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Metha Njokereri
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2026-06-20T00:05:53Z
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'''Metha Njokereri(Draft Version)'''
Ritwa "Metha Njokereri" rĩa kĩ Geremani rĩa taűrűa na gĩtarűari gĩa kűbuchĩa Kĩa Google na Gĩthűgű rĩtagűo thithitemu Njokereri.
Metha cĩa mathabu na thayathi ĩkoragűo na miena ĩrĩ ĩria ĩcenjagia: mĩhari na koramu. Harĩa műhari na koramu cicamanagĩria getagwo gathadűkű na nĩko kandikagwo űhoro. Metha Njokereri ĩbanga ĩyamű na miena ĩrĩ ĩria ĩcenjagia: namba cia gĩthiűrűkĩro na namba cia erektroni ĩria cia gĩthiűrűkĩro kia nja.
Metha Njokereri ya thondekirűo nĩ andű angi űmwe wao nĩ Medeelev. Îthangű rĩtarĩrie na gĩthűngu na njira hűthű ria rurenda nĩ https://web.archive.org/web/20121222033306/http://www.bpc.edu/mathscience/chemistry/history_of_the_periodic_table.html#fathers_of_the_periodic_table
'''Metha Njokereri ya Gĩthűgű'''
Marĩtwa maingĩ ma ma Gĩthűgű cuma marigagia na ium. Maritwa maria mantarikitie na ium nĩ maria mameyekanire tene mbere ya metha ya Gĩthűgű gűthondekwo. Maritwa manini marigitie na ium na ticuma nita Helium. Kĩhumo kĩa maritwa ma Metha Njokereri ni mĩtungo ya iyamu, maritwa ma andu, minűrű na itumi ingĩ <ref>http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements/ptable.php</ref> Gikaro giki kihaha iguru kina maritwa ma thiomi ingĩ na mundu ni kuorota na koroti ga kabia nigethe wone ritwa.
<big>'''Metha Njokereri cia thiomi ĩngĩ'''</big>
'''Metha Njokereri ya kĩ Jabaanisi'''
Ũhoro wa metha ya Jabaanisi no umĩthome na Gĩthűgű
[[en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical elements in East Asian languages#Japanese]]
'''Metha Njokereri ya kĩ Chaina'''
Ũhoro wa metha ya kĩ Chaina no umĩthome na Gĩthűgű
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_elements_in_East_Asian_languages#Chinese]
'''Metha Njokereri ya kĩ Korea'''
Ũhoro wa metha ya kĩ Chaina no ũmĩthome na Gĩthűngű
[[en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical elements in East Asian languages#Korean]]
'''Metha Njokereri ya French'''
Ũhoro wa metha ya kĩ Chaina no ũmĩthome na French [http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tableau_p%C3%A9riodique]
'''Metha Njokereri ya Portugese'''
Ũhoro wa metha ya kĩ Chaina no ũmĩthome na Portugese
[http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabela_peri%C3%B3dica]
'''Metha Njokereri ya thiomi cia Kiabĩrika'''
Kwĩ gakũndi metha Njokeri thondeka cia thiomi cia Kiabĩrika ĩrĩkĩtie gũthondekwo kana irathondekwo. No wone metha ici rũrendainĩ haha [8]. Kwĩ thiomi makĩria ya ngiri igĩrĩ cia Kĩabĩrika [http://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%A9g%C4%A9k%C5%A9y%C5%A9] na metha iria cia rurendaini ĩtikinyite mĩrongoĩri.
'''Gűthondeka metha Njokereri ya Gĩkűyű'''
'''Marĩtwa ma tűrűgamiriri'''
Kwambĩria tűrűgamiri (symbols) cia ĩyamű cia mĩthaiga cűothe cűtuműrwo cűa metha ya Gĩthűgű.
Itumi cia gűtűmira tűrűgamiriri ici:
# metha nyingi cia kiabirika na french na portugese ni icitumagira
# Gűthondeka tűrűgamiriri ingĩ ni kurituhia guthomwo kwa metha njokereri
# Mabuku marie mekwo ni ma Gĩthűungű kwoguo ni rathi guthoma.
# Andu arĩa moĩ tűrűgamiriri cia Gĩthűungű matikwiruta ringĩ
'''Marĩtwa ma ĩyamű'''
Gwa twĩkire gũtirĩ rĩtwa rĩtagĩkũria mwana. Hihi kwiritwa ritagĩrie kĩnyamű?
