Wikipedia kcgwiki https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1tsak_Wat_Wu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.15 first-letter Media Wat khwo A‌̱lyiat A‌̱tyunta̱m A‌̱lyiat a‌̱tyunta‌̱m Wukipedia A‌̱lyiat Wukipedia Fail A‌̱lyiat fail MediaWiki A‌̱lyiat MediaWiki Ta‌̱mpi‌̱let A‌̱lyiat ta‌̱mpi‌̱let Beang A‌̱lyiat beang Sa A‌̱lyiat nsa TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Suriya 0 746 49154 47493 2026-08-18T04:01:16Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Suriya/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Suriya/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Suriya/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Suriya/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Suriya/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Suriya/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{databox}} {{Country |name = Suriya<br>سُورِيَا (Sūriyā) |flag = Flag of Syria (2025-).svg |coa = Emblem of Syria (2025–present).svg |image = Syria (orthographic projection).svg |capital = |area = 185 180 |population = 17 500 657 |year = 2020 }} A̱byin '''Suriya''' (La̱ra̱ba: سُورِيَا, ''Sūriyā''; Shong: Syria), á̱ lyen di̱ yorong ofisha hu nang '''Ri̱pobi̱lik A̱la̱ra̱ba Suriya''' (La̱ra̱ba: ٱلْجُمْهُورِيَّةُ ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةُ ٱلسُّورِيَّةُ, ''al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah''; Shong: Syrian Arab Republic), yet a̱byin kya di̱ fam a̱byin Jenshyung A̱siya, ka̱ byia̱ gak ma̱ng [[Lebanon]] di̱ fam a̱tak-jenshyung hu, [[Kyai A̱sa̱khwot Meditaroniya]] hu di̱ fam jenshyung hu, [[Turukya]] di̱ fam a̱za hu, [[Irak]] di̱ fam a̱tyin hu, [[Urdun]] di̱ fam a̱tak hu, ma̱ng [[Isi̱rela]] di̱ fam a̱tak-jenshyung hu. A̱keangtung nka ka ma̱ng a̱gba̱ndang a̱keang wu a̱ swak mi̱ shi hu wa yet Da̱maskut. Ka̱ yet a̱byin a̱kpa̱mkpai a̱byin a̱bwum kya, a̱ga̱nga̱ng tsutsok, ma̱ng kyai a̱ji̱jak (tswa a̱yit), ma̱ng nnwap a mbeang susot a̱dini ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t nang nwap ji ji̱ lan yet a̱di̱di̱t wu A̱la̱ra̱ba Suriya ba, Kurudi, Turukmen, A̱suriya, A̱ri̱meniya, Si̱̇rkasiya,<ref>Moshe, Gammer (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=5CVBWjMAtLEC The Caspian Region: The Caucasus]". Vol. 2. Routledge. P. 64. ISBN 978-0-203-00512-5.</ref> Mandiya,<ref>Who cares for the Mandaeans? ''Australian Islamist Monitor.''</ref> ma̱ng A̱helen ba. Susot a̱dini ji, ji̱ja yet Suni ba, Krista, A̱lawit, Druz, Ismaili, Mandiya, Shiya, Salafi, ma̱ng Yazidi ba. A̱la̱ra̱ba ba, bibya yet nwap ji̱ swak mi̱ shi ji, a̱wot Suni ba bibya yet sot a̱dini ji̱ swak ma̱ng shi hu. ==Bwoi a̱lyoot== {{Main|Name of Syria}} Lyuut ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t ku ta̱fang kuntyin a̱lyoot ''Suriya'' hu di̱ swang a̱lyiat [[Luwian]] sa̱ncuri 8 A̱K ji, "Sura/i", a̱wot á̱ si̱ ba̱ khwap nka ka̱ si̱si̱ yet a̱lyoot [[a̱khwukhwop Helen]] ka: {{lang|el|Σύριοι}}, ''{{transliteration|grc|Sýrioi}}'', ku {{lang|el|Σύροι}}, ''{{transliteration|grc|Sýroi}}'', a̱mgba̱m ba neet da̱ a̱tsatsak wu Aššūr ([[Assyria]]) di̱ fam a̱za [[Mesopotamia]] (Irak a̱fwun).<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Rollinger | first1 = Robert | year = 2006 | title = The terms "Assyria" and "Syria" again | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-near-eastern-studies_2006-10_65_4/page/284 | journal = Journal of Near Eastern Studies | volume = 65 | issue = 4| pages = 284–287 | doi = 10.1086/511103 | s2cid = 162760021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Frye | first1 = R. N. | year = 1992 | title = Assyria and Syria: Synonyms | url = https://semanticscholar.org/paper/410d361bda63b8bd5f98f00d03de0fd10ad8e9ce| journal = Journal of Near Eastern Studies | volume = 51 | issue = 4| pages = 281–285 | doi = 10.1086/373570 | s2cid = 161323237 }}</ref> Da̱ a̱kwonu a̱kya, neet di̱ [[Seleucid Empire]] (323–150 BC), this term was also applied to [[The Levant]] neet di̱n jen a̱ja, a̰nyiet Helen ba si̱ tyi̱a ghai kandan mḭng Assyrians a̱ Mesopotamia mbea̱ng Arameans abyin Levant.[48][49] Mainstream modern academic opinion strongly favors the argument that the Greek word is related to the cognate Ἀσσυρία, Assyria, ultimately derived from the Akkadian Aššur.[50] The Greek name appears to correspond to Phoenician ʾšr "Assur", ʾšrym "Assyrians", recorded in the 8th century BC Çineköy inscription.[51] ==Ya̱fang== <references/> {{Bibyin A̱siya}} [[Sa:Bibyin swanta]] [[Sa:Bibyin A̱siya]] [[Sa:Bibyin Jenshyung A̱siya]] 2gdr0fi95p2p0cts2vux3ar77htlrxo Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube 0 4092 49160 45163 2026-08-18T04:07:24Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[London/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[London/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[London/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[London/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[London/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[London/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube''' ({{lang-ro|Delta Dunării}}, {{IPA-ro|ˈdelta ˈdunərij|pron|Ro-Delta Dunării.ogg}}; {{lang-uk|Дельта Дунаю|Deľta Dunaju}}, {{IPA-ro|delʲˈtɑ dʊnɐˈju|pron}}) ji ja yet da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui ji̱ yet sweang ma̱ng shi a̱ni mi̱ [[Yurop]], lilyim [[Da̱li̱ta Voli̱ga]] ji, a̱wot jija swak di̱ shot byian mi̱ vam-a̱byin hu.<ref name=WHS>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/588 Danube Delta – UNESCO World Heritage Centre<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> A̱gba̱ndang kap Da̱li̱ta [[Da̱nube]] wu myiai ma̱ a̱byin [[Romaniya]] ([[Fam Tuli̱kea]]) wa, ma̱ng a̱bada̱dei kap ma̱ a̱byin [[Yuki̱ren]] ([[Obi̱lat Odesa]]).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220304220933/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/europe-north-america/ukraine/ Biosphere Reserves in Ukraine], UNESCO. [Bwuot 2 Zwat A̱taa 2019].</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220509010537/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/europe-north-america/romaniaukraine/danube-delta/ Biosphere Reserves: Danube Delta], UNESCO. [Bwuot 2 Zwat A̱taa 2019].</ref> Shi kyai a̱byin nji nyia̱ kpa̱mkpaan ku bai kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 4,152 (met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,603 ), da̱nang kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 3,446 (met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,331) shyia̱ Romaniya wa a̱ni. Ma̱ng A̱ca̱cet njok Razim–Sinoe (kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,015 ku met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 392, a̱ si̱ byia̱ shi a̱tai a̱sa̱khwot kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 865 ku met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 334), a̱ shyia̱ di̱ fam a̱tak a̱tsak da̱li̱ta hu, a̱wot a̱kuu kyai Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube wu yet kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 5,165 (met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,994) wa. Sot a̱ca̱cet njok Razim–Sinoe ji byia̱ a̱meang ma̱ng a̱tsak da̱li̱ta wu mi̱ lili-a̱byin ma̱ng nkyangswuan na̱ shyia̱ a̱ja a̱ni; ma̱ a̱mgba̱m fam a̱baka̱vwuo huni mun yet [[Lyulyoot A̱ka̱vwuo Nkhang Swanta mi̱ Romaniya|A̱vwuo Nkhang Swanta]] kya. [[File:TulceaDonaudelta2010Video.ogv|thumb|Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube di̱ hyia̱k [[Tuli̱kea]] (2010).]] ==Nkhang-a̱byin ma̱ng jiyoloji == [[File:Danube Delta evolution.gif|325px|thumb|left|Nkhang shyiak Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube na (A̱A̱ 1 – 2015)]] Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube a̱fwun ji ku ntsa a̱ma̱lyim a̱lyia̱ 4000 A̱K kya da̱ a̱ngan a̱sakhwot [[A̱dyundyung Kyai A̱sa̱khwot]] wu jen ji nang kyai a̱sa̱khwot wu si̱ mwai tat shi a̱za hu nang ku shyia̱ a̱ni mi̱ di̱ yong huni. Dyem a̱jijak ku fam a̱ngam a̱sa̱khwot Da̱nube wu nang a̱ghyui ka ku tsa nok da̱li̱ta nka ji a̱ni. Ma̱nang ka̱ nhyat a̱ngam wu ma̱ng á̱kpa̱u nkyang, da̱li̱ta ji si̱ ngaat a̱ byia̱k a̱feam dyem kani lilyim a̱lyia̱ 3500 A̱K, ka̱ sii du ta̱bat nok kpi̱kpuut ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t:<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Giosan |first1=Liviu |last2=Donnelly |first2=Jeffrey P. |last3=Constantinescu |first3=Stefan |last4=Filip |first4=Florin |last5=Ovejanu |first5=Ionut |last6=Vespremeanu-Stroe |first6=Alfred |last7=Vespremeanu |first7=Emil |last8=Duller |first8=Geoff A.T. |title=Young Danube delta documents stable Black Sea level since the middle Holocene: Morphodynamic, paleogeographic, and archaeological implications |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_geology_2006-09_34_9/page/757 |journal=Geology |date=2006 |volume=34 |issue=9 |pages=757–760 |doi=10.1130/G22587.1|bibcode=2006Geo....34..757G }}</ref> nang a̱si̱ Sen George I (3500–1600 A̱K) ka, Sulina (1600–0 A̱K) ka, Sen George II (0 A̱K–a̱zafwun) ka ma̱ng a̱si̱ Hyilya ku Kilya (1600 A̱A̱–a̱zafwun) ka. Á̱ ku si̱ nnok kpi̱kpuut a̱mami ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t jhyang mami a̱ca̱cet njok ma̱ng a̱yaalagun ba shyia̱ di̱ jhyi Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube hu di̱ fam a̱za hu (Hyilya I ma̱ng II) a̱wot si̱ nat di̱ fam a̱tak hu (Dunavat).<ref name=SR83012 /> A̱tyin a̱lyiak [[bibyin-a̱ri̱giwa]] ka ma̱ng ngeang kyai a̱byin hu di̱ sanggak kpi̱kpuut mi̱ da̱li̱ta ji ku neet di̱ ghwut a̱sa̱khwot a̱ri̱giwa hu hwa, zang hu hwa byia̱ a̱meang ma̱ng kak [[sop|susop]] di̱ kham [[Da̱nube]] ji di̱ miliniyom 1 ma̱ng 2 hu.<ref name=NYT91412>{{cite news|title=Comments From Ancient Deforestation, a Delta Is Born|url=http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/14/from-ancient-deforestation-a-delta-is-born/|access-date=Zwat A̱kubunyiung 17, 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=Zwat A̱kubunyiung 14, 2012|author=Rachel Newer}}</ref><ref name=SR83012>{{cite journal|title=Early Anthropogenic Transformation of the Danube-Black Sea System|journal=Scientific Reports|date=Zwat A̱ni̱nai 30, 2012|volume=2|issue=article number 582|pages=582|doi=10.1038/srep00582|author1=Liviu Giosan |author2=Marco J. L. Coolen |author3=Jed O. Kaplan |author4=Stefan Constantinescu |author5=Florin Filip |author6=Mariana Filipova-Marinova |author7=Albert J. Kettner |author8=Nick Thom |quote=Sediment loads delivered by Danube River, the main tributary of the Black Sea, significantly increased as land use intensified in the last two millennia, which led to a rapid expansion of its delta. |pmid=22937219 |pmc=3430877|bibcode=2012NatSR...2E.582G }}</ref> A̱gwaklyen-jiyoloji [[Liviu Giosan]] ku tak ''The New York Times'' nyia̱: <blockquote>Ka̱ doot á̱ ku tai nok a̱yaakpa 40 á̱si̱ Da̱li̱ta ji mi̱ ndyia̱ 1,000 na̱ sii swak nia a̱ni. Lyen a̱ni si̱ yet nang jen "n ta̱taat kyang" ja a̱ni.<ref name=NYT91412/></blockquote> Mi̱ di̱ yong huni, da̱li̱ta ji swuo a̱bung ma̱ng a̱ca̱cet á̱kpa̱u nkyang, a̱ma̱lyim nang á̱ za nnok a̱yaadam ma̱ a̱ghyui Da̱nube ka ma̱ng a̱ka̱weang nka na mi̱ di̱ jhyi sa̱ncuri hu ku sii swak a̱ni. Da̱ a̱kwonu a̱kya, nok ni̱nok á̱dodoo nvak a̱sa̱khwot na̱ li ma̱ gyan na a̱ni mi̱ da̱li̱ta ji di̱n jen a̱ja (mumwang byi̱k a̱ti̱ti̱t ghyang) si̱si̱ nghyuai kya̱kyat hu nang á̱ shyiat a̱ni di̱ kyai da̱li̱ta hu, mi̱ ku si̱ ki mban ghwut a̱sa̱khwot di̱ khwong hu meang.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Giosan |first1=Liviu |last2=Constantinescu |first2=Stefan |last3=Filip |first3=Florin |last4=Deng |first4=Bing |title=Maintenance of large deltas through channelization: Nature vs. humans in the Danube delta |journal=Anthropocene |date=2013 |volume=1 |pages=35–45 |doi=10.1016/j.ancene.2013.09.001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Study Offers Economical Solutions for Maintaining Critical Delta Environments |url=http://www.whoi.edu/news-release/maintaining_deltas |website=|access-date=10 Zwat A̱taa 2021}}</ref> Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji yet kyai a̱ri̱giwa a̱sa̱khwot hwa ku swan gyan a̱ni, kap a̱lyiak nji yet [[nian|a̱byin nian]] kya ma̱ng a̱sa̱khwot. Ji̱ byia̱ ndyuut nian na̱ cin a̱ni, nvak a̱sa̱khwot, si̱sa ncen, ma̱ng a̱ca̱cet njok. Shi a̱za ca̱caat nji hu hu hwa yet mita 0.52, ma̱ng %20 a̱byin nji tafa shi kyai a̱sa̱khwot a̱wot kyang ku lan kap a̱kum nji swan tafa mita nyiung mi̱ shi a̱za. A̱yaabap tazwa kap kyai hu ku lyiak ma̱ng ngeang hu a̱ni mi̱ da̱li̱ta ji (nkyai khwong La̱tea ma̱ng Ka̱rawoman) ba̱ yong a̱za (m 12.4 ma̱ng m 7 a̱nyiung a̱ma̱lyim a̱ghyang). A̱ca̱cet njok ba ba̱ swak ma̱ng shi a̱ni bibya yet a̱ca̱cet njok Di̱ranop (km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;21.7), Roshu (km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;14.5) ma̱ng Gori̱gova (km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;13.8). [[File:Dalmatian Pelican and Great Cormorant in danube delta.