mêr

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      <minor />
      <comment>/* Formeke navdêrê */ sererastkirin</comment>
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      <text bytes="32326" sha1="3na7q4pvr4ufollmfan9aoipep0kqc4" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|mer|merr}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/mɛ:r/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-mêr.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mêr|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Kurd Man.png|thumb|250px| '''Mêrek''' kurd (1920).]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mirov|Mirov]]ên [[nêr]] (bi taybetî yên [[mezin]]).
#: {{hevmane|ku|zelam}} 
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Mêr''' li qata jêr, li salonê rûniştine, jin jî li jor.|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Bîra qederê/2002|r=15}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Mêr''' û xortên gund bi bejn û bala Karê ya zirav, bi demê wê yê qemer û çavên wê yên belek, kenê li ser demê wê ve heyr-hijmekar man.|{{Jêgirtin/Egîdê Xudo/Dê û Dêmarî|r=16}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Minetê negre, eşkere bike, ez '''mêrê''' xeyîdê nînim, ne jî ew mirov im, ku ji min bitirsin.|{{Jêgirtin/Frîda Hecî Cewarî/Bîranînên Min|r=118}}}}
# [[hevser|Hevser]]ê [[jin]]ekê, [[şû]]yê [[jin]]ekê.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Yan carekê bi şadanî malxweya wî jê re bigota '''mêro''' û wî jî jê re bigota jinê...|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê|r=129}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Metê ji van gotinên Nêrgisa koçer têdigêhîje ku '''mêrê''' wê pir nexweş e (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Hesenê Metê/Labîrenta Cinan/1994|r=170}}}}
# [[camêr|Camêr]], [[xweşmêr]], [[wêrek]], [[gernas]], [[egîd]], [[qehreman]], [[dilêr]]&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Hemîdî Kurdî-Kurdî Yusif Diyadîn Paşa - Amadekar û Wergêr: Jan Dost, Weşanên Dara 2017&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{mk|ku|Ew '''mêrek''' bi sed mêran e.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=An mêrê xas be, yan bivir û das be, yan jî bibmire xwe re xilas be|Pîrepend}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) qedandina xwarina ji qawişan re diçû mecbûrî bû, eger '''mêr''' hebana wê ew xwarin neqedandina an jî bavêtana.|{{Jêgirtin/Bûbê Eser/Gardiyan/2002|r=50}}}}
# [[xurt]], [[serdest]], [[metirsî]]
#* {{mk|ku|'''Mêr''' du celeb in, '''mêrê''' mêrkuj, '''mêrê''' xwekuj}}&lt;ref&gt;Ferheng Celadet Alî Bedirxan, Avesta 2009&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ma bi a te ew jî '''mêr''' e û dikane mêran bikuje?|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî|r=24}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مێر}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|nêr}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mêr xwestin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|mêr kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|mêr bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|mêrxwestin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|mêrkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|mêrbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|mêrkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|bêmêr
|bêmêrî
|bêmêrîtî
|bimêr
|bimêrî
|bimêrîtî
|mêrane
|mêranî
|mêratî
|mêrîtî ketin
|mêrik
}}