Guthondeka maritwa ma iyamu na gutaura maritwa ma iyamu ma githungu ta gwita Nitrogen - Nitrogeni, Oxigen - Oxigeni, Uranium - Urĩniamu nduthetie maritwa ma iyamu kumenyekana.
Itumi cia gűtűmira gűthondeka maritwa maya:
# metha ĩno no muhaka imenyeka na ihenya. Maritwa ma
ĩyamű ciothe mabangwo ibango igiri nene cia cuma na iria itari cuma
# ĩyamű iria ari cuma maritwa macio marigie na um kwoguo maritwa ma cuma nyingi cia githungu itigucenjia
# ĩyamű itari [[cuma]] cia noble gases cirigie na rukĩ
# ĩyamű itari cuma na itari noble gases maritwa macio macenjie (Selenium na Tellurium)
#Gold itwo thahabum,Lead ni ngorocai [9] tumite ngorocaium, carbon tumite Karbon tondu ni ikara.
'''Metha Njokereri(Draft Incomplete Version)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Njokero!! !! !! Periodic Table !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !!
|-
| 1 ||[[Hydrogen]] || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || [[Helium]]/Herukĩ
|-
| 2 || [[Lithium]] || [[Beryllium]]|| || || || || || || || || || || [[Boron]]|| [[Carbon]]/Karbon ||[[Nitrogen]] || [[Oxygen]] ||[[Fluorine]] || [[Neon]]/Nerukĩ
|-
| 3 || [[Sodium]] ||[[Magnesium]] || || || || || || || || || || || [[Aluminium]] || [[Silicon]] || [[phosphorous]] || Sulphur || [[Chlorine]] || Argon/Argorukĩ
|-
| 4 || [[Potasium]] || [[Calcium]] || Scandium || [[Titanium]] ||Vanadium ||Chromium ||Maganese/Nyadinyaum||[[Iron]]/Cumaum ||Cobalt/Coum||Nickel/Nium ||[[Copper]]/Timayaum || [[Zinc]]/Kĩbűm|| Gallium|| Germanium|| Arsenic|| Selenium/Sebi||Bromine || krypton/Kryprukĩ
|-
| 5 ||Rubidium || strontium || || || || || || || || ||Silver/Bethaum || || || Tin/Kebeum|| Antimony/?||Tellurium/?|| Iodine || Xenon/Xerukĩ
|-
| 6 ||Cesium ||Barium || || || || || || || ||[[Platinum]] ||[[Gold]]/Thahabum ||[[Mercury]]/Hitium || ||Lead/Ngorocaium ||Bismuth/? || Polonium||Astatine || Rarukĩ
|-
| 7 || Francium||Radium || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|-
|}
'''Kugwete'''
<references>1.</references> Krogt P. Periodic table of elements 2010, https://web.archive.org/web/20220526140832/https://www.adelibra.com/2021/06/screenshot-samsung-galaxy-a32.html
8. Chemical Dictionary http://canov.jergym.cz/
9. Kikuyu English Dictionary
[[Category:Kemu]]
q4c71lqj11e8fysjsap5q16bz8srrvy
Feliks Kibbermann
0
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'''Feliks (Felix) Kibbermann''' (3 December 1902, Rakavere - 27 December 1993, Tartu) aarĩ mũthaki wa Estonia wa sataranji, mũrutani wa thiomi cia kĩnjĩrũmani, na mũhũngi wa ciugo .
== Saratanji ==
Mbere ya Mbaara ya Kerĩ ya Thĩ, nĩ aanyitanire na Ilmar Raud na Viktor Uulberg gĩcunjĩ gĩa gatatũ na gĩa gatano kĩa Estonia Championship ĩrĩa yaarĩ Tallinn mwaka wa 1933 (Gunnar Friedemann nĩ aatoorire),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170116155502/http://www.sportnet.ee/juur.php3?id=825 Sportnet]</ref> na akĩtorio nĩ Paul Keres mwaka wa 1935 (Paul Keres) (+1 -3 =0). Kibbermann <ref>[http://www.olimpbase.org OlimpBase :: the encyclopaedia of team chess]</ref> athakĩire Estonia kĩhĩtahĩtano-inĩ kĩa Olympics ya Chess kĩarĩ Warsaw mwaka wa 1935 (+2 -5 =2).[1] Mweri wa ikũmi mwaka wa 1937, nĩ aanyitanire na mbĩtĩka cia ũmenyeru kĩaarĩ Tallinn (Keres nĩ ahotanire).