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.35| Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube – Pa̱likan Da̱li̱matya ma̱ng a̱gba̱ndang kwori̱moran wu.]] ==Nghwughwu== {{gallery|mode=packed |Sulina 4.jpg|[[Sulina]] – a̱ga̱nga̱ng a̱ndi̱ri̱m ndong 1870 |DeltaRBDD.jpg|A̱vwuocok taada Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ka (a̱shong: mi̱ Yuki̱ren; bagina/a̱shong: mi̱ Romaniya) |DeltaPierderi.jpg|Nwai bibyin mi̱ Romaniya mi̱ da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji neet ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1948 |Areas polderised under Ceausescu.png|A̱ka̱vwuo nang á̱ ku fam á̱ si̱ khwot nna di̱n [[Ri̱pobi̱lik Soshyali̱t Romaniya|jen komyunit]] ji |Danube Delta Reeds.JPG|Tityin a̱ntyiit ku laai mi̱ Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji a̱ni }} ==Ya̱fang== {{Reflist}} ==A̱ka̱fwuop nta== {{Commons category|Danube Delta|Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube}} *[http://www.danube-delta.org Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920101547/http://danube-delta.org/ |date=2017-09-20 }} - ta̱si̱la, a̱cyiet, nghwughwu, nghwughwu-a̱guguut ma̱ng nwuan-a̱ka̱feang Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube mi̱ Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube Romaniya *[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/588 UNESCO Danube Delta World Heritage Site] (di̱n Shong) <!-- *[https://web.archive.org/web/20061209042801/http://www2.unesco.org/mab/br/brdir/directory/biores.asp?code=ROM-UKR+01&mode=all Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve] (di̱n Shong) *[http://www.thedanubedelta.com Join the Danube Delta Community to share your travel experience, photos, videos and learn more.] (di̱n Shong) *{{en icon}} [http://www.aboutromania.com/danube00.html Danube Delta: Photo Gallery] *[http://www.norc.ro/street-view/ Danube Delta "Street view"] - navigate along the channels in Google Street View panoramic fashion (di̱n Shong) *[http://ukrayina.ru/delta-dunayu/ Turism in the Danube Delta (In Ukrainian)] --> [[Sa:Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube| ]] [[Sa:Da̱li̱ta A̱ghyui mi̱ Yurop]] [[Sa:Kham Da̱nube|Da̱li̱ta]] [[Sa:Nkhang-a̱byin a̱si̱ Yurop]] [[Sa:Dobi̱ruja]] [[Sa:Budjak]] [[Sa:A̱ka̱vwuo ncok Romaniya]] [[Sa:A̱tsatsak A̱ka̱vwuo A̱ka̱man Romaniya]] [[Sa:A̱ka̱vwuo Ramsar mi̱ Romaniya]] [[Sa:A̱ka̱vwuo hyap-a̱ghyi mi̱ Romaniya]] [[Sa:A̱ka̱vwuo Nkhang Swanta mi̱ Romaniya]] [[Sa:A̱yaati̱kut ba̱ byia̱ nghwughwu a̱guguut]] [[Sa:Editing together in Tyap, Romanian and English]] dky0qmlmghp6b02cbu1mcan1n2271lu Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi 0 4567 49152 41450 2026-08-18T03:59:55Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi''' ({{Lang-ro|Constantin Brâncuși}}; {{IPA-ro|konstanˈtin brɨŋˈkuʃʲ|lang|Ro-Constantin Brâncuși.ogg}}; Zwat Sweang 19, 1876&nbsp;– Zwat Tsat 16, 1957) ku yet a̱tyunok nghwughwu [[A̱romaniya|Romaniya]] wa, a̱tyuswup a̱vwuo ma̱ng a̱tyukwok nghwughwu a̱ ku tsa a̱kariya nggu wu mi̱ [[Fi̱ransa]]. Á̱ nwuan nggu nang a̱tyonyiung mami á̱nietnok nghwughwu ba̱ ku byia̱ a̱lyoot ba̱t mi̱ sa̱ncuri 20 wu ma̱ng a̱tyonyiung mami á̱niet ba̱ ku yet a̱yaakwak a̱son [[modani̱zi̱m]], á̱ ngyei Bi̱ri̱ngkushi a̱tyia̱ nok nghwughwu mam a̱fwun wu. Nang gu ni̱ ngyet nngwon a̱ni, a̱ vwuot mumwang shap nkwon [[nkyangkhap]]. Fang da̱ a̱gba̱ndang a̱vwuofang si̱ tsa nkyiak nggu nat mi̱ [[Bukha̱ret]], a̱wot a̱ si̱ kin nat [[Munki̱n]], a̱ sii du ta̱bat cong [[École des Beaux-Arts]] mi̱ [[Pari̱t]] kyiak neet ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1905 ba̱ng si̱ tat a̱lyia̱ 1907. Nghwughwu nggu na byia̱ kpa̱mkpa̱rang ndang nfam swanta na̱ tyei nkyang na nang á̱ maai á̱ shyia̱ mi̱ nghwughwu nggu nia a̱ni na̱ cong ca̱caat ma̱ng a̱yaalama ba ba̱ yong da̱ a̱kwonu nkyang na nang ghwughwu hu fa a̱ni da̱ a̱ka̱nyiung. Bi̱ri̱ngkushi ku cat mumwang neet mi̱ a̱yaataada vwuon ta̱usa Yurop ba̱ yet nggu a̱tyin [[egi̱zotizi̱m]] [[Pi̱rimitivizi̱m|jen gbangbang]], ma̱nang [[Paul Gauguin]], [[Pablo Picasso]], [[André Derain]], ma̱ng á̱ghyang ku nyia̱ a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Influences in Modern Art|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/aima/hd_aima.htm|access-date=Zwat Sweang 9, 2021|website=www.metmuseum.org}}</ref> Da̱ a̱kwonu a̱kya, mumwang neet da̱ a̱ka̱vwuo jhyang si̱ ghwut neet mi̱ nyian ghwughwu taada [[Romaniya]] di̱n vak a̱yaataada Bizantyom ma̱ng Dyonisiya ba.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.moma.org/collection/artist.php?artist_id=738| title = MoMA, ''Constantin Brancusi'', The Collection, Sanda Miller, Grove Art Online, 2009 Oxford University Press}}</ref> ==Á̱son ndyia̱== [[Fail:Constantin Brancusi c.1905.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Bi̱ri̱ngkushi kp. a̱lyia̱ 1905]] [[Fail:Constantin Brancusi, Portrait of Mlle Pogany, 1912, Philadelphia Museum of Modern Art, Philadelphia.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi, ''A̱junjung ghwughwu Mademoiselle Pogany [1]'', 1912, White marble; limestone block, [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]], Philadelphia. Á̱ tyai ma̱ 1913 [[Armory Show]] wu]] Bi̱ri̱ngkushi ku laai a̱ shi ma̱ a̱bakeang [[Peștișani|Hobița]] kya, mi̱ [[Gorj County|Gorj]], di̱ hyia̱k [[Târgu Jiu]], kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng [[A̱ka̱fan Ka̱pat]] Romaniya na, a̱vwuo ka nang á̱ ndyen ma̱ng a̱dodoo taada nta̱m-bwak a̱taada nka na, nang shap-nkwon a̱ni. Á̱ maai á̱ li ndyuut jiyometi̱rik fam-a̱byin na di̱ nta̱m nggu na nang gu na nang nnyia̱ á̱zanson a̱ni nang [[Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brâncuși at Târgu Jiu|Tsuung Sang Sangba̱p]] a̱ nyia̱ ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1918.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Macholz|first=Kaitlin|date=Zwat A̱natat 20, 2018|title=How Constantin Brancusi Brazenly Redefined Sculpture|url=https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-constantin-brancusi-brazenly-redefined-sculpture|access-date=Zwat Sweang 9, 2021|website=Artsy|language=en}}</ref> Á̱nietmbyin nggu ba Nicolae ma̱ng Maria Brâncuși ku yet á̱kunak á̱niet a̱bakeang bya a̱nyanyan bya ku shyia̱ kyang yaan mba hu di̱n vak nta̱m gurup ma̱ng kan-a̱lahyia̱ nia; kyiak neet mi̱ jen a̱ ku shyia̱ ndyia̱ a̱natat a̱ni, Kwontanti̱n si̱ ta̱bat nggo a̱sworong zónseap kyangbwak ka. A̱ ku vwuot mumwang di̱ shap nkyang ghwut ndyo neet mi̱ nkwon a̱ni a̱wot di̱n jen ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t a̱ ku tyong mali a̱ shot a̱ngai á̱nietmbyin ma̱ng á̱nietkhwop nggu ba. Ma̱nang gu nshyia̱ ndyia̱ a̱kubunyiung a̱ni, Bi̱ri̱ngkushi si̱ ghwon a̱bakeang ka si̱ nat ta̱m ma̱ da̱ndi ma̱ a̱keang ka̱ laai byia̱ shi ka̱ hyia̱k mba a̱ni. Mi̱ ndyia̱ swak ma̱ng a̱nyiung, a̱ si̱ nwuo khwo a̱tyulyiai kyayak mi̱ Si̱la̱tina; a̱wot a̱ si̱ kin bai a̱ yet nggwonta̱m a̱mali á̱niet mi̱ Ki̱rayova, a̱ja wa nang gu si̱ swan ndyia̱ ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t. Ma̱nang gu ntat ndyia̱ 18 a̱ni, Bi̱ri̱ngkushi si̱ jhyi vayolyin ma̱ng bwak ma̱ng nkyang nang gu ku nshyia̱ a̱ni da̱ a̱vwuota̱m nggu ka.<ref>{{Cite web|date=Zwat Jhyiung 3, 2004|title=Profile: Constantin Brancusi|url=http://www.theguardian.com/culture/2004/jan/03/1|access-date=Zwat Sweang 9, 2021|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Nang gu si̱ ndi a̱ si̱ fa̱k nyinyang mumwang shap nkyang Bi̱ri̱ngkushi a̱ni, a̱tyu byia̱ a̱linoknkyang a̱ghyang si̱ tyia̱ nggu ma̱ A̱lifang Nyian Ghwughwu ma̱ng Nta̱m-bwak Ki̱rayova ka (''școala de arte și meserii''), a̱ja wa nang gu si̱ ngya a̱son ma̱ng cat nta̱m-nkwon nggu hu, a̱ si̱ tyak ma̱ng a̱di̱dyep ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1898.<ref name=brainjuice>{{Cite web|title=Constantin Brancusi|url=http://www.brain-juice.com/cgi-bin/show_bio.cgi?p_id=108|url-status= usurped|access-date=Zwat Jhyiung 12, 2023|website=www.brain-juice.com|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061220115258/http://www.brain-juice.com/cgi-bin/show_bio.cgi?p_id=108|date=2002|archive-date=20 Zwat Swak ma̱ng Sweang 2006 }}</ref> A̱ si̱ cat a̱ si̱ shyia̱ nwuo ma̱ A̱lifang Nyian A̱sham Ghwughwu Bukha̱ret ka, a̱ja wa nang gu si̱ san a̱tsak tyiet tazwa nok nghwughwu. A̱ si̱ nyia̱ ta̱m ma̱ng ntyia̱ fwuo a̱wot a̱ si̱ ghai a̱pyia̱ nggu nang a̱tyumumwangta̱m a̱ni. Ta̱m nyiung di̱ nta̱m ntsa nggu na ku ku swuan a̱ni, a̱ ku nyia̱ ma̱ a̱ghyi a̱tyutyiet a̱natomi nggu ba, [[Dimitrie Gerota]], yet ta̱m [[écorché]] (ghwughwu sang swuan a̱tyok ma̱ng kwa-vam nang á̱ ku wa̱i a̱ni mat á̱ tyai nam-vam hu a̱tafa) ghyang hwa a̱ ku nyia̱ ma̱ng mumwang a̱gwak-nta̱m a̱ni a̱wot á̱ si̱ teak ma̱ [[A̱teniyom Romaniya]] wu ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1903.<ref name="Brezianu">{{Cite journal | last1 = Brezianu | first1 = B. | last2 = Geist | first2 = S. | title = The Beginnings of Brancusi | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_art-journal-uk_fall-1965_25_1/page/15 | doi = 10.2307/774863 | jstor = 774863 | journal = Art Journal | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | pages = 15–25 | year = 1965 }}</ref> Shimba ku ku mi̱ ngyet zop a̱natomi ja ma̱nyin, ku si̱ bai shei á̱zanson a̱lahyia̱ a̱tyunokghwughwu na di̱ kwan tyai fa da̱ a̱kwonu li lili ta̱usa ma̱nyin. ==Ta̱m mi̱ Pari̱t== [[Fail:ArmoryShow poster.jpg|thumb|right=0.75|Ghwughwu shei lyen Armory Show hu, New York 1913]] Ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1903, Bi̱ri̱ngkushi si̱ cyiet nat [[Munki̱n]], a̱wot neet ma̱ a̱ja a̱ si̱ nat [[Pari̱t]]. Mi̱ Pari̱t, sot á̱nietjhyighwughwu ji ma̱ng á̱nietbyia̱lyen ba̱ nhyat tyentyiang ma̱ng á̱di̱dam a̱ni si̱ tyia̱ nggu aba̱n.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ho/11/euwf/hod_1996.403.7ab.htm| title = Metropolitan Museum of Art website}}</ref> A̱ si̱ nyia̱ ta̱m ndyia̱ a̱feang da̱ a̱ka̱ciro-nta̱m [[Antonin Mercié]] a̱si̱ [[École des Beaux-Arts]] a̱wot á̱ si̱ yorong nggu gu nwuo a̱ka̱ciro-nta̱m [[Auguste Rodin]]. Shimba a̱ ku cat a̱gba̱ndang a̱tyunta̱m Rodin, da̱ a̱kwonu a̱kya, a̱ kai a̱vwuonta̱m Rodin ka a̱ ghwon lilyim zwát sweang ma̱nyin, a̱ si̱ nyia̱, "Kyang si̱ mi̱n laai shi tafa a̱ca̱cet a̱ka̱kwon bah."<ref name=brainjuice/> ==Nta̱m jhyang== {{Div col}} * 1898: ''Vitellius.'' Fa̱k, 61&nbsp;×&nbsp;43&nbsp;×&nbsp;27&nbsp;cm, Muzeul de Arta, [[Ki̱rayova]] * 1900: ''Laocoon'' (Lawokun). Fa̱k, a̱son nyia̱ ka da̱ lyem hwa, (ka̱ bwuk) * 1903: ''Général Dr.&nbsp;Carol Davila'' (Jenera Dokto&nbsp;Carol Davila). Fa̱k, 71&nbsp;×&nbsp;61&nbsp;×&nbsp;33&nbsp;cm, Institut Sanitar Militar, Bukha̱ret * 1905: ''L’Orgeuil'' (Tam hu). Fa̱k, kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng 31&nbsp;×&nbsp;20&nbsp;×&nbsp;22&nbsp;cm, Muzeul de Arta, Ki̱rayova * 1906: ''L’Enfant'' (Nggwon ka). Fa̱k, kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng 35&nbsp;×&nbsp;25,7&nbsp;×&nbsp;22,5&nbsp;cm Kpa̱m George Oprescu, Bukha̱ret * 1907: ''Le Baiser'' (Kpa-a̱nu hu). [[A̱fang]], 32,5&nbsp;×&nbsp;24,5&nbsp;×&nbsp;20&nbsp;cm, Muzeul de Arta, Ki̱rayova * 1908: ''Tête d’enfant'' (A̱pyia̱ nggwon). [[Mabut]], 17,1&nbsp;×&nbsp;30,5&nbsp;cm, Kpa̱m Yolanda Penteado, São Paulo * 1909: ''Le Baiser'' (Kpa-a̱nu hu). A̱fang, 89&nbsp;×&nbsp;30&nbsp;×&nbsp;20&nbsp;cm; Kuntyin a̱fang, 155&nbsp;×&nbsp;64&nbsp;×&nbsp;33&nbsp;cm, Bibi Montparnasse, A̱bi Tanioucha Rashewskaia * 1909: ''La Muse endormie I'' (Nyiin-nda Kwak-fwuo hu I). Mabut, 17,2&nbsp;×&nbsp;27,6&nbsp;×&nbsp;21,2&nbsp;cm, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, [[Washington, D.C.]] * 1910: ''La Baronne R.&nbsp;F.'' (Baron-a̱nap wu R.&nbsp;F.). A̱fang, 27&nbsp;cm, á̱ lyen a̱vwuo ka bah * 1910: ''La Muse endormie I'' (Nyiin-nda Kwak-fwuo hu I). A̱shong tswam, 17,5&nbsp;×&nbsp;26,5&nbsp;×&nbsp;19&nbsp;cm, Musée National d’Art Moderne, Pari̱t * 1911: ''Maïastra.'' A̱shong tswam á̱ ku shok a̱ni, 90.5×17.1×17.8cm, Tate Gallery, London * 1911: ''Prométhée'' (Pi̱rometyot). Mabut, 12.7×7.7cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art, The Louis and Walter Arensberg Collection, Fila̱defiya * 1912: ''Mademoiselle Pogány I.'' Mabut, 61&nbsp;×&nbsp;43&nbsp;×&nbsp;27&nbsp;cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Fila̱defiya * 1913: ''Mademoiselle Pogány I.'' [[A̱shong tswam]], 43.8×27×30cm, [[Museum of Modern Art]], New York * 1914: ''Deux pingouins'' (Pengwin Feang). Mabut, 54×28.3×30.8cm, [[Art Institute of Chicago]], Cikago * 1914–1917: ''Portrait de Madame L.&nbsp;R.'' (A̱junjung ghwughwu Madame L.&nbsp;R.). Kwon oak, shi a̱za 117.1 cm, kyang a̱pyia̱ a̱yin * 1916: ''Portrait de Mme Meyer'' (A̱junjung ghwughwu A̱yang-a̱li Meyer). Kwon, 83×18×24cm, Musée National d’Art Moderne, Pari̱t * 1916: ''Princesse X'' (Nggwoneam-a̱gwam X). Mabut, 55.8×28×22.8cm, Musée National d’Art Moderne, Pari̱t * 1916: ''Sculpture pour aveugles'' (Ghwughwu Sang Swuan Á̱niet A̱fi̱fan ba). Mabut, 15.2 × 30.4 cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Fila̱defiya * 1917: ''La Muse endormie II'' (Nyiin-nda Kwak-fwuo hu II). [[A̱la̱ba̱sta]], 16.5×29.9×21cm, Washington Gallery of Modern Art, Washington, D.C. * 1917: ''Le Premier cri'' (A̱son Tywei ka). A̱shong tswam á̱ ku shok a̱ni, 17&nbsp;×&nbsp;25.8&nbsp;×&nbsp;18&nbsp;cm, Louisiana Museum, Humlebæk * 1919: ''L'Oiseau d'or'' (A̱man A̱na-a̱shong ka). A̱shong tswam á̱ ku shok a̱ni, 217.8×29.9×29.9cm 53.5cm, [[Art Institute of Chicago]], Cikago * 1920: ''La Colonne sans fin'' (The Endless Column). Kwon (a̱khwukhwop oak), 558×34×37cm, Musée National d’Art Moderne, Atelier Brancusi, Pari̱t * 1919: ''Mademoiselle Pogány II.'' Mabut a̱ci̱ci̱p, 44.2&nbsp;×&nbsp;20&nbsp;×&nbsp;27&nbsp;cm, kpa̱m a̱pyia̱ a̱yin, Cikago * 1917: ''La Muse endormie II'' (Nyiin-nda Kwak-fwuo hu II). A̱shong tswam, 17×28.6×17cm, kpa̱m a̱pyia̱ a̱yin * 1922: ''Socrate'' (Soki̱ratet). Kwon, 111×28.8×36.8cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York * 1923: ''L'Oiseau dans l'espace'' (A̱man ka di̱ Kyai Tswazwa hu). A̱sai mabut, 144.1×16.5cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York (a̱son ta̱m ka di̱ ce-nta̱m na) * 1923: ''Tête, Eileen'' (A̱pyia̱, Eileen). [[Oni̱k (minerat)|Oni̱k]], 29×24×16cm, Musée National d’Art Moderne, Pari̱t * 1925: ''L'Oiseau dans l'espace'' (A̱man ka di̱ Kyai Tswazwa hu). A̱shong tswam á̱ ku shok a̱ni, 127×15.5cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Fila̱defiya * 1927: ''Jeune Fille sophistiquée [Portrait de Nancy Cunard]'' (Fi̱ng Nggwoneam A̱ Gwai A̱pyia̱ Nggu [A̱junjung Ghwughwu Nancy Cunard]). Kwon, 55×12.5×55cm, [[Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art]], Kansas City * 1927: ''L'Oiseau dans l'espace'' (A̱man ka di̱ Kyai Tswazwa hu). A̱shong tswam á̱ ku shok a̱ni, 184.8 × 16.5 × 12 cm, in: [http://www.hlmd.de/museum/kunst-und-kulturgeschichte/sammlung-simon-spierer.html ''A Forest of Sculptures - Simon Spierer Collection''], [[Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt]] * 1930: ''Portrait de Mme E. Meyer Jr.'' (A̱junjung ghwughwu A̱yang-a̱li E. Meyer Jr.). 