html,string.format('<sup style="font-weight:normal; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 80%%; color: #888888;">&#91;%s&#93;</sup>', interwiki)) table.insert(html,string.format('&#32;<span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:140%%;">%s</span>', content)) if num then table.insert(html,string.format('&#32;<span style="font-weight:normal; color:#888888;">(%s)</span>', num)) end if tr then table.insert(html,string.format('&#32;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(%s)</span>', tr)) end table.insert(html,' </span>') table.insert(html,' </h3>') table.insert(html,' </div>') table.insert(html,'</div>') table.insert(html, category) return table.concat(html) end return p 39i3851skma7suz8m42xzlinais3oz8 0 3596605 6685410 6684000 2025-06-13T16:41:16Z Hafsatulkhair 2603474 6685410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q61992005}} '''Ali Wakili''' (nji yanyi 1960) ndgya senator ni [[Wp/mrt/Federal Republic of Nigeria|Federal Republic of Nigeria]] hearo [[Wp/mrt/Bauchi State|Bauchi State]] ba retired controller ni customs. Customs area controller of Tincan Island port, Seme border, ba commandant nicustoms training school kano. najan represented south Bauchi or [[Wp/mrt/8th National Assembly|8th National Assembly]] ni kijakau ji dzugwatau or hya makur 17, 2018. Senator Wakili najan Chairman, Poverty Alleviation & Social Welfare Committee baVice Chairman ni Air Force Committee ni [[Wp/mrt/8th National Assembly|8th National Assembly]]. A irji [[Wp/mrt/By-election|by-election]] daga ji tau [[Wp/mrt/Lawal Yahaya Gumau|Lawal Yahaya Gumau]] niAll Progressive Congress won. The south Bauchi Senatorial District a headir local government areas guda mudfau. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q61992005}} m4tnhc5ab5515edwas3v2spkaafrskk 0 3597372 6686010 6674527 2025-06-14T06:11:55Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686010 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/utan|utan]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Alas|pbat=9}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240_(ind)-Kume_Gucci-Alas.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/ales|ales]]; [[Wt/bew/lapis|lapis]]; [[Wt/bew/geleding|geleding]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 8arj32ncg0p94c9wtrqxh0q7t2hp6hk 0 3598674 6686002 6674434 2025-06-14T06:05:54Z Swarabakti 2526161 6686002 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/kué|kué]] deri [[Wt/bew/ketan|ketan]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|vdw1=ابق aboek|pvdw1=4}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Pitchrigi-abuk.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} abu kaya' tepung # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} ngakuin orang laèn punya banda # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} rambut [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] hdidh974zdzqnz75kah0cah1rvfz44w 0 3598798 6686011 6674686 2025-06-14T06:11:59Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686011 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|bew|kaji}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/ajian|ajian]]; [[Wt/bew/doa|doa]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/bagènda|bagènda]]; [[Wt/bew/raja|raja]] ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|ajian}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|ngaji}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|ngajiin}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|pengajian}} {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Adjie|pbat=2}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-aji.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} [[Wt/bew/keramat|keramat]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/ajian|ajian]]; [[Wt/bew/doa|doa]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/bagènda|bagènda]]; [[Wt/bew/raja|raja]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 8g889yn7b705l8vdt30o1ew8vrrcvt5 0 3599060 6685259 6679485 2025-06-13T14:34:54Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685259 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Writingtradition-baik.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|id}} baè' =={{Wt/bew/lang|ms}}== {{Wt/bew/head|ms|tr=[[Wt/bew/باءيق|باءيق]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|ms}} baè' [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 742dch7ne5jxmmmq1n9y1w8deusmnv8 0 3599212 6686012 6674530 2025-06-14T06:12:02Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686012 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang [[Wt/bew/ngalangin|ngalangin]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Alangan|pbat=9}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-NikolasKHF-alangan.wav}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|alangan}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/mas'alah|mas'alah]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] pkj4zyw7cm5e83dpwqj48rtytzon7rq 0 3600769 6685916 6684944 2025-06-14T05:23:14Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685916 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|bew|/e/}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-inter-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|bakal ngunjukin rasa héran}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== * {{Wt/bew/-hurup-|bew}} ({{Wt/bew/non-gloss|hurup gedé}} '''{{Wt/bew/l|bew|É}}''') # {{Wt/bew/ragem|bew|e}} {{Wt/bew/q|hurup kelima dalem abésé basa Betawi}}, ''digero'' '''é''' ''atawa'' '''[[Wt/bew/é naèk|é naèk]]''' ''ama ditulis maké hurup Latèn'' * {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|nama bakal hurup}} '''[[Wt/bew/E|E]]'''/'''[[Wt/bew/e|e]]''' polosan # {{Wt/bew/non-gloss|nama bakal hurup}} '''[[Wt/bew/É|É]]'''/'''é''' {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|é naèk}} ====Catetan pemakéan==== Ni hurup dipaké bakal nengerin bunyi /e/ kaya' di kata {{Wt/bew/m|bew|paké}}. [[Category:Wt/bew]] 3ohnifn08kt6tfmd1n8lvo6gb5rsc8n 0 3602824 6685486 6681890 2025-06-13T18:19:08Z Avenger1993 2606586 6685486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q60764358}} Bono East Region nti Region buru ni nsɛn nkun wɔ. Bu tiiri fiteeri Brong Ahafo dɛ Region n nu wɔ.Region nti la Techiman wɔ. Nyini region ntiwa kɛrɛ jina NPP mbatu dɛ asɛsɛ ni alakawuri bo bu chichili 2016 Ghana mbatuwa sanga n wɔ.Bu tiiri nyini region nsɛn n fiteeri region buru mbo bu dumɔ wo bɛrɛ n nu wɔ Nyini region nsɛn la Ahafo,West North,Savanna,Northeast ni oti region Nyini region tiiwa nkɛrɛ jinna regional minister dɛ buuka sunsuni bo bu fere i ka Dan Botwe.Ghana gomina asamba nbo i niɛ region fɔfɔrɛ tiiwa nsu ni {| class="wikitable" ! zone |GMT |} == History == [[Category:Wp/cko]] tmqh61faay5o05zps7ryudu7s07uh3t 6685489 6685486 2025-06-13T18:21:06Z Avenger1993 2606586 6685489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q60764358}} Bono East Region nti Region buru ni nsɛn nkun wɔ. Bu tiiri fiteeri Brong Ahafo dɛ Region n nu wɔ.Region nti la Techiman wɔ. Nyini region ntiwa kɛrɛ jina NPP mbatu dɛ asɛsɛ ni alakawuri bo bu chichili 2016 Ghana mbatuwa sanga n wɔ.Bu tiiri nyini region nsɛn n fiteeri region buru mbo bu dumɔ wo bɛrɛ n nu wɔ Nyini region nsɛn la Ahafo,West North,Savanna,Northeast ni oti region Nyini region tiiwa nkɛrɛ jina regional minister dɛ buka sunsuni bo bu fere i ka Dan Botwe.Ghana gomina asamba nbo i niɛ region fɔfɔrɛ tiiwa nsu ni. {| class="wikitable" ! zone |GMT |} == History == [[Category:Wp/cko]] tl8480xixp2lxvwzvtx570wsd7p2km6 0 3602842 6685459 6685143 2025-06-13T17:25:32Z Jon Gua 2593212 6685459 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q117}} '''Ghana''' Ti miniɛ bilim asiɛn wɔ, yiri ti Ghana asiɛn n kɛrɛ ti a'. I ti miɛ bo I wo miniɛ bilim n Dɛɛ a wɔre n nu wɔ. I wo dodo [[Wp/cko/Gulf Guinea|Gulf Guinea]] bo i kpiɛ si fa kɔ Atlantic Dɛɛ Kuma m bo i kpiɛ jaanu sin kɔɔ south ni, bo i ni ivory coast (co`te d'lvoire) bo i si kɔ weile bo ya fere I kaa' west ni, ni [[Wp/cko/Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]] fɔm n dɛɛ asiɛm su, bo wo nyundiɛmasu su ni, ni [[Wp/cko/Togo|Togo]] dɛɛ asiɛn su bo I wo ya sabiɛsu ni. [[Category:Wp/cko]] [[Category:Wp/cko/Ghana]] 5qlt5c2fzh2lu8pyiycnuhhxhmqzz8b 0 3602910 6685917 6684945 2025-06-14T05:23:44Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685917 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ارون|ارون]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} setengah mateng (pasal [[Wt/bew/ketan|ketan]] atawa [[Wt/bew/nasi|nasi]]) =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-aron.wav}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} aron {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} [[Wt/bew/aplusan|aplusan]] nandur ama nggarap sawah # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} [[Wt/bew/pegawé|pegawé]] upahan di {{Wt/bew/l|bew|Karo}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 44tgj4fr137af4jzcff8cady2axzwim 0 3602925 6685918 6684946 2025-06-14T05:23:48Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685918 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} kulit [[Wt/bew/kayu|kayu]] nyang dibabak atawa dipapak deri dia punya [[Wt/bew/puun|puun]] atawa [[Wt/bew/balken|balken]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-babakan.wav}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|babakan}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Sunda}} [[Wt/bew/kampung|kampung]] atawa [[Wt/bew/bojong|bojong]] nyang baru {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/sasak|sasak]] bambu [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] mxkro7gfw4upfhstvfidhs2zdmp1bzc 0 3602927 6685919 6684947 2025-06-14T05:23:54Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685919 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-babe.wav}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/baba|baba]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} geroan apèt bakal orang laki nyang udah rada tuaan {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Cia-Cia}} [[Wt/bew/sanggelir|sanggelir]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 08rga019cjwpcbg6ra4z475gp17butl 6685977 6685919 2025-06-14T05:51:30Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685977 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-babe.wav}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/baba|baba]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} geroan apèt bakal orang laki nyang udah rada tuaan {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Cia-Cia}} [[Wt/bew/sanggelir|sanggelir]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] qzqnr0kco0ir4qesk0r1zf7m31swfy2 0 3603201 6685751 6684143 2025-06-14T01:21:44Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edited content 6685751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q240319}} '''Tamale''' (Dagbani:[tamali]) ti Northern Region miɛ kpiri a, [[Wp/cko/Ghana|Ghana]] fɛn. Ghana n nu, yiri ti miɛ kpiri bambaka tɔsu nsan su, na i la jama nbaakɔ yasu minɛ 371,351 (fa kɔ 2010 dɛɛ afɔ ni).<ref>Fuseini, I.; Yaro, J.; Yiran, G. (2017). "City profile: Tamale, Ghana". Cities. 60. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2016.07.010. Retrieved 25 August 2024.</ref>: 67.Tamale miɛkpiri n ti miɛ bo bu ayi kɔrɛsi aŋu i ka i tɛrɛ ndende West Africa awɔrɛ n kɛrɛ a.<ref>"The largest cities in Ghana, ranked by population". Mongabay.com. 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2014.</ref> Tamale wo Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn n dɛɛ awɔrɛ nu a, yiri ye wɔ acɛ Ghana dɛɛ Fɛmɛya asiɛnm nu a.<ref>"Ghana City Tamale". www.ghanaweb.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref> Aniɛ tiiti barasum bo bu tana Tamale asiɛn n su n la Ndagbamam, Ngbanjam, Mampurisim, Ahɛm, ni Dagaabam.<ref name=":0">"2010 Population & Housing Census, Tamale Metropolis" (PDF). Ghana Statistics Service. Retrieved 16 June 2024</ref> Miɛ kpiri n nyi fiteeri ahɛmɛ kaan be sɔ nu a, haari wɔ ba akaaki anyumba awɔrɛ Northen dɛɛ bue n bo bu di wata kpini nya ŋwaa su dɔ, sanga bo British fɔm atana dɔ na bu afa dɔ ayo bu jumayobiri awɔrɛ tii n sin. Na wɔ anya aba akaaki Northen Region n miɛ tii 1960 dɛɛ afɔ ni.<ref>MacGaffey, Wyatt (2006–2007). "A History of Tamale, 1907-1957 and Beyond". Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana (10): 109–124. JSTOR 41406735. Retrieved 15 June 2024.</ref>: 1, 2, 15. Tamale asiɛn n su, kpini jumayo bu i ti bambaka agaya la Dɔdɔɔri juma, na bo i tɔ i su la Watadifɔ, ni Kara kere, ni ni asaanu si jumam.<ref name=":0" />:42 == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 2mpp018yl3e78x8d421sckdgt7kgysk 6685757 6685751 2025-06-14T01:26:46Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q240319}} '''Tamale''' (Dagbani:[tamali]) ti Northern Region miɛ kpiri a, [[Wp/cko/Ghana|Ghana]] fɛn. Ghana n nu, yiri ti miɛ kpiri bambaka tɔsu nsan su, na i la jama nbaa kɔ yasu minɛ 371,351 (fa kɔ 2010 dɛɛ afɔ ni).<ref>Fuseini, I.; Yaro, J.; Yiran, G. (2017). "City profile: Tamale, Ghana". Cities. 60. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2016.07.010. Retrieved 25 August 2024.</ref>: 67.Tamale miɛkpiri n ti miɛ bo bu ayi kɔrɛsi aŋu i ka i tɛrɛ ndende West Africa awɔrɛ n kɛrɛ a.<ref>"The largest cities in Ghana, ranked by population". Mongabay.com. 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2014.</ref> Tamale wo Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn n dɛɛ awɔrɛ nu a, yiri ye wɔ acɛ Ghana dɛɛ Fɛmɛya asiɛnm nu a.<ref>"Ghana City Tamale". www.ghanaweb.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref> Aniɛ tiiti barasum bo bu tana Tamale asiɛn n su n la Ndagbamam, Ngbanjam, Mampurisim, Ahɛm, ni Dagaabam.<ref name=":0">"2010 Population & Housing Census, Tamale Metropolis" (PDF). Ghana Statistics Service. Retrieved 16 June 2024</ref> Miɛ kpiri n nyi fiteeri ahɛmɛ kaan be sɔ nu a, haari wɔ ba akaaki awɔrɛ anyumba Northen dɛɛ bue n bo bu di wata kpini nya ŋwaa su dɔ, sanga bo British fɔm atana dɔ na bu afa dɔ ayo bu jumayobiri awɔrɛ tii n sin. Na wɔ anya aba akaaki Northen Region n miɛ tii 1960 dɛɛ afɔ ni.<ref>MacGaffey, Wyatt (2006–2007). "A History of Tamale, 1907-1957 and Beyond". Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana (10): 109–124. JSTOR 41406735. Retrieved 15 June 2024.</ref>: 1, 2, 15. Tamale asiɛn n su, kpini jumayo bu i ti bambaka agaya la Dɔdɔɔri juma, na bo i tɔ i su la Watadifɔ, ni Kara kere, ni ni asaanu si jumam.<ref name=":0" />:42 == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 5s02ns9b847bm1abjwojrt5rvkvmpq4 6685759 6685757 2025-06-14T01:27:45Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q240319}} '''Tamale''' (Dagbani:[tamali]) ti Northern Region miɛ kpiri a, [[Wp/cko/Ghana|Ghana]] fɛn. Ghana n nu, yiri ti miɛ kpiri bambaka tɔsu nsan su, na i la jama nbaa kɔ yasu minɛ 371,351 (fa kɔ 2010 dɛɛ afɔ ni).<ref>Fuseini, I.; Yaro, J.; Yiran, G. (2017). "City profile: Tamale, Ghana". Cities. 60. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2016.07.010. Retrieved 25 August 2024.</ref>: 67.Tamale miɛkpiri n ti miɛ bo bu ayi kɔrɛsi aŋu i ka i tɛrɛ ndende West Africa awɔrɛ n kɛrɛ a.<ref>"The largest cities in Ghana, ranked by population". Mongabay.com. 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2014.</ref> Tamale wo Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn n dɛɛ awɔrɛ nu a, yiri ye wɔ acɛ Ghana dɛɛ Fɛmɛya asiɛnm nu a.<ref>"Ghana City Tamale". www.ghanaweb.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref> Aniɛ tiiti barasum bo bu tana Tamale asiɛn n su n la Ndagbamam, Ngbanjam, Mampurisim, Ahɛm, ni Dagaabam.<ref name=":0">"2010 Population & Housing Census, Tamale Metropolis" (PDF). Ghana Statistics Service. Retrieved 16 June 2024</ref> Miɛ kpiri n nyi fiteeri ahɛmɛ kaan be sɔ nu a, haari wɔ ba akaaki awɔrɛ anyumba Northen dɛɛ bue n bo bu di wata kpini nya ŋwaa su dɔ, sanga bo British fɔm atana dɔ na bu afa dɔ ayo bu jumayobiri awɔrɛ tii n sin. Na wɔ nya aba akaaki Northen Region n miɛ tii 1960 dɛɛ afɔ ni.<ref>MacGaffey, Wyatt (2006–2007). "A History of Tamale, 1907-1957 and Beyond". Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana (10): 109–124. JSTOR 41406735. Retrieved 15 June 2024.</ref>: 1, 2, 15. Tamale asiɛn n su, kpini jumayo bu i ti bambaka agaya la Dɔdɔɔri juma, na bo i tɔ i su la Watadifɔ, ni Kara kere, ni ni asaanu si jumam.<ref name=":0" />:42 == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 0u628rtydkipj5vj42sbgzsi049qzg6 6685783 6685759 2025-06-14T01:33:45Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q240319}} '''Tamale''' (Dagbani:[tamali]) ti Northern Region miɛ kpiri a, [[Wp/cko/Ghana|Ghana]] fɛn. Ghana n nu, yiri ti miɛ kpiri bambaka tɔsu nsan su, na i la jama nbaa kɔ yasu minɛ 371,351 (fa kɔ 2010 dɛɛ afɔ ni).<ref>Fuseini, I.; Yaro, J.; Yiran, G. (2017). "City profile: Tamale, Ghana". Cities. 60. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2016.07.010. Retrieved 25 August 2024.</ref>: 67.Tamale miɛkpiri n ti miɛ bo bu ayi kɔrɛsi aŋu i ka i tɛrɛ ndende West Africa awɔrɛ n kɛrɛ a.<ref>"The largest cities in Ghana, ranked by population". Mongabay.com. 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2014.</ref> Tamale wo Dagbon Fɛmɛya asiɛn n dɛɛ awɔrɛ nu a, yiri ye wɔ acɛ Ghana dɛɛ Fɛmɛya asiɛnm nu a.<ref>"Ghana City Tamale". www.ghanaweb.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref> Aniɛ tiiti barasum bo bu tana Tamale asiɛn n su n la Ndagbamam, Ngbanjam, Mampurisim, Ahɛm, ni Dagaabam.<ref name=":0">"2010 Population & Housing Census, Tamale Metropolis" (PDF). Ghana Statistics Service. Retrieved 16 June 2024</ref> Miɛ kpiri n nyi fiteeri ahɛmɛ kaan be sɔ nu a, haari wɔ ba akaaki awɔrɛ anyumba Northen dɛɛ bue n bo bu di wata kpini nya ŋwaa su dɔ, sanga bo British fɔm atana dɔ na bu afa dɔ ayo bu jumayobiri awɔrɛ tii n sin. Na wɔ nya aba akaaki Northen Region n miɛ tii 1960 dɛɛ afɔ ni.<ref>MacGaffey, Wyatt (2006–2007). "A History of Tamale, 1907-1957 and Beyond". Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana (10): 109–124. JSTOR 41406735. Retrieved 15 June 2024.</ref>: 1, 2, 15. Tamale asiɛn n su, kpini jumayo bo i ti bambaka agaya la Dɔdɔɔri juma, na bo i tɔ i su la wata dii, ni kara kere, ni asaanu si jumam.<ref name=":0" />:42 == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] ed86cra4imqus8conqtkldx408lpre0 0 3603265 6685303 6684948 2025-06-13T14:50:04Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685303 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بکل|بکل]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|bew}} penenger tindakan nyang entarnya dilakonin # {{Wt/bew/-prep-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/buat|buat]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang bakalan dikeja # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/calon|calon]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/bahan|bahan]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bakal.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|al}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ba|kal}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} (nyang bakal dikeja; [[Wt/bew/bahan|bahan]]) # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} ([[Wt/bew/calon|calon]]) # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|sarian}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} (penenger tindakan nyang entarnya dilakonin) # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} (buat) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Minahasa}} tumplekan [[Wt/bew/kayu bakar|kayu bakar]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} [[Wt/bew/kebo|kebo]] nyang bulunya puti di pinggiran mata, tété', ama kaki bagèan bawahnya # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} kelir bulu nyang sama kaya' biang jantannya [[Wt/bew/ayam|ayam]] (bakal ayam) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} [[Wt/bew/celung|celung]] tana nyang jadi [[Wt/bew/lepeg|lepeg]] bahnanya keingsek-ingsek ama [[Wt/bew/binatang angonan|binatang angonan]] mulu [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] gkl4o4i6hd6pc5xvunrzz2sbjm0sifd 6685920 6685303 2025-06-14T05:24:00Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685920 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بکل|بکل]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|bew}} penenger tindakan nyang entarnya dilakonin # {{Wt/bew/-prep-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/buat|buat]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang bakalan dikeja # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/calon|calon]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/bahan|bahan]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bakal.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|al}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ba|kal}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} (nyang bakal dikeja; [[Wt/bew/bahan|bahan]]) # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} ([[Wt/bew/calon|calon]]) # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|sarian}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} (penenger tindakan nyang entarnya dilakonin) # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bakal}} (buat) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Minahasa}} tumplekan [[Wt/bew/kayu bakar|kayu bakar]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} [[Wt/bew/kebo|kebo]] nyang bulunya puti di pinggiran mata, tété', ama kaki bagèan bawahnya # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} kelir bulu nyang sama kaya' biang jantannya [[Wt/bew/ayam|ayam]] (bakal ayam) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} [[Wt/bew/celung|celung]] tana nyang jadi [[Wt/bew/lepeg|lepeg]] bahnanya keingsek-ingsek ama [[Wt/bew/binatang angonan|binatang angonan]] mulu [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] fhk7baeu9xts9tqi7snst2kj58k1l99 0 3603371 6685921 6684949 2025-06-14T05:24:04Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685921 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باݢوسن|باݢوسن]]|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} lebi [[Wt/bew/bagus|bagus]]; lebi baè' {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|angguran}} {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باݢوسن|باݢوسن]]|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} penyakit nèpa kaya' [[Wt/bew/poken|poken]] {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Penyakit nèpa}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bagusan.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|an}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ba|gus|an}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|sarian}} lebi [[Wt/bew/bagus|bagus]]; lebi baè'; [[Wt/bew/angguran|angguran]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bagusan (penyakit) [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 0jvr7mvck4674ks61q13c3pgk4lruzl 0 3603372 6685922 6684950 2025-06-14T05:24:09Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685922 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بندن|بندن]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/burung|burung]] nyang dia punya jambul kaya' [[Wt/bew/ayam utan|ayam utan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nama-|bew}} {{ragem|bew|q=hurup kecit|Bandan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bandan.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|an}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ban|dan}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} burung bandan {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Dayak Ngaju}} [[Wt/bew/setèleng|setèleng]] kanggo naroh [[Wt/bew/lampu gembrèng|lampu gembrèng]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Banjar}} sarang ikan [[Wt/bew/gabus|gabus]] atawa semacemnya nyang ditengerin ama kelempungan kecit kelir puti rada kuning {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Riau}} [[Wt/bew/ketèmpèlan|ketèmpèlan]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] h780p9n061b7m8ijqeugmzcf3kuep28 6685972 6685922 2025-06-14T05:49:28Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685972 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بندن|بندن]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/burung|burung]] nyang dia punya jambul kaya' [[Wt/bew/ayam utan|ayam utan]] # {{Wt/bew/-nama-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|bew|q=hurup kecit|Bandan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bandan.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|an}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ban|dan}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} burung bandan {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Dayak Ngaju}} [[Wt/bew/setèleng|setèleng]] kanggo naroh [[Wt/bew/lampu gembrèng|lampu gembrèng]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Banjar}} sarang ikan [[Wt/bew/gabus|gabus]] atawa semacemnya nyang ditengerin ama kelempungan kecit kelir puti rada kuning {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Riau}} [[Wt/bew/ketèmpèlan|ketèmpèlan]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] sekt5qxxy9t2vnmfjbmid39wsy5u0av 6685975 6685972 2025-06-14T05:50:37Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685975 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=1|tr=[[Wt/bew/بندن|بندن]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/burung|burung]] nyang dia punya jambul kaya' [[Wt/bew/ayam utan|ayam utan]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|num=2|tr=[[Wt/bew/بندن|بندن]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-nama-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|bew|q=hurup kecit|Bandan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bandan.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|an}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ban|dan}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} burung bandan {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Dayak Ngaju}} [[Wt/bew/setèleng|setèleng]] kanggo naroh [[Wt/bew/lampu gembrèng|lampu gembrèng]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Banjar}} sarang ikan [[Wt/bew/gabus|gabus]] atawa semacemnya nyang ditengerin ama kelempungan kecit kelir puti rada kuning {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Riau}} [[Wt/bew/ketèmpèlan|ketèmpèlan]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] av4ub1iixlzslj9sljm7alfm09h3t5e 0 3603376 6685923 6684951 2025-06-14T05:24:14Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685923 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Kue pancung.JPG|thumb|Kué bandos atawa pancong]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بندوس|بندوس]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/kué|kué]] nyang dibikin deri tepung [[Wt/bew/beras ketan|beras ketan]] nyang dicampur [[Wt/bew/gula|gula]] ama [[Wt/bew/kelapa parut|kelapa parut]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|pancong}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|banderos}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bandros}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bebandos}} {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Kué}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bandos.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|os}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ban|dos}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/kué|kué]] nyang dibikin deri [[Wt/bew/singkong|singkong]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|banderos}}; [[Wt/bew/pancong|pancong]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/kelapa|kelapa]] nyang udah [[Wt/bew/mentis|mentis]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] jhpmkzu0sfdgcsi6rt510vni4nsczqb 6685962 6685923 2025-06-14T05:45:27Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685962 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Kue pancung.JPG|thumb|Kué bandos atawa pancong]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بندوس|بندوس]]}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|banderos}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bandros}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bebandos}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/kué|kué]] nyang dibikin deri tepung [[Wt/bew/beras ketan|beras ketan]] nyang dicampur [[Wt/bew/gula|gula]] ama [[Wt/bew/kelapa parut|kelapa parut]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|pancong}} {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Kué}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bandos.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|os}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ban|dos}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/kué|kué]] nyang dibikin deri [[Wt/bew/singkong|singkong]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|banderos}}; [[Wt/bew/pancong|pancong]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/kelapa|kelapa]] nyang udah [[Wt/bew/mentis|mentis]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 2c83l3zo4s2r1vd8aixdir5ajdmyqjp 6685971 6685962 2025-06-14T05:48:44Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685971 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Kue pancung.JPG|thumb|Kué bandos atawa pancong]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بندوس|بندوس]]}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|banderos}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bandros}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bebandos}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/kué|kué]] nyang dibikin deri tepung [[Wt/bew/beras ketan|beras ketan]] nyang dicampur [[Wt/bew/gula|gula]] ama [[Wt/bew/kelapa parut|kelapa parut]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|pancong}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/pongder|bew|bebandos}} {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Kué}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bandos.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|os}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ban|dos}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bandos}}; [[Wt/bew/pancong|pancong]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bandos}}; [[Wt/bew/kué|kué]] nyang dibikin deri [[Wt/bew/singkong|singkong]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/kelapa|kelapa]] nyang udah [[Wt/bew/mentis|mentis]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] c5ookd4oucmb91n5azslb2wi0llc3qf 0 3603377 6685924 6684952 2025-06-14T05:24:18Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685924 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باڠوس|باڠوس]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/bacot|bacotnya]] [[Wt/bew/anjing|anjing]] atawa [[Wt/bew/babi|babi]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bangus.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|us}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ba|ngus}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bangus {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Batak}} [[Wt/bew/sarang|sarang]] [[Wt/bew/semut|semut]] nyang ada di dalem kayu {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Banggé}} [[Wt/bew/bengu|bengu]] atawa [[Wt/bew/pesing|pesing]] bahnanya [[Wt/bew/ngompol|ngompol]] mulu (pasal bocah) [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] gw0pffnmljly6gfcq2ipanev1zhz66d 0 3603378 6685925 6684953 2025-06-14T05:24:22Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685925 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بنجور|بنجور]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/siram|siram]]; [[Wt/bew/guyur|guyur]]; [[Wt/bew/sèbrot|sèbrot]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|guyur|sèbrot|siram}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-banjur.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ur}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ban|jur}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} banjur {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Banjar}} [[Wt/bew/joran|joran]] [[Wt/bew/tègeran|tègeran]] pèndèk {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/joran|joran]] deri kelosan [[Wt/bew/kenur|kenur]] nyang dikasi [[Wt/bew/mata kaèt|mata kaèt]] berapa biji ama [[Wt/bew/ban|ban]] bakal cangcangan ama [[Wt/bew/pelambungan|pelambungan]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] qglmsfzvuugcrrlsceqoq7ler44vz0k 6685956 6685925 2025-06-14T05:44:15Z Swarabakti 2526161 sama asal-usul 6685956 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بنجور|بنجور]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/siram|siram]]; [[Wt/bew/guyur|guyur]]; [[Wt/bew/sèbrot|sèbrot]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|guyur|sèbrot|siram}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-banjur.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ur}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ban|jur}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} banjur {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Banjar}} [[Wt/bew/joran|joran]] [[Wt/bew/tègeran|tègeran]] pèndèk # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/joran|joran]] deri kelosan [[Wt/bew/kenur|kenur]] nyang dikasi [[Wt/bew/mata kaèt|mata kaèt]] berapa biji ama [[Wt/bew/ban|ban]] bakal cangcangan ama [[Wt/bew/pelambungan|pelambungan]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] oflb0cis52i987qol7bwpmdrrlj1ggr 0 3603381 6685926 6684954 2025-06-14T05:24:26Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685926 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باريتن|باريتن]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sedekah bumi|sedekah bumi]], biasanya saben 10 [[Wt/bew/Haji|Haji]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|bebarit}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-baritan.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|an}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ba.ri.tan}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/nyadran|nyadran]], biasanya malem 1 [[Wt/bew/Sura|Sura]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa Banyumasan}} upacara nguprak-nguprak [[Wt/bew/curut|curut]], [[Wt/bew/wereng|wereng]], èns. di sawah pas [[Wt/bew/padi|tangké padinya]] pada megar, biasanya deri jem 4 ampé 6 soré di [[Wt/bew/Banyumas|Banyumas]], ama ada ancak [[Wt/bew/nasi|nasi]] ama [[Wt/bew/lauh|lauh]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} baritan [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] oberon9egpl4ybg1hnt0nz14k6sde8m 6685952 6685926 2025-06-14T05:42:19Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685952 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باريتن|باريتن]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sedekah bumi|sedekah bumi]], biasanya saben 10 [[Wt/bew/Haji|Haji]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|bebarit}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-baritan.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|an}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ba|ri|tan}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/nyadran|nyadran]], biasanya malem 1 [[Wt/bew/Sura|Sura]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa Banyumasan}} upacara nguprak-nguprak [[Wt/bew/curut|curut]], [[Wt/bew/wereng|wereng]], èns. di sawah pas [[Wt/bew/padi|tangké padinya]] pada megar, biasanya deri jem 4 ampé 6 soré di [[Wt/bew/Banyumas|Banyumas]], ama ada ancak [[Wt/bew/nasi|nasi]] ama [[Wt/bew/lauh|lauh]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} baritan [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] qm4nnxfux7t7uahkl41l6mfwdd4ptah 6685953 6685952 2025-06-14T05:43:19Z Swarabakti 2526161 satu asal-usul 6685953 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/باريتن|باريتن]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sedekah bumi|sedekah bumi]], biasanya saben 10 [[Wt/bew/Haji|Haji]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|bebarit}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-baritan.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|an}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ba|ri|tan}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa}} [[Wt/bew/nyadran|nyadran]], biasanya malem 1 [[Wt/bew/Sura|Sura]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jawa Banyumasan}} upacara nguprak-nguprak [[Wt/bew/curut|curut]], [[Wt/bew/wereng|wereng]], èns. di sawah pas [[Wt/bew/padi|tangké padinya]] pada megar, biasanya deri jem 4 ampé 6 soré di [[Wt/bew/Banyumas|Banyumas]], ama ada ancak [[Wt/bew/nasi|nasi]] ama [[Wt/bew/lauh|lauh]] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} baritan [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] gwqok21xrwdbn6p8304263oizizne9x 0 3603578 6685927 6684955 2025-06-14T05:24:30Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685927 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بايوڠ|بايوڠ]]|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} daon [[Wt/bew/kacang panjang|kacang panjang]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بايوڠ|بايوڠ]]|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|bew|q=pèndèkan|lembayung}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bayung.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ung}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ba|yung}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/pèso|pèso]] [[Wt/bew/sekin|sekin]]; [[Wt/bew/pèso|pèso]] pahat # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/golok|golok]]; [[Wt/bew/bèndo|bèndo]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bayung (sayuran) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/bebegig|bebegig]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Bali}} tangké samping perau [[Wt/bew/jukung|jukung]] bakal nyeimbangin tu perau [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] hzcv2mksdde4mhz5jfa0i5mqpllxid5 6685950 6685927 2025-06-14T05:41:28Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685950 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بايوڠ|بايوڠ]]|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} daon [[Wt/bew/kacang panjang|kacang panjang]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بايوڠ|بايوڠ]]|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|bew|q=pèndèkan|lembayung}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bayung.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|uŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|ba|yung}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/pèso|pèso]] [[Wt/bew/sekin|sekin]]; [[Wt/bew/pèso|pèso]] pahat # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/golok|golok]]; [[Wt/bew/bèndo|bèndo]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bayung (sayuran) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} [[Wt/bew/bebegig|bebegig]] {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=4}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Bali}} tangké samping perau [[Wt/bew/jukung|jukung]] bakal nyeimbangin tu perau [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] j49cfkst5xuxvsmj3v8rgpg8ashfp0g 0 3603579 6685968 6679765 2025-06-14T05:46:33Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685968 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/ببندوس|ببندوس]]}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|bandos}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} kué deri [[Wt/bew/singkong|singkong]] {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Kué}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pelapalan==== * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bebandos.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|os}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|ban|dos}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bebandos [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 3oq64flnemw9qlfk18hagv88wg9x06q 0 3603584 6685928 6684956 2025-06-14T05:24:35Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685928 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بݢه|بݢه]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} keliwat [[Wt/bew/kenyang|kenyang]] atawa [[Wt/bew/wareg|wareg]]; [[Wt/bew/kemelekeran|kemelekeran]]; [[Wt/bew/kemengkaran|kemengkaran]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|kemelekeran|kemengkaran}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-begah.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ah}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|gah}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} begah {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Riau}} [[Wt/bew/tambun|tambun]] èn [[Wt/bew/dempiak|dempiak]] (pasal taneman) [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] mxttxufyzro2hey4so9xyf1qex99pci 6685931 6685928 2025-06-14T05:24:53Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685931 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بݢه|بݢه]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} keliwat [[Wt/bew/kenyang|kenyang]] atawa [[Wt/bew/wareg|wareg]]; [[Wt/bew/kemelekeran|kemelekeran]]; [[Wt/bew/kemengkaran|kemengkaran]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|kemelekeran|kemengkaran}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-begah.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ah}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|gah}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} begah {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Riau}} [[Wt/bew/tambun|tambun]] èn [[Wt/bew/dempiak|dempiak]] (pasal taneman) [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] e1fpmacwbnyvs2k1cslwcv4x3win1q2 0 3603592 6685932 6684957 2025-06-14T05:25:12Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685932 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Gütermann thread old 1.jpg|thumb|Tampangnya beladu, mah, laca-laca begini, dah.]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بلادو|بلادو]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} kayu bakal nguwel atawa ngelos [[Wt/bew/benang|benang]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-beladu.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|du}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|la|du}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} beladu {{Wt/bew/syn|id|belendong}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Riau}} [[Wt/bew/keris|keris]] [[Wt/bew/Melayu|Melayu]] [[Wt/bew/Siak|Siak]] nyang pentol [[Wt/bew/garan|garannya]] kepala [[Wt/bew/liong|liong]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 82qwbm8y0gwq0qpo8c1knm0vb8fp807 6685949 6685932 2025-06-14T05:40:25Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685949 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Gütermann thread old 1.jpg|thumb|180px|Tampangnya '''beladu''', mah, laca-laca begini, dah.]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بلادو|بلادو]]}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} kayu bakal nguwel atawa ngelos [[Wt/bew/benang|benang]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-beladu.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|du}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|la|du}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} beladu {{Wt/bew/syn|id|belendong}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Riau}} [[Wt/bew/keris|keris]] [[Wt/bew/Melayu|Melayu]] [[Wt/bew/Siak|Siak]] nyang pentol [[Wt/bew/garan|garannya]] kepala [[Wt/bew/liong|liong]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 2j3mst9ap4hv4mo8cuqzium6bl9tvzp 0 3603985 6685470 6682833 2025-06-13T18:03:25Z Avenger1993 2606586 6685470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}} Koforidua,bo kum duma bo bu yo si la K.dua waka Koftown ma ki sa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.Miɛ N jama miniɛ ti 183,727 nzɛn aniɛ 2010.Miɛ a sanga ni dawa ataali ni kisa dɛɛm ni. Koforidua tiri awɔrɛ bo i wo bɛrɛ fa ma nenge tɔɔfɔm ni tofɔm awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region Juma barasu dɔnguwo miɛ kpiri n su,sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni,miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited,Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa west Africa n nu a.Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. [[Category:Wp/cko]] 8f3ncplv6oxetfs25ids02cx70tohs5 6685476 6685470 2025-06-13T18:11:10Z Avenger1993 2606586 6685476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}} Koforidua,bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wala Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.Miɛ N jama miniɛ ti 183,727 nzɛn aniɛ 2010.Miɛ a sanga ni dawa ataali ni kisa dɛɛm ni. Koforidua tiri awɔrɛ bo i wo bɛrɛ fa ma nenge tɔɔfɔm ni tofɔm awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region Juma barasu dɔnguwo miɛ kpiri n su,sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni,miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited,Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa west Africa n nu a.Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. [[Category:Wp/cko]] 5738foflkivxix81xrijmshzttd70gz 6685480 6685476 2025-06-13T18:13:34Z Avenger1993 2606586 6685480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}} Koforidua,bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wala Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.Miɛ N jama miniɛ ti 183,727 nzɛn aniɛ 2010.Miɛ a sanga ni dawa ataali ni kisa dɛɛm ni. Koforidua tiri awɔrɛ bo i wo bɛrɛ fa ma nenge tɔɔfɔm ni tofɔm awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region. Juma barasu dɔngu wo miɛ kpiri n su,sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni,miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited,Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa wo west Africa n nu a.Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. [[Category:Wp/cko]] lejll3vunmyyqyhyx2qaaf1fgiqv4yw 6686066 6685480 2025-06-14T06:30:10Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Ref 6686066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}} Koforidua,bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wala Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.<ref>"New Juaben Assembly revokes permit for statue after family sued Paramount Chief for ordering its destruction - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021</ref> Miɛ N jama miniɛ ti 183,727 nzɛn aniɛ 2010.Miɛ a sanga ni dawa ataali ni kisa dɛɛm ni. Koforidua tiri awɔrɛ bo i wo bɛrɛ fa ma nenge tɔɔfɔm ni tofɔm awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region. Juma barasu dɔngu wo miɛ kpiri n su,sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni,miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited,Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa wo west Africa n nu a.Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. [[Category:Wp/cko]] 4hkyuzxhs7cs6koaaa99nhmmv4bkmjz 6686072 6686066 2025-06-14T06:32:54Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Refs 6686072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}} == Koforidua,bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wala Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.<ref>"New Juaben Assembly revokes permit for statue after family sued Paramount Chief for ordering its destruction - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021</ref><ref>"3 men jailed for defiling 14-year-old girl in Nkawkaw - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.</ref> Miɛ N jama miniɛ ti 183,727 nzɛn aniɛ 2010.Miɛ a sanga ni dawa ataali ni kisa dɛɛm ni. == Koforidua tiri awɔrɛ bo i wo bɛrɛ fa ma nenge tɔɔfɔm ni tofɔm awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region. Juma barasu dɔngu wo miɛ kpiri n su,sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni,miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited,Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa wo west Africa n nu a.Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] fmpikmdjiw3vbo7467tzb7t7z7uxl2i 6686073 6686072 2025-06-14T06:38:24Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Refs and edit 6686073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}}Koforidua, bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wara Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.<ref>"New Juaben Assembly revokes permit for statue after family sued Paramount Chief for ordering its destruction - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021</ref><ref>"3 men jailed for defiling 14-year-old girl in Nkawkaw - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.</ref> Miɛ n minɛ jama ti 183,727, nzɛn aniɛ 2010 afɔ ni.<ref>"World Gazetteer online". World-gazetteer.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012.</ref> Miɛ a sanga ni dawa ataali ni kisa dɛɛm ni. Koforidua tiri awɔrɛ bo i wo bɛrɛ fa ma neŋge tɔfɔm ni tofɔm awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region. Juma barasu dɔngu wo miɛ kpiri n su,sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni, miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited, Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa wo west Africa n nu a. Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] kf63xbz3itk1vpuvl1e7pwtq14fif2z 6686077 6686073 2025-06-14T06:50:13Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6686077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}}Koforidua, bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wara Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.<ref>"New Juaben Assembly revokes permit for statue after family sued Paramount Chief for ordering its destruction - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021</ref><ref>"3 men jailed for defiling 14-year-old girl in Nkawkaw - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.</ref> Miɛ n minɛ jama ti 183,727, nzɛn aniɛ 2010 afɔ ni.<ref>"World Gazetteer online". World-gazetteer.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012.</ref> Miɛ n sɔɔ ataarim ti asaŋga ni dada saŋga ni nyuma dɛɛm wɔ. Koforidua miɛ ni wo amiɛ afiɛn ayo neŋge tɔ ni toobiri awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region n a. Juma barasu dɔngu wo miɛ kpiri n su,sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni, miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited, Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa wo west Africa n nu a. Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] qs424sbrvvw7wpuf3cm5p1slpiahkvb 6686081 6686077 2025-06-14T06:57:41Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6686081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}}Koforidua, bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wara Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.<ref>"New Juaben Assembly revokes permit for statue after family sued Paramount Chief for ordering its destruction - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021</ref><ref>"3 men jailed for defiling 14-year-old girl in Nkawkaw - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.</ref> Miɛ n minɛ jama ti 183,727, nzɛn aniɛ 2010 afɔ ni.<ref>"World Gazetteer online". World-gazetteer.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012.</ref> Miɛ kpiri n sɔɔ ataarim asaŋga ni dada ataarim ni nyuma saŋga dɛɛm. Koforidua miɛ ni wo amiɛ afiɛn ayo neŋge tɔ ni toobiri awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region minɛm kɛrɛ a. Juma barasu dɔngu wo miɛ kpiri n su, sin deke wara bulaari nɔnɔɔri awɔrɛm ni, miɛ kpiri n ti awuru fa ma lntravenous Infusion Limited, Ayirimba tɔɔbiri dawa wo west Africa n nu a. Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] aokyhjwem1n514hhdrk8tjiwnw9rpmk 6686083 6686081 2025-06-14T07:08:57Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6686083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}}Koforidua, bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wara Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.<ref>"New Juaben Assembly revokes permit for statue after family sued Paramount Chief for ordering its destruction - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021</ref><ref>"3 men jailed for defiling 14-year-old girl in Nkawkaw - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.</ref> Miɛ n minɛ jama ti 183,727, nzɛn aniɛ 2010 afɔ ni.<ref>"World Gazetteer online". World-gazetteer.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012.</ref> Miɛ kpiri n sɔɔ ataarim asaŋga ni dada ataarim ni nyuma saŋga dɛɛm. Koforidua miɛ ni wo amiɛ afiɛn ayo neŋge tɔ ni toobiri awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region minɛm kɛrɛ a. Miɛ kpiri n ti wata dii beberebe ni kpini barasu kɛrɛ miɛ wɔ, ama i la má bulaari ni deke nɔnɔɔrim dɛɛ wata dii jumayobiri yiri. Miɛ kpiri n ye lntravenous Infusion Limited bo i ti Ayirimba tɔɔbiri wo West Africa haari dawa saŋga kɛrɛ n wo a Atin kpiri bo bu yo i kisa na i da ma Koforidua Technical University ni Koforidua fa tu Oyoko bo i fa tɔɔ ni to fa ma miɛ kpiri ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] le3gk2df048l4h9xkfj1kur3avvhv73 6686089 6686083 2025-06-14T07:23:56Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6686089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q406358}}Koforidua, bo kum bo bu si ka K.dua wara Koftown ma kisa Kofcity, i ti miɛ kpiri na i ti tii wo Eastern Region Ghana asiɛn n su.<ref>"New Juaben Assembly revokes permit for statue after family sued Paramount Chief for ordering its destruction - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021</ref><ref>"3 men jailed for defiling 14-year-old girl in Nkawkaw - MyJoyOnline.com". ''MyJoyOnline''. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.</ref> Miɛ n minɛ jama ti 183,727, nzɛn aniɛ 2010 afɔ ni.<ref>"World Gazetteer online". World-gazetteer.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012.</ref> Miɛ kpiri n sɔɔ ataarim asaŋga ni dada ataarim ni nyuma saŋga dɛɛm. Koforidua miɛ ni wo amiɛ afiɛn ayo neŋge tɔ ni toobiri awɔrɛ fa ma Eastern Region miɛm kɛrɛ a. Miɛ kpiri n ti wata dii beberebe ni kpini barasu kɛrɛ miɛ wɔ, ama i la má bulaari ni deke nɔnɔɔrim dɛɛ wata dii jumayobiri yiri. Miɛ kpiri n ye lntravenous Infusion Limited bo yiri mmɔɔ ti ayirimba tɔɔbiri asɛsɛm kun, na wɔ acɛ West Africa, n wo a. Kisa dɛɛ atiŋgbere tekeewa bambaka n bo bu ata i, na yiri saa Koforidua Technical University dɛɛ atin n fa kɔ tu Koforidua miɛ n atin n su, fa saŋga ni Oyoko kɛrɛ su ni, nyini cin wata dii ni kpini barasu kɛrɛ ba miɛ kpiri n nu a. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] j4cvc98lrdslpikmosakr5axmc7edzb 0 3604174 6685933 6684958 2025-06-14T05:25:24Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685933 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Mumps PHIL 130 lores.jpg|thumb|Bocah kena bengok]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بڠوق|بڠوق]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/gondongan|gondongan]] {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Penyakit bengkak-bengkakan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bengok.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ok}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ngok}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bengok {{Wt/bew/syn|id|gondok}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Gayo}} pada mèrah ama [[Wt/bew/bengul|bengul]] (pasal mata) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Minangkabo}} [[Wt/bew/murung|murung]] {{Wt/bew/syn|id|benguk|murung}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 8vq2byixkqnmeuxtshn1plqmeph30tu 6685945 6685933 2025-06-14T05:38:15Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685945 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Mumps PHIL 130 lores.jpg|thumb|Bocah kena bengok]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بڠوق|بڠوق]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/gondongan|gondongan]] ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|penyakit}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/t|id|bengok}}, {{Wt/bew/t|id|gondok}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|en}}: {{Wt/bew/t|en|mumps}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Penyakit bengkak-bengkakan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bengok.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ok}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ngok}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bengok {{Wt/bew/syn|id|gondok}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Gayo}} pada mèrah ama [[Wt/bew/bengul|bengul]] (pasal mata) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Minangkabo}} [[Wt/bew/murung|murung]] {{Wt/bew/syn|id|benguk|murung}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] m07gndfmbg5zxrl5bpsekknw570v3ze 6685946 6685945 2025-06-14T05:38:44Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685946 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Mumps PHIL 130 lores.jpg|thumb|80px|Bocah kena bengok]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بڠوق|بڠوق]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/gondongan|gondongan]] ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|penyakit}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/t|id|bengok}}, {{Wt/bew/t|id|gondok}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|en}}: {{Wt/bew/t|en|mumps}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Penyakit bengkak-bengkakan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bengok.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ok}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ngok}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bengok {{Wt/bew/syn|id|gondok}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Gayo}} pada mèrah ama [[Wt/bew/bengul|bengul]] (pasal mata) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Minangkabo}} [[Wt/bew/murung|murung]] {{Wt/bew/syn|id|benguk|murung}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] d1zoj4xhtey699kxe69to1x7natcsia 6685947 6685946 2025-06-14T05:38:53Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685947 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Mumps PHIL 130 lores.jpg|thumb|120px|Bocah kena bengok]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بڠوق|بڠوق]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/gondongan|gondongan]] ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|penyakit}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/t|id|bengok}}, {{Wt/bew/t|id|gondok}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|en}}: {{Wt/bew/t|en|mumps}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Penyakit bengkak-bengkakan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bengok.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ok}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ngok}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bengok {{Wt/bew/syn|id|gondok}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Gayo}} pada mèrah ama [[Wt/bew/bengul|bengul]] (pasal mata) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Minangkabo}} [[Wt/bew/murung|murung]] {{Wt/bew/syn|id|benguk|murung}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] jquiizvs57c0b015q57kf0eq0fdg1gq 6685948 6685947 2025-06-14T05:39:07Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685948 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Mumps PHIL 130 lores.jpg|thumb|180px|Bocah kena bengok]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/بڠوق|بڠوق]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/gondongan|gondongan]] ====Tarjiman==== {{Wt/bew/trans-top|penyakit}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|id}}: {{Wt/bew/t|id|bengok}}, {{Wt/bew/t|id|gondok}} * {{Wt/bew/lang|en}}: {{Wt/bew/t|en|mumps}} {{Wt/bew/trans-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/C|bew|Penyakit bengkak-bengkakan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-bengok.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ok}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ngok}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} bengok {{Wt/bew/syn|id|gondok}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Gayo}} pada mèrah ama [[Wt/bew/bengul|bengul]] (pasal mata) {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Minangkabo}} [[Wt/bew/murung|murung]] {{Wt/bew/syn|id|benguk|murung}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 3no9f6kr1wvn7rjyu65mp88ja8elmzq 0 3604181 6685934 6684959 2025-06-14T05:26:38Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} (2) 6685934 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== [[Image:Leonid Meteor (cropped).jpg|thumb|Beraja Léonid]] {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/براج|براج]]}} ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/IPA|bew|/bəraja/}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|a}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|ra|ja}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/bintang|bintang]] nyang ada buntutnya nyang ngayeng di luar [[Wt/bew/awang-awang|awang-awang]], kotan-kotan bisa [[Wt/bew/nubruk|nubruk]] [[Wt/bew/bintang ider|bintang ider]] ama ngeja [[Wt/bew/celung|celung]] pating [[Wt/bew/radak|radak]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-beraja.wav|ipa=/bəraja/}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|a}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ra|ja}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} jadi [[Wt/bew/raja|raja]] # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} [[Wt/bew/ngambain|ngambain]] diri (ama) # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} gablek raja {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} beraja {{Wt/bew/syn|id|meteor}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] il80wfqpp35fi42bd77jj9wkm6g5wwb 6685939 6685934 2025-06-14T05:29:04Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685939 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/براج|براج]]}} [[Image:Leonid Meteor (cropped).jpg|thumb|Beraja Léonid]] ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/IPA|bew|/bəraja/}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|a}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|ra|ja}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/bintang|bintang]] nyang ada buntutnya nyang ngayeng di luar [[Wt/bew/awang-awang|awang-awang]], kotan-kotan bisa [[Wt/bew/nubruk|nubruk]] [[Wt/bew/bintang ider|bintang ider]] ama ngeja [[Wt/bew/celung|celung]] pating [[Wt/bew/radak|radak]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-beraja.wav|ipa=/bəraja/}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|a}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ra|ja}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} jadi [[Wt/bew/raja|raja]] # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} [[Wt/bew/ngambain|ngambain]] diri (ama) # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} gablek raja {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} beraja {{Wt/bew/syn|id|meteor}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] g6tt5cchte0hooqx6ipwij69g3htfdv 6685940 6685939 2025-06-14T05:30:49Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685940 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/براج|براج]]}} [[Image:Leonid Meteor (cropped).jpg|thumb|Beraja Léonid]] ===Pelapalan=== * {{Wt/bew/IPA|bew|/bərad͡ʒa/}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|bew|a}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|bew|be|ra|ja}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/bintang|bintang]] nyang ada buntutnya nyang ngayeng di luar [[Wt/bew/awang-awang|awang-awang]], kotan-kotan bisa [[Wt/bew/nubruk|nubruk]] [[Wt/bew/bintang ider|bintang ider]] ama ngeja [[Wt/bew/celung|celung]] pating [[Wt/bew/radak|radak]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/HPA|id|/bərad͡ʒa/|a=LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-beraja.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|a}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ra|ja}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} jadi [[Wt/bew/raja|raja]] # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} [[Wt/bew/ngambain|ngambain]] diri (ama) # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} gablek raja {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} beraja {{Wt/bew/syn|id|meteor}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] bgsji44fceypypn2m23eyutzp6ik6y7 0 3604182 6685935 6684960 2025-06-14T05:26:45Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685935 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/براراقن|براراقن]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/berantakan|berantakan]]; pating [[Wt/bew/belarah|belarah]]; pating [[Wt/bew/telèktèkan|telèktèkan]] {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|aur-auran|belarah|ngembrek|kelèlèran|telèktèkan}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-berarak.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ak}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ber|a|rak}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} jalan [[Wt/bew/ngarak|ngarak]] bareng-bareng # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} jalan [[Wt/bew/berèrod-rèrod|berèrod-rèrod]] barengan {{Wt/bew/head|id|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} berarakan [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] mduue87ddu4luul3zud9eal9arqb4dc 0 3604213 6685936 6684961 2025-06-14T05:26:49Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685936 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew|tr=[[Wt/bew/براج|براج]]}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} banyak suaranya {{Wt/bew/syn|bew|gandèng|rècèt|ribut}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/pengeng|pengeng]] =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-berisik.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ik}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|be|ri|sik}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|id}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} berisik # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/pengeng|pengeng]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] hftwx0cud8i4vdd1no697fnjnfz3n9m 0 3604216 6685937 6684966 2025-06-14T05:26:55Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685937 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * {{Wt/bew/audio|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Bangrapip-berkeredong.wav}} * {{Wt/bew/ujung|id|ɔŋ}} * {{Wt/bew/prtl|id|ber|ke|re|dong}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/-head-|id}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|id}} {{Wt/bew/lb|id|Jakarta}} [[Wt/bew/kerèdongan|kerèdongan]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] 3ossz0c5ountqdufm4d8pvk3ibe90dv 0 3606028 6686014 6674505 2025-06-14T06:12:08Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686014 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/besar|besar]] ama [[Wt/bew/luhur|luhur]] punya [[Wt/bew/nama|nama]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Agoeng|pbat=8}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|agung}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] bbh77tn52o60hbn77aan4qt5wl9wbdc 0 3606040 6686015 6674516 2025-06-14T06:12:10Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686015 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/wates|wates]] [[Wt/bew/idup|idup]] nyang uda [[Wt/bew/disetèl|disetèl]] ama [[Wt/bew/Tuhan|Tuhan]]; [[Wt/bew/ambang|ambang]] [[Wt/bew/mati|mati]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Adjal|pbat=2}} =={{Wt/bew/lang|id}}== {{Wt/bew/head|id}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|id}} {{Wt/bew/l|bew|ajal}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] [[Category:Wt/bew/WikiPerkawi 2025]] gp5gihk6lh12fd05pxkvkffaushjr8z 0 3606553 6685262 6674922 2025-06-13T14:35:10Z Sauit 2605150 6685262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Иван IV Васильевич |Ойуу = Ivan IV by anonim (18th c., GIM).jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 1530 ыргакта ыйын 25 |Өлбүт күнэ = 1584 һырай һылыйар ыйын 18 |Киһи үлэтэ = [[Wp/dlg/Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ|Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ]] }} '''Иван IV Васильевич''', '''Уордаак Иван''' ([[Wp/dlg/1530|1530]] [[Wp/dlg/Ыргакта ыйын 25|ыргакта ыйын 25]], Коломенское, [[Wp/dlg/Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата|Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата]] — [[Wp/dlg/1584|1584]] [[Wp/dlg/Һырай һылыйар ыйын 18|һырай һылыйар ыйын 18]] [һырай һылыйар ыйын 28], [[Wp/dlg/Москва|Москва]], Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата) — государь, Москва уонна Русь улуу кинээһэ, 1547 һылтан — Русь барытын [[Wp/dlg/Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ|царя]]. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1530 һылга төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Ыргакта ыйын 25 күнүгэр төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1584 һылга өлбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Һырай һылыйар ыйын 18 күнүгэр өлбүттэр]] {{INTERWIKI|Q7996}} tsaplvjrikgiuwrjp5yw57bnusxvfes 6685263 6685262 2025-06-13T14:35:55Z Sauit 2605150 Sauit moved page [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV Васильевич]] to [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV]] 6685262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Иван IV Васильевич |Ойуу = Ivan IV by anonim (18th c., GIM).jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 1530 ыргакта ыйын 25 |Өлбүт күнэ = 1584 һырай һылыйар ыйын 18 |Киһи үлэтэ = [[Wp/dlg/Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ|Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ]] }} '''Иван IV Васильевич''', '''Уордаак Иван''' ([[Wp/dlg/1530|1530]] [[Wp/dlg/Ыргакта ыйын 25|ыргакта ыйын 25]], Коломенское, [[Wp/dlg/Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата|Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата]] — [[Wp/dlg/1584|1584]] [[Wp/dlg/Һырай һылыйар ыйын 18|һырай һылыйар ыйын 18]] [һырай һылыйар ыйын 28], [[Wp/dlg/Москва|Москва]], Ньуучча һудаарыстыбата) — государь, Москва уонна Русь улуу кинээһэ, 1547 һылтан — Русь барытын [[Wp/dlg/Государь, Царь уонна Русь Улуу Кинээһэ|царя]]. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1530 һылга төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Ыргакта ыйын 25 күнүгэр төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1584 һылга өлбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Һырай һылыйар ыйын 18 күнүгэр өлбүттэр]] {{INTERWIKI|Q7996}} tsaplvjrikgiuwrjp5yw57bnusxvfes 10 3607111 6685520 6684735 2025-06-13T18:56:59Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تحديث 6685520 wikitext text/x-wiki == حزيران == {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/1 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/2 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/3 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/4 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/5 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/6 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/7 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/8 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/9 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/10 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/11 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/12 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران|true}} <noinclude> [[Category:Wp/apc/مناسبات مختارة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] </noinclude> 4p8u3x961eqyimwwzxtq37udvowll0t 6685967 6685520 2025-06-14T05:46:08Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تحديث 6685967 wikitext text/x-wiki == حزيران == {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/1 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/2 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/3 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/4 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/5 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/6 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/7 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/8 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/9 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/10 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/11 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/12 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران|true}} {{Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران|true}} <noinclude> [[Category:Wp/apc/مناسبات مختارة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] </noinclude> 4t3ugj4pyj8c16ozqj570vh2n6ah9zf 0 3607146 6686084 6674330 2025-06-14T07:09:50Z PanRebecca 2607266 6686084 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Photinus pyralis Firefly 3.jpg|thumb|aipuh]] [[File:Common Eastern Firefly (27858835340).jpg|thumb]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka aipuh. * 555555 ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 螢火蟲 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * firefly ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%9E%A2%E7%81%AB%E8%9F%B2 螢火蟲] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] 0zwzxe6yvxd5ap2wi81uu8p1a3cgens 6686085 6686084 2025-06-14T07:11:15Z Pazeh cykuo 2607267 /* 例句 */ 6686085 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Photinus pyralis Firefly 3.jpg|thumb|aipuh]] [[File:Common Eastern Firefly (27858835340).jpg|thumb]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka aipuh. * 5aadwd ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 螢火蟲 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * firefly ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%9E%A2%E7%81%AB%E8%9F%B2 螢火蟲] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] ftzbgc4pb8clrkc7ev9e495ngf1jbrs 6686086 6686085 2025-06-14T07:11:48Z Pazeh cykuo 2607267 6686086 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Photinus pyralis Firefly 3.jpg|thumb|aipuh]] [[File:Common Eastern Firefly (27858835340).jpg|thumb]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka aipuh. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 螢火蟲 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * firefly ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%9E%A2%E7%81%AB%E8%9F%B2 螢火蟲] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] g5gy8tcr1lmfre7x42q013l8pluq3q5 0 3607175 6686016 6674438 2025-06-14T06:12:16Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686016 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[sudara]] nyang [[mudaan]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Adê|pbat=3}} f8q96p4a3myyi51lfsqc92a21d500uc 0 3607176 6686017 6674529 2025-06-14T06:12:20Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686017 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} amparan bakal di [[Wt/bew/bawa|bawa]]; [[Wt/bew/lapis|lapis]] bawa ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Ales|pbat=9}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] 1w9t10rwc59n6w8y8noygobxj4szra3 0 3607183 6685996 6674471 2025-06-14T06:04:08Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685996 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-adv-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/jangan|jangan]] cuman [[Wt/bew/lantaran|lantaran]]; [[Wt/bew/mentang-mentang|mentang-mentang]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref |bat=Abong-abong|pbat=1 |vdw1=*ابڠ ābong-2|pvdw1=4 }} [[Category:Wt/bew]] n3yjofuwt9zrmlzgp2octfwa6jqvc7e 0 3607189 6686018 6674491 2025-06-14T06:12:24Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686018 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} tali deri serabut [[Wt/bew/puun|puun]] [[Wt/bew/gebang|gebang]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Agel|pbat=8}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] stueb0ftjzdlw4efckn6h7h8cidnano 0 3607193 6686019 6674506 2025-06-14T06:12:26Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686019 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/serangga|serangga]] kecit deri kuarga ''[[species:Nematocera|Nematocera]]'' ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Agas|pbat=8}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] 2x6g4hz0fxsy0c0i29bqmf7cgaap42h 0 3607194 6686020 6674513 2025-06-14T06:12:28Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686020 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang paling [[Wt/bew/ujung|ujung]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Achir|pbat=3}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] g9kf9ye9ivkmjwlrt5iy3pukvzfjwe4 0 3607195 6686022 6674514 2025-06-14T06:12:31Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686022 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} idup abis [[Wt/bew/mati|mati]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Achirat|pbat=3}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] scatsaf6kq5xuxd7r8rxr0f3b974ptr 0 3607198 6686023 6674525 2025-06-14T06:12:32Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686023 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} [[nutur]]; [[ngomplokin]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Alap|pbat=9}} je74uu956h3wglcv8jg0o0wnjdb0tei 0 3607199 6686024 6674533 2025-06-14T06:12:36Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686024 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/rurubin|rurubin]] (pendelengan) ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|alingan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|alingin}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|dialingin}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|kealingan}} * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|ngalingin}} {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Alieng|pbat=9}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] p1q8nphs309e27ekdue0oxvugxtav6o 0 3607201 6686025 6674535 2025-06-14T06:12:39Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686025 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} bagus punya [[Wt/bew/peruntungan|peruntungan]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Asehan|pbat=4}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] 7wbvsse8gvq4ctl3ct1jhckj80tbh9u 0 3607202 6686026 6674551 2025-06-14T06:12:42Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686026 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|astaga}} {{Wt/bew/q|pongèsan}} ====Asal-usul==== {{Wt/bew/bor+|bew|ar|-}} {{Wt/bew/l|ar|أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللّٰهَ|أستغفر الله}}. ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-inter-|bew}} ampun [[Wt/bew/Tuhan Allah|Tuhan Allah]]! ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Astaga-perlah|pbat=5}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] 8kgqc1ztjsnbjug8skkytp1agpei9g2 0 3607239 6686027 6674680 2025-06-14T06:12:44Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686027 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} kaga' [[Wt/bew/danta|danta]] punya omongan ====Setilah lorodan==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|ngaco}} ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Atjo|pbat=2}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] tppltbfk7x0to6nngclghhs8kkhbrp9 0 3607299 6685266 6674935 2025-06-13T14:36:31Z Sauit 2605150 Changed redirect target from [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV Васильевич]] to [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV]] 6685266 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV|Иван IV]] feap5prj62crcqbkqj3q3d5h404j96n 0 3607334 6685271 6675103 2025-06-13T14:37:49Z Sauit 2605150 6685271 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Лингуа франка нова''' (кылг. '''ЛФН'''; ''Lingua Franca Nova'', кылг. '''LFN''') — [[Wp/dlg/ИАШ|Америка]] психологынан, Дьордь Буре тэрийбит, аан дойду оӈоһуу тыла. Тыл лиэксикэтэ роман тыллар лиэксикэтинэн тутуллубут. Тыл грамматиката пиджин уонна креол тыллар принциптарынан тутуллар. Маӈнайгы, Лингуа франка нова тылынан һуруллубут, роман — La xerca per Pahoa, [[Wp/dlg/Висенте Косталаго|Висенте Косталаго]] һуруллуутунан, 2020-с һылга баар буолбута. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] {{INTERWIKI|Q146803}} clz8ssdqil6zvjkw7goj0awx0i5fx4b 6686146 6685271 2025-06-14T10:52:17Z Jon Gua 2593212 6686146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Лингуа франка нова''' (кылг. '''ЛФН'''; ''Lingua Franca Nova'', кылг. '''LFN''') — [[Wp/dlg/ИАШ|Америка]] психологынан, Дьордь Буре тэрийбит, аан дойду оӈоһуу тыла. Тыл лиэксикэтэ роман тыллар лиэксикэтинэн тутуллубут. Тыл грамматиката пиджин уонна креол тыллар принциптарынан тутуллар. Маӈнайгы, Лингуа франка нова тылынан һуруллубут, роман — La xerca per Pahoa, [[Wp/dlg/Висенте Косталаго|Висенте Косталаго]] һуруллуутунан, 2020-с һылга баар буолбута. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Лингуа франка нова]] {{INTERWIKI|Q146803}} r5tpos9s92hpm8mkzfvalzhkbvw39la 0 3607336 6686028 6675130 2025-06-14T06:12:46Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686028 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-prep-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/pasal|pasal]]; [[Wt/bew/ihwal|ihwal]] # {{Wt/bew/-prep-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/ama|ama]]; [[Wt/bew/ke|ke]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Akan|pbat=8}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] ooyh41ws2uezbmtseivgv4g7dqvq1ay 0 3607337 6686029 6675126 2025-06-14T06:12:47Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686029 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/opènin|opènin]] [[Wt/bew/piaraan|piaraan]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Angon|pbat=6}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] rumh1hmfsjmsyl3tr2jfug6oxb1gqav 0 3607341 6686030 6675140 2025-06-14T06:12:49Z Swarabakti 2526161 /* Ruju'an */ clean up, replaced: * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868 → {{Wt/bew/bew-ref, |entry= → |bat=, |page= → |pbat= 6686030 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/nongol|nongol]] lagi {{Wt/bew/gloss|punya penyakit èns.}} # {{Wt/bew/-adj-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/sèdèng|sèdèng]]; kaga' [[Wt/bew/èlingan|èlingan]] ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref|bat=Ang'ot|pbat=6}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] kdafbrgx37wbmz1apvcarwkn31zcije 0 3607349 6685248 6675170 2025-06-13T14:31:42Z Sauit 2605150 6685248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Екатерина II Алексеевна |Ойуу = Catherine II after Roslin, Rokotov (1780s, Kunsthistorisches Museum).jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 1729 таба эмийдир ыйын 21 |Өлбүт күнэ = 1796 күн түһэр ыйын 6 |Киһи үлэтэ = Ырактаагы }} '''Екатерина II Алексеевна''', өссүө '''Улуу Екатерина''' (төрүүрүгэр — '''София Августа Фредерика Ангальт-Цербстская'''; [[Wp/dlg/1729|1729]] [[Wp/dlg/Таба эмийдир ыйын 21|таба эмийдир ыйын 21]] [тугут төрүүр ыйын 2], [[Wp/dlg/Штеттин|Штеттин]], [[Wp/dlg/Пруссия|Пруссия]] — [[Wp/dlg/1796|1796]] [[Wp/dlg/Күн түһэр ыйын 6|күн түһэр ыйын 6]], [[Wp/dlg/Санкт-Петербург|Санкт-Петербург]], [[Wp/dlg/Россия империята|Россия империята]]) — Ырактаагы уонна Россия бүтүн Самодержеһа. Швед коруолун, Адольф Фридрих, балыһа. Пруссия коруолун, Улуу Фридрих, һиэн балыһа. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1729 һылга төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Таба эмийдир ыйын 21 күнүгэр төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1796 һылга төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Күн түһэр ыйын 6 күнүгэр төрөөбүттэр]] {{INTERWIKI|Q36450}} t3cpkf8hxhde2jkqim5xs914xb280ug 6685250 6685248 2025-06-13T14:31:56Z Sauit 2605150 Sauit moved page [[Wp/dlg/Екатерина II Алексеевна]] to [[Wp/dlg/Екатерина II]] 6685248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Екатерина II Алексеевна |Ойуу = Catherine II after Roslin, Rokotov (1780s, Kunsthistorisches Museum).jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 1729 таба эмийдир ыйын 21 |Өлбүт күнэ = 1796 күн түһэр ыйын 6 |Киһи үлэтэ = Ырактаагы }} '''Екатерина II Алексеевна''', өссүө '''Улуу Екатерина''' (төрүүрүгэр — '''София Августа Фредерика Ангальт-Цербстская'''; [[Wp/dlg/1729|1729]] [[Wp/dlg/Таба эмийдир ыйын 21|таба эмийдир ыйын 21]] [тугут төрүүр ыйын 2], [[Wp/dlg/Штеттин|Штеттин]], [[Wp/dlg/Пруссия|Пруссия]] — [[Wp/dlg/1796|1796]] [[Wp/dlg/Күн түһэр ыйын 6|күн түһэр ыйын 6]], [[Wp/dlg/Санкт-Петербург|Санкт-Петербург]], [[Wp/dlg/Россия империята|Россия империята]]) — Ырактаагы уонна Россия бүтүн Самодержеһа. Швед коруолун, Адольф Фридрих, балыһа. Пруссия коруолун, Улуу Фридрих, һиэн балыһа. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1729 һылга төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Таба эмийдир ыйын 21 күнүгэр төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/1796 һылга төрөөбүттэр]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Күн түһэр ыйын 6 күнүгэр төрөөбүттэр]] {{INTERWIKI|Q36450}} t3cpkf8hxhde2jkqim5xs914xb280ug 3 3607879 6686112 6677528 2025-06-14T08:42:56Z Hide on Rosé 2581447 Hide on Rosé moved page [[User talk:Noeruchangd]] to [[User talk:Noeruchan]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Noeruchangd|Noeruchangd]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Noeruchan|Noeruchan]]" 6677528 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:36, 7 June 2025 (UTC) p96khcippb76pyr41ofk3utevb5edan 0 3607978 6685363 6685195 2025-06-13T16:01:41Z IKHazarika 628806 /* ধ্ৰুপদী আৰু উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বৰ তুলনা */ 6685363 wikitext text/x-wiki এই পাঠ্যপুথিৰ পৰিচয়ত অৰ্থনীতিক "নিৰ্ণয়ৰ অধ্যয়ন" হিচাপে দাঙি ধৰা হৈছে। ব্যষ্টি অৰ্থনীতি, বিশেষতঃ, একক নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ নিৰ্ণয়ৰ অধ্যয়ন। সেয়ে, ব্যষ্টি অৰ্থনীতিৰ কেন্দ্ৰতে আছে '''নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্ব''' (Choice Theory), বা বিশেষভাৱে ক'বলৈ গ'লে, '''তৰ্কসংগত নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্ব''' (Rational Choice Theory)। ই এক অতিকৈ বহল আৰু অমূৰ্ত তত্ত্ব, যিয়ে যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ নিৰ্ণয়ক ব্যাখ্যা কৰিব বিচাৰে। সেই নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা কোন বা কি, কোনো মানুহ নে প্ৰতিষ্ঠান নে জন্তু নে যন্ত্ৰ, সেই কথাৰ ওপৰত গুৰুত্ব দিয়া নহয়। সেয়ে, এই তত্ত্ব অৰ্থনীতিৰ যিকোনো ক্ষেত্ৰতে প্ৰয়োগ কৰিব পৰা যায়: যেনে গ্ৰাহকে বজাৰত কেনেকৈ এই কথা নিৰ্ণয় কৰে যে কি কিনা উচিত বা কোনো দেশে কেনেকৈ নিৰ্ণয় কৰে আন দেশৰ ওপৰত যুদ্ধ ঘোষণা কৰিব লাগে নে নালাগে। অৰ্থনীতিৰ বিভিন্ন ভাগসমূহত যি যি তত্ত্ব ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়, তাৰ ভেঁটি এয়াই। পিচে এই তত্ত্ব আলোচনা কৰাৰ আগত, এই তত্ত্বই কি প্ৰশ্নৰনো উত্তৰ দিব বিচাৰে, সেই কথা আলোচনা কৰা উচিত। == আদৰ্শগত আৰু তথ্যগত অৰ্থনীতি == মানুহে কি দৰে নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে? কোনো প্ৰতিষ্ঠানে কি দৰে নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে? সমাজত দেখা দিয়া প্ৰায় প্ৰত্যেক বস্তুৰেই আঁৰত আছে বহু লোক আৰু প্ৰতিষ্ঠানে কৰা সৰু-দাঙৰ নিৰ্ণয়। সেয়ে সমাজক যদি তলৰ পৰা বুজাৰ চেষ্টা কৰা যায়, বা আমি যদি সমাজৰ ভৱিষ্যৎ অনুমান কৰিব বিচাৰোঁ, তেনে কৰিবলৈ সমাজত থকা বিভিন্ন মানুহ আৰু অনুষ্ঠানে কেনেদৰে প্ৰত্যেক নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে, সেই কথা জনা অতিকৈ গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ। এই প্ৰশ্ন বহু যুগৰে পৰা দাৰ্শনিক, সমাজ বিজ্ঞানী আদিয়ে ভাবি আহিছে। প্ৰাচীন আৰু মধ্যকালীন বিশ্বতো, এনে প্ৰশ্নৰ বিষয়ে অনেকে কথা পাতিছে। পিচে, এই প্ৰশ্নক প্ৰায় আন এটা প্ৰশ্নৰ সৈতে মিহলি কৰি দিয়া হৈছিল, যাৰ ফলত দুয়ো প্ৰশ্নৰে উত্তৰ পৃথকভাৱে পোৱা প্ৰায় অসম্ভৱ আছিল। সেই অন্য প্ৰশ্নটো হ'ল: কোনোৱে নিৰ্ণয় কেনেকৈ গ্ৰহণ কৰা উচিত? এই দ্বিতীয় প্ৰশ্নটো নিশ্চিয়েই "কোনোৱে নিৰ্ণয় কেনেকৈ গ্ৰহণ কৰে", সেই প্ৰশ্নৰ সৈতে সম্বন্ধিত। কিন্তু, দুয়ো প্ৰশ্ন পৃথক। কোনোৱে কেনেকৈ আৰু কি কৰিব লাগে, সেয়া হ'ল আদৰ্শগত (normative) প্ৰশ্ন। এনে প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ বৈজ্ঞানিকভাৱে দিয়া অসম্ভৱ, কাৰণ ই মূল্য-নিৰ্ণয়ৰ প্ৰশ্ন। সাধাৰণতে, সমাজত কাৰোবাৰ ভাল কৰিবলৈ গ'লে, আন কাৰোবাৰ ক্ষতি কৰিবলগীয়া হয়। এনে অৱস্থাত, চৰকাৰ, বা আন কোনোৱে কিবা নীতি নিৰ্ধাৰণ কৰোঁতে, নিয়মিতভাৱে এই কথা ভাবিব লাগে: কাৰোবাৰ কিমান লাভ হ'লে আন কাৰোবাৰ লোকচান গ্ৰহণীয় হ'ব? এনে প্ৰশ্ন অতিকৈ গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ, কিন্তু তথ্য আৰু বিজ্ঞানৰ মাধ্যমেৰে এনে প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ কেতিয়াও দিব পৰা নাযায়। দৰ্শনহে এনে প্ৰশ্ন সমাধান কৰাৰ একমাত্ৰ উপায়। প্ৰাচীন গ্ৰীচ দেশৰ এৰিষ্টটলে, খ্ৰীষ্টপূৰ্ব ৩০০ৰো আগতে, নিজৰ গ্ৰন্থ "Economics"ত এনে প্ৰশ্নৰেই উত্তৰ দিয়াৰ চেষ্টা কৰিছিল। প্ৰায় একেই সময়তে ভাৰতত চাণক্যই নিজৰ গ্ৰন্থ "অৰ্থশাস্ত্ৰ"ত একে ধৰণৰেই প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ দিছিল। প্ৰাচীন চীন দেশৰ চুৱাংজুৱেও এনে প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ দিয়াৰ চেষ্টা কৰিছিল। পিচে, প্ৰাচীন বা মধ্যকালীন বিশ্বৰ কোনো জনপ্ৰিয় চিন্তাবিদে আনটো প্ৰশ্নৰ ওপৰত বিস্তৃতভাৱে আলোচনা কৰি থৈ যোৱা নাই: কোনোৱে যি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে, সেই নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে কিয়? এই প্ৰশ্ন এটা তথ্যগত প্ৰশ্ন (positive)। এনে প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ বৈজ্ঞানিকভাৱে উত্তৰ দিয়াৰ চেষ্টা কৰিব পৰা যায়। কোনোৱে কি কাৰণত আৰু কেনেকৈ বাস্তৱত নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে, সেই কথাৰ উত্তৰ দিবলৈ যদি আমি কোনো তত্ত্ব বিকশিত কৰোঁ, তেন্তে সেই তত্ত্বৰ পৰা আমি অনুমান (prediction) কৰিব পাৰোঁ। সেই অনুমান বাস্তৱত সত্য হয় নে নহয়, সেই কথা আমি তথ্য জমা কৰি পৰীক্ষা কৰি চাব পাৰোঁ। যদি কোনো তত্ত্বৰ অনুমান সাধাৰণতঃ সঁচা প্ৰমাণিত হয়, তেন্তে সেই তত্ত্বৰ সত্যাসত্যৰ ওপৰত আমি অধিক বিশ্বাস কৰিব পাৰোঁ। এনে প্ৰশ্ন কৰা এগৰাকী অগ্ৰিম চিন্তাবিদ আছিল আৰব সমাজ বিজ্ঞানী ইব্‌ন খাল্ডুন। তেওঁ সমাজ বিজ্ঞানৰ আদ্য-বৈজ্ঞানিক উত্তৰ দিয়াৰ চেষ্টা কৰিছিল। তেওঁ কেৱল এই কথা জানিব বিচৰা নাছিল যে সমাজত কি হোৱা উচিত। তেওঁ জানিব বিচাৰিছিল সমাজত যিয়েই হয়, সেয়া কিয় হয়। স্কটিছ চিন্তাবিদ এডম স্মিথেও এনে প্ৰশ্ন কৰিছিল, আৰু তাৰ বিস্তৃতভাৱে উত্তৰ দিয়াৰ চেষ্টা কৰিছিল। নিজৰ গ্ৰন্থ "An Enquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations"ত তেওঁ শুধিছিল: কিয় কিছু কিছু দেশ আন দেশতকৈ অধিক ধনী হয়? তেওঁৰ উত্তৰ তথ্য আৰু যুক্তিৰ লগতে কল্পনাৰ সৈতে মিশ্ৰিত আছিল। তেওঁ যুক্তি দাঙি ধৰিছিল, যে প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদে কোনো দেশক চহকী কৰি নোতোলে। কোনো দেশক চহকী কৰা মূল কাৰণটো হ'ল শ্ৰমৰ বিভাজন। তেওঁ অৰ্থনীতিৰ এক বিকেন্দ্ৰিত আৰ্হি দাঙি ধৰিছিল। য'দি কোনো অৰ্থব্যৱস্থাত কোনো কেন্দ্ৰীয় নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা (central planner বা dictator) নাথাকেও, তেতিয়াও, নিজা নিজা কাম নিজে নিজে কৰি মানুহে এখন চহকী সমাজ সহজেই নিৰ্মাণ কৰি ল'ব পাৰে। ই ভাবিবলৈ গ'লে এক আচৰিক উপলব্ধি। কল্পনা কৰক, এখন বিয়াৰ ঘৰ। সকলো সা-সৰঞ্জাম কৰিব লাগে, কিন্তু কোনো এনে ব্যক্তি নাই যিয়ে সকলো কামৰ সমন্বয়তা নিশ্চিত কৰিছে, কোনো wedding planner নাই, আন কি ঘৰৰ কোনো ব্যক্তিয়েও সেই ভূমিকা পালন কৰা নাই। সকলোৱে নিজ ইচ্ছা মতে যি বিচাৰিছে তাকেই কৰিছে। তথাপিও বিয়াখন ভালে-কুশলে অনুষ্ঠিত হৈ যোৱা সম্ভৱ নে? এতিয়া গোটেই অৰ্থব্যৱস্থাৰ কথা ভাবক। যদি অৰ্থব্যৱস্থাৰ কোনো planner নাই, তেন্তে অৰ্থব্যৱস্থাখন সুকলমে চলি যাব নে? স্মিথে কৈছে, সকলো ভালে কুশলেই থাকিব! কিন্তু কেনেকৈ? আৰু কিয়? সেই কথা বুজিবলৈ আমি জানিব লাগিব প্ৰত্যেক ব্যক্তিয়ে কি কাম কৰিব আৰু কিয়। সেয়ে, অৰ্থনীতিৰ কেন্দ্ৰতে থাকিব লাগিব ব্যক্তিগত নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কেনেকৈনো কোনোৱে কৰে, সেই কথা বুজোৱা এক তত্ত্ব। আধুনিক অৰ্থনীতিয়ে আদৰ্শগত আৰু তথ্যগত দুয়ো প্ৰকাৰৰেই প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ দিব বিচাৰে। এই সকলোৰে ভেঁটিতে পিচে একেই তত্ত্ব আছে। সেই তত্ত্বই এই পাঠত আলোচনা কৰা হ'ব। == মূল সাঁচ == ধৰি লওক এটি '''নিৰ্ণয় পৰিৱেশ''' আছে, অৰ্থাৎ, এগৰাকী নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা আছে যিয়ে কোনো পৰিস্থিতিত কোনো নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিব লাগে। যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয় পৰিৱেশৰ ৩টা অংগ থাকে। প্ৰথমটো হ'ল '''নিৰ্ণয় সংহতি''': কি কি বিকল্প নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই উপলব্ধি (বা কল্পনা) কৰিব পাৰে। গাণিতিকভাৱে, ই এটি সংহতি, <math>X</math>। এই সংহতিত কি কি আছে সেয়া আমাৰ বাবে বৰ্তমানে গুৰুত্বহীন। পাছলৈ যেতিয়া নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্ব বিশেষ বিশেষ বিষয়ত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হ'ব, তেতিয়াহে <math>X</math>ৰ সদস্যনো কি, সেয়া আমাৰ বাবে গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ হ'ব। তাৰ পাছত আহে '''সাধ্য সংহতি <math>B</math>''': যি যি বিকল্প কল্পনা কৰিব পৰা যায়, তাৰ মাজত কি কি বিকল্প বাস্তৱত নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ বাবে সাধ্য, অৰ্থাৎ, বাস্তৱত নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা চয়ন কৰাৰ সমৰ্থ। মন কৰক, যে কোনো নিৰ্ণয় পৰিৱেশৰ নিৰ্ণয় সংহতি এটাই, কিন্তু সাধ্য সংহতি সলনি হৈ থাকিব পাৰে। উদাহৰণ স্বৰূপে, কোনো উপভোক্তা কোনো দোকানলৈ গ'লে, উপলব্ধ সামগ্ৰী একেই থাকিব পাৰে, কিন্তু তাৰ মাজৰ পৰা কি কি সামগ্ৰী সাধ্য, সেয়া ক্ৰেতাৰ জেপত কিমান টকা আছে, তাৰ ওপৰত নিৰ্ভৰ কৰিব। সেয়ে, '''সাধ্য সংহতিৰ সংহতি''', বা ভিন ভিন পৰিস্থিতিত কি কি বস্তু সাধ্য হ'ব পাৰে, সেই সংহতিসমূহৰ সংহতি (set of sets) এটি গুৰুত্বপুৰ্ণ ধাৰণা। ধৰি লওক এই সংহতিৰ সংহতি <math>\bar B</math>। তৃতীয় অংগটো হৈছে '''নিৰ্ণয় ফলন''': সাধ্য বিকল্পসমূহৰ মাজৰ পৰা নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কেতিয়া কি চয়ন কৰিব, তাৰ নিয়ম। এই ফলন হ'ল <math>\chi : \bar B \rightarrow 2^X - \{ \phi \}</math>, <math>\chi (B) \subseteq B \forall B \in \bar B</math>। অৰ্থাৎ, যিকোনো সাধ্য সংহতিৰ মাজৰ পৰা নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কি কি বিকল্প চয়ন সম্ভৱতঃ কৰিব, তাৰ সংহতি এই ফলনৰ মাধ্যমেৰে জানিব পৰা যায়। ইয়াৰ বিষয়ে পাছত বিস্তৃতভাৱে আলোচনা কৰা হ'ব। === চয়ন সংহতি আৰু সাধ্য সংহতি === বৰ্তমানে, কেইটামান উদাহৰণেৰে এই <math>X</math> আৰু <math>B</math> সংহতিত ভিন ভিন পৰিস্থিতিত কি কি থাকিব পাৰে, সেয়া জানো আহক: ১। ধৰি লওক নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা এগৰাকী মতদাতা আৰু নিৰ্বাচনত যিকোনো নাগৰিকে প্ৰতিদ্বন্দ্বিতা কৰিব পাৰে। তেন্তে <math>X = \{</math>সকলো নাগৰিক<math>\}</math>। বাস্তৱত হয়টো কেৱল তিনি চাৰিজন মানেহে প্ৰতিদ্বন্দ্বিতা কৰিছে। তেন্তে <math>B = \{</math>মহেন্দ্ৰ মোদী, ৰাহুল গন্ধৰ্ব, অৰবিন্দ মহিপাল<math>\}</math> বা <math>B = \{</math>মহেন্দ্ৰ মোদী, ৰাহুল গন্ধৰ্ব, মনোজ বেনাৰ্জী<math>\}</math> আদি। কি কি সাধ্য সংহতি এনে বিভিন্ন পৰিস্থিতিত সম্ভৱ? যিহেতু আইনমতে যিকোনো নাগৰিকে নিৰ্বাচনত যুঁজ দিব পাৰে, সেয়ে, <math>\bar B = 2^X</math>, অৰ্থাৎ, <math>X</math>ৰ সকলো উপ-সংহতিৰ সংহতি বা power set। ২। ধৰি লওক এগৰাকী ছাত্ৰ শেহতীয়াকৈ দ্বাদশ শ্ৰেণীৰ পৰীক্ষাত উত্তীৰ্ণ হৈছে। তেওঁ এখন কলেজত নামভৰ্তি কৰিব বিচাৰিছে য'ত এই বিষয়সমূহ পঢ়োৱা হয়: <math>X = \{</math>পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান, ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান, ভূ বিজ্ঞান, প্ৰাণী বিজ্ঞান আৰু উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞান, কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>। সাধ্য সংহতি কি হ'ব পাৰে? ধৰি লওক কোনো বিষয় চয়ন কৰিবলৈ দ্বাদশ শ্ৰেণীৰ গণিত বিষয়ত নিম্নতম কিছু অংক পাব লাগিব। ভূ বিজ্ঞান আৰু উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞানৰ বাবে ধৰি লওক অন্ততঃ ৪০ নম্বৰ, ভূ বিজ্ঞানৰ বাবে ৬০ নম্বৰ আৰু পদাৰ্থ আৰু ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞানৰ বাবে ৮০ নম্বৰ। তেন্তে, ভিন ভিন পৰিস্থিতিত কি কি সাধ্য সংহতি সম্ভৱ? যদি ছাত্ৰগৰাকীয়ে ৪০তকৈ কম নম্বৰ পাইছে গণিত বিষয়ত, তেন্তে <math>B = \{</math>কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>, কোনো বিষয়েই সাধ্য নহয়। ৪০ বা তাতোকৈ অধিক কিন্তু ৬০তকৈ কম হ'লে <math>B = \{</math>প্ৰাণী বিজ্ঞান, উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞান, কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>। ৬০ বা তাতকৈ অধিক কিন্তু ৮০তকৈ কম হ'লে <math>B = \{</math>প্ৰাণী বিজ্ঞান, উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞান, ভূ বিজ্ঞান, কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>। যদি নম্বৰ ৮০ বা তাতোকৈ অধিক, তেন্তে <math>B = \{</math>পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান, ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান, ভূ বিজ্ঞান, প্ৰাণী বিজ্ঞান আৰু উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞান, কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>। সেয়ে, সম্ভৱ সাধ্য সংহতিৰ সংহতি হ'ল: <math>\bar B = \{ \{ </math>কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>, <math>\{</math>প্ৰাণী বিজ্ঞান, উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞান, কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>, <math>\{</math>প্ৰাণী বিজ্ঞান, উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞান, ভূ বিজ্ঞান, কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\}</math>, <math>\{</math>পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান, ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান, ভূ বিজ্ঞান, প্ৰাণী বিজ্ঞান আৰু উদ্ভিদ বিজ্ঞান, কোনো বিষয় নোলোৱা<math>\} \}</math>। ৩। ধৰি লওক এগৰাকী ছাত্ৰ দশম শ্ৰেণীৰ পৰীক্ষাত উত্তীৰ্ণ হৈছে। তেওঁৰ বিদ্যালয়ে একাদশ শ্ৰেণীত এই বিষয়কেইটা আগবঢ়ায়: <math>S = \{</math>গণিত, পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান, জীৱ বিজ্ঞান, ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান, ইংৰাজী, অসমীয়া<math>\} = \{M, P, B, C, E, A \}</math>। তেওঁ ইয়াৰে যিকোনো ৫টা বিষয় পঢ়িব লাগিব। তেন্তে, <math>X = \{ \{M, P, C, B \}, \{M, P, C, E \}, \{M, P, C, A \}, \{M, P, B, E \}, </math> <math>\{M, P, B, A \}, \{M, P, E, A \}, \{ M, C, B, E \}, \{ M, C, E, A \}, </math> <math>\{M, B, E, A \}, \{ P, C, B, E\}, \{P, C, B, A\}, \{P, C, E, A \}, \{C, B, E, A \} \}</math>। অৰ্থাৎ, যিহেতু ছাত্ৰগৰকীয়ে ৪টা বিষয় ল'ব লাগিব: বেছিও ল'ব নোৱাৰে কমো নোৱাৰে, সেয়ে <math>X</math> হ'ল <math>S</math>ৰ মাজৰ পৰা চয়ন কৰিব পৰা যিকোনো ৪টা বিষয়ৰ সংহতিৰ সংহতি। সাধ্য সংহতি কি হ'ব? ধৰি লওক নিয়ম অনুযায়ী অসমীয়া আৰু ইংৰাজীৰ বিষয় লোৱা বাধ্যতামূলক। তদুপৰি, গণিত ল'বলৈ দশম শ্ৰেণীৰ গণিতৰ পৰীক্ষাত ৯০ বা তাতকৈ অধিক নম্বৰ পাব লাগে আৰু পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান ল'বলৈ অন্ততঃ ৮০ পাব লাগে। তেন্তে, যদি দশম শ্ৰেণীৰ গণিতৰ নম্বৰ ৯০ বা তাতকৈ অধিক, <math>B_1 = \{ \{E, A, P, C \}, \{E, A, P, B \}, \{E, A, P, M \}, </math> <math>\{E, A, C, B \}, \{E, A, C, M \}, \{E, A, B, M \} \}</math>। অৰ্থাৎ, ই এনে যিকোনো ৪টা বিষয়ৰ সংহতিৰ সংহতি, য'ত ইংৰাজী আৰু অসমীয়া বাধ্যতামূলকভাৱে আছে। যদি দশম শ্ৰেণীৰ গণিতৰ নম্বৰ ৮০তকৈ অধিক কিন্তু ৯০তকৈ কম, তেন্তে <math>B_2 = \{ \{E, A, P, C \}, \{E, A, P, B \}, </math> <math>\{E, A, C, B \} \}</math>। ছাত্ৰজনে ইংৰাজী আৰু অসমীয়া ল'বই লাগিব, আৰু গণিতৰ বাহিৰে যিকোনো দুটা বিষয় ল'ব লাগিব। যদি দশম শ্ৰেণীৰ গণিতৰ নম্বৰ ৮০তকৈ কম, তেন্তে <math>B_3 = \{ \{ E, A, C, B \} \}</math>। অৰ্থাৎ, ছাত্ৰজনৰ ওচৰত কেৱল এটা উপায় আছে: ইংৰাজী, অসমীয়া, ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান আৰু জীৱ বিজ্ঞান লোৱা। সেয়ে, <math>\bar B = \{ </math><math>\{ \{E, A, P, C \}, \{E, A, P, B \}, \{E, A, P, M \}, </math> <math>\{E, A, C, B \}, \{E, A, C, M \}, \{E, A, B, M \} \}</math>, <math>\{ \{E, A, P, C \}, \{E, A, P, B \}, </math> <math>\{E, A, C, B \} \}</math>, <math>\{ \{ E, A, C, B \} \} = \{B_1, B_2, B_3 \}</math>। ৪। ধৰি লওক এগৰাকী গ্ৰাহক বজাৰকৈ গৈছে, পানী, গাখীৰ আৰু তেল কিনিবলৈ। তেন্তে <math>X</math> হ'ব তেওঁ ভিন ভিন পৰিমাণত এই তিনি সামগ্ৰী কিনাৰ কেনেকৈ কল্পনা কৰিব পাৰে, তাৰ কল্পনা। <math>X = \{(x_1, x_2, x_3) | x_1 \geq 0, x_2 \geq 0, x_3 \geq 0 \} = R^3_+</math>, য'ত প্ৰথমটো সংখ্যাই কেই লিটাৰ পানী, দ্বিতীয়টোৱে কেই লিটাৰ গাখীৰ আৰু তৃতীয়টোৱে কেই লিটাৰ তেল ক্ৰয় কৰা হ'ব, সেই কথা দৰ্শায়। পিচে, ধৰি লওক, পানী, গাখীৰ আৰু তেলৰ দাম, প্ৰতি লিটাৰ, ১০, ২০ আৰু ৪০ টকা। যদি মানুহজনৰ হাতত কেৱল ১০০ টকাহে আছে, আৰু কাৰোৰে পৰা ধাৰ লোৱা সম্ভৱ নহয়, তেন্তে <math>B = \{(x_1, x_2, x_3) \in R^3_+ | 10x_1 + 20x_2 + 40x_3 \leq 100 \}</math>। যদি পানীৰ দাম ৫ টকা প্ৰতি লিটাৰলৈ অৱনমিত হয়, তেন্তে, <math>B = \{(x_1, x_2, x_3) \in R^3_+ | 5x_1 + 20x_2 + 40x_3 \leq 100 \}</math>। আৰু যদি মানুহ জনৰ আয় ২০০ টকালৈ বৃদ্ধি পায় তেন্তে <math>B = \{(x_1, x_2, x_3) \in R^3_+ | 5x_1 + 20x_2 + 40x_3 \leq 200 \}</math>। এক প্ৰকাৰে, যদি দামকেইটা এই মূল্য সদিশে দিয়ে: <math>p = (p_1, p_2, p_3)</math> আৰু পৰিমাণ এই পৰিমাণ সদিশে: <math>x = (x_1, x_2, x_3)</math>, তেন্তে সাধ্য সংহতি হ'ব <math>B(p, M) = \{x \in R^3_+ | p \cdot x \leq M \}</math>। তেন্তে, সাধ্য সংহতিৰ সংহতি কি হ'ব? <math>\bar B = \{ B(p, M) | p >> 0, M \geq 0 \}</math>, অৰ্থাৎ, যিকোনো ধনাত্মক মূল্য সদিশ আৰু অ-ঋণাত্মক আয়ৰ পৰা উদয় হ'ব পৰা সাধ্য সংহতি। উপৰ্যুক্ত উদাহৰণকেইটাই এই কথা দৰ্শায় যে নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্ব কিমান বহল: বজাৰত নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰা উপভোক্তাৰ পৰা বিষয় চয়ন কৰা ছাত্ৰ আৰু নিৰ্বাচনত ভোট দিয়া মতদাতলৈকে সকলোৰে নিৰ্ণয়ৰ অধ্যয়ন নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্বৰ মাধ্যমেৰে কৰিব পৰা যায়। উপৰ্যুক্ত উদাহৰণকেইটাৰ পৰা <math>X</math> আৰু <math>B</math>ৰ চৰিত্ৰৰ বিষয়েও অধিক বুজিব পৰা যায়। প্ৰথমে, <math>X</math> হ'ল ''সকলো'' কল্পনা কৰিব পৰা বিকল্পৰ সংহতি। সেয়ে, যদি "একো চয়ন নকৰা" এটি বিকল্প হয়, তেন্তে তাৰ অৰ্থ এয়া নহয় যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই <math>X</math>ৰ পৰা একো চয়ন নকৰিলে, ইয়াৰ অৰ্থ হ'ল "আন কোনো বিকল্প চয়ন নকৰা" বিকল্পটোও <math>X</math>ৰেই সদস্য, আৰু নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই সেই বিকল্প চয়ন কৰিব পাৰে। দ্বিতীয়টো উদাহৰণত ছাত্ৰগৰাকীয়ে যিকোনো বিষয় চয়ন নকৰাৰ সম্ভাৱনা আছে বাবে সেই বিকল্পও <math>X</math>ৰ সদস্য ৰূপে তালিকাত অন্তৰ্ভুক্ত কৰা হৈছে। পিচে, প্ৰথমটো উদাহৰণত <math>X</math> হ'ল সকলো নাগৰিকৰ সংহতিহে: তাৰ অৰ্থ হ'ল মতদাতাই কাৰোবাক নহয় কাৰোবাক ভোট দিবই লাগিব। কাকো ভোট নিদিয়াৰ সম্ভাৱনীয়তা তেওঁৰ বাবে কল্পনাৰো বাহিৰৰ কথা। যদি তেওঁ সঁচাকৈ কাকো ভোট নিদিয়াৰ কথা ভাবিব পাৰে, তেন্তে "ঘৰতে বহি থকা" বিকল্পটোও <math>X</math>ত দাখিল কৰিব লাগিব। সেয়ে <math>X</math> হ'ব <math>\{</math>সকলো নাগৰিক<math>\} \cup \{</math>কাকো ভোট নিদিয়া<math>\}</math>। ভোট দিয়া বাধ্যতামূলক হয় নে নহয়, তাৰ ওপৰত নিৰ্ভৰ কৰি অৰ্থনীতিবিদে <math>X</math> কি সেয়া চিন্তা কৰিব। দ্বিতীয়তে, <math>X</math> নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ কল্পনাৰ ওপৰত নিৰ্ভৰ কৰে। নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্বৰ উদ্দেশ্য চয়ন ব্যৱহাৰ ব্যাখ্যা কৰা। যিহেতু যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই চয়ন নিজৰ কল্পনা আৰু বুজাবুজিৰ ভিত্তিতহে কৰিব, বাস্তৱৰ লগত সেই বুজাবুজি সন্মত হওক বা নহওক, সেয়ে অৰ্থনীতিবিদে কল্পনা কৰা বিকল্পসমূহকহে প্ৰাধান্য দিয়ে। ধৰি লওক এটি শিশুৱে যিকোনো এগৰাকী তাৰকাক নিজৰ জন্মদিনৰ বাবে আমন্ত্ৰিত কৰিব পাৰে। যদি শিশুটোৱে ভাবে যে ব্ৰুচ ৱেইন আৰু বেটমেন বেলেগ বেলেগ মানুহ, তেন্তে <math>X</math>ত এই দুই বস্তুক পৃথকে অন্তৰ্ভুক্ত কৰিব লাগিব। কাৰণ যদিও ব্ৰুচ ৱেইন আৰু বেটমেন একেজন ব্যক্তিয়েই, শিশুটিয়ে সেই কথা নাজানে, আৰু সেয়ে, তাৰ নিৰ্ণয় ব্যৱহাৰ দুয়ো পৃথক বুলি ভবা বুজাবুজিয়েহে নিৰ্ণিত কৰিব। আন হাতে, যদিও টনি ষ্টাৰ্ক আৰু স্পাইডাৰ মেন বেলেগ বেলেগ মানুহ, যদি শিশুটিয়ে দুয়োকে একেই ব্যক্তি গণ্য কৰে, তেন্তে <math>X</math>ত দুয়োৰে বাবে এটাহে মাথো সদস্য অন্তৰ্ভুক্ত কৰা হ'ব। === চয়ন ফলন === যিহেতু আমি ইতিমধ্যে <math>X</math> আৰু <math>B</math>ৰ সংজ্ঞা আৰু গুণাগুণ বুজি উঠিছোঁ, আমি চয়ন ফলন <math>\chi</math>ক ভালকৈ বুজাৰ অৱস্থাত অৱতীৰ্ণ হৈছোঁ। গাণিতিকভাৱে, <math>\chi : \bar B \rightarrow 2^X - \{\phi\}</math>। অৰ্থাৎ, চয়ন ফলনে যিকোনো এটা নিৰ্ণয় সংহতি গ্ৰহণ কৰে আৰু আমাক কেইটামান বিকল্প ঘূৰাই দিয়ে। <math>\forall B\in \bar B, \chi(B) \subseteq B</math>, অৰ্থাৎ, যিকোনো সাধ্য সংহতিৰ বাবে, <math>\chi</math>এ আমাক সেই সংহতিৰেই কেইটামান সদস্য দিয়ে, সাধ্য সংহতিৰ বাহিৰৰ কোনো সদস্য নিদিয়ে। তেন্তে, কি এই চয়ন ফলনে দিয়া বিকল্পসমূহ? এই বিকল্পসমূহ সেই বিকল্প, যি নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই ''সম্ভৱতঃ চয়ন কৰিব''। অৰ্থাৎ, যি যি বিকল্প নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ বাবে সাধ্য, তাৰ মাজৰ পৰ কি কি বিকল্প তেওঁ বাস্তৱত সম্ভৱতঃ চয়ন কৰিব, সেয়াই চয়ন ফলনে আমাক কয়। উদাহৰণ স্বৰূপে, ধৰি লওক এটি খেলত, খেলুৱৈয়ে B = {ওপৰ, তল, বাওঁ, সোঁ}, এই চাৰিটাৰ মাজত এটা বিকল্প চয়ন কৰিব লাগে। তদুপৰি, ধৰি লওক <math>\chi (B) = \{</math>বাওঁ, সোঁ<math>\}</math>। তাৰ অৰ্থ হ'ল, এনে পৰিস্থিতিত অৰ্থনীতিবিদজনে অনুমান কৰিছে যে খেলুৱৈজনে বাওঁ বা সোঁৰ মাজতহে এটা বিকল্প চয়ন কৰিব। হয়টো খেলুৱৈয়ে এনে পৰিস্থিতিত কেতিয়াবা বাওঁ আৰু কেতিয়াবা সোঁ চয়ন কৰিব, বা হয়টো সদায়েই বাওঁহে চয়ন কৰিব, বা সদায়েই সোঁহে চয়ন কৰিব। কিন্তু এই কথা নিশ্চিত যে খেলুৱৈজনে এনে পৰিস্থিতিত কেতিয়াও ওপৰ বা তল চয়ন নকৰে। তদুপৰি, মন কৰক, যে <math>\chi</math>ৰ মূল্য <math>2^X - \{\phi\}</math>ৰ মাজৰ পৰা হ'ব। অৰ্থাৎ, চয়ন ফলনে কেতিয়াও এনে অনুমান প্ৰদান নকৰে যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কোনো বিকল্পৰেই চয়ন নকৰিব (<math>\phi</math> কেতিয়াও <math>\chi</math>ৰ মূল্য হ'ব নোৱাৰে)। ইয়াৰ কাৰণ উপৰ্যুক্ত ভাগত আলোচনা কৰা হৈছেই। <math>X</math>ক সংজ্ঞায়িতই এনেদৰে কৰা হৈছে, যে যদি কোনো পৰিস্থিতিত "একো চয়ন নকৰা"ৰ অৱকাশ থাকে, তেন্তে "আন একো চয়ন নকৰা" বিকল্পটোও <math>X</math>ৰেই সদস্য হিচাপে অন্তৰ্ভুক্ত কৰা উচিত (যিদৰে ওপৰৰ দ্বিতীয় উদাহৰণত কৰা হৈছে)। সেয়ে, তেনে পৰিস্থিতিত, যদি নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই "একো চয়ন নকৰে", তেন্তে <math>\chi(B) \neq \phi</math>, বৰং, <math>\chi(B) = \{</math>আন কোনো বিকল্প চয়ন নকৰা<math>\}</math>। == ব্যৱহাৰ অনুমান কৰা == উপৰ্যুক্ত বিভাগত তৰ্কসংগত নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্বৰ মূল ধাৰণাকেইটা বিকশিত কৰা হ'ল। <math>X</math>, <math>B</math> আৰু <math>\chi</math>ৰ মাধ্যমেৰে আমি যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয় পৰিৱেশৰ বিৱৰণ দিব পাৰোঁ। গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণভাৱে, ই আমাক যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয় পৰিৱেশত থকা কেইবাশ গুণাগুণৰ মাজৰ পৰা কেৱল ৩টা গুণাগুণতহে মন দিবলৈ বাধ্য কৰে: যি তিনিটা গুণাগুণহে হয়টো বাস্তৱত নিৰ্ণয়ক প্ৰভাৱিত কৰে। সেয়ে, এক প্ৰকাৰে, ই নিৰ্ণয়ৰ এক পৰিস্কাৰ ধাৰণা ৰখাত আমাক সহায় কৰে। পিচে, এই তিনিটা ধাৰণাৰে আমি কেৱল নিৰ্ণয় ব্যৱহাৰৰ বিৱৰণহে দিব পাৰোঁ। কোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই গ্ৰহণ কৰা নিৰ্ণয়ৰ পৰ্যবেক্ষণ কৰি আমি তাক নথিবদ্ধ কৰিব পাৰোঁ মাথো। যেনে, ধৰি লওক এঠাইত ভোজ অনুষ্ঠিত হৈছে। গৃহস্থই আলহীক ভিন ভিন প্ৰকাৰৰ লাড়ু আগবঢ়াইছে। আমাৰ অৰ্থনীতিবিদজনে চকু মাৰি চাই দেখিছে যে এইকেইটা লাড়ুৰ মাজৰ পৰাহে দিছে: <math>X = \{</math>তিল, নাৰিকল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\}</math>। তেওঁ দেখিছে যে গৃহস্থই তিল আৰু নাৰিকলৰ লাড়ু ৰামলৈ বুলি আগবঢ়ালে, আৰু আলহী ৰামে তিলৰ লাড়ুটোলৈহে হাত আগবঢ়ালে। অৰ্থনীতিবিদজনে মনত ৰাখিলে: <math>\chi(\{</math>তিল, নাৰিকল<math>\}) \supseteq \{ </math>তিল<math>\}</math>। তেনেতে, ৰামৰ হাতখনে তিলৰ লাড়ুটো ঢুকি পোৱাৰ আগতেই, আন এজন আলহীয়ে হাত আগবঢ়াই নাৰিকলৰ লাড়ুটো খাই পেলালে। গৃহস্থাই লগে লগে লাজ পাই গম আৰু বুন্দিয়াৰ লাড়ুকেইটাও ৰামৰ বাবে উলিয়াই দিলে। ৰামে হাতৰ দিশ সলাই গমৰ লাড়ুটোহে খাবলৈ ল'লে। অৰ্থনীতিবিদজনে মনত ৰাখিলে, <math>\chi(\{</math>তিল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\}) \supseteq \{</math>গম<math>\}</math>। সেয়ে, তৰ্কসংগত নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্বৰ ভাষা ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি, তেওঁ দেখা পোৱা নিৰ্ণয়সমূহ লিপিবদ্ধ কৰি ৰাখিব পাৰিছে। আনে আন কথা পাতিবলৈ লওঁতে, পিচে, তেওঁ ভাবিবলৈ লৈছে: যদি আনজন আলহীয়ে নাৰিকলৰ ঠাইত তিলৰ লাড়ুটো খাই পেলালেহেতেন, তেতিয়াও ৰামে গমৰ লাড়ুটোৱেই খালেহেতেন নে আন কোনো এটা লাড়ু খালে হেতেন? গাণিতিকভাৱে ক'বলৈ গ'লে, প্ৰশ্নটো হ'ল, <math>\chi(\{</math>নাৰিকল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\})</math> কি? বৰ্তমানলৈকে আমি যি যি ধাৰণা বিকশিত কৰিছোঁ, তাৰ মাধ্যমেৰে এনে প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ দিয়া অসম্ভৱ। অৰ্থাৎ, বৰ্তমানলৈকে শিকা ধাৰণাৰে কেৱল ইতিমধ্যে পৰ্যবেক্ষণ কৰা নিৰ্ণয়সমূহ লিপিবদ্ধহে কৰি ৰাখিব পৰা যায়। আগতে পৰ্যবেক্ষণ নকৰা পৰিস্থিতিত নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিব, তাৰ অনুমান কৰাৰ ক্ষমতা আমাৰ নাই। বিজ্ঞানৰ দাৰ্শনিক কাৰ্ল পপাৰৰ মতে, এই ক্ষমতাই বৈজ্ঞানিক আৰু অ-বৈজ্ঞানিক তত্ত্বৰ মাজত পাৰ্থক্য নিৰ্ণিত কৰে। অ-বৈজ্ঞানিক তত্ত্বই কেৱল পৰিস্থিতিৰ বিৱৰণ আগবঢ়াব পাৰে, কিন্তু বৈজ্ঞানিক তত্ত্বই ইতিমধ্যে নেদেখা পৰিস্থিতিত কি হ'ব পাৰে, তাৰ অনুমান আগবঢ়ায়। যদিও কি বৈজ্ঞানিক আৰু কি অ-বৈজ্ঞানিক, তাৰ কোনো নিশ্চিত নিয়ম নাই, ব্যৱহাৰিকভাৱে এই চৰ্তই প্ৰায় বৈজ্ঞানিক তত্ত্ব চিহ্নিত কৰিবলৈ আতাইতকৈ অধিক ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। সেই মাপ-কাঠি অনুযায়ী, আমি এতিয়ালৈকে প্ৰাৰম্ভিক ভাষা এটাহে তৈয়াৰ কৰিছোঁ: অনুমান কৰা ক্ষমতা বিকাশ কৰিহে আমাৰ তত্ত্বক অৰ্থ প্ৰদান কৰিব পৰা যাব। তৰ্কসংগত নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্বক অনুমান-ক্ষম কৰিবলৈ ঐতিহাসিকভাৱে তিনিটা দৃষ্টিকোণ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হৈছে। আমোদজনকভাৱে, তাৰে আতাইতকৈ অমূৰ্ত ধাৰণাটো আতাইতকৈ আগত, ১৯ শতিকাতে প্ৰথম আগবঢ়োৱা হৈছিল। এই ধাৰণাক পাৰিতোষিক ফলন দৃষ্টিকোণ বোলা হয়। তাৰ পাছত, সেই ধাৰণাক কিছু পৰিমাণে মূৰ্ত কৰি অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব বিকাশ কৰা হৈছিল। অৱশেষত, এই ধাৰণাক অধিক মূৰ্ত কৰি চয়ন-ভিত্তিক দৃষ্টিকোণ, বা উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব বিকাশ কৰা হ'ল। এই তিনিও দৃষ্টিকোণৰ পৰা কৰা অনুমান একেই হয় নে পৃথক হয়? যদি পৃথক হয়, তেন্তে কোনটো শুদ্ধ? এই প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ দিবলৈ আমি এটা এটাকৈ তিনিওটা আলোচনা কৰিম। পিচে, ঐতিহাসিক ক্ৰমৰ বিপৰীত ক্ৰমতহে এই আলোচনা কৰা হ'ব, যিহেতু যিমানেই ধাৰণা অমূৰ্ত হয়, সিমানেই অনেকে বুজাত অসুবিধা পায়। == উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব == '''উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব''' বা '''উদ্ঘাটিত পছন্দ তত্ত্ব'''ই (Revealed Preference Theory) বা '''চয়ন-ভিত্তিক দৃষ্টিকোণে''' (Choice-based Approach) ইতিমধ্যে পৰ্যবেক্ষিত নিৰ্ণয় ব্যৱহাৰৰ মাধ্যমেৰে, নেদেখা পৰিস্থিতিত নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কি চয়ন কৰিব, সেই কথা অনুমান কৰাৰ চেষ্টা কৰে। তেনে কৰিবলৈ, এই তত্ত্বত নিৰ্ণয়ৰ কাৰণ সন্ধান কৰা নহয়: পোণপতীয়াকৈ এটা পৰিস্থিতিৰ পৰা লাভ কৰা তথ্য আনটো পৰিস্থিতিত প্ৰয়োগ কৰা হয়। সেয়ে, তিনিওটা দৃষ্টিকোণৰ মাজৰ পৰা, ই আতাইতকৈ মূৰ্ত। পিচে, অনুমান কৰ হয় কেনেকৈ? অনুমান কৰিবলৈ চয়ন ফলন <math>\chi</math> ওপৰত কিছু নিয়ম বান্ধি দিয়া হয়। অৰ্থাৎ, বৰ্তমানলৈকে আমি মাথো কৈছিলোঁ যে <math>\chi</math>এ আমাক যিকোনো সাধ্য সংহতিৰ পৰা কি বিকল্প চয়ন কৰা যাব পাৰে, সেই কথা কয়। কিন্তু সেই ফলত কি বা কেনেকুৱা হ'ব, তাৰ ওপৰত কোনো সীমা বান্ধি দিয়া নাছিলোঁ। উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বত এখোজ আগবাঢ়ি গৈ চয়ন ফলনৰ ওপৰত কিছু নিয়ম বান্ধি দিয়া হয়, যাৰ ফলত নেদেখা পৰিস্থিতিত কি দেখা যাব, সেই কথা সেই নিয়মৰ পৰাই অনুমান কৰিব পৰা যায়। এনে কেইবাটাও নিয়ম সাধাৰণতে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা যায়। তাৰেই আতাইতকৈ বহল বা দুৰ্বল নিয়মটো তলত দিয়া হ'ল। ধৰি লওক নিৰ্ণয় সংহতি <math>X</math> আৰু বাধ্য সংহতিৰ সংহতি '''<math>\bar B</math>'''। ধৰি লওক <math>B_1, B_2 \in \bar B</math>, অৰ্থাৎ, <math>B_1</math> আৰু <math>B_2</math> দুটি সাম্ভাব্য সাধ্য সংহতি। তেন্তে '''উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰৰ দুৰ্বল স্বতঃসিদ্ধ''' (Weak Axiom of Revealed Preference বা ৱাৰ্প) এটি নিয়ম যিয়ে কয় যে <math>\chi</math>এ এই চৰ্ত পূৰ্ণ কৰে: যদি <math>x, y \in B_1, x \in \chi(B_1), y \in \chi(B_2)</math>, তেন্তে <math>x \in \chi(B_2)</math> বা <math>x \not \in B_2</math>। অৰ্থাৎ, যদি কোনো পৰিস্থিতিত বিকল্প <math>x</math> আৰু <math>y</math> দুয়ো উপলব্ধ (<math>x, y \in B_1</math>) আৰু আমি দেখোঁ যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই <math>x</math> চয়ন কৰিছে (<math>x \in \chi(B_1)</math>), তেন্তে আন যিকোনো পৰিস্থিতিত যদি আমি দেখোঁ যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই <math>y</math> চয়ন কৰিছে <math>y \in \chi(B_2)</math>, তেন্তে আমি অনুমান কৰিম যে দুটাৰ মাজত এটা কথা হ'ব লাগিব: নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই <math>x</math>ও চয়ন কৰাৰ সম্ভাৱনা থাকিব (<math>x \in \chi(B_2)</math>) বা <math>x</math> দ্বিতীয় পৰিস্থিতিত উপলব্ধই নহয় (<math>x \not \in B_2</math>)। এই স্বতঃসিদ্ধৰ আধাৰ কি? কিয় আমি এই অনুমান কৰিম? চাবলৈ গ'লে, ৱাৰ্পে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ নিৰ্ণয় ব্যৱহাৰৰ ওপৰত এক প্ৰকাৰৰ ধাৰাবাহিকতা আৰোপ কৰিছে। যদি এটা পৰিস্থিতিত আমি দেখিছোঁ যে তেওঁ <math>y</math> সাধ্য হোৱা স্বত্তেও <math>x</math> চয়ন কৰিছে, তেন্তে আন কোনো পৰিস্থিতিতো আমি অনুমান কৰিব পাৰোঁ, যে যদিহে <math>x</math> উপলব্ধ, তেওঁ <math>y</math>ক অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ নিদিয়ে। যদি তেওঁ <math>y</math> চয়ন কৰিছে কোনো অন্য পৰিস্থিতিত (<math>y \in \chi(B_2)</math>), নিশ্চয়েই তেও <math>x</math>কো সমানে অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ দিব (<math>x \in \chi(B_2)</math>) বা অধিক অগ্ৰাধিকাৰেই দিব কিন্তু <math>x</math> উপলব্ধই নহয় বাবেহে তেওঁ চয়ন কৰিব নোৱাৰে (<math>x \not \in B_2</math>)। লাড়ুৰ উদাহৰণটো আকৌ আলোচনা কৰিব পৰা যায়। যদি আনজন আলহীয়ে নাৰিকলৰ ঠাইত তিলৰ লাড়ুটো খাই পেলালেহেতেন, তেতিয়াও ৰামে গমৰ লাড়ুটোৱেই খালেহেতেন নে আন কোনো এটা লাড়ু খালেহেতেন? ৱাৰ্প ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি এই প্ৰশ্নৰ উত্তৰ দিব পৰা যায়। আমি জানোঁ যে <math>\chi(\{</math>তিল, নাৰিকল<math>\}) \supseteq \{</math>তিল<math>\}</math> আৰু <math>\chi(\{</math>তিল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\}) \supseteq \{</math>গম<math>\}</math>। ৱাৰ্পৰ সংজ্ঞাৰ সৈতে তুলনা কৰি, যদি আমি <math>x = </math> গম আৰু <math>y = </math> বুন্দিয়া লওঁ, তেন্তে আমি অনুমান কৰিব পাৰোঁ যে এনে হ'ব নোৱাৰে যে ৰামে কেৱল বুন্দিয়াহে চয়ন কৰিব। তেওঁ নাইবা নাৰিকল চয়ন কৰিব, নহ'লে কেৱল গমৰ লাড়ু চয়ন কৰিব, বা দুয়োটা বা তিনিওটা চয়ন কৰিব। অৰ্থাৎ, <math>\chi(\{</math>নাৰিকল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\} = \{</math>নাৰিকল<math>\}</math> বা <math>\{</math>গম<math>\}</math> বা <math>\{</math>নাৰিকল, গম<math>\}</math> বা <math>\{</math>নাৰিকল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\}</math> বা <math>\{</math>গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\}</math>। কিন্তু, <math>\chi(\{</math>নাৰিকল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\}) \neq \{</math>বুন্ধিয়া<math>\}</math> আৰু <math>\chi(\{</math>নাৰিকল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\}) \neq \{</math>বুন্ধিয়া, গম<math>\}</math>। পিচে, ওপৰৰ অনুমানটোও বৰ বহল। ইমান সৰল প্ৰশ্ন এটাতো ৫টা সম্ভাৱনা অনুমান কৰা হৈছে। এটি কাৰণ হ'ল, যিহেতু পৰ্যবেক্ষণেই কেৱল দুটা কৰা হৈছে, সীমিত পৰ্যবেক্ষণৰ পৰা কৰিব পৰা অনুমানো বৰ সুনিৰ্দিষ্ট হোৱা কঠিন। যদি আমাৰ অৰ্থনীতিবিদজনে অধিক পৰ্যবেক্ষণ কৰিব পাৰিলেহেতেন, তেওঁৰ অনুমান আৰু তীক্ষ্ণ হ'লহেতেন। পিচে, তৎস্বত্তেও, অধিক পৰ্যবেক্ষণৰ পাছতো ৱাৰ্পে বহু ক্ষেত্ৰত বৰ বহল আৰু তুলনামূলকভাৱে অনিৰ্দিষ্ট অনুমান আগবঢ়ায়। ই নিশ্চয়েই আমাৰ তত্ত্বৰ আনুমানিক শক্তিৰ ওপৰত প্ৰশ্ন চিহ্ন অংকন কৰে। মনত ৰাখক যে ৱাৰ্প জনপ্ৰিয় নিয়মসমূহৰ মাজৰ আতাইতকৈ দুৰ্বল নিয়ম। অধিক শক্তিশালী নিয়মেৰে অধিক তীক্ষ্ণ অনুমান কৰা সম্ভৱ। তেনে এটা নিয়ম আলোচনা কৰা হ'ব, কিন্তু তাৰ আগতে, আন এক ধাৰণা জনাৰ প্ৰয়োজন। '''দুৰ্বল উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ''' (Weak Revealed Preference Relation) এটি সম্বন্ধ, অৰ্থাৎ <math>R \subseteq X^2</math> যাক এই দৰে সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰা হয়: <math>\forall x, y \in X</math>, যদি <math>\exist B_1 \in \bar B</math> যাতে <math>x, y \in B_1, x \in \chi (B_1)</math>, তেতিয়া আৰু কেৱল তেতিয়াহে আমি ক'ম <math>x R y</math>। ইয়াৰ অৰ্থ হ'ল: এনে এটি সম্ভৱ সাধ্য সংহতি আছে য'ত দুয়োটা বিকল্প উপলব্ধ আৰু নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই <math>x</math> চয়ন কৰিব পাৰে। যদি তেনে কোনো সাধ্য সংহতি নাই, তেন্তে আমি লিখিম <math>x \not R y</math>। যদি <math>x R y</math> কিন্তু <math>y \not R x</math>, তেন্তে আমি লিখোঁ <math>x P y</math>। <math>P \subseteq X^2</math> হ'ল '''কঠোৰ উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ''' (Strict Revealed Preference Relation বা চাৰ্প)। যদি <math>x R y</math> আৰু <math>y R x</math>, তেন্তে আমি লিখোঁ <math>x I y</math>। <math>I \subseteq X^2</math> হ'ল '''উদ্ঘাটিত সমাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ''' (Revealed Indifference Relation)। এই সম্বন্ধকেইটাৰ ভাষাত ৱাৰ্পক অতি সহজেই প্ৰকাশ কৰিব পৰা যায়। ৱাৰ্পক এনেদৰেও প্ৰকাশ কৰিব পৰা যায়: <math>x R y \Rightarrow y \not P x</math>। এতিয়া, আমি দ্বিতীয়টো নিয়ম সহজে আলোচনা কৰিব পৰা অৱস্থাত অৱতীৰ্ণ হৈছোঁ। '''সবল উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ স্বতঃসিদ্ধ''' (Strong Axiom of Revealed Preference) যদি আৰু কেৱল যদি <math>x_1, x_2, ...., x_n \in X </math>আৰু <math>x_1 R x_2, x_2 R x_3, ...., x_{n-1} R x_n</math>, তেন্তে <math>x_n \not P x_1</math>। উদাহৰণ স্বৰূপে, ধৰি লওক কোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই ফল-মূলৰ মাজৰ পৰা কিবা চয়ন কৰিব লাগে। এই নিয়ম ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি আমি আমাৰ লাড়ু উদাহৰণটোত আগতকৈ অলপ অধিক তীক্ষ্ণ অনুমান কৰিব পাৰোঁ। প্ৰথমে মন কৰক: তিল <math>R</math> নাৰিকল, গম <math>R</math> তিল, গম <math>R</math> বুন্দিয়া। ৱাৰ্পৰ পৰা আমি পাওঁ নাৰিকল <math>\not P</math> তিল, তিল <math>\not P</math> গম, বুন্দিয়া <math>\not P</math> গম। চাৰ্প ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি আমি আৰু অনুমান লগাব পাৰোঁ। যেনে, গম <math>R</math> তিল আৰু তিল <math>R</math> নাৰিকল, সেয়ে নাৰিকল <math>\not P</math> গম। সেয়ে, <math>R</math> <math>\chi(\{</math>নাৰিকল, গম, বুন্দিয়া<math>\})</math> মূল্য <math>\{</math>নাৰিকল<math>\}</math>ও হ'ব নোৱাৰে। বৰ্তমানে নিশ্চয়েই ৱাৰ্প আৰু চাৰ্পৰ এই খেল মূল্যহীন যেন লাগিছে। পিচে, পাছলৈ দেখা যাব যে এই স্বতঃসিদ্ধকেইটাই নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ প্ৰক্ৰিয়াৰ বিষয়ে আচলতে বহু কথা উজাগৰ কৰে। সেই কথা উপলব্ধি কৰিবলৈ প্ৰথমে আন দুয়োটা দৃষ্টিকোণ আলোচনা কৰিব লাগিব। তদুপৰি, বৰ্তমানে হয়টো এই স্বতঃসিদ্ধকেইটাৰ অনুমান-ক্ষমতা কম যেন লাগিছে। পিচে যদি সাধ্য সংহতিসমূহৰ সদস্যৰ সংখ্যা অধিক হয়, তেন্তে এই স্বতঃসিদ্ধৰ পৰা বহুতো শক্তিশালী অনুমান কৰিব পৰা যায়। এই কথা পাছলৈ স্পষ্ট হ'ব, যেতিয়া আমি তৰ্কসংগত নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্বৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিম বিভিন্ন পৰিস্থিতিৰ অধ্যয়ন কৰিবলৈ, যেনে উপভোক্তাৰ অধ্যয়নত। অৱশেষত, এই স্বতঃসিদ্ধকেইটাৰ এক অতিকৈ গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ দাৰ্শনিক প্ৰয়োজনীয়তা আছে। এই কথা এই পাঠৰ শেষৰ ফালে আলোচনা কৰা হ'ব। == ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব == তৰ্কসংগত নিৰ্ণয় তত্ত্বক অনুমান-শক্তি প্ৰদান কৰাৰ দ্বিতীয় উপায়টো হ'ল '''ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব''' বা '''ধ্ৰুপদী পছন্দ তত্ত্ব'''(Classical Preference Theory) বা অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ-ভিত্তিক দৃষ্টিকোণ (Preference-based Approach)। এই দৃষ্টিকোণক ধ্ৰুপদী আখ্যা দিয়াৰ কাৰণটো হ'ল যে ই উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বৰ আগতে বিকশিত হৈছিল আৰু বৰ্তমানেও অৰ্থনৈতিক আৰ্হি নিৰ্মাণৰ দিক্‌ প্ৰদৰ্শনৰ মুখ্য দৃষ্টিকোণ এয়াই। চয়ন-ভিত্তিক দৃষ্টিকোণত আমি কোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ নিৰ্ণয়ৰ ওপৰত পোণপটীয়াকৈ চৰ্ত আৰোপ কৰিছিলোঁ: আমি কৈছিলোঁ যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কি কাৰণত আৰু কেনে দৰে নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে সেয়া আমি নাজানোঁ, কিন্তু যি উপায়েৰেই তেওঁ নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ নকৰক কিয়, তেওঁ কৰা নিৰ্ণয়সমূহৰ ধাৰাবাহিকতা (consistency) বৰ্তাই ৰাখিবলৈ তেওঁৰ চয়ন ফলনে ৱাৰ্প বা চাৰ্প মানি চলিব লাগিব। ধ্ৰুপদী দৃষ্টিভংগীত পিচে, আমি প্ৰত্যক্ষভাৱে নিৰ্ণয়সমূহৰ অধ্যয়ন নকৰোঁ। আমি নিৰ্ণয়ৰ আঁৰৰ কাৰণ সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰিব বিচাৰোঁ আৰু সেই কাৰণৰ সহায়তহে আমি নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কি পৰিস্থিতিত কি কৰিব, সেয়া অনুমান কৰোঁ। এই কাৰণো অতিকৈ সৰল: যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই নিজৰ পছন্দ অনুযায়ী নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে! দৈনন্দীন জীৱনত যেতিয়া আমি কোনো গৃহীত সিদ্ধান্তৰ বিষয়ে ভাবোঁ, আমি এনে ধৰণৰ যুক্তিৰেই ভাবোঁ! সৰু ল'ৰা এটাই যদি চিপ্স আৰু চকলেটৰ মাজৰ পৰা চিপ্স বাচি লৈছে, তেন্তে আমি স্বাভাৱিকতেই ভাবোঁ, "ল'ৰাটোৱে নিশ্চয় চিপ্স ভাল পায়, সেয়ে চিপ্স চয়ন কৰিছে"। এই চিন্তাধাৰাৰেই এক অমূৰ্ত আৰু তুলনামূলকভাৱে বিকশিত ৰূপ ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব। দৰি লওক <math>X</math> চয়ন সংহতি। তেন্তে <math>\succeq \subseteq X^2</math> এটি দ্বৈত সম্বন্ধ যাক আমি '''দুৰ্বল অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ''' আখ্যা দিওঁ। <math>x \succeq y</math>ক সাধাৰণতে এনেদৰে পঢ়া হয়: "<math>x</math>ক <math>y</math>তকৈ দুৰ্বলভাৱে অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ দিয়া হয়" ("<math>x</math> is weakly preferred to <math>y</math>") বা "<math>x</math> অন্ততঃ <math>y</math> বা তাতোকৈ ভাল" ("<math>x</math> is at least as good as <math>y</math>")। এই সম্বন্ধ যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ পছন্দ-অপছন্দ দৰ্শোৱাৰ এক মৌলিক উপায়। প্ৰত্যেক নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ বেলেগ বেলেগ, আৰু তেওঁৰ অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধই আমাক জনাই তেওঁ কি বিকল্প অধিক পছন্দ কৰে আৰু কি বিকল্প কম পছন্দ কৰে। দুৰ্বল অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি আমি আন দুটি গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ সম্বন্ধও সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰোঁ। '''কঠোৰ অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ''' এনেদৰে সংজ্ঞায়িত: <math>x \succ y \Leftrightarrow (x \succeq y \and y \not \succeq x)</math>, অৰ্থাৎ, নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ মতে, কোনো বিকপ্ল <math>x</math> অন্ততঃ <math>y</math>তকৈ ভাল, কিন্তু <math>y</math> অন্ততঃ <math>x</math>তকৈ ভাল নহয়। <math>x \succ y</math>ক আমি সাধাৰণতে এনেদৰে পঢ়োঁ: "<math>x</math>ক <math>y</math>তকৈ কঠোৰভাৱে অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ দিয়া হয়" ("<math>x</math> is strictly preferred to <math>y</math>") বা "<math>x</math> <math>y</math>তকৈ ভাল" ("<math>x</math> is better than <math>y</math>")। '''উদাসীনতা সম্বন্ধ''' এনেদৰে সংজ্ঞায়িত: <math>x \sim y \Leftrightarrow (x\succeq y \and y \succeq x)</math>, অৰ্থাৎ, <math>x</math> অন্ততঃ <math>y</math>তকৈ ভাল আৰু <math>y</math>ও অন্ততঃ <math>x</math>তকৈ ভাল। <math>x \sim y</math>ক সাধাৰণতে এনেদৰে পঢ়া হয়: "<math>x</math> আৰু <math>y</math>ক সমান অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ দিয়া হয়" ("<math>x</math> is indifferent to <math>y</math>") বা "<math>x</math> আৰু <math>y</math> সমানেই পছন্দ" ("<math>x</math> is equally preferred to <math>y</math>")। বৰ্তমানলৈকে এই সম্বন্ধসমূহক গাণিতিকভাৱে সংজ্ঞায়িতহে কৰা হৈছে। এই সম্বন্ধসমূহ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি বাস্তৱ ব্যৱহাৰ অনুমান কৰিবলৈ আমি ইহঁতৰ ওপৰত কিছু বান্ধোন আৰোপ কৰিব লাগিব, ঠিক সেইদৰে যিদৰে আগতি আমি পোণপটীয়াকৈ চয়ন ফলনৰ ওপৰত কৰিছিলোঁ। আমি কোনো অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধক এটি '''তৰ্কসংগত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ''' (Rational Preference Relation) আখ্যা দিওঁ যদিহে ই দুটি চৰ্ত পূৰ্ণ কৰে: ১। '''সম্পূৰ্ণতা''' (Completeness): <math>\forall x, y \in X, x\succeq y \or y \succeq x</math> ২। '''সংক্ৰামিতা''' (Transitivity): <math>\forall x, y, z \in X, (x \succeq y \and y \succeq z) \Rightarrow x \succeq z</math> এই দুই চৰ্তই যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ পছন্দসমূহক ''সু-সংজ্ঞায়িত'' কৰে। প্ৰথম চৰ্তটোৱে কয় যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই যিকোনো দুটি বিকল্প তুলনা কৰিব ''পাৰে''। মন কৰক, যে <math>x \succeq y \or y \succeq x</math>ক সহজেই এনেদৰে লিখিব পৰা যায়: <math>x \succ y</math> বা <math>y \succ x</math> বা <math>x \sim y</math>। সেয়ে, সম্পূৰ্ণতাই মাথো দাবী কৰে যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ আগত যদি দুটা বিকল্প থাকে, তেন্তে নাইবা তেওঁ প্ৰথমটোক দ্বিতীয়টোতকৈ ভাল পায়, বা দ্বিতীয়টোক প্ৰথমটোতকৈ ভাল পায়, বা দুয়োটা সমানে ভাল পায়। কথাটো হ'ল: তেওঁৰ তুলনা কৰাৰ ক্ষমতা আছে, লাগিলে সেই তুলনাৰ ফলত এটা বিকল্প তেওঁ কম, বেছি বা আনকি সমানে ভাল নাপাওক কিয়। দ্বিতীয় চৰ্তই পছন্দসমূহক এক ধাৰাবাহিকতা প্ৰদান কৰে। ই নিশ্চিত কৰে যে বিকপ্লসমূহক আতাইতকৈ বেছি পছন্দৰ পৰা আতাইতকৈ কম পছন্দ বিকল্পৰ এক ক্ৰমত সজাব পৰা যায়। যদি সংক্ৰামিতা ভংগ হয়, তেন্তে সেয়া সম্ভৱ নহয়। এই কথা সহজেই চাব পৰা যায় যে সংক্ৰামিতাৰ অভাৱত আমি এনে পৰিস্থিতিত উপনীত হ'ব পাৰোঁ য'ত <math>x \succ y</math>, <math>y \succ z</math> আৰু <math>z \succ x</math>! এনে পৰিস্থিতিত, তিনিওৰে কোনটো বিকল্প আতাইতকৈ পছন্দ আৰু কোনটো কম? এই কথাৰ উত্তৰ দিয়া অসম্ভৱ। সেয়ে, সংক্ৰামিতা এটি গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ চৰ্ত। আমি তুলনা কৰা ক্ষমতা আৰু সেই তুলনাৰ ধাৰাবাহিকতাৰ বিষয়ে এই কাৰণে চিন্তা কৰিব লাগে যে আমাৰ অনুমানৰ ভিত্তিয়েই এই কথা হ'ব যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই যিকোনো পৰিস্থিতিত নিজৰ সাধ্য সংহতিৰ মাজৰ পৰা নিজৰ আতাইতকৈ পছন্দৰ বিকল্পটো চয়ন কৰিব। যেয়ে, "আতাইতকৈ পছন্দৰ" বিকল্পটো সু-সংজ্ঞায়িত হ'ব লাগিব, যাৰ বাবে অন্ততঃ বিকল্পসমূহক ক্ৰমত সজোৱাটো সম্ভৱ হ'ব লাগিব। কোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাক আমি এক '''তৰ্কসংগত নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা''' (Rational Decision-Maker বা Rational Agent) আখ্যা দিওঁ যদিহে তেওঁৰ পছন্দসমূহ (অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ) তৰ্কসংগত আৰু যিকোনো সাধ্য সংহতি <math>B \in \bar B</math>ৰ বাবে, তেওঁৰ চয়ন ফলন এনেদৰে সংজ্ঞায়িত: <math>\chi (B) = \{x \in B | \forall y \in B, x \succeq y\}</math> উপৰ্যুক্ত সমীকৰণ এটি '''ব্যৱহাৰবাদী মান্যতা''', অৰ্থাৎ, ব্যৱহাৰ কেনেদৰে নিৰ্ণয় কৰা হয়, তাৰ ধাৰণা। এই মান্যতা হ'ল: নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই সেই বিকল্পকেইটাহে সম্ভৱতঃ চয়ন কৰিব, যি তেওঁৰ মতে আন সকলো সাধ্য বিকল্পতকৈ অন্ততঃ সমানে বা বেছি ভাল। ই দৈনন্দীন জীৱনৰ আমাৰ চিন্তাধাৰাৰ সৈতে মিলে, কিন্তু এই কথাষাৰ সু-সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰিবলৈ আমি তৰ্কসংগতি (Rationality) ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিবলগীয়া হৈছে। তৰ্কসংগতি এটি শক্তিশালী দাবী, কেৱল এই কাৰণতে নহয় যে ই আমাক বহু বস্তু অনুমান কৰাত সহায় কৰে (যি এটি ধনাত্মক দিশ), কিন্তু এই কাৰণেও যে বহু ক্ষেত্ৰত বাস্তৱ জগতত তৰ্কসংগতি ভংগ হোৱা দেখা যায়। পিচে তৰ্ক সংগতিয়ে কি কি বস্তু অনুমান কৰে? অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বধসমূহ অমূৰ্ত ধাৰণাহে। কেৱল <math>\chi</math>, অৰ্থাৎ বাস্তৱত কি কি নিৰ্ণয় কোনোৱে গ্ৰহণ কৰিছে, সেয়াহে আনৰ বাবে পৰ্যবেক্ষণীয়। সেয়ে, আমি বস্তুতঃ শুধিছোঁ: যদি অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ তৰ্কসংগত আৰু নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই আতাইতকৈ পছন্দৰ সাধ্য বিকল্প চয়ন কৰে, তেন্তে কেনে ধৰণৰ চয়ন ফলন আমু বাস্তৱত দেখা পাম, আৰু কেনে ধৰণৰ ফলন দেখা নাপাওঁ? এই কথাৰ উত্তৰ দিবলৈ, আমি প্ৰথমে উপৰ্যুক্ত উদ্ঘাটিত আৰু ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বৰ তুলনা কৰিব লাগিব। === ধ্ৰুপদী আৰু উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বৰ তুলনা === গাণিতিক কাঠামোৰ বাদে, বাস্তৱ ব্যৰহাৰ অনুমান কৰা ক্ষেত্ৰত, এই দুয়ো দৃষ্টিকোণৰ কি পাৰ্থক্য আছে? দুই পৃথক দৃষ্টিকোণৰ প্ৰয়োজনেই বা কি? বিংশ শতিকাত আগ ভাগত লাহে লাহে ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বৰ বিকাশ হ'ব ধৰিলে। অৰ্থনীতিবিদসকলে উপলব্ধি কৰিলে যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ ব্যৱহাৰ অনুমান কৰিবলৈ আৰু বুজিবলৈ, তেওঁলোকৰ পছন্দ-অপছন্দ বুজিব লাগিব আৰু সেই পছন্দসমূহৰ এক গণিত তৈয়াৰ কৰি উলিয়াব লাগিব। আৰ জি ডি এলেন আৰু জন আৰ হিক্সে নিজৰ ১৯৩৪ চনৰ গৱেষণা পত্ৰ "A Reconsideration of the Theory of Value" আৰু পাছলৈ ১৯৩৯ চনত হিক্সে নিজৰ গ্ৰন্থ "Value and Capital"ত ওপৰত দেখা পোৱা ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ তৈয়াৰ কৰি উলিয়াইছিল। তেওঁলোকে কোনো বজাৰত বস্তু ক্ৰয় কৰিবলৈ যোৱা উপভোক্তাৰ নিৰ্ণয় ব্যৱহাৰৰ ব্যাখ্যা কৰিবলৈ এই তত্ত্বৰ প্ৰয়োগ কৰিও দেখাইছিল। পিচে, পল চেমুএলছনে নিজৰ ১৯৩৯ চনৰ গৱেষণা পত্ৰ "A Note on the Pure Theory of Consumer’s Behaviour"ত এই দৃষ্টিকোণৰ কিছু মাৰাত্মক ত্ৰুতি দাঙি ধৰিছিল আৰু তাৰ প্ৰতিদ্বন্দ্বী হিচাপে, উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব দাঙি ধৰিছিল। তেওঁৰ যুক্তি আছিল এনে ধৰণৰ: আমি এই কথা অনুমান কৰিব বিচাৰোঁ যে কোনো পৰিস্থিতিত কোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিব। নিৰ্ণয় পোণপটীয়াকৈ পৰ্যবেক্ষণ কৰিব পৰা যায়। এই অনুমান কৰিবলৈ কিন্তু ধ্ৰুপদী দৃষ্টিকোণত আমি এক অমূৰ্ত ধাৰণা "পছন্দ"ৰ সহায় লৈছোঁ, যি পোণপটীয়াভাৱে পৰ্যবেক্ষণ কৰিব পৰা নাযায়। ই কেৱল বাস্তৱ নিৰ্ণয়ৰ পৰ্যবেক্ষণৰ মাজেৰেহে কোনোৱে জানিবলৈ চেষ্টা কৰিব পাৰে। পিচে, ই জানোঁ বিপৰীত যুক্তি নহ'ল? কোনো পোণপটীয়াকৈ দেখা পোৱা বস্তু বুজাবলৈ কেতিয়াও দেখা নোপোৱা বস্তু এটাৰ সহায় লোৱা? তেনে অৱস্থাত, আমি পছন্দৰ সহায়ত নিৰ্ণয় বুজাইছোঁ, নে নিৰ্ণয়ৰ সহায়ত অমূৰ্ত পছন্দসমূহ সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰিছোঁ? যদি পাছৰটোহে, তেন্তে এই কাৰ্যকালাপ কি দৰে বৈজ্ঞানিক: ই বাস্তৱ জগতত কি আমি দেখিম বা নেদেখিম, তাৰ বিষয়ে কিবা কয় নে? উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব পৃথক। ই নিৰ্ণয় অনুমান কৰিবলৈ পোণপটীয়াকৈ নিৰ্ণয়ৰ ওপৰতেই চৰ্ত আৰোপ কৰে। তেন্তে, উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব নিশ্চিতৰূপেই ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বতকৈ ভাল নেকি? পাছলৈ অৰ্থনীতিবিদসকলে আৱিষ্কাৰ কৰিলে, যে ধ্ৰুপদী তত্ত্বয়ো পৰ্যবেক্ষণ কৰিব পৰা ব্যৱহাৰৰ ওপৰত কিছো বান্ধোন আৰোপ কৰে। কাব্যিক ৰূপত, দুয়ো দৃষ্টিকোণে বান্ধি দিয়া বাধ্যবাধকতা ''একেবাৰেই একে''! '''যদি ধ্ৰুপদী অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব শুদ্ধ তেন্তে উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বও শুদ্ধ আৰু যদি উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্ব শুদ্ধ তেন্তে ধ্ৰুপদী তত্ত্বও শুদ্ধ'''! এই কথা চাবলৈ আমি ধ্ৰুপদী তত্ত্বই আৰোপ কৰা বান্ধোন: তৰ্কসংগতিৰ সৈতে ৱাৰ্প আৰু চাৰ্পক তুলনা কৰিব লাগিব। তেনে কৰিবলৈ, আমি দুয়ো দৃষ্টিকোণৰ মুখ্য ধাৰণাকেইটাৰ মাজত সম্বন্ধ সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰিব লাগিব। আমি ইতিমধ্যেই অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধৰ পৰা চয়ন ফলন বিচৰাৰ উপায়, ব্যৱহাৰবাদী মান্যতাৰ জড়িয়তে কৰিছোঁ। আন দিশে, আমি চয়ন ফলনৰ পৰা এটি অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ কেনেকৈ সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰিব পাৰোঁ, সেয়া বিচাৰ কৰিব লাগিব। এয়া সহজ কাৰ্য: যদি কোনো অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ <math>\succeq </math>এ আগতে উল্লিখিত ব্যৱহাৰবাদী মান্যতাৰ মাধ্যমেৰে কোনো চয়ন ফলন <math>\chi</math>ক সৃষ্টি কৰে, তেন্তে আমি <math>\succeq</math>ক <math>\chi</math>ৰ '''সৃষ্টিকাৰী সম্বন্ধ''' আখ্যা দিওঁ। '''উপপাদ্য''': যদি কোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা তৰ্কসংগত, তেন্তে তেওঁৰ অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধই সৃষ্টি কৰা চয়ন ফলনে ৱাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট কৰিব। '''প্ৰমাণ''': ধৰি লওক চয়ন সংহতি <math>X</math> আৰু দুৰ্বল অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ <math>\succeq</math> তৰ্কসংগত। ধৰি লওক <math>B_1, B_2 \in \bar B, x, y \in B_1, y \in \chi(B_2)</math>। আমি দেখাব বিচাৰোঁ যে নাইবা <math>x \in \chi(B_2)</math> নহ'লে <math>x \not \in B_2</math>। যিহেতু <math>x \in \chi(B_1)</math> আৰু <math>\chi(B_1) = \{a \in B_1 | \forall b \in B_1, a\succeq b\}</math>, সেয়ে <math>\forall b \in B_1, x \succeq b</math>। আমি জানোঁ যে <math>y \in B_1</math>, সেয়ে <math>x \succeq y</math>। এতিয়া, যিহেতু <math>y \in \chi(B_2)</math>, <math>\forall b \in B_2, y \succeq b</math>। এতিয়া, <math>\forall b \in B_2, x \succeq y \and y \succeq b</math>, সেয়ে, সংক্ৰামিতাৰ বাবে, <math>\forall b \in B_2, x \succeq b</math>। দুটা সম্ভাৱনীয়তা আছে: <math>x \in B_2</math> বা <math>x \not \in B_2</math>। যদি <math>x \not \in B_2</math>, তেন্তে আমাৰ প্ৰমাণ সফল! যদি <math>x \in B_2</math>, তেন্তে যিহেতু <math>\forall b \in B_2, x \succeq b</math>, সেয়ে <math>x \in \chi(B_2)</math>। এই ক্ষেত্ৰতো আমাৰ প্ৰমাণ সফল হ'ল। '''উপপাদ্য''': যদি কোনো চয়ন ফলনে ৱাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট কৰে, তেন্তে এনে কোনো তৰ্কসংগত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ নাথাকিবও পাৰে যিয়ে সেই চয়ন ফলন সৃষ্টি কৰে। '''প্ৰমাণ''': ধৰি লওক <math>X = \{a, b, c\}</math>, <math>\bar B = \{\{a, b\}, \{b, c\}, \{c, a\} \}</math> আৰু চয়ন ফলন এনেদৰে সংজ্ঞায়িত: <math>\chi(\{a, b\}) = \{a\}, \chi(\{b, c\}) = \{b\}, \chi(\{c, a\}) = \{c\}</math>। যিহেতু প্ৰত্যেক বিকল্পদ্বয় কেৱল এটা সাধ্য সংহতিৰহে সদস্য, সেয়ে যদি <math>\chi(\{i, j\}) = i</math>, তেন্তে আন কোনো সাধ্য সংহতিয়েই নাই য'ত <math>i</math> আৰু <math>j</math> দুয়োটা আছে। সেয়ে যদি এনে কোনো সাধ্য সংহতি আছে য'ত <math>j \in \chi(B)</math>, তেন্তে নিশ্চয়েই <math>x \not \in B</math>। সেয়ে, ৱাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট। পিচে, যদিও এই চয়ন ফলনে ৱাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট কৰে, এই ব্যৱহাৰক কোনো তৰ্কসংগত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধৰ সহায়ত বুজাব পৰা নাযায়। যিহেতু <math>\chi(\{a, b\}) = \{a\}</math>, সেয়ে <math>a \succ b</math>। ঠিক তেনেদৰে, যিহেতু <math>\chi (\{b, c\}) = \{b\}</math>, সেয়ে <math>b \succ c</math>। সংক্ৰামিতাৰ বাবে, তেন্তে আমি পাব লাগিব <math>a \succ c</math>। কিন্তু, যিহেতু <math>\chi(\{c, a\}) = \{c\}</math>, সেয়ে <math>c \succ a</math>। এই দুয়ো কথা একেলগে সত্য হ'ব নোৱাৰে। সেয়ে, এনে কোনো তৰ্কসংগত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ নাই যিয়ে এই চয়ন ফলন সৃষ্টি কৰিব পাৰে। যদি কেৱল ৱাৰ্পৰ মাধ্যমেৰে যদিহে আমি দুয়োটা দৃষ্টিকোণ তুলনা কৰোঁ, তেন্তে দুয়ো সমকক্ষ নহয়। ধ্ৰুপদী তত্ত্ব অধিক শক্তিশালী। কিন্তু, যদি চাৰ্পৰ মাধমেৰে তুলনা কৰা যায়, তেন্তে ধ্ৰুপদী আৰু উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ দৃষ্টিকোণ সমকক্ষ আৰু সদায় একেই অনুমান প্ৰদান কৰে। '''উপপাদ্য''': যদি কোনো অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ তৰ্কসংগত, তেন্তে তাৰ পৰা সৃষ্ট চয়ন ফলনে চাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট কৰে আৰু যদি কোনো চয়ন ফলনে চাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট কৰে, তেন্তে সেই চয়ন ফলনক কোনো তৰ্কসংগত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধৰ পৰা সৃষ্টি কৰিব পৰা যায়। '''প্ৰমাণ''': ধৰি লওক চয়ন সংহতি <math>X</math> আৰু তাৰ ওপৰত এটি তৰ্কসংগত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ <math>\succeq</math> সংজ্ঞায়িত। ধৰি লওক সেই সম্বন্ধই চয়ন ফলন <math>\chi(B) = \{x \in B | \forall y \in B, x \succeq y \}</math> সৃষ্টি কৰে। আমি দেখাব বিচাৰোঁ যে এই চয়ন ফলনে চাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট কৰে। ধৰি লওক <math>x_1, ...., x_n \in X</math> আৰু <math>x_1 R x_2 .... R x_n</math>। তেন্তে, এনে কোনো সাধ্য সংহতিৰ ক্ৰম <math>B_1, ...., B_{n-1}</math> আছে যাতে <math>x_1, x_2 \in B_1, x_1 \in \chi(B_1), ...., x_{n-1}, x_n \in B_{n-1}, x_{n-1} \in \chi(B_{n-1})</math>। ব্যৱহাৰবাদী মান্যতাৰ বাবে, তেন্তে, <math>x_1 \succeq x_2, ...., x_{n-1} \succeq x_n</math>। সেয়ে সংক্ৰামিতাৰ বাবে <math>x_1 \succeq x_n</math>, যাৰ মানে <math>x_n \not \succ x_1</math>। সেয়ে, নাইবা এই দুয়ো বিকল্প কোনো সাধ্য সংহতিতেই একেলগে নাই, বা একেলগে আছে, কিন্তু তেনে ক্ষেত্ৰত কেৱল <math>x_n</math> চয়নিত হ'ব নোৱাৰে কাৰণ ই <math>x_1</math>তকৈ কঠোৰভাৱে ভাল নহয়। সেয়ে <math>x_n \not P n_1</math>। সেয়ে <math>\chi</math>এ চাৰ্প সন্তুষ্ট কৰে। আন দিশে, ধৰি লওক কোনো চয়ন ফলন <math>\chi</math>এ চাৰ্প সম্পূৰ্ণ কৰে। তেন্তে, আমি দেখাব বিচাৰোঁ যে এনে এক তৰ্কসংগত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ আছে যিয়ে এই চয়ন ফলন সৃষ্টি কৰে। আমি এনে সম্বন্ধ এটা নিৰ্মাণ কৰি এই কথা প্ৰমাণ কৰিম। আমি এই অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ সম্বন্ধ <math>\succeq</math> এনেদৰে সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰিম: <math>x \succeq y</math> যদি এনে কোনো <math>B \in \bar B</math> আছে য'ত <math>x, y \in B, x \in \chi(B)</math>। অন্যথা <math>y \succ x</math>। যিহেতু আগৰ শাৰীৰ কোনো এটা চৰ্ত পূৰ্ণ হ'বই, সেয়ে এই সম্বন্ধ সম্পূৰ্ণ। এতিয়া, ধৰি লওক <math>x_1 \succeq x_2 \succeq .... \succeq x_n</math>। তেন্তে, এনে <math>B_1, ...., B_{n-1} \in \bar B</math> আছে যাতে <math>x_1, x_2 \in B_1, x_1 \in B_1, ...., x_{n-1}, x_n \in B_{n-1}, x_{n-1} \in \chi(B_{n-1})</math>। তেন্তে <math>x_1 R x_2 R .... R x_n</math>। সেয়ে, <math>x_n \not P x_1</math>, যাৰ অৰ্থো হ'ল এনে কোনো <math>B \in \bar B</math> নাই য'ত <math>x_1, x_n \in B, x_n \in \chi(B), x_1 \not \in \chi(B)</math>। সেয়ে <math>x_n \not \succ x_1</math>। সেয়ে, <math>\succeq</math> তৰ্কসংগত। সেয়ে, প্ৰায় পৰিস্থিতেই ধ্ৰুপদী আৰু উদ্ঘাটিত অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ তত্ত্বৰ অনুমান আৰু বিশ্লেষণ শক্তি একেই হয়। ই বিংশ শতিকাৰ অৰ্থনীতিৰ এক বিশেষ সাফল্য আছিল যে ই নিজৰ কেন্দ্ৰীয় তত্ত্বক একীকৃত কৰি পেলালে। এনে হোৱাত, ই নিৰ্ণয় বিজ্ঞানাৰ (Decision Science) ভেঁটী ৰাখিব পাৰিলে আৰু অন্যান্য ব্যৱহাৰবাদী তথা সমাজ বিজ্ঞানক এক মৌলিক তত্ত্ব দিব পাৰিলে, যাৰ আধাৰত প্ৰায় সকলো বিষয়েই অধ্যয়ন কৰিব পৰা যায়। == প্ৰতিদান ফলন তত্ত্ব == '''প্ৰতিদান ফলন তত্ত্ব''' হ'ল কোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ নিৰ্ণয় অনুমান কৰিবলৈ ব্যৱহৃত আতাইতকৈ জনপ্ৰিয় তত্ত্ব। এক প্ৰকাৰে, ই এক সম্পূৰ্ণভাৱে পৃথক তত্ত্ব নহয়, বৰং, ধ্ৰুপদী তত্ত্বৰেই এটি বিশেষ ৰূপ। পিচে, ইয়াৰ গুড়ি ধ্ৰুপদী তত্ত্বতকৈও পুৰণি। এক দৃষ্টিৰ পৰা ই তিনিওৰে মাজত আতাইতকৈ অমূৰ্তও আৰু আতাইতকৈ বিস্ময়কৰো। এই তত্ত্বত ধাৰণা কৰা হয়, যে প্ৰত্যেক নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা এটি গণক যন্ত্ৰৰ দৰে। সেই নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তা নিজৰ বস্তুৰ মূল্য নিৰ্ণয় কৰা কোনো ব্যৱসায়িক প্ৰতিষ্ঠানেই হওক, বা আইচ ক্ৰীম খাব নে চকলেট খাব সেই কথা নিৰ্ণয় কৰা কোনো শিশুৱেই হওক, বা কাৰোবাক বিয়া কৰাব নে নকৰাব সেই কথা নিৰ্ণয় কৰা কোনো যুৱকেই হওক বা ক'ত আৰু কেনেকৈ ডকাইতী কৰিব তাৰ সিদ্ধন্ত ল'বলগীয়া অপৰাধী, কোনো নতুন আইন প্ৰণয়ন কৰিব নে নকৰিব ভাবি থকা সংসদমণ্ডলী বা ডবা খেলৰ কোনো খেলুৱৈ। সকলোৰেই ব্যৱহাৰ নিশ্চিত কৰা এটি এটি গাণিতিক ফলন থাকে। সকলোৰে প্ৰত্যেক মুহূৰ্ত সেই গাণিতিক ফলন বৃহদায়িত কৰোঁতেই অতিবাহিত হয়: প্ৰেত্যেক নিৰ্ণয় যিকোনো নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই সেই গাণিতিক ফলন বৃহদায়িত কৰিবলৈয়েই গ্ৰহণ কৰে। সেয়ে, কোনো কি পৰিস্থিতিত কি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিব, সেই কথা যদি আমি অনুমান কৰিব বিচাৰোঁ, তেন্তে আমি জানিবলৈ চেষ্টা কৰিব লাগিব সেই ফলনটো কি, আৰু যদি সেই ফলন সম্পূৰ্ণকৈ জানিব পৰা নাযায়ো তেন্তে সেই ফলনৰ কিছু গুণাগুণ মাথো জানিব পাৰিলেও আমি কিছু কিছু কথা অনুমান কৰিব পাৰিম। গাণিতিকভাৱে, যদি <math>X</math> চয়ন সংহতি, তেন্তে <math>u: X \rightarrow \R</math> এটি প্ৰতিদান ফলন তত্ত্ব যদিহে সেই নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাৰ চয়ন ফলনত এনেদৰে সংজ্ঞায়িত কৰিব পৰা যায়: <math>\forall B \in \bar B, \chi(B) = \{x \in B | \forall y \in B, u(x) \geq u(y) \}</math> সেয়ে, কাৰোবাৰ নিৰ্ণয় ব্যৱহাৰ অনুমান কৰিবলৈ হ'লে আমি চিন্তা কৰি চাব পাৰোঁ যে সেই নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কিবা বৃহদায়িত কৰিব বিচাৰিছে নেকি। যদি আমি তেনে কোনো ফলন ভাবি উলিয়াব পাৰোঁ, তেন্তে সেই ফলন ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি আমি সেই নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাই কি পৰিস্থিতিত কি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিব তাৰ অনুমান কৰিব পাৰিম। আমি কওঁ যে নিৰ্ণয়কৰ্তাজনে '''প্ৰতিদান বৃহদায়ন সমস্যা''' সমাধান কৰি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰে, যি হ'ল <math>\max_{x \in X} u(x)</math> যাতে <math>x \in B</math> তেওঁৰ চয়ন ফলন হ'ল <math>\chi(B) = \arg \max_{x \in X} u(x)</math> যাতে <math>x \in B</math> এইদৰে চিন্তা কৰি আমি <math>\chi</math> অনুমান কৰিব পাৰোঁ। এই উদাহৰণ মন কৰক। কোনো ব্যৱসায়িক প্ৰতিষ্ঠানে সাধাৰণতে নিজৰ লাভ বৃহদায়িত কৰিব বিচাৰে। সেয়ে, আমি তেওঁলোকে কি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিলে কি লাভ হ'ব বুলি ভাবে, সেই কথা ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি তেওঁলোকৰ লাভৰ পৰিমাণকে প্ৰতিদান ফলন হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব পাৰোঁ। কোনো ব্যৱসায়িক প্ৰতিষ্ঠানে কি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিব, সেয়া অনুমান কৰিবলৈ আমি প্ৰশ্ন কৰোঁ: এনে পৰিস্থিতিত প্ৰতিষ্ঠানটোৱে কি নিৰ্ণয় গ্ৰহণ কৰিলে লাভ বৃহদায়িত হ'ব বুলি ভাবে? ই নিশ্চয় সেই নিৰ্ণয়েই গ্ৰহণ কৰিব। উদাহৰণ স্বৰূপে, ধৰি লওক গাখীৰ বিক্ৰেতা এজন আছে, যি চৰকাৰক গাখীৰ বিক্ৰী কৰে। চৰকাৰে এটি নিৰ্দিষ্ট মূল্যত গাখীৰ বিক্ৰী কৰে, আৰু বিক্ৰেতাই সেই মূল্যত যিমান বিচাৰে সিমান গাখীৰ বিক্ৰী কৰিব পাৰে। পিচে, তেওঁ অধিক মূল্য দাবী কৰিব নোৱাৰে। তেন্তে, তেওঁ যিকোনো অ-ঋণাত্মক পৰিমাণ বিক্ৰী কৰিব পাৰে, যাৰ অৰ্থ <math>X = B = \R_+</math>। যদি তেওঁ <math>q</math> লিটাৰ গাখীৰ বিক্ৰী কৰে আৰু চৰকাৰে দিয়া মূল্য প্ৰতি লিটাৰত <math>p</math>, তেন্তে তেওঁৰ ৰাজহ হ'ব <math>R(q) = pq</math>। পিচে, গাখীৰ উৎপাদন কৰিবলৈ তেওঁ টকা খৰচো কৰিব লাগে। ধৰি লওক <math>q</math> লিটাৰ গাখীৰ উৎপাদন কৰিবলৈ তেওঁ <math>C(q)</math> খৰচ কৰিব লাগে। সাধাৰণতে দেখা পোৱা যায় যে <math>C'(q) > 0, C''(q) > 0</math>। তেন্তে, গাখীৰ বিক্ৰেতাজনে কিমান লিটাৰ গাখীৰ বিক্ৰী কৰিব, সেই কথা অনুমান কৰিবলৈ আম এই প্ৰতিদান ফলন ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব পাৰোঁ: <math>\pi(q) = R(q) - C(q) = pq - C(q)</math>। তেন্তে এই বিক্ৰেতাৰ প্ৰতিদান বৃহদায়ন সমস্যা হ'ল <math>\max_{q \in \R_+} pq - C(q)</math> এই লাভ বৃহদায়িত কৰিবলৈ তেওঁ এই সমীকৰণ মানি চলিব লাগিব <math>p - C'(q) = 0</math> [[Category:Wb/as]] 4mv2zo7gitf7cs0v6fcpw8zgknr8ijp 0 3608321 6685246 6681481 2025-06-13T14:28:08Z Sauit 2605150 6685246 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:First issue of Cosmoglotta, 1922.jpg|197px|right]] '''''Cosmoglotta''''' — [[Wp/dlg/Оксиденталь|Оксиденталь]] тылын киин һурунаала. 1922 һылга [[Wp/dlg/Эдгар де Валь|Эдгар фон Вальынан]] ''Kosmoglott'' аатынан тэриллибитэ. 1927 һылтан (№38), һурунаал ''Cosmoglotta'' аатын һүгэр. Interlingue-Union тэрилтэ һүрүн һурунаала. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Оксиденталь]] {{INTERWIKI|Q3196878}} q7x759sbed3rvrpbw6b97d5e8h41bnc 0 3608322 6686147 6681810 2025-06-14T10:52:32Z Jon Gua 2593212 6686147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Висенте Косталаго |Ойуу = |Төрөөбүт күнэ = |Өлбүт күнэ = |Киһи үлэтэ = }} '''Висенте Косталаго''' — филолог, һуруйааччы, тулмаасчыт, учуонай уонна араас оӈоһуу тыллары кытта үлэлиир ааптар. Гини Испанияга төрөөбүтэ уонна Мадрид Автономнай университетыгар аныгы тыллары үөрэппитэ, өссүө Манчестер университетыгар интерпритацияны уонна тулмааһы үөрэппитэ. Гини тиэкистэри араас оӈоһуу тылларга һуруйбута, үксүн [[Wp/dlg/Оксиденталь|Интерлингве]] уонна Лингва франка нова тылларыгар һуруйар уонна бигэргэтэр этэ. Гини маӈнайгы бигэргэтиллибит кинигэтэ — «La xerca per Pahoa», Лингва франка нова тылын һуруллубут. Бу новелла Joan, Pahoa болот булаары, барыытын туһунан кэпсиир. Pahoa — магическэй күүстээк болот, ол болоту дьиӈнээк Линкуо коруоллугун салгааччыта туттуогун һөп. Бу маӈнайгы оригинальнай Лингва франка нова тылынан бигэргиллибит өһө. Атын бу тылынан бигэргэтиллибит кинигэлэр: «Pensas rimada», «Rancur» уонна «La Club de la Marcia» трилогията. Онтон нөӈүө, гини Оксиденталь тылынан бэчээттии сагалаабыта. Ол кинигэ — эмиэ оригинальнай тиэкис — «Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas». Атын бу тылынан бигэргэтиллибит кинигэлэр, «Li tresor de Fluvglant», «Subuqti», «Li Crímines de Cnocorran» уонна «Reminiscenties» киллэрэллэр. 2025 һылын, таба эмийдиир ыйыгар, гини «Euris estremeñus i sotras poemas» кинигэни бигэргэппитэ, Эстремадура тылынан һуруллубут маӈнайгы үлэтин һуруйбута. Ол кинигэ үс чааска быһыллыбыта, маӈнайгы ис коһоонугар хас даганы, араас Эстремадура дьоруойдарын туһунан, коһооннор; иккис ис коһоонугар эӈин-эӈин итэгэл туһунан коһооннор; онтон үһүс — эӈин-эӈин тиэмэлэрэ һуок коһооннор. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Оксиденталь]] [[Category:Wp/dlg/Лингуа франка нова]] {{INTERWIKI|Q97269314}} cjvr9oyfsay9vtwhwigzx7tngd5jvk8 0 3608395 6685683 6685136 2025-06-13T23:50:21Z BILL1 2523370 6685683 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Αἰολικὴ Διάλεκτος''' (''Αἰολιστί''· Αἰυλική), Ἑλληνικὴ Διάλεκτος ἦν, ὁμιλουμένη ὑπὸ τῶν Αἰολέων. Οἱ δὲ [[Wp/grc/Αἰολείς|Αἰολείς]], πατρίδαν Θεσσαλίαν ἔχοντες, ἐνῳκοῦντο καὶ τὴν νῆσον Λέσβον, τὴν Βοιωτίαν τήν τε γῆν Αἰολίδα, ἐν Ἀσίᾳ. Ἐκεῖ δὲ καὶ ἡ διάλεκτος ὁμιλεῖτο. <br> Αἰολίζοντες ποιειταί εἰσιν ἡ [[Wp/grc/Σαπφώ|Σαπφώ]] (Αἰολιστί· Ψαπφώ), ὁ [[Wp/grc/Ἀλκαῖος|Ἀλκαῖος]] (ἐξ οὓ τὸ Ἀλκαϊκὸν μέτρον) καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Κόριννα|Κόριννα]]. === Δεῖγμα Λόγου === '''Αἰολιστί''': Ὁ ἄνηρ ἐπ᾽ ὕδατος ἔστη τᾶς λίμνας, καὶ οἴκεον σὺν τᾷ αὔταυτου οἰκίᾳ, ἄπο κάκου.<br> '''Ἀττική''': Ὁ ἀνὴρ ἐφ᾽ ὕδατος ἔστη τῆς λίμνης, καὶ ᾤκει σὺν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ οἰκίᾳ, ἀπὸ κακοῦ.<br> '''Λέξεις ἐν Διαλέκτῳ:''' <br> ὄνυμα < ὄνομα <br> ὀνυμάζω < ὀνομάζω <br> ἔσλος < ἐσθλός <br> ἄλλυ < ἄλλο <br> ἀέλιος < ἥλιος <br> μέσσυϊ < μέση <br> πέσσυρες < τέσσαρες [[Category:Wp/grc]] {{INTERWIKI|Q406373}} so98g0vn0idhlzaikypcdcyekp7or94 6685705 6685683 2025-06-14T00:01:34Z Anaxicrates 2539505 6685705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Αἰολικὴ Διάλεκτος''' (''Αἰολιστί''· Αἰυλική), Ἑλληνικὴ Διάλεκτος ἦν, ὁμιλουμένη ὑπὸ τῶν Αἰολέων. Οἱ δὲ [[Wp/grc/Αἰολεῖς|Αἰολεῖς]], πατρίδαν Θεσσαλίαν ἔχοντες, ἐνῳκοῦντο καὶ τὴν νῆσον Λέσβον, τὴν Βοιωτίαν τήν τε γῆν Αἰολίδα, ἐν Ἀσίᾳ. Ἐκεῖ δὲ καὶ ἡ διάλεκτος ὁμιλεῖτο. <br> Αἰολίζοντες ποιειταί εἰσιν ἡ [[Wp/grc/Σαπφώ|Σαπφώ]] (Αἰολιστί· Ψαπφώ), ὁ [[Wp/grc/Ἀλκαῖος|Ἀλκαῖος]] (ἐξ οὓ τὸ Ἀλκαϊκὸν μέτρον) καὶ ἡ [[Wp/grc/Κόριννα|Κόριννα]]. === Δεῖγμα Λόγου === '''Αἰολιστί''': Ὁ ἄνηρ ἐπ᾽ ὕδατος ἔστη τᾶς λίμνας, καὶ οἴκεον σὺν τᾷ αὔταυτου οἰκίᾳ, ἄπο κάκου.<br> '''Ἀττική''': Ὁ ἀνὴρ ἐφ᾽ ὕδατος ἔστη τῆς λίμνης, καὶ ᾤκει σὺν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ οἰκίᾳ, ἀπὸ κακοῦ.<br> '''Λέξεις ἐν Διαλέκτῳ:''' <br> ὄνυμα < ὄνομα <br> ὀνυμάζω < ὀνομάζω <br> ἔσλος < ἐσθλός <br> ἄλλυ < ἄλλο <br> ἀέλιος < ἥλιος <br> μέσσυϊ < μέση <br> πέσσυρες < τέσσαρες [[Category:Wp/grc]] {{INTERWIKI|Q406373}} 8to4k132rok4bbm40yqreo4nxdh6iet 0 3608587 6685938 6684933 2025-06-14T05:27:02Z Swarabakti 2526161 clean up, replaced: {{Wt/bew/box-top}} → ===Pelapalan==, ===Pelapalan=== → {{Wt/bew/box-top} 6685938 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|plm}}== ===Pelapalan=== {{Wt/bew/box-top}} * [coŋ] {{Wt/bew/box-end}} {{Wt/bew/head|plm|num=1}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|plm}} [[Wt/bew/acung|acung]] {{Wt/bew/head|plm|num=2}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|plm}} tèrong; [[:species:Solanum melongena|''Solanum melongena'']] # {{Wt/bew/-n-|plm}} [[:species:Solanum|''Solanum sp.'']] ====Setilah lorodan==== {{Wt/bew/der-top}} * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|cûng bulu}} * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|cûng kediro}} * {{Wt/bew/l|plm|cûng koka'}} {{Wt/bew/der-bottom}} {{Wt/bew/head|plm|num=3}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|plm}} {{Wt/bew/ragem|plm|q=geroan|cûcûng|t=cucu}} [[Category:Wt/bew]] lc7n6uvsi3vptm7vuodr7ql86sya1rq 0 3608641 6685216 6685213 2025-06-13T12:11:27Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685216 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Mekka|Mekka]], [[Wp/isv/Hejaz|Hejaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hejaz|Hejaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunya (u Arab)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hašim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} t7or03qsnwekvld9bxm3qu6bgeweu41 6685257 6685216 2025-06-13T14:34:14Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }}--> | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati jego [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) go dava za oglědanje kormilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali kormilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznji i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 8jiyighf362pqmpjyvn0qt6pnjr66gw 6685258 6685257 2025-06-13T14:34:41Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }}--> | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|100px|]] }} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati jego [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) go dava za oglědanje kormilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali kormilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznji i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 9m9pflnv0z0nq3196chppujqxy3xkio 6685274 6685258 2025-06-13T14:38:27Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }}--> | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati jego [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) go dava za oglědanje kormilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali kormilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznji i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} kxdb8ss7g4lb4rby1xodwxmatpz3vxc 6685276 6685274 2025-06-13T14:38:51Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati jego [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) go dava za oglědanje kormilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali kormilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznji i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 6eqrx854bm9qms1u0aj78rh8v6rndk4 6685290 6685276 2025-06-13T14:46:00Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umira ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 5s06iw3g0urhc08jsiu9fw9bjc3lx15 6685298 6685290 2025-06-13T14:47:52Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi ot roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, za da by izrastli zdravi, daleko ot bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), no na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jego mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on jede k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod opěkoju svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 58dxpnenm83lgcr576kh6rk6med7hxh 6685447 6685298 2025-06-13T16:57:31Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' и '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religiozny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 1sf1okn12xjl9a5xorcqbi4f5ov8lwk 6685460 6685447 2025-06-13T17:33:55Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodninnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} pdtbge5yrlt78rc2kkfentg00okdraw 6685463 6685460 2025-06-13T17:37:33Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodinnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} qemrt93aoyx8zigqn8iir5uefb9y5q4 6685464 6685463 2025-06-13T17:38:17Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hatam an-Nabijjin|Hātim an-Nâbîjīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodinnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby, i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} e0tnuwxvmmpefhkyrld30dpstujmvkx 6685526 6685464 2025-06-13T19:06:28Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn|Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji život == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodinnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby, i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 563kj4sphhxm55lvtqojk9774y0cgh6 6685527 6685526 2025-06-13T19:07:32Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji život */ 6685527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn|Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji žitje == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšim v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodinnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby, i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} m5fypugmn5lglot5qqh3nto9wxzodfz 6685528 6685527 2025-06-13T19:08:10Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji žitje */ 6685528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn|Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji žitje == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšem v svoje vreme trgovym centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodinnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby, i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 2jqgtsgwcaqxrwku0qn3hnxamb3hkr9 6685529 6685528 2025-06-13T19:08:32Z Ilja isv 2601220 /* Ranji žitje */ 6685529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn|Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečat Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji žitje == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšem v svoje vreme trgovom centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodinnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby, i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} 6o9kz7guefvlw2gygfbosd596uu4xff 6685850 6685529 2025-06-14T03:40:16Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/isv/Kartka osoba | name = {{Wp/isv/Big|Muhamad}}<br />{{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّدٌ}} | honorific_suffix = | image = [[File:Prophet Muhammad Name Arabic Calligraphy (with sAaws).png|center|250px|Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku]] | caption = Kaligrafično izobraženje imene Proroka na arabskom jezyku | birth_name = Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh <br> ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|مُحَمَّد بِن عَبد الله}}) | birth_date = 570 | birth_place = [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabija]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | death_date = 8 juna 632 | death_place = [[Wp/isv/Medina|Medina]], [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžaz]], [[Wp/isv/Arabiijsky poloostrov|Arabia]]<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | body_discovered = | resting_place = [[Wp/isv/Zelena kupola|Zelena kupola]] v [[Wp/isv/Al-Masdžid an-Nabavi|al-Masdžid an-Nabavi]], Medina<br />(v naše dni [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) | resting_place_coordinates = {{Wp/isv/Coord|24|28|03.22|N|039|36|41.18|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=title|name=Zelena kupola}} | monuments = | other_names = {{Wp/isv/Unbulleted list|style=line-height:1.3em; |''Abu al-Kasim'' ([[Wp/isv/Kunja (u Arabov)|prězvišče]]) |''Rasul Allāh'' (Poslannik Boga) |''(sm. [[Wp/isv/Imena i tituly Muhamada|Imena i tituly Muhamada]])''}} | years_active = 583–609 kako kupec<br />609–632 kako religijny vodž | employer = | notable_works = [[Wp/isv/Konstitucija Mediny|Konstitucija Mediny]] | predecessor = | successor = [[Wp/isv/Nastupniky Muhamada|Nastupniky Muhamada]] | spouse = {{Wp/isv/Aligned table|style=line-height:120%;right=y|row1header=y|nowrap1=y|nowrap2=y | [[Wp/isv/Ženy Muhamada|Ženy Muhamada]] | Lěta | [[Wp/isv/Hadidža bint Huvajlid|Hadidža bint Huvajlid]] |595–619 | [[Wp/isv/Sawda bint Zamʿa|Sawda bint Zamʿa]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Aiša|Aiša bint Abi Bakr]] |619–632 | [[Wp/isv/Hafsa bint Umar|Hafsa bint Umar]] |624–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Huzajma|Zajnab bint Huzajma]] |625–627 | [[Wp/isv/Umm Salama|Hind bint Abi Umajja]]|625–632 | [[Wp/isv/Zajnab bint Džahš|Zajnab bint Džahš]] |627–632 | [[Wp/isv/Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith|Džuwajrijja bint al-Harith]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Ramla bint Abi Sufjan|Ramla bint Abi Sufjan]] |628–632 | [[Wp/isv/Rajhana bint Zaid|Rajhana bint Zaid]] |629–631 | [[Wp/isv/Safijja bint Hujaji|Safijja bint Hujaji]] |629–632 | [[Wp/isv/Majmunah bint al-Harith|Majmunah bint al-Harith]] |630–632 | [[Wp/isv/Marija al-Kibtijja|Marija al-Kibtijja]] |630–632 }} | children = [[Wp/isv/Děti Muhamada|Děti]] | parents = [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib]] (otec)<br>[[Wp/isv/Aminah|Aminah bint Wahb]] (mati) | relatives = [[Wp/isv/Rodinno drěvo Muhamada|Rodinno drěvo Muhamada]], [[Wp/isv/Ahl al-Bajt|Ahl al-Bajt]]&nbsp;("Rodina Doma") | module = {{Wp/isv/Kartka arabsko ime|embed=yes | ism = Muhammad | nasab = Muḥammad ibn [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|'Abd Allah]] ibn '[[Wp/isv/Abdul-Muttalib|Abdul-Muttalib]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hašim]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Abd Manaf ibn Kusai|'Abd Manaf]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kusai ibn Kilab|Kusai]] ibn [[Wp/isv/Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilab]] | kunya = Abu [[Wp/isv/Kasim ibn Muhammad|al-Kasim]] | laqab = [[Wp/isv/Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn|Hātim an-Nâbîdžīn]] (Poslědny iz Prorokov) }} | signature = [[File:Muhammad Seal.svg|center|150px|]] |signature_type=Pečet}} '''Muhamad''' ({{Wp/isv/Lang|ar|محمد}} [mʊħɑmmæd], ^{{{Wp/isv/Zvuk|Ar-muhammad.ogg|izgovor}}}), takože '''Mohamad, Muhammed''' i '''Magomet''', jest [[Wp/isv/Araby|arabski]] [[Wp/isv/Religija|religijny]] i [[Wp/isv/Politika|političny]] vodž i Prorok [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islama]]. Jest takože izvestny kako '''Abu Kasim ibn Abd Abdullah'''. Byl nazvany "Pečet Prorokov" ili v vyše točnom prěkladu, "Poslědny iz Prorokov". == Ranji žitje == Muhamad ('''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''') rodil se v 570 ili 571 g. v gradu [[Wp/isv/Meka|Meka]] v [[Wp/isv/Hidžaz|Hidžazu]] (dnešna [[Wp/isv/Saudovska Arabija|Saudovska Arabija]]) – procvětavšem v svoje vreme trgovom centru na trgovom putu, koj jest svezyval [[Wp/isv/Jemen|Jemen]] so [[Wp/isv/Srědozemnomorje|Srědozemnomorjem]]. Proizhodi iz roda [[Wp/isv/Banu Hašim|Banu Hašim]] plemena [[Wp/isv/Koraiš|koraiš]], ktoro jest upravljalo gradom. Jego otec [[Wp/isv/Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abdullah]] ("rab Boga") jest umrl prěd jego rodženjem, kogda byl na trgovanju v gradu [[Wp/isv/Basra|Basra]] (dnešny [[Wp/isv/Irak|Irak]]). Mati [[Wp/isv/Aminah bint Wahb|Amina]] ("blagočestiva“) jego dava za oglědanje krmilice imenom [[Wp/isv/Halima|Halima]] (po tradicije novorodžene se davali krmilicam od plemena, koje jest žilo v pustynje, da by izrastli zdravi, daleko od bolěznjij i [[Wp/isv/Epidemija|epidemij]] v gradu), ale na 4-godišny vozrast, prěstrašena čudnym sobytjem, izvestnym kako "otvarjanje grudi“, ona jego vratila do grada k jegovoj mati. Kogda Mohamedu bylo 6 lět, pri putuvanju obratno od rodinnogo gostěvanja do [[Wp/isv/Medina|Mediny]] umiraje jemu mati slěd jejinoj hvoroby, i on ide k svojemu dědu [[Wp/isv/Abd al Muttalib|Abd al Muttalibu]], koj umiraje ješče slěd 2 lět. Buduči prorok ostava pod dbanjem svojego stryjca [[Wp/isv/Abu Talib|Abu Taliba]]. {{Wp/isv/-|''Under construction''}} == Svezane članky == * [[Wp/isv/Islam|Islam]] == Čitati dalje == * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Mubarakfuri | first = Safiurrahman | others = prěvod s arabskogo: Mariana Malinova | title = Светли страници от житието на Мухаммед | origyear = 2006 | url = http://www.islamforbulgaria.com/onlinelibrary/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf | publisher = Прозрение-1424; К-принт | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-915-152-2 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Jylmyz | first = Hajati | others = Memiš Merdan (prěklad) | title = Хазрети Мухаммед и ислямското общество | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija | isbn = 978-954-9880-16-8 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Bej | first = Esad | title = Мохамед – биография | origyear = 2008 | publisher = Гуторанов и Син | location = Sofija | isbn = 954-5072-12-1 }} * {{Wp/isv/Cite book | last = Kandemir | first = Jašar | title = Хз. Мухамед (с.а.в.) | origyear = 2007 | publisher = Главно мюфтийство на мюсюлманите в Република България | location = Sofija }} * Теофанов, Цветан. Феноменология на пророка. София, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015. ISBN 978-954-07-3987-8. ==Linky i referencije== {{Wp/isv/Iztočniky}} ==Vnešnje linky== * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/miracles/wunder_prophet.html Чудесата на пророка Мухаммед] * [http://www.way-to-allah.com/bul/documents/Jitieto_na_Muhammed(a.s.s.).pdf Житието на Мухаммед] * [http://islam-bg.blogspot.com/2008/02/blog-post.html Мохаммед (С.А.С.)] {{Wp/isv/Prěvod|bg|Мохамед}} [[Category:Wp/isv]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Islam]] [[Category:Wp/isv/Araby]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9458}} co4y0ftla6w6ry4jijke3ec77iflyjd 10 3608648 6685473 6685210 2025-06-13T18:08:58Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard <!--| above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div 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> 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gigk81shl1l6xcof4sstov4nvqd613x 6685474 6685473 2025-06-13T18:10:09Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard | above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div class="fn">{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{Wp/isv/PAGENAMEBASE}}}}</div>{{#if:{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%;{{{abovestyle|}}} <!--| subheaderstyle = font-size:125%; | subheader = {{#switch:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes=<!--empty when this infobox is embedded-->|#default={{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|<div class="nickname" lang="{{{native_name_lang}}}">}}{{{native_name}}}{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|</div>}} }} }}--> | image = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{landscape|}}}}}|yes|{{min|300|{{#if:{{#ifexpr:{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|300|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}}}x200px|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|sizedefault=frameless|upright={{{image_upright|1}}}|alt={{{alt|}}}|suppressplaceholder=yes}} | caption = {{{image caption|{{{caption|{{{image_caption|}}}}}}}}} | label2 = Izgovor | data2 = {{{pronunciation|}}} | label10 = Rodil se | data10 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{#if:{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="nickname">{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}</div>}}|2={{{birth_date|}}}|3={{#if:{{{birth_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">{{{birth_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label11 = Kreščeny(-na) | data11 = {{#if:{{{birth_date|}}}||{{{baptized|{{{baptised|}}}}}}}} | label12 = Izguběny | data12 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{disappeared_date|}}}|2={{{disappeared_place|}}}}} | label13 = Status | data13 = {{{status|{{{disappeared_status|}}}}}} | label14 = Umrl | data14 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{death_date|}}}|2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">{{{death_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label15 = Pričina&nbsp;smrti | data15 = {{{death cause|{{{death_cause|}}}}}} | label16 = Tělo najdeno | data16 = {{{body discovered|{{{body_discovered|}}}}}} | label17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|Město upokojenja|Město pogreba}} | data17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{burial_place|}}}|2={{{burial_coordinates|}}}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{resting place|{{{resting_place|{{{restingplace|}}}}}}}}}|2={{{resting place coordinates|{{{resting_place_coordinates|{{{restingplacecoordinates|}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class17 = label | label18 = Pametniky | data18 = {{{monuments|}}} <!-- removed per discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_person&oldid=932429196#Residence_parameter | label19 = Byvanje | data19 = {{{residence|}}} | class19 = {{#if:{{{death_date|}}}{{{death_place|}}}||label}} --> | label20 = Narodnost | data20 = {{{nationality|}}} | class20 = category | label21 = Druge&nbsp;imena | data21 = {{{other names|{{{other_names|{{{othername|{{{nickname|{{{alias|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class21 = nickname | label22 = Siglum | data22 = {{{siglum|}}} | label23 = Gradžanstvo | data23 = {{{citizenship|}}} | class23 = category | label24 = Obrazovanje | data24 = {{{education|}}} | label25 = Alma&nbsp;mater | data25 = {{{alma mater|{{{alma_mater|}}}}}} | label26 = Zajetje{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{occupation|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data26 = {{{occupation|}}} | class26 = role | label27 = Aktivne&nbsp;lěta | data27 = {{{years active|{{{years_active|{{{yearsactive|}}}}}}}}} | label28 = Era | data28 = {{{era|}}} | class28 = category | label29 = Město&nbsp;raboty{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{employer|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data29 = {{{employer|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{employer|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika mestami raboty]]}}}} | class29 = org | label30 = {{#if:{{{organisation|}}}|Organisation|Organization}}{{#if:{{{organizations|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data30 = {{{organisation|{{{organization|{{{organizations|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika organizacijami]]}}}} | class30 = org | label31 = Agent{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data31 = {{{agent|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika agentami]]}}}} | class31 = agent | label32 = Izvestny&nbsp;za | data32 = {{{known for|{{{known_for|{{{known|}}}}}}}}} | label33 = Trudy | data33 = {{{works|}}} | label34 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Izvěstne zaslugy{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}</span> | data34 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}||<!-- -->{{{credits|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika zaslugami]]}}}}}} | label35 = Lejbl{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data35 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}||<!-- -->{{{label_name|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika lejblami]]}}}}}} | label36 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">|Izvěstne raboty</span> | data36 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}{{{label_name|}}}||{{{notable works|{{{notable_works|}}}}}}}} | label37 = Stilj | data37 = {{{style|}}} | class37 = category | label40 = Televizija | data40 = {{{television|}}} | label41 = Rast | data41 = {{#if:{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}{{{height_ft|}}}{{{height_in|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Convinfobox|{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{height_m|}}}|m|cm}}|{{{height_ft|}}}|ft|{{{height_in|}}}|in}}}}{{#if:{{{height|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Kartka person/height|{{{height|}}}}}}} | label42 = {{#if:{{{office|}}}|Ofis|Nazva}} | data42 = {{{office|{{{title|}}}}}} | class42 = title | label43 = Termin | data43 = {{{term|}}} | label44 = Prědhodnik | data44 = {{{predecessor|}}} | label45 = Nastupnik | data45 = {{{successor|}}} | label46 = Politična partija | data46 = {{{party|}}} | class46 = org | label47 = Druga politična<br />učast | data47 = {{{otherparty|}}} | class47 = org | label48 = Ruh | data48 = {{{movement|}}} | class48 = category | label49 = Protivnik{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data49 = {{{opponents|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents]]}}}} | label50 = Člen&nbsp;upravy | data50 = {{{boards|}}} | label51 = {{#if:{{{criminal_charges|}}}|Criminal charges|Criminal charge{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data51 = {{{criminal_charges|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges]]}}}} | label52 = Kara za zločin | data52 = {{{criminal penalty|{{{criminal_penalty|}}}}}} | label53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}}|Pravny status|Kriminalny status}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}} | {{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status}}}}}} | {{{criminal status|{{{criminal_status|}}}}}}}} | class53 = category | label54 = Suprug(a){{#if:{{{spouses|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data54 = {{{spouse|{{{spouses|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika suprugami/kami]]}}}} | label55 = Partner{{#if:{{{partners|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data55 = {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partners|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika partnerami]]}}}} | label56 = Děti | data56 = {{{children|}}} | label57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|Roditelj{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=(i)|plural=i}}|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|Roditelji|{{#if:{{{father|}}}|Otec|{{#if:{{{mother|}}}|Mati}}}}}}}} | data57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|{{{parents}}}|{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> raur6a9uflcm95lf8bm29alw7bbmro0 6685475 6685474 2025-06-13T18:11:05Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard | above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div class="fn">{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{Wp/isv/PAGENAMEBASE}}}}</div>{{#if:{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%;{{{abovestyle|}}} | subheaderstyle = font-size:125%; <!--| subheader = {{#switch:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes=<!--empty when this infobox is embedded-->|#default={{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|<div class="nickname" lang="{{{native_name_lang}}}">}}{{{native_name}}}{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|</div>}} }} }}--> | image = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{landscape|}}}}}|yes|{{min|300|{{#if:{{#ifexpr:{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|300|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}}}x200px|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|sizedefault=frameless|upright={{{image_upright|1}}}|alt={{{alt|}}}|suppressplaceholder=yes}} | caption = {{{image caption|{{{caption|{{{image_caption|}}}}}}}}} | label2 = Izgovor | data2 = {{{pronunciation|}}} | label10 = Rodil se | data10 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{#if:{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="nickname">{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}</div>}}|2={{{birth_date|}}}|3={{#if:{{{birth_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">{{{birth_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label11 = Kreščeny(-na) | data11 = {{#if:{{{birth_date|}}}||{{{baptized|{{{baptised|}}}}}}}} | label12 = Izguběny | data12 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{disappeared_date|}}}|2={{{disappeared_place|}}}}} | label13 = Status | data13 = {{{status|{{{disappeared_status|}}}}}} | label14 = Umrl | data14 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{death_date|}}}|2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">{{{death_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label15 = Pričina&nbsp;smrti | data15 = {{{death cause|{{{death_cause|}}}}}} | label16 = Tělo najdeno | data16 = {{{body discovered|{{{body_discovered|}}}}}} | label17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|Město upokojenja|Město pogreba}} | data17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{burial_place|}}}|2={{{burial_coordinates|}}}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{resting place|{{{resting_place|{{{restingplace|}}}}}}}}}|2={{{resting place coordinates|{{{resting_place_coordinates|{{{restingplacecoordinates|}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class17 = label | label18 = Pametniky | data18 = {{{monuments|}}} <!-- removed per discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_person&oldid=932429196#Residence_parameter | label19 = Byvanje | data19 = {{{residence|}}} | class19 = {{#if:{{{death_date|}}}{{{death_place|}}}||label}} --> | label20 = Narodnost | data20 = {{{nationality|}}} | class20 = category | label21 = Druge&nbsp;imena | data21 = {{{other names|{{{other_names|{{{othername|{{{nickname|{{{alias|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class21 = nickname | label22 = Siglum | data22 = {{{siglum|}}} | label23 = Gradžanstvo | data23 = {{{citizenship|}}} | class23 = category | label24 = Obrazovanje | data24 = {{{education|}}} | label25 = Alma&nbsp;mater | data25 = {{{alma mater|{{{alma_mater|}}}}}} | label26 = Zajetje{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{occupation|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data26 = {{{occupation|}}} | class26 = role | label27 = Aktivne&nbsp;lěta | data27 = {{{years active|{{{years_active|{{{yearsactive|}}}}}}}}} | label28 = Era | data28 = {{{era|}}} | class28 = category | label29 = Město&nbsp;raboty{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{employer|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data29 = {{{employer|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{employer|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika mestami raboty]]}}}} | class29 = org | label30 = {{#if:{{{organisation|}}}|Organisation|Organization}}{{#if:{{{organizations|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data30 = {{{organisation|{{{organization|{{{organizations|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika organizacijami]]}}}} | class30 = org | label31 = Agent{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data31 = {{{agent|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika agentami]]}}}} | class31 = agent | label32 = Izvestny&nbsp;za | data32 = {{{known for|{{{known_for|{{{known|}}}}}}}}} | label33 = Trudy | data33 = {{{works|}}} | label34 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Izvěstne zaslugy{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}</span> | data34 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}||<!-- -->{{{credits|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika zaslugami]]}}}}}} | label35 = Lejbl{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data35 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}||<!-- -->{{{label_name|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika lejblami]]}}}}}} | label36 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">|Izvěstne raboty</span> | data36 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}{{{label_name|}}}||{{{notable works|{{{notable_works|}}}}}}}} | label37 = Stilj | data37 = {{{style|}}} | class37 = category | label40 = Televizija | data40 = {{{television|}}} | label41 = Rast | data41 = {{#if:{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}{{{height_ft|}}}{{{height_in|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Convinfobox|{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{height_m|}}}|m|cm}}|{{{height_ft|}}}|ft|{{{height_in|}}}|in}}}}{{#if:{{{height|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Kartka person/height|{{{height|}}}}}}} | label42 = {{#if:{{{office|}}}|Ofis|Nazva}} | data42 = {{{office|{{{title|}}}}}} | class42 = title | label43 = Termin | data43 = {{{term|}}} | label44 = Prědhodnik | data44 = {{{predecessor|}}} | label45 = Nastupnik | data45 = {{{successor|}}} | label46 = Politična partija | data46 = {{{party|}}} | class46 = org | label47 = Druga politična<br />učast | data47 = {{{otherparty|}}} | class47 = org | label48 = Ruh | data48 = {{{movement|}}} | class48 = category | label49 = Protivnik{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data49 = {{{opponents|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents]]}}}} | label50 = Člen&nbsp;upravy | data50 = {{{boards|}}} | label51 = {{#if:{{{criminal_charges|}}}|Criminal charges|Criminal charge{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data51 = {{{criminal_charges|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges]]}}}} | label52 = Kara za zločin | data52 = {{{criminal penalty|{{{criminal_penalty|}}}}}} | label53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}}|Pravny status|Kriminalny status}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}} | {{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status}}}}}} | {{{criminal status|{{{criminal_status|}}}}}}}} | class53 = category | label54 = Suprug(a){{#if:{{{spouses|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data54 = {{{spouse|{{{spouses|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika suprugami/kami]]}}}} | label55 = Partner{{#if:{{{partners|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data55 = {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partners|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika partnerami]]}}}} | label56 = Děti | data56 = {{{children|}}} | label57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|Roditelj{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=(i)|plural=i}}|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|Roditelji|{{#if:{{{father|}}}|Otec|{{#if:{{{mother|}}}|Mati}}}}}}}} | data57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|{{{parents}}}|{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> j246mnvnoypzflhxjq5gjxr53zhivxh 6685477 6685475 2025-06-13T18:11:26Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard | above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific 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entries|1={{{death_date|}}}|2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">{{{death_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label15 = Pričina&nbsp;smrti | data15 = {{{death cause|{{{death_cause|}}}}}} | label16 = Tělo najdeno | data16 = {{{body discovered|{{{body_discovered|}}}}}} | label17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|Město upokojenja|Město pogreba}} | data17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{burial_place|}}}|2={{{burial_coordinates|}}}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{resting place|{{{resting_place|{{{restingplace|}}}}}}}}}|2={{{resting place coordinates|{{{resting_place_coordinates|{{{restingplacecoordinates|}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class17 = label | label18 = Pametniky | data18 = {{{monuments|}}} <!