==== Etîmolojî ==== 
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*mórtyos}},  têkilî peyvên {{q|ku|mirov}} û {{q|ku|mirin}}. Hevreha {{hv|sa|मर्त्य|tr=mártya}}, {{hv|ae|𐬨𐬀𐬴𐬌𐬌𐬀‎|tr=maṣ̌iia}}, {{hv|peo|𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹|tr=m-r-t-i-y /martiya/}}.
* {{z|ine-pro}}: {{jinûvesazî|ine-pro|mer-|w=[[mirin]]}} &gt; {{jinûvesazî|ine-pro|mer-to|w=[[mirov]]}} + {{jinûvesazî|ine-pro|teuk-|w=[[malbat]], [[binemal]]}}
:* {{z|sog}}: '''marta-tauxma-''' 
:* {{z|pal}}: '''mertum''' (&quot;mirov&quot;)
:* {{z|fa}}: '''merdom''' (&quot;mirov&quot;)
:* {{z|zza}}: '''[[merdim]]'''
:* {{z|hac}}: '''[[merdim]]'''
:* {{z|ku}}: '''[[mirov]], [[meriv]], [[mêr]]'''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|mirovên nêr}}
* {{Z|aas}}: {{W-|aas|hat-uk}}
* {{Z|aah}}: {{W-|aah|aleman}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахаҵа}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|agam}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|хъулъфыгъ}}, {{W-|ady|лӏы}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|núm}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|man}}
* {{Z|aho}}: {{W-|aho|𑜋𑜩}}
* {{Z|akk}}: {{W-|akk|𒀀𒉿𒈝|tr=awīlum}}, {{W-|akk|𒍣𒅗𒊒𒌝|tr=zikarum}}
* {{Z|ak}}: {{W-|ak|ɔ̀bàrímá}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|eaki}}
* {{Z|akz}}: {{W-|akz|naani}}
* {{Z|alh}}: {{W-|alh|lilmi}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|burrë}}, {{W+|sq|trim}}
* {{Z|ale}}: {{W-|ale|tayaĝux̂}}
* {{Z|gmw-ecg}}: {{W-|gmw-ecg|Moan}} 
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Mann|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Mann|n}}, {{W+|de|Herr|n}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Maa|n}}
* {{Z|alr}}: {{W-|alr|ӄылавул|tr=qəlavul}}
* {{Z|amm}}: {{W-|amm|noko}}
* {{Z|zgh}}: {{W-|zgh|ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ወንድ}}
* {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|nnee}}, {{W-|apw|nndee}}, {{W-|apw|ndee}}, {{W-|apw|indee}}, {{W-|apw|ndeeń}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|hombre|n}}
* {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arc|גַּבְרָא|tr=gaḇrā}}
*: {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arc|𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀}}
*: {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܐܘܿܪܙܵܐ|tr=urza|n}}, {{W-|aii|ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ|tr=gawra|n}}
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܓܰܒܪܳܐ|tr=gaḇrā}}
*: {{Z|mid}}: {{W-|mid|ࡂࡁࡓࡀ|tr=gbrʾ}}
*: {{Z|sam}}: {{W-|sam|ࠂࠁࠓࠀ|ts=gaḇrā}}
* {{Z|agj}}: {{W-|agj|ወንድ|tr=wänd}}
* {{Z|aia}}: {{W-|aia|noni}}
* {{Z|aer}}: {{W-|aer|artwe}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|মতা মানুহ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|home|n}}
* {{Z|atj}}: {{W-|atj|iriniw}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|бихьинчи}}, {{W-|av|гӏадан}}
* {{Z|ay}}: {{W+|ay|chacha}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|オッカヨ|tr=okkayo}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|adam}}, {{W+|az|kişi}}, {{W+|az|ər}}
* {{Z|ban}}: {{W-|ban|muani}}, {{W-|ban|lanang}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W-|bm|cɛ}}
* {{Z|bjn}}: {{W-|bjn|lakian}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|gizon}}, {{W-|eu|gizaseme}}, {{W-|eu|gizonki}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ир}}, {{W-|ba|ир кеше}}
* {{Z|brg}}: {{W-|brg|hir}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|mo}}, {{W-|bar|må}}, {{W-|bar|môô}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|мужчы́на|n}}, {{W-|be|муж|n}} 
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|مرد|tr=mard}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|পুরুষ}}, {{W+|bn|নর}}, {{W+|bn|মরদ}}
* Berberî:
*: {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|argaz|n}}
* {{Z|sai-bet}}: {{W-|sai-bet|humasoi}}
* {{Z|bqi}}: {{W-|bqi|پیا|tr=piyâ}}
* {{Z|bla}}: {{W-|bla|ninaa}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|gwaz|n}}, {{W+|br|den|n}}
* {{Z|bug}}: {{W-|bug|burane}}
* {{Z|ape}}: {{W-|ape|élman}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|мъж|n}}
* {{Z|bum}}: {{W-|bum|fam}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ယောက်ျား|tr=yaukya:}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|эрэ хүн}}
* {{Z|cro}}: {{W-|cro|bacheé}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|yelna}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|боьрша стаг}}, {{W-|ce|стаг}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|muž|n}}, {{W+|cs|pán|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏍᎦᏯ}}
* {{Z|chy}}: {{W-|chy|hetane}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|mwamuna}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|hattak nakni'}}, {{W-|cic|hattak}}, {{W-|cic|nakni'}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|男人|tr=naam4 jan4-2}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|нанжын}}, {{W-|dng|нанзыхан}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|男人|tr=nàm-ngìn}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|男人|tr=nánrén}}, {{W+|cmn|男的|tr=nán de}}, {{W+|cmn|男子|tr=nánzǐ}}, {{W+|cmn|男子漢|tr=nánzǐhàn}}
*: {{Z|mnp}}: {{W-|mnp|男人|tr=nâng-nêng}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|男|tr=nàng}}, {{W-|cdo|唐部儂|tr=dòng-buô-nè̤ng}}, {{W-|cdo|男界|tr=nàng-gái}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|查埔人|tr=cha-po͘-lâng}}, {{W+|nan|男人|tr=lâm-jîn}}
*: {{Z|nan-tws}}: {{W-|nan-tws|查埔人|tr=da1 bou1 nang5}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|男人}}
* {{Z|apm}}: {{W-|apm|ndé}}
* {{Z|cho}}: {{W-|cho|hatak}}
* {{Z|cjv}}: {{W-|cjv|yai}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ар ҫын}}, {{W-|cv|ар}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|jomno|n}}
* {{Z|gmw-jdt}}: {{W-|gmw-jdt|kääd'l}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|mand|g}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ފިރިހެން މީހާ}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|эр киһи|tr=er kihi}}
* {{Z|avd}}: {{W-|avd|میرده|tr=mirde}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|pria}}, {{W+|id|laki-laki}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|رَجُل|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|راجِل|n|tr=rāgil}}
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|ريل|tr=rayyāl}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|رِجَّال|n|tr=rijjāl}}, {{W-|acw|راجل|n|tr=rājil}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|راجل|n|tr=rājil}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|رِجَّال|n|tr=rijjāl}}
*: {{Z|apd}}: {{W-|apd|زول|tr=zōl}}, {{W-|apd|راجِل|tr=rājil}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տղամարդ}}, {{W+|hy|մարդ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|аля}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|viro}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|mees}}, {{W-|et|meesterahvas}}
* {{Z|gez}}: {{W-|gez|ዕድ}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|няри}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|бэе}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|ŋutsu}}
* {{Z|peo}}: {{W-|peo|𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹|tr=martiya}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مَرد|tr=mard}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|kallmaður|n}}, {{W+|fo|maður|n}}, {{W+|fo|kallur|n}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W+|fj|turaga}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mies}}
* {{Z|frp}}: {{W-|frp|homo|n}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|hom|n}}, {{W-|fro|homme|n}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|homme|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|omp|n}}, {{W-|fur|om|n}}
* {{Z|frr}}:
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|maan|n}}
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|moon|n}}
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|Man|n}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Mon}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|man|g}}
* {{Z|ff}}: {{W-|ff|gorko}}
* {{Z|fut}}: {{W-|fut|taŋata}}
* {{Z|fuy}}: {{W-|fuy|an}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|fear|n}}, {{W-|gd|duine|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|varón|n}}, {{W+|gl|home|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰|n}}, {{W-|got|𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰|n|tr=guma}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|પુરુષ|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|კაცი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|ava}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|kāne}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W-|ha|mutum}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पुरुष|n}}, {{W+|hi|नर|n}}, {{W+|hi|मानुस|n}}, {{W+|hi|मानस|n}}, {{W+|hi|आदमी|n}}, {{W+|hi|मर्द|n}}, {{W+|hi|मानव|n}}, {{W+|hi|मानुष|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|lalaki}}