133&nbsp;cm, a̱dyundyung mabut, [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington, D.C. * 1931: ''Mademoiselle Pogány III.'' a̱sai mabut, 45.1 cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art * 1933: ''Mademoiselle Pogány III.'' a̱shong tswam á̱ ku shok a̱ni, 44.5×17.8×24.1cm, kpa̱m a̱pyia̱ a̱yin * 1937–1938: ''La Colonne sans fin'' (Tsuung Sang Sangba̱p ji). 29.33m, Târgu Jiu * 1937–1938: ''La Porte du baiser'' (A̱nunwuai Kpa-a̱nu ka). 513×654×196cm, Târgu Jiu * 1937–1938: ''La Table du silence'' (A̱tyii Nyonywang wu). 45&nbsp;cm, ⌀&nbsp;215&nbsp;cm, Târgu Jiu * 1943: ''Le Phoque'' (A̱kpang-a̱ghat wu). Mabut a̱ci̱ci̱p a̱sa̱khwot khaan, 112×100×84cm, Musée National d’Art Moderne, Pari̱t * 1943: ''La Tortue'' (Kuvak-a̱sa̱khwot hu). A̱sai mabut, 31.8&nbsp;×&nbsp;93&nbsp;×&nbsp;69&nbsp;cm, [[Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum]], Pari̱t {{Div col end}} <gallery> File:'Fish' by Constantin Brâncusi, Tate Modern.JPG|Bi̱ri̱ngkushi ''A̱fa̱n'' Kpa̱m [[Tate Modern]] </gallery> ==Di̱ nkhang a̱di̱dam== * Kpa̱m a̱kukum nkhang [[Robert McAlmon]] 1925 ''[[Distinguished Air]]'' includes one that revolves around an exhibition of ''Princess X''. In 1930 the watercolour painter [[Charles Demuth]] painted ''Distinguished Air'', based on this story.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Distinguished Air, Charles Demuth (1930) |publisher=Whitney Museum of American Art |url=http://collection.whitney.org/object/581 }}</ref> *Mi̱ novet Evelyn Waugh 1945 ''[[Brideshead Revisited]]'', Anthony Blanche remarks in relating a story to Charles Ryder that "I have two sculptures by Brancusi and several pretty things" [sic]. *Mi̱ fim a̱lyia̱ 1988 hu ''[[Short Circuit 2]]'', a man walking through an outdoor [[Art exhibition|exhibition]] speculates that the stationary Johnny 5 [[robot]], who is also admiring the exhibit, is "an early Brâncuși." *Mi̱ ce-fim nkhang a̱di̱dam sains a̱lyia̱ 1999 hu ''[[Total Recall 2070]]'', one episode ("Astral Projections") featured an artifact called the "Brancusi Stone" because it looks like one of Brâncuși's sculptures. *Mi̱ fim a̱lyia̱ 2000 hu ''[[Mission to Mars]]'', the "Face on Mars" is modeled after Brâncuși's ''Sleeping Muse''. ==A̱ya̱fang== {{reflist}} ==Nkwaa̱mbwat== *Tom Sandqvist, ''Dada East – The Romanians of Cabaret Voltaire'', MIT Press, 2006, {{ISBN|0-262-19507-0}} *Adams, Laura S. ''A History of Western Art''. 4th ed. New York: McGraw–Hill, 2005. *Cristea, Simion Doru. "O escultor Constantin Brâncusi e a consistência paremiológica da sua arte / The Sculptor Constantin Brâncusi and the Paremiological Consistence of His Art." Proceedings of the Twelfth Interdisciplinary Colloquium on Proverbs, November 4 to 11, 2018, at Tavira, Portugal. Eds. Rui J.B. Soares and Outi Lauhakangas. Tavira: Tipografia Tavirense, 2019. 252-282. With 7 illustrations.*Richler, Martha. ''National Gallery of Art, Washington: A World of Art''. London: Scala Books, 1998. *Neutres, Jerome. [http://www.paulkasmingallery.com/news/2013-10-26_brancusi-in-new-york-1913-2013-catalogue_1 ''Brâncuși New York, 1913-2013''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828213355/https://www.paulkasmingallery.com/news/2013-10-26_brancusi-in-new-york-1913-2013-catalogue_1 |date=2018-08-28 }}. New York: Editions Assouline, 2014. {{ISBN|9781614281962}} *Varia, Radu. ''Brancusi''. New York: Rizzoli, 1986. ==A̱ka̱fwuop nta== {{Commons category|Constantin Brâncuși|Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120313010334/http://centrulbrancusi.ro/2011/03/17/brancusi-on-the-world-heritage-site-list/ Support for the inclusion of "Heroes' Way", the most prominent monumental ensemble in the region as well as one of Brâncusi's major creations, in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites] *[http://www.zuihitsu.org/brancusi-versus-usa An excerpt from the transcript] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530012755/https://zuihitsu.org/brancusi-versus-usa |date=2023-05-30 }} of ''Brâncuși versus United States'' *[http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/results.html?searchTxt=Brancusi&bSuggest=1&searchNameID=&searchClassID=&searchOrigin=&keySearch=+Search+&page=1 Brâncuși] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319192510/https://www.philamuseum.org/collections/results.html?searchTxt=Brancusi&bSuggest=1&searchNameID=&searchClassID=&searchOrigin=&keySearch=+Search+&page=1 |date=2022-03-19 }} in the [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070323181441/http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_works_22_0.html Brâncuși] in the [[Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum|Guggenheim Museum]]. *{{MoMA artist|738}} *[http://www.guggenheim-venice.it/inglese/collections/artisti/biografia.php?id_art=26 Peggy Guggenheim Collection] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140415204211/http://publicphoto.org/?s=brancusi Public domain image resources] <!--Dead link on 3/26/07 * [http://engcom.ipsec.ro/Brancusi/index.html Constantin Brâncuși – pioneer of abstract sculpture]--> *[http://www.centrepompidou.fr/cpv/ressource.action?param.id=FR_R-c6e611f988bdc6acbbc0787097b825be&param.idSource=FR_E-c6e611f988bdc6acbbc0787097b825be Brâncuși's atelier at Centre Pompidou, France] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090302003626/http://www.filozofianuantelor.org/pagini/content/view/204/137/ Petre Țuțea – An encounter with Brâncuși] a rare meeting between two unusual personalities * {{FrenchSculptureCensus}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bi̱ri̱ngkushi, Kwontanti̱n}} [[Sa:Á̱nietnokghwughwu a̱fwun]] [[Sa:Nghwughwu sang swuan Kwontanti̱n Bi̱ri̱ngkushi|01]] [[Sa:Byin 1876]] [[Sa:Kwi 1957]] [[Sa:Niat mi̱ Bibi Montparnasse]] [[Sa:Á̱nietnokghwughwu á̱sam]] [[Sa:Á̱nietkwokghwughwu Fi̱ransa]] [[Sa:Á̱niet Sot A̱gwomna̱ti Mali Gori̱ji]] [[Sa:Avant-garde A̱romaniya]] [[Sa:Á̱nietkwokghwughwu Romaniya]] [[Sa:A̱lifang Pari̱t]] [[Sa:Editing together in Tyap, Romanian and English]] p1ecjhbqhyblpk5kgbjqk0i73n2etan Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui 0 4983 49164 45606 2026-08-18T04:15:36Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[ Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[ Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[ Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[ Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[ Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[ Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} [[File:Lena River Delta - Landsat 2000.jpg|thumb|[[Lena (a̱ghyui)|Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui Lena]].]] '''Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui''' yet tangka̱i yet a̱byin hwa ku li nang a̱ma̱ntaa̱tat a̱ni, nang a̱ti̱ti̱t nang a̱sa̱khwot [[a̱ghyui]] kwok a̱ni ni̱ mbwoi a̱wot ku mun nwuo a̱sa̱khwot na̱ sweap ma̱ shonshyon ma̱ shonshyon ku a̱sa̱khwot na̱ yong ka̱tsak di̱ tyan jhyiung a̱ni si̱ swan a̱ja.<ref>Miall, A. D. 1979. Deltas. in R. G. Walker (ed) Facies Models. Geological Association of Canada, Hamilton, Ontario.</ref><ref>Elliot, T. 1986. Deltas. in H. G. Reading (ed.). Sedimentary environments and facies. Backwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.</ref> Si̱ huni ni̱ nnyia̱ ma̱ [[a̱nu a̱ghyui]] kya, ka̱nang ka̱ nwuai ma̱ [[a̱gba̱ndang kyai a̱sa̱khwot]], [[kyai a̱sa̱khwot]], [[a̱na̱nwuai ti̱ta̱m]], [[a̱gba̱ndang jok]], [[ri̱zavwa]], ku (di̱n jen jhyang) ma̱ a̱ghyui a̱ghyang da̱ ka̱ si̱ mi̱n shyei a̱ti̱ti̱t wu bah. Á̱ ngyei tangka̱i a̱ghyui a̱hwa a̱nia mat sanggak a̱ma̱ntaa̱nai nhu hwa ji̱ li nang a̱gba̱ndang zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Helen wu nang á̱ ngyei [[Da̱li̱ta (zwunzwuo-a̱lyem)|da̱li̱ta]], Δ, a̱ni. Kyang ku nyia̱ tyok tazwa si̱sak nang shi hu ma̱ng sanggak da̱li̱ta ji na ndi a̱ni, huhwa yet swat-ma̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ nvak cung a̱sa̱khwot ku kwok [[a̱ti̱ti̱t]] wu a̱ bai, mbeang lili nvak nsaai kham a̱sa̱khwot hu na̱ bu ka̱u, gang, a̱wot na̱ ba̱ ghwut ma̱ng a̱ti̱ti̱t wu.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Blum | first1 = M.D. | last2=Törnqvist | first2 = T.E. | year = 2000 | title = Fluvial responses to climate and sea-level change: a review and look forward | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_sedimentology_2000-02_47_1/page/2 | journal = Sedimentology | volume = 47 | pages = 2–48 | doi=10.1046/j.1365-3091.2000.00008.x| s2cid = 140714394 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Pasternack|first1=Gregory B.|last2=Brush|first2=Grace S.|last3=Hilgartner|first3=William B.|date=2001-04-01|title=Impact of historic land-use change on sediment delivery to a Chesapeake Bay subestuarine delta|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_earth-surface-processes-and-landforms_2001-04_26_4/page/409|journal=[[Earth Surface Processes and Landforms]]|language=en|volume=26|issue=4|pages=409–427|doi=10.1002/esp.189|bibcode=2001ESPL...26..409P|s2cid=129080402 |issn=1096-9837}}</ref> Shi hu, jiyometi̱ri, ma̱ng a̱gbang ka nang kham nsaai a̱sa̱khwot ji nshyia̱ a̱ni ni̱ ka mbyia̱ a̱tsatsak ta̱m di̱ bwoi da̱li̱ta swai. ==Ya̱fang== {{Reflist}} [[Sa:Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui]] [[Sa:A̱sa̱khwot]] [[Sa:Nvam a̱sa̱khwot]] 3udwtub1y9h5qa77sm91m2rq2uub93a Ta̱dyong 0 5471 49163 44657 2026-08-18T04:10:34Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Ta̱dyong/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Ta̱dyong/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Ta̱dyong/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Ta̱dyong/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Ta̱dyong/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Ta̱dyong/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Ta̱dyong'''(Da̱dyiak) hu yet a̱di̱da̱i a̱tyia̱n a̱vwuo ku bwong hwa nang a̱sa̱khwot ngyong ku ntung a̱ni. Ta̱dyong hu yet a̱cuncywuit lan [[A̱nian|nian]] a̱ni<ref>{{Cite journal|last=STANLEY|first=E. G.|date=1975-06-01|title=The Merriam-Webster Dictionary – The Oxford Illustrated Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_notes-and-queries_1975-06_22_6/page/242|journal=Notes and Queries|volume=22|issue=6|pages=242–243|doi=10.1093/nq/22-6-242|issn=1471-6941}}</ref> a̱wot á̱ mbyia̱ a̱tyin kyang hu na tyiai tyan nna nfeang a̱ni bah, ku nang tyan ta̱dyong hu yet byia̱ tyan dam heta 5 (a̱kpai 12) mi̱ a̱vwuo, yet a̱kum swak mita 5 (16 ft) mi̱ li tsuung ma̱ng yet a̱kum swak 30% di̱ a̱tyaat a̱vwuo ka kup ko ji ma̱ng nyinyep ji beang mi̱ vwuot ma̱ng lyen tei nkyang a̱beam nta̱dyong mbeang nsi̱ a̱ni̱nian ma̱ng [[A̱nian|A̱ninian]].<ref>{{Cite journal |author=David C. Richardson |author2=Meredith A. Holgerson |author3=Matthew J. Farragher |author4=Kathryn K. Hoffman |author5=Katelyn B. S. King |author6=María B. Alfonso |author7=Mikkel R. Andersen |author8=Kendra Spence Cheruveil |author9=Kristen A. Coleman |author10=Mary Jade Farruggia |author11=Rocio Luz Fernandez |author12=Kelly L. Hondula |author13=Gregorio A. López Moreira Mazacotte |author14=Katherine Paul |author15=Benjamin L. Peierls |author16=Joseph S. Rabaey |author17=Steven Sadro |author18=María Laura Sánchez |author19=Robyn L. Smyth |author20=Jon N. Sweetman |date=2022 |title=A functional definition to distinguish ponds from lakes and wetlands |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=10472 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-14569-0 |pmid=35729265 |pmc=9213426 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1210472R |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":02">Clegg, J. (1986). Observer's Book of Pond Life. Frederick Warne, London</ref> ==Ya̱fang== {{Reflist}} [[Sa: Atyapland WikiOutreach]] lainnoojmylhe8o72jxcjglfwz38afl Fwa Afi̱rika 0 6366 49161 47746 2026-08-18T04:08:20Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Fwa Afi̱rika/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Fwa Afi̱rika/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Fwa Afi̱rika/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Fwa Afi̱rika/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Fwa Afi̱rika/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Fwa Afi̱rika/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} {{About||information on the colonisation of Africa prior to the 1880s|Colonisation of Africa|the book by [[Thomas Pakenham (historian)|Thomas Pakenham]] (Kwambwat)}} {{Multiple image |total_width=350px |image1=African-civilizations-map-pre-colonial.svg |caption1= A̱cecet [[Lilyoot Ntyok mi̱ A̱fi̱rika ba tyiak nghyang na|A̱wot á̱ sii shyia̱ tyok-ci̱t mi̱ a̱si̱tet A̱fi̱rika]] (á̱ ntyia̱ a̱si̱tet a̱tyin A̱fi̱rika ba ba ma̱nang [[Ajuran Sultanate|A̱juran]], [[Adal Sultanate|A̱dal]], [[Kingdom of Buganda|Buganda]], [[Kingdom of Rwanda|Rwanda]], [[Kilwa Sultanate|Kilwa]], ma̱ng [[Merina Kingdom|Imerina]], ma̱ng a̱tak A̱fi̱rika da a̱kanyiung: [[Kingdom of Mapungubwe|Mapungubwe]], [[Rozvi Empire|Rozvi]], [[Maravi]], [[Uukwanyama]], and [[Mthwakazi]]) |image2=Africa map 1914.svg |caption2=Areas of Africa controlled by [[history of colonialism|Western European colonial powers]] in 1913: [[Belgian colonial empire|Belgian]] (orange), [[British Empire#Cape to Cairo|British]] (pink), [[French colonial empire|French]] (purple), [[German colonial empire|German]] (blue), [[Italian Empire|Italian]] (lime green), [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] (dark green), and [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] (yellow) empires }} [[File:Colonial Africa 1913 map.