0eqpznkmj2v3c5zs3mtqq29ykr7ili8
Binyavanga Wainaina
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'''Kenneth Binyavanga Wainaina''' (18 January 1971 - 21 May 2019) aarĩ mwandĩki, mũnyathia wa mohoro kuuma Kenya na nĩ aheo kĩheo kĩa Caine Prize for African Writing mwaka wa 2002. Mwaka wa 2003, nĩ we warĩ mũhariri wa mbere wa 'Kwani?' ngathĩti ya maũndũ marũthiomi. Mwaka wa 2014, ngathĩti ya Time nĩ ya thinĩkirie Wainaina thĩinĩ wa ngathĩti yayo ya mwaka wa Time 100 ta ũmwe wa andũ arĩa maarĩ na ũhoti mũno thĩiniĩ wa thĩ.
[[File:Binyavanga_Wainaina_2008.jpg|thumb|Wainaina nĩ aanyitire itemi igongona-inĩ rĩa PICNIC mwaka wa 2008, kũrĩa aarĩ mwaria mũkaru.]]
Wainaina nĩ acokanĩrĩirie maruga makĩria ma 13,000 kuuma gĩtarũ kĩa Afrika na aarĩ njorua wa irio cia ndũrĩrĩ cia Africa cia mahinda maya na kĩndũire.<ref>Wainaina, Binyavanga (8 July 2021), [https://web.archive.org/web/20110215054759/http://generator21.net/g21archive/africa5.html "Black Mischief"], ''G21: The World's Magazine''.</ref>
== Mabuku marĩa marutĩtwo ==
* "Discovering Home" (short story), ''g21net'', 2001. Reprinted in ''Discovering Home: A selection of writings from the 2002 Caine Prize for African Writing''.
* "An Affair to Dismember" (short story), ''Wasafiri'', Volume 17, Issue 37, 2002.
* "Beyond the River Yei: Life in the Land Where Sleeping is a Disease" (photographic essay; with Sven Torfinn), Kwani Trust, 2004.
* "How To Write About Africa" (article, satire), ''Granta'' 92, 2005. As ''How to Write About Africa'', Kwani Trust, 2008, . Reproduced in full in the 40th birthday edition of ''Granta'', 2 May 2019.
* "In Gikuyu, for Gikuyu, of Gikuyu" (article, satire), ''Granta'' 103, 2008.
* "How to Write About Africa II: The Revenge", ''Bidoun'', No. 21, Bazaar II, 2010.
* ''One Day I Will Write About This Place: A Memoir'' (autobiography); Graywolf Press, 2011, .
* "Viewpoint: Binyavanga on why Africa's international image is unfair", BBC News | Africa, 24 April 2012.
* "A Letter to All Kenyans from Binyavanga Wainaina or Binyavanga wa Muigai" (essay), ''Brittle Paper'', 25 October 2017.
4rqh907b36z85rxmtzs8goqmpxzh8hn
Module:String2
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require ('strict');
local p = {}
p.trim = function(frame)
return mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
end
p.sentence = function (frame)
-- {{lc:}} is strip-marker safe, string.lower is not.