-- removed per discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_person&oldid=932429196#Residence_parameter | label19 = Byvanje | data19 = {{{residence|}}} | class19 = {{#if:{{{death_date|}}}{{{death_place|}}}||label}} --> | label20 = Narodnost | data20 = {{{nationality|}}} | class20 = category | label21 = Druge&nbsp;imena | data21 = {{{other names|{{{other_names|{{{othername|{{{nickname|{{{alias|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class21 = nickname | label22 = Siglum | data22 = {{{siglum|}}} | label23 = Gradžanstvo | data23 = {{{citizenship|}}} | class23 = category | label24 = Obrazovanje | data24 = {{{education|}}} | label25 = Alma&nbsp;mater | data25 = {{{alma mater|{{{alma_mater|}}}}}} | label26 = Zajetje{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{occupation|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data26 = {{{occupation|}}} | class26 = role | label27 = Aktivne&nbsp;lěta | data27 = {{{years active|{{{years_active|{{{yearsactive|}}}}}}}}} | label28 = Era | data28 = {{{era|}}} | class28 = category | label29 = Město&nbsp;raboty{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{employer|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data29 = {{{employer|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{employer|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika mestami raboty]]}}}} | class29 = org | label30 = {{#if:{{{organisation|}}}|Organisation|Organization}}{{#if:{{{organizations|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data30 = {{{organisation|{{{organization|{{{organizations|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika organizacijami]]}}}} | class30 = org | label31 = Agent{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data31 = {{{agent|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika agentami]]}}}} | class31 = agent | label32 = Izvestny&nbsp;za | data32 = {{{known for|{{{known_for|{{{known|}}}}}}}}} | label33 = Trudy | data33 = {{{works|}}} | label34 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Izvěstne zaslugy{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}</span> | data34 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}||<!-- -->{{{credits|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika zaslugami]]}}}}}} | label35 = Lejbl{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data35 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}||<!-- -->{{{label_name|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika lejblami]]}}}}}} | label36 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">|Izvěstne raboty</span> | data36 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}{{{label_name|}}}||{{{notable works|{{{notable_works|}}}}}}}} | label37 = Stilj | data37 = {{{style|}}} | class37 = category | label40 = Televizija | data40 = {{{television|}}} | label41 = Rast | data41 = {{#if:{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}{{{height_ft|}}}{{{height_in|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Convinfobox|{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{height_m|}}}|m|cm}}|{{{height_ft|}}}|ft|{{{height_in|}}}|in}}}}{{#if:{{{height|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Kartka person/height|{{{height|}}}}}}} | label42 = {{#if:{{{office|}}}|Ofis|Nazva}} | data42 = {{{office|{{{title|}}}}}} | class42 = title | label43 = Termin | data43 = {{{term|}}} | label44 = Prědhodnik | data44 = {{{predecessor|}}} | label45 = Nastupnik | data45 = {{{successor|}}} | label46 = Politična partija | data46 = {{{party|}}} | class46 = org | label47 = Druga politična<br />učast | data47 = {{{otherparty|}}} | class47 = org | label48 = Ruh | data48 = {{{movement|}}} | class48 = category | label49 = Protivnik{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data49 = {{{opponents|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents]]}}}} | label50 = Člen&nbsp;upravy | data50 = {{{boards|}}} | label51 = {{#if:{{{criminal_charges|}}}|Criminal charges|Criminal charge{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data51 = {{{criminal_charges|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges]]}}}} | label52 = Kara za zločin | data52 = {{{criminal penalty|{{{criminal_penalty|}}}}}} | label53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}}|Pravny status|Kriminalny status}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}} | {{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status}}}}}} | {{{criminal status|{{{criminal_status|}}}}}}}} | class53 = category | label54 = Suprug(a){{#if:{{{spouses|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data54 = {{{spouse|{{{spouses|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika suprugami/kami]]}}}} | label55 = Partner{{#if:{{{partners|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data55 = {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partners|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika partnerami]]}}}} | label56 = Děti | data56 = {{{children|}}} | label57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|Roditelj{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=(i)|plural=i}}|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|Roditelji|{{#if:{{{father|}}}|Otec|{{#if:{{{mother|}}}|Mati}}}}}}}} | data57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|{{{parents}}}|{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> f1v5xrzvf78782ns5vasoq0rf268943 6685478 6685477 2025-06-13T18:11:55Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard | above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div class="fn">{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{Wp/isv/PAGENAMEBASE}}}}</div>{{#if:{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%;{{{abovestyle|}}} | subheaderstyle = font-size:125%; <!--| subheader = {{#switch:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes=<!--empty when this infobox is embedded-->|#default={{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|<div class="nickname" lang="{{{native_name_lang}}}">}}{{{native_name}}}{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|</div>}}--> }} }} | image = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{landscape|}}}}}|yes|{{min|300|{{#if:{{#ifexpr:{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|300|{{{image 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entries|1={{{death_date|}}}|2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">{{{death_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label15 = Pričina&nbsp;smrti | data15 = {{{death cause|{{{death_cause|}}}}}} | label16 = Tělo najdeno | data16 = {{{body discovered|{{{body_discovered|}}}}}} | label17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|Město upokojenja|Město pogreba}} | data17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{burial_place|}}}|2={{{burial_coordinates|}}}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{resting place|{{{resting_place|{{{restingplace|}}}}}}}}}|2={{{resting place coordinates|{{{resting_place_coordinates|{{{restingplacecoordinates|}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class17 = label | label18 = Pametniky | data18 = {{{monuments|}}} <!-- removed per discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_person&oldid=932429196#Residence_parameter | label19 = Byvanje | data19 = {{{residence|}}} | class19 = {{#if:{{{death_date|}}}{{{death_place|}}}||label}} --> | label20 = Narodnost | data20 = {{{nationality|}}} | class20 = category | label21 = Druge&nbsp;imena | data21 = {{{other names|{{{other_names|{{{othername|{{{nickname|{{{alias|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class21 = nickname | label22 = Siglum | data22 = {{{siglum|}}} | label23 = Gradžanstvo | data23 = {{{citizenship|}}} | class23 = category | label24 = Obrazovanje | data24 = {{{education|}}} | label25 = Alma&nbsp;mater | data25 = {{{alma mater|{{{alma_mater|}}}}}} | label26 = Zajetje{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{occupation|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data26 = {{{occupation|}}} | class26 = role | label27 = Aktivne&nbsp;lěta | data27 = {{{years active|{{{years_active|{{{yearsactive|}}}}}}}}} | label28 = Era | data28 = {{{era|}}} | class28 = category | label29 = Město&nbsp;raboty{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{employer|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data29 = {{{employer|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{employer|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika mestami raboty]]}}}} | class29 = org | label30 = {{#if:{{{organisation|}}}|Organisation|Organization}}{{#if:{{{organizations|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data30 = {{{organisation|{{{organization|{{{organizations|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika organizacijami]]}}}} | class30 = org | label31 = Agent{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data31 = {{{agent|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika agentami]]}}}} | class31 = agent | label32 = Izvestny&nbsp;za | data32 = {{{known for|{{{known_for|{{{known|}}}}}}}}} | label33 = Trudy | data33 = {{{works|}}} | label34 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Izvěstne zaslugy{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}</span> | data34 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}||<!-- -->{{{credits|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika zaslugami]]}}}}}} | label35 = Lejbl{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data35 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}||<!-- -->{{{label_name|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika lejblami]]}}}}}} | label36 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">|Izvěstne raboty</span> | data36 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}{{{label_name|}}}||{{{notable works|{{{notable_works|}}}}}}}} | label37 = Stilj | data37 = {{{style|}}} | class37 = category | label40 = Televizija | data40 = {{{television|}}} | label41 = Rast | data41 = {{#if:{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}{{{height_ft|}}}{{{height_in|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Convinfobox|{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{height_m|}}}|m|cm}}|{{{height_ft|}}}|ft|{{{height_in|}}}|in}}}}{{#if:{{{height|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Kartka person/height|{{{height|}}}}}}} | label42 = {{#if:{{{office|}}}|Ofis|Nazva}} | data42 = {{{office|{{{title|}}}}}} | class42 = title | label43 = Termin | data43 = {{{term|}}} | label44 = Prědhodnik | data44 = {{{predecessor|}}} | label45 = Nastupnik | data45 = {{{successor|}}} | label46 = Politična partija | data46 = {{{party|}}} | class46 = org | label47 = Druga politična<br />učast | data47 = {{{otherparty|}}} | class47 = org | label48 = Ruh | data48 = {{{movement|}}} | class48 = category | label49 = Protivnik{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data49 = {{{opponents|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents]]}}}} | label50 = Člen&nbsp;upravy | data50 = {{{boards|}}} | label51 = {{#if:{{{criminal_charges|}}}|Criminal charges|Criminal charge{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data51 = {{{criminal_charges|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges]]}}}} | label52 = Kara za zločin | data52 = {{{criminal penalty|{{{criminal_penalty|}}}}}} | label53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}}|Pravny status|Kriminalny status}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}} | {{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status}}}}}} | {{{criminal status|{{{criminal_status|}}}}}}}} | class53 = category | label54 = Suprug(a){{#if:{{{spouses|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data54 = {{{spouse|{{{spouses|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika suprugami/kami]]}}}} | label55 = Partner{{#if:{{{partners|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data55 = {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partners|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika partnerami]]}}}} | label56 = Děti | data56 = {{{children|}}} | label57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|Roditelj{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=(i)|plural=i}}|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|Roditelji|{{#if:{{{father|}}}|Otec|{{#if:{{{mother|}}}|Mati}}}}}}}} | data57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|{{{parents}}}|{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> e7a388ywi4egf58vf83jxczel5o7xdq 6685479 6685478 2025-06-13T18:12:09Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard | above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div class="fn">{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{Wp/isv/PAGENAMEBASE}}}}</div>{{#if:{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%;{{{abovestyle|}}} | subheaderstyle = font-size:125%; | subheader = {{#switch:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes=<!--empty when this infobox is embedded-->|#default={{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|<div class="nickname" lang="{{{native_name_lang}}}">}}{{{native_name}}}{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|</div>}} }} }} | image = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{landscape|}}}}}|yes|{{min|300|{{#if:{{#ifexpr:{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|300|{{{image 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entries|1={{{death_date|}}}|2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">{{{death_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label15 = Pričina&nbsp;smrti | data15 = {{{death cause|{{{death_cause|}}}}}} | label16 = Tělo najdeno | data16 = {{{body discovered|{{{body_discovered|}}}}}} | label17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|Město upokojenja|Město pogreba}} | data17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{burial_place|}}}|2={{{burial_coordinates|}}}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{resting place|{{{resting_place|{{{restingplace|}}}}}}}}}|2={{{resting place coordinates|{{{resting_place_coordinates|{{{restingplacecoordinates|}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class17 = label | label18 = Pametniky | data18 = {{{monuments|}}} <!-- removed per discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_person&oldid=932429196#Residence_parameter | label19 = Byvanje | data19 = {{{residence|}}} | class19 = {{#if:{{{death_date|}}}{{{death_place|}}}||label}} --> | label20 = Narodnost | data20 = {{{nationality|}}} | class20 = category | label21 = Druge&nbsp;imena | data21 = {{{other names|{{{other_names|{{{othername|{{{nickname|{{{alias|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class21 = nickname | label22 = Siglum | data22 = {{{siglum|}}} | label23 = Gradžanstvo | data23 = {{{citizenship|}}} | class23 = category | label24 = Obrazovanje | data24 = {{{education|}}} | label25 = Alma&nbsp;mater | data25 = {{{alma mater|{{{alma_mater|}}}}}} | label26 = Zajetje{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{occupation|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data26 = {{{occupation|}}} | class26 = role | label27 = Aktivne&nbsp;lěta | data27 = {{{years active|{{{years_active|{{{yearsactive|}}}}}}}}} | label28 = Era | data28 = {{{era|}}} | class28 = category | label29 = Město&nbsp;raboty{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{employer|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data29 = {{{employer|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{employer|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika mestami raboty]]}}}} | class29 = org | label30 = {{#if:{{{organisation|}}}|Organisation|Organization}}{{#if:{{{organizations|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data30 = {{{organisation|{{{organization|{{{organizations|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika organizacijami]]}}}} | class30 = org | label31 = Agent{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data31 = {{{agent|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika agentami]]}}}} | class31 = agent | label32 = Izvestny&nbsp;za | data32 = {{{known for|{{{known_for|{{{known|}}}}}}}}} | label33 = Trudy | data33 = {{{works|}}} | label34 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Izvěstne zaslugy{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}</span> | data34 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}||<!-- -->{{{credits|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika zaslugami]]}}}}}} | label35 = Lejbl{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data35 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}||<!-- -->{{{label_name|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika lejblami]]}}}}}} | label36 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">|Izvěstne raboty</span> | data36 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}{{{label_name|}}}||{{{notable works|{{{notable_works|}}}}}}}} | label37 = Stilj | data37 = {{{style|}}} | class37 = category | label40 = Televizija | data40 = {{{television|}}} | label41 = Rast | data41 = {{#if:{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}{{{height_ft|}}}{{{height_in|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Convinfobox|{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{height_m|}}}|m|cm}}|{{{height_ft|}}}|ft|{{{height_in|}}}|in}}}}{{#if:{{{height|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Kartka person/height|{{{height|}}}}}}} | label42 = {{#if:{{{office|}}}|Ofis|Nazva}} | data42 = {{{office|{{{title|}}}}}} | class42 = title | label43 = Termin | data43 = {{{term|}}} | label44 = Prědhodnik | data44 = {{{predecessor|}}} | label45 = Nastupnik | data45 = {{{successor|}}} | label46 = Politična partija | data46 = {{{party|}}} | class46 = org | label47 = Druga politična<br />učast | data47 = {{{otherparty|}}} | class47 = org | label48 = Ruh | data48 = {{{movement|}}} | class48 = category | label49 = Protivnik{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data49 = {{{opponents|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents]]}}}} | label50 = Člen&nbsp;upravy | data50 = {{{boards|}}} | label51 = {{#if:{{{criminal_charges|}}}|Criminal charges|Criminal charge{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data51 = {{{criminal_charges|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges]]}}}} | label52 = Kara za zločin | data52 = {{{criminal penalty|{{{criminal_penalty|}}}}}} | label53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}}|Pravny status|Kriminalny status}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}} | {{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status}}}}}} | {{{criminal status|{{{criminal_status|}}}}}}}} | class53 = category | label54 = Suprug(a){{#if:{{{spouses|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data54 = {{{spouse|{{{spouses|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika suprugami/kami]]}}}} | label55 = Partner{{#if:{{{partners|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data55 = {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partners|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika partnerami]]}}}} | label56 = Děti | data56 = {{{children|}}} | label57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|Roditelj{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=(i)|plural=i}}|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|Roditelji|{{#if:{{{father|}}}|Otec|{{#if:{{{mother|}}}|Mati}}}}}}}} | data57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|{{{parents}}}|{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> hcs17c5b4sk2ay6lvf5hditup8yhu75 6685483 6685479 2025-06-13T18:15:06Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard | above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div class="fn">{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{Wp/isv/PAGENAMEBASE}}}}</div>{{#if:{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%;{{{abovestyle|}}} | subheaderstyle = font-size:125%; | subheader = {{#switch:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes=<!--empty when this infobox is embedded-->|#default={{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|<div class="nickname" lang="{{{native_name_lang}}}">}}{{{native_name}}}{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|</div>}} }} }} | image = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{landscape|}}}}}|yes|{{min|300|{{#if:{{#ifexpr:{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|300|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}}}x200px|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|sizedefault=frameless|upright={{{image_upright|1}}}|alt={{{alt|}}}|suppressplaceholder=yes}} | caption = {{{image caption|{{{caption|{{{image_caption|}}}}}}}}} | label2 = Izgovor | data2 = {{{pronunciation|}}} | label10 = Rodil se | data10 = <!--{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{#if:{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="nickname">{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}</div>}}|2={{{birth_date|}}}|3={{#if:{{{birth_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">{{{birth_place|}}}</div>}}}}--> | label11 = Kreščeny(-na) | data11 = {{#if:{{{birth_date|}}}||{{{baptized|{{{baptised|}}}}}}}} | label12 = Izguběny | data12 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{disappeared_date|}}}|2={{{disappeared_place|}}}}} | label13 = Status | data13 = {{{status|{{{disappeared_status|}}}}}} | label14 = Umrl | data14 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{death_date|}}}|2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">{{{death_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label15 = Pričina&nbsp;smrti | data15 = {{{death cause|{{{death_cause|}}}}}} | label16 = Tělo najdeno | data16 = {{{body discovered|{{{body_discovered|}}}}}} | label17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|Město upokojenja|Město pogreba}} | data17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{burial_place|}}}|2={{{burial_coordinates|}}}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{resting place|{{{resting_place|{{{restingplace|}}}}}}}}}|2={{{resting place coordinates|{{{resting_place_coordinates|{{{restingplacecoordinates|}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class17 = label | label18 = Pametniky | data18 = {{{monuments|}}} <!-- removed per discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_person&oldid=932429196#Residence_parameter | label19 = Byvanje | data19 = {{{residence|}}} | class19 = {{#if:{{{death_date|}}}{{{death_place|}}}||label}} --> | label20 = Narodnost | data20 = {{{nationality|}}} | class20 = category | label21 = Druge&nbsp;imena | data21 = {{{other names|{{{other_names|{{{othername|{{{nickname|{{{alias|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class21 = nickname | label22 = Siglum | data22 = {{{siglum|}}} | label23 = Gradžanstvo | data23 = {{{citizenship|}}} | class23 = category | label24 = Obrazovanje | data24 = {{{education|}}} | label25 = Alma&nbsp;mater | data25 = {{{alma mater|{{{alma_mater|}}}}}} | label26 = Zajetje{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{occupation|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data26 = {{{occupation|}}} | class26 = role | label27 = Aktivne&nbsp;lěta | data27 = {{{years active|{{{years_active|{{{yearsactive|}}}}}}}}} | label28 = Era | data28 = {{{era|}}} | class28 = category | label29 = Město&nbsp;raboty{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{employer|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data29 = {{{employer|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{employer|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika mestami raboty]]}}}} | class29 = org | label30 = {{#if:{{{organisation|}}}|Organisation|Organization}}{{#if:{{{organizations|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data30 = {{{organisation|{{{organization|{{{organizations|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika organizacijami]]}}}} | class30 = org | label31 = Agent{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data31 = {{{agent|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika agentami]]}}}} | class31 = agent | label32 = Izvestny&nbsp;za | data32 = {{{known for|{{{known_for|{{{known|}}}}}}}}} | label33 = Trudy | data33 = {{{works|}}} | label34 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Izvěstne zaslugy{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}</span> | data34 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}||<!-- -->{{{credits|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika zaslugami]]}}}}}} | label35 = Lejbl{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data35 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}||<!-- -->{{{label_name|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika lejblami]]}}}}}} | label36 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">|Izvěstne raboty</span> | data36 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}{{{label_name|}}}||{{{notable works|{{{notable_works|}}}}}}}} | label37 = Stilj | data37 = {{{style|}}} | class37 = category | label40 = Televizija | data40 = {{{television|}}} | label41 = Rast | data41 = {{#if:{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}{{{height_ft|}}}{{{height_in|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Convinfobox|{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{height_m|}}}|m|cm}}|{{{height_ft|}}}|ft|{{{height_in|}}}|in}}}}{{#if:{{{height|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Kartka person/height|{{{height|}}}}}}} | label42 = {{#if:{{{office|}}}|Ofis|Nazva}} | data42 = {{{office|{{{title|}}}}}} | class42 = title | label43 = Termin | data43 = {{{term|}}} | label44 = Prědhodnik | data44 = {{{predecessor|}}} | label45 = Nastupnik | data45 = {{{successor|}}} | label46 = Politična partija | data46 = {{{party|}}} | class46 = org | label47 = Druga politična<br />učast | data47 = {{{otherparty|}}} | class47 = org | label48 = Ruh | data48 = {{{movement|}}} | class48 = category | label49 = Protivnik{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data49 = {{{opponents|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents]]}}}} | label50 = Člen&nbsp;upravy | data50 = {{{boards|}}} | label51 = {{#if:{{{criminal_charges|}}}|Criminal charges|Criminal charge{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data51 = {{{criminal_charges|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges]]}}}} | label52 = Kara za zločin | data52 = {{{criminal penalty|{{{criminal_penalty|}}}}}} | label53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}}|Pravny status|Kriminalny status}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}} | {{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status}}}}}} | {{{criminal status|{{{criminal_status|}}}}}}}} | class53 = category | label54 = Suprug(a){{#if:{{{spouses|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data54 = {{{spouse|{{{spouses|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika suprugami/kami]]}}}} | label55 = Partner{{#if:{{{partners|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data55 = {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partners|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{partner|{{{domesticpartner|{{{domestic_partner|{{{partner(s)|}}}}}}}}}}}} |likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika partnerami]]}}}} | label56 = Děti | data56 = {{{children|}}} | label57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|Roditelj{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=(i)|plural=i}}|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|Roditelji|{{#if:{{{father|}}}|Otec|{{#if:{{{mother|}}}|Mati}}}}}}}} | data57 = {{#if:{{{parents|}}}|{{{parents}}}|{{#ifexpr:{{Wp/isv/count|{{{father|}}}|{{{mother|}}}}} > 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> flbpmp51zxsj67gx3kpwswbabrkpy35 6685484 6685483 2025-06-13T18:15:48Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/isv/Infobox|infoboxTemplate|child={{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}} | bodyclass = biography vcard | above = {{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div class="fn">{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{Wp/isv/PAGENAMEBASE}}}}</div>{{#if:{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}} | abovestyle = font-size:125%;{{{abovestyle|}}} | subheaderstyle = font-size:125%; | subheader = {{#switch:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes=<!--empty when this infobox is embedded-->|#default={{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|<div class="nickname" lang="{{{native_name_lang}}}">}}{{{native_name}}}{{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|</div>}} }} }} | image = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{landscape|}}}}}|yes|{{min|300|{{#if:{{#ifexpr:{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|300|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}}}x200px|{{{image size|{{{image_size|{{{imagesize|}}}}}}}}}}}|sizedefault=frameless|upright={{{image_upright|1}}}|alt={{{alt|}}}|suppressplaceholder=yes}} | caption = {{{image caption|{{{caption|{{{image_caption|}}}}}}}}} | label2 = Izgovor | data2 = {{{pronunciation|}}} | label10 = Rodil se | data10 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{#if:{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="nickname">{{{birth_name|{{{birthname|}}}}}}</div>}}|2={{{birth_date|}}}|3={{#if:{{{birth_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">{{{birth_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label11 = Kreščeny(-na) | data11 = <!--{{#if:{{{birth_date|}}}||{{{baptized|{{{baptised|}}}}}}}}--> | label12 = Izguběny | data12 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{disappeared_date|}}}|2={{{disappeared_place|}}}}} | label13 = Status | data13 = {{{status|{{{disappeared_status|}}}}}} | label14 = Umrl | data14 = {{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{death_date|}}}|2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|<div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">{{{death_place|}}}</div>}}}} | label15 = Pričina&nbsp;smrti | data15 = {{{death cause|{{{death_cause|}}}}}} | label16 = Tělo najdeno | data16 = {{{body discovered|{{{body_discovered|}}}}}} | label17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|Město upokojenja|Město pogreba}} | data17 = {{#if:{{{burial_place|}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{burial_place|}}}|2={{{burial_coordinates|}}}}}|{{Wp/isv/Br separated entries|1={{{resting place|{{{resting_place|{{{restingplace|}}}}}}}}}|2={{{resting place coordinates|{{{resting_place_coordinates|{{{restingplacecoordinates|}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class17 = label | label18 = Pametniky | data18 = {{{monuments|}}} <!-- removed per discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_person&oldid=932429196#Residence_parameter | label19 = Byvanje | data19 = {{{residence|}}} | class19 = {{#if:{{{death_date|}}}{{{death_place|}}}||label}} --> | label20 = Narodnost | data20 = {{{nationality|}}} | class20 = category | label21 = Druge&nbsp;imena | data21 = {{{other names|{{{other_names|{{{othername|{{{nickname|{{{alias|}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} | class21 = nickname | label22 = Siglum | data22 = {{{siglum|}}} | label23 = Gradžanstvo | data23 = {{{citizenship|}}} | class23 = category | label24 = Obrazovanje | data24 = {{{education|}}} | label25 = Alma&nbsp;mater | data25 = {{{alma mater|{{{alma_mater|}}}}}} | label26 = Zajetje{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{occupation|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data26 = {{{occupation|}}} | class26 = role | label27 = Aktivne&nbsp;lěta | data27 = {{{years active|{{{years_active|{{{yearsactive|}}}}}}}}} | label28 = Era | data28 = {{{era|}}} | class28 = category | label29 = Město&nbsp;raboty{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{employer|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data29 = {{{employer|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text| {{{employer|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika mestami raboty]]}}}} | class29 = org | label30 = {{#if:{{{organisation|}}}|Organisation|Organization}}{{#if:{{{organizations|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data30 = {{{organisation|{{{organization|{{{organizations|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{organization|{{{organisation|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika organizacijami]]}}}} | class30 = org | label31 = Agent{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data31 = {{{agent|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{agent|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika agentami]]}}}} | class31 = agent | label32 = Izvestny&nbsp;za | data32 = {{{known for|{{{known_for|{{{known|}}}}}}}}} | label33 = Trudy | data33 = {{{works|}}} | label34 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Izvěstne zaslugy{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}</span> | data34 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}||<!-- -->{{{credits|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{credits|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika zaslugami]]}}}}}} | label35 = Lejbl{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data35 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}||<!-- -->{{{label_name|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{label_name|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranica koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika lejblami]]}}}}}} | label36 = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">|Izvěstne raboty</span> | data36 = {{#if:{{{works|}}}{{{credits|}}}{{{label_name|}}}||{{{notable works|{{{notable_works|}}}}}}}} | label37 = Stilj | data37 = {{{style|}}} | class37 = category | label40 = Televizija | data40 = {{{television|}}} | label41 = Rast | data41 = {{#if:{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}{{{height_ft|}}}{{{height_in|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Convinfobox|{{{height_m|{{{height_cm|}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{height_m|}}}|m|cm}}|{{{height_ft|}}}|ft|{{{height_in|}}}|in}}}}{{#if:{{{height|}}} | {{Wp/isv/Kartka person/height|{{{height|}}}}}}} | label42 = {{#if:{{{office|}}}|Ofis|Nazva}} | data42 = {{{office|{{{title|}}}}}} | class42 = title | label43 = Termin | data43 = {{{term|}}} | label44 = Prědhodnik | data44 = {{{predecessor|}}} | label45 = Nastupnik | data45 = {{{successor|}}} | label46 = Politična partija | data46 = {{{party|}}} | class46 = org | label47 = Druga politična<br />učast | data47 = {{{otherparty|}}} | class47 = org | label48 = Ruh | data48 = {{{movement|}}} | class48 = category | label49 = Protivnik{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}} | data49 = {{{opponents|}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{opponents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents]]}}}} | label50 = Člen&nbsp;upravy | data50 = {{{boards|}}} | label51 = {{#if:{{{criminal_charges|}}}|Criminal charges|Criminal charge{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data51 = {{{criminal_charges|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{criminal charge|{{{criminal_charge|}}}}}}|likely=[[Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges]]}}}} | label52 = Kara za zločin | data52 = {{{criminal penalty|{{{criminal_penalty|}}}}}} | label53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}}|Pravny status|Kriminalny status}} | data53 = {{#if:{{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status|}}}}}} | {{{judicial status|{{{judicial_status}}}}}} | {{{criminal status|{{{criminal_status|}}}}}}}} | class53 = category | label54 = Suprug(a){{#if:{{{spouses|}}}|s|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{spouse|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}}} | data54 = {{{spouse|{{{spouses|{{{spouse(s)|}}}}}}}}}{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from 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> 1|{{Unbulleted list|{{{father}}} (otec)|{{{mother}}} (mati)}}|{{{mother|}}}{{{father|}}}}}}}<!-- -->{{Wp/isv/Main other|{{Wp/isv/Pluralize from text|{{{parents|}}}|likely=[[Category:Stranka koristaje šablon Kartka osoba s několika roditeljami]]}}}} | label58 = Srodniky | data58 = {{{relations|{{{relatives|}}}}}} | label59 = Rodina | data59 = {{{family|}}} | label60 = Psevdonim | data60 = {{{callsign|}}} | label61 = Nagrady | data61 = {{{awards|}}} | label62 = Zvanja | data62 = {{{honours|{{{honors|}}}}}} | data64 = {{{misc|{{{module|}}}}}} | data65 = {{{misc2|{{{module2|}}}}}} | data66 = {{{misc3|{{{module3|}}}}}} | data67 = {{{misc4|{{{module4|}}}}}} | data68 = {{{misc5|{{{module5|}}}}}} | data69 = {{{misc6|{{{module6|}}}}}} | label70 = Sajt | data70 = {{{website|{{{homepage|{{{URL|{{{url|}}}}}}}}}}}} | header71 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{Wp/isv/If empty|{{{signature_type|}}}|Podpis}}}} | data72 = {{#invoke:Wp/isv/InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size={{{signature_size|}}}|class=infobox-signature skin-invert|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{signature alt|{{{signature_alt|}}}}}}}} | header73 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|Primětky}} | data74 = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|<div style="text-align: left;">{{{footnotes}}}</div>}} <!-- -->[[Category:Stranicy s kartkami]] }}<!-- --><includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes||{{Wikidata image|1={{{image|}}}|2={{{nocat_wdimage|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 4qajnpp5ziltckj1xfj5tmg23g86kga 0 3608654 6685596 6685134 2025-06-13T22:25:48Z Zakaria Tunsung 2586001 /* Religious figures and theologians */ 6685596 wikitext text/x-wiki == Vorihuŋ saŋa yɛlɩtarɩhɩ sɛʋrɩ == === Dɛŋdɩɛnɩba, sɛʋsɛʋrɩba anɩŋ mɔdɩlɩ deme === # [[Wp/wlx/Sarah Bernhardt|Sarah Bernhardt]] # [[Wp/wlx/Charlie Chaplin|Charlie Chaplin]] # [[Wp/wlx/Marlene Dietrich|Marlene Dietrich]] # [[Wp/wlx/Marilyn Monroe|Marilyn Monroe]] === Mɛmɩɛrɩba anɩŋ pɛpɛhɩnɩba === # [[Wp/wlx/Le Corbusier|Le Corbusier]] # [[Wp/wlx/Salvador Dalí|Salvador Dalí]] # [[Wp/wlx/Albrecht Dürer|Albrecht Dürer]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Vincent van Gogh|Vincent van Gogh]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Francisco de Goya|Francisco de Goya]] # [[Wp/wlx/Katsushika Hokusai|Katsushika Hokusai]] # [[Wp/wlx/Frida Kahlo|Frida Kahlo]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Leonardo da Vinci|Leonardo da Vinci]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Henri Matisse|Henri Matisse]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Michelangelo|Michelangelo]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Pablo Picasso|Pablo Picasso]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Raphael|Raphael]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Rembrandt|Rembrandt]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Peter Paul Rubens|Peter Paul Rubens]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mimar Sinan|Mimar Sinan]] # [[Wp/wlx/Diego Velázquez|Diego Velázquez]] # [[Wp/wlx/Andy Warhol|Andy Warhol]] # [[Wp/wlx/Frank Lloyd Wright|Frank Lloyd Wright]] === Gbaŋsɛʋrɩba, dɩɛŋsɛʋrɩba anɩŋ laŋdɩɛrɩba === # [[Wp/wlx/Abu Nuwas|Abu Nuwas]] # [[Wp/wlx/Hans Christian Andersen|Hans Christian Andersen]] # [[Wp/wlx/Bashō|Bashō]] # [[Wp/wlx/Jorge Luis Borges|Jorge Luis Borges]] # [[Wp/wlx/George Byron|George Byron]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Miguel de Cervantes|Miguel de Cervantes]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Geoffrey Chaucer|Geoffrey Chaucer]] # [[Wp/wlx/Anton Chekhov|Anton Chekhov]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Dante Alighieri|Dante Alighieri]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Charles Dickens|Charles Dickens]] # [[Wp/wlx/Fyodor Dostoyevsky|Fyodor Dostoyevsky]] # [[Wp/wlx/Gabriel García Márquez|Gabriel García Márquez]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Hafez|Hafez]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Homer|Homer]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Victor Hugo|Victor Hugo]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/James Joyce|James Joyce]] # [[Wp/wlx/Franz Kafka|Franz Kafka]] # [[Wp/wlx/Kālidāsa|Kālidāsa]] # [[Wp/wlx/Li Bai|Li Bai]] # [[Wp/wlx/Naguib Mahfouz|Naguib Mahfouz]] # [[Wp/wlx/Molière|Molière]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ovid|Ovid]] # [[Wp/wlx/Marcel Proust|Marcel Proust]] # [[Wp/wlx/Alexander Pushkin|Alexander Pushkin]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/William Shakespeare|William Shakespeare]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Sophocles|Sophocles]] # [[Wp/wlx/Rabindranath Tagore|Rabindranath Tagore]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Leo Tolstoy|Leo Tolstoy]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Mark Twain|Mark Twain]] # [[Wp/wlx/Virgil|Virgil]] === Yieŋsɛʋrɩba anɩŋ yieŋyienibe === # [[Wp/wlx/Louis Armstrong|Louis Armstrong]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Johann Sebastian Bach|Johann Sebastian Bach]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/The Beatles|The Beatles]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Ludwig van Beethoven|Ludwig van Beethoven]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Johannes Brahms|Johannes Brahms]] # [[Wp/wlx/Frédéric Chopin|Frédéric Chopin]] # [[Wp/wlx/Antonín Dvořák|Antonín Dvořák]] # [[Wp/wlx/Georg Frideric Handel|Georg Frideric Handel]] # [[Wp/wlx/Joseph Haydn|Joseph Haydn]] # [[Wp/wlx/Gustav Mahler|Gustav Mahler]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina|Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]] # [[Wp/wlx/Édith Piaf|Édith Piaf]] # [[Wp/wlx/Elvis Presley|Elvis Presley]] # [[Wp/wlx/Giacomo Puccini|Giacomo Puccini]] # [[Wp/wlx/Franz Schubert|Franz Schubert]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Igor Stravinsky|Igor Stravinsky]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Petr Tchaikovsky|Petr Tchaikovsky]] # [[Wp/wlx/Giuseppe Verdi|Giuseppe Verdi]] # [[Wp/wlx/Antonio Vivaldi|Antonio Vivaldi]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Richard Wagner|Richard Wagner]]''' === Yɔyʋɔrɩba === # [[Wp/wlx/Roald Amundsen|Roald Amundsen]] # [[Wp/wlx/Neil Armstrong|Neil Armstrong]] # [[Wp/wlx/Jacques Cartier|Jacques Cartier]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Christopher Columbus|Christopher Columbus]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/James Cook|James Cook]] # [[Wp/wlx/Hernán Cortés|Hernán Cortés]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Yuri Gagarin|Yuri Gagarin]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Vasco da Gama|Vasco da Gama]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ibn Battuta|Ibn Battuta]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Ferdinand Magellan|Ferdinand Magellan]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Marco Polo|Marco Polo]] # [[Wp/wlx/Zheng He|Zheng He]] === Sini daarɛtahɩ sikiriŋraɩtahɩ === # [[Wp/wlx/Ingmar Bergman|Ingmar Bergman]] # [[Wp/wlx/Walt Disney|Walt Disney]] # [[Wp/wlx/Sergei Eisenstein|Sergei Eisenstein]] # [[Wp/wlx/Federico Fellini|Federico Fellini]] # [[Wp/wlx/Alfred Hitchcock|Alfred Hitchcock]] # [[Wp/wlx/Stanley Kubrick|Stanley Kubrick]] # [[Wp/wlx/Akira Kurosawa|Akira Kurosawa]] # [[Wp/wlx/Satyajit Ray|Satyajit Ray]] # [[Wp/wlx/Steven Spielberg|Steven Spielberg]] === Bʋŋmaanɩba, bʋŋnaanɩhɩ yɛlɩpɩɛhɩ bagɩnɩba anɩŋ jielibu bagɩnɩba === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Archimedes|Archimedes]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Avicenna|Avicenna]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tim Berners-Lee|Tim Berners-Lee]] # [[Wp/wlx/Brahmagupta|Brahmagupta]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Nicolaus Copernicus|Nicolaus Copernicus]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Marie Curie|Marie Curie]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Charles Darwin|Charles Darwin]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Thomas Edison|Thomas Edison]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Albert Einstein|Albert Einstein]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Euclid|Euclid]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Leonhard Euler|Leonhard Euler]] # [[Wp/wlx/Michael Faraday|Michael Faraday]] # [[Wp/wlx/Enrico Fermi|Enrico Fermi]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Henry Ford|Henry Ford]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Galen|Galen]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Galileo Galilei|Galileo Galilei]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Carl Friedrich Gauss|Carl Friedrich Gauss]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Johannes Gutenberg|Johannes Gutenberg]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/David Hilbert|David Hilbert]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/James Prescott Joule|James Prescott Joule]] # [[Wp/wlx/Johannes Kepler|Johannes Kepler]] # [[Wp/wlx/Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi|Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi]] # [[Wp/wlx/Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz|Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]] # [[Wp/wlx/Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] # [[Wp/wlx/James Clerk Maxwell|James Clerk Maxwell]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dmitri Mendeleev|Dmitri Mendeleev]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Sir Isaac Newton|Sir Isaac Newton]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Louis Pasteur|Louis Pasteur]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Max Planck|Max Planck]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Ernest Rutherford|Ernest Rutherford]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Erwin Schrödinger|Erwin Schrödinger]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Nikola Tesla|Nikola Tesla]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Alan Turing|Alan Turing]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/James Watt|James Watt]]''' === Bambʋ yaga deme anɩŋ nʋŋtaa bʋŋnaanɩhɩ yɛlɩpɩɛhɩ bagɩnɩba === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Aristotle|Aristotle]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Simone de Beauvoir|Simone de Beauvoir]] # [[Wp/wlx/Chanakya|Chanakya]] # [[Wp/wlx/Noam Chomsky|Noam Chomsky]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Confucius|Confucius]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/René Descartes|René Descartes]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Sigmund Freud|Sigmund Freud]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ibn Khaldun|Ibn Khaldun]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Immanuel Kant|Immanuel Kant]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/John Maynard Keynes|John Maynard Keynes]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Laozi|Laozi]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/John Locke|John Locke]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Niccolò Machiavelli|Niccolò Machiavelli]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Karl Marx|Karl Marx]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Friedrich Nietzsche|Friedrich Nietzsche]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Plato|Plato]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Jean-Jacques Rousseau|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] # [[Wp/wlx/Jean-Paul Sartre|Jean-Paul Sartre]] # [[Wp/wlx/Sima Qian|Sima Qian]] # [[Wp/wlx/Adam Smith|Adam Smith]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Socrates|Socrates]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Voltaire|Voltaire]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Max Weber|Max Weber]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ludwig Wittgenstein|Ludwig Wittgenstein]] # [[Wp/wlx/Zhu Xi|Zhu Xi]] === Paalɩkaa yɛla nɩmbɛra === # [[Wp/wlx/Akbar|Akbar]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Alexander the Great|Alexander the Great]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Ashoka|Ashoka]] <!-- Greatest Indian monarch of antiquity; spread Buddhism --> # [[Wp/wlx/Mustafa Kemal Atatürk|Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Augustus|Augustus]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Otto von Bismarck|Otto von Bismarck]] # [[Wp/wlx/Simón Bolívar|Simón Bolívar]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Napoleon Bonaparte|Napoleon Bonaparte]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Julius Caesar|Julius Caesar]] # [[Wp/wlx/Charlemagne|Charlemagne]] # [[Wp/wlx/Winston Churchill|Winston Churchill]] # [[Wp/wlx/Constantine the Great|Constantine the Great]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Cyrus the Great|Cyrus the Great]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Charles de Gaulle|Charles de Gaulle]] # [[Wp/wlx/Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I of England]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi|Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Genghis Khan|Genghis Khan]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Che Guevara|Che Guevara]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Adolf Hitler|Adolf Hitler]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Joan of Arc|Joan of Arc]] # [[Wp/wlx/Martin Luther King Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Vladimir Lenin|Vladimir Lenin]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Abraham Lincoln|Abraham Lincoln]] # [[Wp/wlx/Louis XIV|Louis XIV]] # [[Wp/wlx/Rosa Luxemburg|Rosa Luxemburg]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nelson Mandela|Nelson Mandela]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mao Zedong|Mao Zedong]] # [[Wp/wlx/Jawaharlal Nehru|Jawaharlal Nehru]] # [[Wp/wlx/Kwame Nkrumah|Kwame Nkrumah]] # [[Wp/wlx/Peter the Great|Peter the Great]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Qin Shi Huang|Qin Shi Huang]]'''<!-- Created first Chinese state and dynasty --> # [[Wp/wlx/Franklin D. Roosevelt|Franklin D. Roosevelt]] # [[Wp/wlx/Saladin|Saladin]] # [[Wp/wlx/Joseph Stalin|Joseph Stalin]] # [[Wp/wlx/Suleiman the Magnificent|Suleiman the Magnificent]] <!-- Greatest Ottoman sultan --> # [[Wp/wlx/Sun Yat-sen|Sun Yat-sen]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tamerlane|Tamerlane]] # [[Wp/wlx/Umar|Umar]] <!-- Conquered Persia, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt for Islam --> # '''[[Wp/wlx/George Washington|George Washington]]''' === Dɩɩna nɩmbɛra anɩŋ dɩɩna bagɩnɩba === # [[Wp/wlx/Abraham|Abraham]] # [[Wp/wlx/Thomas Aquinas|Thomas Aquinas]] # [[Wp/wlx/Augustine of Hippo|Augustine of Hippo]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Buddha|Buddha]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Al-Ghazali|Al-Ghazali]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Jesus|Jesus]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Martin Luther|Martin Luther]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Moses|Moses]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Muhammad|Muhammad]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Paul the Apostle|Paul the Apostle]] == Daahɩbʋ bʋɔbʋ anɩŋ ju yɛla daahɩbʋ == === Daahɩbʋ bʋɔbʋ === # [[Wp/wlx/Beauty|Beauty]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dialectic|Dialectic]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ethics|Ethics]] # [[Wp/wlx/Epistemology|Epistemology]] # [[Wp/wlx/Feminism|Feminism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Free will|Free will]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Knowledge|Knowledge]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Logic|Logic]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mind|Mind]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Philosophy|Philosophy]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Probability|Probability]] # [[Wp/wlx/Reality|Reality]] # [[Wp/wlx/Truth|Truth]] === Ju yɛla daahɩbʋ === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Behavior|Behavior]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Emotion|Emotion]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Love|Love]] # [[Wp/wlx/Psychology|Psychology]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Thought|Thought]]''' == Dɩɩna == === Dʋnɛɛ kaabʋ anɩŋ dɩɩna === # '''[[Wp/wlx/God|God]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Mythology|Mythology]]''' # Worldview philosophies ## [[Wp/wlx/Atheism|Atheism]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Fundamentalism|Fundamentalism]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Materialism|Materialism]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Monotheism|Monotheism]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Polytheism|Polytheism]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Soul|Soul]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Religion|Religion]]''' # Specific religions ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Buddhism|Buddhism]]''' ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Christianity|Christianity]]''' ### [[Wp/wlx/Catholic Church|Catholic Church]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Confucianism|Confucianism]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Hinduism|Hinduism]]''' ### [[Wp/wlx/Trimurti|Trimurti]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Islam|Islam]]''' ### [[Wp/wlx/Shia Islam|Shia Islam]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Jainism|Jainism]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Judaism|Judaism]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Sikhism|Sikhism]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Taoism|Taoism]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrianism]] # Spiritual practices ##[[Wp/wlx/Sufism|Sufism]] ##[[Wp/wlx/Yoga|Yoga]] ##[[Wp/wlx/Zen|Zen]] == Laŋkpɩɛbʋ yɛlɩ pɩɛhɩ == # '''[[Wp/wlx/Society|Society]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Civilization|Civilization]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Education|Education]]''' === Dɔgɩrɩba anɩŋ jɔlʋŋ yɛla === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Family|Family]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Child|Child]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Man|Man]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Marriage|Marriage]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Woman|Woman]] === Paalɩkaa yɛlɩtarɩhɩ === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Politics|Politics]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Anarchism|Anarchism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Colonialism|Colonialism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Communism|Communism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Conservatism|Conservatism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Democracy|Democracy]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dictatorship|Dictatorship]] # [[Wp/wlx/Diplomacy|Diplomacy]] # [[Wp/wlx/Fascism|Fascism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Globalization|Globalization]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Government|Government]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Ideology|Ideology]] # [[Wp/wlx/Imperialism|Imperialism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Liberalism|Liberalism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Marxism|Marxism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Monarchy|Monarchy]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nationalism|Nationalism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Republic|Republic]] # [[Wp/wlx/Socialism|Socialism]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/State (polity)|State (polity)]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Political party|Political party]] # [[Wp/wlx/Propaganda|Propaganda]] # [[Wp/wlx/Terrorism|Terrorism]] === Kʋɔhɩbʋ nɩŋ daabʋ yɛlɩtarɩhɩ === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Economics|Economics]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Capital (economics)|Capital]] # [[Wp/wlx/Capitalism|Capitalism]] # [[Wp/wlx/Currency|Currency]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Euro|Euro]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Japanese yen|Japanese yen]] ## [[Wp/wlx/United States dollar|United States dollar]] # [[Wp/wlx/Industry|Industry]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Money|Money]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Tax|Tax]] === Begu === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Law|Law]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Constitution|Constitution]] === Dʋnɛɛ jaa tʋŋnʋɔrɩ === # [[Wp/wlx/African Union|African Union]] # [[Wp/wlx/Arab League|Arab League]] # [[Wp/wlx/ASEAN|ASEAN]] # [[Wp/wlx/Commonwealth of Independent States|Commonwealth of Independent States]] # [[Wp/wlx/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]] # [[Wp/wlx/European Union|European Union]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/NATO|NATO]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nobel Prize|Nobel Prize]] # [[Wp/wlx/OPEC|OPEC]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/United Nations|United Nations]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/International Court of Justice|International Court of Justice]] ## [[Wp/wlx/International Monetary Fund|International Monetary Fund]] ## [[Wp/wlx/UNESCO|UNESCO]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Universal Declaration of Human Rights|Universal Declaration of Human Rights]] ## [[Wp/wlx/World Health Organization|World Health Organization]] # [[Wp/wlx/World Bank|World Bank]] # [[Wp/wlx/World Trade Organization|World Trade Organization]] === Jɛʋrɩ anɩŋ sojɛɛ === # [[Wp/wlx/Civil war|Civil war]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Military|Military]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Peace|Peace]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/War|War]]''' === Laŋkpɩɛbʋ yɛlɩ wonihi === # [[Wp/wlx/Abortion|Abortion]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Capital punishment|Capital punishment]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Human rights|Human rights]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Racism|Racism]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Slavery|Slavery]]''' == Tɩɛ bambʋ yɛla == # '''[[Wp/wlx/Language|Language]]''' # Specific languages ## [[Wp/wlx/Arabic|Arabic]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Bengali|Bengali]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Chinese|Chinese]] <!--With the clarification that it is, linguistically speaking, not a single language.--> ## [[Wp/wlx/English|English]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Esperanto|Esperanto]] ## [[Wp/wlx/French|French]] ## [[Wp/wlx/German|German]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Greek|Greek]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Hebrew|Hebrew]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Hindi-Urdu|Hindi-Urdu]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Japanese|Japanese]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Latin|Latin]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Persian|Persian]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Portuguese|Portuguese]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Russian|Russian]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Sanskrit|Sanskrit]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Spanish|Spanish]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Swahili|Swahili]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Turkish|Turkish]] # [[Wp/wlx/Linguistics|Linguistics]] # [[Wp/wlx/Grammar|Grammar]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Word|Word]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Phoneme|Phoneme]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Syllable|Syllable]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Writing system|Writing system]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Arabic alphabet|Arabic alphabet]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Chinese characters|Chinese characters]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Cyrillic script|Cyrillic script]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Greek alphabet|Greek alphabet]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Hangul|Hangul]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]] # [[Wp/wlx/Literacy|Literacy]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Translation|Translation]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Literature|Literature]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Prose|Prose]] ##[[Wp/wlx/The Art of War|The Art of War]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Fiction|Fiction]] ### [[Wp/wlx/One Thousand and One Nights|One Thousand and One Nights]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Novel|Novel]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Dream of the Red Chamber|Dream of the Red Chamber]] ### [[Wp/wlx/The Tale of Genji|The Tale of Genji]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Poetry|Poetry]]''' ### [[Wp/wlx/Epic of Gilgamesh|Epic of Gilgamesh]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Iliad|Iliad]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Mahābhārata|Mahābhārata]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Shāhnāma|Shāhnāma]] == Pɩɛhɩbambʋ == # [[Wp/wlx/Science|Science]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nature|Nature]] === Sagbanɩ bʋʋhʋ daahɩbʋ === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Astronomy|Astronomy]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Asteroid|Asteroid]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Big Bang|Big Bang]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Black hole|Black hole]] # [[Wp/wlx/Comet|Comet]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Galaxy|Galaxy]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Milky Way|Milky Way]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Moon|Moon]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Planet|Planet]]''' ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Earth|Earth]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Jupiter|Jupiter]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Mars|Mars]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Mercury|Mercury]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Neptune|Neptune]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Saturn|Saturn]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Uranus|Uranus]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Venus|Venus]] # [[Wp/wlx/Solar System|Solar System]] # [[Wp/wlx/Spaceflight|Spaceflight]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Star|Star]]''' ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Sun|Sun]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Universe|Universe]] === Duuhi anɩŋ bʋmbulo daahɩbʋ === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Biology|Biology]]''' # Biological materials ## '''[[Wp/wlx/DNA|DNA]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Enzyme|Enzyme]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Protein|Protein]] # [[Wp/wlx/Botany|Botany]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Death|Death]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Suicide|Suicide]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ecology|Ecology]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Endangered species|Endangered species]] # [[Wp/wlx/Domestication|Domestication]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Life|Life]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Biological classification|Biological classification]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Species|Species]] ==== Biological processes ==== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Metabolism|Metabolism]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Digestion|Digestion]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Photosynthesis|Photosynthesis]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Breathing|Breathing]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Evolution|Evolution]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Reproduction|Reproduction]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Pregnancy|Pregnancy]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Sex|Sex]] ==== Anatomy ==== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Anatomy|Anatomy]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Breast|Breast]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Cell|Cell]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Circulatory system|Circulatory system]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Blood|Blood]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Heart|Heart]] # [[Wp/wlx/Endocrine system|Endocrine system]] # [[Wp/wlx/Human gastrointestinal tract|Human gastrointestinal tract]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Large intestine|Large intestine]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Small intestine|Small intestine]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Liver|Liver]] # [[Wp/wlx/Muscle|Muscle]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nervous system|Nervous system]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Brain|Brain]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Sensory system|Sensory system]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Ear|Ear]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Nose|Nose]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Eye|Eye]] # [[Wp/wlx/Reproductive system|Reproductive system]] # [[Wp/wlx/Respiratory system|Respiratory system]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Lung|Lung]] # [[Wp/wlx/Skeleton|Skeleton]] # [[Wp/wlx/Skin|Skin]] ==== Health and medicine ==== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Medicine|Medicine]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Addiction|Addiction]] # [[Wp/wlx/Alzheimer's disease|Alzheimer's disease]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Cancer|Cancer]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Cholera|Cholera]] # [[Wp/wlx/Common cold|Common cold]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dentistry|Dentistry]] # [[Wp/wlx/Disability|Disability]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Blindness|Blindness]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Deafness|Deafness]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Mental disorder|Mental disorder]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Disease|Disease]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Pharmaceutical drug|Pharmaceutical drug]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ethanol|Ethanol]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nicotine|Nicotine]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Tobacco|Tobacco]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Health|Health]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Headache|Headache]] # [[Wp/wlx/Immune system|Immune system]] # [[Wp/wlx/Heart attack|Heart attack]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Malaria|Malaria]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Malnutrition|Malnutrition]] # [[Wp/wlx/Menstruation|Menstruation]] # [[Wp/wlx/Obesity|Obesity]] # [[Wp/wlx/Pandemic|Pandemic]] # [[Wp/wlx/Antibacterial|Antibacterial]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Penicillin|Penicillin]] # [[Wp/wlx/Pneumonia|Pneumonia]] # [[Wp/wlx/Poliomyelitis|Poliomyelitis]] # [[Wp/wlx/Sexually transmitted disease|Sexually transmitted disease]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/AIDS|AIDS]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Stroke|Stroke]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tuberculosis|Tuberculosis]] # [[Wp/wlx/Diabetes mellitus|Diabetes mellitus]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Virus|Virus]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Influenza|Influenza]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Smallpox|Smallpox]] ==== Organisms ==== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Organism|Organism]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Animal|Animal]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Nematode|Nematode]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Mollusc|Mollusc]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Arthropod|Arthropod]] ### '''[[Wp/wlx/Insect|Insect]]''' #### [[Wp/wlx/Ant|Ant]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Bee|Bee]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Mosquito|Mosquito]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Spider|Spider]] ## Chordate ### '''[[Wp/wlx/Amphibian|Amphibian]]''' ### '''[[Wp/wlx/Bird|Bird]]''' #### [[Wp/wlx/Chicken|Chicken]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Pigeons and doves|Pigeons and doves]] ### '''[[Wp/wlx/Fish|Fish]]''' #### [[Wp/wlx/Shark|Shark]] ### '''[[Wp/wlx/Mammal|Mammal]]''' #### [[Wp/wlx/Camel|Camel]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Cat|Cat]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Cattle|Cattle]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Dog|Dog]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Elephant|Elephant]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Horse|Horse]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Sheep|Sheep]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Rodent|Rodent]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Domestic pig|Domestic pig]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Primate|Primate]] ##### '''[[Wp/wlx/Human|Human]]''' #### [[Wp/wlx/Whales, dolphins and porpoises|Whales, dolphins and porpoises]] ### '''[[Wp/wlx/Reptile|Reptile]]''' #### [[Wp/wlx/Dinosaur|Dinosaur]] #### [[Wp/wlx/Snake|Snake]] # [[Wp/wlx/Archaea|Archaea]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Bacteria|Bacteria]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Fungus|Fungus]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Plant|Plant]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Flower|Flower]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Tree|Tree]] # [[Wp/wlx/Protist|Protist]] === Chemistry === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Chemistry|Chemistry]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Inorganic chemistry|Inorganic chemistry]] # [[Wp/wlx/Biochemistry|Biochemistry]] # [[Wp/wlx/Chemical compound|Chemical compound]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Acid|Acid]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Base (chemistry)|Base (chemistry)]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Salt|Salt]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Chemical element|Chemical element]]''' ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Periodic table|Periodic table]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Aluminium|Aluminium]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Carbon|Carbon]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Copper|Copper]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Gold|Gold]]''' ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Hydrogen|Hydrogen]]''' ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Iron|Iron]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Nitrogen|Nitrogen]] ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Oxygen|Oxygen]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Silver|Silver]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Tin|Tin]] # [[Wp/wlx/Organic chemistry|Organic chemistry]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Alcohol|Alcohol]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Carbohydrate|Carbohydrate]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Hormone|Hormone]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Lipid|Lipid]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Molecule|Molecule]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Analytical chemistry|Analytical chemistry]] # [[Wp/wlx/Physical chemistry|Physical chemistry]] === Earth science === # [[Wp/wlx/Avalanche|Avalanche]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Climate|Climate]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/El Niño–Southern Oscillation|El Niño–Southern Oscillation]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Global warming|Global warming]] # [[Wp/wlx/Earthquake|Earthquake]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Geology|Geology]]''' ## '''[[Wp/wlx/Mineral|Mineral]]''' ### [[Wp/wlx/Diamond|Diamond]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Plate tectonics|Plate tectonics]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Rock|Rock]] # [[Wp/wlx/Natural disaster|Natural disaster]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Flood|Flood]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Tsunami|Tsunami]] # [[Wp/wlx/Volcano|Volcano]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Weather|Weather]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Cloud|Cloud]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Rain|Rain]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Snow|Snow]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Tornado|Tornado]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Tropical cyclone|Tropical cyclone]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Wind|Wind]] === Physics === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Physics|Physics]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Acceleration|Acceleration]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Atom|Atom]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Energy|Energy]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Conservation of energy|Conservation of energy]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Electromagnetic radiation|Electromagnetic radiation]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Infrared|Infrared]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Ultraviolet|Ultraviolet]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Light|Light]] ### '''[[Wp/wlx/Color|Color]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Classical mechanics|Classical mechanics]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Force|Force]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Electromagnetism|Electromagnetism]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Magnetic field|Magnetic field]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Gravitation|Gravitation]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Strong interaction|Strong interaction]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Weak interaction|Weak interaction]] # [[Wp/wlx/Magnet|Magnet]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Mass|Mass]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Metal|Metal]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Steel|Steel]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nuclear fission|Nuclear fission]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/State of matter|State of matter]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Gas|Gas]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Liquid|Liquid]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Plasma|Plasma]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Solid|Solid]] # [[Wp/wlx/Quantum mechanics|Quantum mechanics]] # [[Wp/wlx/Radioactive decay|Radioactive decay]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/General relativity|General relativity]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Special relativity|Special relativity]] # [[Wp/wlx/Semiconductor|Semiconductor]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Sound|Sound]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Velocity|Velocity]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Speed of light|Speed of light]] # [[Wp/wlx/Temperature|Temperature]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Time|Time]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Thermodynamics|Thermodynamics]] # [[Wp/wlx/Vacuum|Vacuum]] === Measurement and units === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Measurement|Measurement]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Kilogram|Kilogram]] # [[Wp/wlx/Litre|Litre]] # [[Wp/wlx/Metre|Metre]] # [[Wp/wlx/International System of Units|International System of Units]] # [[Wp/wlx/Second|Second]] === Timekeeping === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Calendar|Calendar]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Gregorian calendar|Gregorian calendar]] # [[Wp/wlx/Clock|Clock]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Day|Day]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Time zone|Time zone]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Year|Year]]''' === Foodstuffs === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Food|Food]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Bread|Bread]] # [[Wp/wlx/Cereal|Cereal]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Barley|Barley]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Maize|Maize]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Oat|Oat]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Rice|Rice]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Rye|Rye]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Sorghum|Sorghum]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Wheat|Wheat]] # [[Wp/wlx/Cheese|Cheese]] # [[Wp/wlx/Chocolate|Chocolate]] # [[Wp/wlx/Honey|Honey]] # [[Wp/wlx/Fruit|Fruit]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Apple|Apple]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Banana|Banana]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Grape|Grape]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Soybean|Soybean]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Lemon|Lemon]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Nut (fruit)|Nut (fruit)]] # [[Wp/wlx/Meat|Meat]] # [[Wp/wlx/Sugar|Sugar]] # [[Wp/wlx/Vegetable|Vegetable]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Potato|Potato]] ==== Beverages ==== # [[Wp/wlx/Beer|Beer]] # [[Wp/wlx/Coffee|Coffee]] # [[Wp/wlx/Juice|Juice]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Milk|Milk]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Tea|Tea]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Water|Water]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Wine|Wine]] === Mathematics === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Mathematics|Mathematics]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Algebra|Algebra]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Linear algebra|Linear algebra]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Arithmetic|Arithmetic]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Logarithm|Logarithm]] # [[Wp/wlx/Coordinate system|Coordinate system]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mathematical analysis|Mathematical analysis]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Differential equation|Differential equation]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Numerical analysis|Numerical analysis]] # [[Wp/wlx/Equation|Equation]] # [[Wp/wlx/Function (mathematics)|Function (mathematics)]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Geometry|Geometry]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Angle|Angle]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Area|Area]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Pi|Pi]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Pythagorean theorem|Pythagorean theorem]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Symmetry|Symmetry]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Trigonometry|Trigonometry]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mathematical proof|Mathematical proof]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Number|Number]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Complex number|Complex number]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Number theory|Number theory]] # [[Wp/wlx/Infinity|Infinity]] # [[Wp/wlx/Set theory|Set theory]] # [[Wp/wlx/Statistics|Statistics]] == Technology == # '''[[Wp/wlx/Technology|Technology]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Biotechnology|Biotechnology]] # [[Wp/wlx/Clothing|Clothing]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Cotton|Cotton]] # [[Wp/wlx/Engineering|Engineering]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Machine|Machine]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Robot|Robot]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Screw|Screw]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Wheel|Wheel]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Agriculture|Agriculture]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Irrigation|Irrigation]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Plough|Plough]] # [[Wp/wlx/Metallurgy|Metallurgy]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nanotechnology|Nanotechnology]] === Communication === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Communication|Communication]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Book|Book]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Information|Information]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Encyclopedia|Encyclopedia]] # [[Wp/wlx/Journalism|Journalism]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Newspaper|Newspaper]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Mass media|Mass media]] # [[Wp/wlx/Printing|Printing]] # [[Wp/wlx/Telephone|Telephone]] === Electronics === # [[Wp/wlx/Electronics|Electronics]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Electric current|Electric current]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Frequency|Frequency]] # Components ## [[Wp/wlx/Capacitor|Capacitor]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Inductor|Inductor]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Transistor|Transistor]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Diode|Diode]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Resistor|Resistor]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Transformer|Transformer]] ==== Computers and Internet ==== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Computer|Computer]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Hard disk drive|Hard disk drive]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Central processing unit|Central processing unit]] # [[Wp/wlx/Artificial intelligence|Artificial intelligence]] # [[Wp/wlx/Information technology|Information technology]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Algorithm|Algorithm]] # [[Wp/wlx/Internet|Internet]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Email|Email]] ## [[Wp/wlx/World Wide Web|World Wide Web]] # [[Wp/wlx/Operating system|Operating system]] # [[Wp/wlx/Programming language|Programming language]] # [[Wp/wlx/Software|Software]] === Energy and fuels === # [[Wp/wlx/Renewable energy|Renewable energy]] # [[Wp/wlx/Electricity|Electricity]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Nuclear power|Nuclear power]] # [[Wp/wlx/Fossil fuel|Fossil fuel]] # [[Wp/wlx/Internal combustion engine|Internal combustion engine]] # [[Wp/wlx/Steam engine|Steam engine]] # [[Wp/wlx/Fire|Fire]] ===Materials=== # [[Wp/wlx/Glass|Glass]] # [[Wp/wlx/Paper|Paper]] # [[Wp/wlx/Plastic|Plastic]] # [[Wp/wlx/Wood|Wood]] === Transportation === # [[Wp/wlx/Transport|Transport]] # [[Wp/wlx/Aircraft|Aircraft]] # [[Wp/wlx/Automobile|Automobile]] # [[Wp/wlx/Bicycle|Bicycle]] # [[Wp/wlx/Submarine|Submarine]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ship|Ship]] # [[Wp/wlx/Train|Train]] === Weapons === # [[Wp/wlx/Weapon|Weapon]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Sword|Sword]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Firearm|Firearm]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Machine gun|Machine gun]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Nuclear weapon|Nuclear weapon]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tank|Tank]] # [[Wp/wlx/Explosive material|Explosive material]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Gunpowder|Gunpowder]] == Arts and recreation == # '''[[Wp/wlx/Culture|Culture]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Art|Art]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Comics|Comics]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Painting|Painting]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Photography|Photography]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Sculpture|Sculpture]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Pottery|Pottery]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dance|Dance]] # [[Wp/wlx/Fashion|Fashion]] # [[Wp/wlx/Theatre|Theatre]] # [[Wp/wlx/Calligraphy|Calligraphy]] === Architecture and civil engineering === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Architecture|Architecture]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Arch|Arch]] # [[Wp/wlx/Bridge|Bridge]] # [[Wp/wlx/Canal|Canal]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dam|Dam]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dome|Dome]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/House|House]]''' # Specific structures ## [[Wp/wlx/Angkor Wat|Angkor Wat]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Colosseum|Colosseum]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Great Wall of China|Great Wall of China]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Eiffel Tower|Eiffel Tower]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Empire State Building|Empire State Building]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Hagia Sophia|Hagia Sophia]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Parthenon|Parthenon]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Giza Necropolis|Giza Necropolis]] ## [[Wp/wlx/St. Peter's Basilica|St. Peter's Basilica]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Statue of Liberty|Statue of Liberty]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Taj Mahal|Taj Mahal]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Three Gorges Dam|Three Gorges Dam]] # [[Wp/wlx/Pyramid|Pyramid]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tower|Tower]] === Film, radio and television === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Film|Film]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Animation|Animation]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Anime|Anime]] <!