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|Areas of Africa controlled by [[Western European]] colonial empires in 1913, with current national boundaries superimposed {{Legend|#f7fab2|[[Belgian colonial empire|Beli̱gum]]}} {{Legend|#b6e3fc|[[French colonial empire|Farensa]]}} {{Legend|#bbfdd9|[[German colonial empire|Jamini]]}} {{Legend|#d2f89b|[[Italian Empire|Ntali]]}} {{Legend|#c0a6f2|[[Portuguese Empire|Potugat]]}} {{Legend|#eaaff7|[[Spanish Empire|pani̱t]]}} {{Legend|#fbc5c0|[[British Empire|A̱merika]]}} {{Legend|#f6f6f6|Swat a̱pyia̱}}]] Fwa [[Afi̱rika]] kuyet a̱ci̱t kya, ya-a̱nywuan, ma̱ng tyok ci̱t si̱ a̱lyiak [[Afi̱rika]] tat a̱niet a̱byin jenshyung [[Yurop]] tyok byia̱ cet shyia̱ mbwak bwan bubwan á̱ka̱vwuo a̱bwuanng a̱ka̱feang di̱n jen nang ndyia̱19th ma̱ng a̱faan ndyia̱ 20th mi̱ ce si̱ "Imperialism a̱fai": Belgium, [[Fi̱ransa (a̱byin)]], [[Jami̱ni]], [[Amerika A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱]], [[Italya]], [[Potugat]] ma̱ng [[Si̱pen]]. during the [[Cold War]], and decided to keep their colonial borders in the [[Organisation of African Unity]] conference of 1964 due to fears of civil wars and regional instability, placing emphasis on [[pan-Africanism]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Touval |first=Saadia |title=The Organization of African Unity and African Borders |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-organization_winter-1967_21_1/page/102 |journal=International Organization |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=102–127 |date=1967 |doi=10.1017/S0020818300013151 |jstor=2705705}}</ref> Mi̱ ndyia̱ 1870, 10% of the continent was formally under European control. By 1914, this figure had risen to almost 90%; the only states retaining sovereignty were [[Liberia]], [[Ethiopian Empire|Ethiopia]], [[Egba United Government|Egba]],{{Efn|The [[Egba United Government]], a government of the [[Egba people]], was legally recognised by the British as independent until being annexed into the [[Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria]] in 1914.<ref name=daly>{{Cite journal |last1=Daly |first1=Samuel Fury Childs |title=From Crime to Coercion: Policing Dissent in Abeokuta, Nigeria, 1900–1940 |journal=The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History |date=4 May 2019 |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=474–489 |doi=10.1080/03086534.2019.1576833 |s2cid=159124664 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03086534.2019.1576833 |issn=0308-6534|url-access=subscription }}</ref>}} [[Sultanate of Aussa|Aussa]], [[Senusiyya]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Hadaway |first=Stuart |title=Pyramids and Fleshpots: The Egyptian, Senussi and Eastern Mediterranean Campaigns (1914–1916) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yFGpBAAAQBAJ&dq=senussi+campaign&pg=PA15 |year=2014|publisher=The History Press |isbn=978-0-7509-5808-0 }}</ref> [[Mbunda Kingdom|Mbunda]],<ref name=cheke>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gUgwAQAAIAAJ|title=The history and cultural life of the Mbunda speaking peoples|last=Association|first=Cheke Cultural Writers|date=1994|publisher=The Association|isbn=9789982030069|language=en|chapter=Chapter 14: The Kolongongo War Against the Portuguese}}</ref> the [[Dervish State]], the [[Darfur Sultanate]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bassil |first=Noah R. |date=2006-12-01 |title=The Rise and Demise of the Keira Sultanate of Dar Fur |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13629380601036098 |journal=The Journal of North African Studies |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=347–364 |doi=10.1080/13629380601036098 |issn=1362-9387|url-access=subscription }}</ref> and the [[Ovambo people#History|Ovambo kingdoms]],<ref name=frieda>{{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Frieda-Nela |url=https://www.namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/e98ba4fc1c8f59083fee9dc64a32083e.pdf |title=Precolonial Communities of Southwestern Africa: A history of Owambo Kingdoms 1600–1920 |publisher=National Archives of Namibia |year=1991 |access-date=2024-03-07 |archive-date=2024-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307225349/https://www.namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/e98ba4fc1c8f59083fee9dc64a32083e.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Fokkens |first=Andries |title=The ovamboland expedition of 1917: the deposing of King Mandume |journal=Small Wars & Insurgencies |volume=34 |issue=2 |year=2023 |pages=382–421 |doi=10.1080/09592318.2022.2153468 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09592318.2022.2153468|url-access=subscription }}</ref> most of which were later conquered. == A̱ni̱nan == Ma̱ 1841, A̱tyok-abwuang ma̱ng [[Yurop]] si̱ kpaat a̱ba̱di̱dai gaat ka̱shwuo kpankpaan ma̱ nnan a̱sa̱khwot [[Afi̱rika]], a̱wot ba̱ ma̱ng a̱ti̱ri̱m nya bah ,a̱ si̱ bwok nyuo ma̱mi a̱byin, ba̱ si̱ lap vam ba̱ yong kpankpaan ma̱ng [[A̱ghyui]] ka. == Ya̱fang == {{Reflist}} ===Ntam á̱ ku shyei a̱ni=== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{Cite journal |last=Brantlinger |first=Patrick |title=Victorians and Africans: The Genealogy of the Myth of the Dark Continent |journal=Critical Inquiry |volume=12 |issue=1 |date=1985 |pages=166–203 |jstor=1343467 |s2cid=161311164 |doi=10.1086/448326 |url=http://www.uwf.edu/dearle/imperialadventure/imperial%20adventure/documents/brantlinger%20victorians%20and%20africans.pdf }} * {{cite book |last=Hochschild |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Hochschild |title=[[King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa]] |publisher=Pan Books |location=London |year=2006 |orig-year=1998 |isbn=978-0-330-44198-8}} * {{Cite book |last=Pakenham |first=Thomas |author-link=Thomas Pakenham (historian) |title= The Scramble for Africa: The White Man's Conquest of the Dark Continent from 1876 to 1912 |title-link=The Scramble for Africa (book) |location=London |publisher=Abacus |date=1991 |ol=9863165M |isbn=978-0-349-10449-2}} * {{Cite book |last1=Robinson |first1=Ronald |first2=John |last2=Gallagher |last3=Denny |first3=Alice |title=Africa and the Victorians: The official mind of imperialism |publisher=Macmillan |date=1961 |ol=17989466M |edition=2 |isbn=9780333310069}} * {{cite book |last=Shillington |first=Kevin |title=History of Africa |date=2005 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-333-59957-0}} * {{Cite book |last1=Southall |first1=Roger |last2=Melber |first2=Henning |author-link=Henning Melber |title=A New Scramble For Africa?: Imperialism, Investment and Development |publisher=University of KwaZulu-Natal Press |date=2009}} {{Refend}} hf0xoowb9tseleji7bs9x2c0x2i2yh6 Pan-A̱fi̱̇rikanizi̱m 0 6410 49157 44947 2026-08-18T04:04:30Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Pan-A̱fi̱̇rikanizi̱m/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Pan-A̱fi̱̇rikanizi̱m/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Pan-A̱fi̱̇rikanizi̱m/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Pan-A̱fi̱̇rikanizi̱m/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Pan-A̱fi̱̇rikanizi̱m/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Pan-A̱fi̱̇rikanizi̱m/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} Pan-Afirinikanizim ji yet a̱chyet a̱kakeang nia̱ na bam fhwo di̱ fuut mang beang cet chung di̱dung aniet ba shia̱ nta a neet ma kakeang Afirika a̱ni. ba bia̱ kyang ku shia̱ baa a̱zason a̱ni bam bwok nat jen liai khwo a̱tilanti,liai khwo ti̱ran-sahara, di̱ liai khwo abandang cen indiya̱, di̱ khwo ashong a̱gyui tam khwo ma kab koloni (ku yet A̱firika jenshung), ku chung didung ma tam khwo Moritanu tam khwo hu ni ku Nwo a̱swak aniet Afirika ku si shia̱ li̱n a̱mma aniet a̱firika ba shia̱ nta a̱ni A̱marika mang Irob.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Austin |first1=David |title=All Roads Led to Montreal: Black Power, the Caribbean and the Black Radical Tradition in Canada|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-american-history_fall-2007_92_4/page/516 | journal=[[Journal of African American History]] |date=Fall 2007 |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=516–539 |doi=10.1086/JAAHv92n4p516 |s2cid=140509880}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Oloruntoba-Oju |first=Omotayo |title=Pan Africanism, Myth and History in African and Caribbean Drama |journal=[[Black studies#Scholarly and academic journals|Journal of Pan African Studies]] |volume=5 |number=8 |date=December 2012 |pages=190 ff |url=https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-316072934/pan-africanism-myth-and-history-in-african-and-caribbean}}</ref> ashong, adi̱dyung mand aswout akob ng kolona na shia̱ mang tuta hu ani ta̱k shia̱ Ndung mang pan-Afirickanizm nang a̱̱lab di̱ bwoa̱k UNIA da lia̱ 1920 pan-Afirikanizm Shia̱ atying ka mami kwan mang apia̱ danyian a̱ ka shuot tia̱ mị khwo mang nia̱ khwo bwuak akakeang ashong. a̱hwot si̱ hu ni kwan ma appia̱ hu ka a̱ doot a̱shia hu bia̱ bwuak di̱ lak khwo hu da tyin awot ku sị mi̱ bai abung ba̱t mat ka ku ya a̱son da mi̱ fwung tyai khwo ku zang jen awot ka a̱ yaason ma vuot mi̱ tyai mi̱ khwo A̱di̱dyung A̱firikaa, ciet hu niet dī̇ cye 19th sencuari. Danyian nang mun apia beang ya ason aniet da vak abwang ani, di̱ swat, di̱ kwakason aniet, pan-afirikanizim bia̱ didam tung aniet awot ba taam bah aniet bah neet A̱firika. bam mang nia̱ di̱ lilia̱ cyikop swakfeang hwa nang Pan-Afirikanizm nshia̱ ghuut yon asham di̱ vak siyasa nan mman afirika na shia̱ nta ani nia kwakason tam hu. di̱ lilyia̱ chyikob swak makubunyung, lauya Tireneda wa ku yarong a̱tung a̱ ku nyia̱ mang nyio tung wistminta hu shyia landon a̱ni, ang ka yong a̱kwan avoun inyin bibyin aniet afirika nang ba nyia̱ tyok tazwa ba nyin a̱ni. si huni ku kwan mi̱ ghaap nan anyia̱ a̱di̱dyung aniet dyio ani mang nkyang jyang na na̱ beang ba a̱ni. kyang pan-Afirikanizm n tyia̱ bat a̱ni hu hwa yet aniet Afirika, a̱si̱ ba shyia̱ nta a̱ni̱ mang a̱si̱ ba shyia̱ a̱mali a̱ni byia̱ tarihi nyung. Pan-Afirikanizm hai nan aniet ba neet Afirika a̱ni Amerika ban tarihi nyung ku shia kuntyin di̱ lia khwo A̱tilanti̱k mang ntam khwo Mman A̱firika nbeang Iropiyang empiriyalizm. Pab-A̱firikanizm yet tam nyung hu beang kpaat atung A̱firika yuniti (Afirika yuniyon si̱ ngya̱ ason da lia̱ 1963.Afirika yuniyon kumishon si̱ byia̱ a̱vuo swat ba ka A̱disababah awot A̱firika Paliyamin si̱ byia̱ avuo swat ba ka Midi̱ran ashia̱ Juhanasbuk a̱ni. ==Ya̱fang== {{Reflist}} ̧ r9iawg2e0fhm222lyu6zsudhgvj28t8 Noomi (Kpa̱m A̱lyiat A̱gwaza) 0 6736 49159 41788 2026-08-18T04:07:00Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Noomi (Kpa̱m A̱lyiat A̱gwaza)/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Noomi (Kpa̱m A̱lyiat A̱gwaza)/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Noomi (Kpa̱m A̱lyiat A̱gwaza)/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Takad|[[Noomi (Kpa̱m A̱lyiat A̱gwaza)/Takad|Takad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyecaat|[[Noomi (Kpa̱m A̱lyiat A̱gwaza)/Tyeca̱rak|Tyeca̱rak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyuku|[[Noomi (Kpa̱m A̱lyiat A̱gwaza)/Tyuku|Tyuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Noomi''' (di a̱lyem A̱biru: נָעֳמִי, a̱lyem a̱si̱ manini: Noʻomī, a̱lyem Tiberiyan: Nā‘ŏmī) a̱ yet a̱kwang rut ma̱ kpam a̱lyiat a̱gwaza di hiburu ma nkhang rut.A̱ shyia̱ a̱lyoot ka neet di swanga̱lyia̱t hiburu ja na’im, a̱lyoot ks nyia̱ "kuyet, kyang a̱gwai, kyangcat, a̱cucuk kyang."[3] [[File:068.Naomi and Her Daughters-in-Law.jpg|thumb|068.Nawomi ma̱ng a̱ya a̱kwang nggu ba]] [[File:1795-William-Blake-Naomi-entreating-Ruth-Orpah.jpg|thumb|Nawomi nye ma̱ rut ma̱ng orpha ba bwuok naat ma̱mbyin ba ka]] ==Nkhang Kpam A̱lyiat A̱gwaza== Noomi yet a̱yang-a̱li wa a̱ gyeang a̱tyoli nang á̱ ngyei [[Elimelech (nkhang nggu na shyia̱ kpam a̱lyiat a̱gwaza)|Elimelech]]. jen jhyiung ba̱t ma̱ a̱keang mba ka wa tyia̱ ba si̱ doót ma̱ng mman mba na a̱feang neet [[Judi̱ya]] si̱ naat [[Moab]]. Nang ba̱ ni shyia̱ a̱ja wa Elimelech si khwu, ka̱p ma̱ng a̱fai nggu ba a̱feang nang ba̱ wa ka̱n nyia̱ nyeang di̱n jen ji. Ma̱ swuo a̱bung ba̱t, Nawomi si̱ bwuok a̱ naat Baitalami ma̱ a̱nyeang nggu wu a̱nyiung, [[Rut (nkhang nggu na shyia̱ kpam a̱lyiat a̱gwaza)|Rut]], nang á̱ ku lyia̱t ma̱ng nggu gu bwuok a̱naat ma̱ a̱niet nggu ba a̱ si̱ lak a̱ni.