* {{Z|meu}}: {{W-|meu|tau}}
* Nahuatl:
*: {{Z|nhn}}: {{W-|nhn|tlacatl}}, {{W-|nhn|oquichtli}}
*: {{Z|nch}}: {{W-|nch|tlakatl}}, {{W-|nch|okixtli}}
*: Klasîk: {{W-|nci|tlacatl}}, {{W-|nci|oquichtli}}
* {{Z|hit}}: {{W-|hit|𒇽𒀸|tr=LÚ-as}}, {{W-|hit|𒁉𒌍𒈾𒀸|tr=pesnas}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|man|n}}, {{W+|nl|heer|n}}
* {{Z|hop}}: {{W-|hop|taaqa}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Mann|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אָדָם|n|tr=adám}}, {{W+|he|גֶּבֶר|tr=géver}}, {{W+|he|אִישׁ|n|tr=ish}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|viro}}
* {{Z|idb}}: {{W-|idb|homm}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|wer|n}}, {{W-|ang|secg|n}} 
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|man}} (male adult human)
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|mees}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|саг}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|homine}}, {{W+|ia|viro}}, {{W-|ia|masculo}}
* {{Z|iu}}: {{W-|iu|ᐊᖑᑦ}}
* {{Z|ik}}: {{W-|ik|angun}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|mama}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|fear|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|fer|n}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|lalaki}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|omo}}
* {{Z|ruo}}: {{W-|ruo|bărbåt|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|uomo|n}}
* {{Z|itv}}: {{W-|itv|lalaki}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|karlmaður|n}}, {{W+|is|karl|n}}, {{W+|is|maður|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|男性|tr=だんせい, dansei}}, {{W+|ja|男の人|tr=おとこのひと, otoko no hito}}, {{W+|ja|男|tr=おとこ, otoko}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|lanang}}, {{W+|jv|jaler}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|argaz}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|angut}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|залу күн}}
* {{Z|bco}}: {{W-|bco|kalu}}
* {{Z|rkt}}: {{W-|rkt|beṭa saöa}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ನರ}}, {{W+|kn|ಪುರುಷ}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|эркиши}}, {{W-|krc|эркегырыу|tr=erkegırıw}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|ukko}}
* {{Z|ktn}}: {{W-|ktn|taso}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|chłop|n}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|home|n}}
* {{Z|chc}}: {{W-|chc|ye}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|qhari}}, {{W-|qu|gari}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|эркек}}, {{W+|ky|киши}}
* {{Z|ktu}}: {{W-|ktu|bakala}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|මිනිහා}}, {{W+|si|මිනිසා}}, {{W+|si|පුරුෂයා}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|морт}}, {{W-|koi|мужичӧй}}, {{W-|koi|айморт}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|남자}}, {{W+|ko|사내}}
* {{Z|kmv}}: {{W-|kmv|uóm}}
* {{Z|lou}}: {{W-|lou|nonm}}, {{W-|lou|boug}}
* {{Z|cr}}: {{W-|cr|nâpêw}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|эркек}}
* {{Z|xug}}: {{W-|xug|男|tr=いけが, ikega}}
* {{Z|lld}}: {{W-|lld|ël}}
* {{Z|lkt}}: {{W-|lkt|wičháša}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|veirs|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|vir|n}}, {{W+|la|mās|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|vīrs|n}}
* {{Z|lvk}}: {{W-|lvk|ali}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ຜູ້ຊາຍ}}, {{W-|lo|ຊາຍ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|კოჩი}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|итим}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|ommo|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|vyras|n}}
* {{Z|olt}}: {{W-|olt|žmuõ|n|nt}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|mīez}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|omm|n}}
* {{Z|uvl}}: {{W-|uvl|non}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦋᦻ}}
* {{Z|lg}}: {{W-|lg|omusajja}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|mònn|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|маж|n}}, {{W+|mk|човек|n}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|lehilahy}}, {{W+|mg|olona}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|മനുഷ്യൻ}}, {{W+|ml|ആണ്}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|lelaki}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|raġel|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡥᠠᡥᠠ}}
* {{Z|mdr}}: {{W-|mdr|tommuane}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|fer|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|tāne}}
* {{Z|arn}}: {{W-|arn|wentru}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|mama}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|माणूस|n}}, {{W+|mr|पुरुष|n}}
* {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|марий}}, {{W-|mhr|пӧръеҥ}}
* {{Z|mrc}}: {{W-|mrc|ipa}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|xiib}}
* {{Z|mzn}}: {{W-|mzn|مردی|tr=mardi}}
* {{Z|fit}}: {{W-|fit|mies}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|férfi}}, {{W+|hu|ember}}
* {{Z|ruq}}: {{W-|ruq|bărbat|n}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|კოჩი}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|z|h=z:A1*Z1|n}}
* {{Z|mic}}: {{W-|mic|jinem}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|home}}
* {{Z|moh}}: {{W-|moh|rón:kwe}}
* {{Z|xpq}}: {{W-|xpq|in}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|аля}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|mn|эр хүн}}, {{W+|mn|хүн}}, {{W-|mn|эрэгтэй хүн}}, {{W+|mn|эр}}, {{W-|cu|хлопъ|n}}
* {{Z|naq}}: {{W-|naq|khoeb}}
* {{Z|niq}}: {{W-|niq|chii}}, {{W-|niq|muren}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|ommo|n}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|hastiin}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|Mann|n}}
* {{Z|yrk}}: {{W-|yrk|хасава|tr=xasawa}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|पुरुष}}, {{W-|ne|लोग्ने मान्छे|tr=logne manche}}
* {{Z|nay}}: {{W-|nay|korni}}
* {{Z|niv}}: {{W-|niv|утку}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|haomme|n}}, {{W-|nrf|homme|n}}, {{W-|nrf|houme|n}}, {{W-|nrf|houmme|n}} 
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|maðr|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|mann|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|mann|n}}
* {{Z|nys}}: {{W-|nys|man}}, {{W-|nys|maaman}}
* {{Z|ood}}: {{W-|ood|cheoj}}
* {{Z|cst}}: {{W-|cst|ṯaares}}, {{W-|cst|tá̄ris}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|inini}}
* {{Z|okn}}: {{W-|okn|男|tr=いぃんが, yinga}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|男|tr=ゐきが, wikiga}}
* {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|omne}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|òme|n}}
* {{Z|bxe}}: {{W-|bxe|inta}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ନର}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|namicha}}, {{W+|om|dhiira}}, {{W+|om|nama}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|лӕг}}, {{W-|os|нӕл}}, {{W-|os|нӕлгоймаг}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|ادم|tr=adam}}, {{W-|ota|اركك|tr=erkek}}, {{W-|ota|ار|tr=er}}, {{W-|ota|رجل|tr=recul}}, {{W-|ota|مرد|tr=merd}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|ئەر}}, {{W-|ug|ئەر كىشى}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|er}}, {{W+|uz|kişi}}, {{W-|uz|erkak kişi}}, {{W+|uz|erkak}}, {{W+|uz|kişi}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|hòmber}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|سړی|n|tr=saṛáy}}
* {{Z|piv}}: {{W-|piv|tangata}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|takat}}, {{W-|ppl|tacat}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|wati}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Maun|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mężczyzna|m-pr}}, {{W+|pl|pan|m-pr}}, {{W+|pl|człowiek|m-pr}}, {{W+|pl|mąż|m-pr}} 
* {{Z|roa-opt}}: {{W-|roa-opt|ome|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|homem|n}}, {{W+|pt|varão|n}}, {{W+|pt|mane|n}} 
* {{Z|pim}}: {{W-|pim|nimarew}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|wīrs}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਆਦਮੀ|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|ер}}, {{W-|kk|еркек}}, {{W-|kk|еркек}}, {{W+|kk|ер адам}}, {{W-|kk|ер кісі}}, {{W-|kk|жігіт}}, {{W-|kk|кісі}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲣⲱⲙⲉ}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|tangata}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|òm|n}}, {{W-|rgn|òman|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|um|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|bărbat|n}}, {{W+|ro|om|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|мужчи́на|n}}, {{W+|ru|муж|n}}, {{W+|ru|мужи́к|n}} 