-- popular influencial genre of Animation --> # '''[[Wp/wlx/Radio|Radio]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Television|Television]]''' ===Music=== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Music|Music]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Song|Song]] # Specific music genres ## [[Wp/wlx/Blues|Blues]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Classical music|Classical music]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Opera|Opera]] ### [[Wp/wlx/Symphony|Symphony]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Electronic music|Electronic music]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Flamenco|Flamenco]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Hip hop|Hip hop]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Jazz|Jazz]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Reggae|Reggae]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Rock music|Rock music]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Samba|Samba]] # Specific musical instruments ## [[Wp/wlx/Drum|Drum]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Flute|Flute]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Guitar|Guitar]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Piano|Piano]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Trumpet|Trumpet]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Violin|Violin]] === Recreation === # '''[[Wp/wlx/Game|Game]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Backgammon|Backgammon]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Chess|Chess]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Go (game)|Go (game)]] # [[Wp/wlx/Gambling|Gambling]] # [[Wp/wlx/Martial arts|Martial arts]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Karate|Karate]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Judo|Judo]] # [[Wp/wlx/Olympic Games|Olympic Games]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Sport|Sport]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Athletics|Athletics]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Auto racing|Auto racing]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Baseball|Baseball]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Basketball|Basketball]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Cricket|Cricket]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Association football|Association football]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Golf|Golf]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Rugby|Rugby]] ## [[Wp/wlx/Tennis|Tennis]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Toy|Toy]]''' == History and geography == === History === This section is for events and periods in human history and prehistory. At least five sentences on: # '''[[Wp/wlx/History|History]]''' ==== Prehistory and ancient world ==== # [[Wp/wlx/Prehistory|Prehistory]] # [[Wp/wlx/Stone Age|Stone Age]] # [[Wp/wlx/Bronze Age|Bronze Age]] # [[Wp/wlx/Iron Age|Iron Age]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mesopotamia|Mesopotamia]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ancient Egypt|Ancient Egypt]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ancient Greece|Ancient Greece]] # [[Wp/wlx/Roman Empire|Roman Empire]] # [[Wp/wlx/Han Dynasty|Han Dynasty]] # [[Wp/wlx/Gupta Empire|Gupta Empire]] ==== Middle Ages and Early Modern ==== # [[Wp/wlx/Abbasid Caliphate|Abbasid Caliphate]] # [[Wp/wlx/Age of Enlightenment|Age of Enlightenment]] # [[Wp/wlx/Aztec|Aztec]] # [[Wp/wlx/Byzantine Empire|Byzantine Empire]] # [[Wp/wlx/Crusades|Crusades]] # [[Wp/wlx/Holy Roman Empire|Holy Roman Empire]] # [[Wp/wlx/Hundred Years' War|Hundred Years' War]] # [[Wp/wlx/Middle Ages|Middle Ages]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mongol Empire|Mongol Empire]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ming Dynasty|Ming Dynasty]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Empire]] # [[Wp/wlx/Protestant Reformation|Protestant Reformation]] # [[Wp/wlx/Thirty Years' War|Thirty Years' War]] # [[Wp/wlx/Renaissance|Renaissance]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tang Dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] # [[Wp/wlx/Vikings|Vikings]] ==== Modern ==== # [[Wp/wlx/Arab-Israeli conflict|Arab-Israeli conflict]] # [[Wp/wlx/American Civil War|American Civil War]] # [[Wp/wlx/Apartheid|Apartheid]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/British Empire|British Empire]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Cold War|Cold War]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Cultural Revolution|Cultural Revolution]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/French Revolution|French Revolution]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Great Depression|Great Depression]] # [[Wp/wlx/The Holocaust|The Holocaust]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Industrial Revolution|Industrial Revolution]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Nazi Germany|Nazi Germany]] # [[Wp/wlx/Meiji Restoration|Meiji Restoration]] <!-- most significant event in Japanese history --> # [[Wp/wlx/Russian Revolution|Russian Revolution]] # [[Wp/wlx/Qing Dynasty|Qing Dynasty]] # [[Wp/wlx/Treaty of Versailles|Treaty of Versailles]] # [[Wp/wlx/Vietnam War|Vietnam War]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/World War I|World War I]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/World War II|World War II]]''' === Geography === This section is for geographical concepts and for specific places. # '''[[Wp/wlx/Geography|Geography]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/City|City]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Continent|Continent]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Forest|Forest]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mountain|Mountain]] # [[Wp/wlx/Desert|Desert]] # [[Wp/wlx/North Pole|North Pole]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Ocean|Ocean]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/River|River]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Sea|Sea]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/South Pole|South Pole]] ==== Continents and major regions ==== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Africa|Africa]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Antarctica|Antarctica]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Asia|Asia]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Europe|Europe]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Middle East|Middle East]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/North America|North America]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Oceania|Oceania]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/South America|South America]]''' ==== Countries ==== Eventually, there should be articles on most or all of the countries listed at [[:w:en:List_of_sovereign_states|List of countries]]. However, for the smaller Wikipedias, some of the more high-priority countries to have articles on are: # [[Wp/wlx/Afghanistan|Afghanistan]] # [[Wp/wlx/Algeria|Algeria]] # [[Wp/wlx/Argentina|Argentina]] # [[Wp/wlx/Australia|Australia]] # [[Wp/wlx/Austria|Austria]] # [[Wp/wlx/Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Brazil|Brazil]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Canada|Canada]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/China|China]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]] # [[Wp/wlx/Cuba|Cuba]] # [[Wp/wlx/Egypt|Egypt]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/France|France]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Germany|Germany]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/India|India]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Indonesia|Indonesia]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Iran|Iran]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Iraq|Iraq]] # [[Wp/wlx/Israel|Israel]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Italy|Italy]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Japan|Japan]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Mexico|Mexico]] # [[Wp/wlx/Netherlands|Netherlands]] # [[Wp/wlx/New Zealand|New Zealand]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nigeria|Nigeria]] # [[Wp/wlx/Pakistan|Pakistan]] # [[Wp/wlx/Poland|Poland]] # [[Wp/wlx/Portugal|Portugal]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Russia|Russia]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]] # [[Wp/wlx/Singapore|Singapore]] # [[Wp/wlx/South Africa|South Africa]] # [[Wp/wlx/South Korea|South Korea]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Spain|Spain]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Sudan|Sudan]] # [[Wp/wlx/Switzerland|Switzerland]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tanzania|Tanzania]] # [[Wp/wlx/Thailand|Thailand]] # [[Wp/wlx/Turkey|Turkey]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ukraine|Ukraine]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/United States|United States]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Vatican City|Vatican City]] # [[Wp/wlx/Venezuela|Venezuela]] # [[Wp/wlx/Vietnam|Vietnam]] ==== Cities ==== # [[Wp/wlx/Amsterdam|Amsterdam]] # [[Wp/wlx/Athens|Athens]] # [[Wp/wlx/Baghdad|Baghdad]] # [[Wp/wlx/Bangkok|Bangkok]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Beijing|Beijing]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Berlin|Berlin]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Bogotá|Bogotá]] # [[Wp/wlx/Brussels|Brussels]] # [[Wp/wlx/Buenos Aires|Buenos Aires]] # [[Wp/wlx/Cairo|Cairo]] # [[Wp/wlx/Cape Town|Cape Town]] # [[Wp/wlx/Damascus|Damascus]] # [[Wp/wlx/Delhi|Delhi]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dhaka|Dhaka]] # [[Wp/wlx/Dubai|Dubai]] # [[Wp/wlx/Hong Kong|Hong Kong]] # [[Wp/wlx/Istanbul|Istanbul]] # [[Wp/wlx/Jakarta|Jakarta]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Karachi|Karachi]] # [[Wp/wlx/Kinshasa|Kinshasa]] # [[Wp/wlx/Kolkata|Kolkata]] # [[Wp/wlx/Lagos|Lagos]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/London|London]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Los Angeles|Los Angeles]] # [[Wp/wlx/Madrid|Madrid]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mecca|Mecca]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mexico City|Mexico City]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Moscow|Moscow]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Mumbai|Mumbai]] # [[Wp/wlx/Nairobi|Nairobi]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/New York City|New York City]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Paris|Paris]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Rio de Janeiro|Rio de Janeiro]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Rome|Rome]]''' # '''[[Wp/wlx/Saint Petersburg|Saint Petersburg]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/São Paulo|São Paulo]] # [[Wp/wlx/Seoul|Seoul]] # [[Wp/wlx/Shanghai|Shanghai]] # [[Wp/wlx/Sydney|Sydney]] # [[Wp/wlx/Tehran|Tehran]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Tokyo|Tokyo]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Vienna|Vienna]] # [[Wp/wlx/Washington, D.C.|Washington, D.C.]] ==== Bodies of water ==== # '''[[Wp/wlx/Amazon River|Amazon River]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Arctic Ocean|Arctic Ocean]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic Ocean]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Baltic Sea|Baltic Sea]] # [[Wp/wlx/Black Sea|Black Sea]] # [[Wp/wlx/Caribbean Sea|Caribbean Sea]] # [[Wp/wlx/Caspian Sea|Caspian Sea]] # [[Wp/wlx/Congo River|Congo River]] # [[Wp/wlx/Danube|Danube]] # [[Wp/wlx/Ganges|Ganges]] # [[Wp/wlx/Great Barrier Reef|Great Barrier Reef]] # [[Wp/wlx/Great Lakes|Great Lakes]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Indian Ocean|Indian Ocean]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Indus River|Indus River]] # [[Wp/wlx/Lake Baikal|Lake Baikal]] # [[Wp/wlx/Lake Tanganyika|Lake Tanganyika]] # [[Wp/wlx/Lake Victoria|Lake Victoria]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean Sea]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mississippi River|Mississippi River]] # [[Wp/wlx/Niger River|Niger River]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Nile|Nile]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/North Sea|North Sea]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Pacific Ocean|Pacific Ocean]]''' # [[Wp/wlx/Panama Canal|Panama Canal]] # [[Wp/wlx/Rhine|Rhine]] # [[Wp/wlx/Suez Canal|Suez Canal]] # [[Wp/wlx/Southern Ocean|Southern Ocean]] # [[Wp/wlx/Volga River|Volga River]] # [[Wp/wlx/Yangtze River|Yangtze River]] # [[Wp/wlx/Yellow River|Yellow River]] ==== Mountains and deserts ==== # [[Wp/wlx/Alps|Alps]] # [[Wp/wlx/Andes|Andes]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Himalayas|Himalayas]]''' ## [[Wp/wlx/Mount Everest|Mount Everest]] # [[Wp/wlx/Mount Kilimanjaro|Mount Kilimanjaro]] # [[Wp/wlx/Rocky Mountains|Rocky Mountains]] # '''[[Wp/wlx/Sahara|Sahara]]''' [[Category:wp/wlx]] 6qa1cvb8mzbj57v2uzdd5omd8kwk6y8 3 3608729 6685905 6684858 2025-06-14T05:10:12Z AccountVanishRequests 2599192 AccountVanishRequests moved page [[User talk:Afrogil98]] to [[User talk:Renamed user 513d91f2347d84a8ac273d7c7f49ab78]] without leaving a redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Afrogil98|Afrogil98]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user 513d91f2347d84a8ac273d7c7f49ab78|Renamed user 513d91f2347d84a8ac273d7c7f49ab78]]" 6684858 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 04:05, 13 June 2025 (UTC) ko5x7ro7efxv5e93xpltioad94z83p8 10 3608733 6685869 6684930 2025-06-14T03:55:45Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685869 wikitext text/x-wiki </div></div> 6beenvuqlxgtrm6xgzuo2v0i2a1h6tp 10 3608779 6685217 2025-06-13T12:27:40Z Ilja isv 2601220 Created page with "{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}|| {{#if:{{{1|}}} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#ifeq:{{filepath:{{{1|}}} }}|{{filepath:{{#property:P18}} }} | | }} | {{#if:{{#property:P41}}{{#property:P94}}{{#property:P117}}{{#property:P154}}{{#property:P242}} | | }} }} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#if:{{{2|}}} | | [[Category:No local image but image on Wikidata]] }} | }} }} }}<noinclude> {{doc}} </noinclude>" 6685217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}|| {{#if:{{{1|}}} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#ifeq:{{filepath:{{{1|}}} }}|{{filepath:{{#property:P18}} }} | | }} | {{#if:{{#property:P41}}{{#property:P94}}{{#property:P117}}{{#property:P154}}{{#property:P242}} | | }} }} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#if:{{{2|}}} | | [[Category:No local image but image on Wikidata]] }} | }} }} }}<noinclude> {{doc}} </noinclude> a6m9e9nmv7uygfwu26esbawecnz6vv4 6685218 6685217 2025-06-13T12:28:04Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}|| {{#if:{{{1|}}} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#ifeq:{{filepath:{{{1|}}} }}|{{filepath:{{#property:P18}} }} | | }} | {{#if:{{#property:P41}}{{#property:P94}}{{#property:P117}}{{#property:P154}}{{#property:P242}} | | }} }} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#if:{{{2|}}} | | [[Category:No local image but image on Wikidata]] }} | }} }} }}<noinclude> {{Dokumentacija}} </noinclude> dptm7hb77munshsnqvu8m2967qmnqe5 6685219 6685218 2025-06-13T12:28:26Z Ilja isv 2601220 6685219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}|| {{#if:{{{1|}}} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#ifeq:{{filepath:{{{1|}}} }}|{{filepath:{{#property:P18}} }} | | }} | {{#if:{{#property:P41}}{{#property:P94}}{{#property:P117}}{{#property:P154}}{{#property:P242}} | | }} }} | {{#if:{{#property:P18}} | {{#if:{{{2|}}} | | [[Category:No local image but image on Wikidata]] }} | }} }} }}<noinclude> {{doc}} </noinclude> a6m9e9nmv7uygfwu26esbawecnz6vv4 0 3608780 6685221 2025-06-13T12:40:23Z Mohammdaon 1384772 Created page with "12 حزيران او يوم 12 \ 6 (يوم اثنعش من شهر السادس) هوه اليوم المية وتلاثة وستين (163) من السنة البسيطة، او اليوم المية واربعة وستين (164) من السنة الكبيسة حسب التقويم الميلادي. باقي بعد 202 يوم وتنتهي السنة. == أحداث == * 1812 - نابليون بونابرت يبدي بغزو روسيا. * 1901 - اكتشاف اشعاعات..." 6685221 wikitext text/x-wiki 12 حزيران او يوم 12 \ 6 (يوم اثنعش من شهر السادس) هوه اليوم المية وتلاثة وستين (163) من السنة البسيطة، او اليوم المية واربعة وستين (164) من السنة الكبيسة حسب التقويم الميلادي. باقي بعد 202 يوم وتنتهي السنة. == أحداث == * 1812 - نابليون بونابرت يبدي بغزو روسيا. * 1901 - اكتشاف اشعاعات عنصر اليورانيوم من قبل الفرنسي هنري بيكريل. * 1916 - شريف مكة الحسين ابن علي الهاشمي يعلن الثورة على الدولة العثمانية. * 1935- صدور قانون قانون الدفاع الوطني العراقي. * 1965 - انقلاب عسكري بفيتنام الجنوبية. * 2005 - برلمان اقليم كردستان العراق ينتخب مسعود برزاني بالاجماع رئيس للاقليم. * 2009 - اغتيال النائب في مجلس النواب العراقي عن جبهة التوافق حارث العبيدي بعد صلاة الجمعة على يد ولد عمره خمسطعش سنة. * 2014 - بداية بطولة كأس العالم 2014 بالبرازيل. * 2014 - تنظيم داعش الارهابي يرتكب مجزرة سبايكر في تكريت، ووصل عدد الضحايا بيها اكثر من 1700 عراقي. * 2015 - بداية النسخة الاولى من الالعاب الاوروبية بباكو بأذربيجان. * 2019 - هجوم صاروخي على مطار ابها الدولي جنوب السعودية، من حركة أنصار الله (الحوثيين). == مواليد == * 1924 - جورج بوش الاب، رئيس امريكا الواحد والاربعين. * 1932 - محمد عوض، ممثل مصري. * 1942 - أحمد أبو الغيط، دبلوماسي ووزير مصري. * 1949 - محمد عبده، مغني سعودي. * 1957 - جمال الغندور، حكم طوبة مصري. == وفيات == * 1913 - حسن العذاري، شاعر عراقي. * 1980 - ماسايوشي اوهيرا، رئيس وزراء اليابان. * 2009 - حارث العبيدي، سياسي عراقي. * 2014 - ماجد سلطان، ممثل كويتي. == اعياد ومناسبات == * اليوم الوطني (يوم روسيا) بروسيا. * عيد الاستقلال بالفلبين. * اليوم العالمي لمكافحة عمل الاطفال. == مصادر == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160612124902/http://www.qna.org.qa/ThisDayInHistory وكالة الأنباء القطرية: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210126142123/https://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/june-12/ النيويورك تايمز: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.] * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/12 BBC: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.] [[Category:Wp/acm]] 5p9j558a22bhur6bucra8vetvykb95i 6685222 6685221 2025-06-13T12:41:04Z Mohammdaon 1384772 مخلي روابط انترويكي ل[[d:Q2619]] 6685222 wikitext text/x-wiki 12 حزيران او يوم 12 \ 6 (يوم اثنعش من شهر السادس) هوه اليوم المية وتلاثة وستين (163) من السنة البسيطة، او اليوم المية واربعة وستين (164) من السنة الكبيسة حسب التقويم الميلادي. باقي بعد 202 يوم وتنتهي السنة. == أحداث == * 1812 - نابليون بونابرت يبدي بغزو روسيا. * 1901 - اكتشاف اشعاعات عنصر اليورانيوم من قبل الفرنسي هنري بيكريل. * 1916 - شريف مكة الحسين ابن علي الهاشمي يعلن الثورة على الدولة العثمانية. * 1935- صدور قانون قانون الدفاع الوطني العراقي. * 1965 - انقلاب عسكري بفيتنام الجنوبية. * 2005 - برلمان اقليم كردستان العراق ينتخب مسعود برزاني بالاجماع رئيس للاقليم. * 2009 - اغتيال النائب في مجلس النواب العراقي عن جبهة التوافق حارث العبيدي بعد صلاة الجمعة على يد ولد عمره خمسطعش سنة. * 2014 - بداية بطولة كأس العالم 2014 بالبرازيل. * 2014 - تنظيم داعش الارهابي يرتكب مجزرة سبايكر في تكريت، ووصل عدد الضحايا بيها اكثر من 1700 عراقي. * 2015 - بداية النسخة الاولى من الالعاب الاوروبية بباكو بأذربيجان. * 2019 - هجوم صاروخي على مطار ابها الدولي جنوب السعودية، من حركة أنصار الله (الحوثيين). == مواليد == * 1924 - جورج بوش الاب، رئيس امريكا الواحد والاربعين. * 1932 - محمد عوض، ممثل مصري. * 1942 - أحمد أبو الغيط، دبلوماسي ووزير مصري. * 1949 - محمد عبده، مغني سعودي. * 1957 - جمال الغندور، حكم طوبة مصري. == وفيات == * 1913 - حسن العذاري، شاعر عراقي. * 1980 - ماسايوشي اوهيرا، رئيس وزراء اليابان. * 2009 - حارث العبيدي، سياسي عراقي. * 2014 - ماجد سلطان، ممثل كويتي. == اعياد ومناسبات == * اليوم الوطني (يوم روسيا) بروسيا. * عيد الاستقلال بالفلبين. * اليوم العالمي لمكافحة عمل الاطفال. == مصادر == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160612124902/http://www.qna.org.qa/ThisDayInHistory وكالة الأنباء القطرية: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210126142123/https://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/june-12/ النيويورك تايمز: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.] * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/12 BBC: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.] [[Category:Wp/acm]] {{INTERWIKI|Q2619}} 1lsryi58e00vtid40ltr791j84dz2ws 0 3608781 6685223 2025-06-13T12:41:50Z Mohammdaon 1384772 [[Page title]] 6685223 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/acm/12 حزيران|12 حزيران]] 9qyt0myiqxvnf87nbd6odqv7lywpj1f 0 3608782 6685247 2025-06-13T14:28:24Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''ndodzi''' (''uwandu'' '''ndodzi''') # idzinde reridoko rakapoterera reruva rwezerere, rinodyiwa sechikafu. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/pea|pea]], [[Wt/sn/peas|peas]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Zviito zve Chishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Chikafu]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Madzinde]] Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko muushoma ne uw..." 6685247 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''ndodzi''' (''uwandu'' '''ndodzi''') # idzinde reridoko rakapoterera reruva rwezerere, rinodyiwa sechikafu. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/pea|pea]], [[Wt/sn/peas|peas]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Zviito zve Chishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Chikafu]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Madzinde]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko muushoma ne uwandu]] fhssa6t14m8wa6yusllf93pty7j2qto 0 3608783 6685249 2025-06-13T14:31:56Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (born 29 September, 1959) is a Nigerian politician. She served as deputy governor of Lagos State from 2011 to 2015. Prior to that, she was the Commissioner for Women Affairs and Poverty Alleviation of Lagos State from 2003 to 2011. ==Sunana== [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685249 wikitext text/x-wiki Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (born 29 September, 1959) is a Nigerian politician. She served as deputy governor of Lagos State from 2011 to 2015. Prior to that, she was the Commissioner for Women Affairs and Poverty Alleviation of Lagos State from 2003 to 2011. ==Sunana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] hr5alg4h3r4s8hyct34yydjlokeex87 6685252 6685249 2025-06-13T14:32:12Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sunana */ 6685252 wikitext text/x-wiki Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (born 29 September, 1959) is a Nigerian politician. She served as deputy governor of Lagos State from 2011 to 2015. Prior to that, she was the Commissioner for Women Affairs and Poverty Alleviation of Lagos State from 2003 to 2011. ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] 13wjdj7ckr6gseziplb1svn9dao0p09 6685256 6685252 2025-06-13T14:32:59Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685256 wikitext text/x-wiki Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (born 29 September, 1959) is a Nigerian politician. She served as deputy governor of Lagos State from 2011 to 2015. Prior to that, she was the Commissioner for Women Affairs and Poverty Alleviation of Lagos State from 2003 to 2011. ==Sumana== Girls can and will change the world. Let’s support, educate, and empower them, for they are the future leaders who will bring positive change to Nigeria and the world. [[Category:Wq/knc]] 2f56em0r72l5qosmq3bxtrupyuweear 6685261 6685256 2025-06-13T14:35:06Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685261 wikitext text/x-wiki Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (kǝntawu Satumbaye kawunzǝ 29, sagǝ 1959 lan katambo) siyasama lardǝ Najeriabe. Shidə banama gomna kəriye Lagosbe saa 2011 səta 2015ro saadənan cidazəna. Kawu shiro, shidə komishina lamarra kamuwabe-a nəmtalaa fulutəbe kəriye Lagosbe saa 2003 səta 2011ro saadənan. ==Sumana== Girls can and will change the world. Let’s support, educate, and empower them, for they are the future leaders who will bring positive change to Nigeria and the world. [[Category:Wq/knc]] tuhq8xnil131xnvtnsg2jmeolx2zdy3 6685265 6685261 2025-06-13T14:36:12Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685265 wikitext text/x-wiki Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (kǝntawu Satumbaye kawunzǝ 29, sagǝ 1959 lan katambo) siyasama lardǝ Najeriabe. Shidə banama gomna kəriye Lagosbe saa 2011 səta 2015ro saadənan cidazəna. Kawu shiro, shidə komishina lamarra kamuwabe-a nəmtalaa fulutəbe kəriye Lagosbe saa 2003 səta 2011ro saadənan. ==Sumana== Ferowa raksa dunya falzayin kuru falzayin. Nda sandiro bananye, ilmuye, kuru dunonza yiwo, sau sandima fuwuma fuwuye do Nigeria-a dunya-aro faltə ngəla suwudinmawo. [[Category:Wq/knc]] 80y01hoo0ebe827ze0yhhemji791kqz 6685267 6685265 2025-06-13T14:36:44Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685267 wikitext text/x-wiki Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (kǝntawu Satumbaye kawunzǝ 29, sagǝ 1959 lan katambo) siyasama lardǝ Najeria bǝ. Shidə banama gomna kəriye Lagosbe saa 2011 səta 2015ro saadənan cidazəna. Kawu shiro, shidə komishina lamarra kamuwabe-a nəmtalaa fulutəbe kəriye Lagos bǝ saa 2003 səta 2011ro saadənan. ==Sumana== Ferowa raksa dunya falzayin kuru falzayin. Nda sandiro bananye, ilmuye, kuru dunonza yiwo, sau sandima fuwuma fuwuye do Nigeria-a dunya-aro faltə ngəla suwudinmawo. [[Category:Wq/knc]] hgi5qikktlcainw34nt3r5d3b2naogj 6685270 6685267 2025-06-13T14:37:28Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685270 wikitext text/x-wiki Victoria Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire (kǝntawu Satumbaye kawunzǝ 29, sagǝ 1959 lan katambo) siyasama lardǝ Najeria bǝ. Shidə banama gomna kəriye Lagosbe saa 2011 səta 2015ro saadənan cidazəna. Kawu shiro, shidə komishina lamarra kamuwabe-a nəmtalaa fulutəbe kəriye Lagos bǝ saa 2003 səta 2011ro saadənan. ==Sumana== Ferowa raksa dunya falzayin kuru falzayin. Nda sandiro bananye, ilmuye, kuru dunonza yiwo, sau sandima fuwuma fuwuye do Nigeria-a dunya-aro faltə ngəla suwudinmawo. [https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2023/10/11/orelope-adefulire-affirms-commitment-to-rights-welfare-of-the-girl-child/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] 3qld79x6veahw2ih5sn7jfcjgyuvt8a 0 3608784 6685251 2025-06-13T14:31:56Z Sauit 2605150 Sauit moved page [[Wp/dlg/Екатерина II Алексеевна]] to [[Wp/dlg/Екатерина II]] 6685251 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/dlg/Екатерина II]] 8khd9g3qezy4epvmakwjm96kxuzdq07 0 3608785 6685253 2025-06-13T14:32:12Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''mutsa''' # kureva rudzi rwevanhuvose vepasirose; vanhu seboka. # kureva manzwiro erudo rwakazadzika runeruporepore; kuona munhu zvinopfuura paari asi zvemuhana yake. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/humanity|humanity]], [[Wt/sn/grace|grace]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Manzwiro]]" 6685253 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''mutsa''' # kureva rudzi rwevanhuvose vepasirose; vanhu seboka. # kureva manzwiro erudo rwakazadzika runeruporepore; kuona munhu zvinopfuura paari asi zvemuhana yake. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/humanity|humanity]], [[Wt/sn/grace|grace]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Manzwiro]] gqd23wevr1yk86uhgihs4v53kfuy0ch 0 3608786 6685254 2025-06-13T14:32:29Z Sauit 2605150 Redirected page to [[Wp/dlg/Екатерина II]] 6685254 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/dlg/Екатерина II]] 8khd9g3qezy4epvmakwjm96kxuzdq07 0 3608787 6685260 2025-06-13T14:34:59Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''huchidiki''' # kureva kuva munhumudiki; kuva wezera rechidoko zvakasiyana nekuva mwana kana nekuva munhumukuru. # [[Wt/sn/umhandara|umhandara]] kana [[Wt/sn/ujaha|ujaha]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/youth|youth]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]]" 6685260 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''huchidiki''' # kureva kuva munhumudiki; kuva wezera rechidoko zvakasiyana nekuva mwana kana nekuva munhumukuru. # [[Wt/sn/umhandara|umhandara]] kana [[Wt/sn/ujaha|ujaha]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/youth|youth]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] 6prf293nmhe8kgrg7n5ouyd2mdz27hq 0 3608788 6685264 2025-06-13T14:35:55Z Sauit 2605150 Sauit moved page [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV Васильевич]] to [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV]] 6685264 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/dlg/Иван IV]] fuypt9ju5i60jtjg1e70uze2wjzw6eb 0 3608789 6685269 2025-06-13T14:37:13Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''murapameno''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/varapameno|varapameno]]''') # kureva munhu anoshanda sachiremba anorapa mazino; munhu anosevenza muzve[[Wt/sn/urapameno|urapameno]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/dentist|dentist]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]]" 6685269 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''murapameno''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/varapameno|varapameno]]''') # kureva munhu anoshanda sachiremba anorapa mazino; munhu anosevenza muzve[[Wt/sn/urapameno|urapameno]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/dentist|dentist]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]] n0rfshutyiutc1l7bctjxpynlbs7zox 0 3608790 6685272 2025-06-13T14:38:13Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''urapameno''' (''mamwemashoko'' '''[[Wt/sn/hurapameno|hurapameno]]''') # kuita nezvekurapameno; kurapa mazino. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/dentistry|dentistry]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]]" 6685272 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''urapameno''' (''mamwemashoko'' '''[[Wt/sn/hurapameno|hurapameno]]''') # kuita nezvekurapameno; kurapa mazino. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/dentistry|dentistry]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]] 2pzsryz88qgtqlhad0mhpdklpcavsjm 0 3608791 6685273 2025-06-13T14:38:19Z Sauit 2605150 Redirected page to [[Wp/dlg/Лингуа франка нова]] 6685273 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/dlg/Лингуа франка нова]] ev7f99tffzcqys1qmkn2pwrtbzr1iex 0 3608792 6685275 2025-06-13T14:38:42Z Sauit 2605150 Redirected page to [[Wp/dlg/Лингуа франка нова]] 6685275 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/dlg/Лингуа франка нова]] ev7f99tffzcqys1qmkn2pwrtbzr1iex 0 3608793 6685278 2025-06-13T14:39:43Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "=={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang dibakal [[Wt/bew/bayar|bayar]] [[Category:Wt/bew]]" 6685278 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang dibakal [[Wt/bew/bayar|bayar]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] rnxcecx01toajpg69fr2yve70ndz4qv 6685282 6685278 2025-06-13T14:42:06Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685282 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang dibakal [[Wt/bew/bayarin|bayarin]] ([[Wt/bew/belanjaan|belanjaan]], [[Wt/bew/tagian|tagian]], èns.) [[Category:Wt/bew]] 9mpzipnqdaiyhvd5blhmk36myr8sop3 6685301 6685282 2025-06-13T14:48:25Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685301 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang [[Wt/bew/dibakal|dibakal]] [[Wt/bew/bayarin|bayarin]] ([[Wt/bew/belanjaan|belanjaan]], [[Wt/bew/tagian|tagian]], èns.) [[Category:Wt/bew]] rv3mwacnkxunf3yz3t2aj0baxq1b9qk 0 3608794 6685279 2025-06-13T14:41:04Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''sachirao''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/anasachiro|anasachiro]], [[Wt/sn/vanasachirao''') # munhu anosevenza zvakaronzeka muzve[[utonganyika|vanasachirao''') # munhu anosevenza zvakaronzeka muzve[[utonganyika]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/politician|politician]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]]" 6685279 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''sachirao''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/anasachiro|anasachiro]], [[Wt/sn/vanasachirao''') # munhu anosevenza zvakaronzeka muzve[[utonganyika|vanasachirao''') # munhu anosevenza zvakaronzeka muzve[[utonganyika]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/politician|politician]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]] 28olgj91aeuj0dme28pienorl4igs1r 6685281 6685279 2025-06-13T14:41:25Z Masiziva 2578955 6685281 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''sachirao''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/anasachiro|anasachiro]], [[Wt/sn/vanasachirao|vanasachirao]]''') # munhu anosevenza zvakaronzeka muzve[[utonganyika|vanasachirao''') # munhu anosevenza zvakaronzeka muzve[[Wt/sn/utonganyika|utonganyika]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/politician|politician]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]] i8ci10xh0opklk5qwobfggyuh0e0677 0 3608795 6685280 2025-06-13T14:41:18Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Dora Akunyili (14 July 1954-7 June 2014) shima darekta kura cidaram kəmbu-a kuru kurun-a kaltəgəye (NAFDAC) Nigeriaye saa 2001lan səta 2008ro saadənan. [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685280 wikitext text/x-wiki Dora Akunyili (14 July 1954-7 June 2014) shima darekta kura cidaram kəmbu-a kuru kurun-a kaltəgəye (NAFDAC) Nigeriaye saa 2001lan səta 2008ro saadənan. [[Category:Wq/knc]] 83u79y60m8etu3nd6apimnmtdlatseq 6685283 6685280 2025-06-13T14:42:54Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685283 wikitext text/x-wiki Dora Akunyili (14 July 1954-7 June 2014) shima darekta kura cidaram kəmbu-a kuru kurun-a kaltəgəye (NAFDAC) Nigeriaye saa 2001lan səta 2008ro saadənan. == Sumana == Awado Nigeria koksanadǝ kǝnashinza lardǝ-lardǝ kǝla kǝlga, fuwuzanaga kuru fuwuzanaga gartabe mbeji nado nǝmadal jamabe sunotinma. Kuru andeye kənashinzə gozaa kowoye dalildə shima loktu kənashinzə koljiya daji kənəngadə baro waljin. [[Category:Wq/knc]] emksd1nauvvofhivc2fynip2iu5jr9f 6685286 6685283 2025-06-13T14:44:46Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685286 wikitext text/x-wiki Dora Akunyili (14 July 1954-7 June 2014) shima darekta kura cidaram kəmbu-a kuru kurun-a kaltəgəye (NAFDAC) Nigeriaye saa 2001lan səta 2008ro saadənan. == Sumana == Awado Nigeria koksanadǝ kǝnashinza lardǝ-lardǝ kǝla kǝlga, fuwuzanaga kuru fuwuzanaga gartabe mbeji nado nǝmadal jamabe sunotinma. Kuru andeye kənashinzə gozaa kowoye dalildə shima loktu kənashinzə koljiya daji kənəngadə baro waljin. [https://dailypost.ng/2014/06/10/full-text-professor-dora-akunyilis-last-public-speech/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] p5fiy57ex1p1pdl8m6wnx5aqxhl97nr 6685291 6685286 2025-06-13T14:46:10Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685291 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:DoraAkunyili Monument at Ezinano Agulu.jpg|thumb]] Dora Akunyili (14 July 1954-7 June 2014) shima darekta kura cidaram kəmbu-a kuru kurun-a kaltəgəye (NAFDAC) Nigeriaye saa 2001lan səta 2008ro saadənan. == Sumana == Awado Nigeria koksanadǝ kǝnashinza lardǝ-lardǝ kǝla kǝlga, fuwuzanaga kuru fuwuzanaga gartabe mbeji nado nǝmadal jamabe sunotinma. Kuru andeye kənashinzə gozaa kowoye dalildə shima loktu kənashinzə koljiya daji kənəngadə baro waljin. [https://dailypost.ng/2014/06/10/full-text-professor-dora-akunyilis-last-public-speech/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] tf09uepctljk8wt62mh9lmk05h8xhvq 6685295 6685291 2025-06-13T14:47:01Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685295 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:DoraAkunyili Monument at Ezinano Agulu.jpg|thumb]] Dora Akunyili (14 July 1954-7 June 2014) shima darekta kura cidaram kəmbu-a kuru kurun-a kaltəgəye (NAFDAC) Nigeria yǝ saa 2001 lan səta 2008 ro saadənan. == Sumana == Awado Nigeria koksanadǝ kǝnashinza lardǝ-lardǝ kǝla kǝlga, fuwuzanaga kuru fuwuzanaga gartabe mbeji nado nǝmadal jamabe sunotinma. Kuru andeye kənashinzə gozaa kowoye dalildə shima loktu kənashinzə koljiya daji kənəngadə baro waljin.[https://dailypost.ng/2014/06/10/full-text-professor-dora-akunyilis-last-public-speech/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] 7w3uazaa4zc48ow2mn4ria1pz0bp17z 0 3608796 6685284 2025-06-13T14:44:08Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===unenaruvambo=== kubva pakuti ''[[Wt/sn/gasa|gasa]]'' iro shoko richibva pakuti [[Wt/sn/kukasa|kukasa]] kureva [[Wt/sn/kuganhura|kuganhura]]. ===Bizo=== '''gasamuriro''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/vagasamuriro|vagasamuriro]]''') # munhu anosevenza muzvekudzima moto; mudzimi wemoto. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/firefighter|firefighter]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] Category:Wt..." 6685284 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===unenaruvambo=== kubva pakuti ''[[Wt/sn/gasa|gasa]]'' iro shoko richibva pakuti [[Wt/sn/kukasa|kukasa]] kureva [[Wt/sn/kuganhura|kuganhura]]. ===Bizo=== '''gasamuriro''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/vagasamuriro|vagasamuriro]]''') # munhu anosevenza muzvekudzima moto; mudzimi wemoto. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/firefighter|firefighter]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]] hn9l264l961re5r9affhypw3z6mvxou 6685285 6685284 2025-06-13T14:44:35Z Masiziva 2578955 6685285 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Unenaruvambo=== kubva pakuti ''[[Wt/sn/gasa|gasa]]'' iro shoko richibva pakuti [[Wt/sn/kukasa|kukasa]] kureva [[Wt/sn/kuganhura|kuganhura]]. ===Bizo=== '''gasamuriro''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/vagasamuriro|vagasamuriro]]''') # munhu anosevenza muzvekudzima moto; mudzimi wemoto. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/firefighter|firefighter]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]] csupllpeesy4y070f5fyouim7fhq7r0 0 3608797 6685287 2025-06-13T14:45:07Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "=={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} # {{-a-|bew}} cara [[bebuyutan]]; cara nyang uda jadi [[tumanan]] # {{-a-|bew}} [[kolot]]; kaga' [[modèren]]" 6685287 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} # {{-a-|bew}} cara [[bebuyutan]]; cara nyang uda jadi [[tumanan]] # {{-a-|bew}} [[kolot]]; kaga' [[modèren]] erzgml7k2yl86cf5x95px8paw51mxe9 6685288 6685287 2025-06-13T14:45:14Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685288 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} cara [[Wt/bew/bebuyutan|bebuyutan]]; cara nyang uda jadi [[Wt/bew/tumanan|tumanan]] # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/kolot|kolot]]; kaga' [[Wt/bew/modèren|modèren]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] 3s6k8jl0afhz1r6z0dnuveeqok8n8bj 0 3608798 6685294 2025-06-13T14:46:42Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chikunda''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/vachikunda|vachikunda]], [[Wt/sn/zvikunda|zvikunda]]''') # munhu anoshanda achiita zvemawuto; [[Wt/sn/musoja|musoja]]. # ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/soldier|soldier]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]]" 6685294 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chikunda''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/vachikunda|vachikunda]], [[Wt/sn/zvikunda|zvikunda]]''') # munhu anoshanda achiita zvemawuto; [[Wt/sn/musoja|musoja]]. # ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/soldier|soldier]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabasa]] 0on1hlfxglp3cd9s91dlo62zgskat4o 3 3608799 6685296 2025-06-13T14:47:25Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685296 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 14:47, 13 June 2025 (UTC) iwj85s8uvm87v5war53xeox6noid7kd 0 3608800 6685297 2025-06-13T14:47:48Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "=={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{l|bew|ngegedé}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{-v-|bew}} jadi [[gedé]]" 6685297 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{l|bew|ngegedé}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{-v-|bew}} jadi [[gedé]] f7yt2zv8x2waxufntmq2preda9p3t9w 6685299 6685297 2025-06-13T14:47:57Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685299 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Laèn ragem==== * {{Wt/bew/l|bew|ngegedé}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew}} jadi [[Wt/bew/gedé|gedé]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] lydqkh16kco1hp4x8w9fstaickap9lc 0 3608801 6685302 2025-06-13T14:49:27Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "=={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew||mandaan}} [[Wt/bew/dipaké|dipaké]] [[Wt/bew/bakal|bakal]]; [[Wt/bew/dibikin|dibikin]] bakal [[Category:Wt/bew]]" 6685302 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-v-|bew||mandaan}} [[Wt/bew/dipaké|dipaké]] [[Wt/bew/bakal|bakal]]; [[Wt/bew/dibikin|dibikin]] bakal [[Category:Wt/bew]] r1uvmewwpgdlst60bshdrdv44ak0wl2 0 3608802 6685304 2025-06-13T14:50:43Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chitsitsinho''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvitsitsinho|zvitsitsinho]]''') # inhengo yemwiri inowanikwa sechikamu chegumbo, chiri pazasi pe[[Wt/sn/chidodoma|chidodoma]]; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/nhende|nhende]]; [[Wt/sn/chitende|chitende]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/heel|heel]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] Category:Wt/..." 6685304 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chitsitsinho''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvitsitsinho|zvitsitsinho]]''') # inhengo yemwiri inowanikwa sechikamu chegumbo, chiri pazasi pe[[Wt/sn/chidodoma|chidodoma]]; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/nhende|nhende]]; [[Wt/sn/chitende|chitende]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/heel|heel]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mwiri]] jfzu4s8wntwq1g5gnn827qvklrd4z1j 0 3608803 6685305 2025-06-13T14:52:21Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''mupimbiri''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/mipimbiri|mipimbiri]]''') #chikamu chegumbo chinobva patsoka kusvika pabvi icho chiri divi rakadzivana netsapfu; nekumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/mupimbira|mupimbira]]; [[Wt/sn/mupambare|mupambare]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/shin|shin]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mwiri]]" 6685305 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''mupimbiri''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/mipimbiri|mipimbiri]]''') #chikamu chegumbo chinobva patsoka kusvika pabvi icho chiri divi rakadzivana netsapfu; nekumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/mupimbira|mupimbira]]; [[Wt/sn/mupambare|mupambare]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/shin|shin]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mwiri]] mw228mncltag6c44w7hgl77gxijd8er 0 3608804 6685306 2025-06-13T14:52:25Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Elizabeth Ativie də siyasama Nigeriaye shidoni banama majaliskuye kəriye Edoye 25 July 2016 lan cidazənadə. Shidə kazadala majaliskuye 9 May 2016 lan səta 24 July 2016 ro saadəna. [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685306 wikitext text/x-wiki Elizabeth Ativie də siyasama Nigeriaye shidoni banama majaliskuye kəriye Edoye 25 July 2016 lan cidazənadə. Shidə kazadala majaliskuye 9 May 2016 lan səta 24 July 2016 ro saadəna. [[Category:Wq/knc]] 71ywng1i55c2fxxip7smo2f41se25c5 6685309 6685306 2025-06-13T14:53:54Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685309 wikitext text/x-wiki Elizabeth Ativie də siyasama Nigeriaye shidoni banama majaliskuye kəriye Edoye 25 July 2016 lan cidazənadə. Shidə kazadala majaliskuye 9 May 2016 lan səta 24 July 2016 ro saadəna. == Sumana == Andeye asunyiyen kamuwa laadə rizana dalil nji siyasabe kattiye nankaro. [[Category:Wq/knc]] lt55m8k1zwp8svchsuhbt52jo5vks4h 0 3608805 6685307 2025-06-13T14:53:15Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "=={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} # {{-n-|bew}} [[pijetan]] [[terdisionil]] nyang [[dibakal]] [[ngurutin]] atawa [[ngebenerin]] [[badan]] punya [[telampangan]] ([[urat]], [[tulang]], èns.)" 6685307 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} # {{-n-|bew}} [[pijetan]] [[terdisionil]] nyang [[dibakal]] [[ngurutin]] atawa [[ngebenerin]] [[badan]] punya [[telampangan]] ([[urat]], [[tulang]], èns.) m23eo26m7995x5yk2q2on0s1zxkslpc 6685308 6685307 2025-06-13T14:53:24Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685308 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/pijetan|pijetan]] [[Wt/bew/terdisionil|terdisionil]] nyang [[Wt/bew/dibakal|dibakal]] [[Wt/bew/ngurutin|ngurutin]] atawa [[Wt/bew/ngebenerin|ngebenerin]] [[Wt/bew/badan|badan]] punya [[Wt/bew/telampangan|telampangan]] ([[Wt/bew/urat|urat]], [[Wt/bew/tulang|tulang]], èns.) [[Category:Wt/bew]] 0ir6r20uhtioriiwg6f914nbzk7w8r3 0 3608806 6685310 2025-06-13T14:54:19Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "=={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang [[Wt/bew/diambrekin|diambrekin]] bareng [[Category:Wt/bew]]" 6685310 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang [[Wt/bew/diambrekin|diambrekin]] bareng [[Category:Wt/bew]] 8x4cgkr9jwukh36qaa4ud5bdsd4xmsy 6685311 6685310 2025-06-13T14:55:23Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685311 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} boléan deri [[Wt/bew/ngambrekin|ngambrekin]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] clrokoxo6hwe0u7duq9y9n6ze6argcf 6685312 6685311 2025-06-13T14:56:17Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685312 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang ada [[Wt/bew/ngambrek|ngambrek]] atawa [[Wt/bew/diambrekin|diambrekin]]; boléan deri [[Wt/bew/ngambrekin|ngambrekin]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] p38e4jxs1c3u5ipkanonstm7c69tcd8 6685314 6685312 2025-06-13T14:57:00Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685314 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} nyang [[Wt/bew/ambrek|ambrek]] atawa [[Wt/bew/diambrekin|diambrekin]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] cagi2uyn86aqq62sqjvoc0cfj6rpu1r 6685316 6685314 2025-06-13T14:57:46Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685316 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} boléan deri [[Wt/bew/ngambrekin|ngambrekin]] # {{Wt/bew/-a-|bew}} nyang [[Wt/bew/ambrek|ambrek]] atawa [[Wt/bew/diambrekin|diambrekin]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] 30emibvxprjq1wrl8g79balu4f3oepb 0 3608807 6685313 2025-06-13T14:56:53Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D Created page with "[[File:BTS for Samsung Galaxy, 2022.jpg|thumb]] '''BTS''' (Korean: 방탄소년단; RR: Bangtan Sonyeondan; lit. Bulletproof Boy Scouts), Bangtan Boys tia hriat bawk hi kum 2010-a din, South Korean boy band a ni a, Jin, Suga, J-Hope, RM, Jimin, V, leh Jung Kook te an ni a, an co-write emaw co-produce emaw an ni an thupui tam tak chu. A tir chuan hip hop group an ni a, an music style chu an tizau a, genre hrang hrang an dah tel a, an hla thu erawh chu rilru hriselna, si..." 6685313 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BTS for Samsung Galaxy, 2022.jpg|thumb]] '''BTS''' (Korean: 방탄소년단; RR: Bangtan Sonyeondan; lit. Bulletproof Boy Scouts), Bangtan Boys tia hriat bawk hi kum 2010-a din, South Korean boy band a ni a, Jin, Suga, J-Hope, RM, Jimin, V, leh Jung Kook te an ni a, an co-write emaw co-produce emaw an ni an thupui tam tak chu. A tir chuan hip hop group an ni a, an music style chu an tizau a, genre hrang hrang an dah tel a, an hla thu erawh chu rilru hriselna, sikul kal thei tura tleirawl harsatna leh kum tling lo, hloh, mahni inhmangaihna lam panna zinkawng, mimal ngaihdan, leh hmingthanna leh hriat hlawhna avanga thil thlengte a ni. An discography leh a kianga an hnathawh te hian literature, philosophy leh psychology te pawh a reference a, alternate universe storyline pawh a huam tel bawk. [[Category:Wp/lus]] 8y865723ns9kyhly9qkhqaml0empti8 0 3608808 6685315 2025-06-13T14:57:05Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chiningoningo''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zviningoningo|zviningoningo]]''') #chikamu cheruoko chinobatanidza [[Wt/sn/chanza|chanza]] ne[[Wt/sn/honokono|honokono]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/wrist|wrist]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]]" 6685315 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chiningoningo''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zviningoningo|zviningoningo]]''') #chikamu cheruoko chinobatanidza [[Wt/sn/chanza|chanza]] ne[[Wt/sn/honokono|honokono]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/wrist|wrist]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]] kcgo428o0gjz93n0kfa1bgwdno7rlcu 0 3608809 6685317 2025-06-13T14:59:44Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''honokono''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/gono|gono]]''') #chikamu cheruoko chinotandamuka kubvira pa[[Wt/sn/gokora|gokora]], kuenda ku[[Wt/sn/chiningoningo|chiningoningo]] kusvika ku[[Wt/sn/muphemunwe|muphemunwe]]; kureva gonokono. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/forearm|forearm]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze..." 6685317 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''honokono''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/gono|gono]]''') #chikamu cheruoko chinotandamuka kubvira pa[[Wt/sn/gokora|gokora]], kuenda ku[[Wt/sn/chiningoningo|chiningoningo]] kusvika ku[[Wt/sn/muphemunwe|muphemunwe]]; kureva gonokono. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/forearm|forearm]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]] mz128jgntwg2jc0z8bl4ncbc6jorlam 0 3608810 6685318 2025-06-13T15:00:11Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D Created page with "[[File:Twice in 2017.jpg|thumb]] ''' Twice ''' (Hangul: 트와이스; Japanese: トゥワイス) hi South Korean girl group niin JYP Entertainment chuan kum 2015 khan an din a, K-pop group hi member 9 (Chaeyoung, Dahyun, Jeongyeon, Jihyo, Mina, Momo, Nayeon, Sana, leh Tzuyu) awmna niin October thla khan an din tan a ni 20, 2015 khan album tawi The Story Begins tihchhuah a ni. [[Category:Wp/lus]]" 6685318 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Twice in 2017.jpg|thumb]] ''' Twice ''' (Hangul: 트와이스; Japanese: トゥワイス) hi South Korean girl group niin JYP Entertainment chuan kum 2015 khan an din a, K-pop group hi member 9 (Chaeyoung, Dahyun, Jeongyeon, Jihyo, Mina, Momo, Nayeon, Sana, leh Tzuyu) awmna niin October thla khan an din tan a ni 20, 2015 khan album tawi The Story Begins tihchhuah a ni. [[Category:Wp/lus]] 3o0s7q9eyo30cxhoxoz5vb45obd51wf 0 3608811 6685319 2025-06-13T15:01:25Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''dzara''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/madzara|madzara]]''') #kureva miperengwa etsoka; munhu anemadzara makumi patsoka. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/toe|toe]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]]" 6685319 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''dzara''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/madzara|madzara]]''') #kureva miperengwa etsoka; munhu anemadzara makumi patsoka. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/toe|toe]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]] flaahm0lz08jit06u4vh5fcxrxsigu4 6685320 6685319 2025-06-13T15:01:54Z Masiziva 2578955 6685320 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''dzara''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvidzara|zvidzara]]''') #kureva miperengwa etsoka; munhu anemadzara makumi patsoka; kureva chidzara. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/toe|toe]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]] 4ibu2j6qun4feetd8880xjnk3smx3nr 0 3608812 6685321 2025-06-13T15:05:09Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''hutsadumbu''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/mahutsadumbu|mahutsadumbu]]; [[Wt/sn/matumburira|matumburira]]''') #nhengo yemwiri inedumbu nenhengo dzesikarudzi kana nhengo dzekubarisa; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/dumburira|dumburira]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/abdomen|abdomen]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] Category:Wt/sn/Nhen..." 6685321 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''hutsadumbu''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/mahutsadumbu|mahutsadumbu]]; [[Wt/sn/matumburira|matumburira]]''') #nhengo yemwiri inedumbu nenhengo dzesikarudzi kana nhengo dzekubarisa; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/dumburira|dumburira]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/abdomen|abdomen]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]] 2fb6u360eiyo2bqt09nzwd6h5o6xjxj 0 3608813 6685322 2025-06-13T15:06:03Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D Created page with "[[File:골든 디스크 어워드 - 블랙핑크.jpg|thumb]] ''' Blackpink ''' (Korean: 블랙핑크, cap zawng zawnga stylized emaw BLɅϽKPIИK tia sawi) hi South Korean girl group pakhat YG Entertainment din a ni a, a hming hi a lar hle. He group-ah hian member pali an awm a, chungte chu Jisoo, Jennie, Rosé leh Lisa te an ni. Publication hrang hrangin "khawvela girl group lian ber" tia an ngaih, Korean Wave-a hmahruaitu leh K-pop-a "girl crush" concept ambassador a..." 6685322 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:골든 디스크 어워드 - 블랙핑크.jpg|thumb]] ''' Blackpink ''' (Korean: 블랙핑크, cap zawng zawnga stylized emaw BLɅϽKPIИK tia sawi) hi South Korean girl group pakhat YG Entertainment din a ni a, a hming hi a lar hle. He group-ah hian member pali an awm a, chungte chu Jisoo, Jennie, Rosé leh Lisa te an ni. Publication hrang hrangin "khawvela girl group lian ber" tia an ngaih, Korean Wave-a hmahruaitu leh K-pop-a "girl crush" concept ambassador anga pawm an ni a, hei hian mahni inrintawkna leh hmeichhe chakna thupui hrang hrang a chhui a ni. [[Category:Wp/lus]] 8rx2d33ovpcok0xj4a9g6io2rle0bev 0 3608814 6685323 2025-06-13T15:11:26Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''hudyu''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/mahudyu|mahudyu]]'') #nhengo yemwiri inoreva pane[[Wt/sn/perivhisi|perivhisi]] ne pfupa rechisoro re[[Wt/sn/chidya|chidya]] pamativi ese emwiri wevanhu ne[[Wt/sn/makwadhirupiridzi|makwadhirupiridzi]]. Nokumwekutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/huju|huju]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/hip|hip]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] Category:Wt/sn/Ma..." 6685323 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''hudyu''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/mahudyu|mahudyu]]'') #nhengo yemwiri inoreva pane[[Wt/sn/perivhisi|perivhisi]] ne pfupa rechisoro re[[Wt/sn/chidya|chidya]] pamativi ese emwiri wevanhu ne[[Wt/sn/makwadhirupiridzi|makwadhirupiridzi]]. Nokumwekutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/huju|huju]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/hip|hip]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]] qn2l09142l6deh9zulqr9eckm84esle 0 3608815 6685324 2025-06-13T15:14:10Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chirhumha''' (''uwandu'' '''zvirhumha]]''') #chisikwa kana chikara chendoto kana ngano chikurusa chinotyisidza; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/chikaramasango|chikaramasango]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/monster|monster]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]]" 6685324 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chirhumha''' (''uwandu'' '''zvirhumha]]''') #chisikwa kana chikara chendoto kana ngano chikurusa chinotyisidza; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/chikaramasango|chikaramasango]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/monster|monster]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Nhengo dze Mwiri]] p98p3whwh1j1mxh3yp46erlm97u6mkj 0 3608816 6685325 2025-06-13T15:14:11Z Manandez 1531006 Pájina novu. 6685325 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Albrecht_Dürer_-_Selbstbildnis_im_Pelzrock_-_Alte_Pinakothek.jpg|thumb|right|300px|]] '''Albrecht Dürer''' ([[Wp/kea/Nuremberg|Nuremberg]], [[Wp/kea/21 di maiu|21 di maiu]] di [[Wp/kea/1471|1471]] – Nuremberg, [[Wp/kea/6 di abril|6 di abril]] di [[Wp/kea/1528|1528]]) foi un gravador, pintador, dizenhador, matimátiku y teóricu di arti alemon y, talvês, el é más konxedu artista di [[Wp/kea/Renasimentu|Renasimentu]] nórdicu, influensiandu artistas di [[Wp/kea/Sékulu 16|sékulu 16]] na se país y na [[Wp/kea/Holanda|Holanda]]. [[Category:Wp/kea/Ómi]] [[Category:Wp/kea]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5580}} qn0s4xmia57i0eulffexpxdxagg4wl8 0 3608817 6685326 2025-06-13T15:16:31Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D Created page with "Ka '''I-dle''' (Korea: 아이들; RR: Aideul; la thoh ha ki dak rit baroh), kaba la tip mynshuwa kum ka '''(G)I-dle''' ((여자)아이들; Yeoja Aideul), ka don phra ngut ki dkhot: ka Miyeon, ka Minnie, ka Soyeon, ka Yuqi bad ka Shuhua. Ha kaba sdang ka dei ka kynhun tem hynriew ngut, u dkhot u Soojin u la mih noh na ka kynhun ha ka 14 tarik u Naiwieng, 2021. [[Category:Wp/kha]]" 6685326 wikitext text/x-wiki Ka '''I-dle''' (Korea: 아이들; RR: Aideul; la thoh ha ki dak rit baroh), kaba la tip mynshuwa kum ka '''(G)I-dle''' ((여자)아이들; Yeoja Aideul), ka don phra ngut ki dkhot: ka Miyeon, ka Minnie, ka Soyeon, ka Yuqi bad ka Shuhua. Ha kaba sdang ka dei ka kynhun tem hynriew ngut, u dkhot u Soojin u la mih noh na ka kynhun ha ka 14 tarik u Naiwieng, 2021. [[Category:Wp/kha]] ek7isoqd2a7s0vialpv3f8d00dc0yd5 6685327 6685326 2025-06-13T15:17:20Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D 6685327 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20241130 (G)I-dle MMA 2024 Red Carpet.jpg|thumb|(G)I-DLE]] Ka '''I-dle''' (Korea: 아이들; RR: Aideul; la thoh ha ki dak rit baroh), kaba la tip mynshuwa kum ka '''(G)I-dle''' ((여자)아이들; Yeoja Aideul), ka don phra ngut ki dkhot: ka Miyeon, ka Minnie, ka Soyeon, ka Yuqi bad ka Shuhua. Ha kaba sdang ka dei ka kynhun tem hynriew ngut, u dkhot u Soojin u la mih noh na ka kynhun ha ka 14 tarik u Naiwieng, 2021. [[Category:Wp/kha]] nm33ba045r8uztktlbby55d29wfkktd 6685329 6685327 2025-06-13T15:19:03Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D 6685329 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20241130 (G)I-dle MMA 2024 Red Carpet.jpg|thumb|(G)I-DLE]] Ka '''I-dle''' (Korea: 아이들; RR: Aideul; la thoh ha ki dak rit baroh), kaba la tip mynshuwa kum ka '''(G)I-dle''' ((여자)아이들; Yeoja Aideul), ka don phra ngut ki dkhot: ka Miyeon, ka Minnie, ka Soyeon, ka Yuqi bad ka Shuhua. Ha kaba sdang ka dei ka kynhun tem hynriew ngut, u dkhot u Soojin u la mih noh na ka kynhun ha ka 14 tarik u Naiwieng, 2021. La iaroh ia ki namar ka jinglah jong ki ban rwai, ka jinglah ban leh bun kiei kiei, bad namar ka jingpynpra ia ki jingmut ba la buh lypa kum ka kynhun bleithaw kaba "pynmih hi", kaba la tip bha na ka bynta ka jingthoh bad pynmih shibun ki tiar jong ki. Naduh ba ki la mih nyngkong, la batai ïa ki kum kawei na ki kynhun kynthei South Korea kaba jop bha shabar jong ki kynhun rwai "big four”. [[Category:Wp/kha]] bxs1j0eofpxxtoxnby2mf6pc2enwgrj 6685331 6685329 2025-06-13T15:20:56Z 2001:861:E3D3:E350:28ED:771F:574A:B26D 6685331 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20241130 (G)I-dle MMA 2024 Red Carpet.jpg|thumb|(G)I-DLE]] Ka '''I-dle''' (Korea: 아이들; RR: Aideul; la thoh ha ki dak rit baroh), kaba la tip mynshuwa kum ka '''(G)I-dle''' ((여자)아이들; Yeoja Aideul), ka don phra ngut ki dkhot: ka Miyeon, ka Minnie, ka Soyeon, ka Yuqi bad ka Shuhua. Ha kaba sdang ka dei ka kynhun tem hynriew ngut, u dkhot u Soojin u la mih noh na ka kynhun ha ka 14 tarik u Naiwieng, 2021. La iaroh ia ki namar ka jinglah jong ki ban rwai, ka jinglah ban leh bun kiei kiei, bad namar ka jingpynpra ia ki jingmut ba la buh lypa kum ka kynhun bleithaw kaba "pynmih hi", kaba la tip bha na ka bynta ka jingthoh bad pynmih shibun ki tiar jong ki. Naduh ba ki la mih nyngkong, la batai ïa ki kum kawei na ki kynhun kynthei South Korea kaba jop bha shabar jong ki kynhun rwai "big four”. Ka (G)I-dle ka la mih nyngkong da ka jingrwai ba la pynjlan (EP) I Am bad ka jingrwai ba kongsan jong ka "Latata" ha ka 2 tarik u Naitung, 2018. Hadien katto katne tylli ki jingrwai ba la jop bha, ka kynhun ka la kiew sha ka kyrdan ba pawnam da ka "Tomboy", ka jingrwai ba pawnam jong ka album ba nyngkong jong ki I Never Die (2022). Ka jingrwai ka la long kaba jop bha ha ka liang ka jingrwai bad ka khaii pateng, ha kaba ka la poi ha ka kyrdan ba nyngkong ha ka Circle Digital Chart. Ka jingrwai kaba bud jong ki, "Nxde", ka la long ruh kaba hakhmat eh ha ka thup jingrwai bad ka la pynlong ïa u (G)I-dle kum u nongrwai ba marwei uba la ïoh ïa ki ar tylli ki jingrwai kiba lah ban ïoh ïa ka jingrwai kaba paka ha u snem 2022. Ka la pynlong ruh ïa ki kum ki jingrwai ba nyngkong eh na ka kynhun rwai ba laitluid ban paw nyngkong ha ka thup jingrwai jong ka US Billboard Pop Airplay da ka jingrwai bym dei ka jingrwai phareng. Ka EP kaba hynriew jong u (G)I-dle, I Feel (2023), ka la pynmih ia ka jingrwai "Queencard", kaba la long ka jingrwai kaba lai lynter jong ka kynhun kaba long ha South Korea. Kane ka jingrwai ka la long kaba nyngkong jong ki ban die palat shi million kopi ha South Korea, bad ki la die ar million kopi ha kylleng ka pyrthei ha u snem 2023, ong ka IFPI. Ka album studio ba ar jong kane ka kynhun, ka 2 (2024), ka la ïoh ruh ïa ka jingjop ha ka liang ka khaii pateng bad la die palat shi million tylli ha South Korea. Ka la ai ia ka jingrwai ba pawnam ha ki shiphew tylli ki jingrwai "Super Lady" bad ka jingrwai ba nyngkong "Fate", kaba la ioh ia ka jingjop wat la kam shym la pynmih kum ka jingrwai ba pawnam. [[Category:Wp/kha]] 9j9sabu62ns0wybwt0emvs7mkjpemt2 0 3608818 6685328 2025-06-13T15:18:32Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''nhondo''' (''uwandu'' '''[nhondo''') #imhuka ine makumbo mana inodya sora neuswa uye dzechirume dzine[[Wt/sn/maenthla|maenthla]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/deer|deer]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]]" 6685328 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''nhondo''' (''uwandu'' '''[nhondo''') #imhuka ine makumbo mana inodya sora neuswa uye dzechirume dzine[[Wt/sn/maenthla|maenthla]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/deer|deer]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] gsuq0ta6pcue4r71b8wm1tvxwoarcoo 10 3608819 6685330 2025-06-13T15:19:19Z Mirlim 2598865 Created page with "{{Wp/mfa/Navbox |name = Ore Asli |title = [[Wp/mfa/Ore Asli di Melesiya|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Ore asli Smenanjóng Melesiya</span>]] | titlestyle = color:white; background-color:brown; | groupstyle = color:white; background-color:brown; |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |image = |listclass = hlist |group1 = Etnik |list1 = {{Wp/mfa/Navbox subgroup | groupstyle = color:white; background-color:brown; |group1 = Wp/mfa/Nnayu Proto|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">N..." 6685330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mfa/Navbox |name = Ore Asli |title = [[Wp/mfa/Ore Asli di Melesiya|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Ore asli Smenanjóng Melesiya</span>]] | titlestyle = color:white; background-color:brown; | groupstyle = color:white; background-color:brown; |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |image = |listclass = hlist |group1 = Etnik |list1 = {{Wp/mfa/Navbox subgroup | groupstyle = color:white; background-color:brown; |group1 = [[Wp/mfa/Nnayu Proto|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Nnayu Proto</span>]] |list1 = * [[Wp/mfa/Jakun|Jakun]] * [[Wp/mfa/Ore Kanaq|Kanaq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Ore Laut|Laut]] ** [[Wp/mfa/Ore Kuala|Kuala]] ** [[Wp/mfa/Ore Seletar|Seletar]] * [[Wp/mfa/Ore Semelai|Semelai]] * [[Wp/mfa/Temoq|Temoq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Temuan|Temuan]] |group2 = [[Wp/mfa/Semang|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Semang</span>]] ([[Wp/mfa/Negrito|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Negrito</span>]]) |list2 = * [[Wp/mfa/Bateq|Bateq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Jahai|Jahai]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kensiu|Kensiu]] * [[Wp/mfa/Lanoh|Lanoh]] * [[Wp/mfa/Mendriq|Mendriq]] |group3 = [[Wp/mfa/Senoi|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Senoi</span>]] |list3 = * [[Wp/mfa/Che Wong|Che Wong]] * [[Wp/mfa/Jah Hut|Jah Hut]] * [[Wp/mfa/Mahmeri|Mahmeri]] * [[Wp/mfa/Ore Semai|Semai]] * [[Wp/mfa/Semaq Beri|Semaq Beri]] * [[Wp/mfa/Temiar|Temiar]] }} | group2 = Bahaso | list2 = * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Bateq|Bateq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Che Wong|Che Wong]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Duano|Duano]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Jah Hut|Jah Hut]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Jahai|Jahai]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Jakun|Jakun]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Jedek|Jedek]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Kensiu|Kensiu]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Kintaq|Kintaq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Lanoh|Lanoh]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Mah Meri|Mah Meri]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Mendriq|Mendriq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Mintil|Mintil]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Ten'edn|Ten'edn]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Ore Kanaq|Ore Kanaq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Ore Seletar|Ore Seletar]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Semai|Semai]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Semaq Beri|Semaq Beri]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Semelai|Semelai]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Semnam|Semnam]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Temiar|Temiar]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Temoq|Temoq]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Temuan|Temuan]] {{Wp/mfa/Navbox subgroup | groupstyle = color:white; background-color:brown; |group1 = Takdok doh |list1 = * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Kenaboi|Kenaboi]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Sabüm|Sabüm]] * [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Wila'|Wila']] }} |group3 = Kebudayoe |list3 = * [[Wp/mfa/Upacara sewang|Upacara sewang]] * [[Wp/mfa/Buluh cehtong|Buluh cehtong]] {{Wp/mfa/Navbox subgroup | groupstyle = color:white; background-color:brown; |group1 = Muziyung |list1 = * [[Wp/mfa/Muziyung Ore Asli (Ayer Keróh)|Ayer Keroh]] * [[Wp/mfa/Muziyung Ore Asli (Gombok)|Gombok]] }} |group4 = Mediya |list4 = [[Wp/mfa/Asyik FM|Asyik FM]] |group5 = Recano hok kkaék |list5 = [[Wp/mfa/Senoi Praaq|Senoi Praaq]] | belowstyle = color:white; background-color:brown; | below = {{Wp/mfa/Icon|category}} [[Category:Wp/mfa/Ore Asli|<span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Kategori</span>]] }} <noinclude></noinclude> fnrc028iydkymy8evhwdylwmwhcejat 0 3608820 6685332 2025-06-13T15:21:37Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chura''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvura|zvura]]; [[Wt/sn/machura|machura]]''') #imhuka yechifibhiya inosvetuka-svetuka yakafanana ne[[Wt/sn/datya|datya]]; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/dafi|dafi]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/toad|toad]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mafibhiya]]" 6685332 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chura''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvura|zvura]]; [[Wt/sn/machura|machura]]''') #imhuka yechifibhiya inosvetuka-svetuka yakafanana ne[[Wt/sn/datya|datya]]; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/dafi|dafi]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/toad|toad]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mafibhiya]] bt4xu83xpmcb43b8ueuhg8p2erb5ihv 0 3608821 6685333 2025-06-13T15:23:41Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''ngozha''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/ngozha|ngozha]]; [[Wt/sn/mangozha|mangozha]]''') #ishiri inehukama ne[[Wt/sn/shiri dzechiwivha|shiri dzechiwivha]] inowanikwa ineruvara rwechipfumbu kana chimbise. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/sparrow|sparrow]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]]" 6685333 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''ngozha''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/ngozha|ngozha]]; [[Wt/sn/mangozha|mangozha]]''') #ishiri inehukama ne[[Wt/sn/shiri dzechiwivha|shiri dzechiwivha]] inowanikwa ineruvara rwechipfumbu kana chimbise. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/sparrow|sparrow]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]] jqlnoulakdlan0o25xjfjzs7wq962jh 0 3608822 6685334 2025-06-13T15:25:50Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chikunguobaya''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvikunguobaya|zvikunguobaya]]''') #igunguwo itema-tema; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/mugohore|mugohore]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/raven|raven]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]]" 6685334 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chikunguobaya''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvikunguobaya|zvikunguobaya]]''') #igunguwo itema-tema; nokumwe kutaura zvinonzi [[Wt/sn/mugohore|mugohore]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/raven|raven]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]] ne53dlilybtn9jsswxnpaxry02trri3 0 3608823 6685335 2025-06-13T15:26:44Z Ideophagous 2556214 Created page with "== {{Wt/ary/langue|ary}} == : من {{Wt/ary/étyl|zgh|ary|ⴰⵎⴻⵜⵡⴰⵍ|}} === {{Wt/ary/S|سمية|ary}} === '''أمتوال''' {{Wt/ary/pron|amətwal|ary}} # سمية عامة ديال نواع ديال الديدان لأسطوانية من ڭنس فيلارييا filaria ==== {{Wt/ary/S|مرادفات}} ==== *[[Wt/ary/دودة|دودة]] == مصادر == *{{Wt/ary/ع:شفيق|ص=56}} [[Category:Wt/ary]]" 6685335 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/ary/langue|ary}} == : من {{Wt/ary/étyl|zgh|ary|ⴰⵎⴻⵜⵡⴰⵍ|}} === {{Wt/ary/S|سمية|ary}} === '''أمتوال''' {{Wt/ary/pron|amətwal|ary}} # سمية عامة ديال نواع ديال الديدان لأسطوانية من ڭنس فيلارييا filaria ==== {{Wt/ary/S|مرادفات}} ==== *[[Wt/ary/دودة|دودة]] == مصادر == *{{Wt/ary/ع:شفيق|ص=56}} [[Category:Wt/ary]] 440h7i67rtykjtq5j0y8zd8x0phtsbt 0 3608824 6685336 2025-06-13T15:29:32Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chura''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvura|zvura]]; [[Wt/sn/machura|machura]]''') # ishiri yechikara inemupesu urefu nemapapiro akatesvuka; inobata zviphara zvayo nokutuhwin kubva kudenga. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/falcon|falcon]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]]" 6685336 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''chura''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zvura|zvura]]; [[Wt/sn/machura|machura]]''') # ishiri yechikara inemupesu urefu nemapapiro akatesvuka; inobata zviphara zvayo nokutuhwin kubva kudenga. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/falcon|falcon]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]] si7et5yfqd1g6e7nkd5fpl3nitmxgge 0 3608825 6685337 2025-06-13T15:30:24Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''godzi''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/makodzi|makodzi]]''') #imwenzira yekuti [[Wt/sn/rukodzi|rukodzi]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/hawk|hawk]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]]" 6685337 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''godzi''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/makodzi|makodzi]]''') #imwenzira yekuti [[Wt/sn/rukodzi|rukodzi]]. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/hawk|hawk]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Shiri]] mjcpz9w0vu25pp9ifhi30tlw976vs9g 0 3608826 6685341 2025-06-13T15:33:08Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''kambashwari''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/dzikambashwari|dzikambashwari]]''') #imhuka inogara mumvura inechigoko chinofuka mwiri wacho, uye maklowo maviri nemakumbo masere. Inokwanisa kudyiwa sechikafu. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/lobster|lobster]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka dzemvu..." 6685341 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Bizo=== '''kambashwari''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/dzikambashwari|dzikambashwari]]''') #imhuka inogara mumvura inechigoko chinofuka mwiri wacho, uye maklowo maviri nemakumbo masere. Inokwanisa kudyiwa sechikafu. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/lobster|lobster]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka dzemvura]] oclbj5la8bh8tjpjwelwl1htd31j0ca 0 3608827 6685344 2025-06-13T15:35:49Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Unenaruvambo=== kubva paChifiji chinoti 'ia'seu' neChiswahiri chinoti 'sehewa'. ===Bizo=== '''seu''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zviseu|zviseu]]''') #ihove ihombe inogara mumabhahari anodziya, uye inokwanisa kudyiwa sechikafu. Nokumwe kutaura inganzi chiseu; sewu. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/tuna|tuna]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] Category..." 6685344 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Unenaruvambo=== kubva paChifiji chinoti 'ia'seu' neChiswahiri chinoti 'sehewa'. ===Bizo=== '''seu''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/zviseu|zviseu]]''') #ihove ihombe inogara mumabhahari anodziya, uye inokwanisa kudyiwa sechikafu. Nokumwe kutaura inganzi chiseu; sewu. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/tuna|tuna]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka dzemvura]] h0ijgu9x09xg2pssuejo17mlo2xssyk 0 3608828 6685348 2025-06-13T15:39:28Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "==Chishona== ===Unenaruvambo=== kubva kuChijapani kunobva mbiri yayo uye kwainodyiwa kakuru pakuti ''katsuo''. ===Bizo=== '''katswo''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/makatswo|makatswo]]''') #ihove inowanikwa kakuru kuJapani; nokumwe kutaura inganzi ''gatswo''. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/bonito fish|bonito fish]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] Category:Wt/sn/Mh..." 6685348 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Chishona== ===Unenaruvambo=== kubva kuChijapani kunobva mbiri yayo uye kwainodyiwa kakuru pakuti ''katsuo''. ===Bizo=== '''katswo''' (''uwandu'' '''[[Wt/sn/makatswo|makatswo]]''') #ihove inowanikwa kakuru kuJapani; nokumwe kutaura inganzi ''gatswo''. ===Uturikiso=== * ''[[Wt/sn/bonito fish|bonito fish]]'' <small>^{([[Wt/sn/Chingezi|NGE]])}</small> [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mashoko eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mabizo eChishona]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka]] [[Category:Wt/sn/Mhuka dzemvura]] eyaphoe17fvqrwagc8cfr9ptueincy2 0 3608829 6685353 2025-06-13T15:45:07Z Masiziva 2578955 Created page with "Zanhi nderemashoko mauru eChijapani ekutanga. Chijapani chinoshandisa zvikeruro zvitatu, Hiragana, Kanji (kubvira kuChichayina, keruro yeChichayina ichiverengwa nokunyorwa nzira yechiJapani), Katakana (chinowanzoshandisirwa mashoko ekumimwe mitauro). Panonyorwa mashoko eChijapani nekeruro yeChiratini sezvinoitwa Chivanhu, zvinonzi Romaji. Mienzaniso ye keruro dze Chijapani: Hiragana: にんげん Kanji: 人間 Romaji: ningen shoko iri rimwechete asi murikuona manyor..." 6685353 wikitext text/x-wiki Zanhi nderemashoko mauru eChijapani ekutanga. Chijapani chinoshandisa zvikeruro zvitatu, Hiragana, Kanji (kubvira kuChichayina, keruro yeChichayina ichiverengwa nokunyorwa nzira yechiJapani), Katakana (chinowanzoshandisirwa mashoko ekumimwe mitauro). Panonyorwa mashoko eChijapani nekeruro yeChiratini sezvinoitwa Chivanhu, zvinonzi Romaji. Mienzaniso ye keruro dze Chijapani: Hiragana: にんげん Kanji: 人間 Romaji: ningen shoko iri rimwechete asi murikuona manyorerwo aro kana mapereterwo aro nemakeruro ayo. Katana: ニンゲン Zviito Vanhu にんげん、人間 – munhu (ningen) じんるい、人類 – mutsa (jinrui) ひと、人 – munhu (hito) おとこ、男 – munhurume (otoko) おとこのひと、男の人 – murume (otokonohito) おとこのこ、男の子 – mukomana (otokonoko) おんな、女 – munhukadzi (onna) おんなのひと、女の人 – mukadzi (onnanohito) おんなのこ、女の子 – musikana (onnanoko) あかちゃん、赤ちゃん – mwana (akachan) わかもの、若者 – huchidki, munhumudiki (wakamono) わたし、私 – ini, inini (watashi) わたくし、私 – ini, inini (watakushi [zvineruremekedzo rukuru]) ぼく、僕 – ini, inini (boku, rinoshandiswa nevanhurume) おれ、俺 – 'ni, 'nini (ore, rinoshandiswa nevanhurume [zvisinaruremekedzo]) あたし、私 – 'ni, 'nini (atashi, rinowanzokushandiwa nevanhukadzi [zvineruporepore ]) しょうじょ、少女 – chisikana, chimhandara (shoujo) しょうねん、少年 – chikomana, chijaya (shounen) Mabasa いしゃ、医者 – chiremba (isha) かんごし、看護師 – mukoti (kangoshi) かんごふ、看護婦 – mukotikadzi, mukoti wechikadzi (kangofu) (tinongoti mukoti pachivanhu) しかい、歯科医、はいしゃ、歯医者 – murapameno (shikai, ha-isha) せいじか、政治家 – sachirao (seijika) べんごし、弁護士 – gweta (bengoshi) しょうぼうし、消防士 – gasamuriro, chigasamuriro (shouboushi) けいさつかん、警察官 – mupurisa (keisatsukan) へいし、兵士 – musoja, chikunda (heishi) けんちくか、建築家 – muvaki (kenchikuka) せんせい、先生 – murairi, mudzidzisi (sensei) きょうし、教師 – (wechikoro) mudzidzisi (kyoushi) かしゅ、歌手 – muyimbi (kashu) エンジニア – mhizha (enjinia) Mwiri あし、足、脚 – rushoka, gumbo (ashi) かかと、踵 – chitsitsinho (kakato) すね、脛 – mupimbiri (sune) ひざ、膝 – ibvi (hiza) もも、腿 – chidya (momo) あたま、頭 – musoro (atama) かお、顔 – uso, chiso (kao) くち、口 – muromo (kuchi) くちびる、唇 – miromo, ndomo (kuchibiru) は、歯 – zino (ha) はな、鼻 – mhuno (hana) め、目 – ziso (me) ひげ、髭、鬚、髯 – moustache, ndebvu (hige) かみ、髪 – bvudzi (kami) みみ、耳 – nzeve (mimi) おなか、御腹 – dumbu (onaka) うで、腕 – muoko, rwoko (ude) ひじ、肘 – gokora (hiji) かた、肩 – bendekete (kata) つめ、爪 – nzwara (tsume) て、手 – chanza (te) てくび、手首 – chiningoningo (tekubi) てのひら、掌、手の平 – chao (te-no-hira) ゆび、指 – chigunwe, dzara (yubi) しり、尻 – matako, magaro (shiri) おなか、お腹 （はら、腹） – dumburira, hutsatumbu (o-naka) かんぞう、肝臓 – chitaka (kanzō) きも、肝 – chiropa (kimo) きんにく、筋肉 – tsandanyama (kin'niku) くび、首 – mutsipa (kubi) こころ、心 – moyo [sezvemanzwiro] (kokoro) こし、腰 – chiuno, hudyu (koshi) しんぞう、心臓 – mhumba (shinzō) せなか、背中 – musana (senaka) ち、血 – ropa, gazi, ngazi (chi) にく、肉 – nyama (niku) はだ、肌、膚 – ganda (hada) ひふ、皮膚 – ganda (hifu) ほね、骨 – pfupa (bone) むね、胸 – chipfuva (mune) かぜ、風邪 – chikosoro [chirwere] (kaze) げり、下痢 – manyoka (geri) びょうき、病気 – chirwere, chihwere (byōki) Mhuri かぞく、家族 – mhuri (kazoku) りょうしん、両親 – vabereki, vazvari (ryoushin) こども、子供 – vana (kodomo) ちち、父 – baba, tate (chichi)("otou-san") はは、母 – amai, mhamha (haha)("okaa-san") つま、妻 – mudzimai, maivemba (tsuma) おっと、夫 – mwamuna, muna (otto) あに、兄 – mukoma (ani) (onī-san) あね、姉 – wakoma (ane) (onē-san) おとうと、弟 – munun'una (nemsikana), munin'ina (nemkomana) (otōto) いもうと、妹 – munun'una (nemkomana), munin'ina (nemsikana) (imōto) きょうだい、兄弟 – hanzvadzi (kyōdai) しまい、姉妹 – hanzvadzisikana, taita (shimai) そふ、祖父 – sekuru (sofu) (ojii-san) そぼ、祖母 – ambuya, gogo (sobo) (obaa-san) まご、孫 – muzukuru (mago) おじ、伯父、叔父 – bambo (zvemazuvaose) (oji) (oji-san) おば、伯母、叔母 – tete, babakadzi, sangadzi (oba) (oba-san) いとこ、従兄弟、従姉妹、従兄、従弟、従姉、従妹 – kazi (itoko) めい、姪 – mwanasikana (wehanzvadzi mwana wako wo) (mei) おい、甥 – mwanakomana (wehanzvadzi mwana wakowo) (oi) Hupenyu いきもの、生き物 – zvipenyu (ikimono) ばけもの、化け物 – chirhumha, chikaramasango (bakemono) Mhuka どうぶつ、動物 – mhuka (dōbutsu) チーター – dindingwe (chītā) いぬ、犬 – imbwa (inu) ねこ、猫 – mangoi (neko) うし、牛 – mombe, n'ombe (ushi) ぶた、豚 – nguruve, hochi (buta) うま、馬 – bhiza (uma) ひつじ、羊 – hwai (hitsuji) さる、猿 – tsoko (saru) ねずみ、鼠 – mbeva, gonzo (nezumi) とら、虎 – ingwe (tora) オオカミ、狼 – bhumi (ōkami) うさぎ、兎 – tsuro (usagi) りゅう、たつ、竜 – joka, rijoka (ryū, tatsu) しか、鹿 – nhondo (shika) かえる、蛙 – datya, dahwa (kaeru) がま、蟇 – chura, dafi (gama) しし、獅子 – shumba (shishi) キリン、麒麟 – twiza, furiramudenga (kirin) ぞう、象 – nzou, zhou (zō) とり、鳥 – shiri (tori) にわとり、鶏 – huku (niwatori) すずめ、雀 – ngozha (suzume) からす、烏 – gunguwo, chikunguobaya/mugohore (karasu) わし、鷲 – chapungu (washi) たか、鷹 – rukodzi/godzi, ruvango (taka) さかな、魚 – hove (sakana) たい、鯛 – ẋakachwa/red snapper fish (tai) えび、海老 – mukamba, kambashwari (ebi) いわし、鰯 – temba (iwashi) まぐろ、鮪 – seu/sewu (Chifiji 'ia seu'/Chiswahili 'sehewa') (maguro) かつお、鰹 – katswo (katsuo) さんま、秋刀魚 – sanima (sanma) あじ、鰺 – chirambezi/horse mackerel (aji) さば、鯖 – vuna/chivuna (Chiswahiri 'una') (saba) イカ、烏賊 – ngishi (Chiswahiri) (ika) タコ、蛸、章魚 – pweza (tako) むし、虫 – chipembenene (mushi) ちょう、蝶 – shaveshave, nharira (chō) ガ、蛾 – chikukuvere (ga) せみ、蝉 – nyezhe (semi) トンボ、蜻蛉 – mukonikoni (tonbo) バッタ、飛蝗 – hwiza, gwata (batta) クモ、蜘蛛 – dzvatsvatsva, nyarutanda (kumo) ホタル、蛍 – chitaitai (hotaru) ハエ、蝿、蠅 – nhunzi (hae) カ、蚊 – humhutu/utunga, unyunyu (ka) ゴキブリ、蜚蠊 – bete (gokiburi) カタツムリ、蝸牛 – hozhwa (katatsumuri) ナメクジ、蛞蝓 – gonokono (Chiswahiri 'konokono') (namekuji) ミミズ、蚯蚓 – honye (mimizu) かい、貝 – kokohove (kai) かいがら、貝殻 – rikoko (kaigara) トカゲ、蜥蜴 – dzvinyu (tokage) へび、蛇 – nyoka (hebi) くま、熊 – bhee (kuma) Madzinde しょくぶつ、植物 - chisimwa (shokubutsu) くさ、草 - huswa (kusa) はな、花 - ruva (hana) み、実 - muchero (mi) き、木 - muti (ki) は、葉 (はっぱ、葉っぱ) - shizha (ha, happa) ね、根 (ねっこ、根っ子) - mudzi (ne, nekko) くき、茎 - dzinde (kuki) きのこ、茸 - hova (kinoko) きく、菊 - svibvochori (kiku) さくら、桜 - zakura (sakura) まつ、松 - mutsingano (matsu) うめ、梅 - yome (ume) Zvirimwa こめ、米 – mupunga (kome) いね、稲 – mupunga wakarimwa (ine) むぎ、麦 – gorosi, bhari/svenye, oti (mugi) やさい、野菜 – muriwo (yasai) くだもの、果物 – muchero (kudamono) いも、芋 – bura, dapiri/mbatatisi, dhumbe (imo) まめ、豆 – nyemba, ndodzi (mame) だいこん、大根 – Japanese white radish (daikon) にんじん、人参 – karoti (ninjin) リンゴ、林檎 – hapuro/nzana (ringo) ミカン、蜜柑 – mandarini (mikan) バナナ、かんしょう、甘蕉 – figu/hobva (banana, kanshō) ナシ、梨 – peya (nashi) クリ、栗 – chestnut tree (kuri) モモ、桃 – pichisi (momo) トマト、ばんか、蕃茄 – buno/domasi (tomato, banka) スイカ、西瓜 – vise/nwiwa (suika) Food [edit] たべもの、食べ物 - food (tabemono) ちょうしょく、朝食 - breakfast (chōshoku, asagohan) ひるごはん、昼御飯 - lunch (hirugohan) ばんごはん、晩御飯 - dinner (bangohan) ごはん、御飯 - cooked rice or meal (gohan) みそ、味噌 - miso (miso) りょうり、料理 - cooking (ryōri) サラダ - salad (sarada) デザート - dessert (dezāto) パン - bread (pan) サンドイッチ - sandwich (sandoitchi) おやつ、間食 - snack (oyatsu, kanshoku) アイスクリーム - ice cream (aisukurīmu) たこやき、たこ焼き - octopus dumpling (takoyaki) Drink [edit] のみもの、飲み物 - drink/beverage (nomimono) ちゃ、茶 - tea (cha) おちゃ、お茶 - green tea (ocha) コーヒー、珈琲 - coffee (kōhī) ぎゅうにゅう、牛乳 - milk (gyūnyū) みず、水 - water (mizu) ビール - beer (bīru) ワイン - wine (wain) Seasoning [edit] さとう、砂糖 - sugar (satō) しお、塩 - salt (shio) しょうゆ、醤油 - soy sauce (shōyu) Time [edit] じかん、時間 – time (jikan) とき、じ、時 – ~hours (toki, ji) こよみ、カレンダー、暦 – calendar (koyomi, karendā) ふん、分 – minute (fun) びょう、秒 – second (byō) ひ、にち、日 – day (hi, nichi) つき、がつ、月 – month (tsuki, gatsu) (# -gatsu / (January,1st Month): Ichi-,Ni-,San-,Shi-,Go-,Roku-,Shichi-,Hachi-,Ku-,Jyu-,JyuIchi-,JyuNi- (December,12th Month) とし、ねん、年 – year (toshi, nen) (Last year: kyonen, this year: kotoshi, next year: rainen) きのう、さくじつ、昨日 – yesterday (kinō, sakujitsu) きょう、今日 – today (kyō) あした、あす、みょうにち、明日 – tomorrow (ashita, asu, myōnichi) あさ、朝 – morning (asa) (Yesterday morning: kinou no asa, this morning: kesa, tomorrow morning: ashita no asa) ひる、昼 – afternoon (hiru) ゆうがた、夕方 – evening (yūgata) ばん、晩 – evening (ban) よる、夜 – evening, night (yoru) ようび、曜日 – ~day (yōbi) しゅう、週 – week (shū) (Last week: senshū, this week: konshū, next week: raishū) いっしゅうかん、一週間 – one week (isshūkan) Week Days [edit] にちようび、日曜日 – Sunday (nichi-yōbi) げつようび、月曜日 – Monday (getsu-yōbi) かようび、火曜日 – Tuesday (ka-yōbi) すいようび、水曜日 – Wednesday (sui-yōbi) もくようび、木曜日 – Thursday (moku-yōbi) きんようび、金曜日 – Friday (kin-yōbi) どようび、土曜日 – Saturday (do-yōbi) Weather [edit] たいよう、太陽 – sun (taiyō) つき、月 – moon (tsuki) ほし、星 – star (hoshi) てんき、天気 – weather (tenki) はれ、晴れ – clear weather (hare) あめ、雨 – rain (ame) くもり、曇り – cloudy (kumori) ゆき、雪 – snow (yuki) かぜ、風 – wind (kaze) かみなり、雷 – thunder, lightning (kaminari) たいふう、台風 – typhoon (taifū) あらし、嵐 – storm (arashi) そら、空 – sky (sora) Directions and positions [edit] きた、北 – north (kita) ひがし、東 – east (higashi) みなみ、南 – south (minami) にし、西 – west (nishi) ここ – here (koko) そこ – there (soko) あそこ – over there (asoko) みぎ、右 – right (migi) ひだり、左 – left (hidari) うえ、上 – above, up (ue) した、下 – below, down (shita) まえ、前 – front (mae) うしろ、後 – behind (ushiro) むこう、向こう – the other side, opposite side (mukō) ななめ、斜め – diagonal (naname) てまえ、手前 – nearer, more in front (temae) とおい、遠い – far (tooi) ちかい、近い – near, close (chikai) Materials [edit] みず、水 – water (mizu) ゆ、湯 – hot water (yu) こおり、氷 – ice (kōri) ゆげ、湯気 – steam (yuge) ひ、火 – fire (hi) ガス – gas (gasu) くうき、空気 – air, atmosphere (kūki) つち、土 – earth, ground (tsuchi) きんぞく、金属 – metal, metallic (kinzoku) どろ、泥 – mud, mire, clay, plaster (doro) けむり、煙 – smoke, tobacco, opium (kemuri) てつ、鉄 – iron [Fe] (tetsu) どう、銅 – copper [Cu] (dō) きん、金 – gold [Au]; money (kin) ぎん、銀 – silver [Ag]; wealth (gin) なまり、鉛 – lead [Pb] (namari) しお、塩 – salt [NaCl] (shio) Weights and measures [edit] メートル – meter (mētoru) リットル – litre (rittoru) グラム – gram (guramu) キロ – kilo- (kiro) ミリ – milli- (miri) センチメートル、センチ – centimeter (senchi) インチ – inch (inchi) Society [edit] しゃかい、社会 – society (shakai) けいざい、経済 – economy, economics (keizai) かいしゃ、会社 – company (kaisha) かいぎ、会議 – meeting (kaigi) がっこう、学校 – school (gakkō) やくしょ、役所 – local government office (yakusho) みせ、店 – store (mise) ホテル – hotel (hoteru) こうじょう、工場 – factory (kōjō) かね、金 – money (kane, most commonly o-kane) さつ、札 – bill [of money, e.g., a thousand-yen bill] (satsu) こぜに、小銭 – small change (kozeni) つりせん、釣り銭、おつり、お釣り – change (tsurisen), change (o-tsuri) じどうはんばいき、自動販売機 – vending machine, slot machine (jidōhanbaiki) きっぷ、切符 – ticket (public transport, fine) (kippu) きって、切手 – stamp (kitte) Human made objects [edit] Home [edit] つくえ、机 – desk (tsukue) いす、椅子 – chair, position (isu) たたみ、畳 – a tatami mat (tatami) と、戸 – door, family (to) とびら、扉 – door panel (tobira) ドア – door (doa) まど、窓 – window (mado) ふとん、布団 – futon (futon) げんかん、玄関 – entrance (genkan) いえ、家 – house, home (ie) エレベーター – elevator (erebētā) エスカレーター – escalator (esukarētā) でんき、電気 – electricity (denki) Tools [edit] くぎ、釘 – nail, spike (kugi) ひも、紐 – string, cord (himo) なわ、縄 – rope, string (nawa) ふくろ、袋 – pocket, bag (fukuro) かばん、鞄 – leather bag (kaban) かさ、傘 – umbrella, parasol (kasa) かぎ、鍵 – door bolt, key (kagi) ちょうこく、彫刻 – sculpture, engraving (chōkoku) Stationery [edit] ぶんぼうぐ、文房具 – stationery ​(bunbōgu) インク – ink (inku) ペン – pen (pen) ボールペン – ball-point pen (bōrupen) まんねんひつ、万年筆 – fountain pen (mannenhitsu) えんぴつ、鉛筆 – pencil (enpitsu) ふで、筆 – brush for writing or painting (fude) チョーク – chalk (chōku) けしゴム、消しゴム – eraser (keshigomu) えんぴつけずり、鉛筆削り – pencil sharpener (enpitsu-kezuri) じょうぎ、定規 – ruler (jōgi) ノート – notebook (nōto) にっき、日記 – diary (nikki) カバー – book cover (kabā) ふうとう、封筒 – envelope (fūtō) はさみ、鋏 – scissors (hasami) ホッチキス – stapler (hotchikisu) Clothes [edit] ふく、服 – clothes (fuku) ようふく、洋服 – western clothing (yōfuku) きもの、着物 – kimono (kimono) わふく、和服 – Japanese clothing (wafuku) そで、袖 – sleeve (sode) えり、襟 – lapel, collar (eri) ボタン – button (botan) チャック、ファスナー、ジッパー – zipper, zipper fastener (chakku, fasunā, jippā) ベルト – belt (beruto) くつ、靴 – shoe (kutsu) くつした、靴下 – sock (kutsushita) めがね、眼鏡 – glasses (megane) Transport [edit] てつどう、鉄道 – railway (tetsudō) えき、駅 – station (eki) ひこうき、飛行機 – airplane (hikōki) くうこう、空港 （ひこうじょう、飛行場） – airport (kūkō, hikōjō) みち、道 – street, way, road (michi) どうろ、道路 – road (dōro) バスてい、バス停 – bus-stop (basutei) とおり、通り – avenue (tōri) でんしゃ、電車 – train (densha) くるま、車 (じどうしゃ、自動車) – car (kuruma, jidōsha) じてんしゃ、自転車 –　bicycle (Jitensha) Language [edit] もじ、文字 – letter, character, script (moji) じ、字 – a letter, character (ji) かんじ、漢字 – Chinese character (kanji) ひらがな、平仮名 – hiragana syllabary characters (hiragana) カタカナ、片仮名 – katakana syllabary characters (katakana) すうじ、数字 – numbers (sūji) アルファベット – alphabet (arufabetto) ローマ字 – Roman characters, Latin script (rōmaji) がいこくご、外国語 – foreign language (gaikokugo) にほんご、日本語 （こくご、国語） – Japanese [language] (nihongo) えいご、英語 – English [language] (eigo) ちゅうごくご、中国語 – Chinese [language] (chūgokugo) どいつご、ドイツ語 – German [language] (doitsugo) すぺいんご、スペイン語 – Spanish [language] (supeingo) ふらんすご、フランス語 – French [language] (furansugo) ちょうせんご、朝鮮語、かんこくご、韓国語 – Korean [language], South Korean [language] (chōsengo, kankokugo) Media [edit] ほん、本 – book (hon) かみ、紙 – paper (kami) てがみ、手紙 – letter (tegami) しんぶん、新聞 – newspaper (shinbun) じしょ、辞書 – dictionary (jisho) パソコン – personal computer (pasokon) Colors [edit] いろ、色 – color (iro, shikisai) あか、赤 – red (aka) きいろ、黄色 – yellow (kiiro) みどり、緑 – green (midori) あお、青 – blue (ao) むらさき、紫 – purple (murasaki, murasakiiro) しろ、白 – white (shiro) くろ、黒 – black (kuro) ピンク – pink (pinku) ちゃいろ、茶色 – brown (chairo) はいいろ、灰色、ねずみいろ、鼠色 – grey (haiiro, nezumiiro) オレンジ – orange (orenji) Others [edit] え、絵 – picture (e) おんがく、音楽 – music (ongaku) りか、理科 – science (rika) さんすう、算数 – arithmetic (sansū) れきし、歴史 – history (rekishi) ちり、地理 – geography (chiri) たいいく、体育 – physical education (taiiku) スポーツ – sport (supōtsu) システム – system (shisutemu) じょうほう、情報 – information, news (jōhō) ひつよう、必要 – necessity (hitsuyō) べんきょう、勉強 – study (benkyō) いらい、依頼 – request (irai) Numbers [edit] れい、ゼロ、零 – zero (rei, zero) いち、一 – one (ichi) に、二 – two (ni) さん、三 – three (san) よん、し、四 – four (yon, shi) ご、五 – five (go) ろく、六 – six (roku) なな、しち、七 – seven (nana, shichi) はち、八 – eight (hachi) きゅう、く、九 – nine (kyū, ku) じゅう、十 – ten (jū) ひゃく、百 – hundred (hyaku) せん、千 – thousand (sen) まん、万 – ten thousand (man) おく、億 – one hundred million (oku) ひとつ、一つ – one, one thing (hitotsu) ふたつ、二つ – two, two things (futatsu) みっつ、三つ – three, three things (mittsu) よっつ、四つ – four, four things (yottsu) いつつ、五つ – five, five things (itsutsu) むっつ、六つ – six, six things (muttsu) ななつ、七つ – seven, seven things (nanatsu) やっつ、八つ – eight, eight things (yattsu) ここのつ、九つ – nine, nine things (kokonotsu) とお、十 – ten, ten things (tō) Abstract nouns [edit] これ – this, it (kore) それ – that (sore) あれ – that over there (are) どれ – which (dore) こちら、こっち – this direction, thing, person, or place (kochira, kocchi) そちら、そっち – that direction, thing, person, or place (sochira, socchi) あちら、あっち – that direction, thing, person, or place over there (achira, acchi) どちら、どっち – which direction, thing, person, or place (dochira, docchi) ひみつ、秘密 – secret (himitsu) じどう、自動 – automatic (jidō) ないよう、内容 – content (naiyō) はば、幅 – width, breadth, free room, difference (between two substances) (haba) せいしき、正式 – formality (seishiki) けっこん、結婚 – marriage (kekkon) げんざい、現在 – now (genzai) いま、今 – now (ima) かこ、過去 – past (kako) みらい、未来 – future (mirai) Adjectives [edit] Forms [edit] いい、よい、良い – good (ii, yoi) すごい、凄い – amazing (sugoi) すばらしい、素晴らしい – wonderful (subarashii) わるい、悪い – bad, inferior (warui) たかい、高い – expensive, high (takai) ひくい、低い – low (hikui) やすい、安い – cheap (yasui) おおきい、大きい – big (ōkii) ちいさい、小さい – small (chiisai) ほそい、細い – thin (hosoi) ふとい、太い – thick (futoi) ふるい、古い – old (furui) あたらしい、新しい – new (atarashii) わかい、若い – young (wakai) かるい、軽い – light, easy (karui) おもい、重い – heavy (omoi) やさしい、易しい – easy, simple (yasashii) むずかしい、難しい – difficult (muzukashii) やわらかい、柔らかい – soft (yawarakai) かたい、硬い、堅い – hard (katai) あつい、熱い、暑い – hot (atsui) つめたい、冷たい – cold (tsumetai) さむい、寒い – cold (samui) as in cold weather おいしい、美味しい – delicious (oishii) うまい、美味い、旨い – delicious, appetizing (umai) まずい、不味い – tastes awful (mazui) あまい、甘い – sweet (amai) からい、辛い – hot [spicy] (karai) しょっぱい、塩っぱい – salty (shoppai) にがい、苦い – bitter (nigai) うつくしい、美しい – beautiful (utsukushii) Feelings [edit] うれしい、嬉しい – happy (ureshii) たのしい、楽しい – fun (tanoshii) かなしい、悲しい – sad (kanashii) さびしい、寂しい、淋しい – lonely (sabishii) さみしい、寂しい、淋しい - sad, lonely (samishii) こわい、怖い、恐い – scary (kowai) いたい、痛い – painful (itai) かゆい、痒い – itchy (kayui) くさい、臭い – stinky (kusai) つらい、辛い – painful, heart-breaking (tsurai) Verbs [edit] する – to do (suru) やる – to do (yaru) Existence [edit] いる – to exist [for animate objects] (iru) ある – to exist [for inanimate objects] (aru) なる – to become (naru) おこる、起こる、興る – to occur (okoru) あらわれる、現れる – to appear (arawareru) いきる、生きる – to live (ikiru) うむ、生む、産む – to give birth (umu) しぬ、死ぬ – to die (shinu) こわれる、壊れる – to breakin (kowareru) in intransitive sense Movement [edit] いく、行く – to go (iku) くる、来る – to come (kuru) かえる、帰る、返る – to return (kaeru) あるく、歩く – to walk (aruku) とぶ、飛ぶ – to jump, to fly (tobu) およぐ、泳ぐ – to swim (oyogu) Actions [edit] うごく、動く – to movein (ugoku) おどる、踊る – to dance (odoru) ねる、寝る – to sleep (neru) うたう、歌う – to sing (utau) かむ、噛む – to bite (kamu) たべる、食べる – to eat (taberu) のむ、飲む – to drink (nomu) さわる、触る – to touch (sawaru) なげる、投げる – to throw (nageru) もつ、持つ – to hold (motsu) うつ、打つ – to hit, to strike (utsu) なぐる、殴る – to hit, to strike (naguru) さす、指す – to point (sasu) さす、刺す – to stab (sasu) さす、差す – to raise or extend one's hands (sasu) ける、蹴る – to kick (keru) すわる、座る – to sit (suwaru) たつ、立つ – to stand (tatsu) はしる、走る – to run (hashiru) Changes of state [edit] あく、空く – to become unoccupied (aku) こむ、込む – to be crowded (komu) いる、要る – to need (iru) かわく、乾く – to become dry (kawaku) みだす、乱す - to disturb, to disarrange (midasu) みだれる、乱れる - to be disturbed, to become confused (midareru) つかえる、仕える - to serve, to work for (tsukaeru) そなわる、備わる - to be furnished with (sonawaru) すぐれる、優れる - to excel, to surpass (sugureru) ひえる、冷える - to grow cold, to get chilly, to cool down (hieru) さめる、覚める - to wake, to become sober, to be disillusioned (sameru) さめる、冷める - to cool down (sameru) むく、向く - to face, to turn toward (muku) たおれる、倒れる - to fall, to collapse (taoreru) かたまる、固まる - to harden, to solidify, to become firm (katamaru) うまる、埋まる - to be filled, to be surrounded, to overflow (umaru) うもれる、埋もれる - to be buried, to be covered (umoreru) ます、増す - to increase, to grow (masu) ふえる、増える - to increase, to multiply (fueru) へる、減る - to decrease (heru) はずれる、外れる - to deviate (hazureru) ふとる、太る - to grow fat (futoru) はじまる、始まる - to begin (hajimaru) おわる、終わる - to finish, to close (owaru) きめる、決める - to decide (kimeru) Senses [edit] みる、見る – to see (miru) きく、聞く、聴く – to hear, to listen (kiku) さわる、触る – to touch, to feel (sawaru) かぐ、嗅ぐ – to smell (kagu) Speech [edit] いう、言う – to say (iu) はなす、話す – to speak (hanasu) かたる、語る – to tell (kataru) かく、書く – to write (kaku) よむ、読む – to read (yomu) Work [edit] つかう、使う – to use (tsukau) つくる、作る、造る、創る – to make (tsukuru) なおす、直す、治す – to fix, repair (naosu) すてる、捨てる – to discard, throw away (suteru) とる、取る、撮る、採る – to take (toru) おく、置く – to put (oku) Emotions [edit] かなしむ、悲しむ、哀しむ – to be sad (kanashimu) なく、泣く – to cry (naku) わらう、笑う – to laugh (warau) おこる、怒る – to be angry (okoru) ほめる、褒める – to encourage (homeru) しかる、叱る – to scold (shikaru) よろこぶ、喜ぶ – to celebrate, to be jubilant, to have joy, to have delight, to have rapture (yorokobu) よろこび、喜び – joy, delight, rapture (yorokobi) なぐさめる、慰める – to console, to consolate, to provide empathy (nagusameru) あきる、飽きる – to be disinterested, to be bored, to be tired of, to be weary (akiru) おどろく、驚く – to be astonished, to be surprised, to be scared (odoroku) Activities [edit] あう、会う – to meet, to interview (au) あける、開ける – to opentr, to unwraptr (akeru) あそぶ、遊ぶ – to play (asobu) あつまる、集まる – to gatherin (atsumaru) うる、売る – to sell (uru) える、得る – to obtain [some benefit or knowledge] (eru) おる、折る – to breaktr, to foldtr (oru) かう、買う – to buy (kau) きる、切る – to cut (kiru)† きる、着る – to wear [on the upper body] (kiru) はく、履く – to wear [on the lower body] (haku) かえる、変える – to changetr (kaeru) かえる、代える – to exchange, to substitute, to replace (kaeru) しめる、閉める – to closetr (shimeru) しめる、締める – to tie, to fasten (shimeru) しめる、占める – to comprise, to account for (shimeru) しる、知る – to know (shiru)† つかれる、疲れる – to get tired (tsukareru) でかける、出掛ける – to go out, to depart (dekakeru) はたらく、働く – to work [e.g., at a job] (hataraku) はなす、放す、離す – to let go of (hanasu) やすむ、休む – to rest, to take a break, to go to bed (yasumu) わかれる、分かれる – to split intoin, to be divided (wakareru) わかれる、別れる – to partin, to separatein, to break upin (wakareru) tr transitive sense in intransitive sense † conjugates as a u-verb Adverbs [edit] もう – already (mō) まだ – still, yet (mada) ずっと – always (zutto) とても – very (totemo) こう – like this (kō) そう – like that (sō) ああ – in that other way (ā) どう – how (dō) しばしば – often (shibashiba) Pre-noun adjectival [edit] この – this (kono) その – that (sono) あの – that (ano) どの – which (dono) Interjections [edit] はい – yes (hai) いいえ – no (iie) Conjunctions [edit] でも - but (demo) しかし – but, however (shikashi) そして – and then, Then… (soshite) それに – besides (soreni) なぜなら – that is because, being because (nazenara) Terminations of verbs [edit] う、よう – volitional ending [う for u-verbs, よう for ru-verbs]: "Let's…" or "I will" (u, yō) せる、させる – causative ending [せる for u-verbs, させる for ru-verbs]: to make [someone do something], to allow (seru, saseru) れる、られる – passive verb ending [れる for u-verbs, られる for ru-verbs]: to be <verbed> [e.g., 食べられる, "to be eaten"] (reru, rareru) そうだ – indicates that it seems the verb occurs [e.g., "It seems he ate"] (sōda) た – informal past-tense (ta) たい – indicates desire to perform verb (tai) だろう – indicates that it seems the verb occurs; also used to ask whether the verb occurs (darō) ない、ん – informal negative (nai, n) [ん is a slurred version and sounds a little masculine] ぬ – archaic informal negative ["he hath", "thou didst", etc.] (nu) ます – formal non-past ending (masu) Particles [edit] Case [edit] が – subject marker, but (ga) で – at, by (de) と – and, with (to) に – indirect object marker (ni) の – possession marker, of (no) へ – to (e) [Note: へ is normally read he, but when used as this particle its reading changes to e] まで – to (made) から – from (kara) より – than (yori) を – direct object marker (o) Conjunctive [edit] および、及び – and; as well as (oyobi) か – whether (ka) かも – might be, possible that (kamo) そして – and then (soshite) それとも – or (soretomo) だの – things like <list of things>, including, such things as (dano) つつ – ongoing occurrence (tsutsu) [similar to ながら but has different tone, and both actions have equal weight] て – te form of verb or adjective [see explanation] と – when, if, that (to) ながら – while, though, both (nagara) ならびに – as well as (narabini) なり – whether or not (nari) に – to <somewhere>, by <someone> (ni) の – possession (no) ので – so (node) また、又 – also, again (mata) または、又は – or alternatively (matawa) も – also, too (mo) や – and (ya) Final [edit] ね – emphasis and question marker, equivalent to "right?" (ne) か – question marker (ka) な – the copula particle used after quasi-adjectives (na) かしら – I wonder (kashira) さ – -ness (sa) っけ – particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information ["What class is next -kke?"] (-kke) Adverbial [edit] こそ – emphasis (koso) さえ – even (sae) しか – only (shika) すら – even (sura) くらい、ぐらい – approximately, about (kurai) だけ – only, as much as (dake) だって – however (datte) ったら – casual topic marker (ttara) [colloquial form of to ittara (if you refer to ~; as for ~) って – said that (tte) でも – also, or (demo) どころ – (particle used to indicate that what precedes it is an extreme example and strongly negates it) (dokoro) など – for example (nado) なら – if [for verbs]; subject marker [for nouns] (nara) なんか – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (nanka) なんて – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (nante) は – topic marker (wa) [although ha is the hiragana used, wa is the pronunciation) ばかり、ばっかり – just, full of, only (bakari) まで – until (made) も – too, also (mo) [[Category:Wt/sn]] 2ycmh85uwaq64qm84rfmmwnu7b2yjgt 6685355 6685353 2025-06-13T15:45:41Z Masiziva 2578955 6685355 wikitext text/x-wiki Zanhi nderemashoko mauru eChijapani ekutanga. Chijapani chinoshandisa zvikeruro zvitatu, Hiragana, Kanji (kubvira kuChichayina, keruro yeChichayina ichiverengwa nokunyorwa nzira yechiJapani), Katakana (chinowanzoshandisirwa mashoko ekumimwe mitauro). Panonyorwa mashoko eChijapani nekeruro yeChiratini sezvinoitwa Chivanhu, zvinonzi Romaji. Mienzaniso ye keruro dze Chijapani: * Hiragana: にんげん * Kanji: 人間 * Romaji: ''ningen'' shoko iri rimwechete asi murikuona manyorerwo aro kana mapereterwo aro nemakeruro ayo. * Katana: ニンゲン == Zviito == === Vanhu === * にんげん、人間 – [[Wt/sn/munhu|munhu]] (''ningen'') * じんるい、人類 – [[Wt/sn/mutsa|mutsa]] (''jinrui'') * ひと、人 – munhu (''hito'') * おとこ、男 – [[Wt/sn/munhurume|munhurume]] (''otoko'') * おとこのひと、男の人 – [[Wt/sn/murume|murume]] (''otokonohito'') * おとこのこ、男の子 – mukomana (''otokonoko'') * おんな、女 – munhukadzi (''onna'') * おんなのひと、女の人 – mukadzi (''onnanohito'') * おんなのこ、女の子 – musikana (''onnanoko'') * あかちゃん、赤ちゃん – mwana (''akachan'') * わかもの、若者 – [[Wt/sn/huchidiki|huchidki]], munhumudiki (''wakamono'') * わたし、私 – [[Wt/sn/ini|ini]], [[Wt/sn/inini|inini]] (''watashi'') * わたくし、私 – ini, inini (''watakushi'' [zvineruremekedzo rukuru]) ** ぼく、僕 – ini, inini (''boku'', rinoshandiswa nevanhurume) * おれ、俺 – [[Wt/sn/'ni|'ni]], [[Wt/sn/'nini|'nini]] (''ore'', rinoshandiswa nevanhurume [zvisinaruremekedzo]) * あたし、私 – 'ni, 'nini (''atashi'', rinowanzokushandiwa nevanhukadzi [zvineruporepore ]) * しょうじょ、少女 – [[Wt/sn/chisikana|chisikana]], [[Wt/sn/chimhandara|chimhandara]] (''shoujo'') * しょうねん、少年 – [[Wt/sn/chikomana|chikomana]], [[Wt/sn/chijaya|chijaya]] (''shounen'') ==== Mabasa ==== * いしゃ、医者 – [[Wt/sn/chiremba|chiremba]] (''isha'') * かんごし、看護師 – [[Wt/sn/mukoti|mukoti]] (''kangoshi'') * かんごふ、看護婦 – mukotikadzi, mukoti wechikadzi (''kangofu'') (tinongoti ''mukoti'' pachivanhu) * しかい、歯科医、はいしゃ、歯医者 – [[Wt/sn/murapameno|murapameno]] (''shikai, ha-isha'') * せいじか、政治家 – [[Wt/sn/sachirao|sachirao]] (''seijika'') * べんごし、弁護士 – [[Wt/sn/gweta|gweta]] (''bengoshi'') * しょうぼうし、消防士 – [[Wt/sn/gasamuriro|gasamuriro]], [[Wt/sn/chigasamuriro|chigasamuriro]] (''shouboushi'') * けいさつかん、警察官 – [[Wt/sn/mupurisa|mupurisa]] (''keisatsukan'') * へいし、兵士 – [[Wt/sn/musoja|musoja]], [[Wt/sn/chikunda|chikunda]] (''heishi'') * けんちくか、建築家 – [[Wt/sn/muvaki|muvaki]] (''kenchikuka'') * せんせい、先生 – [[Wt/sn/murairi|murairi]], mudzidzisi (''sensei'') * きょうし、教師 – (wechikoro) [[Wt/sn/mudzidzisi|mudzidzisi]] (''kyoushi'') * かしゅ、歌手 – [[Wt/sn/muyimbi|muyimbi]] (''kashu'') * エンジニア – [[Wt/sn/mhizha|mhizha]] (''enjinia'') ==== Mwiri ==== * あし、足、脚 – [[Wt/sn/rushoka|rushoka]], [[Wt/sn/gumbo|gumbo]] (''ashi'') * かかと、踵 – [[Wt/sn/chitsitsinho|chitsitsinho]] (''kakato'') * すね、脛 – [[Wt/sn/mupimbiri|mupimbiri]] (''sune'') * ひざ、膝 – [[Wt/sn/ibvi|ibvi]] (''hiza'') * もも、腿 – [[Wt/sn/chidya|chidya]] (''momo'') * あたま、頭 – [[Wt/sn/musoro|musoro]] (''atama'') * かお、顔 – [[Wt/sn/uso|uso]], [[Wt/sn/chiso|chiso]] (''kao'') * くち、口 – [[Wt/sn/muromo|muromo]] (''kuchi'') * くちびる、唇 – [[Wt/sn/miromo|miromo]], [[Wt/sn/ndomo|ndomo]] (''kuchibiru'') * は、歯 – [[Wt/sn/zino|zino]] (''ha'') * はな、鼻 – [[Wt/sn/mhuno|mhuno]] (''hana'') * め、目 – [[Wt/sn/ziso|ziso]] (''me'') * ひげ、髭、鬚、髯 – moustache, [[Wt/sn/ndebvu|ndebvu]] (''hige'') * かみ、髪 – [[Wt/sn/bvudzi|bvudzi]] (''kami'') * みみ、耳 – [[Wt/sn/nzeve|nzeve]] (''mimi'') * おなか、御腹 – [[Wt/sn/dumbu|dumbu]] (''onaka'') * うで、腕 – [[Wt/sn/muoko|muoko]], [[Wt/sn/rwoko|rwoko]] (''ude'') * ひじ、肘 – [[Wt/sn/gokora|gokora]] (''hiji'') * かた、肩 – [[Wt/sn/bendekete|bendekete]] (''kata'') * つめ、爪 – [[Wt/sn/nzwara|nzwara]] (''tsume'') * て、手 – [[Wt/sn/chanza|chanza]] (''te'') * てくび、手首 – [[Wt/sn/chiningoningo|chiningoningo]] (''tekubi'') * てのひら、掌、手の平 – [[Wt/sn/chao|chao]] (''te-no-hira'') * ゆび、指 – [[Wt/sn/chigunwe|chigunwe]], [[Wt/sn/dzara|dzara]] (''yubi'') * しり、尻 – [[Wt/sn/matako|matako]], [[Wt/sn/magaro|magaro]] (''shiri'') * おなか、お腹 （はら、腹） – [[Wt/sn/dumburira|dumburira]], [[Wt/sn/hutsatumbu|hutsatumbu]] (''o-naka'') * かんぞう、肝臓 – [[Wt/sn/chitaka|chitaka]] (''kanzō'') * きも、肝 – [[Wt/sn/chiropa|chiropa]] (''kimo'') * きんにく、筋肉 – [[Wt/sn/tsandanyama|tsandanyama]] (''kin'niku'') * くび、首 – [[Wt/sn/mutsipa|mutsipa]] (''kubi'') * こころ、心 – [[Wt/sn/moyo|moyo]] [sezvemanzwiro] (''kokoro'') * こし、腰 – [[Wt/sn/chiuno|chiuno]], [[Wt/sn/hudyu|hudyu]] (''koshi'') * しんぞう、心臓 – [[Wt/sn/mhumba|mhumba]] (''shinzō'') * せなか、背中 – [[Wt/sn/musana|musana]] (''senaka'') * ち、血 – [[Wt/sn/ropa|ropa]], [[Wt/sn/gazi|gazi]], [[Wt/sn/ngazi|ngazi]] (''chi'') * にく、肉 – [[Wt/sn/nyama|nyama]] (''niku'') * はだ、肌、膚 – [[Wt/sn/ganda|ganda]] (''hada'') * ひふ、皮膚 – ganda (''hifu'') * ほね、骨 – [[Wt/sn/pfupa|pfupa]] (''bone'') * むね、胸 – [[Wt/sn/chipfuva|chipfuva]] (''mune'') * かぜ、風邪 – [[Wt/sn/chikosoro|chikosoro]] [chirwere] (''kaze'') * げり、下痢 – [[Wt/sn/manyoka|manyoka]] (''geri'') * びょうき、病気 – [[Wt/sn/chirwere|chirwere]], [[Wt/sn/chihwere|chihwere]] (''byōki'') === Mhuri === * かぞく、家族 – [[Wt/sn/mhuri|mhuri]] (''kazoku'') * りょうしん、両親 – [[Wt/sn/vabereki|vabereki]], [[Wt/sn/vazvari|vazvari]] (''ryoushin'') * こども、子供 – [[Wt/sn/vana|vana]] (''kodomo'') * ちち、父 – [[Wt/sn/baba|baba]], [[Wt/sn/tate|tate]] (''chichi'')("otou-san") * はは、母 – [[Wt/sn/amai|amai]], [[Wt/sn/mhamha|mhamha]] (''haha'')("okaa-san") * つま、妻 – [[Wt/sn/mudzimai|mudzimai]], [[Wt/sn/maivemba|maivemba]] (''tsuma'') * おっと、夫 – [[Wt/sn/mwamuna|mwamuna]], [[Wt/sn/muna|muna]] (''otto'') * あに、兄 – [[Wt/sn/mukoma|mukoma]] (''ani'') (''onī-san'') * あね、姉 – [[Wt/sn/wakoma|wakoma]] (''ane'') (''onē-san'') * おとうと、弟 – [[Wt/sn/munun'una|munun'una]] (nemsikana), [[Wt/sn/munin'ina|munin'ina]] (nemkomana) (''otōto'') * いもうと、妹 – [[Wt/sn/munun'una|munun'una]] (nemkomana), [[Wt/sn/munin'ina|munin'ina]] (nemsikana) (''imōto'') * きょうだい、兄弟 – [[Wt/sn/hanzvadzi|hanzvadzi]] (''kyōdai'') * しまい、姉妹 – [[Wt/sn/hanzvadzisikana|hanzvadzisikana]], [[Wt/sn/taita|taita]] (''shimai'') * そふ、祖父 – [[Wt/sn/sekuru|sekuru]] (''sofu'') (''ojii-san'') * そぼ、祖母 – [[Wt/sn/ambuya|ambuya]], [[Wt/sn/gogo|gogo]] (''sobo'') (''obaa-san'') * まご、孫 – [[Wt/sn/muzukuru|muzukuru]] (''mago'') * おじ、伯父、叔父 – [[Wt/sn/bambo|bambo]] (zvemazuvaose) (''oji'') (''oji-san'') * おば、伯母、叔母 – [[Wt/sn/tete|tete]], [[Wt/sn/babakadzi|babakadzi]], [[Wt/sn/sangadzi|sangadzi]] (''oba'') (''oba-san'') * いとこ、従兄弟、従姉妹、従兄、従弟、従姉、従妹 – [[Wt/sn/kazi|kazi]] (''itoko'') * めい、姪 – [[Wt/sn/mwanasikana|mwanasikana]] (wehanzvadzi mwana wako wo) (''mei'') * おい、甥 – [[Wt/sn/mwanakomana|mwanakomana]] (wehanzvadzi mwana wakowo) (''oi'') === Hupenyu === * いきもの、生き物 – [[Wt/sn/zvipenyu|zvipenyu]] (''ikimono'') * ばけもの、化け物 – [[Wt/sn/chirhumha|chirhumha]], [[Wt/sn/chikaramasango|chikaramasango]] (''bakemono'') ==== Mhuka ==== * どうぶつ、動物 – [[Wt/sn/mhuka|mhuka]] (''dōbutsu'') * チーター – [[Wt/sn/dindingwe|dindingwe]] (''chītā'') * いぬ、犬 – [[Wt/sn/imbwa|imbwa]] (''inu'') * ねこ、猫 – [[Wt/sn/mangoi|mangoi]] (''neko'') * うし、牛 – [[Wt/sn/mombe|mombe]], [[Wt/sn/n'ombe|n'ombe]] (''ushi'') * ぶた、豚 – [[Wt/sn/nguruve|nguruve]], [[Wt/sn/hochi|hochi]] (''buta'') * うま、馬 – [[Wt/sn/bhiza|bhiza]] (''uma'') * ひつじ、羊 – [[Wt/sn/hwai|hwai]] (''hitsuji'') * さる、猿 – [[Wt/sn/tsoko|tsoko]] (''saru'') * ねずみ、鼠 – [[Wt/sn/mbeva|mbeva]], [[Wt/sn/gonzo|gonzo]] (''nezumi'') * とら、虎 – [[Wt/sn/ingwe|ingwe]] (''tora'') * オオカミ、狼 – [[Wt/sn/bhumi|bhumi]] (''ōkami'') * うさぎ、兎 – [[Wt/sn/tsuro|tsuro]] (''usagi'') * りゅう、たつ、竜 – [[Wt/sn/joka|joka]], [[Wt/sn/rijoka|rijoka]] (''ryū'', ''tatsu'') * しか、鹿 – [[Wt/sn/nhondo|nhondo]] (''shika'') * かえる、蛙 – [[Wt/sn/datya|datya]], [[Wt/sn/dahwa|dahwa]] (''kaeru'') * がま、蟇 – [[Wt/sn/chura|chura]], [[Wt/sn/dafi|dafi]] (''gama'') * しし、獅子 – [[Wt/sn/shumba|shumba]] (''shishi'') * キリン、麒麟 – [[Wt/sn/twiza|twiza]], [[Wt/sn/furiramudenga|furiramudenga]] (''kirin'') * ぞう、象 – [[Wt/sn/nzou|nzou]], [[Wt/sn/zhou|zhou]] (''zō'') * とり、鳥 – [[Wt/sn/shiri|shiri]] (''tori'') * にわとり、鶏 – [[Wt/sn/huku|huku]] (''niwatori'') * すずめ、雀 – [[Wt/sn/ngozha|ngozha]] (''suzume'') * からす、烏 – [[Wt/sn/gunguwo|gunguwo]], [[Wt/sn/chikunguobaya|chikunguobaya]]/[[Wt/sn/mugohore|mugohore]] (''karasu'') * わし、鷲 – [[Wt/sn/chapungu|chapungu]] (''washi'') * たか、鷹 – [[Wt/sn/rukodzi|rukodzi]]/[[Wt/sn/godzi|godzi]], [[Wt/sn/ruvango|ruvango]] (''taka'') * さかな、魚 – [[Wt/sn/hove|hove]] (''sakana'') * たい、鯛 – [[Wt/sn/ẋakachwa|ẋakachwa]]/red snapper fish (''tai'') * えび、海老 – [[Wt/sn/mukamba|mukamba]], [[Wt/sn/kambashwari|kambashwari]] (''ebi'') * いわし、鰯 – [[Wt/sn/temba|temba]] (''iwashi'') * まぐろ、鮪 – [[Wt/sn/seu|seu]]/[[Wt/sn/sewu|sewu]] (Chifiji 'ia seu'/Chiswahili 'sehewa') (''maguro'') * かつお、鰹 – [[Wt/sn/katswo|katswo]] (''katsuo'') * さんま、秋刀魚 – [[Wt/sn/sanima|sanima]] (''sanma'') * あじ、鰺 – [[Wt/sn/chirambezi|chirambezi]]/horse mackerel (''aji'') * さば、鯖 – [[Wt/sn/vuna|vuna]]/[[Wt/sn/chivuna|chivuna]] (Chiswahiri 'una') (''saba'') * イカ、烏賊 – [[Wt/sn/ngishi|ngishi]] (Chiswahiri) (''ika'') * タコ、蛸、章魚 – [[Wt/sn/pweza|pweza]] (''tako'') * むし、虫 – [[Wt/sn/chipembenene|chipembenene]] (''mushi'') * ちょう、蝶 – [[Wt/sn/shaveshave|shaveshave]], [[Wt/sn/nharira|nharira]] (''chō'') * ガ、蛾 – [[Wt/sn/chikukuvere|chikukuvere]] (''ga'') * せみ、蝉 – [[Wt/sn/nyezhe|nyezhe]] (''semi'') * トンボ、蜻蛉 – [[Wt/sn/mukonikoni|mukonikoni]] (''tonbo'') * バッタ、飛蝗 – [[Wt/sn/hwiza|hwiza]], [[Wt/sn/gwata|gwata]] (''batta'') * クモ、蜘蛛 – [[Wt/sn/dzvatsvatsva|dzvatsvatsva]], [[Wt/sn/nyarutanda|nyarutanda]] (''kumo'') * ホタル、蛍 – [[Wt/sn/chitaitai|chitaitai]] (''hotaru'') * ハエ、蝿、蠅 – [[Wt/sn/nhunzi|nhunzi]] (''hae'') * カ、蚊 – [[Wt/sn/humhutu|humhutu]]/[[Wt/sn/utunga|utunga]], [[Wt/sn/unyunyu|unyunyu]] (''ka'') * ゴキブリ、蜚蠊 – [[Wt/sn/bete|bete]] (''gokiburi'') * カタツムリ、蝸牛 – [[Wt/sn/hozhwa|hozhwa]] (''katatsumuri'') * ナメクジ、蛞蝓 – [[Wt/sn/gonokono|gonokono]] (Chiswahiri 'konokono') (''namekuji'') * ミミズ、蚯蚓 – [[Wt/sn/honye|honye]] (''mimizu'') * かい、貝 – [[Wt/sn/kokohove|kokohove]] (''kai'') * かいがら、貝殻 – [[Wt/sn/rikoko|rikoko]] (''kaigara'') * トカゲ、蜥蜴 – [[Wt/sn/dzvinyu|dzvinyu]] (''tokage'') * へび、蛇 – [[Wt/sn/nyoka|nyoka]] (''hebi'') * くま、熊 – [[Wt/sn/bhee|bhee]] (''kuma'') ==== Madzinde ==== * しょくぶつ、植物 - [[Wt/sn/chisimwa|chisimwa]] (''shokubutsu'') * くさ、草 - [[Wt/sn/huswa|huswa]] (''kusa'') * はな、花 - [[Wt/sn/ruva|ruva]] (''hana'') * み、実 - [[Wt/sn/muchero|muchero]] (''mi'') * き、木 - [[Wt/sn/muti|muti]] (''ki'') * は、葉 (はっぱ、葉っぱ) - [[Wt/sn/shizha|shizha]] (''ha'', ''happa'') * ね、根 (ねっこ、根っ子) - [[Wt/sn/mudzi|mudzi]] (''ne'', ''nekko'') * くき、茎 - [[Wt/sn/dzinde|dzinde]] (''kuki'') * きのこ、茸 - [[Wt/sn/hova|hova]] (''kinoko'') * きく、菊 - [[svibvochori]] (''kiku'') * さくら、桜 - [[Wt/sn/zakura|zakura]] (''sakura'') * まつ、松 - [[Wt/sn/mutsingano|mutsingano]] (''matsu'') * うめ、梅 - [[Wt/sn/yome|yome]] (''ume'') ==== Zvirimwa ==== * こめ、米 – [[Wt/sn/mupunga|mupunga]] (''kome'') * いね、稲 – mupunga wakarimwa (''ine'') * むぎ、麦 – [[Wt/sn/gorosi|gorosi]], [[Wt/sn/bhari|bhari]]/[[Wt/sn/svenye|svenye]], [[Wt/sn/oti|oti]] (''mugi'') * やさい、野菜 – [[Wt/sn/muriwo|muriwo]] (''yasai'') * くだもの、果物 – [[Wt/sn/muchero|muchero]] (''kudamono'') * いも、芋 – [[Wt/sn/bura|bura]], [[Wt/sn/dapiri|dapiri]]/[[Wt/sn/mbatatisi|mbatatisi]], [[Wt/sn/dhumbe|dhumbe]] (''imo'') * まめ、豆 – [[Wt/sn/nyemba|nyemba]], [[Wt/sn/ndodzi|ndodzi]] (''mame'') * だいこん、大根 – Japanese white radish (''daikon'') * にんじん、人参 – [[Wt/sn/karoti|karoti]] (''ninjin'') * リンゴ、林檎 – [[Wt/sn/hapuro|hapuro]]/[[Wt/sn/nzana|nzana]] (''ringo'') * ミカン、蜜柑 – [[Wt/sn/mandarini|mandarini]] (''mikan'') * バナナ、かんしょう、甘蕉 – [[Wt/sn/figu|figu]]/[[Wt/sn/hobva|hobva]] (''banana'', ''kanshō'') * ナシ、梨 – [[Wt/sn/peya|peya]] (''nashi'') * クリ、栗 – chestnut tree (''kuri'') * モモ、桃 – [[Wt/sn/pichisi|pichisi]] (''momo'') * トマト、ばんか、蕃茄 – [[Wt/sn/buno|buno]]/[[Wt/sn/domasi|domasi]] (''tomato'', ''banka'') * スイカ、西瓜 – [[Wt/sn/vise|vise]]/[[Wt/sn/nwiwa|nwiwa]] (''suika'') === Food === [edit] * たべもの、食べ物 - food (''tabemono'') * ちょうしょく、朝食 - breakfast (''chōshoku'', ''asagohan'') * ひるごはん、昼御飯 - lunch (''hirugohan'') * ばんごはん、晩御飯 - dinner (''bangohan'') * ごはん、御飯 - cooked rice or meal (''gohan'') * みそ、味噌 - miso (''miso'') * りょうり、料理 - cooking (''ryōri'') * サラダ - salad (''sarada'') * デザート - dessert (''dezāto'') * パン - bread (''pan'') * サンドイッチ - sandwich (''sandoitchi'') * おやつ、間食 - snack (''oyatsu'', ''kanshoku'') * アイスクリーム - ice cream (''aisukurīmu'') * たこやき、たこ焼き - octopus dumpling (''takoyaki'') === Drink === [edit] * のみもの、飲み物 - drink/beverage (''nomimono'') * ちゃ、茶 - tea (''cha'') * おちゃ、お茶 - green tea (''ocha'') * コーヒー、珈琲 - coffee (''kōhī'') * ぎゅうにゅう、牛乳 - milk (''gyūnyū'') * みず、水 - water (''mizu'') * ビール - beer (''bīru'') * ワイン - wine (''wain'') === Seasoning === [edit] * さとう、砂糖 - sugar (''satō'') * しお、塩 - salt (''shio'') * しょうゆ、醤油 - soy sauce (''shōyu'') === Time === [edit] * じかん、時間 – time (''jikan'') * とき、じ、時 – ~hours (''toki'', ''ji'') * こよみ、カレンダー、暦 – calendar (''koyomi'', ''karendā'') * ふん、分 – minute (''fun'') * びょう、秒 – second (''byō'') * ひ、にち、日 – day (''hi'', ''nichi'') * つき、がつ、月 – month (''tsuki'', ''gatsu'') * (''# -gatsu / (January,1st Month): Ichi-,Ni-,San-,Shi-,Go-,Roku-,Shichi-,Hachi-,Ku-,Jyu-,JyuIchi-,JyuNi- (December,12th Month'') * とし、ねん、年 – year (''toshi'', ''nen'') * (''Last year: kyonen, this year: kotoshi, next year: rainen'') * きのう、さくじつ、昨日 – yesterday (''kinō'', ''sakujitsu'') * きょう、今日 – today (''kyō'') * あした、あす、みょうにち、明日 – tomorrow (''ashita'', ''asu'', ''myōnichi'') * あさ、朝 – morning (''asa'') * (''Yesterday morning: kinou no asa, this morning: kesa, tomorrow morning: ashita no asa'') * ひる、昼 – afternoon (''hiru'') * ゆうがた、夕方 – evening (''yūgata'') * ばん、晩 – evening (''ban'') * よる、夜 – evening, night (''yoru'') * ようび、曜日 – ~day (''yōbi'') * しゅう、週 – week (''shū'') * (''Last week: senshū, this week: konshū, next week: raishū'') * いっしゅうかん、一週間 – one week (''isshūkan'') === Week Days === [edit] * にちようび、日曜日 – Sunday (''nichi-yōbi'') * げつようび、月曜日 – Monday (''getsu-yōbi'') * かようび、火曜日 – Tuesday (''ka-yōbi'') * すいようび、水曜日 – Wednesday (''sui-yōbi'') * もくようび、木曜日 – Thursday (''moku-yōbi'') * きんようび、金曜日 – Friday (''kin-yōbi'') * どようび、土曜日 – Saturday (''do-yōbi'') === Weather === [edit] * たいよう、太陽 – sun (''taiyō'') * つき、月 – moon (''tsuki'') * ほし、星 – star (''hoshi'') * てんき、天気 – weather (''tenki'') * はれ、晴れ – clear weather (''hare'') * あめ、雨 – rain (''ame'') * くもり、曇り – cloudy (''kumori'') * ゆき、雪 – snow (''yuki'') * かぜ、風 – wind (''kaze'') * かみなり、雷 – thunder, lightning (''kaminari'') * たいふう、台風 – typhoon (''taifū'') * あらし、嵐 – storm (''arashi'') * そら、空 – sky (''sora'') === Directions and positions === [edit] * きた、北 – north (''kita'') * ひがし、東 – east (''higashi'') * みなみ、南 – south (''minami'') * にし、西 – west (''nishi'') * ここ – here (''koko'') * そこ – there (''soko'') * あそこ – over there (''asoko'') * みぎ、右 – right (''migi'') * ひだり、左 – left (''hidari'') * うえ、上 – above, up (''ue'') * した、下 – below, down (''shita'') * まえ、前 – front (''mae'') * うしろ、後 – behind (''ushiro'') * むこう、向こう – the other side, opposite side (''mukō'') * ななめ、斜め – diagonal (''naname'') * てまえ、手前 – nearer, more in front (''temae'') * とおい、遠い – far (''tooi'') * ちかい、近い – near, close (''chikai'') === Materials === [edit] * みず、水 – water (''mizu'') * ゆ、湯 – hot water (''yu'') * こおり、氷 – ice (''kōri'') * ゆげ、湯気 – steam (''yuge'') * ひ、火 – fire (''hi'') * ガス – gas (''gasu'') * くうき、空気 – air, atmosphere (''kūki'') * つち、土 – earth, ground (''tsuchi'') * きんぞく、金属 – metal, metallic (''kinzoku'') * どろ、泥 – mud, mire, clay, plaster (''doro'') * けむり、煙 – smoke, tobacco, opium (''kemuri'') * てつ、鉄 – iron [Fe] (''tetsu'') * どう、銅 – copper [Cu] (''dō'') * きん、金 – gold [Au]; money (''kin'') * ぎん、銀 – silver [Ag]; wealth (''gin'') * なまり、鉛 – lead [Pb] (''namari'') * しお、塩 – salt [NaCl] (''shio'') === Weights and measures === [edit] * メートル – meter (''mētoru'') * リットル – litre (''rittoru'') * グラム – gram (''guramu'') * キロ – kilo- (''kiro'') * ミリ – milli- (''miri'') * センチメートル、センチ – centimeter (''senchi'') * インチ – inch (''inchi'') === Society === [edit] * しゃかい、社会 – society (''shakai'') * けいざい、経済 – economy, economics (''keizai'') * かいしゃ、会社 – company (''kaisha'') * かいぎ、会議 – meeting (''kaigi'') * がっこう、学校 – school (''gakkō'') * やくしょ、役所 – local government office (''yakusho'') * みせ、店 – store (''mise'') * ホテル – hotel (''hoteru'') * こうじょう、工場 – factory (''kōjō'') * かね、金 – money (''kane'', most commonly ''o-kane'') * さつ、札 – bill [of money, e.g., a thousand-yen bill] (''satsu'') * こぜに、小銭 – small change (''kozeni'') * つりせん、釣り銭、おつり、お釣り – change (''tsurisen''), change (''o-tsuri'') * じどうはんばいき、自動販売機 – vending machine, slot machine (''jidōhanbaiki'') * きっぷ、切符 – ticket (''public transport, fine'') (''kippu'') * きって、切手 – stamp (''kitte'') === Human made objects === [edit] ==== Home ==== [edit] * つくえ、机 – desk (''tsukue'') * いす、椅子 – chair, position (''isu'') * たたみ、畳 – a tatami mat (''tatami'') * と、戸 – door, family (''to'') * とびら、扉 – door panel (''tobira'') * ドア – door (''doa'') * まど、窓 – window (''mado'') * ふとん、布団 – futon (''futon'') * げんかん、玄関 – entrance (''genkan'') * いえ、家 – house, home (''ie'') * エレベーター – elevator (''erebētā'') * エスカレーター – escalator (''esukarētā'') * でんき、電気 – electricity (''denki'') ==== Tools ==== [edit] * くぎ、釘 – nail, spike (''kugi'') * ひも、紐 – string, cord (''himo'') * なわ、縄 – rope, string (''nawa'') * ふくろ、袋 – pocket, bag (''fukuro'') * かばん、鞄 – leather bag (''kaban'') * かさ、傘 – umbrella, parasol (''kasa'') * かぎ、鍵 – door bolt, key (''kagi'') * ちょうこく、彫刻 – sculpture, engraving (''chōkoku'') ==== Stationery ==== [edit] * ぶんぼうぐ、文房具 – stationery ​(''bunbōgu'') * インク – ink (''inku'') * ペン – pen (''pen'') * ボールペン – ball-point pen (''bōrupen'') * まんねんひつ、万年筆 – fountain pen (''mannenhitsu'') * えんぴつ、鉛筆 – pencil (''enpitsu'') * ふで、筆 – brush for writing or painting (''fude'') * チョーク – chalk (''chōku'') * けしゴム、消しゴム – eraser (''keshigomu'') * えんぴつけずり、鉛筆削り – pencil sharpener (''enpitsu-kezuri'') * じょうぎ、定規 – ruler (''jōgi'') * ノート – notebook (''nōto'') * にっき、日記 – diary (''nikki'') * カバー – book cover (''kabā'') * ふうとう、封筒 – envelope (''fūtō'') * はさみ、鋏 – scissors (''hasami'') * ホッチキス – stapler (''hotchikisu'') ==== Clothes ==== [edit] * ふく、服 – clothes (''fuku'') * ようふく、洋服 – western clothing (''yōfuku'') * きもの、着物 – kimono (''kimono'') * わふく、和服 – Japanese clothing (''wafuku'') * そで、袖 – sleeve (''sode'') * えり、襟 – lapel, collar (''eri'') * ボタン – button (''botan'') * チャック、ファスナー、ジッパー – zipper, zipper fastener (''chakku, fasunā, jippā'') * ベルト – belt (''beruto'') * くつ、靴 – shoe (''kutsu'') * くつした、靴下 – sock (''kutsushita'') * めがね、眼鏡 – glasses (''megane'') ==== Transport ==== [edit] * てつどう、鉄道 – railway (''tetsudō'') * えき、駅 – station (''eki'') * ひこうき、飛行機 – airplane (''hikōki'') * くうこう、空港 （ひこうじょう、飛行場） – airport (''kūkō'', ''hikōjō'') * みち、道 – street, way, road (''michi'') * どうろ、道路 – road (''dōro'') * バスてい、バス停 – bus-stop (''basutei'') * とおり、通り – avenue (''tōri'') * でんしゃ、電車 – train (''densha'') * くるま、車 (じどうしゃ、自動車) – car (''kuruma'', ''jidōsha'') * じてんしゃ、自転車 –　bicycle (''Jitensha'') === Language === [edit] * もじ、文字 – letter, character, script (''moji'') * じ、字 – a letter, character (''ji'') * かんじ、漢字 – Chinese character (''kanji'') * ひらがな、平仮名 – hiragana syllabary characters (''hiragana'') * カタカナ、片仮名 – katakana syllabary characters (''katakana'') * すうじ、数字 – numbers (''sūji'') * アルファベット – alphabet (''arufabetto'') * ローマ字 – Roman characters, Latin script (''rōmaji'') * がいこくご、外国語 – foreign language (''gaikokugo'') * にほんご、日本語 （こくご、国語） – Japanese [language] (''nihongo'') * えいご、英語 – English [language] (''eigo'') * ちゅうごくご、中国語 – Chinese [language] (''chūgokugo'') * どいつご、ドイツ語 – German [language] (''doitsugo'') * すぺいんご、スペイン語 – Spanish [language] (''supeingo'') * ふらんすご、フランス語 – French [language] (''furansugo'') * ちょうせんご、朝鮮語、かんこくご、韓国語 – Korean [language], South Korean [language] (''chōsengo'', ''kankokugo'') === Media === [edit] * ほん、本 – book (''hon'') * かみ、紙 – paper (''kami'') * てがみ、手紙 – letter (''tegami'') * しんぶん、新聞 – newspaper (''shinbun'') * じしょ、辞書 – dictionary (''jisho'') * パソコン – personal computer (''pasokon'') === Colors === [edit] * いろ、色 – color (''iro'', ''shikisai'') * あか、赤 – red (''aka'') * きいろ、黄色 – yellow (''kiiro'') * みどり、緑 – green (''midori'') * あお、青 – blue (''ao'') * むらさき、紫 – purple (''murasaki'', ''murasakiiro'') * しろ、白 – white (''shiro'') * くろ、黒 – black (''kuro'') * ピンク – pink (''pinku'') * ちゃいろ、茶色 – brown (''chairo'') * はいいろ、灰色、ねずみいろ、鼠色 – grey (''haiiro'', ''nezumiiro'') * オレンジ – orange (''orenji'') === Others === [edit] * え、絵 – picture (''e'') * おんがく、音楽 – music (''ongaku'') * りか、理科 – science (''rika'') * さんすう、算数 – arithmetic (''sansū'') * れきし、歴史 – history (''rekishi'') * ちり、地理 – geography (''chiri'') * たいいく、体育 – physical education (''taiiku'') * スポーツ – sport (''supōtsu'') * システム – system (''shisutemu'') * じょうほう、情報 – information, news (''jōhō'') * ひつよう、必要 – necessity (''hitsuyō'') * べんきょう、勉強 – study (''benkyō'') * いらい、依頼 – request (''irai'') === Numbers === [edit] * れい、ゼロ、零 – zero (''rei, zero'') * いち、一 – one (''ichi'') * に、二 – two (''ni'') * さん、三 – three (''san'') * よん、し、四 – four (''yon'', ''shi'') * ご、五 – five (''go'') * ろく、六 – six (''roku'') * なな、しち、七 – seven (''nana'', ''shichi'') * はち、八 – eight (''hachi'') * きゅう、く、九 – nine (''kyū'', ''ku'') * じゅう、十 – ten (''jū'') * ひゃく、百 – hundred (''hyaku'') * せん、千 – thousand (''sen'') * まん、万 – ten thousand (''man'') * おく、億 – one hundred million (''oku'') * ひとつ、一つ – one, one thing (''hitotsu'') * ふたつ、二つ – two, two things (''futatsu'') * みっつ、三つ – three, three things (''mittsu'') * よっつ、四つ – four, four things (''yottsu'') * いつつ、五つ – five, five things (''itsutsu'') * むっつ、六つ – six, six things (''muttsu'') * ななつ、七つ – seven, seven things (''nanatsu'') * やっつ、八つ – eight, eight things (''yattsu'') * ここのつ、九つ – nine, nine things (''kokonotsu'') * とお、十 – ten, ten things (''tō'') === Abstract nouns === [edit] * これ – this, it (''kore'') * それ – that (''sore'') * あれ – that over there (''are'') * どれ – which (''dore'') * こちら、こっち – this direction, thing, person, or place (''kochira'', ''kocchi'') * そちら、そっち – that direction, thing, person, or place (''sochira'', ''socchi'') * あちら、あっち – that direction, thing, person, or place over there (''achira'', ''acchi'') * どちら、どっち – which direction, thing, person, or place (''dochira'', ''docchi'') * ひみつ、秘密 – secret (''himitsu'') * じどう、自動 – automatic (''jidō'') * ないよう、内容 – content (''naiyō'') * はば、幅 – width, breadth, free room, difference (between two substances) (''haba'') * せいしき、正式 – formality (''seishiki'') * けっこん、結婚 – marriage (''kekkon'') * げんざい、現在 – now (''genzai'') * いま、今 – now (''ima'') * かこ、過去 – past (''kako'') * みらい、未来 – future (''mirai'') == Adjectives == [edit] === Forms === [edit] * いい、よい、良い – good (''ii'', ''yoi'') * すごい、凄い – amazing (''sugoi'') * すばらしい、素晴らしい – wonderful (''subarashii'') * わるい、悪い – bad, inferior (''warui'') * たかい、高い – expensive, high (''takai'') * ひくい、低い – low (''hikui'') * やすい、安い – cheap (''yasui'') * おおきい、大きい – big (''ōkii'') * ちいさい、小さい – small (''chiisai'') * ほそい、細い – thin (''hosoi'') * ふとい、太い – thick (''futoi'') * ふるい、古い – old (''furui'') * あたらしい、新しい – new (''atarashii'') * わかい、若い – young (''wakai'') * かるい、軽い – light, easy (''karui'') * おもい、重い – heavy (''omoi'') * やさしい、易しい – easy, simple (''yasashii'') * むずかしい、難しい – difficult (''muzukashii'') * やわらかい、柔らかい – soft (''yawarakai'') * かたい、硬い、堅い – hard (''katai'') * あつい、熱い、暑い – hot (''atsui'') * つめたい、冷たい – cold (''tsumetai'') * さむい、寒い – cold (''samui'') as in cold weather * おいしい、美味しい – delicious (''oishii'') * うまい、美味い、旨い – delicious, appetizing (''umai'') * まずい、不味い – tastes awful (''mazui'') * あまい、甘い – sweet (''amai'') * からい、辛い – hot [spicy] (''karai'') * しょっぱい、塩っぱい – salty (''shoppai'') * にがい、苦い – bitter (''nigai'') * うつくしい、美しい – beautiful (''utsukushii'') === Feelings === [edit] * うれしい、嬉しい – happy (''ureshii'') * たのしい、楽しい – fun (''tanoshii'') * かなしい、悲しい – sad (''kanashii'') * さびしい、寂しい、淋しい – lonely (''sabishii'') * さみしい、寂しい、淋しい - sad, lonely (''samishii'') * こわい、怖い、恐い – scary (''kowai'') * いたい、痛い – painful (''itai'') * かゆい、痒い – itchy (''kayui'') * くさい、臭い – stinky (''kusai'') * つらい、辛い – painful, heart-breaking (''tsurai'') == Verbs == [edit] * する – to do (''suru'') * やる – to do (''yaru'') === Existence === [edit] * いる – to exist [for animate objects] (''iru'') * ある – to exist [for inanimate objects] (''aru'') * なる – to become (''naru'') * おこる、起こる、興る – to occur (''okoru'') * あらわれる、現れる – to appear (''arawareru'') * いきる、生きる – to live (''ikiru'') * うむ、生む、産む – to give birth (''umu'') * しぬ、死ぬ – to die (''shinu'') * こわれる、壊れる – to breakⁱⁿ (''kowareru'') : ⁱⁿ intransitive sense === Movement === [edit] * いく、行く – to go (''iku'') * くる、来る – to come (''kuru'') * かえる、帰る、返る – to return (''kaeru'') * あるく、歩く – to walk (''aruku'') * とぶ、飛ぶ – to jump, to fly (''tobu'') * およぐ、泳ぐ – to swim (''oyogu'') === Actions === [edit] * うごく、動く – to moveⁱⁿ (''ugoku'') * おどる、踊る – to dance (''odoru'') * ねる、寝る – to sleep (''neru'') * うたう、歌う – to sing (''utau'') * かむ、噛む – to bite (''kamu'') * たべる、食べる – to eat (''taberu'') * のむ、飲む – to drink (''nomu'') * さわる、触る – to touch (''sawaru'') * なげる、投げる – to throw (''nageru'') * もつ、持つ – to hold (''motsu'') * うつ、打つ – to hit, to strike (''utsu'') * なぐる、殴る – to hit, to strike (''naguru'') * さす、指す – to point (''sasu'') * さす、刺す – to stab (''sasu'') * さす、差す – to raise or extend one's hands (''sasu'') * ける、蹴る – to kick (''keru'') * すわる、座る – to sit (''suwaru'') * たつ、立つ – to stand (''tatsu'') * はしる、走る – to run (''hashiru'') === Changes of state === [edit] * あく、空く – to become unoccupied (''aku'') * こむ、込む – to be crowded (''komu'') * いる、要る – to need (''iru'') * かわく、乾く – to become dry (''kawaku'') * みだす、乱す - to disturb, to disarrange (''midasu'') * みだれる、乱れる - to be disturbed, to become confused (''midareru'') * つかえる、仕える - to serve, to work for (''tsukaeru'') * そなわる、備わる - to be furnished with (''sonawaru'') * すぐれる、優れる - to excel, to surpass (''sugureru'') * ひえる、冷える - to grow cold, to get chilly, to cool down (''hieru'') * さめる、覚める - to wake, to become sober, to be disillusioned (''sameru'') * さめる、冷める - to cool down (''sameru'') * むく、向く - to face, to turn toward (''muku'') * たおれる、倒れる - to fall, to collapse (''taoreru'') * かたまる、固まる - to harden, to solidify, to become firm (''katamaru'') * うまる、埋まる - to be filled, to be surrounded, to overflow (''umaru'') * うもれる、埋もれる - to be buried, to be covered (''umoreru'') * ます、増す - to increase, to grow (''masu'') * ふえる、増える - to increase, to multiply (''fueru'') * へる、減る - to decrease (''heru'') * はずれる、外れる - to deviate (''hazureru'') * ふとる、太る - to grow fat (''futoru'') * はじまる、始まる - to begin (''hajimaru'') * おわる、終わる - to finish, to close (''owaru'') * きめる、決める - to decide (''kimeru'') === Senses === [edit] * みる、見る – to see (''miru'') * きく、聞く、聴く – to hear, to listen (''kiku'') * さわる、触る – to touch, to feel (''sawaru'') * かぐ、嗅ぐ – to smell (''kagu'') === Speech === [edit] * いう、言う – to say (''iu'') * はなす、話す – to speak (''hanasu'') * かたる、語る – to tell (''kataru'') * かく、書く – to write (''kaku'') * よむ、読む – to read (''yomu'') === Work === [edit] * つかう、使う – to use (''tsukau'') * つくる、作る、造る、創る – to make (''tsukuru'') * なおす、直す、治す – to fix, repair (''naosu'') * すてる、捨てる – to discard, throw away (''suteru'') * とる、取る、撮る、採る – to take (''toru'') * おく、置く – to put (''oku'') === Emotions === [edit] * かなしむ、悲しむ、哀しむ – to be sad (''kanashimu'') * なく、泣く – to cry (''naku'') * わらう、笑う – to laugh (''warau'') * おこる、怒る – to be angry (''okoru'') * ほめる、褒める – to encourage (''homeru'') * しかる、叱る – to scold (''shikaru'') * よろこぶ、喜ぶ – to celebrate, to be jubilant, to have joy, to have delight, to have rapture (''yorokobu'') * よろこび、喜び – joy, delight, rapture (''yorokobi'') * なぐさめる、慰める – to console, to consolate, to provide empathy (''nagusameru'') * あきる、飽きる – to be disinterested, to be bored, to be tired of, to be weary (''akiru'') * おどろく、驚く – to be astonished, to be surprised, to be scared (''odoroku'') === Activities === [edit] * あう、会う – to meet, to interview (''au'') * あける、開ける – to open^tr, to unwrap^tr (''akeru'') * あそぶ、遊ぶ – to play (''asobu'') * あつまる、集まる – to gatherⁱⁿ (''atsumaru'') * うる、売る – to sell (''uru'') * える、得る – to obtain [some benefit or knowledge] (''eru'') * おる、折る – to break^tr, to fold^tr (''oru'') * かう、買う – to buy (''kau'') * きる、切る – to cut (''kiru'')^† * きる、着る – to wear [on the upper body] (''kiru'') * はく、履く – to wear [on the lower body] (''haku'') * かえる、変える – to change^tr (''kaeru'') * かえる、代える – to exchange, to substitute, to replace (''kaeru'') * しめる、閉める – to close^tr (''shimeru'') * しめる、締める – to tie, to fasten (''shimeru'') * しめる、占める – to comprise, to account for (''shimeru'') * しる、知る – to know (''shiru'')^† * つかれる、疲れる – to get tired (''tsukareru'') * でかける、出掛ける – to go out, to depart (''dekakeru'') * はたらく、働く – to work [e.g., at a job] (''hataraku'') * はなす、放す、離す – to let go of (''hanasu'') * やすむ、休む – to rest, to take a break, to go to bed (''yasumu'') * わかれる、分かれる – to split intoⁱⁿ, to be divided (''wakareru'') * わかれる、別れる – to partⁱⁿ, to separateⁱⁿ, to break upⁱⁿ (''wakareru'') : ^tr transitive sense : ⁱⁿ intransitive sense : ^† conjugates as a ''u''-verb == Adverbs == [edit] * もう – already (''mō'') * まだ – still, yet (''mada'') * ずっと – always (''zutto'') * とても – very (''totemo'') * こう – like this (''kō'') * そう – like that (''sō'') * ああ – in that other way (''ā'') * どう – how (''dō'') * しばしば – often (''shibashiba'') == Pre-noun adjectival == [edit] * この – this (''kono'') * その – that (''sono'') * あの – that (''ano'') * どの – which (''dono'') == Interjections == [edit] * はい – yes (''hai'') * いいえ – no (''iie'') == Conjunctions == [edit] * でも - but (''demo'') * しかし – but, however (''shikashi'') * そして – and then, Then… (''soshite'') * それに – besides (''soreni'') * なぜなら – that is because, being because (''nazenara'') == Terminations of verbs == [edit] * う、よう – volitional ending [う for ''u''-verbs, よう for ''ru''-verbs]: "Let's…" or "I will" (''u'', ''yō'') * せる、させる – causative ending [せる for ''u''-verbs, させる for ''ru''-verbs]: to make [someone do something], to allow (''seru'', ''saseru'') * れる、られる – passive verb ending [れる for ''u''-verbs, られる for ''ru''-verbs]: to be <verbed> [e.g., 食べられる, "to be eaten"] (''reru'', ''rareru'') * そうだ – indicates that it ''seems'' the verb occurs [e.g., "It seems he ate"] (''sōda'') * た – informal past-tense (''ta'') * たい – indicates desire to perform verb (''tai'') * だろう – indicates that it ''seems'' the verb occurs; also used to ask whether the verb occurs (''darō'') * ない、ん – informal negative (''nai'', ''n'') [ん is a slurred version and sounds a little masculine] * ぬ – archaic informal negative ["he hath", "thou didst", etc.] (''nu'') * ます – formal non-past ending (''masu'') == Particles == [edit] === Case === [edit] * が – subject marker, but (''ga'') * で – at, by (''de'') * と – and, with (''to'') * に – indirect object marker (''ni'') * の – possession marker, of (''no'') * へ – to (''e'') [Note: へ is normally read ''he'', but when used as this particle its reading changes to ''e''] * まで – to (''made'') * から – from (''kara'') * より – than (''yori'') * を – direct object marker (''o'') === Conjunctive === [edit] * および、及び – and; as well as (''oyobi'') * か – whether (''ka'') * かも – might be, possible that (''kamo'') * そして – and then (''sosh<s>i</s>te'') * それとも – or (''soretomo'') * だの – things like <list of things>, including, such things as (''dano'') * つつ – ongoing occurrence (''tsutsu'') [similar to ながら but has different tone, and both actions have equal weight] * て – ''te'' form of verb or adjective [see explanation] * と – when, if, that (''to'') * ながら – while, though, both (''nagara'') * ならびに – as well as (''narabini'') * なり – whether or not (''nari'') * に – to <somewhere>, by <someone> (''ni'') * の – possession (''no'') * ので – so (''node'') * また、又 – also, again (''mata'') * または、又は – or alternatively (''matawa'') * も – also, too (''mo'') * や – and (''ya'') === Final === [edit] * ね – emphasis and question marker, equivalent to "right?" (''ne'') * か – question marker (''ka'') * な – the copula particle used after quasi-adjectives (''na'') * かしら – I wonder (''kashira'') * さ – -ness (''sa'') * っけ – particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information ["What class is next ''-kke''?"] (''-kke'') === Adverbial === [edit] * こそ – emphasis (''koso'') * さえ – even (''sae'') * しか – only (''shika'') * すら – even (''sura'') * くらい、ぐらい – approximately, about (''kurai'') * だけ – only, as much as (''dake'') * だって – however (''datte'') * ったら – casual topic marker (''ttara'') [colloquial form of ''to ittara'' (if you refer to ~; as for ~) * って – said that (''tte'') * でも – also, or (''demo'') * どころ – (''particle used to indicate that what precedes it is an extreme example and strongly negates it'') (''dokoro'') * など – for example (''nado'') * なら – if [for verbs]; subject marker [for nouns] (''nara'') * なんか – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (''nanka'') * なんて – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (''nante'') * は – topic marker (''wa'') [although ''ha'' is the hiragana used, ''wa'' is the pronunciation) * ばかり、ばっかり – just, full of, only (''bakari'') * まで – until (''made'') * も – too, also (''mo'') [[Category:Wt/sn]] aiit456oygm2lm07xdkbovz00fzc7on 6685398 6685355 2025-06-13T16:34:11Z Masiziva 2578955 6685398 wikitext text/x-wiki Zanhi nderemashoko mauru eChijapani ekutanga. Chijapani chinoshandisa zvikeruro zvitatu, Hiragana, Kanji (kubvira kuChichayina, keruro yeChichayina ichiverengwa nokunyorwa nzira yechiJapani), Katakana (chinowanzoshandisirwa mashoko ekumimwe mitauro). Panonyorwa mashoko eChijapani nekeruro yeChiratini sezvinoitwa Chivanhu, zvinonzi Romaji. Mienzaniso ye keruro dze Chijapani: * Hiragana: にんげん * Kanji: 人間 * Romaji: ''ningen'' shoko iri rimwechete asi murikuona manyorerwo aro kana mapereterwo aro nemakeruro ayo. * Katana: ニンゲン == Zviito == === Vanhu === * にんげん、人間 – [[Wt/sn/munhu|munhu]] (''ningen'') * じんるい、人類 – [[Wt/sn/mutsa|mutsa]] (''jinrui'') * ひと、人 – munhu (''hito'') * おとこ、男 – [[Wt/sn/munhurume|munhurume]] (''otoko'') * おとこのひと、男の人 – [[Wt/sn/murume|murume]] (''otokonohito'') * おとこのこ、男の子 – mukomana (''otokonoko'') * おんな、女 – munhukadzi (''onna'') * おんなのひと、女の人 – mukadzi (''onnanohito'') * おんなのこ、女の子 – musikana (''onnanoko'') * あかちゃん、赤ちゃん – mwana (''akachan'') * わかもの、若者 – [[Wt/sn/huchidiki|huchidki]], munhumudiki (''wakamono'') * わたし、私 – [[Wt/sn/ini|ini]], [[Wt/sn/inini|inini]] (''watashi'') * わたくし、私 – ini, inini (''watakushi'' [zvineruremekedzo rukuru]) ** ぼく、僕 – ini, inini (''boku'', rinoshandiswa nevanhurume) * おれ、俺 – [[Wt/sn/'ni|'ni]], [[Wt/sn/'nini|'nini]] (''ore'', rinoshandiswa nevanhurume [zvisinaruremekedzo]) * あたし、私 – 'ni, 'nini (''atashi'', rinowanzokushandiwa nevanhukadzi [zvineruporepore ]) * しょうじょ、少女 – [[Wt/sn/chisikana|chisikana]], [[Wt/sn/chimhandara|chimhandara]] (''shoujo'') * しょうねん、少年 – [[Wt/sn/chikomana|chikomana]], [[Wt/sn/chijaya|chijaya]] (''shounen'') ==== Mabasa ==== * いしゃ、医者 – [[Wt/sn/chiremba|chiremba]] (''isha'') * かんごし、看護師 – [[Wt/sn/mukoti|mukoti]] (''kangoshi'') * かんごふ、看護婦 – mukotikadzi, mukoti wechikadzi (''kangofu'') (tinongoti ''mukoti'' pachivanhu) * しかい、歯科医、はいしゃ、歯医者 – [[Wt/sn/murapameno|murapameno]] (''shikai, ha-isha'') * せいじか、政治家 – [[Wt/sn/sachirao|sachirao]] (''seijika'') * べんごし、弁護士 – [[Wt/sn/gweta|gweta]] (''bengoshi'') * しょうぼうし、消防士 – [[Wt/sn/gasamuriro|gasamuriro]], [[Wt/sn/chigasamuriro|chigasamuriro]] (''shouboushi'') * けいさつかん、警察官 – [[Wt/sn/mupurisa|mupurisa]] (''keisatsukan'') * へいし、兵士 – [[Wt/sn/musoja|musoja]], [[Wt/sn/chikunda|chikunda]] (''heishi'') * けんちくか、建築家 – [[Wt/sn/muvaki|muvaki]] (''kenchikuka'') * せんせい、先生 – [[Wt/sn/murairi|murairi]], mudzidzisi (''sensei'') * きょうし、教師 – (wechikoro) [[Wt/sn/mudzidzisi|mudzidzisi]] (''kyoushi'') * かしゅ、歌手 – [[Wt/sn/muyimbi|muyimbi]] (''kashu'') * エンジニア – [[Wt/sn/mhizha|mhizha]] (''enjinia'') ==== Mwiri ==== * あし、足、脚 – [[Wt/sn/rushoka|rushoka]], [[Wt/sn/gumbo|gumbo]] (''ashi'') * かかと、踵 – [[Wt/sn/chitsitsinho|chitsitsinho]] (''kakato'') * すね、脛 – [[Wt/sn/mupimbiri|mupimbiri]] (''sune'') * ひざ、膝 – [[Wt/sn/ibvi|ibvi]] (''hiza'') * もも、腿 – [[Wt/sn/chidya|chidya]] (''momo'') * あたま、頭 – [[Wt/sn/musoro|musoro]] (''atama'') * かお、顔 – [[Wt/sn/uso|uso]], [[Wt/sn/chiso|chiso]] (''kao'') * くち、口 – [[Wt/sn/muromo|muromo]] (''kuchi'') * くちびる、唇 – [[Wt/sn/miromo|miromo]], [[Wt/sn/ndomo|ndomo]] (''kuchibiru'') * は、歯 – [[Wt/sn/zino|zino]] (''ha'') * はな、鼻 – [[Wt/sn/mhuno|mhuno]] (''hana'') * め、目 – [[Wt/sn/ziso|ziso]] (''me'') * ひげ、髭、鬚、髯 – moustache, [[Wt/sn/ndebvu|ndebvu]] (''hige'') * かみ、髪 – [[Wt/sn/bvudzi|bvudzi]] (''kami'') * みみ、耳 – [[Wt/sn/nzeve|nzeve]] (''mimi'') * おなか、御腹 – [[Wt/sn/dumbu|dumbu]] (''onaka'') * うで、腕 – [[Wt/sn/muoko|muoko]], [[Wt/sn/rwoko|rwoko]] (''ude'') * ひじ、肘 – [[Wt/sn/gokora|gokora]] (''hiji'') * かた、肩 – [[Wt/sn/bendekete|bendekete]] (''kata'') * つめ、爪 – [[Wt/sn/nzwara|nzwara]] (''tsume'') * て、手 – [[Wt/sn/chanza|chanza]] (''te'') * てくび、手首 – [[Wt/sn/chiningoningo|chiningoningo]] (''tekubi'') * てのひら、掌、手の平 – [[Wt/sn/chao|chao]] (''te-no-hira'') * ゆび、指 – [[Wt/sn/chigunwe|chigunwe]], [[Wt/sn/dzara|dzara]] (''yubi'') * しり、尻 – [[Wt/sn/matako|matako]], [[Wt/sn/magaro|magaro]] (''shiri'') * おなか、お腹 （はら、腹） – [[Wt/sn/dumburira|dumburira]], [[Wt/sn/hutsatumbu|hutsatumbu]] (''o-naka'') * かんぞう、肝臓 – [[Wt/sn/chitaka|chitaka]] (''kanzō'') * きも、肝 – [[Wt/sn/chiropa|chiropa]] (''kimo'') * きんにく、筋肉 – [[Wt/sn/tsandanyama|tsandanyama]] (''kin'niku'') * くび、首 – [[Wt/sn/mutsipa|mutsipa]] (''kubi'') * こころ、心 – [[Wt/sn/moyo|moyo]] [sezvemanzwiro] (''kokoro'') * こし、腰 – [[Wt/sn/chiuno|chiuno]], [[Wt/sn/hudyu|hudyu]] (''koshi'') * しんぞう、心臓 – [[Wt/sn/mhumba|mhumba]] (''shinzō'') * せなか、背中 – [[Wt/sn/musana|musana]] (''senaka'') * ち、血 – [[Wt/sn/ropa|ropa]], [[Wt/sn/gazi|gazi]], [[Wt/sn/ngazi|ngazi]] (''chi'') * にく、肉 – [[Wt/sn/nyama|nyama]] (''niku'') * はだ、肌、膚 – [[Wt/sn/ganda|ganda]] (''hada'') * ひふ、皮膚 – ganda (''hifu'') * ほね、骨 – [[Wt/sn/pfupa|pfupa]] (''bone'') * むね、胸 – [[Wt/sn/chipfuva|chipfuva]] (''mune'') * かぜ、風邪 – [[Wt/sn/chikosoro|chikosoro]] [chirwere] (''kaze'') * げり、下痢 – [[Wt/sn/manyoka|manyoka]] (''geri'') * びょうき、病気 – [[Wt/sn/chirwere|chirwere]], [[Wt/sn/chihwere|chihwere]] (''byōki'') === Mhuri === * かぞく、家族 – [[Wt/sn/mhuri|mhuri]] (''kazoku'') * りょうしん、両親 – [[Wt/sn/vabereki|vabereki]], [[Wt/sn/vazvari|vazvari]] (''ryoushin'') * こども、子供 – [[Wt/sn/vana|vana]] (''kodomo'') * ちち、父 – [[Wt/sn/baba|baba]], [[Wt/sn/tate|tate]] (''chichi'')("otou-san") * はは、母 – [[Wt/sn/amai|amai]], [[Wt/sn/mhamha|mhamha]] (''haha'')("okaa-san") * つま、妻 – [[Wt/sn/mudzimai|mudzimai]], [[Wt/sn/maivemba|maivemba]] (''tsuma'') * おっと、夫 – [[Wt/sn/mwamuna|mwamuna]], [[Wt/sn/muna|muna]] (''otto'') * あに、兄 – [[Wt/sn/mukoma|mukoma]] (''ani'') (''onī-san'') * あね、姉 – [[Wt/sn/wakoma|wakoma]] (''ane'') (''onē-san'') * おとうと、弟 – [[Wt/sn/munun'una|munun'una]] (nemsikana), [[Wt/sn/munin'ina|munin'ina]] (nemkomana) (''otōto'') * いもうと、妹 – [[Wt/sn/munun'una|munun'una]] (nemkomana), [[Wt/sn/munin'ina|munin'ina]] (nemsikana) (''imōto'') * きょうだい、兄弟 – [[Wt/sn/hanzvadzi|hanzvadzi]] (''kyōdai'') * しまい、姉妹 – [[Wt/sn/hanzvadzisikana|hanzvadzisikana]], [[Wt/sn/taita|taita]] (''shimai'') * そふ、祖父 – [[Wt/sn/sekuru|sekuru]] (''sofu'') (''ojii-san'') * そぼ、祖母 – [[Wt/sn/ambuya|ambuya]], [[Wt/sn/gogo|gogo]] (''sobo'') (''obaa-san'') * まご、孫 – [[Wt/sn/muzukuru|muzukuru]] (''mago'') * おじ、伯父、叔父 – [[Wt/sn/bambo|bambo]] (zvemazuvaose) (''oji'') (''oji-san'') * おば、伯母、叔母 – [[Wt/sn/tete|tete]], [[Wt/sn/babakadzi|babakadzi]], [[Wt/sn/sangadzi|sangadzi]] (''oba'') (''oba-san'') * いとこ、従兄弟、従姉妹、従兄、従弟、従姉、従妹 – [[Wt/sn/kazi|kazi]] (''itoko'') * めい、姪 – [[Wt/sn/mwanasikana|mwanasikana]] (wehanzvadzi mwana wako wo) (''mei'') * おい、甥 – [[Wt/sn/mwanakomana|mwanakomana]] (wehanzvadzi mwana wakowo) (''oi'') === Hupenyu === * いきもの、生き物 – [[Wt/sn/zvipenyu|zvipenyu]] (''ikimono'') * ばけもの、化け物 – [[Wt/sn/chirhumha|chirhumha]], [[Wt/sn/chikaramasango|chikaramasango]] (''bakemono'') ==== Mhuka ==== * どうぶつ、動物 – [[Wt/sn/mhuka|mhuka]] (''dōbutsu'') * チーター – [[Wt/sn/dindingwe|dindingwe]] (''chītā'') * いぬ、犬 – [[Wt/sn/imbwa|imbwa]] (''inu'') * ねこ、猫 – [[Wt/sn/mangoi|mangoi]] (''neko'') * うし、牛 – [[Wt/sn/mombe|mombe]], [[Wt/sn/n'ombe|n'ombe]] (''ushi'') * ぶた、豚 – [[Wt/sn/nguruve|nguruve]], [[Wt/sn/hochi|hochi]] (''buta'') * うま、馬 – [[Wt/sn/bhiza|bhiza]] (''uma'') * ひつじ、羊 – [[Wt/sn/hwai|hwai]] (''hitsuji'') * さる、猿 – [[Wt/sn/tsoko|tsoko]] (''saru'') * ねずみ、鼠 – [[Wt/sn/mbeva|mbeva]], [[Wt/sn/gonzo|gonzo]] (''nezumi'') * とら、虎 – [[Wt/sn/ingwe|ingwe]] (''tora'') * オオカミ、狼 – [[Wt/sn/bhumi|bhumi]] (''ōkami'') * うさぎ、兎 – [[Wt/sn/tsuro|tsuro]] (''usagi'') * りゅう、たつ、竜 – [[Wt/sn/joka|joka]], [[Wt/sn/rijoka|rijoka]] (''ryū'', ''tatsu'') * しか、鹿 – [[Wt/sn/nhondo|nhondo]] (''shika'') * かえる、蛙 – [[Wt/sn/datya|datya]], [[Wt/sn/dahwa|dahwa]] (''kaeru'') * がま、蟇 – [[Wt/sn/chura|chura]], [[Wt/sn/dafi|dafi]] (''gama'') * しし、獅子 – [[Wt/sn/shumba|shumba]] (''shishi'') * キリン、麒麟 – [[Wt/sn/twiza|twiza]], [[Wt/sn/furiramudenga|furiramudenga]] (''kirin'') * ぞう、象 – [[Wt/sn/nzou|nzou]], [[Wt/sn/zhou|zhou]] (''zō'') * とり、鳥 – [[Wt/sn/shiri|shiri]] (''tori'') * にわとり、鶏 – [[Wt/sn/huku|huku]] (''niwatori'') * すずめ、雀 – [[Wt/sn/ngozha|ngozha]] (''suzume'') * からす、烏 – [[Wt/sn/gunguwo|gunguwo]], [[Wt/sn/chikunguobaya|chikunguobaya]]/[[Wt/sn/mugohore|mugohore]] (''karasu'') * わし、鷲 – [[Wt/sn/chapungu|chapungu]] (''washi'') * たか、鷹 – [[Wt/sn/rukodzi|rukodzi]]/[[Wt/sn/godzi|godzi]], [[Wt/sn/ruvango|ruvango]] (''taka'') * さかな、魚 – [[Wt/sn/hove|hove]] (''sakana'') * たい、鯛 – [[Wt/sn/ẋakachwa|ẋakachwa]]/red snapper fish (''tai'') * えび、海老 – [[Wt/sn/mukamba|mukamba]], [[Wt/sn/kambashwari|kambashwari]] (''ebi'') * いわし、鰯 – [[Wt/sn/temba|temba]] (''iwashi'') * まぐろ、鮪 – [[Wt/sn/seu|seu]]/[[Wt/sn/sewu|sewu]] (Chifiji 'ia seu'/Chiswahili 'sehewa') (''maguro'') * かつお、鰹 – [[Wt/sn/katswo|katswo]] (''katsuo'') * さんま、秋刀魚 – [[Wt/sn/sanima|sanima]] (''sanma'') * あじ、鰺 – [[Wt/sn/chirambezi|chirambezi]]/horse mackerel (''aji'') * さば、鯖 – [[Wt/sn/vuna|vuna]]/[[Wt/sn/chivuna|chivuna]] (Chiswahiri 'una') (''saba'') * イカ、烏賊 – [[Wt/sn/ngishi|ngishi]] (Chiswahiri) (''ika'') * タコ、蛸、章魚 – [[Wt/sn/pweza|pweza]] (''tako'') * むし、虫 – [[Wt/sn/chipembenene|chipembenene]] (''mushi'') * ちょう、蝶 – [[Wt/sn/shaveshave|shaveshave]], [[Wt/sn/nharira|nharira]] (''chō'') * ガ、蛾 – [[Wt/sn/chikukuvere|chikukuvere]] (''ga'') * せみ、蝉 – [[Wt/sn/nyezhe|nyezhe]] (''semi'') * トンボ、蜻蛉 – [[Wt/sn/mukonikoni|mukonikoni]] (''tonbo'') * バッタ、飛蝗 – [[Wt/sn/hwiza|hwiza]], [[Wt/sn/gwata|gwata]] (''batta'') * クモ、蜘蛛 – [[Wt/sn/dzvatsvatsva|dzvatsvatsva]], [[Wt/sn/nyarutanda|nyarutanda]] (''kumo'') * ホタル、蛍 – [[Wt/sn/chitaitai|chitaitai]] (''hotaru'') * ハエ、蝿、蠅 – [[Wt/sn/nhunzi|nhunzi]] (''hae'') * カ、蚊 – [[Wt/sn/humhutu|humhutu]]/[[Wt/sn/utunga|utunga]], [[Wt/sn/unyunyu|unyunyu]] (''ka'') * ゴキブリ、蜚蠊 – [[Wt/sn/bete|bete]] (''gokiburi'') * カタツムリ、蝸牛 – [[Wt/sn/hozhwa|hozhwa]] (''katatsumuri'') * ナメクジ、蛞蝓 – [[Wt/sn/gonokono|gonokono]] (Chiswahiri 'konokono') (''namekuji'') * ミミズ、蚯蚓 – [[Wt/sn/honye|honye]] (''mimizu'') * かい、貝 – [[Wt/sn/kokohove|kokohove]] (''kai'') * かいがら、貝殻 – [[Wt/sn/rikoko|rikoko]] (''kaigara'') * トカゲ、蜥蜴 – [[Wt/sn/dzvinyu|dzvinyu]] (''tokage'') * へび、蛇 – [[Wt/sn/nyoka|nyoka]] (''hebi'') * くま、熊 – [[Wt/sn/bhee|bhee]] (''kuma'') ==== Madzinde ==== * しょくぶつ、植物 - [[Wt/sn/chisimwa|chisimwa]] (''shokubutsu'') * くさ、草 - [[Wt/sn/huswa|huswa]] (''kusa'') * はな、花 - [[Wt/sn/ruva|ruva]] (''hana'') * み、実 - [[Wt/sn/muchero|muchero]] (''mi'') * き、木 - [[Wt/sn/muti|muti]] (''ki'') * は、葉 (はっぱ、葉っぱ) - [[Wt/sn/shizha|shizha]] (''ha'', ''happa'') * ね、根 (ねっこ、根っ子) - [[Wt/sn/mudzi|mudzi]] (''ne'', ''nekko'') * くき、茎 - [[Wt/sn/dzinde|dzinde]] (''kuki'') * きのこ、茸 - [[Wt/sn/hova|hova]] (''kinoko'') * きく、菊 - [[svibvochori]] (''kiku'') * さくら、桜 - [[Wt/sn/zakura|zakura]] (''sakura'') * まつ、松 - [[Wt/sn/mutsingano|mutsingano]] (''matsu'') * うめ、梅 - [[Wt/sn/yome|yome]] (''ume'') ==== Zvirimwa ==== * こめ、米 – [[Wt/sn/mupunga|mupunga]] (''kome'') * いね、稲 – mupunga wakarimwa (''ine'') * むぎ、麦 – [[Wt/sn/gorosi|gorosi]], [[Wt/sn/bhari|bhari]]/[[Wt/sn/svenye|svenye]], [[Wt/sn/oti|oti]] (''mugi'') * やさい、野菜 – [[Wt/sn/muriwo|muriwo]] (''yasai'') * くだもの、果物 – [[Wt/sn/muchero|muchero]] (''kudamono'') * いも、芋 – [[Wt/sn/bura|bura]], [[Wt/sn/dapiri|dapiri]]/[[Wt/sn/mbatatisi|mbatatisi]], [[Wt/sn/dhumbe|dhumbe]] (''imo'') * まめ、豆 – [[Wt/sn/nyemba|nyemba]], [[Wt/sn/ndodzi|ndodzi]] (''mame'') * だいこん、大根 – Japanese white radish (''daikon'') * にんじん、人参 – [[Wt/sn/karoti|karoti]] (''ninjin'') * リンゴ、林檎 – [[Wt/sn/hapuro|hapuro]]/[[Wt/sn/nzana|nzana]] (''ringo'') * ミカン、蜜柑 – [[Wt/sn/mandarini|mandarini]] (''mikan'') * バナナ、かんしょう、甘蕉 – [[Wt/sn/figu|figu]]/[[Wt/sn/hobva|hobva]] (''banana'', ''kanshō'') * ナシ、梨 – [[Wt/sn/peya|peya]] (''nashi'') * クリ、栗 – chestnut tree (''kuri'') * モモ、桃 – [[Wt/sn/pichisi|pichisi]] (''momo'') * トマト、ばんか、蕃茄 – [[Wt/sn/buno|buno]]/[[Wt/sn/domasi|domasi]] (''tomato'', ''banka'') * スイカ、西瓜 – [[Wt/sn/vise|vise]]/[[Wt/sn/nwiwa|nwiwa]] (''suika'') === Chikafu === * たべもの、食べ物 - [[Wt/sn/chikafu|chikafu]]/[[Wt/sn/zvidyo|zvidyo]] (''tabemono'') * ちょうしょく、朝食 - [[Wt/sn/chisvusvuro|chisvusvuro]] (''chōshoku'', ''asagohan'') * ひるごはん、昼御飯 - [[Wt/sn/chidyo-chamasikati|chidyo-chamasikati]], [[Wt/sn/mbuvachisikati|mbuvachisikati]] (''hirugohan'') * ばんごはん、晩御飯 - [[Wt/sn/chidyo-chemhanheru|chidyo-chemanheru]], [[Wt/sn/mbuvamanhoko|mbuvamanhoko]] (''bangohan'') * ごはん、御飯 - mupunga wakabiwa kana mbuva (''gohan'') * みそ、味噌 - miso (''miso'') * りょうり、料理 - [[Wt/sn/kubika|kubika]] (''ryōri'') * サラダ - [[Wt/sn/saladhi|saladhi]] (''sarada'') * デザート - [[Wt/sn/dhizeti|dhizeti]] (''dezāto'') * パン - [[Wt/sn/chingwa|chingwa]] (''pan'') * サンドイッチ - [[Wt/sn/sangweji|sangweji]] (''sandoitchi'') * おやつ、間食 - [[Wt/sn/lumo|lumo]] (''oyatsu'', ''kanshoku'') * アイスクリーム - [[Wt/sn/aisikirimu|aisikirimu]]/[[Wt/sn/aizikirimu|aizikirimu]] (''aisukurīmu'') * たこやき、たこ焼き - pwezambafe/octopus dumpling (''takoyaki'') === Zvinwiwa === * のみもの、飲み物 - dhiringi/[[Wt/sn/chinwiwa|chinwiwa]] (''nomimono'') * ちゃ、茶 - [[Wt/sn/svutugadzike|svutugadzike]] (''cha'') * おちゃ、お茶 - svutugadzike tea (''ocha'') * コーヒー、珈琲 - [[Wt/sn/kofi|kofi]] (''kōhī'') * ぎゅうにゅう、牛乳 - [[Wt/sn/mukaka|mukaka]] (''gyūnyū'') * みず、水 - [[Wt/sn/mvura|mvura]], [[Wt/sn/madzi|madzi]] (''mizu'') * ビール - [[Wt/sn/doro|doro]] (''bīru'') * ワイン - [[Wt/sn/wayini|wayini]] (''wain'') === Zvirungo === * さとう、砂糖 - [[Wt/sn/tsvigiri|tsvigiri]]/[[Wt/sn/chokera|chokera]] (''satō'') * しお、塩 - [[Wt/sn/munyu|munyu]]/[[Wt/sn/dzai|dzai]] (''shio'') * しょうゆ、醤油 - soyasosi (''shōyu'') === Nguva === * じかん、時間 – [[Wt/sn/nguva|nguva]] (''jikan'') * とき、じ、時 – ~[[Wt/sn/rinhambo|rinhambo]] (''toki'', ''ji'') * こよみ、カレンダー、暦 – chengarikati/chivaranguva/karenda (''koyomi'', ''karendā'') * ふん、分 – [[Wt/sn/mhindi|mhindi]] (''fun'') * びょう、秒 – [[Wt/sn/chepiri|chepiri]] (''byō'') * ひ、にち、日 – [[Wt/sn/zuva|zuva]] (''hi'', ''nichi'') * つき、がつ、月 – [[Wt/sn/mwedzi|mwedzi]] (''tsuki'', ''gatsu'') * (''# -gatsu / (Ndira, "Mwedzimotsi" ): Ichi-,Ni-,San-,Shi-,Go-,Roku-,Shichi-,Hachi-,Ku-,Jyu-,JyuIchi-,JyuNi- (Zvita, "Mwedziguminembiri"'') * とし、ねん、年 – [[Wt/sn/gore|gore]], [[Wt/sn/makei|makei]]/[[Wt/sn/makodya|makodya]] (''toshi'', ''nen'') * (''Gorerapera: kyonen, nhaka/gorerino: kotoshi, goririnouya: rainen'') * きのう、さくじつ、昨日 – [[Wt/sn/nezuro|nezuro]] (''kinō'', ''sakujitsu'') * きょう、今日 – [[Wt/sn/nhasi|nhasi]]/[[Wt/sn/namusi|namusi]] (''kyō'') * あした、あす、みょうにち、明日 – [[Wt/sn/mangwana|mangwana]]/[[Wt/sn/hwedza|hwedza]] (''ashita'', ''asu'', ''myōnichi'') * あさ、朝 – [[Wt/sn/kuseni|kuseni]]/[[Wt/sn/mangwanani|mangwanani]] (''asa'') * (''Zuro makuseni: kinou no asa, mwanganani ano: kesa, mwangwana kuseni: ashita no asa'') * ひる、昼 – [[Wt/sn/masikati|masikati]] (''hiru'') * ゆうがた、夕方 – [[Wt/sn/madeukira|madeukira]]/manhoko (''yūgata'') * ばん、晩 – [[Wt/sn/madeko|madeko]] (''ban'') * よる、夜 – [[Wt/sn/manheru|manheru]], [[Wt/sn/usiku|usiku]] (''yoru'') * ようび、曜日 – ~zuva/musi (''yōbi'') * しゅう、週 – [[Wt/sn/vhiki|vhiki]]/[[Wt/sn/svondo|svondo]] (''shū'') * (Svondo rapera ''week: senshū, svondorino: konshū, svondorouya: raishū'') * いっしゅうかん、一週間 – svondo rimwe/vhiki rimwe (''isshūkan'') === Misi yesvondo (karenda ye Gregori) === * にちようび、日曜日 – [[Wt/sn/Svondo|Svondo]]/[[Wt/sn/Chisi|Chisi]] (''nichi-yōbi'') * げつようび、月曜日 – [[Wt/sn/Muvhuro|Muvhuro]] (''getsu-yōbi'') * かようび、火曜日 – [[Wt/sn/Chipiri|Chipiri]] (''ka-yōbi'') * すいようび、水曜日 – [[Wt/sn/Chitatu|Chitatu]](''sui-yōbi'') * もくようび、木曜日 – [[Wt/sn/China|China]] (''moku-yōbi'') * きんようび、金曜日 – [[Wt/sn/Chishanu|Chishanu]] (''kin-yōbi'') * どようび、土曜日 – [[Wt/sn/Mugovera|Mugovera]]/[[Wt/sn/Chitanhatu|Chitanhatu]] (''do-yōbi'') === Hwehwa === * たいよう、太陽 – [[Wt/sn/zuva|zuva]] (''taiyō'') * つき、月 – [[Wt/sn/mwedzi|mwedzi]] (''tsuki'') * ほし、星 – [[Wt/sn/nyeredzi|nyeredzi]] (''hoshi'') * てんき、天気 – [[Wt/sn/hwehwa|hwehwa]]/[[Wt/sn/hwewa|hwewa]] (''tenki'') * はれ、晴れ – hwehwamene/hwehwa wakanaka (''hare'') * あめ、雨 – [[Wt/sn/mvura|mvura]]/[[Wt/sn/chinaya|chinaya]] (''ame'') * くもり、曇り – cloudy (''kumori'') * ゆき、雪 – snow (''yuki'') * かぜ、風 – [[Wt/sn/mhepo|mhepo]] (''kaze'') * かみなり、雷 – [[Wt/sn/bhanan'ana|bhanan'ana]], [[Wt/sn/mheni|mheni]] (''kaminari'') * たいふう、台風 – taifunu (''taifū'') * あらし、嵐 – dutu/mututu (''arashi'') * そら、空 – [[Wt/sn/denga|denga]] (''sora'') === Directions and positions === * きた、北 – north (''kita'') * ひがし、東 – east (''higashi'') * みなみ、南 – south (''minami'') * にし、西 – west (''nishi'') * ここ – here (''koko'') * そこ – there (''soko'') * あそこ – over there (''asoko'') * みぎ、右 – right (''migi'') * ひだり、左 – left (''hidari'') * うえ、上 – above, up (''ue'') * した、下 – below, down (''shita'') * まえ、前 – front (''mae'') * うしろ、後 – behind (''ushiro'') * むこう、向こう – the other side, opposite side (''mukō'') * ななめ、斜め – diagonal (''naname'') * てまえ、手前 – nearer, more in front (''temae'') * とおい、遠い – far (''tooi'') * ちかい、近い – near, close (''chikai'') === Materials === [edit] * みず、水 – water (''mizu'') * ゆ、湯 – hot water (''yu'') * こおり、氷 – ice (''kōri'') * ゆげ、湯気 – steam (''yuge'') * ひ、火 – fire (''hi'') * ガス – gas (''gasu'') * くうき、空気 – air, atmosphere (''kūki'') * つち、土 – earth, ground (''tsuchi'') * きんぞく、金属 – metal, metallic (''kinzoku'') * どろ、泥 – mud, mire, clay, plaster (''doro'') * けむり、煙 – smoke, tobacco, opium (''kemuri'') * てつ、鉄 – iron [Fe] (''tetsu'') * どう、銅 – copper [Cu] (''dō'') * きん、金 – gold [Au]; money (''kin'') * ぎん、銀 – silver [Ag]; wealth (''gin'') * なまり、鉛 – lead [Pb] (''namari'') * しお、塩 – salt [NaCl] (''shio'') === Weights and measures === [edit] * メートル – meter (''mētoru'') * リットル – litre (''rittoru'') * グラム – gram (''guramu'') * キロ – kilo- (''kiro'') * ミリ – milli- (''miri'') * センチメートル、センチ – centimeter (''senchi'') * インチ – inch (''inchi'') === Society === [edit] * しゃかい、社会 – society (''shakai'') * けいざい、経済 – economy, economics (''keizai'') * かいしゃ、会社 – company (''kaisha'') * かいぎ、会議 – meeting (''kaigi'') * がっこう、学校 – school (''gakkō'') * やくしょ、役所 – local government office (''yakusho'') * みせ、店 – store (''mise'') * ホテル – hotel (''hoteru'') * こうじょう、工場 – factory (''kōjō'') * かね、金 – money (''kane'', most commonly ''o-kane'') * さつ、札 – bill [of money, e.g., a thousand-yen bill] (''satsu'') * こぜに、小銭 – small change (''kozeni'') * つりせん、釣り銭、おつり、お釣り – change (''tsurisen''), change (''o-tsuri'') * じどうはんばいき、自動販売機 – vending machine, slot machine (''jidōhanbaiki'') * きっぷ、切符 – ticket (''public transport, fine'') (''kippu'') * きって、切手 – stamp (''kitte'') === Human made objects === [edit] ==== Home ==== [edit] * つくえ、机 – desk (''tsukue'') * いす、椅子 – chair, position (''isu'') * たたみ、畳 – a tatami mat (''tatami'') * と、戸 – door, family (''to'') * とびら、扉 – door panel (''tobira'') * ドア – door (''doa'') * まど、窓 – window (''mado'') * ふとん、布団 – futon (''futon'') * げんかん、玄関 – entrance (''genkan'') * いえ、家 – house, home (''ie'') * エレベーター – elevator (''erebētā'') * エスカレーター – escalator (''esukarētā'') * でんき、電気 – electricity (''denki'') ==== Tools ==== [edit] * くぎ、釘 – nail, spike (''kugi'') * ひも、紐 – string, cord (''himo'') * なわ、縄 – rope, string (''nawa'') * ふくろ、袋 – pocket, bag (''fukuro'') * かばん、鞄 – leather bag (''kaban'') * かさ、傘 – umbrella, parasol (''kasa'') * かぎ、鍵 – door bolt, key (''kagi'') * ちょうこく、彫刻 – sculpture, engraving (''chōkoku'') ==== Stationery ==== [edit] * ぶんぼうぐ、文房具 – stationery ​(''bunbōgu'') * インク – ink (''inku'') * ペン – pen (''pen'') * ボールペン – ball-point pen (''bōrupen'') * まんねんひつ、万年筆 – fountain pen (''mannenhitsu'') * えんぴつ、鉛筆 – pencil (''enpitsu'') * ふで、筆 – brush for writing or painting (''fude'') * チョーク – chalk (''chōku'') * けしゴム、消しゴム – eraser (''keshigomu'') * えんぴつけずり、鉛筆削り – pencil sharpener (''enpitsu-kezuri'') * じょうぎ、定規 – ruler (''jōgi'') * ノート – notebook (''nōto'') * にっき、日記 – diary (''nikki'') * カバー – book cover (''kabā'') * ふうとう、封筒 – envelope (''fūtō'') * はさみ、鋏 – scissors (''hasami'') * ホッチキス – stapler (''hotchikisu'') ==== Clothes ==== [edit] * ふく、服 – clothes (''fuku'') * ようふく、洋服 – western clothing (''yōfuku'') * きもの、着物 – kimono (''kimono'') * わふく、和服 – Japanese clothing (''wafuku'') * そで、袖 – sleeve (''sode'') * えり、襟 – lapel, collar (''eri'') * ボタン – button (''botan'') * チャック、ファスナー、ジッパー – zipper, zipper fastener (''chakku, fasunā, jippā'') * ベルト – belt (''beruto'') * くつ、靴 – shoe (''kutsu'') * くつした、靴下 – sock (''kutsushita'') * めがね、眼鏡 – glasses (''megane'') ==== Transport ==== [edit] * てつどう、鉄道 – railway (''tetsudō'') * えき、駅 – station (''eki'') * ひこうき、飛行機 – airplane (''hikōki'') * くうこう、空港 （ひこうじょう、飛行場） – airport (''kūkō'', ''hikōjō'') * みち、道 – street, way, road (''michi'') * どうろ、道路 – road (''dōro'') * バスてい、バス停 – bus-stop (''basutei'') * とおり、通り – avenue (''tōri'') * でんしゃ、電車 – train (''densha'') * くるま、車 (じどうしゃ、自動車) – car (''kuruma'', ''jidōsha'') * じてんしゃ、自転車 –　bicycle (''Jitensha'') === Language === [edit] * もじ、文字 – letter, character, script (''moji'') * じ、字 – a letter, character (''ji'') * かんじ、漢字 – Chinese character (''kanji'') * ひらがな、平仮名 – hiragana syllabary characters (''hiragana'') * カタカナ、片仮名 – katakana syllabary characters (''katakana'') * すうじ、数字 – numbers (''sūji'') * アルファベット – alphabet (''arufabetto'') * ローマ字 – Roman characters, Latin script (''rōmaji'') * がいこくご、外国語 – foreign language (''gaikokugo'') * にほんご、日本語 （こくご、国語） – Japanese [language] (''nihongo'') * えいご、英語 – English [language] (''eigo'') * ちゅうごくご、中国語 – Chinese [language] (''chūgokugo'') * どいつご、ドイツ語 – German [language] (''doitsugo'') * すぺいんご、スペイン語 – Spanish [language] (''supeingo'') * ふらんすご、フランス語 – French [language] (''furansugo'') * ちょうせんご、朝鮮語、かんこくご、韓国語 – Korean [language], South Korean [language] (''chōsengo'', ''kankokugo'') === Media === [edit] * ほん、本 – book (''hon'') * かみ、紙 – paper (''kami'') * てがみ、手紙 – letter (''tegami'') * しんぶん、新聞 – newspaper (''shinbun'') * じしょ、辞書 – dictionary (''jisho'') * パソコン – personal computer (''pasokon'') === Colors === [edit] * いろ、色 – color (''iro'', ''shikisai'') * あか、赤 – red (''aka'') * きいろ、黄色 – yellow (''kiiro'') * みどり、緑 – green (''midori'') * あお、青 – blue (''ao'') * むらさき、紫 – purple (''murasaki'', ''murasakiiro'') * しろ、白 – white (''shiro'') * くろ、黒 – black (''kuro'') * ピンク – pink (''pinku'') * ちゃいろ、茶色 – brown (''chairo'') * はいいろ、灰色、ねずみいろ、鼠色 – grey (''haiiro'', ''nezumiiro'') * オレンジ – orange (''orenji'') === Others === [edit] * え、絵 – picture (''e'') * おんがく、音楽 – music (''ongaku'') * りか、理科 – science (''rika'') * さんすう、算数 – arithmetic (''sansū'') * れきし、歴史 – history (''rekishi'') * ちり、地理 – geography (''chiri'') * たいいく、体育 – physical education (''taiiku'') * スポーツ – sport (''supōtsu'') * システム – system (''shisutemu'') * じょうほう、情報 – information, news (''jōhō'') * ひつよう、必要 – necessity (''hitsuyō'') * べんきょう、勉強 – study (''benkyō'') * いらい、依頼 – request (''irai'') === Numbers === [edit] * れい、ゼロ、零 – zero (''rei, zero'') * いち、一 – one (''ichi'') * に、二 – two (''ni'') * さん、三 – three (''san'') * よん、し、四 – four (''yon'', ''shi'') * ご、五 – five (''go'') * ろく、六 – six (''roku'') * なな、しち、七 – seven (''nana'', ''shichi'') * はち、八 – eight (''hachi'') * きゅう、く、九 – nine (''kyū'', ''ku'') * じゅう、十 – ten (''jū'') * ひゃく、百 – hundred (''hyaku'') * せん、千 – thousand (''sen'') * まん、万 – ten thousand (''man'') * おく、億 – one hundred million (''oku'') * ひとつ、一つ – one, one thing (''hitotsu'') * ふたつ、二つ – two, two things (''futatsu'') * みっつ、三つ – three, three things (''mittsu'') * よっつ、四つ – four, four things (''yottsu'') * いつつ、五つ – five, five things (''itsutsu'') * むっつ、六つ – six, six things (''muttsu'') * ななつ、七つ – seven, seven things (''nanatsu'') * やっつ、八つ – eight, eight things (''yattsu'') * ここのつ、九つ – nine, nine things (''kokonotsu'') * とお、十 – ten, ten things (''tō'') === Abstract nouns === [edit] * これ – this, it (''kore'') * それ – that (''sore'') * あれ – that over there (''are'') * どれ – which (''dore'') * こちら、こっち – this direction, thing, person, or place (''kochira'', ''kocchi'') * そちら、そっち – that direction, thing, person, or place (''sochira'', ''socchi'') * あちら、あっち – that direction, thing, person, or place over there (''achira'', ''acchi'') * どちら、どっち – which direction, thing, person, or place (''dochira'', ''docchi'') * ひみつ、秘密 – secret (''himitsu'') * じどう、自動 – automatic (''jidō'') * ないよう、内容 – content (''naiyō'') * はば、幅 – width, breadth, free room, difference (between two substances) (''haba'') * せいしき、正式 – formality (''seishiki'') * けっこん、結婚 – marriage (''kekkon'') * げんざい、現在 – now (''genzai'') * いま、今 – now (''ima'') * かこ、過去 – past (''kako'') * みらい、未来 – future (''mirai'') == Adjectives == [edit] === Forms === [edit] * いい、よい、良い – good (''ii'', ''yoi'') * すごい、凄い – amazing (''sugoi'') * すばらしい、素晴らしい – wonderful (''subarashii'') * わるい、悪い – bad, inferior (''warui'') * たかい、高い – expensive, high (''takai'') * ひくい、低い – low (''hikui'') * やすい、安い – cheap (''yasui'') * おおきい、大きい – big (''ōkii'') * ちいさい、小さい – small (''chiisai'') * ほそい、細い – thin (''hosoi'') * ふとい、太い – thick (''futoi'') * ふるい、古い – old (''furui'') * あたらしい、新しい – new (''atarashii'') * わかい、若い – young (''wakai'') * かるい、軽い – light, easy (''karui'') * おもい、重い – heavy (''omoi'') * やさしい、易しい – easy, simple (''yasashii'') * むずかしい、難しい – difficult (''muzukashii'') * やわらかい、柔らかい – soft (''yawarakai'') * かたい、硬い、堅い – hard (''katai'') * あつい、熱い、暑い – hot (''atsui'') * つめたい、冷たい – cold (''tsumetai'') * さむい、寒い – cold (''samui'') as in cold weather * おいしい、美味しい – delicious (''oishii'') * うまい、美味い、旨い – delicious, appetizing (''umai'') * まずい、不味い – tastes awful (''mazui'') * あまい、甘い – sweet (''amai'') * からい、辛い – hot [spicy] (''karai'') * しょっぱい、塩っぱい – salty (''shoppai'') * にがい、苦い – bitter (''nigai'') * うつくしい、美しい – beautiful (''utsukushii'') === Feelings === [edit] * うれしい、嬉しい – happy (''ureshii'') * たのしい、楽しい – fun (''tanoshii'') * かなしい、悲しい – sad (''kanashii'') * さびしい、寂しい、淋しい – lonely (''sabishii'') * さみしい、寂しい、淋しい - sad, lonely (''samishii'') * こわい、怖い、恐い – scary (''kowai'') * いたい、痛い – painful (''itai'') * かゆい、痒い – itchy (''kayui'') * くさい、臭い – stinky (''kusai'') * つらい、辛い – painful, heart-breaking (''tsurai'') == Verbs == [edit] * する – to do (''suru'') * やる – to do (''yaru'') === Existence === [edit] * いる – to exist [for animate objects] (''iru'') * ある – to exist [for inanimate objects] (''aru'') * なる – to become (''naru'') * おこる、起こる、興る – to occur (''okoru'') * あらわれる、現れる – to appear (''arawareru'') * いきる、生きる – to live (''ikiru'') * うむ、生む、産む – to give birth (''umu'') * しぬ、死ぬ – to die (''shinu'') * こわれる、壊れる – to breakⁱⁿ (''kowareru'') : ⁱⁿ intransitive sense === Movement === [edit] * いく、行く – to go (''iku'') * くる、来る – to come (''kuru'') * かえる、帰る、返る – to return (''kaeru'') * あるく、歩く – to walk (''aruku'') * とぶ、飛ぶ – to jump, to fly (''tobu'') * およぐ、泳ぐ – to swim (''oyogu'') === Actions === [edit] * うごく、動く – to moveⁱⁿ (''ugoku'') * おどる、踊る – to dance (''odoru'') * ねる、寝る – to sleep (''neru'') * うたう、歌う – to sing (''utau'') * かむ、噛む – to bite (''kamu'') * たべる、食べる – to eat (''taberu'') * のむ、飲む – to drink (''nomu'') * さわる、触る – to touch (''sawaru'') * なげる、投げる – to throw (''nageru'') * もつ、持つ – to hold (''motsu'') * うつ、打つ – to hit, to strike (''utsu'') * なぐる、殴る – to hit, to strike (''naguru'') * さす、指す – to point (''sasu'') * さす、刺す – to stab (''sasu'') * さす、差す – to raise or extend one's hands (''sasu'') * ける、蹴る – to kick (''keru'') * すわる、座る – to sit (''suwaru'') * たつ、立つ – to stand (''tatsu'') * はしる、走る – to run (''hashiru'') === Changes of state === [edit] * あく、空く – to become unoccupied (''aku'') * こむ、込む – to be crowded (''komu'') * いる、要る – to need (''iru'') * かわく、乾く – to become dry (''kawaku'') * みだす、乱す - to disturb, to disarrange (''midasu'') * みだれる、乱れる - to be disturbed, to become confused (''midareru'') * つかえる、仕える - to serve, to work for (''tsukaeru'') * そなわる、備わる - to be furnished with (''sonawaru'') * すぐれる、優れる - to excel, to surpass (''sugureru'') * ひえる、冷える - to grow cold, to get chilly, to cool down (''hieru'') * さめる、覚める - to wake, to become sober, to be disillusioned (''sameru'') * さめる、冷める - to cool down (''sameru'') * むく、向く - to face, to turn toward (''muku'') * たおれる、倒れる - to fall, to collapse (''taoreru'') * かたまる、固まる - to harden, to solidify, to become firm (''katamaru'') * うまる、埋まる - to be filled, to be surrounded, to overflow (''umaru'') * うもれる、埋もれる - to be buried, to be covered (''umoreru'') * ます、増す - to increase, to grow (''masu'') * ふえる、増える - to increase, to multiply (''fueru'') * へる、減る - to decrease (''heru'') * はずれる、外れる - to deviate (''hazureru'') * ふとる、太る - to grow fat (''futoru'') * はじまる、始まる - to begin (''hajimaru'') * おわる、終わる - to finish, to close (''owaru'') * きめる、決める - to decide (''kimeru'') === Senses === [edit] * みる、見る – to see (''miru'') * きく、聞く、聴く – to hear, to listen (''kiku'') * さわる、触る – to touch, to feel (''sawaru'') * かぐ、嗅ぐ – to smell (''kagu'') === Speech === [edit] * いう、言う – to say (''iu'') * はなす、話す – to speak (''hanasu'') * かたる、語る – to tell (''kataru'') * かく、書く – to write (''kaku'') * よむ、読む – to read (''yomu'') === Work === [edit] * つかう、使う – to use (''tsukau'') * つくる、作る、造る、創る – to make (''tsukuru'') * なおす、直す、治す – to fix, repair (''naosu'') * すてる、捨てる – to discard, throw away (''suteru'') * とる、取る、撮る、採る – to take (''toru'') * おく、置く – to put (''oku'') === Emotions === [edit] * かなしむ、悲しむ、哀しむ – to be sad (''kanashimu'') * なく、泣く – to cry (''naku'') * わらう、笑う – to laugh (''warau'') * おこる、怒る – to be angry (''okoru'') * ほめる、褒める – to encourage (''homeru'') * しかる、叱る – to scold (''shikaru'') * よろこぶ、喜ぶ – to celebrate, to be jubilant, to have joy, to have delight, to have rapture (''yorokobu'') * よろこび、喜び – joy, delight, rapture (''yorokobi'') * なぐさめる、慰める – to console, to consolate, to provide empathy (''nagusameru'') * あきる、飽きる – to be disinterested, to be bored, to be tired of, to be weary (''akiru'') * おどろく、驚く – to be astonished, to be surprised, to be scared (''odoroku'') === Activities === [edit] * あう、会う – to meet, to interview (''au'') * あける、開ける – to open^tr, to unwrap^tr (''akeru'') * あそぶ、遊ぶ – to play (''asobu'') * あつまる、集まる – to gatherⁱⁿ (''atsumaru'') * うる、売る – to sell (''uru'') * える、得る – to obtain [some benefit or knowledge] (''eru'') * おる、折る – to break^tr, to fold^tr (''oru'') * かう、買う – to buy (''kau'') * きる、切る – to cut (''kiru'')^† * きる、着る – to wear [on the upper body] (''kiru'') * はく、履く – to wear [on the lower body] (''haku'') * かえる、変える – to change^tr (''kaeru'') * かえる、代える – to exchange, to substitute, to replace (''kaeru'') * しめる、閉める – to close^tr (''shimeru'') * しめる、締める – to tie, to fasten (''shimeru'') * しめる、占める – to comprise, to account for (''shimeru'') * しる、知る – to know (''shiru'')^† * つかれる、疲れる – to get tired (''tsukareru'') * でかける、出掛ける – to go out, to depart (''dekakeru'') * はたらく、働く – to work [e.g., at a job] (''hataraku'') * はなす、放す、離す – to let go of (''hanasu'') * やすむ、休む – to rest, to take a break, to go to bed (''yasumu'') * わかれる、分かれる – to split intoⁱⁿ, to be divided (''wakareru'') * わかれる、別れる – to partⁱⁿ, to separateⁱⁿ, to break upⁱⁿ (''wakareru'') : ^tr transitive sense : ⁱⁿ intransitive sense : ^† conjugates as a ''u''-verb == Adverbs == [edit] * もう – already (''mō'') * まだ – still, yet (''mada'') * ずっと – always (''zutto'') * とても – very (''totemo'') * こう – like this (''kō'') * そう – like that (''sō'') * ああ – in that other way (''ā'') * どう – how (''dō'') * しばしば – often (''shibashiba'') == Pre-noun adjectival == [edit] * この – this (''kono'') * その – that (''sono'') * あの – that (''ano'') * どの – which (''dono'') == Interjections == [edit] * はい – yes (''hai'') * いいえ – no (''iie'') == Conjunctions == [edit] * でも - but (''demo'') * しかし – but, however (''shikashi'') * そして – and then, Then… (''soshite'') * それに – besides (''soreni'') * なぜなら – that is because, being because (''nazenara'') == Terminations of verbs == [edit] * う、よう – volitional ending [う for ''u''-verbs, よう for ''ru''-verbs]: "Let's…" or "I will" (''u'', ''yō'') * せる、させる – causative ending [せる for ''u''-verbs, させる for ''ru''-verbs]: to make [someone do something], to allow (''seru'', ''saseru'') * れる、られる – passive verb ending [れる for ''u''-verbs, られる for ''ru''-verbs]: to be <verbed> [e.g., 食べられる, "to be eaten"] (''reru'', ''rareru'') * そうだ – indicates that it ''seems'' the verb occurs [e.g., "It seems he ate"] (''sōda'') * た – informal past-tense (''ta'') * たい – indicates desire to perform verb (''tai'') * だろう – indicates that it ''seems'' the verb occurs; also used to ask whether the verb occurs (''darō'') * ない、ん – informal negative (''nai'', ''n'') [ん is a slurred version and sounds a little masculine] * ぬ – archaic informal negative ["he hath", "thou didst", etc.] (''nu'') * ます – formal non-past ending (''masu'') == Particles == [edit] === Case === [edit] * が – subject marker, but (''ga'') * で – at, by (''de'') * と – and, with (''to'') * に – indirect object marker (''ni'') * の – possession marker, of (''no'') * へ – to (''e'') [Note: へ is normally read ''he'', but when used as this particle its reading changes to ''e''] * まで – to (''made'') * から – from (''kara'') * より – than (''yori'') * を – direct object marker (''o'') === Conjunctive === [edit] * および、及び – and; as well as (''oyobi'') * か – whether (''ka'') * かも – might be, possible that (''kamo'') * そして – and then (''sosh<s>i</s>te'') * それとも – or (''soretomo'') * だの – things like <list of things>, including, such things as (''dano'') * つつ – ongoing occurrence (''tsutsu'') [similar to ながら but has different tone, and both actions have equal weight] * て – ''te'' form of verb or adjective [see explanation] * と – when, if, that (''to'') * ながら – while, though, both (''nagara'') * ならびに – as well as (''narabini'') * なり – whether or not (''nari'') * に – to <somewhere>, by <someone> (''ni'') * の – possession (''no'') * ので – so (''node'') * また、又 – also, again (''mata'') * または、又は – or alternatively (''matawa'') * も – also, too (''mo'') * や – and (''ya'') === Final === [edit] * ね – emphasis and question marker, equivalent to "right?" (''ne'') * か – question marker (''ka'') * な – the copula particle used after quasi-adjectives (''na'') * かしら – I wonder (''kashira'') * さ – -ness (''sa'') * っけ – particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information ["What class is next ''-kke''?"] (''-kke'') === Adverbial === [edit] * こそ – emphasis (''koso'') * さえ – even (''sae'') * しか – only (''shika'') * すら – even (''sura'') * くらい、ぐらい – approximately, about (''kurai'') * だけ – only, as much as (''dake'') * だって – however (''datte'') * ったら – casual topic marker (''ttara'') [colloquial form of ''to ittara'' (if you refer to ~; as for ~) * って – said that (''tte'') * でも – also, or (''demo'') * どころ – (''particle used to indicate that what precedes it is an extreme example and strongly negates it'') (''dokoro'') * など – for example (''nado'') * なら – if [for verbs]; subject marker [for nouns] (''nara'') * なんか – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (''nanka'') * なんて – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (''nante'') * は – topic marker (''wa'') [although ''ha'' is the hiragana used, ''wa'' is the pronunciation) * ばかり、ばっかり – just, full of, only (''bakari'') * まで – until (''made'') * も – too, also (''mo'') [[Category:Wt/sn]] [[Category:Madorongodzwa emashoko ekutanga emitauro]] [[Category:Zviwedzerwa zve Chijapani]] hq0hfqoi6155q4fkeampezzisvmxjvv 0 3608830 6685361 2025-06-13T16:01:03Z Mirlim 2598865 Created page with "[[File:Suraumerbok.jpg|thumb|Bala soh di [[Wp/mfa/Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Merbók|MRSM Merbók]], [[Wp/mfa/Kedoh|Kedoh]]]] '''Bala soh''' ({{Wp/mfa/Langx|ms|surau}})<ref>{{Wp/mfa/Cite thesis |last1=Joll |first1=C. M. |last2= |first2= |year=2009 |title=WHAT MUSLIMS IN CABANGTIGA MEAN BY MERIT: MERIT MAKING RHETORIC, ISLAMIC DISCOURSE AND THE THAI MILIEU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chris-Joll/publication/280564644_What_Muslims_in_Cabangtiga_Mean_by_Merit_Me..." 6685361 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Suraumerbok.jpg|thumb|Bala soh di [[Wp/mfa/Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Merbók|MRSM Merbók]], [[Wp/mfa/Kedoh|Kedoh]]]] '''Bala soh''' ({{Wp/mfa/Langx|ms|surau}})<ref>{{Wp/mfa/Cite thesis |last1=Joll |first1=C. M. |last2= |first2= |year=2009 |title=WHAT MUSLIMS IN CABANGTIGA MEAN BY MERIT: MERIT MAKING RHETORIC, ISLAMIC DISCOURSE AND THE THAI MILIEU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chris-Joll/publication/280564644_What_Muslims_in_Cabangtiga_Mean_by_Merit_Merit-making_Rhetoric_Islamic_Discourse_and_the_Thai_Milieu/links/55e95d4008ae3e121843a317/What-Muslims-in-Cabangtiga-Mean-by-Merit-Merit-making-Rhetoric-Islamic-Discourse-and-the-Thai-Milieu.pdf#page=308 |journal= |volume= |issue= |publisher= |page=308 |doi= |access-date=}}</ref> ni so bangune di [[Wp/mfa/Smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu|smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu]] nga pula [[Wp/mfa/Sumatero|Sumatero]] hok mano tepak ore [[Wp/mfa/Isle|Isle]] bripóng nok bribadak nga krijo-krijo agamo. Skalo bala soh ni nok srupo doh nga [[Wp/mfa/Mesejék|mesejék]], tapi yo lagi kecik. Ssemo jate ttino buléh masók, pah buléh wak krijo hok kkaék nga agamo de jugok mejeléh rrayo. Nok beno bala soh ni keno ado spakak denge sumbenge dari masyarakak stepak. ==Istiloh== Pekatoe '''bala soh''' asa dari pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|balai}} denge pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Arak|Arak]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ar|صاف}}, (ore sebók yo '''soh''', bandéng nga [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|saf}}) buwi makno tepak [[Wp/mfa/Smaye|smaye]] hok mano smaye ni skalo keno buwak dale soh jemooh hok luruh nga rapak. ==Rujukke== {{Wp/mfa/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/mfa]] 92viqfx5c12qipwa2767qo4rnrx5ii1 6685364 6685361 2025-06-13T16:01:54Z Mirlim 2598865 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q15051389]] 6685364 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Suraumerbok.jpg|thumb|Bala soh di [[Wp/mfa/Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Merbók|MRSM Merbók]], [[Wp/mfa/Kedoh|Kedoh]]]] '''Bala soh''' ({{Wp/mfa/Langx|ms|surau}})<ref>{{Wp/mfa/Cite thesis |last1=Joll |first1=C. M. |last2= |first2= |year=2009 |title=WHAT MUSLIMS IN CABANGTIGA MEAN BY MERIT: MERIT MAKING RHETORIC, ISLAMIC DISCOURSE AND THE THAI MILIEU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chris-Joll/publication/280564644_What_Muslims_in_Cabangtiga_Mean_by_Merit_Merit-making_Rhetoric_Islamic_Discourse_and_the_Thai_Milieu/links/55e95d4008ae3e121843a317/What-Muslims-in-Cabangtiga-Mean-by-Merit-Merit-making-Rhetoric-Islamic-Discourse-and-the-Thai-Milieu.pdf#page=308 |journal= |volume= |issue= |publisher= |page=308 |doi= |access-date=}}</ref> ni so bangune di [[Wp/mfa/Smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu|smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu]] nga pula [[Wp/mfa/Sumatero|Sumatero]] hok mano tepak ore [[Wp/mfa/Isle|Isle]] bripóng nok bribadak nga krijo-krijo agamo. Skalo bala soh ni nok srupo doh nga [[Wp/mfa/Mesejék|mesejék]], tapi yo lagi kecik. Ssemo jate ttino buléh masók, pah buléh wak krijo hok kkaék nga agamo de jugok mejeléh rrayo. Nok beno bala soh ni keno ado spakak denge sumbenge dari masyarakak stepak. ==Istiloh== Pekatoe '''bala soh''' asa dari pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|balai}} denge pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Arak|Arak]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ar|صاف}}, (ore sebók yo '''soh''', bandéng nga [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|saf}}) buwi makno tepak [[Wp/mfa/Smaye|smaye]] hok mano smaye ni skalo keno buwak dale soh jemooh hok luruh nga rapak. ==Rujukke== {{Wp/mfa/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/mfa]] {{INTERWIKI|Q15051389}} 6vyn76cldge3o684vke6taa5brv1pw3 6685771 6685364 2025-06-14T01:31:56Z Mirlim 2598865 6685771 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Suraumerbok.jpg|thumb|Bala soh di [[Wp/mfa/Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Merbók|MRSM Merbók]], [[Wp/mfa/Kedoh|Kedoh]]]] '''Bala soh''' ({{Wp/mfa/Langx|ms|surau}})<ref>{{Wp/mfa/Cite thesis |last1=Joll |first1=C. M. |last2= |first2= |year=2009 |title=WHAT MUSLIMS IN CABANGTIGA MEAN BY MERIT: MERIT MAKING RHETORIC, ISLAMIC DISCOURSE AND THE THAI MILIEU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chris-Joll/publication/280564644_What_Muslims_in_Cabangtiga_Mean_by_Merit_Merit-making_Rhetoric_Islamic_Discourse_and_the_Thai_Milieu/links/55e95d4008ae3e121843a317/What-Muslims-in-Cabangtiga-Mean-by-Merit-Merit-making-Rhetoric-Islamic-Discourse-and-the-Thai-Milieu.pdf#page=325 |journal= |volume= |issue= |publisher= |page=308 |doi= |access-date=}}</ref> ni so bangune di [[Wp/mfa/Smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu|smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu]] nga pula [[Wp/mfa/Sumatero|Sumatero]] hok mano tepak ore [[Wp/mfa/Isle|Isle]] bripóng nok bribadak nga krijo-krijo agamo. Skalo bala soh ni nok srupo doh nga [[Wp/mfa/Mesejék|mesejék]], tapi yo lagi kecik. Ssemo jate ttino buléh masók, pah buléh wak krijo hok kkaék nga agamo de jugok mejeléh rrayo. Nok beno bala soh ni keno ado spakak denge sumbenge dari masyarakak stepak. ==Istiloh== Pekatoe '''bala soh''' asa dari pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|balai}} denge pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Arak|Arak]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ar|صاف}}, (ore sebók yo '''soh''', bandéng nga [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|saf}}) buwi makno tepak [[Wp/mfa/Smaye|smaye]] hok mano smaye ni skalo keno buwak dale soh jemooh hok luruh nga rapak. ==Rujukke== {{Wp/mfa/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/mfa]] {{INTERWIKI|Q15051389}} 91xj499sz428x52sj6v03gzd7kom54s 6685838 6685771 2025-06-14T02:03:24Z Mirlim 2598865 6685838 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Suraumerbok.jpg|thumb|Bala soh di [[Wp/mfa/Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Merbók|MRSM Merbók]], [[Wp/mfa/Kedoh|Kedoh]]]] '''Bala soh''' ({{Wp/mfa/Langx|ms|surau}})<ref>{{Wp/mfa/Cite thesis |last1=Joll |first1=C. M. |last2= |first2= |year=2009 |title=WHAT MUSLIMS IN CABANGTIGA MEAN BY MERIT: MERIT MAKING RHETORIC, ISLAMIC DISCOURSE AND THE THAI MILIEU |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chris-Joll/publication/280564644_What_Muslims_in_Cabangtiga_Mean_by_Merit_Merit-making_Rhetoric_Islamic_Discourse_and_the_Thai_Milieu/links/55e95d4008ae3e121843a317/What-Muslims-in-Cabangtiga-Mean-by-Merit-Merit-making-Rhetoric-Islamic-Discourse-and-the-Thai-Milieu.pdf#page=325&search="Balasoh" |journal= |volume= |issue= |publisher= |page=308 |doi= |access-date=}}</ref> ni so bangune di [[Wp/mfa/Smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu|smenanjóng Tanoh Nnayu]] nga pula [[Wp/mfa/Sumatero|Sumatero]] hok mano tepak ore [[Wp/mfa/Isle|Isle]] bripóng nok bribadak nga krijo-krijo agamo. Skalo bala soh ni nok srupo doh nga [[Wp/mfa/Mesejék|mesejék]], tapi yo lagi kecik. Ssemo jate ttino buléh masók, pah buléh wak krijo hok kkaék nga agamo de jugok mejeléh rrayo. Nok beno bala soh ni keno ado spakak denge sumbenge dari masyarakak stepak. ==Istiloh== Pekatoe '''bala soh''' asa dari pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|balai}} denge pekatoe [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Arak|Arak]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ar|صاف}}, (ore sebók yo '''soh''', bandéng nga [[Wp/mfa/Kecek Nnayu|Nnayu]] {{Wp/mfa/Lang|ms|saf}}) buwi makno tepak [[Wp/mfa/Smaye|smaye]] hok mano smaye ni skalo keno buwak dale soh jemooh hok luruh nga rapak. ==Rujukke== {{Wp/mfa/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/mfa]] {{INTERWIKI|Q15051389}} 3y8cjh30rzj3mpdbxdjtdcc6mluckmf 3 3608831 6685378 2025-06-13T16:20:35Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685378 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 16:20, 13 June 2025 (UTC) 4o7h9pbu4gvsb20okmjeuv7kijmuk85 3 3608832 6685380 2025-06-13T16:21:54Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685380 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 16:21, 13 June 2025 (UTC) liahumb86z1hpd4vamvkfr8qjp3snxk 0 3608833 6685382 2025-06-13T16:24:22Z NaijaTest1979 2607254 Create main page 6685382 wikitext text/x-wiki Welcome to di main pej of the Naijá Wiktionary. m6lk0ddl1w6i8dj7ursooh9w07azthq 6685388 6685382 2025-06-13T16:27:46Z NaijaTest1979 2607254 Update 6685388 wikitext text/x-wiki Welcome to di main page of di Naijá Wiktionary. 