<ref name="je">[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/11308-naomi "Naomi"], ''[[Jewish Encyclopedia]]''</ref> A̱yeang nggu wu , [[Orpah]], si̱ swan ma̱ Moab ma̱ a̱niet nggu ba.6 Nang Nawomi bwuok ang kaat a̱keayang mba ka,a̱ si shim á̱niet [[Bethlehem|Baitalami]], "nyi yok gyei nin Nawomi ba, nyi yei nung ''Mara'' (מרא), da̱nian [[atyusan (god)|agwazah]] nyia nin a bibyia kyang". [[Barry Webb]] si nyia kyang anyiung wa si̱ mi̱n yet kyang bian fwuo nggu hu kyang hu yet ndang agyi si akhwu atyok nggu hu mang mman nggu na, mang bwuk ma akeayang gyang, mang kunak, ambam kyang hu si byian fwu nggu hu yet tuwoy kunak nggu hu wa si sang kuzang kyang nang gu za bia ani . <ref>Webb, ''Five Festal Garments'', 43.</ref> [[Abraham Kuyper]], si mang dam ,nyia ni bat "Nawomi byia didam ji yet ani neet din bin nggu hu, a si byia kunak aniet ba apyia cat apyia bat ba. <ref>[[Abraham Kuyper]], ''Women of the Old Testament'' (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1941), 89.</ref> nkyang kpam alyiat agwaza na si Rut lyuut sarai swuo abung si Nawomi mang Rut swuo ani bat mi swanta huni.<ref name=Trible>Trible, Phyllis. [http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/naomi-bible "Naomi: Bible"], ''Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia''. 20 March 2009. Jewish Women's Archive. Naomi told her people not to call her Naomi but to call her Mara because she said that the Almighty hath dealt very bitterly with me. (Viewed on August 7, 2014)</ref> bwuok nawomi ma̱ng Rut si̱ naat a̱keayang Baitalami ba si shyia̱ nang a̱ sin cak yak. Nawomi si nwuak rut shyim gu naat tang yak ma kuzang a̱byin nang nggu shyia̱ shim mba hu a̱ni. Rut nyia̱ ntam nggu na ma a̱byin si a̱tyoli[[Boaz]], a̱wot a̱khwuo nggu boaz si kan nyia̱ a̱lean nggu nyia̱ a̱yet a̱kwang Nawomi. a̱wot boaz si yet a̱tyik a̱neet a̱li a̱tyok nggu a̱ khwu a̱ni. a̱wot a̱ si nyia̱ gu yong a̱yia̱ tam ma̱ng a̱ngyuuk ba chuyok nggu yak a̱ni, a̱ wot a̱ si nwuak csm nyia̱ a̱ ya a̱khwuo nggu mab a̱tyik mba ba yok naat kpangkpaang ma̱ng nggu hu ba, ma̱t a̱nia din jen ya ysk ms̱ng swuo s̱sakhwuot a̱ ni ngyei nggu rut gu ba̱i ba swsn bs ya ndung. nang Nawomi si shyia̱ lyean nyia̱ rut shyia̱ nwuo ma̱ng cat da a̱vwuo Boaz, a̱ si kaat a̱ ma̱ng rut nyia̱ gu naat gu shyia̱ nggu: "...{{nbs}}a̱ si nyia̱ gu kup a̱ sham kyang nggu hu gu naat da a̱vwuo nang a̱ng kwang yak nggu hu Boaz a̱ni. a̱ si nyia̱ ds ku yok ksst nyia̱ nggu wa shyia̱ a̱ja ba nyia̱ gu fwuong gu tyiak ya yak mang swuo a̱sakhwuot nggu hu.a̱wot ka naat miyan a, nyia̱ nggu nwuang a̱vwuo miyan nggu ka. a̱wot nyia̱ gu naat gu khwuk ti̱ta̱k nggu ba, a̱wot gu myia̱ a̱ja. a̱ na kaat ma nwang kyang a̱ na nyia̱ a̱ni." ({{bibleverse|Ruth|3:3-4|HE}}) [[File:Schnorr von Carolsfeld Bibel in Bildern 1860 084.png|thumb|right|Naomi (center) walking with Ruth, woodcut by [[Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld]]]] Webb si bu lyuut nyia̱ kyang nang nawomi"si didam a̱ngyuik danian cat" nyia̱ da nian boaz gu ka nyiang a̱ni.<ref>Webb, ''a̱ya tood song a̱fwuon'', 38.</ref> Yitzhak Berger di nyia̱ nawomi ki dam rut gu nast gu myia mang nggu nang boaz, ma nang [[Tamar (Genesis)|Tamar]] ma̱ng a̱tyia̱ nggu hu [[Lot (biblical person)#nggoneayam|nggoneyam Lot]] ba si myia̱ mang "a̱tyia̱ khwuop a̱ shyia̱ a̱mali ka a̱ni nggu wa si yet a̱byiik a̱bin nggon nggu ka a̱ni."<ref>{{cite journal|last=Berger|first=Yitzhak|title=Ruth and Inner-Biblical Allusion: The Case of 1 Samuel 25|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biblical-literature_summer-2009_128_2/page/268|journal=[[Journal of Biblical Literature|JBL]] |year=2009|volume=128|issue=2|page=268}} Emphasis original.</ref> Ruth si nyiang[[Boaz]], a̱wot ba si byin nggon a̱ sá̱m, Nawomi si cat nggin ka bat,<ref name=je/> ma̱t a̱nian bat a̱ngyuik a̱keayang mba ka si kaat nyia ni: "Nawomi byia̱ nggoseayam" ([[Rut 4#a̱ badidai zunzhwuo 17|Ruth 4:17]]). ds̱ a̱nia kya nang, kpam a̱lyia̱t a̱gwaza ns lyuuy nkhang na a̱ngye ku yet nkhang mawomi wa: Gregory Goswell si lak shyim nyia̱ Nawomi wa yet a̱bangdsng a̱yin nang a̱lyuut nkhang na ''tazwa'' nggu a̱nims kpam a̱lyiat na a̱ni, rut wa si̱ yet atsatsak a̱tyo a̱byii nkhang na a̱ni ''a̱tsatsak'' nkhang nggu nyia̱.<ref>Gregory Goswell, "yi huwas ha nang a̱ lyuut kpam a̱lyiat na danian nggu a ? lulyoot kpam a̱lyiat na si̇̄ ya firist mang a̱ya a̱lyiat mba na", ''[[Pacifica (journal)|Pacifica]]'' 21 (2008), 8.</ref> a̱lyoot nggon ka ni ba̱t a̱ngyei nggu [[Obed (a̱yin kpam a̱lyia agwaza)|Obed]], nggu wa ku yet s̱tyia̱ [[Jesse (a̱lyoot a̱yin ma kpam a̱lyiat)|Jesse]]a̱wot nggu wa si yet a̱tyia̱ a̱khwuop nggu[[Dawuda]]. == Ya̱fang == [[Sa:Feminizi̠m ma̠ng Tashikum/2026]] muokx6fmibwu7tp6yhib0i3ifi999te Emili Busi̱kan 0 6741 49153 48468 2026-08-18T04:00:37Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[ Emili Busi̱kan/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[ Emili Busi̱kan/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[ Emili Busi̱kan/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[ Emili Busi̱kan/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[ Emili Busi̱kan/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[ Emili Busi̱kan/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Emili Busi̱kan''' (1901–1953) yet [[A̱niet Fa̱ransa|Fa̱ransa]] [[Feminizi̱m|feminizi̱m]], a̱nariko-fwun a̱yaat ma̱ng [[Nyian fi̱p di̱ tyok cit|fi̱p tyok ci̱t]] a̱tyu nzwop a̱ ku nyeang a̱nap a̱kwak a̱son a̱byin Aljeriya Messali Hadj. Á̱ lyen nggu ma̱ng shyia̱ ndung mi̱ a̱niet nok a̱toot a̱byin A̱ljeriya wu. ==Nkhang shyicet== A̱nyiung ma̱ng mmam a̱kubunyiung na, Emili laai a̱doot mi̱ a̱keang a̱sa̱ra̱i a̱vwuo-tyiet tat a̱pyia̱ si̱ Neuves-Maisons mi̱ Fa̱ransa a̱tyin a̱ ji wa nang a̱tyia̱ nggu wu nnyia̱ ta̱m mi̱ a̱di̱da̱i a̱vwuo shyui a̱baan.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Stora|first1=Benjamin|title=Messali Hadj 1898-1974|date=2004|publisher=Pluriel|location=Paris|page=48}}</ref> A̱tyia̱ nggu wu kuyet a̱tyonyiung ma̱ng mi̱ a̱nariko-fwun a̱yaat a̱wot á̱ si̱ tyia̱ nggu di̱ vak kwai nfwuo a̱niet neet nang gu nin ngyet a̱di̱da̱i.<ref name="Le Monde">{{cite news|last1=Kessous|first1=Mustapaha|date=23 January 2015|title=Émilie Busquant, la plus algérienne des Francaises|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/televisions-radio/article/2015/01/26/emilie-busquant-la-plus-algerienne-des-francaises_4563515_1655027.html|work=[[Le Monde]]|language=fr|access-date=19 October 2023}}</ref> Á̱ si̱ swak nat [[Parit|Parit]] a̱wot a̱ nyia̱ ta̱m mi̱ sot a̱gban a̱ sii̱ du myem ma̱ng fung a̱tyu nswat a̱byin [[Aljeriya]] ma̱ng a̱tyu saai a̱ka̱kurum a̱kwai nfwuo a̱niet, [[Messali Hadj]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Stora|title=Messali Hadj|page=48}}</ref> Ma̱nang hu kun ndi ma̱ a̱lyiat a̱vwuo-tyiet tat a̱pyia̱ a̱niet nyeang a̱ni, ba̱ doot a̱si̱ swan ndung da̱ mba ba̱ ka̱ nyia̱ nyeang ha tsa̱tsa̱p bah.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Gallissot|first1=René|title=Émilie Busquant, dite Mme Messali|journal=Insaniyat|date=2004|issue=25–26|page=151|doi=10.4000/insaniyat.6325 |url=https://insaniyat.revues.org/6325?lang=en#tocto1n2}}</ref> A̱bwuang mba wu, zang gu byin mba mman a̱feang, á̱ ku tyia̱ gu nyan mbwak ka̱u tyia̱ fwuo di̱ yaan a̱son ma̱ng a̱ka̱bung nyian fi̱p tyok cit.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Stora|first1=Benjamin|title=Dictionnaire biographique de militants nationalistes algériens|date=1985|publisher=L'Harmattan|page=404}}</ref> Di̱n jen nang á̱ nyim Messali a̱ labeang mi̱ jaru a̱ni, Emili yong a̱lyiat a̱kwonu nggu a̱wot a̱ si̱ nyia̱ ta̱m ma̱ng a̱wat nggu ka ma̱nang a̱byii̱k-Fa̱ransa si̱ a̱sa̱ra̱i bat kyang a̱pyia̱ a̱niet Fa̱ransa ba̱ shim nwuak a̱pyia̱ di̱ "fa tat a̱pyia̱|tat a̱pyia̱]]" Aljeriya.<ref>{{cite news|title=Discours de Mme Messali à La Mutualité|publisher=El Ouma|date=December 1934}}</ref> A̱ ku jen jhyang lyen gu cucuk ma̱nang a̱tyu nok a̱toot a̱byin A̱ljeriya. A̱wot nang a̱ mbyia̱ a̱ghang a̱niet ya fwuang tazwa a̱cucuk a̱tyu nok lyim ma̱ng a̱sai mbeang a̱shong a̱tangwat ma̱ng nyan crescent,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Houda|first1=B.|title=Le vert, le blanc, l'étoile et le croissant Qui a conçu le drapeau algérien ?|url=http://www.al-djazair.com/drapeaualgerien.html|access-date=28 February 2017|publisher=El Watan|date=20 August 1997|archive-date=13 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313033105/http://www.al-djazair.com/drapeaualgerien.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Emili á̱ lyen a̱mgba̱m ma̱ng dyep nyia̱ nggu wa twuai a̱toot a̱byin ntsa wu.<ref name="Le Monde"/> A̱ khwu mi̱ A̱ljeriya mi̱ 1953, A̱wot ma̱nang a̱tyok nggu wu wa ku shyia̱ mi̱ cung fwuong mi̱ Fa̱ransa. Á̱ ku nfwuong gu li kwom a̱byii̱k wu ma̱ a̱gbaat a̱khwu wu. A̱bibyiai 10,000 khwi a̱kwati nggu wu, nang á̱ gat mi̱ a̱toot a̱byin Aljeriya wu, kai vak a̱ba̱ndang a̱keang Aljeriya wu di̱ vak naat a̱fwung a̱taituut ka. Niat kwom nggu hu mi̱ Neuves-Maisons á̱ ku shyia̱ a̱gwam bya ma̱ng aniet á̱ fak dyo ma̱ng susot ji nang ku ya a̱lyia̱ wot ma̱ng a̱tyok nggu wu, mbwak a̱cam mman shan, a̱ si̱ nwuak a̱lyia̱ dyep a̱ njhyung a̱cyiet nggu ka a̱wot kwi gu "nyan mun a̱pyiā̄ Aljeriya ma̱ng a̱niet Fa̱ransa mi̱ swuo a̱bung ba̱ nyia̱ ndung a̱ni".{{sfn|Gallissot|2004|p=157}} A̱jujung nla̱mba á̱ buung, a̱keang nggu ka si̱ ghwut ma̱ng kyang ba̱ si̱ kpaat da̱nian á̱ ni jhyung gu ma̱ song mman jhyung swak ma̱ng a̱fwuon na si̱ a̱khwu nggu mi̱ 2003 a̱wot 2015 lyuut mbwak a̱kwak a̱son Rabah Zanoun si̱ tyai a̱niet cat Fa̱ransa ba nkhyang nggu na di̱ jen ntsa.<ref name="Le Monde"/> == Fang a̱zanson == {{refbegin|2}} *{{cite book|last=Drew|first=Allison|year=2014|chapter=‘This land is not for sale’ Communists, nationalists and the popular front|title=We are no longer in France|publisher=[[Manchester University Press]]|isbn=9781847799210|doi=10.7765/9781847799210.00013}} *{{cite journal|last=Goebel|first=Michael|year=2019|title=Spokesmen, Spies, and Spouses: Anticolonialism, Surveillance, and Intimacy in Interwar France|url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-modern-history_2019-06_91_2/page/380|journal=[[The Journal of Modern History]]|volume=91|issue=2|pages=380–414|issn=0022-2801|doi=10.1086/703145}} *{{cite journal|last=Hachemaoui|first=Mohammed|year=2020|title=Algeria: From One Revolution to the Other? The Metamorphosis of the State-Regime Complex|journal=Sociétés politiques comparées|issue=51|issn=2429-1714|url=https://fasopo.org/sites/default/files/varia2_n51.pdf|pages=1–69}} *{{cite journal|last=MacMaster|first=Neil|year=2011|title=The Role of European Women and the Question of Mixed Couples in the Algerian Nationalist Movement in France, Circa 1918–1962|journal=[[French Historical Studies]]|volume=34|issue=2|pages=357–386|issn=0016-1071|doi=10.1215/00161071-1157376}} *{{cite journal|last=Nadi|first=Selim|year=2018|title=The Algerian Revolution, the French state and the colonial counter-revolutionary strategy of the Holy Republic|journal=[[International Journal of Francophone Studies]]|volume=21|issue=3–4|pages=301–323|issn=1368-2679|doi=10.1386/ijfs.21.3-4.301_1}} *{{cite journal|last=Phipps|first=Caroline|year=2022|title='Disgusting and Intolerable': Sexual Relationships between European Women and Moroccan Men in French Morocco in the 1940s and 1950s|journal=[[Gender & History]]|volume=34|issue=1|pages=222–242|issn=0953-5233|doi=10.1111/1468-0424.12525|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|last=Rominger|first=Chris|year=2018|title=Nursing Transgressions, Exploring Difference: North Africans in French Medical Spaces during World War I|journal=[[International Journal of Middle East Studies]]|volume=50|issue=4|pages=691–713|doi=10.1017/S0020743818000880}} *{{cite thesis|last=Zagoria|first=Janet Dorsch|year=1973|title=The Rise and Fall of the Movement of Messali Hadj in Algeria, 1924-1954|type=[[PhD]]|publisher=[[Columbia University]]|id={{ProQuest|7412775}}}} {{refend}} ==Ya̱fang== [[Sa:Feminizi̠m ma̠ng Tashikum/2026]] 7gwr0b0zi8wlvgaxkbfsg6mkp5y8vxr Peggy Antrobus 0 6968 49158 47204 2026-08-18T04:05:59Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Peggy Antrobus/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Peggy Antrobus/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Peggy Antrobus/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Peggy Antrobus/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Peggy Antrobus/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Peggy Antrobus/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Peggy Anturobut''' (byin 1935) yet [[feminism|tashikum]] atio kwok hoto, atio lyuut, mang nggwon makaranta ma [[Caribbean]] wu.<ref name="WLP ">{{cite web | url=http://www.learningpartnership.org/node/1768 | title=Peggy Antrobus | publisher=Women's Learning Partnership | access-date=30 May 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125213118/http://www.learningpartnership.org/no | archive-date=25 January 2018 | url-status=dead }}</ref> A nyis tam di yong atio kau adidam da ntam anyiuk ma avwuo agomnati [[Jamaica]], awor mang manang [[United Nations]] atio kau adidam davvuo [[Barbados]] Ministry of Social Transformation.