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|хлоп|n}}, {{W-|rue|муж|n}}
* {{Z|str}}: {{W-|str|SWÍḴE}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|almai}}
*: {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|almmái}}
*: {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|åålm}}
*: {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|ålma}}
* {{Z|sgs}}: {{W-|sgs|vīrs|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|वृषन्|n}}, {{W+|sa|पुरुष|n}}, {{W+|sa|नर|n}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|òmine|n}}
* {{Z|svs}}: {{W-|svs|tada}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|lalaki}}
* {{Z|ssg}}: {{W-|ssg|wawan}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|omu|n}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|chop|n}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|ماڻھو|tr=māṇhū}}, {{W-|sd|مرد|tr=mardu}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|man}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|čovek|n}}
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|човјек|n}}, {{W-|sh|мушкарац|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|čovjek|n}}, {{W+|sh|muškarac|n}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠛꠦꠐꠣ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|mannie}}
* {{Z|scs}}: {{W-|scs|deneyu}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|мѫжь|n}}, {{W-|cu|*мѫжьщина|n}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⰿⱘⰶⱐ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|мужь|n}}, {{W-|orv|*мущина|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|muž}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|moški|n}}, {{W+|sl|mož|n}}
* {{Z|zlw-slv}}: {{W-|zlw-slv|χlʉ̀ɵ̯p|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|nin}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|muski|n}}, {{W-|dsb|muž|n}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W+|hsb|muž|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|hombre|n}}, {{W+|es|varón|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|pameget}}, {{W+|su|lalaki}}
* {{Z|sux}}: {{W-|sux|𒇽|tr=LÚ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mwanaume|cm|cwa}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|man}}, {{W+|sv|karl|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၸၢႆး}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|мард}}, {{W+|tg|одам}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|lalaki}}
* {{Z|ty}}: {{W-|ty|tāne}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|مرد|tr=merd}} 
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|ஆண்}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|sə́onena}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|argaz|n}}, {{W-|rif|aryaz|n}}
* {{Z|jdt}}: {{W-|jdt|мерд}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|usug}}
* {{Z|nod}}: {{W-|nod|ᨩᩣ᩠ᨿ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ผู้ชาย}}, {{W+|th|ชาย}}
* {{Z|tdd}}: {{W-|tdd|ᥓᥣᥭᥰ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పురుషుడు}}, {{W+|te|మగవాడు}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|erkek}}, {{W-|crh|er kişi}}, {{W-|crh|adam}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ир}}, {{W-|tt|ир кеше}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|mane}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ሰብኣይ}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰼|ts=er}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|adam}}, {{W+|tr|erkek}}, {{W+|tr|er}}, {{W+|tr|er kişi}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|erkek}}, {{W+|tk|adam}}, {{W-|tk|kişi}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|མི}}, {{W-|bo|ཕོ}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|man}}
* {{Z|xto}}: {{W-|xto|oṅk}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|eṅkwe}}
* {{Z|tn}}: {{W-|tn|monna}}
* {{Z|tum}}: {{W-|tum|mwanalume}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W-|tpn|abá}}
* {{Z|tvl}}: {{W-|tvl|tagata}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|эр кижи}}, {{W-|tyv|эр}}
* {{Z|tzo}}: {{W-|tzo|vinik}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|пиосмурт}}, {{W-|udm|воргорон}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|آدْمِی|n|tr=ādmī}}, {{W-|ur|مَرْد|n|tr=mard}}, {{W-|ur|پُرُش|n|tr=puruś}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|чолові́к|n}}, {{W-|uk|муж|n}}, {{W-|uk|мужчи́на|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|omo|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đàn ông}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|man}}, {{W-|vo|himen}}
* {{Z|vro}}: {{W-|vro|miis}}
* {{Z|msn}}: {{W-|msn|atm̄ēn}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|ome|n}}
* {{Z|wbp}}: {{W-|wbp|wati}}
* {{Z|wax}}: {{W-|wax|namot}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gŵr|n}}, {{W+|cy|dyn|n}}
* {{Z|wym}}: {{W-|wym|menś}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W-|wo|góor ji}}, {{W+|wo|góor}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ប្រុស}}
* {{Z|apj}}: {{W-|apj|didé}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|indoda}}
* {{Z|yxg}}: {{W-|yxg|dhan}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|мард}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|эр киһи}}, {{W-|sah|эр}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|úa}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מאַן|n}}
* {{Z|yox}}: {{W-|yox|男|tr=をぅいが, wuiga}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ọkùnrin}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|άνδρας|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀνήρ|n}}
* {{Z|zag}}: {{W-|zag|boru}}
* {{Z|zwa}}: {{W-|zwa|səb}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|man|n}}, {{W-|zea|vent|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|bouxsai}}, {{W-|za|sai}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|A@Forehead-5Chest Vert}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|indoda|c9|c6}}, {{W+|zu|umlisa|c1|c2}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|tâa a̰a}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|man|oldid=75667970|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}
{{werger-ser|şû, hevser, mêrê jinekê}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахаҵа}}, {{W-|ab|аԥшәма}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|baqala}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|eggenoot}}
* {{Z|xag}}: {{W-|xag|𐕒𐕡𐕚𐔱𐕒}}
* {{Z|akk}}: {{W-|akk|𒁮|tr=mutu}}
* {{Z|akz}}: {{W-|akz|innaani}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|burrë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ehemann|n}}, {{W+|de|Mann|n}}, {{W+|de|Gemahl|n}}, {{W+|de|Gatte|n}}, {{W+|de|Ehegatte|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|ӧбӧгӧн}}
* {{Z|alr}}: {{W-|alr|ӄылавул|tr=qəlavul}}
* {{Z|abs}}: {{W-|abs|paitua}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W+|am|ባል}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W+|rup|bãrbat}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|গিৰি}}, {{W-|as|পৈ}}, {{W-|as|স্বামী}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|esposu|n}}, {{W+|ast|home|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ər}}, {{W-|az|zövc}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|senar}}, {{W+|eu|gizon}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ир}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|муж|n}}, {{W-|be|сужэ́нец|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|স্বামী}}, {{W+|bn|শওহর}}, {{W+|bn|জওজ}}, {{W+|bn|পতি}}
* {{Z|bqi}}: {{W-|bqi|شی|tr=ši}}, {{W-|bqi|میره|tr=mēre}}
* {{Z|bor}}: {{W-|bor|oredu}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|gwaz|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|мъж|n}}, {{W+|bg|съпру́г|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|လင်}}, {{W+|my|ခင်ပွန်း}}
* {{Z|cja}}: {{W-|cja|ڤسآڠ}}
* {{Z|cjm}}: {{W-|cjm|ꨤꨆꨬ|tr=lakei}}, {{W-|cjm|ꨚꨔꩃ|tr=pathang}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|мар}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|manžel|n}}, {{W+|cs|muž|n}}, {{W+|cs|choť|n}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|i̠hattak}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|丈夫|tr=zoeng6 fu1}}, {{W-|yue|老公|tr=lou5 gung1}}, {{W-|yue|先生|tr=sin1 saang1}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|нанжын}}, {{W-|dng|җонфу}}, {{W-|dng|лохан}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|丈夫|tr=chhong-fû}}, {{W-|hak|先生|tr=sîn-sâng}}
