Wikipédia jvwiki https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Pendhapa MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.8 first-letter Médhia Mirunggan Parembugan Naraguna Parembugan Naraguna Wikipédia Parembugan Wikipédia Barkas Parembugan Barkas MédhiaWiki Parembugan MédhiaWiki Cithakan Parembugan Cithakan Pitulung Parembugan Pitulung Kategori Parembugan Kategori Gapura Parembugan Gapura TimedText TimedText talk Modhul Parembugan Modhul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 0 882 1731578 1730498 2025-07-04T02:57:21Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox spesies | item = Q26972265 | image = Collage of Nine Dogs.jpg }} '''Asu''', '''segawon''', utawa '''cemera''' kasebut ('''''Canis familiaris''''' yèn dianggep spèsiès kang béda utawa '''''Canis lupus familiaris''''' yèn dianggep dadi subspèsiès [[serigala]]) minangka [[karnivor]] ing kulawarga [[Canidae]]. Iki minangka bagéan saka kaleng kaya serigala, lan minangka karnivor darat kang akèh banget.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Young|first1=Julie K.|last2=Olson|first2=Kirk A.|last3=Reading|first3=Richard P.|last4=Amgalanbaatar|first4=Sukh|last5=Berger|first5=Joel|date=1 Fèbruari 2011|title=Is Wildlife Going to the Dogs? Impacts of Feral and Free-roaming Dogs on Wildlife Populations|url=https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/61/2/125/242696|journal=[[BioScience]]|language=en|volume=61|issue=2|pages=125–132|doi=10.1525/bio.2011.61.2.7|s2cid=6673698|issn=0006-3568}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Daniels|first1=Thomas|last2=Bekoff|first2=Marc|date=1989-11-27|title=Population and Social Biology of Free-Ranging Dogs, Canis familiaris|url=https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/acwp_ehlm/18|journal=Ecology Collection}}</ref> Asu lan srigala abu-abu kang isih ana saiki minangka isih sadulur amarga srigala modern ora ana gandhèng cenengé karo srigala kang kaping pisanan diingu manungsa, kang duwé arti yèn leluhur langsung saka asu kasebut wis punah. Asu kasebut minangka [[spesies|spèsiès]] pisanan kang dijinengi lan dipilih kanthi pirang-pirang èwu taun kanggo macem-macem prilaku, kemampuan sensorik, lan atribut fisik. Hubungané kang dawa karo [[manungsa]] naté nyebabaké asu bisa uga cocog karo tumindaké manungsa lan bisa tuwuh kanthi pola panganan kaya pati sing ora cukup kanggo kaleng liyané. Asu beda-beda kanthi wujud, ukuran, lan werna. Dhèwèké nindakaké akeh peran kanggo manungsa, kayata mburu, angon, narik akeh, njagani, ngéwangi polisi lan militèr, kekancan, ngéwangi wong cacat. Pengaruh iki ing masarakat manungsa menehi soanten saka "kanca paling apik manungsa". == Jinis == === Asu gedhé === Ukurané asu iku werna-werna, ana kang gedhé lan cilik nganti bisa digawa menyang ngendi-endi. Jinisé asu gedhé iku kaya ta: * [[Asu border collie]] saka Karajan Manunggal lan Sekotlan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/border-collie/|title=Border Collie|website=American Kennel Club|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu Dalmatian|Asu dalmatian]] saka [[Kroasia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/dalmatian/|title=Dalmatian|website=American Kennel Club|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu Herder|Asu herder]] saka [[Jérman]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/herding/|title=Herding Group|website=American Kennel Club|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu pinscher]] saka Jérman.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/miniature-pinscher/|title=Miniature Pinscher|website=American Kennel Club|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu St Bernard|Asu saint bernard]] saka [[Switserlan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/dog-breeds/saint-bernard-history-rescue-dogs-swiss/|title=Saint Bernard History: The Original Rescue Dogs of the Italian-Swiss Border|website=American Kennel Club|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> === Asu cilik === Saliyané asu gedhé, uga ana asu cilik utawa asu kikik, kang ing [[basa Inggris]] diarani toy dog. Jinisé asu cilik iku kaya ta: * [[Asu Chihuahua|Asu chihuahua]] saka [[Mèksiko]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dogtime.com/dog-breeds/chihuahua|title=Chihuahua|website=Dog Time|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu Malta|Asu maltese]] saka [[Malta|Républik Malta]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dogtime.com/dog-breeds/maltese|title=Maltese|website=Dog Time|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu Pomerania|Asu pomeranian]] saka Jérman.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dogtime.com/dog-breeds/pomeranian|title=Pomeranian|website=Dog Time|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> === Asu ras tulèn === [[Gambar:ChowChow2Szczecin.jpg|jmpl|280x280px|Asu Chow Chow ya iku salah siji asu tulèn ing donya ({{harvnb|Parker, dkk|2004||p= 1160–1164}}).]] Parker lan ilmuwan liyané ing artikel kanthi sesirah ''Genetic Structure of the Purebred Domestic Dog'' miterang yèn ana 14 asu tulèn ing donya. Asu-asu iku kasebar ing [[Afrika]], [[Alaska]], [[Jepang]], [[Républik Rakyat Cina]], lan [[Sibèri]], ya iku:{{sfnp|Parker, dkk|2004|p=1160–1164|ps=||}} * [[Asu afghan hound]] saka [[Afghanistan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Afghan-hound|title=Afghan Hound (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu akita inu]] saka Jepang.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Akita-dog|title=Akita (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu basenji]] saka [[Républik Dhémokratik Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/basenji|title=Basenji (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu Chow Chow|Asu chow chow]] saka Républik Rakyat Cina.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dogtime.com/dog-breeds/chow-chow|title=Chow Chow|website=Dog Time|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu Samoyed|Asu samoyed]] saka Fédérasi Ruslan lan Sibèri Kulon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/samoyed/|title=Samoyed|website=American Kennel Club|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu husky siberia]] saka Sibèri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Siberian-husky|title=Siberian Husky (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu lhasa apso]] saka [[Tibet]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Lhasa-apso|title=Lhasa Apso (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu malamut alaska]] saka Alaska.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Alaskan-Malamute|title=Alaskan Malamute (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu Peking|Asu pekingese]] saka Républik Rakyat Cina.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dogtime.com/dog-breeds/pekingese|title=Pekingese|website=Dog Time|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu saluki]] saka [[Wétan Tengah]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/saluki|title=Saluki (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu sharpei]] saka Républik Rakyat Cina.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Chinese-shar-pei|title=Chinese Shar-pei (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu shiba inu]] saka Jepang.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/shiba-inu|title=Shiba Inu (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu shih tzu]] saka Républik Rakyat Cina.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/shih-tzu|title=Shih Tzu (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * [[Asu terier tibet]] saka Tibet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/Tibetan-terrier|title=Tibetan Terrier (Breed of Dog)|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> === Jinis ing Indonésia === Sejatiné, [[Indhonésia|Indonésia]] uga duwé jinis asu kang ora ana ing panggonan liyané, ya iku: ====Ajak jawa==== Ajak utawa ajag ya iku asu kang urip ing [[Asia]] mligi ing sisih kidul lan wétan. Ajak ora padha karo asu ajag. Ajak minangka asu asli ing [[Nusantara]], ditemokaké ing pulo [[Sumatra]] lan [[Jawa]], sing manggon ing wilayah pegunungan lan alas. Asu lokal lan liya-liyané sing umumé dadi kéwan ing Indonésia sejatiné asu impor saka wilayah liya. Dhuwur sedheng, wernané coklat abang. Ing ngisor janggut, gulu, nganti pucuk weteng putih, déné buntuté ireng jet. Ajak biasané manggon ing klompok lima nganti rolas kéwan, gumantung saka lingkungané. Nanging, ing kahanan tartamtu Ajak bisa urip dhewe (dhèwèkan), kayata ing [[Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser]] lan [[Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru|Taman Nasional Bromo]] (Pasuruan). ==== Asu kintamani ==== [[Barkas:Kintamani.jpg|jmpl|260x260px|[[Segawon kintamani|Asu kintamani]]]] Adhedhasar ''standardisasi'' sajroning Himpunan Trah Anjing Kintamani Bali (HTAKB) taun [[2015]] kepungkur, sinebutaké yèn dedeg asu kintamani wadon luwih cilik timbang asu kintamani lanang. Dhuwuré awak asu kintamani kaétung saka pundhak utawa ''gumba'' tumeka ing pidakan lemah yaiku 45-55 sèntimeter ([[Sèntimèter|cm]]) lan wadoné udakara 40–50&nbsp;cm. Asu kintamani bisa urip nganti umur 14 taun. Sadurungé sinebut minangka asu kintamani, kewan iki kang kaya katulis ana [[serat]]-serat sastra kuna [[Bali]] ing [[Rontal|lontar]] èwonan taun kepungkur, diarani minangka [[Kuluk Gembrong]] utawa asu kang wulune ketel. Kuluk lan cicing yaiku sebutan kanggo basa lokal lan gembrong tegesé ketel. wuluné kang ketel dinuga minangka asil ''adaptasi'' supaya suhu awaké panggah anget nalika ing hawa adhem paredèn. Carita ngenani mula bukané asu kintamani katulis jangkep ana sawijining panalitèn kang asesirah ''The Kintamani Dog: Genetic Profile of an Emerging Breed from Bali, Indonesia. S''ajronong panalitèn kang ditindakaké dening I Ketut Puja taun [[2005]] sinebutaké, asu kintamani kagolong asu [[purba]], yaiku asu kang wis kélangan ragam gènetikané awit èwonan taun kepungkur. Miturut panaliti asu kintamani saka ''Fakultas Kedokteran Heman [[Universitas Udayana]]'', [[Denpasar]] kasebut, asal usul dingertèni minangka asil kawin silang chow-chow kalawan asu lokal. Kadadéan kasebut dumadi ing taun [[1400]], nalika sawijining tukang dagang saka [[Cina]] alihan menyang [[Bali]] sinambi gawa asu chow-chow duweké. Si tukang dagang banjur ngrabi salah siji anggota kulawarga [[Raja Jaya Pangus]] lan manggon ing laladan Kintamani. Kaya ngetutaké pokal bendarané, [[asu chow-chow]] uga nglakoni kawin silang kalawan jinis lokal satemah lair kuluk gembrong. Senajan mangkono, sajroning panalitèn liyané ana temuan kang narik kawigatèn jalaran sacara gènetika asu kintamani duwèni sambung rapet kalawan [[dingo]], asu ajag saka [[Ostrali|Ustrali]]. Sakecap ciri-ciri asu kintamani mèmper srigala lan dingo. Asu kintamani uga mempèr kalawan asu nembang Papua (Papua Singing Dog) kang isih sadulur kalawan dingo. Kairipan asu kintamani lan dingo njurung tèori selawasé iki yèn dingo yaiku asu kang asalé saka [[Asia Wétan]] kang mèlu alihan bendarané ras Austronésia menyang pulo-pulo ing [[Asia Kidul-wétan|Asia Kidul-Wétan]]. dingo Ustrali wis kakurung saka gunggung baboné selawasé 5000 taun kapungkur, mangkono uga asu kintamani. Ing tèori iki disebutaké yèn mapané Désa Sukawana kang dikupengi [[Punthuk Penulisan]] lan [[Lembah Batur]] mènèhi tantangan lan pepalang kanggo asu kintamani. Iki kang nyebabaké asu kintamani kakurung kanggo manak lan kawin kalawan jinis liyané saka jaban Sukawana èwonan taun lawasé. Iki kang uga gawe jinis asu kintamani luwih seragam wujudé kawit èwonan taun kapungkur tumeka saiki lan dadi èndemik Sukawana sarta trah asu sepisanan asli [[Indhonésia|Indonésia]]. Asu kintamani saiki wis sumebar ing sawenèh laladan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indonesia.go.id/kategori/keanekaragaman-hayati/2602/mengenal-kintamani-anjing-purba-asli-indonesia|title=Mengenal Kintamani Anjing Purba Asli Indonesia|last=|first=|website=Portal Informasi Indonesia|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> Asu kintamani bisa didadèkaké asu sing bisa ngreksa bendarané lan duwé sipat mawas sarta sumèh marang sapa waé. Asu kasebut sipaté uga mandhiri lan cukat nalika ana asu liyane lumebu ana ing wewengkoné dhèweké, nanging asu kintamani nuduhaké sipat seneng kekancan marang bendara lan kulawargané. Asu kintamani bisa cepet kekancan marang [[bocah]] lan bisa dadi kanca dolan kang apik. Yèn asu kintamani urip bebarengan kanggo wektu kang cukup suwé lan cerak, asu kasebut bakal nuduhake tandha kasetyané selawase uripé. Kirik kintamani duwèni sikil kang ènthèng jalari dhèwèké bisa polah kanthi bebas, asu iki uga tinepung minangka asu kang bisa munggah [[gunung]] kanthi gampang jalaran wujud awaké kang pas kanggo nempuh dalan-dalan ing gunung, asu iki uga duwé katrampilan bisa lelangèn ana [[banyu]], mula saka kuwi asu kintamani ora wedi karo banyu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kompas.com/homey/read/2021/09/07/183139276/anjing-kintamani-anjing-lokal-dari-bali-yang-bersahabat?page=all|title=Anjing Kintamani, Anjing Lokal dari Bali yang Bersahabat|last=|first=|date=|website=Kompas|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> Asu kintamani kapétung wiwit 20 Fébruari 2019 wis duwé sèrtifikat utawa "pengakuan" saka donya yèn asu iki minangka asu ras asli saka Indonésia, mangka déning Benny Kwok Wie yaiku lurah paguyuban Indonésia Kennel Klub (IKK) wis mersudèkaké dhaftaraké asu kintamani supaya diakoni déning donya kawit taun 2017 kepungkur. Déné saiki awakdhéwé wis bisa bombongaké yèn asu kintamani pancèn satemené asu Indonésia, awit ing Bali populasi asu kintamani kalebu akèh, malah gampang tinemu ing kebon jeruké para warga Bali. Asu kintamani asring nglairaké bayiné ana ing guwa-guwa, sawisé oleh sertifikat rasa handarbeniné warga lekas kegugah lan merlokaké ngrumat asu kintamani kanthi becik lan ngelongi angka asu kintamani kang ditelantarké ana sapinggiré dalan-dalan, lan iku becik kanggo nambah mumpangat ekonominé warga kang péngin ngingu asu kintamani dadi klangenané.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://regional.kompas.com/read/2019/04/16/11355491/anjing-kintamani-dari-kontes-dunia-sampai-dapat-sertifikat-ras-asli?page=all|title=Anjing Kintamani dari Kontes Dunia Sampai Dapat Sertifikat Ras Asli|last=Gamar|first=Robinson|date=2019-04-16|website=Kompas.com|access-date=2022-05-23}}</ref> ====Asu tengger==== Asu tengger ya iku asu kang mung bisa ditemoni ing wewengkon [[Gunung Brama|Pagunungan Brama]], [[Jawa Wétan]] (uga diarani Pagunungan Tengger).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rumahbudidaya.co.id/jenis-anjing-kampung/|title=Jenis Anjing Kampung|website=Rumah Budidaya|access-date=15 Mèi 2022|archive-date=2022-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629055455/https://rumahbudidaya.co.id/jenis-anjing-kampung/|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{sfnp|Hatmosrojo|2003|p=48|ps=}} Miturut Jentink lan Semon, asu tengger duwé garis coklat tua ing guluné, kapinteran sing dhuwur, lan pawakan gagah.{{sfnp|Jentink|1897|p=218|ps=}}{{sfnp|Semon|2018|p=196|ps=}} Alexander uga nambahi yèn asu jinis iki kalebu kewan sing wani, manteb, lan dadi pimpinan asu liyané. Ing cathetané dhèwèké, asu iki uga digolongake minangka asu gedhé kanthi dawa awak 1 mèter lan buntut 30 sèntimèter.{{sfnp|Alexander|Bedjo |p=5|ps=|Suhartono|2018}} ====Asu new guinea singing==== Asu New Guinea Singing ya iku asu sing manggon ing dataran tinggi New Guinea. Werna coklat emas kanthi bentuk kuping segi telu, buntut sing kandel, moncong cendhak kaya rubah. Wong Moni nganggep segehome, minangka Asu New Guinea Singing, minangka bagéan saka leluhure. Ora mung kuwi, asu kicau Papua uga dianggep minangka pemilik utawa penjaga dataran tinggi Carstensz Pyramid, puncak paling dhuwur ing Jayawijaya kanthi dhuwure 4.884 meter saka permukaan laut (mdpl). Ancaman paling gedhe sing saiki diadhepi asu nyanyi Papua yaiku pecah konflik bersenjata ing Intan Jaya amarga tumindak kelompok kekerasan bersenjata (KKB).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indonesia.go.id/kategori/keanekaragaman-hayati/2575/melestarikan-anjing-bernyanyi-dari-ketinggian-papua|title=Melestarikan Anjing Bernyanyi dari Ketinggian Papua|website=Indonesia.go.id|access-date=27 Mèi 2022}}</ref> == Pérangan awak == === Rangka === [[File:Dog anatomy lateral skeleton view (full).jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Rangka asu kang dideleng saka sisih]] Kabèh asu kang séhat, tanpa deleng ukuran lan jinisé, duwéni struktur rangka kang mèmper marang siji lan liyané sanadyan ana variasi rangka ing antarané jinis asu. Wujud rangka kang mèmper iku ora deleng marang cacah [[balung]] ing buntut. Rangka asu iku cocog kanggo lumayu. Balung asu ing geger lan gulu duwéni otot geger kang melar lan kuwat. Balung iga kang dawa nyebabkaké ruwang kang gedhé kanggo [[jantung]] lan [[paru-paru]]. Asu duwéni pundhak kang ora nyambung marang rangka, mula duwéni fleksibilitas kang apik.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59182873|title=The encyclopedia of dog breeds|last=Cunliffe|first=Juliette|date=2004|publisher=Parragon|isbn=0-7525-8018-3|location=Bath|oclc=59182873}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/697506545|title=The encyclopedia of the dog|last=Morgan|first=Tracy|date=2009|isbn=978-0-7566-6004-8|edition=2nd American edition, [revised edition]|location=New York, NY|oclc=697506545}}</ref> Dwarfisme digunakaké kanthi selektif marang sawenèh jinis asu amarga sikil kang cendhak duwéni guna. Jinis asu iku antarané dacshunds lan corgis.<ref name=":2" /> Sakéhé asu duwéni 26 balung geger ing buntuté, nanging sapérangan asu buntut cendhak duwéni sakora-orané telu balung.<ref name=":1" /> Dibandingaké marang asal-usulé asu, kaya ta srenggala, pangembangbiakan selektif (''selective breeding'') nalika dhomestikasi nyebabkaké ukuran rangka asu saya gedhé, kaya ta ras asu mastiff, uga bisa ditemoni ing jinis asu kang luwih cilik kaya ta terrier. Cumplung asu duwéni anasir kang mèmper marang siji lan liyané tanpa deleng turunané, nanging ing beda jinis asu duwéni wujud tengkorak kang beda banget.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Nießner|first=Christine|last2=Denzau|first2=Susanne|last3=Malkemper|first3=Erich Pascal|last4=Gross|first4=Julia Christina|last5=Burda|first5=Hynek|last6=Winklhofer|first6=Michael|last7=Peichl|first7=Leo|date=2016-04-20|title=Cryptochrome 1 in Retinal Cone Photoreceptors Suggests a Novel Functional Role in Mammals|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/srep21848|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|pages=21848|doi=10.1038/srep21848|issn=2045-2322|pmc=PMC4761878|pmid=26898837}}</ref> Wujud telung tengkorak dhasar ya iku dolichocephalic mendawa kang bisa dideleng ing asu bebedag kang ngutamaké mata, mesocephalic tengahan utawa jinis mesaticephalic, lan jinis brachycephalic kang cendhèk banget lan amba kaya ta tengkorak ras mastiff.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> === Wulu === Wulu asu dhomèstik duwéni rong jinis. Kang kapisan ya iku wulu dhobel. Wulu iki lumrah ditemoni ing asu lan [[srenggala]] kang saka laladan kang duwé iklim adhem. Wulu iki dumadi saka wulu kasar pelindhung lan wulu alus. Déné jinis liyané wulu tunggal. Kadhangkala anakan duwéni wulu putih kang duwéni wujud kaya ta geni, garis-garis, lan bintang kang manggon ing dhadha utawa pérangan awak sisih ngisor.<ref name=":1" /> Wulu asu bisa uwanen nalika umur setahun amarga disebabaké déning polah kang akèh (impulsif), mangluh, wedi marang kahanan kang ramé, lan wedi marang manungsa utawa kéwan kang ora dikenal.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=King|first=Camille|last2=Smith|first2=Thomas J.|last3=Grandin|first3=Temple|last4=Borchelt|first4=Peter|date=2016|title=Anxiety and impulsivity: Factors associated with premature graying in young dogs|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168159116302775|journal=Applied Animal Behaviour Science|language=en|volume=185|pages=78–85|doi=10.1016/j.applanim.2016.09.013}}</ref> === Buntut === Asu duwéni wujud buntut kang manéka warna, antarané lurus, lurus mendhuwur, wulan sabit, kriting, utawa mlungker-mlungker. Kaya ta kewan-kewan kang kalebu kaluwarga Canidae, buntut asu digunakaké kanggo sesambungan babagan kahanan emosi marang asu liyané. Ing sawenèh asu bebedag, buntuté ditugel supaya ora kena tatu. === Indera === Indera asu bisa ngrespon nganggo pandeleng, ambu, rasa, dedemokan, lan sensitif marang papan magnetik ing bumi. Panalitèn liyané ngusulké supaya asu bisa nemokaké laladan magnetik ing bumi.<ref name=":3" /> ==Kasehatan== Asu rentan kanggo macem-macem penyakit. Sawetara penyakit kasebut uga minangka penyakit manungsa, nanging liyane sing spesifik kanggo asu. Kaya mamalia, asu uga gampang kesel amarga cuaca panas, kelembapan sing dhuwur, utawa owah-owahan suhu sing drastis. ===Penyakit=== Penyakit infèksi sing gampang nyerang asu kalebu rabies, parvovirus, lan distemper. Penyakit kongenital ing asu sing diwarisake sacara genetis kalebu penyakit HD (pembentukan sendi pinggul sing ora normal), kelainan sendi lutut (luksasi patellar), nganti epilepsi lan kelainan katup pembuluh darah paru (stenosis paru). Asu bisa nandhang meh kabeh penyakit sing bisa dialami manungsa, saka hipotiroidisme, kanker, lara untu, nganti penyakit jantung. ===Kewan Parasit=== Kéwan parasit sing kerep nyerang njaba awak asu yaiku macem-macem jinis kutu, tungau lan kutu. Dene kewan parasit sing manggon ing weteng asu yaiku cacing gelang, cacing cambuk, cacing tambang, lan cacing tambang. ===Kelainan Fisik=== Sawetara asu jenis rentan kanggo penyakit bawaan, kayata kelainan pembentukan sendi pinggul (penyakit HD), kelainan sendi lutut (patellar luxation), kelainan langit-langit sumbing, wuta, utawa budheg. Asu uga bisa nandhang penyakit sing asring nandhang wong, kalebu diabetes, epilepsi, kanker, lan atritis. Asu dhadha lebar asring ngalami masalah karo keluwihan gas ing weteng (asam lambung). === Mortalitas === Umur maksimum asu kadhangkala gumantung saka jinisé. Miturut American Kennell Club, umur rata-rata asu cilik kira-kira 10 nganti 15 taun, lan sawetara anakan urip nganti 18 taun. Umumé, asu cilik uripé luwih dawa tinimbang asu gedhé. Déné asu-asu jinis médium kayata Australian Shepherd umuré rata-rata 10 nganti 13 taun.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://gaya.tempo.co/read/1500450/ingin-tahu-umur-maksimal-hewan-peliharaan-kucing-dan-anjing-kesayanganmu|title=Ingin Tahu Umur Maksimal Hewan Peliharaan Kucing dan Anjing Kesayanganmu?|date=30 Agustus 2021|work=Tempo|access-date=28 Mèi 2022}}</ref> Ing sisih liya, umur rata-rata asu gedhé yaiku 8 nganti 12 taun. Sing kalebu asu gedhé kayata German Shepherds, [[Golden Retriever]], [[Labrador Retriever]], Rottweiler, lan Doberman Pinschers; uga asu raksasa kayata Great Danes, St. Bernard, lan Mastiff. Umumé, asu raksasa umur uripé rata-rata 8 nganti 10 taun.<ref name=":5" /> Saka panalitén sing ditindakaké déning The Royal Veterinary College lan Univérsitas Nasional Taiwan, asu Jack Russell Terrier nduwéni umur paling suwé. Asu kasebut rata-rata bisa urip nganti umur 13 taun. Déné asu sing umuré paling cekak yaiku French Bulldog. Asu mau umuré rata-rata mung 4,5 taun amarga duwéni masalah kaséhatan sing manéka warna.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/04/28/dog-life-now-scientists-reveal-breed-lives-longest/|title=These are the dog breeds that live the longest|last=Pinkstone|first=Joe|date=28 April 2022|work=The Telegraph|access-date=29 Mèi 2022|language=en-GB|issn=}}</ref> Saka panalitén kuwi uga ditemokaké yén asu wadon duwéni umur petang sasi luwih dawa tinimbang asu lanang. Salah sijine alasane amarga asu wadon luwih akéh sing dikebiri.<ref name=":6" /> Asu dianggep tuwa sawisé umur 12 taun, nanging sawetara bisa urip luwih saka 20 taun. Ing donya iki, asu sing paling dawa umuré jenengé Bluey sing mati tanggal 14 Novémber 1939. Sing duwé asu kasebut ngaku yén Bluey umuré 29,5 taun pas mati. Nanging rékor iki ora bisa divérifikasi, amarga umur maksimum asu saiki 27 taun.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://genomics.senescence.info/species/entry.php?species=Canis_familiaris|title=Domestic dog (Canis familiaris) longevity, ageing, and life history|website=genomics.senescence.info|access-date=31 Mèi 2022}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/oldest-dog|title=Oldest dog ever|website=Guinness World Records|language=en-gb|access-date=31 Mèi 2022}}</ref> Bluey jinisé Australian cattle-dog, dhewéké urip ing Les Hall of Rochester, [[Victoria, Australia]].<ref name=":8" /> Saliyané Bluey uga ana Pusuke, asu lanang jinisé Shiba Inu sing urip nganti umur 26,7 taun. Rékor iki durung dikonfirmasi nanging bisa dipercaya.<ref name=":7" /> ==Polah== Asu minangka kéwan sosial, nanging sipat lan polahé asu bisa béda-béda gumantung saka jenis. Kajaba iku, sipat lan polahé asu gumantung anggoné ngrawatan sing ditampa saka kang duwé asu lan wong sing komunikasi karo asu kasebut. Asu kang dicilakani déning kang duwé utawa sengaja digawé keluwen bisa dadi asu kang gampang nesu lan mbebayani. Kang ngingu ora bisa ngrumat asu kasebut bisa nyebabake polahé asu kasebut ora normal. === Nyokot === Kirik bisa nyokot nalika sinau piyé carané sesambungan marang kang ngingu, biasané dilakoni nalika dolanan. Nanging menawa anak asu terus-terusan nyokot, kang ngingu wigati kanggo ngendegaké amarga iku minangka tetenger nek asuné duwéni samubarang kang ora normal. Asu bisa nyokot amarga wedi, kepingin padu, lan mangluh.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/global/read/4304152/12-perilaku-anjing-ini-punya-arti-penting-pertanda-masalah-kesehatan|title=12 Perilaku Anjing Ini Punya Arti Penting, Pertanda Masalah Kesehatan|last=Liputan6.com|date=2020-07-13|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2022-05-19}}</ref> === Mubeng-mubeng === Asu biasané mubeng-mubeng nalika kepingin ngoyak buntute, nanging menawa kadadeyan iki terus-terusan bisa wae asu mau nandang sindrom vestibular idiopatik. Luwih becik menawa asu mubeng-mubeng kaya ngono dipriksaké ing dokter kèwan waé.<ref name=":4" /> == Pakulinan mangan == Pakulinan mangan antarané kirik—anak asu—lan asu diwasa iku béda. Kirik mbutuhake [[protéin]] kaping pindho luwih akéh lan kalori 50% luwih saben ½ kilogram bobot awak saben dina kanggo nyukupi kabutuhan pertumbuhané. Kirik kudu diwénéhi mangan kaping 4 saben dina nganti umur 3 wulan lan kaping telu saben dina nganti umur 6 wulan. Sak dhuwuré 6 wulan mung kudu diwénéhi mangan kaping pindho saben dina. Pakanan kirik ora bisa diowahi ndadak, amarga bisa ndadekake ''gangguan pencernaan''.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Canis_lupus_familiaris/|title=Canis lupus familiaris (dog)|last=Dewey|first=Tanya|last2=Bhagat|first2=Sheetal|website=Animal Diversity Web|language=en|access-date=31 Mèi 2022}}</ref> Asu diwasa kanthi ukuran rata-rata mbutuhaké kira-kira 30 kalori saben ½ kilogram bobot awak saben dina. Apiké, anakan sing luwih gedhé mung butuh 20 kalori saben ½ kilogram bobot awak, déné sing luwih cilik butuh 40 kalori saben ½ kilogram bobot awak.<ref name=":9" /> Pakan asu kuduné ana protéin, [[karbohidrat]], [[lemak]], lan [[banyu]] kanthi jumlah sing seimbang. Asu bisa urip pirang-pirang dina tanpa pakanan lan ilang boboté 30–40%. Nanging, ora bisa kélangan banyu 10–15%, sing bisa fatal akibaté. Asu ora dirékoméndasikaké [[Diét (nutrisi)|diét]] daging, amarga bisa kekurangan [[kalsiyum]] lan [[dat wesi]]. Asu uga ora prelu suplemén diét.<ref name=":9" /> Asu kalebu [[omnivora]], sing bisa mangan [[tetuwuhan]] lan [[kéwan]]. Contoné tetuwuhan sing bisa dipangan asu ya iku [[séréalia]], [[wiji-wijian]], [[kacang woh]], lan [[Woh|woh-wohan]]. Déné sing kéwan antarané [[manuk]], [[mamalia]], [[amfibi]], [[Rèptil|reptil]], [[iwak]], [[endhog]], lan [[Kéwan gegremetan|gegremetan]]. Sakliyane kuwi, ana panganan manungsa sing ora oléh dipangan asu antarané [[kèju]] jamuren, [[bawang]], lan [[soklat]].<ref name=":9" /> ==Daging asu== Saliyane minangka kewan, asu dikembangake lan disembelih minangka sumber protein ing sawetara wilayah donya. Ing negara ngendi asu ditresnani minangka pets, mangan daging asu iku tabu lan nglanggar tradisi. Ing tlatah [[Koréa Kidul]], [[Nigéria]], [[Républik Rakyat Cina]], lan [[Viètnam]], asu uga didadèkaké sumber pangan, diternakaké, lan dibelèh. Lumrahé, jaré kepercayané masarakat, daging asu bisa nguwataké awak.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20191205152602-262-454456/menengok-budaya-kuliner-daging-anjing-di-empat-negara|title=Menengok Budaya Kuliner Daging Anjing di Empat Negara|website=CNN Indonesia|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> Masarakat ing sawetara provinsi ing Indonesia ngonsumsi daging asu minangka sumber protein, kanthi terang-terangan utawa kanthi rahasia. Ing Manado, daging asu diarani "RW" (singkatan saka "rintek wuuk" sing ing basa Tombulu tegese rambut alus).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://food.detik.com/info-kuliner/d-5705682/daging-anjing-atau-rw-jadi-kuliner-warisan-turun-temurun-di-manado|title=Daging Anjing atau RW Jadi Kuliner Warisan Turun-Temurun di Manado|last=|website=Detik Food|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Masakan Batak uga ngerteni daging asu, sanajan daging asu kanthi kode "B1" (singkatan saka "biang" sing ing basa Batak tegese asu) dudu panganan sing paling populer ing masakan Tapanuli lan sekitare. Ing [[Kutha Surakarta|Kutha Sala]], ''sate jamu'' utawa ''sengsu'' iku arane sate daging asu lan tongseng.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.solopos.com/sengsu-proses-seekor-anjing-jadi-olahan-kuliner-di-kota-solo-1119318|title=Sengsu: Proses Seekor Anjing Jadi Olahan Kuliner di Kota Solo|website=Solopos|access-date=15 Mèi 2022}}</ref> == Asu ing tradisi Islam-Jawa == Ing jaman ''postmodernisme'', masyarakat Jawa isih nduwèni akulturasi kang dhuwur babagan nilai-nilai Islam. Anané kabudayan Jawa kang ngrembaka ing dhaérah-dhaérah nudhuhake menawa Islam ngrembaka ing Indonésia liwat kultur kabudayan. Akèh anak-anak ing tlatah Jawa kang isih kenthel karo adat istiadat kang ana ing dhaérahé dhéwé-dhéwé. Salah sijiné adat tresna marang kéwan Asu. Ing jaman biyèn, nalika Jawa isih Hindu-Budha, Asu dadi kéwan kang disegani utawa urip bebrayan karo masyarakat Jawa, amarga Asu kalebu kewan Klangenan (kesenengan). Minangka kewan klangenan, Asu duwèni tugas lan fungsi, kayata :<ref name="islam dan budaya jawa">{{Cite web|url=https://syariah.uinsaid.ac.id/islam-dan-budaya-jawa/|title=islam dan budaya jawa|website=Fakultas syariah unsaid|access-date=13 Mèi 2022|archive-date=2023-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609001028/https://syariah.uinsaid.ac.id/islam-dan-budaya-jawa/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Dadi kewan kesenengan ndara lan sakaluwarga, amarga nalika ndara lunga adoh, asu bisa ora doyan mangan, poso dinan-dinan, gampang lulut, manut. * Dadi kewan kang njaga ndarané, njaga omahé saka bebayan. * Anak asu uga bisa dadi obat nalika strès. Wong kang duwé ingon-ingon luwih arang lara lan bisa mari luwih cepet tinimbang wong kang ora duwé ingon-ingon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kompas.com/homey/read/2021/03/22/183400676/5-alasan-anak-anjing-baik-untuk-dijadikan-hewan-peliharaan|title=5 Alasan Anak Anjing Baik untuk Dijadikan Hewan Peliharaan|website=Kompas.com|access-date=27 Mèi 2022}}</ref> * Dadi kewan kang bisa dadi kanca guyon, menawa dilatih awit cilik. * Dadi klangenan kang kerep diajak mburu musang, kuwuk, utawa tikus ing sawah-sawah nalika musim ama. * Melu njaga keamanan dhusun, nggawé kahanan dhusun ora sepi lan serem nalika ana kadadéyan perburuan asu kanggo dipangan.<ref name="islam dan budaya jawa"/> Saka katrangan ing dhuwur, asu bisa didadekake kewan ingon-ingonan kang gemesake lan nengsemake. Ananging, nalika keluwarga Islam arep ngingu ya kudu dijumbuhake karo hukum sing dadi lambaraning agamane. Pinten-pinten ahli fiqih ngandharake bilih wong islam sing arep ngingu asu sacara garis gedhi diparengake tergantung ancase (tujuwane). Ananging ing pinten-pinten riwayat bilih wong islam sing arep ngingu asu bakal disuda pahalane. Ing fiqih ''kontemporer'' karya Ahmad Zahro ngandharake bilih ngingu asu ora disaranke lumebu omah utawa dilebokake omah. Amarga kanggo njaga kesucian omah saka najis, apa maneh bagian saka asu kasebut minangka najis mugholadhoh (najis sing paling abot). Malah ana riwayat hadist kang ngandharake bilih malaikat rahmat ora bakal lumebu omahe wong islam menawa ana asu ning njero omah.  Rasulullah ngendikan “Malaikat ora bakal lumebu omahmu  yen ning njero omahmu ana asu lan patung.”'' (HR Bukhari lan Muslim) <ref name="islam dan budaya jawa"/> Mirsani fungsi lan mupangat Asu ing bebrayan Jawa-Islam, intinipun asu menika kewan ingkang mupangati tumrape bebrayan, tinggal wong islam netepi apa kang dadi tuntutan hukum agamane. Ing Geguritan Alam Sawegung dening Rama Sudiyatmana kang irah-irahane Gurit Asu ngandharake “……pulisi nuntun asu, nglacak tindak kang kleru, nggoleki durjana lan barang lan laku kang palsu, asu setya marang bendarane, asu ora pangkling ambune, asu ngereg sapa bae kang nedya nglimpe…..” <ref>{{Cite book|title=Geguritan Alam Sawegung.|first=Sudi|last=Yatmana|publisher=Almaterapublishing|location=Yogyakarta|isbn=978-979-185-210-4|year=2010|p= 58}}</ref> Lire, kepriye statuse asu ing kacane ulama fiqih? Awake dhewe kabeh wis ngerti, fiqih yaiku bidang ilmu sing paling pengaruh ing tataran hukum islam. Awit biyen nganti saiki. Yen teologi dadi hukum paling aji ing Kristen, Fiqih dadi teologine umat Islam. Sacara garis gedhe, ana loro mazhab ngenani status asu: apa suker/ najis utawa ora. Mazhab sepisan yaiku mazhab asu-najis. Iki pandangan sing dipeloni mazhab Syafi’I lan Hambali. Mazhab Syafi’i akeh dipeloni umat islam ing kawasan Asia Tenggara termasuk Indonesia.<ref name="anjing dalam pandangan ulama fikih">{{Cite web|url= https://islami.co/anjing-dalam-pandangan-ulama-fikih/|title=anjing dalam pandangan ulama fikih|website=Ulil Abshar Abdalla|access-date=13 Mèi 2022}}</ref> Wigatine argumen loro mazhab iki fokus ing hadist riwayat Abu Hurairah: “Yen wadah (gelas/piring) nge awakmu dilate asu mila kudu dicucekake kaping pitu wasuhan. Salah sijine nganggo lemah.”  Meh kabeh umat Islam apal karo Hadizt iki. Paling ora, tau krungu saka wong liya utawa saka warta islam.<ref name="anjing dalam pandangan ulama fikih"/> Saka pandangan mazhab kang kaping pisan, hadiz iki dadi argumen pokok bilih asu iku najis utawa reged. Sala sijiné ulama saka mazhab Syafi’I al Khathib al-Syirbin (w. 1570 M) ing karyané kang akeh diwaca ing pesantren Nu, Mughni al-Muhtaj, ngandharake lagikané kaya ngene: Mazhab kaping pindho dhuwe tafsir liya babagan hadist dilat asu iku ora blas kotor amarga ilere asu kuwi ora kategori kewan. Sing kudu diperhateke yaiku perintah nyuceni piring/gelas menawa didilat dening asu. Yen perintah nyuceni ping pitu iku pertandha bilih awake asu kuwi suker, kayat sing diandharake mazhab sepisan, mila perintah ngadusi mayit manungsa sing mesthi dilakoni makaping-kaping uga nandhesake bilih awake manungsa iku suker/najis. Padahal ora ono sing ngandharake bilih awake manungsa iku najis. Mila ana sing pendapat bilih asumsi mazhab pertama salah.<ref name="anjing dalam pandangan ulama fikih"/> == Paribasan Asu == Tembung Asu ing basa jawa asring dianggep perkara negatip. Bab iku amarga tembung kasebut dikenal minangka salah siji unenan utawa pisuhan ing bebrayan Jawa. Ananging, wong sing nganggokake tembung asu ora mesthi babagan pisuhan,lho. Tembung iki uga ana ing paribasan Jawa kan akeh maknane.<ref name="paribasan jawa">{{Cite web|url=https://www.idntimes.com/life/education/r-damanhuri/peribahasa-jawa-c1c2/4|title=paribasan jawa|website=idntimes|access-date=23 Mèi 2022|archive-date=2022-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027120312/https://www.idntimes.com/life/education/r-damanhuri/peribahasa-jawa-c1c2/4|url-status=dead}}</ref> 1. Asu Rebutan Balung Paribasan iki yen dimaknani kaya ana wong loro sing lagi ngrebutke samurang sing ora penting. Dadi, Asu ing kene yaiku analogi kanggo wong loro mau sing terus-teerusan rebutan lan ora ana sing gelem ngalah. Wondene Balung nggambarake samubarang kang sepele utawa ora penting.<ref name="paribasan jawa"/> 2.     Asu Belang Kalung Wang Paribasan iki yen dimaknai yaiku babagan status lan arta. Asu belang kalung wang iku analogi kanggo samubarang kang duweni wulu belang lan kalungan arta. Bebrayan Jawa kuno ndeleng asu minangka kewan sing kastane ngisor, apa maneh asu wulu belang. Asu ras kasebut dianggep cluthak saengga paling ora disenengi. Saka kuwi metafora asu belang ana kanggo nyebut wong sing statuse rendhah. Wondene kalung wang kanggo nyebut wong sing status sosiale rendhah ananging dhuwe kasugihan.<ref name="paribasan jawa"/> 3.     Asu gedhe menang kerahe Asu gedhe meang kerahe yaiku asu sing gedhe ananging menang nalika gelutan. Makna iki jumbuh karo bab kekuwasaan. Gampang omonge paribasan iki cocok kanggo nggambarake wong sing dhuweni status dhuwur lan sugih bakale menang terus ing pagesangan.<ref name="paribasan jawa"/> == Uga delengen == * [[Candhi Asu]] * [[Daging asu]] * [[Sangkaning asu omahan]] == Rujukan == {{reflist|2}} == Kapustakan == {{refbegin|1}} '''Buku''' * {{Cite book|title=Melatih Anjing Penjaga|year=2003|first=Rachmatdi|last=Hatmosrojo|publisher=Niaga Swadaya|location=Jakarta|isbn=978-979-4897-28-7|ref={{sfnref|Hatmosrojo|2003}}}} * {{Cite book|title=Being a Dog: Following the Dog Into a World of Smell|year=2016|first=Alexandra|last=Horowitz|publisher=Charles Scribners Sons|location=New York|isbn=978-147-6796-02-4|ref={{sfnref|Horowitz|2017}}}} * {{Cite book|title=Im Australischen Busch und an den Küsten des Korallenmeeres|last=Semon|first=Richard|publisher=Books on Demand|year=2018|isbn=978-396-1670-84-0|location=Norderstedt|pages=|ref={{sfnref|Semon|2018}}}} * {{cite book|author=Miklósi, Adám|title=Dog Behaviour, Evolution, and Cognition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnVEIrVNGhIC|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-929585-2|doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199295852.001.0001}} * {{cite book|title=The Dingo Debate: Origins, Behaviour and Conservation|publisher=CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Australia|editor-last=Smith|editor-first=Bradley|year=2015|isbn=978-1-4863-0030-3|url={{Google books|plainurl=yes|id=j6omCgAAQBAJ}}}} * {{Cite book |last1=Boitani |first1=Luigi |last2=Mech |first2=L. David |title=Wolves: Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |location=Chicago |year=2003 |pages=482 |isbn=978-0-226-51696-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zhwfmQEACAAJ |oclc=904338888 }} * {{Cite book|title=Geguritan Alam Sawegung.|first=Sudi|last=Yatmana|publisher=Almaterapublishing|location=Yogyakarta|isbn=978-979-185-210-4|ref={{sfnref|Yatmana|2010}}}} '''Jurnal''' * {{Cite journal|last=Alexander|first=David|last2=Bedjo|first2=Bing|last3=Suhartono|first3=Ani Wijayanti|year=2018|title=Perancangan Buku Fotografi Memperkenalkan Anjing Ras Asli Bali|url=https://publication.petra.ac.id/index.php/dkv/article/view/8018|journal=Innovation|volume=2|issue=13|pages=1–9|doi=|issn=2477-5134|ref={{sfnref|Alexander|Bedjo|Suhartono|2018}}}} * {{Cite journal|last=Jentink|first=F.A.|year=1897|title=The Dog of the Tengger|url=https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/508704|journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum|volume=18|issue=4|pages=217–220|doi=|issn=1872-9231|ref={{sfnref|Jentink|1897}}}} * {{Cite journal|last=Parker|first=Heidi G., dkk|year=2004|title=Genetic Structure of the Purebred Domestic Dog|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1097406|journal=Science|volume=304|issue=5674|pages=1160–1164|doi=|issn=0036-8075|ref={{sfnref|Parker, dkk|2004}}}} * {{Cite journal|last=NurHalima|first=Dewi|year=2020|title=Islam dan Budaya Jawa|url=https://syariah.uinsaid.ac.id/islam-dan-budaya-jawa/|journal=Islam|ref={{NurHalima|2020}}|access-date=2022-05-23|archive-date=2023-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609001028/https://syariah.uinsaid.ac.id/islam-dan-budaya-jawa/|url-status=dead}} * {{Cite journal|last=Abdalla|first=Ulil|year=2019|title=Anjing dalam Pandangan Ulama Fikih|url=https://islami.co/anjing-dalam-pandangan-ulama-fikih|journal=Islam}} * {{Cite journal|last=Damanhuri|first=R|year=220|title=Bukan Umpatan, Ini 5 Peribahasa Jawa yang Mengandung Kata 'Asu'|url=https://www.idntimes.com/life/education/r-damanhuri/peribahasa-jawa-c1c2/4|journal=educationidntimes|access-date=2022-05-23|archive-date=2022-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027120312/https://www.idntimes.com/life/education/r-damanhuri/peribahasa-jawa-c1c2/4|url-status=dead}} {{refend}} ==Pranala jaba== {{Sister project links|wikt=asu|species=Canis lupus familiaris|v=no|s=1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Dog|q=Dogs|b=Dog Care}} * [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/name/Canis_lupus_familiaris Biodiversity Heritage Library bibliography] for ''Canis lupus familiaris'' * [http://www.fci.be/ Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) – World Canine Organisation] * [http://www.ancient.eu.com/article/184/ Dogs in the Ancient World], an article on the history of dogs * View the [http://www.ensembl.org/Canis_familiaris/Info/Index dog genome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213145734/http://www.ensembl.org/Canis_familiaris/Info/Index |date=2013-12-13 }} on [[Ensembl]] [[Kategori:Asu| ]] gpkkfa2r6nqghf04g6w99j0m3o7sgem 0 1778 1731582 1729359 2025-07-04T05:28:27Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731582 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Iceberg_with_hole_near_Sandersons_Hope_2007-07-28_2.jpg|right|350px|thumb|Banyu ing telung fase: cuwèr, padhet, lan gas (minangka [[méga]]).]] '''Banyu''' ([[Basa Krama|Krama]]: '''toya''', [[Basa Kawi|Kawi]]: '''way''', '''wé''') iku [[senyawa kimia|senyawa]] kang wigati kanggo kabèh wangun kauripan kang dikawruhi nganti tekan saiki ing bumi,<ref>Philip Ball, ''Water and life: Seeking the solution'', [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v436/n7054/full/4361084a.html Nature '''436''', 1084-1085 (25 August 2005) | doi:10.1038/4361084a]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/19970617152802/http://www.umanitoba.ca/institutes/fisheries/waternot.html Water - The Essential Substance], Experimental Lakes Area, University of Manitoba</ref><ref>[http://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/xtremelife/ingredients.php What are the Essential Ingredients of Life?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606233725/http://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/xtremelife/ingredients.php |date=2014-06-06 }}, Natural History Museum, California Academy of Sciences</ref> nanging ora ing planit liya.<ref>Steven A Benner, ''Water is not an essential ingredient for Life, scientists now claim'', [http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=15568 SpaceRef.com]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [http://uplink.space.com/showflat.php?Cat=&Board=seti&Number=99260&page=21&view=collapsed&sb=5&o=0&fpart= uplink.space.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109185307/http://uplink.space.com/showflat.php?Cat=&Board=seti&Number=99260&page=21&view=collapsed&sb=5&o=0&fpart= |date=2007-11-09 }}</ref> Banyu disimbolaké kanthi H₂O.<ref name="Internet 5">[Michael Kwan, Prototype car runs 100 miles on four ounces of water as fuel, Mobile Magazine Thursday June 1, 2006 6:41 AM PDT]</ref> Cacahé banyu kang nutupi [[bumi]] ngancik 71%. Ana 1,4 triliun [[kilomèter]] kubik (330 juta mil³) ing bumi.<ref name="internet 2">{{Cite web |url=http://www.unep.org/vitalwater/01.htm |title=Archive copy |access-date=2011-03-03 |archive-date=2007-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606230804/http://www.unep.org/vitalwater/01.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Banyu bisa awujud gas (uwap banyu), cuwèr (banyu) lan padhet ([[ès]]).<ref name="internet 3">[Peter Tyson, Life's Little Essential, NOVA, Origins, July 2004]</ref> Banyu iku siji-sijiné dat kang kanthi alami ana ing lumahing bumi sajeroning ketelu wujud mau.<ref>Peter Tyson, ''Life's Little Essential'', [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/origins/essential.html NOVA, Origins, July 2004]</ref> Banyu saperangan gedhé ana ing [[sagara|segara]] ([[banyu asin]]) lan ing lapisan-lapisan ès (ing kutub lan pucuk-pucuk [[gunung]]), nanging uga bisa ana minangka [[méga]], [[udan]], [[kali]], lumahing [[banyu tawa]], [[tlaga]], [[uwab banyu|uwap banyu]], lan [[sagara ès]]. Banyu sajeroning obyèk-obyèk mau obah miturut sawijiné [[siklus banyu|pangitiran banyu]], ya iku: liwat [[panguapan|panguwapan]], [[udan]], lan ilènan banyu ing sadhuwuré lumahing [[lemah]] (''ilèn'', kalebu [[tuk]], [[kali]], [[muara|muwara]]) tinuju [[sagara]]. Banyu resik wigati kanggo kauripan [[manungsa]]. Sembrana anggoné nangani banyu, bisa ndadèkaké golèk banyu dadi angèl, monopolisasi, sarta privatisasi lan malah njalari crah.<ref>H.E. Msgr. Renato R. Martino, ''Water, an Essential Element of Life'', [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/justpeace/documents/rc_pc_justpeace_doc_20030322_kyoto-water_en.html A Contribution of the Delegation of the Holy See on the Occasion of the third World Water Forum, Kyoto, Japan, 16th-23rd March 2003]</ref> Indonésia wis duwé ''undhang-undhang'' kang ngatur sumber daya banyu wiwit taun 2004, ya iku Undhang Undhang nomer 7 taun 2004 ngenani Sumber Daya Banyu. Saliyané ing bumi, sapérangan gedhé banyu uga diprakirakaké ana ing [[kutub]] lor lan kidul planit [[Mars]], sarta ing mbulan [[Europa]] lan [[Enceladus]]. == Sifat-sipat kimia lan fisika == {| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse;" ! {{chembox header}} | <big>[[Banyu (molekul)|Banyu]]</big> |- | align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Gambar:Water molecule dimensions.svg|135px|Dhimènsi lan struktur géomètri sawijining molekul banyu.]][[Gambar:Water molecule (1).svg|110px|Modhèl ruwang-kaisi nggambaraké struktur molekul banyu.]] |- ! {{chembox header}} | Informasi lan sipat-sipat |- | [[Tatajeneng IUPAC|Jeneng sistematis]] | banyu |- | Jeneng alternatif | aqua, dihidrogen monoksida, {{br}}Hidrogen hidroksida |- | [[Rumus molekul]] | H₂O |- | [[Massa molar]] | 18.0153 g/mol |- | [[Densitas]] lan [[Fase (materi)|fase]] | 0.998 g/cm³ <small>(cuwèran ing suhu 20&nbsp;°C)</small>{{br}} 0.92 g/cm³ <small>(padhetan)</small> |- | [[Titik lebur]] | 0 [[Celsius|°C]] (273.15 [[kelvin|K]]) (32 [[Fahrenheit|°F]]) |- | [[Titik didih]] | 100&nbsp;°C (373.15 K) (212&nbsp;°F) |- | [[Kalor jinis]] | 4184 J/(kg·K) <small>(cuwèran ing suhu 20&nbsp;°C)</small> |- ! {{chembox header}} | [[Banyu (kaca data)|Kaca data tambahan]] |- | align="center" cellspacing="3" style="border: 1px solid #C0C090; background-color: #F8EABA; margin-bottom: 3px;" colspan="2" |<small>''[[Wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Disclaimer and references]]''</small> |- |} :''Artikel utama: [[Banyu (molekul)]]'' Banyu iku substansi kimia kanthi [[rumus kimia]] [[hidrogen|H]]₂[[oksigèn|O]]: siji [[molekul]] banyu kasusun saka rong [[atom]] [[hidrogen]] kang [[ikatan kovalen|kaiket kanthi kovalen]] marang siji atom [[oksigèn]]. Banyu asifat ora [[warna|duwé warna]], ora [[rasa|ana rasané]] lan ora [[bau|mambu]] ing kaanan standhar, ya iku ing [[tekanan]] 100 kPa (1 bar) lan [[suhu]] 273,15 K (0&nbsp;°C). Dat kimia iki wujud sawijiné [[pelarut]] kang wigati, kang duwé kemampuan kanggo nglarutaké akèh dat kimia liyané, kaya ta [[garam (kimia)|garam-garam]], [[gula]], [[asem]], sapérangan jinis [[gas]] lan akèh manéka [[kimia organik|molekul organik]]. Kaanan banyu kang wanguné cuwèr wujud sawijiné kaanan kang ora umum sajeroning kaanan normal, luwih-luwih manèh kanthi nggatèkaké gegandhèngan antarané hidrida-hidrida liya kang mèmper sajeroning kolom oksigèn ing [[tabèl periodik]], kang ngisarataké yèn banyu kuduné awangun gas, kaya déné [[hidrogen sulfida]]. Kanthi nggatèkaké [[tabèl periodik]], katon yèn [[unsur kimia|unsur-unsur]] kang ngupengi oksigèn ya iku [[nitrogen]], [[fluorin|flor]], lan [[fosfor]], [[sulfur]] lan [[klor]]. Kabèh èlemèn-èlemèn iki yèn silih iketan karo hidrogen bakal ngasilaké gas ing suhu lan tekanan normal. Alesan witékna ngapa hidrogen silih iketan karo oksigèn minangka fasa mawa kaanan cuwèr, ya iku amarga oksigèn luwih asifat èlèktronégatif tinimbang èlemèn-èlemèn liya mau (kajaba flor). Tarikan atom oksigèn marang èlèktron-èlèktron iketan adoh luwih kuwat tinimbang kang dilakokaké déning atom hidrogen, ninggal gunggung momotan positif ing keloro atom hidrogen, lan gunggung momotan négatif ing atom oksigèn. Anané momotan ing saben atom mau agawé molekul banyu duwé sapérangan [[momen dipol]]. Gaya silih tarik listrik antar molekul-molekul banyu akibat anané dipol iki agawé saben molekul silih cerak, njalari angèl kanggo dipisahaké lan kang akiré ngunggahaké titik didih banyu. Gaya silih tarik iki ingaran minangka [[ikatan hidrogen]]. Banyu asring ingaran minangka ''[[pelarut]] universal'' amarga banyu nglarutaké akèh dat kimia. Banyu ana sajeroning kasetimbangan dhinamis antarané fase [[cuwèr]] lan [[padhet]] ing sangisoré tekanan lan suhu standhar. Sajeroning wangun ion, banyu bisa didhèskripsikaké minangka sawijiné ion hidrogen ([[Hidron (kimia)|H]]⁺) kang silih asosiasi (silih iketan) karo sawijiné ion hidroksida ([[hidroksida|OH]]^-). [[Gambar:Havasu_Falls_2_md.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Dhuwuré konsèntrasi [[kapur]] kalarut agawé warna banyu saka [[Grojogan Havasu]] katon awerna ''turquoise''.]] === Èlèktrolisis banyu === :''Artikel utama: [[Èlèktrolisis banyu]]'' Molekul banyu bisa diurai dadi unsur-unsur asalé kanthi diilèni arus [[listrik]]. Prosès iki ingaran èlèktrolisis banyu. Ing katoda, loro molekul banyu ngalami réaksi kanthi nangkep loro [[èlèktron]], karéduksi dadi gas H₂ lan ion hidrokida (OH^-). Sauntara iku ing anoda, loro molekul banyu liya kaurai dadi gas [[oksigèn]] (O₂), nguwalaké 4 ion H⁺ sarta ngilèkaké èlèktron menyang katoda. Ion H⁺ lan OH^- ngalami nétralisasi saéngga kawangun manèh sapérangan molekul banyu. Réaksi sakabèhé kang setara karo èlèktrolisis banyu bisa ditulisaké kaya mangkéné. :&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<math>\mbox{ }2H_{2}O(l) \rightarrow 2H_{2}(g) + O_{2}(g)\,</math> Gas hidrogen lan oksigèn kang diasilaké saka réaksi iki minangka gelembung ing [[èlèktroda]] lan bisa diklumpukaké. Prinsip iki banjur dimupangataké kanggo ngasilaké hidrogen lan hidrogen peroksida (H₂O₂) kang bisa digunakaké minangka bahan bakar kendharaan hidrogen.<ref>Michael Kwan, ''Prototype car runs 100 miles on four ounces of water as fuel'', [http://www.mobilemag.com/content/100/354/C8115/ Mobile Magazine Thursday June 1, 2006 6:41 AM PDT] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306122721/http://www.mobilemag.com/content/100/354/C8115/ |date=March 6, 2007 }}</ref><ref>''Fuel from "Burning Water"'', [http://www.keelynet.com/energy/waterfuel.htm KeelyNet 01/09/02] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070323100317/http://www.keelynet.com/energy/waterfuel.htm |date=2007-03-23 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.freeenergynews.com/Directory/Hydrogen/index.html Hydrogen Technologies]</ref> === Kalarutan (solvasi) === Banyu iku [[pelarut]] kang kuwat, nglarutaké akèh jinis [[dat kimia]]. Dat-dat kang campur lan larut kanthi becik sajeroning banyu (upamané [[garam (kimia)|garam-garam]]) ingaran minangka dat-dat "[[hidrofilik]]" (panyeneng banyu), lan dat-dat kang ora gampang kacampur karo banyu (upamané [[lemak]] lan [[lenga]]), ingaran minangka dat-dat "[[hidrofobik]]" (wedi-banyu). Kalarutan sawijiné dat jorning banyu ditemtokaké déning bisa orané dat mau nandhingi kakuwatan gaya silih tarik listrik (gaya intermolekul dipol-dipol) antarané molekul-molekul banyu. Yèn sawijining dat ora bisa nandhingi gaya silih tarik antar molekul banyu, molekul-molekul dat mau ora larut lan bakal [[endapan|ngendhep]] sajeroning banyu. [[Gambar:Water drops on spider web.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Butir-butir [[embun]] nèmpèl ing [[jaring angga-angga]].]] === Kohèsi lan adhèsi === Banyu nèmpèl marang pepadhané ([[kohesi]]) amarga banyu asifat polar. Banyu duwé sapérangan [[momotan parsial]] négatif (σ-) cerak [[atom]] [[oksigèn]] akibat pasangan èlèktron kang (mèh) ora digunakaké bebarengan, lan sapérangan momotan parsial positif (σ+) cerak atom oksigèn. Sajeroning banyu babagan iki dumadi amarga atom oksigèn asipat luwih [[èlèktronégatif]] dibandhingaké atom hidrogen—kang tegesé, dhèwèké (atom oksigèn) duwé luwih "[[gaya listrik|kakuwatan tarik]]" marang [[èlèktron|èlèktron-èlèktron]] kang diduwèni bebarengan sajeroning molekul, narik èlèktron-èlèktron luwih cerak menyang arahé (uga ateges narik momotan négatif èlèktron-èlèktron mau) lan agawé laladan ing saubengé atom oksigèn mawa momotan luwih négatif ketimbang laladan-laladan ing saubengé kaloro atom hidrogen. Banyu uga nduwèwi sipat [[adhési]] kang dhuwur disebabaké déning sipat alami angka polar-ané. ==== Tegangan lumah ==== [[Gambar:Wasserläufer bei der Paarung crop.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Tegangan lumah banyu njalari [[anggang-anggang]] ora klelep.]] Banyu duwé [[tegangan lumah]] kang gedhé kang disebabaké déning kuwaté sipat kohèsi antar molekul-molekul banyu. Iki bisa diamati nalika sapérangan cilik banyu dipapanaké sajeroning sawijiné lumahan kang ora bisa ditelesi utawa kalarutaké (''non-soluble''); banyu mau bakal ngumpul minangka sawijiné tètèsan. Ing ndhuwur sawijiné lumahan gelas kang resik banget utawa mawa lumahan alus banget, banyu bisa minangka sawijiné [[lapisan tipis]] (''thin filem'') amarga gaya tarik molekular antarané gelas lan molekul banyu (gaya adhèsi) luwih kuwat tinimbang gaya kohèsi antar molekul air. Sajeroning sèl-sèl biologi lan organèl-organèl, banyu silih dumuk karo mèmbran lan lumahan [[protéin]] kang asifat hidrofilik; ya iku, lumahan-lumahan kang duwé daya tarik kuwat marang banyu. [[Irvin Langmuir]] ngamati sawijining gaya tolak kang kuwat antarné lumahan-lumahan hidrofilik. Kanggo nglakokaké dhéhidrasi sawijiné lumahan hidrofilik — sajeroning teges ngeculaké lapisan kang kaiket kanthi kuwat saka hidrasi banyu — perlu dilakokaké usaha temenanan nglawan gaya-gaya iki, kang diarani gaya-gaya hidrasi. Gaya-gaya mau gedhé banget pangajiné nanging ngluruh kanthi rikat sajeroning rentang nanomèter utawa luwih cilik. Wigatiné gaya-gaya iki sajeroning biologi wis disinaoni kanthi èkstènsif déning [[V. Adrian Parsegian]] saka [[National Institute of Health]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.biophysics.org/education/parsegian.pdf |title=Physical Forces Organizing Biomolecules (PDF) |access-date=2011-12-14 |archive-date=2004-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041011015753/http://www.biophysics.org/education/parsegian.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gaya-gaya iki wigati mligi nalika sèl-sèl kadhéhidrasi silih dumuk langsung karo ruwang njaba kang garing utawa pangadheman ing njaba sèl (''extracellular freezing''). == Banyu sajeroning kauripan == [[Gambar:Blue Linckia Starfish.JPG|thumb|kauripan ing njero sagara.]] Saka pandelengan [[biologi]], banyu duwé sipat-sipat kang wigati kanggo anané kauripan. Banyu bisa mijilaké réaksi kang bisa gawé [[senyawa organik]] ngakokaké [[réplikasi]]. Kabèh mahluk urip kang dikawruhi duwé gegantungan marang banyu. Banyu wujud dat [[pelarut]] kang wigati kanggo mahluk urip lan wujud pérangan wigati sajeroning prosès [[metabolisme]]. Banyu uga dibutuhaké sajeroning [[fotosintesis]] lan [[respirasi]]. Fotosintesis migunakaké cahya srengéngé kanggo misahaké atom hidrogen karo oksigèn. Hidrogen bakal kanggo minangka [[glukosa]] lan oksigèn bakal diculaké menyang [[udara]]. === Makluk banyu === :''Artikel utama: [[Hidrobiologi]]'' Lumahing banyu ing bumi dikebaki déning manéka jinis kauripan. Kabèh mahluk urip pisanan ing bumi iki asalé saka lumahing banyu. Mèh kabèh [[iwak]] urip ing njero banyu, saliyané iku, [[mamalia]] kaya ta [[lumba-lumba]] lan [[iwak paus]] uga urip ing njero banyu. Kéwan-kéwan kaya ta [[amfibi]] ngentèkaké sapérangan uripé ing njero banyu. Malah, sapérangan [[reptil]] kaya ta [[ula]] lan [[baya]] urip ing lumahing banyu cethèk lan sagara. Tetuwuhan sagara kaya ta [[alga]] lan [[suket laut]] dadi sumber panganan ékosistem lumahing banyu. Ing samodra, [[plankton]] dadi sumber pangan utama para iwak. == Banyu lan manungsa == Peradaban manungsa lestari nurut sumber banyu. [[Mesopotamia]] kang diarani awal peradaban ana ing antarané kali [[Tigris]] lan [[Euphrates]]. Peradaban Mesir Kuna gumantung ing [[kali Nil]]. Punjer-punjer manungsa kang gedhé kaya ta [[Rotterdam]], [[London]], [[Montreal]], [[Paris]], [[New York City]], [[Shanghai]], [[Tokyo]], [[Chicago]], lan [[Hong Kong]] olèh kajayané sapérangan amarga gampangé aksès liwat lumahing-limahing banyu. === Banyu kanggo ngombé === :''Artikel utama: [[Banyu ombèn]]'' Awak [[manungsa]] kapérang saka 55% nganti 78% banyu, gumantung saka ukuran awak.<ref>[http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/2000-05/958588306.An.r.html Re: What percentage of the human body is composed of water?] Jeffrey Utz, M.D., The MadSci Network</ref> Supaya bisa fungsi kanthi becik, awaké manungsa mbutuhaké antarané siji nganti pitung [[liter]] banyu saben dina kanggo ngèndhani [[dehidrasi]]; gunggung pesthiné gumantung marang tingkat aktivitas, [[suhu]], [[kalembaban]], lan sapérangan faktor liyané. Saliyané saka banyu ombèn-ombèn, manungsa éntuk cuwèran saka panganan lan ombénan liya. Sapérangan gedhé wong percaya yèn manungsa mbutuhaké 8–10 gelas (watara rong liter) saben dina,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/healthy_living/nutrition/drinks_water.shtml|title=Healthy Water Living|publisher=BBC|access-date=1 Fèbruari 2007|archiveurl=https://archive.ph/20120524191657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/treatments/healthy_living/nutrition/index.shtml|archive-date=2012-05-24|url-status=live}}</ref> nanging asil penlitèn kang diterbitaké [[Universitas Pennsylvania]] nalika taun [[2008]] nuduhaké yèn konsumsi 8 gelas mau ora kabukti mbantu akèh sajeroning nyehataké awak.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7326437.stm|title=Lots of water 'is little benefit'|publisher=BBC|accessdate=6 April 2008}}</ref> Malah sok-sok kanggo sapérangan wong, yèn ngombé banyu luwih akèh utawa kaluwihan saka kang kaprayogakaké bisa njalari katergantungan. Literatur médhis liyané nyaranaké konsumsi saliter banyu saben dina, kanthi tambahan yèn ulah raga utawa nalika [[cuaca]] kang panas.<ref name=Rhoades_2003>{{cite book | author = RA Rhoades, GA Tanner | title = Medical Physiology | publisher = Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | edition = second | location = Baltimore | date = 2003 | ISBN = 0781719364 }}</ref> === Pelarut === Pelarut digunakaké sadina-dina kanggo ngumbahi, contoné ngumbah awak manungsa (adus), [[sandhangan]], jogan, [[montor]], panganan, lan kéwan. Saliyané iku, [[limbah rumah tangga]] uga digawa déning banyu liwat saluran pambuwangan. Ing nagara-nagara indhustri, sapérangan gedhé banyu kagunakaké minangka pelarut. Banyu bisa dadi fasilitas prosès biologi kang nglarutaké [[limbah]]. [[Mikroorganisme]] kang ana ing njero banyu bisa mbantu mecah limbah dadi dat-dat kanthi tingkat [[polusi]] kang luwih asor. === Zona biologis === Banyu wujud cuwèran singular, amarga kapasitasé kanggo minangka jaringan molekul 3 dhimènsi mawa [[ikatan hidrogen]] kang mutual. Iki disebabaké amarga saben molekul banyu duwé 4 momotan fraksional kanthi arah [[tetrahedron]], 2 momotan positif saka kaloro atom hidrogen lan loro momotan négatif saka atom oksigèn.