frame.args[1] = frame:callParserFunction('lc', frame.args[1])
return p.ucfirst(frame)
end
p.ucfirst = function (frame)
local s = frame.args[1];
if not s or '' == s or s:match ('^%s+$') then -- when <s> is nil, empty, or only whitespace
return s; -- abandon because nothing to do
end
s = mw.text.trim( frame.args[1] or "" )
local s1 = ""
local prefix_patterns_t = { -- sequence of prefix patterns
'^\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-%a+%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127', -- stripmarker
'^([%*;:#]+)', -- various list markup
'^(\'\'\'*)', -- bold / italic markup
'^(%b<>)', -- html-like tags because some templates render these
'^(&%a+;)', -- html character entities because some templates render these
'^(&#%d+;)', -- html numeric (decimal) entities because some templates render these
'^(&#x%x+;)', -- html numeric (hexadecimal) entities because some templates render these
'^(%s+)', -- any whitespace characters
'^([%(%)%-%+%?%.%%!~!@%$%^&_={}/`,‘’„“”ʻ|\"\'\\]+)', -- miscellaneous punctuation
}
local prefixes_t = {}; -- list, bold/italic, and html-like markup, & whitespace saved here
local function prefix_strip (s) -- local function to strip prefixes from <s>
for _, pattern in ipairs (prefix_patterns_t) do -- spin through <prefix_patterns_t>
if s:match (pattern) then -- when there is a match
local prefix = s:match (pattern); -- get a copy of the matched prefix
table.insert (prefixes_t, prefix); -- save it
s = s:sub (prefix:len() + 1); -- remove the prefix from <s>
return s, true; -- return <s> without prefix and flag; force restart at top of sequence because misc punct removal can break stripmarker
end
end
return s; -- no prefix found; return <s> with nil flag
end
local prefix_removed; -- flag; boolean true as long as prefix_strip() finds and removes a prefix
repeat -- one by one remove list, bold/italic, html-like markup, whitespace, etc from start of <s>
s, prefix_removed = prefix_strip (s);
until (not prefix_removed); -- until <prefix_removed> is nil
s1 = table.concat (prefixes_t); -- recreate the prefix string for later reattachment
local first_text = mw.ustring.match (s, '^%[%[[^%]]+%]%]'); -- extract wikilink at start of string if present; TODO: this can be string.match()?
local upcased;
if first_text then
if first_text:match ('^%[%[[^|]+|[^%]]+%]%]') then -- if <first_text> is a piped link
upcased = mw.ustring.match (s, '^%[%[[^|]+|%W*(%w)'); -- get first letter character
upcased = mw.ustring.upper (upcased); -- upcase first letter character
s = mw.ustring.gsub (s, '^(%[%[[^|]+|%W*)%w', '%1' .. upcased); -- replace
else -- here when <first_text> is a wikilink but not a piped link
upcased = mw.ustring.match (s, '^%[%[%W*%w'); -- get '[[' and first letter
upcased = mw.ustring.upper (upcased); -- upcase first letter character
s = mw.ustring.gsub (s, '^%[%[%W*%w', upcased); -- replace; no capture needed here
end
elseif s:match ('^%[%S+%s+[^%]]+%]') then -- if <s> is a ext link of some sort; must have label text
upcased = mw.ustring.match (s, '^%[%S+%s+%W*(%w)'); -- get first letter character
upcased = mw.ustring.upper (upcased); -- upcase first letter character
s = mw.ustring.gsub (s, '^(%[%S+%s+%W*)%w', '%1' .. upcased); -- replace
elseif s:match ('^%[%S+%s*%]') then -- if <s> is a ext link without label text; nothing to do
return s1 .. s; -- reattach prefix string (if present) and done
else -- <s> is not a wikilink or ext link; assume plain text
upcased = mw.ustring.match (s, '^%W*%w'); -- get the first letter character
upcased = mw.ustring.upper (upcased); -- upcase first letter character
s = mw.ustring.gsub (s, '^%W*%w', upcased); -- replace; no capture needed here
end
return s1 .. s; -- reattach prefix string (if present) and done
end
p.title = function (frame)
-- http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/capitalization/rules-for-capitalization-in-titles.html
-- recommended by The U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual:
-- "Capitalize all words in titles of publications and documents,
-- except a, an, the, at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up, and, as, but, or, and nor."
local alwayslower = {['a'] = 1, ['an'] = 1, ['the'] = 1,
['and'] = 1, ['but'] = 1, ['or'] = 1, ['for'] = 1,
['nor'] = 1, ['on'] = 1, ['in'] = 1, ['at'] = 1, ['to'] = 1,
['from'] = 1, ['by'] = 1, ['of'] = 1, ['up'] = 1 }
local res = ''
local s = mw.text.trim( frame.args[1] or "" )
local words = mw.text.split( s, " ")
for i, s in ipairs(words) do
-- {{lc:}} is strip-marker safe, string.lower is not.