*: {{Z|lzh}}: {{W-|lzh|相公}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|丈夫|tr=zhàngfu}}, {{W+|cmn|老公|tr=lǎogōng}}, {{W+|cmn|先生|tr=xiānsheng}}, {{W+|cmn|愛人|tr=àirén}} 
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|翁|tr=ang}}, {{W-|nan|翁婿|tr=ang-sài}}, {{W+|nan|查埔人|tr=tsa-poo-lâng}}, {{W-|nan|丈夫|tr=tiōng-hu}}, {{W+|nan|先生|tr=sian-seⁿ/sian-siⁿ}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|丈夫}}, {{W-|wuu|愛人}}, {{W-|wuu|先生}}
* {{Z|cho}}: {{W-|cho|hatak}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|ыʼвэӄуч|tr=yʼvėquč}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|marait|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|mand|g}}, {{W+|da|ægtemand|g}}, {{W-|da|husbond|g}} 
* {{Z|xda}}: {{W-|xda|mullamang}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|suami}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|زَوْج|n}}, {{W+|ar|بَعْل|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|جوز|n|tr=gōz}}, {{W-|arz|زوج|n|tr=zōg}} 
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|ريل|n|tr=rayil}}, {{W-|afb|زوج|n|tr=zōj}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ամուսին}}, {{W+|hy|մարդ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|мирде}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|edzo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|mees}}, {{W+|et|abikaasa}}
* {{Z|gez}}: {{W-|gez|በዓል}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|atsu}}, {{W-|ee|srɔ̃ŋutsu}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شُوهَر|tr=šowhar}}, {{W+|fa|شو|tr=šu}}, {{W+|fa|شی|tr=ši}}, {{W+|fa|شوی|tr=šuy}}, {{W+|fa|زُوج|tr=zowj}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|maður|n}}, {{W-|fo|ektamaður|n}}, {{W-|fo|maki|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mies}}, {{W+|fi|aviomies}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|mari|n}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mari|n}}, {{W+|fr|époux|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|omp|n}}, {{W-|fur|om|n}}, {{W-|fur|marît|n}}, {{W-|fur|cristian|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|fear-cèile|n}}, {{W-|gd|fear-pòsda|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|marido|n}}, {{W+|gl|esposo|n}}, {{W+|gl|home|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌰𐌱𐌰|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|પતિ|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ქმარი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|me}}, {{W+|gn|ména}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|mari}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|kāne}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W-|ha|mijī̀}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|asawa}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पति|n}}, {{W+|hi|शौहर|n}}, {{W-|hi|ख़ावंद|n}}, {{W+|hi|मर्द|n}}, {{W+|hi|खाविंद}}, {{W+|hi|खामिंद|n}}, {{W+|hi|स्वामि|n}}, {{W+|hi|स्वामी|n}}, {{W+|hi|धनी|n}}, {{W+|hi|पती|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|bana}}
* {{Z|hit}}: {{W-|hit|𒇽𒀸|tr=LÚ-as}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|txiv}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|man|n}}, {{W+|nl|echtgenoot|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|בַּעַל|n|tr=baʿal}}, {{W+|he|אִישׁ|n|tr=ʾish}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|spozulo}}
* {{Z|igl}}: {{W-|igl|ọ́kọ}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|di}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|wer|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|husbonde}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|husband}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|мар}}, {{W-|inh|цӏен-да}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|marito}}, {{W-|ia|sposo}}, {{W-|ia|sponso}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|fear|n}}, {{W-|ga|fear céile|n}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|mareî|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|marito|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|eiginmaður}}, {{W+|is|maður|n}}, {{W+|is|bóndi|n}} 
* {{Z|ijc}}: {{W-|ijc|yei|cuda=yeí}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|夫|tr=おっと, otto}}, {{W+|ja|旦那|tr=だんな, danna}}, {{W+|ja|亭主|tr=ていしゅ, teishu}}, {{W+|ja|主人|tr=しゅじん, shujin}}, {{W+|ja|ハズバンド|tr=hazubando}}, {{W+|ja|ハズ|tr=hazu}}, {{W+|ja|ご主人|tr=ごしゅじん, go-shujin}} 
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|laki}}, {{W-|jv|bojo lanang}}, {{W-|jv|garwa kakung}}
* {{Z|jje}}: {{W-|jje|남펜}}, {{W-|jje|서방}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|ui}}
* {{Z|kam}}: {{W-|kam|mundu ume}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಪತಿ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|marit|n}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|qusa}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W+|ks|خانہٕ دار}}, {{W+|ks|خاوَنٛد}}, {{W+|ks|بَرتھا|tr=barthā}}, {{W+|ks|روٗن}}, {{W+|ks|اوش|tr=ōś}}, {{W+|ks|گَروول|tr=garvōl}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|эр}}, {{W+|ky|күйөө}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|morume}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|සැමියා}}, {{W-|si|ස්වාමිපුරුෂයා}}, {{W+|si|පුරුෂයා}}
* {{Z|kis}}: {{W-|kis|msacha}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|айка}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|mume|c1|c2}}, {{W-|swb|mme|c1|c2}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|남편}}, {{W+|ko|양반}}, {{W+|ko|량반}} 
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|gour|n}}
* {{Z|lou}}: {{W-|lou|mari}}
* {{Z|lmy}}: {{W-|lmy|lai}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|marītus|n}}, {{W+|la|coniunx|n}}, {{W+|la|vir|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|vīrs|n}}, {{W-|lv|dzīvesbiedrs|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຜົວ}}, {{W-|lo|ສາມີ}}, {{W-|lo|ສະຫວາມິ}}, {{W-|lo|ພັດສະດາ}}, {{W-|lo|ປະຕິ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|ქომოჯი}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|гъуьл}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|vyras|n}}, {{W+|lt|sutuoktinis|n}}, {{W+|lt|pats|n}} 
* {{Z|ycl}}: {{W-|ycl|capor}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦕᦷ}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|omsecha}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Mann|n}}
* {{Z|luo}}: {{W-|luo|chuora}}, {{W-|luo|jaod}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|kaluma}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|маж|n}}, {{W-|mk|со́пруг|n}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W-|mg|ibaban-tsaiky}}, {{W+|mg|lahy}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഭര്‍ത്താവ്}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|suami}}, {{W+|ms|laki}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|raġel|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡝᡳᡤᡝᠨ}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|bana}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hoa tāne}}, {{W+|mi|tāne}}, {{W-|mi|hoa rangatira}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|kawing}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|नवरा|n}}, {{W-|mr|पती|n}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|íicham}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|férj}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|ქომოჯი}}
* {{Z|mer}}: {{W-|mer|murume}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|hj|h=h-i-D52-A1}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|нөхөр}}
* {{Z|wmw}}: {{W-|wmw|nlume}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|marito|n}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|hahastiin}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|Ehmann|n}}, {{W-|nds-de|Mann|n}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|पति|n}}, {{W-|ne|श्रीमान}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|bouonhoumme|n}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ektemann}}, {{W-|no|husbond}}
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|ektemann|n}}, {{W+|nb|mann|n}}, {{W-|nb|husbond|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|ektemann|n}}, {{W+|nn|mann|n}}, {{W-|nn|husbond|n}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|niwiidigemaagan}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|marit|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ସ୍ୱାମୀ}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|лӕг}}, {{W-|os|мой}}, {{W-|os|мойнӕ}} 
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|ئەر}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|er}}