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC372788/pdf/microrev00039-0112.pdf | title = Role of Water in Some Biological Processes | accessdate = 2010-11-09 | work = Department of Medicine, University of Auckland School of Medicine; PHILIPPA M. WIGGINS | format = pdf }}</ref> Akibaté, saben molekul banyu bisa minangka 4 ikatan hidrogen karo molekul ing saubengé. Minangka conto, sawijining atom hidrogen kang manggon ing antarané loro atom oksigèn, bakal minangka siji [[ikatan kovalen]] karo siji atom oksigèn lan siji ikatan hidrogen karo atom oksigèn liyané, kaya kang dumadi ing [[ès]]. Owah-owahan dhènsitas molekul banyu bakal mangaruhi kamampuané kanggo nglarutaké partikel. Amarga sipat momotan fraksional molekul, lumrahé, banyu wujud dat pelarut kang apik kanggo partikel mawa momotan utawa ion, nanging ora kanggo [[senyawa organik|senyawa]] [[hidrokarbon]]. Konsèp ngenani [[sèl (biologi)|sèl]] minangka [[larutan]] kang kebuntel [[membran sèl|membran]], pisanan disinaoni déning [[èlmuwan]] [[Ruslan]] kang jenengé [[Troschin]] nalika taun 1956. Nalika [[monograf]]é, ''Problems of Cell Permeability'', [[tesis]] Troschin nélakaké yèn partisi larutan kang dumadi antarané lingkungan intraselular lan èkstraselular ora mung ditemtokaké déning [[permeabilitas]] membran, nanging dumadi akumulasi larutan tinentu ing njero protoplasma, saéngga minangka larutan gèl kang béda karo banyu murni. Nalika taun 1962, [[Ling]] liwat monografé, ''A physical theory of the living state'', njlèntrèhaké yèn banyu kang kakandhut ing njero sèl ngalami [[polarisasi]] dadi lapisan-lapisan kang nylimuti lumahing [[protéin|protèin]] lan wujud pelarut kang ala kanggo [[ion]]. Ion K⁺ diserep déning sèl normal, sebab [[gugus fungsional|gugus]] [[karboksil]] saka protèin ''cenderung'' kanggo narik K⁺ tinimbang ion [[sodium|Na⁺]]. Téyori iki, ditepungi minangka [[hipotèsis induksi-asosiasi]] uga njlèntrèhaké ora anané kompa [[kation]], [[ATPase]], kang kaiket ing mèmbran sèl, lan distribusi kabèh larutan ditemtokaké déning kombinasi saka gaya silih tarik antarané saben protèin kanthi modhifikasi sipat larutan banyu sajeroning sèl. Asil saka pangukuran [[resonansi magnetik inti|NMR]] pancèn nuduhaké mudhuné [[mobilitas]] banyu ing njero sèl nanging kanthi rikat ka[[difusi]] karo [[molekul]] banyu normal. Iki banjur ditepungi minangka modhèl ''two-fraction, fast-exchange''. Anané kompa kation kang diobahaké déning [[adenosina trifosfat|ATP]] ing mèmbran sèl, terus dadi bahan ''perdebatan'', bebarengan karo ''perdebatan'' ngenani karakteristik cuwèran ing njero sitoplasma lan banyu normal lumrahé. Argumèntasi paling kuwat kang nentang téyori ngenani jinis banyu kang mirunggan ing njero sèl, asalé saka kalangan ahli kimiawan fisis. Para ahli mau duwé pendhapat yèn banyu ing njero sèl ora mungkin béda karo banyu normal, saéngga owah-owahan struktur lan karakter banyu intrasélular uga bakal dialami karo banyu èkstraselular. Pendhapat iki didhasaraké marang pamikiran yèn, sanajan yèn kompa kation bener ana kaiket ing mèmbran sèl, kompa mau mung nyiptakaké kasetimbangan osmotik sélular kang misahaké siji larutan saka larutan liya, nanging ora kanggo banyu. Banyu ingaran duwé kasetimbangan dhéwé kang ora bisa diwatesi déning mèmbran sèl. Para ahli liya kang duwé pendhapat yèn banyu ing njero sèl béda banget karo banyu lumrahé. Banyu kang dadi ora bébas obah amarga prabawa lumahing ionik, ingaran minangka banyu mawa iket ({{lang-en|bound water}}), éwadéné banyu sanjaban jangkowan prabawa ion mau diarani banyu bébas ({{lang-en|bulk water}}). Banyu kaiket bisa énggal nglarutaké ion, amarga saben jinis ion bakal énggal katarik déning saben momotan fraksional molekul banyu, saéngga kation lan anion bisa ana cecedhakan tanpa kudu minangka garam. Ion luwih gampang ka[[hidrasi]] déning banyu kang réaktif, padhet kanthi iketan ora kenceng, tinimbang banyu inert ora padhet kanthi daya ikat kuwat. Iki nyiptakaké zona banyu, minangka conto, kation cilik kang kahidrasi banget bakal ''cenderung'' kaakumulasi ing fase banyu kang luwih padhet, éwadéné kation kang luwih gedhé bakal ''cenderung'' kaakumulasi ing fase banyu kang luwih renggang, lan nyiptakaké partisi ion kaya sérial Hofmeister ing ngisor iki: : Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > H⁺ >> Na⁺ : NH⁺ > Cs⁺ > Rb⁺ > K⁺ : ATP^3- >> ATP^2- = ADP^2- = HPO₄^2- : I^- > Br^- > Cl^- > H₂PO₄^- cathetan * dhènsitas banyu kaiket tansaya dhuwur menyang arah tengen. Interaksi antarané [[molekul]] banyu kaikat lan [[gugus fungsional|gugus]] [[ion]]ik diasumsikaké dumadi ing rentang let kang cendhak, saéngga [[atom]] [[hidrogen]] kaorièntasi menyang arah [[anion]] lan nyandhet interaksi antarané populasi banyu kaiket karo banyu bébas. Orièntasi molekul banyu kaiket tansaya winates lumahing molekul [[polielektrolit]] mawa momotan négatif antarané [[asem deoksiribonukleat|DNA]], [[asem ribonukleat|RNA]], [[asem hialorunat]], [[kondroitin sulfat]], lan jinis biopolimèr kanthi momotan liya. [[Energi]] [[elektrostatik]] antarané molekul biopolimer mawa momotan padha kang silih dhesek bakal nyiptakaké gaya [[hidrasi]] kang nyurung molekul banyu bébas metu saka njero sitoplasma. Lumrahé, konsènstrasi larutan polièlèktrolit kang cukup dhuwur bakal minangka [[gèl]]. Umpamané gèl ''agarose'' utawa gèl saka asem hialuronat kang ngandhut 99,9% banyu saka total bobot gèl. Ketahané molekul banyu ing njero struktur kristal gèl wujud salah siji conto ka''cenderungan'' alami saben komponèn saka sawijining sistem kanggo campur kanthi rata. Molekul banyu bisa ucul saka gèl minangka rèspon saka [[tekanan udara]], paningkatan suhu utawa liwat mékanisme [[panguwapan]], nanging kanthi mudhuné rasio kandhutan banyu, daya iket ionik kang dumadi antarané molekul dat kalarut kang nahan molekul banyu bakal tansaya kuwat. Sanajan mangkoko, panyerakan ionik kaya iki isih durung bisa njelasaké sapérangan fénoména anomali larutan kaya déné, * prabédan sipat banyu ing njero sitoplasma [[oosit]] [[kéwan]] [[kodhok]] karo banyu ing njero [[inti sèl]] lan banyu normal * mudhuné [[koéfisièn difusi]] banyu ing njero ''[[Artemia cyst]]'' dibandhingaké karo koéfisièn banyu kang padha ing [[gèl]] ''agarose'' lan banyu normal * luwih cendhèké dhènsitas banyu ing ''Artemia cyst'' dibandhingaké banyu normal ing [[suhu]] kang padha * anomali [[trimetilamina oksida]] ing [[jaringan otot]] * kaloro kandhungan banyu normal, lan banyu mawa koéfisièn partisi 1,5 kang diduwèni [[mitokondria]] ing suhu 0-4&nbsp;°C Fénoména anomali larutan iki dianggep dumadi ing rentang let adoh kang ana ing njaba dhomain panyerakan ionik. Ènèrgi ing molekul banyu dadi dhuwur amarga iketan hidrogen kang diduwèni dadi ora maksimal, kaya déné nalika molekul banyu ana saceraking lumahan utawa gugus hidrokarbon. Senyawa hidrokarbon banjur diarani asifat [[hidrofobik]] sebab ora minangka iketan hidrogen karo molekul banyu. Daya iket hidrogen ing kaanan iki bakal nembus sapérangan zona banyu lan partisi ion, saéngga disebutaké yèn minangka karakter banyu ing rentang let adoh. Ing rentang iki, molekul [[garam]] kaya déné [[sodium sulfat|Na₂SO₄]], [[sodium asetat]] lan [[sodium fosfat]] bakal duwé ka''cenderungan'' kanggo kaurai dadi kation Na⁺ lan anioné. == Banyu sajeroning kasenian == [[Gambar:The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg|thumb|300px|right|"Ombak Gedhé Lepas Pasisir Kanagawa." déning [[Katsushika Hokusai]], lukisan kang asring digunakaké minangka palukisan sawijining [[tsunami]].]] :''Artikel utama: [[Air sajeroning kasenian]]'' Sajeroning [[seni]] banyu disinaoni kanthi cara kang béda, banyu disajèkaké minangka sawijining èlemèn langsung, ora langsung utawa uga mung minangka simbul. Kanthi dijurung kamajuwan tèknologi fungsi lan pamupangatan banyu sajeroning seni wiwit owah, saka mauné geganep banyu wiwit mrambat dadi obyèk utama. Conto seni kang pungkasan iki, umpamané seni ilènan utawa tètèsan (''sculpture liquid'' utawa ''droplet art'').<ref>{{it}} Lucio V. Mandarini, "Liquide sculture", [http://www.liquidsculpture.com/images/fotocult_article.pdf FotoCult, Novembre 2006, pagina 60-65]</ref> === Seni lukis === Nalika jaman [[Renaisans]] lan sawisé iku, banyu diréprésentasikaké luwih réalistis. Akèh artis nggambaraké banyu sajeroning wangun obah-sawijining ilènan banyu utawa [[kali]], sawijining [[sagara]] kang [[turbulensi]], utawa malah [[grojogan]]-nanging akèh uga saka artis-artik iku kang seneng karo obyèk-obyèk banyu kang anteng, meneng-tlaga, kali kang mèh ora mili, lan lumahing sagara kang ora ngombak. Sajeroning saben kasus iki, banyu nemtokaké swasana (''mood'') kabèh karya seni mau,<ref>Chris Witcombe, ''Water in Art'', H2O-The Mystery, Art, and Science of Water, [http://witcombe.sbc.edu/water/art.html art.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208130454/http://witcombe.sbc.edu/water/art.html |date=2021-12-08 }}, 21.03.2007 13:32:20</ref> kaya ta umpamané sajeroning ''Birth of Venus'' ([[1486]]) karya [[Botticelli]]<ref>''[http://www.water-institute.com/uk/f-2-b_water_in_art.htm Birth of Venus (1486)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061109234940/http://www.water-institute.com/uk/f-2-b_water_in_art.htm |date=2006-11-09 }}'', Water in art, Water Institute-Nestlé Waters M.T. 2005</ref> lan ''The Water Lilies'' ([[1897]]) karya [[Monet]].<ref>''[http://www.water-institute.com/uk/f-2-b_water_in_art_archive_01.htm The Water Lilies cycle by Monet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061109234944/http://www.water-institute.com/uk/f-2-b_water_in_art_archive_01.htm |date=2006-11-09 }}'', Water in art, Water Institute-Nestlé Waters M.T. 2005</ref> === Fotografi === Selaras karo majuning [[tèknologi]] sajeroning [[seni]], banyu wiwit njupuk papan sajeroning babagan seni liya, umpamané sajeroning [[fotografi]]. Sanajan ana banyu ora duwé teges mirunggan ing kéné lan mung duwé peran minangka èlemèn palengkap, nanging banyu bisa digunakaké sajeroning mèh kabèh cabang fotografi: wiwit saka [[fasion]] nganti [[landsekap]]. Motrèt banyu minangka èlemèn sajeroning obyèk mbutuhaké pananganan mirunggan, wiwit saka filter ''circular polarizer'' kang migunani kanggo ngilangaké [[réflèksi]], nganti pamupangatan tèhnik ''long exposure'', sawijining tèhnik fotografi kang ngandhalaké bukaan rana alon kanggo ngripta èfèk lembut (''soft'') ing lumahing banyu.<ref>Email Arief Setiawan kepada Nein Arimasen, Wed, 21 Mar 2007 09:04:07 +0700 (WIT). Arief Setiawan ya iku seorang juru foto.</ref> === Seni tètèsan banyu === {{main|Seni tètèsan banyu}} Kaéndahan tètèsan banyu kang mecah lumahing banyu kang ana ing sangisoré dilestarèkaké kanthi manéka sentuhan tèhnik lan rasa ndadèkaké sawijining karya seni kang éndah, kaya déné kang disajèkaké déning Martin Waugh sajeroning karyané ''Liquid Sculpture'', sawijining antologi kang wis madonya.<ref>Martin Waugh, ''[http://www.liquidsculpture.com/news.htm Liquid Sculpture]'', 2007; [http://stage6.divx.com/members/222398/videos/1045710 video DivX]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Seni tètèsan banyu ora mandheg tekan kéné, kanthi pamupangatan tèhnik pangaturan marang tibané tètèsan banyu kang ''malar'', tètèsan-tètèsan banyu bisa diowahi samengkono rupané saéngga tètèsan-tètèsan mau minangka sawijining kamanunggalan duwé fungsi minangka sawijining penampil (''viewer'') kaya déné [[tampilan komputer]]. Kanthi ngatur-atur ukuran lan gunggung tètèsan kang bakal diliwataké, bisa sawijining gambar ditampilaké déning tètèsan-tètèsan banyu kang tiba. Èmané gambar iki mung asifat sauntara, tekan titik kang dikarepaké tiba nggayuh pérangan ngisor penampil.<ref>'''Water Droplet Art''', [http://www.tyborg.com/2005/08/23/water-droplet-art/ Twiddly Bits, August 23rd, 2005 at 9:07 pm], [http://www.hgb-leipzig.de/~julius/sphericalrobots/bitfall.php Bitfall Simulation] kriegte 50% Realität, Auszeichnung für Innovation und Technik-Kunstförderpreis der Stadtwerke Halle und Leipzig, Halle, 2004</ref> Komersialisasi karya jinis iki uga sajeroning wangun résolusi kang luwih kasar wis akèh dilakokaké.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.makezine.com/blog/archive/2007/01/jeep_waterfall.html |title=Jeep waterfall - DIY version? |access-date=2012-01-24 |archive-date=2007-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403060318/http://www.makezine.com/blog/archive/2007/01/jeep_waterfall.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.pevnickdesign.com/index1.html Pictures and Video] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070228084939/http://www.pevnickdesign.com/index1.html |date=2007-02-28 }}, Pevnick Design Inc.</ref> == Rujukan == === Artikel rujukan === {{reflist|2}} === Rujukan umum === <div class="references-small"> * OA Jones, JN Lester and N Voulvoulis, Pharmaceuticals: a threat to drinking water? ''TRENDS in Biotechnology'' 23(4): 163, 2005 * Franks, F (Ed), Water, A comprehensive treatise, Plenum Press, New York, 1972-1982 * [http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/mas/worksheets/VTP_wsp.mcd Property of Water and Water Steam w Thermodynamic Surface] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070912040546/http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/mas/worksheets/VTP_wsp.mcd |date=2007-09-12 }} * PH Gleick and associates, The World's Water: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Island Press, Washington, D.C. (published every two years, beginning in 1998.) * Marks, William E., The Holy Order of Water: Healing Earth's Waters and Ourselves. Bell Pond Books (a div. of Steiner Books), Great Barrington, MA, November 2001 [ISBN 0-88010-483-X] </div> === Banyu minangka sumber daya alam alami === <div class="references-small"> * {{cite book | title=The World's Water: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources | first=Peter H. | last=Gleick | location=Washington | publisher=Island Press}} (November 10, 2006)| ISBN 978-1-59726-105-0] * {{cite book | title=Last Oasis: Facing Water Scarcity | year=1997 | edition = 2 | first=Sandra | last=Postel | location=New York | publisher=Norton Press}} * {{cite book | title=Water Rights: Scarce Resource Allocation, Bureaucracy, and the Environment | year=1991| author=Anderson}} * {{cite book | title=Water: The Fate of Our Most Precious Resource | year=2003 | edition = revised | author=Marq de Villiers}} * {{cite book | title=Water Wars: Drought, Flood, Folly and the Politics of Thirst | year=2002 | author=Diane Raines Ward}} * {{cite book | title=Water and Power: The Politics of a Scarce Resource in the Jordan River Basin | year=1995| author=Miriam R. Lowi}} (Cambridge Middle East Library) * {{cite book | title=Rivers of Empire: Water, Aridity, and the Growth of the American West | year=1992 | first=Donald | last=Worster}} * {{cite book | title=Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water | year=1993 | first=Marc | last=Reisner}} * {{cite book | title=Blue Gold: The Fight to Stop the Corporate Theft of the World's Water | author=Maude Barlow, Tony Clarke | year=2003}} * {{cite book | title=Water Wars: Privatization, Pollution, and Profit | author=Vandana Shiva | year=2002 | id=ISBN 0-7453-1837-1}} * {{cite book | title=Troubled Water: Saints, Sinners, Truth And Lies About The Global Water Crisis | author=[[Anita Roddick]] |display-authors=etal | year=2004}} * {{cite book | title=The Holy Order of Water: Healing Earths Waters and Ourselves | author=William E. Marks | year=2001}} </div> === Wacan terusan === <div class="references-small"> * J. Lobaugh and Gregory A. Voth, ''A quantum modhèl for water: Equilibrium and dynamical properties'', [http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JCPSA6000106000006002400000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes The Journal of Chemical Physics -- February 8, 1997 -- Volume 106, Issue 6, pp. 2400-2410] doi:10.1063/1.473151 * Kyoko Watanabe and Michael L. Klein, ''Effective pair potentials and the properties of water'', [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TFM-44GG2WT-32&_user=28781&_coverDate=03%2F15%2F1989&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000002738&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=28781&md5=41af5c29ad52694f44c498b5e601caf1 Chemical Physics Volume 131, Issues 2-3 , 15 March 1989, Pages 157-167] doi:10.1016/0301-0104(89)80166-1 * Frank H. Stillinger and Aneesur Rahman, ''Improved simulation of liquid water by molecular dynamics'', [http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JCPSA6000060000004001545000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes The Journal of Chemical Physics -- February 15, 1974 -- Volume 60, Issue 4, pp. 1545-1557] doi:10.1063/1.1681229 * R. J. Speedy and C. A. Angell, ''Isothermal compressibility of supercooled water and evidence for a thermodynamic singularity at –45&nbsp;°C'', [http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JCPSA6000065000003000851000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes The Journal of Chemical Physics -- August 1, 1976 -- Volume 65, Issue 3, pp. 851-858] doi:10.1063/1.433153 </div> == Uga delengen == {{commons|Water}} [[Gambar:The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg|right|thumb|280px| '''71 %-Н₂O]] * Banyu * [[Banyu asin]] * [[Siklus banyu]] * [[Méga]] * [[Banjir]] * [[Ès]] * [[Embun]] * [[Tlaga]] * [[Hidrologi]] * [[Ujan]] * [[Laut]] * [[Salju]] * [[Kali]] * [[Desalinasi]] * [[Osmosis]] * [[Osmosis kawalik]] {{kimia panganan}} {{artikel pilihan}} [[Kategori:Ombèn-ombèn]] [[Kategori:Hidrida]] [[Kategori:Banyu]] [[Kategori:Dat kimiya]] 60nqyesdxasl0ev6oijhsq4b6zob0no 10 16941 1731602 1566621 2025-07-04T08:59:44Z 2404:C0:3D50:0:0:0:7F6:9E50 1731602 wikitext text/x-wiki * '''[[1776]]''' - Proklamasi Kamardikan Amerika Sarékat. * '''[[1927]]''' - [[Soekarno]] lan [[Tjipto Mangunkusumo|Dr. Tjipto Mangunkusumo]] ngadegaken [[Perserikatan Nasional Indonesia]] (PNI). * '''[[2011]]''' - [[Otto von Habsburg]], pulitisi, anggota kulawargi Krajan Austria-Hongaria lan anggota Parlemèn Eropah (1979-1999), tilar donya. <noinclude>[[Kategori:Cithakan dina iki|Juli 04]]</noinclude> fv5lxx37ze83mx23h6mkp1akj7vjqet 0 22227 1731571 1706072 2025-07-04T01:30:44Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731571 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Close up grapes.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Red Wine]] grapes]] {{Nutritional value | name=Anggur, abang utawa ijo | kJ=288 | protein=0.72 g | fat=0.16 g | carbs=18.1 g | fiber=0.9 g | sugars=15.48 g | glucose=7.2 g | fructose=8.13 g | sodium_mg = 3.02 | iron_mg=0.36 | calcium_mg=10 | magnesium_mg=7 | manganese_mg=0.071 | phosphorus_mg=20 | potassium_mg=191 | zinc_mg=0.07 | vitC_mg=10.8 | pantothenic_mg=0.05 | vitB6_mg=0.086 | vitB12_ug = 0 | vitK_ug = 22 | folate_ug=2 | thiamin_mg=0.069 | riboflavin_mg=0.07 | niacin_mg=0.188 | right=1 | source_usda=1 }} Wit '''anggur''' iku kalebu jinis woh-wohan ''non-[[Climacteric#In Botany|climacteric]]'' (ora usum-usuman). Tuwuh minangka tuwuhan kang tahan urip mataun-taun ([[Perennial plant|perennial]]) lan wujud wit grumbul kang mrambat ([[deciduous]] woody [[vine]]), saka ''[[génus]]'' ''[[Vitis]]''.<ref name="internet4">[http://www.binaswadaya.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=73&Itemid=137&lang=in_ID](dipunundhuh tanggal 24 April 2011)</ref> Woh anggur bisa dipangan mentahan utawa digawé ''[[jam]]'', [[grape juice|jus]], [[Jelly (fruit preserves)|jèli]], [[cuka anggur]], [[ombènan anggur]] lan [[lenga wiji anggur]].<ref name="internet5"/> Anggur tuwuh nggrombol wiwit 6 nganti 300, lan wernané bisa [[ireng]], [[biru]], [[emas]], [[ijo]], [[ungu]], [[abang]], [[jambon]],[[coklat]], ''[[peach]]'' (jambon kekuningan), utawa [[putih]].<ref name="internet4"/> Senajam mangkono, anggur "putih" sajatiné warna ijo, nanging kanthi alon-alon malih rupa sing asalé saka anggur abang.<ref name="internet5">[http://www.trubus-online.co.id/trindo7/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110402034934/http://www.trubus-online.co.id/trindo7/|date=2011-04-02}}(dipunundhuh tanggal 24 April 2011)</ref> Mutasi saka loro gèn kang temata ngendhegaké produksi ''[[anthocyanin]]'', yaiku zat sing marahi rupané anggur dadi abang.<ref>{{cite journal|title=White grapes arose through the mutation of two similar and adjacent regulatory genes|author=Walker AR, Lee E, Bogs J, McDavid DA, Thomas MR, Robinson SP|journal=Plant J|year=2007|volume=49|issue=5|pages=772–85|pmid=17316172}}</ref>. == Habitat == Anggur kalebu [[tuwuhan]] kang dimanfaatké wohé.<ref name="internet1"/> [[Anggur]] wujud tuwuhan perdu kang mrambat. Yèn nandur anggur biyasané dirambataké ing [[anjang-anjang]] utawa ing wit liyané.<ref name="internet1"/> Tuwuhan anggur bisa urip subur ing laladan dhataran cendhèk.<ref name="internet1">[http://www.warintek.ristek.go.id/pertanian/anggur.pdf - Similar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303115837/http://www.warintek.ristek.go.id/pertanian/anggur.pdf |date=2012-03-03 }}(dipunundhuh tanggal 23 April 2011)</ref> == Wit Anggur == Akèh-akèhé anggur asal saka ''[[List of grape varieties|cultivars]]'' ''[[Vitis vinifera]]'', yaiku wit anggur Éropa sing asalé saka tlatah ''Mediterranean'' lan [[Asia Tengah Minor]], dadi tuwuhan anggur jinis kang sumebar ing [[Amérika]] land [[Asia]], kaya ta: * ''[[Vitis labrusca]]'', wit anggur kanggo anggur méja lan anggur jus saka Amérika Lor, kadhangkala kanggo ombènan anggur (wine). Asalé saka [[Amérika sisih wétan]] lan [[Kanada]].<ref name="internet1"/> * ''[[Vitis riparia]]'', wit anggur alasan saka [[Amérika Lor]], kadhangkala digawé ombènan anggur lan ''jam''. Asalé saka [[Amérika sisih wétan]] lan loré [[Quebec]].<ref name="internet1"/> * ''[[Vitis rotundifolia]]'', utawa [[muscadine]], digawé ombènan lan ''jam''. Asalé saka [[Amérika kidul-wétan]] wiwit [[Delaware]] nganti [[Lempongan Meksiko]].<ref name="internet1"/> * ''[[Vitis vulpina]]'' Anggur beku. Asal saka [[Amérika Sarékat]] wiwit saka tlatah tengah-kulon wétané pasisir nganti tekan [[New York]]. * ''[[Vitis amurensis]]'' jinis paling wigati saka Asia.<ref name="internet1"/> [[Anggur Sagara]] ''[[Coccoloba uvifera]]'' iku sajatiné kaluwargané anggur ''Buckwheat'' ''[[Polygonaceae]]'' lan asalé saka pulo-pulo ing sagara [[Karibia]].<ref name="internet1"/> == Kebak ing Guna == [[Anggur]] bisa dimanfaataké kanggo nggawé produk minuman [[férméntasi]].<ref name="internet1"/> Asil fèrmèntasi anggur kang nagndhut alkohol lumrahé diarani [[Wine]], anggur uga bisa digaringké dadi [[kismis]] lan kanggo indhustri [[selai]] lan [[jeli]].<ref name="internet1"/> Anggur uga bisa dipangan kanggo [[buah]].<ref name="internet1"/> == Distribusi lan prodhuksi == [[Gambar:Palatina.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Palatina]], anggur Jerman]] [[Gambar:GrapeField.jpg|thumb|200px|Grapevines]] [[Gambar:2005grape.PNG|thumb|right|200px|Grape production in 2005]] Miturut "Food and Agriculture Organization" (FAO), 75,866&nbsp;km² lumahing bumi dinggoni tuwuhan anggur.<ref name="internet5"/> Kira-kira 71% prodhuksi anggur donya digawé ombènan anggur (''wine''), 27% dadi panganan woh seger, lan 2% digaringaké.<ref name="internet5"/> Sapérangan prodhuksi anggur dianggo nggawé jus anggur kanggo ''pemanis'' woh-wohan kalèng kang tanpa tambahan [[gula]] lan "100% alami".<ref name="internet5"/> Tlatah kebon anggur tansaya tambah kira-kira 2% saben taun.<ref name="internet5"/> Tabel ing ngisor iki minangka pratélan prodhusèn anggur kang pinunjul ing donya.: {|class="wikitable" !Nagara !Ambané tlatah kebon anggur |- | Spanyol | align="center"| 11.750&nbsp;km² |- | Prancis | align="center"| 8.640&nbsp;km² |- | Italia | align="center"| 8.270&nbsp;km² |- | Turki | align="center"| 8.120&nbsp;km² |- | Amérika Sarékat | align="center"| 4.150&nbsp;km² |- | Iran | align="center"| 2.860&nbsp;km² |- | Rumania | align="center"| 2.480&nbsp;km² |- | Portugal | align="center"| 2.160&nbsp;km² |- | Argentina | align="center"| 2.080&nbsp;km² |- | Australia | align="center"| 1.642&nbsp;km² |- | Inggris | align="center"| 10,53&nbsp;km² |} Sumber: FAO, [http://news.reseau-concept.net/images/oiv_uk/Client/Stat_2002_def2_EN.pdf Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (pdf)], [https://www.awbc.com.au/winefacts/data/free.asp?subcatid=102 Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080722082133/http://www.awbc.com.au/winefacts/data/free.asp?subcatid=102 |date=2008-07-22 }}. == Jinise == Jinise anggur yaiku kaya kang katulis ing ngisor iki.<ref name="internet2">[http://www.iptek.net.id/ind/teknologi_pangan/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120115083255/http://www.iptek.net.id/ind/teknologi_pangan/|date=2012-01-15}}(dipunundhuh tanggal 23 April 2011)</ref> * [[Anggur abang]] * [[Anggur ijo]] * Anggur kuning * Anggur ireng * [[Anggur]] [[Australia]] * Anggur [[Bali]] * Anggur Chifung * Anggur Chinsiang * Anggur Delaware * Anggur Gros Colman 12 * Anggur Isabela 1 * Anggur [[Probolinggo]] Biru 81 * Anggur Probolinggo [[Putih]] 14 * Anggur [[Turki]] * Anggur White Malaga == Deleng uga == * [[List of grape varieties]] * [[Grape and raisin toxicity in dogs]] == Pranala njaba == {{wiktionarypar|grape}}{{Commons category|Grapes}} * [http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=28600 Integrated Taxonomic Information System entry for Grape family] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060928004210/http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=28600 |date=2006-09-28 }} * [http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/agrista/2004/table_en/4611.pdf Area under vine (pdf)] * [http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/StratfordLandingES/Ecology/mpages/wild_grape.htm Wild Grapes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070907154557/http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/StratfordLandingES/Ecology/mpages/wild_grape.htm |date=2007-09-07 }} * [http://www.twis.info/grapes.php 300 Grape Varieties for Wine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810191933/http://www.twis.info/grapes.php |date=2007-08-10 }} * [http://encyclowine.org/index.php/Main_Page Wine Wiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820042342/http://encyclowine.org/index.php/Main_Page |date=2008-08-20 }} * [http://www.safecrop.org/english/output/proceedings.html SAFECROP - Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Grapevine Downy and Powdery Mildew] * [http://whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=nutrientprofile&dbid=55 World's Healthiest Foods, in-depth nutrient profile for grapes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090717050838/http://whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=nutrientprofile&dbid=55 |date=2009-07-17 }} == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} {{Woh-wohan}} [[Kategori:Woh-wohan]] [[Kategori:Tetanèn]] [[Kategori:Vitaceae]] dmbiutda2yoxzheo8npsjsn4tze8ujm 0 24344 1731604 1714738 2025-07-04T11:03:19Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Elementbox_header | number=35 | symbol=Br | name=bromine | left=[[selenium]] | right=[[krypton]] | above=[[chlorine|Cl]] | below=[[iodine|I]] | color1=#ffff99 | color2=blue }} {{Elementbox_series | [[halogen]]s }} {{Elementbox_groupperiodblock | group=17 | period=4 | block=p }} {{Elementbox_appearance_img | Br,35| gas/liquid: red-brown<br />solid: metallic luster }} {{Elementbox_atomicmass_gpm | [[1 E-25 kg|79.904]][[List of elements by atomic mass|(1)]] }} {{Elementbox_econfig | &#91;[[argon|Ar]]&#93; 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵ }} {{Elementbox_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 7 }} {{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=blue }} {{Elementbox_phase | [[liquid]] }} {{Elementbox_density_gpcm3nrt | (Br₂, liquid) 3.1028 }} {{Elementbox_meltingpoint | k=265.8 | c=-7.2 | f=19 }} {{Elementbox_boilingpoint | k=332.0 | c=58.8 | f=137.8 }} {{Elementbox_criticalpoint | k=588 | mpa=10.34 }} {{Elementbox_heatfusion_kjpmol | (Br₂) 10.571 }} {{Elementbox_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | (Br₂) 29.96 }} {{Elementbox_heatcapacity_jpmolkat25 | (Br₂)<br />75.69 }} {{Elementbox_vaporpressure_katpa | 185 | 201 | 220 | 244 | 276 | 332 | comment= }} {{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=blue }} {{Elementbox_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }} {{Elementbox_oxistates | 5, 4,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/Br/Br1O2-21255834.html|title=Bromine: bromine(IV) oxide compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=WebElements.com}}</ref> 3,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/Br/Br1F3-7787715.html|title=Bromine: bromine(III) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=WebElements.com}}</ref> 1, -1<br />(strongly [[acid]]ic oxide) }} {{Elementbox_electroneg_pauling | 2.96 }} {{Elementbox_ionizationenergies4 | 1139.9 | 2103 | 3470 }} {{Elementbox_atomicradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|115]] }} {{Elementbox_atomicradiuscalc_pm | [[1 E-11 m|94]] }} {{Elementbox_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|114]] }} {{Elementbox_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|185]] }} {{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffff99 | color2=blue }} {{Elementbox_magnetic | nonmagnetic }} {{Elementbox_eresist_ohmmat20 | 7.8×10¹⁰ }} {{Elementbox_thermalcond_wpmkat300k | 0.122 }} {{Elementbox_speedofsound_mps | (20&nbsp;°C) ? 206 }} {{Elementbox_cas_number | 7726-95-6 }} {{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffff99 | color2=blue }} {{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=79 | sym=Br | na=50.69% | n=44 }} {{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=81 | sym=Br | na=49.31% | n=46 }} {{Elementbox_isotopes_end}} {{Elementbox_footer | color1=#ffff99 | color2=blue }} '''Brom''' utawa ''Bromine'' ({{pronEng|ˈbroʊmiːn/, /ˈbroʊmaɪn/, /ˈbroʊmɪn}}, {{lang-el|βρῶμος, ''brómos''}}, iku [[unsur kimia]] kanthi simbul '''Br''' lan [[nomer atom]] 35. <!-- A [[halogen]] element, bromine is a red [[Volatility (chemistry)|volatile]] liquid at [[Standard conditions for temperature and pressure|standard room temperature]] that is intermediate in reactivity between [[chlorine]] and [[iodine]]. Bromine vapours are [[corrosive]] and [[toxic]]. Approximately 730,000,000 kg was produced in 1993.<ref name=Ullmann>Jack F. Mills "Bromine" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology Wiley-VCH Verlag; Weinheim, 2002. DOI: 10.1002/14356007.a04_391</ref> The main applications for bromine are in [[fire retardant]]s and fine chemicals. == History == {{Expand-section|date=December 2007}} Bromine was discovered independently by two chemists [[Antoine Jerome Balard|Antoine Balard]] and [[Carl Jacob Löwig]] in 1825 and 1826. Balard found bromide salts in the ash of sea weed from the [[salt marsh]]es of [[Montpellier]] in [[1826]]. The seaweed was used to produce iodine, but also contained bromine. [[Carl Jacob Löwig]] working at the laboratory of [[Leopold Gmelin]] produced elemental bromine by reacting mineral salts, which contained bromides, with chlorine gas. The publication of the results was delayed and Balard published his results first. Bromine was not produced in quantity until [[1860]]. The French chemist and physicist [[Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac]] suggested the name bromine due to the characteristic smell of the vapors. Some also suggest that it may have been discovered by [[Bernard Courtois]], the man who discovered iodine.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements/elem/br.html | title = Bromine | publisher = vanderkrogt.net }}</ref> == Isotopes == {{main|Isotopes of bromine}} {{Expand-section|date=December 2007}} Bromine has 2 stable isotopes: Br-79 (50.69%) and Br-81 (49.31%). At least another 23<ref>{{cite book | author=GE Nuclear Energy | title=Chart of the Nuclides, 14th Edition | year=1989 }}</ref> isotopes are known to exist. Many of the bromine isotopes are fission products. Several of the heavier bromine isotopes from fission are delayed neutron emitters. All of the radioactive bromine isotopes are relatively short lived. The longest half life is the neutron deficient Br-77 at 2.376 days. The longest half life on the neutron rich side is Br-82 at 1.471 days. A number of the bromine isotopes exhibit metastable isomers. Stable Br-79 exhibits a radioactive isomer, with a half life of 4.86 seconds. It decays by isomeric transition to the stable ground state. == Notable characteristics == Bromine is the only liquid [[nonmetal]]lic element at room temperature and one of only six elements on the periodic table that are liquid at or close to room temperature. The pure chemical element has the physical form of a [[diatomic molecule]], Br₂. It is a dense, mobile, reddish-brown liquid, that evaporates easily at [[standard temperature and pressure]]s to give a red vapor (its color resembles [[nitrogen dioxide]]) that has a strong disagreeable odor resembling that of [[chlorine]]. Bromine is a [[halogen]], and is less reactive than [[chlorine]] and more reactive than [[iodine]]. Bromine is slightly [[solubility|soluble]] in [[water (molecule)|water]], and highly soluble in [[carbon disulfide]], [[aliphatic]] [[alcohol]]s (such as [[methanol]]), and [[acetic acid]]. It [[chemical bond|bonds]] easily with many elements and has a strong [[Bleach (chemical)|bleaching]] action. Bromine, like chlorine, is also used in pool maintenance. Certain bromine-related compounds have been evaluated to have an [[ozone depletion potential]] or bioaccumulate in living organisms. As a result many industrial bromine compounds are no longer manufactured, are being restricted, or scheduled for phasing out. Bromine is a powerful [[oxidizing agent]]. It reacts vigorously with metals, especially in the presence of water, as well as most organic compounds, especially upon [[photochemistry|illumination]]. Bromine has no known role in human health. Organobromine compounds do occur naturally, a famous example being [[Tyrian purple]]. Most organobromine compounds in nature arise via the action of [[vanadium bromoperoxidase]]. == Occurrence and production == :''See also [[:Category:Halide minerals|Halide minerals]].'' [[Image:Bromine - world production trend.svg|thumb|left|World bromine production trend]] The diatomic element Br₂ does not occur naturally. Instead, bromine exists exclusively as [[Bromide|bromide salts]] in diffuse amounts in [[crust (geology)|crustal]] rock. Due to [[leaching]], bromide salts have accumulated in sea water (85 [[part per million|ppm]]), but at a lower concentration than chloride. Bromine may be economically recovered from bromide-rich brine wells and from the [[Dead Sea]] waters (up to 50000 ppm). Approximately 500,000 metric tons (worth around US$350 million) of bromine are produced per year (2001) worldwide with the [[United States]] and [[Israèl]] being the primary producers. Bromine production has increased sixfold since the 1960s. The largest bromine reserve in the United States is located in [[Columbia County, Arkansas|Columbia]] and [[Union County, Arkansas]], U.S.<ref>[http://www.cals.lib.ar.us/butlercenter/lesson_plans/lesson%20plans/Lesson%20plans-retained/Bromine.pdf Bromine:An Important Arkansas Industry], Butler Center for Arkansas Studies</ref> Israèl's bromine reserves are contained in the waters of the [[Dead Sea]]. The bromide-rich brines are treated with chlorine gas, flushing through with air. In this treatment, bromide anions are oxidized to bromine by the chlorine gas. :2 Br⁻ + Cl₂ → 2 Cl⁻ + Br₂ Because of its commercial availability and long shelf-life, bromine is not typically prepared. Small amounts of bromine can however be generated through the reaction of solid [[sodium bromide]] with concentrated [[sulfuric acid]] (H₂SO₄). The first stage is formation of [[hydrogen bromide]] (HBr), which is a gas, but under the reaction conditions some of the HBr is oxidized further by the sulfuric acid to form bromine (Br₂) and [[sulfur dioxide]] (SO₂). :NaBr (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → HBr (aq) + NaHSO₄ (aq) :2 HBr (aq) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → Br₂ (g) + SO₂ (g) + 2 H₂O (l) Similar alternatives, such as the use of dilute [[hydrochloric acid]] with [[sodium hypochlorite]], are also available. The most important thing is that the [[anion]] of the [[acid]] (in the above examples, [[sulfate]] and [[chloride]], respectively) be more [[electronegative]] than bromine, allowing the [[substitution reaction]] to occur. ==Compounds== {{Expand-section|date=December 2007}} {{seealso|Category:Bromine compounds}} ====Organic chemistry==== Organic compounds are brominated by either [[Addition reaction|addition]] or [[Substitution (chemistry)|substitution reactions]]. Bromine undergoes electrophilic addition to the double-bonds of [[alkene]]s, via a cyclic bromonium intermediate. In non-aqueous solvents such as [[carbon disulfide]], this affords the di-bromo product. For example, reaction with [[ethylene]] will produce [[1,2-Dibromoethane|1,2-dibromoethane]]. Bromine also undergoes electrophilic addition to [[phenol]]s and [[aniline]]s. When used as bromine water, the corresponding [[halohydrin formation reaction|bromohydrin is formed]] instead. So reliable is the reactivity or bromine that bromine water is employed as a reagent to test for the presence alkenes, phenols, and anilines. Like the other halogens, bromine participates in [[free radical reaction]]s. For example hydrocarbons are brominated upon treatment with bromine in the presence of light. Bromine, sometimes with a catalytic amount of [[phosphorus]], easily brominates [[carboxylic acid]]s at the α-position. This method, the [[Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction]], is the basis of the commercial route to [[bromoacetic acid]]. [[N-Bromosuccinimide|''N''-Bromosuccinimide]] is commonly used as a substitute for elemental bromine, being easier to handle, and reacting more mildly and thus more selectively. Organic bromides are often preferable relative to the less reactive chlorides and more expensive iodide-containing reagents. Thus, [[Grignard]] and organolithium compound are most often generated from the corresponding bromides. ====Inorganic chemistry==== Bromine is an oxidizer, and it will oxidize [[iodide]] ions to iodine, being itself reduced to [[bromide]]: : Br₂ + 2 I⁻ → 2 Br⁻ + I₂ Bromine will also oxidize metals and metaloids to the corresponding bromides. [[Anhydrous]] bromine is less reactive toward many metals than hydrated bromine, however. Dry bromine reacts vigorously with [[aluminium]], [[titanium]], [[mercury (element)|mercury]] as well as [[alkaline earth metal|alkaline earth]]s and [[alkali metal]]s. ==Applications== A wide variety of organobromine compounds are used in [[industry]]. Some are prepared from bromine and others are prepared from [[hydrogen bromide]], which is obtained by burning [[hydrogen]] in bromine.<ref name=Ullmann/> Illustrative of the addition reaction<ref>{{OrgSynth | author = N. A. Khan, F. E. Deatherage, and J. B. Brown | title = Stearolic Acid | collvol = 4 | collvolpages = 851| year = 1963 | prep = CV4P0851}}</ref> is the preparation of [[1,2-Dibromoethane]], the organobromine compound produced in the largest amounts: :C₂H₄ + Br₂ → CH₂BrCH₂Br Ethylene bromide is an additive in gasolines containing lead anti-[[engine knocking]] agents. It scavenges lead by forming volatile lead bromide, which is exhausted from the engine. This application has declined since the 1970s due to environmental regulations. Ethylene bromide is also used as a fumigant, but again this application is declining. [[Brominated flame retardant]]s represent a commodity of growing importance. Specific compound used produced for this purpose include [[tetrabromobisphenol A]], [[decabromodiphenyl ether]], and [[vinyl bromide]]. The bromides of calcium, sodium, and zinc account for a sizable part of the bromine market. These salts form dense solutions in water that are used as [[drilling fluid]]s. Miscellaneous uses: *Several [[dye]]s, agrichemicals, and [[pharmaceutical]]s are organobromine compounds. 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane, 1-bromoethylbenzene, and 1-bromoalkanes are prepared by the [[markovnikov rule|antimarkovnikov addition]] of HBr to alkenes. [[Ethidium bromide]], EtBr, is used as a [[DNA]] stain in [[gel electrophoresis]]. * Bromine is also used in for the production of [[brominated vegetable oil]], which is used as an [[emulsifier]] in many [[citrus]]-flavored [[soft drinks]]. * High [[refractive index]] compounds * [[Water purification]] compounds, [[Disinfectants]] * Potassium bromide is used in some photographic developers to inhibit the formation of fog (undesired reduction of silver). == Safety == Elemental bromine is toxic and [[irritant|causes burns]]. As an [[oxidizing]] agent, it is incompatible with most organic and inorganic compounds. Care needs to taken when transporting bromine, it is commonly carried in steel tanks lined with lead, supported by strong metal frames. When certain ionic compounds containing Bromine are mixed with Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄), they will form a pale brown cloud of Bromine gas. This gas smells like bleach and is very irritating to the mucus membranes. This form of Bromine will appear to diffuse slowly, but it will suddenly disappear. Upon exposure, one should move to fresh air immediately. If symptoms arise, medical attention is needed. --> == Rujukan == <references/> * [http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/35.html Los Alamos National Laboratory – Bromine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206110931/http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/35.html |date=2010-12-06 }} == Pranala njaba == {{Commons|Bromine}} {{wiktionary|bromine}} * [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Br/index.html WebElements.com – Bromine] * [http://www.theodoregray.com/PeriodicTable/Elements/035/index.s7.html Theodoregray.com – Bromine] * [http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/bromine USGS Minerals Information: Bromine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109055154/http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/bromine |date=2019-01-09 }} * [http://www.bsef.com/ Bromine Science and Environmental Forum (BSEF)] * [http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/MAS/Worksheets/HEDH/5-5-14-43-54/Tab-5-5-14-54-BROMINE-Thermal.mcd Thermal Conductivity of BROMINE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013113919/http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/MAS/Worksheets/HEDH/5-5-14-43-54/Tab-5-5-14-54-BROMINE-Thermal.mcd |date=2007-10-13 }} * [http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/MAS/Worksheets/HEDH/5-5-14-43-54/Tab-5-5-14-54-BROMINE-Viscosity.mcd Viscisity of BROMINE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013113927/http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/MAS/Worksheets/HEDH/5-5-14-43-54/Tab-5-5-14-54-BROMINE-Viscosity.mcd |date=2007-10-13 }} {{Èlemèndiatomik}} {{clear}} {{Tabel périodik unsur kimia}} [[Kategori:Unsur kimia]] [[Kategori:Halogen]] [[Kategori:Bromine|*]] 69e5vh83928qg5pzw95h2pobdkkgm7c 0 65726 1731564 1664634 2025-07-03T23:58:58Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731564 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aksara Arab''' sing kadhangkala ingaran abjad hija'iyah, asal saka aksara [[Aramaik]] (saka basa Syria lan Nabatea), ing ngendi abjad Aram ana kamiripan karo abjad Koptik lan Yunani. Katon prabédan panulisan antara Magribi lan Wétan Tengah. Antara liya panulisan aksara qaf lan fa. Ing tlatah Maghribi, aksara qaf lan fa ditulis nganggo titik ing ngisor lan siji titik ing dhuwré. == Aksara == {{Arabic alphabet}} {| {{prettytable}} border cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" |-bgcolor="#ffff00" ! Aksra ! Pocapan |- | ا | alif |- | ب | ba |- | ت | ta |- | ث | tsa |- | ج | jim |- | ح | ḥa |- | خ | kho |- | د | dal |- | ذ | dzal |- | ر | ro |- | ز | zay |- | س | sin |- | ش | syin |- | ص | ṣod |- | ض | ḍod |- | ط | ṭo |- | ظ | ẓo |- | ع | 'ain |- | غ | ghoin |- | ف | fa |- | ق | qof |- | ك | kaf |- | ل | lam |- | م | mim |- | ن | nun |- | و | wau |- | هـ | ha |- | لا | lam alif |- | ﺀ | hamzah |- | ي | ya |} == Dhialèk == "Arab Umum" utawa "Al-'Arabiyyah Al-'Ammiyah" iku basa Arab sing dianggo ing pacelathon sadina-dina ing tlatah Arab, lan béda banget karo Basa Arab tulisan. Prabédan dhialèk paling utama yaiku antara Afrika Lor (Magribi) lan pérangan wétan Tengah (Hijaz). Faktor sing njalari prabédan dhialèk basa Arab yaiku prabawa [[substrat]] (basa sing dipigunakaké sadurungé basa Arab teka). Upamané ing tembung yakūn (tegesé "iku"), ing Irak ingaran ''aku'', ing Palestina ''fih'', lan ing Magribi ingaran ''kayən''. Pratélan dhialèk utama ing Arab: * [[Dhialèk Meṣir]] مصري: Dianggo déning watarar 76 yuta rakyat [[Mesir|Meṣir]]. * [[Dhialèk Maghribi]] مغربي: Dianggo déning watara 20 yuta rakyat Afrika Lor. * [[Dhialèk Levantine]]: Disebut uga Dhialèk Syam. Dianggo ing Syria, Palestina, Lebanon lan Gréja Maronit Siprus. * [[Dhialèk Iraq]] عراقي: Nduwèni prabédan mirunggan, yaiku prabédan dhialèk ing lor lan kidul [[Iraq]] * [[Dhialèk Arab Timur]] بحريني: Dianggo ing Oman, ing Arab Saudi lan ing Irak pérangan Barat. * [[Dhialèk Lempongan]] خليجي: Dianggo ing laladan Lempongan, yaiku ing Qatar, Uni Emirat Arab lan Saudi Arabia. Sauntara dhialèk liya yaiku: * [[Ḥassānīya]] حساني: Dianggo ing Mauritania lan Sahara Kulon * [[Dhialèk Sudan]] سوداني: Dianggo ing Sudan lan Chad * [[Dhialèk Ḥijazi]] حجازي: Dianggo ing laladan kulon lan lor Arab Saudi lan wétan Yordania * [[Dhialèk Najd]] نجدي: Dianggo ing [[Najd]], [[Arab Saudi]] * [[Dhialèk Yamani]] يمني: Dianggo ing [[Yaman]] * [[Dhialèk Andalus]] أندلسي: Dianggo ing [[Al-Andalus|Andalus]] nganti abad angka 17 * [[Dhialèk Sisilia]] سقلي: Dianggo ing Sisilia * [[Basa Malta|Malta]] == Deleng uga == * [[Basa Arab]] == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.user.uni-hannover.de/nhtcapri/arabic-alphabet.html The Arabic Alphabet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808111447/http://www.user.uni-hannover.de/nhtcapri/arabic-alphabet.html |date=2009-08-08 }} showing the different glyphs for each letter and its code position in Unicode * [http://www.arabic2000.com/arabic/alphabet.html Alphabet, with sound, just click on a letter] * [http://purl.oclc.org/NET/arabe/alalifba.en.html Arabic Alphabet Table] pronunciation of the letters, and instructions to write them. * [http://www.naturalarabic.com/free_article.php?artid=10150 Arabic Alphabet] with sound and lessons * [http://www.al-bab.com/arab/visual/calligraphy.htm Arabic writing and calligraphy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030622235221/http://www.al-bab.com/Arab/visual/calligraphy.htm |date=2003-06-22 }} * [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/arabic.htm Article about Arabic alphabet] * [http://www.islamicart.com/main/calligraphy/ Arabic alphabet and calligraphy] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070110234113/http://members.aol.com/OlivThill/aralpha/aral10.htm (freeware) to learn the characters] * [http://www.uga.edu/islam/arabic_windows.html Guide to the use of Arabic in Windows, major word processors and web browsers] * [http://www.theiling.de/schrift/#arabic Learn the Arabic Script Online] * [http://www.madinaharabic.com/Arabic_Reading_Course/AR_Lesson_001.htm Madinaharabic.com: Free Arabic Reading and Language Course (with sound)] * [http://www.theiling.de/schrift/ Arabic Alphabet Quiz] Choose the "Arabic" link. * [http://i-cias.com/babel/arabic/ Babel Arabic Writing Explanation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415144611/http://i-cias.com/babel/arabic/ |date=2008-04-15 }} * [http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&item_id=SitesOnScriptsAndWSs Site on Scripts and Writing Systems]: A long list of links to sites dealing with issues of scripts. * [http://www.mesiti.it/arabic/wiki/wiki.asp?db=WikiAsp&o=ArabicLetters1 Arabic alphabet stroke directions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009114803/http://www.mesiti.it/arabic/wiki/wiki.asp?db=WikiAsp&o=ArabicLetters1 |date=2007-10-09 }} [[Kategori:Aksara Arab]] {{basa-stub}} kezylqjxe8jbg0384o4l59vjw1fdr27 0 76875 1731567 1635454 2025-07-04T00:20:39Z Д.Ильин 15499 1731567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chembox | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 408395489 | ImageFileL1 = Ammonia-dimensions-from-Greenwood&Earnshaw-2D.svg | ImageSizeL1 = 125px | ImageNameL1 = Stereo structural formula of ammonia | ImageFileR1 = Ammonia-3D-balls-A.png | ImageSizeR1 = 115px | ImageNameR1 = Ball and stick model of ammonia | IUPACName = Azane | OtherNames = Hydrogen nitride<br /> Trihydrogen nitride<br /> Nitro-Sil | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | InChI = 1/H3N/h1H3 | InChIKey = QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYAF | CASNo = 7664-41-7 | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | PubChem = 222 | PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite}} | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 1160819 | ChemSpiderID = 217 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | UNII = 5138Q19F1X | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | EINECS = 231-635-3 | UNNumber = 1005 | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = D02916 | MeSHName = Ammonia | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 16134 | RTECS = BO0875000 | SMILES = N | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/H3N/h1H3 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N | Beilstein = 3587154 | Gmelin = 79 | 3DMet = B00004}} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = NH₃ | MolarMass = 17.031 g/mol | Appearance = Colourless gas with strong pungent odour | Density = 0.86&nbsp;kg/m³ (1.013 bar at boiling point)<br />0.73&nbsp;kg/m³ (1.013 bar at 15&nbsp;°C)<br />681.9&nbsp;kg/m³ at −33.3&nbsp;°C (liquid)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=qPGzhL3Y50YC&pg=PA132|page=132|title=Systematic Inorganic Chemistry|author=Yost, Don M.|chapter=Ammonia and Liquid Ammonia Solutions|publisher=READ BOOKS|year=2007|isbn=1-4067-7302-6}}</ref><br />817&nbsp;kg/m³ at -80&nbsp;°C (transparent solid)<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/00337577508240819|title=On crystalline character of transparent solid ammonia|year=1975|author=Blum, Alexander|journal=Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids|volume=24|issue=4|page=277}}</ref> | MeltingPtC = −77.73 | BoilingPtC = −33.34 | Solubility = 47% (0&nbsp;°C) <br /> 31% (25&nbsp;°C) <br /> 28% (50&nbsp;°C)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA17|page=17|title=Handbook of inorganic compounds |author=Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L.|publisher=CRC Press|year=1995|isbn=0-8493-8671-3}}</ref> | SolubleOther = | Solvent = | pKa = 32.5 (-33&nbsp;°C),<ref>Perrin, D.D., ''Ionisation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution''; 2nd Ed., Pergamon Press: Oxford, '''1982'''.</ref> 10.5 (DMSO) | pKb = 4.75 | RefractIndex = }} | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | MolShape = [[Trigonal pyramid (chemistry)|Trigonal pyramid]] | Dipole = 1.42 [[Debye|D]] }} | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | GHSPictograms = {{GHSp|GHS04}}{{GHSp|GHS05}}{{GHSp|GHS06}}{{GHSp|GHS09}}<ref name="sigma">{{SigmaLink | Productgroup = Fluka | Productcode = 09682 | Accessdate = June 6, 2011 }}</ref> | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|221|280|314|331|400}}<ref name="sigma" /> | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|261|273|280|305+351+338|310}}<ref name="sigma" /> | External MSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0414.htm ICSC 0414] (anhydrous) | EUIndex = 007-001-00-5 (anhydrous)<br />007-001-01-2 (solutions) | EUClass = Toxic ('''T''')<br />Corrosive ('''C''')<br />Dangerous for the environment ('''N''') | NFPA-H = 3 | NFPA-F = 1 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-O = | RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R23}}, {{R34}}, {{R50}} | SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S9}}, {{S16}}, {{S26}}, {{S36/37/39}}, {{S45}}, {{S61}} | FlashPt = flammable gas (''see text'') | Autoignition = 651&nbsp;°C | ExploLimits = 15–28% | PEL = 50 ppm (25 ppm [[ACGIH]]- TLV; 35 ppm [[STEL]]) }} | Section8 = {{Chembox Related | OtherAnions = | OtherCations = [[Phosphine]]<br />[[Arsine]]<br />[[Stibine]] | OtherFunctn = [[Hydrazine]]<br />[[Hydrazoic acid]] | Function = nitrogen hydrides | OtherCpds = [[Ammonium hydroxide]] }} }} '''Amonia''' ya iku [[senyawa kimia]] kang duwé [[rumus kimia|rumus]] [[nitrogen|N]][[hidrogen|H₃]].<ref name="PubChem">[http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=8011146 PubChem Substance Summary], last accessed May 7 2007</ref> Lumrahé senyawa iki ana ing wujud [[gas]] kanthi ambu kang landhep lan kang khas (dikenal [[ambu amonia]]).<ref name="PubChem"/> Amonia duwé fungsi kang wigati kanggo [[nutrisi]] ana ing [[bumi]], amonia dhéwé ya iku [[senyawa]] [[kaustik]] kan bisa ngrusak kaséhatan.<ref name="PubChem"/> [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration|Administrasi Keselamatan lan Keséhatan Pekerjaan]] [[Amérikah Sarékat]] mènèhi wates 15 menit kanggo kontak karo amonia ana ing gas [[konsèntrasi|berkonsentrasi]] 35 [[ppm]] volum, utawa 8 jam kanggo 25 ppm volum.<ref name="PubChem"/> Kontak karo [[gas]] amonia kang konsentrasine dhuwur bisa nyebabake kerusakan ing [[paru-paru]] malah bisa nganti nyebabake [[mati]].<ref name="PubChem"/> Amonia ana ing AS diatur dadi gas kang ora gampang kobong nanging amonia isih dilebokaké ana ing golongan bahan [[racun|mawa racun]] yèn kasedhot nalika ambegan, lan nalika ngangkud amonia kang cacahé punjul 3.500 galon (13,248 L) kudu dibarengi karo surat izin.<ref name="PubChem"/> Amonia kang dipigunakaké kanggo komersial dijenengi ''amonia anhidrat''.<ref name="PubChem"/> Istilah iki nuduhaké ora mung amarga anané banyu ing bahan iku.<ref name="PubChem"/> Amarga amonia umob ana ing suhu -33&nbsp;°C, cuwèran amonia kudu disimpen ana ing [[tekanan]] dhuwur utawa [[temperatur]] cendhèk banget.<ref name="PubChem"/> Perkara kang kaya mau, nanging [[kalor penguapan]]e dhuwur banget nganti bisa ditangani karo [[tabung reaksi]] biyasa ana ing njeroné [[sungkup beluk]].<ref name="PubChem"/> "Amonia rumah" utawa ''[[amonium hidroksida]]'' ya iku larutan NH₃ ing njero banyu.<ref name="PubChem"/> Konsentrasi larutan iku diukur ana ing ékan [[skala Baumé|baumé]].<ref name="PubChem"/> Produk larutan komersial amonia kang konsentrasiné dhuwur racaké duwé 26 derajat baumé (watarar 30 persèn saka boboté amonia ing 15.5&nbsp;°C).<ref name="PubChem"/> == Rujukan == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == [[Kategori:Kimiya]] {{Stub}} onrqt3s6cgtpndzial93hp0n6xz72j7 0 78918 1731606 1655354 2025-07-04T11:24:45Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731606 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Sudjatmiko.jpg|thumb|Budiman Sudjatmiko]] '''Budiman Sudjatmiko''' (lair ing [[Cilacap]], [[Jawa Tengah]], [[10 Maret]] [[1970]]; umur {{umur|1970|3|10}} taun) inggih punika [[aktivis]] saking [[Parté Rakyat Demokratik]] ingkang salajengipun damel panjenenganipun dipunukum déning pamaréntah [[Ordhe Anyar|Ordhe ènggal]] lan dipunvonis 13 taun ukuman kunjara.<ref name="internet1"/> Amargi kamenanganipun obahan dhémokrasi, Budiman namung dipunkunjara 3,5 taun kémawon sasampunipun dipunparingi [[amnesti]] déning [[Prèsidhen]] [[Abdurrahman Wahid]] ing tanggal [[10 Dhésèmber]] [[1999]].<ref name="internet1">[http://budimansudjatmiko.net/profil ''Profil Budiman Sudjatmiko] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819084432/http://www.budimansudjatmiko.net/profil |date=2011-08-19 }} dipunundhuh tanggal 19 Agustus 2011)</ref> == Karier == Budiman sudjatmiko sampun aktif ing pirang-pirang kagiyatan dhiskusi lan organisasi wiwit lenggah ing [[SMP]].<ref name="internet1"/> Nalika wekdal kuliahipun ing Fakultas Ékonomi [[Universitas Gajah Mada]], panjenenganipun naté ndhérék obahan [[mahasiswa]].<ref name="internet1"/> Salajengipun sadangunipun kirang langkung sekawan taun, panjenenganipun ndhèrèk ''community organizer'' ingkang ngawontenaken prosés pambardayan pulitik, organisasi lan ékonomi ing kaum tani lan buruh perkebunan ing wewengkon [[Jawa Tengah]] lan [[Jawa Wétan]].<ref name="internet1"/> Amargi kegiatanipun punika, Budiman boten saged nglajengaken kuliahipun ngantos purna.<ref name="internet1"/> Budiman dipunkunjara amargi wonten pradugi bilih Budiman dados "dhalang" prastawa [[27 Juli]].<ref name="internet2">[http://kanalpemilu.net/berita/Budiman%20Sujatmiko%20Srigala%20Di%20kandang%20Banteng ''Budiman Sujatmiko: Srigala di Kandang Banteng''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821053843/http://www.kanalpemilu.net/berita/Budiman%20Sujatmiko%20Srigala%20Di%20kandang%20Banteng |date=2011-08-21 }} dipunundhuh tanggal 19 Agustus 2011)</ref> Sasampunipun mlebet kunjara, Budiman lajeng kuliyah ing [[Universitas London]] kanthi mendhet jurusan Ilmu Pulitik lan Master Hubungan Internasional ing [[Universitas Cambridge]], [[Inggris]].<ref name="internet1"/> Sakonduripun dhateng [[Indonésia]], ing taun [[2004]] Budiman mlebet [[Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan|PDI Perjuangan]].<ref name="internet1"/><ref name="internet2"/> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} == Pranala njawi == * [http://www.budimansudjatmiko.net/ Situs web resmi Budiman Sudjatmiko]{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sudjatmiko, Budiman}} [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Lair 1970]] [[Kategori:Aktivis Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Anggota DPR 2009-2014]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa Tengah]] {{indo-bio-stub}} ed20pzuzblq8sdf9bpsi3fznqp90mm1 0 80007 1731545 1652010 2025-07-03T16:54:53Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731545 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Panel Almaqah Louvre DAO18.jpg|thumb|Prasasti warga Saba']] [[Gambar:BronzeManNashqum.jpg|thumb|"manungsa perunggu" tinemu ing Al Bayda', Yaman | Al Bayda' (Nashqum kuna, [[karajan Saba]]). Nalika abad ka-6 - 5 SM. ana ing [[Museum Louvre]]]] '''Wong Saba''' ({{lang-ar|السبأيين}}) iku bebrayan kuna kang nggunakaké [[basa Arab]] kidul kuna kang manggon ing [[Yaman]], ing kulon kidul [[Ujung Arab]]; wiwit 2000 SM nganti abad ka-8 SM. Ana bebrayan Saba' kang manggon ing [[D'mt]], kang ana ing sisih lor [[Ethiopia]] lan [[Eritrea]]. == Ètimologi == Jeneg Saba' dijupuk saka jeneng raja pisanan ya iku [[Saba' bin Yasjib bin Ya'rib bin Qahthận]]. == Sajarah == Saba' ceritane diwiwiti karo dibangun ing kidul jazirah Arab nalika abad ka-11 sadurungé masehi, iku wujud peradaban kang gedhé. Al Quran nyaritakaké Ratu Saba lan Nabi [[Sulaiman]] kanthi gamblang. Saliyané iku uga ana carita ngenani Kaum Saba' ing Al Quran kang isiné prakara matine kaum Saba'.<ref name="lkm">{{Cite web |url=http://www.fadhilza.com/2009/02/tadabbur/kaum-saba-dan-banjir-%E2%80%98arim.html |title=www.fadhilza.com;Kaum Saba' lan Banjir 'Rim |access-date=2011-09-04 |archive-date=2011-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810224158/http://www.fadhilza.com/2009/02/tadabbur/kaum-saba-dan-banjir-%E2%80%98arim.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ulisan tuwa dhéwé kang isiné prakara Kaum Saba' ana ing cathetan taunan perang wiwit jaman raja [[Assyria]], Sargon II.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bangsamusnah.com/peoplesaba.html |title=www.bangsamusnah.com |access-date=2011-09-04 |archive-date=2012-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323223015/http://www.bangsamusnah.com/peoplesaba.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Miturut prasasti iki, Sargon nyebut yèn Saba' iku salah siji bangsa kang bayar pajek ing Sargon. Ing cathetan liya nyebutake yèn bangsa Saba' iku pada karo bangsa [[Phunisia]], bangsa kang nglakoni dol tinuku kang misuwur nganti nguwasani [[Bangsa Arab]] sisih lor. Warga saka Saba' misuwur kanthi peradabane, prasasti kang tinemu akèh kang nyebutake prakara dandan, dol tinuku, lan pambangunan.