s = frame:callParserFunction('lc', s)
if i == 1 or alwayslower[s] ~= 1 then
s = mw.getContentLanguage():ucfirst(s)
end
words[i] = s
end
return table.concat(words, " ")
end
-- findlast finds the last item in a list
-- the first unnamed parameter is the list
-- the second, optional unnamed parameter is the list separator (default = comma space)
-- returns the whole list if separator not found
p.findlast = function(frame)
local s = mw.text.trim( frame.args[1] or "" )
local sep = frame.args[2] or ""
if sep == "" then sep = ", " end
local pattern = ".*" .. sep .. "(.*)"
local a, b, last = s:find(pattern)
if a then
return last
else
return s
end
end
-- stripZeros finds the first number and strips leading zeros (apart from units)
-- e.g "0940" -> "940"; "Year: 0023" -> "Year: 23"; "00.12" -> "0.12"
p.stripZeros = function(frame)
local s = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
local n = tonumber( string.match( s, "%d+" ) ) or ""
s = string.gsub( s, "%d+", n, 1 )
return s
end
-- nowiki ensures that a string of text is treated by the MediaWiki software as just a string
-- it takes an unnamed parameter and trims whitespace, then removes any wikicode
p.nowiki = function(frame)
local str = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
return mw.text.nowiki(str)
end
-- split splits text at boundaries specified by separator
-- and returns the chunk for the index idx (starting at 1)
-- #invoke:String2 |split |text |separator |index |true/false
-- #invoke:String2 |split |txt=text |sep=separator |idx=index |plain=true/false
-- if plain is false/no/0 then separator is treated as a Lua pattern - defaults to plain=true
p.split = function(frame)
local args = frame.args
if not(args[1] or args.txt) then args = frame:getParent().args end
local txt = args[1] or args.txt or ""
if txt == "" then return nil end
local sep = (args[2] or args.sep or ""):gsub('"', '')
local idx = tonumber(args[3] or args.idx) or 1
local plain = (args[4] or args.plain or "true"):sub(1,1)
plain = (plain ~= "f" and plain ~= "n" and plain ~= "0")
local splittbl = mw.text.split( txt, sep, plain )
if idx < 0 then idx = #splittbl + idx + 1 end
return splittbl[idx]
end
-- val2percent scans through a string, passed as either the first unnamed parameter or |txt=
-- it converts each number it finds into a percentage and returns the resultant string.
p.val2percent = function(frame)
local args = frame.args
if not(args[1] or args.txt) then args = frame:getParent().args end
local txt = mw.text.trim(args[1] or args.txt or "")
if txt == "" then return nil end
local function v2p (x)
x = (tonumber(x) or 0) * 100
if x == math.floor(x) then x = math.floor(x) end
return x .. "%"
end
txt = txt:gsub("%d[%d%.]*", v2p) -- store just the string
return txt
end
-- one2a scans through a string, passed as either the first unnamed parameter or |txt=
-- it converts each occurrence of 'one ' into either 'a ' or 'an ' and returns the resultant string.
p.one2a = function(frame)
local args = frame.args
if not(args[1] or args.txt) then args = frame:getParent().args end
local txt = mw.text.trim(args[1] or args.txt or "")
if txt == "" then return nil end
txt = txt:gsub(" one ", " a "):gsub("^one", "a"):gsub("One ", "A "):gsub("a ([aeiou])", "an %1"):gsub("A ([aeiou])", "An %1")
return txt
end
-- findpagetext returns the position of a piece of text in a page
-- First positional parameter or |text is the search text
-- Optional parameter |title is the page title, defaults to current page
-- Optional parameter |plain is either true for plain search (default) or false for Lua pattern search
-- Optional parameter |nomatch is the return value when no match is found; default is nil
p._findpagetext = function(args)
-- process parameters
local nomatch = args.nomatch or ""
if nomatch == "" then nomatch = nil end
--
local text = mw.text.trim(args[1] or args.text or "")
if text == "" then return nil end
--
local title = args.title or ""
local titleobj
if title == "" then
titleobj = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
else
titleobj = mw.title.new(title)
end
--
local plain = args.plain or ""
if plain:sub(1, 1) == "f" then plain = false else plain = true end
-- get the page content and look for 'text' - return position or nomatch
local content = titleobj and titleobj:getContent()