* {{Z|blk}}: {{W-|blk|ဝါ}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|bhattu|n}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|خاوند|n|tr=xāwánd}}, {{W-|ps|مړو|n|tr=mṛo}}, {{W-|ps|مېړه|n|tr=meṛᶕ}}, {{W+|ps|سړی|n|tr=saṛáy}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Maun|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mąż|m-pr}}, {{W+|pl|małżonek|m-pr}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|marido|n}}, {{W+|pt|esposo|n}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਪਤੀ|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|ер}}, {{W-|kk|күйеу}}, {{W-|kk|жұбай}}
* {{Z|cop}}:
*: Bohaîrî: {{W-|cop|ϩⲁⲓ|n}}
*: {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ϩⲉⲓ|n}}
*: Sahîdî: {{W-|cop|ϩⲁⲓ|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|um|n}}, {{W-|rm|cunsort|n}} 
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|rrom|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|soț|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|муж|n}}, {{W+|ru|супру́г|n}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|хлоп|n}}, {{W-|rue|муж|n}}, {{W-|rue|ма́нжел|n}}
* {{Z|ksw}}: {{W-|ksw|ဝၤ}}
* {{Z|ssy}}: {{W-|ssy|bacla}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|boadnji}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|madiru|n}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|bana}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|maritu|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|му̑ж|n}}, {{W-|sh|су̏пруг|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|mȗž|n}}, {{W+|sh|sȕprug|n}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|guidman}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|мѫжь|n}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⰿⱘⰶⱐ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|мужь|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|manžel|n}}, {{W+|sk|muž|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|mọ̑ž|n}}, {{W+|sl|soprọ̑g|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|cłowjek|n}}, {{W-|dsb|muž|n}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W+|hsb|muž|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|marido|n}}, {{W+|es|esposo|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|carogé}}, {{W+|su|salaki}}
* {{Z|sux}}: {{W-|sux|𒁮|tr=DAM}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ჭაშ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mume}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|make|g}}, {{W+|sv|man|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၽူဝ်}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|mndru-mme|c1|c2}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|эр|tr=er}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|шавҳар}}, {{W-|tg|завҷ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|asawa}}, {{W+|tl|bana}}, {{W-|tl|lalaking asawa}}, {{W-|tl|esposo}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|அம்படையன்}}, {{W+|ta|கணவன்}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|sə́onena}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|marite|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สามี}}, {{W+|th|ผัว}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|మొగుడు}}, {{W+|te|భర్త}}, {{W+|te|పెనిమిటి}}
* {{Z|tft}}: {{W-|tft|raka}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|aqay}}, {{W-|crh|qoca}}, {{W-|crh|refiq}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ир}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|la'en}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|በዓል ቤት|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|koca}}, {{W+|tr|eş}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|är}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཁྱོ་ག}}
* {{Z|tli}}: {{W-|tli|x̱úx̱}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|pets}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W-|tpn|mena}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|ашак}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|ишкъар}}, {{W-|udi|ишу}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎎𐎚}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|شَوہَر|n|tr=śauhar}}, {{W-|ur|پَتی|n|tr=pati}}, {{W-|ur|خاوِنْد|n|tr=xāvind}}, {{W-|ur|میاں|tr=miyā̃}}, {{W-|ur|سرتاج|tr=sartāj}}, {{W-|ur|خصم|tr=xasam}}, {{W-|ur|زوج|tr=zoj}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|чолові́к|n}}, {{W-|uk|муж|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|marìo|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|chồng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|matan}}, {{W+|vo|himatan}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|ome|n}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gŵr|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ប្ដី}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|вир}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|эр}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|tuku}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מאַן|n}}
* {{Z|ii}}: {{W-|ii|ꃥꌋ}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ọkọ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σύζυγος|n}}, {{W+|el|άνδρας|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|γαμέτης|n}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|man|n}}, {{W-|zea|vent|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|boh}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|umyeni|c1|c2}}, {{W+|zu|indoda|c9|c10}}, {{W-|zu|umkhwenyana|c1|c2}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|tâa a̰a}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|husband|oldid=75571024|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{navdêr|ku|form=erê}}
# {{f|ku|kurmanciya navendî}} ''[[form|Form]]a [[çemandî]] ya [[diyar]] ji [[peyv]]a'' '''[[mar]] (1)'''
#: {{nm|ku|Mêr bikuje/nekuje!|Marî bikuje/nekuje!|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez êdî mêr nabînim.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|marî||kurmanciya rojhilatî}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>3na7q4pvr4ufollmfan9aoipep0kqc4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>-a</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3124</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290860</id>
      <parentid>6277196</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Paşgir */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290860</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3186" sha1="gxirzjs264xm5tgikctn30yzl9hw08z" xml:space="preserve">{{binêre herwiha/a}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Paşgir ===
{{paşgir|ku}}
# Paşgirek e bo peyvên [[yekjimar]] yên [[zayendmê]] dema nomînek (cînavek / navdêrek / rengdêrek) diyarker li dû wê peyvê bêt.
#: {{mk|ku|keç'''a''' wê, jin'''a''' Elî, pirtûk'''a''' kevn, gulek'''a''' sor, darek'''a''' stûr}}
# {{maneid|ku|wext}} Dikeve dû hin peyvan û maneya &quot;wê..., ya ku&quot; didiyê.
#: {{qfnim|ku|car|cara}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|dem|dema}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|bîsk|bîska}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|kêlîk|kêlîka}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|wext|wexta}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|gav|gava}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dem'''a''' ez şiyar bûm, ew hinda bûbû|Wê demê, ya ku ez şiyar bûm, ew hinda bûbû.}}
# Di zimanê devkî de paşgira [[pirrjimar]]iyê ye dema peyv [[serbixwe]] be (ango ti nomîn li dû wê neyên).
#: {{hevmane|ku|-an}}
#: {{mk|ku|Du pirtûk'''a''' bîne lê pênûs'''a''' li wir  bihêle.|Du pirtûkan bîne lê pênûsan li wir bihêle.|birêz=1}}
# Di zimanê devkî de paşgira pirrjimariyê ya dikeve pey cînavên diyarker dema ew li pêş peyvên pirrjimar yên tewandî bin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|-an}}
#: ''ev'''a''' sêva'' yan ''v'''a''' sêva'' (van sêvan), ''ew'''a''' xoxa'' yan ''w'''a''' xoxa'' (wan xoxan).
# Di hin devokan de dikeve dû peyva [[zayendmê]] ya li pey cînava &quot;{{g|ku|ev}}&quot;.
#: ''Ev pirtûk'''a''' xweş e'' (Ev pirtûk xweş e). Li gor hin devokan heman riste dikare wiha jî bêt got: ''Ev pirtûke xweş e / Ev pirtûka han xweş e / Ev pirtûka ha xweş e / Ev pirtûka he xweş e / Ev pirtûka hanê xweş e / Ev pirtûka henê xweş e.''
# {{maneid|ku|zanîn}} Paşgirek e hin peyvên nû pê hatine çêkirin ku maneya &quot;ya / yê (pirr baş) tiştekî dizane&quot; dide.
#: {{qfnim|ku|bez|beza}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|fehm|fehma}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|xwend|xwenda}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|zan|zana}}
# {{maneid|ku|navê jinan ji yê mêran}} Pê hin [[nav]]ên [[jin]]an ji yên [[zelam]]an tên çêkirin.
#: {{qfnim|ku|Fehîm|Fehîma}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|Hisên|Hisna}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|Kerîm|Kerîma}}