<ref name="lkm"/> == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/e_pre-islamic/fig04_sabaean.htm S. Arabian "Inscription of Abraha" in the Sabaean language] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203105207/http://www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/e_pre-islamic/fig04_sabaean.htm |date=2016-02-03 }}, at Smithsonian/NMNH website [[Kategori:Arab]] [[Kategori:Sajarah]] [[Kategori:Sajarah Yaman]] [[Kategori:Suku Yaman]] 1mbsn3o5zk9mk4fg1buduilgctlpi97 10 81371 1731590 866293 2025-07-04T06:18:36Z Sdsecret 66712 1731590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Lagu kabangsan negara-negara Asia |title = [[Lagu kabangsan]] negara-negara [[Asia]] |group1 = Lagu kabangsan |list1 = <div> {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Afghan|Afghanistan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Mer Hayrenik|Armenia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Azərbaycan marşı|Azerbaijan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Bahrainona|Bahrain]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Amar Shonar Bangla|Bangladesh]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Druk tsendhen|Bhutan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Allah Peliharakan Sultan|Brunei]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Nokor Reach|Cambodia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[March of the Volunteers|People's Republic of China]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Hymn to Liberty|Siprus]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Pátria| Timor Leste]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Tavisupleba|Georgia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Jana Gana Mana|India]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Indonesia Raya|Indonesia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Republik Islami Iran|Iran]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Mawtini|Irak]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Hatikvah|Israel]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Kimigayo|Jepang]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[The Royal Anthem of Jordan|Jordania]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Meniñ Qazaqstanım|Kazakhstan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Aegukka|Koréa Lor]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Aegukga|Koréa Kidul]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Al-Nasheed Al-Watani|Kuwait]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Republik Kyrgyz|Kyrgyzstan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Pheng Xat Lao|Laos]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lebanese National Anthem|Lebanon]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Negaraku|Malaysia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Gaumii salaam|Maldives]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Mongolia|Mongolia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Kaba Ma Kyei|Myanmar]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka|Nepal]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Nashid as-Salaam as-Sultani|Oman]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Qaumī Tarāna|Pakistan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lupang Hinirang|Philippines]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[As Salam al Amiri|Qatar]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Rusia|Rusia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Majulah Singapura|Singapore]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Sri Lanka Matha|Sri Lanka]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Homat el Diyar|Syria]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Republik Cina|Republik Cina (Taiwan)]] ([[Status pulitik Taiwan|pasulayan]])}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Surudi Milli|Tajikistan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Thai National Anthem|Thailand]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[İstiklâl Marşı|Turkey]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Turkmenistan|Turkmenistan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Ishy Bilady|United Arab Emirates]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Tiến Quân Ca|Vietnam]]}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Yemen|Yemen]]}} </div> |group2 = Lagu kabangsan regional |list2 = <div> {{nowrap|[[Aiaaira|Abkhazia]] (disputed)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Ey Reqîb|Iraqi Kurdistan]] (Iraq)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Khalmg Tanghchin chastr|Kalmykia]] (Rusia)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Azat u ankakh Artsakh|Nagorno-Karabakh]] (disputed)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[İstiklâl Marşı|Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus]] (disputed)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Fida'i|Palestine]] (disputed)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Deg o Tegh o Fateh]] (Sikhs)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan South Ossetia|South Ossetia]] (disputed)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Tibetan National Anthem|Tibet]] (disputed)}}{{•}} {{nowrap|[[Tooruktug Dolgay Tangdym|Tuva]] (Rusia)}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu Oblast Sakhalin|Oblast Sakhalin]] (Rusia)}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu Kabangsan Okrug Otonom Nénéts|OO Nenets]] (Rusia)}} {{nowrap|[[Lagu Kabangsan Okrug Otonom Yamalo-Nenets|OO Yamalo Nenets]] (Rusia)}} </div> |group3 = Organisasi Asia |list3 = {{nowrap|[[ASEAN Anthem|ASEAN]]}} |group4 = Tilas lagu kabangsan |list4 = {{nowrap|[[Lagu kabangsan Uni Sovyèt|Uni Sovyèt]] (1944-1991)}} |below = {{National anthem footer}} }}<includeonly>[[Category:Cithakan lagu kabangsan]]</includeonly> 2tf97ofr0hz56jx7tp5npmairyrj0p9 0 90894 1731542 1730042 2025-07-03T14:41:06Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Wajik|ꦮꦗꦶꦏ꧀}} {{Infobox Makanan | name = Wajik | image =[[File:8. Wajik 2.jpg|250px]] | caption =Wajik | alternate_name = | country = Indonésia | region = Jawa | creator = | course = | served = | main_ingredient = [[beras ketan]] | variations = | calories = | other = }} '''Wajik''' yaiku [[panganan]] tradhisional kang digawé saka [[beras ketan|ketan]] lan [[gula Jawa]]. Wajik iki rasané legi. Racaké wajik iku wernané soklat amarga diwènèhi gula jawa, ananging bisa uga diwènèhi pawerna panganan supaya luwih narik kawigaten. Wajik mbutuhaké wektu kang suwè kanggo nggawè. Pramila wajik iki digawé mawa wong akèh lan papan sing amba. Panganan iki disuguhaké nalika ana mantènan ananging saiki ana bakul sing njajakaké wajik ing pasar lan papan pariwisata sing bakulan olèh-olèh. Wajik ing saben daerah duwe ciri khas dhewe-dhewe. Wajik ing daerah Jawa Timur biasane nggawe gula sing akeh nganti legine nyetak ing ilat. Dene daerah Jawa Tengah wajik e legi ananging ora legi banget. Takeran gula kuwi mau seng dadi pambeda tekstur saking wajik. === Cara gawé wajik === # Beras ketan dikumbah banjur dikum sekitar 2-3 jam; # Beras ketan didang nganti setengah mateng kurang luwih 30 menit; # Godhog gula, santen, sethithik uyah lan pandan (ora kudu) nganti umup lan bener-bener tanak; # Ketan kang wus setengah mateng banjur dicemplungke lan diudhak ngasi carup kanthi rata; # Ketan diudhak nganti gula santen asat lan ketan dadi kesed isa dicethak # Ketan wus mateng banjur isa dicethak ana wadhah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://food.detik.com/kue/d-5534535/resep-wajik-gula-aren-yang-legit-pulen-untuk-buka-puasa|title=Resep Wajik Gula Aren yang Legit Pulen Untuk Buka Puasa|last=WS|first=Odilia|website=detikfood|language=id-ID|access-date=2025-06-10}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> {{Masakan Indonésia}} [[Kategori:Panganan]] [[Kategori:Jajanan]] {{Panganan-stub}} jgs2rdrnvh3jhtkyuuxa61ps5s3hn7v 0 96615 1731574 1731202 2025-07-04T02:16:49Z Stephan1000000 40126 353 1731574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rapèkaké}} {{Infobox television | show_name = Criminal Minds | image = [[Gambar:Criminal-Minds.svg|256px]] | genre = [[Drama]]<br />[[Police procedural]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmovie.com/movie/criminal-minds-season-01-v353621|work=Allmovie|title=Criminal Minds: Season 01|accessdate=November 11, 2012|archive-date=December 16, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216135612/http://www.allmovie.com/movie/criminal-minds-season-01-v353621|url-status=dead}}</ref> | format = [[Police procedural]] | picture_format = [[1080i]] [[16:9]] ([[HDTV]]) | audio_format = [[Dolby Digital|Dolby Digital 5.1]] | runtime = 42 minutes | creator = [[Jeff Davis (writer)|Jeff Davis]] | starring = <!-- Per infobox instructions, the original cast is to be listed first in credits order followed by additional cast in the order in which they joined the cast. Also, please do not delete former cast members. -->[[Mandy Patinkin]]<br />[[Thomas Gibson]]<br />[[Lola Glaudini]]<br />[[Shemar Moore]]<br />[[Matthew Gray Gubler]]<br />[[A. J. Cook]]<br />[[Kirsten Vangsness]]<br />[[Paget Brewster]]<br />[[Joe Mantegna]]<br />[[Rachel Nichols (actress)|Rachel Nichols]]<br />[[Jeanne Tripplehorn]] | country = United States | language = [[English language|English]] | location = [[Quantico, Virginia|Quantico]], [[Virginia]] <small>(setting)</small><br/>[[Los Angeles]], [[California]] <small>(fileming)</small> | network = [[CBS]] | company = [[Mark Gordon|The Mark Gordon Company]] <small>(2005–present)</small><br />Touchstone Television <small>(2005–07)</small><br />[[ABC Studios]] <small>(2007–present)</small><br />[[Paramount Television]] <small>(2005–06)</small><br />CBS Paramount Television <small>(2006–09)</small><br />[[CBS Television Studios]] <small>(2009–present)</small> | first_aired = {{Start date|2005|9|22}} | last_aired = present | num_seasons = 18 | num_episodes = 353 | list_episodes = List of Criminal Minds episodes | related = ''[[Criminal Minds: Suspect Behavior]]'' (2011) | website = http://www.cbs.com/shows/criminal_minds | production_website = http://www.abcstudiosmedianet.com/web/showpage/showpage.aspx?program_id=CB2042&type=lead }} {{Infobox Television| | show_name = Criminal Minds | image = | caption = | format = [[Drama kriminal]] | picture_format = [[480i]] ([[SDTV]]),{{br}}[[1080i]] ([[HDTV]]) | runtime = perk. 45 menit | creator = [[Jeff Davis]] | starring = [[Joe Mantegna]]{{br}}[[Paget Brewster]]{{br}}[[Matthew Gray Gubler]]{{br}}[[Shemar Moore]]{{br}}[[A. J. Cook (aktris)|A. J. Cook]]{{br}}[[Kirsten Vangsness]]{{br}}dan{{br}}[[Thomas Gibson]] | country = Amérikah Sarékat | network = [[CBS]] | distributor = '''AS:'''{{br}}[[CBS Paramount Television]]{{br}}through{{br}}[[CBS Television Distribution]]{{br}}'''Non-AS:'''{{br}}[[Disney-ABC International Television]] | first_aired = 22 September 2005 | last_aired = sekarang | num_seasons = 4 | num_episodes = 79 | list_episodes = Pratélan episode Criminal Minds | website = http://www.cbs.com/primetime/criminal_minds | production_website = http://www.abcstudiosmedianet.com/web/showpage/showpage.aspx?program_id=CB2042&type=lead | imdb_id = 0452046 | tv_com_id = 33484 }} <gallery widths="200px" heights="200px"> Gambar:Criminal Minds at Paley.jpg|Cast and crew at a Paley Centre discussion of the show Gambar:CriminalMindsPromo.jpg| Cast members in 2011–12: (left to right) Gibson, Cook, Gubler, Mantegna, Brewster and Moore. Absent: Kirsten Vangsness </gallery> '''Criminal Minds''' inggih punika [[serial televisi]] ingkang dipungiyaraken déning [[CBS]]. Giyaran punika kawiwitan dipungiyaraken ing [[22 September]] [[2005]]. Ngantos ing wanci punika , juru main utamanipun inggih punika [[Joe Mantegna]], [[Paget Brewster]], [[Matthew Gray Gubler]], lan taksih kathah malih. Acara punika nyariosakèn babagan kisah [[kriminal]]. Criminal Minds punika sebuah filem serial ingkang dipunprodhuseri perusahaan [[Mark Gordon Studio]] ingkang mèrdamèl sami kaliyan studio ABC lan CBS. Film punika nyariosakèn babagan pérangan mliginipun [[FBI]] inggih punika BAU (''Behavioural Analysis Unit'') ingkang gadhah peran ingkang wigati ing ngungkapakèn pinten-pinten mliginipun kanggé rajapejah berantai, ingkang dhedhasar panalitèn punika tindakan ingkang dipunlampahi déning tiyang kaliyan gangguan kejiwaan, kaliyan cara nganalisa perilaku pelaku dhedhasar bukti-bukti lan tapak asma ingkang wonten kaliyan ancas ing punkasan mahami pola pikir pelaku. == Karakter == {{Main|Pratélan karakter Criminal Minds}} {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2"|Aktor /<br />Aktris !! rowspan="2"|Diperankan olèh !! rowspan="2"|Pekerjaan !! colspan="7"|Mangsa |- ! width="5%"|[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 1)|1]] !! width="5%"|[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 2)|2]] !! width="5%"|[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 3)|3]] !! width="5%"|[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 4)|4]] !! width="5%"|[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 5)|5]]!! width="5%"|[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 6)|6]] !! width="5%"|[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 7)|7]] |- | [[Aaron Hotchner]] || [[Thomas Gibson]] || Unit Chief || style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="7" align="center"| '''Berperan''' |- | [[Jason Gideon]] || [[Mandy Patinkin]] || Senior Supervisory Special Agent || style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="2" align="center"| '''Berperan''' ||colspan="5" style="background: #ececec; color: grey; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | |- | [[David Rossi]] || [[Joe Mantegna]] || Senior Supervisory Special Agent || colspan="2" style="background: #ececec; color: grey; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | || style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="5" align="center"| '''Berperan''' |- | [[Elle Greenaway]] || [[Lola Glaudini]] || Supervisory Special Agent || style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="2" align="center"| '''Berperan'''||colspan="5" style="background: #ececec; color: grey; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | |- | [[Emily Prentiss]] || [[Paget Brewster]] || Supervisory Special Agent ||colspan="1" style="background: #ececec; color: grey; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | || style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="6" align="center"| '''Berperan''' |- | [[Derek Morgan (Criminal Minds)|Derek Morgan]] || [[Shemar Moore]] || Supervisory Special Agent ||style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="7" align="center"| '''Berperan''' |- | [[Spencer Reid]] || [[Matthew Gray Gubler]] || Supervisory Special Agent ||style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="7" align="center"| '''Berperan''' |- | [[Jennifer Jareau]] || [[AJ Cook (actress)|AJ Cook]] || Supervisory Special Agent /Media Liaison ||style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="5" align="center"| '''Berperan'''||style="background: #ffdddd" colspan="1" align="center" |Recurring||style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="1" align="center"| '''Berperan''' |- | [[Penelope Garcia]] || [[Kirsten Vangsness]] || Technical Analyst ||style="background: #ffdddd" colspan="1" align="center"|Recurring||style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="6" align="center"| '''Berperan''' |- | [[Ashley Seaver]] || [[Rachel Nichols (actress)|Rachel Nichols]] || FBI Cadet || colspan="5" style="background: #ececec; color: grey; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | || style="background: #ddffdd" colspan="1" align="center"| '''Berperan''' ||colspan="1" style="background: #ececec; color: grey; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | |- |} == Episode == {{Main|Pratélan episode Criminal Minds}} Enam mangsa ''Criminal Minds'' kanthi lengkap telah diudarakan, dengan putaran mangsa ke-tujuh yang dimulai pada 21 September 2011. Sampai dengan tanggal 5 Oktober 2011, 141 episode total telah ditayangkan. {| class="wikitable" width="98%" font="90%" style="text-align:center" |- ! colspan="2" rowspan="2"| Mangsa ! rowspan="2"| Episode ! colspan="2"| Giyaran asli ! colspan="4"| Tanggal peluncuran DVD |- ! ''[[Season premiere]]'' ! ''[[Season finale]]'' ! Amérikah Sarékat ([[DVD region code|R1]]) ! Britania Raya ([[DVD region code|R2]]) ! Australia ([[DVD region code|R4]]) ! Keping |- |bgcolor="FF2020"| |'''[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 1)|1]]''' |22 |{{Start date|2005|9|22}} |{{End date|2006|5|10}} |{{Start date|2006|11|28}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000ION72Q |title=Criminal Minds - The First Season |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2007|2|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B000M2E7G4 |title=Criminal Minds - Season 1 Complete |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com|Amazon.co.uk]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2007|11|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/803591 |title=Criminal Minds - The 1st Season |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[EzyDVD|EzyDVD.com.au]]}}</ref> |6 |- |bgcolor="1010FF"| |'''[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 2)|2]]''' |23 |{{Start date|2006|9|20}} |{{End date|2007|5|16}} |{{Start date|2007|10|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000SQFC40 |title=Criminal Minds - The Second Season |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2008|5|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0012RA9AQ |title=Criminal Minds - Season 2 Complete |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com|Amazon.co.uk]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2008|4|1}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/797846 |title=Criminal Minds - The 2nd Season |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[EzyDVD|EzyDVD.com.au]]}}</ref> |6 |- |bgcolor="20EF10"| |'''[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 3)|3]]''' |20 |{{Start date|2007|9|26}} |{{End date|2008|5|21}} |{{Start date|2008|9|16}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B001AI776G |title=Criminal Minds: Season 3 |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2009|4|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B001NN415I |title=Criminal Minds - Season 3 Complete |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com|Amazon.co.uk]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2009|3|18}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/804107 |title= Criminal Minds - Season 3 |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[EzyDVD|EzyDVD.com.au]]}}</ref> |5 |- |bgcolor="F79A3A"| |'''[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 4)|4]]''' |26 |{{Start date|2008|9|24}} |{{End date|2009|5|20}} |{{Start date|2009|9|8}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B001G0MFKQ |title=Criminal Minds: The Complete Fourth Season |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2010|3|1}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B002TG39YC |title=Criminal Minds Season 4 |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com|Amazon.co.uk]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2010|3|9}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/810656 |title=Criminal Minds - Season 4 |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[EzyDVD|EzyDVD.com/au]]}}</ref> |7 |- |bgcolor="F0E68C"| |'''[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 5)|5]]''' |23 |{{Start date|2009|9|23}} |{{End date|2010|5|26}} |{{Start date|2010|9|7}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B003TFAJ18 |title=Criminal Minds: The Complete Fifth Season |accessdate=March 19, 2010 |publisher=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> |{{Start date|2011|2|28}} |{{End date|2011|3|2}} |6 |- |bgcolor="AA00BB"| |'''[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 6)|6]]''' |24 |{{Start date|2010|9|22}} |{{End date|2011|5|18}} |{{Start date|2011|9|6}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/B003R0MEZ4 |title=Criminal Minds: The Complete Sixth Season |accessdate=June 29, 2011 |publisher=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> |November 28, 2011 <ref>http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B004JHXWD2</ref> |{{n/a}} |6 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Criminal-Minds-Season-6/15545 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2013-01-29 |archive-date=2011-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623023227/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Criminal-Minds-Season-6/15545 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |bgcolor="#999999"| |'''[[Criminal Minds (mangsa 7)|7]]''' |24 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.whatsontv.co.uk/tv-guide/programme/epg/genre/entertainment-channels/criminal-minds/friday-7th-october/show/248968/episode/25978169/ID/228207490/begin/105/page/1 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2013-01-29 |archive-date=2012-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124224543/http://www.whatsontv.co.uk/tv-guide/programme/epg/genre/entertainment-channels/criminal-minds/friday-7th-october/show/248968/episode/25978169/ID/228207490/begin/105/page/1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |{{Start date|2011|9|21}}<ref name=cbspremieres>{{cite web|last=Seidman|first=Robert|title=CBS Announces Fall 2011 Premiere Dates|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/06/29/cbs-announces-fall-2011-premiere-dates/96883/|work=TV By the Numbers|date=June 29, 2011|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archive-date=July 1, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110701095954/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/06/29/cbs-announces-fall-2011-premiere-dates/96883/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Spring 2012 |{{N/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == {{wikiquote}} * [http://www.cbs.com/primetime/criminal_minds/ Situs resmi] * [http://tv.yahoo.com/criminal-minds/show/38090 "Criminal Minds"] di [http://tv.yahoo.com/ Yahoo! TV] [[Kategori:Acara televisi Amérikah Sarékat]] {{televisi-stub}} kx79vte5im5f1u5cjjipzzil07bpqo0 0 98268 1731573 1674356 2025-07-04T02:07:04Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Constellation | name = Apus | abbreviation = Aps | genitive = Apodis | pronounce = {{IPAc-en|ˈ|eɪ|p|ə|s}}, genitive {{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|p|ə|d|ɨ|s}} | symbolism = The [[Bird-of-paradise|Bird-of-Paradise]]<ref name="ridpath"/> | RA = 16 | dec= −75 | family = [[Bayer Family|Bayer]] | quadrant = SQ3 | areatotal = 206 | arearank = 67th | numbermainstars = 4 | numberbfstars = 12 | numberstarsplanets = 2 | numberbrightstars = 0 | numbernearbystars = 0 | brighteststarname = [[Alpha Apodis|α Aps]] | starmagnitude = 3.83 | neareststarname = [[HD 128400]] | stardistancely = 66.36 | stardistancepc = 20.35 | numbermessierobjects = None | meteorshowers = None | bordering = [[Triangulum Australe]]<br />[[Circinus (constellation)|Circinus]]<br />[[Musca]]<br />[[Chamaeleon]]<br />[[Octans]]<br />[[Pavo (constellation)|Pavo]]<br />[[Ara (constellation)|Ara]] | latmax = [[5th parallel north|5]] | latmin = [[South Pole|90]] | month = July | notes = }} '''Apus''' inggih punika salah satunggaling [[rasi lintang]] ingkang lemah lan mapan wonten ing belahan langit sisih [[kidul]]. Rasi lintang Apus kaping sepisanan dipunbiwarakaken kawontenanipun inggih ing pungkasaning [[abad]] kaping enem welas. Apus wonten ing basa [[Yunani]] gadhah teges "tanpa sikil" lan punika nggambaraken satunggaling manuk ingkang salah satunggalipun dipunpitados boten gadhah sikil. Rasi lintang Apus inggih dipunkiteri déning rasi lintang sanèsipun inggih punika rasi lintant [[Trangulum Australe]], [[Circinus]], [[Musca]], [[Chamaeleon]], [[Octans]], [[Pavo]], lan [[Ara]]. == Sajarah == Apus inggih punika salah satunggal saking kalih welas rasi lintang ingkang dipunandharaken wonten ing [[abad]] kaping kalih déning [[astronom]] saking [[Prancis]] inggih punika [[Petrus Plancius]] saking asiling observasi déning astronom [[Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser]] lan [[Frederick de Houtman]] lan rasi lintang punika kaping sepisanan dipungambar wonten ing [[globe]] peta langit]] kanthi diameter 35&nbsp;cm lan dipunwedalaken ing taun [[1597]] utawi [[1598]] ing [[Amsterdam]] déning Plancius kaliyan [[Jodacus Hondius]].<ref name="ridpath"/>{{sfn|Ridpath|2001|pp=76-77}}<ref name="UT">{{cite web |url = http://www.universetoday.com/19562/apus/ |title = Apus |last = Plotner |first = Tammy |publisher = Universe Today |date = 13 October 2008 |accessdate = 22 April 2012}}</ref> Plancius nyebat rasi lintang Apus inggih kanthi nama "''Paradysvogel Apis Indica''"; tembung sepisanan saking basa [[Walanda]] kanggé manuk paradise.{{dn|date=January 2013}} Nanging sebatan sanèsipun kanggé Apus inggih saking basa [[Latin]] kanggé "[[tawon]] Indian"; "apis" (basa Latin kanggé tawon) inggih punika ugi dipunsebat "avis" utawi manuk.<ref name="ridpath">{{cite web |url = http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/apus.htm |title = Apus |last = Ridpath |first = Ian |work = Star Tales |accessdate = 10 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="UT"/> Sasampunipun dipuntepangaken wonten ing globe kagunganipun Plancius, rasi lilntang Apus sepisanan dipungambar malih wonten ing [[atlas]] langit ing ''Uranometria'' kagunganipun [[Johann Bayer]] ing taun [[1603]], ingkang ing atlas punika rasi lintang Apus dipunsebat "Apis Indica".<ref name="ridpath"/><ref name="UT"/> == Lintang-lintang == Rasi lintang Apus gadhah dhérah ingkang ambanipun kirang langkung 206 drajat persegi lan boten ngewrat lintang ingkang dipunmangertosi minangka [[planit]]-planit. Rasi lintang punika saged dipuntingali ing garis lintang antawisipun +5° lan-90° lan badhé katingal ingkang saé piyambak manawi dipuntingali ing jam 9 dalu ing salebeting sasi [[Juli]]. Apus ingkang papanipun caket kaliyan kutub [[kidul]] ndadodasken wonten ing rasi lintang punika kapanggih sapérangan objek ingkang narik kawigatosan para panaliti kanggé dipuntliti. ''Globular cluster NGC 6101'' mapan namung wonten ing sak loripun ''gamma Apodis'', lan saged dipuntingali minangka satunggaling titik kanthi ukuran 4,5 inchi mawi [[teleskop]]. IC 4499 inggih punika lintang globular kluster sanèsipun ingkang ugi kalebet taksih enem wonten ing galaksi [[Bimasekti]], ingkan kapanggih ing taun [[1901]]. Galaksi spiral IC 4633 inggih punika satunggaling nebula ingkang strukturipun boten limrah ingkang wonten ing sak kiteripun rasi lintang Apus ugi. Galaksi punika ugi mapan wonten ing salebeting galaksi Bimasekti. Déné lintang-lintang ingkang wonten ing rasi lintang punika ing antawisipun inggih kados makaten: * [[alpha Apodis|α Apodis]] inggih punika satungaling lintang ingkang ngemu cahya raksasa [[oranye]] ingkang tebihipun 411 taun cahya lan gadhah magnitudo 3,8.{{sfn|Ridpath|2001|pp=76-77}}<ref name="UT"/> * [[beta Apodis|β Apodis]] inggih punika satungaling lintang ingkang ngemu cahya raksasa [[oranye]] ingkang tebihipun 158 taun cahya lan gadhah magnitudo 4,2.{{sfn|Ridpath|2001|pp=76-77}} * [[gamma Apodis|γ Apodis]] inggih punika satungaling lintang ingkang ngemu cahya raksasa [[oranye]] ingkang tebihipun 160 taun cahya lan gadhah magnitudo 3,9.{{sfn|Ridpath|2001|pp=76-77}} * [[delta Apodis|δ Apodis]] inggih punika tipe lintang rangkep kalih ingkang ngemu cahya raksasa [[abrit]] ingkang tebihipun 765 taun cahya lan gadhah magnitudo 4,7. Rasi lintang Apus inggih taksih kalebet wonten ing kulawarga rasi lintang Johann Bayer sesarengan kaliyan rasi lintang [[Hydrus]], [[Dorado]], [[Volans]], [[Pavo]], [[Grus]], [[Phoenix]], [[Tucana]], [[Indus]], [[Chamaeleon]] lan [[Musca]]. Déné rasi lintang sanèsipun ingkang mapan wonten ing sak kiteripun rasi lintang Apus inggih punika rasi lintang Triangulum Australe, Circinus, Musca, Chamaeleon, Octans, Pavo lan Ara.<ref>[http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constellations/Apus.php Apus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120504071447/http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constellations/Apus.php |date=2012-05-04 }}(dipunundhuh tanggal 25 Pebruari 2013)</ref> == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} * [http://www.allthesky.com/constellations/apus/constell.html The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Apus] * [http://www.astronomical.org/portal/modules/wfsection/article.php?articleid=3 Peoria Astronomical Society - Apus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302063457/http://www.astronomical.org/portal/modules/wfsection/article.php?articleid=3 |date=2008-03-02 }} * [http://www.nightskyinfo.com/constellations/apus/ NightSkyInfo.com: Constellation Apus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822175438/http://www.nightskyinfo.com/constellations/apus/ |date=2010-08-22 }} * [http://www.sky-map.org/?ra=16.140631441276753&de=-75.36815388138592&zoom=3&locale=EN&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=0&show_galaxies=1''WIKISKY.ORG'': Apus on WIKISKY] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302123634/http://www.sky-map.org/?ra=16.140631441276753&de=-75.36815388138592&zoom=3&locale=EN&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=0&show_galaxies=1 |date=2012-03-02 }} * [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/apus.htm Star Tales – Apus] [[Kategori:Rasi lintang]] 3aniy8rd34qphobzmwrph9v41zlntth 0 107690 1731538 1731249 2025-07-03T14:05:11Z 103.129.149.72 1731538 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Benjamin " Babi " Setanyahudi''' ([[Ibrani]]: בִּנְיָמִין " בִּיבִּי " נְתַנְיָהוּ, basa [[Arab]]: ﻧﺘﻨﻴﺎﻫﻮ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻣﻴﻦ, Binyyameen Natayahu; lair ana [[Tel Aviv]], Israèl, 21 Oktober 1949 ; umur 75 taun) ya iku [[Mahamantri Israèl]].<ref name="BN bc">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Netanyahu|title=Benjamin Netanyahu: Prime Minister of Israel|last1=The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica|first1=|date=13 Mèi 2015|work=|publisher=britannica.com|access-date=13 Sèptèmber 2016}}</ref> Tiyangé punika mangku kalungguhan dados [[Parté Likud]], uga dados anggota [[Knesset]], uga dados Mantri Kasarasan [[Israèl]], uga dados Mantri Urusan Pènsiunan [[Israèl]], saha dados Mantri Strategi Ékonomi ing nagara [[Israèl]].<ref name="BN bc"/> Netanyahu ya iku Mantri kapisan uga ora ana liyané dhèwèké [[Mahamantri]] [[Israèl]] kang lair ana [[Israèl]] sabanjuré tata nagara [[Israèl]]. Netanyahu dapthar ing Angkatan Pertahanan [[Israèl]] nalika taun 1967.<ref name="BN bc"/> Nalika iku, tiyangé mangku kalungguhan dados komandan ana ing unit komando èlit arané [[Sayeret Matkal]], mundhut babagan manéka warna misi mau, salah sawijiné ya iku misi nylametaké sandra saka [[Sabena Penerbangan 571]] dibajak ana taun 1972 (untungna ana ngisor pimpinan [[Ehud Barak]]). Dhèwèké juang ana [[Perang Yom Kippur]] ing taun 1973 uga éntuk pangkat kaptèn sadurungé rampung. Netanyahu njabat dadi [[Duta Besar]] [[Israèl]] kanggo [[Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa]] 1984-1988, anggota [[Parté Likud]], uga [[Mahamantri]] saka sasi Juni 1996 nganti Juli 1999. Netanyahu Mantri Luar Negeri (2002-2003) uga Mantri Keuangan (2003-Agustus 2005) ana pamréntahan [[Ariel Sharon]], nanging dhèwèké tindak béda penemu ana rencana pisahan [[Jalur Gaza]]. Dhèwèké ngrebut bali kapemimpinan [[Likud]] ing tanggal 20 Dhésèmber 2005. Ana pemilu 2006, [[Likud]] ora ala, menangaké 12 (rolas) kursi. Ing sasi Dhésèmber 2006, Netanyahu dadi pejabat Pemimpin Oposisi ana [[Knesset]] uga Ketua [[Parté Likud]]. Ing sasi Agustus 2007, dhèwèké mertahanake kapemimpinan [[Likud]] nganggo ngalahaké [[Moshe Feiglin]] ana pemilihan parté. Sawisé pemilihan parlemèn 10 Fèbruari 2009, [[Likud]] diwènèhake pihak karo uga sayap tengen menang mayoritas, Netanyahu mbentuk pamréntahan koalisi.<ref name="BN b">{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/benjamin-netanyahu-9421908#political-success|title=Benjamin Netanyahu Biography|last1=Biography.com Editors|first1=|date=24 Maret 2015|work=|publisher=A&E Television Networks|access-date=13 Sèptèmber 2016}}</ref> Dhèwèké ya iku tunggalé Komandan Pasukan Khusus [[Israèl]] [[Yonatan Netanyahu]], kang séda ana misi nylametaké sandera, uga [[Ido Netanyahu]], penulis [[Israèl]] uga dramawan. Ing taun 2010, majalah [[Inggris]] [[New Statesman]] ndaptaraké Benjamin Netanyahu ana 11 ing pratélan "50 Donya Angka Paling Ngaruhi 2010". == Pranala njaba == *[http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2016/03/160329_indonesia_israel_netanyahu_diplomatik Laman web BBC] *[http://www.biography.com/people/benjamin-netanyahu-9421908#political-success Biografi ana biography.com] *[http://www.haaretz.com/misc/tags/1.476753-1.476753 laman web Hareetz] *[http://www.netanyahu.org.il/en/news/1198-statements-by-prime-minister-benjamin-netanyahu-and-president-of-cyprus-nicos-anastasiades Laman web official Netanyahu.org.il] *[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Netanyahu Biografi ana britannica.com] [[Kategori:Artikel Wiki Mrebawani]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Israèl]] [[Kategori:Lair 1949]] cv6g4cdbcwh7ju05sspbqlqjrl2wu2g 1731539 1731538 2025-07-03T14:05:19Z Renvoy 47938 Besutané [[Special:Contributions/103.129.149.72|103.129.149.72]] ([[User talk:103.129.149.72|rembugan]]) dipulihaké ing révisi pungkasan garapané [[User:Henri Aja|Henri Aja]] 1731249 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Benjamin " Bibi " Netanyahu''' ([[Ibrani]]: בִּנְיָמִין " בִּיבִּי " נְתַנְיָהוּ, basa [[Arab]]: ﻧﺘﻨﻴﺎﻫﻮ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻣﻴﻦ, Binyyameen Natayahu; lair ana [[Tel Aviv]], Israèl, 21 Oktober 1949 ; umur 75 taun) ya iku [[Mahamantri Israèl]].<ref name="BN bc">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Netanyahu|title=Benjamin Netanyahu: Prime Minister of Israel|last1=The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica|first1=|date=13 Mèi 2015|work=|publisher=britannica.com|access-date=13 Sèptèmber 2016}}</ref> Tiyangé punika mangku kalungguhan dados [[Parté Likud]], uga dados anggota [[Knesset]], uga dados Mantri Kasarasan [[Israèl]], uga dados Mantri Urusan Pènsiunan [[Israèl]], saha dados Mantri Strategi Ékonomi ing nagara [[Israèl]].<ref name="BN bc"/> Netanyahu ya iku Mantri kapisan uga ora ana liyané dhèwèké [[Mahamantri]] [[Israèl]] kang lair ana [[Israèl]] sabanjuré tata nagara [[Israèl]]. Netanyahu dapthar ing Angkatan Pertahanan [[Israèl]] nalika taun 1967.<ref name="BN bc"/> Nalika iku, tiyangé mangku kalungguhan dados komandan ana ing unit komando èlit arané [[Sayeret Matkal]], mundhut babagan manéka warna misi mau, salah sawijiné ya iku misi nylametaké sandra saka [[Sabena Penerbangan 571]] dibajak ana taun 1972 (untungna ana ngisor pimpinan [[Ehud Barak]]). Dhèwèké juang ana [[Perang Yom Kippur]] ing taun 1973 uga éntuk pangkat kaptèn sadurungé rampung. Netanyahu njabat dadi [[Duta Besar]] [[Israèl]] kanggo [[Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa]] 1984-1988, anggota [[Parté Likud]], uga [[Mahamantri]] saka sasi Juni 1996 nganti Juli 1999. Netanyahu Mantri Luar Negeri (2002-2003) uga Mantri Keuangan (2003-Agustus 2005) ana pamréntahan [[Ariel Sharon]], nanging dhèwèké tindak béda penemu ana rencana pisahan [[Jalur Gaza]]. Dhèwèké ngrebut bali kapemimpinan [[Likud]] ing tanggal 20 Dhésèmber 2005. Ana pemilu 2006, [[Likud]] ora ala, menangaké 12 (rolas) kursi. Ing sasi Dhésèmber 2006, Netanyahu dadi pejabat Pemimpin Oposisi ana [[Knesset]] uga Ketua [[Parté Likud]]. Ing sasi Agustus 2007, dhèwèké mertahanake kapemimpinan [[Likud]] nganggo ngalahaké [[Moshe Feiglin]] ana pemilihan parté. Sawisé pemilihan parlemèn 10 Fèbruari 2009, [[Likud]] diwènèhake pihak karo uga sayap tengen menang mayoritas, Netanyahu mbentuk pamréntahan koalisi.<ref name="BN b">{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/benjamin-netanyahu-9421908#political-success|title=Benjamin Netanyahu Biography|last1=Biography.com Editors|first1=|date=24 Maret 2015|work=|publisher=A&E Television Networks|access-date=13 Sèptèmber 2016}}</ref> Dhèwèké ya iku tunggalé Komandan Pasukan Khusus [[Israèl]] [[Yonatan Netanyahu]], kang séda ana misi nylametaké sandera, uga [[Ido Netanyahu]], penulis [[Israèl]] uga dramawan. Ing taun 2010, majalah [[Inggris]] [[New Statesman]] ndaptaraké Benjamin Netanyahu ana 11 ing pratélan "50 Donya Angka Paling Ngaruhi 2010". == Pranala njaba == *[http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2016/03/160329_indonesia_israel_netanyahu_diplomatik Laman web BBC] *[http://www.biography.com/people/benjamin-netanyahu-9421908#political-success Biografi ana biography.com] *[http://www.haaretz.com/misc/tags/1.476753-1.476753 laman web Hareetz] *[http://www.netanyahu.org.il/en/news/1198-statements-by-prime-minister-benjamin-netanyahu-and-president-of-cyprus-nicos-anastasiades Laman web official Netanyahu.org.il] *[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Netanyahu Biografi ana britannica.com] [[Kategori:Artikel Wiki Mrebawani]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Israèl]] [[Kategori:Lair 1949]] 31icb293gutihn990dzuj0b6nl787xn 0 107693 1731540 1668448 2025-07-03T14:06:37Z 103.129.149.72 1731540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |birth_name=Tziporah Malkah Livni | image = Tzipi Livni 2.JPG | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1958|7|8|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Tel Aviv]], [[Israèl]] | office = [[Knesset|Knesset Member]] | term_start = 7 June 1999 | term_end = 2 May 2012 | president = [[Shimon Peres]] | primeminister = [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] | preceded = | succeeded = [[Yuval Tzelner]] | office2 = [[Leader of the Opposition (Israèl)|Leader of the Opposition]] | term_start2 = 31 March 2009 | term_end2 = 28 March 2012 | president2 = [[Shimon Peres]] | primeminister2 = [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] | preceded2 = [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] | succeeded2 = [[Shaul Mofaz]] | office3 = [[Foreign Affairs Minister of Israèl|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] | term_start3 = 2006 | term_end3 = 2009 | primeminister3 = [[Ehud Olmert]] | preceded3 = [[Silvan Shalom]] | succeeded3 = [[Avigdor Lieberman]] | office4 = [[Justice Minister of Israèl|Minister of Justice]] | term_start4 = 2006 | term_end4 = 2007 | primeminister4 = [[Ehud Olmert]] | preceded4 = [[Meir Sheetrit]] | succeeded4 = [[Daniel Friedmann]] | office5 = [[Agriculture Minister of Israèl|Minister of Agriculture]] | term_start5 = 2002 | term_end5 = 2003 | primeminister5 = [[Ariel Sharon]] | preceded5 = [[Shalom Simhon]] | succeeded5 = [[Yisrael Katz (politician born 1955)|Yisrael Katz]] | office6 = [[Immigrant Absorption Minister of Israèl|Minister of Immigrant Absorption]] | term_start6 = 2003 | term_end6 = 2006 | primeminister6 = [[Ariel Sharon]]<br />[[Ehud Olmert]] | preceded6 = [[Ariel Sharon]] | succeeded6 = [[Ze'ev Boim]] | office7 = [[Housing and Construction Minister of Israèl|Minister of Housing and Construction]] | term_start7 = 2004 | term_end7 = 2005 | primeminister7 = [[Ariel Sharon]] | preceded7 = [[Effi Eitam]] | succeeded7 = [[Issac Herzog]] | party = [[Kadima]] (since 2005)<br />[[Likud]] (To 2005) | religion = [[Judaism]] | spouse = Naftali Spitzer | children = Omri Spitzer<br>Yuval Spitzer | rank = [[Lieutenant]] | allegiance = {{flagicon|Israèl}} [[Israèl]] | branch = [[Israèl Defense Forces]] | unit = Officer School }} Tporah Marah "Tipis" Lonte (basa [[Ibrani]]: ציפורה מלכה "ציפי " לבני, lair ana [[Tel Aviv]], [[Israèl]], 8 Juli 1958; umur 560 taun) ya iku [[Mantri Urusan Luar Negeri Israèl]] uga [[Wakil Mahamantri]] [[Israèl]].<ref name="RK bc">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tzipi-Livni|title=Tzipi Livni ISRAELI POLITICIAN|last1=Susser|first1=Leslie D.|date=18 March 2015|work=|publisher=britannica.com|access-date=10 September 2016}}</ref><ref name="RK zi">{{cite web|url=http://www.zionism-israel.com/bio/Tzipi_Livni.htm|title=Zionism and Israel - Biographies Tzipi Livni|last1=Isseroff|first1=Ami|date=September 2008|work=|publisher=zionism-israel.com|access-date=10 September 2016}}</ref> Livni uga dadi ketua anggota parté [[Kadima]].<ref name="RK bc"/> Livni ya iku putri saka [[Eitan Livni]], mantan anggota sayap militér [[Irgun Tzwai Le'umi]], dhèwèkké ya iku anggota saka parté [[Likud]].<ref name="RK bc"/> Livni namataké pasinaoné ana jurusan [[hukum]] [[Universitas Bar-Ilan]].<ref name="RK bc"/><ref name="RK zi"/> Livni naté ngabdi ing nagarané dadi [[Letnan]] ana [[Pasukan Pertahanan Israèl]] (outawa kerep mau Zionis ''Defence Force IDF'').<ref name="RK bc"/><ref name="RK zi"/> Ana purwa taun 80-an, Livni alih dadi agèn dinas rahasia [[Israèl]], [[Mossad]].<ref name="RK bc"/><ref name="RK zi"/> Livni duwé panggon panguripané ana ing [[Tel Aviv]].<ref name="RK bc"/> == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == *[http://www.tzipilivni.co.il Tzipi Livni's official website] {{he icon}} *[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tzipi-Livni] *[https://www.theguardian.com/world/tzipi-livni Laman web The Guardian] *[http://www.haaretz.com/misc/tags/1.476796-1.476796 Laman web Haaretz] *[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-36697324 Laman web BBC] *[http://www.timesofisrael.com/topic/tzipi-livni/ Laman web Times of Israel] *[http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/secret-meeting-between-egyptian-salafist-and-tzipi-livni-causes-controversy-2074031569 Laman web Middle East Eye] {{Commons category|Tzipi Livni}} {{Wikiquote}} *{{MKlink|id=213}} *{{C-SPAN|tzipilivni}} *{{Charlie Rose view|339}} *{{Guardiantopic|world/tzipi-livni}} *{{Haaretztopic|Tzipi_Livni}} *{{JPosttopic|Tzipi_Livni}} *{{Nndb|212/000162723}} {{start box}} {{succession box | before = [[Silvan Shalom]]| title = [[Mantri Luar Negeri Israèl|Mantri Urusan Luar Negeri]]|years=[[2006]]–Saiki| after = ''Isih Njabat''}} {{succession box | before = [[Ehud Olmert]]| title = [[Wakil Pimpinan Israèl|Wakil Mahamantri Israèl]]|years=[[2006]]–Saiki| after = ''Isih Njabatt''}} {{end box}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Livni, Tzipi}} [[Kategori:Politikus Israèl]] [[Kategori:Vegetarian]] [[Kategori:Artikel Wiki Mrebawani]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Israèl]] [[Kategori:Lair 1958]] {{pulitikus-stub}} sighdzfok7os0af4iv2fqym69m50r7s 1731541 1731540 2025-07-03T14:09:07Z 人间百态 59199 Undid edits by [[Special:Contribs/103.129.149.72|103.129.149.72]] ([[User talk:103.129.149.72|talk]]) to last version by Kolja21 1731541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |birth_name=Tziporah Malkah Livni | image = Tzipi Livni 2.JPG | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1958|7|8|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Tel Aviv]], [[Israèl]] | office = [[Knesset|Knesset Member]] | term_start = 7 June 1999 | term_end = 2 May 2012 | president = [[Shimon Peres]] | primeminister = [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] | preceded = | succeeded = [[Yuval Tzelner]] | office2 = [[Leader of the Opposition (Israèl)|Leader of the Opposition]] | term_start2 = 31 March 2009 | term_end2 = 28 March 2012 | president2 = [[Shimon Peres]] | primeminister2 = [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] | preceded2 = [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] | succeeded2 = [[Shaul Mofaz]] | office3 = [[Foreign Affairs Minister of Israèl|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] | term_start3 = 2006 | term_end3 = 2009 | primeminister3 = [[Ehud Olmert]] | preceded3 = [[Silvan Shalom]] | succeeded3 = [[Avigdor Lieberman]] | office4 = [[Justice Minister of Israèl|Minister of Justice]] | term_start4 = 2006 | term_end4 = 2007 | primeminister4 = [[Ehud Olmert]] | preceded4 = [[Meir Sheetrit]] | succeeded4 = [[Daniel Friedmann]] | office5 = [[Agriculture Minister of Israèl|Minister of Agriculture]] | term_start5 = 2002 | term_end5 = 2003 | primeminister5 = [[Ariel Sharon]] | preceded5 = [[Shalom Simhon]] | succeeded5 = [[Yisrael Katz (politician born 1955)|Yisrael Katz]] | office6 = [[Immigrant Absorption Minister of Israèl|Minister of Immigrant Absorption]] | term_start6 = 2003 | term_end6 = 2006 | primeminister6 = [[Ariel Sharon]]<br />[[Ehud Olmert]] | preceded6 = [[Ariel Sharon]] | succeeded6 = [[Ze'ev Boim]] | office7 = [[Housing and Construction Minister of Israèl|Minister of Housing and Construction]] | term_start7 = 2004 | term_end7 = 2005 | primeminister7 = [[Ariel Sharon]] | preceded7 = [[Effi Eitam]] | succeeded7 = [[Issac Herzog]] | party = [[Kadima]] (since 2005)<br />[[Likud]] (To 2005) | religion = [[Judaism]] | spouse = Naftali Spitzer | children = Omri Spitzer<br>Yuval Spitzer | rank = [[Lieutenant]] | allegiance = {{flagicon|Israèl}} [[Israèl]] | branch = [[Israèl Defense Forces]] | unit = Officer School }} Tziporah Malkah "Tzipi" Livni (basa [[Ibrani]]: ציפורה מלכה "ציפי " לבני, lair ana [[Tel Aviv]], [[Israèl]], 8 Juli 1958; umur 56 taun) ya iku [[Mantri Urusan Luar Negeri Israèl]] uga [[Wakil Mahamantri]] [[Israèl]].<ref name="RK bc">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tzipi-Livni|title=Tzipi Livni ISRAELI POLITICIAN|last1=Susser|first1=Leslie D.|date=18 March 2015|work=|publisher=britannica.com|access-date=10 September 2016}}</ref><ref name="RK zi">{{cite web|url=http://www.zionism-israel.com/bio/Tzipi_Livni.htm|title=Zionism and Israel - Biographies Tzipi Livni|last1=Isseroff|first1=Ami|date=September 2008|work=|publisher=zionism-israel.com|access-date=10 September 2016}}</ref> Livni uga dadi ketua anggota parté [[Kadima]].<ref name="RK bc"/> Livni ya iku putri saka [[Eitan Livni]], mantan anggota sayap militér [[Irgun Tzwai Le'umi]], dhèwèkké ya iku anggota saka parté [[Likud]].<ref name="RK bc"/> Livni namataké pasinaoné ana jurusan [[hukum]] [[Universitas Bar-Ilan]].<ref name="RK bc"/><ref name="RK zi"/> Livni naté ngabdi ing nagarané dadi [[Letnan]] ana [[Pasukan Pertahanan Israèl]] (utawa kerep mau ''Israèl Defence Force IDF'').<ref name="RK bc"/><ref name="RK zi"/> Ana purwa taun 80-an, Livni alih dadi agèn dinas rahasia [[Israèl]], [[Mossad]].<ref name="RK bc"/><ref name="RK zi"/> Livni duwé panggon panguripané ana ing [[Tel Aviv]].<ref name="RK bc"/> == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == *[http://www.tzipilivni.co.il Tzipi Livni's official website] {{he icon}} *[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tzipi-Livni] *[https://www.theguardian.com/world/tzipi-livni Laman web The Guardian] *[http://www.haaretz.com/misc/tags/1.476796-1.476796 Laman web Haaretz] *[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-36697324 Laman web BBC] *[http://www.timesofisrael.com/topic/tzipi-livni/ Laman web Times of Israel] *[http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/secret-meeting-between-egyptian-salafist-and-tzipi-livni-causes-controversy-2074031569 Laman web Middle East Eye] {{Commons category|Tzipi Livni}} {{Wikiquote}} *{{MKlink|id=213}} *{{C-SPAN|tzipilivni}} *{{Charlie Rose view|339}} *{{Guardiantopic|world/tzipi-livni}} *{{Haaretztopic|Tzipi_Livni}} *{{JPosttopic|Tzipi_Livni}} *{{Nndb|212/000162723}} {{start box}} {{succession box | before = [[Silvan Shalom]]| title = [[Mantri Luar Negeri Israèl|Mantri Urusan Luar Negeri]]|years=[[2006]]–Saiki| after = ''Isih Njabat''}} {{succession box | before = [[Ehud Olmert]]| title = [[Wakil Pimpinan Israèl|Wakil Mahamantri Israèl]]|years=[[2006]]–Saiki| after = ''Isih Njabatt''}} {{end box}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Livni, Tzipi}} [[Kategori:Politikus Israèl]] [[Kategori:Vegetarian]] [[Kategori:Artikel Wiki Mrebawani]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Israèl]] [[Kategori:Lair 1958]] {{pulitikus-stub}} edybmvrd3w2n3eho3upkddo1jgcaun2 0 107818 1731555 1498910 2025-07-03T20:39:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731555 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Stadio Manuzzi7.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Stadhion Manuzzi Kandhang A.C. Cesena]] {{Football club infobox | clubname = Cesena | image = [[Gambar:AC_Cesena_Logo.svg|140px|Logo AC Cesena]]| fullname = Associazione Calcio<br />Cesena SpA | nickname = ''Cavalluccio Marino'' (Kuda Laut) | founded = [[1940]] | ground = [[Stadhion Manuzzi]],<br />[[Cesena]], [[Itali]] | capacity = 23.900 | chrtitle = Présidhèn | chairman = Igor Campedelli | mgrtitle = Pelatih | manager = [[Pierpaolo Bisoli]]| league = [[Serie A]] | |season = [[Serie B 2013–14|2013–14]] |position = kaping 4 ''(promosi lwt playoff)'', <br>Serie B |season1 = [[Serie B 2012–13|2012–13]] |position1 = ka-14, Serie B |season2 = [[Serie A 2011–12|2011–12]] |position2 = ke-20 ''(degradasi)'', <br>Serie A |website = http://www.cesenacalcio.it/ |current = Serie A 2013–14 |pattern_la1=_cesena1112h |pattern_b1=_cesena1112h |pattern_ra1=_cesena1112h |pattern_sh1=_maccles1112A |pattern_so1=_3_stripes_black |leftarm1=ffffff |body1=ffffff |rightarm1=ffffff |shorts1=000000 |socks1=ffffff |pattern_la2=_maccles1112a |pattern_b2=_maccles1112a |pattern_ra2=_maccles1112a |pattern_sh2=_maccles1112a |pattern_so2=_3_stripes_white |leftarm2=000000 |body2=000000 |rightarm2=000000 |shorts2=FFFFFF |socks2=000000 |pattern_la3= _gre10a |pattern_b3 = _tomsk11a |pattern_ra3= _gre10A |pattern_sh3 = _tomsk11a |pattern_so3 = _color_3_stripes_white |leftarm3=FFFFFF |body3=FFFFFF |rightarm3=FFFFFF |shorts3=FFFFFF |socks3=0000FF }} '''A.C. Cesena''' ya iku nama tim [[bal-balan]] [[Italia]]. Minangka duwé basis ing [[Cesena]], [[Emilia-Romagna]]. Tim iki madeg ing [[taun]] 1940 kanthi migunakaké [[warna]] kostum utama [[ireng]]-[[putih.]] == Sajarah == Cesena madeg ing [[taun]] [[1940]], Cesena uga ngegayut [[Serie B]] ing taun [[1968]] lan promosi ka [[Serie A]] minangka kapisanankang kacathet ing taun [[1973]] déning juru main andalan kaya ta [[Pierluigi Cera]] lan [[Gianluigi Savoldi]]. Cesena mungkasake mangsa kapisanan ing Serie A kanthi manggoni paringkat 11 ing klasemen pungkasan lan nyabet paringkat ing mangsa sabanjuré.Ing mangsa [[1975]]-[[1976]], Cesena ngawe lan di nyaathet amarga sakabenahe pangemar lan panonton gumun amarga bisa mungkasi ing paringkat 6 lan kalebu kualifikasi ing [[Piala UEFA]], nanging prèstasi kang ora bisa ditetahanake kara Cesena ngalami kamudunan ing mangsa sabanjuré Sawijining promosi ka Serie A kaloro kadadéan ing taun [[1981]] lan ngasilaké kompetisi ing paringkat 10 kinormatan uga uncat degradasi ing taun 1983, lan netepi ing Serie B sajeroning papat taun. Sawisé menang parté play-off, Casena moncer ing Serie A tumuju mangsa 1987-1988 lan duwé kadudukan ing Serie A sajeroning papat taun tumuju ngindari hanya degradasi. == Skuad saiki == {{updated|28 Juli 2014}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cesenacalcio.it/index.php?mod=news&id=1944|title=I convocati per il ritiro di Acquapartita|date=13 July 2013|accessdate=16 July 2013|publisher=AC Cesena|language=Italin|archive-date=12 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112232608/http://www.cesenacalcio.it/index.php?mod=news&id=1944|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{fs start}} {{Fs player|no= 1|nat=ITA|pos=GK|name=[[Nicola Leali]]|other=pinjaman dari [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]]}} {{Fs player|no= 2|nat=ROM|pos=DF|name=[[Constantin Nica]] |other=pinjaman dari [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]]}} {{Fs player|no= 5|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Luigi Giorgi]] |other=pinjaman dari [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]]}} {{Fs player|no= 6|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=[[Stefano Lucchini]]}} {{Fs player|no= 8|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Giuseppe De Feudis]]}} {{Fs player|no= 9|nat=ESP|pos=FW|name=[[Alejandro Rodríguez de Miguel|Alejandro Rodríguez]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Manuel Coppola]]}} {{Fs player|no=14|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=[[Massimo Volta]]|other=silihan saka [[U.C. Sampdoria|Sampdoria]]}} {{Fs player|no=15|nat=SLO|pos=DF|name=[[Luka Krajnc]]}} {{Fs player|no=17|nat=ISL|pos=DF|name=[[Hörður Björgvin Magnússon|Hörður Magnússon]]|other=silihan saka [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]]}} {{Fs player|no=18|nat=BIH|pos=FW|name=[[Milan Đurić]]}} {{Fs player|no=19|nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=[[Davide Succi]]}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=23|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Andrea Tabanelli]]}} {{Fs player|no=24|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=[[Gabriele Perico]]}} {{Fs player|no=25|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=[[Daniele Capelli]] |other=silihan saka [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]]}} {{Fs player|no=30|nat=ITA|pos=GK|name=[[Federico Agliardi]]}} {{Fs player|no=33|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=[[Francesco Renzetti]]}} {{Fs player|no=34|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Emmanuel Cascione]]}} {{Fs player|no=44|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Riccardo Cazzola]] |other=silihan saka [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]]}} {{Fs player|no=61|nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=[[Luca Garritano]]}} {{Fs player|no=77|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name=[[José Eduardo de Araújo|Zé Eduardo]] }} {{Fs player|no=81|nat=ITA|pos=GK|name=[[Walter Bressan]]}} {{Fs player|no=89|nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=[[Guido Marilungo]] |other=silihan saka [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]]}} {{Fs player|no=92|nat=FRA|pos=FW|name=[[Grégoire Defrel]]}} {{Fs end}} === Disilihake === {{fs start}} {{Fs player|nat=ITA|pos=GK|name=[[Riccardo Melgrati]]|other=ke [[F.C. Südtirol|Südtirol]]}} {{Fs player|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Leonardo Arrigoni|other=ke [[Forlì F.C.|Forlì]]}} {{Fs player|nat=GUI|pos=DF|name=[[Ismaël Karba Bangoura|Ismaël Bangoura]]|other=ke [[San Marino Calcio|San Marino]]}} {{Fs player|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=[[Fabio Reato]] |other=ke [[Forlì F.C.|Forlì]]}} {{Fs player|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Tommaso Arrigoni]]|other=ke [[Forlì F.C.|Forlì]]}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Nicola Capellini]]|other=ke [[Forlì F.C.|Forlì]]}} {{Fs player|nat=BIH|pos=MF|name=Marco Đurić|other=ke [[Forlì F.C.|Forlì]]}} {{Fs player|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Stefano Sensi|other=ke [[San Marino Calcio|San Marino]]}} {{Fs player|nat=MNE|pos=FW|name=Saša Čičarević|other=ke [[San Marino Calcio|San Marino]]}} {{Fs player|nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=[[Sacha Cori]]|other=ke [[Cosenza Calcio|Cosenza]]}} {{fs end}} === Cadangan === {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no= 4|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Luca Valzania}} {{Fs player|no=16|nat=ITA|pos=GK|name=Alberto Iglio}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Abdul Yabré}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=32|nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=[[Gabriele Moncini]]}} {{Fs player|no=36|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Lorenzo Saporetti}} {{Fs end}} === Primavera === {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=17|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Marco Paolini}} {{Fs player|no=18|nat=MNE|pos=MF|name=Saša Čičarević}} {{Fs player|no=28|nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=Nicolò Lolli}} {{Fs player|no=29|nat=GUI|pos=MF|name=Ismaël Bangoura}} {{Fs player|no=31|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Pasquale Lo Russo}} {{Fs player|no=32|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Abdul Yabré}} {{Fs player|no=34|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Filippo Fabbri}} {{Fs player|no=35|nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Stefano Sensi|other= [[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=38|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Nicholas Arrigoni}} {{Fs player|no=44|nat=ARG|pos=GK|name=Emmanuel Pontet}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=GK|name=Marco Quadrelli}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Davide Cesarini}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Giacomo Faccini}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=Jacopo Poponcini}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ARG|pos=DF|name=Alejandro Sánchez}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Erik Ballardini}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Federico Filippucci}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Matteo Gaiani}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=[[Jacopo Luppi]]}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Roberto Pironi|other= silihan saka Real Misano}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=MF|name=Alessandro Saporetti}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=Tommaso Bertoni}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=Edoardo Bonicelli}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=Matteo Fabbri}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=Michele Genuario}} {{Fs player|no= |nat=ITA|pos=FW|name=Antonio Gravina}} {{Fs end}} Sumber: [http://www.transfermarkt.com/en/cesena-primavera/startseite/verein_20106.html] == Mantan juru main == {{col-start}} {{col-2}} * {{flagicon|Albania}} [[Erjon Bogdani]] * {{flagicon|Albania}} [[Florian Myrtaj]] * {{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Abdelkader Ghezzal]] * {{flagicon|Argentina}} [[Germán Denis]] * {{flagicon|Austria}} [[Walter Schachner]] * {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Paulo Silas]] * {{flagicon|Chile}} [[Luis Antonio Jiménez|Luis Jiménez]] * {{flagicon|Croatia}} [[Igor Budan]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Massimo Agostini]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Massimo Ambrosini]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Alessandro Bianchi]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Antonio Candreva]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Alberto Fontana]] {{col-2}} * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Emanuele Giaccherini]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Simone Del Nero]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Dario Hübner]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Vincenzo Iaquinta]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Ruggiero Rizzitelli]] * {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Sebastiano Rossi]] * {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Yuto Nagatomo]] * {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Adrian Mutu]] * {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Daniel Pancu]] * {{flagicon|San Marino}} [[Massimo Bonini]] * {{flagicon|Senegal}} [[Papa Waigo]] * {{flagicon|Uruguay}} [[Jorge Andrés Martínez|Jorge Martínez]] * {{flagicon|Yugoslavia}} [[Vladislav Đukić]] * {{flagicon|Yugoslavia}} [[Davor Jozić]] {{col-end}} == Titel == * '''[[Lega Pro Prima Divisione|Serie C/Serie C1/Lega Pro]]:''' ** '''Juara (3):''' [[Serie C 1967-68|1967–68]], [[Serie C1 1997-98|1997–98]], [[2008–09 Lega Pro Prima Divisione|2008–09]] ** '''Juara Play-off (1):''' [[2003–04 Serie C1|2003–04]] * '''[[Coppa Italia Lega Pro|Coppa Italia Serie C]]:''' ** '''Juara (1):''' 2003–04 ** '''Runner-up (1):''' 1997–98 * '''[[Prima Divisione]]:''' ** '''Juara (1):''' 1940–41 * '''[[Serie D]]:''' ** '''Juara (1):''' [[Serie D 1959–60|1959–60]] * '''Promozione Regionale:''' ** '''Juara (2):''' 1952–53, 1956–57 == Rujukan == {{reflist}} {{Serie B}} [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Italia|Cesena]] {{italia-sb-stub}} 5qlrbhln0gk6iywj0o78s9tbpdsohqf 0 137402 1731547 1667052 2025-07-03T17:44:01Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Officeholder |honorific-prefix = <small>[[Mayor]] [[Arhanud|Arh.]] ([[Purnawirawan|Purn.]]) [[Haji|H.]]