6ys9rhnkqnutnfxd7wixjvkh60kcdl7 6685393 6685388 2025-06-13T16:31:28Z NaijaTest1979 2607254 6685393 wikitext text/x-wiki Welcome to di main page of di Naijá Wiktionary. Di word of di day: 1qg7l9nwmwwgiqamcr3jc0rtqoh2m8o 0 3608834 6685390 2025-06-13T16:28:24Z Manandez 1531006 Pájina novu. 6685390 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Palace of Westminster from the dome on Methodist Central Hall (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|300px|]] '''Sidadi''' é un grandi konjuntu umanu. Pode ser difinidu sima un lugar permanente y densamenti populadu ku limitis administrativamenti difinidu ki ses menbrus ta trabadja prinsipalmenti na tarefas non agrikultóriu. [[Category:Wp/kea/Djografia]] [[Category:Wp/kea]] {{INTERWIKI|Q515}} gddvh69hjujou14hy4mp6tyld8qnj74 0 3608835 6685394 2025-06-13T16:32:59Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe də siyasama kuru liita lardə Nigeriaye shidoni banama gomna kəriye Kadunaye tən saa 2019 lan ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685394 wikitext text/x-wiki Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe də siyasama kuru liita lardə Nigeriaye shidoni banama gomna kəriye Kadunaye tən saa 2019 lan ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] 2fskf6e0axthp8e126eh37etw850niu 6685399 6685394 2025-06-13T16:34:27Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685399 wikitext text/x-wiki Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe də siyasama kuru liita lardə Nigeriaye shidoni banama gomna kəriye Kadunaye tən saa 2019 lan ==Sumana== Tajirwa alagəlabe-a amsobe-a sədinma kada gozaa kozənadən, zauro faida’a LEMCndero karewa cidabe məradətənadə’a, ilmu’a, kuru nizamma’a futu tajirwa wakajin dəga təmatə-a, ja’awu kənjo-a, kuru fulutə-a nankaro. Sandiye kasadənza kəla tajirwa tajirwaro cistayen kəriyendeyedə zauro ngəla kuru kəlakəlnde suro kasadə faida’a adəyen fuwutəgəro təmagəna. [[Category:Wq/knc]] f023drjseycg5hv5jlaww0elq6t7x9v 6685401 6685399 2025-06-13T16:35:25Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685401 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hadiza Balarabe at Afan 2025 11.jpg|thumb]] Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe də siyasama kuru liita lardə Nigeriaye shidoni banama gomna kəriye Kadunaye tən saa 2019 lan ==Sumana== Tajirwa alagəlabe-a amsobe-a sədinma kada gozaa kozənadən, zauro faida’a LEMCndero karewa cidabe məradətənadə’a, ilmu’a, kuru nizamma’a futu tajirwa wakajin dəga təmatə-a, ja’awu kənjo-a, kuru fulutə-a nankaro. Sandiye kasadənza kəla tajirwa tajirwaro cistayen kəriyendeyedə zauro ngəla kuru kəlakəlnde suro kasadə faida’a adəyen fuwutəgəro təmagəna. [[Category:Wq/knc]] c24vmggn31fr7wmrufrkyn37fy445dz 6685402 6685401 2025-06-13T16:36:43Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685402 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hadiza Balarabe at Afan 2025 11.jpg|thumb]] Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe də siyasama kuru liita lardə Nigeriaye shidoni banama gomna kəriye Kadunaye tən saa 2019 lan ==Sumana== Tajirwa alagəlabe-a amsobe-a sədinma kada gozaa kozənadən, zauro faida’a LEMCndero karewa cidabe məradətənadə’a, ilmu’a, kuru nizamma’a futu tajirwa wakajin dəga təmatə-a, ja’awu kənjo-a, kuru fulutə-a nankaro. Sandiye kasadənza kəla tajirwa tajirwaro cistayen kəriyendeyedə zauro ngəla kuru kəlakəlnde suro kasadə faida’a adəyen fuwutəgəro təmagəna. [https://21stcenturychronicle.com/disaster-kaduna-developing-early-warning-systems-deputy-governor/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] n9j8mozexyl6ee09leed265nf5s0j8c 6685404 6685402 2025-06-13T16:37:43Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685404 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hadiza Balarabe at Afan 2025 11.jpg|thumb]] Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe də siyasama kuru liita lardə Nigeriaye shidoni banama gomna kəriye Kadunaye tən saa 2019 lan ==Sumana== Tajirwa alagəlabe-a amsobe-a sədinma kada gozaa kozənadən, zauro faida’a LEMC ndero karewa cidabe məradətənadə’a, ilmu’a, kuru nizamma’a futu tajirwa wakajin dəga təmatə-a, ja’awu kənjo-a, kuru fulutə-a nankaro. Sandiye kasadənza kəla tajirwa tajirwaro cistayen kəriyendeyedə zauro ngəla kuru kəlakəlnde suro kasadə faida’a adəyen fuwutəgəro təmagəna.[https://21stcenturychronicle.com/disaster-kaduna-developing-early-warning-systems-deputy-governor/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] s667rjcjrj02u3fvn9kg927q4zhgl20 6685406 6685404 2025-06-13T16:38:45Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685406 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hadiza Balarabe at Afan 2025 11.jpg|thumb]] Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe də siyasama kuru liita lardə Nigeria yǝ shidoni banama gomna kəriye Kaduna yǝ tən saa 2019 lan ==Sumana== Tajirwa alagəlabe-a amsobe-a sədinma kada gozaa kozənadən, zauro faida’a LEMC ndero karewa cidabe məradətənadə’a, ilmu’a, kuru nizamma’a futu tajirwa wakajin dəga təmatə-a, ja’awu kənjo-a, kuru fulutə-a nankaro. Sandiye kasadənza kəla tajirwa tajirwaro cistayen kəriyendeyedə zauro ngəla kuru kəlakəlnde suro kasadə faida’a adəyen fuwutəgəro təmagəna.[https://21stcenturychronicle.com/disaster-kaduna-developing-early-warning-systems-deputy-governor/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] sdmrn92sfn33mhchsg4tb7fnvhy8ryi 3 3608836 6685396 2025-06-13T16:33:10Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685396 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 16:33, 13 June 2025 (UTC) fhvymuufqjc5nc13sx9a7nvnp49m8ov 0 3608837 6685411 2025-06-13T16:42:37Z NaijaTest1979 2607254 Created page with "# dash Where di word from come: English dash How de dey talk am: /dâʃ/ Adjective Wetin person give person wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • No be dash. (NST_cleaned__25170 It is not free.) • Dat car wey e give una neighbour, na dash? (The car he gave your neighbour, was it free?) English: gift Verb Make person give person someting wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • I dash am money. (I gave him/her money.) • Other people dey dash p..." 6685411 wikitext text/x-wiki # dash Where di word from come: English dash How de dey talk am: /dâʃ/ Adjective Wetin person give person wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • No be dash. (NST_cleaned__25170 It is not free.) • Dat car wey e give una neighbour, na dash? (The car he gave your neighbour, was it free?) English: gift Verb Make person give person someting wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • I dash am money. (I gave him/her money.) • Other people dey dash pikin wey no get mama and papa money. (jw__30181 People give alms to orphans.) • Sabi pipo bin don do 39 womb transplant, for some dem use live donors including mama wey dash dia daughters dem dia own wombs. (bbc__86546 Experts have carried out 39 womb transplants and some of the live donors were mothers who willingly donated their wombs to their daughters.) • America Attorney General Jeff Sessions wey fire am talk say dem find out say im dey dash vital information and im do investigators dem wuruwuru. (bbc__14693 Jeff Sessions, the American Attorney General, accused him of leaking top secrets and lying to the investigators.) • Authorities nack am charge say im carry dash Grace di degree. (bbc__18064 He was accused of fraudulently awarding the degree to Grace.) [[Category:Wt/pcm]] 339vyhlmw6ebfusgtkwh961hf1a8f4c 6685421 6685411 2025-06-13T16:47:02Z NaijaTest1979 2607254 6685421 wikitext text/x-wiki dash Where di word from come: English dash How de dey talk am: /dâʃ/ Adjective Wetin person give person wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • No be dash. (NST_cleaned__25170 It is not free.) • Dat car wey e give una neighbour, na dash? (The car he gave your neighbour, was it free?) English: gift Verb Make person give person someting wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • I dash am money. (I gave him/her money.) • Other people dey dash pikin wey no get mama and papa money. (jw__30181 People give alms to orphans.) • Sabi pipo bin don do 39 womb transplant, for some dem use live donors including mama wey dash dia daughters dem dia own wombs. (bbc__86546 Experts have carried out 39 womb transplants and some of the live donors were mothers who willingly donated their wombs to their daughters.) • America Attorney General Jeff Sessions wey fire am talk say dem find out say im dey dash vital information and im do investigators dem wuruwuru. (bbc__14693 Jeff Sessions, the American Attorney General, accused him of leaking top secrets and lying to the investigators.) • Authorities nack am charge say im carry dash Grace di degree. (bbc__18064 He was accused of fraudulently awarding the degree to Grace.) [[Category:Wt/pcm]] 6po1g9xwdziwaa2reh7v6zb730ltpzu 6685436 6685421 2025-06-13T16:52:01Z NaijaTest1979 2607254 6685436 wikitext text/x-wiki === {{Wt/pcm/Where di word from come}} === dash Where di word from come: English dash How de dey talk am: /dâʃ/ Adjective Wetin person give person wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • No be dash. (NST_cleaned__25170 It is not free.) • Dat car wey e give una neighbour, na dash? (The car he gave your neighbour, was it free?) English: gift Verb Make person give person someting wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • I dash am money. (I gave him/her money.) • Other people dey dash pikin wey no get mama and papa money. (jw__30181 People give alms to orphans.) • Sabi pipo bin don do 39 womb transplant, for some dem use live donors including mama wey dash dia daughters dem dia own wombs. (bbc__86546 Experts have carried out 39 womb transplants and some of the live donors were mothers who willingly donated their wombs to their daughters.) • America Attorney General Jeff Sessions wey fire am talk say dem find out say im dey dash vital information and im do investigators dem wuruwuru. (bbc__14693 Jeff Sessions, the American Attorney General, accused him of leaking top secrets and lying to the investigators.) • Authorities nack am charge say im carry dash Grace di degree. (bbc__18064 He was accused of fraudulently awarding the degree to Grace.) [[Category:Wt/pcm]] endgxkxtrwk9q6rgx4fc20420t2fnsw 6685439 6685436 2025-06-13T16:53:09Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685439 wikitext text/x-wiki === {{Wt/pcm/Where di word from come}} === dash Where di word from come: English dash How de dey talk am: /dâʃ/ Adjective Wetin person give person wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • No be dash. (NST_cleaned__25170 It is not free.) • Dat car wey e give una neighbour, na dash? (The car he gave your neighbour, was it free?) English: gift Verb Make person give person someting wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. • I dash am money. (I gave him/her money.) • Other people dey dash pikin wey no get mama and papa money. (jw__30181 People give alms to orphans.) • Sabi pipo bin don do 39 womb transplant, for some dem use live donors including mama wey dash dia daughters dem dia own wombs. (bbc__86546 Experts have carried out 39 womb transplants and some of the live donors were mothers who willingly donated their wombs to their daughters.) • America Attorney General Jeff Sessions wey fire am talk say dem find out say im dey dash vital information and im do investigators dem wuruwuru. (bbc__14693 Jeff Sessions, the American Attorney General, accused him of leaking top secrets and lying to the investigators.) • Authorities nack am charge say im carry dash Grace di degree. (bbc__18064 He was accused of fraudulently awarding the degree to Grace.) [[Category:Wt/pcm]] ==Pijin== ===Etymology=== From {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dash}}. ===Pronunciation=== * IPA: /dâʃ/ ===Adjective=== '''dash''' # We tins pesin give pesin wey di pesin no go pay for am or give anything back. #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|No be dash.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|NST_cleaned__25170}}) ''It is not free.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Dat car wey e give una neighbour, na dash?}} ''The car he gave your neighbour, was it free?'' ====Synonyms==== * {{Wt/pcm/l|en|gift}} ===Verb=== '''dash''' ''(transitive)'' # Wen pesin give pesin sometin wey e no collect money or anything for. #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|I dash am money.}} ''I gave him/her money.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Other people dey dash pikin wey no get mama and papa money.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|jw__30181}}) ''People give alms to orphans.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Sabi pipo bin don do 39 womb transplant, for some dem use live donors including mama wey dash dia daughters dem dia own wombs.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|bbc__86546}}) ''Experts have carried out 39 womb transplants and some of the live donors were mothers who willingly donated their wombs to their daughters.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|America Attorney General Jeff Sessions wey fire am talk say dem find out say im dey dash vital information and im do investigators dem wuruwuru.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|bbc__14693}}) ''Jeff Sessions, the American Attorney General, accused him of leaking top secrets and lying to the investigators.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Authorities nack am charge say im carry dash Grace di degree.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|bbc__18064}}) ''He was accused of fraudulently awarding the degree to Grace.'' ====Synonyms==== * {{Wt/pcm/l|en|donate}} ===Translations=== {{Wt/pcm/trans-top|gift (something freely)}} * English: {{Wt/pcm/t|en|give}}, {{Wt/pcm/t|en|gift}}, {{Wt/pcm/t|en|donate}} {{Wt/pcm/trans-bottom}} [[Category:Wt/pcm/pcm:Giving]] 2oto0xwfwbsdk4ujj8zvje8r79wdh1l 6685440 6685439 2025-06-13T16:53:37Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685440 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Pijin== ===Etymology=== From {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dash}}. ===Pronunciation=== * IPA: /dâʃ/ ===Adjective=== '''dash''' # We tins pesin give pesin wey di pesin no go pay for am or give anything back. #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|No be dash.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|NST_cleaned__25170}}) ''It is not free.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Dat car wey e give una neighbour, na dash?}} ''The car he gave your neighbour, was it free?'' ====Synonyms==== * {{Wt/pcm/l|en|gift}} ===Verb=== '''dash''' ''(transitive)'' # Wen pesin give pesin sometin wey e no collect money or anything for. #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|I dash am money.}} ''I gave him/her money.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Other people dey dash pikin wey no get mama and papa money.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|jw__30181}}) ''People give alms to orphans.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Sabi pipo bin don do 39 womb transplant, for some dem use live donors including mama wey dash dia daughters dem dia own wombs.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|bbc__86546}}) ''Experts have carried out 39 womb transplants and some of the live donors were mothers who willingly donated their wombs to their daughters.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|America Attorney General Jeff Sessions wey fire am talk say dem find out say im dey dash vital information and im do investigators dem wuruwuru.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|bbc__14693}}) ''Jeff Sessions, the American Attorney General, accused him of leaking top secrets and lying to the investigators.'' #* {{Wt/pcm/ux|pcm|Authorities nack am charge say im carry dash Grace di degree.}} ({{Wt/pcm/source|bbc__18064}}) ''He was accused of fraudulently awarding the degree to Grace.'' ====Synonyms==== * {{Wt/pcm/l|en|donate}} ===Translations=== {{Wt/pcm/trans-top|gift (something freely)}} * English: {{Wt/pcm/t|en|give}}, {{Wt/pcm/t|en|gift}}, {{Wt/pcm/t|en|donate}} {{Wt/pcm/trans-bottom}} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] [[Category:Wt/pcm/pcm:Giving]] gzltgti5dlt64pvjxiwxewlvufpjy63 6685770 6685440 2025-06-14T01:31:51Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dash' 6685770 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dash}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dâʃ/|pcm}} === Adjective === # Wetin person give person wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|gift}} === Verb === # Make person give person someting wey di person no go pay put or give am anyting. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|donate}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|gift}} 54cs1bc124rufj4x9o784d32lihfat6 3 3608838 6685414 2025-06-13T16:44:23Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685414 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 16:44, 13 June 2025 (UTC) iuno93s64crm61sboe0cu3ctre2xsz6 0 3608839 6685419 2025-06-13T16:46:59Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Amina Mohammed Baloni shima komishina nəlewabe kəriye Kadunabewo. Shiga Mallam Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai shima waltǝ walzǝna ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685419 wikitext text/x-wiki Amina Mohammed Baloni shima komishina nəlewabe kəriye Kadunabewo. Shiga Mallam Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai shima waltǝ walzǝna ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] kqa4815gbq0dgydnl1xzjvdprnuu8e9 6685425 6685419 2025-06-13T16:48:02Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685425 wikitext text/x-wiki Amina Mohammed Baloni shima komishina nəlewabe kəriye Kadunabewo. Shiga Mallam Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai shima waltǝ walzǝna ==Sumana== Nəm nguwu am malariaye ngaltənadəye kashi 33 lan səta 16 ro saadəna suro saa indi kozənayen. Andeye kashi 68% nasha karewa malariabe sammason (DHIS) səwandəna, kuru aa nəmngəwu malariabe ngaltəbedə kashi 33lan səta (NDHS 2018) səta kashi 16ro saadəna suro saa 2021ben (MIS 2021). [[Category:Wq/knc]] 08xu4wp2xmzpsuqr6r7uyb357ir9f4z 6685428 6685425 2025-06-13T16:49:27Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685428 wikitext text/x-wiki Amina Mohammed Baloni shima komishina nəlewabe kəriye Kadunabewo. Shiga Mallam Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai shima waltǝ walzǝna ==Sumana== Nəm nguwu am malariaye ngaltənadəye kashi 33 lan səta 16 ro saadəna suro saa indi kozənayen. Andeye kashi 68% nasha karewa malariabe sammason (DHIS) səwandəna, kuru aa nəmngəwu malariabe ngaltəbedə kashi 33lan səta (NDHS 2018) səta kashi 16ro saadəna suro saa 2021ben (MIS 2021). [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/595054-kaduna-records-2-reduction-in-under-five-mortality-commissioner.html] [[Category:Wq/knc]] ltwajiyoh7jzat4u46xi0b0qmrhw9ch 6685433 6685428 2025-06-13T16:51:21Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685433 wikitext text/x-wiki Amina Mohammed Baloni shima komishina nəlewa bǝ kəriye Kaduna bewo. Shiga Mallam Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai shima waltǝ walzǝna ==Sumana== Nəm nguwu am malaria yǝ ngaltəna dəye kashi 33 lan səta 16 ro saadəna suro saa indi kozənayen. Andeye kashi 68% nasha karewa malaria bǝ sammason (DHIS) səwandəna, kuru aa nəmngəwu malariabe ngaltəbedə kashi 33lan səta (NDHS 2018) səta kashi 16ro saadəna suro saa 2021ben (MIS 2021). [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/595054-kaduna-records-2-reduction-in-under-five-mortality-commissioner.html] [[Category:Wq/knc]] jf5qf1pi86khxzy6rpgf1hd0db60y4n 0 3608840 6685442 2025-06-13T16:54:51Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Aishatu Jibril Dukku (kəntagə Disembaye kawunzə 18 saa 1963-lan katambo), shima ilmuma-a siyasama-a Naijiriaye kəriye Gombeyen. Shidə kura mowonti feroye gomnati kura lardədəye, Bajoga, kəriye Gombeye. Shidə minista ilmuye lardəye zaman kərmai kura Umaru Musa Yar' Aduayen cidazəna. Tun loktudən, shidə wakil majalisa lardə Nigeriabe indiro walzəna. Majilas kən 8-a kən 9-a majalis wakilla Nigeriaye Dukku-a Nafada-a wakiljin, Gombe State, Nigeria lan cidaz..." 6685442 wikitext text/x-wiki Aishatu Jibril Dukku (kəntagə Disembaye kawunzə 18 saa 1963-lan katambo), shima ilmuma-a siyasama-a Naijiriaye kəriye Gombeyen. Shidə kura mowonti feroye gomnati kura lardədəye, Bajoga, kəriye Gombeye. Shidə minista ilmuye lardəye zaman kərmai kura Umaru Musa Yar' Aduayen cidazəna. Tun loktudən, shidə wakil majalisa lardə Nigeriabe indiro walzəna. Majilas kən 8-a kən 9-a majalis wakilla Nigeriaye Dukku-a Nafada-a wakiljin, Gombe State, Nigeria lan cidazəna. ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] cipy0wwewec64rh3ejik5i1511sxo39 6685444 6685442 2025-06-13T16:56:49Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685444 wikitext text/x-wiki Aishatu Jibril Dukku (kəntagə Disembaye kawunzə 18 saa 1963-lan katambo), shima ilmuma-a siyasama-a Naijiriaye kəriye Gombeyen. Shidə kura mowonti feroye gomnati kura lardədəye, Bajoga, kəriye Gombeye. Shidə minista ilmuye lardəye zaman kərmai kura Umaru Musa Yar' Aduayen cidazəna. Tun loktudən, shidə wakil majalisa lardə Nigeriabe indiro walzəna. Majilas kən 8-a kən 9-a majalis wakilla Nigeriaye Dukku-a Nafada-a wakiljin, Gombe State, Nigeria lan cidazəna. ==Sumana== <nowiki>*</nowiki>Andeye sulhu do lardədəro faidajinma yiwodə wazəna. [[Category:Wq/knc]] ibpivkz7imehe49803jyvidq0qyag2c 6685446 6685444 2025-06-13T16:57:27Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685446 wikitext text/x-wiki Aishatu Jibril Dukku (kəntagə Disembaye kawunzə 18 saa 1963-lan katambo), shima ilmuma-a siyasama-a Naijiriaye kəriye Gombeyen. Shidə kura mowonti feroye gomnati kura lardədəye, Bajoga, kəriye Gombeye. Shidə minista ilmuye lardəye zaman kərmai kura Umaru Musa Yar' Aduayen cidazəna. Tun loktudən, shidə wakil majalisa lardə Nigeriabe indiro walzəna. Majilas kən 8-a kən 9-a majalis wakilla Nigeriaye Dukku-a Nafada-a wakiljin, Gombe State, Nigeria lan cidazəna. ==Sumana== *Andeye sulhu do lardədəro faidajinma yiwodə wazəna. [[Category:Wq/knc]] 0lj4r7gtrh77zcokxe7mi254y2fsvko 6685448 6685446 2025-06-13T16:58:47Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685448 wikitext text/x-wiki Aishatu Jibril Dukku (kəntagə Disembaye kawunzə 18 saa 1963-lan katambo), shima ilmuma-a siyasama-a Naijiriaye kəriye Gombeyen. Shidə kura mowonti feroye gomnati kura lardədəye, Bajoga, kəriye Gombeye. Shidə minista ilmuye lardəye zaman kərmai kura Umaru Musa Yar' Aduayen cidazəna. Tun loktudən, shidə wakil majalisa lardə Nigeriabe indiro walzəna. Majilas kən 8-a kən 9-a majalis wakilla Nigeriaye Dukku-a Nafada-a wakiljin, Gombe State, Nigeria lan cidazəna. ==Sumana== *Andeye sulhu do lardədəro faidajinma yiwodə wazəna. [https://dailypost.ng/2018/01/19/god-created-herdsmen-value-cows-humans-reps-member-dukku/Aishatu Jibril Dikku said] [[Category:Wq/knc]] c1ur15t0goqi2amsojdyyadqah0ghyo 6685450 6685448 2025-06-13T16:59:38Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685450 wikitext text/x-wiki Aishatu Jibril Dukku (kəntagə Disembaye kawunzə 18 saa 1963-lan katambo), shima ilmuma-a siyasama-a Naijiriaye kəriye Gombeyen. Shidə kura mowonti feroye gomnati kura lardədəye, Bajoga, kəriye Gombeye. Shidə minista ilmuye lardəye zaman kərmai kura Umaru Musa Yar' Aduayen cidazəna. Tun loktudən, shidə wakil majalisa lardə Nigeriabe indiro walzəna. Majilas kən 8-a kən 9-a majalis wakilla Nigeriaye Dukku-a Nafada-a wakiljin, Gombe State, Nigeria lan cidazəna. ==Sumana== *Andeye sulhu do lardədəro faidajinma yiwodə wazəna. [https://dailypost.ng/2018/01/19/god-created-herdsmen-value-cows-humans-reps-member-dukku/Aishatu Jibril Dikku said] <nowiki>*</nowiki> [[Category:Wq/knc]] tlh8qunx0j61lq4up7bv9foyjdnvbxi 6685451 6685450 2025-06-13T17:00:16Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685451 wikitext text/x-wiki Aishatu Jibril Dukku (kəntagə Disembaye kawunzə 18 saa 1963-lan katambo), shima ilmuma-a siyasama-a Naijiriaye kəriye Gombeyen. Shidə kura mowonti feroye gomnati kura lardədəye, Bajoga, kəriye Gombeye. Shidə minista ilmuye lardəye zaman kərmai kura Umaru Musa Yar' Aduayen cidazəna. Tun loktudən, shidə wakil majalisa lardə Nigeriabe indiro walzəna. Majilas kən 8-a kən 9-a majalis wakilla Nigeriaye Dukku-a Nafada-a wakiljin, Gombe State, Nigeria lan cidazəna. ==Sumana== *Andeye sulhu do lardədəro faidajinma yiwodə wazəna. [https://dailypost.ng/2018/01/19/god-created-herdsmen-value-cows-humans-reps-member-dukku/Aishatu Jibril Dikku said] [[Category:Wq/knc]] mcr5zq5vrz1z66b4vzl6qs3dmj5fxok 10 3608841 6685443 2025-06-13T16:56:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Created page with "<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|{{{2}}} | {{#if:{{{3|}}}|From {{{3}}}.|From {{{2}}}.}} | {{#if:{{{3|}}}|From {{langname|{{{2}}}}} {{{3}}}.|From {{langname|{{{2}}}}}.}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> This template is used to show etymological derivation of a word from another language. '''Usage:''' <pre> {{der|<lang code>|<source lang code>|<source word>}} </pre> - <lang code>: The language code of the current page (e.g., pcm) - <source lang code>: The code of the language..." 6685443 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|{{{2}}} | {{#if:{{{3|}}}|From {{{3}}}.|From {{{2}}}.}} | {{#if:{{{3|}}}|From {{langname|{{{2}}}}} {{{3}}}.|From {{langname|{{{2}}}}}.}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> This template is used to show etymological derivation of a word from another language. '''Usage:''' <pre> {{der|<lang code>|<source lang code>|<source word>}} </pre> - <lang code>: The language code of the current page (e.g., pcm) - <source lang code>: The code of the language the word is derived from (e.g., en) - <source word>: The original word (e.g., dash) '''Example:''' <pre> {{der|pcm|en|dash}} → From English ''dash''. </pre> </noinclude> nbveou1qbgxn7i94hyjy9426u7a8p3p 6685453 6685443 2025-06-13T17:11:45Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685453 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>From {{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[{{{2}}}:{{{3}}}|{{{3}}}]]|{{{2}}}}}.</includeonly><noinclude> This template is used to show that a word is derived from a source word in another language. '''Usage:''' <pre>{{der|<lang code>|<source lang code>|<source word>}}</pre> Example: <pre>{{der|pcm|en|dash}}</pre> → From [[en:dash|dash]]. </noinclude> gutnfw2r8ruj2iw7nfnuds74fdm5bv7 6685457 6685453 2025-06-13T17:22:08Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685457 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> From {{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{langname|{{{2}}}}} ''[[{{{3}}}]]''|{{langname|{{{2}}}}}}. </includeonly><noinclude> This template is used to show that a word is derived from a source word in another language. '''Usage:''' <pre>{{der|<lang code>|<source lang code>|<source word>}}</pre> Example: <pre>{{der|pcm|en|dash}}</pre> → From [[en:dash|dash]]. </noinclude> s88r2e4bu7y28re4dkb7hfa7mfmrnm2 6685458 6685457 2025-06-13T17:23:07Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685458 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> From {{#switch:{{{2}}} | en = English | fr = French | de = German | pcm = Nigerian Pidgin | #default = {{{2}}} }} {{#if:{{{3|}}|''[[{{{3}}}]]''}}}. </includeonly> <noinclude> This template is used to show that a word is derived from a source word in another language. '''Usage:''' <pre>{{der|<lang code>|<source lang code>|<source word>}}</pre> Example: <pre>{{der|pcm|en|dash}}</pre> → From [[en:dash|dash]]. </noinclude> 3lmw7l384473thredom070x2ofzlrkw 6685691 6685458 2025-06-13T23:54:28Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685691 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> <includeonly>From {{#if:{{{3|}}}|''{{{3}}}'' ({{{2}}})|{{{2}}}}}</includeonly> 32ru57z5c7wrlgqfrfwjfqpx3b04aoi 6685698 6685691 2025-06-13T23:57:15Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685698 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>From {{#switch:{{{2}}} | en = English | fr = French | de = German | yoruba = Yoruba | hausa = Hausa | igbo = Igbo | pcm = Nigerian Pidgin | #default = {{{2}}} }} {{#if:{{{3|}}}|''{{{3}}}''}}.</includeonly> <noinclude> Displays etymology of a word. Usage: {{der|pcm|en|dash}} → From English ''dash''. {{der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} → From Yoruba ''daru (to scatter)''. </noinclude> 2wvvz8ft4cbni6m7nn4yqbgjj8ucxan 6685703 6685698 2025-06-14T00:00:10Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685703 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> From {{#switch:{{{2}}} | en = English | fr = French | de = German | yoruba = Yoruba | hausa = Hausa | igbo = Igbo | pcm = Nigerian Pidgin | #default = {{{2}}} }} {{#if:{{{3|}}}|''{{{3}}}''}}. </includeonly> <noinclude> Displays etymology of a word. Usage: {{der|pcm|en|dash}} → From English ''dash''. {{der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} → From Yoruba ''daru (to scatter)''. </noinclude> rvmlq3d3h59ssflskaprbqbzht23ojm 6685711 6685703 2025-06-14T00:05:15Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685711 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> From {{#switch:{{{2}}} | en = English | fr = French | de = German | yoruba = Yoruba | hausa = Hausa | igbo = Igbo | pcm = Nigerian Pidgin | #default = {{{2}}} }} {{#if:{{{3|}}}|''{{{3}}}''}} </includeonly> <noinclude> Displays etymology of a word. Usage: {{der|pcm|en|dash}} → From English ''dash''. {{der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} → From Yoruba ''daru (to scatter)''. </noinclude> tvpd7xt0k8vup9469tcon38v76y4lsw 6685724 6685711 2025-06-14T00:25:36Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685724 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> From {{#switch:{{{2}}} | en = English | fr = French | de = German | yoruba = Yoruba | hausa = Hausa | igbo = Igbo | pcm = Nigerian Pidgin | #default = {{{2}}} }} {{#if:{{{3|}}}|''{{{3}}}''}}. </includeonly> <noinclude> Displays etymology of a word. Usage: {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dash}} → From English ''dash''. {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} → From Yoruba ''daru (to scatter)''. </noinclude> 0cvbf4y6sel42po9r6miqf71ia5sio7 6685795 6685724 2025-06-14T01:35:49Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685795 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> From {{#switch:{{{2}}} | en = English | fr = French | de = German | yo = Yoruba | ha = Hausa | ig = Igbo | pcm = Nigerian Pidgin | #default = {{{2}}} }} {{#if:{{{3|}}}|''{{{3}}}''}}. </includeonly> <noinclude> Displays etymology of a word. Usage: {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dash}} → From English ''dash''. {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} → From Yoruba ''daru (to scatter)''. </noinclude> fefarqy5mkh3cr2gg6jw4xmz5qbyfio 3 3608842 6685445 2025-06-13T16:57:26Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685445 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 16:57, 13 June 2025 (UTC) 700u4mu6h71ugakobnki0bgunx0akpr 0 3608843 6685454 2025-06-13T17:19:40Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Uche Lilian Ekwunife nee Ogudebe (12 kəntawu Januarybe saa 1970lan katambo), siyasama Nigeria bǝ, DG Gomnawa Anəmgədibe Forumbe kuru Fmr. Senator do am kəriye Anambra ye wakiljin ma kuru shi də kamuwa senator do zauro cidajin ma suro majaliskuye lan nozana. [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685454 wikitext text/x-wiki Uche Lilian Ekwunife nee Ogudebe (12 kəntawu Januarybe saa 1970lan katambo), siyasama Nigeria bǝ, DG Gomnawa Anəmgədibe Forumbe kuru Fmr. Senator do am kəriye Anambra ye wakiljin ma kuru shi də kamuwa senator do zauro cidajin ma suro majaliskuye lan nozana. [[Category:Wq/knc]] miuv81hm98qp1slrvcndqg2m0qrzb39 6685455 6685454 2025-06-13T17:20:07Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685455 wikitext text/x-wiki Uche Lilian Ekwunife nee Ogudebe (12 kəntawu Januarybe saa 1970lan katambo), siyasama Nigeria bǝ, DG Gomnawa Anəmgədibe Forumbe kuru Fmr. Senator do am kəriye Anambra ye wakiljin ma kuru shi də kamuwa senator do zauro cidajin ma suro majaliskuye lan nozana. ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] jvw821pfsqbfve5culg0bkfsrxww3sg 6685456 6685455 2025-06-13T17:21:07Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685456 wikitext text/x-wiki Uche Lilian Ekwunife nee Ogudebe (12 kəntawu Januarybe saa 1970lan katambo), siyasama Nigeria bǝ, DG Gomnawa Anəmgədibe Forumbe kuru Fmr. Senator do am kəriye Anambra ye wakiljin ma kuru shi də kamuwa senator do zauro cidajin ma suro majaliskuye lan nozana. ==Sumana== Siyasadə kasuwu yeyi, futu waltəmin yeyi, am gadeye lezayin. [[Category:Wq/knc]] oeco4zpstc4u8aguw9b7887p6fp3l01 0 3608844 6685461 2025-06-13T17:35:10Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Asabe Vilita Bashir (Saa 1965 lan katambo) siyasama Naijiriaye. Shiga majalis wakilla Nigeriabero karrada kəla shidə kam kərmai jamiyya APCbe suro kəriyewa Gwoza-a, Chibok-a Damboa Borno-ayen. ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685461 wikitext text/x-wiki Asabe Vilita Bashir (Saa 1965 lan katambo) siyasama Naijiriaye. Shiga majalis wakilla Nigeriabero karrada kəla shidə kam kərmai jamiyya APCbe suro kəriyewa Gwoza-a, Chibok-a Damboa Borno-ayen. ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] t05tpb0vwsq7otyrofu06oh4iptfe0e 6685462 6685461 2025-06-13T17:36:25Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685462 wikitext text/x-wiki Asabe Vilita Bashir (Saa 1965 lan katambo) siyasama Naijiriaye. Shiga majalis wakilla Nigeriabero karrada kəla shidə kam kərmai jamiyya APCbe suro kəriyewa Gwoza-a, Chibok-a Damboa Borno-ayen. ==Sumana== Adə yim Zəma’a Maiduguri lan loktu dawudi banaye NCWD ye kəlakəl United Nations Women ye lan dawarzəna də’a badizana lan, kamuwa siyasa ro gawo’a fuwutə’a kuru kamuwa siyasawu lardə Borno ye lan shawari kənjo’a. [[Category:Wq/knc]] 3oord0qjisuhz2r5xkicydcl5ef2ok0 0 3608845 6685465 2025-06-13T17:38:59Z MohammedBama123 2571948 Created page with "Iyabo Obasanjo (27 April 1967 lan katambo) shima senator Nigeriabe kureye kuru fero kura lardǝ Nigeriabe kureye, Olusegun Obasanjo-a kamunzǝ Oluremi Obasanjo-abe. ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]]" 6685465 wikitext text/x-wiki Iyabo Obasanjo (27 April 1967 lan katambo) shima senator Nigeriabe kureye kuru fero kura lardǝ Nigeriabe kureye, Olusegun Obasanjo-a kamunzǝ Oluremi Obasanjo-abe. ==Sumana== [[Category:Wq/knc]] a9jbd639xle7ex578gohih0yiuh8mg9 6685466 6685465 2025-06-13T17:39:58Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685466 wikitext text/x-wiki Iyabo Obasanjo (27 April 1967 lan katambo) shima senator Nigeriabe kureye kuru fero kura lardǝ Nigeriabe kureye, Olusegun Obasanjo-a kamunzǝ Oluremi Obasanjo-abe. ==Sumana== Nigeria lan kaziyi mbeji gultədə shima awo bayantəyewo. Am hikimawudə kərtəgə, ndaran yaye bana-a shawari-a isayin. Am do wasika kureye dəga walta baksana də loktu banaza awo do suro bayanna dəyen dagəna dəro ja’awu sadin, awo gade so’a, kura lardəye Buhari ro bowozəna kəla shiye daraja am kura’a lardəye cida kolzanaye ro gayinro suro saa 2019 yen. [[Category:Wq/knc]] dra11gej6kk3z0nwpo2zmzg5wcajv0o 6685467 6685466 2025-06-13T17:41:37Z MohammedBama123 2571948 6685467 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Iyabo Obasanjo.png|thumb|Iyabo Obasanjo]] Iyabo Obasanjo (27 April 1967 lan katambo) shima senator Nigeriabe kureye kuru fero kura lardǝ Nigeriabe kureye, Olusegun Obasanjo-a kamunzǝ Oluremi Obasanjo-abe. ==Sumana== Nigeria lan kaziyi mbeji gultədə shima awo bayantəyewo. Am hikimawudə kərtəgə, ndaran yaye bana-a shawari-a isayin. Am do wasika kureye dəga walta baksana də loktu banaza awo do suro bayanna dəyen dagəna dəro ja’awu sadin, awo gade so’a, kura lardəye Buhari ro bowozəna kəla shiye daraja am kura’a lardəye cida kolzanaye ro gayinro suro saa 2019 yen. [[Category:Wq/knc]] q5e3lj73alsxabuwu9ocbpimf5viixp 6685468 6685467 2025-06-13T17:42:44Z MohammedBama123 2571948 /* Sumana */ 6685468 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Iyabo Obasanjo.png|thumb|Iyabo Obasanjo]] Iyabo Obasanjo (27 April 1967 lan katambo) shima senator Nigeriabe kureye kuru fero kura lardǝ Nigeriabe kureye, Olusegun Obasanjo-a kamunzǝ Oluremi Obasanjo-abe. ==Sumana== Nigeria lan kaziyi mbeji gultədə shima awo bayantəyewo. Am hikimawudə kərtəgə, ndaran yaye bana-a shawari-a isayin. Am do wasika kureye dəga walta baksana də loktu banaza awo do suro bayanna dəyen dagəna dəro ja’awu sadin, awo gade so’a, kura lardəye Buhari ro bowozəna kəla shiye daraja am kura’a lardəye cida kolzanaye ro gayinro suro saa 2019 yen. [https://theeagleonline.com.ng/iyabo-obasanjo-bello-to-buhari-heed-my-fathers-advice-retire-in-2019/] [[Category:Wq/knc]] 22lqti292e6gy0dhtseyj3e3aeanz1h 0 3608846 6685471 2025-06-13T18:05:21Z Didierwiki 2601876 introduction d'article baoulé 6685471 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] m973l8ie6nr08bstlp3r61bgui7yw5o 6685472 6685471 2025-06-13T18:07:19Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685472 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman . == [[Category:Wp/bci]] p2brqyy2efvitfogj1q743gkmby3a8h 6685481 6685472 2025-06-13T18:14:06Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman . */ Ajout de paragraphe 6685481 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge [[Category:Wp/bci]] 47ewr7oh4kh7adtdkl0ipkx0t0ubqtr 6685482 6685481 2025-06-13T18:15:05Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685482 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == [[Category:Wp/bci]] rmtiij03n2jyxy1ircwawdcd3jxig5o 6685485 6685482 2025-06-13T18:17:41Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sran mu */ Ajout de phrase 6685485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. [[Category:Wp/bci]] ja780qnbmsv2nv8hcgyi0ld0tlq196a 6685487 6685485 2025-06-13T18:19:19Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == [[Category:Wp/bci]] i2x2a518bczvnsnib1esn0aglj7qq3o 6685490 6685487 2025-06-13T18:22:14Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Aniɛn */ Ajout de paragraphe 6685490 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == Be aniɛn’n yɛle Dan, ɔ ti Mande aniɛn kun mɔ sran kɔe miliɔn kun be kan i, be nu sran 800.000 be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ (1993), sran 175.000 be o Liberia lɔ (1993), yɛ sran ya kaka be o Guine lɔ (2001). [[Category:Wp/bci]] oi3tpczpzin1yg060m9qdlpdsmsoecl 6685491 6685490 2025-06-13T18:25:50Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == Be aniɛn’n yɛle Dan, ɔ ti Mande aniɛn kun mɔ sran kɔe miliɔn kun be kan i, be nu sran 800.000 be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ (1993), sran 175.000 be o Liberia lɔ (1993), yɛ sran ya kaka be o Guine lɔ (2001). == Sika kundelɛ == [[Category:Wp/bci]] t4j7vemf7o44j46m6r8zaw4lnqjpa1u 6685492 6685491 2025-06-13T18:26:41Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sika kundelɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6685492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == Be aniɛn’n yɛle Dan, ɔ ti Mande aniɛn kun mɔ sran kɔe miliɔn kun be kan i, be nu sran 800.000 be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ (1993), sran 175.000 be o Liberia lɔ (1993), yɛ sran ya kaka be o Guine lɔ (2001). == Sika kundelɛ == Be liɛ, be ti fie difuɛ. [[Category:Wp/bci]] scpo6n9pvxi7v1rj2ds9aycfwo7teox 6685493 6685492 2025-06-13T18:27:59Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == Be aniɛn’n yɛle Dan, ɔ ti Mande aniɛn kun mɔ sran kɔe miliɔn kun be kan i, be nu sran 800.000 be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ (1993), sran 175.000 be o Liberia lɔ (1993), yɛ sran ya kaka be o Guine lɔ (2001). == Sika kundelɛ == Be liɛ, be ti fie difuɛ. == Laha like == [[Category:Wp/bci]] e67ea9yt79jbud72mumb7hr35vtkomc 6685494 6685493 2025-06-13T18:31:06Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Laha like */ Ajout de phrase 6685494 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == Be aniɛn’n yɛle Dan, ɔ ti Mande aniɛn kun mɔ sran kɔe miliɔn kun be kan i, be nu sran 800.000 be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ (1993), sran 175.000 be o Liberia lɔ (1993), yɛ sran ya kaka be o Guine lɔ (2001). == Sika kundelɛ == Be liɛ, be ti fie difuɛ. == Laha like == Be waka be su ninnge nga be yili be, be dunman w’a fu kpa, i li waka sran mu yɛ be si be kpa ɔ. [[Category:Wp/bci]] a7cc3b6ravlrdxttgfn5s5h8sdfuuss 6685497 6685494 2025-06-13T18:34:10Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Laha like */ ajout des masque 6685497 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == Be aniɛn’n yɛle Dan, ɔ ti Mande aniɛn kun mɔ sran kɔe miliɔn kun be kan i, be nu sran 800.000 be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ (1993), sran 175.000 be o Liberia lɔ (1993), yɛ sran ya kaka be o Guine lɔ (2001). == Sika kundelɛ == Be liɛ, be ti fie difuɛ. == Laha like == Be waka be su ninnge nga be yili be, be dunman w’a fu kpa, i li waka sran mu yɛ be si be kpa ɔ. <gallery mode="packed"> Masque dan1-romanceor.jpg|Masque WLA brooklynmuseum monkey mask.jpg|Masque [[Wp/bci/Brooklyn Museum|Brooklyn Museum]] Cuiller Dan-Côte d'Ivoire.jpg|Cuiller à visage féminin [[Wp/bci/Musée du quai Branly|Musée du quai Branly]] WLA brooklynmuseum Dan Storage Box 19th century.jpg|Boîte [[Wp/bci/Brooklyn Museum|Brooklyn Museum]] Bracelets de cheville. Culture Dan.jpg|Bracelets de cheville Collection [[Wp/bci/Gallieni|Gallieni]] [[Wp/bci/MHNT|MHNT]] </gallery> [[Category:Wp/bci]] mmys4k5fhe5pxwx6p6cn38rho7k5i4l 6685506 6685497 2025-06-13T18:41:31Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de liens interwiki à [[d:Q1804699]] 6685506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan''' (be flɛ i ekun kɛ '''Yacouba'''), annzɛ sɛ é kwla sé, Danwopeumin “be nga be kan Dan aniɛn” , be ti sran ble mɛn i wia atɔliɛ lɔfuɛ be nvle kun mɔ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika nu dan, be mantan klɔ nga be flɛ be kɛ Man, ni Danané, ni Biankouma, ni Zouan-Hounien, ni Sipilou, ni Sangouiné, ɔ ni Toulepleu i bue kun. Toulepleu ti Yacouba klɔ kun, i bo yɛle kɛ "Troh klɔ" Yacouba aniɛn nun. Guérés fuɛ be tranni lɔ kaka kpa. Andɛ, kannzɛ bɔbɔ Yacouba fuɛ be te o Toulepleu lɔ, sanngɛ klɔ sɔ sufuɛ be dan lika be ti Guéré. Dan Yacouba i nvle wie be tran Libéria i nglo lɔ lika i bue kun lɔ wie, ɔ ni oka Nimba lɔ klɔ su lɔ, ɔ mantan Tappita lɔ klɔ, ɔ ni Guine lɔ. Ɔ ti nvle kun mɔ i nu, amouin be di junman cinnjin kpa sran be siesielɛ nu. == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ be bo, e wun wafa uflɛ wie mun ekun: Dan-Gioh, Dans, Ge, Gioh, Gio, Gué, Guio, Gyo, Yacouba, Yacoubas, Yacuba, Yakouba, Yakuba, Toura, kla, Yaonigbè.yuanoge == Sran mu == Be kwlaa nga be o lɛ afuɛ 2021 nu, be ti sran 3.000.000. == Aniɛn == Be aniɛn’n yɛle Dan, ɔ ti Mande aniɛn kun mɔ sran kɔe miliɔn kun be kan i, be nu sran 800.000 be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ (1993), sran 175.000 be o Liberia lɔ (1993), yɛ sran ya kaka be o Guine lɔ (2001). == Sika kundelɛ == Be liɛ, be ti fie difuɛ. == Laha like == Be waka be su ninnge nga be yili be, be dunman w’a fu kpa, i li waka sran mu yɛ be si be kpa ɔ. <gallery mode="packed"> Masque dan1-romanceor.jpg|Masque WLA brooklynmuseum monkey mask.jpg|Masque [[Wp/bci/Brooklyn Museum|Brooklyn Museum]] Cuiller Dan-Côte d'Ivoire.jpg|Cuiller à visage féminin [[Wp/bci/Musée du quai Branly|Musée du quai Branly]] WLA brooklynmuseum Dan Storage Box 19th century.jpg|Boîte [[Wp/bci/Brooklyn Museum|Brooklyn Museum]] Bracelets de cheville. Culture Dan.jpg|Bracelets de cheville Collection [[Wp/bci/Gallieni|Gallieni]] [[Wp/bci/MHNT|MHNT]] </gallery> [[Category:Wp/bci]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1804699}} pgrq4i3yamnnbov80re8lk5ytirlofi 3 3608847 6685488 2025-06-13T18:21:01Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685488 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 18:21, 13 June 2025 (UTC) 825o5kkfktso2ihzvc5gfcgmhk64o52 3 3608848 6685504 2025-06-13T18:38:54Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685504 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 18:38, 13 June 2025 (UTC) 1s7oed6ctoziyu82vz46rgb13llcbju 0 3608849 6685507 2025-06-13T18:51:52Z Didierwiki 2601876 introduction d'article baoulé 6685507 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . [[Category:Wp/bci]] 25ntxk0bzl4xpj2scpptl801fa2lf96 6685508 6685507 2025-06-13T18:54:06Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685508 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == [[Category:Wp/bci]] aepnd9m388phvg3erw615ys7ditlr07 6685522 6685508 2025-06-13T18:57:40Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman */ Ajout de phrase 6685522 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc [[Category:Wp/bci]] sa28qvxvidsx2nfm31wio98w467i9v8 6685524 6685522 2025-06-13T19:00:01Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685524 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == [[Category:Wp/bci]] l9zygiea2vlwfoiy61qkex70ke67bke 6685525 6685524 2025-06-13T19:01:01Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Laa n'dɛ */ ajout de sous titre 1 6685525 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === [[Category:Wp/bci]] lhgjrromdkrdo26qlw85ro1ddli8e3s 6685563 6685525 2025-06-13T21:33:39Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Lika n'ga be fi */ Ajout de phrase 6685563 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] il0fxexj2e5c0fu6lqoq7oqncmcjkei 6685564 6685563 2025-06-13T21:40:21Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Lika n'ga be fi */ Ajout de phrase 6685564 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. [[Category:Wp/bci]] 9cvq45nesby1yedzxeuxlrfqvh1hgx3 6685567 6685564 2025-06-13T21:43:48Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Lika n'ga be fi */ Ajout de phrase 6685567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] 6sufg9khg76slaugw0ramme49vqpy5p 6685568 6685567 2025-06-13T21:45:27Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Lika n'ga be fi */ Ajout de phrase 6685568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] qtr6mktdj3d7ghkyh7hvf41b9qhbej3 6685569 6685568 2025-06-13T21:48:10Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Lika n'ga be fi */ Ajout de paragraphe 6685569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. [[Category:Wp/bci]] 1len904iimjvs4wsrzlso7knwcykum6 6685576 6685569 2025-06-13T21:49:54Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Laa n'dɛ */ ajout de sous titre 1 6685576 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === [[Category:Wp/bci]] gn8w6phlp2tn9smoutza8o3fmkr7lkp 6685577 6685576 2025-06-13T21:56:19Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Andɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6685577 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). [[Category:Wp/bci]] 19gfu2jovcam9ch6gzioed3j09lnc7g 6685578 6685577 2025-06-13T22:01:52Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Andɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6685578 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. [[Category:Wp/bci]] ar3xqi3g04lvx8wrnhbzrhk576qejc7 6685579 6685578 2025-06-13T22:03:35Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Laa n'dɛ */ ajout de sous titre 1 6685579 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === [[Category:Wp/bci]] j6udg52iuj75wjkzlus93bqkkmolz04 6685580 6685579 2025-06-13T22:09:07Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ */ Ajout de phrase 6685580 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. [[Category:Wp/bci]] sqfe2uh8tfeke8pqe4iiehs28zds7tp 6685581 6685580 2025-06-13T22:11:29Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6685581 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == [[Category:Wp/bci]] q90lm8745og0fkthc98ll7nxs7eqm8x 6685582 6685581 2025-06-13T22:12:38Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba */ ajout de sous titre 1 6685582 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === [[Category:Wp/bci]] 3ennsphes3o5cnmzfc5wgs4i3gkz97b 6685583 6685582 2025-06-13T22:16:12Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Famiɛn dilɛ wafa */ Ajout de phrase 6685583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. [[Category:Wp/bci]] 8j2wmdbgnxgu55wfz8p3frzcj5l5fc5 6685592 6685583 2025-06-13T22:22:07Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Famiɛn dilɛ wafa */ Ajout de phrase 6685592 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. [[Category:Wp/bci]] ng47awjxkgmw4bkw9xo02i5l6d5fkzo 6685605 6685592 2025-06-13T22:37:29Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Famiɛn dilɛ wafa */ Ajout de phrase 6685605 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. [[Category:Wp/bci]] huux238xrz92bkj9u6amrp8sbqppuup 6685613 6685605 2025-06-13T22:44:22Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Famiɛn dilɛ wafa */ Ajout de phrase 6685613 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] hbnya3tzrtv6q78l4h9grwex8ktgnds 6685615 6685613 2025-06-13T22:46:55Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba */ ajout de sous titre 1 6685615 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika sielɛ === [[Category:Wp/bci]] 908u9wo17vtz7jo2r1hl89gszfhasgs 6685626 6685615 2025-06-13T22:54:21Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sika sielɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6685626 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika sielɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. [[Category:Wp/bci]] solizzy10hcqd5ymqhrcpw5v8yai0eh 6685630 6685626 2025-06-13T22:57:47Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sika sielɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6685630 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika sielɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. [[Category:Wp/bci]] k4qqbl620w2kbh1p2a56dxp5wlb3wuq 6685632 6685630 2025-06-13T23:02:13Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sika sielɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6685632 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika sielɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. [[Category:Wp/bci]] czzqdsnwlrcp0thgydcql531xwuhwkz 6686103 6685632 2025-06-14T08:27:39Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Sika sielɛ */ Modification du nom 6686103 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. [[Category:Wp/bci]] bmts3g85oer29m4wfhhrjcc9jt9utvm 6686104 6686103 2025-06-14T08:31:52Z Didierwiki 2601876 ajout de sous titre 1 6686104 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === [[Category:Wp/bci]] q1re0o4ty1fpv70rvun6mix4lzo3eb4 6686108 6686104 2025-06-14T08:37:11Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ */ Ajout de phrase 6686108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. [[Category:Wp/bci]] 57sbgng8ozk97k99wvuul5my40mzj2q 6686109 6686108 2025-06-14T08:38:20Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 6686109 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == [[Category:Wp/bci]] fmjwfnlyzznadmqocvs7xxiokmerkfr 6686110 6686109 2025-06-14T08:39:19Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Laha like */ ajout de sous titre 1 6686110 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === [[Category:Wp/bci]] jcfc1222gaq41pw5opkfgkq081uvdyv 6686111 6686110 2025-06-14T08:41:35Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Anien */ Ajout de phrase 6686111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] qx4faioida23a5073ahepnvpg8ywqq3 6686114 6686111 2025-06-14T08:47:53Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Laha like */ ajout de sous titre 1 6686114 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Gnamien sulɛ === [[Category:Wp/bci]] cnbjexwx69l996xkbo08m7mhzqiju3l 6686115 6686114 2025-06-14T08:52:01Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Gnamien sulɛ */ ajout de sous titre 1 6686115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Gnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Gnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. [[Category:Wp/bci]] bne9cg0qcvstje3z9ukqsws01egfk6r 6686117 6686115 2025-06-14T09:03:55Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Gnamien sulɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6686117 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. [[Category:Wp/bci]] 8trtj55kemdgvhfe390i9y10twksy4g 6686119 6686117 2025-06-14T09:07:13Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Ɲnamien sulɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6686119 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] s6wgkesghetduysrgj65755wqnuqk3f 6686120 6686119 2025-06-14T09:10:42Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Ɲnamien sulɛ */ Ajout de phrase 6686120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. [[Category:Wp/bci]] iwg4hxs5lschupji9nt8otkoe83erc5 6686122 6686120 2025-06-14T09:17:31Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Ɲnamien sulɛ */ ajout de sous titre 1 6686122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. === Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn === [[Category:Wp/bci]] 69witoukzlb41m68i6tguq0di0hvvna 6686124 6686122 2025-06-14T09:21:23Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn */ Ajout de phrase 6686124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. === Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn === Agnis be di avie ni manda aliɛ ni agba be entre 20 ni 50% be aliɛ dilɛ nun, sanngɛ be wla fiman duo su. [[Category:Wp/bci]] cq6wqgo7p686xf3252wcpe5g6nc70px 6686125 6686124 2025-06-14T09:23:29Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman */ Ajout de titre de section 6686125 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. === Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn === Agnis be di avie ni manda aliɛ ni agba be entre 20 ni 50% be aliɛ dilɛ nun, sanngɛ be wla fiman duo su. == Awlobo == [[Category:Wp/bci]] mx6r98iym6fknovdl4yor1fgkg6jvej 6686126 6686125 2025-06-14T09:26:11Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Awlobo */ Ajout de phrase 6686126 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. === Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn === Agnis be di avie ni manda aliɛ ni agba be entre 20 ni 50% be aliɛ dilɛ nun, sanngɛ be wla fiman duo su. === Awlobo === Kɛ ɔ ko yo naan sran ng’ɔ kunndɛ kɛ ɔ ja bla wa kwla ja bla, ɔ fata kɛ ɔ man bla i sika nsan: [[Category:Wp/bci]] nibu8omg1kr4hz01clqgs88ynqz7cin 6686128 6686126 2025-06-14T09:38:14Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Awlobo */ Ajout de groupe de mots 6686128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. === Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn === Agnis be di avie ni manda aliɛ ni agba be entre 20 ni 50% be aliɛ dilɛ nun, sanngɛ be wla fiman duo su. === Awlobo === Kɛ ɔ ko yo naan sran ng’ɔ kunndɛ kɛ ɔ ja bla wa kwla ja bla, ɔ fata kɛ ɔ man bla i sika nsan: * ''Bla-ô-kale'' : sika nu ukalɛ naan ba nian bla ngɔ wa ja i lika * ''Adyia-tila'' : Ba nonman nige tolɛ * ''Bé-ti-sika'' : ɔ bo talua ni i si ni i ni be nu. Ɔ kaci bla . [[Category:Wp/bci]] b64aq3yht71xjdrlnq2saqvwqz3j6ep 6686132 6686128 2025-06-14T09:44:40Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Awlobo */ Ajout de phrase 6686132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. === Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn === Agnis be di avie ni manda aliɛ ni agba be entre 20 ni 50% be aliɛ dilɛ nun, sanngɛ be wla fiman duo su. === Awlobo === Kɛ ɔ ko yo naan sran ng’ɔ kunndɛ kɛ ɔ ja bla wa kwla ja bla, ɔ fata kɛ ɔ man bla i sika nsan: * ''Bla-ô-kale'' : sika nu ukalɛ naan ba nian bla ngɔ wa ja i lika * ''Adyia-tila'' : Ba nonman nige tolɛ * ''Bé-ti-sika'' : ɔ bo talua ni i si ni i ni be nu. Ɔ kaci bla . Laa, be tu sran ng’ɔ kundɛ bla annzɛ bian i fɔ kekle kpa. Be fuanni be nga be yoli sa tɛ klɔ su lɔ, kɔkun siɛn sran kwlaa le nguan annzɛ wie kwlalɛ be su. [[Category:Wp/bci]] rtub77wz1zb83nzw2fjw4se14lr06qo 6686135 6686132 2025-06-14T09:51:19Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Awlobo */ Ajout de phrase 6686135 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnifuɛ''' mu be ti sran ble mɛn i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sran 1.200.000, be tran Côte d’Ivoire lɔ. Be o Ghana m’ɔ mantan be i nu lɔ wie. Be yɛ be ti sran klikli nga be ni Erɔpufuɛ be yiali afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 nu niɔn . == Nvle annzɛ akpasua akpasua be dunman == Kɛ ɔ fin ndɛ i bo, e nian wafa fanu fanu: Agnis, Ani, Anya, Anyi, Anyis, Ndenie, Sanwi, etc == Laa n'dɛ == === Lika n'ga be fi === Afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 18 i bo bolɛ nu, kɛ Agni klikli fin Aowin m’ɔ o laa Côte d’Or lɔ, ɔ ni Akanfuɛ uflɛ m’ɔ fin Ashanti be dili awɛ andɛ Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu. Assaboufuɛ mu yɛ be yo yɛ Wawlefuɛ be ti andɛ Côte d’Ivoire lɔ i bo bolɛ nuon. Kɛ Amalaman Ano ukali be naan ba yi Sanwi famiɛn diwlɛ, be fali be atin be ɔli Abi nzue ba nu lɔ. I sin, be nu wie mɔ i sin bea yo Mrôfo akpasua, be ko trannin lika nga andɛ be flɛ i kɛ Songon i nu. Asa ekun, be takali Indénié famiɛn diwlɛ Comoé i nuan lɔ, yɛle Moronou liɛ, ɔ ni Agnis Mrôfo ni Djuablin be o nu. Ɔ fata kɛ e fa e ɲi e sie su ekun kɛ sran akpasua uflɛ wie be o lɛ, kɛ Agnis-Assonvon m’ɔ o Ebilassokro lɔ, m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia afiliɛ lɔ lika nu sa, ɔ ni Agni akpasua dan kun m’ɔ o Tiassalé lɔ. === Andɛ === Andɛ, Agnisfuɛ be tran Côte d’Ivoire i lika sunman nu, Abengourou, ni Agnibilékrou, ɔ ni Koun-Fao (Indenie-Djuablin lɔ), ni Arra, ni Bongouanou, ni Andé ni M’Batto (Moronou lɔ), ɔ ni Tiassalé (Agnéby-Maferé assa su lɔ, ni Aboisso assa su lɔ), ɔ ni Sud-Comoé). Be o Ifou lɔ lika nu lɔ wie, ɔ ni Zanzan lɔ, ɔ ni Ghana lɔ. === Klɔ nga be o ngua lɔ === Klɔ dandan sɔ be su, kɛ ɔ fɛ i afuɛ 1990 nu, sran be afiɛn ti nu, afin bonu fuɛ be bo su yo kun lika wie be nu ekun, ɔ ni kacɛnu fuɛ be sufuɛ nga be dan lika be tu be bo. == Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ, mɔ be le mmla kunngba == === Famiɛn dilɛ wafa === Akan famiɛn dilɛ wafa ti famiɛn dilɛ wafa: be falɛ fin famiɛn dilɛ wafa nga be fa cɛ sran, mɔ i ti, awlobo kunngba nufuɛ be kwla fa kwlalɛ be di junman. I sɔ ni mla nga be flɛ i kɛ règle générale des successions de la tribu régnante m’ɔ sie laa sa be su, ɔ ni Ghana m’ɔ mantan be afiɛn, ɔ ni afuɛ ya kpɔlɛ 17 i awieliɛ lɔ be kɔ likawlɛ. Ka naan Aflansi w’a fa be w’a sie be mɛn, Akanfuɛ be yili famiɛn diwlɛ kun mɔ politiki nu sran be ti famiɛn, mɔ i djanu sran ukɛ i. Sran akpasua mɔ be tran likawlɛ nga be ka be ti sran akpasua nsan: sran dandan mu, ni be nga be le be ti, ɔ ni junman difuɛ mu. === Sika kundelɛ === Agnisfuɛ be ti asiɛ ni bo fuɛ, yɛ be kacili fie difuɛ mɔ be fie be nu yɛ be ɲan sika niɔn. Kɛ mɔ ba sonman ti, be kwla fali sran uflɛ nga be tu be bo lɔ kɛ Mossis mu sa be wlɛli i nu, afin be fali fie difuɛ be junman be mannin be. Be cɛcɛ fie be nu, sanngɛ asiɛ i min yɛ ɔ ɲan su ye kpa ɔ, ɔ maan anuannzɛ nu, sran be kwlalɛ timan kun. === Kɛ be si kɛ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ === Ayamé lɔ, afuɛ 1998 nu lɔ, Agnis ni Bozos (Mali lɔ jue trafuɛ) be afiɛn sacili. I klikli nu, sran be tranni fɔundi nu Côte d’Ivoire lɔ, afin sika ndɛ ti kpa, ɔ yo sran kwlaa ye. == Laha like == === Anien === Agni aniɛn o Niger ni Congo aniɛn be nu. Be waan be nga be kan aniɛn sɔ, be ti sran 250.000 Comoé du Sud lɔ lika nu. === Ɲnamien sulɛ === Agnifuɛ be nu, Ɲnamiɛn ɲrun jranfuɛ yɛle Komianfuɛ’n. Ghana ni Côte d’Ivoire lɔ Akan be nvle be nu, sran kwlaa ng’ɔ si bae dilɛ, yɛ ɔ si sɔ ɔ. Komianfuɛ be kwla kle famiɛn be like nga be si i, annzɛ be kwla kan ayiman ndɛ.Be Ɲanmiɛn sulɛ wafa nga be fa yo , ɔ yo maan be wun nige nga sran ngbɛn ngbɛn be wunmin be wlɛ, be wlɛ. Be fali Komifuɛ mu be sieli anuannzɛ be nu. Togo lɔ asɔnu kpɛnngbɛn nga be o ''Church of Pentecost'' lɔ, be fali be wun wlali Agnis m’ɔ be o Ghana lɔ, ɔ ni i sin, m’ɔ be o Côte d’Ivoire lɔ be nu kpa afuɛ 1950 nu. === Like nga be di, ɔ ni nga be nɔn naan ba ɲan wunmiɛn === Agnis be di avie ni manda aliɛ ni agba be entre 20 ni 50% be aliɛ dilɛ nun, sanngɛ be wla fiman duo su. === Awlobo === Kɛ ɔ ko yo naan sran ng’ɔ kunndɛ kɛ ɔ ja bla wa kwla ja bla, ɔ fata kɛ ɔ man bla i sika nsan: * ''Bla-ô-kale'' : sika nu ukalɛ naan ba nian bla ngɔ wa ja i lika * ''Adyia-tila'' : Ba nonman nige tolɛ * ''Bé-ti-sika'' : ɔ bo talua ni i si ni i ni be nu. Ɔ kaci bla . Laa, be tu sran ng’ɔ kundɛ bla annzɛ bian i fɔ kekle kpa. Be fuanni be nga be yoli sa tɛ klɔ su lɔ, kɔkun siɛn sran kwlaa le nguan annzɛ wie kwlalɛ be su. Ɔ fata kɛ bla nga be kundɛ kpanngban nga be kloli be’n be nanwlɛ naan b’a de be mma mun nin be bɔbɔ be nguan’n, awuliɛ kekle nun. Ɔ fata kɛ yasua’n yaci cɛ be. [[Category:Wp/bci]] j3r5cfyhbszaofm57o8bib9i38ys4yk 0 3608850 6685509 2025-06-13T18:54:47Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685509 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/apc/13 حزيران|13 حزيران]] dzwcxnqk28zcbwttekgyag065vsoj83 1 3608851 6685510 2025-06-13T18:54:52Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/apc/DiscussionHeader}} <!-- مواضيع النقاش الجديدة تحت هاد السطر --> lpqvg4b21fnrigbs93v0i21p1gj44qw 10 3608852 6685511 2025-06-13T18:55:03Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685511 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/13 حزيران|13 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Martin_Luther,_1528_(Veste_Coburg).jpg | caption = مارتن لوثر | border = no | caption align = right }} fkt47ig3ezc37wojo5jbiseramjos9n 6685513 6685511 2025-06-13T18:55:32Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تعديل 6685513 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/13 حزيران|13 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Martin_Luther,_1528_(Veste_Coburg).jpg | caption = مارتن لوثر | border = no | caption align = right }} [[Wp/apc/1525|1525]] – مارتن لوثر إتجوّز (بالصورة) كاتارينا فون بورا، و بهالشي بلّش تقليد زواج رجال الدين بالبروتستانتية. [[Wp/apc/1881|1881]] – بعثة جانيت اللي كانت عم تحاول توصل للقطب الشمالي من المحيط الهادئ عبر مضيق بيرينغ، خلصت لما سفينة يو إس إس جانيت انهرست و غرقت بعد ما كانت محاصرة بالجليد تقريباً سنتين. [[Wp/apc/1952|1952]] – طيارات سوفييتية أسقطت طيارة عسكرية سويدية كانت عم تعمل عمليات تجسس إلكتروني، و بعد تلات أيام، أسقطو طيارة تانية كانت عم تدوّر على الأولى. [[Wp/apc/1969|1969]] – حاكم تكساس بريستون سميث وقّع قانون بيحوّل وحدة أبحاث تابعة لتكساس إنسترومنتس لجامعة تكساس بدالاس. [[Wp/apc/2013|2013]] – انمسك عدد من أقرب المستشارين و المتعاونين مع رئيس وزرا تشيكيا بيتر نيتشاس بتهم فساد. rnxzrwdxmk6iekkf3ts5i8jniq0yi19 6685514 6685513 2025-06-13T18:55:49Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تعديل 6685514 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/13 حزيران|13 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Martin_Luther,_1528_(Veste_Coburg).jpg | caption = مارتن لوثر | border = no | caption align = right }} * [[Wp/apc/1525|1525]] – مارتن لوثر إتجوّز (بالصورة) كاتارينا فون بورا، و بهالشي بلّش تقليد زواج رجال الدين بالبروتستانتية. * [[Wp/apc/1881|1881]] – بعثة جانيت اللي كانت عم تحاول توصل للقطب الشمالي من المحيط الهادئ عبر مضيق بيرينغ، خلصت لما سفينة يو إس إس جانيت انهرست و غرقت بعد ما كانت محاصرة بالجليد تقريباً سنتين. * [[Wp/apc/1952|1952]] – طيارات سوفييتية أسقطت طيارة عسكرية سويدية كانت عم تعمل عمليات تجسس إلكتروني، و بعد تلات أيام، أسقطو طيارة تانية كانت عم تدوّر على الأولى. * [[Wp/apc/1969|1969]] – حاكم تكساس بريستون سميث وقّع قانون بيحوّل وحدة أبحاث تابعة لتكساس إنسترومنتس لجامعة تكساس بدالاس. * [[Wp/apc/2013|2013]] – انمسك عدد من أقرب المستشارين و المتعاونين مع رئيس وزرا تشيكيا بيتر نيتشاس بتهم فساد. 1cs6xarg1kh57v9jzsadld3wtanwqku 6685515 6685514 2025-06-13T18:56:14Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تعديل 6685515 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/13 حزيران|13 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Martin_Luther,_1528_(Veste_Coburg).jpg | caption = مارتن لوثر | border = no | caption align = right }} * [[Wp/apc/1525|1525]] – مارتن لوثر إتجوّز (بالصورة) كاتارينا فون بورا، و بهالشي بلّش تقليد زواج رجال الدين بالبروتستانتية. * [[Wp/apc/1881|1881]] – بعثة جانيت اللي كانت عم تحاول توصل للقطب الشمالي من المحيط الهادئ عبر مضيق بيرينغ، خلصت لما سفينة يو إس إس جانيت انهرست و غرقت بعد ما كانت محاصرة بالجليد تقريباً سنتين. * [[Wp/apc/1952|1952]] – طيارات سوفييتية أسقطت طيارة عسكرية سويدية كانت عم تعمل عمليات تجسس إلكتروني، و بعد تلات أيام، أسقطو طيارة تانية كانت عم تدوّر على الأولى. * [[Wp/apc/1969|1969]] – حاكم تكساس بريستون سميث وقّع قانون بيحوّل وحدة أبحاث تابعة لتكساس إنسترومنتس لجامعة تكساس بدالاس. * [[Wp/apc/2013|2013]] – انمسك عدد من أقرب المستشارين و المتعاونين مع رئيس وزرا تشيكيا بيتر نيتشاس بتهم فساد. <noinclude> {{INTERWIKI|Q5669263}} [[Category:Wp/apc/مناسبات مختارة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] </noinclude> n5x5o5qm3bs2t88cwhrayfl7c3a5u6e 6685516 6685515 2025-06-13T18:56:27Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٣ حزيران]] to [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران]] 6685515 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/13 حزيران|13 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Martin_Luther,_1528_(Veste_Coburg).jpg | caption = مارتن لوثر | border = no | caption align = right }} * [[Wp/apc/1525|1525]] – مارتن لوثر إتجوّز (بالصورة) كاتارينا فون بورا، و بهالشي بلّش تقليد زواج رجال الدين بالبروتستانتية. * [[Wp/apc/1881|1881]] – بعثة جانيت اللي كانت عم تحاول توصل للقطب الشمالي من المحيط الهادئ عبر مضيق بيرينغ، خلصت لما سفينة يو إس إس جانيت انهرست و غرقت بعد ما كانت محاصرة بالجليد تقريباً سنتين. * [[Wp/apc/1952|1952]] – طيارات سوفييتية أسقطت طيارة عسكرية سويدية كانت عم تعمل عمليات تجسس إلكتروني، و بعد تلات أيام، أسقطو طيارة تانية كانت عم تدوّر على الأولى. * [[Wp/apc/1969|1969]] – حاكم تكساس بريستون سميث وقّع قانون بيحوّل وحدة أبحاث تابعة لتكساس إنسترومنتس لجامعة تكساس بدالاس. * [[Wp/apc/2013|2013]] – انمسك عدد من أقرب المستشارين و المتعاونين مع رئيس وزرا تشيكيا بيتر نيتشاس بتهم فساد. <noinclude> {{INTERWIKI|Q5669263}} [[Category:Wp/apc/مناسبات مختارة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] </noinclude> n5x5o5qm3bs2t88cwhrayfl7c3a5u6e 11 3608853 6685512 2025-06-13T18:55:08Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/apc/DiscussionHeader}} <!-- مواضيع النقاش الجديدة تحت هاد السطر --> lpqvg4b21fnrigbs93v0i21p1gj44qw 6685518 6685512 2025-06-13T18:56:27Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٣ حزيران]] to [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران]] 6685512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/apc/DiscussionHeader}} <!-- مواضيع النقاش الجديدة تحت هاد السطر --> lpqvg4b21fnrigbs93v0i21p1gj44qw 10 3608854 6685517 2025-06-13T18:56:27Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٣ حزيران]] to [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران]] 6685517 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران]] j0j00mkah0arhbgcmv5jz3g3qcdcttp 11 3608855 6685519 2025-06-13T18:56:27Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٣ حزيران]] to [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران]] 6685519 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/13 حزيران]] 2q23etxvneznfpt3mxtf6ny32qudeda 0 3608856 6685530 2025-06-13T19:21:04Z Orac Chan 2595438 Created page with "Kutak Sasak iete kutak je inuturkan awi Uluh Sasak melai pulau Lombok hung Nusa Tanggara Barat, Indonesia. [[Category:Wp/nij]]" 6685530 wikitext text/x-wiki Kutak Sasak iete kutak je inuturkan awi Uluh Sasak melai pulau Lombok hung Nusa Tanggara Barat, Indonesia. [[Category:Wp/nij]] f6tsy00d4f8mfjhp8pdypq7u50307p3 6685531 6685530 2025-06-13T19:21:38Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685531 wikitext text/x-wiki Kutak Sasak iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. [[Category:Wp/nij]] puyu3jldgh6hxo81yxvby4y9i9z04eq 6685532 6685531 2025-06-13T19:22:15Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685532 wikitext text/x-wiki Kutak Sasak iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Jawa hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. [[Category:Wp/nij]] rjlu3edvd1pd08i3n5678u9muc1etk8 6685533 6685532 2025-06-13T19:23:09Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685533 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. [[Category:Wp/nij]] rwoazbqf42rxap153v0yyuso1r0l5ws 6685534 6685533 2025-06-13T19:23:30Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685534 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == [[Category:Wp/nij]] gt42xk5xfhe2nptbfnge0gfmxlls2dz 6685535 6685534 2025-06-13T19:24:57Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Rumpun kutak */ 6685535 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang rumpun kutak Austronesia, ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau kutak Sumbawa tuntang kutak Bali. [[Category:Wp/nij]] 7ka4bnpjyi6d3480l691hhq5xyajz5u 6685536 6685535 2025-06-13T19:25:16Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Rumpun kutak */ 6685536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. [[Category:Wp/nij]] pnx5mkqmt6fcrgykoq5pvghj7m3bu3u 6685537 6685536 2025-06-13T19:25:35Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Rumpun kutak */ 6685537 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == [[Category:Wp/nij]] tb7rsul4wm7kyy6vnji3s40otxvql5t 6685538 6685537 2025-06-13T19:25:52Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Sistem Panyurat */ 6685538 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang Surat Latin tuntang Surat Bali. [[Category:Wp/nij]] 9zhkjlg7mcdu3ewt8wwwbbd8l0e5tzn 6685539 6685538 2025-06-13T19:26:09Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Sistem Panyurat */ 6685539 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]]. [[Category:Wp/nij]] 2wkmbmuxgwp9pjy9h6q9mroleki7esg 6685540 6685539 2025-06-13T19:28:34Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Sistem Panyurat */ 6685540 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] [[Category:Wp/nij]] 35n6t0e3zeb9ruww5s16upz8pxg9c0b 6685541 6685540 2025-06-13T19:28:58Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Sistem Panyurat */ 6685541 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == [[Category:Wp/nij]] mg07tc3mna2zkx59lpfiia2plek9m4m 6685542 6685541 2025-06-13T19:29:24Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Contoh teks */ 6685542 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal UDHR 1 je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang kutak Ngaju. [[Category:Wp/nij]] 9mnbuutu6xcy0osyyfroxhh6pltyrs5 6685543 6685542 2025-06-13T19:29:51Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Contoh teks */ 6685543 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. [[Category:Wp/nij]] amumyvf0rjmeqwehzr06biv6a2ih9qv 6685544 6685543 2025-06-13T19:31:24Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Contoh teks */ 6685544 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- |} [[Category:Wp/nij]] 4pd57pvio0xm61dbdn0z1bl00npq5te 6685545 6685544 2025-06-13T19:31:43Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Contoh teks */ 6685545 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} [[Category:Wp/nij]] 818o87q8d4omtekzlkkffq4sthsdp30 6685546 6685545 2025-06-13T19:32:09Z Orac Chan 2595438 /* Contoh teks */ 6685546 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} == Tampunan Bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] 68e2k0e42dwbf7pipb9hpd4o5lr90tm 6685547 6685546 2025-06-13T19:33:41Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685547 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; float: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kutak Sasak''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |- ! Pangucapan | colspan=2 | |- ! Inuturkan hong | colspan=2 | |- ! Wilayah | colspan=2 | |- ! Panutur | colspan=2 | |- ! [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak|Rumpun kutak]] | colspan=2 style="text-align:left; line-height:100%;" | |- ! Sistem panulisan | colspan=2 | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kode kutak''' |- ! ISO 639-1 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-2 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-3 | colspan=2 | |- ! Glottolog | colspan=2 | |- ! IETF | colspan=2 | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Status pamartahan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | [[File:Lang_Status_99-NE.svg|center|thumb|250x250px]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Lokasi panuturan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |} '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} == Tampunan Bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] 1pud3yrlkvf2bnkgmasjyfdwrgtzy07 6685548 6685547 2025-06-13T19:35:23Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685548 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; float: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kutak Sasak''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄<br>Base Sasak |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |- ! Pangucapan | colspan=2 | ba‧se sa‧sak |- ! Inuturkan hong | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]] |- ! Wilayah | colspan=2 | |- ! Panutur | colspan=2 | |- ! [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak|Rumpun kutak]] | colspan=2 style="text-align:left; line-height:100%;" | |- ! Sistem panulisan | colspan=2 | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kode kutak''' |- ! ISO 639-1 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-2 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-3 | colspan=2 | |- ! Glottolog | colspan=2 | |- ! IETF | colspan=2 | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Status pamartahan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | [[File:Lang_Status_99-NE.svg|center|thumb|250x250px]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Lokasi panuturan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |} '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} == Tampunan Bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] qcu80b8u8j57vvkeovjm93mgnvarsrw 6685549 6685548 2025-06-13T19:38:16Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685549 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; float: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kutak Sasak''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄<br>Base Sasak |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |- ! Pangucapan | colspan=2 | ba‧se sa‧sak |- ! Inuturkan hong | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]] |- ! Eka | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of West Nusa Tenggara.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]] |- ! Panutur | colspan=2 | 2.700.000 (2010) |- ! [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak|Rumpun kutak]] | colspan=2 style="text-align:left; line-height:100%;" | |- ! Sistem panulisan | colspan=2 | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kode kutak''' |- ! ISO 639-1 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-2 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-3 | colspan=2 | |- ! Glottolog | colspan=2 | |- ! IETF | colspan=2 | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Status pamartahan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | [[File:Lang_Status_99-NE.svg|center|thumb|250x250px]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Lokasi panuturan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |} '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite journal |last=Austin |first=Peter K. |date=2012 |title=Tense, Aspect, Mood and Evidentiality in Sasak, Eastern Indonesia |url=http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/132 |journal=Language Documentation and Description |volume=11 |pages=231–251 |language=en}}</ref>. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} == Tampunan Bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] 9gdiox4g2jungmm494jz9pp369xlcro 6685550 6685549 2025-06-13T19:40:18Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685550 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; float: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kutak Sasak''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄<br>Base Sasak |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |- ! Pangucapan | colspan=2 | ba‧se sa‧sak |- ! Inuturkan hong | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]] |- ! Eka | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of West Nusa Tenggara.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]] |- ! Panutur | colspan=2 | 2.700.000 (2010) |- ! [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak|Rumpun kutak]] | colspan=2 style="text-align:left; line-height:100%;" | [[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Austronesia|Austronesia]] <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px;padding-left:0"><li> [[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Malayu-Polinesia|Malayu-Polinesia]]<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li>[[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Malayu-Sumbawa|Malayu-Sumbawa]]<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li>[[Wp/nij/Kutak Sasak|Sasak]]</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> |- ! Sistem panulisan | colspan=2 | [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]]<br>[[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]]<br>[[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kode kutak''' |- ! ISO 639-1 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-2 | colspan=2 | |- ! ISO 639-3 | colspan=2 | |- ! Glottolog | colspan=2 | |- ! IETF | colspan=2 | |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Status pamartahan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | [[File:Lang_Status_99-NE.svg|center|thumb|250x250px]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Lokasi panuturan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |} '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite journal |last=Austin |first=Peter K. |date=2012 |title=Tense, Aspect, Mood and Evidentiality in Sasak, Eastern Indonesia |url=http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/132 |journal=Language Documentation and Description |volume=11 |pages=231–251 |language=en}}</ref>. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} == Tampunan Bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] f4sxk4j5obwqsoh1lwfiqanq6itxpow 6685551 6685550 2025-06-13T19:41:15Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685551 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; float: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kutak Sasak''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄<br>Base Sasak |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |- ! Pangucapan | colspan=2 | ba‧se sa‧sak |- ! Inuturkan hong | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]] |- ! Eka | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of West Nusa Tenggara.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]] |- ! Panutur | colspan=2 | 2.700.000 (2010) |- ! [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak|Rumpun kutak]] | colspan=2 style="text-align:left; line-height:100%;" | [[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Austronesia|Austronesia]] <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px;padding-left:0"><li> [[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Malayu-Polinesia|Malayu-Polinesia]]<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li>[[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Malayu-Sumbawa|Malayu-Sumbawa]]<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li>[[Wp/nij/Kutak Sasak|Sasak]]</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> |- ! Sistem panulisan | colspan=2 | [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]]<br>[[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]]<br>[[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kode kutak''' |- ! ISO 639-1 | colspan=2 | - |- ! ISO 639-2 | colspan=2 | sas |- ! ISO 639-3 | colspan=2 | sas |- ! Glottolog | colspan=2 | sasa1249 |- ! IETF | colspan=2 | sas |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Status pamartahan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | [[File:Lang_Status_99-NE.svg|center|thumb|250x250px]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Lokasi panuturan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |} '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite journal |last=Austin |first=Peter K. |date=2012 |title=Tense, Aspect, Mood and Evidentiality in Sasak, Eastern Indonesia |url=http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/132 |journal=Language Documentation and Description |volume=11 |pages=231–251 |language=en}}</ref>. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} == Tampunan Bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] 5h9brobverthsqbypugq0krzm8k1c4s 6685552 6685551 2025-06-13T19:42:43Z Orac Chan 2595438 6685552 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; float: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kutak Sasak''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: pink" | ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄<br>Base Sasak |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | |- ! Pangucapan | colspan=2 | ba‧se sa‧sak |- ! Inuturkan hong | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]] |- ! Eka | colspan=2 | [[File:Flag of West Nusa Tenggara.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]] |- ! Panutur | colspan=2 | 2.700.000 (2010) |- ! [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak|Rumpun kutak]] | colspan=2 style="text-align:left; line-height:100%;" | [[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Austronesia|Austronesia]] <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px;padding-left:0"><li> [[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Malayu-Polinesia|Malayu-Polinesia]]<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li>[[Wp/nij/Rumpun Kutak Malayu-Sumbawa|Malayu-Sumbawa]]<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li>[[Wp/nij/Kutak Sasak|Sasak]]</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> |- ! Sistem panulisan | colspan=2 | [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]]<br>[[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]]<br>[[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]] |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Kode kutak''' |- ! ISO 639-1 | colspan=2 | - |- ! ISO 639-2 | colspan=2 | sas |- ! ISO 639-3 | colspan=2 | sas |- ! Glottolog | colspan=2 | sasa1249 |- ! IETF | colspan=2 | sas |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Status pamartahan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | [[File:Lang_Status_99-NE.svg|center|thumb|250x250px]] Kutak Banjar ingklasifikan sabagai kutak '''aman''' atawa '''dia tarancam (NE)''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: pink" | '''Lokasi panuturan''' |- ! colspan=3 style="text-align: center; color: black" | [[File:Sasak language distribution.svg|center|300x300px]] |} '''Kutak Sasak''' inyewut kea '''Base Sasak''' (ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄) iete [[Wp/nij/Kutak|kutak]] je inuturkan awi [[Wp/nij/Uluh Sasak|Uluh Sasak]] melai [[Wp/nij/Pulau Lombok|pulau Lombok]] hung [[Wp/nij/Nusa Tanggara Barat|Nusa Tanggara Barat]], [[Wp/nij/Indonesia|Indonesia]]. Panutur kutak Sasak hong sensus nyelo 2010 tege 2.700.000 panutur<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite journal |last=Austin |first=Peter K. |date=2012 |title=Tense, Aspect, Mood and Evidentiality in Sasak, Eastern Indonesia |url=http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/132 |journal=Language Documentation and Description |volume=11 |pages=231–251 |language=en}}</ref>. == Rumpun kutak == Kutak jituh tantame huang rumpun kutak Malayu-Sumbawa, iete subkalompok huang [[Wp/nij/Rumpun kutak Austronesia|rumpun kutak Austronesia]], ukur tege kamiripan dengan kakare kutak kilau [[Wp/nij/Kutak Sumbawa|kutak Sumbawa]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Bali|kutak Bali]]. == Sistem Panyurat == Kutak jituh patuh ah inyurat huang [[Wp/nij/Surat Latin|Surat Latin]], [[Wp/nij/Surat Bali|Surat Bali]] tuntang [[Wp/nij/Surat Sasak|Surat Sasak]]. ===Surat Sasak=== [[File:Aksara Sasak.gif|center|300px]] == Contoh teks == Melai penda jituh iete pasal ''UDHR 1'' je inulis huang kutak Sasak, baserta versi tarjamahan ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|kutak Ngaju]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Kutak Sasak''' |"Selapuk manusie te anakan bebas kance bedoe martabat kance hak hak sak pade. Selapuk ne tebeng akal kance ate jari bergaul/bekedek dalem semanget besemeton." |- !'''[[Wp/nij/Kutak Ngaju|Kutak Ngaju]]''' |"Uras uluh inakan merdeka tuntang tempun martabat tuntang hak-hak je sama. Ewen ingaruniai akal tuntang atei nurani tuntang handak ah bagaul ije dengan je beken huang samangat parsaudaraan." |- |} == Tampunan Bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] bv2x9ls8kzv8byv3jgmyz4milw75gnj 3 3608857 6685554 2025-06-13T19:51:35Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685554 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 19:51, 13 June 2025 (UTC) ba94bcf7eyx1p1st5mbx3ip1c3x1hmz 1198 3608858 6685565 2025-06-13T21:42:05Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "'''<span $style >Ēmpirsergīsenis:</span>''' ''Section resolved'' šabloni prawerru turītun gilawīngin dātan. Ik šāi ni turri stan, šis sekciōni wīrst ni arkīwiwuns. Tērpaus $code en deīktu." 6685565 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<span $style >Ēmpirsergīsenis:</span>''' ''Section resolved'' šabloni prawerru turītun gilawīngin dātan. Ik šāi ni turri stan, šis sekciōni wīrst ni arkīwiwuns. Tērpaus $code en deīktu. 5imoq9srowc67w86j0f0x6x7ug1e7jm 10 3608859 6685566 2025-06-13T21:42:06Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "'''<span $style >Ēmpirsergīsenis:</span>''' ''Section resolved'' šabloni prawerru turītun gilawīngin dātan. Ik šāi ni turri stan, šis sekciōni wīrst ni arkīwiwuns. Tērpaus $code en deīktu." 6685566 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude><languages /> </noinclude><onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|error |<!-- then: -->'''<span style="color: red;" >Ēmpirsergīsenis:</span>''' ''Section resolved'' šabloni prawerru turītun gilawīngin dātan. Ik šāi ni turri stan, šis sekciōni wīrst ni arkīwiwuns. Tērpaus <code><nowiki>{{Section resolved|1=&#x7e;&#x7e;&#x7e;&#x7e;}}</nowiki></code> en deīktu. |<!-- else: --><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This section is resolved and can be archived. If you disagree, replace this template with your comment.</span>}}</onlyinclude> r07qupzivas4yr87h06ct4kmmx7c9km 6685573 6685566 2025-06-13T21:49:25Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Šāi sekciōni paprestan be mazzi arkīwitun. Ik tū ni senwaițai, dedeis twajjan kumentārin en šisses šablōnis deīktu." 6685573 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude><languages /> </noinclude><onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|error |<!-- then: -->'''<span style="color: red;" >Ēmpirsergīsenis:</span>''' ''Section resolved'' šabloni prawerru turītun gilawīngin dātan. Ik šāi ni turri stan, šis sekciōni wīrst ni arkīwiwuns. Tērpaus <code><nowiki>{{Section resolved|1=&#x7e;&#x7e;&#x7e;&#x7e;}}</nowiki></code> en deīktu. |<!-- else: -->Šāi sekciōni paprestan be mazzi arkīwitun. Ik tū ni senwaițai, dedeis twajjan kumentārin en šisses šablōnis deīktu.}}</onlyinclude> 08xucopm4b13bu1gkijngsadjmdr190 6685575 6685573 2025-06-13T21:49:49Z Kxeon 2598343 3 6685575 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude><languages /> </noinclude><onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|error |<!-- then: -->'''<span style="color: red;" >Ēmpirsergīsenis:</span>''' ''Section resolved'' šabloni prawerru turītun gilawīngin dātan. Ik šāi ni turri stan, šis sekciōni wīrst ni arkīwiwuns. Tērpaus <code><nowiki>{{Section resolved|1=&#x7e;&#x7e;&#x7e;&#x7e;}}</nowiki></code> en deīktu. |<!-- else: -->Šāi sekciōni paprestan be mazzi arkīwitun. Ik tū ni senwaițai, dedeis twajjan kumentārin ēn šisses šablōnis deīktu.}}</onlyinclude> bg0ie3jtocjiuight6jgm1z5wyrzozf 1198 3608860 6685572 2025-06-13T21:49:24Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Šāi sekciōni paprestan be mazzi arkīwitun. Ik tū ni senwaițai, dedeis twajjan kumentārin en šisses šablōnis deīktu." 6685572 wikitext text/x-wiki Šāi sekciōni paprestan be mazzi arkīwitun. Ik tū ni senwaițai, dedeis twajjan kumentārin en šisses šablōnis deīktu. ehpbtw0c2unq3wr0ay2ei3lu28ui9hf 6685574 6685572 2025-06-13T21:49:49Z Kxeon 2598343 3 6685574 wikitext text/x-wiki Šāi sekciōni paprestan be mazzi arkīwitun. Ik tū ni senwaițai, dedeis twajjan kumentārin ēn šisses šablōnis deīktu. gk5hz3b1qujxozjkaqe51r11qcpsfmd 0 3608861 6685585 2025-06-13T22:17:46Z Ideophagous 2556214 Created page with "== {{Wt/ary/langue|ary}} == : من {{Wt/ary/étyl|zgh|ary|ⴰⵎⵔⴷⴰⵙ|}} === {{Wt/ary/S|سمية|ary}} === '''أمرداس''' {{Wt/ary/pron|amərdas|ary}} # ناس لي النيڤو ديالهم هابط (تقافيا، جتيماعيا، ...)، خيشپيش، أوباش # زحام، كترة و صداع ديال بنادم ==== {{Wt/ary/S|مرادفات}} ==== *[[Wt/ary/خيشپيش|خيشپيش]] (1) *[[Wt/ary/أوباش|أوباش]] (2) *Wt/ary/ناس|ناس..." 6685585 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/ary/langue|ary}} == : من {{Wt/ary/étyl|zgh|ary|ⴰⵎⵔⴷⴰⵙ|}} === {{Wt/ary/S|سمية|ary}} === '''أمرداس''' {{Wt/ary/pron|amərdas|ary}} # ناس لي النيڤو ديالهم هابط (تقافيا، جتيماعيا، ...)