==== Bide ber ====
* [[a-]], [[a]], [[-a-]]

==== Jê ====
{{paşgirbibîne|ku}}
{{paşgirbibîne|ku|id=wext}}
{{paşgirbibîne|ku|id=zanîn}}
{{paşgirbibîne|ku|id=navê jinan ji yê mêran}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|eo}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
{{eo-IPA|a}}
* {{deng|eo|LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7--a.wav|Deng|dever=Toulouse, Fransa}}

=== Paşgir ===
{{paşgir|eo}}
# Paşgira rengdêrkirinê ye.
#: {{mk|eo|bel'''a'''|xweş|rêz=1}}
#: {{mk|eo|bon'''a'''|baş|rêz=1}}
#: {{mk|eo|long'''a'''|dirêj|rêz=1}}
#: {{mk|eo|sam'''a'''|heman|rêz=1}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101--a.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Paşgir ===
{{paşgir|en}}
# Paşgiregeke ingilîzî ye ku bi peyvên [[esil]]-[[latînî]] re tê bikaranîn û bi giştî pirjimariya van herdû paşgiran çêdike.

*[[-um]]
*[[-on]]

# Paşgireke ingilîzî ye ku ji latînî hatiye û made an jî bûjenan dike.

• [[oksîd]]
• [[magnesia]]

* paşgirek e ku şûna paşgira [[-er]] ya fermî digire

• &quot;me fatha was a corka burna doon the shipyard — “My father was a corker burner at the shipyard.”</text>
      <sha1>gxirzjs264xm5tgikctn30yzl9hw08z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>didan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3155</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290861</id>
      <parentid>6249696</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290861</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15831" sha1="pe312upzo2j66p3c7l5apizdwcz3gnm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Teeth by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|didanên spî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[hestî|Hestiyên]] di [[dev]]î de ku [[xwarin]] pê tê [[hêrandin]].
# [[parçe|Parçe]]yên [[tûj]] yên [[dev]]ê [[amûr]]ên [[birrek]] (bi taybetî [[mişar]]an) ku [[şibîn|dişibin]] didanan.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Didan'''ên mişarê.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ددان}}
* {{ku-kr|дьдан}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[diran]]
* {{hw|ku|dinan||Torî}}
* [[dinan]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêdidan
|bêdidanî
|bêdidanîtî
|bêdidantî
|bididan
|didançêker
|didandar
|didandarî
|didanêş
|didanêşî
|[[didanketî]], [[didankeftî]]
|[[didankirmî]], [[didankurmî]]
|didannas
|didannasî
|didansaz
|didansazî
|didantûj
|didantûjî
|didanvan
|didanvanî
|didanê aqilî
|[[didanê asinî]], [[didanê hesinî]]
|didanê şîrî
|[[didanê çêkirî]], [[didanê destkirî]]
|didanê zêrî
|doktorê didanan
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha [[diran]], [[dinan]], [[dan]], [[hevreh]]ên soranî  {{g|ckb|ددان|tr=didan}} û {{g|ckb|دان|tr=dan}}, [[kurdiya başûrî]] ''[[digan]]'' û ''[[dinan]]'', lekî ''[[diyan]]'', hewramî ''[[diđan]]'', zazakî {{q|zza|didan}} û ''[[dindan]]'', farisî {{g|fa|دندان}} ''(dendan)'', pehlewî ''dad'' an ''dendan'' &lt;ref&gt;Bînêre: Ferhenga &quot;A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary&quot; ya D. N. Mackenzie. Rûpel: Pdf: 45 û 46. Pirtûk:23 û 24.
Link: https://www.avetruthbooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/d.-n.-mackenzie.-a-concise-pahlavi-dictionary-1986.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; , belûçî {{g|bal|دنتان‎}} ''(dentan)'', avestayî [[𐬛𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬀𐬥‎]] ''(denten)'' û [[𐬛𐬁𐬙𐬁]]‎ ''(dātā)'', osetî [[дӕндаг]] ''(dændag)'', sanskrîtî [[दन्त]] ''(dánta)'', lîtwanî ''[[dantìs]]'', rusî [[десна́ ]] ''(dêsná)'', çekî ''[[dáseň]]'', yûnanî [[δόντι]] ''(dónti)'', latînî ''[[dens]]'', fransî ''[[dent]]'', îtalî/portugalî ''[[dente]]'', romanî ''[[dinte]]'', spanî ''[[diente]]'', bretonî ''[[dant]]'', danmarkî/holendî/swêdî ''[[tand]]'', norwecî ''[[tann]]'', almanî ''[[Zahn]]'', îngilîzî ''[[tooth]]'' (pirhejmar: ''[[teeth]]'')... hemû ji [[proto-hindûewropî]] *''[[h₃dónts]]'' (rehê çemandî *''[[h₃dn̥t-]]'').