<ref name="Fernwood">{{cite web | url=https://fernwoodpublishing.ca/authors/view/peggy-antrobus | title=Peggy Antrobus | publisher=Fernwood Publishing | access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="Alliance">{{cite web | url=http://www.alliancemagazine.org/interview/interview-peggy-antrobus/ | title=Interview - Peggy Antrobus | publisher=Alliance Magazine | date=1 September 2005 | access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref> A yet a shyiat nok akavwuo nfwuo anyiuk madidit, duk mang [[Caribbean Association for Feminist Research and Action]] (CAFRA),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cafra-regional.org|title=Caribbean Association for Feminist Research and Action – Caribbean Association for Feminist Research and Action|website=www.cafra-regional.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-09|archive-url=h ttps://web.archive.org/web/20180310200748/http://www.cafra-regional.org/|archive-date=2018-0 3-10|url-status=dead}}</ref> abandang global aniet nfwuo anyiuk netwok atak na [[Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era]] (DAWN), mang [[International Gender and Trade Network]] (IGTN).<ref name="DandC">{{cite journal | title=Reflections: Peggy Antrobus | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_development-and-change_2006-11_37_6/page/n202 | author=Reddock, Rhoda | journal=Development and Change | year=2006 | volume=37 | issue=6 | pages=1365–1377| doi=10.1111/j.1467-7660.2006.00532.x | doi-access= }}</ref> A yet atio lyuut asi ''swanta aciyet anyiuk: atseli, matseloli mang damuwa'' ([[Zed Books]], 2004).<ref name="OCLC">{{cite book | title=The Global Women's Movement : Origins, Issues and Strategies |oclc = 57201794}}</ref><ref name="BGD">{{cite web | url=http://www.buildingglobaldemocracy.org/node/1789 | title=The Global Women's Movement: Origins, Issues and Strategies | publisher=Building Global Democracy | access-date=30 May 2016 | archive-date=20 August 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820141037/http://www.buildingglobaldemocracy.o/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Yet nggwon ma̱ng fang tat a̱pyia == Antrobus aku byin ngu hu ma [[Grenada]] ma lyia 1935. Asi nyia meayam ngu mang [[St. Lucia]] Mang St. Joseph's Convent asi bu shai asi nat mang St. Vincent Girl's High School. Asi nyia meayam hu mang bachelor's mang [[economics]] ma [[Bristol University]] ma lyia 1954, asi nat gu li nang gu shia yet abandang satificat mang [[social work]] mang [[University of Birmingham]], United Kingdom. Asi tiak doctorate ngu hu mang [[education]] at the [[University of Massachusetts]], [[Amherst, Massachusetts|Amherst]] ma lyia 1998.<ref name="FemStud">{{cite journal | url=https://michellevrowley.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/rowley_feministstudiesantrobus1.pdf | title=Feminist Visions for Women in a New Era: An Interview with Peggy Antrobus |author1=Rowley, Michelle |author2=Antrobus, Peggy | journal=Feminist Studies | year=2007| volume=33 | issue=1 | pages=64–87}}</ref> ==Yet nggwon ma̱ng tam fang == Antrobus aku khai gu atyu tyiat anyiuk asi Affairs asi gomnati mang Jamaica ma lyia 1974. According to Michelle Rowley, asi nyia mun apyia si professor si [[women's studies]] mang [[University of Maryland]], si hu ni wa yet farko si Antrobus' feminist consciousness.<ref name="FemStud" /> Ma lyia 1987, a si hada anyiuk ba asi byeang nba ba si doot mang cet mang Unit nba hu (WAND) mang [[University of the West Indies]] (UWI) ngu wa ku yet apyia ka had si nat njen nang a jong gu fyung ani ma lyia 1995.<ref name="Fernwood" /> ==Yafang== [[Sa:Feminizi̠m ma̠ng Tashikum/2026]] oypo9g4282lb11rct0c4d3wq50blxo5 Ga̱si̱pat Yangga 0 6984 49156 41448 2026-08-18T04:03:36Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Ga̱si̱pat Yangga/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Ga̱si̱pat Yangga/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Ga̱si̱pat Yangga/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Ga̱si̱pat Yangga/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Ga̱si̱pat Yangga/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Ga̱si̱pat Yangga/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Ga̱si̱pat Yangga''' ku '''Gaspar Yanga''' (byin 1545),<ref name="bpast">[http://www.blackpast.org/gah/yanga-gaspar-c-1545#sthash.GsJ8EyXY.dpuf Luis Camilla, "Gaspar Yanga"], Black Past, á̱ khwuk a̱tuk mam 10 Zwat Swak na̱ng Sweang 2014</ref> á̱ tsa bu mi̱ ngyei '''Yangga''' ku '''Nyangga''' a̱ni, ku yet a̱tyu fam A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ Afi̱rika wa, a̱nyan wa ku kwak a̱sorong [[A̱marun]] ka̱ yet Á̱nietafi̱rika ba̱ yet á̱khwo a̱ni a̱son nat a̱za̱fan ka kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱keang Veraki̱rut, Si̱pen Swai di̱n jen tyok ta̱wap-a̱byin A̱si̱pen ji. Ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1609, Yangga si̱ yet a̱kwak a̱son tyeizat a̱ si̱ swuocet A̱si̱pen ba nang ba̱ ku nwuo ma̱ mba da̱ a̱vwuonswat A̱marun ka a̱ni. Di̱n vak kai á̱ghyang ma̱ng a̱ca̱cet á̱nieta̱wap-a̱byin ba, Yangga (ku á̱ka̱mbwon nggu na) si̱ shyia̱ A̱marun ba swat ma̱ sa̱t ma̱ng a̱wat tyok á̱pyia̱ mba ka tsi̱tsak a̱lyia̱ 1618 ma̱ng 1641. A̱keang ka á̱ si̱ ngyei San Lorenzo de los Negros, a̱wot kikya si̱ yet a̱keang bibyin A̱merika ka ka̱ tsa shyia̱ swat sa̱t a̱ni.<ref name="proctor2009">{{cite book |last1=Proctor |first1=Frank |editor1-last=Vinson III |editor1-first=Ben |editor2-last=Restall |editor2-first=Matthew |title=Black Mexico: Race and Society from Colonial to Modern Times |date=2009 |publisher=University of New Mexico Press |isbn=978-0-8263-4701-5 |pages=24&ndash;27 |chapter=Slave Rebellion and Liberty in Colonial Mexico}}</ref><ref name="Rowell2008">{{cite journal |first=Charles Henry |last=Rowell |title=El Primer Libertador de las Americas: Editor's Notes |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_callaloo_winter-2008_31_1/page/n6 |journal=Callaloo |volume=31 |issue=1 |year=2008 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1353/cal.0.0003 |s2cid=161778820 }}</ref><ref name="AfricaAmericas">Curto, José C. and Renée Soulodre-LaFrance. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=LmFyGzpUS5oC&dq=gaspar+yanga&pg=PA176 Africa and the Americas]''. Africa World Press: Trenton, New Jersey. 2005. ng. 174-177.</ref> ==A̱ya̱fang== {{reflist}} [[Sa:Byin 1545]] 4rs7agbt394t6ics9ze5m36t40kd1e0 A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra 0 7681 49155 43300 2026-08-18T04:02:23Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra''' ([[A̱kum-a̱cyi (a̱lyem)|A̱kum-a̱cyi:]] {{Lang|ig|Alaọha Anambra}}; {{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Chinwoke 01-Anambra State.wav|Fa̱k|help=no}}) yet a&nbsp;a̱byin badundung kya&nbsp;di̱ fam&nbsp;A̱tak-A̱tyin [[Naijeriya]]&nbsp;ka̱ byia̱ gak ma̱ngby&nbsp;[[A̱byin Da̱li̱ta|Da̱li̱ta]]&nbsp;di̱ fam jenshyung hu,&nbsp;[[A̱byin Imo|Imo]] ma̱ng&nbsp;[[A̱byin Rivat|Rivat]] di̱ fam a̱tak hu,&nbsp;[[A̱byin Inugu|Inugu]]&nbsp;di̱ fam a̱tyin hu ma̱ng&nbsp;[[A̱byin Kogi|Kogi]]&nbsp;di̱ fam a̱za hu.<ref>{{cite web | title=Igbo culture, Awka, Onitsha, Map | website=Encyclopedia Britannica | date=2025-08-25 | url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Anambra | access-date=2025-09-04}}</ref> A̱keang Oka kya yet a̱cyian&nbsp;a̱byin ka<ref>{{Cite news| title=A vision for Awka |newspaper=The Nation| date=2015-03-05 | url=https://thenationonlineng.net/a-vision-for-awka/amp/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria| access-date=2025-09-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | title=24 Years After... Anambra Still In Search For A Befitting Capital |newspaper=The Guardian| date=2015-09-27 | url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/24-years-after-anambra-still-in-search-for-a-befitting-capital/ |location=[[Legwot]], [[Naijeriya]]| access-date=2025-09-04}}</ref> ma̱nang&nbsp;[[A̱ni̱ca]] wa si̱ yet a̱gba̱ndang a̱keang wu ma̱ng shi á̱niet.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Simwa | first=Adrianna | title=The largest town in Anambra State in 2018 and interesting facts about it |newspaper=Legit.ng| date=2018-12-18 | url=https://www.legit.ng/1210231-biggest-town-anambra-state-terms-population-facts-it.html | access-date=2025-09-04}}</ref> Á̱ ku ci̱t a̱lyoot a̱byin kikya neet ma̱ a̱si̱ A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra a̱lyen ka, fam hu á̱ ku ka̱u á̱ si̱ shyia̱ bibyin Inugu, A̱na̱mba̱ra, ma̱ng nkap A̱bonyi a̱fwun a̱ni. Á̱ kpaat a̱khwukhwop A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra wu ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1976 kya neet mi̱ A̱byin A̱tyin-A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ gbangbang ka. A̱lyoot ka neet ma̱ A̱ghyui Omambala kikya, a̱ghyui a̱ghyang ka̱ kpa̱ra̱m a̱ sweap a̱byin ka a̱ni. A̱lyoot ''Omambala'' kikya A̱shong ba si̱ bwuak ka̱ si̱ yet "A̱na̱mba̱ra" a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grid 3 |first=Nigeria |title=Anambra |url=https://grid3.gov.ng/state/about/anambra |access-date=26 June 2022 |archive-date=26 Zwat A̱kubunyiung 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926112324/https://grid3.gov.ng/state/about/anambra |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ezenwa-Ohaeto |first=Ngozi |date=2013 |title=Sociolinguistic import of name-clipping among Omambala cultural zone in Anambra state |url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/cajtms/article/view/117032 |journal=Creative Artist: A Journal of Theatre and Media Studies |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=111–128}}</ref> A̱cyian a̱byin kikya yet Oka. A̱keang A̱ni̱ca, a̱keang a̱na̱nwuai a̱ghyui ka̱ byia̱ nkhang a̱ni neet di̱n jen ta̱wap-a̱byin A̱bi̱ri̱ti̱n ji, si̱ ya a̱son di̱ yet a̱tsatsak a̱cyian kaswuo ma̱ a̱byin ka, ma̱nang Nnewi si̱ yet feang hu di̱ shi yaan kaswuo hu ku si̱ bu a̱gba̱ndang a̱vwuo jhyi nkyang nfai meang.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Onitsha {{!}} Location, Facts, & Population {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Onitsha-Nigeria |access-date=2022-03-12 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> A̱lyoot tam A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra kikya yet "Sai A̱byin hu," a̱wot kikya si̱ yet [[Lyulyoot sí̱tet Naijeriya di̱n vak shi á̱niet|swak ma̱ng a̱naai hu ma̱ng shi á̱niet]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 10 Most Populated States in Nigeria (2022) |url=http://www.wefinder24.com/2022/02/top-10-most-populated-states-in-nigeria.html |access-date=2022-08-30}}</ref> mi̱ Naijeriya, shimba á̱ghyang á̱niet ku ya fwuang ba̱t nyia̱ A̱ni̱ca, ''Africapolis'' ku ta̱taat nyia̱ a̱keang ka̱ shi a̱ swak kuzang ka ma̱ a̱byin ka mi̱ shi kyai a̱byin mbeang shi á̱niet shyia̱ ma̱ng á̱niet milyon 8.5 ma̱ng kyang tazwa ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 2022, a̱wot si̱ a̱hwa si̱ tyia̱ [[A̱ni̱ca]] si̱ yet a̱vwuo a̱nyiung ma̱ a̱ka̱vwuo na̱ yet a̱ca̱cet a̱ni mi̱ [[Naijeriya]] di̱n vak shi á̱niet.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Onitsha, Nigeria Metro Area Population 1950-2022 |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/22013/onitsha/population |access-date=2022-03-08 |website=www.macrotrends.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 50 Agglomerations in Africa|url=https://africapolis.org/en/research/top-50-largest-agglomerations|publisher=Africapolis}}|</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |first1=Dominic Chukwuka |last1=Ndulue |first2=Romanus Udegbunam |last2=Ayadiuno |date=2021 |title=PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING MODE OF MOVEMENT IN ANAMBRA STATE, SOUTH EAST NIGERIA |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352166052 |journal=Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=3837–3848}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=World |first=Population Review |date=2022 |title=Population of Cities in Nigeria (2022) |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/cities/nigeria |access-date=26 Zwat A̱taa 2022}}</ref> A̱vwuo ka nang á̱ lyen a̱fwun nang A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra a̱ni ku yet a̱ta̱bat tat-a̱ghyi ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t bya neet mi̱ kyang ku na lat ndyia̱ 800 ndbK na bah, nang A̱byintyok Nri gbangbang ka, nang a̱cyian kikya yet a̱keang nkhang Igbo-Ukwu ka ma̱ a̱byin ka a̱ja. A̱lyiak á̱niet-swat a̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra ba yet [[A̱kum-a̱cyi (nwap)|A̱kum-a̱cyi]] kya,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anambra State – SENDEF|url=http://southeast.ng/sendef/the-region/anambra-state/|access-date=2021-03-09|language=en-US|archive-date=3 Zwat A̱taa 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603164103/http://southeast.ng/sendef/the-region/anambra-state/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Igbo, sometimes (especially formerly) referred to as Ibo, are one of the largest single ethnicities in Africa|url=https://faculty.ucr.edu/~legneref/igbo/igbo2.htm|access-date=2021-03-09|website=faculty.ucr.edu}}</ref> a̱wot [[A̱kum-a̱cyi (a̱lyem)|a̱lyem A̱kum-a̱cyi]] kikya si̱ yet a̱lyem tai a̱byin ka.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Onumajuru|first=V. C.