، خيشپيش، أوباش # زحام، كترة و صداع ديال بنادم ==== {{Wt/ary/S|مرادفات}} ==== *[[Wt/ary/خيشپيش|خيشپيش]] (1) *[[Wt/ary/أوباش|أوباش]] (2) *[[Wt/ary/ناس|ناس]] (1) *[[Wt/ary/بنادم|بنادم]] (1) *[[Wt/ary/جماعة|جماعة]] (1) *[[Wt/ary/زحام|زحام]] (2) *[[Wt/ary/صداع|صداع]] (2) == مصادر == *{{Wt/ary/ع:شفيق|ص=57}} [[Category:Wt/ary]] fyui8e195i91y4g8p3mbid6tp3v74id 0 3608862 6685590 2025-06-13T22:21:37Z FaskaUba 2605319 Created page with "== Taclḥit == ===Ism=== Ism unti mu iga usgʷt nns [[Wt/shi/Tanga|tangiwin]]. ====Tasnaẓurt==== [[Wt/shi/sɣ|Sɣ]] Tqbaylit ''tanga'' ("tanga, [[Wt/shi/Tamtta|tamtta]]"), s irwas is tt id tiwi zɣ Tmaziɣt n Ɣdmas ''tanga'' ("[[Wt/shi/Amrɣd|amrɣd]]"). ====Asfti n yism==== {{Wt/shi/Asfti n ism|ilelli amagut=Tangiwin|amaruz amyan=Tnga|amaruz amagut=Tngiwin}} [[Category:wt/shi]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn ilellin]] Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn i..." 6685590 wikitext text/x-wiki == Taclḥit == ===Ism=== Ism unti mu iga usgʷt nns [[Wt/shi/Tanga|tangiwin]]. ====Tasnaẓurt==== [[Wt/shi/sɣ|Sɣ]] Tqbaylit ''tanga'' ("tanga, [[Wt/shi/Tamtta|tamtta]]"), s irwas is tt id tiwi zɣ Tmaziɣt n Ɣdmas ''tanga'' ("[[Wt/shi/Amrɣd|amrɣd]]"). ====Asfti n yism==== {{Wt/shi/Asfti n ism|ilelli amagut=Tangiwin|amaruz amyan=Tnga|amaruz amagut=Tngiwin}} [[Category:wt/shi]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn ilellin]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn imyann]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn ilellin imyann]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn untitn]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Tiguriwin d tturḍalnin zɣ Tqbaylit]] ehkllv3awst51kklcepn158uvd5ky9z 6685607 6685590 2025-06-13T22:39:52Z FaskaUba 2605319 /* Taclḥit */ 6685607 wikitext text/x-wiki == Taclḥit == ===Ism=== Ism unti mu iga usgʷt nns [[Wt/shi/Tanga|tangiwin]]. ====Tasnaẓurt==== [[Wt/shi/sɣ|Sɣ]] Tqbaylit ''tanga'' ("tanga, [[Wt/shi/Tamtta|tamtta]]"), s irwas is tt id tiwi zɣ Tmaziɣt n Ɣdmas ''tanga'' ("[[Wt/shi/Amrɣd|amrɣd]]"). # [[Wt/shi/Tamtta|Tamtta]] ## ([[Wt/shi/Tafizikt|Tafizikt]]) Aynna iṭṭafn tasakayt. ## ([[Wt/shi/Tafizikt|Tafizikt]]) [[Wt/shi/Tamtta|Tamtta]] nna ittuskarn ɣ [[Wt/shi/Tafrdit |tfrday]], ur d ɣ [[Wt/shi/Tamglfrdit|tmglfrday]]. Anmgal nns [[Wt/shi/Tamglanga|tamglanga]]. ## [[Wt/shi/Anaw|Anaw]] n kra n [[Wt/shi/Tamtta|tmtta]] ====Asfti n yism==== {{Wt/shi/Asfti n ism|ilelli amagut=Tangiwin|amaruz amyan=Tnga|amaruz amagut=Tngiwin}} [[Category:wt/shi]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn ilellin]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn imyann]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn ilellin imyann]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Ismawn untitn]] [[Category:Wt/shi/Tiguriwin d tturḍalnin zɣ Tqbaylit]] 8nck4mnpqu6q25zo2y1mvmihr5em7it 0 3608863 6685604 2025-06-13T22:36:33Z Zakaria Tunsung 2586001 Zakaria Tunsung moved page [[Wp/wlx/List of hospitals in Ghana]] to [[Wp/wlx/Asɩbɩtɩhɩ aŋ bɩ Gaana paalʋʋ yoe]]: Misspelled title 6685604 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/wlx/Asɩbɩtɩhɩ aŋ bɩ Gaana paalʋʋ yoe]] 2rcsza6he5lfw53yj6a8chmhe0ydxv2 1198 3608864 6685623 2025-06-13T22:53:49Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan." 6685623 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikāi test wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. afmnk7ly9aoqxdxaa3pkak0kg7j4utz 6685641 6685623 2025-06-13T23:13:40Z Kxeon 2598343 6685641 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikāi testai wikis en Wikimēdijas Inkubatōŗu ni turri tenēisan wiki dōmenis, tenēi mazzi skaitātun be redīgitun kāigi wisāi kitāi Wikimēdijas prōjaktan. sfyh2j1fsskm036mmk6cfnr8unbf00l 1198 3608865 6685628 2025-06-13T22:57:42Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]." 6685628 wikitext text/x-wiki Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. 7xakoil872vdxnokfe757eox3qo83le 6685633 6685628 2025-06-13T23:05:14Z Kxeon 2598343 6685633 wikitext text/x-wiki Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] skassei [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] skassei [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. p3bjkqni2x2fxd20xz4l7ks56zuo4ym 6685635 6685633 2025-06-13T23:07:29Z Kxeon 2598343 6685635 wikitext text/x-wiki Nawwan billas wersiōnis stesse [[m:wikiversity|Wikiwersitāti]] ēisei prēi [[betawikiversity:|Beta Wikiwersitāti]], be wersiōnis stesse [[m:Wikisource|Wikicitāti]] ēisei prēi [[oldwikisource:|Tūlabilliska Wikicitāti]]. gvkd6b8sik6kl65pvhsl2fuwecfp043 1198 3608866 6685637 2025-06-13T23:11:18Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]." 6685637 wikitext text/x-wiki Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū ''mazzi'' pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects]], adder ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. cioz8mumsn0964pxew54pev22iw4dbs 6685713 6685637 2025-06-14T00:08:25Z Kxeon 2598343 6685713 wikitext text/x-wiki Tū ni mazzi pagaūtun pastippan nawwan prōjaktan šan, adder tū mazzi pagaūtun nawwan wersiōni stesse prōjaktan sta ast en būsnai. Ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan prōjaktan, jaīs prēi [[meta:proposals for new projects|nadāsnas pēr nawwans prōjaktans]]. Šlāit, ik kwaitēi tū pagaūtun nawwan testan, jaīs prēi [[m:Wikispore|Wikispore]]. tsoj0d7a0swed3c510lfsy5koelgo04 1198 3608867 6685639 2025-06-13T23:13:09Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin" 6685639 wikitext text/x-wiki Kāi pagaūtun nawwan testin wikin 05osq9izvrcfmgp2dw6bvg5ye0rblkt 1198 3608868 6685643 2025-06-13T23:21:23Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]" 6685643 wikitext text/x-wiki Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]] ndzs947vjnpj7g3py17oznradie3t33 6685645 6685643 2025-06-13T23:21:30Z Kxeon 2598343 period 6685645 wikitext text/x-wiki Ik tū assei stwi, pagaūtun nawwan billas wersiōni stesse prōjaktan, tū mazzi erzinna infōrmaciōnin na [[Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manual|Galban:Rankaslāiskas]]. Madli enkabbais [[Special:MyLanguage/I:Policy|Inkubatōris pōlitiki]]. q755ag77qxw09f7uamgzrjx9rj5rujd 1198 3608869 6685647 2025-06-13T23:24:04Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Delli swarewīngis rēgulas:" 6685647 wikitext text/x-wiki Delli swarewīngis rēgulas: mi27u8p5l8z8uzgftii02pb1nql62a0 1198 3608870 6685649 2025-06-13T23:24:47Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator" 6685649 wikitext text/x-wiki IRC kanāls #wikimedia-incubator go8oh85apeicurv6cpoeylmaq0hlfg5 1198 3608871 6685651 2025-06-13T23:28:40Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins" 6685651 wikitext text/x-wiki Izwinaīnai tenginnais waīstins gvs2srfzsepp9waw3vzajha76h85a9b 1198 3608872 6685654 2025-06-13T23:29:55Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Sestrai prōjaktai" 6685654 wikitext text/x-wiki Sestrai prōjaktai g8l5v1n5qtgvndt5a4rx97v6duzhwo6 0 3608873 6685656 2025-06-13T23:30:09Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/مصرى}} [[Wt/arz/شياورچن|شياورچن]], [[Wt/arz/شياورچنج|شياورچنج]] [[File:Xiao-Er-Jin.jpg|thumb]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #هى طريقة كتابه للـ لغات الصينى بالحروف العربى. {{Wt/arz/Wikipedia2|arz|شياورجن}} [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/مصرى}} [[Wt/arz/شياورچن|شياورچن]], [[Wt/arz/شياورچنج|شياورچنج]] [[File:Xiao-Er-Jin.jpg|thumb]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #هى طريقة كتابه للـ لغات الصينى بالحروف العربى. {{Wt/arz/Wikipedia2|arz|شياورجن}} [[Category:wt/arz]] 8qpswtp2jl9scn7zhkmo5p4xfnt7sz6 0 3608874 6685657 2025-06-13T23:30:34Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/مصرى}} [[Wt/arz/شياورچن|شياورچن]], [[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[File:Xiao-Er-Jin.jpg|thumb]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #هى طريقة كتابه للـ لغات الصينى بالحروف العربى. {{Wt/arz/Wikipedia2|arz|شياورجن}} [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/مصرى}} [[Wt/arz/شياورچن|شياورچن]], [[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[File:Xiao-Er-Jin.jpg|thumb]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #هى طريقة كتابه للـ لغات الصينى بالحروف العربى. {{Wt/arz/Wikipedia2|arz|شياورجن}} [[Category:wt/arz]] bp68nuhp4du1gnzfc4nvynt3q53sag6 0 3608875 6685658 2025-06-13T23:31:34Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/مصرى}} [[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]], [[Wt/arz/شياورچنج|شياورچنج]] [[File:Xiao-Er-Jin.jpg|thumb]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #هى طريقة كتابه للـ لغات الصينى بالحروف العربى. {{Wt/arz/Wikipedia2|arz|شياورجن}} [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/مصرى}} [[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]], [[Wt/arz/شياورچنج|شياورچنج]] [[File:Xiao-Er-Jin.jpg|thumb]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #هى طريقة كتابه للـ لغات الصينى بالحروف العربى. {{Wt/arz/Wikipedia2|arz|شياورجن}} [[Category:wt/arz]] q5x2lov0b7onaeinknj5u3b2p8jnd5a 0 3608876 6685659 2025-06-13T23:31:58Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Created a content 6685659 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Multimedia Group''' n ti ndoori boobiri asɛsɛ wɔ bo i wo Ghana. Bu tekeeri 1995 afɔ n wɔ, na i la radiyo jumayobiri barasu nsen, ni tɛlivisi nsan, ni labari maabiri nnyɔ,  ni jenjere tɛlivisi nɛtiwɛki.[1][2][3][4] Asɛsɛ n adi aceeri barasu dɔŋgu, asiɛn n su fɛn ni nasara miɛnu kɛrɛ, fa kɔ i labari ma ŋgondi tu nu Ghana fɛn ni durunya n kɛrɛ nu.[5] I bomboori su dɛɛ radiyo jumayobiri la Joy FM, na yiri la dumaye tɔsu  nnyɔ su fa kɔ radiyo jumayofɔm bo bu wo Africa asiɛn n kɛrɛ su jumayo nu a, bo British Broadcasting Corporation n niɛ yiri i  2006 dɛɛ afɔ n ni.[6] == I jumam == Ghana wata difɔ be bo bu fere i ka Kwasi zTwum ni tekeeri Multimedia Group 1995 n dɛɛ afɔ n a. Na i radiyo cicirisu n akɔ aŋuma su Ghanaian entrepreneur 1995 dɛɛ afɔ n nu. I boori i bu ni jumayofɔm buru ni nnyɔ wɔ.[7][4] Nyini ndoori bo asɛsɛ n boori i bu Accra wɔ, Ghana fɛn.[4] == Radiyo jumayobirim == Multimedia Group n la i tiɛŋgu radiyo jumayobirim nsen wɔ bo bu wo Ashanti Region ni Greater Accra Region. Nyini jumayobirim la: •Joy FM •Luv FM •Nhyira FM •Asempa FM •Hitz FM •Adom FM == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == hhye9jxgkohzuq0mfpaqyg3xerpf5il 6685667 6685659 2025-06-13T23:40:50Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Added Refs 6685667 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Multimedia Group''' n ti ndoori boobiri asɛsɛ wɔ bo i wo Ghana. Bu tekeeri 1995 afɔ n wɔ, na i la radiyo jumayobiri barasu nsen, ni tɛlivisi nsan, ni labari maabiri nnyɔ,  ni jenjere tɛlivisi nɛtiwɛki.<ref>"Multimedia Broadcasting Limited". Ghana Media Owner Monitor. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref><ref>"Ghana profile - Media (Joy FM & Adom FM)". BBC. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2020.</ref><ref>Asante, Stephen. Quaye, Samuel (ed.). "Multimedia Group petitions authorities over threats on journalist's life". Ghana News Agency. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref><ref name=":0">"Radio in Accra: Communicating among.. Diverse Audiences -Kwasi Boateng, Uni of Arkansas (2009)" (PDF). KentEdu.com. Retrieved 7 October 2020.</ref> Asɛsɛ n adi aceeri barasu dɔŋgu, asiɛn n su fɛn ni nasara miɛnu kɛrɛ, fa kɔ i labari ma ŋgondi tu nu Ghana fɛn ni durunya n kɛrɛ nu.<ref>"JOY FM, Citi FM win big at BBC Africa awards". ''GhanaWeb''. 30 May 2007. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref> I bomboori su dɛɛ radiyo jumayobiri la Joy FM, na yiri la dumaye tɔsu  nnyɔ su fa kɔ radiyo jumayofɔm bo bu wo Africa asiɛn n kɛrɛ su jumayo nu a, bo British Broadcasting Corporation n niɛ yiri i  2006 dɛɛ afɔ n ni.<ref>"BBC - Radio 4 - A World In Your Ear". BBC. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref> == I jumam == Ghana wata difɔ be bo bu fere i ka Kwasi zTwum ni tekeeri Multimedia Group 1995 n dɛɛ afɔ n a. Na i radiyo cicirisu n akɔ aŋuma su Ghanaian entrepreneur 1995 dɛɛ afɔ n nu. I boori i bu ni jumayofɔm buru ni nnyɔ wɔ.<ref>"Multimedia Group Limited". Multimedia Ghana. Retrieved 21 June 2012.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Nyini ndoori bo asɛsɛ n boori i bu Accra wɔ, Ghana fɛn.<ref name=":0" /> == Radiyo jumayobirim == Multimedia Group n la i tiɛŋgu radiyo jumayobirim nsen wɔ bo bu wo Ashanti Region ni Greater Accra Region. Nyini jumayobirim la: •Joy FM •Luv FM •Nhyira FM •Asempa FM •Hitz FM •Adom FM == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == geva21lckyoo7s5au3eupzpo7q06mvr 6685671 6685667 2025-06-13T23:43:32Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Added Databox 6685671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q6934772}} '''Multimedia Group''' n ti ndoori boobiri asɛsɛ wɔ bo i wo Ghana. Bu tekeeri 1995 afɔ n wɔ, na i la radiyo jumayobiri barasu nsen, ni tɛlivisi nsan, ni labari maabiri nnyɔ,  ni jenjere tɛlivisi nɛtiwɛki.<ref>"Multimedia Broadcasting Limited". Ghana Media Owner Monitor. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref><ref>"Ghana profile - Media (Joy FM & Adom FM)". BBC. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2020.</ref><ref>Asante, Stephen. Quaye, Samuel (ed.). "Multimedia Group petitions authorities over threats on journalist's life". Ghana News Agency. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref><ref name=":0">"Radio in Accra: Communicating among.. Diverse Audiences -Kwasi Boateng, Uni of Arkansas (2009)" (PDF). KentEdu.com. Retrieved 7 October 2020.</ref> Asɛsɛ n adi aceeri barasu dɔŋgu, asiɛn n su fɛn ni nasara miɛnu kɛrɛ, fa kɔ i labari ma ŋgondi tu nu Ghana fɛn ni durunya n kɛrɛ nu.<ref>"JOY FM, Citi FM win big at BBC Africa awards". ''GhanaWeb''. 30 May 2007. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref> I bomboori su dɛɛ radiyo jumayobiri la Joy FM, na yiri la dumaye tɔsu  nnyɔ su fa kɔ radiyo jumayofɔm bo bu wo Africa asiɛn n kɛrɛ su jumayo nu a, bo British Broadcasting Corporation n niɛ yiri i  2006 dɛɛ afɔ n ni.<ref>"BBC - Radio 4 - A World In Your Ear". BBC. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref> == I jumam == Ghana wata difɔ be bo bu fere i ka Kwasi zTwum ni tekeeri Multimedia Group 1995 n dɛɛ afɔ n a. Na i radiyo cicirisu n akɔ aŋuma su Ghanaian entrepreneur 1995 dɛɛ afɔ n nu. I boori i bu ni jumayofɔm buru ni nnyɔ wɔ.<ref>"Multimedia Group Limited". Multimedia Ghana. Retrieved 21 June 2012.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Nyini ndoori bo asɛsɛ n boori i bu Accra wɔ, Ghana fɛn.<ref name=":0" /> == Radiyo jumayobirim == Multimedia Group n la i tiɛŋgu radiyo jumayobirim nsen wɔ bo bu wo Ashanti Region ni Greater Accra Region. Nyini jumayobirim la: •Joy FM •Luv FM •Nhyira FM •Asempa FM •Hitz FM •Adom FM == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 7wwr51kgteom4a8p6yjcksnivw9n1st 6685675 6685671 2025-06-13T23:46:11Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edits 6685675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q6934772}} '''Multimedia Group''' n ti ndoori boobiri asɛsɛ wɔ bo i wo Ghana. Bu tekeeri 1995 afɔ n wɔ, na i la radiyo jumayobiri barasu nsen, ni tɛlivisi nsan, ni labari maabiri nnyɔ,  ni jenjere tɛlivisi nɛtiwɛki.<ref>"Multimedia Broadcasting Limited". Ghana Media Owner Monitor. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref><ref>"Ghana profile - Media (Joy FM & Adom FM)". BBC. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2020.</ref><ref>Asante, Stephen. Quaye, Samuel (ed.). "Multimedia Group petitions authorities over threats on journalist's life". Ghana News Agency. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref><ref name=":0">"Radio in Accra: Communicating among.. Diverse Audiences -Kwasi Boateng, Uni of Arkansas (2009)" (PDF). KentEdu.com. Retrieved 7 October 2020.</ref> Asɛsɛ n adi aceeri barasu dɔŋgu, Ghana asiɛn n su fɛn ni nasara miɛnu kɛrɛ, fa kɔ i labari ma ŋgondi tu nu Ghana fɛn ni durunya n kɛrɛ nu.<ref>"JOY FM, Citi FM win big at BBC Africa awards". ''GhanaWeb''. 30 May 2007. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref> I bomboori su dɛɛ radiyo jumayobiri la Joy FM, na yiri la dumaye tɔsu  nnyɔ su fa kɔ radiyo jumayofɔm bo bu wo Africa asiɛn n kɛrɛ su jumayo nu a, bo British Broadcasting Corporation n niɛ yiri i  2006 dɛɛ afɔ n ni.<ref>"BBC - Radio 4 - A World In Your Ear". BBC. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref> == I jumam == Ghana wata difɔ be bo bu fere i ka Kwasi Twum ni tekeeri Multimedia Group 1995 n dɛɛ afɔ n a. Na i radiyo cicirisu n akɔ aŋuma su 1995 dɛɛ afɔ n nu. I boori i bu ni jumayofɔm buru ni nnyɔ wɔ.<ref>"Multimedia Group Limited". Multimedia Ghana. Retrieved 21 June 2012.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Nyini ndoori boo asɛsɛ n boori i bu Accra wɔ, Ghana fɛn.<ref name=":0" /> == Radiyo jumayobirim == Multimedia Group n la i tiɛŋgu radiyo jumayobirim nsen wɔ bo bu wo Ashanti Region ni Greater Accra Region. Nyini jumayobirim la: •Joy FM •Luv FM •Nhyira FM •Asempa FM •Hitz FM •Adom FM == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 62gm91q0jh9el0nufdkixd1lfz10o89 0 3608877 6685660 2025-06-13T23:32:31Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/عربى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/عربى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]] ers68v0evqmims4auzt5am3yt954w33 1198 3608878 6685661 2025-06-13T23:35:10Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai:" 6685661 wikitext text/x-wiki [[m:Wikimedia|Wikimēdijas Fōnds]] turri delli, kītawids, [[w:Wikipedia:Multilingual coordination|tūlabilliska]] be [[w:Wikipedia:Copyrights|pawīrps ēnturs]] prōjaktai: 0wextiotkmdanwphfhw3k9ztjqe3u07 0 3608879 6685663 2025-06-13T23:35:14Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/عربى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/عربى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]] ers68v0evqmims4auzt5am3yt954w33 0 3608880 6685666 2025-06-13T23:40:05Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/اوردو}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/اوردو}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]] o52lnko04p3567bw9h0jd70gywjcr8c 1198 3608881 6685668 2025-06-13T23:43:00Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis" 6685668 wikitext text/x-wiki [[v:mul:Galwas pāusan|'''Wikiwersitāti''']]<br />Pawīrpai meddegas mukīntun si be aktiwitātis qr0w9mm585jtif79sv5nhfmhgvg9sok 1198 3608882 6685673 2025-06-13T23:45:58Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan" 6685673 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wy/prg/Galwas pāusan|Wikipintega]]<br />Pawīrpa pintegas wēdatajs na internettan eudhv7lw07p0zdrspiwoudy6hnvwq8i 0 3608883 6685679 2025-06-13T23:48:51Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685679 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From {{der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}}. ===How de dey talk am=== * {IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {t|en|to disrupt} 8erpm4efh40oz6wifj4vxwc5e43v9gr 6685704 6685679 2025-06-14T00:01:17Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685704 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}}. ===How de dey talk am=== * {IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {t|en|to disrupt} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] bk4a493nq7gf6e4hqtsvfy3banmoi6h 6685707 6685704 2025-06-14T00:03:45Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685707 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}}. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {t|en|to disrupt} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] qag4ll2im5rwzsrp5wl8v3noe3nw0hb 6685717 6685707 2025-06-14T00:12:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685717 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}}. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|to disrupt}} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] 5kn4pn0siwezyhn7v1z9axd95uw39w6 6685721 6685717 2025-06-14T00:17:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685721 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From {{der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}}. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{t|en|to disrupt}} 9rryh1acyolndmdjpvg73aoemomse1o 6685723 6685721 2025-06-14T00:22:59Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685723 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}}. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|to disrupt}} qw9bjs89qduba7dnmqfkd566nm91jp0 6685725 6685723 2025-06-14T00:26:20Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685725 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|to disrupt}} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] 5irtjwn7u81treqip2ai3og2mi3vrij 6685726 6685725 2025-06-14T00:27:39Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685726 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|to disrupt}} tgrrs7kwxdjuqlv9xccipx4qxehrmxa 6685727 6685726 2025-06-14T00:30:19Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685727 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {t|en|disrupt} 0b6b2u4a29yhk596awwahm9zpb72fxz 6685728 6685727 2025-06-14T00:30:56Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685728 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{t|en|disrupt}} lrp4cppkv8vbhgeyv1rmvoug4wkahzc 6685729 6685728 2025-06-14T00:31:22Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685729 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|disrupt}} 4xxn0vmlevux86d4uxd5izdoboa73qp 6685730 6685729 2025-06-14T00:34:05Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685730 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yoruba|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|disrupt|alt=to disrupt}} euqv1n3q5pp7yb368zw95lsgxppo7id 6685747 6685730 2025-06-14T01:15:13Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685747 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yo|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|disrupt|alt=to disrupt}} r9z1sg72nggwqn81yrjgqer6g5bni5k 6685753 6685747 2025-06-14T01:22:03Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dabaru' 6685753 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yo|daru (to scatter)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàbàrú/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem spoil or scatter someting. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|disrupt|alt=to disrupt}} n9rumivtm2u5lc8wfcp4bpl26wqgtla 0 3608884 6685680 2025-06-13T23:49:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daga' 6685680 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Go look=== #REDIRECT [[dagger]] cg6fspull2pvl0mjt9urtotp6cs6pis 6685734 6685680 2025-06-14T00:45:22Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daga' 6685734 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/dagger]] 92ahkizydyilqxdek7c946m95bytjv9 0 3608885 6685681 2025-06-13T23:49:11Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbo' 6685681 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From Unknown. ===How de dey talk am=== * {IPA|/dágbó/|pcm} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{l|pcm|job}} # {t|en|'dupe, cheat''} 0hz5baiebat1qple63fbs9p5imrnwgx 6685733 6685681 2025-06-14T00:41:50Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbo' 6685733 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From Unknown. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|'dupe, cheat''}} nskrpehz8jknn5lyfpgxdf1o2qq0qhh 6685736 6685733 2025-06-14T00:49:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbo' 6685736 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|'dupe, cheat''}} lcz6w6kdf0jgc1az2eyoa2or0sfa6oo 6685739 6685736 2025-06-14T00:56:39Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbo' 6685739 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} k77p7x9lht89nm9c158x9l8xsvrs3ze 6685740 6685739 2025-06-14T00:58:38Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685740 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] tk72ig32ddiu1qrviry1z2fn2cqlpl6 6685741 6685740 2025-06-14T00:59:35Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685741 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] 7ml7cxud23v1m76a8iaqql3f6f7u3ry 6685743 6685741 2025-06-14T01:03:16Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685743 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # – {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} # – {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] p6oyrdthz1zds8upb7pgqxbz22hjdmu 6685744 6685743 2025-06-14T01:04:35Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685744 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # Translation: {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} # Translation: {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} [[Category:Wt/pcm]] g7capce45801k4qhh20yby3xitincv8 6685748 6685744 2025-06-14T01:15:32Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbo' 6685748 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} k77p7x9lht89nm9c158x9l8xsvrs3ze 6685749 6685748 2025-06-14T01:19:33Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbo' 6685749 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} # {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} qx7n08n5hibwyptxfxz5otgiyngtve6 6685754 6685749 2025-06-14T01:22:23Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbo' 6685754 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de do person wayo. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbodagbo}} ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|job}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|cheat}} ee9lfkbyf6lqnvvqwlrd1n84uxtewc8 1198 3608886 6685684 2025-06-13T23:50:30Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns" 6685684 wikitext text/x-wiki [[species:|'''Wikispecies''']]<br />Pērgimi wirdeīns byu058ljas774dspijv2iv5f3oqs9sy 1198 3608887 6685687 2025-06-13T23:52:07Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi" 6685687 wikitext text/x-wiki [[d:|'''Wikidata''']]<br />Pawīrpa waīsnas dātanbazi 8q5prk4n6msmoz8tfxxoc0qi8qn3122 1198 3608888 6685692 2025-06-13T23:54:48Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan" 6685692 wikitext text/x-wiki [[c:|'''Wikimedia Commons''']]<br />Mēdijas repōzitōrijan hemsci98t70lnivlnpt0srawwmuzmp1 1198 3608889 6685695 2025-06-13T23:55:24Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai" 6685695 wikitext text/x-wiki [[m:|'''Meta-Wiki''']]<br />Koōrdinacioni stesse Wikimēdijas prōjaktai os6js30aky184wj3rkk3v0bpap5pdgw 1198 3608890 6685699 2025-06-13T23:58:09Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "[[Incubator:Community Portal|Perōnis pōrtals]], per wissans prasīsenins" 6685699 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Incubator:Community Portal|Perōnis pōrtals]], per wissans prasīsenins eqdet0ucae5p671mzp1iptvrg60dgs5 1198 3608891 6685701 2025-06-13T23:58:46Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Kōntakts/Galban:" 6685701 wikitext text/x-wiki Kōntakts/Galban: spy2josvpps92vq7c3k0q2irlhe9nql 1198 3608892 6685708 2025-06-14T00:04:03Z Kxeon 2598343 Created page with "Dāis wissans pāusans tū wīrst teīkuns tikrōman prefiksan. [[$1|Tūls infōrmaciōni ezze prefiksans]]." 6685708 wikitext text/x-wiki Dāis wissans pāusans tū wīrst teīkuns tikrōman prefiksan. [[$1|Tūls infōrmaciōni ezze prefiksans]]. dh85ryjz8byyvj7lhhynktkwpbgpic2 10 3608893 6685710 2025-06-14T00:04:17Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Created page with "<includeonly>/{{{1}}}/</includeonly> <noinclude> This template formats IPA pronunciations. Usage: {{IPA|dàbàrú}} → /dàbàrú/ </noinclude>" 6685710 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>/{{{1}}}/</includeonly> <noinclude> This template formats IPA pronunciations. Usage: {{IPA|dàbàrú}} → /dàbàrú/ </noinclude> 3usel5xfy4huz7hpqw38bahjtzlk3jp 0 3608894 6685712 2025-06-14T00:06:43Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Created page with "<includeonly>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|''[[Wt/pcm/{{{1}}}:{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]''|''{{{1}}}''}}</includeonly> <noinclude> This template is used to display a translation with a link to the appropriate language's Wiktionary if possible. Usage: * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|gift}} → ''[[:en:gift|gift]]'' </noinclude> [[Category:Wt/pcm]]" 6685712 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|''[[Wt/pcm/{{{1}}}:{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]''|''{{{1}}}''}}</includeonly> <noinclude> This template is used to display a translation with a link to the appropriate language's Wiktionary if possible. Usage: * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|gift}} → ''[[:en:gift|gift]]'' </noinclude> [[Category:Wt/pcm]] thdrwy30rfvs6l487i7874b9sos3cl7 10 3608895 6685715 2025-06-14T00:10:39Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Created page with "<includeonly>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|''[[:{{{1}}}:{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]''|''{{{1}}}''}}</includeonly> <noinclude> This template is used to display a translation with a link to the appropriate language's Wiktionary if possible. Usage: * {{t|en|gift}} → ''[[:en:gift|gift]]'' </noinclude>" 6685715 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{2|}}}|''[[:{{{1}}}:{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]''|''{{{1}}}''}}</includeonly> <noinclude> This template is used to display a translation with a link to the appropriate language's Wiktionary if possible. Usage: * {{t|en|gift}} → ''[[:en:gift|gift]]'' </noinclude> h01gi1919n3yycphy43mgj89robwjb5 6685731 6685715 2025-06-14T00:37:16Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685731 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>''[[:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}}}|{{{alt|{{{2}}}}}}]]''</includeonly> <noinclude> This template links a translation (usually to English). Usage: * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|run}} → ''[[:en:run|run]]'' * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|run|alt=to run}} → ''[[:en:run|to run]]'' </noinclude> b0eghtz7h1m1t08wt70h6qgweghci7e 6685732 6685731 2025-06-14T00:40:36Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685732 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>''[[:wikt:{{{1}}}:{{{2}}}|{{{alt|{{{2}}}}}}]]''</includeonly> <noinclude> This template links a translation (usually to English). Usage: <pre>{{Wt/pcm/t|en|run}}</pre> → ''[[:en:run|run]]'' <pre>{{Wt/pcm/t|en|run|alt=to run}}</pre> → ''[[:en:run|to run]]'' </noinclude> 9uc77jlzplspqq3fzn2x8v46j2n1nys 6685742 6685732 2025-06-14T01:01:48Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685742 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[[:wikt:{{{1}}}:{{{2}}}|{{{alt|{{{2}}}}}}]]</includeonly> <noinclude> This template links a translation (usually to English). Usage: <pre>{{Wt/pcm/t|en|run}}</pre> → ''[[:en:run|run]]'' <pre>{{Wt/pcm/t|en|run|alt=to run}}</pre> → ''[[:en:run|to run]]'' </noinclude> fxz5agqxdptgcr388a0p001wtaulvwv 6685758 6685742 2025-06-14T01:27:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 6685758 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> {{#switch:{{{1}}} | yo = Yoruba | ar = Arabic | fr = French | en = English | ha = Hausa | ig = Igbo | pt = Portuguese | zh = Chinese | #default = {{{1}}} }}: ''[[:wikt:{{{1}}}:{{{2}}}|{{{alt|{{{2}}}}}}]]'' </includeonly> <noinclude> This template links a translation (usually to English). Usage: <pre>{{Wt/pcm/t|en|run}}</pre> → ''[[:en:run|run]]'' <pre>{{Wt/pcm/t|en|run|alt=to run}}</pre> → ''[[:en:run|to run]]'' </noinclude> 0836axscp2q9xn6nwd2ox2m0dk60ozn 10 3608896 6685716 2025-06-14T00:11:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Created page with "<includeonly>[[Wt/pcm/{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]</includeonly> <noinclude> This template links to another entry in the Naija Wiktionary (Wt/pcm). Usage: * {{l|pcm|dagbo}} → [[Wt/pcm/dagbo|dagbo]] </noinclude>" 6685716 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[[Wt/pcm/{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]]</includeonly> <noinclude> This template links to another entry in the Naija Wiktionary (Wt/pcm). Usage: * {{l|pcm|dagbo}} → [[Wt/pcm/dagbo|dagbo]] </noinclude> 4ghjk8mnpkkuc2cfm6qg5x0xc4rqk32 0 3608897 6685718 2025-06-14T00:13:57Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Created a content 6685718 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Satellite television''' ti jumayo wɔ bo i nati ni tɛlivisi ndoori boo su, adena minɛ niɛ bu, na i yi labarim n bo bu jenjere su fite aŋgoro n nu. I yereŋgi bara yɛ Asiɛn n wɔ, bo i koro ma i niɛfɔm ŋu i cencen.<ref>ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.39, definition: Broadcasting-satellite service</ref> Bu koro tara i aŋuma su fite antena dɛɛ anyumba baka su wɔ, bo bu kpama i dasin na bu nati bo bu fere i ka jenjere su pɛnlɛ tere ni, ni deke kandawa bo i yo má naŋmiɛ agaya na bu fere i ka asiɛŋgu kaakiwa ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == o46bqsr53jv6l6y0z7e74pcpd2ng990 6685719 6685718 2025-06-14T00:16:21Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Added Databox 6685719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q209588}} '''Satellite television''' ti jumayo wɔ bo i nati ni tɛlivisi ndoori boo su, adena minɛ niɛ bu, na i yi labarim n bo bu jenjere su fite aŋgoro n nu. I yereŋgi bara yɛ Asiɛn n wɔ, bo i koro ma i niɛfɔm ŋu i cencen.<ref>ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.39, definition: Broadcasting-satellite service</ref> Bu koro tara i aŋuma su fite antena dɛɛ anyumba baka su wɔ, bo bu kpama i dasin na bu nati bo bu fere i ka jenjere su pɛnlɛ tere ni, ni deke kandawa bo i yo má naŋmiɛ agaya na bu fere i ka asiɛŋgu kaakiwa ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 617l150121fprcnm8o1j79a0pn00x04 6685720 6685719 2025-06-14T00:17:07Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q209588}} '''Satellite television''' ti jumayo wɔ bo i nati ni tɛlivisi ndoori boo su, adena minɛ niɛ bu, na i yi labarim n bo bu su jenjere su fite aŋgoro n nu. I yereŋgi bara yɛ Asiɛn n wɔ, bo i koro ma i niɛfɔm ŋu i cencen.<ref>ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.39, definition: Broadcasting-satellite service</ref> Bu koro tara i aŋuma su fite antena dɛɛ anyumba baka su wɔ, bo bu kpama i dasin na bu nati bo bu fere i ka jenjere su pɛnlɛ tere ni, ni deke kandawa bo i yo má naŋmiɛ agaya na bu fere i ka asiɛŋgu kaakiwa ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] g23e4m0ky1bcnnvd58ppl8g8pj1wjka 6685722 6685720 2025-06-14T00:17:59Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Edit 6685722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q209588}} '''Satellite television''' ti jumayo wɔ bo i nati ni tɛlivisi ndoori boo su, adena minɛ niɛ bu, na i yi labarim n bo bu su jenjere su fite aŋgoro n nu. I yereŋgi bara yɛ Asiɛn n wɔ, bo i kóro ma i niɛfɔm ŋu i cencen.<ref>ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.39, definition: Broadcasting-satellite service</ref> Bu koro tara i aŋuma su fite antena dɛɛ anyumba baka su wɔ, bo bu kpama i dasin na bu nati bo bu fere i ka jenjere su pɛnlɛ tere ni, ni deke kandawa bo i yo má naŋmiɛ agaya na bu fere i ka asiɛŋgu kaakiwa ni. == Nɔaniɛ n fiteeribiri == [[Category:Wp/cko]] 4s73n3dn6veeihhiqzxaaoeteavx8eu 3 3608898 6685745 2025-06-14T01:10:58Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685745 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 01:10, 14 June 2025 (UTC) 6accqsvg9zpwudy9frbzl6vk8iq8grv 0 3608899 6685750 2025-06-14T01:20:54Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/كورى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/كورى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]] o8anpfz8makusl1bnr32hl8nz6bfz5w 0 3608900 6685752 2025-06-14T01:22:02Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]] ju9l3tzr6oea2bi860c0ez6xoueuzbg 0 3608901 6685755 2025-06-14T01:22:37Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/شياورجن|شياورجن]] [[Category:wt/arz]] ju9l3tzr6oea2bi860c0ez6xoueuzbg 0 3608902 6685756 2025-06-14T01:26:24Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/انترلينج|انترلينج]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/انترلينج|انترلينج]] [[Category:wt/arz]] nyqru25fvghkqr2fjn69sqrszd7f2wj 0 3608903 6685760 2025-06-14T01:28:47Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/هندى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/انترلينج|انترلينج]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/هندى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/انترلينج|انترلينج]] [[Category:wt/arz]] g4g4bdbi2uld73bts7u64nuexhn37tt 0 3608904 6685761 2025-06-14T01:30:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagbodagbo' 6685761 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágbódágbó/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem use magomago for person. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dagbo}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dupe}} f3qqzruk69rlpb0shwyjnd03a53gilo 0 3608905 6685762 2025-06-14T01:30:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dager' 6685762 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/dagger]] 92ahkizydyilqxdek7c946m95bytjv9 0 3608906 6685763 2025-06-14T01:30:41Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dagger' 6685763 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dagger}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dágà/|pcm}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàgá/|pcm}} === Noun === # Someting wey dey sharp like knife. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dagger}} === Verb === # Make person chuk anoder person or someting with wetin sharp like knife. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|chuk}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|stab}} 6b6j02kna97bj4623pc8j8g6glqmqlq 0 3608907 6685764 2025-06-14T01:30:51Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daidai' 6685764 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/diedie]] 6b94hs1u9crj5pjd3brskskhndsflpl 0 3608908 6685765 2025-06-14T01:31:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dailypay' 6685765 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/délípê/|pcm}} === Noun === # Money wey de dey pay person when day finish for di work wey e do dat day. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|wages}} l1xq0dhyrsp4myr1nepnj9yzhmzarm1 0 3608909 6685766 2025-06-14T01:31:11Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daiout' 6685766 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/dieout]] dteuqv0a1or9zsifj4i8gsu5mjnyizp 0 3608910 6685767 2025-06-14T01:31:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'damn' 6685767 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|damn}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dâm/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make de no send person. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|snub}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|ignore}} oprhy1xpsxvsv46s34atagcizqjz4sd 0 3608911 6685768 2025-06-14T01:31:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'danfo' 6685768 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yo|danfo}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dánfó/|pcm}} === Noun === # One kind bus wey de dey use for transportation. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|bus}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|a small bus}} 75yy9bvw4rx418o4u6nvftylqrcxle6 0 3608912 6685769 2025-06-14T01:31:41Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'danshiki' 6685769 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|ha|dan ciki, literally meaning shirt or inner garment}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dànʃíkì/|pcm}} === Noun === # Buba wey open for side. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|tunic}} t5avloy2km91z1dvu0273425euwib3o 0 3608913 6685772 2025-06-14T01:32:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daswhy' 6685772 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàswáÍ/|pcm}} === Adverb === # Wetin make person do wetin e do. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|naim}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|that's why}} 7pi5qpd9by2tg4aepj62cp5st4yz0k1 0 3608914 6685773 2025-06-14T01:32:11Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dat' 6685773 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|that}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dât/|pcm}} === Pronoun === # 1. Word wey dem dey use instead of person name or name of someting. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|that}} sddqnerla1amkaluv1n72zdwjarbp09 0 3608915 6685774 2025-06-14T01:32:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dawadawa' 6685774 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|ha|dawadawa}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàwàdáwá/|pcm}} === Noun === # Locust beans wey dem don leave make e ferment, wey dey take make soup sweet. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|iru}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|locust beans}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|Parkia biglobosa}} m1w402ve8omzmpz18ptbxntq28mt9yn 0 3608916 6685775 2025-06-14T01:32:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'day' 6685775 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|day}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dê/|pcm}} === Noun === # 1. Time for inside 24 hours when e be sey sun dey shine well-well. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|evriday, daytime}} ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|afternoon}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|day}} ciibtb3ovcxt0ipbwmb9uo6nv9dyf5a 0 3608917 6685776 2025-06-14T01:32:42Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'Idiom' 6685776 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== rnicnyxhcij0rfvvv8ip2nwwz7sdiqm 0 3608918 6685777 2025-06-14T01:32:51Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daybyday' 6685777 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|day by day}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/débàìdê/|pcm}} === Adverb === # As someting take dey happen evriday. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|daily}} 88wyx43awq0ohyxwzsf49mxh6lbtrlb 0 3608919 6685778 2025-06-14T01:33:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daytime' 6685778 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|daytime}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|détáìm|pcm}} === Noun === # Time of day wey be sey sun dey shine. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|afternoon}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|daytime}} f3c3sm4ge9bb5o6io7b5acl5rs1rqox 0 3608920 6685779 2025-06-14T01:33:11Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'daze' 6685779 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/dez]] 2cxcfuul3pkaie2qx3c4r9evgg86hzq 0 3608921 6685780 2025-06-14T01:33:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dazman' 6685780 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|dàzmân|pcm}} === Adjective === # Man wey no get sense. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|mumu, odoyo}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|fool}} 102d8yiubt4iepfqg8eb1gafajp87nk 0 3608922 6685781 2025-06-14T01:33:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'de' 6685781 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|they}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dè/|pcm}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dèm/|pcm}} === Pronoun === # Word wey dem dey take point to anoder word wey dey talk about people wey no follow for di talk talk. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|they/them}} 9yq8d1h0hy0j07mxw52qywn2c83njsy 0 3608923 6685782 2025-06-14T01:33:41Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'deadbodi' 6685782 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/deadbody]] jgypstwza1gs2batloe2a9zrbg809av 0 3608924 6685784 2025-06-14T01:33:51Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'deadbody' 6685784 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ̀dbɔ̀dí/|pcm}} === Noun === # Body of person wey don kpai. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|corpse}} g44uti0osi8h3b0ylod8pjearuttj27 0 3608925 6685785 2025-06-14T01:34:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'deal' 6685785 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|deal}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɪ̂/|pcm}} === Noun === # Di kind business wey person dey do or di kind market wey person dey sell. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|market}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|deal}} === Verb === # Make dem suffer person. * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|treat someone harshly|alt=to treat someone harshly}} hdz7tnz1oplv9683b5686w0l8xfjmc7 0 3608926 6685786 2025-06-14T01:34:11Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dear1' 6685786 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dear}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dìɛ́/|pcm}} === Noun === # Make person dey very important to person. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dear}} {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dear}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/ díɛ̀ /|pcm}} === Adjective === # Make someting too cost. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|cost}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|expensive}} c6ao9cg3iqtufsdzlla51umx56696tk 0 3608927 6685787 2025-06-14T01:34:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'deck' 6685787 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ̂k/|pcm}} === Verb === # 1. Make person dress well. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|kakup, flex, baff up}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dress|alt=to dress}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|punch}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|relax}} crs66k8wdgt9is5i32is41zukd15ke6 0 3608928 6685788 2025-06-14T01:34:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dedbodi' 6685788 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/deadbody]] jgypstwza1gs2batloe2a9zrbg809av 0 3608929 6685789 2025-06-14T01:34:52Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dedbody' 6685789 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/deadbody]] jgypstwza1gs2batloe2a9zrbg809av 0 3608930 6685790 2025-06-14T01:35:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dede' 6685790 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|und|edede ‘old’}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|dédè|pcm}} === Noun === # Person wey no get sense. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|mumu, odoyo}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|fool}} dggij2bpd4t3xeokv4kl5z3vfqry8at 0 3608931 6685791 2025-06-14T01:35:11Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'deir' 6685791 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|their}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/djà/|pcm}} === Pronoun === # Word wey de dey use dey talk about wetin concern people minus di person wey dey talk and di person wey e dey follow talk di talktalk. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|deirsef}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|their}} {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|deliver.}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dìlívà/|pcm}} === Noun === # Daily, weekly or monthly money wey people dey return for someting wey dem buy on credo. * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|a daily}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|weekly or monthly returns by a commercial cab}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|motorcyclist or any hire purchased equipment}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|returns}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|remittance}} === Verb === # 1. Make person born pikin. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|born}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|exorcise}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|deliver}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|perform}} 58yexb4adc5ldn6ephpfnl28rj28bym 0 3608932 6685792 2025-06-14T01:35:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'deliverance' 6685792 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dìlívràns/|pcm}} === Noun === # Wetin de dey do to comot evil spirit for person body. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|healings}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|exorcism}} 3oem71v1sfb8pgphocv6gzmf9984sga 0 3608933 6685793 2025-06-14T01:35:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dem' 6685793 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|them}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ̀m/|pcm}} === Pronoun === # 1. Word wey de dey use dey talk about people or someting minus di person wey dey talk and di person wey e dey follow talk di talktalk. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|them}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|plural marker}} s28m6l4wag5yr31b5gg10rxbmd64h0q 0 3608934 6685794 2025-06-14T01:35:41Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'demo' 6685794 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|demonstrate}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ́mɔ́/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person dey do gragra like sey e pass oder people ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|shakara, yanga,form,denge}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|show off}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|act up|alt=to act up}} faus39wr5lxedlq2hgk5eoltoy95n3i 0 3608935 6685796 2025-06-14T01:35:51Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'den' 6685796 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/ dɛ̌n/|pcm}} === Adverb === # 1. As someting take happen after anoder ting don first happen. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|after}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|afterwards}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|subsequently}} 0vnn2yi12y7defz3e0kjqu91hb5m3nk 0 3608936 6685797 2025-06-14T01:36:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'denge' 6685797 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== We no sabi where di word from come. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ́ngɛ̄/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person dey show imsef sey e get level. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|dengepose}} ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|yanga, shakara}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|show off}} rih6qst0198wnzk2mas083r2xy0cx7v 0 3608937 6685798 2025-06-14T01:36:12Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dengepose' 6685798 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|und|denge and English pose}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ̀ngɛ̀pôz/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person dey show imsef sey e get someting. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|denge}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|show off}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|being haugty}} qj8uh6xvrkvegxguxpax0xk3urqgppw 0 3608938 6685799 2025-06-14T01:36:21Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'depend' 6685799 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dìpɛ̂nd/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person put mind for person or someting sey di person of someting dey for am. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|rely}} 6vr2yt8wypqjaa96zfbnmxtoyb8yi4d 0 3608939 6685800 2025-06-14T01:36:31Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'der' 6685800 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== rnicnyxhcij0rfvvv8ip2nwwz7sdiqm 0 3608940 6685801 2025-06-14T01:36:41Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dere' 6685801 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From English: there. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ̂r/|pcm}} === Adverb === # 1. Place where no be where person dey. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|there}} cd8ugerfigym06jbod2y4odmcvzak92 0 3608941 6685802 2025-06-14T01:36:51Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'derica' 6685802 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|und|brand name De Rica}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ̀ríkà/|pcm}} === Noun === # Tomato cup wey de take dey measure rice or beans sell. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|tin, congo, paint rubber}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|a tin}} mjgsp49rsailbsx0k3mxq290c7sxcd1 0 3608942 6685803 2025-06-14T01:37:01Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'deve' 6685803 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|development}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ̀vɛ́/|pcm}} === Noun === # Money wey community pipo dey collect for contractors dem hand before dem go allow di contractors dem fit work. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|settlement}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|levy}} s37szxs7252aw2bjzl4z6tu1sbi0l4h 0 3608943 6685804 2025-06-14T01:37:11Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'devilbeans' 6685804 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|devilbeans (Mucuna pruriens)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɛ́vúbîns/|pcm}} === Noun === # Plant wey fit scratch scratch person body if person touch am. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|an itching creeper}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|Mucuna pruriens}} se5um47rl3wnt5lgn3mpwdj30a4r5se 0 3608944 6685805 2025-06-14T01:37:22Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'devilbins' 6685805 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/devilbeans]] 25sptz4tbfni7ke9cylxeh8klxirmvq 0 3608945 6685806 2025-06-14T01:37:32Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dey1' 6685806 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|They}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dè/|pcm}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|be + ing}} t48rp78bwvmh05hm8mvyqw0l7rn9ruv 0 3608946 6685807 2025-06-14T01:37:42Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dey2' 6685807 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|They}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dé/|pcm}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dê/|pcm}} === Verb === # 1. Word wey fit show how person or someting kampe reach. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|gader dey}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|be + (manner) adverb}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|(complementiser) that + (place) adverb}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|for something to remain}} pfluk9cl8zax6a07zyu0uiqi8w9a0qg 0 3608947 6685808 2025-06-14T01:37:52Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dez' 6685808 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|daze}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/déz/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make dem beat person. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|beat up|alt=to beat up}} f9werwpv95gvelr6ljhjxkguhd0mn73 0 3608948 6685809 2025-06-14T01:38:02Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'di' 6685809 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|the}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dí/|pcm}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|DET}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|the}} 08a36fz600jqz0xw9x93lwmu3u0wt0p 0 3608949 6685810 2025-06-14T01:38:12Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dia' 6685810 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== rnicnyxhcij0rfvvv8ip2nwwz7sdiqm 0 3608950 6685811 2025-06-14T01:38:22Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dibia' 6685811 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|ig|dibia ‘Master of knowledge/wisdom’.}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɪ́bɪ̂a/|pcm}} === Noun === # Person wey dey do charm for oder people. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|jujuman, native doctor}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|witch doctor}} aade8g93os0xmjlsi5jsud2v0d2fbr6 0 3608951 6685812 2025-06-14T01:38:32Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'die' 6685812 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|die}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/daɪ̂/|pcm}} === Verb === # 1. Make life comot kpatakpata for person/someting body. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|die di matter}} ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|kpai, kpeme, kpuf}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|die}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|resolve}} o8ts948y7p1gfi8hei95adunhvjl3ik 0 3608952 6685813 2025-06-14T01:38:42Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'diedie' 6685813 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From English: die. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dàìdáí/|pcm}} === Noun === # Di way wey people dey die. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|kpai}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|mortality death rate}} 5llm6s9l0c71ad5ydbkahc9o2dnx853 0 3608953 6685814 2025-06-14T01:38:52Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dieout' 6685814 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|die and out}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dáíáùt/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person sell everyting wey im get for stock finish. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|cargo}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|sell-off}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dispose of something}} 912995xj95se0mbb61z68qouol7ob93 0 3608954 6685819 2025-06-14T01:58:16Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dier' 6685819 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== rnicnyxhcij0rfvvv8ip2nwwz7sdiqm 0 3608955 6685821 2025-06-14T01:58:26Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'different' 6685821 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|different}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dífrɛ̀nt/|pcm}} === Adjective === # Sey someting and somenting no be di same ting. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|Different}} j19lagbjw2dblt2gts60p0u8uqecl47 0 3608956 6685822 2025-06-14T01:58:36Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dirty' 6685822 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|dirty}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɜ̄tí/|pcm}} === Noun === # Someting wey dey somewhere wey dey make di place make e no clean. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dirt}} === Adjective === # 1. Someting wey no clean. * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dirty}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|filthy}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|drunk}} === Verb === # Make dem make nyamanyama dey for someting. * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|dirty}} clzf7o0ke6wvvjxr5t6z3zc626c7bv3 0 3608957 6685823 2025-06-14T01:58:46Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dis' 6685823 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|This}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dís/|pcm}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|this}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|these}} === Pronoun === # Wetin replace di name of ting or people dem dey talk about * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|This}} 9aacevgzfegi6gpd2dmysn1m27vddo8 0 3608958 6685824 2025-06-14T01:58:56Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'disame' 6685824 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|the same}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dìsêm/|pcm}} === Noun === # Someting wey resemble anoder ting well well. ===Word wey relate to am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|disame disame}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|same.}} nf7ckhgph2pv6gwkt2b1zb4gq140ku1 0 3608959 6685825 2025-06-14T01:59:06Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'discharge' 6685825 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|discharge}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɪ̀stʃɑ̂dʒ/|pcm}} === Verb === # 1. Make dem tell person wey dey for somewhere say make e comot for di place, sey make e dey go house. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|discharge}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|leave in a haste}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|shake off}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|excuse}} cko0xundsx4jqz935hvnq8amqsmj38o 0 3608960 6685826 2025-06-14T01:59:16Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'disfagin' 6685826 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/pcm/disvirgin]] 87hiqi0dpdcq88rbhr1elcnj37tu5iz 0 3608961 6685827 2025-06-14T01:59:26Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'disvirgin' 6685827 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|disvirgin}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dìsvád͡ʒìn/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person (boy or girl) wey never ever nack con nack for di first time. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|deflower|alt=to deflower}} From English: the and Naija wowo. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dìwɔ́wɔ̀/|pcm}} === Noun === # Make person no fine atall atall. * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|unattractive person}} ehx2hjxrxjwhh2wvea8e58zrcnxg2dg 0 3608962 6685828 2025-06-14T01:59:36Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'do' 6685828 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== From English: do. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dû/|pcm}} === Verb === # 1. Make person do someting. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|do}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|behave}} nq9np2ub90dx84ftgagilsk757cz6i5 0 3608963 6685829 2025-06-14T01:59:46Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'do bad' 6685829 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|do bad.}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dú bâd/|pcm}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|treat badly.|alt=to treat badly.}} jruyuppg1ffcjef5koty65dsi582ozh 0 3608964 6685830 2025-06-14T01:59:56Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'do wayo' 6685830 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|do and Hausa, wayo (tricky)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dúwàyó/|pcm}} ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|419}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|trick|alt=to trick}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|defraud|alt=to defraud}} 8ajkrg0r40byp3egulfpzwov5ebh0s8 0 3608965 6685832 2025-06-14T02:00:06Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'do well' 6685832 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|en|do well.}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dúwɛ̂/|pcm}} ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|do good}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|treat well.|alt=To treat well.}} m4oqiuqzwi02rm5tretbi3km19jvgdx 0 3608966 6685833 2025-06-14T02:00:16Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dobale' 6685833 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yo|dobale (prostrate).}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɔ̀bálɛ̀/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person lie face down for ground as person dey greet who senior am. === Noun === # 1. Make person lie down greet person wey senior am or wey pass am. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|prostrating in respect/obeisance}} From English: dodge. ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dɔ̂dʒ/|pcm}} === Verb === # Make person dey do make im and person or someting no meet. * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|duck}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|hide}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|evade}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|avoid}} noxk63tcbpbwhsqbkrzvquatxgolh81 3 3608967 6685834 2025-06-14T02:00:17Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6685834 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 02:00, 14 June 2025 (UTC) hzky3qain13zalqvsx0gmwj4l5wuw15 0 3608968 6685835 2025-06-14T02:00:26Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dodo' 6685835 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|yo|dodo meaning fried plantain}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dòdò/|pcm}} === Noun === # Ripe plantain wey de don fry. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|Fried ripe plantain}} === Adjective === # 1. Person wey weak or dey do like who no get power. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|odoyo, mumu,}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|weakling}} * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|impotent}} mm86qr8y4ze01mndcovi1wcwtmh4gkx 0 3608969 6685836 2025-06-14T02:00:36Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dogo' 6685836 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|ha|dogo, a tall person}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dógó/|pcm}} === Adjective === # Person wey tall. ===Word wey be like am=== * {{Wt/pcm/l|pcm|tall}} ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|tall.}} iykjc6ffng0debbjm37o0a9oustjoc1 0 3608970 6685837 2025-06-14T02:00:46Z Qsdfqsdf 2607253 Add entry for 'dogoyaro' 6685837 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Naija== ===Where di word from come=== {{Wt/pcm/der|pcm|ha|dogo, tall and yaro, boy, meaning, tall boy. (Azadirachta indica)}} ===How de dey talk am=== * {{Wt/pcm/IPA|/dógójárò/|pcm}} === Noun === # Neem tree wey dey tall wellla. ===Translations=== * {{Wt/pcm/t|en|neem tree. Azadirachta indica}} m2qetyva2qjzz8ndcgnd2lol5krjat7 0 3608971 6685841 2025-06-14T03:31:07Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/امهرى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/ألمانيا|ألمانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/امهرى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/ألمانيا|ألمانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] 6am02ruw9k19tvqzu473ciogxhz4372 0 3608972 6685842 2025-06-14T03:35:50Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] jru7un1cohxdy1t12yrglksl23keez1 6685843 6685842 2025-06-14T03:37:05Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|[ʔɒːl.mɒ́ːn]}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/العثمانلى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] qby7lg01f0j2zxn9l7bkd4mt7jy6i6o 6685844 6685843 2025-06-14T03:37:54Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|[ʔɒːl.mɒ́ːn]}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} المانيا]], [[Wt/arz/جرمني|جرمني]]]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/العثمانلى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] aczwegpepc833qwcq230xjq15d2tir5 6685845 6685844 2025-06-14T03:38:27Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|[ʔɒːl.mɒ́ːn]}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} المانيا]], [[Wt/arz/جرمني|جرمني]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/العثمانلى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] cb965rg6q2fgc9aw4qt0awy20fycvsg 6685847 6685845 2025-06-14T03:38:55Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|[ʔɒːl.mɒ́ːn]}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} [[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]], [[Wt/arz/جرمني|جرمني]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/العثمانلى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] tbks1k7vm0r4iggnzvbtuu6901w5cza 6685853 6685847 2025-06-14T03:45:56Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|[ʔɒːl.mɒ́ːn]}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} [[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]], [[Wt/arz/جرمني|جرمني]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/العثمانلى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/جيلاكى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] dps15t52m4xijrgm951g2mgur852kqa 6685868 6685853 2025-06-14T03:54:01Z PFSV-UY 2568169 6685868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/فارسى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|[ʔɒːl.mɒ́ːn]}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} [[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]], [[Wt/arz/جرمني|جرمني]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/العثمانلى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/جيلاكى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] {{Wt/arz/طبری}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] 37hz9rfp8wzn1uag68btftjemo193l4 0 3608973 6685849 2025-06-14T03:40:02Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} [[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]], [[Wt/arz/آلمان|آلمان]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:Wt/arz]]" 6685849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} [[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]], [[Wt/arz/آلمان|آلمان]] === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:Wt/arz]] 9ivpaq9gf0a5suygyp1sa4cavo802it 0 3608974 6685851 2025-06-14T03:41:36Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/انجليزى|انجليزى]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685851 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/پاشتو}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/انجليزى|انجليزى]] [[Category:wt/arz]] n85tqb1qanf3d5galrgvw4flvvaag2h 0 3608975 6685854 2025-06-14T03:47:40Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/كشميرى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/كشميرى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] cy06qrqn2gxi1qr9l9kgggna188v69h 0 3608976 6685855 2025-06-14T03:47:57Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:British_Armed_Forces_personnel_on_parade_crop.jpg|thumb]] '''Ami''' be taudia oreadia unai goada be henia koua [[Wp/ho/Tano|tano]] totona mai heatu gauna. Idai ese heatu gauna mai, bona ''armed forces'' be gwau. Ami ese ena tano a koua ia inai tauna ena ami amo, noho heatu bema. Ami ese tano gavaman do haduaia ami ese tano idauna heatu totona. Noho ami idau momo: * [[Wp/ho/Ami tano|Ami tano]] – Ami oreana unai ese tanoai gaukaraia. Idai ese tano motukana iusi..." 6685855 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:British_Armed_Forces_personnel_on_parade_crop.jpg|thumb]] '''Ami''' be taudia oreadia unai goada be henia koua [[Wp/ho/Tano|tano]] totona mai heatu gauna. Idai ese heatu gauna mai, bona ''armed forces'' be gwau. Ami ese ena tano a koua ia inai tauna ena ami amo, noho heatu bema. Ami ese tano gavaman do haduaia ami ese tano idauna heatu totona. Noho ami idau momo: * [[Wp/ho/Ami tano|Ami tano]] – Ami oreana unai ese tanoai gaukaraia. Idai ese tano motukana iusilaia, [[Wp/ho/Tank|tank]] bamona. * [[Wp/ho/Ami davarana|Ami davarana]] – Ami oreana unai ese davaranai gaukaraia. Idai ese davara motukana iusilaia, [[Wp/ho/Sisima|sisima]] bamona. * [[Wp/ho/Ami gubana|Ami gubana]] – Ami oreana unai ese gubai gaukaraia. Idai ese guba motukana iusilaia, [[Wp/ho/Plein|plein]] bamona. [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Ami]] m8ma917olkzjxzntauzvvipuka28mp1 6685857 6685855 2025-06-14T03:48:11Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q8473]] 6685857 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:British_Armed_Forces_personnel_on_parade_crop.jpg|thumb]] '''Ami''' be taudia oreadia unai goada be henia koua [[Wp/ho/Tano|tano]] totona mai heatu gauna. Idai ese heatu gauna mai, bona ''armed forces'' be gwau. Ami ese ena tano a koua ia inai tauna ena ami amo, noho heatu bema. Ami ese tano gavaman do haduaia ami ese tano idauna heatu totona. Noho ami idau momo: * [[Wp/ho/Ami tano|Ami tano]] – Ami oreana unai ese tanoai gaukaraia. Idai ese tano motukana iusilaia, [[Wp/ho/Tank|tank]] bamona. * [[Wp/ho/Ami davarana|Ami davarana]] – Ami oreana unai ese davaranai gaukaraia. Idai ese davara motukana iusilaia, [[Wp/ho/Sisima|sisima]] bamona. * [[Wp/ho/Ami gubana|Ami gubana]] – Ami oreana unai ese gubai gaukaraia. Idai ese guba motukana iusilaia, [[Wp/ho/Plein|plein]] bamona. [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Ami]] {{INTERWIKI|Q8473}} ri983n3mxehuktcdfmxr2r6uz5jq5nk 10 3608977 6685856 2025-06-14T03:48:06Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "= [[wt/arz/كشميرى|كشميرى]] [[Image:Nuvola Indian flag.svg|40 px]] = [[Category:wt/arz/كشميرى|{{PAGENAME}}]] <noinclude> [[Category:wt/arz/قوالب لغات ويكشينارى مصرى|كشميرى]] </noinclude>" 6685856 wikitext text/x-wiki = [[wt/arz/كشميرى|كشميرى]] [[Image:Nuvola Indian flag.svg|40 px]] = [[Category:wt/arz/كشميرى|{{PAGENAME}}]] <noinclude> [[Category:wt/arz/قوالب لغات ويكشينارى مصرى|كشميرى]] </noinclude> rhbbps7lkr5tuon86ki2kevyj3q01n9 14 3608978 6685859 2025-06-14T03:50:03Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "{{Wp/nij/Shortcut|CAT:LU}} {{Wp/nij/Wikipedia category}} {{Wp/nij/Hiddencat}} {{Wp/nij/Autocommonscat1|Topik}} Jituh iete arsip parubahan desain antarmuka [[Wp/nij/Lambar Utama|Lambar Utama]] bara waktu ka waktu. Akan manampayah kapire-pire salinan bara Wikipedia je tahi, guang kea: <!--https://web.archive.org/web/*/nij.wikipedia.org--> https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Lambar_Utama [[Category:Wp/nij/Wikipedia|{{PAGENAME}}]]" 6685859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Shortcut|CAT:LU}} {{Wp/nij/Wikipedia category}} {{Wp/nij/Hiddencat}} {{Wp/nij/Autocommonscat1|Topik}} Jituh iete arsip parubahan desain antarmuka [[Wp/nij/Lambar Utama|Lambar Utama]] bara waktu ka waktu. Akan manampayah kapire-pire salinan bara Wikipedia je tahi, guang kea: <!--https://web.archive.org/web/*/nij.wikipedia.org--> https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Lambar_Utama [[Category:Wp/nij/Wikipedia|{{PAGENAME}}]] f4yk8ok5x3bppbmbaa31naoyl8izfp0 6685860 6685859 2025-06-14T03:51:54Z UluhKota 2601221 6685860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Shortcut|CAT:LU}} {{Wp/nij/Wikipedia category}} {{Wp/nij/Hiddencat}} {{Wp/nij/Autocommonscat1|Topik}} Jituh iete arsip parubahan desain antarmuka [[Wp/nij/Lambar Utama|Lambar Utama]] bara waktu ka waktu. Akan manampayah kapire-pire salinan bara Wikipedia je tahi, guang kea: <!--https://web.archive.org/web/*/nij.wikipedia.org--> https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Lambar_Utama https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Wikipedia:Lambar_Utama https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Main_Page [[Category:Wp/nij/Wikipedia|{{PAGENAME}}]] 6k989zd8z1on2i4oovgo1bogbi98t3m 6685866 6685860 2025-06-14T03:52:52Z UluhKota 2601221 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q5612559]] 6685866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Shortcut|CAT:LU}} {{Wp/nij/Wikipedia category}} {{Wp/nij/Hiddencat}} {{Wp/nij/Autocommonscat1|Topik}} Jituh iete arsip parubahan desain antarmuka [[Wp/nij/Lambar Utama|Lambar Utama]] bara waktu ka waktu. Akan manampayah kapire-pire salinan bara Wikipedia je tahi, guang kea: <!--https://web.archive.org/web/*/nij.wikipedia.org--> https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Lambar_Utama https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Wikipedia:Lambar_Utama https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Main_Page [[Category:Wp/nij/Wikipedia|{{PAGENAME}}]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5612559}} nih6dpx0cc1ddvrou2grgz1vsmn394a 6685877 6685866 2025-06-14T04:03:38Z UluhKota 2601221 6685877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Shortcut|CAT:LU}} {{Wp/nij/Wikipedia category}} {{Wp/nij/Hiddencat}} {{Wp/nij/Autocommonscat1|Topik}} Jituh iete arsip parubahan desain antarmuka [[Wp/nij/Lambar Utama|Lambar Utama]] bara waktu ka waktu. Akan manampayah kapire-pire salinan bara Wikipedia je tahi, guang kea: <!--https://web.archive.org/web/*/nij.wikipedia.org--> https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Lambar_Utama https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Wikipedia:Lambar_Utama https://web.archive.org/web/*/incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/nij/Main_Page [[Category:Wp/nij/Wikipedia|Lambar Utama]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5612559}} dl5dm2dy9fv6na2yncumbonb4wn9vmr 0 3608979 6685861 2025-06-14T03:52:03Z PFSV-UY 2568169 Created page with "{{Wt/arz/كشميرى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]]" 6685861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/arz/كشميرى}} === النطق === *IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}} === اسم === #[[Wt/arz/المانيا|المانيا]] [[Category:wt/arz]] cy06qrqn2gxi1qr9l9kgggna188v69h 0 3608980 6685862 2025-06-14T03:52:07Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Peace_symbol_(bold).svg|thumb|Maino toana]] '''Maino''' be nega mai heatu lasi. Taudia momo bona orea momo ese maino ura. {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Maino]]" 6685862 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Peace_symbol_(bold).svg|thumb|Maino toana]] '''Maino''' be nega mai heatu lasi. Taudia momo bona orea momo ese maino ura. {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Maino]] p8jop394wvxkowqv9zw1s08mgrqf4c7 6685863 6685862 2025-06-14T03:52:20Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q19307495]] 6685863 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Peace_symbol_(bold).svg|thumb|Maino toana]] '''Maino''' be nega mai heatu lasi. Taudia momo bona orea momo ese maino ura. {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Maino]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19307495}} tgonhsiqxflejp7x2i5jsrus3cxzfwl 6685865 6685863 2025-06-14T03:52:52Z Languages309 2594026 6685865 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Peace_symbol_(bold).svg|thumb|Maino toana]] '''Maino''' be nega mai heatu lasi. Taudia momo bona orea momo ese maino ura. {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Maino]] {{INTERWIKI|Q454}} n1h9p6wwf55jbdhijlc97bek7te7813 10 3608981 6685874 2025-06-14T03:59:52Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{PAGENAME:{{{1|}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}<includeonly>[[Category:Lambar je mahapan templat sabagai pangganti kata ajaib|H{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly><noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}}</noinclude>" 6685874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{PAGENAME:{{{1|}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}<includeonly>[[Category:Lambar je mahapan templat sabagai pangganti kata ajaib|H{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly><noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}}</noinclude> tfh9aldgo3ahudi1e5srsnk34lhiw66 6685875 6685874 2025-06-14T04:01:07Z UluhKota 2601221 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q14401685]] 6685875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{PAGENAME:{{{1|}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}<includeonly>[[Category:Lambar je mahapan templat sabagai pangganti kata ajaib|H{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly><noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}} {{INTERWIKI|Q14401685}} </noinclude> l5saivmif7wgf39t6rz8um7loojx9vr 10 3608982 6685879 2025-06-14T04:05:44Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "<includeonly>{{#invoke:Wp/nij/Shortcut|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude>" 6685879 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Wp/nij/Shortcut|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> 5m4a9xa81fiy3hyjjpchheos43zpfg6 6685881 6685879 2025-06-14T04:06:09Z UluhKota 2601221 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q5070586]] 6685881 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Wp/nij/Shortcut|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> {{INTERWIKI|Q5070586}} </noinclude> fe9rlyqvtr2gxy7zbcslcdpjr3qpq4r 10 3608983 6685884 2025-06-14T04:09:35Z UluhKota 2601221 Redirected page to [[Template:Wp/nij/Maintenance category]] 6685884 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect[[Template:Wp/nij/Maintenance category]] oqdyq6bolo5gyildv9ed0nut97pksb2 10 3608984 6685885 2025-06-14T04:10:39Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__ {{Wp/nij/Cmbox |type=notice |text=<div>This is a '''[[Wikipedia:Maintenance|maintenance]] [[Help:Category|category]]''', used for [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-article and maintenance categories|maintenance of the Wikipedia project]]. It is not part of the encyclopedia and contains [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|non-article pages]], or groups articles by status rather than subject. Do not include this category in content categories.</div>{{#if:..." 6685885 wikitext text/x-wiki __EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__ {{Wp/nij/Cmbox |type=notice |text=<div>This is a '''[[Wikipedia:Maintenance|maintenance]] [[Help:Category|category]]''', used for [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-article and maintenance categories|maintenance of the Wikipedia project]]. It is not part of the encyclopedia and contains [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|non-article pages]], or groups articles by status rather than subject. Do not include this category in content categories.</div>{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{container|}}}}} | <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Container categories|container category]]'''. Due to its scope, '''it should only contain [[WP:SUBCAT|subcategories]]'''.</div>{{#ifeq: {{{container_category|}}} | no | | {{Category other|{{{category|[[Category:Container categories]]}}}}} }} }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{tracking|}}}}} | __HIDDENCAT__ <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Tracking categories|tracking category]]'''. It builds and maintains a list of pages primarily for the sake of the list itself. 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It is not shown on its member pages, unless the corresponding [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|user preference]] ({{int:prefs-rendering}} → {{int:tog-showhiddencats}}) is set.</div> }} }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{empty|}}}}} | {{Possibly empty category|hide=true}} <div><span class="sysop-show" style="font-size:15px;">'''Administrators: Please do not delete this category even if it is empty!'''</span> This category may be empty occasionally or even most of the time. {{{empty_text|}}}</div> }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{polluted|}}}}} | {{Polluted category}} }} |imageright={{#if: {{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}} | {{Shortcut|{{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}}|{{{shortcut2|}}}|{{{shortcut3|}}}|{{{shortcut4|}}}|{{{shortcut5|}}}}} }} }}<includeonly>{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{nocat|false}}}}} | false | {{Single namespace|category}}{{#if: {{{desc|}}}{{{1|}}} | <div>{{{alt|{{{ALTTEXT|'''Description''':}}}}}} {{{desc|{{{1|}}}}}}</div> }} | <!-- Category suppressed --> }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Wp/nij/Documentation}}<!-- Please add categories to the /doc sub-page, not here. --></noinclude> dvbvo224s6wxk1p1rmn03ywbbmiv8a5 6685886 6685885 2025-06-14T04:11:07Z UluhKota 2601221 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q5618182]] 6685886 wikitext text/x-wiki __EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__ {{Wp/nij/Cmbox |type=notice |text=<div>This is a '''[[Wikipedia:Maintenance|maintenance]] [[Help:Category|category]]''', used for [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-article and maintenance categories|maintenance of the Wikipedia project]]. It is not part of the encyclopedia and contains [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|non-article pages]], or groups articles by status rather than subject. Do not include this category in content categories.</div>{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{container|}}}}} | <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Container categories|container category]]'''. Due to its scope, '''it should only contain [[WP:SUBCAT|subcategories]]'''.</div>{{#ifeq: {{{container_category|}}} | no | | {{Category other|{{{category|[[Category:Container categories]]}}}}} }} }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{tracking|}}}}} | __HIDDENCAT__ <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Tracking categories|tracking category]]'''. It builds and maintains a list of pages primarily for the sake of the list itself. They are not part of the '''[[Wikipedia:Categorization|encyclopedia's categorization scheme]]'''.</div> {{#if: {{{purpose|}}}{{{description|}}} | <div>{{{purpose|{{{description}}}}}}</div> }}<div> * This category is '''[[Wikipedia:Categorization#Hiding categories|hidden]]''' on its [[:Category:Hidden categories|member pages]]&mdash;unless the corresponding [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpshowhiddencats|user preference]] ({{int:prefs-rendering}} → {{int:tog-showhiddencats}}) is set. * These categories can be used to track, build and organize lists of pages needing "attention ''en masse''" (for example, pages using deprecated syntax), or that may need to be edited at someone's earliest convenience. * These categories also serve to aggregate members of several lists or sub-categories into a larger, more efficient list (''discriminated by classifications'').</div>{{#ifeq: {{{tracking_category|}}} | no | | {{Category other|{{{category|[[Category:Tracking categories]]}}}}} }} | {{#if: {{Yesno|{{{hidden|}}}}} | __HIDDENCAT__ <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Hidden categories|hidden category]]'''. It is not shown on its member pages, unless the corresponding [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|user preference]] ({{int:prefs-rendering}} → {{int:tog-showhiddencats}}) is set.</div> }} }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{empty|}}}}} | {{Possibly empty category|hide=true}} <div><span class="sysop-show" style="font-size:15px;">'''Administrators: Please do not delete this category even if it is empty!'''</span> This category may be empty occasionally or even most of the time. {{{empty_text|}}}</div> }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{polluted|}}}}} | {{Polluted category}} }} |imageright={{#if: {{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}} | {{Shortcut|{{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}}|{{{shortcut2|}}}|{{{shortcut3|}}}|{{{shortcut4|}}}|{{{shortcut5|}}}}} }} }}<includeonly>{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{nocat|false}}}}} | false | {{Single namespace|category}}{{#if: {{{desc|}}}{{{1|}}} | <div>{{{alt|{{{ALTTEXT|'''Description''':}}}}}} {{{desc|{{{1|}}}}}}</div> }} | <!-- Category suppressed --> }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Wp/nij/Documentation}}<!-- Please add categories to the /doc sub-page, not here. --> {{INTERWIKI|Q5618182}} </noinclude> o4lo2n3b5r6h8yqvce8kueqs0gh82go 6685890 6685886 2025-06-14T04:16:55Z UluhKota 2601221 6685890 wikitext text/x-wiki __EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__ {{Wp/nij/Cmbox |type=notice |text=<div>This is a '''[[Wikipedia:Maintenance|maintenance]] [[Help:Category|category]]''', used for [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-article and maintenance categories|maintenance of the Wikipedia project]]. It is not part of the encyclopedia and contains [[Wikipedia:What is an article?