</small> |name = Yoyok Riyo Sudibyo |image = Yoyok Riyo Sudibyo Official.png |imagesize = |caption = |office = Bupati Batang |order = 9 |term_start = [[13 Fèbruari]] [[2012]] |term_end = |president = [[Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono]] <br /> [[Joko Widodo]] |governor = [[Bibit Waluyo]]{{br}}[[Ganjar Pranowo]] |predecessor = [[Bambang Bintoro]] |successor = |lieutenant = [[Soetadi]] |appointed = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1972|04|23}} <ref>Kabupatèn Batang:[http://batangkab.go.id/?page_id=317 Yoyok Rio Sudibyo], diakses 24 Januari 2016; 13:28</ref> |birth_place = {{Flagicon|Indonésia}} [[Batang]], [[Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]] |death_date = |death_place = |nationality = {{Flagicon|Indonésia}} [[Indonésia]] |spouse = Hj. Budi Prasetiyawati, S.Sos |relations = |children = |allegiance = {{flag|Indonésia}} |serviceyears = 1994-2006 |rank = [[Berkas:Pdu mayortni staf.png|25px]] [[Mayor]] |branch = [[Berkas:Lambang TNI AD.png|25px]] [[TNI Angkatan Darat]] |unit = [[Arhanud]] <br /> [[Badan Intelijen Negara]] |battles = |awards = |laterwork = |alma_mater = [[Akademi Militer]] |occupation = [[Tentara]] <br /> [[Wirausaha]] <br /> [[Bupati]] |profession = |religion = [[Islam]] |signature = |website =http://yoyokriyo.com |footnotes = |party=[[Berkas:UzdbJdjl.jpg|20px|link=Partai Solidaritas Indonésia]] [[Partai Solidaritas Indonésia]]}} '''[[Mayor]] [[Arhanud|Arh.]] ([[Purnawirawan|Purn.]]) [[Haji|H.]] Yoyok Riyo Sudibyo''' ({{lahirmati|[[Kabupatèn Batang]], [[Jawa Tengah]]|23|4|1972}}) ya iku [[Pratélan Bupati Batang|Bupati Batang]] madeg awit tanggal [[13 Fèbruari]] [[2012]] tekan taun 2017. Bebarengan karo wakilé, Soetadi, dhèwèké dilantik tanggal [[13 Fèbruari]] [[2012]] déning Gubernur [[Jawa Tengah]], [[Bibit Waluyo]], sawisé mimpang ing Pemilihan Kepala Daerah [[Kabupatèn Batang]] sasi Dhésèmber 2011 kanthi ngumpulaké 113.027 suara (40,03 persèn) ngalahaké rong calon liyané, ya iku Susi Iriani-Lafran Panca Putranto (62.397 swara utawa 22,10 persèn), lan Dheddy Irawan-Mujarwo (107.992 swara utawa 37,87 persèn).<ref>Lensa Indonesia: [http://www.lensaindonesia.com/2011/12/11/yoyok-riyo-sudibyo-sutadi-dipastikan-menang-pilkada-batang.html Yoyok Riyo Sudibyo-Sutadi Dipastikan Menang Pilkada Batang] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014094627/http://www.lensaindonesia.com/2011/12/11/yoyok-riyo-sudibyo-sutadi-dipastikan-menang-pilkada-batang.html |date=2017-10-14 }}, diakses 27 April 2017</ref> Yoyok lan Soetadi ngusung visi “Birokrasi Bersih, Ékonomi Bangkit”.<ref>News Detik:[https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3421843/selesai-menjabat-eks-bupati-batang-tinggal-di-rumah-kontrakan Selesai Menjabat, Eks Bupati Batang Tinggal di Rumah Kontrakan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014230820/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3421843/selesai-menjabat-eks-bupati-batang-tinggal-di-rumah-kontrakan |date=2022-10-14 }}, diakses 27 April 2017</ref><ref>Jateng TribunNews: [http://jateng.tribunnews.com/2017/03/14/yoyok-dagangan-saya-hancur-selama-saya-jadi-bupati-sekarang-waktunya-membenahi Yoyok: Dagangan Saya Hancur Selama Saya Jadi Bupati, Sekarang Waktunya Membenahi], diakses 27 April 2017</ref><ref>Regional Kompas: [http://regional.kompas.com/read/2015/11/05/16100981/Mengenal.Bupati.Yoyok.Mayor.Edan.Penerima.Bung.Hatta.Award.2015 Mengenal Bupati Yoyok, "Mayor Edan" Penerima Bung Hatta Award 2015], diakses 27 April 2017</ref> ==Latar wuri== Yoyok Rio Sudibyo ngrampungaké pawiyatan [[Akademi Militer]] ing taun 1994. Sapérang tugas naté diemban ing antarané perwira operasi Detasemen Intel Kodam Jaya, Jakarta taun 2001, Komandan Koramil 03 Tanjung Priok, Jakarta Lor taun 2002, lan Komandan Satgas Badan Intelijen Negara (BIN) laladan Jayawijaya, Papua taun 2004. Nalika didhapuk dadi Danramil 03 Tanjung Priok, Yoyok kalebu Danramil sing paling nom sa-[[Indonesia]]. Ing taun 2006, Yoyok Riyo gawé kaputusan pensiun gasik, lan mungkasi lumakuné ing dhinas militèr. Dhèwèké luwih milih ngemunah usaha garmen sing wis dirintis sadurungé. Pilihané kanggo pensiun ndadèkké perang batin, antarané nutukaké dadi bala utawa mandheg. Nanging pungkasé Yoyok teteg lan ora lila yèn ora ngopèni atusan pegawé sing wis prasetya. Salawasé taun 2006 tumeka 2012, dhèwèké njabat dadi Direktur Utama PT Smile Papua dan PT Papua Maju Sejahtera. Ya ing mangsa kuwi, usaha garmen sing ditelaténi maju saéngga nduwé toko cacahé sewidak ing Papua lan Batang. Ing Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kabupatèn Batang 2012, Yoyok wiwitané arep maju minangka calon indhepènden, disengkuyung déning golongan masarakat, wong tani lan para pangemunah yeyasan swadaya masarakat (LSM). Nanging ing wektu-wektu nyedhaki pandhaptaran ing Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD), partai-partai pulitik mratélakké sengkuyungané, saéngga pasangan Yoyok-Soetadi kacathet minangka calon sing disengkuyung déning [[Parté Golongan Karya]], [[Parté Amanat Nasional]] (PAN), [[Parté Persatuan Pembangunan]] (PPP), [[Parté Dhémokrat]], lan sapérang partè sing ora duwé kursi ing gedhong dewan. == Pangaji == * Satya Lencana Kesetiaan VIII, 2002 * [[Bung Hatta Award|Bung Hatta Anti-Corruption Award (BHACA) 2015]] * Bintang Legiun Veteran Republik Indonesia, 2016 == Rujukan == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Tokoh dari Batang]] [[Kategori:Bupati Batang]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa Tengah]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]] [[Kategori:Artikel Wiki Mrebawani II kalamangsa 1]] q68ph03odel3dutrdhak5nrcw91i70h 0 159375 1731570 1625345 2025-07-04T01:25:37Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731570 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Andreas Granqvist 2018.jpg|250px|thumb|Andreas Granqvist ing Tim Nasional Swèdhen Piala Donya Ruslan 2018|al=]] '''Andréas Granqvist''' <ref>{{Cite news|url=|title=Andreas Granqvist, Si "Pohon Natal" dari Swèdhen|last=Yunus|first=Saiful Rual|date=2018-07-02|work=Kompas|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=}}</ref> ya iku salah sijiné pamaén [[bal-balan]] kang lair ana ing Paarp, Swèdhen, 16 April 1985, kanthi dhuwur 1,92 mèter. Dhèwèké minangka ''bèg'' tengah lan kaptin bal-balan ing [[Swèdhen]] kang aran ''Blagult'' utawa tim biru-kuning. Dhèwèké amung duwé loro ancas minangka pamaén bal-balan kang wasis, ya iku ngupaya sabecik-beciké lan menangaké pasanggiri sajroning bal-balan ing lapangan. [[Piala donya bal-balan|Piala Donya]] dadi impènané Granqvist wiwit umur 20 taun. Kamangka, dhèwèke wus kagabung ana ing tim nasional Swèdhen wiwit taun 2006, nanging sewates kualifikasi Piala Donya. Amarga pènsiunané Ibrahimovic, njalari Granqvist bisa ana manèh ing tim nasional iki. == Pakaryan/Karir == Granqvist kang urip ana ing Paarp, tlatah kidul Swedhèn, miwiti pakaryan bal-balan kanthi wasis ing Helsinborgs IF taun 2004 nalika umuré  20 taun. Telung taun aktif ing bal-balan, dhèwèké banjur menyang [[Inggris]] lan kagabung ing Wigan Athletic. Amarga ora krasan, dhèwèké metu saka Wigan Athletic lan kagabung ana ing Tim Nasional Krasnodar, Ruslan nganti limang taun. Ing tahun 2018, Granqvist bali menyang Swèdhen manèh lan gabung karo Tim Nasional Helsingborgs, Swèdhen. Saiki, dhèwèke ngutamakaké mbéla, ngupadi negarané dhéwé yaiku kanthi menangaké Piala Donya 2018. == Kiprah ing jagad bal-balan == Sakwisé kagabung manèh karo tim ing Swedhèn, pasanggiri kapisan kang dilakoni ya iku nglawan Koréa Selatan, dhèwèké kanthi prigel bisa ndayani kiperé negara Gingséng kanthi skor 1-0.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sport.detik.com/sepakbola/man-of-the-match/d-4087542/lupakan-ibrahimovic-swedia-kini-di-pundak-andreas-granqvist|title=Lupakan Ibrahimovic, Swèdhen Kini di Pundak Andreas Granqvist|last=Sururi|first=Andi Abdullah|date=2018-06-28|website=|publisher=Detik.Com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514071800/https://sport.detik.com/sepakbola/man-of-the-match/d-4087542/lupakan-ibrahimovic-swedia-kini-di-pundak-andreas-granqvist|archive-date=2019-05-14|url-status=dead|access-date=}}</ref> ​​​​​Tumeka ''babak penyisihan'' grup Piala Donya, dhèwèké bisa nggawa regu lan negarané ing posisi paling dhuwur Grup F. Regu ''Blagult'' utawa tim biru-kuning iku bisa nglumpukaké enem ''poin'' padha karo Mexico kang lolos ing babak 16''.'' Pasanggiri kapindho yaiku dina Rebu (27/6/2018), ing pasanggiri pungkasan nglawan [[Mèksiko|Mexico]], kang dipandhégani déning Granqvist, Swedhèn nuduhaké upaya kang becik. Ana ing posisi katelu sakngisoré Mèxico lan [[Jerman]], Swedhèn kudu menang supaya bisa lumebu pasanggiri sabanjuré. Granqvist minangka ''pemain bertahan,'' katon waé ana ing ngarep gawang Mexico, ngéwangi kanca-kancané nalika nyerang lan golèk kalodhangan supaya bisa nyéthak gol. Gol iku dadi gol kapindho Granqvist uga pinalti kapindho kang bisa gol. === Granqvist minangka ''"Pria Tua"'' === Piala Donya 2018 pancèn dadi impènané Granqvist. Dhèwèké mangerti, ing umuré kang wis ora enom, bisa lolos lan maén ing pasanggiri bal-balan paling gedhé iku ora gampang lan durung mesthi bisa dadi kalodhangan kang bisa teka kaping pindho. mandhégani kanca-kancané wiwit ''babak kualifikasi,'' Granqvist katon wasis anggone nglawan mungsuhé ing lapangan. Nalika nglawan [[Itali]]a ing sasi Novèmber kapungkur, kang dadi pamaén utama ya iku Granqvist lan Victor Lindelof. Pungkasan, tim kang dipandhégani bisa lumebu babak saterusé, sawisé kalah kaping pindho ing babak kualifikasi. Lelakon kang bisa waé amung dilakoni kaping pisan déning Granqvist ing umuré kang wis 33 taun. == Prestasi == Granqvist bisa nggawa tim Swedhèn dadi tim kang wasis, dudu dadi pamaén-pamaén kang wasis. ''The Independent'' ngundang dhèwèké minangka paraga pangupaya tinimbang juru maén bal-balan, kang mesthi duwé upaya kang becik sajroning pasanggiri. Kamangka, Granqvist wis maén karo Tim Nasional Swedhèn U-21 wiwit taun 2006 kepungkur. Amarga ''kualifikasi'' Piala Donya lan pènsiunané Ibrahimovic, ndadèkaké dhèwèké misuwur manèh. === Gol Internasional : === * Piala Donya taun 2018, babak ''kualifikasi'' ''fase'' grup nglawan [[Koréa Kidul]], minangka gol kapisan * Piala Donya taun 2018, babak ''kualifikasi'' ''fase'' grup nglawan México kanthi tendhangan pinalti, minangka gol kapindho lan tendhangan pinalti kapindho == Pangaji == Amarga kaprigelané kang becik anggone tandhing lan mandhédani kanca-kancané, Granqvist éntuk pangaji minangka paraga bal-balan kang wasis Swèdhen taun 2017, yaiku kang misuwur kanthi jeneng ''Guldbollen'' utawa paraga paling apik Swèdhèn taun 2017. Pangaji iku dadi bab kang ndadèkaké Granqvist samsaya prigel ing pasanggiri Piala Donya Ruslan. Para warga ing Swèdhen padha nyeluk kanthi jeneng ''“Granen”'' kang ateges wit [[natal]], amarga saka pangaribawané kang kukuh lan gawé pepadhang ing Swèdhèn. Saka kekadéyan iku, Granqvist samsaya misuwur lan dikenal déning warga lan lembaga-lembaga ing Swèdhen. == Rujukan == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan]] [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan Swèdhen]] 3xnfge60xv4qk1h3uo1unz3x2f2r1x8 0 160711 1731591 1708793 2025-07-04T06:23:05Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=Before I Sleep|image=B-i-s-poster.jpg|caption=Promotional poster|director=Aaron Sharff<br>Billy Sharff|producer=Aaron Sharff<br>Billy Sharff|screenplay=Aaron Sharff<br>Billy Sharff|story=|starring=[[David Warner (actor)|David Warner]]<br>[[Tom Sizemore]]<br>[[Bonnie Wright]]<br>[[Cynthia Gibb]]<br>[[Eric Roberts]]<br>[[Eugene Simon]]|music=Billy Sharff|cinematography=Matt Bucy|editing=|studio=Elemental Cinema|distributor=<!-- Any information about distribution (or financing) deals will not be permitted without a proper source. -->|released={{film date|df=y|2013|10|19|[[Heartland Film Festival]]}}|runtime=82 minutes<ref name="a" />|country=United States|language=English|budget=|gross=}} '''''Before I Sleep''''' nggih punika [[drama]] saking [[film]] [[Amerika Serikat|Amérikah Sarékat]] ingkang dipundamel déning [[Elemental Cinema]] taun 2013. Filem punika dipunarahaken déning Aaron Sharff lan Billy Sharff, ingkang ngrangkep minangka panganggit skénario. Para juru paraga ingkang kadhapuk maragani filem punika antawisipun [[David Warner (actor)|David Warner]], [[Tom Sizemore]], [[Bonnie Wright]], [[Cynthia Gibb]], [[Eric Roberts]], [[Eugene Simon]], [[Campbell Scott]], lan [[Chevy Chase]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snitchseeker.com/harry-potter-news/video-bonnie-wright-in-before-i-sleep-shakespeares-daughter-films-first-look-93728/|title=Video: Bonnie Wright in "Before I Sleep" ("Shakespeare's Daughter") film's first look|access-date=27 Juni 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mugglenet.com/app/news/show/6886|title=First clip of Bonnie Wright in 'Before I Sleep'|access-date=27 Juni 2013|archive-date=2014-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223033740/http://www.mugglenet.com/app/news/show/6886|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://unitedagents.co.uk/eugene-simon|title=Eugene Simon|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811035433/http://unitedagents.co.uk/eugene-simon|archive-date=11 Agustus 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=27 Juni 2013|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://unitedagents.co.uk/bonnie-wright|title=Bonnie Wright|access-date=27 Juni 2013|archive-date=2010-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608154249/http://unitedagents.co.uk/bonnie-wright|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sadèrèngipun, filem punika diparingi sesirah ''Shakespeare's Daughter'', nanging salajengipun dipunowahi dados ''Before I Sleep''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.davidwarnerfilm.co.uk/shakespearesdaughter.htm|title=Shakespeare's Daughter|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002224830/http://www.davidwarnerfilm.co.uk/shakespearesdaughter.htm|archive-date=2 Oktober 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=30 Sèptèmber 2013|df=}}</ref> Filem punika kaping pisan kagiyaraken wonten adicara [[Heartland Film Festival]] ing surya19 Oktober 2013.<ref name="a">{{cite web|url=http://heartlandfilm.org/movies/before-i-sleep/|title=HLF: Before I Sleep|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140923063221/http://heartlandfilm.org/movies/before-i-sleep/|archive-date=23 Sèptèmber 2014 <!--DASHBot-->|url-status=live|access-date=30 Juli 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.trulymovingpictures.org/wp-content/uploads/2013HFFGuideBook.pdf|title=2013 Heartland Film Festival Guide|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023061936/http://www.trulymovingpictures.org/wp-content/uploads/2013HFFGuideBook.pdf|archive-date=23 Oktober 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=22 Oktober 2013|df=}}</ref> == Juru paraga == * [[David Warner (actor)|David Warner]] minangka Eugene Devlin * [[Tom Sizemore]] minangka Randy * [[Cynthia Gibb]] minangka Caroline * [[Eric Roberts]] minangka David * [[Chevy Chase]] minangka Gravedigger * [[Bonnie Wright]] minangka Phoebe * [[Eugene Simon]] minangka Eugene nèm - umur 20 * [[Campbell Scott]] minangka Eugene nèm - umur 48 * [[Sasha Spielberg]] minangka Rachel * [[Jamie Bamber]] minangka Paul * [[James Rebhorn]] minangka Priest * [[Alice St. Clair]] minangka Zooey * Tanner Flood minangka Child Eugene * [[Clare Foley]] minangka Child Phoebe * [[George Woodard]] minangka penyanyi * John Blyth Barrymore minangka pemain piano * [[Rusty DeWees]] minangka Nurse * Caley Chase minangka Geena * Daniel Edwin Adams minangka Parishioner * Eva Schiffman minangka Little Girl * Chris Lamica Ho minangka Second Worker == Pandamelan == Aaron dan Billy nyerat skénario kagem filem niki awit taun 2011, ingkang nyariyosaken babagan penyair [[Amerika Serikat]] Eugene.<ref name="b">{{cite web|url=http://www.reformer.com/news/ci_19941738|title=Filmmaking duo -- local brothers -- work on new project|access-date=20 Sèptèmber 2013|archive-date=2013-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003144712/http://www.reformer.com/news/ci_19941738|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pamundhutan gambar klèntu dumunung wonten [[The Frost Place]], rumiyin museum lan griyanipun [[penyair]] [[Robert Frost]].<ref name="b" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://shaxnews.wordpress.com/2011/11/17/a-new-film-uses-shakespeares-name-to-portray-a-salinger-like-artist/|title=Frost Place is backdrop to New England filmmakers’ new project, ‘Shakespeare’s Daughter’|access-date=20 Sèptèmber 2013}}</ref> Proses prodhuksi kawiwitan ing [[New England]], [[Amerika Serikat]] surya 22 Juni 2012, ing [[Vermont]], lajeng boyong wonten [[Franconia, New Hampshire]], lan pungkas ing wulan Agustus 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2167145/Bonnie-Wright-Jamie-Campbell-Bower-Young-Potter-stars-split-magic-wears-off.html|title=Young Potter stars split as the magic wears off (well they did get engaged after just six months)|last=Nicholl|first=Katie|date=1 Juli 2012|work=Daily Mail|access-date=27 Juni 2013|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jamiebamberfan.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=489:jamie-bamber-to-film-shakespeares-daughter&catid=83:film-shakespeares-daughter&Itemid=57|title=Jamie Barber to Film Shakespeare's Daughter|access-date=27 Juni 2013|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170330/http://www.jamiebamberfan.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=489:jamie-bamber-to-film-shakespeares-daughter&catid=83:film-shakespeares-daughter&Itemid=57|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/thisisbwright/status/216705379793510401|title=@thisisbwright|access-date=27 Juni 2013}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0hlWLMBNwo|title=Sneak Peek of Eugene Simon and Bonnie Wright in "Before I Sleep"|access-date=27 Juni 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/video/imdb/vi1780133657?ref_=ttvi_vi_imdb_1|title=Trailer (Before I Sleep - Official Trailer)|access-date=17 Novèmber 2014}}</ref> == Rujukan == {{reflist}} == Pranala njawi == * {{IMDb title|tt2396659|Before I Sleep}} * [http://www.iambic-media.com Iambic Media] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128194119/http://www.iambic-media.com/ |date=2020-11-28 }} * [http://www.indicanpictures.com/download/Before%20I%20Sleep%20-%20press%20kit.pdf Before I Sleep Pdf kit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129025930/http://www.indicanpictures.com/download/Before%20I%20Sleep%20-%20press%20kit.pdf |date=2014-11-29 }} [[Kategori:Filem Amérikah Sarékat]] [[Kategori:Filem Amérikah Sarékat taun 2013]] [[Kategori:Filem tahun 2013]] [[Kategori:Filem drama]] [[Kategori:Filem abasa Inggris]] {{stub}} 8dsirintlp1piqz9qi6idi1i9ytcp2q 0 160965 1731580 1655111 2025-07-04T04:15:24Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731580 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bajong Banyu''' ya iku salah sawijiné tradhisi kang dilakokaké déning masarakat ing dhusun Dawung, Désa Banjarnegoro, Kecamatan Mertoyudan, [[Kabupatèn Magelang]], kanggo nyambut sasi pasa. Bajong banyu dianakaké sadurungé pasa kanthi ancas kanggo ngresiki utawa agawé sucining dhiri lan uga resiké ati para masarakat.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-4532191/meriahnya-bajong-banyu-perang-air-jelang-puasa-di-magelang|title=Meriahnya Bajong Banyu, Perang Air Jelang Puasa di Magelang|last=Susanto|first=Eko|date=2019-05-01|work=Detik|access-date=2019-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506174532/https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-4532191/meriahnya-bajong-banyu-perang-air-jelang-puasa-di-magelang|archive-date=2019-05-06|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://regional.kompas.com/read/2017/05/22/09370041/bajong.banyu.tradisi.perang.air.sambut.ramadhan.di.magelang|title=Bajong Banyu, Tradisi Perang Air Sambut Ramadhan di Magelang|last=Fitriana|first=Ika|date=2017-05-22|work=Kompas|access-date=2019-05-07|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=}}</ref> == Filosofi == ''<nowiki/><nowiki/>'' Bajong banyu iku ing basa Indonésia sinebut uga ''<nowiki/>'perang air'''. Ing adicara kasebut uga ana urutan prosèsi kang kudu dilakokaké déning masarakat. Prosèsi iku mau ana prosèsi dedonga kang ancasé kanggo njaluk kasarasan lan rahayu marang Gusti nalika nindakaké pasa ing sasi pasa. Banjur prosèsi bajong banyu utawa perang banyu iku dhéwe nduwèni ancas kanggo ngresiki utawa agawé sucining dhiri lan uga resiké ati. Filosofiné bajong banyu iku mau ya iku para warga padha uncal-uncalan banyu tanpa ana rasa congkrah, ananging namung rasa seneng sing dirasakaké. Kaya ta ing urip padinan, masarakat dikarepaké supaya ora gampang lara ati marang samubarang apa waé. Nalika adicara kasebut wis pungkas, para masarakat ing dhusun Dawung padha apura-apuranan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.liputan6.com/ramadan/read/3956858/bajong-banyu-perang-menyambut-ramadan-di-magelang|title=Bajong Banyu, Perang Menyambut Ramadan di Magelang|last=Prayitno Ige|first=Edhie|date=2019-05-04|work=Liputan6|access-date=2019-05-04|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=}}</ref> Banjur filosofiné banyu sing dijupuk saka sendhang dawung ya iku amarga sendhang Dawung dadi sumbering urip para masarakat ana ing dhusun Dawung. Iku mau disebabaké sendhang Dawung sing ora tau asat kapan waé. Dadi sendhang kasebut kudu dijaga temen déning para masarakat. == Prosèsi == Sadurungé dilakokaké perang banyu, dianakaké manéka warna kesenian dhaerah saka Magelang. Kesenian iku arupa manéka warna tari tradhisional kaya ta [[Topeng Ireng|Topèng Ireng]], Sorèng, [[Jathilan]], Gedruk, lan sapanunggalané. Kesenian iku dianakaké saka ésuk nganti lumebu wayah luhur. Banjur sawisé iku isih dibacutaké manèh nganti tabuh 14.30 WIB. Nalika wis lumebu tabuh 14.30 banjur dilakokaké prosèsi bajong banyu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://krjogja.com/web/news/read/98214/Bajong_Banyu_Tradisi_Unik_Perang_Air_Jelang_Puasa_di_Magelang|title=Bajong Banyu, Tradisi Unik 'Perang Air' Jelang Puasa di Magelang|last=Sigit|first=Agus|date=2019-05-02|work=Kedaulatan Rakyat Jogja|access-date=2019-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502030933/https://krjogja.com/web/news/read/98214/Bajong_Banyu_Tradisi_Unik_Perang_Air_Jelang_Puasa_di_Magelang|archive-date=2019-05-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> Prosèsi bajong banyu diwiwti kanthi njupuk banyu suci saka Sendhang Dawung. Kagiyatan njupuk banyu suci iki dilakokaké déning sesepuh désa banjur dibacutaké déning masarakat kanthi lumaku jèjèr-jèjèr. Piranti kanggo njupuk banyu iku nggunakaké [[kendhi]] kang digawa déning saben-saben wong. Wong-wong mau padha lumaku arak-arakan tumuju sendhang kanthi dikawal karo Bregada. Nalika arak-arakan kuwi mau uga diunèkaké gamelan arupa bonang lan kenong. Nalika wis tekan ana ing sendhang, banjur dianakaké prosèsi manèh ya iku prosési njupuk banyu déning sesepuh désa. Nalika prosèsi iku dilakokaké uga kairingan beksan sing kasebut “Tari Reresik Awak lan Ati” sing dilakokaké dening papat wong. Sawisé sesepuh désa njupuk banyu saka Sendhang Dawung kuwi mau, banjur diarak menyang lapangan sing arep didadèkaké papan kanggo perang banyu. Banyu saka sendhang kuwi mau banjur disokaké ing njero genthong gedhe lan didongani karo para sesepuh désa. Sawisé kuwi, masarakat banjur raup nganggo banyu sing wis didongani mau. Yèn wis rampung anggoné raup, banjur salah siji wasis desa nggebyuraké banyu kuwi mau menyang bocah-bocah. Sawisé kuwi banjur dibacutaké adicara inti ya iku perang banyu. Masarakat padha balang-balangan banyu kang wis dicepakaké kanthi dibungkusi plastik. Banyu iku mau dibalangaké nganti ngenani wong liyané. == Rerasukan == Para wasis désa uga masarakat sing kalebu ana prosèsi bajong banyu iku mau padha nganggo klambi adat nalika prosèsi kasebut dianakaké. Klambi adat kuwi mau wernané putih lan nganggoné kaya klambi kang dinggo wong munggah kaji. Ananging ora kabèh wong nganggo klambi kuwi mau, ana uga sing nganggo beskap lan [[kebaya]]. == Sajèn == Wong-wong sing padha nganggo klambi putih mau lumaku arak-arakan karo nggawa sajèn sing diprelokaké. Sajèn kuwi mau ana kang awujud [[tumpeng]], lawuh arupa ingkung, [[janganan]], lan liyané. == Sing Mèlu == Perang banyu utawa bajong banyu iki dilakoni karo kabèh wong ing dhusun Dawung saben taun nalika arep lumebu sasi pasa, saka bocah-bocah, para mudha, lan uga para wong tuwa. Ananging ora mung warga dhusun Dawung sing bisa mèlu adicara kuwi mau, masarakat liya utawa wong njaba sing kepingin mèlu uga bisa. Sawisé rampung adicara perang banyu iku mau, isih dibacutaké adicara bacuté ya iku pagelaran seni ing wanci wenginé. == Rujukan == <references /> nf5f1gue1j8534g05i89wtenbvotlws 0 160978 1731592 1602583 2025-07-04T06:27:44Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731592 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Dolalak tari.jpg|jmpl|Tari Dolalak]] '''Beksan Dolalak''' ya iku salah sawijining tari tradhisi saka kabupatèn [[Purworejo, Jawa Tengah]]<ref>{{Cite book|title=Materi Pembelajaran Kesenian Tradisional Khas Kabupaten Puiworejo|last=|first=|publisher=Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Purworejo|year=2009|isbn=|location=Purworejo|pages=1}}</ref>. Tembung dolalak kasusun saka tangga nada do-la-la. Tarian iki wus ana wiwit jaman jajahan [[Walanda]]. Kang duwe gagasan gawe tari iki yaiku para saradhadhu utawa prajurit kang lagi ngaso ing ''milisi'' (papan kanggo latian militèr) ing Purworejo. Wusana tari Dolalak kajupuk saka seragam saradhadhu Walanda. Minangka wusana, prathèlan wusana tari Dolalak kui mau duwé guna, antarané migunani kanggo psikis, fisik, artistik, èstètik lan migunani kanggo téateral<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eprints.uny.ac.id/34336/1/SKRIPSI.pdf|title=Nilsi Estetis yang Terkandung dalam Busana tari Angguk Putri di Sanggar Sinar Bakti Desa Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Girimulyo, Kabupaten Kulon Progo|last=Tiofany|first=Margaretha|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref>. == Sejarah == Wusana tari Dolalak kajupuk saka seragam saradhadhu Walanda<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-3954519/dolalak-tarian-purworejo-yang-gambarkan-perilaku-serdadu-kolonial|title=Dolalak, Tarian Purworejo yang Gambarkan Perilaku Sedadu Kolonial|last=Heksantoro|first=Rinto|date=2018-04-05|website=detikNews|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Dene seragam saradhadhu kui mau antarané klambi ireng dawa, kathok cekak warna ireng, sampur, kaos kaki, topi pèt. Wusana tari Dolalak kang ngétokki menawa tari Dolalak kui saka Nuswantara ya iku sampur. Sampur ya iku asésori kang asring ana saben pentas tari. == Kagunaan == ==== Guna psikis ==== Wusana minangka bab kang paling cedhak karo penari bakal gawé penari luwih kepénak anggoné ngaturaké isi kang ana sajroning tari. Wusana uga wujud dhukungan moral kanggo penari supaya bisa nari kanthi saé. ==== Guna fisik ==== Wusana minangka panutup aurat lan pérangan awak liyané kang kudu manut karo tata krama supaya penari bisa nari kanthi saé. Wusana uga bab kang bisa njaga awak saka bab kang marakaké bebaya kanggo penari. ==== Guna artistik ==== Wusana ya iku aspèk kagunan rupa kang bakal gawe idhèntitas tari saka corak (garis, wujud, lan warna). Guna artistik agawé wusana tari uga bisa nambah kaéndahan kang ana sajroning tari. ==== Guna èstètik ==== Wusana minangka bab kang dadi siji kalih awak penari, ing unsur estetik iki bakal agawe tari luwih nyawiji lan bisa dihayati kaéndahane. Aspèk èstètik uga gawe serasi, déné sajian tari kudu bisa gawe titikan lan ancasé tari luwih kétok. ==== Guna téateral ==== Guna téateral sajroning wusana tari kudu bisa ngétokake lakon kang baku ana ing tari jumbuh karo idhéntitas tari. == Komponèn == ==== Klambi ireng lengen dawa ==== Ing bab iki, klambi kang digunakaké ya iku klambi kang lengené dawa lan warnané ireng, jumbuh kalih seragam saradhadhu Walanda kala biyèn. Ing sajroning klambi, ana ornamèn arupa bintang, kupu-kupu, utawa kembang. Biyasane mapan ing sisih mburine utawa pas gegerè klambi. Bisa uga ornamèn simbol sanggar tari. Asèsori liya kang ana ing klambi ya iku ing sisih pundhak ana pangkat. Nalika penari kirig (nari ngobahké pundhak) pangkat iku bakal obah lan dadi ciri khas éndahé tari Dolalak. ==== Kathok cekak ==== Kathok cekak ing tari Dolalak uga ana ornamèn kang gawe éndahing wusana tari. Kathok cekak duwe ancas supaya anggoné nari bisa luwih ènerjik lan kepenak anggone obah. Ananging ukuran cekaking kathok kudu digatekake supaya tetep sopan. ==== Topi pèt ==== Topi pèt ya iku topi khas seragam saradhadhu Walanda kala biyen. Lan saiki dadi ciri khas wusana tari Dolalak amarga sumber inspirasi wusana tari Dolalak ya iku saka wusana serdhahu Walanda. Topi pèt lumrahé ana ornamèn wulu saka benang wol ing sisih ngarep, cacahé bisa siji utawa loro. Dene ing sisih kiwa lan tengen ana asésori wol kang gumantung ngganggo tali menawa wayahe penari ngobahaké sirah, tari bakal samsaya éndah . Topi pèt uga dijangkepi tali kang duwe ancas supaya topi ora gampang tiba uwata mabur. ==== Kaos sikil ==== Wis lumrahé menawa penari tari Dolalak nganggo kaos sikil kang jumbuh karo warna seragam utawa sampur. Kaos sikil iki uga sumber inspirasine saka seragam saradhadhu Walanda. Kaos sikil nambah obahing tari samsaya ènerjik lan sikil para penari ora gamoang kena bab kang gawé bebaya. ==== Sampur ==== Sampur utawa masarakat luwih remen mireng selèndhang ya iku bab kang ora bisa lali saka tari Dolalak. Amarga koréografi ing tari Dolalak uga ana pérangan seblak lan perangan kang kudu nganggo sampur. Sampur uga wis dadi ciri khas wusana tari kanggo tarian ing tanah Jawa. == Rembakaning wusana == Wusana tari Dolalak wus rembaka modhèlé. Saiki wusanané wis ora kudu nganggo klambi ireng lengen dawa. Modhifikasi ana ing bab warna, saiki warna wusana tari Dolalak bisa abang, ijo, wungu, lan sapanunggalé. Lengené uga ana sing wis mobah dadi lengen cekak. Ana manèh klambiné uga ana sing wis mobah dadi mung nganggo kemben lan sisih ngisor ditambahi jarit kaya ta wusana tari Jathilan putri. Wulu ing topi pèt kang saka benang wol saiki uga ana sing wis mobah digawé saka wulu pitik. Luwih rembaka menèh, asésori ing sira bisa ditambahi sanggul cilik lan tanpa topi pèt. Sing kathokké mobah dadi cekak sakdhuwuré dhengkul uga ana. == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Beksan]] [[Kategori:Kagunan]] [[Kategori:Kagunan Jawa]] [[Kategori:Budaya Jawa]] [[Kategori:Budaya Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Warisan budaya]] 0okp1dhjdzzft7olk81c0fk8m5x9cyi 0 163851 1731607 1655363 2025-07-04T11:43:38Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731607 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Buruh migran''' ya iku uwong kang lagi nindakaké sawijiné pakaryan ing papan panggonan sakliyané wong iku lair. Buruh migran iku ora bisa mapan ing kana nganti suwé yén ora duwé tujuwan. Menawa buruh migran kang makarya ana ing nagara liya diarani 'pekerja asing' utawa buruh tamu. Organisasi Tenaga Kerja Nagarantara diétung taun 2014 kanthi 232 yuta migran nagarantara. Paling sethithik nganti 12 wulan manggon ana ing negara liya lan aktif ing kagiyatan ékonomi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=The Contribution of Labour Migration to Improved Development Outcomes|date=2015|title=Mainstreaming of Migration in Development Policy and Integrating Migration in the Post-2015 UN Development Agenda|url=http://www.ilo.org|journal=ILO|volume=|pages=}}</ref> == Prespéktif saka Amérika lan Asia == Ing kéné diandharaké ngenani loro prespéktif kang anané buruh migran saka benuwa Amérika lan Asia. Benua Amérika, ing kéné bakal diandharaké [[Kanadha]], [[Amérikah Latin|Amérika Latin]], lan [[Amérikah Sarékat|Amérika Sarékat]] kang kalebu nagara maju lan sebagiyan nagara ing Asia, bakal dijelasaké 4 nagara, ya iku [[Cina]], [[Indhi|India]], [[Malaysia]] lan [[Indonésia]]. Rata-rata nagara ing Asia kang isih ngrembaka. === Amérika === ==== Kanadha ==== Warga manca ditampa ing Kanadha kanthi sauntara yén dhèwéké duwe visa siswa, nggolék suaka, utawa duwé idin khusus. Nanging, kategori paling gédhé diarani ''Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP)'', lan para karyawan digawa menyang Kanadha déning para juragan kanggo pakaryan tartamtu. Ing taun 2006, ana 265.000 buruh manca ing Kanadha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-008-x/2010002/article/11166-eng.htm|title=Foreign nationals working temporarily in Canada|website=www150.statcan.gc.ca|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> ==== Amérika Latin ==== Para imigran njupuk pakaryan apa baé kang kasedhiya. Pakaryan iku biasané kang migunaké kerja fisik lan éntuk upah kang ora adil. Kahanan iki uga ditegesaké ana ing artikel "Migrant Farmworkers: Is government doing enough to protect them?” lan para imigran ngrasakaké eksploitasi fisik uga éksploitasi ékonomi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=William|first=Triplet|date=2004-10-08|title=Migrant Farmworkers|url=|journal=CQ Researcher 8 October 2004|volume=829|pages=52}}</ref> ==== Amérika Sarékat ==== Green card workers ya iku kertu indhividu kang bisa gawé permanen mapan lan makarya ing Amérika Sarékat. Diversity Immigrant Visa (DV) Amérika Serikat ménéhi idin nganti 50.000 visa imigran kang diwénéhaké saben taun. Bantuwan iki nggampangaké warga manca kanthi imigrasi murah ing Amerika Sarékat kanthi kasempatan kanggo duwéni visa imigrasi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usa.gov/green-cards|title=Green Cards and Permanent Residence in the U.S. USAGov|last=|first=|date=|website=www.usa.gov|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> === Asia === ==== Cina ==== Pamréntah Cina utawa diarani Tiongkok wis nyengkuyung migrasi kanthi tithik minangka cara nyedhiyakaké tenaga kerja ing pabrik lan situs konstruksi. Tujuwané ya iku kanggo ngowahi Cina saka ekonomi karebén dadi digdaya. Akéhé migrasi, Iki amarga wong keturunan Cina umumé dadi anggota kang ngambang ing status, amarga anané ''Chinese Hukou System''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Liang|first=Zai|last2=Ma|first2=Zhongdong|date=2004|title=China's Floating Population: New Evidence from the 2000 Census|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2004.00024.x|journal=Population and Development Review|language=en|volume=30|issue=3|pages=467–488|doi=10.1111/j.1728-4457.2004.00024.x|issn=1728-4457}}</ref> ==== India ==== Ana akéh wong saka Bangladesh lan Nepal marang India ing sawetara dekadé kepungkur kanggo nggolék pakaryan kang luwih apik. Ana sawijné panalitén nemokaké manawa para pekerja migran iki uga nandang gangguan, kekerasan, lan diskriminasi sajroné lelungan. Utamané, wanita Bangladesh kang ana ing bebaya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.odi.org/publications/6087-stories-harassment-violence-and-discrimination-migrant-experiences-between-india-nepal-and|title=Stories of harassment, violence and discrimination: migrant experiences between India, Nepal and Bangladesh|website=ODI|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25|archive-date=2019-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225134400/https://www.odi.org/publications/6087-stories-harassment-violence-and-discrimination-migrant-experiences-between-india-nepal-and|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==== Indonésia ==== Pedunung Indonésia, minangka nomer papat paling gedhé ing donya, wis ménéhi akeh carita ngenani tenaga kerja. Bisa uga, anané kekurangan pagawean ing omah, iki nyebabaké akéh warga Indonésia golék pakaryan ing nagara manca. Udakara 4,5 yuta wong Indonésia nyambut gawé ing nagara manca; 70% ing antarané ya iku wanita: umumé makarya ing sektor doméstik minangka pambiyantu ing omah lan séktor informal liyané. Umuré udakara 18 lan 35 taun. Lan 30% wong, biasané makarya ing kebon, konstruksi, transportasi lan séktor layanan. Ing taun 2014, Malaysia nggunakaké jumlah pekerja migran saka Indonésia kang paling gedhé, banjur padha mara ing nagara Arab Saudi lan Honkong.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-2038424/tenaga-kerja-indonesia-paling-banyak-tersebar-di-malaysia|title=Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Paling Banyak Tersebar di Malaysia|website=detikfinance|access-date=2019-12-25}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==== Malaysia ==== Ing taun 2008, mayoritas buruh migran (1.085,658: 52,6%) asalé saka Indonésia. Banjur saka Bangladesh (316,401), Filipina (26,713), Thailand (21,065) lan Pakistan (21,278). Gunggungé pekerja migran saka negara liya ya iku 591.481. Yén ora dikontrol, bakal nyuda kasempatan wong lokal anggoné nggolék. Nanging, anané pekerja migran nambah apik negara lan nyuda gaji upah ing pasar tenaga kerja lokal. Sanajan entuk manfaat sing ditrapake ing negara pengirim lan nampa, akeh masalah sing muncul ing negara panampa, Malaysia. Cacahe buruh migran sing saiki ana ing Malaysia angel ditemtokake, sanajan nomer sing digunakake kanthi sah, kanthi paspor lan idin makarya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2014/226770.htm|title=Malaysia|website=U.S. Department of State|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> == Ékonomi == Buruh migran iku wis duwé lakon kang penting sacara nagarantara. Apa manéh anané globalisasi ékonomi ing jaman saiki. Gawé sansaya tambah akéh buruh migran nagarantara. saking akéhé buruh migran kang dibutuhaké negara maju, mula akéh buruh migran kang kurang kaprigelan saka nagara lagi arep ngrembaka. Miturut MIke dawis anané prekawis ngéné iki gawé munggahé papan kang ora pantes lan gawé 'kemiskinan' ing bebrayan.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Planet of Slums|last=Davis|first=Mike|publisher=Verso|year=2006|isbn=|location=London|pages=}}</ref> Buruh migran kang kurang kaprigelan ngéné iki biyasane saka désa-désa. Amarga, dhèwéké ora saguh tuku papan ana ing kutha mula bisané mapan ana ing panggonan kang rada pinggiran utawa 'kumuh' lan makarya ana ing séktor informal.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=International Labour Organization (ILO)|first=|date=2013-08-30|title=Migrant Workers|url=|journal=International Labour Standards|volume=|pages=}}</ref> == Pendhidhikan == Pendhidhikan ing kéné luwih ditujokaké marang bocah-bocah saka para pekerja migran kang lagi usaha kanggo madhakaké pendhidhikan. Anané relokasi dadi kagiyatan kang terus-terusan dadi sebab anané rasa kang ora bisa mandheg anggoné sinau. Kaya mangkéné iki gawé majuné kaprigelan saka bocah-bocah iki. Sanajan, relokasi iku uga duwéni sisih kang négatif kanggo siswa. Pisanan, gawé anané bocah kang mbedakaké budaya lan basa. Bocah-bocah migran uga kekurangan, amarga umumé urip mlarat lan kudu makarya kanggo mbiyantu kulawarga. Pancén ing jaman saiki akéh prekawis kanggo bocah-bocah buruh migran kanggo entuk pendhidhikan. Sanajan, tetep akéh kawicaksanan pangréhpraja, organisasi non-pamréntah, nirlaba, lan pakumpulan sosiyal kangggo mbalikaké munpangat sejatiné pendhidhikan kanggo buruh migran.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Branz-Spall|first=Angela Maria|last2=Rosenthal|first2=Roger|last3=Wright|first3=Al|date=2003|title=Children of the Road: Migrant Students, Our Nation's Most Mobile Population|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3211290|journal=The Journal of Negro Education|volume=72|issue=1|pages=55–62|doi=10.2307/3211290|issn=0022-2984}}</ref> == Éksploitasi == Anggoné njupuk pekerja nagarantara liwat agénsi tenaga kerja minangka fenoména umum ing negara maju, kaya ta Amerika Serikat utawa UAE. Utamané anggota komunitas kang rada ora duwé padha kepincut kanggo kanggo urip lan makarya ing AS. Sawetara agénsi kasebut nggawé janji-janji kang nyebabaké akéh wong kena tipu daya. Nanging, kang luwih ala manéh, ana buruh migran kang ditindhes lan dianiaya dening lembaga lan wong kang duwéni kuwasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/10/22/i-already-bought-you/abuse-and-exploitation-female-migrant-domestic-workers-united|title="I Already Bought You" {{!}} Abuse and Exploitation of Female Migrant Domestic Workers in the United Arab Emirates.|last=|first=|last2=|first2=|date=2014-10-22|website=Human Rights Watch|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-12-25|last3=|first3=}}</ref> Kedadeyané kaya ta paspor lan tilpun dirampok, dikunjara ing omah majikan. Dadi, digawé adoh saka bebrayan, kanca lan kulawarga. Ana manéh dhèwéké ora nampa upah utuh lan kudu makarya tanpa ngaso. Para buruh migran uga ana kang ora éntuk panganan lan kahanan kang apik, uga ora éntuk tindhakan kanggo awak nalika lara.<ref name=":0" /> Ing panalitén kang ditindakaké déning Human Rights Watch saka 99 buruh doméstik ing Uni Arab Emirates, 22 nyatakaké yén réspondhén tau dilarani sacara fisik. Para pekerja ora wani nglaporaké tindhakan kaya mangkana amarga wedi yén dideportasi lan ora bisa golék pakaryan kang luwih apik. Wis lumrah ing ana wanita dadi korban panganiaya lan diprakosa. Yén carita ora bakal ana kang ngrungokaké, malah akéh ang luwih precaya critané majikan kang wis nglarani iku. Akéh uga buruh migran kang lumayu saka oamh majikan banjur njaluk bantuan konsulat negarané. Nanging, prekara ngéné iki ya angél amarga papan kang adoh.<ref name=":0" /> == Kesèhatan == Monica Rosales (profesor saka Universitas Negeri Colorado) nggambaraké ing jurnal kanthi judhul "Life in the field: Migrant farm workers’ perceptions of work related injuries”. Rosales ngandharaké gayutané prekawis balung, pernapasan lan anané alérgi anggone buruh migran makarya, utamané petani ing papan pengungsian. Sakliyané iku uga ngandharaké babagan kahanan pengaruhé karo jiwa para migran. Rosales nagndharaké, "Rata-rata pangarep-arep urip para pekerja migran lan petani nganti umur 49 taun, dibandhingaké karo AS rata-rata nganti umur 75 taun." Anané upah kang ora tamtu, buruh migran asring golék kerja ing kahanan kang mbebayani. Rata-rata Pangarep-arep urip yén dadi buruh migran ing AS maju nganti 26 taun.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Monica S|first=Rosales|date=2008|title=Life in the Field: Migrant Farm Workers' Perceptions of Work Related Injuries|url=|journal=Colorado State University|volume=|pages=}}</ref> sakliyané iku ing Singapura uga ditemokaké buruh migran, utamané ing Asia Kidul luwih saka 60% kang ngenténi upah utawa njaluk ganti rugi saka pengusaha kena lelara méntal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/manpower/most-migrant-south-asian-workers-face-mental-health-issues-as-they-await-claims|title=Most migrant South Asian workers face mental health issues as they await claims settlement|last=hermesauto|date=2015-11-04|website=The Straits Times|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> == Rujukan == <references /> 1wus4nht97mw17t4cte6nnwmaepb5wv 0 163960 1731561 1730917 2025-07-03T23:38:17Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Ahmad Taufik Al-Jufri|agent=|credits=|domestic_partner=|alias=Ate|awards=Tasrief Award - Indonesia Press Freedom award (1995), Digul Award-Indonesia NGO's Human Rights Award (1996), International Press Freedom Award (1995), Hellmann/ Hammet Award from American Writer, New York (1998)<ref name="dream">{{cite news|url=https://www.dream.co.id/news/tokoh-pers-indonesia-ahmad-taufik-meninggal-dunia-170323n.html|title=Jurnalis Senior Ahmad Taufik Meninggal Dunia|language=id|accessdate=December 22, 2019}}</ref>|family=|relatives=|children=|spouse=Syafai'liyin|title=|years_active=1986 - 2017|image=|occupation=Juru Warta|education=B.A, [[Universitas Islam Bandung]]<br> M.A in International Relations, [[Universitas Padjajaran]]|nationality=[[Indonesia]]n|death_place=Jakarta|death_date={{Death date and age|2017|03|23|1965|07|12}}|birth_place=[[Jakarta]], Indonesia|birth_date={{Birth date|1965|07|12}}|birth_name=|caption=|URL=}} '''Ahmad Taufik''' yaiku [[Wartawan|juru warta]] saka koran Indonesia sing dikenal kaliyan tulisan artikel-artikel kritik ing koran tempo kanggo mantan prèsidèn Indonesia Suharto.Taufik lair ing kutha Jakarta tanggal 12 Juli 1965 lan séda ing tanggal 23 maret 2017. Nalika dadi juru warta Ahmad Taufik iku makarya ing majalah lan koran [[Tempo]], nganti dilarang déning Menteri Informasi [[Harmoko]] saka pamrentah [[Orde Baru]] [[Soeharto|Suharto]] ing taun 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://geotimes.co.id/kolom/sosial/mengenang-ahmad-ate-taufik/|title=Mengenang Ahmad "Ate" Taufik|last=Hadar|first=Husein Ja'far Al|date=2017-03-30|website=GEOTIMES|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-12-22|archive-date=2019-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222114637/https://geotimes.co.id/kolom/sosial/mengenang-ahmad-ate-taufik/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Larangan kasebut ndadèkaké demonstrasi ing nasional lan protès saka papréntahan internasional. Sasampunipun matiné majalah lan koran kasebut, Taufik gabung karo kanca-kanca juru warta liyane nggawé organisasi sing jenengé ''Alliance of Independent Journalists'' (AJI). Dhèwèké banjur dadi presiden organisasi kasebut, uga dhèwèké njabat dadi direktur Swara Palestina ing Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/897674/rayakan-hut-ke-23-aji-gelar-tribute-untuk-ahmad-taufik|title=Rayakan HUT Ke-23, AJI Gelar Tribute untuk Ahmad Taufik|last=setiawan|first=Kodrat|date=2017-08-07|website=Tempo|language=en|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref> == Babad Urip == Ahmad Taufik lair tanggal 12 Juli 1965 ing Jakarta saka kulawarga keturunan Hadhrami. Sawisé ngrampungaké sekolah ing SMAN 24 Jakarta, dhèwèké nerusaké pawiyatan ing Universitas Islam Bandung lan lulus kanthi gelar sarjana hukum. Nalika ing universitas, dhèwèké kerep mèlu kagiyatan démo-démo mahasiswa nglawan pamréntah kaya ta démo kasus Badega. Dhèwèké rampung program master utawa S2 ing jurusan Hubungan Internasional Universitas Padjadjaran.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tempo.co.id/ang/min/02/22/nas3.htm|title=Wawancara Ahmad Taufik|date=2011-07-21|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-12-22|archive-date=2011-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721043256/http://www.tempo.co.id/ang/min/02/22/nas3.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sawisé Taufik lulus saka pawiyatan Univèrsitas Islam Bandung, dhèwèké mundhut garwa kanca pawiyatané sing jenengé Syafai`liyin. Taufik nalika uripé remen karo nglukis lan geguritan, kaya ta sawektu dhèwèké di kunjara nggawé geguritan-geguritan kanggo kanca-kancané lan kanggo kritik pamréntah "Orde Baru".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dream.co.id/news/tokoh-pers-indonesia-ahmad-taufik-meninggal-dunia-170323n.html|title=Jurnalis Senior Ahmad Taufik Meninggal Dunia|website=Dream.co.id|language=en|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref> Ahmad Taufik miwiti ''karier'' makarya ing babagan jurnalistik minangka dadi juru warta ing Majalah Wulanan Generasi Muda Islam Estafet lan uga makarya kanggo Majalah Berita Mingguan TEMPO. Akèh banget panghargyan sing ditrima Taufik nalika dadi [[Wartawan|Juruwarta]], salah sawijiné menang sawetara lomba lan anugerah jurnalistik ing taun 2008, 2009, lan penghargaan [[Mochtar Lubis]] Award bidang penulisan Publik Publisher 2011. Ahmad Taufik uga ngerti wis nulis sawetara buku berjudul <nowiki>''Penjara The Untold Stories''</nowiki><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/mengenang-ahmad-taufik-jurnalis-tempo-pernah-dibui-rezim-soeharto.html|title=Mengenang Ahmad Taufik, jurnalis Tempo pernah dibui rezim Soeharto|website=merdeka.com|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> lan dhèwèké tau ngliput 40 dina ing negara Pakistan-Afganistan (Wilayah Suku pedalaman) nalika Amèrika Serikat nyerang Pemerintahan Taliban ing [[Afghanistan|Afganistan]] taun 2001 nganti pilihan pemilihan umum ing Irak, 24 Januari –1 Maret 2005. Nalika dadi advokat, Ahmad Taufik kerep aktip mbela wong sing ora duwé amarga diskriminasi ékonomi lan agama, wong kéré, lan wong-wong sing didolimi. Ing babagan Advokat lan kemanusiaan, Ahmad Taufik uga gabung karo koalisi Advokat internasional kanggo ngelindungi hak-hak bangsa Palestina.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3455547/pendiri-aji-ahmad-taufik-meninggal-dunia|title=Pendiri AJI Ahmad Taufik Meninggal Dunia|last=Prasetia|first=Andhika|website=detiknews|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25|archive-date=2019-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225022237/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3455547/pendiri-aji-ahmad-taufik-meninggal-dunia|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ahmad Taufik séda ing dina kemis tanggal 23 maret 2017 ing Rumah Sakit Medistra [[Jakartah|Jakarta]] amarga lara kanker paru-paru. == Dikunjara == Ing tanggal 16 Maret 1995, sawisé AJI nulis sawetara artikel ing majalah lan koran warta "''Independen''" babagan pemilu prèsidèn lan kasugihan pribadi Suharto, Ahmad Taufik banjur dicekel lan ditahan déning pulisi. Dhèwèké banjur didakwa miturut pasal no.19 babagan hukum pèrs, sing isiné nglarang nulis ''publikasi'' ing koran utawa majalah sing ora dilisensi déning pamrentah yaiku kementerian penerangan, lan pasal 154 babagan hukum pidana pidana, sing isiné nglarang nerbitaké "perasaan permusuhan, gething utawa ngrèmèhaké marang pamréntah". Nalika dhèwèké nerangaké menyang majalan lan koran warta New York Times, <nowiki>''</nowiki>sampeyan kudu duwe ijin saka Kementerian Penerangan ... majalah lan koran warta ''Independen'' ora diwènèhi ijin déning pamréntah amarga kerep ngritik lan nolak keputusané pamrentah prèsidèn Soeharto."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/18/world/the-perils-of-the-press-in-indonesia-include-jail.html|title=The Perils of the Press in Indonesia Include Jail|last=Gargan|first=Edward A.|date=1996-04-18|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-12-25|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Banjur tanggal 1 Sèptémber 1995, dhèwèké disalahké saka kaloro pasal kasebut lan dihukum kunjara telung taun. Organisasi Komite pelindung Juruwarta protès kaliyan kasus dicekelé Ahmad Taufik lan juru warta liyane, banjur jenengé Suharto kawentar ing majalah lan koran kanthi judul "salah sawijining 10 mungsuh sing paling gedhé saka pers" ing dhaptar taunan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/wartawan-senior-ahmad-taufik-meninggal-dunia|title=Wartawan Senior Ahmad Taufik Meninggal Dunia|website=kumparan|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> Taufik ngelakoni ukuman ing limang kunjara sing beda-beda: Penjara [[Kutha Administrasi Jakarta Pusat|Jakarta pusat]], Penjara Salemba, Penjara Cipinang, Penjara Cirebon, lan Penjara Kuningan. Nalika ing Penjara Cipinang, Taufik dadi cedhak karo Xanana Gusmão, bakal calon Prèsidèn ing Timor Wétan. Dhèwèké uga ditekani Jens Linde saka Jurnalis Federasi Jurnal Internasional. Ing 22 Juli 1995, dhèwèké nampa panghargyan Suardi Tasrif saka AJI. Ing taun sing padha, dhèwèké entuk penghargaan ''International Press Freedom Award'' saka Komite Pelindung Juruwarta. Amarga Taufik isih ana ing ukuman kasebut, dhèwèké ora bisa nampa penghargaan kasebut nganti November 1997, sawise ucul saka pakunjaran. Ing taun candhake dhèwèké nampa Penghargaan Digul.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cpj.org/attacks96/frontmatter/ipfa.html|title=International Press Freedom Awards|website=cpj.org|access-date=2019-12-25|archive-date=2019-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611054033/https://cpj.org/attacks96/frontmatter/ipfa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kasus Winata == Taufik sawisé nglakoni ukumané banjur [[bali]] menyang Tempo lan nerusaké nulis publikasi ing majalah lan koran warta ''Independen''. Tulisané ing artikel tanggal 3 Maret 2003 nggawé akèh kontroversi, Taufik mratelakaké babagan keterlibatané pengusaha Tomy Winata, sing diterangake minangka salah sawijining pengusaha sing paling kuat ing Indonesia sing ndalangi kasus kobongan pasar tekstil Tanah Abang ing kutha Jakarta, déné kasus ikudianggep duwèni bathi kanggo pengusaha Tomy Winata. Miturut Taufik, dhèwèké nemokake ing sajeroné kasus iku yèn Winata wis ngirim rencana ndandani pasar mung sawetara wulan sadurungé kasus kobongan pasar.<ref name=":0" /> Ing tanggal 7 Maret 2003, majalah kasebut diancam nganggo tuduhan fitnah déning pengacara Winata, dina sabanjuré klompok demonstrasi luwih saka 200 muncul ing kantor Tempo lan dinuga bakal ngancem ngobong kantor kasebut, yèn ora dituturi kekarepané klompok démonstrasi, supaya Taufik metu menyang njaba lan nemoni klompok démonstrasi kanggo rundingan. Winata banjur ngajokaké tuntutan hukum, sing jenenge Taufik, èditor Iskandar Ali, lan ketua èditor Bambang Harymurti minangka wong sing katuntut. Isiné tuntutan kasebut yaiku telu kanthi fitnah, berita palsu, lan nolak "ngormati norma agama lan moral". ''BBC News'' nggambarake kasus kasebut "minangka serangan serangan pers Indonesia". ''Amnesty International'' lan Komite pelindung Juruwarta, loro organisasi iku protès nggawa jenengé para juruwarta. Ing 16 September 2004, Harymurti didakwa salah amarga "fitnah lan nglaporaké laporan palsu" lan dihukum penjara setaun suwene, Taufik lan Ali uga dikunjara. Keputusan Pengadilan Jakarta Pusat uga majalah lan koran Tempo kudu mbayar ganti rugi $ 55.000 USD. Ing tanggal 9 Februari 2005, ukara Harymutri uga disidangaké lanjut déning Pengadilan Tinggi Indonesia, juru bicara sing nyatakake, "Kita pengin njamin para juruwarta dilindungi". ukara iku dimenangaké déning Tempo, banjur Harymutri nampani keputusan kasebut minangka "dudu kamenangan pribadi nanging kamenangan kanggo kabèh wartawan Indonesia".<ref name=":0">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A42646-2004Aug28?language=printer |title=Magazine Case Tests Indonesian Press Freedom |author=Ellen Nakashima |date=29 April 2004 |newspaper=The Washington Post |accessdate=25 December 2019}}</ref> == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Lair 1965]] [[Kategori:Pati 2017]] idap2d2wks3bgy215t6mi5qnyv62ldg 0 164250 1731563 1629487 2025-07-03T23:57:58Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731563 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akibat pamanasan global ing sagara''' ya iku sawijing akibat disebabké amarga munggahé suhu ing sagara. Panyebab iki akèhé kedadéan hawa kang owah kanthi èkstrem, lan owahé curah udan. Akibat iki uga dadi panyumbang owahé ékosistem ing sagara lan sawenèh padunung ing pasisir. == Panyebab == Pamanasan global ing sagara disebabké sawenèh faktor. Panyebab iki bisa disebabké saka kagiyatan sagara iku dhéwé lan dharatan. === Gas omah kaca === Omah kaca ya iku omah kang dinggo nganggo nandur tetuwuhan, kang bahan kanggo gawé omah iki lumrahé kaca utawa ''fiber''. Jeroné omah kaca hawané luwih panas saka njabané omah. Gas omah kaca iki diumpamakaké kaya gas-gas kang nyebabaké bumi luwih panas kaya ing jeroné omah kaca. Menawa saya akèh gas iki ana ing atmosfèr nyebabaké hawa bumi saya panas. Menawa ing sagara hawané saya panas, nyebabaké anané nilapracandra (angin banter) ing sawijining laladan, lan ing laladan liyané ora ana udan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bobo.grid.id/read/081844623/ada-di-atmosfer-bumi-gas-rumah-kaca-terdiri-dari-apa-saja-ya|title=Ada di Atmosfer Bumi, Gas Rumah Kaca Terdiri dari Apa Saja, ya? - Semua Halaman - Bobo|website=bobo.grid.id|language=id|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref> Gas omah kaca kaya ta:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kompas.com/skola/read/2019/12/06/155959869/6-gas-rumah-kaca|title=6 Gas Rumah Kaca Halaman all|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref> ==== Karbondioksida ==== [[Karbon dioksida|Karbondioksida]] utawa CO<small>2</small> ya iku gas kang dumadi saka siji atom karbon lan loro oksigèn. Gas iki diasilaké saka bledhosan gunung merapi, nanging kang gedhé dhéwé saka asil pambakaran bahan bakar saka fosil. Nganti saiki luwih saka setengah gas CO<small>2</small> ing atmosfèr saka asil pambakaran bahan bakar fosil kang suwéné saka 30 taun kepungkur. Kagiyatan padinan kang ngasilaké gas karbondioksida kaya ta gunakaké mobil utawa pit motor kang bahan bakaré saka fosil lan pambakaran batu bara kanggo ngasilaké listrik. ==== Mètana ==== Mètana digawé saka réaksi antara hidrogèn utawa banyu. Gas mètana iki diasilaké saka kagiyatan ternak, tani, sampah, gas bumi, batu bara, lan rawa-rawa. Mètana iki panyebab kaloro gas omah kaca kaloro sakwisé gas karbondioksida. ==== Ozon ==== Ozon utawa trioksigèn ya iku gas kang duwéni rumus kimiya O<small>3</small>. Gas iki kapernah ana ing 30 kilomèter sakdhuwuré saka bumi, lapisan stratosfèr. Mupangat gas iki ya iku kanggo nolak radiasi saka srengéngé. Nanging, menawa gas ozon digunakaké ing lapisan kang luwih ngisor, troposfer, nyebabaké panas ora bisa metu saka bumi. Gas ozon iki kabentuk amarga kagiyatan pabrik kang ora nurut marang baku mutu lan akèhé kendaraan. ==== Dinitrogèn oksida ==== Dinitogèn oksida utawa N<small>2</small>O digunakaké kanggo nambah rikaté kendaraan lan rokèt. Sacara alami, dinitrogèn oksida diasilaké laut lan baktèri ing lemah. Nanging, dinitrogèn oksida kang akèh diasilaké saka pabrik kang ora nurut marang baku mutu. Akibat dinitrogèn kang akèh nyebabaké lapisan ozon rusak lan sagara dadi luwih panas. Rusaké lapisan ozon iki uga nyebabaké kanker kulit amarga radiasi saka srengéngé dadi luwih kuwat. ==== Klorofluorokarbon ==== Zat iki digawé saka gabungan anasir klorin, [[karbon]], [[Hidrogen|hidrogèn]], lan [[florin]]. Klorofluorokarbon utawa CFC iki ancasé kanggo zat ngadhemké. CFC iki uga disebut fréon. Padha karo dinitrogèn oksida, CFC bisa nyebabaké rusaké ozon lan nyebabaké panasé bumi tambah. Nalika taun 1987, disarujuki prajanjèn Montreal Protocol kang surasané ora nganggo manèh gas-gas kang ngrusak ozon. Taun 2018 NASA nglapuraké, bolongan ozon wiwit suda amarga pamengingé CFC. ==== Uwab banyu ==== Uwab banyu ya iku banyu kang wujud fasané ing gas. Banyu sagara nguwab amarga kena panas saka srengéngé banjur dadi méga ing langit. Banyu kang méga iku banjut nètès dadi udan. Prosès udan iku hawané dadi adhem. == Akibat kang njedhul == === Owahé suhu banyu sagara === [[Gambar:Global Warming Predictions Map.jpg|420px|ka|jmpl|Prakiraan owahé suhu banyu sagara akibat pamanasan global]] Sagara nyedhot luwih saka 90 persèn panas saka gas omah kaca kang diasilaké kagiyatan manungsa wiwit 1970-an. Prosès iku nyebabké kauripan ing jero sagara, kaya ta plankton, iwak, penyu, lan ubur-ubur obah nyeraki kutub (laladan kang luwih adhem). Panas ing jero sagara bisa nembus nganti 700 mèter. Rong negara panyumbang gas buwang gedhé dhéwé, Cina lan Amérikah Sarékat, ngesahké prajanjèn donya kang surasané kanggo nangani owahé iklim. Prajanèn iku duwé ancas kanggo ngilangi gas buwang.<ref name=":0"/> Owahé suhu sagara lan radiasi kang dhuwur, ngakibatké usum ketiga kang luwih dawa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mediaindonesia.com/read/detail/255150-perubahan-iklim-bisa-bangkitkan-kekeringan-ekstrem-di-amerika|title=Perubahan Iklim Bisa Bangkitkan Kekeringan Ekstrem di Amerika|last=developer|first=mediaindonesia com|date=2019-08-24|website=mediaindonesia.com|language=id|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> === Owahé kéwan lan tetuwuhan ing sagara === Owahé suhu, kandhutan oksigèn, lan biogéokimiya kanthi langsung ngowahi organismé-organismé ing sagara. Akibat saka mudhuné kandhutan oksigèn ing banyu nyebabaké iwak awaké saya cilik. Nanging, akibat saka kahanan iku durung dimangertèni owahé ékosistem ing sagara. Diprakirakaké nyusuté ukuran iwak udakara 14-24% saka taun 2000 nganti 2050 menawa ing kahanan polusi kang gedhèn-gedhèn. Ing laladan tropis, owahé gedhé iwak nyusut luwih saka 20%.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cheung|first=William W. L.|last2=Sarmiento|first2=Jorge L.|last3=Dunne|first3=John|last4=Frölicher|first4=Thomas L.|last5=Lam|first5=Vicky W. Y.|last6=Deng Palomares|first6=M. L.|last7=Watson|first7=Reg|last8=Pauly|first8=Daniel|date=2013-03-01|title=Shrinking of fishes exacerbates impacts of global ocean changes on marine ecosystems|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate1691|journal=Nature Climate Change|language=en|volume=3|issue=3|pages=254–258|doi=10.1038/nclimate1691|issn=1758-6798}}</ref> Panaliti Musiyum Nasional Sujarah Alam Smithsonian Institution Washington Amerika, Nancy Knowlton medharaké sagara kang jembar duwéni potènsi minangka nyedhot karbon (''carbon sink'') kang gedhé, nanging bisa ngrusak biota ing sagara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://properti.kompas.com/read/2009/05/07/23280012/polusi.dan.pemanasan.global.matikan.biota.laut|title=Polusi dan Pemanasan Global Matikan Biota Laut|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref> Miturut lapuran 460 kaca saka Sarékat Internasional kanggo Konsèrvasi Lingkungan (IUCN), owahé ékosistem ing sagara ping 1,5 nganti 5 owah luwih rikat saka ékosistem ing palemahan (''daratan''), lan menawa owahé ékosistem mau ora bisa bali kaya wiwitan.