|date=2016-06-06|title=A contrastive study of two varieties of Onicha and the Central Igbo language|url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijah/article/view/137075|journal=AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities|language=en|volume=5|issue=2|pages=225–240|doi=10.4314/ijah.v5i2.18|issn=2227-5452|doi-access=free}}</ref> Di̱n jen Zwang Ojukwu ji (1967–1970), A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra ku yet kap a̱byin-tyat kikya nang á̱ ku ngyei [[Byafra|Ga̱maá̱niet Byafi̱ra]] a̱ni nang á̱niet a̱guguut a̱byin A̱kum-a̱cyi bibya ku kpaat a̱ni. A̱na̱mba̱ra ku swuoa̱bung ba̱t mat zwang a̱ja.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-01-15|title=Remembering Nigeria's Biafra war that many prefer to forget|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-51094093|access-date=2021-03-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Derrick|first=Jonathan|date=1984|title=West Africa's Worst Year of Famine|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_african-affairs_1984-07_83_332/page/281|journal=African Affairs|volume=83|issue=332|pages=281–299|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097620|jstor=722349|issn=0001-9909}}</ref> A̱fwun ka, A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra yet a̱nyiung mami bibyin badundung Naijeriya nang á̱niet swan a̱ka̱keang a̱ swak a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anambra State Government – Light Of The Nation|url=https://old.anambrastate.gov.ng/urbanization-and-regional-planning|access-date=2021-03-09|website=old.anambrastate.gov.ng|archive-date=18 Zwat Swak ma̱ng Jhyiung 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118150649/https://old.anambrastate.gov.ng/urbanization-and-regional-planning|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria: poverty rate, by state 2019|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1121438/poverty-headcount-rate-in-nigeria-by-state/|access-date=2021-03-09|website=Statista|language=en}}</ref> ==A̱ya̱fang== {{reflist}} {{Bibyin Badundung Naijeriya}} [[Sa:A̱byin A̱na̱mba̱ra|*]] [[Sa:Bibyin Badundung Naijeriya]] 3k1hrpxoat0t1uzu5ji93e9mnh41f1o Zambya 0 7890 49162 48676 2026-08-18T04:09:15Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Zambya/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Zambya/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Zambya/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Zambya/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Zambya/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Zambya/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Country |name = Ga̱maá̱niet Zambya<br><small>Republic of Zambia (Shong)</small> |flag = Flag of Zambia.svg |coa = Coat of arms of Zambia.svg |image = Zambia (orthographic projection).svg |capital = [[Lusaka]] |area = 752,617 sq km (290,587 sq mi.)<ref name="area">{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2004/Table03.pdf |title=Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density |author=United Nations Statistics Division |access-date=9 Zwat Swak ma̱ng Jhyiung 2007 |archive-date=31 Zwat Swak 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031023924/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2004/Table03.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> |population = 20,216,029<ref name=WorldFactbook2023>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Zambia|year=1 Zwat Swak 2024}}</ref> |year = 2023 }} {{Databox}} '''Zambya''', á̱ lyen ma̱ng a̱lyoot a̱gwomna̱ti ka nang '''Ga̱maá̱niet Zambya''', yet a̱byin kya nang bibyin ghyáng keang di̱ tityak a̱ni mi̱ fam [[A̱tak Afi̱rika]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Henderson|first=Ian|date=1970|title=The Origins of Nationalism in East and Central Africa: The Zambian Case|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-history_1970_11_4/page/591|journal=The Journal of African History|volume=11|issue=4|pages=591–603|doi=10.1017/S0021853700010471|jstor=180923|s2cid=154296266 |issn=0021-8537}}</ref> Di̱ fam a̱za hu, a̱byin ka byia̱ gak ma̱ng bibyin [[Ga̱maá̱niet Di̱moki̱rasi Konggo]], [[Ta̱nzaniya]] mi̱ fam a̱za naat a̱tyin hu, [[Ma̱lawi]] mi̱ fam a̱tyin hu, [[Mozambik]] mi̱ fam a̱tak naat a̱tyin, [[Zi̱mbabwe]] ma̱ng [[Botswana]] mi̱ fam a̱tak hu, [[Namibya]] mi̱ fam a̱tak naat jenshyung, mbeang [[Anggola]] mi̱ fam jenshyung hu. A̱cyia̱-a̱byin Zambya kikya yet a̱keang [[Lusaka]], ka̱ shyia̱ di̱ fam a̱tak naat a̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ a̱byin Zambya hu. A̱lyiak á̱niet a̱byin wu shyia̱ di̱ fam Lusaka wa mi̱ fam a̱tak hu mbeang Jen Copperbelt ji di̱ fam a̱za hu, a̱ka̱cyia̱ tungzwa a̱byin Zambya na. ==A̱ya̱fang== {{reflist}} ==A̱ka̱fwuop nta== {{Bibyin Afi̱rika}} [[Sa:Bibyin Afi̱rika]] [[Sa:Bibyin swanta]] [[Sa:Tyap Wiki Bootcamp Season 3]] i5jh2ihrpnzvj98lpyz43zw97wubj17 Lesoto 0 7891 49151 49108 2026-08-18T00:17:57Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 49151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Lesoto/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Lesoto/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Lesoto/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Lesoto/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Lesoto/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Lesoto/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Lesoto''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Lesotho.wav|l|ɪ|ˈ|s|uː|t|uː}} {{respell|lih|SOO|too}};<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/lesotho|title=lesotho noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes {{!}} Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com|website=www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311081136/https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/lesotho|archive-date=11 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite LPD|3}}</ref> {{IPA|st|lɪˈsʊːtʰʊ}}<!-- Do NOT add pronunciation outside of the note, as per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section]]. -->),{{efn|The country is also known by the nicknames "the Mountain Kingdom" ({{langx|st|'Muso oa Thaba}}) and "the Kingdom in the Sky" ({{langx|st|'Muso o Leholimong}}).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Office Of The King |url=https://www.gov.ls/office-of-the-king |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=Government Of Lesotho |language=en-US |archive-date=12 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312155115/https://www.gov.ls/office-of-the-king/ |url-status=live }}</ref>}}'''agangang abyin tyiok Lesoto'''{{efn|{{langx|st|Naha ea Lesoto}}}}, yet afwuop-abyin mi atak fam Afirika. Manang atak Afirika keang ani,kakya yet agbandang mang ayagwam atat bia Shia ma gam hu. Lesoto Shyia mang [[Maloti Mountains]], agbandang afan ma yak Afirika with the .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maloti Mountains {{!}} Drakensberg, Lesotho Highlands, Southern Africa {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Maloti-Mountains |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124193607/https://www.britannica.com/place/Maloti-Mountains |url-status=live }}</ref> ka byia It has an area of over {{convert|30000|km2|mi2|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}, mang aniet manang milion 2.3 akakeangtung agbandang fam hu yet [[Maseru]]. Lesoto kpaat ma lyia 1824 [[Moshoeshoe I was ku kpaet|agwam Moshoeshoe I]]. ayaason mang khwet abyin ka. Ba so yason mang swat Aniet swat dot si tyi agwam si nyie alikawali ,mang munapyai abyin tyiok [[fwun]] ma lyia1868, bang si nay 1884, [[tyiokcit]]. [[Nkhang Lesoto|It archieved independence]] ma tyia 1966, Ku si cong atat avwuo nang tyiok hu si bwuak nat [[Basotho National Party]] (BNP) ba bang tyiok hu tat atyia swangfeang.Ba si bwuok mang tswang abyin ji ma lyia 1993 tyiok hu ku shyei ambwuak akhwotakpop wa, ba ku bang tyiok hu ku si nyei alyia anatat ambwuak ba. [[Moshoeshoe II of Lesoto|King Moshoeshoe II]] a Ku nyi aribidi ma byin ka ma lyia aniet ba si tyiong 1990 ,ba si bwuok ma lyia 1992 a si bu bwuok doo ma lyia 1995.alyia anyuik answuak ani, Moshoeshoe II si khwuo angwan gu [[Letsie III]] si kyiak tyiok hu bang BA tat afwun. Nwap soto (na a̱ngya̱i Basoto), a jawa mang abyin nshye aliut ka, ba kpaat mbaka yet 99.7% mang akpa anyiet Na shyia ma abyin ka ani, making it one of the most hu tyia lyia̱n ba mang swanta. a̱nghyei a̱lyiam ba̱ ka, Sesoto, hu shyia̱ ma̱ng akhwukhwop ngwap nang a̱ lyiat ma̱ byin ka mang shong, IsiXhosa, ma̱ng SiPhuthi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lesotho Government Gazette Number 73 |date=31 August 2022 |url=https://gazettes.africa/akn/ls/officialGazette/government-gazette/2022-08-31/73/eng@2022-08-31 |access-date=26 July 2025 |archive-date=2025-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250813161055/https://gazettes.africa/akn/ls/officialGazette/government-gazette/2022-08-31/73/eng@2022-08-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lesoho shyia ma̱ng a̱ ba̱ na̱ng a̱khwi shonshion ma̱ng a̱ka̱uwa̱tyia̱ na̱ng kurum nwuai a̱byin na̱ng cat kurum ma̱ng tswa̱ nshyia sha̱nsham ma byin a̱ni,a̱wa̱t bibia lan ma̱ng a̱ si̱ ba̱ na̱t fa̱nk hu a̱ni ma a̱firica (81% as of 2021). Lesotho is a member of the United Nations, memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, and the Southern African Development Community. A̱gwam Moshoeshoe ma̱ng a̱nyiet kwa̱i nfwuo Basutoland bai dundungas ma̱ jen tyiok a̱gwam Moshoeshoe I ma lyia 1822.[12] Moshoeshoe, nggwon Mokhachane, adidai a̱gwam ma ba a̱kea̱n Bakoteli, kpaat singu sut ngguwa si ba̱ng tyiok hu neet ma̱ lyia 1804. si nat 1820 ma̱ng1823,nggu ma̱ng aniet ngguba si swan ma̱ he and his followers settled at the Butha-Buthe Mountain, joining with former adversaries in resistance against the Lifaqane associated with the reign of Shaka kaSenzangakhona neet 1818 si nat 1828. === <ref name=":5" /> ==Ayafang== <references /> == Akafwuop nta == [[Sa:Tyap Wiki Bootcamp Season 3]] qy0lkla0kwp6d9p0rk6hutksl6zryoy 49166 49151 2026-08-18T11:44:26Z 2be trusted 3033 /* */ 49166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Lesoto/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Lesoto/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Lesoto/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Lesoto/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Lesoto/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Lesoto/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Lesoto''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Lesotho.wav|l|ɪ|ˈ|s|uː|t|uː}} {{respell|lih|SOO|too}};<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/lesotho|title=lesotho noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes {{!}} Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com|website=www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311081136/https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/lesotho|archive-date=11 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite LPD|3}}</ref> {{IPA|st|lɪˈsʊːtʰʊ}}<!-- Do NOT add pronunciation outside of the note, as per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section]]. -->),{{efn|The country is also known by the nicknames "the Mountain Kingdom" ({{langx|st|'Muso oa Thaba}}) and "the Kingdom in the Sky" ({{langx|st|'Muso o Leholimong}}).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Office Of The King |url=https://www.gov.ls/office-of-the-king |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=Government Of Lesotho |language=en-US |archive-date=12 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312155115/https://www.gov.ls/office-of-the-king/ |url-status=live }}</ref>}}'''agangang abyin tyiok Lesoto'''{{efn|{{langx|st|Naha ea Lesoto}}}}, yet afwuop-abyin mi atak fam Afirika. Manang atak Afirika keang ani,kakya yet agbandang mang ayagwam atat bia Shia ma gam hu. Lesoto Shyia mang [[Maloti Mountains]], agbandang afan ma yak Afirika with the .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maloti Mountains {{!}} Drakensberg, Lesotho Highlands, Southern Africa {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Maloti-Mountains |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124193607/https://www.britannica.com/place/Maloti-Mountains |url-status=live }}</ref> ka byia It has an area of over {{convert|30000|km2|mi2|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}, mang aniet manang milion 2.3 akakeangtung agbandang fam hu yet [[Maseru]]. Lesoto kpaat ma lyia 1824 [[Moshoeshoe I was ku kpaet|agwam Moshoeshoe I]]. ayaason mang khwet abyin ka. Ba so yason mang swat Aniet swat dot si tyi agwam si nyie alikawali ,mang munapyai abyin tyiok [[fwun]] ma lyia1868, bang si nay 1884, [[tyiokcit]]. [[Nkhang Lesoto|It archieved independence]] ma tyia 1966, Ku si cong atat avwuo nang tyiok hu si bwuak nat [[Basotho National Party]] (BNP) ba bang tyiok hu tat atyia swangfeang.Ba si bwuok mang tswang abyin ji ma lyia 1993 tyiok hu ku shyei ambwuak akhwotakpop wa, ba ku bang tyiok hu ku si nyei alyia anatat ambwuak ba. [[Moshoeshoe II of Lesoto|King Moshoeshoe II]] a Ku nyi aribidi ma byin ka ma lyia aniet ba si tyiong 1990 ,ba si bwuok ma lyia 1992 a si bu bwuok doo ma lyia 1995.alyia anyuik answuak ani, Moshoeshoe II si khwuo angwan gu [[Letsie III]] si kyiak tyiok hu bang BA tat afwun. Nwap soto (na a̱ngya̱i Basoto), a jawa mang abyin nshye aliut ka, ba kpaat mbaka yet 99.7% mang akpa anyiet Na shyia ma abyin ka ani, making it one of the most hu tyia lyia̱n ba mang swanta. a̱nghyei a̱lyiam ba̱ ka, Sesoto, hu shyia̱ ma̱ng akhwukhwop ngwap nang a̱ lyiat ma̱ byin ka mang shong, IsiXhosa, ma̱ng SiPhuthi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lesotho Government Gazette Number 73 |date=31 August 2022 |url=https://gazettes.africa/akn/ls/officialGazette/government-gazette/2022-08-31/73/eng@2022-08-31 |access-date=26 July 2025 |archive-date=2025-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250813161055/https://gazettes.africa/akn/ls/officialGazette/government-gazette/2022-08-31/73/eng@2022-08-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lesoho shyia ma̱ng a̱ ba̱ na̱ng a̱khwi shonshion ma̱ng a̱ka̱uwa̱tyia̱ na̱ng kurum nwuai a̱byin na̱ng cat kurum ma̱ng tswa̱ nshyia sha̱nsham ma byin a̱ni,a̱wa̱t bibia lan ma̱ng a̱ si̱ ba̱ na̱t fa̱nk hu a̱ni ma a̱firica (81% as of 2021). Lesotho is a member of the United Nations, memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, and the Southern African Development Community. A̱gwam Moshoeshoe ma̱ng a̱nyiet kwa̱i nfwuo Basutoland bai dundungas ma̱ jen tyiok a̱gwam Moshoeshoe I ma lyia 1822.