return content and mw.ustring.find(content, text, 1, plain) or nomatch
end
p.findpagetext = function(frame)
local args = frame.args
local pargs = frame:getParent().args
for k, v in pairs(pargs) do
args[k] = v
end
if not (args[1] or args.text) then return nil end
-- just the first value
return (p._findpagetext(args))
end
-- returns the decoded url. Inverse of parser function {{urlencode:val|TYPE}}
-- Type is:
-- QUERY decodes + to space (default)
-- PATH does no extra decoding
-- WIKI decodes _ to space
p._urldecode = function(url, type)
url = url or ""
type = (type == "PATH" or type == "WIKI") and type
return mw.uri.decode( url, type )
end
-- {{#invoke:String2|urldecode|url=url|type=type}}
p.urldecode = function(frame)
return mw.uri.decode( frame.args.url, frame.args.type )
end
-- what follows was merged from [[Module:StringFunc]]
-- Argument list helper function, as per [[Module:String]]
function p._getParameters( frame_args, arg_list )
local new_args = {};
local index = 1;
local value;
for i,arg in ipairs( arg_list ) do
value = frame_args[arg]
if value == nil then
value = frame_args[index];
index = index + 1;
end
new_args[arg] = value;
end
return new_args;
end
-- Escape Pattern helper function so that all characters are treated as plain text, as per [[Module:String]]
function p._escapePattern( pattern_str )
return mw.ustring.gsub( pattern_str, "([%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]])", "%%%1" )
end
-- Helper Function to interpret boolean strings, as per [[Module:String]]
function p._getBoolean( boolean_str )
local boolean_value;
if type( boolean_str ) == 'string' then
boolean_str = boolean_str:lower();
if boolean_str == 'false' or boolean_str == 'no' or boolean_str == '0'
or boolean_str == '' then
boolean_value = false;
else
boolean_value = true;
end
elseif type( boolean_str ) == 'boolean' then
boolean_value = boolean_str;
else
error( 'No boolean value found' );
end
return boolean_value
end
--[[
Strip
This function Strips characters from string
Usage:
{{#invoke:String2|strip|source_string|characters_to_strip|plain_flag}}
Parameters
source: The string to strip
chars: The pattern or list of characters to strip from string, replaced with ''
plain: A flag indicating that the chars should be understood as plain text. defaults to true.
Leading and trailing whitespace is also automatically stripped from the string.
]]
function p.strip( frame )
local new_args = p._getParameters( frame.args, {'source', 'chars', 'plain'} )
local source_str = new_args['source'] or ''
local chars = new_args['chars'] or '' or 'characters'
source_str = mw.text.trim(source_str)
if source_str == '' or chars == '' then
return source_str
end
local l_plain = p._getBoolean( new_args['plain'] or true )
if l_plain then
chars = p._escapePattern( chars )
end
local result
result = mw.ustring.gsub(source_str, "["..chars.."]", '')
return result
end
--[[
Match any
Returns the index of the first given pattern to match the input. Patterns must be consecutively numbered.
Returns the empty string if nothing matches for use in {{#if:}}
Usage:
{{#invoke:String2|matchAll|source=123 abc|456|abc}} returns '2'.
Parameters:
source: the string to search
plain: A flag indicating that the patterns should be understood as plain text. defaults to true.
1, 2, 3, ...: the patterns to search for
]]
function p.matchAny(frame)
local source_str = frame.args['source'] or error('The source parameter is mandatory.')
local l_plain = p._getBoolean( frame.args['plain'] or true )
for i = 1, math.huge do
local pattern = frame.args[i]
if not pattern then return '' end
if mw.ustring.find(source_str, pattern, 1, l_plain) then
return tostring(i)
end
end
end
--[[--------------------------< H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >--------------------------------------------------
Converts a hyphen to a dash under certain conditions. The hyphen must separate
like items; unlike items are returned unmodified. These forms are modified:
letter - letter (A - B)
digit - digit (4-5)
digit separator digit - digit separator digit (4.1-4.5 or 4-1-4-5)
letterdigit - letterdigit (A1-A5) (an optional separator between letter and
digit is supported – a.1-a.5 or a-1-a-5)
digitletter - digitletter (5a - 5d) (an optional separator between letter and
digit is supported – 5.a-5.d or 5-a-5-d)
any other forms are returned unmodified.