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://republika.co.id/berita/internasional/global/16/09/06/od2xzk366-pemanasan-global-ganggu-kehidupan-laut|title=Pemanasan Global Ganggu Kehidupan Laut|date=2016-09-06|website=Republika Online|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> Amarga munggahé suhu ing sagara mèlu kaganggu. Contoné, paus kang kerep manggon ing papan kawin lan wektu kang salah. Sakliyané iku, sawenèh manuk sagara kang ngendhog ing Atlantik Lor nanging nyekel iwak papan kang ora saklumrahé.<ref name=":0" /> === Owahé dhuwuré banyu sagara === [[Gambar:Recent Sea Level Rise.png|jmpl|Owahé dhuwur banyu sagara ing saben tauné]] Owahé dhuwuré banyu sagara disebabké déning ajèré glètser lan lapisan ès banjur banyuné mili ing sagara. Kahanan iku nyebabaké dhuwuré banyu sagara saya dhuwur. Kahanan iku nyebabaké saweneh kadadéan kaya ta intrusi (rembes) banyu sagara menyang lemah, banjir ing kali, lan njedhulé ledhokan banyu sagara ing pasisir. Sawenèh kang nandang akibat iki kaya ta babagan tetanèn, kaséhatan, sagara, lan kemunah iwak.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.its.ac.id/tgeofisika/id/perubahan-iklim/|title=PERUBAHAN IKLIM|date=2018-11-21|website=Departemen Teknik Geofisika|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> Data CostalDEM iki digunakaké bebarengan karo statistik populasi banjur disimulasiké asilé akèh padunung kang nandang akibat owahé dhuwur banyu sagara. Enem negara Asiah (Cina, Benggala Dhésa, India, Viètnam, Indonésia, lan Tanah Thai), kudu ngadhepi banjir sagara taun 2050. Laladan ing nandang kadadéan iku udakara 237 juta jiwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sains.kompas.com/read/2019/11/04/102019423/indonesia-dan-5-negara-asia-diprediksi-terendam-air-laut-pada-2050|title=Indonesia dan 5 Negara Asia Diprediksi Terendam Air Laut pada 2050 Halaman 2|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> == Upaya kanggo nyuda akibat == ==== Ora nganggo bahan kang saka gas omah kaca ==== Kanggo nyuda saya gedhé akibat pamanasan global mula bahan-bahan kang duwéni akibat omah kaca kudu diganti kang luwih aman. Contoné gas CFC kang lumrahé dinggo ''refrigerator'' diganti nganggo propana kang luwih aman. ==== Ngurangi uwuh plastik ing sagara ==== Kanggo ngurangi uwuh plastik ing sagara perlu ditepaké aturan kanggo kapal-kapal supaya ora buwang sampah ing sagara. Sakliyané iku uwuh plastik kudu diolah manèh (''daur ulang'') sadurungé dicuresaké. Akèh para tokoh donya nyuarakké kanggo ngurangi uwuh ing sagara. Uwuh-uwuh iku bisa diolah dadi barang liya kang luwih migunani utawa ènèrgi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/nasional/pr-01314130/para-tokoh-serukan-kepedulian-pada-pencemaran-laut-oleh-sampah-plastik|title=Para Tokoh Serukan Kepedulian pada Pencemaran Laut oleh Sampah Plastik - Pikiran-Rakyat.com|last=Rakyat|first=Pikiran|date=2019-06-24|website=www.Pikiran Rakyat|language=id|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4704022/cara-menhub-kurangi-pencemaran-laut-dari-sampah-plastik|title=Cara Menhub Kurangi Pencemaran Laut dari Sampah Plastik|last=Fauzi|first=Moch Prima|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2020-03-24|archive-date=2021-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806044514/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4704022/cara-menhub-kurangi-pencemaran-laut-dari-sampah-plastik|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rujukan == [[Kategori:Lingkungan]] [[Kategori:Lingkungan urip]] 63wv8pz1oaeuaqghwciysg8dx73sseb 0 164279 1731537 1695374 2025-07-03T12:09:18Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731537 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Valsartan skeletal.svg|jmpl|Struktur kimiya valsartan]] '''Valsartan''' ya iku sawijining obat keras kanggo nambani lara hipertensi (tekanan getih dhuwur). Indikasi valsartan iku kanggo nyuda risiko komplikasi [[stroke]] lan serangan jantung, lan panandhang gagal jantung utawa wong sing lagi kena serangan jantung.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pom.go.id/new/view/more/klarifikasi/88/PENJELASAN-BPOM-RI--TENTANG--PENARIKAN-OBAT-ANTIHIPERTENSI-YANG-MENGANDUNG-ZAT-AKTIF-VALSARTAN.html|title=Penjelasan BPOM RI Tentang Penarikan Obat Antihipertensi Yang Mengandung Zat Aktif Valsartan|last=|first=|date=2018-07-12|website=Badan POM|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113101348/https://www.pom.go.id/new/view/more/klarifikasi/88/PENJELASAN-BPOM-RI--TENTANG--PENARIKAN-OBAT-ANTIHIPERTENSI-YANG-MENGANDUNG-ZAT-AKTIF-VALSARTAN.html|archive-date=2019-11-13|url-status=dead|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> Valsartan minangka obat oral sing kalebu ing kategori antagonis reseptor angiotensin II reseptor blocker (ARB) sing bisa gawé rileks pambuluh getih saèngga bisa mili lancar. Obat kasebut makarya kantih cara nyuda reseptor angiotensin sing nyebabaké pambuluh getih dadi amba. Menawa pambuluh getih dadi amba, tekanan getih sing dhisiké dhuwur malih dadi cendhék.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://health.detik.com/berita-detikhealth/d-4130900/5-fakta-valsartan-obat-hipertensi-yang-ditarik-di-berbagai-negara/5/#news|title=5 Fakta Valsartan, Obat Hipertensi yang Ditarik di Berbagai Negara|last=Anwar|first=Firdaus|date=2018-07-24|work=Detik|access-date=2020-02-09|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wujud == Valsartan maujud tablèt salut selaput 80&nbsp;mg lan 160&nbsp;mg.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kalbemed.com/Products-Diseases/Products/Read-Product-Article/ArtMID/458/ArticleID/997/VALSARTAN|title=Valsartan|last=|first=|date=|website=Kalbe Med|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-04-28}}{{Pranala mati|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Valsartan wis akèh diresepaké ing donya suwéné 15 taun. Wiwitané valsartan dirembakaké dening Novartis, banjur perusahaan [[Switserlan]] masaraké kanthi jeneng Diovan. Parusahaan Cina ya iku Zhejiang Huahai uga gawé obat iki. Ananging produk sing saka cina ditarik manèh. Ing Indonésia, produk valsartan sing ora ditarik amarga ora nganggo bahan baku saka Zhejiang ya iku Valsartan lan Valdix (saka Dexa Medica), Diovan (saka Novartis Indonesia), Tyoval (saka Novell Pharmaceutical). Valsartan (PT Etercon), lan Valsif (saka Ferron Par Pharmaceutical).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hubsehat.com/2018/08/07/valsartan-obat-hipertensi/|title=Valsartan Obat hipertensi telah di tarik di berbagai negara|last=Zony|first=Evry|date=2018-08-07|website=Hub Sehat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022152822/https://hubsehat.com/2018/08/07/valsartan-obat-hipertensi/|archive-date=2020-10-22|url-status=dead|access-date=2018-04-28}}</ref> == Dhosis == Dhosis ngombé valsartan dijumbuhaké karo kahanan panandhang kaya déné: #[[Blegudreg|Hipertensi]]. Racaké panandhang tekanan getih dhuwur ngonsumsi 80&nbsp;mg sedina. Manawa panandhang tekanan getihé ora kakontrol, bisa dimundhakaké nganti 160&nbsp;mg lan ditambah karo diurètika. Ora dibutuhaké panjumbuhan dhosis kanggo panandhang sing duwé ganggunan fungsi ginjel utawa panandhang mawa ganggunan fungsi atu tanpa kolestasis. # Gagal [[jantung]]. Dhosis ing wiwitan 40&nbsp;mg sedina kaping loro. Panjumbuhan dhosis nganti 80 lan 160&nbsp;mg sedina kaping loro kudu dilakokaké mawa dhosis paling dhuwur sing bisa dilakoni panandhang. patimbangan kanggo ngurangi dhosis kudu dilakokaké ing panandhang sing nampa diuretika.Miturut uji klinis, dhosis sing paling dhuwur ya iku 320 sing kapara-para.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/valsartan|title=VALSARTAN|last=|first=|date=|website=Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107055044/http://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/valsartan|archive-date=2020-01-07|url-status=dead|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> == Èfèk samping == [[Gambar:Two boxes and a blister pack of Co-Diovan (Valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide), Singapore - 20150210.jpg|jmpl|Praupané diovan]] Obat valsartan bisa nyebabaké èfèk samping menawa asring dikonsumsi kaya déné: * Mumet *Hipotensi (tekanan getih cendhek) *Mundhaking kadhar uréa-nitrogèn getih lan kreatin getih. *Néutropènia *Sinkop *Vertigo * Infeksi [[virus]] * Kekeselen sing kebangeten * Sesawangan blawur * Hiperkalemia * Watuk *Lara weteng bagean dhuwur<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://doktersehat.com/valsartan-1/|title=Valsartan – Dosis, Indikasi, dan Efek Samping (1)|last=|first=|date=2018-01-28|website=Dokter Sehat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022150715/https://doktersehat.com/valsartan-1/|archive-date=2020-10-22|url-status=dead|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> == Pepènget == Panandhang kudu blaka marang dhokter menawa duwéni riwayat lelara saing naté ditandhang kaya ta gagal jantung, ganggunan ati lan ginjel, lan lagi nyusoni. Panandhang uga ora olèh ngonsumsi obat iki menawa lagi [[mbobot]], lara dhiabètes, gagal ginjel, karusakan ati sing parah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sehatq.com/obat/valsartan|title=Valsartan|last=Pawitri|first=Anandika|date=2019-05-25|website=SehatQ|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226164143/https://www.sehatq.com/obat/valsartan|archive-date=2021-02-26|url-status=dead|access-date=2020-04-26}}</ref> == Kontrovérsi == Taun 2018 kapungkur, Badan Pengawasan Obat lan Makanan (BPOM) Républik Indonésia, narik obat antihiperténsi sing ngandhut valsartan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20180724122335-255-316537/mengenal-valsartan-bahan-obat-hipertensi-yang-ditarik-bpom|title=Mengenal Valsartan, Bahan Obat Hipertensi yang Ditarik BPOM|last=Setyanti|first=Christina Andhika|date=2018-07-24|work=CNN Indonesia|access-date=2020-02-09|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=}}</ref> Tumindakan iki dilakoni amarga kandhutan valsartan ing obat dianggep mbebayani tumrap kasarasan lan bisa nyebabaké kanker. Valsartan iku kalebu obat keras sing kudu diombé nganggo résèp dhokter. Pirang-pirang valsartan sing didol uga ngandhut ''Nitrosodimethylamine'' (NDMA). Senyawa iki sipaté karsinogén lan [[racun]] kanggo liver manungsa. NDMA minangka hepatotoksin sing duwé potensi nyebabaké fibrosis ing [[Ati|liver]] uga tuwuhing tumor. == Kapustakan == [[Kategori:Obat]] qjj8ceira4x4rkixeuref51r1dk37l2 0 164580 1731595 1725100 2025-07-04T07:43:05Z Makenzis 33569 1731595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Riteriai |current = Mangsa 2023 FK Riteriai |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Riteriai |nickname = ''riteriai'' (knights) |shortname = Riteriai |founded = {{Start date and age|2005||}} |ground = [[LFF stadionas]], [[Vilnius]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 5.067 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} Jan Nevoina |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} Gintautas Vaičiūnas |league = [[Pirma lyga]] (II) |season = 2024 |position = Liga 1, Ke-1 |website = http://www.fkriteriai.lt/ fkriteriai.lt | pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|leftarm1=FFFF00|body1=FFFF00|rightarm1=FFFF00|shorts1=FFFF00|socks1=FFFF00 | pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|leftarm2=282146|body2=282146|rightarm2=282146|shorts2=282146|socks2=282146 }} '''Futbolo klubas Riteriai''' (2005-2018 FK Trakai) inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ; FK Trakai (''Futbolo klubas Trakai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2010''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''Antra lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5f5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://almis.sritis.lt/ltu10lyga2s.html</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2011''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2011.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2012''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2012.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2014|2014]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2015|2015]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2016|2016]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2017|2017]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2018|2018]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |} ;FK Riteriai (''Futbolo klubas Riteriai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2019|2019]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2020|2020]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''10.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFF" style="text-align:center;"| '''.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|23 May 2025}} {{fs start}} {{fs player|no= 2|name=Nojus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 4|name=Niclas Håkansson|nat=SWE|pos=DF}} {{Fs player|no= 5|name=Milanas Rutkovskis|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 7|name=Leif Estevez|nat=GER|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 8|name=Armandas Šveistrys|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 9|name=Meinardas Mikulėnas|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=10|name=Simas Civilka|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=11|name=Andrius Kaulinis|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=13|name=Gustas Gumbaravičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=16|name=[[Ryhan Stewart]]|nat=SIN|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=17|name=Deimantas Rimpa|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=18|name=[[Benjamin Mulahalilovic]]|nat=AUT|pos=MF}} {{fs mid}} {{fs player|no=19|name=[[Rokas Stanulevičius]]|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=22|name=Axel Galita|nat=FRA|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=24|name=Jonas Usavičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=28|name=[[Lazar Sajčić]]|nat=SRB|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=30|name=Karolis Šutovičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=37|name=Artiom Šankin|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{fs player|no=44|name=Kajus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=46|name=[[Jakub Wawszczyk]]|nat=POL|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=77|name=Ernestas Zdanovič|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=80|name=Matas Latvys|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=92|name=Kajus Andraikėnas|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{Fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|http://www.fkriteriai.lt}} * [https://www.facebook.com/FKRITERIAI/ FK Riteriai: facebook] * [https://alyga.lt/komanda/riteriai FK Riteriai: alyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/trak-fk/17673/ FK Riteriai: Soccerway] * [https://www.sofascore.com/team/football/fk-riteriai/310557 FK Riteriai: Sofascore] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-riteriai/15849/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Riteriai]] cfus6rjlkl01g0avul0ew9yr1kane1m 1731596 1731595 2025-07-04T07:43:22Z Makenzis 33569 /* Skuat */ 1731596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Riteriai |current = Mangsa 2023 FK Riteriai |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Riteriai |nickname = ''riteriai'' (knights) |shortname = Riteriai |founded = {{Start date and age|2005||}} |ground = [[LFF stadionas]], [[Vilnius]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 5.067 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} Jan Nevoina |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} Gintautas Vaičiūnas |league = [[Pirma lyga]] (II) |season = 2024 |position = Liga 1, Ke-1 |website = http://www.fkriteriai.lt/ fkriteriai.lt | pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|leftarm1=FFFF00|body1=FFFF00|rightarm1=FFFF00|shorts1=FFFF00|socks1=FFFF00 | pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|leftarm2=282146|body2=282146|rightarm2=282146|shorts2=282146|socks2=282146 }} '''Futbolo klubas Riteriai''' (2005-2018 FK Trakai) inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ; FK Trakai (''Futbolo klubas Trakai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2010''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''Antra lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5f5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://almis.sritis.lt/ltu10lyga2s.html</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2011''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2011.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2012''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2012.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2014|2014]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2015|2015]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2016|2016]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2017|2017]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2018|2018]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |} ;FK Riteriai (''Futbolo klubas Riteriai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2019|2019]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2020|2020]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''10.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFF" style="text-align:center;"| '''.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|3 July 2025}} {{fs start}} {{fs player|no= 2|name=Nojus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 4|name=Niclas Håkansson|nat=SWE|pos=DF}} {{Fs player|no= 5|name=Milanas Rutkovskis|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 7|name=Leif Estevez|nat=GER|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 8|name=Armandas Šveistrys|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 9|name=Meinardas Mikulėnas|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=10|name=Simas Civilka|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=11|name=Andrius Kaulinis|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=13|name=Gustas Gumbaravičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=17|name=Deimantas Rimpa|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=18|name=[[Benjamin Mulahalilovic]]|nat=AUT|pos=MF}} {{fs mid}} {{fs player|no=19|name=[[Rokas Stanulevičius]]|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=22|name=Axel Galita|nat=FRA|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=24|name=Jonas Usavičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=28|name=[[Lazar Sajčić]]|nat=SRB|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=30|name=Karolis Šutovičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=37|name=Artiom Šankin|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{fs player|no=44|name=Kajus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=46|name=[[Jakub Wawszczyk]]|nat=POL|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=77|name=Ernestas Zdanovič|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=80|name=Matas Latvys|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=92|name=Kajus Andraikėnas|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{Fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|http://www.fkriteriai.lt}} * [https://www.facebook.com/FKRITERIAI/ FK Riteriai: facebook] * [https://alyga.lt/komanda/riteriai FK Riteriai: alyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/trak-fk/17673/ FK Riteriai: Soccerway] * [https://www.sofascore.com/team/football/fk-riteriai/310557 FK Riteriai: Sofascore] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-riteriai/15849/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Riteriai]] 2lwcut461w05ny3kurr2lhdu9d4ndx2 1731597 1731596 2025-07-04T07:43:31Z Makenzis 33569 /* Skuat */ 1731597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Riteriai |current = Mangsa 2023 FK Riteriai |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Riteriai |nickname = ''riteriai'' (knights) |shortname = Riteriai |founded = {{Start date and age|2005||}} |ground = [[LFF stadionas]], [[Vilnius]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 5.067 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} Jan Nevoina |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} Gintautas Vaičiūnas |league = [[Pirma lyga]] (II) |season = 2024 |position = Liga 1, Ke-1 |website = http://www.fkriteriai.lt/ fkriteriai.lt | pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|leftarm1=FFFF00|body1=FFFF00|rightarm1=FFFF00|shorts1=FFFF00|socks1=FFFF00 | pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|leftarm2=282146|body2=282146|rightarm2=282146|shorts2=282146|socks2=282146 }} '''Futbolo klubas Riteriai''' (2005-2018 FK Trakai) inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ; FK Trakai (''Futbolo klubas Trakai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2010''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''Antra lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5f5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://almis.sritis.lt/ltu10lyga2s.html</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2011''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2011.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2012''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2012.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2014|2014]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2015|2015]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2016|2016]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2017|2017]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2018|2018]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |} ;FK Riteriai (''Futbolo klubas Riteriai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2019|2019]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2020|2020]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''10.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFF" style="text-align:center;"| '''.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|3 July 2025}} {{fs start}} {{fs player|no= 2|name=Nojus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 4|name=Niclas Håkansson|nat=SWE|pos=DF}} {{Fs player|no= 5|name=Milanas Rutkovskis|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 7|name=Leif Estevez|nat=GER|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 8|name=Armandas Šveistrys|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 9|name=Meinardas Mikulėnas|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=10|name=Simas Civilka|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=11|name=Andrius Kaulinis|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=13|name=Gustas Gumbaravičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=17|name=Deimantas Rimpa|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=18|name=[[Benjamin Mulahalilovic]]|nat=AUT|pos=MF}} {{fs mid}} {{fs player|no=19|name=[[Rokas Stanulevičius]]|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=22|name=Axel Galita|nat=FRA|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=24|name=Jonas Usavičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=30|name=Karolis Šutovičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=37|name=Artiom Šankin|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{fs player|no=44|name=Kajus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=46|name=[[Jakub Wawszczyk]]|nat=POL|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=77|name=Ernestas Zdanovič|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=80|name=Matas Latvys|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=92|name=Kajus Andraikėnas|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{Fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|http://www.fkriteriai.lt}} * [https://www.facebook.com/FKRITERIAI/ FK Riteriai: facebook] * [https://alyga.lt/komanda/riteriai FK Riteriai: alyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/trak-fk/17673/ FK Riteriai: Soccerway] * [https://www.sofascore.com/team/football/fk-riteriai/310557 FK Riteriai: Sofascore] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-riteriai/15849/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Riteriai]] du78gg9ofdz0a5i9is1x7uvvlc50zk8 1731598 1731597 2025-07-04T07:43:39Z Makenzis 33569 /* Skuat */ 1731598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Riteriai |current = Mangsa 2023 FK Riteriai |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Riteriai |nickname = ''riteriai'' (knights) |shortname = Riteriai |founded = {{Start date and age|2005||}} |ground = [[LFF stadionas]], [[Vilnius]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 5.067 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} Jan Nevoina |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} Gintautas Vaičiūnas |league = [[Pirma lyga]] (II) |season = 2024 |position = Liga 1, Ke-1 |website = http://www.fkriteriai.lt/ fkriteriai.lt | pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|leftarm1=FFFF00|body1=FFFF00|rightarm1=FFFF00|shorts1=FFFF00|socks1=FFFF00 | pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|leftarm2=282146|body2=282146|rightarm2=282146|shorts2=282146|socks2=282146 }} '''Futbolo klubas Riteriai''' (2005-2018 FK Trakai) inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ; FK Trakai (''Futbolo klubas Trakai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2010''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''Antra lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5f5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://almis.sritis.lt/ltu10lyga2s.html</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2011''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2011.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2012''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2012.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2014|2014]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2015|2015]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2016|2016]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2017|2017]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2018|2018]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |} ;FK Riteriai (''Futbolo klubas Riteriai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2019|2019]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2020|2020]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''10.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFF" style="text-align:center;"| '''.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|3 July 2025}} {{fs start}} {{fs player|no= 2|name=Nojus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 4|name=Niclas Håkansson|nat=SWE|pos=DF}} {{Fs player|no= 5|name=Milanas Rutkovskis|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 7|name=Leif Estevez|nat=GER|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 8|name=Armandas Šveistrys|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 9|name=Meinardas Mikulėnas|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=10|name=Simas Civilka|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=11|name=Andrius Kaulinis|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=13|name=Gustas Gumbaravičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=17|name=Deimantas Rimpa|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=18|name=[[Benjamin Mulahalilovic]]|nat=AUT|pos=MF}} {{fs mid}} {{fs player|no=19|name=[[Rokas Stanulevičius]]|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=22|name=Axel Galita|nat=FRA|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=24|name=Jonas Usavičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=30|name=Karolis Šutovičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=37|name=Artiom Šankin|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{fs player|no=44|name=Kajus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=77|name=Ernestas Zdanovič|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=80|name=Matas Latvys|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=92|name=Kajus Andraikėnas|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{Fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|http://www.fkriteriai.lt}} * [https://www.facebook.com/FKRITERIAI/ FK Riteriai: facebook] * [https://alyga.lt/komanda/riteriai FK Riteriai: alyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/trak-fk/17673/ FK Riteriai: Soccerway] * [https://www.sofascore.com/team/football/fk-riteriai/310557 FK Riteriai: Sofascore] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-riteriai/15849/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Riteriai]] bx261t142fzjrsz6f2hho736fli3axy 1731599 1731598 2025-07-04T07:43:50Z Makenzis 33569 /* Pranala njaba */ 1731599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Riteriai |current = Mangsa 2023 FK Riteriai |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Riteriai |nickname = ''riteriai'' (knights) |shortname = Riteriai |founded = {{Start date and age|2005||}} |ground = [[LFF stadionas]], [[Vilnius]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 5.067 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} Jan Nevoina |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} Gintautas Vaičiūnas |league = [[Pirma lyga]] (II) |season = 2024 |position = Liga 1, Ke-1 |website = http://www.fkriteriai.lt/ fkriteriai.lt | pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|leftarm1=FFFF00|body1=FFFF00|rightarm1=FFFF00|shorts1=FFFF00|socks1=FFFF00 | pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|leftarm2=282146|body2=282146|rightarm2=282146|shorts2=282146|socks2=282146 }} '''Futbolo klubas Riteriai''' (2005-2018 FK Trakai) inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ; FK Trakai (''Futbolo klubas Trakai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2010''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | bgcolor="#FFFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''Antra lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5f5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://almis.sritis.lt/ltu10lyga2s.html</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2011''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2011.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2012''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2012.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''Pirma lyga''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2014|2014]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2015|2015]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2016|2016]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2017|2017]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2018|2018]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |} ;FK Riteriai (''Futbolo klubas Riteriai'') {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2019|2019]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#deb678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A Lyga 2020|2020]]''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''6.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''10.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFF" style="text-align:center;"| '''.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|3 July 2025}} {{fs start}} {{fs player|no= 2|name=Nojus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 4|name=Niclas Håkansson|nat=SWE|pos=DF}} {{Fs player|no= 5|name=Milanas Rutkovskis|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no= 7|name=Leif Estevez|nat=GER|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 8|name=Armandas Šveistrys|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no= 9|name=Meinardas Mikulėnas|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=10|name=Simas Civilka|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=11|name=Andrius Kaulinis|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=13|name=Gustas Gumbaravičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=17|name=Deimantas Rimpa|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=18|name=[[Benjamin Mulahalilovic]]|nat=AUT|pos=MF}} {{fs mid}} {{fs player|no=19|name=[[Rokas Stanulevičius]]|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=22|name=Axel Galita|nat=FRA|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=24|name=Jonas Usavičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=30|name=Karolis Šutovičius|nat=LTU|pos=MF}} {{fs player|no=37|name=Artiom Šankin|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{fs player|no=44|name=Kajus Stankevičius|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=77|name=Ernestas Zdanovič|nat=LTU|pos=FW}} {{fs player|no=80|name=Matas Latvys|nat=LTU|pos=DF}} {{fs player|no=92|name=Kajus Andraikėnas|nat=LTU|pos=GK}} {{Fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|http://www.fkriteriai.lt}} * [https://www.facebook.com/FKRITERIAI/ FK Riteriai: facebook] * [https://alyga.lt/komanda/riteriai FK Riteriai: alyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/trak-fk/17673/ FK Riteriai: Soccerway] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-riteriai/15849/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Riteriai]] 7lnzobxc7ph6nk9fjqfwmun83uc4pbe 0 164685 1731605 1690795 2025-07-04T11:12:23Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731605 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bubah Alfian''' ya iku juru rias sing kawentar ngerias artis lan modhèl. Dhèweké duwè jeneng asli Zakharia Mahfudi Alfiansyah<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://netz.id/list/2017/11/01/00316/1004311017/5-fakta-tentang-bubah-alfian-the-most-wanted-makeup-artist|title=NETZ ID - 5 Fakta Tentang Bubah Alfian, The Most Wanted Makeup Artist|last=netz.id|website=NETZ ID|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24|archive-date=2020-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324133738/https://netz.id/list/2017/11/01/00316/1004311017/5-fakta-tentang-bubah-alfian-the-most-wanted-makeup-artist|url-status=dead}}</ref> duwè bakat ngerias kawit cilik. Banjur bakat iku bisa ngrembaka nganti dhèwèké duwè kasempatan ngerias modhel panyarta ''America's Next Top Model'' (ANTM) musim kaping-20.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wolipop.detik.com/work-and-money/d-2370884/-bubah-alfian-penata-rias-muda-indonesia-yang-pernah-merias-tyra-banks|title=Bubah Alfian, Penata Rias Muda Indonesia yang Pernah Merias Tyra Banks|website=wolipop|language=id-ID|access-date=2020-03-24|archive-date=2022-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027124554/https://wolipop.detik.com/work-and-money/d-2370884/-bubah-alfian-penata-rias-muda-indonesia-yang-pernah-merias-tyra-banks|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kauripan == Bubah kawit cilik urip ing [[Jember Kidul, Kaliwates, Jember|Jember]]. Ing taun 2009 piyambaké mbukak salon dhèwé. Ing jaman semana, isih wagu menawa wong lanang sing makarya ing donya pangrias. Pakaryan iki nuwuhaké panyaruwè sing pedhes saka kaluwarga lan tangga teparoné. Ananing Bubah panggah makarya lan ngerias ing ''[[Jember Fashion Carnival|Jember Fashion Carnifal]]''. Sakwisè lulus SMA, Bubah banjur kursus ngerias ing Rudi Hadisuwarno. Sakwisè iku Bubah banjur manyang Jakarta kanggo makarya. Dhèwèké makarya 20 jam saben dina lan nganggo pit motor nalika methuk pesenan. Amarga saka pagawèyan iku Bubah sansaya kondhang nganti saiki lan dadi langganan para artis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.femina.co.id/profile/bubah-alfian-dari-jember-mengejar-amerika|title=Bubah Alfian, Dari Jember Mengejar Amerika|last=Putri|first=Citra Narada|date=2018-07-26|website=Femina|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> == Cathetan suku == <references /> [[Kategori:Wong Jakarta]] [[Kategori:Aktor Indonésia]] 1vx6tp8ua4emb0eupt9wrgb44tz19il 3 167970 1731600 1520659 2025-07-04T07:44:17Z Ternarius 22386 Ternarius ngalih kaca [[Parembugan Naraguna:Nhoxleminhtien]] menyang [[Parembugan Naraguna:DavidKiharu]]: Otomatis ngalih kaca nalika ngganti jeneng naraguna "[[Special:CentralAuth/Nhoxleminhtien|Nhoxleminhtien]]" dadi "[[Special:CentralAuth/DavidKiharu|DavidKiharu]]" 1520659 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="width: 99%; color: #111; {{box-shadow|0|1px|3px|rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35)}} {{border-radius|2px}}"> <div style="overflow:hidden; height:auto; background: #fff; width: 100%; padding-bottom:18px;"> <div style="font-size: 36px; margin-top: 24px;margin-left: 16px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height: 1.2em;">Sugeng rawuh, Nhoxleminhtien!</div> <div style="font-size: 24px; padding-top: 0px; margin-left: 16px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height:1.2em; color: #666; "> ꧌ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁꦫꦮꦸꦃꦲꦶꦁꦮꦶꦏꦶꦥꦺꦣꦶꦪꦗꦮ꧍[[Kategori:Wikipédiawan sing mlebu ing wulan Juni 2020]] </div></div> <div style="vertical-align:middle; color: black; background-color:#fff"> <div style="display: flex; flex-flow: row wrap; background-color:#e7e7e7; padding: 10px; padding-left: 20px; "> <div style="flex: 1 1 300px;"> <div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal;">[[File:HelpPage IconPack-03.png|51px|alt=|link=]] Miwiti</div> <div style="padding-left: 51px; margin-top: -15px;"> * Wacanana kaca <u>'''[[Wikipedia:Prakawis|Pambukané Wikipédia]]'''</u> dhisik. * Wacanana uga '''[[Pitulung:Isi|katerangan bab carané urun ing Wikipédia]]'''.{{#ifexist:Panganggo:Nhoxleminhtien|| * Isènana uga profilé panjenengan ing [{{fullurl:Panganggo:Nhoxleminhtien|action=edit&preload=Cithakan:Sugeng-rawuh}}&editintro=Cithakan:Sugeng-rawuh Panganggo:Nhoxleminhtien], minangka kaca kang nepungaké panjenengan supaya kita bisa tepung panjenengan.}} * Wacanana uga [[Wikipedia:Aturan sing diringkes|aturan kang karingkes iki]] sadurungé mbacutaké. </div> </div> <div style="flex: 1 1 300px;"> <div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; line-height:1.2em; font-weight:normal;">[[File:HelpPage IconPack-05.png|51px|alt=|link=]] Pituduh</div> <div style="padding-left: 51px; margin-top: -15px;"> * [[Pitulung:Tapak tangan|Tansah tandha-tangani]] pitakoné panjenengan manawa nulis ing [[Wikipedia:Warung Kopi|Angkringan]] utawa ing [[Wikipedia:Kaca parembugan|parembugan]] kanthi ngetik <code><nowiki>~~~~</nowiki></code> ing pungkasané ukarané panjenengan. * [[Wikipedia:Aja kasusahan déning aturan|'''''Aja wedi!''''']] Panjenengan ora perlu wedi salah nalika mbesut utawa nggawé kaca anyar, nambah utawa nyuda ukara. </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 10px; padding-left: 20px; "> <div> '''Mangga jajal-jajalana''', kita ngantu-antu pasumbang kawruhé panjenengan ing Wikipédia Jawa iki! </div> <div style="font-style: italic; font-size: 90%"> '''Welcome!''' If you do not understand Javanese language, you may want to visit [[Wikipedia:Kadutan|the embassy]] or [[Wikipedia:Babel/jv-0|find users who speak your language]]. Enjoy! </div> [[Naraguna:Wagino Bot|Wagino Bot]] ([[Parembugan Naraguna:Wagino Bot|rembugan]]) 9 Juni 2020 04.39 (UTC) </div> </div> </div> </div> qqfu9epj8auu0l0apbo29a72ggmkgk8 0 170114 1731577 1655030 2025-07-04T02:50:45Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox spesies}} '''Ashitaba''' yaiku tetuwuhan mèmper slèdri saka Jepang. Tuwuhan iki duwé jeneng èlmiyah ''Angelica keiskei.'' Jenengé saka basa [[Jepang]] "''Ashitaba''" ateges godhong sesuk, Jeneng [[Koréa]] "''Shinsuncho''" kang tegesé ramwuan kauripan, diwènèhaké amarga dipigunakaké mawa obat tradhisional.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kweon|first=Minson|last2=Lee|first2=Hyejin|last3=Park|first3=Cheol|last4=Choi|first4=Yung Hyun|last5=Ryu|first5=Jae-Ha|date=2019-10-10|title=A Chalcone from Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) Stimulates Myoblast Differentiation and Inhibits Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6835314/|journal=Nutrients|volume=11|issue=10|doi=10.3390/nu11102419|issn=2072-6643|pmc=6835314|pmid=31658768}}</ref> Tetanduran iki asalé saka Pulo Hachijo, Jepang kang thukul ing tlatah tandhus, akèh watu lan masir.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sembiring|first=Bagem Br.|last2=Manoi|first2=Feri|date=2011-10-28|title=IDENTIFIKASI MUTU TANAMAN ASHITABA|url=http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultro/article/download/1856/5616|journal=Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik|volume=|pages=|access-date=2020-07-18|archive-date=2020-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319053922/http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultro/article/download/1856/5616|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ing taun 2000, tetuwuhan iki digawa saka Jepang dening wong Jepang menyang Kecamatan [[Trawas, Majakerta|Trawas]], Kabupatén [[Kutha Majakerta|Mojokerto]], [[Jawa Wétan|Jawa Wetan]] kanggo ancas panelitèn wiwitané.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-2494486/ashitaba-tanaman-obat-asal-jepang-yang-tumbuh-subur-di-mojokerto|title=Ashitaba, Tanaman Obat Asal Jepang yang Tumbuh Subur di Mojokerto|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2020-07-18}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ananging sakwisé diwedharaké maneka mupangat saka tuwuhan iki, para warga banjur mbudidayakaké tetanduran iki. Saiki, akèh para tani ing pèrèng gunung Welirang sing nandur. == Piguna == [[Gambar:AshitabaJI1.jpg|jmpl|Galih tuwuhan ashitaba]] Tuwuhan ashitaba ngandhut [[Protéin|protèin]], [[Kalsiyum|kalsium]], [[Dat wesi|zat wesi]], [[Vitamin A]], Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, [[Vitamin b12|Vitamin B12]], [[Vitamin C]], [[Vitamin E]], [[Kaliyum|kalium]], [[Magnèsiyum|magnesium]], asam folik, potasium, [[klorofil]], pantotenat, [[biotin]] lan [[antioksidan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bibitbunga.com/mengenal-tanaman-ashitaba-angelica-keiskei/|title=Mengenal Tanaman Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) - BibitBunga.com|date=2016-10-02|website=Bibit Bunga|language=id-ID|access-date=2020-07-18}}</ref> Ashitaba duwé khasiyat nglawan lelara kaya ta hepatitis, diabetes mellitus, asam urat lan kanker.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.trubus-online.co.id/ashitaba-olah-daun-esok/|title=Ashitaba: Olah Daun Esok|date=2013-10-04|website=Majalah Pertanian|language=id-ID|access-date=2020-07-18|archive-date=2018-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307161841/http://www.trubus-online.co.id/ashitaba-olah-daun-esok/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ngandhut flavonoid kang nyegah karusakan sèl lan nglambataké tandha panuwanan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20190221114452-277-371358/studi-daun-ashitaba-jepang-bisa-jadi-kunci-awet-muda|title=Studi: Daun Ashitaba Jepang Bisa Jadi Kunci Awet Muda|website=gaya hidup|language=id-ID|access-date=2020-07-18}}</ref> Uga bisa nambani mules, radhang weteng, hipertènsi lan dhemam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kumparan.com/kumparansains/ashitaba-tanaman-asal-jepang-terbukti-bisa-perlambat-penuaan-1551053118343994043/full|title=Ashitaba, Tanaman Asal Jepang, Terbukti Bisa Perlambat Penuaan|last=|first=|date=2019-02-25|website=Kumparan|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-07-18}}</ref> Mupangat liya ya kuwi bisa mudhunaké kadhar kolèsterol, nyehataké mata uga rambut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.popmama.com/life/health/atika-dian/manfaat-daun-ashitaba-untuk-kesehatan-yang-bikin-panjang-umur|title=Manfaat Ashitaba, Tanaman yang Bikin Panjang Umur|last=Dian|first=Atika|date=2018-11-16|website=POPMAMA.com|language=id|access-date=2020-07-18}}</ref> == Kapustakan == <references /> [[Kategori:Tetuwuhan]] [[Kategori:Tetanduran obat]] rtrhn852oq9jrql58dj6rq9ohp4n95d 0 170512 1731557 1694785 2025-07-03T21:19:39Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox color|title=Merah sepang|textcolor=white|hex=4A0000|r=74|g=0|b=0|h=0|s=100|v=29|source=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eggradients.com/color/oxblood-color|title=Oxblood Color HEX Code #4A0000|website=Eggradients|accessdate=July 14, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vocabadda.com/250-color-names-list/|title=250 Color Names List with Color Images and Code|website=Vocab Adda|accessdate=July 14, 2020|archive-date=July 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715145304/https://www.vocabadda.com/250-color-names-list/|url-status=dead}}</ref>|isccname=Deep red}} [[Abang]] '''Sepang''' minangka [[warna]] [[abang]] [[Warna|peteng]] sing akeh digunakake minangka warna kanggo kerajinan tembikar kaya ta keramik Cina .<ref>[http://gotheborg.com/glossary/langyaohong.shtml gothenborg.com "Langyao hong (Lang kiln red) also "oxblood" or sang de boef (fr.)"]</ref> Werna iki asale saka warna kayu [[secang]] utawa uga ditepungi kanthi sebutan sepang sing akeh digunakake minangka pewarna abang alami .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://food.detik.com/info-sehat/d-4793285/selain-beri-warna-merah-kayu-secang-juga-punya-banyak-khasiat|title=Selain Beri Warna Merah, Kayu Secang Juga Punya Banyak Khasiat|last=Basoni|first=Sonia|website=detikfood|language=id|access-date=2020-07-16|archive-date=2022-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208062621/https://food.detik.com/info-sehat/d-4793285/selain-beri-warna-merah-kayu-secang-juga-punya-banyak-khasiat|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://faktualnews.co/2018/12/10/manfaat-kayu-secang-dan-kandungan-zatnya/112291/|title=Manfaat Kayu Secang dan Kandungan Zatnya|date=2018-12-10|website=FaktualNews.co|language=id-id|access-date=2020-07-16|archive-date=2020-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720000455/https://faktualnews.co/2018/12/10/manfaat-kayu-secang-dan-kandungan-zatnya/112291/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Referensi == [[Kategori:Category:Werna]] [[Kategori:Werna]] 0b2h1wk6qrm7j0b2fwraqc5b284t9fb 0 171067 1731572 1712329 2025-07-04T02:06:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox prepared food|name=Aprapransa|image=Aprapransa.jpg|caption=Aprapransa garnished with crabs|alternate_name=|country=[[Ghana]]|creator=GaDangme people|course=|served=Hot|main_ingredient=Corn dough, beans, onion, tomatoes, fermented salted fish, smoked fish, palm oil, pepper, salt and crab|variations=|calories=|other=}} '''Aprapransa''' minangka panganan lokal kanggo masarakat saka tlatah Greater Accra, Ghana . <ref name="Partner">{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/lifestyle/food-travel/efie-aduane-series-aprapransa-from-the-eastern-region-id5185910.html|title=Efie Aduane Series: Aprapransa from the Eastern Region|last=Partner|first=Content|access-date=2018-09-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702131609/http://www.pulse.com.gh/lifestyle/food-travel/efie-aduane-series-aprapransa-from-the-eastern-region-id5185910.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Intine digawe saka glepung jagung panggang, kacang buncis sing dimasak lan bahan liyane (bawang, tomat, iwak asin fermentasi, iwak keluk, minyak sawit, mrico, uyah lan kepiting). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/English/Ghana%20English%20dictionary.pdf|title=Ghana English Dictionary|website=www.google.com|language=en|access-date=2018-09-17}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghafla.com/gh/4-dishes-akan-tribe-enjoys/|title=Four (4) Dishes Enjoyed Most By The Akan Tribe In Ghana|last=Agyare|first=Peace|work=Ghafla! Ghana|access-date=2018-09-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822051301/http://www.ghafla.com/gh/4-dishes-akan-tribe-enjoys/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Minangka panganan sing disedhiyakake ing acara-acara mligi lan dikuwatirake bakal punah. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://omgvoice.com/food/delicious-bowls-aprapransa|title=17 Bowls Of Aprapransa That Will Make You Run To That Chop Bar Now|date=2017-02-09|work=OMGVoice.com|access-date=2018-09-17}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.primenewsghana.com/lifestyle/how-to-prepare-aprapransa.html|title=How to prepare Aprapransa|last=Afful|first=Maame Aba|work=Primenewsghana.com|access-date=2018-09-17|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201804/348850.php?storyid=100&|title=Five Ghanaian Meals That May Be Going Extinct|last=Online|first=Peace FM|access-date=2018-09-17|archive-date=2018-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411215506/http://peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201804/348850.php?storyid=100&|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rujukan == f9lmggcqa5kr3zzlphmdy8btfphpldl 0 172850 1731594 1539070 2025-07-04T07:08:21Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox food|name=Bienenstich|image=Bienenstich.jpg|image_size=250px|caption=|alternate_name=Bee sting cake|country=[[Germany]]|region=|creator=|course=[[Dessert]]|type=|served=|main_ingredient=[[Yeast]] dough, [[almond]]s, [[vanilla]] [[custard]], [[Buttercream]] or [[cream]]|variations=|calories=|other=}}'''Kue bienenstich''' utawa '''Bee sting''' minangka salah sawijining olahan [[Panganan cuci mulut|panganan]] cuci [[Panganan cuci mulut|mulut]] saka Jerman sing digawe saka adonan [[Khamir|ragi]] manis kanthi roti panggang [[almond]] karamel lan diisi karo [[Custard|wadi]] vanilla, Buttercream utawa [[Krim (ombènan)|krim]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gourmet.org/recipes/baked-goods/bee-sting-(bienenstich)/|title=Bee Sting (Bienenstich) Recipe|publisher=|access-date=12 September 2016}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.grouprecipes.com/60301/bienenstich-bee-sting-cake.html|title=Bienenstich Bee Sting Cake Recipe|publisher=|access-date=12 September 2016}}</ref> <ref>Arnold Zabert: Backen - Die neue große Schule, Zabert Sandmann, Hamburg 1985, S. 125</ref> == Cathetan == 7ntqi1zfz4znh7dphqiqi8j54l7camz 0 177332 1731575 1563217 2025-07-04T02:44:01Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731575 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barkas:Salicylic acid chemical structure.png|jmpl|Struktur asem salisilat]] {{chembox | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 477314005 | Name = Salicylic acid | ImageFileL1 = Salicylic-acid-skeletal.svg | ImageSizeL1 = 100px | ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula of salicylic acid | ImageFileR1 = Salicylic-acid-from-xtal-2006-3D-balls.png | ImageSizeR1 = 100px | ImageNameR1 = Ball-and-stick model of salicylic acid | ImageFile2 = Kwas salicylowy.jpg | ImageName2 = Salicylic acid | PIN = 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid<ref name=iupac2013>{{cite book | title = Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = [[Royal Society of Chemistry|The Royal Society of Chemistry]] | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | page = 64 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-FP001 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4| chapter = Front Matter }}</ref> |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | IUPHAR_ligand = 4306 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = O414PZ4LPZ | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = D00097 | InChI = 1/C7H6O3/c8-6-4-2-1-3-5(6)7(9)10/h1-4,8H,(H,9,10) | InChIKey = YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYAQ | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 424 | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C7H6O3/c8-6-4-2-1-3-5(6)7(9)10/h1-4,8H,(H,9,10) | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N | CASNo = 69-72-7 | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | PubChem = 338 | EINECS = 200-712-3 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 331 | DrugBank = DB00936 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 16914 | SMILES = O=C(O)c1ccccc1O | RTECS = VO0525000 }} |Section2={{Chembox Properties | C=7 | H=6 | O=3 | Appearance = Colorless to white crystals | Odor = Odorless | MeltingPtC = 158.6 | BoilingPtC = 200 | BoilingPt_notes = decomposes<ref name=chemister /><br> {{convert|211|C|F K}}<br> at 20{{nbsp}}mmHg<ref name=crc>{{RubberBible92nd|page=3.306}}</ref> | pKa = {{ubl | 1 {{=}} 2.97 (25{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=drugbank>{{Cite DrugBank|id=DB00936|drug=Salycylic acid}}</ref> | 2 {{=}} 13.82 (20{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=chemister /> }} | Density = 1.443{{nbsp}}g/cm³ (20{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=crc/> | Solubility = {{ubl | 1.24{{nbsp}}g/L (0{{nbsp}}°C) | 2.48{{nbsp}}g/L (25{{nbsp}}°C) | 4.14{{nbsp}}g/L (40{{nbsp}}°C) | 17.41{{nbsp}}g/L (75{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=chemister>{{cite web | url=http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=1777 | title=Salicylic acid | access-date=2014-05-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140524024059/http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=1777 | archive-date=2014-05-24 | url-status=live }}</ref> | 77.79{{nbsp}}g/L (100{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=sioc> {{cite book | author1=Atherton Seidell | author2=William F. Linke | title=Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds: A Compilation of Solubility Data from the Periodical Literature. Supplement | url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ}} | year=1952 | publisher=Van Nostrand }}</ref> }} | SolubleOther = Soluble in [[diethyl ether|ether]], [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl₄]], [[benzene]], [[propanol]], [[acetone]], [[ethanol]], [[oil of turpentine]], [[toluene]] | Solubility1 = {{ubl | 0.46{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (11.7{{nbsp}}°C) | 0.775{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (25{{nbsp}}°C) | 0.991{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (30.5{{nbsp}}°C) | 2.38{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (49.4{{nbsp}}°C) | 4.4{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (64.2{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=chemister /><ref name=sioc /> }} | Solvent1 = benzene | Solubility2 = {{ubl | 2.22{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}mL (25{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=sioc /> | 2.31{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}mL (30.5{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=chemister /> }} | Solvent2 = chloroform | Solubility3 = {{ubl | 40.67{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (−3{{nbsp}}°C) | 62.48{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (21{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=chemister /> }} | Solvent3 = methanol | Solubility4 = 2.43{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (23{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=chemister /> | Solvent4 = olive oil | Solubility5 = 39.6{{nbsp}}g/100{{nbsp}}g (23{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=chemister /> | Solvent5 = acetone | RefractIndex = 1.565 (20{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=crc/> | MagSus = −72.23·10⁻⁶{{nbsp}}cm³/mol | LogP = 2.26 | VaporPressure = 10.93{{nbsp}}mPa<ref name=pubchem>{{PubChemLink|338}}</ref> | SublimationConditions = Sublimes at 76{{nbsp}}°C<ref name=pubchem /> | LambdaMax = 210{{nbsp}}nm, 234{{nbsp}}nm, 303{{nbsp}}nm (4&nbsp;mg % in ethanol)<ref name=pubchem /> }} |Section5={{Chembox Thermochemistry | DeltaHf = −589.9{{nbsp}}kJ/mol | DeltaHc = 3.025{{nbsp}}MJ/mol<ref name=NIST>{{cite web|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C69727&Type=HCOMBS|title=Salicylic acid|access-date=2014-08-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215084320/http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C69727&Type=HCOMBS|archive-date=2017-02-15|url-status=live}}</ref> }} |Section8={{Chembox Related | OtherCompounds = [[Methyl salicylate]],<br />[[Benzoic acid]],<br />[[Phenol]], [[Aspirin]],<br />[[4-Hydroxybenzoic acid]],<br /> [[Magnesium salicylate]],<br />[[Choline salicylate]],<br />[[Bismuth subsalicylate]],<br />[[Sulfosalicylic acid]] }} |Section6={{Chembox Pharmacology | ATCCode_prefix = A01 | ATCCode_suffix = AD05 | ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|B01|AC06}} {{ATC|D01|AE12}} {{ATC|N02|BA01}} {{ATC|S01|BC08}} }} |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | ExternalSDS = [http://avogadro.chem.iastate.edu/MSDS/salicylic_acid.htm MSDS] | GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=w398500|name=Salicylic acid|accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref> | GHSSignalWord = Danger | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|318}}<ref name="sigma" /> | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" /> | MainHazards = | SkinHazard = Mild irritation | EyeHazard = Severe irritation | NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-F = 1 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-S = | FlashPtC = 157 | FlashPt_notes = <br> closed cup<ref name=pubchem /> | AutoignitionPtC = 540 | AutoignitionPt_ref = <ref name=pubchem /> | ExploLimits = | PEL = | LD50 = 480{{nbsp}}mg/kg (mice, oral) }} }} '''Asem salisilat''' (saka [[basa Latin]] ''salix'', "wit willow") ya iku asem ''monohydroxybenzoic lipofilik'', jinis asem fenolik, lan ''asem beta hidroks''i (BHA). [[Asem]] organik [[kristal]] tanpa warna iki digunakaké akèh ing sintesis organik, lan fungsiné minangka hormon tanduran. Asalé saka metabolisme salisin. Saliyané iku, zat iki minangka bagéan penting metabolit aktif saka obat aspirin (''asem asetilsalisilat''), kang tumindak ing bagéan minangka tambahan kanggo asem ''salicylic'', iki paling misuwur amarga akèh migunakaké minangka bahan obat ing topikal produk obat [[kukul]]. Garam lan ester asem salisilat dikenal minangka salisilat. Asem salisilat iku kalebu obat golongan ''keratolitik'' tegesé obat sing tumindak dadi agén panglupasan kulit kanthi ngilangaké sel kulit mati lan ngalusaké kulit sing kasar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hellosehat.com/obat-suplemen/asam-salisilat/|title=Asam Salisilat Sebagai Obat untuk Kulit • Hello Sehat|date=2020-10-26|website=Hello Sehat|language=id-ID|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref> [[Barkas:Salicylic_acid_crystals_(1).jpg|kiri|jmpl|200x200px|Kristal asem salisilat]] == Guna asem salisilat == Asem salisilat iku [[obat]] kang digunakaké ing masalah kulit kaya pangandelan lan pangatosan kulit kaya mata iwak lan kutil. Zat iki kerja kanthi ningkataké kelembapan ing kulit, gampangaké prosès panglupasan [[Sel Punca|sel]] kulit mati, ngredakaké peradangan, lan ngresiki pori-pori buntet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.alodokter.com/asam-salisilat|title=Asam Salisilat|date=2014-11-21|website=Alodokter|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref> Obat iki gunané kanggo ngobati ganggunan [[kulit]] kaya psoriasis, kukulen, ketombé, dermatitis, seboroik ing kulit lan kulit sirah, kapalan, lan kutil plantar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://health.detik.com/obat/d-1727907/asam-salisilat-penawar-berbagai-masalah-kulit|title=Asam Salisilat, Penawar Berbagai Masalah Kulit|website=detikHealth|language=id|access-date=2021-04-13}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Asem salisilat minangka bahan wiwitan asli kanggo nggawé ''asem'' ''asetilsalisilat'' (aspirin) ing taun 1897. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MaFtDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA9|title=Acetylsalicylic Acid|last=Schrör|first=Karsten|date=2016|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527685028|edition=2|pages=9–10|language=en}}</ref> Aspirin (''asem asetilsalisilat'' utawa ASA) bisa disiapaké kanthi ésterifikasi klompok fenol hidroksil asem salisilat karo klompok asetil saka anhidrida asetat utawa asetil klorida. Asem salisilat digunakaké minangka [[Pangawetan panganan|pengawét panganan]], mateni [[baktèri]], lan [[antisèptik]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=25386|title=Definition of Salicylic acid|website=MedicineNet.