[12] Moshoeshoe, nggwon Mokhachane, adidai a̱gwam ma ba a̱kea̱n Bakoteli, kpaat singu sut ngguwa si ba̱ng tyiok hu neet ma̱ lyia 1804. si nat 1820 ma̱ng1823,nggu ma̱ng aniet ngguba si swan ma̱ he and his followers settled at the Butha-Buthe Mountain, joining with former adversaries in resistance against the Lifaqane associated with the reign of Shaka kaSenzangakhona neet 1818 si nat 1828. Further evolution of the state emerged from conflicts between British and Dutch colonists leaving the Cape Colony following its seizure from the French-allied Dutch by the British in 1795, and also from the Orange River Sovereignty and subsequent Orange Free State.[13] Missionaries Thomas Arbousset, Eugène Casalis and Constant Gosselin from the Paris Evangelical Missionary Society, invited by Moshoeshoe I, were placed at Morija, developing Sesotho orthography and printed works in the Sesotho language between 1837 and 1855.[14] Casalis, acting as translator and providing advice on foreign affairs, helped set up diplomatic channels and acquire guns for use against the encroaching Europeans and the Griqua people. Trekboers from Cape Colony arrived on the western borders of Basutoland and claimed rights to its land, the first of which being Jan de Winnaar who settled in the Matlakeng area in 1838. Incoming Boers attempted to colonise the land between the two rivers and north of the Caledon, claiming that it had been abandoned by the Sotho people. Moshoeshoe subsequently signed a treaty with the British Governor of the Cape Colony, Sir George Thomas Napier, that annexed the Orange River Sovereignty where Boers had settled. These outraged Boers were suppressed in a skirmish in 1848. In 1851, a British force was defeated by the Basotho army at the city of Kolonyama. After repelling another British attack in 1852, Moshoeshoe sent an appeal to the British commander that settled the dispute diplomatically, and then defeated the Batlokoa in 1853. In 1854, the British pulled out of the region, and in 1858, Moshoeshoe fought a series of wars with the Boers in what is known as the Free State–Basotho War. As a result, Moshoeshoe lost a portion of the western lowlands. The last war with the Boers ended in 1867 when Moshoeshoe appealed to Queen Victoria who agreed to make Basutoland a British protectorate in 1868. === <ref name=":5" /> ==Ayafang== <references /> == Akafwuop nta == [[Sa:Tyap Wiki Bootcamp Season 3]] laxlk8uo9m7u9jyxehiizyexxm6q4zf Serekunda 0 7901 49165 49072 2026-08-18T04:16:42Z InternetArchiveBot 45 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260817sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 49165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{1}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tyap-Maba̱ta̱do|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Maba̱ta̱do]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ca̱caat|[[Serekunda/Ca̱crak|Ca̱crak]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Fantswam|[[Serekunda/Fantswam|Fantswam]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Gworog|[[Serekunda/Gworog|Gworog]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Sholyia̱|[[Serekunda/Sholyia̱|Sholyia̱]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Ta̱kad|[[Serekunda/Ta̱kad|Ta̱kad]]}} {{Zwa-a̱lyiat-Tuku|[[Serekunda/Tuku|Tuku]]}} {{2}} {{A̱lyem Maba̱ta̱do|a̱lyem=Maba̱ta̱do}} {{Databox}} '''Serekunda''' (ku '''Serrekunda'''; {{IPA|wo|sɛːɾɛkuⁿd̺ɐ}}) wu wa yet a̱gba̱ndang a̱keang-tung ma̱ng a̱keang ka̱ shi a̱ nswak mi̱ Gambiya wu. Ka̱ shyia̱ ma̱ng swat hu kpa̱nkpaan ma̱ng jok A̱tilati̱k ji, ma̱ a̱ghyui Gambiya ka, hyiek a̱gba̱ndang a̱keangtung wu, Banjul. Serekunda ma̱ng Banjul fam maami a̱keang nang ngyei Kombot hu a̱ni, ma̱ng shimtat a̱kum shi a̱kpa si̱ Gambiya wu. == Nkhang == === Kuntyin ma̱ng tungzwa === Á̱ ku shyia̱ Serekunda mi̱ a̱kum a̱kum a̱keang ka a̱si ce 19th hu mbwak [[Sayerr Jobe]], a̱tyu Wolof neet Koki mi̱ a̱kpangtyok a̱si Cayor, ma̱nini ka̱ yet a̱za fam [[Senegal]] a̱fwun. Jobe, a̱nyan wa kyangbwak nggu hu kuyet kap a̱li tyok, si̱ gwot Koki da̱nian jhya cat cet tyok. A̱si swak nat tazwa-a̱sa̱khwot Niumi, a̱si du nat Banjul, a̱sii̱ nnok Serekunda.<ref name="Janneh" /> [[Sukuta]] nggu wa kuyet a̱keang kpa̱nkpaan, a̱wot fam hu kuyet tsa a̱yit ja.<ref name="Foroyaa" /> A ku nwuak a̱fai nggu ba cet nggu hu a̱sii̱ du khwu mi̱ 1896.<ref name="Janneh">{{Cite news |last=Janneh |first=Gibairu |date=19 August 2011 |title=Sayerr Jobe; Founder of Serekunda |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201108191497.html |access-date=25 August 2024 |work=[[AllAfrica]] |agency=[[The Daily Observer]] }}</ref> A̱lyoot 'Serekunda' ka yet a̱buk a̱lyoot wa a̱si "Sayerr Jobe Kunda". Vak ma̱nang a̱li nggu ka ku nshyia̱ ma̱ng swat hu a̱ni a̱ku ngyei Sayerr Jobe Avenue.<ref name ="Foroyaa">{{cite news |last1=Jabai |first1=Sailu Bah Saikou Suwareh |title="Sayerr Jobe's name cannot be easily forgotten" Says a descendant |url=https://foroyaa.net/sayerr-jobes-name-cannot-be-easily-forgotten-says-a-descendant/ |access-date=29 February 2024 |work=[[Foroyaa]] |date=2 March 2015 |archive-date=9 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209204023/https://foroyaa.net/sayerr-jobes-name-cannot-be-easily-forgotten-says-a-descendant/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A̱cwuang a̱ka̱keang ma̱didit, mun ma̱ng Dippakunda, Latrikunda, ma̱ng Serekunda, si̱ shi tat a̱keang Serekunda.<ref name="Wiseman">{{Cite journal |last=Wiseman |first=John A. |date=1985 |title=Parties and elections in Africa |url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-commonwealth-comparative-politics_1985-03_23_1/page/3 |journal=The Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=3–29 |doi=10.1080/14662048508447463 |issn=0306-3631 }}</ref> Á̱ ku nok Touray Kunda mbwak a̱tyu swak-a̱vwuo ntsa ma̱ng kyang mbwak nggu hwa.<ref name="Foroyaa" /> === Lilyim swat a̱pyia̱ === Mi̱ a̱lyia̱ 1960 ka kyiai a̱niet kwai nfwuo a̱niet a̱byin Gambiya, A̱cat cuk tyok Muna̱pyia̱ sot kwai nfwuo a̱niet (UP) da̱nian kyang-nswat Kombo a̱tyin wu (ma̱nin mi̱ Serekunda) ku {{ill|Ebrima D. N'Jie|de}}, a̱fwung a̱cam nyan wa ma̱ jen jhyang yong nang a̱kwang a̱son sot kwai da̱yong a̱kum a̱na̱nyiuk nggu, [[Pierre Sarr N'Jie]]. Demoki̱ratik kongiret Aliyat wu (DCA) cong ma̱ng aya J. C. Faye, a̱kwak a̱son nsot wu nyan wa á̱ ku fwun da̱ tyong mi̱ a̱mali a̱keang a̱fai nggu. H. O. Semega-Janneh, a local member of the Legislative Council, ran as an independent and won.<ref name="Hughes & Perfect">{{Cite book |last1=Hughes |first1=Arnold |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781580466820/html |title=A Political History of the Gambia, 1816–1994 |last2=Perfect |first2=David |date=31 December 2006 |publisher=Boydell and Brewer |isbn=978-1-58046-682-0 |doi=10.1515/9781580466820 |access-date=29 August 2024 |archive-date=29 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829055350/https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781580466820/html |url-status=live }}</ref> ==A̱ya̱fang== ==A̱ka̱fwuop nta== [[Sa:Tyap Wiki Bootcamp Season 3]] jtbn8rmw8jnynortuvpgo9ryvr1aren Kep Vet 0 7913 49145 49139 2026-08-17T13:06:40Z Sankwai22 1666 /* */ 49145 wikitext text/x-wiki Kep vet yet akeang kya nang ashong ba nggyei di̱ nwap potugat hu nyia̱ kabo vet. ka yet a̱chyipelagik a̱byin di̱ fam a̱tyin A̱ti̱lantik A̱ghui, ka ghwon fam jenshyung A̱firika hu a̱ni. is an archipelagic country in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of West Africa. It consists of ten volcanic islands with a combined land area of about 4,033 square kilometres (1,557 sq mi).[11] These islands lie between 600 and 850 kilometres (370 and 530 miles) west of Cap-Vert (i.e., Dakar), the westernmost point of continental Africa, after which they are named.[12] Cape Verde forms part of the Macaronesia ecoregion, along with the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Savage Islands. It is also the largest country off-continental Africa. ndzeyh0r8b73lfisrsbrbpz04gh73l8 49146 49145 2026-08-17T13:25:38Z Sankwai22 1666 /* */ 49146 wikitext text/x-wiki Kep vet yet akeang kya nang ashong ba nggyei di̱ nwap potugat hu nyia̱ kabo vet. ka yet a̱chyipelagik a̱byin di̱ fam a̱tyin A̱ti̱lantik A̱ghui, ka ghwon fam jenshyung A̱firika hu a̱ni. ka byia̱ bibyin swak ku shia̱ ma̱ng sa̱khat a̱sa̱kwot ani ma̱ng tung kyai abyin ku bai si̱kuya ki̱lomita 4,033 (1,557 sq mi).[11] These islands lie between 600 and 850 kilometres (370 and 530 miles) west of Cap-Vert (i.e., Dakar), the westernmost point of continental Africa, after which they are named.[12] Cape Verde forms part of the Macaronesia ecoregion, along with the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Savage Islands. It is also the largest country off-continental Africa. kqwigbrfi3lvvkmbn7xo7d6l9zcq9d5 49147 49146 2026-08-17T13:33:56Z Sankwai22 1666 /* */ 49147 wikitext text/x-wiki Kep vet yet akeang kya nang ashong ba nggyei di̱ nwap potugat hu nyia̱ kabo vet. ka yet a̱chyipelagik a̱byin di̱ fam a̱tyin A̱ti̱lantik A̱ghui, ka ghwon fam jenshyung A̱firika hu a̱ni. ka byia̱ bibyin swak ku shia̱ ma̱ng sa̱khat a̱sa̱kwot ani ma̱ng tung kyai abyin ku bai si̱kuya ki̱lomita 4,033 (1,557 sq mi).[11] bibyin A̱kautya̱ sakhwot hu ni shyia ma kautyia̱ kilomita 600 ma̱ng 850(370 ma̱ng 530 mait) west of Cap-Vert (i.e., Dakar), the westernmost point of continental Africa, after which they are named.[12] Cape Verde forms part of the Macaronesia ecoregion, along with the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Savage Islands. It is also the largest country off-continental Africa. h5ui8me4nc2vmt9qkwyzg8yujpragzx 49148 49147 2026-08-17T13:38:48Z Sankwai22 1666 /* */ 49148 wikitext text/x-wiki Kep vet yet akeang kya nang ashong ba nggyei di̱ nwap potugat hu nyia̱ kabo vet. ka yet a̱chyipelagik a̱byin di̱ fam a̱tyin A̱ti̱lantik A̱ghui, ka ghwon fam jenshyung A̱firika hu a̱ni. ka byia̱ bibyin swak ku shia̱ ma̱ng sa̱khat a̱sa̱kwot ani ma̱ng tung kyai abyin ku bai si̱kuya ki̱lomita 4,033 (1,557 sq mi).[11] bibyin A̱kautya̱ sakhwot hu ni shyia ma kautyia̱ kilomita 600 ma̱ng 850(370 ma̱ng 530 mait) a̱ jenshyung kept vet (a̱fa̱ Da̱ka̱r ja̱), the westernmost point of continental Africa, after which they are named.[12] Cape Verde forms part of the Macaronesia ecoregion, along with the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Savage Islands. It is also the largest country off-continental Africa. 1unu3tt8fq0jtz0l81qqwzrftnj7x4a 49149 49148 2026-08-17T13:44:09Z Sankwai22 1666 /* */ 49149 wikitext text/x-wiki Kep vet yet akeang kya nang ashong ba nggyei di̱ nwap potugat hu nyia̱ kabo vet. ka yet a̱chyipelagik a̱byin di̱ fam a̱tyin A̱ti̱lantik A̱ghui, ka ghwon fam jenshyung A̱firika hu a̱ni. ka byia̱ bibyin swak ku shia̱ ma̱ng sa̱khat a̱sa̱kwot ani ma̱ng tung kyai abyin ku bai si̱kuya ki̱lomita 4,033 (1,557 sq mi).[11] bibyin A̱kautya̱ sakhwot hu ni shyia ma kautyia̱ kilomita 600 ma̱ng 850(370 ma̱ng 530 mait) a̱ jenshyung kept vet (a̱fa̱ Da̱ka̱r ja̱), ka di̱ fam a̱ jenshyung A̱firika̱ hu ang swak ani, nang si̱ ngyei n ka̱ a̱ni. [12] Cape Verde forms part of the Macaronesia ecoregion, along with the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Savage Islands. It is also the largest country off-continental Africa. 1dos6f8ro5q2r1rexsbvkylb7qontqj 49150 49149 2026-08-17T14:04:39Z Sankwai22 1666 /* */ 49150 wikitext text/x-wiki Kep vet yet akeang kya nang ashong ba nggyei di̱ nwap potugat hu nyia̱ kabo vet. ka yet a̱chyipelagik a̱byin di̱ fam a̱tyin A̱ti̱lantik A̱ghui, ka ghwon fam jenshyung A̱firika hu a̱ni. ka byia̱ bibyin swak ku shia̱ ma̱ng sa̱khat a̱sa̱kwot ani ma̱ng tung kyai abyin ku bai si̱kuya ki̱lomita 4,033 (1,557 sq mi).[11] bibyin A̱kautya̱ sakhwot hu ni shyia ma kautyia̱ kilomita 600 ma̱ng 850(370 ma̱ng 530 mait) a̱ jenshyung kept vet (a̱fa̱ Da̱ka̱r ja̱), ka di̱ fam a̱ jenshyung A̱firika̱ hu ang swak ani, nang si̱ ngyei n ka̱ a̱ni. [12] kept vet munn a̱shia̱ ma̱ ka̱p Maka̱ronisiya mā fam Eko, ndung ma̱ng A̱zoret, ma byin a̱kautyia̱ a̱sakhwat ka̱nari, Ma̱daira̱ ma̱ng sa̱va̱je a̱ ka̱ keang a̱kautyia̱ sakhwat. I kya bu yet a̱ gbandang a̱byin ka ghwut di̱ fam bibyin Afirika. 5e32qbr2rt96tqgfeqx7kk2b25p0wku