str may be a comma- or semicolon-separated list
]]
function p.hyphen_to_dash( str, spacing )
if (str == nil or str == '') then
return str
end
local accept
str = mw.text.decode(str, true ) -- replace html entities with their characters; semicolon mucks up the text.split
local out = {}
local list = mw.text.split (str, '%s*[,;]%s*') -- split str at comma or semicolon separators if there are any
for _, item in ipairs (list) do -- for each item in the list
item = mw.text.trim(item) -- trim whitespace
item, accept = item:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1')
if accept == 0 and mw.ustring.match (item, '^%w*[%.%-]?%w+%s*[%-–—]%s*%w*[%.%-]?%w+$') then -- if a hyphenated range or has endash or emdash separators
if item:match ('^%a+[%.%-]?%d+%s*%-%s*%a+[%.%-]?%d+$') or -- letterdigit hyphen letterdigit (optional separator between letter and digit)
item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]?%a+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]?%a+$') or -- digitletter hyphen digitletter (optional separator between digit and letter)
item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]%d+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]%d+$') or -- digit separator digit hyphen digit separator digit
item:match ('^%d+%s*%-%s*%d+$') or -- digit hyphen digit
item:match ('^%a+%s*%-%s*%a+$') then -- letter hyphen letter
item = item:gsub ('(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)%s*%-%s*(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)', '%1–%2') -- replace hyphen, remove extraneous space characters
else
item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '%s*[–—]%s*', '–') -- for endash or emdash separated ranges, replace em with en, remove extraneous whitespace
end
end
table.insert (out, item) -- add the (possibly modified) item to the output table
end
local temp_str = table.concat (out, ',' .. spacing) -- concatenate the output table into a comma separated string
temp_str, accept = temp_str:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1') -- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of concatenated out
if accept ~= 0 then
temp_str = str:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1') -- when global markup removed, return original str; do it this way to suppress boolean second return value
end
return temp_str
end
function p.hyphen2dash( frame )
local str = frame.args[1] or ''
local spacing = frame.args[2] or ' ' -- space is part of the standard separator for normal spacing (but in conjunction with templates r/rp/ran we may need a narrower spacing
return p.hyphen_to_dash(str, spacing)
end
-- Similar to [[Module:String#endswith]]
function p.startswith(frame)
return (frame.args[1]:sub(1, frame.args[2]:len()) == frame.args[2]) and 'yes' or ''
end
-- Implements [[Template:Isnumeric]]
function p.isnumeric(frame)
local s = frame.args[1] or frame:getParent().args[1]
local boolean = (frame.args.boolean or frame:getParent().args.boolean) == 'true'
if type(s) == 'string' and mw.getContentLanguage():parseFormattedNumber( s ) then
return boolean and 1 or s
end
return boolean and 0 or ''
end
-- Checks if a value in a group of numbers is not an interger.
-- Allows usage of an |empty= parameter to allow empty values to be skipped.
function p.isInteger(frame)
local values = frame.args or frame:getParent().args
local allow_empty = frame.args.empty or frame:getParent().args.empty
for _, value in ipairs(values) do
-- Trim spaces
value = value and value:gsub("^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1")
if value == "" or value == nil then
if not allow_empty then
return false -- Empty values are not allowed
end
else
value = tonumber(value)
if not (type(value) == "number" and value == math.floor(value)) then
return false
end
end
end
return true
end
-- Returns an error found in a string.
function p.getError(frame)
local text = frame.args[1] or frame:getParent().args[1]
local error_message = text:match('(<strong class="error">.-</strong>)')
return error_message or nil
end
return p
ph89g30kzy2uwl0t05s6jtpby1w86b8
Ngware (mahiga)
0
6919
23809
23530
2026-06-19T15:38:31Z
Sinatrasona
5365
23809
wikitext
text/x-wiki
[[File:Carrara-panorama_delle_cave4.jpg|thumb|Kware thĩinĩ wa Carrara, bũrũri-inĩ wa Tuscany, [[Itari]]]]
[[File:PortlandQuarry.jpg|thumb|Kware kĩa mahiga kĩa Portland gĩcigĩrĩra-inĩ kĩa Portland, bũrũri-inĩ wa [[Ngeretha]]]]
[[File:Stone_Quarry_Kerala.JPG|right|thumb|Kware ndirike Kerala, India]]
'''Ngware;''' ĩmwe nĩ '<nowiki/>'''kware'''<nowiki/>' (''''''Obuasi'''''<nowiki/>' na rũthiomi rwa [[Ghana|Twi]]) nĩ kũndũ kũrĩa kũrutagwo mahiga na kagoto na mũthanga. Mĩũngũrũiro ĩno nĩ ĩnyabaragio mabũrũri-inĩ mamwe nĩgetha kũrũgirĩria mũgwati wa ũgitĩri na kũniina wanagĩki wa [[Korogocho ya ndũire|marĩa matũrigicĩire]].