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209055454/http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=25386|archive-date=2011-12-09|access-date=2010-10-12}}</ref> == Sejarah asem salisilat == [[Barkas:Thomé_Salix_alba_clean.jpg|kiri|jmpl|200x200px|Willow putih ( ''[[Salix alba]]'' ) minangka sumber asem salisilat alami.]] [[Hippocrates]], Galen, Pliny the Elder, lan liya-liyane ngerti yèn kulit kayu willow bisa ngatasi rasa lara lan nyuda demam. <ref name="DMA">{{Cite journal|last=Norn|first=S.|last2=Permin|first2=H.|last3=Kruse|first3=P. R.|last4=Kruse|first4=E.|year=2009|title=[From willow bark to acetylsalicylic acid]|journal=Dansk Medicinhistorisk Årbog|language=da|volume=37|pages=79–98|pmid=20509453}}</ref> Iki digunakaké ing [[Éropa|Eropa]] lan [[Cina|China]] kanggo ngrampungaké kahanan kasebut. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/willow-bark-000281.htm|title=Willow bark|website=University of Maryland Medical Center|publisher=[[University of Maryland]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224113137/http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/willow-bark-000281.htm|archive-date=24 December 2011|access-date=19 December 2011}}</ref> Obat iki kasebut ing teks saka [[Mesir Kuna|Mesir Kuno]], Sumer, lan Asyur . <ref name="Goldberg">{{Cite journal|last=Goldberg|first=Daniel R.|date=Summer 2009|title=Aspirin: Turn of the Century Miracle Drug|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/aspirin-turn-of-the-century-miracle-drug|journal=Chemical Heritage Magazine|volume=27|issue=2|pages=26–30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320230715/https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/aspirin-turn-of-the-century-miracle-drug|archive-date=20 March 2018|access-date=24 March 2018}}</ref> Cherokee lan Pribumi Amerika nggunakaké infus kulit kanggo demam lan obat-obatan liyane. <ref>Hemel, Paul B. and Chiltoskey, Mary U. ''Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History,'' Sylva, NC: [[The Sylva Herald|Herald Publishing Co.]] (1975); cited in Dan Moerman, A Database of Foods, Drugs, Dyes and Fibers of Native American Peoples, Derived from Plants.</ref> Ing 2014, para arkeolog ngenali jejak asem salisilat ing fragmen tembikar abad kaping pitu sing ditemokaké ing sisih wétan-tengah Colorado. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://westerndigs.org/prehistoric-pottery-found-in-colorado-contains-ancient-natural-aspirin/|title=1,300-Year-Old Pottery Found in Colorado Contains Ancient 'Natural Aspirin'|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813231049/http://westerndigs.org/prehistoric-pottery-found-in-colorado-contains-ancient-natural-aspirin/|archive-date=2014-08-13|access-date=2014-08-13}}</ref> Pendeta Edward Stone, wakil saka Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire, [[Inggris]], nyathet ing 1763 manawa kulit wit willow efektif kanggo nyuda demam. <ref name="RoyalSoc1763EdmundStone">{{Cite journal|last=Stone, Edmund|year=1763|title=An Account of the Success of the Bark of the Willow in the Cure of Agues|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=j0JFAAAAcAAJ|page=195}}|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London|volume=53|pages=195–200|doi=10.1098/rstl.1763.0033|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Sumber panganan == Asem salisilat ana ing tanduran minangka asem salisilat bebas lan ''ester karboksilat'' lan ''glikosida fenolik''. Sawetara panalitèn nuduhaké manawa manungsa metabolisme asem salisilat kanthi jumlah sing bisa diukur saka tanduran kasebut. <ref name="Malakar">{{Cite journal|last=Malakar|first=Sreepurna|last2=Gibson|first2=Peter R.|last3=Barrett|first3=Jacqueline S.|last4=Muir|first4=Jane G.|date=1 April 2017|title=Naturally occurring dietary salicylates: A closer look at common Australian foods|journal=Journal of Food Composition and Analysis|volume=57|pages=31–39|doi=10.1016/j.jfca.2016.12.008}}</ref> Ombènan lan panganan salisilat dhuwur kalebu [[bir]], [[kopi]], [[tèh]], macem-macem woh-wohan lan sayuran, [[Ketéla rambat|uwi]], [[Kacang minangka panganan|kacang-kacangan]], lan [[Lenga jaétun|minyak zaitun]] . <ref name="drugs">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/article/low-salicylate-diet.html|title=Low salicylate diet|date=19 February 2019|publisher=Drugs.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216162635/https://www.drugs.com/article/low-salicylate-diet.html|archive-date=16 December 2019|access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref> Daging, [[unggas]], [[iwak]], [[Endhog minangka panganan|endhog]], prodhuk susu, gula, lan roti lan [[Séréalia|sereal]] nduwèni kandungan salisilat sing sithik. <ref name="drugs" /> <ref name="Swain">{{Cite journal|last=Swain|first=AR|last2=Dutton|first2=SP|last3=Truswell|first3=AS|year=1985|title=Salicylates in foods.|url=https://www.slhd.nsw.gov.au/rpa/allergy/research/salicylatesinfoods.pdf|journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association|volume=85|issue=8|pages=950–60|issn=0002-8223|pmid=4019987|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405002521/https://www.slhd.nsw.gov.au/rpa/allergy/research/salicylatesinfoods.pdf|archive-date=2019-04-05|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref> Sawétara wong sing duwé sensitivitas salisilat diet bisa uga ngalami gejala [[Alèrgi|reaksi alergi]], kayata [[Mengi|panandhang asma]], [[rhinitis]], gangguan ''gastrointestinal'', utawa [[diaré]], mula bisa uga kudu nggunakaké pola diet sing cendhak salisilat. <ref name="drugs2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/article/low-salicylate-diet.html|title=Low salicylate diet|date=19 February 2019|publisher=Drugs.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216162635/https://www.drugs.com/article/low-salicylate-diet.html|archive-date=16 December 2019|access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref> == Paripustaka == [[Kategori:Kimiya]] nb91knt42jmikthskuug26k9dntcnyx 0 180770 1731554 1671445 2025-07-03T19:54:57Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{dwiaksara-jv|Lonthong kupang}} {{Infobox food|name=ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ|image=kupang lontong.jpg|image_size=250px|caption=ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦏꦫꦺꦴ ꦱꦠꦺ ꦏꦼꦫꦁ|alternate_name=ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ|country=[[Indonésia|ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦾ]]|region=[[Jawa Wétan|ꦗꦮ ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀]]|creator=|course=[[Mangan utama|ꦥꦔꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ ꦲꦸꦠꦩ]]|served=ꦥꦤꦱ꧀|main_ingredient=[[Lonthong|ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ]], [[Kerang|ꦏꦼꦫꦁ]], [[Bumbu|ꦧꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸ]]|variations=|calories=|other=}} '''ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ''' ꦲꦸꦠꦮ '''ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ''' ꦪꦲꦶꦏꦸ ꦥꦔꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ ꦏ꦳ꦱ꧀ ꦲꦫꦸꦥ ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦱꦏ ꦥꦱꦶꦱꦶꦂ ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀ [[Jawa Wétan|ꦗꦮ ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀]], ꦲꦸꦠꦩꦤꦺ ꦠ꧀ꦭꦠꦃ [[Kutha Surabaya|ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ]], [[Kabupatèn Pasuruan|ꦥꦱꦸꦫꦸꦃꦲꦤ꧀]] ꦭꦤ꧀ [[Kabupatèn Sidaarja|ꦱꦶꦢꦲꦂꦗ]]. ꦱꦤꦢꦾꦤ꧀ ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁꦔꦺ ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ, ꦲꦤꦔꦶꦁ ꦲꦺꦴꦫ ꦲꦤ ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦁ ꦕꦺꦤꦺꦁꦔꦺ ꦏꦫꦺꦴ ꦏꦸꦛ [[Kutha Kupang|ꦏꦸꦥꦁ]], ꦤꦸꦱ ꦠꦼꦁꦒꦫ ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀. ꦥꦔꦁꦒꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦲꦶꦏꦶ ꦒꦼꦒꦪꦸꦠ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ ꦏꦫꦺꦴ ꦧꦲꦤ꧀ ꦣꦱꦂꦫꦺ ꦲꦫꦸꦥ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦪꦲꦶꦏꦸ [[kerang|ꦏꦼꦫꦁ]] ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀ꧏ ꦲꦸꦠꦮ ꦏꦮꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦂ ꦩꦮ ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁ ꦉꦩꦶꦱ꧀. ꦉꦩꦶꦱ꧀ ꦲꦶꦏꦶ ꦲꦸꦏꦸꦂꦫꦤ꧀ꦤꦺ ꦥꦣ ꦏꦪ ꦧꦼꦫꦱ꧀, ꦱꦮꦼꦠꦫ 1 ꦱꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦶꦩꦺꦠꦼꦂ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idntimes.com/food/dining-guide/fanny-ariyandini/mengenal-lontong-kupang-makanan-khas-jawa-timur-c1c2|title=Mengenal Lontong Kupang, Makanan Khas Jawa Timur|last=Times|first=I. D. N.|last2=Ariyandini|first2=Fanny|website=IDN Times|language=id|access-date=2020-05-25}}</ref> ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦱꦶꦁ ꦢꦸꦮꦺ ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁ ꦭꦠꦶꦤ꧀ ''Corbula faba'' ꦢꦶꦠꦼꦩꦺꦴꦤꦶ ꦲꦶꦁ ꦥꦱꦶꦱꦶꦂ ꦭꦲꦸꦠ꧀ ꦏꦁ ꦩ꧀ꦧꦚꦸ ꦲꦱꦶꦤ꧀ ꦱꦭꦃ ꦱꦶꦗꦶꦤꦺ ꦲꦶꦏꦸ ꦲꦶꦁ [[Madura|ꦩꦼꦢꦸꦫ]]. ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦢꦸꦮꦺ ꦏꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦠ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ Fe (ꦗ꦳ꦠ꧀ ꦧꦼꦱꦶ) ꦭꦤ꧀ Zn (zinc/ꦱꦺꦁ).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indonesiakaya.com/jelajah-indonesia/detail/lontong-kupang-lontong-dengan-siraman-kerang-kecil-khas-surabaya|title=Lontong Kupang, Lontong dengan Siraman Kerang Kecil Khas Surabaya : Kuliner - Situs Budaya Indonesia|last=Kaya|first=Indonesia|website=IndonesiaKaya|language=Indonesia|access-date=2020-05-25}}</ref> Olah-olahan iki kasusun saka lonthong, kupang, lentho lan sambel petis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://food.detik.com/info-kuliner/d-4792878/ayo-rek-jajan-lontong-kupang-enak-dan-murah-di-5-tempat-makan|title=Ayo Rek! Jajan Lontong Kupang Enak dan Murah di 5 Tempat Makan|last=Fitria|first=Riska|website=detikfood|language=id|access-date=2020-05-25|archive-date=2020-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810195451/https://food.detik.com/info-kuliner/d-4792878/ayo-rek-jajan-lontong-kupang-enak-dan-murah-di-5-tempat-makan|url-status=dead}}</ref> ꦥꦔꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ ꦲꦶꦏꦶ ꦫꦱꦤꦺ ꦒꦸꦫꦶꦃ, ꦥꦼꦣꦼꦱ꧀ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦫꦢ ꦊꦒꦶ. ꦗꦗꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ ꦲꦶꦏꦶ ꦧꦶꦱ ꦢꦶꦠꦼꦩꦺꦴꦤꦶ ꦲꦶꦁ ꦮꦫꦸꦁ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦧꦏꦸꦭ꧀ ꦥꦶꦁꦒꦶꦂ ꦢꦭꦤ꧀. ꦥꦢꦠ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦤꦺ ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦢꦶꦥꦔꦤ꧀ ꦏꦫꦺꦴ ꦱꦠꦺ ꦏꦼꦫꦁ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦲꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦤ꧀-ꦲꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦤ꧀ ꦲꦫꦸꦥ [[Ès Dogèr|ꦌꦱ꧀ ꦢꦼꦒꦤ꧀]]. == ꦕꦫ ꦔ꧀ꦒꦮꦺ == ꦔ꧀ꦒꦮꦺ ꦥꦔꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ ꦲꦶꦏꦶ ꦕꦸꦏꦸꦥ꧀ ꦒꦩ꧀ꦥꦁ ꦤꦭꦶꦏ ꦮꦶꦱ꧀ ꦲꦤ ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦊꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴ ꦱꦶꦁ ꦮꦶꦱ꧀ ꦢꦢꦶ. ꦩꦼꦤꦮ ꦢꦸꦫꦸꦁ ꦒꦮꦺ, ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦊꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴ ꦲꦶꦏꦶ ꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦠꦸꦃꦲꦏꦺ ꦮꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦸ ꦱꦸꦮꦺ ꦏꦁꦒꦶ ꦔꦺꦴꦭꦃ. ==== ꦧꦲꦤ꧀ ==== * ꦧꦚꦸ * 500 ꦒꦿꦩ꧀ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ * ꦲꦸꦪꦃ ꦱꦕꦸꦏꦸꦥ꧀ꦥꦺ * ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ * [[Lentho|ꦊꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴ]] * ꦧꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ * ꦧꦮꦁ * ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ ꦥꦼꦠꦶꦱ꧀ * ꦒꦸꦭ * ꦗꦼꦫꦸꦏ꧀ ꦤꦶꦥꦶꦱ꧀ [[Gambar:Lontong kupang.jpg|jmpl|ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦲꦶꦁ ꦥꦶꦫꦶꦁ]] ==== ꦕꦫ ꦔꦺꦴꦭꦃ ==== # ꦒꦺꦴꦣꦺꦴꦒ꧀ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦏꦫꦺꦴ ꦧꦚꦸ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦲꦸꦪꦃ ꦔꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ ꦩꦠꦼꦁ # ꦩꦼꦤꦮ ꦮꦶꦱ꧀ ꦩꦠꦼꦁ ꦧꦚ꧀ꦗꦸꦂ ꦢꦶꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦱ꧀ # ꦲꦸꦊꦒ꧀ ꦭꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦴꦏ꧀, ꦲꦸꦪꦃ, ꦒꦸꦭ, ꦊꦮꦁ, ꦧꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ, ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ [[petis|ꦥꦼꦠꦶꦱ꧀]] ꦲꦶꦁ ꦭꦺꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦂ # ꦥꦼꦉꦱ꧀ ꦗꦼꦫꦸꦏ꧀ ꦤꦶꦥꦶꦱ꧀ ꦲꦶꦁ ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ # ꦲꦶꦫꦶꦱ꧀ ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦊꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴ ꦲꦶꦁ ꦥꦶꦫꦶꦁ # ꦱꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦏ꧀ ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦏ꧀ ꦱꦏ ꦭꦺꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦂ # ꦮꦺꦤꦺꦃꦲꦏꦺ ꦏꦸꦥꦁ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦢꦸꦢꦸꦃꦲꦺ ꦱꦕꦸꦏꦸꦥ꧀ꦥꦺ # ꦏꦼꦥꦾꦸꦂꦫꦶ ꦧꦮꦁ ꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ ꦲꦶꦁ ꦣꦸꦏꦸꦂꦫꦺ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦲꦶꦫꦶꦱ꧀ꦱꦤ꧀ ꦗꦼꦫꦸꦏ꧀ ꦤꦶꦥꦶꦱ꧀ ꦲꦶꦁ ꦱꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦁꦔꦺ # ꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃ ꦮꦺꦤꦏ꧀ ꦩꦼꦤꦮ ꦢꦶꦥꦔꦤ꧀ ꦏꦫꦺꦴ ꦱꦠꦺ ꦏꦼꦫꦁ ꦭꦤ꧀ ꦲꦺꦱ꧀ ꦢꦼꦒꦤ꧀<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wistakul.com/2019/04/resep-membuat-lontong-kupang-khas-jawa.html|title=Resep Membuat Lontong kupang Khas Jawa Timur|website=Informasi Wisata & Kuliner|access-date=2020-05-25|archive-date=2020-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811060736/https://www.wistakul.com/2019/04/resep-membuat-lontong-kupang-khas-jawa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Pranala njaba == [https://cookpad.com/id/resep/315670-lontong-kupang-surabaya Resèp masak lonthong kupang] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuCem_vzlx8 Vidéyo masak lonthong kupang] == Kapustakan == [[Kategori:Panganan Jawa]] [[Kategori:Jajanan]] [[Kategori:Olah-olahan Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Jawa Wétan]] [[Kategori:ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ]] 67djdp4f4igau8ettgm20rv0ynb6nke 0 181439 1731543 1698067 2025-07-03T14:47:20Z Rlegowo 66592 1731543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox saint | honorific_prefix= [[Beato]] | name = Carlo Acutis | image =Covent Garden, Corpus Christi Catholic Church, Carlo Acutis memorial.jpg | imagesize = 280px | alt = | caption = | titles = [[Awam]] | birth_name = Carlo Acutis | birth_date = {{Birth date|1991|05|03|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[London]], [[Inggris]], [[Britania Raya]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|2006|10|12|1991|05|03|df=yes}} | death_place = [[Monza, Italia|Monza]], [[Milan]], [[Italia]] | venerated_in = [[Greja Kutolik Roma]] | beatified_date = 10 Oktober 2020 | beatified_place = [[Basilika Santo Fransiskus saka Assisi]], [[Assisi]], [[Italia]] | beatified_by = [[Agostino Vallini]] | canonized_date = | canonized_place = | canonized_by = | major_shrine = [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore]], [[Assisi]], [[Italia]] | resting_place = [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore]], [[Assisi]], [[Italia]] | feast_day = 12 Oktober | attributes = [[Laptop]]<br />[[Rosario]]<br />[[Sakramen Maha Kudus]] | patronage = {{unbulleted list|Pemuda<ref name="0MBLl" />|[[Pemrogram komputer]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rousselle|first=Christine|title=Millennial and Gen Z Catholics love Carlo Acutis. Here's why|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/millennials-and-gen-z-catholics-love-carlo-acutis-heres-why-27150|access-date=2020-10-11|website=Catholic News Agency|language=en}}</ref><!-- WARNING: patronages MUST CORRESPOND to a reliable secondary source, per WP:RS -->}} | issues = | suppressed_date = | suppressed_by = | influences = | influenced = | tradition = | major_works = }} Beato '''Carlo Acutis''' ({{lahirmati|[[London]], [[Inggris]], [[Britani Agung]]|3|5|1991|[[Monza, Italia|Monza]], [[Milan]], [[Itali]]|12|10|2006}}) yaiku [[wong enom]] [[Greja Katulik Roma|Katulik Roma]] saka [[wong Itali|Itali]].<ref name="SEB" /> Dhèwèké dikenal amargi ngedokumentasikake mukjijat-[[mukjijat Ekaristi]] ing kabeh donya lan ngekatalogkake kabeh asile ing sebuah [[situs web]] sing digawe karo dhèwèké ing berwulan-wulan sadurunge dhèwèké seda amargi [[leukemia]].<ref name="SEB" /><ref name="AT" /> Dhèwèké kasebut-sebut dadi [[milenial]] pertami sing di[[beatifikasi]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=10 Oktober 2020|title=Beatification of Carlo Acutis: The First Millennial Is Declared ‘Blessed’|url=https://www.ncregister.com/news/beatification-of-carlo-acutis-the-first-millennial-is-declared-blessed|work=National Catholic Register|access-date=5 Januari 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=12 Oktober 2020|title=Carlo Acutis: Italian teenager could be first millennial saint|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54507064|work=BBC|access-date=5 Januari 2021}}</ref> ==Referensi== {{reflist|refs= <ref name="SEB">{{cite web|url=http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/93910|title=Servant of God Carlo Acutis|date=|publisher=Santi e Beati|accessdate=31 October 2017}}</ref> <ref name="AT">{{cite web|url=https://aleteia.org/2016/12/03/computer-geek-takes-one-more-step-toward-sainthood/|title="Computer geek" takes one more step toward sainthood|date=3 December 2016|publisher=Aleteia|author=Philip Kosloski|accessdate=31 October 2017}}</ref> <ref name="0MBLl">{{cite web|publisher=The Cardinal Newman Society|date=9 December 2016|title=Young Creator of 'Eucharistic Miracles' Exhibit Can Be Role Model for Students|author=Adam Cassandra}}</ref> }} ==Pranala jaba== {{Commonscat|Carlo Acutis}} * [http://www.carloacutis.com/en/association Association of Friends of Carlo Acutis] – Official Site * [http://www.miracolieucaristici.org/en/Liste/list.html Eucharistic Miracles] – List of Eucharistic miracles cataloged by Carlo Acutis * [http://www.themarianapparitions.org/en/avm/home The apparitions of Our Lady] – List of Marian apparitions cataloged by Carlo Acutis * [http://newsaints.faithweb.com/year/2006.htm 2006 Hagiography Circle] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Acutis, Carlo}} [[Kategori:Tokoh saka Milan]] [[Kategori:Lair 1991]] [[Kategori:Pati 2006]] {{Katolik-bio-stub}} ofoj49ttvhll5difuhkc5ocdo9najli 0 182841 1731581 1690297 2025-07-04T04:16:20Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Bakso beranak|ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦧꦼꦂꦄꦤꦏ꧀}} [[Barkas:Bakso Beranak.jpg|jmpl|Bakso beranak sing berisi bakso liyane sing berukuran luwih cilik]] '''Bakso beranak''' utawa '''bakso isi''' yaiku sebuah hidangan Indonesia sing terdiri saka sebuah [[bakso]] (ing ukuran biasa utawa berukuran luwih gedhe saka ukuran biasa) sing bagean jerone diisi karo macem-macem jinis bahan panganan cair, [[gel]] utawa padhet sing berukuran luwih cilik, kayata [[keju cheedar]], [[keju mozarella]], [[cabai]], [[endog]], [[tahu]], [[sosis]], [[jamur]], daging cincang, [[bakmi]], bakso liyane sing berukuran luwih cilik, lan liya-liyane.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://food.detik.com/info-kuliner/d-3766632/ada-bakso-beranak-hingga-bakso-buaya-yang-ngehits-di-tahun-ini |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-02-24 |archive-date=2022-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224135934/https://food.detik.com/info-kuliner/d-3766632/ada-bakso-beranak-hingga-bakso-buaya-yang-ngehits-di-tahun-ini |url-status=dead }}</ref> Miturut [[KOMPAS.com]], jinis bakso kasebut miwiti digawe dening Big Bakso Family milik Oding sing dibuka sawise 2013<ref>https://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/07/17/200200727/kisah-perjuangan-di-balik-terciptanya-tren-bakso-beranak-?page=all</ref> == Referensi == {{reflist}} {{makanan-indonesia-stub}} [[Kategori:Bakso]] e0j11ae2o0x0tww853x5mp558h6hnyn 0 184481 1731556 1612938 2025-07-03T21:10:39Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film |name = A Man Called Ahok |image = |alt = |caption = |director = [[Putrama Tuta]] |producer = [[Ilya Sigma]]<br>[[Emir Hakim]]<br>[[Reza Hidayat]] |screenplay = [[Putrama Tuta]]<br>[[Ilya Sigma]]<br>[[Dani Jaka Sembada]]<ref name="metrotvnews"/> |narrator = |starring = [[Daniel Mananta]]<br>[[Eric Febrian]]<br>[[Denny Sumargo]]<br>[[Chew Kin Wah]]<br>[[Sita Nursanti]]<br>[[Donny Damara]]<br>[[Ferry Salim]]<br>[[Eriska Rein]]<br>[[Jill Gladys]] |genre = Drama |music = [[Aghi Narottama]]<br>Bemby Gusti |maintheme = |opentheme = |endtheme = |cinematography = [[Yadi Sugandi]] |editing = Herman Kumala Panca |studio = The United Team of Art |distributor = |released = [[8 November]] [[2018]] |released year = |film of location = [[Belitung]] lan [[Jakarta]] |runtime = 102 minit |country = {{bendera|Indonesia}} |language = [[Basa Indonesia|Indonesia]] |budget = |gross = Rp 54 miliar |network = |preceded by = |followed by = |awards = }} '''''A Man Called Ahok''''' yaiku film Indonesia taun 2018 sing disutradharani dening [[Putrama Tuta]] adhedhasar uku ''A man called #Ahok: sepenggal kisah perjuangan & ketulusan'' gawean [[Rudi Valinka]] sing nnyritani kauripan [[Basuki Tjahaja Purnama]] utawa Ahok ing [[Belitung Wetan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/4200926/pesan-khusus-ahok-ke-sutradara-film-a-man-called-ahok|title=Pesan Khusus Ahok ke Sutradara Film 'A Man Called Ahok'|first=Ibnu|last=Hariyanto|publisher=|access-date=7 Sèptèmber 2018|archive-date=2018-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909231013/https://news.detik.com/berita/4200926/pesan-khusus-ahok-ke-sutradara-film-a-man-called-ahok|url-status=dead}}</ref> Filem sing diprodhuksi dening The United Team of Art iki diprodhuseri bebarengan karo [[Ilya Sigma]], Emir Hakim, lan Reza Hidayat, karo bintang utami [[Daniel Mananta]] berperan minangka Ahok diwasa lan [[Eric Febrian]] minangka Ahok enom.<ref name="metrotvnews">{{cite web|url=http://hiburan.metrotvnews.com/film/eN4XjrwN-film-a-man-called-ahok-angkat-kisah-ahok-di-belitung|title=Film A Man Called Ahok Angkat Kisah Ahok di Belitung|publisher=Metrotvnews.com|author=Purba Wirastama|date=6 Sèptèmber 2018|accessdate=6 Oktober 2018|archive-date=2018-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006195203/http://hiburan.metrotvnews.com/film/eN4XjrwN-film-a-man-called-ahok-angkat-kisah-ahok-di-belitung|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kajaba iku, pemeran liyane ing filem iki yaiku [[Denny Sumargo]], [[Chew Kin Wah]], [[Sita Nursanti]], [[Donny Damara]], [[Ferry Salim]], [[Eriska Rein]], lan [[Jill Gladys]]. == Referensi == {{reflist}} {{film-indo-stub}} [[Kategori:Filem Indonésia taun 2018]] fqfgev9k8osg5z20sfg4lpk3x3y21nk 0 184495 1731562 1674348 2025-07-03T23:46:05Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara | image = | caption = | director = [[Herwin Novianto]] | producer = Hamdhani Kustoro | screenplay = [[Jujur Prananto]] | story = Gunawan Raharja | starring = {{plainlist| * [[Laudya Cynthia Bella]] * Agung Isya Almasie Benu * Dionisius Rivaldo Moruk * Wilhelmina Seo Enok * [[Lydia Kandou]] * [[Arie Kriting]] * [[Ge Pamungkas]] * [[Surya Sahetapy]] }} | music = [[Tya Subiakto]] | cinematography = [[Edi Santoso]] | editing = [[Wawan I. Wibowo]] | studio = Film One Production | released = [[19 Mei]] [[2016]] | runtime = 109 minit | country = {{INA}} | language = | budget = }} '''''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara''''' yaiku [[filem]] [[Filem drama|drama]] [[Indonesia]] taun [[2016]] sing diprodhuksi dening [[Film One Productions]] lan disutradharani dening [[Herwin Novianto]]. Filem iki adhedhasar crita sabenere wadon [[muslim]] sing dadi guru ing desa terpencil. Filem iki njupuk lokasi syuting ing [[Atambua]], [[Nusa Tenggara Wetan]]. Filem kasebut dibintangi dening [[Laudya Cynthia Bella]], [[Lidya Kandau]], [[Arie Kriting]], lan [[Ge Pamungkas]]. Filem iki tayang ing bioskop ing [[19 Mei]] [[2016]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ardian|first=Dicky|date=9 Mèi 2016|title=Film 'Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara' Siap Bersaing dengan 'AADC? 2'|url=https://hot.detik.com/movie/d-3206303/film-aisyah-biarkan-kami-bersaudara-siap-bersaing-dengan-aadc-2|website=[[Detik.com]]|language=id-ID|access-date=30 Dhésèmber 2020}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Referensi == {{reflist}} == Pranala jaba == * {{IMDb title|tt9186300}} * {{Id}} ''[http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-a027-16-628075_aisyah-biarkan-kami-bersaudara Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319075956/http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-a027-16-628075_aisyah-biarkan-kami-bersaudara |date=2022-03-19 }} di Indonesia.or.id'' {{indo-film-stub}} [[Kategori:Filem Indonésia taun 2016]] [[Kategori:Atambua, Belu]] glepsipa33o2p4zibrbhng4k7ltpf0n 0 188118 1731559 1701454 2025-07-03T22:13:41Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Officeholder |honorific-prefix = [[Dokter|dr.]] [[Haji (gelar)|H.]] |name = {{PAGENAME}} |honorific-suffix = [[Magister|M.M.]], AV |image = Adang Sudrajat.jpg |order = |office = Anggota [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia]] |term_start = 4 Juni 2015 |term_end = 4 Juli 2021<br><small>Pengganti Antar Waktu hingga 1 Oktober 2019</small> |constituency = [[Daftar daerah pemilihan nasional Indonesia|Jawa Barat II]] |predecessor = [[Ma'mur Hasanuddin]] |successor = [[Diah Nurwitasari]] |1blankname = Perolehan suara |1namedata = |alma_mater = [[Universitas Padjajaran]]<br>[[Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen dan Bisnis Telkom]] |birth_date = {{birth date|1962|10|23}} |birth_place = {{negara|Indonesia}} [[Ciamis]], [[Jawa Barat]] |death_date = {{death date and age|2021|7|4|1962|10|23}} |death_place = {{negara|Indonesia}} [[Bandung]], [[Jawa Barat]] |spouse = Evelina Dewi H. |children = |party = [[Partai Keadilan Sejahtera]] |religion = [[Islam]] }} '''Adang Sudrajat''' ({{lahirmati|[[Ciamis]], [[Jawa Barat]]|23|10|1962|RS Edelweiss [[Bandung]], [[Jawa Barat]]|4|7|2021}}) iku dokter lan politikus Indonésia saka [[Partai Keadilan Sejahtera]]. Dhèwèké dadi anggota DPR-RI Pengganti Sementara (PAW) ngganti [[Ma'mur Hasanuddin]] sing tilar donya lan banjur dilantik tanggal 4 Juni 2015.<ref>[http://politik.rmol.co/ waca/2015/ 06/04/205044/Adang-Sudrajat-Dilantik-Dadi-DPR-Adang Sudrajat Dilantik dadi Anggota DPR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321021429/http://politik.rmol.co/ |date=2018-03-21 }}. RMOL.com</ref> Adang asale saka konstituen Jawa Barat II sing kalebu [[Kabupaten Bandung]] lan [[Kabupaten Bandung Barat]]. Dhèwèké uga dikenal minangka avasinologist. [[Avasinologist]] minangka istilah kanggo ahli terapi sing nggunakake piranti logam kanthi teknik tindikan ing awak, sing dikembangake saka metode Timur Tengah obat al-kay (wesi sing diobong). Adang tilar donya tanggal 4 Juli 2021 sawise sawetara dina dirawat amarga virus [[Coronavirus disease 2019|Covid-19]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rahayu|first=Lisye Sri|title=Positif Corona, Anggota DPR F -PKS Adang Sudrajat Meninggal Dunia|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5631139/positif-corona-member-dpr-f-pks-adang-sudrajat-meninggal-dunia|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2021-07-05}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Riwayat Organisasi == * Ketua Divisi Profesi Generasi Muda dan DPW [[Partai Keadilan Sejahtera]] Jawa Barat (2010-saiki) * Bendahara Umum DPW [[Partai Keadilan Sejahtera]] Jawa Barat (2005-2010) * Kepala Divisi Kebijakan Publik DPW [[Partai Keadilan Sejahtera]] Jawa Barat (2001-2005) * Ketua DPD [[Partai Kehakiman]] Kabupaten Bandung (1998-1999) == Riwayat Kerja == * Anggota DPRD F-PKS Kota Bandung (2004-2009) * Wakil Direktur Bidang Akademik ing Akademi Al Islam Bandung (2001-2004) * Wakil Direktur Dukungan Medis [[Rumah Sakit Al Islam]] Bandung (2000-2001) * Wakil Direktur Sumber Daya Manusia [[Rumah Sakit Al Islam]] Bandung (1997-2000) ==Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == [http://wikidpr.org/member/55ba3f5d9e443de776000002 Profil Adang Sudrajat ing WikiDPR]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://dct.kpu.go.id/images/document/DPR/3202/03/02.pdf Calon DPR RI Adang Sudrajat]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sudrajat, Adang}} [[Kategori:Alumni Universitas Padjadjaran]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Basa Sunda]] [[Kategori:Angka Jawa Barat]] [[Kategori:Karakter saka Ciamis]] [[Kategori:Politisi Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Politisi Partai Keadilan Sejahtera]] [[Kategori:Anggota DPR RI 2014–2019]] [[Kategori:Seda amarga pandemi COVID-19 ing Indonesia]] [[Kategori:Lair 1962]] [[Kategori:Pati 2021]] j71kdily6mgaztjumpmnh6ex0s3i1tj 0 192129 1731579 1726960 2025-07-04T03:25:01Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Officeholder |honorific-prefix = |name = Azyumardi Azra |image = Prof. Dr. Azyumardi Azra.jpg |imagesize = 200px |caption = |birth_date = {{birth date|1955|3|4}} |birth_place = [[Lubuk Alung, Padang Pariaman]], [[Sumatra Barat]], [[Indonesia]] |birth_name = |othername = |death_date = {{death date and age|2022|09|18|1955|3|4}} |death_place = [[Selangor]], [[Malaysia]] |yearsactive = |office = [[Dewan Pers|Ketua Dewan Pers]] |term_start = 19 Mei 2022 |term_end = 18 September 2022 |predecessor = [[Muhammad Nuh|Prof. Dr. Ir. K.H. Mohammad Nuh, DEA]] |successor = |office1 = Rektor UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta |term_start1 = 1998 |term_end1 = 2006 |predecessor1 = [[Ahmad Sukardja|Prof. Dr. H. Ahmad Sukardja, SH, MA]] |successor1 = [[Komaruddin Hidayat|Prof. Dr. Komaruddin Hidayat]] |spouse = Ipah Farihah |partner = |children = 4 |parents = |influences = |influenced = |website = https://azraazyumardi.com/ }} Prof. Dr. H. '''Azyumardi Azra''', MA, M.Phil., CBE. ({{Lairpati|[[Lubuk Alung, Padang Pariaman]], [[Sumatra Barat]]|4|3|1955|Serdang,[[Selangor]]|18|09|2022}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2022/09/18/breaking-news-ketua-dewan-pers-azyumardi-azra-tutup-usia-di-malaysia|title=BREAKING NEWS: Ketua Dewan Pers Azyumardi Azra Tutup Usia di Malaysia|website=Tribunnews.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2022-09-18}}</ref> iku akademisi lan sarjana Muslim Indonésia. Tiyangé njabat dadi Rektor [[UIN Syarif Hidayatullah|UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta]] antara taun 1998 nganti 2006.<ref name="kmps" /> Ing taun 2010, piyambakipun pikantuk gelar kehormatan [[:id:Ordo Imperium Britania|Commander of the Order of British Empire]], saking Inggris lan dados 'Sir' pisanan saking Indonesia.<ref>NERACA.co.id, 25 Agustus 2012. [http://www.neraca.co.id/harian/article/18098/Gelar.Sir.dan.Produk.Halal#.UWjYzaI0yyo Gelar Sir dan Produk Halal]{{Dead link|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Ing taun 2022, tiyangé kapilih dadi Ketua [[Dewan Pers]] periode 2022-2025.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dewanpers.or.id/berita/detail/2342/Serah-Terima-Jabatan-Anggota-Dewan-Pers|title=Dewan Pers|website=dewanpers.or.id|access-date=2022-05-24|archive-date=2023-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209115725/https://dewanpers.or.id/berita/detail/2342/serah-terima-jabatan-anggota-dewan-pers|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-6084270/azyumardi-azra-jadi-ketua-ini-susunan-anggota-dewan-pers-2022-2025|title=Azyumardi Azra Jadi Ketua, Ini Susunan Anggota Dewan Pers 2022-2025|last=Azzahra|first=Tiara Aliya|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2022-05-24|archive-date=2022-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930205035/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-6084270/azyumardi-azra-jadi-ketua-ini-susunan-anggota-dewan-pers-2022-2025|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Babad Urip == === Karir === Azyumardi miwiti karir ing pendhidhikan dhuwur minangka mahasiswa sarjana ing Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta nalika taun 1982, banjur kanthi bantuan beasiswa Fulbright, tiyangé entuk gelar ''Master of Art'' (MA) ing Jurusan Bahasa lan Budaya Timur Tengah, [[Universitas Columbia]] taun 1988. Piyambakipun menangake Columbia President Fellowship saka universitas sing padha, nanging wektu iki Azyumardi pindhah menyang Departemen Sejarah, lan entuk gelar MA ing taun 1989. Ing taun 1992, piyambakipun pikantuk gelar ''Magister Filsafat'' (MPhil) saking Jurusan Sejarah, Universitas Columbia taun 1990 lan Doktor Filsafat kanthi disertasi sing irah-irahane yaiku ''The Transmission of Islamic Reformism to Indonesia: Network of Middle Eastern and Malay-Indonesian ‘Ulama in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries''. Ing taun 2004, disertasi sing direvisi diterbitake bebarengan ing [[Canberra]] (Allen Unwin lan AAAS), Honolulu (Hawaii University Press), lan Leiden, [[Walanda]] (KITLV Press). Balik menyang Jakarta, ing taun 1993 Azyumardi ngedegake lan dadi pimpinan redaksi Studia Islamika, sawijine jurnal studi Islam saka Indonesia. Ing taun 1994–1995, tiyange ngunjungi Southeast Asian Studies ing Oxford Center for Islamic Studies, [[Universitas Oxford]], [[Inggris]], nalika mulang minangka dosen ing St. Anthony College.<ref name="tkh" /> Azyumardi uga wis dadi profesor tamu ing Universitas Filipina lan Universitas Malaya, Malaysia ing taun 1997.<ref name="ipb">http://www.ipb.ac.id. [http://www.ipb.ac.id/?b=628 Anggota Dewan Audit IPB Periode 2007-2012]</ref> Saliyané iku, tiyangé dadi anggota Panitia Seleksi Program Pertukaran Regional Asia Tenggara (SEASREP) sing diselenggarakaké déning Toyota Foundation lan Japan Center, Tokyo, Jepang antara taun 1997–1999. Wiwit Desember 2006 piyambakipun njabat minangka Direktur Pascasarjana UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta. Sadurungé taun 1998 nganti pungkasan taun 2006, Azyumardi Azra dadi Rektor UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.<ref name="az" /> Piyambakipun pernah dados Wartawan ''Paguyuban Panji'' (1979–1985),<ref name="ipb"/> Dosen Fakultas Adab lan Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta (1992–saiki), [[Profésor|Guru]] Besar Sejarah Fakultas Adab IAIN Jakarta, lan Asisten Rektor I IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta (1998). Tiyangé uga wong [[Asia Kidul-wétan|Asia Tenggara]] pisanan sing diangkat dadi Profesor Fellow ing Universitas Melbourne, Australia (2004–2009), lan anggota ''Dewan Pengawas'' Universitas Islam Internasional Pakistan Islamabad (2004–2009).<ref name="tkh" /> Tiyangé uga isih dadi anggota sarekat [[:id:Kemitraan bagi Pembaruan Tata Pemerintahan|Kemitraan bagi Pembaruan Tata Pemerintahan]]. == Kahuripan pribadi == Azyumardi nikah karo Ipah Farihah lan duwe anak 4, yaiku Raushanfikri Usada, Firman El-Amny Azra, Muhammad Subhan Azra, lan Emily Sakina Azra. Azyumardi Azra misuwur minangka [[Profésor|profesor]] ingkang ahli babagan sejarah, sosial lan intelektual Islam. Nalika dadi Rektor ing [[UIN Syarif Hidayatullah|Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta]], tiyangé nggawe terobosan gedhe ing institusi pendidikan kasebut.<ref name="az" /> Ing wulan Mei 2002, IAIN ganti jeneng dadi [[UIN Syarif Hidayatullah|Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta]].<ref name="az" /> Iki minangka kelanjutan saka gagasan Rektor sadurunge, Prof. Dr. Harun Nasution, sing kepengin lulusan IAIN dadi wong sing rasional, modern, demokratis, lan toleran.<ref name="az" /> Wiwitane Azyumardi ora terobsesi utawa duwe cita-cita kanggo kalebet ing studi agama Islam. Iki amarga dhèwèké luwih seneng lumebu ing bidang pendidikan umum ing IKIP.<ref name="tkh" /> Ananging merga saka pamrayogane bapake, Azyumardi lumebu IAIN saengga saiki dikenal minangka tokoh intelektual Islam Indonesia. Dhèwèké lair saka bapake Azikar lan ibune Ramlah.<ref name="tkh" /> Ing taun 2006 jabatane minangka Rektor resmi diganti dening Prof. Dr. Komaruddin Hidayat.<ref name="th">http://www.tokohindonesia.com. [http://www.tokohindonesia.com/ensiklopedi/k/komaruddin-hidayat/biografi/01.shtml Prof Dr Komaruddin Hidayat: Rektor UIN Jakarta 2006-2010] {{Webarchive}}</ref> Ing rapat senat sing dipimpin dhéwé, Komarudin Hidayat kapilih nggantèkaké pak Azyumardi kanthi ngalahaké rong calon liyané. == Karya tulis == Buku kang diterbitake: * Jaringan Ulama, terbit tahun [[:id:1994|1994]] * Pergolakan Poitik Islam, terbit tahun [[:id:1996|1996]] * Islam Reformis, terbit tahun [[:id:1999|1999]] * Konteks Berteologi di Indonesia, terbit tahun 1999 * Menuju Masyarakat Madani, terbit tahun 1999 * Pendidikan Islam: Tradisi dan Modernisasi Menuju Milenium Baru, terbit tahun 1999 * Esei-esei Pendidikan Islam dan Cendekiawan Muslim,1999 * Renaisans Islam di Asia Tenggara – buku ini berhasil memenangkan penghargaan nasional sebagai buku terbaik untuk kategori ilmu-ilmu sosial dan humaniora pada tahun 1999, terbit tahun 1999 * Islam Substantif, terbit tahun [[:id:2000|2000]] * Historiografi Islam Kontemporer: Wacana, Aktualitas dan Aktor Sejarah ([[:id:2002|2002]]) * Paradigma Baru Pendidikan Nasional: Rekonstruksi dan Demokratisasi (2002) * Reposisi Hubungan Agama dan Negara (2002) * Menggapai Solidaritas: Tensi antara Demokrasi, Fundamentalisme, dan Humanisme (2002) * Konflik Baru Antar-Peradaban: Globalisasi, Radikalisme, dan Pluralitas * Islam Nusantara: Jaringan Global dan Lokal (2002) * Surau: Pendidikan Islam Tradisional dalam Transisi dan Modernisasi ([[:id:2003|2003]]) * Disertasi doktor berjudul “The Transmission of Islamic Reformism to Indonesia: Network of Middle Eastern and Malay-Indonesian ‘Ulama in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries’”, pada tahun [[:id:2004|2004]] sesudah direvisi diterbitkan secara simultan di Canberra (Allen Unwin dan AAAS), di [[:id:Honolulu|Honolulu]] ([[:id:Universitas Hawaii|Hawaii University]] Press), dan di Leiden Negeri [[:id:Belanda|Belanda]] (KITLV Press). * Indonesia Bertahan (DARI MENDIRIKAN NEGARA HINGGA MERAYAKAN DEMOKRASI) 2020 == Penghargaan == * Penulis Paling Produktif, saka Penerbit Mizan, [[Kutha Bandhung|Bandung]], 2002 * [[Barkas:Bintang_Mahaputera_Utama_rib.svg|pra=Berkas:Bintang_Mahaputera_Utama_rib.svg|nirbing|65x65px]] [[Lintang Mahaputra Utama|Bintang Mahaputera Utama]], 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cdn.setneg.go.id/_multimedia/document/20200107/4404daftar_penerima_bintang_mahaputera_tahun_2004-sekarang.pdf|title=Daftar WNI Yang Memperoleh Tanda Kehormatan Bintang Mahaputera Tahun 2004 - Sekarang|website=Kementerian Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia|access-date=2022-09-26}}</ref> * [[Barkas:Order_of_the_British_Empire_(Civil)_Ribbon.svg|pra=Berkas:Order_of_the_British_Empire_(Civil)_Ribbon.svg|70x70px]] Commander of the Most Excellent [[:id:Order of the British Empire|Order of the British Empire]] '''(CBE)''' saka Inggris, 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tirto.id/azyumardi-azra-sejarawan-islam-dan-sir-pertama-dari-indonesia-cL2D|title=Azyumardi Azra: Sejarawan Islam dan 'Sir' Pertama dari Indonesia|last=Ridhoi|first=M. Ahsan|website=tirto.id|language=id|access-date=2020-02-19}}</ref> * Sarwono Prawirohardjo Memorial Lecture (SML) saka Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI), 2017.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.suara.com/news/2017/11/08/123739/berjasa-azyumardi-azra-dapat-penghargaan-dari-kaisar-jepang|title=Berjasa, Azyumardi Azra Dapat Penghargaan dari Kaisar Jepang|date=2017-11-08|website=suara.com|language=id|access-date=2020-02-19}}</ref> * [[Barkas:JPN_Kyokujitsu-sho_2Class_BAR.svg|pra=Berkas:JPN_Kyokujitsu-sho_2Class_BAR.svg|al=ribbon bar|60x60px|pita bar]] Order of Rising Sun: Gold and Silver Star '', saka Kaisar Jepang, 2017.<ref name=":0" />'' == Referensi == {{Reflist}}{{S-start}} {{Kotak_suksesi|jabatan=[[Rektor UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta]]|tahun=[[1998]] - [[2006]]|pendahulu=[[Ahmad Sukardja|Prof. Dr. H. Ahmad Sukardja, SH, MA]]|pengganti=[[Komaruddin Hidayat|Prof. Dr. Komaruddin Hidayat]]}} {{Kotak rampung}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Muhammadiyah]] [[Kategori:Tokoh ICMI]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Islam Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Lair 1955]] [[Kategori:Pati 2022]] 6n4m0mwod7285lkpch0diapvn81t1va 0 193803 1731546 1729670 2025-07-03T17:39:36Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Yeyasan Handadénta | full_name = | logo = | logo_size = | logo_alt = | logo_caption = | image = Yayasan Hondodento.jpg | image_size = | alt = <!-- see [[WP:ALT]] --> | caption = | formation = <!-- or |established = --><!-- use {{start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | founder = Ki Wiryodikarso (Mbah Plered) | founding_location = [[Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta|Ngayogyakarta]] | type = <!-- e.g., [[Nonprofit organization|Nonprofit]], [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]], etc. --> | status = Yeyasan | purpose = Nguri-uri budaya | headquarters = [[Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta|Ngayogyakarta]] | location_city = Ngayogyakarta | location_country = Indhonésia | location_city2 = | location_country2 = | coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LON|display=inline,title}} --> | origins = | region_served = [[Indhonésia]] | language = [[Basa Jawa|Jawi]] kaliyan [[Basa Indonésia|Indhonésia]] | owner = <!-- or |owners = --> | key_people = Ki Wiryodikarso (Mbah Plered) }} {{artikel ing krama}} '''Yeyasan Handadénta''' ([[Aksara Carakan|Carakan]]: ꦪꦪꦱꦤ꧀ꦲꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦢꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦠ; [[Basa Indonésia|basa Indhonésia]]: ''Yayasan Hondodento'') inggih punika yeyasan panguri-uri budaya ingkang kapernah wonten ing [[Daérah Istiméwa Yogyakarta|Daérah Istiméwa Ngayogyakarta]].<ref name="Izayanti">{{Cite|url=https://digilib.uinsa.ac.id/46368/2/Ayu%20Nurul%20Izayanti_E02217008.pdf|title=Studi tentang Ritual Satu Suro di Petilasan Sri Aji Jayabaya Kediri|last=Izayanti|first=Ayu Nurul|publisher=Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya|year=2021|pp=38-39|access-date=2023-02-11|archive-date=2023-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211031605/https://digilib.uinsa.ac.id/46368/2/Ayu%20Nurul%20Izayanti_E02217008.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yeyasan punika ugi dipun sengkuyung déning [[Kundha Kabudayan (Ngayogyakarta)|Kundha Kabudayan Ngayogyakarta]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jogjatv.co.id/news/read/labuhan-hondodento|title=Labuhan Hondodento|date=28 Oktober 2015|website=Jogja TV|language=jv|access-date=11 Fèbruari 2023}}</ref> == Sajarah == Yeyasan Handadénta dipun pandhegani déning Ki Wiryodikarso utawi dipun wastani Mbah Plered nalika [[Hamengkubuwana IX]] jumeneng nata.<ref name="Izayanti" /> Yeyasan punika sampun ngadegaken pinten-pinten yasan, kados ta Pamuksan Sri Aji Jayabaya nalika warsa 1975 kaliyan Sendhang Tirta Kamandanu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Juliati|first=Intan|last2=Ruja|first2=I. Nyoman|last3=Kurniawan|first3=Bayu|date=7 Fèbruari 2021|title=Makna Simbolik Kirab Ritual 1 Surodi Desa Menang Kecamatan Pagu Kabupaten Kediri|url=http://jurnal.ikipjember.ac.id/index.php/sandhyakala/article/view/411|journal=Sandhyakala|language=|volume=2|issue=1|pages=53|access-date=2023-02-11|archive-date=2023-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211031551/http://jurnal.ikipjember.ac.id/index.php/sandhyakala/article/view/411|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Pramita">{{Cite journal|last=Pramita|first=Yuni|last2=Sagara|first2=Nuansa Bayu|date=Mèi 2022|title=Analisis Potensi dan Pengelolaan Desa Agro-History Wisata Menang di Kabupaten Kediri Sebagai Sarana Edukatif dan Sumber Pembelajaran IPS|url=https://ejournal.unikama.ac.id/index.php/JPPI/article/view/6586|journal=Jurnal Penelitian dan Pendidikan IPS|language=en|volume=16|issue=1|page=93|doi=|issn=}}</ref> Pamuksan Sri Aji Jayabaya kapernah wonten ing [[Menang, Pagu, Kedhiri|Désa Menang, Kacamatan Pagu, Kabupatèn Kadhiri]] ingkang dipun pitadosi dados papan pamoksaning [[Jayabaya (ratu)|Jayabaya]] saking [[Karajan Pangjalu|Karajan Kadhiri]], wondéné Sendhang Tirta Kamandanu dipun pitadosi dados papan semèdining Jayabaya, pramèswari, putri, kaliyan, wadyanipun.<ref name="Pramita" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-1555434/menapak-jejak-kebesaran-kerajaan-kediri-dari-peninggalannya|title=Menapak Jejak Kebesaran Kerajaan Kediri dari Peninggalannya|website=detikNews|language=|date=27 Januari 2011|access-date=11 Fèbruari 2023|archive-date=2023-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211031555/https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-1555434/menapak-jejak-kebesaran-kerajaan-kediri-dari-peninggalannya|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yeyasan punika ugi ingkang miwiti upacara adat 1 Sura ing Pamuksan Sri Aji Jayabaya nalika warsa 1976.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Purnomo|first=Ardy|last2=Soepeno|first2=Bambang|last3=Handayani|first3=Sri|date=2015|title=Upacara tradisional 1 Suro di Petilasan Sri Aji Joyoboyo Desa Menang Kecamatan Pagu Kabupaten Kediri tahun 1976-2014|url=https://repository.unej.ac.id/xmlui/handle/123456789/63512|journal=Artikel Ilmiah Mahasiswa}}</ref> Kajawi punika, Yeyasan Handadénta ingkang miwiti Labuhan Handadénta nalika warsa 1974 ingkang dipun adani kanthi pribadhi ing [[Pasisir Parangkusuma]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.portalyogya.com/yogyakarta/pr-2081492552/wisata-jogja-dalam-upacara-adat-labuhan-hondodento|title=Wisata Jogja dalam Upacara Adat Labuhan Hondodento - Portal Yogya|last=Prasisko|first=Yongky Gigih|date=16 Oktober 2021|website=Portal Yogya|access-date=11 Fèbruari 2023}}</ref> nanging sapunika sampun saged dipun tumuti masarakat umum saben taunipun nalika tanggal 15 wulan Sura manut [[pananggalan Jawa|pananggalan Jawi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merdeka.com/travel/mengikuti-labuhan-hondodento-bulan-suro-di-pantai-parangkusumo.html|title=Mengikuti Labuhan Hondodento Bulan Suro di Pantai Parangkusumo|date=23 Agustus 2021|website=Merdeka.com|last=Hasan|first=Ibrahim|access-date=11 Fèbruari 2023}}</ref> == Uga pirsani == {{portal|Budaya}} * [[Labuhan Handadénta]] * [[Labuhan Karaton Ngayogyakarta]] * [[Musiyum Padhépokan Sumber Karahayon]] * [[Sendhang Tirta Kamandanu]] == Rujukan == {{Reflist|2}} == Waosan lajengan == {{refbegin|2}} '''Buku''' * {{Cite book|last=Quinn|first=George|date=2019|title=Bandit Saints of Java: How Java's Eccentric Saints are Challenging Fundamentalist Islam in Modern Indonesia|location=Selangor|publisher=Monsoon Books|isbn=978-191-2049-45-5|url-status=}} * {{Cite book|last=Quinn|first=George|date=2021|title=Wali Berandal Tanah Jawa|location=Jakarta|publisher=Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia|isbn=978-602-4815-24-0|url-status=}} '''Buku lami''' * {{Cite book|last=Pengurus Pusat Yayasan Hondodento|first=|date=1989|title=Loka Moksa Sang Prabu Sri Aji Jayabaya dan Sendang Tirtokamandanu|location=Yogyakarta|publisher=Yayasan Hondodento|isbn=|url-status=}} * {{Cite book|last=Pengurus Pusat Yayasan Hondodento|first=|date=2004|title=Perjalanan Yayasan Hondodento|location=Yogyakarta|publisher=Kelompok Malam Seton (Yogyakarta)|isbn=|url-status=}} * {{Cite book|last=Yudoyono|first=Bambang|date=1984|title=Sang Prabu Sri Adji Djajabaja, 1135–1157|location=Yogyakarta|publisher=Karya Unipress|isbn=|url-status=}} '''Jurnal''' * {{Cite journal|last=Ariyanto|first=Vionita Rizkyka|last2=Trisakti|first2=|last3=|first3=|title=Bentuk dan Nilai Pendidikan Arak-Arakan Ritual 1 Sura Petilasan Sri Aji Jayabaya di Kabupaten Kediri|journal=Apron|volume=2|issue=1|date=2013|doi=|issn=2252-7958|url=https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/apron/article/view/48116}} * {{Cite journal|last=Jalil|first=Abdul|last2=|first2=|last3=|first3=|title=Memaknai Tradisi Upacara Labuhan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Masyarakat Parangtritis|journal=El Harakah|volume=17|issue=1|date=2015|doi=|issn=2356-1734|url=https://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/infopub/article/view/3088}} * {{Cite journal|last=Juliati|first=Intan|last2=Ruja|first2=I Nyoman|last3=Kurniawan|first3=Bayu|title=Makna Simbolis Kirab Ritual 1 Sura Desa Menang, Kecamatan Pagu, Kabupaten Kediri|journal=Sandhyakala|volume=2|issue=1|date=2021|doi=|issn=2721-2602|url=https://jurnal.unipar.ac.id/index.php/sandhyakala/article/view/411|access-date=2023-02-11|archive-date=2023-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114174549/https://jurnal.unipar.ac.id/index.php/sandhyakala/article/view/411|url-status=dead}} * {{Cite journal|last=Yuni|first=Pramita|last2=Sagara|first2=Nuansa Bayu|last3=|first3=|title=Analisis Potensi dan Pengelolaan Desa Agro-History Wisata Menang di Kabupaten Kediri Sebagai Sarana Edukatif dan Sumber Pembelajaran IPS|journal=Jurnal Penelitian dan Pendidikan IPS|volume=16|issue=1|date=2022|doi=|issn=2721-8821|url=https://ejournal.unikama.ac.id/index.php/JPPI/article/view/6586}} {{refend}} == Pranala jawi == {{commons category|Yeyasan Handadénta}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oi6ezCsZvoQ Filem Dokumenter Musiyum Padhépokan Sumber Karahayon] * [https://budaya-indonesia.org/labuhan-hondodento Labuhan Handadénta] * [https://www.datatempo.co/foto/detail/P1011201400076/labuhan-yayasan-hondodento-di-bantul-yogyakarta Labuhan Yeyasan Handadénta wonten ing Bantul, Ngayogyakarta] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114171846/https://www.datatempo.co/foto/detail/P1011201400076/labuhan-yayasan-hondodento-di-bantul-yogyakarta |date=2023-01-14 }} * [https://www.instagram.com/museum_sumberkarahayon/?hl=id Musiyum Padhépokan Sumber Karahayon] wonten ing [[:jv:Instagram|Instagram]] * [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfu5Ch8Psde_DVAPNUULObw Musiyum Padhépokan Sumber Karahayon] wonten ing [[:jv:YouTube|YouTube]] [[Kategori:Budaya Jawa]] [[Kategori:WikiPusaka]] dgppbzwy1eahiw9b5ajsu2khjuiy265 0 193852 1731603 1703627 2025-07-04T10:15:34Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731603 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Blangkon Ngayogyakarta''' inggih punika minangka tilaran [[leluhur]] ingkang dipun rasuk wonten [[mustaka]], [[Blangkon]] minangka tutup utawi iket mustaka tiyang kakung saking tradhisi busana [[Jawa|Jawi]].<ref><nowiki>http://jurnal.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/PES/article/view/3064</nowiki></ref> Limrahipun kadamel saking [[kain]] polos ingkang dipun rajut utawi nganggé corak rerenggan ([[bathik]]).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cisara|first=Anugrah|date=2018|title=Blangkon dan Kaum Pria Jawa|url=https://jurnal.isi-ska.ac.id/index.php/gelar/article/view/2488/2277|journal=Gelar Jurnal Seni dan Budaya|volume=16|pages=164-167}}</ref> Caranipun kain dipun lempit, dipun gangsuli, lan dipun jait supados ketingal kados [[topi]] ingkang saged langsung dipun anggé.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2021/01/14/menggali-keistimewaan-dan-makna-filosofis-di-balik-blangkon|title=Ndhudhuk Mirungganing saha Makna Filosofis Suwaliking Blangkon (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=GNFI|first=Kawan|date=2021-01-14|website=Good News From Indonesia|access-date=2023-02-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Tutup Kepala Tradisional Jawa|last=Toekio|first=Soegeng|publisher=Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|year=1980|location=Jakarta|pages=27}}</ref> Blangkon Ngayogyakarta limrahipun gadhah pola [[Kumitir]], [[Sidamukti]], Asih Winarna, [[Wahyu Tumurun]], Sekar Jagad, Gadhung Mlathi, [[Modhang]], malah ugi Cèlèng Kewengèn.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merdeka.com/travel/sosok-mbah-oden-sang-pengrajin-blangkon-keraton-yang-melegenda.html|title=Mbah Odhèn Juru Damel Blangkon Kraton (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Hasan|first=Ibrahim|date=2021-09-01|website=Merdeka.com|access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> Motif puniki nggambaraken tiyang ingkang tansah ngupayakaken [[gesang]]. Blangkon Ngayogyakarta kadamel nganggé lempitan kain ingkang kathah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/budaya/d-6009949/blangkon-jateng-dan-jogja-ini-beda-gaya-hingga-motifnya|title=Blangkon Jawi Tengah lan Ngayogya Bènten Gagrag ngantos motif (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Detik|first=Tim|date=2022-03-31|website=Detik Jateng|access-date=2023-02-16|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216152818/https://www.detik.com/jateng/budaya/d-6009949/blangkon-jateng-dan-jogja-ini-beda-gaya-hingga-motifnya|url-status=dead}}</ref> Blangkon gagrag Ngayogyakarta taksih dipun asilaken, sesarengan kalihan ''desain'' kas lan sedaya simbul, makna lan pangaji ingkang wonten ing ngriku.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://warisanbudaya.kemdikbud.go.id/?newdetail&detailTetap=521|title=Warisan Budaya Blangkon Yogyakarta|last=WBTB|first=Admin|date=2017-01-01|website=Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|access-date=2023-02-16|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216030055/https://warisanbudaya.kemdikbud.go.id/?newdetail&detailTetap=521|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sujarah == Wonten ingkang mastani blangkon minangka bauran [[budaya]] [[Hindhu]] sarta [[Islam]].<ref>Inty Nahari (2019). Akulturasi Budaya Mataram pada Bentuk Blangkon Warok Ponorogo. Seminar Nasional Sandyakala</ref> Pedagang [[Gujarat]] keturunan [[Arab]] ingkang ngrasuk agami Islam mlebet ing [[Indhonésia]]. Asring nganggé sorban, kain panjang ingkang dipun blebet wonten ing mustaka minangka [[iket]]. Lajeng marahi tiyang Jawi rikala puniku kanggé migunakaken kain iket ing mustaka. Blangkon asalipun saking tembung "blangko" ingkang tegesipun cumawis dipun anggé.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.krjogja.com/hiburan/read/354613/rahasia-di-balik-blangkon|title=Rahasia ing Suwaliking Blangkon (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Agung|first=KR|date=2016-11-04|website=KR Jogja|access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> Ing jaman rumiyin, blangkon punika wujudipun boten [[bunder]], nanging kados iket mustaka kanthi cara pangiket ingkang jlimet. Nut lampahing jaman, sampun wonten ''inovasi'' damel iket mustaka cumawis ingkang dipun wastani blangkon. Blangkon awujud kain [[pesagi]] panjang ukuran 105 cm x 105 [[cm]]. Kain puniki dipun lempit sepalih dados segitiga lajeng dipun wungkus ing mustaka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yogyakarta.kompas.com/read/2022/01/15/230500478/sejarah-blangkon-serta-bedanya-antara-yogyakarta-dan-solo?page=all|title=Sujarah Blangkon Sarta Bèntenipun Antara Ngayogyakarta kalihan Surakarta (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Daniswari|first=Dini|date=2022-01-15|website=Kompas.com|access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> Sujarahipun dipun wiwiti rikala [[Kasultanan Mataram]] kapérang dados kalih perangan inggih punika [[Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta]] lan [[Kasunanan Surakarta]]. Ing taun 1755 ing [[Jatisari]], kekalihipun inggih [[Sultan Hamengkubuwana I]] lan [[Sunan Pakubuwana III]], ingkang paman sarta kaponakan, damel pasarujukan kanggé ngrembakakaké budaya ingkang anggadhahi ciri piyambak minangka tenger miyos saking kalih keraton ingkang bènten. Ngayogyakarta bakal nuruti cengkorongan miterat tradhisi Mataram déné Surakarta bakal mbentuk ciri énggal ingkang taksih adhedhasar [[kabudayan]] lami. Pramila bèntenipun boten naming wujud blangkon lan cara rasukanipun, nanging ugi wonten ing limban [[bathik]], [[Ringgit purwa|ringggit]], kalihan [[beksan]].<ref name=":0" /> == Sekawan Téyori Mila Bikanipun Blangkon == Paling boten wontensekawan cariyos bab asal-usul blangkon, kalebet sinten ingkang sepisanan ingkang damel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/jateng/read/5012265/4-teori-asal-usul-blangkon-penutup-kepala-pria-khas-jawa|title=4 Téyori Asal-Usul Blangkon Tutup Mustaka Kas Jawi (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Tifani|date=2022-07-13|website=Liputan 6|access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> 1. Aji Saka Cariyos kang kapisan nyebutaken paraga [[Aji Saka]], panguwasa [[Tanah Jawa|Tanah Jawi]], ingkang naté damel blangkon puniki. Miterat ing legendha Aji Saka kasil ngawonaken [[Prabu Dewata Cengkar]], panguwasa raksasa Tanah Jawi. Aji Saka ngalahaken lawanipun kanthi nggelar tutup mustaka ngantos nutupi satanah Jawi. Nanging, cariyos kasebat boten nyariyosaken kanthi cetha ukuran, wiyar, lan jinis tutup mustaka. 2. Ki Ageng Giring Dipun cariyosaken yèn sujarah wontenipun blangkon diprakarsani déning [[Ki Ageng Giring]] ingkang minangka sesepuh kulawarga Karaton Mataram. Ing jaman rumiyin para panyebar agami Islam ingkang mlebet ing Tanah Jawi gadhah rikma ingkang panjang. Tiyang-tiyang sami rikuh magas rikmanipun amargi nganggep rikma puniku peparingipun [[Hyang|Gusti]], mila panjenenganipun bakal nulak kekuwatan yèn dipun pagas. Déné ing budaya Jawi boten wonten tiyang jaler ingkang rikmanipun panjang. Pramila Ki Ageng Giring nggagas kanggé nutupi rikmanipun mawi iket. Nut lampahing jaman, iket puniki ugi gantos aran dados blangkon. 3. Sudhagar saking Gujarat Wonten ugi téyori yen pakulinan nganggé blangkon asalipun saking bauran utawi campuran budaya Hindhu kalawan Islam déning tiyang Jawi. Sudhagar Gujarat asring mbungkus mustaka kanthi kain ingkang wiyar lan panjang (sorban). 4. Baya Ékonomi Cariyos sanès yèn wiwitanipun blangkon miyos amargi baya ékonomi. Ing jaman kina, kain dados barang langka utawi awrat dipun panggihi. Pana kawontenan makaten, para pangrèh praja kraton paring dhawuh marang para seniman supados damel blangkon utawi ikat mustaka. == Jinis == Blangkon puniku kathah jinisipun ing antawisipun wonten kalih jinis blangkon ingkang cekap tinepung ing bebrayan, inggih punika [[blangkon Surakarta]] kalihan Blangkon Ngayogyakarta, bèntenipun ingkang saged katingal wonten mondholan satunggaling punuk wonten sisih wingking utawi [[geger]]. Wontenipun mondholan wonten ing blangkon punika amargi adatipun bebrayan Jawi nalika semanten anggadhahi rikma ingkang panjang, satemah mondholan wonten ing wingkingipun blangkon punika dipun ginakaken kanggé gangsuli rikma. Sanadyan sampun boten dipun anggé saben dinten, blangkon taksih asring pinanggihi ing upacara manténan adat Jawi utawi pèngetan dinten Kartini ing [[pawiyatan]]. Bèntenipun blangkon Surakarta kalihan blangkon Ngayogyakarta wonten ing mondholan ing wingking blangkon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.orami.co.id/magazine/pakaian-adat-yogyakarta|title=Rasukan Adat Ngayogyakarta (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Romadhona|first=Defara Milenia|date=2022-12-19|website=Orami Magazine|access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> Blangkon Surakarta katingal warata (trèpès), déné blangkon [https://niagatour.com/keraton-ngayogyakarta-hadiningrat/ Ngayogyakarta] anggadhahii bendholan ing wingking blangkon kados [[tigan]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nusantaratv.com/berita/jangan-tertukar-ini-bedanya-blangkon-solo-dan-yogya|title=Ampun Kelintu Bèntenipun Blangkon Sala kalihan Ngayogya (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Armansyah|first=|date=2022-09-14|website=Nusantara TV|access-date=2023-02-16|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216131329/https://www.nusantaratv.com/berita/jangan-tertukar-ini-bedanya-blangkon-solo-dan-yogya|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mondholan ing wingking ugi dipun gayutaken kalih [[filosofi]] tiyang Jawi ingkang lantip nyimpen wewadi, boten remen mbikak awonipun tiyang sanès utawi awakipun piyambak, supados tansah ngatos-atos nanging boten ateges omong-omongan, nanging minangka bukti budi pakerti luhuripun tiyang Jawi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.krjogja.com/berita-lokal/read/429144/mondolan-blangkon-jogja-dan-solo-beda-ini-penjelasannya|title=Mondholan Ngayogya lan Sala sarta Wedharan Bentènipun (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Agus|first=KR|date=2016-06-23|website=KR Jogja|access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://surakarta.go.id/?p=24578|title=Blangkon Sala Lumawan Blangkon Ngayogya, Punapa Bèntenipun? (saking Basa Indhonésia)|last=Primasasti|first=Agnia|date=2022-05-20|website=Pamaréntah Kitha Surakarta|access-date=2023-02-16|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216153419/https://surakarta.go.id/?p=24578|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rujukan == [[Kategori:Warisan budaya]] [[Kategori:WikiPusaka]] <references /> == Pranala Jaba == * [Direktorat Warisan dan Diplomasi Budaya (2014). Buku Panduan Penetapan Warisan Budaya Takbenda Indonesia Tahun 2014 (PDF). Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia.] * [Direktorat Warisan dan Diplomasi Budaya (2018). Katalog Warisan Budaya Takbenda Indonesia 2018 (PDF). Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia.] * [Direktorat Warisan dan Diplomasi Budaya (2015). Panduan Pencatatan, Penetapan, dan Pengusulan Warisan Budaya Takbenda Indonesia (PDF). Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia.] * [Mancacaritadipura, Gaura; Wirakartakusumah, Daryl Neng (2019). Warisan Budaya Takbenda dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (PDF). Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia.] rpohtru8lu2jpi3x0bbo0qfvceyad5v 0 194862 1731568 1697634 2025-07-04T00:52:32Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox park | name = Alun-Alun Banjarnegara<br>{{nobold|{{small|ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦥꦠꦫꦤ}}}} | image = Alun-Alun Banjarnegara (1).jpg | image_caption = Alun-Alun Banjarnegara dipun tingali saking ngajeng | map = | map_caption = | map_label = | type = Wisata Alam | location = Desa Kutabanjar, Kecamatan Banjarnegara, Kabupaten Banjarnegara | coordinates = | area = | owner = | operator = Pemerintah Kabupaten Banjarnegara | visitation_num = | status = Dipun bikak (sakdawane dinten) | opened = 1930 | awards = | designation = | open = | created = | facilities = * papan panggenan ingkang wiyar * toilet * papan palenggahan * parkir }} '''Alun-Alun Banjarnegara''' yaiku lapangan kutha ana ing tengah-tengahe Kabupaten Banjarnegara ingkang papan panggonane wonten ing Jalan Pemuda, Kelurahan [[Kuthabanjarnegara, Banjarnegara, Banjarnegara|Kutabanjar]], Kecamatan [[Banjarnegara, Banjarnegara|Banjarnegara]], Kabupaten [[Kabupatèn Banjarnegara|Banjarnegara]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visit.banjarnegarakab.go.id/alun-alun-banjarnegara-dan-beberapa-icon-kota-yang-istimewa/|title=Alun Alun Banjarnegara dan icon kota yang istimewa {{!}} Visit Banjarnegara|language=id|access-date=2023-09-21|archive-date=2023-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928172219/https://visit.banjarnegarakab.go.id/alun-alun-banjarnegara-dan-beberapa-icon-kota-yang-istimewa/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alun-Alun Banjarnegara papan ing puser kabupaten batesan kaliyan Kantor BRI cabang Banjarnegara lan wande bakso ing sisi kidul, Masjid An-Nur lan pinten-pinten wande alit ing sisi kulon, SMP Nageri 1 Banjarnegara lan pandhapi kabupaten ing sisi ler, saha batesan kaliyan kantor [[Sekretariat Daerah]] (Setda) ing sisi wetan. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/berita/d-6880432/jelang-hut-ri-pemkab-banjarnegara-bikin-istana-negara-di-alun-alun|title=Jelang HUT RI, Pemkab Banjarnegara Bikin 'Istana Negara' di Alun-alun|last=Hartono|first=Uje|website=detikjateng|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-09-26}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Panggenan iki dados salah suwijining panggenan ingkang dados obyek wisata ana ing [[Kabupatèn Banjarnegara|Banjarnegara]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bandung.viva.co.id/wisata/28971-5-fakta-alun-alun-banjarnegara-rekomendasi-tempat-wisata-bareng-keluarga-gratis|title=5 Fakta Alun-Alun Banjarnegara, Rekomendasi Tempat Wisata Bareng Keluarga Gratis|last=VIVA|first=PT VIVA MEDIA BARU-|date=2023-08-21|website=bandung.viva.co.id|language=id|access-date=2023-09-15}}</ref> Saben dina Minggu biasane dianakna acara ''Car Free Day'' (''CFD'') yaiku larangan nganggo tumpakan ingkang nganggo mesin ana ing sajeroning alun-alun saben dina Minggu awit enjing dumugi wekdal luhur. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ichsan|first=Nurul, dkk|date=2019|title=Penerapan Arsitektur Humanisme dalam Perancangan Pasar Kuliner di Kota Banjarnegara|journal=Jurnal SENTHONG|volume=2|pages=863 - 874}}</ref> == Fasilitas == Fasilitas ingkang wonten ing Alun-Alun Banjarnegara antawis sanes Musholla (papan ibadah), papan MCK (wingking), area [[parkir]] kendaraan ingkang wiyar, area wisata kuliner ingkang cekap jangkep, kathah papan lenggah dados papan bersantai, ngantos papan informasi bab Kabupaten Banjarnegara. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cilacap.org/alun-alun-banjarnegara-malam-hari/|title=Pesona Alun-alun Banjarnegara Malam Hari yang Sayang Dilewatkan|last=admin|date=2022-05-16|website=Cilacap.org|language=en-US|access-date=2023-09-21|archive-date=2023-12-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211183501/https://cilacap.org/alun-alun-banjarnegara-malam-hari/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kejawi puniku, Alun-Alun Banjarnegara nggadhahi lapangan ingkang cekap wiyar. Limrahipun lapangan puniki dipunangge kangge pinten-pinten macem kegiatan nggih dening pamarintah, instansi, utawi masyarakat. Pinten-pinten kegiatan ingkang limrah dipunlampahaken ing Alun-Alun Banjarnegara antawis sanes upacara dinten kamardikan Republik Indonesia utawi upacara pengetan sanesipun, [[peken]] rakyat, [[Pésta|pesta]] rakyat, konser, [[Salat id|sholat ied]], pelatihan keamanan, parade budaya lan taksih kathah kegiatan sanesipun. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesindonesia.co.id/peristiwa-daerah/470222/jelang-pemilu-2024-ada-keributan-di-alun--alun-banjarnegara|title=Jelang Pemilu 2024, Ada "Keributan" di Alun - Alun Banjarnegara - TIMES Indonesia|last=Hamidi|first=Muchlas|website=timesindonesia.co.id|language=id|access-date=2023-09-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wonosobozone.com/berita/4679922150/jangan-sampai-terlewatkan-akan-ada-gelar-parade-budaya-di-alun-alun-banjarnegara-intip-disini-tanggalnya|title=Jangan Sampai Terlewatkan! Akan Ada Gelar Parade Budaya di Alun Alun Banjarnegara, Intip Disini Tanggalnya!|last=Ari Wibowo|first=Fajar|date=2023-08-24|work=Wonosobozone|access-date=2023-09-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://serayunews.com/alun-alun-banjarnegara-dipakai-untuk-dua-kali-salat-idul-fitri-ini-jadwal-dan-khotibnya|title=Alun-Alun Banjarnegara Dipakai untuk Dua Kali Salat Idulfitri, Ini Jadwal dan Khotibnya|last=Asadillah|first=Maula|date=2023-04-20|work=Serayunews|access-date=2023-09-26}}</ref> == Kelewihan == Dados salah suwijining obyek wisata, Alun-alun Banjarnegara anduweni kelewihan-kelewihan, inggih punika biaya melbu gratis alias boten disuwun biaya melbu, bukak 24 jam, ana [[reca]] ikonik [[Dhawet ayu|Dawet Ayu]] Banjarnegara, fasilitas lengkap, panggonane kepenak tur sejuk.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bandung.viva.co.id/wisata/28971-5-fakta-alun-alun-banjarnegara-rekomendasi-tempat-wisata-bareng-keluarga-gratis|title=5 Fakta Alun-Alun Banjarnegara, Rekomendasi Tempat Wisata Bareng Keluarga Gratis|last=VIVA|first=PT VIVA MEDIA BARU-|date=2023-08-21|website=bandung.viva.co.id|language=id|access-date=2023-09-15}}</ref> == Reca Dhawet Ayu == [[Barkas:Alun-alun di Banjarnegara.png|jmpl|Alun-Alun Banjarnegara sakderenge dipun renovasi]] [[Reca]] [[Dhawet ayu|Dhawet Ayu]] Banjarnegara ana ing bagian ngarep alun-alun dadi [[maskot]] Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Reca dawet kang dumadi saka gerobak dawet lan wong loro sing dodolan Dhawet Ayu. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fatmafitri|first=Duwi, dkk|date=Desember 2021|title=Dawet Ayu sebagai Icon Banjarnegara|url=http://journals.usm.ac.id/index.php/jdsb|journal=Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Budaya|volume=23|pages=2580-8524}}</ref> Wonten ing gerobak wayang [[Semar]] lan [[Garèng]]. Kejawi patung [[Dhawet]] Ayu Banjarnegara, pinten-pinten penjaja dhawet ugi gampil dipunpanggihi ing alun-alun. [[Dhawet]] Ayu Banjarnegara mboten ubahipun [[es cendol]]. Wedang tradisional puniki gadhah isi buliran ingkang didamel saking [[glepung]] [[wos]] ingkang dipunsukani pewarna ijem saking ron [[pandan]], banjur dipuncampur kaliyan toya [[santen]] lan [[gendhis aren]] utawi [[gendhis klapa]] ingkang sampun dipun cairaken. Kejawi puniku limrahipun ugi dipuntambahaken cita raos mambet pandan, [[nangka]] utawi [[Durèn|duren]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2011/08/27/04252940/mudiknya.dawet.ayu.banjarnegara|title=Mudiknya Dawet Ayu Banjarnegara Halaman all|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|date=2011-08-26|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-08}}</ref> [[Dhawet]] Ayu Banjarnegara piyambak inggih punika wedang kas saking Banjarnegara. Asal usul Dawet Ayu Banjarnegara dados terkenal wiwitan saking sekar ingkang dipundamel [[seniman]] Banjarnegara naminipun Bono ingkang nggadahi sesirah ”Dawet Ayu Banjarnegara”. Wonten ing warsa 1980 an sekar puniki dipopulerkan malih dening grup seni [[calung]] lan lawak [[Kutha Banyumas|Banyumas]] Peang Penjol ingkang terkenal ing Karesidenan Banyumas wonten ing era 1970-1980 an.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fatmafitri dan rencang-rencang|first=Duwi|date=2021-12-01|title=Dawet Ayu sebagai Icon Kota Banjarnegara|journal=Dinamika Sosial Budaya|volume=23|pages=333-337}}</ref> == Rujukan == <references /> {{commons category|Alun-Alun Banjarnegara}} [[Kategori:Papan wisata ing Jawa Tengah]] [[Kategori:WikiPlesir]] gby2mbditkhq9wduaq953ue8malico6 0 194888 1731544 1721940 2025-07-03T16:09:08Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox park | name = Wit ngantèn<br>{{nobold|{{small|ꦮꦶꦠ꧀ꦔꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦤ꧀}}}} | image = Pohon Pengantin Salatiga.jpg | image_caption = | map = | map_caption = | map_label = | type = Papan wisata alam | location = Dalan Siranda Raya, Désa Bancaan, Kalurahan Pulutan, Kacamatan Sidareja, Kutha Salatiga, Propinsi Jawa Tengah | coordinates = {{coord|-7.312237|110.488045}} | area = | owner = | operator = Papréntahan Désa Bancaan | visitation_num = | status = Dibukak (saben dina) | opened = 2019 (wiwitan kondhang) | awards = | designation = | open = | created = }} '''Wit ngantèn''' ([[Aksara Carakan|Carakan]]: ꦮꦶꦠ꧀ꦔꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦤ꧀; [[basa Indhonésia]]: ''Pohon pengantin'') ya iku wit ijèn ing tengah [[sawah]] kang ana ing Dalan Siranda Raya, Désa Bancaan, [[Pulutan, Sidareja, Salatiga|Kalurahan Pulutan, Kacamatan Sidareja, Kutha Salatiga]], [[Jawa Tengah|Propinsi Jawa Tengah]]. Wit iki kondhang ing [[Kutha Salatiga]] amarga asring ditekani déning para mudha lan juru poto, malah uga calon ngantèn kang nindakaké acara poto ''pre-wedding''. Paling ora nganti taun 2020, kahanan wit kasebut isih cukup apik. == Kahanan == Wit iki ana ing cedhak SMP Al-Azhar 18 Salatiga, prenahé ing Dalan Siranda Raya, Désa Bancaan, Kalurahan Pulutan, Kacamatan Sidareja, Kutha Salatiga.<ref name=":342">{{Cite web|url=http://indonesiakeren.id/ada-sebuah-pohon-yang-unik-di-salatiga-namanya-adalah-pohon-pengantin/|title=Ada Sebuah Pohon yang Unik di Salatiga Namanya Adalah Pohon Pengantin|last=Redaksi Indonesia Keren|first=|date=|website=Indonesia Keren|language=id|access-date=19 April 2020}}{{Pranala mati|date=Mei 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pulutan.salatiga.go.id/download/|title=Pohon Pengantin Pulutan|last=Pemerintah Kelurahan Pulutan|website=Pemerintah Kota Salatiga Kantor Kelurahan Pulutan|language=id|access-date=21 Januari 2022|archive-date=2022-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121033753/https://pulutan.salatiga.go.id/download/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dalan menyang wit kasebut wis bisa didelok lumantar perabot ''[[Google Maps]]'' lan bisa ditekani kanthi nganggo tunggangan rodha papat utawa loro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-4452105/kisah-pohon-pengantin-di-salatiga|title=Kisah Pohon Pengantin di Salatiga|last=Kusuma|first=Aji|work=[[Detik.com]]|access-date=21 Januari 2022|language=id|archive-date=2023-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920082326/https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-4452105/kisah-pohon-pengantin-di-salatiga|url-status=dead}}</ref> Galengan sawah tumuju wit iki saiki wis diowahi dadi dalan beton kang dawané 50 meter saka dalan gedhé lan digawé [[kreteg]] kang dawané 70 mèter lan ambané 150 sèntimèter. Lurah Pulutan, Chomsatun, mratélakaké yèn bab kasebut minangka pamrayoga saka warga liwat kadang tumaruna kang nganggo ardana désa kurang luwih Rp 150.000.000,00.<ref name=":223">{{Cite news|url=https://radarsemarang.jawapos.com/berita/jateng/salatiga/2021/10/07/akses-ke-pohon-pengantin-salatiga-dipoles/|title=Akses ke Pohon Pengantin Salatiga Dipoles|last=Sasongko|first=Dhinar|work=[[Jawa Pos]]|access-date=21 Januari 2022|language=id}}</ref> Akèh-akèhé bebrayan kang teka mréné kepéngin moto kanthi latar swasana surup lan sawah kang ijo.<ref name=":223" /> Miturut bebrayan sakiwa-tengené, uga ana calon ngantèn kang nindakaké acara poto ''pre-wedding'' ing papan kasebut.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://travelingyuk.com/pohon-pengantin-salatiga/12748|title=Kisah Pohon Pengantin di Salatiga yang Tumbuh Sebatang Kara|last=Redaksi Traveling Yuk|first=|date=|website=Traveling Yuk|language=id|access-date=8 Maret 2020|archive-date=2023-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002160434/https://travelingyuk.com/pohon-pengantin-salatiga/12748/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wondéné iku, ora ana kang bisa ngerti wiwitan tuwuhé wit iki. Puryanti, salah siji warga Desa Pulutan, njlèntrèhaké yèn dhisik ing papan iku ana wit loro, nanging sing siji wis suwé ditegor. Wit kasebut tuwuh kanthi pang kang ménggok-ménggok kayata [[Bonsai|bonsé]] lan katon thengukan alami.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Sholikhawan|first=Fajri Digit|date=|title=4 Destinasi Instagramable di Salatiga-Ambarawa, Ada Benteng Pendem hingga Pohon Pengantin|url=https://video.tribunnews.com/view/76508/4-destinasi-instagramable-di-salatiga-ambarawa-ada-benteng-pendem-hingga-pohon-pengantin|work=[[Tribunnews|Tribunnews.com]]|language=id|access-date=8 Maret 2020}}</ref> Yèn dideleng saka jinisé, wit kasebut kalebu kulawarga [[Waringin|bringin]]. Wujudé pancèn kayata bonsé, nanging ukurané luwih gedhé.<ref name=":342" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=https://lifestyle.okezone.com/read/2017/08/23/406/1761274/share-loc-berburu-foto-mitos-pohon-pengantin-salatiga-spot-indah-para-juru-kamera|title=Share Loc: Berburu Foto Mitos Pohon Pengantin Salatiga, Spot Indah Para Juru Kamera|last=Riyani|first=Utami Evi|date=|work=[[Okezone.com]]|access-date=8 Maret 2020|language=id}}</ref> Senajan diarani wit ngantèn, wit kasebut tuwuh ijèn ing tengah sawah lan adoh saka wit-witan liyané.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Prayitno|first=Gigih|date=|title=Pohon Pengantin, Pohon Cantik yang Menjadi Simbol Cinta Abadi di Salatiga, Jawa Tengah|url=https://travel.tribunnews.com/2019/02/28/pohon-pengantin-pohon-cantik-yang-menjadi-simbol-cinta-abadi-di-salatiga-jawa-tengah|work=[[Tribunnews|Tribunnews.com]]|access-date=8 Maret 2020|language=id}}</ref> Saliyané dadi papan kanggo njupuk wimban, uga ana gugon tuhon saka wit iki. Miturut masarakat saubengané, wit kasebut minangka salah siji tetenger katresnan.<ref name=":0" /> Dicritakaké yèn ana kang dolan mréné karo pasangané, sesambungané bakal langgeng.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> Nanging, uga ana kang ngandharaké yèn wit kuwi diarani wit ngantèn amarga mapan ing tengah sawah lan asring didadekaké papan poto ''pre-wedding''.<ref name=":342" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id/2020/08/03/pohon-pengantin-salatiga-pohon-kesepian-penyatu-dua-insan|title=Pohon Pengantin Salatiga, Pohon Kesepian Penyatu Dua Insan|last=Indrajaya|first=Dimas Wahyu|website=Good News from Indonesia|language=id|access-date=21 Januari 2022}}</ref> == Uga delengen == * [[Alun-Alun Pancasila Salatiga]] * [[Selasar Kartini]] * [[Taman Kutha Salatiga]] * [[Taman Tingkir Salatiga]] == Rujukan == {{reflist|1}} == Pranala jaba == {{commons category|Wit ngantèn}} * [https://m.viva.co.id/blog/wisata/742338-kisah-pohon-pengantin-di-salatiga-yang-tumbuh-sebatang-kara Wit Ngantèn ing Salatiga kang Tuwuh Ijèn]. [[Kategori:Papan wisata ing Jawa Tengah]] [[Kategori:WikiPlesir]] 15z0lvloyb6qkmloi4afeczeifplxvp 0 194900 1731569 1639352 2025-07-04T00:54:39Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731569 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Alun-Alun Sragen.jpg|jmpl|Alun-Alun Sragèn.|al=|280x280px]] Saben laladan nduweni ikon kebanggaan piyambak-piyambak. ana kang arupa tugu, monumen, utawane alun-alun. alun-alun sragen ditepang dadi ikon saka Kabupaten Sragen. Alun-alun iki ana ing ratan utama, saengga masarakat sawatara gampang kanggo mengaksese. Tilik menyang Alun-Alun Sragen bisa dadi solusi kang pener kanggo kowe, menawa kedher pengin ngentekake wayah ing endi. Ana pira-pira bab menarik kang bisa kowe temokake ing Alun-Alun Sragen lan bisa ngrewangi kowe kanggo nguculake penat sadhela.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/wisata/d-6926690/wisata-di-alun-alun-sragen-daya-tarik-dan-harga-tiket-masuknya#:~:text=Dilansir%20melalui%20laman%20resmi%20Kabupaten,diberi%20nama%20%22Lapangan%20Sukowati%22.|title=Wisata di Alun-alun Sragen: Daya Tarik dan Harga Tiket Masuknya|last=Krisnawati|first=Rindang|date=2023-09-12|website=detik|access-date=2023-09-17}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ing wiwitane Alun-Alun Sragen yaiku siji lapangan tenis karo stastus lahan duwene PT. KAI kang diwenehi jeneng “lapangan sukowati”, amarga papan ing tepi ratan sukowati kang nota bene dalan arteri primer kang nggandengake solo karo surabaya. wataraning taun 70an tepate ing pamarentahan bupati sayid abbas (1975-1980). Lapangan kasebut diowah dadi Alun-Alun Kabupaten Sragen lan diwenehi jeneng alun-alun “Sasana Langen Putro”, kang nduweni teges “tempat kegemaran anak” ing basa krama jawa. Biyene dadi papan tenis 70an -80an (taman langen putro duwene PJ KAI), trus digantos dadi Alun-Alun Sragen ing wektu kepemimpinan Bupati Sri Nardi, ing taun 80an. Alun-Alun Sragen nduweni loro ciri kas kang mbedakake karo alun-alun liyane, yaiku: 1.     Banyu mancur ing alun-alun sragen, ana rong woh banyu mancur kang nduweni ukuran cukup gedhe. banyu mancur kasebut dumunung ing ngareping lawang mlebu. Desain saka banyu mancure cukup menarik saengga nampilake kesan kang seje saka banyu mancur ing racake. 2.     Yasan gading gajah ciri kas liyane saka Alun-Alun Sragen yaiku anane yasan kang digawe kaya wangun gading gajah. Gading gajah iki papan ing sisih tengen lan sisih kiwa seratan Sragen. dhewe-dhewe sisih nduweni 5 woh gading gajah. Penempatan saka gading gajah iki digawe berderet. Alun-Alun Sragen duweni : 1.     Fasilitas umum Alun-Alun Sragen nyedyakake pira-pira fasilitas umum kaya mushola, kulah, lan area parkir kang cukup jembar. 2.     ''Spot foto instagramable'' kaya alun-alun ing racake, Alun-Alun Sragen uga nyedyakake ''spot'' foto kang ''instagramable''. Yasan karo wangun gading gajah bisa kowe dadekake latar wuri foto kang menarik. Utawa kowe bisa migunakake wit-witan lan tanduran ing kana kanggo dadi latar wuri foto kang ora kalah menarike. 3.     Area bersantai Alun-Alun Sragen nyedyakake pira-pira area bersantai. Ana pirang-pirang papan lungguh kang sengaja disedyakake kanggo bersantai. menawa kentengan papan lungguh, kowe ora prelu kuwatir, amarga lokasi ing sawatara yasan gading gajah uga bisa digunakake kanggo bersantai. 4.     Wong adol panganan lan wedhang ing Alun-Alun Sragen ora mangkono akeh ing abendina. nanging, ing Setu Minggu wong adol panganan lan wedhang bisa kowe temokake ing sawatara kana. Menawa kowe pengin sekalian kanggo ngupadi oleh-oleh, ing sawatara lokasi alun-alun uga ana toko kang menjual oleh-oleh kas Sragen. Salah sijine oleh-oleh kang bisa dituku yaiku walangan, keripik tempe, saci lan emping. 5.     Area resik Alun-Alun Sragen uga didominasi dening akeh wit-witan lan tetuwuhan kang nggawe area sawatara duwe kesan asri. Kanggo njaga kebersihan alun-alun tetep melek, ana petugas mligi kang tugas kanggo ngresiki alun-alun kanthi berkala. Nanging, aja lali, njaga kebersihan uga dadi jejibahaning awake dhewe dadi tamu. Pramila, menawa ora nemu panggonaning uwuh, dijaluki kanggo ora mbuwange sembrana. Kowe bisa ngumpulake luwih-luwih dhisik, banjur dibuwang menyang panggonaning uwuh liya. Rega tiket lan jam operasional Alun-Alun Sragen yaiku papan umum, saengga ora dikenakake ragad mlebu wektu ngunjungi alun-alun iki. Nanging, ana pira-pira fasilitas kang dikenakake ragad, kaya migunakake toilet umum lan papan parkir. Ing ngisor iki rincian ragade : 1.     Rega tiket: gratis. 2.     Ragad parkir: rodha loro seharga rp 2.000, rodha papat seharga rp 5.000. 3.     Jam operasional: buka 24 jam. == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Papan wisata ing Jawa Tengah]] [[Kategori:WikiPlesir]] kdxoagbwaqr5p9gqmd6rrgrqjghk2xq 0 195090 1731560 1704154 2025-07-03T23:33:08Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox park | name = Argowisata Kaligua<br>{{nobold|{{small|ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦥꦠꦫꦤ}}}} | image = Pasanggrahan di Perkebunan Teh Kaligua, Paguyangan.jpg | image_caption = Pasanggrahan wonten Perkebunan Teh Kaligua, Paguyangan zaman rumiyin | map = | map_caption = | map_label = | type = Wisata Alam | location = Brebes - Banyumas | coordinates = | area = | owner = PT Perkebunan Nusantara IX (Persero) Jawa Tengah | operator = | visitation_num = | status = Dipun bikak (sakdawane dinten) | opened = 1930 | awards = | designation = | open = | created = | facilities = * papan panggenan ingkang wiyar * toilet * papan palenggahan * parkir }} '''Agrowisata Kaligua''' inggih punika kawasan agrowisata dataran inggil ingkang dumunung wonten ing antaranipun [[Pandansari, Paguyangan, Brebes|Désa Pandansari]], [[Paguyangan, Brebes|Kacamatan Paguyangan]], [[Kabupatèn Brebes]], wonten ing sisih lor lan [[Kacamatan]] [[Pekuncèn, Banyumas|Pekuncen]], [[Kabupatèn Banyumas]], [[Jawa Tengah]] wonten ing sisih kidul.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Wisata+Agro+Kaligua/@-7.2840304,109.1023842,16z/data=!4m7!3m6!1s0x2e6f892a0dd7d6c3:0x973f2395973c3898!8m2!3d-7.2840304!4d109.1113964!15sChJBcmdvd2lzYXRhIGthbGlndWFaFCISYXJnb3dpc2F0YSBrYWxpZ3VhkgESdG91cmlzdF9hdHRyYWN0aW9umgEjQ2haRFNVaE5NRzluUzBWSlEwRm5TVVJYYm5STGJFbEJFQUXgAQA!16s%2Fg%2F120hnnx6?hl=id&entry=tts|title=Wisata Agro Kaligua · Jl. Kaligua, Sawah,Ladang, Kretek, Kec. Paguyangan, Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah 52276, Indonesia|website=Wisata Agro Kaligua · Jl. Kaligua, Sawah,Ladang, Kretek, Kec. Paguyangan, Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah 52276, Indonesia|language=id-US|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Tegese ing wilayah Brebes kidul ingkang wewatesan kaliyan Banyumas, Agrowisata Kaligua langkung caket lan gampil dipunakses saking Kutha [[Kutha Purwakerta|Purwokerto]], tinimbang Kutha [[Kabupatèn Brebes|Brebes]] utawa Kutha [[Kutha Tegal|Tegal]] . Agrowisata Kaligua dipunkelola dening PT Perkebunan Nusantara IX (Persero) Jawa Tengah lan minangka bisnis ingkang dipunversifikasi kagem ningkatake optimalisasi aset perusahaan kanthi daya dukung potensi alam ingkang endah.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://regional.kompas.com/read/2023/06/14/233431678/agrowisata-kaligua-di-brebes-daya-tarik-jam-buka-dan-rute|title=Agrowisata Kaligua di Brebes: Daya Tarik, Jam Buka, dan Rute Halaman all|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|date=2023-06-14|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visitjawatengah.jatengprov.go.id/id/destinasi-wisata/agrowisata-kaligua|title=Pariwisata Provinsi Jawa Tengah {{!}} Destinasi Wisata {{!}} AGROWISATA KALIGUA|last=digsa.id|website=visitjawatengah.jatengprov.go.id|language=en|access-date=2023-10-13}}{{Pranala mati|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Asil pangolahan perkebunan [[Tèh|teh]] Kaligua minangka produk hilir [[Tèh ireng|teh ireng]] ''kanthi'' merek "Kaligua" ing kantong teh lan kemasan bubuk. Wisatawan ingkang ngunjungi saged ngunjuk teh ireng Kaligua anget wonten ing papan panggonan kasebut utawa tumbas kagem dipun ndamel mulih minangka oleh-oleh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dinbudpar.brebeskab.go.id/tour/agrowisata-kaligua/|title=Agrowisata Kaligua|website=Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kabupaten Brebes|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-10-13|archive-date=2023-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714100557/http://dinbudpar.brebeskab.go.id/tour/agrowisata-kaligua/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Panggonan == Agrowisata Kaligua dumunung watara 10 kilometer saking kutha Kacamatan [[Paguyangan, Brebes|Paguyangan]], watara 15 kilometer saking [[Bumiayu, Brebes|Bumiayu]] lan watara 27 kilometer saking kutha [[Kutha Purwakerta|Purwokerto]] . Agrowisata puniki wonten ing kalih wilayah, inggih punika [[Kabupatèn Brebes|Kabupaten Brebes]] lan [[Kabupatèn Banyumas|Kabupaten Banyumas]]. Transportasi menyang lokasi kasebut saged dipuntempuh liwat jalur Pantura liwat [[Kabupatèn Brebes|Brebes]] utawa [[Kutha Tegal|Tegal]] -Bumiayu-Kaligua, [[Kutha Cirebon|Cirebon]] -Bumiayu-Kaligua, lan jalur kidul liwat [[Kutha Purwakerta|Purwokerto]] -Paguyangan-Kaligua. Rutenipun liwat margi ageng Tegal-Purwokerto, pas pertigaan Kaligua, Kretek. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-4356617/perkebunan-teh-kaligua-si-cantik-peninggalan-belanda|title=Perkebunan Teh Kaligua, Si Cantik Peninggalan Belanda|last=Suripto|first=Imam|website=detikTravel|language=id|access-date=2023-10-13}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>Margi antarane Paguyangan-Kaligua mbelok-belok munggah mudhun. <ref>Travel Detik: [http://travel.detik.com/read/2011/09/15/184839/1723559/1032/kebun-teh-kaligua ''Kebun teh Kaligua'',] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305031710/http://travel.detik.com/read/2011/09/15/184839/1723559/1032/kebun-teh-kaligua |date=2016-03-05 }} diakses 16 Feb 2015</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Geografis == [[Barkas:Pabrk_Teh_Kaligua.jpg|jmpl|280x280px| Pabrik Teh Kaligua, Brebes, Jawa Tengah.]] Perkebunan teh Kaligua dumunung wonten ing nginggil 1.200 - 2.050 meter saking permukaan laut. Kahanan hawa adhem sanget, antara 8-22&nbsp;°C ing mangsa jawah lan dumugi 4-12&nbsp;°C ing mangsa kemarau.<ref name=":0" /> Tlatah perkebunan teh puniki meh tansah ketutupan pedhut ingkang kandel. Perkebunan puniki dumunung wonten ing lereng kulon [[Gunung Slamet]] (3.432 meter saking permukaan laut), inggih punika gunung paling inggil nomer kalih ing Pulo Jawa sawisé [[Gunung Semèru|Gunung Semeru]]. Keindahan salah sawijining puncak Gunung Slamet inggih punika puncak Sakub ingkang saged dipunnikmati saking perkebunan teh Kaligua. Saking papan menika menawi hawanipun bening ugi saged dipuntingali kaendahanipun [[Gunung Ceremai]], tlatah [[Kutha Tegal|Tegal]] lan [[Kabupatèn Cilacap|Cilacap]] . <ref>Potensi Jateng: [http://potensijateng.com/newface/pesona-agrowisata-kaligua-di-lereng-g-slamet/ ''Pesona agrowisata Kaligua ...'',] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120235831/https://www.potensijateng.com/newface/pesona-agrowisata-kaligua-di-lereng-g-slamet/ |date=2022-01-20 }} diakses 16 Feb 2015]</ref> == Sajarah == [[Barkas:Pasanggrahan_di_Perkebunan_Teh_Kaligua,_Paguyangan.jpg|jmpl|280x280px| Pasanggrahan ing Kebun Teh Kaligua, Paguyangan]] Kebon tèh Kaligua minangka warisan pamaréntah kolonial [[Walanda|Hindia Walandi]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/5236942/tak-hanya-ngeteh-agrowisata-kaligua-juga-miliki-sisi-menarik-lain|title=Tak Hanya Ngeteh, Agrowisata Kaligua Juga Miliki Sisi Menarik Lain|last=Liputan6.com|date=2023-03-20|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Miturut buku Handboek voor Cultuur en Handelsondernemingen ing Nederlandsche Indië (JH De Bussy). Nyathet papat Konsesi utawa Leasing, yaiku G. Goring, De Jong, H. Kok lan EGT Gerlach, tanggal Oktober 1882, miturut Hak Konsesi kasebut, wonten ing warsa 1889 wiwit nandur tanduran Kuno, banjur nandur teh wonten ing warsa 1895/1896. Wonten ing warsa 1896 De Jong dipunangkat dados administrator, kanthi jeneng perusahaan [[John Peet & Co]] (kantor ing Kali Besar Barat wonten ing Batavia, saniki Jakarta) makili [[N.V. Culture Onderneming|NV Culture Onderneming]] . Minangka pakurmatan, makam De Jong dumugi saniki tesih dipunjaga wonten ing papan Kebon Kaligua. Dipuncritakake, nalika mbangun pabrik kasebut, para buruh nggawa ketel uap saking Paguyangan menyang Kaligua sajrone 20 dina. Piranti kasebut dipunbekto dening klompok buruh ingkang mlampah munggah ing 17&nbsp;kilometer. Sajrone proses transportasi, para buruh nalika istirahat sami dipunhibur dening kesenian [[ronggeng Banyumas]] . Dumugi saniki saben mengeti pengetan pabrik Kaligua, tanggal 1 Juni kesenian tradisional puniki tansah dipunpamerake.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nativeindonesia.com/agrowisata-kaligua/|title=Agrowisata Kaligua, Wisata Lengkap Kebun Teh Di Brebes - NativeIndonesia.com|date=2022-08-15|website=www.nativeindonesia.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> == Fasilitas == [[Barkas:Danau_Telaga_Ranjeng.png|jmpl|280x280px| Pemandangan telaga ing Telaga Ranjeng]] Wilayah Agrowisata Kaligua nyedhiyakake kathah pilihan kagem pariwisata. Kajawi saking kebon teh, wonten sawetara papan wisata ingkang menarik ing sekitar Kaligua. Contonipun, [[Gua Jepang|Guwa Jepang]], [[Tuk Benih]], [[Gua Angin|Guwa Angin]], lan kuburan tiyang ingkang ngadekake kebon, inggih punika Van De Jong. Sawetara vila ingkang wonten ing perkebunan saaged dipungunakake dening pengunjung ingkang pengin nginep. Kagem nglayani wisatawan, perkebunan kasebut nyedhiyakake fasilitas ''homestay'' (penginapan) ingkang cekap sae. Kejawi puniku uga wonten gedhong pertemuan, area ''[[outbond]]'', camping, lapangan olahraga (kados tenis, sepakbola, voli lan biliar), jaring laba-laba, tempat siram toya anget, wande kopi, puskesmas, sarana sholat, lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ptpnix.co.id/wisata-agro-3/kaligua/|title=PTPN9 » Kaligua|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Kajawi puniku, pengunjung saged milih saking sawetara paket wisata ingkang dipunsedhiyakake. == Nyokong == [[Barkas:Dermaga_Danau_Telaga_Ranjeng.png|jmpl|280x280px| Kulawarga ing dermaga ing pinggir tlaga Telaga Ranjeng]] Boten tebih saking papan panggonan puniki, ing sekitar Pandansari, wonten papan wisata ingkang relatif langka, inggih punika tlaga ingkang dipunenggoni jutaan [[Lélé|lele]] jinak (Telaga Ranjeng ). Panggonanipun tlaga wonten ing tengah alas ingkang dipunlindhungi. == Paket wisata == * Pariwisata pendidikan/ilmiah; perkebunan teh, budidaya, persiapan wiji, pangopènan, panen, pangolahan pabrik, produk siap-dipundamel. Umume para siswa lan mahasiswa asring ngunjungi pabrik kagem ningali secara langsung budidaya teh lan proses pangolahan teh. * Wisata Rekreasi Keluarga (Family gathering) dipun0lengkapi papan dolanan bocah, kolam renang banyu anget kanggo bocah-bocah. Umume ing dina libur nasional lan dina Minggu akeh sing padha dolan menyang kebon teh lan sendhang Ranjeng. * Wisata sejarah/budaya. * Wisata Petualangan ; game & outbound uga bisa dadi titik wiwitan kanggo munggah gunung Slamet. Saben musim liburan sekolah, akeh siswa sing nganakake kemah lan kegiatan outbound. Kajaba iku, karyawan perusahaan swasta ing wilayah Brebes, Tegal, Cirebon lan Purwokerto uga nganakake ''rapat perusahaan'' . Perusahaan swasta gedhe saka Jakarta uga wis nganakake rapat ing kebon Kaligua. * Pariwisata bisnis ; MICE (Rapat, konferensi, insentif, pameran) * Tur taman (stroberi, kubis, kentang, tanduran hias) * Pariwisata olahraga (tenis, bal-balan, voli, biliar) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/5236942/tak-hanya-ngeteh-agrowisata-kaligua-juga-miliki-sisi-menarik-lain|title=Tak Hanya Ngeteh, Agrowisata Kaligua Juga Miliki Sisi Menarik Lain|last=Liputan6.com|date=2023-03-20|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> == Deloken sisan == * [[Kabupatèn Tegal|Kabupaten Tegal]] * [[Kabupatèn Brebes|Brebes Kab]] * [[Kabupatèn Banyumas|Kabupaten Banyumas]] == Referensi == {{Reflist|2}} [[Kategori:Papan wisata ing Jawa Tengah]] [[Kategori:WikiPlesir]] evpwp4bcrblrpwjs2pukqh8ybos0435 0 195092 1731565 1729228 2025-07-04T00:07:51Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731565 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alas De Djawatan''' yaiku papan wisata alas trembesi (''Samanea saman'') kang mapan ing Désa Benculuk, Kacamatan Cluring, Kabupatèn Banyuwangi, Jawa Wétan. Alas iki sempet kondhang jalaran bentuké kang mirip karo Alas Fangorn kang kaya ing pilem ''Lord of The Rings'', kanthi kanopi wit epifit kang gedhé, ketel, tur hawané kang wingit''.''<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.selingkarwilis.com/travel/8509896511/mistis-bak-hutan-fangorn-de-djawatan-banyuwangi-penuh-magis-tapi-ramai-dikujungi-orang-setiap-hari?page=2|title=Mistis Bak Hutan Fangorn, De Djawatan Banyuwangi Penuh Magis Tapi Ramai Dikujungi Orang Setiap Hari|last=Jr|first=Toto|date=2023-08-22|website=Selingkar Wilis|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Alas iki ambané nganti 9,6 héktar, kang ditanduri wit trembesi ana 7,8 héktar lan cacahé ana 117, kang gedhé banget ana 80 wit, umurané nganti 100-200 taunan, déné dhuwuré nganti tumeka 25-30 mèter''.''<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://lovelybanyuwangi.com/djawatan-banyuwangi-hutan-trembesi-de-djawatan/|title=Hutan Trembesi De Djawatan|last=Rizqy|first=Nanda Khoirur|date=2023-10-13|website=Lovely Banyuwangi|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Rata-rata wit-witan iku duwèni ubengan kang dawané ana 400-500 sèntimèter lan diamèter 1,5-2 mèter.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://tugujatim.id/wisata-hutan-de-djawatan-hutan-magis-di-banyuwangi/|title=Wisata Hutan De Djawatan, Destinasi Magis di Banyuwangi Dijuluki Hutan Lord of The Rings|last=Fasya Falik|first=Zidni Zidan|date=2023-08-16|website=Tugu Jatim|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Saliyané trembesi uga ana végétasi-végétasi tanduran liyané kayata jati, wresah, jamur, santinèt, salak, lan klèngkèng.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bobobox.com/blog/wisata-alam-ke-djawatan-perhutani-benculuk-banyuwangi/|title=Wisata Alam ke Djawatan Perhutani Benculuk, Banyuwangi|date=2019-12-11|website=Bobobox}}</ref> Alas iki minangka alas lindhung kang ditindakaké déning Perhutani (Perusahaan Hutan Negara Indonesia) KPH Banyuwangi Selatan lan Dinas Pariwisata Kabupatèn Banyuwangi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.perhutani.co.id/de-djawatan-daya-tarik-harga-tiket-jam-buka-dan-rute/|title=De Djawatan: Daya Tarik, Harga Tiket, Jam Buka, dan Rute|last=2022-06-22|website=Perum Perhutani|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.exploreijen.com/2021/05/hutan-de-djawatan-benculuk.html|title=De Djawatan Benculuk, Hutan Magis Ala Fangorn Forest di Banyuwangi|date=2021-05|website=Explore Ijen|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sulutdaily.com/de-djawatan-banyuwangi-mirip-hutan-lord-of-the-rings-kini-jadi-tujuan-wisata-favorit/|title=De Djawatan Banyuwangi Mirip Hutan ‘Lord of The Rings’ Kini Jadi Tujuan Wisata Favorit|date=2019-10-06|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Alas De Djawatan mapan ing Banyuwangi kidul lan ing dalan provinsi Jawa Wétan agawé papan wisata iki lumayan kepénak aksèsé, jalaran uga ana sapirang-pirang papan wisata liyané kang uga mapan ing sacedhaké kayata, Pasisir Pulo Abang, Pasisir Wedi Ireng, Pasisir Teluk Ijo, Pasisir Sukamadé, lan Taman Nasional Meru Betiri.<ref name=":4" /> == Sajarah == === Étimologi === Alas iki binukak kanggo umum lan pariwisata ana ing taun 2018. Alas kang ing ngisor pangawasan saka Perhutani iki kajenengaké De Djawatan jalaran kanggo pangéling-éling lan kenangan manawa papan iki salah sawiji papan kajayaning Perhutani, ing jaman biyèn jeneng saka Perhutani iku Djawatan Kehutanan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perhutani.co.id/de-djawatan-daya-tarik-harga-tiket-jam-buka-dan-rute/|title=De Djawatan: Daya Tarik, Harga Tiket, Jam Buka, dan Rute|date=2022-06-22|website=Perhutani|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> [[Alas|Alas Djawatan]] menika kelubu alas ingkang di lindungi. Déné tembung ''De'' iku tembung sandang ing basa Walanda, cara basa Inggris kaya tembung ''The''. === Papan numpuk kayu === Papan iki sajané wus ana wiwit jamaning Walanda, papan iku biyèn dipigunakaké minangka papan panindakan sumber daya alas ing Jawa lan Madura anama Den Dienst van Het Boschwezen<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.catatannobi.com/2022/07/hutan-djawatan-benculuk-banyuwangi.html|title=Hutan Djawatan Benculuk, Banyuwangi - Hutan Kecil Tempat Tumbuh Pohon Raksasa 300 Tahun|first=Alannobita|date=2022-07-18|website=Ceri Nobi|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref>. Ana kang ngandika manawa papan iki uga minangka gudang sanjata duwèkké Walanda. Ing taun 1950-1962 papan iki malih dadi panggon numpuk kayu jati utawa Tempat Penimbunan Kayu (TPK) kang jenengé Tapel Pelas (TP). Dipanggonaké ing kono jalaran wit-wit trembesi duwèni kanopi kang gedhé banget kanggo nutupi kayu saka panasing srengéngé langsung supaya kualitas kayu bisa tetep kajaga. Ing kono uga ana sawijining bendungan kang dipigunakaké kanggo pambangkit listrik, lan papan iku minangka siji-sijiné papan kang duwèni pambangkit listrik ing Banyuwangi kidul nalika iku. Ing taun 1970-an ana panjarahan gedhèn pungkasan papan iku dadi mangkrak. Pungkasan tinimbang mangkrak, Perhutani njupuk alih papan iku lan didadèaké minangka alas wisata.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-5827719/asal-usul-hutan-de-djawatan-yang-masih-misterius|title=Asal-usul Hutan De Djawatan yang Masih Misterius|last=Intan|first=Pulau|date=2021-10-25|website=Detik.com|access-date=2023-10-13}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.misteraladin.com/blog/de-djawatan-hutan-di-banyuwangi-ala-fangorn-forest-the-lord-of-the-rings/|title=De Djawatan, Hutan di Banyuwangi ala Fangorn Forest The Lord of the Rings|date=2019-04-16|website=Mister Aladin|access-date=2023-10-13|archive-date=2023-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201145611/https://www.misteraladin.com/blog/de-djawatan-hutan-di-banyuwangi-ala-fangorn-forest-the-lord-of-the-rings/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youngontop.com/sejarah-singkat-de-djawatan/|title=Sejarah Singkat De Djawatan|last=Banyuwangi|first=YOT|date=2022-08-18|website=YOT Indonesia|access-date=2023-10-13|archive-date=2022-10-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005131117/https://www.youngontop.com/sejarah-singkat-de-djawatan/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.banyuwangibagus.com/2016/01/eksotika-hutan-trembesi-di-jawatan-benculuk.html|title=Eksotika Hutan Trembesi di Djawatan Benculuk|date=2016-01|website=Banyuwangi Bagus|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> === Bekas ril sepur === Saliyané iku, papan wisata iki ing jaman biyèné uga diliwati déning sepur, ana bekas ril sepur kang ana ing ngarep gapura alas iki. Sisa-sisa ril bisa dideleng ing tlatah-tlatah kayata Sratèn, Srana, lan Rajajampi. Biyèn kayu-kayu diamot sepur nalika sadurungé ana truk saka Banyuwangi menyang Benculuk, banjur didèlèh ing papan kéné lan dipamèraké kanggo didol. Manawa ana kang tuku, banjur diamot sepur manèh lan dikirim ing plabuhan kang mapan ing Pasisir Marina.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Rute == Alas De Djawatan mapan 31 kilomèter saka pusat Kutha Banyuwangi, rute kang bisa dipilih nalika arep menyang ing papan wisata iki yaiku saka dalan utama Banyuwangi-Jember mangidul. Tumeka ing Ragajampi, dalan Banyuwangi-Jember bakal ngepang ing sawijining pratelon, banjur njupuk dalan lurus mangidul. Tutké wae dalan lurus mangidul angliwati Kacamatan Srana nganti tumeka ing pasar lan pratelon Désa Benculuk. Banjur ana sawijing mesjid anama Mesjid Jami’ Al-Falah ing pratelon iku, lan gapura mlebu De Djawatan iku ana ing gang sisih loring mesjid.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/5175309/hutan-de-djawatan-banyuwangi-wisata-populer-berkesan-mistis?page=2|title=Hutan De Djawatan Banyuwangi, Wisata Populer Berkesan Mistis|first=Tifani|date=30-09-2019|website=Liputan 6|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.infoindonesia.id/info-wisata/96110041454/menjelajahi-keindahan-alami-hutan-de-djawatan-banyuwangi-banyak-pohon-berusia-ratusan-tahun|title=Menjelajahi Keindahan Alami Hutan De Djawatan Banyuwangi, Banyak Pohon Berusia Ratusan Tahun|last=Mutiara|first=Gea|date=2023-09-04|website=Info Indonesia|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> == Susuh lawa == Ing komplèk wisata iki ana uga susuh lawa, susuh iki duwèni ambu kang khas banget, anané susuh lawa iku dudu tanpa sangaja nanging kanggo panyaimbang ékosistem, jalaran anané lawa uga nggawa piguna. Piguna anané lawa iku kanggo mbasmi wèrèng, saliyané iku uga kanggo panyerbuk lan panyebar winih-winih wit-witan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brilio.net/creator/5-keunikan-yang-dapat-kamu-temukan-di-de-djawatan-benculuk-banyuwangi--d1ec91.html|title=5 Keunikan yang dapat kamu temukan di De Djawatan Benculuk Banyuwangi|last=Idris|first=Akhmad|date=2020-01-23|website=Brilio.net|access-date=2023-10-13}}{{Pranala mati|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wayah operasional lan karcis mlebu == Wayah operasional alas iki saben dina wiwit bukak jam 08.00 tumeka jam 17.00, karcis mlebuné Rp.6000,-. Déné karcis parkiré Rp.5000,- kanggo mobil, Rp.2000,- kanggo pit montor, Rp.10.000,- kanggo bis.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wisata.app/diary/hutan-djawatan-benculuk|title=Hutan Djawatan Benculuk: Tiket Masuk, Daya Tarik, Jam Buka|last=Purwadhania|first=Ayurizka|date=2022-12-13|website=Hutan Djawatan Benculuk: Tiket Masuk, Daya Tarik, Jam Buka|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> Cacahing wisatawan ing dina kerja Senèn tumeka Jemuwah kira-kira ana 300-400, lamun ing dina Setu lan Minggu bisa nganti tumeka 1000 wong.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://travelspromo.com/htm-wisata/hutan-de-djawatan-banyuwangi/|title=HUTAN DE DJAWATAN Tiket Dan Daya Tarik Oktober 2023|first=Yessif|date=2023-10-13|website=Travels Promo|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> == Sarana lan wahana == Ana pirang-pirang sarana kang bisa dipigunakaké déning para wisatawan kayata, papan kulinèr, mesjid, kakus umum, panginepan, lan papan parkir. Déné wahana-wahana kang bisa dinikmati kayata, nyéwa ATV, nunggang jaran, lan numpak dokar. Ongkos kanggo numpak dokar yaiku Rp.10.000 kanggo wong diwasa lan Rp.5000,- kanggo bocah cilik. Ongkos nunggang jaran Rp.20.000,- kanggo wong diwasa lan Rp.10.000,- kanggo bocah cilik. Déné ongkos nyéwa ATV Rp.50.000,-.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ongistravel.com/de-djawatan-tempat-wisata-di-banyuwangi/|title=De Djawatan, Tempat Wisata di Banyuwangi ala Lord of the Rings|last=Firmansyah|first=Adi|date=2023-10-11|website=Ongis Travel|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aliamaharani.com/hutan-de-djawatan-banyuwangi/|title=Wisata Alam Hutan De Djawatan Banyuwangi|last=Risma|first=Dea|date=2021-07-02|website=Alia Maharani|access-date=2023-10-13|archive-date=2023-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927105140/https://aliamaharani.com/hutan-de-djawatan-banyuwangi/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2020/09/12/111100227/de-djawatan-banyuwangi-sudah-terapkan-protokol-kesehatan-seperti-apa?page=all|title=De Djawatan Banyuwangi Sudah Terapkan Protokol Kesehatan, Seperti Apa Keindahannya?|last=Aditya|first=Nicholas Ryan|last2=Prasetya|first2=Anggara Wikan|date=2023-10-13|website=Kompas.com|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> == Kulinèr khas == Ana kulinèr khas kang bisa dinikmati sajroning papan wisata iki, kulinèr khasé yaiku sega tempong. Sega tempong yaiku sega kang sinusun kanthi sega, jejanganan, témpé, tahu, dadar jagung, lan iwak asin. Tempong makna umumé yaiku tapuk, dadi sega iki saking pedhesé nganti diibarataké bisa napuk lambé. Sega iki saporsiné Rp.10.000,-.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cantika.com/read/1781096/pengalaman-icip-sego-tempong-mbak-har-khasnya-ada-sambal-ranti|title=Pengalaman Icip Sego Tempong Mbak Har, Khasnya Ada Sambal Ranti|last=Putri|first=Silvy Riana|date=2023-10-07|website=Cantika|access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> == Cathetan suku == [[Kategori:WikiPlesir]] [[Kategori:Papan wisata ing Jawa Wétan]] hl754o8w1pjo3k9kvzyhfq8jfozagvo 0 195095 1731566 1719942 2025-07-04T00:09:52Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox tempat wisata |image = |caption = Pantai Alam Indah yaiku objek wisata pantai sing ana ing Kota Tegal, Jawa Tengah. Tempat rekreasi iki dikelola déning Pemerintah Kota Tegal. |name = {{PAGENAME}} |lokasi = Pantai Alam Indah iki ana ing Mintragen, kecamatan Tegal Timur, Kota Tegal, Jwa Tengah 52121 |negara = {{flag|Indonesia}} |arsitek = |pengelola = |pembuat = |mulai_dibangun = |selesai_dibangun = |ditutup = |biaya = gratis |jenis_wisata =[[Alam|Alam]], [[Pasisir|Pasisir]], [[Mangrove| Mangrove ]] |gaya = Wisata Alam Mangrove |luas = |fasilitas = {{*}}Parkir<br>{{*}}Monumen Bahar<br> {{*}}Toilet<br>{{*}}Area Parkir<br>{{*}}Mushola<br>{{*}}Spot Foto }} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' yaiku kawasan wisata mangrove kang ana ing sisih kulon Pantai Alam Indah, Kota Tegal. Ana rerencangan lan dempetan pohon sing ditanam ngendi, kalebu bakau, cemara laut, api-api, nangka, sawo, lan beberapa jenis tumbuhan liyane.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://jateng.tribunnews.com/2017/12/01/hutan-mangrove-di-kota-tegal-ini-tersedia-spot-spot-foto-keren-bagi-pasangan-prewedding|title=Hutan Mangrove di Kota Tegal Ini Tersedia Spot-Spot Foto Keren Bagi Pasangan Prewedding|website=Tribunjateng.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jateng.tribunnews.com/2021/06/29/wali-kota-tegal-dedy-yon-jaga-dan-lestarikan-hutan-mangrove-kita|title=Wali Kota Tegal Dedy Yon: Jaga dan Lestarikan Hutan Mangrove Kita|website=Tribunjateng.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> Hutan mangrove ing Tegal bisa jadi pilihan destinasi kang apik kanggo pengalaman penyembuhan (healing). Suasanaé sing adem lan tentrem cocok banget kanggo manggon. Hutan mangrove iki ana ing kawasan Pantai Alam Indah Tegal, ana ing Desa Mintaragen, Kecamatan Tegal Timur, Kota Tegal, Jawa Tengah, karo kode pos 52121.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://radartegal.disway.id/read/658699/indah-dan-tenangnya-hutan-mangrove-di-tegal-gratis-tiket-masuk|title=Indah dan Tenangnya Hutan Mangrove di Tegal, Gratis Tiket Masuk|last=radartegal.com|website=radartegal.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://radartegal.disway.id/read/655598/spot-wisata-terbaik-di-tegal-selain-guci-cocok-banget-buat-chilling-saat-akhir-pekan|title=Spot Wisata Terbaik di Tegal Selain Guci, Cocok Banget Buat Chilling Saat Akhir Pekan|last=radartegal.com|website=radartegal.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> Dikelilingi déning hutan bakau sing kokoh, para pengunjung bisa menikmati suasana alam sing menenangkan. Ana jalur setapak sing nuntun sampeyan menyang hutan bakau, nglarani sampeyan bisa merasakaké kasedhiyan alam sing disediakaké déning hutan iki. Sing apik lagi, ana fasilitas kang mendukung pengalaman penyembuhan, kaya bangku, ronggonan, lan area piknik sing ngijini pengunjung kang meluwehi kasenangan sambil menikmati keindahan alam sing apik.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.suara.com/tag/hutan-mangrove-pantai-alam-indah|title=Kumpulan Berita Hutan Mangrove Pantai Alam Indah Terbaru Dan Terkini|website=suara.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> Hutan Mangrove sing ana ing sisih wetan Pantai Alam Indah utawa PAI kini wis mlebeti keindahan saka PA'I dhewe. Kaya tanaman mangrove sing kalebu cemara laut, bakau, api-api, tanjung, lamtoro, glodogan, mangga, widara laut, waru, lan mahoni, bisa manjani wong sing mampir menyang ana. Apalagi lorong sing ana dadi werna-werni nganggo paving block, nganti ora perlu khawatir kaluarane becek utawa meledhak akar pepohonan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wisatategal.com/wisata-1605276-hutan_mangrove_kota_tegal.html|title=Wisata Tegal - Hutan Mangrove Kota Tegal|website=wisatategal.com|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://travel.tempo.co/read/1716979/15-tempat-wisata-di-tegal-cocok-untuk-liburan-keluarga|title=15 Tempat Wisata di Tegal, Cocok untuk Liburan Keluarga|last=Lestari|first=Nia Heppy|date=2023-04-19|website=Tempo|language=en|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> == Konservasi == Alas Mangrove Pasisir Alam Indah iku dheweke kang ngomah ana macem-macem jenis tanaman, manuk, iwak, lan binatang liyane. Pengunjung bisa ngelihat kahanané ekosistem mangrove sing banyune lan njaluk wawasan babagan pentingé kanggo nguri-urié. Iki pangertian kang apik kanggo ngerti luwih dalem babagan ekosistem ing daérah pesisir lan mangertos upaya pelestarian lingkungan.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/3329785|title=Optimalisasi Destinasi Pariwisata dengan Pemberdayaan Potensi Alam Pesisir Pantai Utara sebagai Daya Tarik Kota Tegal: Analisis Swot - Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital|website=garuda.kemdikbud.go.id|access-date=2023-10-14}}{{Pranala mati|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:gdwfbEUF-hUJ:scholar.google.com/+ANALISIS+POTENSI+KAWASAN+OBYEK+WISATA+PANTAI+ALAM+INDAH+DAN+PANTAI+PURWAHAMBA+INDAH+DI+KOTA+TEGAL+JAWA+TENGAH&hl=id&as_sdt=0,5|title=ANALISIS POTENSI KAWASAN OBYEK WISATA PANTAI ALAM INDAH DAN PANTAI PURWAHAMBA INDAH DI KOTA TEGAL JAWA TENGAH Oleh : PROGRAM STU|website=scholar.googleusercontent.com|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sebayufm.tegalkota.go.id/tanam-300-bibit-mangrove-uptd-spf-smp-n-12-tegal-smk-n-1-adiwerna-disporapar-kota-tegal-dan-warga-mintaragen-bersinergi-lestarikan-hutan/|title=Tanam 300 Bibit Mangrove, UPTD SPF SMP N 12 TEGAL , SMK N 1 Adiwerna, Disporapar Kota Tegal dan Warga Mintaragen Bersinergi Lestarikan Hutan|last=Setiawan|first=Galih|date=2021-03-22|website=Sebayu FM|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-14|archive-date=2022-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807195823/https://sebayufm.tegalkota.go.id/tanam-300-bibit-mangrove-uptd-spf-smp-n-12-tegal-smk-n-1-adiwerna-disporapar-kota-tegal-dan-warga-mintaragen-bersinergi-lestarikan-hutan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nanging ora mung minangka pusat pembelajaran, Hutan Mangrove Pantai Alam Indah uga dadi pitu kang apik kanggo mlayani bebrayan macem-macem jenis manuk sing nglewati utawa ngomah ana ing hutan bakau iki. Pengunjung bisa menikmati suguhan ngomah manuk lan ngabadikan momèn kang apik karo fotografi manuk.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.unnes.ac.id/sekararumngarasati/2015/11/05/perilaku-masyarakat-di-sekitar-hutan-mangrove-pantai-alam-indah/|title=PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR HUTAN MANGROVE PANTAI ALAM INDAH KOTA TEGAL|last=NGARASATI|first=SEKAR ARUM|date=2015-11-05|website=unnes.ac.id}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Utami|first=DM|date=2017|title=Analisis Potensi Kawasan Obyek Wisata Pantai Alam Indah Dan Pantai Purwahamba Indah Di Kota Tegal Jawa Tengah|url=https://eprints.ums.ac.id/51751/16/-2.pdf|journal=eprints.ums.ac.id}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ulwiyah|first=Ulwiyah|date=2021|title=IDENTIFIKASI KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN MANFAAT EKOLOGIS FUNGI TANAH DI HUTAN MANGROVE PANTAI ALAM INDAHKOTA TEGAL|url=https://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/13445/1/1708016025_Ulwiyah_Full%20Skripsi%20-%20Ulwiyah_.pdf|journal=eprints.walisongo.ac.id}}</ref> == Fasilitas == Hutan mangrove ing Pantai Alam Indah Tegal ana ing wilayah sing sami karo Pantai Alam Indah Tegal, artine para pengunjung bisa nggunakaké berbagai fasilitas sing adi ing Pantai Alam Indah Tegal. Ing nduwé iki, para pengunjung bisa nemu fasilitas kaya toilet, mushola, tempat sampah, lan fasilitas umum liyane sing mbesut kenyamanan lan keperluan para pengunjung. Kita bisa terasaké kangge para pengunjung bisa nemokaké pengalaman sing nyaman nalika muter-muter ing hutan mangrove lan menikmati suasana pantai sing apik ing sekitaré.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visitjawatengah.jatengprov.go.id/id/destinasi-wisata/pantai-alam-indah|title=Pariwisata Provinsi Jawa Tengah {{!}} Destinasi Wisata {{!}} PANTAI ALAM INDAH|last=digsa.id|website=visitjawatengah.jatengprov.go.id|language=en|access-date=2023-10-14|archive-date=2022-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808034432/https://visitjawatengah.jatengprov.go.id/id/destinasi-wisata/pantai-alam-indah|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.anekawisata.com/pai-tegal.html|title=Pantai Alam Indah (PAI) Tegal : Tiket Masuk, Fasilitas, Aktivitas Seru, Sunset, Dermaga Apung, Monumen Bahari, Hutan Mangrove, Dan Festival Of Light|last=Wisata|first=Aneka|date=2022-09-25|website=Aneka Wisata|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-14}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Akses lan lokasi == Hutan mangrove iki ana ing pesisir lor Kota Tegal, kurang lewih 4 kilometer saka pusat kutha utawa mung perlu sekitar 10 menit tumrap saka pusat kutha. Nalika wonten dhisik karo posisi sing cukup cedhak ing pusat kutha, hutan mangrove iki dadi tempat sing gampang banget diakses kanggo para pengunjung sing pengin menikmati keindahan alam lan keanekaragaman hayati sing dikarepake. Ing waktu sing cepet, para pengunjung bisa kabèh saka keramaian kutha lan ngalami kaweruh lan kawis tanah sing ditemokaké ing hutan mangrove sing ana ing sepanjang pesisir lor kutha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.co.id/travel/unsupported?ucpp=ClZodHRwczovL3d3dy5nb29nbGUuY28uaWQvdHJhdmVsL2hvdGVscy9lbnRpdHkvQ2hvSTJfS2szcmJOLWNucEFSb05MMmN2TVRGak5UQTVOM00yTnhBRQ|title=Hutan Mangrove Pantai Alam Indah Tegal - Google Travel|website=www.google.co.id|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yanacircle.com/pantai-alam-indah-tegal-lokasi-rute-dan-harga-tiket|title=Pantai Alam Indah Tegal: Lokasi, Rute, dan Harga Tiket {{!}} YanaCircle|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-14|archive-date=2023-10-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001225518/https://yanacircle.com/pantai-alam-indah-tegal-lokasi-rute-dan-harga-tiket|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.waze.com/id/live-map/directions/id/jawa-tengah/hutan-mangrove-pantai-alam-indah-tegal?to=place.ChIJh5vgxpi3by4RWznJa2vmk-k|title=Petunjuk arah berkendara ke Hutan Mangrove Pantai Alam Indah Tegal|website=Waze|language=id|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> == Ugi delok == * [[Pasisir Alam Indah Tegal | Pasisir Alam Indah Tegal]] == Daftar pustaka == * Utami, Ditya Mita. ''Analisis Potensi Kawasan Obyek Wisata Pantai Alam Indah Dan Pantai Purwahamba Indah Di Kota Tegal Jawa Tengah''. Diss. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2017. * Wiyanti, Sari. "Optimalisasi Destinasi Pariwisata dengan Pemberdayaan Potensi Alam Pesisir Pantai Utara sebagai Daya Tarik Kota Tegal: Analisis Swot." Permana: Jurnal Perpajakan, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi 13.2 (2021): 217-232. *KETUT, PERIHARTINI. "STUDI KEMELIMPAHAN FUNGI RHIZOSFER BERBASIS POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN 4 VARIETAS KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merill) DI LAHAN MARGINAL." (2023). == Rujukan == {{reflist| 000000000000000000003}} [[Kategori:Papan wisata ing Jawa Tengah]] [[Kategori:WikiPlesir]] h3es0yisziv3kehvc6sd8cbuucho7rb 0 195869 1731558 1697855 2025-07-03T21:47:12Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox religious biography|honorific-prefix=|name=Abdul Wahab Hasbullah|honorific-suffix=|native_name=|native_name_lang=|image=Abdul Wahab Hasbullah.jpg|alt=|caption=|religion=[[Islam]]|denomination=[[Sunni]]|lineage=|sect=|subsect=|temple=|order=|institute=|church=|founder=[[Nahdlatul Ulama]]|philosophy=|known_for=|education=|alma_mater=|other_names=<!-- or: | other_name = -->|dharma_names=<!-- or: | dharma_name = -->|monastic_name=|pen_name=|posthumous_name=|nationality=[[Indonesia]]|flourished=|home_town=[[Kabupaten Jombang|Jombang]]|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date|1889|03|31|df=y}}|birth_place={{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Kabupaten Jombang|Jombang]], [[Jawa Timur]], [[Belanda]]|death_date={{death date and age|1971|12|29|1889|03|31|df=y}}|death_place={{flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Kabupaten Jombang|Jombang]], [[Jawa Timur]], [[Indonesia]]|death_cause=|resting_place=|resting_place_coordinates=<!-- {{coord|latitude|longitude|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} -->|spouse=|partner=|children=|parents=|mother=Nyai Latifah|father=KH. Hasbulloh Said|location=|title=|period=|consecration=|predecessor=|successor=|reason=|rank=|teacher=- Mahfudz at-Tarmisy<br>- Mukhtarom<br>- Ahmad Khatib<br>- Bakir<br>- Asy’ari<br>-Abdul Karim ad-Daghestany<br>- Abdul Hamid<br>- Umar Bejened|reincarnation_of=|students=<!-- or | disciples = -->|initiated=|works=<!-- or | literary_works = -->|ordination=|initiation=|initiation_date=|initiation_place=|initiator=|profession=|previous_post=|present_post=|post=|website=<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->|signature=|background=<!