|non-article pages]], or groups articles by status rather than subject. Do not include this category in content categories.</div>{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{container|}}}}} | <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Container categories|container category]]'''. Due to its scope, '''it should only contain [[WP:SUBCAT|subcategories]]'''.</div>{{#ifeq: {{{container_category|}}} | no | | {{Category other|{{{category|[[Category:Container categories]]}}}}} }} }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{tracking|}}}}} | __HIDDENCAT__ <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Tracking categories|tracking category]]'''. It builds and maintains a list of pages primarily for the sake of the list itself. They are not part of the '''[[Wikipedia:Categorization|encyclopedia's categorization scheme]]'''.</div> {{#if: {{{purpose|}}}{{{description|}}} | <div>{{{purpose|{{{description}}}}}}</div> }}<div> * This category is '''[[Wikipedia:Categorization#Hiding categories|hidden]]''' on its [[:Category:Hidden categories|member pages]]&mdash;unless the corresponding [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpshowhiddencats|user preference]] ({{int:prefs-rendering}} → {{int:tog-showhiddencats}}) is set. * These categories can be used to track, build and organize lists of pages needing "attention ''en masse''" (for example, pages using deprecated syntax), or that may need to be edited at someone's earliest convenience. * These categories also serve to aggregate members of several lists or sub-categories into a larger, more efficient list (''discriminated by classifications'').</div>{{#ifeq: {{{tracking_category|}}} | no | | {{Category other|{{{category|[[Category:Tracking categories]]}}}}} }} | {{#if: {{Yesno|{{{hidden|}}}}} | __HIDDENCAT__ <div>This is a '''[[:Category:Hidden categories|hidden category]]'''. It is not shown on its member pages, unless the corresponding [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|user preference]] ({{int:prefs-rendering}} → {{int:tog-showhiddencats}}) is set.</div> }} }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{empty|}}}}} | {{Possibly empty category|hide=true}} <div><span class="sysop-show" style="font-size:15px;">'''Administrators: Please do not delete this category even if it is empty!'''</span> This category may be empty occasionally or even most of the time. {{{empty_text|}}}</div> }}{{#if: {{Yesno|{{{polluted|}}}}} | {{Polluted category}} }} |imageright={{#if: {{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}} | {{Shortcut|{{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}}|{{{shortcut2|}}}|{{{shortcut3|}}}|{{{shortcut4|}}}|{{{shortcut5|}}}}} }} }}<includeonly>{{#ifeq: {{lc:{{{nocat|false}}}}} | false | {{Wp/nij/Single namespace|category}}{{#if: {{{desc|}}}{{{1|}}} | <div>{{{alt|{{{ALTTEXT|'''Description''':}}}}}} {{{desc|{{{1|}}}}}}</div> }} | <!-- Category suppressed --> }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Wp/nij/Documentation}}<!-- Please add categories to the /doc sub-page, not here. --> {{INTERWIKI|Q5618182}} </noinclude> jnfwxf3jxalh91fuiv5xtfj5b1ckegh 10 3608985 6685887 2025-06-14T04:12:40Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "{{#invoke:Wp/nij/Message box|cmbox}}<noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude>" 6685887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/nij/Message box|cmbox}}<noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> g06vplx7ontm5asrpbe7xz6fy601wtu 6685888 6685887 2025-06-14T04:13:01Z UluhKota 2601221 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q6042279]] 6685888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Wp/nij/Message box|cmbox}}<noinclude> {{Wp/nij/documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> {{INTERWIKI|Q6042279}} </noinclude> kf7rjro2vuqxspfxjwoio8an7hqm83u 10 3608986 6685891 2025-06-14T04:18:44Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "{{Wt/bew/box-top}}{{#if:{{{pbat|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|entry={{{bat}}}|page={{{pbat}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pcraw|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:Crawfurd:1852|entry={{{craw}}}|page={{{pcraw}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1867|entry={{{hom1}}}|page={{{phom1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1868|entry={{{hom2}}}|page={{{phom2}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1877|entry={{{vdw1}}}|page={{{pvdw1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:..." 6685891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/bew/box-top}}{{#if:{{{pbat|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|entry={{{bat}}}|page={{{pbat}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pcraw|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:Crawfurd:1852|entry={{{craw}}}|page={{{pcraw}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1867|entry={{{hom1}}}|page={{{phom1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1868|entry={{{hom2}}}|page={{{phom2}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1877|entry={{{vdw1}}}|page={{{pvdw1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1880|entry={{{vdw2}}}|page={{{pvdw2}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw3|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1884|entry={{{vdw3}}}|page={{{pvdw3}}}}}}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> fskkzasw453usm9x5cxv4umz3ltgk5p 6685896 6685891 2025-06-14T04:26:31Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/bew/box-top}}{{#if:{{{pbat|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|entry={{{bat|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pbat}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pcraw|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:Crawfurd:1852|entry={{{craw|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pcraw}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1867|entry={{{hom1|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{phom1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1868|entry={{{hom2|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{phom2}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1877|entry={{{vdw1|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pvdw1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1880|entry={{{vdw2|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pvdw2}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw3|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1884|entry={{{vdw3|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pvdw3}}}}}}} {{Wt/bew/box-end}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> ix2dpct0rmyzan55j8w7k1fx8pu07b0 6685992 6685896 2025-06-14T06:00:32Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/bew/box-top}}<div style="font-size:90%;">{{#if:{{{pbat|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Batten:1868|entry={{{bat|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pbat}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pcraw|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:Crawfurd:1852|entry={{{craw|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pcraw}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1867|entry={{{hom1|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{phom1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{phom2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:bew:Homan:1868|entry={{{hom2|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{phom2}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw1|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1877|entry={{{vdw1|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pvdw1}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw2|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1880|entry={{{vdw2|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pvdw2}}}}}}}{{#if:{{{pvdw3|}}}| * {{Wt/bew/R:msa:VDW:1884|entry={{{vdw3|{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}}|page={{{pvdw3}}}}}}}</div> {{Wt/bew/box-end}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> eal8y3ir46y278yv6pn6dsjtouaritp 828 3608987 6685893 2025-06-14T04:20:51Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "-- This module implements {{shortcut}}. -- Set constants local CONFIG_MODULE = 'Module:Shortcut/config' -- Load required modules local checkType = require('libraryUtil').checkType local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local p = {} local function message(msg, ...) return mw.message.newRawMessage(msg, ...):plain() end local function makeCategoryLink(cat) return string.format('[[%s:%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[14].name, cat) end function p._main(shortcuts, options, fra..." 6685893 Scribunto text/plain -- This module implements {{shortcut}}. -- Set constants local CONFIG_MODULE = 'Module:Shortcut/config' -- Load required modules local checkType = require('libraryUtil').checkType local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local p = {} local function message(msg, ...) return mw.message.newRawMessage(msg, ...):plain() end local function makeCategoryLink(cat) return string.format('[[%s:%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[14].name, cat) end function p._main(shortcuts, options, frame, cfg) checkType('_main', 1, shortcuts, 'table') checkType('_main', 2, options, 'table', true) options = options or {} frame = frame or mw.getCurrentFrame() cfg = cfg or mw.loadData(CONFIG_MODULE) local templateMode = options.template and yesno(options.template) local redirectMode = options.redirect and yesno(options.redirect) local isCategorized = not options.category or yesno(options.category) ~= false -- Validate shortcuts for i, shortcut in ipairs(shortcuts) do if type(shortcut) ~= 'string' or #shortcut < 1 then error(message(cfg['invalid-shortcut-error'], i), 2) end end -- Make the list items. These are the shortcuts plus any extra lines such -- as options.msg. local listItems = {} for i, shortcut in ipairs(shortcuts) do local templatePath, prefix if templateMode then -- Namespace detection local titleObj = mw.title.new(shortcut, 10) if titleObj.namespace == 10 then templatePath = titleObj.fullText else templatePath = shortcut end prefix = options['pre' .. i] or options.pre or '' end if options.target and yesno(options.target) then listItems[i] = templateMode and string.format("&#123;&#123;%s[[%s|%s]]&#125;&#125;", prefix, templatePath, shortcut) or string.format("[[%s]]", shortcut) else listItems[i] = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'No redirect', args = templateMode and {templatePath, shortcut} or {shortcut, shortcut} } if templateMode then listItems[i] = string.format("&#123;&#123;%s%s&#125;&#125;", prefix, listItems[i]) end end end table.insert(listItems, options.msg) -- Return an error if we have nothing to display if #listItems < 1 then local msg = cfg['no-content-error'] msg = string.format('<strong class="error">%s</strong>', msg) if isCategorized and cfg['no-content-error-category'] then msg = msg .. makeCategoryLink(cfg['no-content-error-category']) end return msg end local root = mw.html.create() root:wikitext(frame:extensionTag{ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Module:Shortcut/styles.css'} }) -- Anchors local anchorDiv = root :tag('div') :addClass('module-shortcutanchordiv') for i, shortcut in ipairs(shortcuts) do local anchor = mw.uri.anchorEncode(shortcut) anchorDiv:tag('span'):attr('id', anchor) end -- Shortcut heading local shortcutHeading do local nShortcuts = #shortcuts if nShortcuts > 0 then local headingMsg = options['shortcut-heading'] or redirectMode and cfg['redirect-heading'] or cfg['shortcut-heading'] shortcutHeading = message(headingMsg, nShortcuts) shortcutHeading = frame:preprocess(shortcutHeading) end end -- Shortcut box local shortcutList = root :tag('div') :addClass('module-shortcutboxplain noprint') :attr('role', 'note') if options.float and options.float:lower() == 'left' then shortcutList:addClass('module-shortcutboxleft') end if options.clear and options.clear ~= '' then shortcutList:css('clear', options.clear) end if shortcutHeading then shortcutList :tag('div') :addClass('module-shortcutlist') :wikitext(shortcutHeading) end local ubl = require('Module:List').unbulleted(listItems) shortcutList:wikitext(ubl) return tostring(root) end function p.main(frame) local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame) -- Separate shortcuts from options local shortcuts, options = {}, {} for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'number' then shortcuts[k] = v else options[k] = v end end -- Compress the shortcut array, which may contain nils. local function compressArray(t) local nums, ret = {}, {} for k in pairs(t) do nums[#nums + 1] = k end table.sort(nums) for i, num in ipairs(nums) do ret[i] = t[num] end return ret end shortcuts = compressArray(shortcuts) return p._main(shortcuts, options, frame) end return p 0grxrt10usr45p0y9yes29aw6xnxg7j 6685895 6685893 2025-06-14T04:24:48Z UluhKota 2601221 Keleh aku nampa artikel taheta atawa ngedit artikel, amun kilau tuh 6685895 Scribunto text/plain -- This module implements {{shortcut}}. -- Set constants local CONFIG_MODULE = 'Module:Wp/nij/Shortcut/config' -- Load required modules local checkType = require('libraryUtil').checkType local yesno = require('Module:Wp/nij/Yesno') local p = {} local function message(msg, ...) return mw.message.newRawMessage(msg, ...):plain() end local function makeCategoryLink(cat) return string.format('[[%s:%s]]', mw.site.namespaces[14].name, cat) end function p._main(shortcuts, options, frame, cfg) checkType('_main', 1, shortcuts, 'table') checkType('_main', 2, options, 'table', true) options = options or {} frame = frame or mw.getCurrentFrame() cfg = cfg or mw.loadData(CONFIG_MODULE) local templateMode = options.template and yesno(options.template) local redirectMode = options.redirect and yesno(options.redirect) local isCategorized = not options.category or yesno(options.category) ~= false -- Validate shortcuts for i, shortcut in ipairs(shortcuts) do if type(shortcut) ~= 'string' or #shortcut < 1 then error(message(cfg['invalid-shortcut-error'], i), 2) end end -- Make the list items. These are the shortcuts plus any extra lines such -- as options.msg. local listItems = {} for i, shortcut in ipairs(shortcuts) do local templatePath, prefix if templateMode then -- Namespace detection local titleObj = mw.title.new(shortcut, 10) if titleObj.namespace == 10 then templatePath = titleObj.fullText else templatePath = shortcut end prefix = options['pre' .. i] or options.pre or '' end if options.target and yesno(options.target) then listItems[i] = templateMode and string.format("&#123;&#123;%s[[%s|%s]]&#125;&#125;", prefix, templatePath, shortcut) or string.format("[[%s]]", shortcut) else listItems[i] = frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'No redirect', args = templateMode and {templatePath, shortcut} or {shortcut, shortcut} } if templateMode then listItems[i] = string.format("&#123;&#123;%s%s&#125;&#125;", prefix, listItems[i]) end end end table.insert(listItems, options.msg) -- Return an error if we have nothing to display if #listItems < 1 then local msg = cfg['no-content-error'] msg = string.format('<strong class="error">%s</strong>', msg) if isCategorized and cfg['no-content-error-category'] then msg = msg .. makeCategoryLink(cfg['no-content-error-category']) end return msg end local root = mw.html.create() root:wikitext(frame:extensionTag{ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Module:Shortcut/styles.css'} }) -- Anchors local anchorDiv = root :tag('div') :addClass('module-shortcutanchordiv') for i, shortcut in ipairs(shortcuts) do local anchor = mw.uri.anchorEncode(shortcut) anchorDiv:tag('span'):attr('id', anchor) end -- Shortcut heading local shortcutHeading do local nShortcuts = #shortcuts if nShortcuts > 0 then local headingMsg = options['shortcut-heading'] or redirectMode and cfg['redirect-heading'] or cfg['shortcut-heading'] shortcutHeading = message(headingMsg, nShortcuts) shortcutHeading = frame:preprocess(shortcutHeading) end end -- Shortcut box local shortcutList = root :tag('div') :addClass('module-shortcutboxplain noprint') :attr('role', 'note') if options.float and options.float:lower() == 'left' then shortcutList:addClass('module-shortcutboxleft') end if options.clear and options.clear ~= '' then shortcutList:css('clear', options.clear) end if shortcutHeading then shortcutList :tag('div') :addClass('module-shortcutlist') :wikitext(shortcutHeading) end local ubl = require('Module:List').unbulleted(listItems) shortcutList:wikitext(ubl) return tostring(root) end function p.main(frame) local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame) -- Separate shortcuts from options local shortcuts, options = {}, {} for k, v in pairs(args) do if type(k) == 'number' then shortcuts[k] = v else options[k] = v end end -- Compress the shortcut array, which may contain nils. local function compressArray(t) local nums, ret = {}, {} for k in pairs(t) do nums[#nums + 1] = k end table.sort(nums) for i, num in ipairs(nums) do ret[i] = t[num] end return ret end shortcuts = compressArray(shortcuts) return p._main(shortcuts, options, frame) end return p 66vyyvc91cd6k4mb8w6j8lr0hfvqzha 10 3608988 6685894 2025-06-14T04:24:45Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "<pre> bat = Batten 1868, pbat = hlm. craw = Crawfurd 1852, pcraw = hlm. hom1 = Homan 1867, phom1 = hlm. hom2 = Homan 1868, phom2 = hlm. vdw1 = VDW 1877, pvdw1 = hlm. vdw2 = VDW 1880, pvdw2 = hlm. vdw3 = VDW 1884, pvdw3 = hlm. </pre> Kamus nyang dia punya hak keja belon abis, kaya' Kong Chaèr punya (1976/2009), kaga' bisa plek jadi ruju'an pema'naan, kudu masupnya di bawa bagèan "Bacaan terusan"." 6685894 wikitext text/x-wiki <pre> bat = Batten 1868, pbat = hlm. craw = Crawfurd 1852, pcraw = hlm. hom1 = Homan 1867, phom1 = hlm. hom2 = Homan 1868, phom2 = hlm. vdw1 = VDW 1877, pvdw1 = hlm. vdw2 = VDW 1880, pvdw2 = hlm. vdw3 = VDW 1884, pvdw3 = hlm. </pre> Kamus nyang dia punya hak keja belon abis, kaya' Kong Chaèr punya (1976/2009), kaga' bisa plek jadi ruju'an pema'naan, kudu masupnya di bawa bagèan "Bacaan terusan". 0ysppr5a7qsjzl1rkr8r5jr31tufp5x 6686040 6685894 2025-06-14T06:15:33Z Swarabakti 2526161 6686040 wikitext text/x-wiki Bakal mampangin ruju'an deri kamus dulu-dulu nyang masupin basa Betawi. Isian halaman kudu ada. <pre> bat = Batten 1868, pbat = hlm. craw = Crawfurd 1852, pcraw = hlm. hom1 = Homan 1867, phom1 = hlm. hom2 = Homan 1868, phom2 = hlm. vdw1 = VDW 1877, pvdw1 = hlm. vdw2 = VDW 1880, pvdw2 = hlm. vdw3 = VDW 1884, pvdw3 = hlm. </pre> Kamus nyang dia punya hak keja belon abis, kaya' Kong Chaèr punya (1976/2009), kaga' bisa plek jadi ruju'an pema'naan, kudu masupnya di bawa bagèan "Bacaan terusan". khfscytn4xoysb26hjl8evj314hnx4g 6686043 6686040 2025-06-14T06:17:05Z Swarabakti 2526161 6686043 wikitext text/x-wiki Bakal mampangin ruju'an deri kamus dulu-dulu nyang masupin basa Betawi. Isian halaman kudu ada. <pre> bat = Batten 1868, pbat = hlm. craw = Crawfurd 1852, pcraw = hlm. hom1 = Homan 1867, phom1 = hlm. hom2 = Homan 1868, phom2 = hlm. vdw1 = VDW 1877, pvdw1 = hlm. vdw2 = VDW 1880, pvdw2 = hlm. vdw3 = VDW 1884, pvdw3 = hlm. </pre> Tulad bakal pentol kata [[Wt/bew/aba-aba|aba-aba]]: <pre> {{bew-ref |bat=Aba-aba|pbat=1 |vdw1=*اب ābạ|pvdw1=1 }} </pre> Entar nongolnya begini: {{Wt/bew/bew-ref |bat=Aba-aba|pbat=1 |vdw1=*اب ābạ|pvdw1=1 }} Kamus nyang dia punya hak keja belon abis, kaya' Kong Chaèr punya (1976/2009), kaga' bisa plek jadi ruju'an pema'naan, kudu masupnya di bawa bagèan "Bacaan terusan". 6pdj4w576fzoz7padjovzxd87u582rq 6686045 6686043 2025-06-14T06:19:49Z Swarabakti 2526161 6686045 wikitext text/x-wiki Bakal mampangin ruju'an deri kamus dulu-dulu nyang masupin basa Betawi. Isian halaman kudu ada. <pre> |bat = Batten 1868 | pbat = hlm. |craw = Crawfurd 1852 | pcraw = hlm. |hom1 = Homan 1867 | phom1 = hlm. |hom2 = Homan 1868 | phom2 = hlm. |vdw1 = VDW 1877 | pvdw1 = hlm. |vdw2 = VDW 1880 | pvdw2 = hlm. |vdw3 = VDW 1884 | pvdw3 = hlm. </pre> Tulad bakal pentol kata [[Wt/bew/aba-aba|aba-aba]]: <pre> {{bew-ref |bat=Aba-aba|pbat=1 |vdw1=*اب ābạ|pvdw1=1 }} </pre> Entar nongolnya begini: {{Wt/bew/bew-ref |bat=Aba-aba|pbat=1 |vdw1=*اب ābạ|pvdw1=1 }} Kamus nyang dia punya hak keja belon abis, kaya' Kong Chaèr punya (1976/2009), kaga' bisa plek jadi ruju'an pema'naan, kudu masupnya di bawa bagèan "Bacaan terusan". a34tyh4diji4k03wu3hbuz905hzvkt9 6686047 6686045 2025-06-14T06:20:22Z Swarabakti 2526161 6686047 wikitext text/x-wiki Bakal mampangin ruju'an deri kamus dulu-dulu nyang masupin basa Betawi. Isian halaman kudu ada. <pre> |bat = Batten 1868 | pbat = hlm. |craw = Crawfurd 1852 | pcraw = hlm. |hom1 = Homan 1867 | phom1 = hlm. |hom2 = Homan 1868 | phom2 = hlm. |vdw1 = VDW 1877 | pvdw1 = hlm. |vdw2 = VDW 1880 | pvdw2 = hlm. |vdw3 = VDW 1884 | pvdw3 = hlm. </pre> Tulad bakal pentol kata [[Wt/bew/aba-aba|aba-aba]]: <pre> ====Ruju'an==== {{bew-ref |bat=Aba-aba|pbat=1 |vdw1=*اب ābạ|pvdw1=1 }} </pre> Entar nongolnya begini: ====Ruju'an==== {{Wt/bew/bew-ref |bat=Aba-aba|pbat=1 |vdw1=*اب ābạ|pvdw1=1 }} Kamus nyang dia punya hak keja belon abis, kaya' Kong Chaèr punya (1976/2009), kaga' bisa plek jadi ruju'an pema'naan, kudu masupnya di bawa bagèan "Bacaan terusan". nkk1g7pulnd1n8qobfjorp4jorbcyou 0 3608989 6685901 2025-06-14T05:08:46Z OrangKalideres 2594629 Anyar 6685901 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|hu}}== {{Wt/bew/head|hu}} # {{Wt/bew/-nama-|hu}} [[Wt/bew/Ruslan|Ruslan]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] gy6p69wb9flkb4kbaox6q89ws82gmhl 0 3608990 6685903 2025-06-14T05:09:22Z OrangKalideres 2594629 Anyar 6685903 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|hu}}== {{Wt/bew/head|hu}} # {{Wt/bew/-nama-|hu}} [[Wt/bew/Itali|Itali]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] cx9w5glswsblx1a3vmk1febn3pt9004 0 3608991 6685904 2025-06-14T05:10:07Z OrangKalideres 2594629 Anyar 6685904 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|hu}}== {{Wt/bew/head|hu}} # {{Wt/bew/-n-|hu}} [[Wt/bew/Oktober|Oktober]] [[Category:Wt/bew]] ny6igcuh21x20hu4ctvz0ibsfqabjq1 0 3608992 6685908 2025-06-14T05:16:07Z Swarabakti 2526161 Created page with "=={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} ====Pema'naan===== # {{-n-|bew}} puun gedé deri jenis ''[[:species:Artocarpus heterophyllus|Artocarpus heterophyllus]]'' # {{-n-|bew}} bua mateng deri entu puun" 6685908 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{lang|bew}}== {{head|bew}} ====Pema'naan===== # {{-n-|bew}} puun gedé deri jenis ''[[:species:Artocarpus heterophyllus|Artocarpus heterophyllus]]'' # {{-n-|bew}} bua mateng deri entu puun e63p6whiyd2gnznzpf1221umujw725b 6685909 6685908 2025-06-14T05:16:17Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685909 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan===== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} puun gedé deri jenis ''[[:species:Artocarpus heterophyllus|Artocarpus heterophyllus]]'' # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} bua mateng deri entu puun [[Category:Wt/bew]] 5yv14ox1x99odcaxkizvgvq2fatm4wr 6685910 6685909 2025-06-14T05:16:40Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685910 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} puun gedé deri jenis ''[[:species:Artocarpus heterophyllus|Artocarpus heterophyllus]]'' # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} bua mateng deri entu puun [[Category:Wt/bew]] plm9m055nq4oiyedwk05luf3s14mq1y 6685991 6685910 2025-06-14T05:58:15Z Swarabakti 2526161 6685991 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/bew/lang|bew}}== {{Wt/bew/head|bew}} ====Pema'naan==== # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/puun|puun]] [[Wt/bew/gedé|gedé]] deri jenis ''[[:species:Artocarpus heterophyllus|Artocarpus heterophyllus]]'' # {{Wt/bew/-n-|bew}} [[Wt/bew/bua|bua]] [[Wt/bew/mateng|mateng]] deri entu puun [[Category:Wt/bew]] 1cy220bwjf3s94qmsesrbukn0393sfu 0 3608993 6685911 2025-06-14T05:18:40Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "P [[Category:Wp/nij]]" 6685911 wikitext text/x-wiki P [[Category:Wp/nij]] i04wqm792u3olxjn08q3q6swgy98ugu 6685929 6685911 2025-06-14T05:24:47Z UluhKota 2601221 UluhKota moved page [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing 1.png]] to [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing]]: Tege menu "File" melai menu "Move page", "New title" tapi dia tau mindah ka hete puna bareh ih lo!?🤬😹 6685911 wikitext text/x-wiki P [[Category:Wp/nij]] i04wqm792u3olxjn08q3q6swgy98ugu 6685993 6685929 2025-06-14T06:01:11Z UluhKota 2601221 6685993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Akan|tumbuhan|Agave americana (metuh bakambang)}} '''Batang Garing''' atawa '''Batang Haring''' iete simbul bara [[Wp/nij/Agave americana (metuh hakambang)|pohon batang garing]] je manjari simbul [[Wp/nij/Kaharingan|agama Kaharingan]]. Simbul jituh tege tempun arti ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Indonesia|Kutak Indonesia]] iete ''Pohon Kehidupan''.<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite journal|last=Mirim|first=Sudiman|last2=|first2=|date=30 Juni 2018|title=BATANG HARING (Sebuah Kajian Mitologi, Fungsi dan Makna)|url=https://ejournal.iahntp.ac.id/index.php/WK/article/view/313|journal=Widya Katambung|language=id|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.33363/wk.v9i1.313|issn=2089-6662}}</ref> == Tampunan bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] {{Wp/nij/Stub}} hzvniptnltadhk3d7magjnzd72nmvwo 6685994 6685993 2025-06-14T06:01:32Z UluhKota 2601221 UluhKota moved page [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing]] to [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing (simbul)]] 6685993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Akan|tumbuhan|Agave americana (metuh bakambang)}} '''Batang Garing''' atawa '''Batang Haring''' iete simbul bara [[Wp/nij/Agave americana (metuh hakambang)|pohon batang garing]] je manjari simbul [[Wp/nij/Kaharingan|agama Kaharingan]]. Simbul jituh tege tempun arti ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Indonesia|Kutak Indonesia]] iete ''Pohon Kehidupan''.<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite journal|last=Mirim|first=Sudiman|last2=|first2=|date=30 Juni 2018|title=BATANG HARING (Sebuah Kajian Mitologi, Fungsi dan Makna)|url=https://ejournal.iahntp.ac.id/index.php/WK/article/view/313|journal=Widya Katambung|language=id|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.33363/wk.v9i1.313|issn=2089-6662}}</ref> == Tampunan bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] {{Wp/nij/Stub}} hzvniptnltadhk3d7magjnzd72nmvwo 6686003 6685994 2025-06-14T06:06:48Z UluhKota 2601221 puna bajilek kau aku ture tulisan bahandang te nah 6686003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Sr|Akan tumbuhan, ture [[Wp/nij/Agave americana (metuh bakambang)|Agave americana (metuh bakambang)]]}} '''Batang Garing''' atawa '''Batang Haring''' iete simbul bara [[Wp/nij/''Agave americana'' (metuh hakambang)|pohon batang garing]] je manjari simbul [[Wp/nij/Kaharingan|agama Kaharingan]]. Simbul jituh tege tempun arti ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Indonesia|Kutak Indonesia]] iete ''Pohon Kehidupan''.<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite web|last=Mirim|first=Sudiman|last2=|first2=|date=30 Juni 2018|access-date=14 Juni 2025|title=BATANG HARING (Sebuah Kajian Mitologi, Fungsi dan Makna)|url=https://ejournal.iahntp.ac.id/index.php/WK/article/view/313|journal=Widya Katambung|language=id|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.33363/wk.v9i1.313|issn=2089-6662}}</ref> == Tampunan bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] {{Wp/nij/Stub}} m5rkfl6fxdwksm8cdviwkqsgx67hi98 6686004 6686003 2025-06-14T06:08:01Z UluhKota 2601221 6686004 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/Sr|Akan [[Wp/nij/Tumbuhan|tumbuhan]], ture [[Wp/nij/Agave americana (metuh bakambang)|Agave americana (metuh bakambang)]]}} '''Batang Garing''' atawa '''Batang Haring''' iete simbul bara [[Wp/nij/''Agave americana'' (metuh hakambang)|pohon batang garing]] je manjari simbul [[Wp/nij/Kaharingan|agama Kaharingan]]. Simbul jituh tege tempun arti ah huang [[Wp/nij/Kutak Indonesia|Kutak Indonesia]] iete ''Pohon Kehidupan''.<ref>{{Wp/nij/Cite web|last=Mirim|first=Sudiman|last2=|first2=|date=30 Juni 2018|access-date=14 Juni 2025|title=BATANG HARING (Sebuah Kajian Mitologi, Fungsi dan Makna)|url=https://ejournal.iahntp.ac.id/index.php/WK/article/view/313|journal=Widya Katambung|language=id|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.33363/wk.v9i1.313|issn=2089-6662}}</ref> == Tampunan bara == {{Wp/nij/Reflist}} [[Category:Wp/nij]] {{Wp/nij/Stub}} 0mo77sm5dh3jhu3a1r2f8taj0778cnp 0 3608994 6685930 2025-06-14T05:24:47Z UluhKota 2601221 UluhKota moved page [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing 1.png]] to [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing]]: Tege menu "File" melai menu "Move page", "New title" tapi dia tau mindah ka hete puna bareh ih lo!?🤬😹 6685930 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing]] n1jbzbj0pkr9yjj58n5vbaxwt5zuov0 0 3608995 6685944 2025-06-14T05:37:49Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_A.svg|thumb|A [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''A''' o '''a''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet]]" 6685944 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_A.svg|thumb|A [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''A''' o '''a''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet]] cn5d498g27emr1r7s6coe9ttox2q3wn 6685951 6685944 2025-06-14T05:41:30Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9659]] 6685951 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_A.svg|thumb|A [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''A''' o '''a''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9659}} 8xxjxyth4gl91dofuaar03euxe0rs0r 6685973 6685951 2025-06-14T05:49:57Z Languages309 2594026 6685973 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_A.svg|thumb|A [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''A''' o '''a''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9659}} ljuft4tk6p3acnf8rcwshx6hf6zpij4 0 3608996 6685954 2025-06-14T05:44:04Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685954 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/apc/14 حزيران|14 حزيران]] 2f4xl4qa2p4hxb3x3fb9t3j2ybqulxt 1 3608997 6685955 2025-06-14T05:44:10Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/apc/DiscussionHeader}} <!-- مواضيع النقاش الجديدة تحت هاد السطر --> lpqvg4b21fnrigbs93v0i21p1gj44qw 10 3608998 6685957 2025-06-14T05:44:19Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685957 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/14 حزيران|14 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Maurice_of_the_Palatinate.jpg | caption = الأمير موريس | border = no | caption align = right }} p9ikwdyuaibo9458gn5k7uokyflxf1h 6685959 6685957 2025-06-14T05:44:42Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تعديل 6685959 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/14 حزيران|14 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Maurice_of_the_Palatinate.jpg | caption = الأمير موريس | border = no | caption align = right }} [[Wp/apc/1381|1381]] – خلال ثورة الفلاحين بإنكلترا، المتمرّدين اقتحمو برج لندن و قتلو سيمون سدبري، اللي كان مستشار الملك، و روبرت هيلز، اللي كان أمين الخزنة الأعلى (الإتنين مبينين بالصورة). [[Wp/apc/1644|1644]] – بالحرب الأهلية الإنكليزية الأولى: الأمير موريس ترك الحصار تبعو على لايم ريغيس بدورست، بعد ما سمع إنو في قوات دعم تابعة للبرلمان قربت. [[Wp/apc/1934|1934]] – البعثة الشرقية الأسترالية المميزة خلصت بعد جولة دبلوماسية استمرت تلات شهور بشرق و جنوب شرق آسيا. [[Wp/apc/2014|2014]] – بحرب دونباس: طيارة نقل من نوع إليوشن Il-76 تابعة لسلاح الجو الأوكراني، انضربت من قوات جمهورية لوغانسك الشعبية المعلنة من طرف واحد، و مات فيها كل الـ49 شخص اللي كانو عليها. k8zohgrq6zj0828zlvgeg6r9wc1zhrn 6685960 6685959 2025-06-14T05:45:09Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تعديل 6685960 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/14 حزيران|14 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Maurice_of_the_Palatinate.jpg | caption = الأمير موريس | border = no | caption align = right }} * [[Wp/apc/1381|1381]] – خلال ثورة الفلاحين بإنكلترا، المتمرّدين اقتحمو برج لندن و قتلو سيمون سدبري، اللي كان مستشار الملك، و روبرت هيلز، اللي كان أمين الخزنة الأعلى. * [[Wp/apc/1644|1644]] – بالحرب الأهلية الإنكليزية الأولى: الأمير موريس (بالصورة) ترك الحصار تبعو على لايم ريغيس بدورست، بعد ما سمع إنو في قوات دعم تابعة للبرلمان قربت. * [[Wp/apc/1934|1934]] – البعثة الشرقية الأسترالية المميزة خلصت بعد جولة دبلوماسية استمرت تلات شهور بشرق و جنوب شرق آسيا. * [[Wp/apc/2014|2014]] – بحرب دونباس: طيارة نقل من نوع إليوشن Il-76 تابعة لسلاح الجو الأوكراني، انضربت من قوات جمهورية لوغانسك الشعبية المعلنة من طرف واحد، و مات فيها كل الـ49 شخص اللي كانو عليها. 3elemo5zjgol6pach6d4gzedz1pc13m 6685961 6685960 2025-06-14T05:45:22Z HitomiAkane 2542203 تعديل 6685961 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/14 حزيران|14 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Maurice_of_the_Palatinate.jpg | caption = الأمير موريس | border = no | caption align = right }} * [[Wp/apc/1381|1381]] – خلال ثورة الفلاحين بإنكلترا، المتمرّدين اقتحمو برج لندن و قتلو سيمون سدبري، اللي كان مستشار الملك، و روبرت هيلز، اللي كان أمين الخزنة الأعلى. * [[Wp/apc/1644|1644]] – بالحرب الأهلية الإنكليزية الأولى: الأمير موريس (بالصورة) ترك الحصار تبعو على لايم ريغيس بدورست، بعد ما سمع إنو في قوات دعم تابعة للبرلمان قربت. * [[Wp/apc/1934|1934]] – البعثة الشرقية الأسترالية المميزة خلصت بعد جولة دبلوماسية استمرت تلات شهور بشرق و جنوب شرق آسيا. * [[Wp/apc/2014|2014]] – بحرب دونباس: طيارة نقل من نوع إليوشن Il-76 تابعة لسلاح الجو الأوكراني، انضربت من قوات جمهورية لوغانسك الشعبية المعلنة من طرف واحد، و مات فيها كل الـ49 شخص اللي كانو عليها. <noinclude> {{INTERWIKI|Q5677309}} [[Category:Wp/apc/مناسبات مختارة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] </noinclude> 4k7ouedbnntfq6snlvp9tsah73w4far 6685963 6685961 2025-06-14T05:45:37Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٤ حزيران]] to [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران]] 6685961 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>== [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/حزيران|حزيران]] ==</noinclude> {{#if: {{{1|}}} | '''[[Wp/apc/14 حزيران|14 حزيران]]''' }} {{Wp/apc/Main page image/OTD | image = Maurice_of_the_Palatinate.jpg | caption = الأمير موريس | border = no | caption align = right }} * [[Wp/apc/1381|1381]] – خلال ثورة الفلاحين بإنكلترا، المتمرّدين اقتحمو برج لندن و قتلو سيمون سدبري، اللي كان مستشار الملك، و روبرت هيلز، اللي كان أمين الخزنة الأعلى. * [[Wp/apc/1644|1644]] – بالحرب الأهلية الإنكليزية الأولى: الأمير موريس (بالصورة) ترك الحصار تبعو على لايم ريغيس بدورست، بعد ما سمع إنو في قوات دعم تابعة للبرلمان قربت. * [[Wp/apc/1934|1934]] – البعثة الشرقية الأسترالية المميزة خلصت بعد جولة دبلوماسية استمرت تلات شهور بشرق و جنوب شرق آسيا. * [[Wp/apc/2014|2014]] – بحرب دونباس: طيارة نقل من نوع إليوشن Il-76 تابعة لسلاح الجو الأوكراني، انضربت من قوات جمهورية لوغانسك الشعبية المعلنة من طرف واحد، و مات فيها كل الـ49 شخص اللي كانو عليها. <noinclude> {{INTERWIKI|Q5677309}} [[Category:Wp/apc/مناسبات مختارة]] [[Category:Wp/apc]] </noinclude> 4k7ouedbnntfq6snlvp9tsah73w4far 11 3608999 6685958 2025-06-14T05:44:23Z HitomiAkane 2542203 جديد 6685958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/apc/DiscussionHeader}} <!-- مواضيع النقاش الجديدة تحت هاد السطر --> lpqvg4b21fnrigbs93v0i21p1gj44qw 6685965 6685958 2025-06-14T05:45:37Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٤ حزيران]] to [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران]] 6685958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/apc/DiscussionHeader}} <!-- مواضيع النقاش الجديدة تحت هاد السطر --> lpqvg4b21fnrigbs93v0i21p1gj44qw 10 3609000 6685964 2025-06-14T05:45:37Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٤ حزيران]] to [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران]] 6685964 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران]] kk2r0xykjh37k1jwz0hfdcbew17d84n 11 3609001 6685966 2025-06-14T05:45:37Z HitomiAkane 2542203 HitomiAkane moved page [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/١٤ حزيران]] to [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران]] 6685966 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template talk:Wp/apc/OnThisDay/14 حزيران]] ny4qiamomypw04m9jnv1z0dxaitvvok 10 3609002 6685970 2025-06-14T05:48:30Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | style="text-align:center; background:#EEE;" |[[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | [[Wp/ho/A|A]]a [[Wp/ho/B|B]]b [[Wp/ho/C|C]]c [[Wp/ho/D|D]]d [[Wp/ho/E|E]]e [[Wp/ho/F|F]]f [[Wp/ho/G|G]]g [[Wp/ho/H|H]]h [[Wp/ho/I|I]]i [[Wp/ho/J|J]]j [[Wp/ho/K|K]]k [[Wp/ho/L|L]]l [[Wp/ho/M|M]]m [[Wp/ho/N|N]]n [[Wp/ho/O|O]]o [[Wp/ho/P|P]]p [[Wp/ho/Q|Q]]q [[Wp/ho/R|R]]r [[Wp/ho/S|S]]s [[Wp/ho/T|T]]t [[Wp/ho/U|U]]u..." 6685970 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | style="text-align:center; background:#EEE;" |[[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | [[Wp/ho/A|A]]a [[Wp/ho/B|B]]b [[Wp/ho/C|C]]c [[Wp/ho/D|D]]d [[Wp/ho/E|E]]e [[Wp/ho/F|F]]f [[Wp/ho/G|G]]g [[Wp/ho/H|H]]h [[Wp/ho/I|I]]i [[Wp/ho/J|J]]j [[Wp/ho/K|K]]k [[Wp/ho/L|L]]l [[Wp/ho/M|M]]m [[Wp/ho/N|N]]n [[Wp/ho/O|O]]o [[Wp/ho/P|P]]p [[Wp/ho/Q|Q]]q [[Wp/ho/R|R]]r [[Wp/ho/S|S]]s [[Wp/ho/T|T]]t [[Wp/ho/U|U]]u [[Wp/ho/V|V]]v [[Wp/ho/W|W]]w [[Wp/ho/X|X]]x [[Wp/ho/Y|Y]]y [[Wp/ho/Z|Z]]z |} <includeonly>[[Category:Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet]]</includeonly> hxxri39mm5553mfbmep5ajem1ov0xn1 0 3609003 6685974 2025-06-14T05:50:13Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_B.svg|thumb|B [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''B''' o '''b''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6685974 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_B.svg|thumb|B [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''B''' o '''b''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] c95us0v1s57a6zgo5eigrs2yhc9w4oa 6685976 6685974 2025-06-14T05:50:44Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9705]] 6685976 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_B.svg|thumb|B [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''B''' o '''b''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9705}} 7m869c0cezhxno7120lqlnhtt7c6kot 0 3609004 6685978 2025-06-14T05:51:59Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_C.svg|thumb|C [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''C''' o '''c''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6685978 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_C.svg|thumb|C [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''C''' o '''c''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] dhizorsnc7dbkvkfwwxnkkpxo4tjgml 6685981 6685978 2025-06-14T05:52:37Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9820]] 6685981 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_C.svg|thumb|C [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''C''' o '''c''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9820}} iawfqubxn6cirirvww0m9d54tmal449 0 3609005 6685979 2025-06-14T05:52:17Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_D.svg|thumb|D [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''D''' o '''d''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6685979 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_D.svg|thumb|D [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''D''' o '''d''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] mx24x7qj26b0x0zx3jgtp0hnr5z45gl 6685980 6685979 2025-06-14T05:52:24Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9884]] 6685980 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_D.svg|thumb|D [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''D''' o '''d''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9884}} nfri3kcoeey6rb0t20z727h4jvuf7uw 0 3609006 6685982 2025-06-14T05:55:51Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_E.svg|thumb|E [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''E''' o '''e''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6685982 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_E.svg|thumb|E [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''E''' o '''e''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] 5zz7bnn2ycrjtxurd9dh9f5f0it25h2 6685983 6685982 2025-06-14T05:56:03Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9907]] 6685983 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_E.svg|thumb|E [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''E''' o '''e''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9907}} 24zuqn8bpf0cbuesmrlnkaff9in6nsy 0 3609007 6685984 2025-06-14T05:56:24Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_F.svg|thumb|F [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''F''' o '''f''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6685984 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_F.svg|thumb|F [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''F''' o '''f''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] 3wis2isn9rik4dn7cfm5v85au9wso35 6685985 6685984 2025-06-14T05:56:34Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9765]] 6685985 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_F.svg|thumb|F [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''F''' o '''f''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9765}} e15xl372u95fv797abfyv1q20m6h8l1 0 3609008 6685987 2025-06-14T05:56:54Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_G.svg|thumb|G [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''G''' o '''g''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6685987 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_G.svg|thumb|G [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''G''' o '''g''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] 6wfztlh8ym18jsnd95de6pz11jt9z9o 6685988 6685987 2025-06-14T05:57:04Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9739]] 6685988 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_G.svg|thumb|G [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''G''' o '''g''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9739}} 5t64dfye743nx8q981k33m2syrch1d4 0 3609009 6685995 2025-06-14T06:01:32Z UluhKota 2601221 UluhKota moved page [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing]] to [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing (simbul)]] 6685995 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/nij/Batang Garing (simbul)]] gj6ts9vpsg7g16fywj6agsrh6e0sgoa 0 3609010 6685997 2025-06-14T06:04:21Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_H.svg|thumb|H [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''H''' o '''h''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6685997 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_H.svg|thumb|H [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''H''' o '''h''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] pj8j8owr84tntdqj6oxcs9tmuz6owha 6685998 6685997 2025-06-14T06:04:32Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9914]] 6685998 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_H.svg|thumb|H [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''H''' o '''h''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9914}} 18stqsd3ozx9ggveu1jw2n2vz03u5n6 0 3609011 6686000 2025-06-14T06:04:57Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_I.svg|thumb|I [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''I''' o '''i''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686000 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_I.svg|thumb|I [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''I''' o '''i''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] 08snpwy5n16dagmfnf5b4sft9of5tlw 6686001 6686000 2025-06-14T06:05:09Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9893]] 6686001 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_I.svg|thumb|I [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''I''' o '''i''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9893}} 8q1jl3b4tq4pyuwkbv7v9g4w79psccl 0 3609012 6686008 2025-06-14T06:11:52Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_J.svg|thumb|J [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''J''' o '''j''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686008 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_J.svg|thumb|J [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''J''' o '''j''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] mvrjbtftea954y8vvwr9d4v92ut1yfs 6686013 6686008 2025-06-14T06:12:03Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9773]] 6686013 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_J.svg|thumb|J [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''J''' o '''j''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9773}} p7kujuhs2fup2sq8e430j5d6xab3uhv 0 3609013 6686021 2025-06-14T06:12:29Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_K.svg|thumb|K [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''K''' o '''k''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686021 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_K.svg|thumb|K [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''K''' o '''k''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] fm5u9lppoey77rk9cog1gdyx8fwjm71 6686031 6686021 2025-06-14T06:12:53Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9922]] 6686031 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_K.svg|thumb|K [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''K''' o '''k''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9922}} 1suihalf2s0afqbr80a8m4utrp1t43z 0 3609014 6686032 2025-06-14T06:13:20Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_L.svg|thumb|L [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''L''' o '''l''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686032 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_L.svg|thumb|L [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''L''' o '''l''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] dj3z0jwsglo05ls9npvpoiak9m4negw 6686037 6686032 2025-06-14T06:14:44Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9927]] 6686037 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_L.svg|thumb|L [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''L''' o '''l''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9927}} pcnjo04tcw6k7yrsw7lvjgs8qwfketn 0 3609015 6686033 2025-06-14T06:13:40Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_M.svg|thumb|M [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''M''' o '''m''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686033 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_M.svg|thumb|M [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''M''' o '''m''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] cos8of7rjk0h074k08sz0idnptsu7mh 6686036 6686033 2025-06-14T06:14:31Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9933]] 6686036 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_M.svg|thumb|M [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''M''' o '''m''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9933}} 5969faa8fz0comuwg8omfi2avs4sfdb 0 3609016 6686034 2025-06-14T06:14:03Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_N.svg|thumb|N [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''N''' o '''n''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686034 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_N.svg|thumb|N [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''N''' o '''n''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] 3p3qgfwk8kw01qx52y0adfhl7c8723s 6686035 6686034 2025-06-14T06:14:12Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9937]] 6686035 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_N.svg|thumb|N [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''N''' o '''n''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9937}} 6zw0a51qzj097garqwpn2bv10lgx4nq 0 3609017 6686038 2025-06-14T06:15:09Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_O.svg|thumb|O [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''O''' o '''o''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686038 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_O.svg|thumb|O [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''O''' o '''o''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] qxu9pf1sc723gei66prcq4loegv1b93 6686039 6686038 2025-06-14T06:15:20Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9941]] 6686039 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_O.svg|thumb|O [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''O''' o '''o''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9941}} ip8w98mhvtr97sz7h33yhv5u3jwi2o5 0 3609018 6686041 2025-06-14T06:15:40Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_P.svg|thumb|P [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''P''' o '''p''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686041 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_P.svg|thumb|P [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''P''' o '''p''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] 9qznr03fek6s37qmd0jh4k6kcjnivqp 6686042 6686041 2025-06-14T06:15:51Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9946]] 6686042 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_P.svg|thumb|P [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''P''' o '''p''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9946}} iqrdla2xri4hv8s3p277ak3a5wzcbbz 10 3609019 6686044 2025-06-14T06:19:28Z UluhKota 2601221 Created page with "{{Wp/nij/asbox | image = No image.svg | pix = 1 | subject = umum | article = | qualifier = | category = Rintisan umum {{#time: F | {{REVISIONTIMESTAMP}} }} {{#time: Y | {{REVISIONTIMESTAMP}} }} | tempsort = no | lowercase = y | name = Templat:Stub | note = }}<noinclude> [[Category:Templat rintisan|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude>" 6686044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/asbox | image = No image.svg | pix = 1 | subject = umum | article = | qualifier = | category = Rintisan umum {{#time: F | {{REVISIONTIMESTAMP}} }} {{#time: Y | {{REVISIONTIMESTAMP}} }} | tempsort = no | lowercase = y | name = Templat:Stub | note = }}<noinclude> [[Category:Templat rintisan|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> 3un2mp9yj1epkwd9rnbwngeht5yftz6 6686048 6686044 2025-06-14T06:21:11Z UluhKota 2601221 6686048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nij/asbox | image = No image.svg | pix = 1 | subject = umum | article = | qualifier = | category = Rintisan umum {{#time: F | {{REVISIONTIMESTAMP}} }} {{#time: Y | {{REVISIONTIMESTAMP}} }} | tempsort = no | lowercase = y | name = Templat:Stub | note = }}<noinclude> [[Category:Templat rintisan|{{PAGENAME}}]] {{wp/nij/dokumentasi}} </noinclude> 9nd3urgnp27ztk5lsx6seyqdra3pp59 10 3609020 6686046 2025-06-14T06:20:02Z UluhKota 2601221 Redirected page to [[Template:Wp/nij/Asbox]] 6686046 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect[[Template:Wp/nij/Asbox]] 5y1cu1zr2b10zqn8rsf8wma2n0bodkl 6686049 6686046 2025-06-14T06:22:07Z UluhKota 2601221 6686049 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Wp/nij/Asbox]] 8yqv0z9aul1df23x8ng7kqrxu83eqfw 0 3609021 6686050 2025-06-14T06:24:34Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_Q.svg|thumb|Q [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Q''' o '''q''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686050 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_Q.svg|thumb|Q [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Q''' o '''q''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] j12ygzsfm9694is2t66e1on04tagv5x 6686051 6686050 2025-06-14T06:24:51Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9950]] 6686051 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_Q.svg|thumb|Q [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Q''' o '''q''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9950}} 7zwqmncr8plmbb8w2rov9hx3dhb4uf6 0 3609022 6686052 2025-06-14T06:25:18Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_R.svg|thumb|R [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''R''' o '''r''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686052 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_R.svg|thumb|R [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''R''' o '''r''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] 5a5tc9yuv9mt1f64ap62y5lqbspi5sz 6686053 6686052 2025-06-14T06:25:30Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9852]] 6686053 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_R.svg|thumb|R [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''R''' o '''r''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9852}} gisbape17vaqtib8re9t0pw5f74tqip 0 3609023 6686054 2025-06-14T06:25:57Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_S.svg|thumb|S [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''S''' o '''s''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686054 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_S.svg|thumb|S [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''S''' o '''s''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] tjx6ygufuzfnykh0qe32bj9ijo785pv 6686055 6686054 2025-06-14T06:26:09Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9956]] 6686055 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_S.svg|thumb|S [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''S''' o '''s''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9956}} trw4h2javfgg5amc6njtkw3wq9ry05r 0 3609024 6686056 2025-06-14T06:26:39Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_T.svg|thumb|T [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''T''' o '''t''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686056 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_T.svg|thumb|T [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''T''' o '''t''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] hn1jbnm4u7y4wryur0qoti9v0t48bvi 6686057 6686056 2025-06-14T06:26:54Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9813]] 6686057 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_T.svg|thumb|T [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''T''' o '''t''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9813}} prd4n6so1a21mljmrmo5cbqd6ifnid3 0 3609025 6686058 2025-06-14T06:27:35Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_U.svg|thumb|U [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''U''' o '''u''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686058 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_U.svg|thumb|U [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''U''' o '''u''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] bue0eujggh6xfxgdt8jqgu5gormc13j 6686059 6686058 2025-06-14T06:27:59Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9747]] 6686059 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_U.svg|thumb|U [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''U''' o '''u''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9747}} 3wustiuqj3ae0wzpckem9a22zmfr7m4 0 3609026 6686060 2025-06-14T06:28:24Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_V.svg|thumb|V [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''V''' o '''v''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686060 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_V.svg|thumb|V [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''V''' o '''v''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] ebmeiu06wc1i3a2s9ftc2uo1c85zo2x 6686061 6686060 2025-06-14T06:28:37Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9963]] 6686061 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_V.svg|thumb|V [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''V''' o '''v''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9963}} 68rjynswx377rjrv0m3qm5lh234ikgc 0 3609027 6686062 2025-06-14T06:29:04Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_W.svg|thumb|W [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''W''' o '''w''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686062 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_W.svg|thumb|W [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''W''' o '''w''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] p36cskclj34l2in7m71tiirbt4r66p8 6686068 6686062 2025-06-14T06:30:43Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9964]] 6686068 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_W.svg|thumb|W [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''W''' o '''w''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9964}} ai9dyffy0h3qcedl46p6afew5phjq1p 0 3609028 6686063 2025-06-14T06:29:26Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_X.svg|thumb|X [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''X''' o '''x''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686063 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_X.svg|thumb|X [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''X''' o '''x''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] t83p2s1dryvc2pahn16srf2wilh5yct 6686067 6686063 2025-06-14T06:30:25Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9968]] 6686067 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_X.svg|thumb|X [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''X''' o '''x''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9968}} psc6ny7i824r25l0ip1qyh20rn3up88 0 3609029 6686064 2025-06-14T06:29:50Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_Y.svg|thumb|Y [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Y''' o '''y''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686064 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_Y.svg|thumb|Y [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Y''' o '''y''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] chkkl8zcyr4osllvo2rjievcg9kav9u 6686065 6686064 2025-06-14T06:30:07Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9973]] 6686065 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_Y.svg|thumb|Y [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Y''' o '''y''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9973}} fsfmaq0zfa8qpo7t2ecumuykh9nn19h 0 3609030 6686069 2025-06-14T06:31:13Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_letter_Z.svg|thumb|Z [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Z''' o '''z''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686069 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_Z.svg|thumb|Z [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Z''' o '''z''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] meb4i69hu9pos965sw6tpo5cmv02lp9 6686070 6686069 2025-06-14T06:31:30Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q9751]] 6686070 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_letter_Z.svg|thumb|Z [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Z''' o '''z''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q9751}} 50cdljpmohv7r496mq3p6230n5e9s7w 3 3609031 6686071 2025-06-14T06:32:01Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686071 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 06:32, 14 June 2025 (UTC) swli4nlgs2zgyqdnqqnpv4t2fmaf450 0 3609032 6686074 2025-06-14T06:38:55Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Latin_alphabet.svg|thumb|Leta [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Latin Alfabet''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] oreana, ia [[Wp/ho/Latin herevana|Latin herevana]] be iusilaia momokani, to ia [[Wp/ho/Inglis herevana|Inglis herevana]], [[Wp/ho/Spain herevana|Spain herevana]], [[Wp/ho/France herevana|France herevana]], bona momo be iusilaia harihari. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]]" 6686074 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Latin_alphabet.svg|thumb|Leta [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Latin Alfabet''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] oreana, ia [[Wp/ho/Latin herevana|Latin herevana]] be iusilaia momokani, to ia [[Wp/ho/Inglis herevana|Inglis herevana]], [[Wp/ho/Spain herevana|Spain herevana]], [[Wp/ho/France herevana|France herevana]], bona momo be iusilaia harihari. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] tkik7zu5f7er2by059lqvcwamez5gew 6686075 6686074 2025-06-14T06:40:18Z Languages309 2594026 6686075 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Abecedarium.svg|thumb|Leta [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Latin Alfabet''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] oreana, ia [[Wp/ho/Latin herevana|Latin herevana]] be iusilaia momokani, to ia [[Wp/ho/Inglis herevana|Inglis herevana]], [[Wp/ho/Spain herevana|Spain herevana]], [[Wp/ho/France herevana|France herevana]], bona momo be iusilaia harihari. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] tc5pzm7088n9h3837xmvlig9l3uqp22 6686076 6686075 2025-06-14T06:40:53Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q41670]] 6686076 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Abecedarium.svg|thumb|Leta [[Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet|Latin Alfabet]]ai]] '''Latin Alfabet''' be [[Wp/ho/Leta|leta]] oreana, ia [[Wp/ho/Latin herevana|Latin herevana]] be iusilaia momokani, to ia [[Wp/ho/Inglis herevana|Inglis herevana]], [[Wp/ho/Spain herevana|Spain herevana]], [[Wp/ho/France herevana|France herevana]], bona momo be iusilaia harihari. {{Wp/ho/Latin Alfabet}} {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] {{INTERWIKI|Q41670}} loi16jixtpo91btaz6kefcdosve8xwq 3 3609033 6686078 2025-06-14T06:51:50Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686078 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 06:51, 14 June 2025 (UTC) 3chyntkhnvrjy7w9uhcfypu3jf6sfkh 3 3609034 6686079 2025-06-14T06:56:59Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686079 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 06:56, 14 June 2025 (UTC) fzjbyzvwzhn7et73th5j7dae8wvdhk8 3 3609035 6686080 2025-06-14T06:57:27Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686080 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 06:57, 14 June 2025 (UTC) gwbqiz4p7zyls0g9dugd818cqq5aybi 3 3609036 6686082 2025-06-14T07:01:35Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686082 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 07:01, 14 June 2025 (UTC) 5ds80ulia27dpoehmbqlsmr4rr5v8i0 0 3609037 6686087 2025-06-14T07:19:29Z Pazeh cykuo 2607267 Created page with " ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka xalam. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 韭菜 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * Chinese chives ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9F%AD%E8%8F%9C 韭菜] [[Category:Wt/pzh]]" 6686087 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka xalam. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 韭菜 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * Chinese chives ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9F%AD%E8%8F%9C 韭菜] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] fogtq3pa4sntv1ckmgfwcsuoq3k5wg0 6686088 6686087 2025-06-14T07:22:45Z Pazeh cykuo 2607267 6686088 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Garlic chives Meadowbrook Park.jpg|thumb|xalam]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka xalam. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 韭菜 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * Chinese chives ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9F%AD%E8%8F%9C 韭菜] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] b2j3ft3oxc5npew4ccbgp8youhsm0v5 6686090 6686088 2025-06-14T07:25:43Z Pazeh cykuo 2607267 6686090 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Garlic chives Meadowbrook Park.jpg|thumb|xalam]] [[File:Allium tuberosum, 2021-09-05, Beechview, 01.jpg|thumb]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka xalam. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 韭菜 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * Chinese chives ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9F%AD%E8%8F%9C 韭菜] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] kyw27h32ujgqkuzydsznmlg2gbz7ci1 6686093 6686090 2025-06-14T07:40:55Z Pazeh cykuo 2607267 6686093 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Garlic chives Meadowbrook Park.jpg|thumb|xalam]] [[File:Xalam.jpg|thumb|韭菜又稱韮菜]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka xalam. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 韭菜 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * Chinese chives ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9F%AD%E8%8F%9C 韭菜] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] p75fw2ui7kb0bgjapyakj9jtlzmlpxa 6686094 6686093 2025-06-14T07:41:43Z Pazeh cykuo 2607267 6686094 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Xalam.jpg|thumb|xalam]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka xalam. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 韭菜 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * Chinese chives ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9F%AD%E8%8F%9C 韭菜] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] 46ecu5nqxunn3xshk6epexswn7vt4rm 0 3609038 6686091 2025-06-14T07:37:28Z Corn kuo 2605681 Created page with " [[Category:Wt/pzh]]" 6686091 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wt/pzh]] bxwzmcpdzmhtftsqf1kkjtobin1bmj0 6686099 6686091 2025-06-14T07:52:13Z Corn kuo 2605681 6686099 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Мышь 2.jpg|thumb|adus / 老鼠]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka adus. * mikita ezet ka mangesen sen takayah iu adus. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== *老鼠 ===rahal u saw karunu=== *mouse ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/mouse mouse] * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E9%BC%A0 家鼠] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] phjvjk7lqr068o8w4vibt5ourmhnpzi 0 3609039 6686092 2025-06-14T07:40:46Z PanRebecca 2607266 Created page with " ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka lapet. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 稻草 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * straw,dry hay,hay of rice-plant ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%BB%E8%8D%89&oldid=9020074 稻草] [[Category:Wt/pzh]]" 6686092 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka lapet. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 稻草 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * straw,dry hay,hay of rice-plant ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%BB%E8%8D%89&oldid=9020074 稻草] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] febaoackfmz7440avio31509peeez4p 6686097 6686092 2025-06-14T07:49:40Z PanRebecca 2607266 6686097 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Straw of the rice.08Oct9.jpg|Straw of the rice.08Oct9]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka lapet. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 稻草 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * straw,dry hay,hay of rice-plant ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%BB%E8%8D%89&oldid=9020074 稻草] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] meeyirf9yb0gw4nhglk6tsna9zal7fc 6686101 6686097 2025-06-14T07:54:35Z PanRebecca 2607266 /* rahal u saw karunu */ 6686101 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Straw of the rice.08Oct9.jpg|Straw of the rice.08Oct9]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka lapet. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 稻草 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * straw * dry hay * hay of rice-plant ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%BB%E8%8D%89&oldid=9020074 稻草] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] owsa1jdtu10fkd61i2vhc6ibbr0pyvs 6686102 6686101 2025-06-14T07:56:41Z PanRebecca 2607266 6686102 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Straw_of_the_rice.08Oct9.jpg|alt=Straw of the rice.08Oct9|thumb|lapet]] ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka lapet. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== * 稻草 ===rahal u saw karunu=== * straw * dry hay * hay of rice-plant ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%BB%E8%8D%89&oldid=9020074 稻草] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] 5dfgko6949ej7iu95uuwexp8pnpptgt 0 3609040 6686095 2025-06-14T07:46:06Z PamRobert 2607264 Created page with " ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka '''rakihan'''. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== *小孩 ===rahal u saw karunu=== *child ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/child child] * [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/child child] [[Category:Wt/pzh]]" 6686095 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Pazeh== ===例句 === * imini ka '''rakihan'''. ===ada buxoan a rahal=== *小孩 ===rahal u saw karunu=== *child ===參考來源 === * 李壬癸 、土田滋，巴宰語詞典 * [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/child child] * [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/child child] [[Category:Wt/pzh]] ovvm1racjkilhrr8flddx1rzwjcxr5y 3 3609041 6686105 2025-06-14T08:33:36Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686105 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 08:33, 14 June 2025 (UTC) hlnlgszricvw30xjv9ypjp188cpm6he 3 3609042 6686106 2025-06-14T08:33:39Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686106 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 08:33, 14 June 2025 (UTC) hlnlgszricvw30xjv9ypjp188cpm6he 2 3609043 6686107 2025-06-14T08:35:01Z Girdhardasandsons 2607269 Created page with " '''India’s Best Kitchen Store – Girdhar Das & Sons''' Elevate your cooking experience with premium kitchenware. [https://www.gdsons.co.in/ Girdhar Das & Sons] has been the go-to destination for high-quality kitchenware. From stylish cookware to durable utensils, we offer everything to make cooking a joy. Trusted for authenticity and excellence, we bring you the finest products for your home. Visit us and experience the best in kitchen essentials! Contact: ===== 8..." 6686107 wikitext text/x-wiki '''India’s Best Kitchen Store – Girdhar Das & Sons''' Elevate your cooking experience with premium kitchenware. [https://www.gdsons.co.in/ Girdhar Das & Sons] has been the go-to destination for high-quality kitchenware. From stylish cookware to durable utensils, we offer everything to make cooking a joy. Trusted for authenticity and excellence, we bring you the finest products for your home. Visit us and experience the best in kitchen essentials! Contact: ===== 83188 94257 ===== ji8lzfnrh9bb3ga2io9af4wa20sht6y 3 3609044 6686113 2025-06-14T08:42:56Z Hide on Rosé 2581447 Hide on Rosé moved page [[User talk:Noeruchangd]] to [[User talk:Noeruchan]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Noeruchangd|Noeruchangd]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Noeruchan|Noeruchan]]" 6686113 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:Noeruchan]] 6d45x2i3k4wlduinms2e0f7krw2shf5 0 3609045 6686116 2025-06-14T09:01:23Z 122.255.227.243 Created page with "トゥヴァ共和国ぬ国歌ー、ロシア連邦トゥヴァ共和国ぬ国歌っし、2011年はちぐゎち11日に制定さりやびたん。 [[Category:Wp/ryu]]" 6686116 wikitext text/x-wiki トゥヴァ共和国ぬ国歌ー、ロシア連邦トゥヴァ共和国ぬ国歌っし、2011年はちぐゎち11日に制定さりやびたん。 [[Category:Wp/ryu]] rwm8xbxac8z4y5si3uky6txtwykv5hb 6686118 6686116 2025-06-14T09:05:09Z 122.255.227.243 6686118 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mentyvamenvocal.ogg|thumb|ちちゅん]] '''トゥヴァ共和国ぬ国歌'''ー、[[ロシア連邦]][[トゥヴァ共和国]]ぬ国歌っし、2011年はちぐゎち11日に制定さりやびたん。 == 歌詞 == Арт–арттың оваазынга Дажын салып чалбарган Таңды, Саян ыдыынга Агын өргээн тыва мен. <small>'''Кожумаа:'''</small> Мен – тыва мен, Мөңге харлыг дагның оглу мен. Мен – тыва мен, Мөңгүн суглуг чурттуң төлү мен. Өгбелерим чуртунда Өлчей тарып иженген, Өткүт хөөмей ырынга Өөрүп талаан тыва мен. <small>'''Кожумаа:'''</small> Аймак чоннар бүлези Акы–дуңма найыралдыг, Депшилгеже чүткүлдүг Демниг чурттуг тыва мен. <small>'''Кожумаа:'''</small> [[Category:Wp/ryu]] j76fbjoi7spi6hh4lmotm0fyw9icgmh 6686121 6686118 2025-06-14T09:17:13Z 122.255.227.243 6686121 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mentyvamenvocal.ogg|thumb|ちちゅん]] '''トゥヴァ共和国ぬ国歌'''ー、[[ロシア連邦]][[トゥヴァ共和国]]ぬ国歌っし、2011年はちぐゎち11日に制定さりやびたん。 == 歌詞 == Арт–арттың оваазынга Дажын салып чалбарган Таңды, Саян ыдыынга Агын өргээн тыва мен. <small>'''Кожумаа:'''</small> Мен – тыва мен, Мөңге харлыг дагның оглу мен. Мен – тыва мен, Мөңгүн суглуг чурттуң төлү мен. Өгбелерим чуртунда Өлчей тарып иженген, Өткүт хөөмей ырынга Өөрүп талаан тыва мен. <small>'''Кожумаа:'''</small> Аймак чоннар бүлези Акы–дуңма найыралдыг, Депшилгеже чүткүлдүг Демниг чурттуг тыва мен. <small>'''Кожумаа:'''</small> [[Category:Wp/ryu]] osaaskz976dxgmcxrvlr6e4f23j3kq7 3 3609046 6686123 2025-06-14T09:20:53Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 6686123 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 09:20, 14 June 2025 (UTC) lks0mho1z8ptewr2pvezjpmund75yhk 0 3609047 6686130 2025-06-14T09:40:08Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:Coffee in white cup.jpg|thumb|Kopi]] '''Kopi''' be [[Wp/ho/Inua|inua]], [[Wp/ho/Kopi au huahua|kopi au huahua]] gabuana amo. Ia be vara gauna ([[Wp/ho/Coffea|Coffea]]) danu. Kopi vara gauna, do idai tubua 10 mita mai lata, to lata lasi momo. Kopi vara gauna, vada idia matamata tanona be [[Wp/ho/Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] ai, bona idia ese tanoai momo tubua danu harihari. Idia be vara gauna baduna tano edia moni badana momo totona. [[Category:Wp/ho/Kopi]] Category:Wp/..." 6686130 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Coffee in white cup.jpg|thumb|Kopi]] '''Kopi''' be [[Wp/ho/Inua|inua]], [[Wp/ho/Kopi au huahua|kopi au huahua]] gabuana amo. Ia be vara gauna ([[Wp/ho/Coffea|Coffea]]) danu. Kopi vara gauna, do idai tubua 10 mita mai lata, to lata lasi momo. Kopi vara gauna, vada idia matamata tanona be [[Wp/ho/Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] ai, bona idia ese tanoai momo tubua danu harihari. Idia be vara gauna baduna tano edia moni badana momo totona. [[Category:Wp/ho/Kopi]] [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Inua]] bev342n74t05mz65eh8f6hoypq22c2r 6686131 6686130 2025-06-14T09:40:21Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q8486]] 6686131 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Coffee in white cup.jpg|thumb|Kopi]] '''Kopi''' be [[Wp/ho/Inua|inua]], [[Wp/ho/Kopi au huahua|kopi au huahua]] gabuana amo. Ia be vara gauna ([[Wp/ho/Coffea|Coffea]]) danu. Kopi vara gauna, do idai tubua 10 mita mai lata, to lata lasi momo. Kopi vara gauna, vada idia matamata tanona be [[Wp/ho/Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] ai, bona idia ese tanoai momo tubua danu harihari. Idia be vara gauna baduna tano edia moni badana momo totona. [[Category:Wp/ho/Kopi]] [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Inua]] {{INTERWIKI|Q8486}} ado4vu4onr2ob61s6c7q43002mby0zg 0 3609048 6686133 2025-06-14T09:48:00Z Languages309 2594026 Created page with "[[File:A man drinking palm water.jpeg|thumb|Tau ese [[Wp/ho/Ranu|ranu]] inau]] '''Inua''' be [[Wp/ho/Ranu bamona|ranu bamona]] unai do [[Wp/ho/Mauri|mauri]] ese ia sibonai kokia, ia ese ena uduna iusilaia amo. {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Inua]]" 6686133 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:A man drinking palm water.jpeg|thumb|Tau ese [[Wp/ho/Ranu|ranu]] inau]] '''Inua''' be [[Wp/ho/Ranu bamona|ranu bamona]] unai do [[Wp/ho/Mauri|mauri]] ese ia sibonai kokia, ia ese ena uduna iusilaia amo. {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Inua]] qyh050ay4g7vm9kd11obm0j0ur3fb6l 6686134 6686133 2025-06-14T09:48:12Z Languages309 2594026 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q40050]] 6686134 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:A man drinking palm water.jpeg|thumb|Tau ese [[Wp/ho/Ranu|ranu]] inau]] '''Inua''' be [[Wp/ho/Ranu bamona|ranu bamona]] unai do [[Wp/ho/Mauri|mauri]] ese ia sibonai kokia, ia ese ena uduna iusilaia amo. {{Wp/ho/Stub}} [[Category:Wp/ho]] [[Category:Wp/ho/Inua]] {{INTERWIKI|Q40050}} 6m6of1zamoo2gzwxhzwc0icgcdjf4d9 0 3609049 6686136 2025-06-14T09:53:29Z БазЛайтер 2606015 Created page with "ساقطْري (Sāqaṭri) [[File:Paradise Socotra.jpg|thumb]] [[Category:Wp/sqt]]" 6686136 wikitext text/x-wiki ساقطْري (Sāqaṭri) [[File:Paradise Socotra.jpg|thumb]] [[Category:Wp/sqt]] lq5goaw3u4eynahulvhjxogdnynekh2 6686139 6686136 2025-06-14T10:01:38Z БазЛайтер 2606015 6686139 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Socotra island map from above.jpg|thumb]] ساقطْري (Sāqaṭri) [[File:Paradise Socotra.jpg|thumb]] [[Category:Wp/sqt]] o6j6mhwoki2tuqpti8fg82p411or1go 1198 3609050 6686137 2025-06-14T09:59:50Z 5.90.104.222 Created page with "." 6686137 wikitext text/x-wiki . 6t9fg2gmch401ldtk8m7pyzz632ixbb 0 3609051 6686140 2025-06-14T10:22:45Z Mirlim 2598865 Created page with "[[File:Conferenceroom2.JPG|thumb|Bilik mesorak]] '''Mesorak''' ({{Wp/mfa/Langx|ms|mesyuarat}}) ni so betók komunikasi nyo buwak dale so puwok nok bbice bendo, buléh jadi pasa nok buwak keputuse, kkaro pokók ata nok slesa masaaloh.<ref>{{Wp/mfa/Cite thesis |last1=Juhari |first1=A. |last2= |first2= |date=Bule Sbelah 2015 |title= Lakuan Pertuturan Dalam Mesyuarat Pengurusan |url=http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57831/1/FBMK%202015%2038RR.pdf |journal= |volume= |issue=..." 6686140 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Conferenceroom2.JPG|thumb|Bilik mesorak]] '''Mesorak''' ({{Wp/mfa/Langx|ms|mesyuarat}}) ni so betók komunikasi nyo buwak dale so puwok nok bbice bendo, buléh jadi pasa nok buwak keputuse, kkaro pokók ata nok slesa masaaloh.<ref>{{Wp/mfa/Cite thesis |last1=Juhari |first1=A. |last2= |first2= |date=Bule Sbelah 2015 |title= Lakuan Pertuturan Dalam Mesyuarat Pengurusan |url=http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57831/1/FBMK%202015%2038RR.pdf |journal= |volume= |issue= |publisher=Universiti Putra Malaysia |pages= |doi= |access-date=}}</ref> Mesorak skalo dale betók rasmi, tapi buléh jah nok buwak jenih ggano póng, mace mesorak atah taliye ({{Wp/mfa/Lang|en|online}}). Mesorak keno ado duwo ore ata lebéh kih nok buléh kato spakak dari banyok pehok. ==Rujukke== {{Wp/mfa/Reflist}} {{INTERWIKI|Q2761147}} [[Category:Wp/mfa]] 8d0wwfrbv5kjt0mymksxj19llcfgnvk 0 3609052 6686142 2025-06-14T10:49:18Z Jon Gua 2593212 Created page with "'''Сократ''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Σωκράτης}}; 469 б. э. и., Афиннар — 399 б. э. и., Афиннар) — былыргы гириэк философа. Гини үөрэгэ былыргы гириэк философиятын «сократ иннитэ» уонна «сократ кэннитэ» периодтарга араарыллыбыта. Гини иннинээги философтар үксүн космос уонна туок бар..." 6686142 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Сократ''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Σωκράτης}}; 469 б. э. и., Афиннар — 399 б. э. и., Афиннар) — былыргы гириэк философа. Гини үөрэгэ былыргы гириэк философиятын «сократ иннитэ» уонна «сократ кэннитэ» периодтарга араарыллыбыта. Гини иннинээги философтар үксүн космос уонна туок барыта үөскээбитин үөрэтэр этилэр, онтон Сократ киһи иһинээги дойдутун үөрэппитэ. Сократы кытта элбэк парадокстар һибээстээктэр. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] dq4e47uvkk728cr57l5qo82k9dqd2n8 6686148 6686142 2025-06-14T10:52:58Z Jon Gua 2593212 6686148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Сократ |Ойуу = Socrate du Louvre.jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 469 б. э. и. |Өлбүт күнэ = 399 б. э. и. |Киһи үлэтэ = }} '''Сократ''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Σωκράτης}}; 469 б. э. и., Афиннар — 399 б. э. и., Афиннар) — былыргы гириэк философа. Гини үөрэгэ былыргы гириэк философиятын «сократ иннитэ» уонна «сократ кэннитэ» периодтарга араарыллыбыта. Гини иннинээги философтар үксүн космос уонна туок барыта үөскээбитин үөрэтэр этилэр, онтон Сократ киһи иһинээги дойдутун үөрэппитэ. Сократы кытта элбэк парадокстар һибээстээктэр. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] c2qobs3wbulvhkvvjlq4vzpru235m9s 6686149 6686148 2025-06-14T10:53:10Z Jon Gua 2593212 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q913]] 6686149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Сократ |Ойуу = Socrate du Louvre.jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 469 б. э. и. |Өлбүт күнэ = 399 б. э. и. |Киһи үлэтэ = }} '''Сократ''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Σωκράτης}}; 469 б. э. и., Афиннар — 399 б. э. и., Афиннар) — былыргы гириэк философа. Гини үөрэгэ былыргы гириэк философиятын «сократ иннитэ» уонна «сократ кэннитэ» периодтарга араарыллыбыта. Гини иннинээги философтар үксүн космос уонна туок барыта үөскээбитин үөрэтэр этилэр, онтон Сократ киһи иһинээги дойдутун үөрэппитэ. Сократы кытта элбэк парадокстар һибээстээктэр. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] {{INTERWIKI|Q913}} nw6nbjwcwu4ffli9rul245574rxm9yx 0 3609053 6686143 2025-06-14T10:49:40Z Jon Gua 2593212 Created page with "'''Аристотель''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Ἀριστοτέλης}}; 384 б. э. и. — 322 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, «универсальнай киһи» колобура. [[Category:Wp/dlg]]" 6686143 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Аристотель''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Ἀριστοτέλης}}; 384 б. э. и. — 322 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, «универсальнай киһи» колобура. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] oa1nlfhf0lm24626a70f0dr9x1fe6we 6686152 6686143 2025-06-14T10:53:59Z Jon Gua 2593212 6686152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Аристотель |Ойуу = Aristotle Altemps Inv8575.jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 384 б. э. и. |Өлбүт күнэ = 322 б. э. и. |Киһи үлэтэ = }} '''Аристотель''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Ἀριστοτέλης}}; 384 б. э. и. — 322 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, «универсальнай киһи» колобура. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] kcbefg7zwl4d4kqy4n6ru40dkaob5qm 6686153 6686152 2025-06-14T10:54:08Z Jon Gua 2593212 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q868]] 6686153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Аристотель |Ойуу = Aristotle Altemps Inv8575.jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 384 б. э. и. |Өлбүт күнэ = 322 б. э. и. |Киһи үлэтэ = }} '''Аристотель''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Ἀριστοτέλης}}; 384 б. э. и. — 322 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, «универсальнай киһи» колобура. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] {{INTERWIKI|Q868}} 2j3lap0irl61wffa6u6yj5ro5uxrvod 0 3609054 6686144 2025-06-14T10:49:58Z Jon Gua 2593212 Created page with "'''Платон''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Πλάτων}}; 428/427 б. э. и. эбэтэр 424/423 б. э. и. — 348/347 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, платоническэй һанаа ускуолатын уонна академиятын, һаапат маӈнайгы үрдүк таһымнаак ускуола тэрийээччитэ. [[Category:Wp/dlg]]" 6686144 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Платон''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Πλάτων}}; 428/427 б. э. и. эбэтэр 424/423 б. э. и. — 348/347 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, платоническэй һанаа ускуолатын уонна академиятын, һаапат маӈнайгы үрдүк таһымнаак ускуола тэрийээччитэ. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] 9400lyugeciwwldlxsk7820jg6hvm98 6686150 6686144 2025-06-14T10:53:26Z Jon Gua 2593212 6686150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Платон |Ойуу = Plato_Silanion_Musei_Capitolini_MC1377.jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 428/427 б. э. и. |Өлбүт күнэ = 348/347 б. э. и. |Киһи үлэтэ = }} '''Платон''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Πλάτων}}; 428/427 б. э. и. эбэтэр 424/423 б. э. и. — 348/347 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, платоническэй һанаа ускуолатын уонна академиятын, һаапат маӈнайгы үрдүк таһымнаак ускуола тэрийээччитэ. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] 0zk0mjl0ttpvjdrb5xdq590v2u0fhs3 6686151 6686150 2025-06-14T10:53:37Z Jon Gua 2593212 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q859]] 6686151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/dlg/Биография |Биография = Платон |Ойуу = Plato_Silanion_Musei_Capitolini_MC1377.jpg |Төрөөбүт күнэ = 428/427 б. э. и. |Өлбүт күнэ = 348/347 б. э. и. |Киһи үлэтэ = }} '''Платон''' ({{Wp/dlg/Lang-grc|Πλάτων}}; 428/427 б. э. и. эбэтэр 424/423 б. э. и. — 348/347 б. э. и.) — Былыргы Греция классическэй периодын философа, платоническэй һанаа ускуолатын уонна академиятын, һаапат маӈнайгы үрдүк таһымнаак ускуола тэрийээччитэ. [[Category:Wp/dlg]] {{INTERWIKI|Q859}} ai57vttmo0t9sjcp8h8xkldioj4yugz 0 3609055 6686145 2025-06-14T10:50:56Z ⴰⴳ ⴰⵡⵜⵎⴰⵊⵇ 2607011 ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ 6686145 wikitext text/x-wiki ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ a4njg344sn1w6sfmugw6alzgh18sy2o 2 3609056 6686154 2025-06-14T10:56:18Z ⴰⴳ ⴰⵡⵜⵎⴰⵊⵇ 2607011 TAMAGIK 6686154 wikitext text/x-wiki tamagk 4i4dkm9fh8dqjs30p85w2r9whxr6pub 0 3609057 6686169 2025-06-14T11:15:20Z 77.205.21.6 Created page with "'''सुबह मुसुमे''' (モーニング娘, Mōningu Musume?, मौन "जापानी बिंदु" आधिकारिक प्रतिलेखन दा हिस्सा होने दे नाते), या चीन च संक्षिप्त मोमुसु (モー娘?), उर्फ Zǎoān Shàonǚ Zǔ (च. अनुवाद: 早安少女組), इक जे-पॉप लड़की ऐ ग्रुप से नमस..." 6686169 wikitext text/x-wiki '''सुबह मुसुमे''' (モーニング娘, Mōningu Musume?, मौन "जापानी बिंदु" आधिकारिक प्रतिलेखन दा हिस्सा होने दे नाते), या चीन च संक्षिप्त मोमुसु (モー娘?), उर्फ Zǎoān Shàonǚ Zǔ (च. अनुवाद: 早安少女組), इक जे-पॉप लड़की ऐ ग्रुप से नमस्ते! बदलदे लाइनअप कन्नै प्रोजेक्ट, जापान च अप-फ्रंट कंपनी दे जेटीमा लेबल आसेआ जारी कीता गेआ। 2014 थमां शुरू होईये, चालू साल गी हून समूह दे नांऽ दे अंत च जोड़ेआ गेआ ऐ, पैह्ले 2014 च "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '14" (モーニング娘。'14?, उच्चारण "इक चार") दे रूप च, फिर 2015 च "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '15" ("एक पंज") दे रूप च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '16" ("इक छह") 2016 च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '17" ("एक सात") 2017 च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '18" ("एक आठ") 2018 च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '19" ("एक नौ") 2019 च... [[Category:Wp/dgo]] otk34x169hpgif7s7nkebqva8dwwe3w 6686171 6686169 2025-06-14T11:16:57Z 77.205.21.6 6686171 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:161006 AMN 빅 콘서트 - 모닝구무스메 16 우타카타 새터데이나이트 직캠 by DaftTaengk 3m50s.jpg|thumb]] '''सुबह मुसुमे''' (モーニング娘, Mōningu Musume?, मौन "जापानी बिंदु" आधिकारिक प्रतिलेखन दा हिस्सा होने दे नाते), या चीन च संक्षिप्त मोमुसु (モー娘?), उर्फ Zǎoān Shàonǚ Zǔ (च. अनुवाद: 早安少女組), इक जे-पॉप लड़की ऐ ग्रुप से नमस्ते! बदलदे लाइनअप कन्नै प्रोजेक्ट, जापान च अप-फ्रंट कंपनी दे जेटीमा लेबल आसेआ जारी कीता गेआ। 2014 थमां शुरू होईये, चालू साल गी हून समूह दे नांऽ दे अंत च जोड़ेआ गेआ ऐ, पैह्ले 2014 च "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '14" (モーニング娘。'14?, उच्चारण "इक चार") दे रूप च, फिर 2015 च "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '15" ("एक पंज") दे रूप च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '16" ("इक छह") 2016 च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '17" ("एक सात") 2017 च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '18" ("एक आठ") 2018 च, "मॉर्निंग मुसुमे '19" ("एक नौ") 2019 च... [[Category:Wp/dgo]] od23gj6zeb23adw0xlkvokyx3ye2wh8