fvffj6xxe0dkg2qmyzlwp5yyg1m4s7m
Ngurunga ya Hua Ma
0
7067
23806
2026-06-19T14:07:09Z
Sinatrasona
5365
Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342236612|Hua Ma Cave]]"
23806
wikitext
text/x-wiki
[[File:Hua-Ma-Cave.png|thumb|Ngurunga ya Hua Ma]]
[[File:Img_5594_-_copy_nzqr.jpg|thumb|Nathĩ-inĩ]]
'''Ngurunga ya Hua Ma''' ĩrĩ thĩinĩ wa rũnyanjara rwa Ho Ba Bể (''maria matatũ''). Nĩ ĩkoragwo hakuhĩ na [[rũũĩ]] rwa Reng'i (Lèng) na nĩ gĩcunjĩ kĩa itũũra rĩa Pắc Ngòi, kĩcigo kĩa Ba Bể, gĩcigo kĩa Bắc Kạn. Ngurunga ĩyo kĩrĩ gatagatĩ-inĩ ka kĩrĩma, na irĩ igũrũ ta 350m igũrũ rĩa [[Gĩkweeti (iria inene)|iria]], na nĩ kũrĩ ngurunga ya mwanya mũno ĩrĩ thĩinĩ wa kĩrĩma mwena wa gũthini wa irathĩro. Andũ a kũu maaĩtaga Ca Po - Hua Mak cave.
5upyxkuf62sj9jjupg0fr8zwvim802n
Kamawĩra
0
7068
23807
2026-06-19T14:38:49Z
Sinatrasona
5365
Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344839057|Side job]]"
23807
wikitext
text/x-wiki
[[File:Uber_ride_Bogota_(10277864666).jpg|thumb|Kũberekera gatũndũ ka [[Kiugo|Umba(Uber)]] nĩ kamawĩra kena nguma]]
'''Kamawĩra''', nĩ wĩra ũngĩ mũndũ athiaga naguo o hamwe na wĩra ũrĩa mũkarũ na itanya rĩa kũembembia [[Mbunjumbura|maguna]] make.
8c5twmx63o0aj2regncltwqc2l4pga8
Ira (إلا)
0
7069
23808
2026-06-19T15:21:07Z
Sinatrasona
5365
Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349565833|Illa (Arabic)]]"
23808
wikitext
text/x-wiki
[[Kiugo]] kĩa [[Matuĩka ma Arabu|Kĩarabu]] '''ira''' ('''إلا''') nĩ rĩa ũkĩrĩrĩbia na nĩ rĩrĩ ũkuruhani na rĩa [[Gĩgĩkũyũ]] 'no'.
== Kũhũthĩra ==
Nĩ kiugo iria gĩkoragwo kaingĩ thĩinĩ wa Korani, iria kaingĩ cihũthĩkaga kũhe ciugo hinya na njĩra ya kũrega maũndũ mangĩ mothe marĩa mangĩhoteka, na thutha ũcio cionanĩtio nĩ ũndũ mũna. Kwa ngerekano, thĩinĩ wa [[Muuma]] wa Mũithĩramu (Kĩaarabu: شَهَادَة ):
:* لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ (hatirĩ ngai ĩngĩ tiga Mwenenyaga)
pkrn4o7uiow03rkjcicg78vsp9ni2s2
Ndamathia (mũthako)
0
7070
23810
2026-06-19T15:53:58Z
Sinatrasona
5365
Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343000216|Strategy game]]"
23810
wikitext
text/x-wiki
[[File:Mancala Board Game.jpg|thumb|Ndamathia ya Mbũthĩ ĩrĩ ngumo [[gatarũ]] ka [[Abĩrika]]]]
[[File:Chess_set.jpg|right|thumb|Ndamathia ya '''regenya''' (''''''chess'''''<nowiki/>' na [[Ngeretha|kĩngeretha]]) nĩ kĩmwe kĩa mĩthako ĩrĩa ĩmenyekaga mũno na ĩkoragwo ĩkĩthakwo mũno.]]
Thĩĩ-inĩ wa mĩthako, '''ndamathia''' nĩ karirũĩ haria athaki monanagia ũcorua wa gũtua matua na itanya rĩa kwĩmathĩra ndua nyingĩ kana ciothe gatama-inĩ.
gevqayrag0nzan9dv8q0uqfkypw7xlo