-- optional header background color -->}} '''K.H. Abdul Wahab Hasbullah''' (31 Maret 1888 - 29 Desember 1971) iku salah siji ulama pangadeg [[Nahdlatul Ulama|Nahdatul Ulama]] sing nduweni pandangan modern lan diplomatik, uga [[kiai]] asline. saking Pondok Pesantren Bahrum Ulum Tambakberas, Jombang. Dhèwèké uga penulis tembang Yahlal Watan sing asring ditembangake dening warga NU. Dhèwèké diangkat dadi Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia dening Presiden [[Joko Widodo]] tanggal 7 November 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-2743773/ini-kiprah-4-pahlawan-nasional-yang-baru-dinobatkan-tahun-ini/2#bigpic |title=Artikel:"Ini Kiprah 4 Pahlawan Nasional yang Baru Dinobatkan Tahun Ini" di detik.com |access-date=2024-04-07 |archive-date=2024-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407002610/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-2743773/ini-kiprah-4-pahlawan-nasional-yang-baru-dinobatkan-tahun-ini/2#bigpic |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Biografi lan Kulawarga == Pikirane tansah didadekake tetimbangan lan solusi kanggo ngrampungi macem-macem masalah, agama lan nasional. Pengalaman urip ing telung umur wis mbentuk wong sing wicaksana lan wicaksana. Dhèwèké lair ing Maret 1888 Masehi saka Kyai Chasbullah lan Nyai Lathifah ing Tambakberas Jombang. Kulawarga Chasbullah, pangreksa pondhok Tambakberas, taksih gadhah sesambungan kekerabatan kaliyan ulama ingkang misuwur ing wiwitan abad kaping 20 ingkang ugi saking Jombang, inggih punika KH [[Mohammad Hasyim Ashari|Hasyim Asy'ari.]] == Silsilah Keluarga == Nasab KH [[Mohammad Hasyim Ashari|Hasyim Asy'ari]] lan Kyai Chasbullah ketemu dadi siji garis keturunan karo KH. Abdussalam. Yen dilacak munggah, garis keturunan kulawarga iki bakal tumuju marang Lembu Peteng, salah sijine raja ing Majapahit. == Mati == Saderengipun seda, KH. Wahab Chasbullah isih kasil rawuh ing KTT NU kaping 25 ing Surabaya lan kapilih dadi Ro'is 'Am PBNU. Dhèwèké uga bisa milih Partai NU ing Pemilu 1971. Miturut dhèwèké, nekani KTT NU lan milih ing Pemilu kalebu salah sijine perjuwangan, amarga perjuwangan iku mujudake ibadah sing kudu ditindakake. Nanging, patang dina sawise KTT NU ing Surabaya, kyai sing wis akeh kontribusi kanggo bangsa iki disebut ing ngarsane Allah swt. Dhèwèké tilar donya tanggal 29 Desember 1971 ing omahe sederhana ing komplek Pesantren Tambakberas, Jombang. == Pendidikan == Wiwit cilik, dhèwèké diwulang langsung dening bapake. Dhèwèké sinau babagan pendidikan agama, kayata maca Al-Qur'an, tasawuf, lan liya-liyane. Sawise dianggep cukup, KH. Wahab ngumbara menyang maneka pesantren kanggo sinau, antarane ing Pesantren Langitan, Widang, Tuban, Pesantren Mojosari-Nganjuk kanthi bimbingan Kyai Sholeh, Pesantren Tawangsari-Surabaya, lan Pesantren Bangkalan-[[Pulau Madura|Madura]] kanthi bimbingan langsung. saka KH Cholil Dasar misuwur. Dening Kyai Kholil, Kyai Wahab didhawuhi sinau ing Pesantren Tebuireng, [[Kabupaten Jombang|Jombang]]. Ing maneka warna pesantren kasebut, KH. Wahab entuk kawruh lan pengalaman. Dhèwèké sinau buku-buku agama sing penting nganti mahir. Ing yuswa 27 taun, KH. Wahab nglajengaken pendhidhikan wonten ing Mekah. Ing kutha suci, dhèwèké sinau saka ulama terkenal kayata KH. Machfudz Termas, KH. Muhtarom Banyumas, Syekh Ahmad Chotib Minangkabau, KH. Bakir Yogyakarta, KH. Asya'ri Bawean, Syekh Said al-Yamani, lan Syekh Umar Bajened. Kabeh mau nglengkapi wawasan sosial lan ilmu agama KH. Wahhab. Kanthi sejarah pendhidhikan ingkang wiyar, boten nggumunaken bilih ing kalangan ulama lan pejuang ing jamanipun, KH. Wahab dianggep paling misuwur ing babagan pamikiran lan kawruh. Kaya biasane ing pesantren, KH. Wahab uripe sederhana. Kanggo nyukupi kulawargane, dhèwèké dagang apa wae sing halal. Dhèwèké tau dagang indigo lan dadi wakil saka biro perjalanan haji. Amarga macem-macem bisnis sing ditindakake, dhèwèké ngandelake manajemen bisnise marang wong liya kanthi sistem bagi hasil. KH. Wahab tansah digambarake minangka wong sing semangat, ramah, lan wibawa. == Silsilah Keilmuan == * KH [[Hasyim Asy'arie|Hasyim Asy’ari]] * Syekh Mahfudz At-Tarmasi * KH. Muhtarom Banyumas * Syaikh Ahmad Khatib Minangkabau * KH Bakir Yogyakarta * KH Asya’ri Bawean * Syekh Said al-Yamani * Syekh Umar Bajened == Jasa lan Karyane == === Dirikno NU === Aura kelembutan lan katresnan mancar saka raine. Saliyane loman, kyai iki angel nesu lan sengit. “Sanajan isih cilik, katon gagah prakosa,” ujare salah sijine pengagume, KH Saifuddin Zuhri. KH. Saifuddin Zuhri ugi ngandharaken bilih KH. Wahab mujudake ulama kang jembar ilmune, ora mung ing babagan agama. Sing cedhak karo dhèwèké ora bosen ngrungokake omongane sing tansah anyar lan ngemot nilai-nilai bebener. KH. Wahab mboten kalebet kategori ulama “klise”. Sikap lan tembunge tansah asli, asale saka kawruh lan pengalaman sing akeh. Dhèwèké ora tau ngrasa canggung ngomong ing ngarepe ewonan wong. Dhèwèké ora bangga ngomong ing ngarepe wong akeh, uga ora kuciwa yen mung sawetara sing ngrungokake. Saliyane kapinteran, gaya penyampaiane uga narik kawigaten saengga tembung-tembunge bisa dirungokake lan dimangerteni kanthi becik ora bosen. Tumrap warga NU, organisasi Islam paling gedhe ing Indonesia, KH. Wahab ora mung tokoh lan pendiri, nanging uga minangka simbol penyatuan, lan menarik uga tradisi intelektuale ing kalangan ulama pesantren. Kacarita KH. Wahab ngedegake, njaga, lan nggedhekake NU kanthi ilmu, banjur kanthi bandha lan tenaga. Mula ora keluwih yen wong nyebutake KH. Wahab minangka jiwa uga penggerak NU, wiwit saka NU cilik lan sepele nganti dadi jamaah Islam paling gedhe ing Indonesia. Pancen angel golek tembung sing pas kanggo nggambarake tokoh KH. Wahab Chasbullah. Nggunakake istilah KH. Abdul Wahid Hasyim, KH. Wahab diarani "kyai merdeka". Sadawane sejarah perjuangane, kyai saka Jombang iki pancen nduweni jiwa kang mandhiri, madeg dhewe, ora gampang dipengaruhi lingkungan sekitar. “Dudu pandherek”, ngendikane KH. Saifuddin Zuhri. Sanadyan ing cara ngomong, mlaku, lan dandan, dhèwèké ora niru wong liya. Kyai unik iki tansah nganggo sorban. Sepisan, nalika KH. Wahab ngomong ing sidang parlementer sadurunge munggah podium, dhèwèké ndandani serban. Ana sing takon, "Kok nganggo sorban?". Sambil nunjuk sorbane, KH. Wahab mangsuli kanthi mantep, "Iki sorbane Pangeran Diponegoro! Dhèwèké, Kiai Mojo, Imam Bonjol, Teuku Umar kabeh nganggo sorban". Krungu wangsulane, kabeh peserta konferensi ngguyu, nggawe ruang konferensi kebak ngguyu. Pagelaran KH. Ana akeh Wahab Chasbullah. Kayata ngedegake grup diskusi Tashwirul Afkar taun 1914, ngedegake gerakan Nahdlatul Wathan lan Syubbanul Wathan karo KH. Mas Mansur, miwiti pambentukan Panitia Hijaz, lan miwiti ngadege NU. Ing bidang jurnalistik, dhèwèké dadi perintis majalah Suara Nahdhatul Ulama sing terbit saben nem sasi. Miturut dhèwèké, kanthi majalah, gagasan NU bisa disebar kanthi luwih efektif lan efisien. === Dirikno GP Ansor === Saka cathetan sejarah madeg, GP Ansor lair saka guwa garba Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Diwiwiti saka bedane tokoh tradhisional lan modernis sing katon ing badan Nahdlatul Wathan, organisasi agama sing nglakokake pendidikan Islam, pelatihan dakwah, lan bangunan kader. KH. Abdul Wahab Hasbullah, tokoh tradisional, lan KH. Mas Mansyur sing mujudake modernis iki pungkasane njupuk arah sing beda ing wektu sing semangat kanggo ngadegake organisasi pemuda Islam. Rong taun sawisé pisah, ing taun 1924, para mudha sing nyengkuyung KH. Abdul Wahab Hasbullah - sing banjur dadi pendiri NU - mbentuk badan kanthi jeneng Syubbanul Wathan (Pemuda Negara). Organisasi iki dadi cikal bakal [[Gerakan Pemuda Ansor]] sawise sadurunge ngalami owah-owahan jeneng kayata Paguyuban Pemuda NU (PPNU), Pemuda NU (PNU), lan Anshoru Nahdlatul Oelama (ANO). Jeneng "[[Gerakan Pemuda Ansor|Ansor]]" mujudake saran saka KH. Abdul Wahab Hasbullah, ulama lan kepala sekolah nom-noman jaman semana, sing dijupuk saka jeneng pakurmatan sing diparingake dening Nabi Muhammad SAW marang masyarakat Madinah sing wis nyumbangake perjuangan kanggo mbela lan njunjung agama Allah. . Kanthi mekaten ANO gadhah ancas kangge mendhet hikmah saha tuladha saking sikap, solah bawa, saha semangat juangipun para sahabat Nabi ingkang dipunparingi predikat “Ansor”. Gerakan ANO kudu tansah ngrujuk marang nilai-nilai dasar kanca-kanca Ansor, yaiku minangka pambiyantu, pejuang, malah dadi pelopor nyebarake, njunjung, lan mbelani ajaran agama Islam. Sanajan ANO diakoni minangka bagéan saka NU, nanging sacara resmi organisasi kasebut durung kalebu ing struktur organisasi NU. Mung ing KTT NU kaping 9 ing [[Kabupaten Banyuwangi]], tepate tanggal 10 Muharam 1353 H utawa [[24 April]] [[1934]], ANO ditampa lan dikukuhaké minangka bagéan (departemen) pemuda NU. Mlebetipun ANO minangka salah satunggaling departemen ing struktur kelembagaan NU amargi perjuanganipun para kiai mudha kados KH. Machfudz Siddiq, KH. [[Abdul Wahid Hasyim|A. Wahid Hasyim]], [[Kyai Saleh Lateng]], KH. Dachlan. === Pejuang Kemerdekaan === Sadurungé, gagasan-gagasan NU mung ditindakake kanthi khotbah saka tataran nganti tataran lan pamulangan ing pesantren. Dhèwèké uga tuku bangunan ing Jalan Sasak 23 Surabaya minangka pusat kegiatan NU. Wiwit saka gagasan kasebut muncul majalah liyane, kayata Suluh Nahdlatul Ulama sing dipandhegani Umar Burhan, Trumpet Ansor sing dipandhegani Tamyiz Khudlory, lan majalah Penggugah basa Jawa sing dipimpin K. Raden Iskandar sing banjur diganti Saifuddin Zuhri. Saka tradhisi jurnalistik iki, NU nduweni wartawan kondhang kayata Asa Bafaqih, Saifuddin Zuhri, lan Mahbub Junaidi. KH. Wahab uga dikenal minangka ahli strategi perjuangan sing apik ing politik Islam. Sawetara prestasine yaiku mbentuk MIAI (Majelis Islam A'la Indonesia), GAPPI (Persatuan Partai Politik Indonesia), lan Masyumi. Lumantar gerakan iki, KH. Wahab melu tokoh-tokoh terkemuka, kayata K. Mas Mansur, Dr. Sukiman, Abikusno Cokrosuyoso, Bp. Sartono, Sukarjo Wiryopranoto, Amir Syarifuddin, lan sapanunggalane. Ora mangu-mangu, KH. Wahab nduweni andharan gedhe kanggo netepake prinsip-prinsip organisasi NU. Ing meh kabeh sektor, dhèwèké ngandhut ide-ide cemerlang kanggo pangembangan NU, wiwit saka tradhisi intelektual, jurnalisme, nganti struktur organisasi NU. Amarga prinsipe, "yen kita pengin kuwat, kita kudu kuwat." Tegese, dadi gedhe, kudu nduweni kekuatan, kekuatan politik, militer, lan kekuatan batin. Saliyane pagelaran ing ndhuwur, KH. Wahab uga aktif ing gerakan nglawan penjajah kanggo mbebasake negara iki, kayata ing Laskar Hizbullah sing dipimpin dening KH. Zainal Arifin, Laskar Sabilillah dipimpin dening Laskar Sabilillah dipimpin dening KH. Masykur lan Front Kyai sing dipimpin dhewe kanggo perang nglawan penjajah. === Panitia Hijaz minangka Benteng Islam Aswaja === Prestasi mulya liyane yaiku kasil merjuangake kepentingan Sunni kanggo entuk perlindungan lan kebebasan ing negara Arab Saudi ing Kongres Dunia Islam ing Mekah. Nalika iku, Raja Saud saka Arab Saudi nglarang pangembangan pamikiran Sunni ing negarane. Ananging saking pamrayoginipun KH. Wahab sesarengan kaliyan tokoh-tokoh Islam ingkang ndherek Panitia Hijaz, kados ta KH Bisri Syansuri, K. Ridwan Semarang, KH Raden Asnawi Kudus, K. Nawawi Pasuruan, K. Nachrowi Malang, lan K. Alwi Abdul Aziz Surabaya, akhiripun Prabu Saud paring idin. panginten Sunni manggon lan tuwuh ing Mekah. Ing pambuka khutbah pungkasan minangka Rois 'Am, KH. Wahab ngarep-arep supaya NU terus golek arah kanthi tansah ngucap syukur marang nikmat sing diparingake dening Gusti Allah minangka organisasi Islam paling gedhe ing Indonesia kanthi cara sing selaras karo Ahlussunnah wal-Jama’ah. Dhèwèké uga ngelingi masyarakat Nahdliyin supaya bali menyang semangat Nahdlatul Ulama taun 1926 utawa luwih dikenal khittah NU 1926. == Cathetan kaki == <references /> [[Kategori:Lair 1888]] [[Kategori:Pati 1971]] m71klzawvhr6km3dql2nl4foeog9ye3 0 196209 1731588 1676629 2025-07-04T06:11:26Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731588 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Watu Ratapan Angin ([[Aksara Carakan|Carakan]]: ꦧꦠꦸ​ꦫꦠꦥꦤ꧀​ꦲꦔꦶꦤ꧀​)''' yaiku salah sewijining papan wisata ing dataran tinggi Diéng, [[Kabupatèn Wanasaba|Wonosobo]], [[Jawa Tengah]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/wisata/d-6918902/tiket-batu-ratapan-angin-rute-dan-aktivitas-seru-di-sana|title=Tiket Batu Ratapan Angin, Rute, dan Aktivitas Seru di Sana|last=Putri|first=Alia Yassinta Echa|website=detikjateng|language=id-ID|access-date=2024-06-01}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Aksés menyang obyék wisata Watu Pandang Ratapan Angin ora angél. Lokasi obyék wisata iki ora adoh karo obyék wisata Diéng liyané. Obyék wisata iki tepaté ana ing Jl. Téater Diéng, Diéng, Kejajar, Wonosobo, Jawa Tengah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/wisata/d-6918902/tiket-batu-ratapan-angin-rute-dan-aktivitas-seru-di-sana|title=Tiket Batu Ratapan Angin, Rute, dan Aktivitas Seru di Sana|last=Putri|first=Alia Yassinta Echa|website=detikjateng|language=id-ID|access-date=2024-06-01}}{{Pranala mati|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Watu Pandang Ratapan Angin tepaté ana ing Désa Diéng Wétan, Kecamatan Kejajar, Wonosobo. Yén saka tengah Kutha Wonosobo jaraké watara 27 kilométer kanthi wektu tempuh kurang luwih sak jam. Lokasi Watu Pandang Ratapan Angin sing ana ing bukit sekitar Tlaga Warna ndadékaké panorama tlaga katon nengsemaké saka dhuwur. Tlaga Warna minangka salah sawijining ikon wisata ing kawasan Dataran Tinggi Diéng. Wisatawan bisa ndeleng tlaga warna sing kerep ganti warna kanthi jelas saka Watu Pandang Ratapan Angin. Saliyané nyediakaké panorama sing apik, Watu Pandang Ratapan Angin uga dadi salah sawijining spot foto paling apik ing Diéng. Kaéndahan panorama sing disajikaké ing kana uga cocok banget kanggo latar foto. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2019/08/31/180000727/batu-pandang-ratapan-angin-dieng-ini-rute-dan-harga-tiketnya|title=Batu Pandang Ratapan Angin Dieng, Ini Rute dan Harga Tiketnya|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|date=2019-08-31|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2024-06-01}}</ref> '''Rute Menyang Batu Ratapan Angin''' Menyang Watu Ratapan Angin ora angél. Obyék wisata iki ora adoh saka ikon wisata Diéng liyané kayata Candhi Arjuna, Kawah Sikidang, utawa Tlaga Warna. Saka pertigaan ''Welcome to Dieng'', belok ngiwa utawa ngidul 1,5 kilométer menyang pertelon sing dadi watesé Kabupatén Wonosobo lan Banjarnegara. Sadurungé pertelon ana aréa parkir lan lokét menyang Tlaga Warna. Perjalanan diterusaké kanthi bélok ngiwa, tinimbang mlebu dalan sing nganggo gapura. Dalan sing ana gapura mengko arep menyang Museum Kailasa utawa Candhi Arjuna. Déné bélok kiwa menyang Téater Dataran Tinggi Diéng lan Watu Pandang Ratapan Angin. Dalan iki uga dadi dalan menyang Sikunir. Sabanjuré bélok ngiwa manéh ing pertelon. Dalan kasebut mengko bakal menyang Téater Dataran Tinggi Diéng lan Watu Pandang Ratapan Angin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2019/08/31/180000727/batu-pandang-ratapan-angin-dieng-ini-rute-dan-harga-tiketnya|title=Batu Pandang Ratapan Angin Dieng, Ini Rute dan Harga Tiketnya|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|date=2019-08-31|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2024-06-01}}</ref> '''Tikét lan Jam Operasional Watu Ratapan Angin''' Watu Ratapan Angin bukak wiwit Senin nganti Minggu. Déstinasi wisata iki diwiwiti jam 06.00 nganti 18.00 WIB. Rega tikét mlebu Watu Ratapan Angin Rp 10.000 saben wong. Pengunjung kang nggawa kendaraan kudu mbayar biaya parkir Rp 3.000 kanggo sepédha motor. '''Fasilitas lan Kegiyatan Seru ing Watu Ratapan Angin''' Ana sawetara fasilitas sing kasedhiya ing Watu Ratapan Angin. Wiwit saka jamban, warung, aréa ''camping'', gazébo, spot foto, nganti macem-macem wahana sing nyenengaké. Ing ngisor iki sawetara aktivitas seru sing bisa ditindakaké ing Watu Ratapan Angin: 1. Dolanan ''flying fox'' Sampéyan bisa dolanan ''flying fox'' ing Watu Ratapan kanthi mung mbayar Rp 50.000. Sampéyan bisa mirsani pemandangan alam Diéng. 2. Foto bareng Titik foto sing dadi ikon obyék wisata iki yaiku pemandangan tlaga saka dhuwur. Amarga spot foto iku ana ing pinggir tebing, kudu ati-ati nalika foto. 3. Suasana alam Diéng Watu Ratapan Angin dumunung ing dhuwur 2.100 méter saka permukaan laut sing ndadékaké papan iki nduwéni pemandangan sing apik banget. Sampéyan bisa ndeleng Tlaga Warna sing apik banget. 4. Nyebrang Jembatan Abang Putih Lokasi Jembatan Abang Putih mung 50 méter saka Watu Ratapan Angin. Jembatan iki nduwéni dhuwur 10 méter saka permukaan lemah. Jembatan gantung iki ngubungaké rong bukit ing sacedhaké Watu Ratapan Angin.[https://www.detik.com/jateng/wisata/d-6918902/tiket-batu-ratapan-angin-rute-dan-aktivitas-seru-di-sana] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601045551/https://www.detik.com/jateng/wisata/d-6918902/tiket-batu-ratapan-angin-rute-dan-aktivitas-seru-di-sana |date=2024-06-01 }} Iku sakilas gagasan Watu Ratapan Angin. Muga-muga migunani, ya. == Rujukan == <references /> go6xoa1vv2ilc7rq3ax6j75dscej5d0 0 196372 1731551 1700675 2025-07-03T19:13:11Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Timlo|ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ}} {{Infobox food|name=ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ|image=43. Timlo 3.jpg|image_size=250px|caption=ꦥꦿꦲꦸꦥꦤꦺꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ|alternate_name=|country=[[ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ]]|region=ꦱꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ꧈[[ꦗꦮꦠꦼꦔꦃ]]|creator=|course=ꦩꦔꦤ꧀ꦥꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦏ|served=ꦥꦤꦱ꧀|main_ingredient= [[ꦆꦮꦏ꧀ꦥꦶꦠꦶꦏ꧀]]꧈[[ꦗꦩꦸꦂ]]꧈[[ꦩꦂꦏꦸꦤꦶ]]꧈[[ꦗꦔꦤꦤ꧀]]꧈[[ꦌꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀]]꧈ꦩꦶꦲꦸꦤ꧀ |variations=|calories=|other=}} ꧋'''ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ'''ꦲꦸꦠꦮ'''ꦏꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ'''ꦪꦲꦶꦏꦸꦱꦭꦃꦱꦮꦶꦗꦶꦤꦶꦁꦥꦔꦤꦤ꧀ꦱꦏꦏꦸꦛ[[ꦏꦸꦛꦱꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ|ꦱꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ]]꧉ꦥꦔꦤꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦏꦶꦫꦢꦩꦶꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦏꦫꦺꦴꦱꦺꦴꦥ꧀ꦲꦤꦔꦶꦁꦮꦺꦴꦱꦺꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦲꦏꦺꦃ꧉ꦫꦕꦏꦺꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦲꦶꦏꦶꦢꦶꦢꦺꦴꦭ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦮꦫꦸꦁꦱꦶꦁꦲꦸꦒꦲꦢꦺꦴꦭ꧀ꦱꦼꦭꦠ꧀‌꧈ꦱꦺꦴꦥ꧀‌꧈ꦱꦺꦴꦠꦺꦴꦭꦤ꧀ꦒꦝꦺꦴꦒꦝꦺꦴꦲꦩꦂꦒꦲꦶꦱꦶꦃꦲꦤꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦁꦕꦺꦤꦺꦔꦺ꧉ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦲꦶꦏꦶꦢꦶꦱꦗꦺꦏꦏꦺꦲꦶꦁꦩꦁꦏꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦩꦮꦲꦶꦱꦶꦃꦥꦤꦱ꧀꧈ ==ꦕꦫꦔꦺꦴꦭꦃ== ꧋ꦔ꧀ꦒꦮꦺꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦲꦺꦴꦫꦥꦠꦶꦲꦔꦺꦭ꧀‌꧈ꦲꦤꦔꦶꦁꦠꦼꦠꦼꦥ꧀ꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦠꦸꦲꦏꦺꦏꦱꦧꦫꦤ꧀꧈ ====ꦥꦶꦫꦤ꧀ꦠꦶꦱꦶꦁꦢꦶꦕꦼꦥꦏꦏꦺ:==== *ꦩꦂꦏꦸꦤꦶ *ꦮꦺꦴꦂꦠꦼꦭ꧀ *ꦧꦶꦲꦸꦤ꧀ *ꦏꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦁꦠꦲꦸꦥꦸꦠꦶꦃ *ꦗꦩꦸꦂꦏꦸꦥꦶꦁ *[[ꦱꦺꦴꦱꦶꦱ꧀ꦱꦭ|ꦱꦺꦴꦱꦶꦱ꧀ꦱꦭ]]꧇꧒꧇ꦮꦶꦗꦶ *ꦲꦶꦮꦏ꧀ꦥꦶꦠꦶꦏ꧀ *ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦒꦺꦴꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀ *ꦧꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦁꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ *ꦢꦸꦢꦸꦃꦱꦺꦴꦥ꧀ꦱꦶꦁꦲꦶꦱꦶꦃꦥꦤꦱ꧀ [[Gambar:Isi Timlo Solo.JPG|jmpl|ꦧꦏꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ]] ====ꦕꦫꦔ꧀ꦒꦮꦺ==== #ꦒꦺꦴꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦮꦺꦴꦂꦠꦼꦭ꧀‌꧈ꦧꦶꦲꦸꦤ꧀‌꧈ꦩꦂꦏꦸꦤꦶ꧈ꦏꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦁꦠꦲꦸ꧈ꦗꦩꦸꦂꦲꦶꦁꦧꦚꦸ[[ꦲꦸꦩꦸꦧ꧀]]ꦏꦸꦫꦁꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃ꧇꧑꧐꧇ꦩꦼꦤꦶꦠ꧀꧈ #ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦱ꧀ꦭꦤ꧀ꦮꦺꦤꦺꦲꦏꦺꦩꦁꦏꦺꦴꦏ꧀꧈ #ꦲꦶꦫꦶꦱ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦱꦶꦱ꧀ꦱꦭꦭꦤ꧀ꦠꦠꦲꦶꦁꦢꦸꦮꦸꦂꦫꦺ꧉ #ꦠꦩ꧀ꦧꦲꦶꦲꦶꦮꦏ꧀ꦥꦶꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦭꦤ꧀ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦒꦺꦴꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀꧈ #ꦱꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦏ꧀ꦢꦸꦢꦸꦃꦱꦺꦴꦥ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦩꦁꦏꦺꦴꦏ꧀꧈ #ꦏꦼꦥꦾꦸꦫꦶꦧꦮꦁꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁꦲꦶꦁꦢꦸꦮꦸꦂꦫꦺ꧉ #ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦧꦶꦱꦢꦶꦥꦔꦤ꧀꧈ ==ꦥꦿꦤꦭꦚ꧀ꦗꦧ== [https://food.detik.com/direktori-solo/d-1680657/timlo-solo ꦉꦱꦺꦥ꧀ꦩꦱꦏ꧀ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327172505/https://food.detik.com/direktori-solo/d-1680657/timlo-solo |date=2020-03-27 }} [https://id.tastemade.com/videos/timlo-solo ꦥ꦳ꦶꦢꦺꦪꦺꦴꦩꦱꦏ꧀ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ] [[Kategori:Panganan]] [[Kategori:Olah-olahan Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Surakarta]] [[Kategori:ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ]] 0r2t258kcdj4tcjdy7f767wckapyikw 0 196570 1731576 1698310 2025-07-04T02:48:49Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Ashari DS. | image = Mayor_of_Jambi_Ashari_DS.jpg | width = 220px | caption = | office = Wali Kota Jambi | order = ke-7 | termstart = 1983 | termend = 1993 | president = [[Soeharto]] | governor = [[Masjchun Sofwan]]<br>[[Abdurrahman Sayoeti]] | predecessor = [[Zainir Haviz]] | successor = [[Muhammad Sabki]] | lieutenant = | birth_date = {{birth date|1936|8|17}} | birth_place = [[Jambi]], Hindia Belanda | death_date = {{death date and age|2024|1|12|1936|8|17}} | death_place = [[Jakarta]], Indonesia | nationality = [[Indonesia]] | party = | spouse = | relations = | children = | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} '''H. Azhari DS.''' (17 Agustus 1936 - 12 Januari 2024) minangka [[Daftar Walikutha Jambi|Walikhuta Jambi]] periode 1983-1993, panjenenganipun Walikota ingkang misuwur kanthi kontribusi ingkang ageng kangge mbangun [[Kutha Jambi]] ing jamanipun.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.detik.com/sumbagsel/berita/d-7137547/mantan-wali-kota-jambi-2-periode-azhari-ds-meninggal-pemkot-berduka|title=Mantan Wali Kota Jambi 2 Periode Azhari DS Meninggal, Pemkot Berduka|last=Almunanda|first=Ferdi|website=detiksumbagsel|language=id-ID|access-date=2024-05-19|archive-date=2024-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519170054/https://www.detik.com/sumbagsel/berita/d-7137547/mantan-wali-kota-jambi-2-periode-azhari-ds-meninggal-pemkot-berduka|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dhèwèké lair tanggal 17 Agustus 1936<ref name=":0"/> lan séda tanggal 12 Januari 2024 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jambiindependent.bacakoran.co/read/3665/breaking-news-mantan-walikota-jambi-ashari-ds-tutup-usia|title=BREAKING NEWS: Mantan Walikota Jambi Ashari DS Tutup Usia|last=jambikoran.com|website=jambikoran.com|language=id|access-date=2024-05-19}}</ref> jam 05.00 WIB ing [[Jakartah|Jakarta]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://infopublik.id/kategori/nusantara/815901/kota-jambi-berduka-mantan-wali-kota-azhari-d-s-berpulang|title=InfoPublik - Kota Jambi Berduka, Mantan Wali Kota Azhari D.S Berpulang|website=infopublik.id|language=id|access-date=2024-05-19}}</ref> == Pengabdian == Dhèwèké kondhang banget pengabdian lan bisa dipercaya ing ngayahi jabatané. Dhèwèké minangka birokrat sing nduweni kasetyan dhuwur marang negara, tegas, cerdas lan inovatif. Dhèwèké miwiti akeh tonggak pembangunan sajrone kepemimpinane. Salah sijine yaiku perluasan pembangunan ing wilayah Kutha Jambi ing sakupenge komplek kantor Walikota ing wilayah Kota Baru Pemerintah pusat wiwit mbikak [[Kutha Jambi|Kota Jambi]] ing jaman biyen amarga bisa nggawa Kutha Jambi supaya bisa sukses lan nampa penghargaan saka pemerintah pusat, kalebu langsung saka presiden. Iki mesthi gawe bangga banget Kota Jambi wektu iku.<ref name=":1"/> == Referensi == <references /> [[Kategori:Lair 1936]] [[Kategori:Pati 2024]] [[Kategori:Jambi]] [[Kategori:Walikutha Jambi]] cct4lrut7cga2e9l3vyk4lw8m7mv9p0 0 196770 1731552 1706009 2025-07-03T19:21:10Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Bakso beranak|ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦧꦼꦂꦄꦤꦏ꧀}} [[Barkas:Bakso Beranak.jpg|jmpl|ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦧꦼꦫꦤꦏ꧀ꦱꦶꦁꦧꦼꦫꦶꦱꦶꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦭꦶꦪꦤꦺꦱꦶꦁꦧꦼꦫꦸꦏꦸꦫꦤ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀]] ꧋'''ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦧꦼꦂꦄꦤꦏ꧀'''ꦲꦸꦠꦮ'''ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦆꦱꦶ'''ꦪꦲꦶꦏꦸꦱꦼꦧꦸꦮꦃꦲꦶꦢꦔꦤ꧀ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪꦱꦶꦁꦠꦼꦂꦢꦶꦫꦶꦱꦏꦱꦼꦧꦸꦮꦃ[[ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴ]](ꦲꦶꦁꦲꦸꦏꦸꦫꦤ꧀ꦧꦶꦪꦱꦲꦸꦠꦮꦧꦼꦫꦸꦏꦸꦫꦤ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦒꦼꦢꦺꦱꦏꦲꦸꦏꦸꦫꦤ꧀ꦧꦶꦪꦱ)ꦱꦶꦁꦧꦒꦺꦪꦤ꧀ꦗꦼꦫꦺꦴꦤꦺꦢꦶꦲꦶꦱꦶꦏꦫꦺꦴꦩꦕꦺꦩ꧀ꦩꦕꦺꦩ꧀ꦗꦶꦤꦶꦱ꧀ꦧꦲꦤ꧀ꦥꦔꦤꦤ꧀ꦕꦻꦂ꧈[[ꦒꦺꦭ꧀]]ꦲꦸꦠꦮꦥꦢꦼꦠ꧀ꦱꦶꦁꦧꦼꦫꦸꦏꦸꦫꦤ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀‌ꦏꦪꦠ[[ꦏꦺꦗꦸꦕ꧀ꦲꦺꦪꦺꦢꦂ]]꧈[[ꦏꦺꦗꦸꦩꦺꦴꦗ꦳ꦫꦺꦭ꧀ꦭ]]꧈[[ꦕꦧꦻ]]꧈[[ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀]]꧈[[ꦠꦲꦸ]]꧈[[ꦱꦺꦴꦱꦶꦱ꧀]]꧈[[ꦗꦩꦸꦂ]]꧈ꦢꦒꦶꦁꦕꦶꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ꧈[[ꦧꦏ꧀ꦩꦶ]]꧈ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦭꦶꦪꦤꦺꦱꦶꦁꦧꦼꦫꦸꦏꦸꦫꦤ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀‌꧈ꦭꦤ꧀ꦭꦶꦪꦭꦶꦪꦤꦺ꧉<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://food.detik.com/info-kuliner/d-3766632/ada-bakso-beranak-hingga-bakso-buaya-yang-ngehits-di-tahun-ini |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-07-17 |archive-date=2022-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224135934/https://food.detik.com/info-kuliner/d-3766632/ada-bakso-beranak-hingga-bakso-buaya-yang-ngehits-di-tahun-ini |url-status=dead }}</ref>ꦩꦶꦤꦸꦫꦸꦠ꧀[https://kompas.com kompas.com]꧈ꦗꦶꦤꦶꦱ꧀ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦏꦱꦺꦧꦸꦠ꧀ꦩꦶꦮꦶꦠꦶꦢꦶꦒꦮꦺꦢꦺꦤꦶꦁꦧꦶꦒ꧀ꦧꦏ꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦥ꦳ꦩꦶꦭꦶꦩꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀ꦲꦺꦴꦢꦶꦁꦱꦶꦁꦢꦶꦧꦸꦏꦱꦮꦶꦱꦺ꧇꧒꧐꧑꧓꧇<ref>https://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/07/17/200200727/kisah-perjuangan-di-balik-terciptanya-tren-bakso-beranak-?page=all</ref> == ꦫꦺꦥ꦳ꦺꦫꦺꦤ꧀ꦱꦶ == {{reflist}} {{makanan-indonesia-stub}} [[Kategori:Bakso]] [[Kategori:ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ]] ingef394vfq5mrjf7ioyxu6enjx1esy 0 196960 1731553 1715409 2025-07-03T19:45:12Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1731553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Mural|ꦩꦸꦫꦭ꧀}} ꧋'''ꦩꦸꦫꦭ꧀'''ꦩꦶꦤꦁꦏꦕꦫꦏꦁꦒꦺꦴ[[ꦔ꧀ꦒꦩ꧀ꦧꦂ]]ꦲꦸꦠꦮꦔ꧀ꦭꦸꦏꦶꦱ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦩꦺꦝꦶꦪꦠꦺꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦲꦸꦠꦮꦥꦭꦸꦩꦲꦤ꧀ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦭꦶꦪꦤꦺ꧉ ꧋ꦧꦺꦢꦱꦏ[[ꦒꦿꦥ꦳ꦶꦠꦶ]]ꦏꦁꦩꦸꦁꦤꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦱꦏꦺꦲꦶꦱꦶꦤꦶꦁ[[ꦠꦸꦭꦶꦱꦤ꧀]]ꦭꦤ꧀ꦲꦏꦺꦃꦲꦏꦺꦃꦲꦺꦢꦶꦒꦮꦺꦱꦏ[[ꦕꦺꦠ꧀ꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦿꦺꦴꦠ꧀]]꧈ꦩꦸꦫꦭ꧀ꦩꦸꦫꦭ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦩꦂꦢꦶꦏꦭꦤ꧀ꦧꦶꦱꦔ꧀ꦒꦸꦤꦏꦏꦺ[[ꦕꦺꦠ꧀ꦠꦺꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦴꦏ꧀]]ꦲꦸꦠꦮ[[ꦕꦺꦠ꧀ꦏꦪꦸ]]ꦭꦤ꧀ꦲꦸꦒ[[ꦕꦺꦠ꧀]]ꦮꦂꦤꦏꦪꦠ[[ꦏꦥꦸꦂ]]ꦲꦸꦠꦮꦥꦶꦫꦤ꧀ꦠꦶꦭꦶꦪꦤꦺꦏꦁꦧꦶꦱꦔꦱꦶꦭꦏꦺ[[ꦒꦩ꧀ꦧꦂ]]꧉ <ref>{{Cite web|last=Kusuma|first=Putri Tiah Hadi|title=Mural: Pengertian, Sejarah, dan Perbedaannya dengan Grafiti|url=https://www.detik.com/edu/detikpedia/d-6484443/mural-pengertian-sejarah-dan-perbedaannya-dengan-grafiti|website=detikedu|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-03-10|archive-date=2023-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603051216/https://www.detik.com/edu/detikpedia/d-6484443/mural-pengertian-sejarah-dan-perbedaannya-dengan-grafiti|url-status=dead}}</ref> == ꦲꦸꦒꦢꦼꦊꦔꦼꦤ꧀ == {{Commons category|Murals}} * [[ꦒꦿꦥ꦳ꦶꦠꦶ]] * [[ꦕꦺꦠ꧀]] * [[ꦔ꧀ꦒꦩ꧀ꦧꦂ]] * [[ꦭꦸꦏꦶꦱꦤ꧀]] ==ꦫꦺꦥ꦳ꦺꦤꦺꦤ꧀ꦱꦶ== {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Lukisan]] [[Kategori:Murals| ]] [[Kategori:ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ]] n5eg86h4zb42x8ygouobpebbh7e7l8p 2 198564 1731548 1731151 2025-07-03T18:32:29Z Nerissa Lyra 65639 1731548 wikitext text/x-wiki <center> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center;" !Date !Time !Location !Activity !Participants !Image |- | align="center" | '''1 July 2025''' | align="center" | 12:30 PM – 1:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Ndalem Jayadipuran (Keparakan Village, Mergangsan District, Yogyakarta City). | align="center" | Coordination with institutions that own Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''2 July 2025''' | align="center" | 12:30 PM – 1:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Coordination with institutions that own Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''3 July 2025''' | align="center" | ... PM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | | align="center" | Coordination of the digitization process. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''4–5 July 2025''' | align="center" | 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Digitization process of Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 6 July 2025 | align="center" | ... PM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | | align="center" | Coordination of Wiyata Pustaka preparation. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | rowspan="2" align="center" | 7 July 2025 | rowspan="2" align="center" | 3:30 PM – 5:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Creation of participant registration publications for Wiyata Pustaka. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | align="center" | Pandeyan Village, Jatinom District, Klaten Regency. | align="center" | Creation of participant registration forms for Wiyata Pustaka. | align="left" | <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> |- | align="center" | 8 July 2025 | align="center" | 2:30 PM – 3:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Creation of Wikidata items. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 9 July 2025 | align="center" | 2:30 PM – 3:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Bangunharjo Village, Sewon District, Bantul Regency. | align="center" | Creation of Wikidata items. | align="left" | <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 10 July 2025 | align="center" | 3:00 PM – 5:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Selection process for Wiyata Pustaka participants. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''7–10 July 2025''' | align="center" | 8:00 AM – 1:00 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Digitization process of Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''12 July 2025''' | align="center" | 10:00 AM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | Building B8, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Semarang (Sekaran Village, Gunungpati District, Semarang City). | align="center" | Wiyata Pustaka Workshop. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- |} <center/> {{commons category|Pustakatama timeline}} ftsfxpfk492hb0d2nxzylmacc53f33n 1731549 1731548 2025-07-03T18:35:08Z Nerissa Lyra 65639 1731549 wikitext text/x-wiki <center> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center;" !Date !Time !Location !Activity !Participants !Image |- | align="center" | '''1 July 2025''' | align="center" | 12:30 PM – 1:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Ndalem Jayadipuran (Keparakan Village, Mergangsan District, Yogyakarta City). | align="center" | Coordination with institutions that own Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''2 July 2025''' | align="center" | 12:30 PM – 1:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Coordination with institutions that own Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''3 July 2025''' | align="center" | ... PM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | | align="center" | Coordination of the digitization process. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''4–5 July 2025''' | align="center" | 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Digitization process of Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 6 July 2025 | align="center" | ... PM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | | align="center" | Coordination of Wiyata Pustaka preparation. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | rowspan="2" align="center" | 7 July 2025 | rowspan="2" align="center" | 3:30 PM – 5:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Creation of participant registration publications for Wiyata Pustaka. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | align="center" | Pandeyan Village, Jatinom District, Klaten Regency. | align="center" | Creation of participant registration forms for Wiyata Pustaka. | align="left" | <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> |- | align="center" | 8 July 2025 | align="center" | 2:30 PM – 3:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Creation of Wikidata items. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 9 July 2025 | align="center" | 2:30 PM – 3:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Bangunharjo Village, Sewon District, Bantul Regency. | align="center" | Creation of Wikidata items. | align="left" | <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 10 July 2025 | align="center" | 3:00 PM – 5:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Selection process for Wiyata Pustaka participants. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | rowspan="4" align="center" | '''7–10 July 2025''' | align="center" | 8:00 AM – 1:00 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Digitization process of Javanese library collections. | rowspan="4" align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | rowspan="3" align="center" |7:00 PM – 9:00 PM | rowspan="3" align="center" |Each volunteer’s home. | rowspan="3" align="center" |Indexing files to Wikisource. | align="center" | |- | align="center" | |- | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''12 July 2025''' | align="center" | 10:00 AM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | Building B8, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Semarang (Sekaran Village, Gunungpati District, Semarang City). | align="center" | Wiyata Pustaka Workshop. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- |} <center/> {{commons category|Pustakatama timeline}} srjbw34k7gci53m324z7wt5d07mbs6p 1731550 1731549 2025-07-03T18:39:57Z Nerissa Lyra 65639 1731550 wikitext text/x-wiki <center> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center;" !Date !Time !Location !Activity !Participants !Image |- | align="center" | '''1 July 2025''' | align="center" | 12:30 PM – 1:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Ndalem Jayadipuran (Keparakan Village, Mergangsan District, Yogyakarta City). | align="center" | Coordination with institutions that own Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''2 July 2025''' | align="center" | 12:30 PM – 1:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Coordination with institutions that own Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''3 July 2025''' | align="center" | ... PM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | | align="center" | Coordination of the digitization process. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''4–5 July 2025''' | align="center" | 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Digitization process of Javanese library collections. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 6 July 2025 | align="center" | ... PM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | | align="center" | Coordination of Wiyata Pustaka preparation. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | rowspan="2" align="center" | 7 July 2025 | rowspan="2" align="center" | 3:30 PM – 5:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Creation of participant registration publications for Wiyata Pustaka. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | align="center" | Pandeyan Village, Jatinom District, Klaten Regency. | align="center" | Creation of participant registration forms for Wiyata Pustaka. | align="left" | <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> |- | align="center" | 8 July 2025 | align="center" | 2:30 PM – 3:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Creation of Wikidata items. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 9 July 2025 | align="center" | 2:30 PM – 3:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Bangunharjo Village, Sewon District, Bantul Regency. | align="center" | Creation of Wikidata items. | align="left" | <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | align="center" | 10 July 2025 | align="center" | 3:00 PM – 5:30 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency. | align="center" | Selection process for Wiyata Pustaka participants. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] | align="center" | |- | rowspan="5" align="center" | '''7–10 July 2025''' | align="center" | 8:00 AM – 1:00 PM (WIB) | align="center" | Artati Library (Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency). | align="center" | Digitization process of Javanese library collections. | rowspan="5" align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- | rowspan="4" align="center" |7:00 PM – 9:00 PM | rowspan="4" align="center" |Each volunteer’s home. | rowspan="4" align="center" |Indexing files to Wikisource. | align="center" | |- | align="center" | |- | align="center" | |- | align="center" | |- | align="center" | '''12 July 2025''' | align="center" | 10:00 AM – ... PM (WIB) | align="center" | Building B8, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Semarang (Sekaran Village, Gunungpati District, Semarang City). | align="center" | Wiyata Pustaka Workshop. | align="left" | * [[User:Nerissa Lyra|Erlyndita Setyawardani]] * [[User:Titah Sawantah|Dandung Adityo Argo Prasetyo]] <!-- * [[User:Sam Hidayat|Sahmu Hidayat]] --> <!-- * [[User:Nefrit Lazurit|Fandy Aprianto Rohman]] --> | align="center" | |- |} <center/> {{commons category|Pustakatama timeline}} nurqurttyomqmvgxff3w0maxn11m2g5 0 198796 1731589 1731070 2025-07-04T06:12:55Z Sdsecret 66712 1731589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Center|<b> Lagu Kebangsaan Oblast Sakhalin </b> [[File:National Anthem of Sakhalin Oblast.ogg|Sakhalin Oblast Anthem]] <br> [[File:Flag of Sakhalin Oblast.svg|Flag of Sakhalin oblast.|25 px]] <b>[[Oblast Sakhalin]]</b> <br> Dening/Dinyanyikan: Sumishevskii Iaroslav}} == Lirik == {| class="wikitable" !Basa Ruslan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://youtube/EsegNjTma5E?si=BoPn1h7gVYAvIbNs|title=Youtube}}</ref> !Latin !Basa Inggris |- |1 куплет Где рассвет над страной полон жизненной силы, Где в объятиях стихии живёт человек, Выступают грядой Сахалин и Курилы. Время новых свершений берёт свой разбег. Островная земля, реки, сопки, долины. Вся от края до края щедра и добра. Дарит недра она и морские глубины. Мы поём этот гимн в вашу честь, острова. Припев: Этот гимн океанским нахлынет приливом. Пусть услышат его и вблизи и вдали. Сахалин, отделённый Татарским проливом, Ты - начало Великой российской земли. 2 куплет Здесь в едином строю и моряк и учитель. Всех достойных призваний и знаний не счесть. Держат вахту свою и шахтер и строитель. Этот гимн, острова, мы поём в вашу честь. Вашим будням хвала, вашим подвигам - слава! Дух могучий с Отчизной во век не делим! Этот гимн острова вам поёт вся держава. Вы пред Богом едины, под флагом одним! Припев: Этот гимн океанским нахлынет приливом. Пусть услышат его и вблизи и вдали. Сахалин, отделённый Татарским проливом, Ты - начало Великой российской земли. Этот гимн океанским нахлынет приливом. Пусть услышат его и вблизи и вдали. Сахалин, отделённый Татарским проливом, Ты - начало Великой российской земли. |1 kuplet Gde rassvet nad stranoi polon zhiznennoi sily, Gde v obieiatiiakh stikhii zhivet chelovek, Vystupaiut griadoi Sakhalin i Kurily. Vremia novykh svershenii beret svoi razbeg. Ostrovnaia zemlia, reki, sopki, doliny. Vsia ot kraia do kraia shchedra i dobra. Darit nedra ona i morskie glubiny. My poem etot gimn v vashu chest-, ostrova. Pripev: Etot gimn okeanskim nakhlynet prilivom. Pust- uslyshat ego i vblizi i vdali. Sakhalin, otdelennyi Tatarskim prolivom, Ty - nachalo Velikoi rossiiskoi zemli. 2 kuplet Zdes- v edinom stroiu i moriak i uchitel-. Vsekh dostoinykh prizvanii i znanii ne schest-. Derzhat vakhtu svoiu i shakhter i stroitel-. Etot gimn, ostrova, my poem v vashu chest-. Vashim budniam khvala, vashim podvigam - slava! Dukh moguchii s Otchiznoi vo vek ne delim! Etot gimn ostrova vam poet vsia derzhava. Vy pred Bogom ediny, pod flagom odnim! Pripev: Etot gimn okeanskim nakhlynet prilivom. Pust- uslyshat ego i vblizi i vdali. Sakhalin, otdelennyi Tatarskim prolivom, Ty - nachalo Velikoi rossiiskoi zemli. Etot gimn okeanskim nakhlynet prilivom. Pust- uslyshat ego i vblizi i vdali. Sakhalin, otdelennyi Tatarskim prolivom, Ty - nachalo Velikoi rossiiskoi zemli. |Verse 1 Where the dawn over the country is full of vitality, Where a man lives in the arms of the elements, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands stand in a ridge. The time of new achievements takes its run. The island land, rivers, hills, valleys. All from edge to edge is generous and kind. It gives its bowels and sea depths. We sing this hymn in your honor, islands. Chorus: This hymn will wash over like an ocean tide. Let them hear it both near and far. Sakhalin, separated by the Tatar Strait, You are the beginning of the Great Russian land. Verse 2 Here in a single line are both a sailor and a teacher. All worthy callings and knowledge are countless. The miner and the builder keep their watch. We sing this hymn, islands, in your honor. Praise to your everyday life, glory to your exploits! Mighty spirit with the Fatherland we will never share! The whole state sings this island anthem to you. You are one before God, under one flag! Chorus: This anthem will wash over you like an ocean tide. Let them hear it both near and far. Sakhalin, separated by the Tatar Strait, You are the beginning of the Great Russian land. This anthem will wash over you like an ocean tide. Let them hear it both near and far. Sakhalin, separated by the Tatar Strait, You are the beginning of the Great Russian land. |} == Referensi == <references />{{Nationalanthemsofasia}} s91fddtpiltcevdgqrb4s54im2x1anm 0 198830 1731583 2025-07-04T05:29:06Z Sdsecret 66712 Kaca anyar: {{Center|Гимн Крыма ([[Basa Ruslan|Ruslan]]) Гімн Криму ([[Basa Ukraina|Ukraina]]) Къырым Гимни ([[Basa Tatar Krimea]])}}<center>'''National anthem of the (Autonomous) Republic of Crimea''' '''Lagu Kabangsan [[Republik Otonom Kriméa|Republik Otonom Krimea]]''' </center> === Lirik === Olga Golubeva === Musik === Alemdar Karamanov === Diadopsi === 2000 == Lirik<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://anthems.fandom.com/wiki/Anthem_of_Crimea|title=Anthem of C... 1731583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Center|Гимн Крыма ([[Basa Ruslan|Ruslan]]) Гімн Криму ([[Basa Ukraina|Ukraina]]) Къырым Гимни ([[Basa Tatar Krimea]])}}<center>'''National anthem of the (Autonomous) Republic of Crimea''' '''Lagu Kabangsan [[Republik Otonom Kriméa|Republik Otonom Krimea]]''' </center> === Lirik === Olga Golubeva === Musik === Alemdar Karamanov === Diadopsi === 2000 == Lirik<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://anthems.fandom.com/wiki/Anthem_of_Crimea|title=Anthem of Crimea|website=Anthempedia|language=en|access-date=2025-07-04}}</ref> == === Basa Ruslan === {| class="wikitable" !Aksara Kiril !Transliterasi Turkik ![[Transliterasi]] |- |Нивы и горы твои волшебны, Родина, Солнце и море твои целебны, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И внукам оставим цветущий, как сад, Крым, Цветущий, как сад, Крым! Зори свободы тебя согрели, Родина, Братья-народы тебя воспели, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И вместе, крымчане, прославим в веках Крым, Прославим в веках Крым! Славься, Крым! |Nivı i gorı tvoyi volşebnı, Rodina, Solntse i more tvoyi tselebnı, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vnukam ostavim tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım, Tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım! Zori svobodı tebä sogreli, Rodina, Bratyä-narodı tebä vospeli, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vmeste, krımçane, proslavim v vekah Krım, Proslavim v vekah Krım! Slavysä, Krım! |Nivy i gory tvoi volšebny, Rodina, Solnce i more tvoi celebny, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vnukam ostavim cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym, Cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym! Zori svobody tebja sogreli, Rodina, Bratʹja-narody tebja vospeli, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vmeste, krymčane, proslavim v vekah Krym, Proslavim v vekah Krym! Slavʹsja, Krym! |} === Basa Ukraina === {| class="wikitable" !Cyrillic script !Common Turkic Romanization !Transliterasi ALA-LC |- |Ниви і гори твої чарівні, Батьківщино, Сонце і море твої цілющі, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І онукам залишімо квітучий, як сад, Крим, Квітучий, як сад, Крим! Зорі волі тебе зігріли, Батьківщино, Брати-народи тебе оспівали, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І разом, кримчани, прославімо в століттях Крим, Прославімо в століттях Крим! Слався, Криме! |Nıvı i ğorı tvoyi çarivni, Batykivşçıno, Sontse i more tvoyi tsilüşçi, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ onukam zalışimo kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım, Kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım! Zori voli tebe ziğrilı, Batykivşçıno, Bratı-narodı tebe ospivalı, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ razom, krımçanı, proslavimo v stolittâh Krım, Proslavimo v stolittâh Krım! Slavsâ, Krıme! |Nivi і gori tvoi charіvnі, Bat-kіvshchino, Sontse і more tvoi tsіliushchі, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І onukam zalishіmo kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim, Kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim! Zorі volі tebe zіgrіli, Bat-kіvshchino, Brati-narodi tebe ospіvali, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І razom, krimchani, proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim, Proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim! Slavsia, Krime! |} === Tatar Krimea === == Referensi == mitgyxsdpugl0eerzkifsjzyb0xfv1x 1731585 1731583 2025-07-04T05:39:53Z Sdsecret 66712 1731585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Center|Гимн Крыма ([[Basa Ruslan|Ruslan]]) Гімн Криму ([[Basa Ukraina|Ukraina]]) Къырым Гимни ([[Basa Tatar Krimea]])}}<center>'''National anthem of the (Autonomous) Republic of Crimea''' '''Lagu Kabangsan [[Republik Otonom Kriméa|Republik Otonom Krimea]]'''[[Barkas:Crimea anthem audio.mp3|pus|jmpl|Instrumental Digital]] </center> === Lirik === Olga Golubeva === Musik === Alemdar Karamanov === Diadopsi === 2000 [[Barkas:Гимн Республики Крым.ogg|jmpl|Instrumental]] == Lirik<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://anthems.fandom.com/wiki/Anthem_of_Crimea|title=Anthem of Crimea|website=Anthempedia|language=en|access-date=2025-07-04}}</ref> == === Basa Ruslan === [[Barkas:Anthem of Republic of Crimea.ogg|jmpl|Vokal]] {| class="wikitable" !Aksara Kiril !Transliterasi Turkik ![[Transliterasi]] |- |Нивы и горы твои волшебны, Родина, Солнце и море твои целебны, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И внукам оставим цветущий, как сад, Крым, Цветущий, как сад, Крым! Зори свободы тебя согрели, Родина, Братья-народы тебя воспели, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И вместе, крымчане, прославим в веках Крым, Прославим в веках Крым! Славься, Крым! |Nivı i gorı tvoyi volşebnı, Rodina, Solntse i more tvoyi tselebnı, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vnukam ostavim tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım, Tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım! Zori svobodı tebä sogreli, Rodina, Bratyä-narodı tebä vospeli, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vmeste, krımçane, proslavim v vekah Krım, Proslavim v vekah Krım! Slavysä, Krım! |Nivy i gory tvoi volšebny, Rodina, Solnce i more tvoi celebny, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vnukam ostavim cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym, Cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym! Zori svobody tebja sogreli, Rodina, Bratʹja-narody tebja vospeli, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vmeste, krymčane, proslavim v vekah Krym, Proslavim v vekah Krym! Slavʹsja, Krym! |} === Basa Ukraina === {| class="wikitable" !Cyrillic script !Common Turkic Romanization !Transliterasi ALA-LC |- |Ниви і гори твої чарівні, Батьківщино, Сонце і море твої цілющі, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І онукам залишімо квітучий, як сад, Крим, Квітучий, як сад, Крим! Зорі волі тебе зігріли, Батьківщино, Брати-народи тебе оспівали, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І разом, кримчани, прославімо в століттях Крим, Прославімо в століттях Крим! Слався, Криме! |Nıvı i ğorı tvoyi çarivni, Batykivşçıno, Sontse i more tvoyi tsilüşçi, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ onukam zalışimo kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım, Kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım! Zori voli tebe ziğrilı, Batykivşçıno, Bratı-narodı tebe ospivalı, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ razom, krımçanı, proslavimo v stolittâh Krım, Proslavimo v stolittâh Krım! Slavsâ, Krıme! |Nivi і gori tvoi charіvnі, Bat-kіvshchino, Sontse і more tvoi tsіliushchі, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І onukam zalishіmo kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim, Kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim! Zorі volі tebe zіgrіli, Bat-kіvshchino, Brati-narodi tebe ospіvali, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І razom, krimchani, proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim, Proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim! Slavsia, Krime! |} === Tatar Krimea === == Referensi == 7rc0x42zrotmpj59sid8ahdhvdr77fk 1731586 1731585 2025-07-04T05:42:43Z Sdsecret 66712 /* Tatar Krimea */ 1731586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Center|Гимн Крыма ([[Basa Ruslan|Ruslan]]) Гімн Криму ([[Basa Ukraina|Ukraina]]) Къырым Гимни ([[Basa Tatar Krimea]])}}<center>'''National anthem of the (Autonomous) Republic of Crimea''' '''Lagu Kabangsan [[Republik Otonom Kriméa|Republik Otonom Krimea]]'''[[Barkas:Crimea anthem audio.mp3|pus|jmpl|Instrumental Digital]] </center> === Lirik === Olga Golubeva === Musik === Alemdar Karamanov === Diadopsi === 2000 [[Barkas:Гимн Республики Крым.ogg|jmpl|Instrumental]] == Lirik<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://anthems.fandom.com/wiki/Anthem_of_Crimea|title=Anthem of Crimea|website=Anthempedia|language=en|access-date=2025-07-04}}</ref> == === Basa Ruslan === [[Barkas:Anthem of Republic of Crimea.ogg|jmpl|Vokal]] {| class="wikitable" !Aksara Kiril !Transliterasi Turkik ![[Transliterasi]] |- |Нивы и горы твои волшебны, Родина, Солнце и море твои целебны, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И внукам оставим цветущий, как сад, Крым, Цветущий, как сад, Крым! Зори свободы тебя согрели, Родина, Братья-народы тебя воспели, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И вместе, крымчане, прославим в веках Крым, Прославим в веках Крым! Славься, Крым! |Nivı i gorı tvoyi volşebnı, Rodina, Solntse i more tvoyi tselebnı, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vnukam ostavim tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım, Tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım! Zori svobodı tebä sogreli, Rodina, Bratyä-narodı tebä vospeli, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vmeste, krımçane, proslavim v vekah Krım, Proslavim v vekah Krım! Slavysä, Krım! |Nivy i gory tvoi volšebny, Rodina, Solnce i more tvoi celebny, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vnukam ostavim cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym, Cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym! Zori svobody tebja sogreli, Rodina, Bratʹja-narody tebja vospeli, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vmeste, krymčane, proslavim v vekah Krym, Proslavim v vekah Krym! Slavʹsja, Krym! |} === Basa Ukraina === {| class="wikitable" !Cyrillic script !Common Turkic Romanization !Transliterasi ALA-LC |- |Ниви і гори твої чарівні, Батьківщино, Сонце і море твої цілющі, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І онукам залишімо квітучий, як сад, Крим, Квітучий, як сад, Крим! Зорі волі тебе зігріли, Батьківщино, Брати-народи тебе оспівали, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І разом, кримчани, прославімо в століттях Крим, Прославімо в століттях Крим! Слався, Криме! |Nıvı i ğorı tvoyi çarivni, Batykivşçıno, Sontse i more tvoyi tsilüşçi, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ onukam zalışimo kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım, Kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım! Zori voli tebe ziğrilı, Batykivşçıno, Bratı-narodı tebe ospivalı, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ razom, krımçanı, proslavimo v stolittâh Krım, Proslavimo v stolittâh Krım! Slavsâ, Krıme! |Nivi і gori tvoi charіvnі, Bat-kіvshchino, Sontse і more tvoi tsіliushchі, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І onukam zalishіmo kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim, Kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim! Zorі volі tebe zіgrіli, Bat-kіvshchino, Brati-narodi tebe ospіvali, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І razom, krimchani, proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim, Proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim! Slavsia, Krime! |} === Tatar Krimea === == Alihbasa == Tegal lan gunungmu sing nggumunake, dhuh Tanah Air, Srengenge lan segara sing sehat, O Motherland. Kita njaga tanah iki Bakal diterusake menyang kembang mekar, kaya taman, Crimea, Mekar, kaya taman, Crimea! Sampeyan anget esuke kamardikan, O Motherland, Kowe iku sedulur sing mulya, dhuh Tanah Air. Kita njaga tanah iki Lan bebarengan, Crimea, kita bakal memuji Crimea kanggo abad! Puji Crimea nganti pirang-pirang abad! Kamulyan kanggo Crimea! == Referensi == novpyz76qa7026i6vli8gdi94hl2fwt 1731587 1731586 2025-07-04T05:43:38Z Sdsecret 66712 /* Alihbasa */ 1731587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Center|Гимн Крыма ([[Basa Ruslan|Ruslan]]) Гімн Криму ([[Basa Ukraina|Ukraina]]) Къырым Гимни ([[Basa Tatar Krimea]])}}<center>'''National anthem of the (Autonomous) Republic of Crimea''' '''Lagu Kabangsan [[Republik Otonom Kriméa|Republik Otonom Krimea]]'''[[Barkas:Crimea anthem audio.mp3|pus|jmpl|Instrumental Digital]] </center> === Lirik === Olga Golubeva === Musik === Alemdar Karamanov === Diadopsi === 2000 [[Barkas:Гимн Республики Крым.ogg|jmpl|Instrumental]] == Lirik<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://anthems.fandom.com/wiki/Anthem_of_Crimea|title=Anthem of Crimea|website=Anthempedia|language=en|access-date=2025-07-04}}</ref> == === Basa Ruslan === [[Barkas:Anthem of Republic of Crimea.ogg|jmpl|Vokal]] {| class="wikitable" !Aksara Kiril !Transliterasi Turkik ![[Transliterasi]] |- |Нивы и горы твои волшебны, Родина, Солнце и море твои целебны, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И внукам оставим цветущий, как сад, Крым, Цветущий, как сад, Крым! Зори свободы тебя согрели, Родина, Братья-народы тебя воспели, Родина. Эту землю мы сохраним И вместе, крымчане, прославим в веках Крым, Прославим в веках Крым! Славься, Крым! |Nivı i gorı tvoyi volşebnı, Rodina, Solntse i more tvoyi tselebnı, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vnukam ostavim tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım, Tsvetuştsiy, kak sad, Krım! Zori svobodı tebä sogreli, Rodina, Bratyä-narodı tebä vospeli, Rodina. Etu zemlü mı sohranim İ vmeste, krımçane, proslavim v vekah Krım, Proslavim v vekah Krım! Slavysä, Krım! |Nivy i gory tvoi volšebny, Rodina, Solnce i more tvoi celebny, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vnukam ostavim cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym, Cvetuŝij, kak sad, Krym! Zori svobody tebja sogreli, Rodina, Bratʹja-narody tebja vospeli, Rodina. Ètu zemlju my sohranim I vmeste, krymčane, proslavim v vekah Krym, Proslavim v vekah Krym! Slavʹsja, Krym! |} === Basa Ukraina === {| class="wikitable" !Cyrillic script !Common Turkic Romanization !Transliterasi ALA-LC |- |Ниви і гори твої чарівні, Батьківщино, Сонце і море твої цілющі, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І онукам залишімо квітучий, як сад, Крим, Квітучий, як сад, Крим! Зорі волі тебе зігріли, Батьківщино, Брати-народи тебе оспівали, Батьківщино. Цю землю ми збережімо І разом, кримчани, прославімо в століттях Крим, Прославімо в століттях Крим! Слався, Криме! |Nıvı i ğorı tvoyi çarivni, Batykivşçıno, Sontse i more tvoyi tsilüşçi, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ onukam zalışimo kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım, Kvituçıy, yak sad, Krım! Zori voli tebe ziğrilı, Batykivşçıno, Bratı-narodı tebe ospivalı, Batykivşçıno. Tsü zemlü mı zberejimo İ razom, krımçanı, proslavimo v stolittâh Krım, Proslavimo v stolittâh Krım! Slavsâ, Krıme! |Nivi і gori tvoi charіvnі, Bat-kіvshchino, Sontse і more tvoi tsіliushchі, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І onukam zalishіmo kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim, Kvіtuchii, iak sad, Krim! Zorі volі tebe zіgrіli, Bat-kіvshchino, Brati-narodi tebe ospіvali, Bat-kіvshchino. Тsiu zemliu mi zberezhіmo І razom, krimchani, proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim, Proslavіmo v stolіttiakh Krim! Slavsia, Krime! |} === Tatar Krimea === == Alihbasa == Tegal lan gunungmu sing nggumunake, dhuh Tanah Air, Srengenge lan segara sing sehat, O Motherland. Kita njaga tanah iki Bakal diterusake menyang kembang mekar, kaya taman, Crimea, Mekar, kaya taman, Crimea! Sampeyan anget esuke kamardikan, O Motherland, Kowe iku sedulur sing mulya, dhuh Tanah Air. Kita njaga tanah iki Lan bebarengan, Crimea, kita bakal memuji Crimea kanggo abad! Puji Crimea nganti pirang-pirang abad! Kamulyan kanggo Crimea! === Betawi/Basa Indonesia Gaul === Ladang dan gunung-gunung ajaibmu, wahai Tanah Air, Matahari dan laut yang sehat, wahai Tanah Air. Tanah ini kite lestariin Bakal ninggalin ke anak cucu yang mekar, kayak taman, Krimea, Mekar, kayak taman, Krimea! Lu menghangatkan fajar kemerdekaan, wahai Tanah Air, Kalian dimuliakan saudara-saudara, wahai Tanah Air. Tanah ini kite lestariin Dan bareng-bareng, Krimea, kita bakalan muji Krimea selama berabad-abad! Puji Krimea selama berabad-abad! Kemuliaan buat Krimea! == Referensi == bq0chfb8mgkn4bhrw1ppcj4psamhhbr 0 198831 1731584 2025-07-04T05:31:47Z Sdsecret 66712 Ngeneraké kaca menyang [[Hymn of Crimea]] 1731584 wikitext text/x-wiki #ALIH [[Hymn of Crimea]] 9g7daqpf9kzwcxocyd30p6lecju9k9v 0 198832 1731593 2025-07-04T06:50:38Z Sdsecret 66712 Digawé kanthi mertal kaca "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1243581022|China Heroically Stands in the Universe]]" 1731593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Chinese|s=中华雄立宇宙间|t=中華雄立宇宙間|p=Zhōnghuá xióng lì yǔzhòu jiān|w=Chunghua Hsiung Li Yüchou Chien}} "'''China Heroically Stands in the Universe'''" iku lagu kebangsaane ROC 1915 ke 1921<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://thechinaproject.com/2021/02/25/one-song-under-heaven/|title=One song under Heaven: A history of China's national anthems|last=Nielsen|first=Mads Vesterager|date=2021-02-25|website=The China Project|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> {{Templat:Lagu Kebangsaan Republik Cina ing 1912-1949}} {| cellpadding="3" !Basa Cina ![[Hanyu Pinyin|Pinyin]] !Terjemahan Inggris |- style="vertical-align:top" |<poem lang="zh-hant"> 中國雄立宇宙間， 廓八埏， 華冑來從崑崙巔， 江湖浩蕩山綿連， 五族共和開堯天， 億萬年 </poem> |<poem lang="zh-latn" style="font-style:italic;"> Zhōngguó xióng lì yǔzhòu jiān, Kuò bā yán, Huá zhòu lái cóng Kūnlún diān, Jiāng hú hào dàng shān mián lián, Wǔzú gònghé kāi yáo tiān, Yì wàn nián. </poem> | <poem> China heroically stands in the universe, Extending to the Eight Corners, Descendants come from [[Kunlun Mountains|Kunlun Peak]]. The rivers turn great and the mountains continue. Five races open up the sky of [[Emperor Yao|Yao]], For many years to come. </poem> |} === Lirik sajrone Kakaisaran China (1916) === {| cellpadding="3" !Traditional Chinese ![[Hanyu Pinyin|Pinyin]] !English translation |- style="vertical-align:top" |<poem lang="zh-hant"> 中國雄立宇宙間， 廓八埏， 華冑來從崑崙巔， 江湖浩蕩山綿連， '''勳華揖讓'''開堯天， 億萬年。 </poem> |<poem lang="zh-latn" style="font-style:italic;"> Zhōngguó xióng lì yǔzhòu jiān, Kuò bā yán, Huá zhòu lái cóng Kūnlún diān, Jiāng hú hào dàng shān mián lián, '''Xūn huá Yī Ràng''' kāi yáo tiān, Yì wàn nián. </poem> | <poem> China heroically stands in the universe, Extending to the Eight Corners, Descendants come from Kunlun Peak. The rivers turn great and the mountains continue. '''Shanrang'''* open up the sky of Yao, For many years to come. </poem> |} * <small>''Shanrang'' (Demise) nyebutake sistem kuna kaisar Cina sing nyerahake jabatane ing jaman Yao lan Shun .</small> === Lirik nalika Republik China (1916–1921) === {| cellpadding="3" !Traditional Chinese ![[Hanyu Pinyin|Pinyin]] !English translation |- style="vertical-align:top" |<poem lang="zh-hant"> 中華雄立宇宙間， 萬萬年！ 保衛人民中不偏， 諸業發達江山固， 四海之內太平年， 萬萬年！<ref name=":0" /> </poem> |<poem lang="zh-latn" style="font-style:italic;"> Zhōnghuá xióng lì yǔzhòu jiān, Wàn wàn nián! Bǎowèi rénmín zhōng bùpiān, Zhūyè fādá jiāngshān gù, Sìhǎi zhī nèi tàipíng nián, Wàn wàn nián!<ref name=":0" /> </poem> | <poem> China heroically stands in the universe, For many years to come. Defend the people with no bias. Industries prosper and the nation is solid. Peace and tranquility within four seas, For many years to come. </poem> |} == Referensi == <references /> {{Reflist}}{{S-start}} {{succession box|title=China Heroically Stands in the Universe|before=[[Tembang kanggo Awan]]<br/>{{nobold|(1912–1915)}}|years=1915–1921|after=[[Tembang kanggo Awan]]<br/>{{nobold|(1921–1928)}}}} {{S-end}}{{Chinese patriotic songs}} [[Kategori:Artikel ngandhut tulisan abasa Cina]] c02ff743f3jwcal3b6ihaqaktqepuy4 3 198833 1731601 2025-07-04T07:44:17Z Ternarius 22386 Ternarius ngalih kaca [[Parembugan Naraguna:Nhoxleminhtien]] menyang [[Parembugan Naraguna:DavidKiharu]]: Otomatis ngalih kaca nalika ngganti jeneng naraguna "[[Special:CentralAuth/Nhoxleminhtien|Nhoxleminhtien]]" dadi "[[Special:CentralAuth/DavidKiharu|DavidKiharu]]" 1731601 wikitext text/x-wiki #ALIH [[Parembugan Naraguna:DavidKiharu]] 625q5jwk0zdjt0ybg1gpxhop7idp2xf