Cinsê peyvê di makezimanê [[proto-hindûewropî]] de nêr bû û di zimanên hindûewropî yên sîstema duzayendî (nêr û mêr) yan sêzayendî (nêr, mê û nêtar) parastî de bi piranî peyv nêr maye.

Di kurmancî de ji herdu formên ''didan'' û ''dinan'' ji forma ''*dindan'' peyda bûne. Forma ''diran'' ji ''didan'' yan ''dinan'' bi [[dîsîmîlasyon]]a [[https://zimannas.wordpress.com/2019/11/02/asimilasyon-u-degeminasyon-di-kurdi-de/]] anku jihevcudabûna dengî peyda bûye yanî yek ji herdu dengên wek hev yên D yan N bûye R.

Forma ''dan'' bi [[haplolojî|haplolojiyê]] anku bi xistina yek ji du kîteyên wek hev yan nêzîkî hev ji forma &quot;didan&quot; peyda bûye.

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Tsabolov|Çabolov r. 306]], [[Şablon:Chyet|Chyet r. 149]], [[Şablon:Horn|Horn r. 128]], [[Şablon:Rastorgujeva|Rastorguyeva r. 329]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins r. 16]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]], Wiktionary'ya îngilîzî [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hd%C3%A1ntas]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: didan, dan
* {{Z|sdh}}: [[digan]], [[dinan]]
* {{Z|lki}}: [[diyan]]
* {{Z|hac}}: [[diđan]]
* {{Z|zza}}: didan, [[dindan]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}

* {{Z|aau}}: {{W-|aau|nays}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахаԥыц|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|gigoe}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|boddiná}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|tand}}
* {{Z|ak}}: {{W-|ak|ɛse}}, {{W-|ak|ɔse}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|ngipon}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|dhëmb}}, {{W-|sq|dhâm}} (Gheg)
* {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|zan|n}}, {{W-|goh|zand|n}}, {{W-|goh|zant|n}}
* {{Z|gmh}}: {{W-|gmh|zan|n}}, {{W-|gmh|zant|n}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Zung|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zahn|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|тиш}}
* {{Z|amm}}: {{W-|amm|i}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ጥርስ}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|iwoo}} 
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|dient}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܫܢܐ|g|tr=šennā}}
*: Aramiya cihû: {{W-|arc|שִׁנָּא|m|tr=šinnā}}
* {{Z|agj}}: {{W-|agj|ስን|tr=sǝn}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|dinti|m}}, {{W-|rup|dinte|m}}
* {{Z|aer}}: {{W-|aer|artitye}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|দাঁত}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|diente|n}}, {{W-|ast|dentamen|n-p}}
* {{Z|aot}}: {{W-|aot|wa}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|ца|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ニマキ|tr=nimaki}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|diş}}
* {{Z|bdr}}: {{W-|bdr|impon}}
* {{Z|ban}}: {{W-|ban|gigi}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|hortz}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|теш|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|sne}}: {{W-|sne|jupon}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|зуб|n}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|دنتان|tr=dantán}}, {{W-|bal|دتھاں}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|দাঁত}}, {{W+|bn|দান্দান}}, {{W+|bn|দন্ত}}, {{W+|bn|দশন}}, {{W+|bn|রদ}}, {{W+|bn|দংষ্ট্র}}
* {{Z|bsb}}: {{W-|bsb|nipon}}
* {{Z|bor}}: {{W-|bor|o}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|dant|n}}, {{W+|br|dent|p}}
* {{Z|bug}}: {{W-|bug|isi}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|зъб|n}}
* {{Z|bji}}: {{W-|bji|irka}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|သွား|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|шүдэ}} ; {{W-|bua|шүдэн|sc=Cyrl}} 
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|ajsi}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|церг|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zub|n}}
* {{Z|cdm}}: {{W-|cdm|साय्‍क्‌}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎦᏅᏙᎬ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|dzino}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|牙|tr=ngaa4}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|я}}, {{W-|dng|ня}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|牙齒|tr=ngà-chhṳ́}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|牙齒|tr=yáchǐ}}, {{W+|cmn|牙|tr=yá}}, {{W+|cmn|齒|tr=chǐ}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|牙|tr=ngà / ngāi}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|喙齒|tr=chhùi-khí}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|牙齒}}, {{W-|wuu|牙子}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|шӑл|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|chk}}: {{W-|chk|ngii}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|diant}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tand|g}}
* {{Z|dar}}: {{W-|dar|цула}}
* {{Z|xda}}: {{W-|xda|dharra}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ދައިޔ}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|тиис|tr=tiis|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|sce}}: {{W-|sce|shidun}}
* {{Z|duu}}: {{W-|duu|sa}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|gigi}}, {{W+|id|danta}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|سِنّ|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|سن|n|tr=senn}}, {{W-|arz|سنة|m|tr=senna}}, {{W-|arz|سنان|m-p|tr=senan}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|سنة|m|tr=sanna}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ատամ}}, {{W+|hy|ակռա}} 
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|пей}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|dento}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|hammas}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|ӣт}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|иктэ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دندان|tr=dandân}}, {{W-|fa|دندون|tr=dandun}}, {{W+|fa|گاز|tr=gâz}}
* {{Z|ddg}}: {{W-|ddg|vahinu}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|tonn|m}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W-|fj|bati}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hammas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|dent|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|dint|n}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|tus|n}}, {{W-|frr|Ter|g}} 
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|tosk}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|fiacaill|m}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|diş}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|dente|n}}
* {{Z|kld}}: {{W-|kld|yira}}
* {{Z|grt}}: {{W-|grt|ওয়াগাম|tr=wa-gam}}
* {{Z|glk}}: {{W-|glk|دندن|tr=dëndan}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍄𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌿𐍃|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|દાંત}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|კბილი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|tãi}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|dan}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|niho}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|haƙori}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|दाँत|n}}, {{W+|hi|दान्त|n}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|hniav}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|tand|n}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Zaan|n}}
* {{Z|tts}}: {{W-|tts|แข้ว|tr=khaew}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שֵׁן|m|tr=shen}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|dento}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|tōþ|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|tothe}}, {{W-|enm|toth}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|tooth}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|hammas}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|царг}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|dente}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|nipen}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|fiacail|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|dente|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|tönn|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|歯|tr=は, ha|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|huntu}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|untu}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|tuɣmest|m}}
* {{Z|kzj}}: {{W-|kzj|nipon}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|kigut}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|шүдн|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ktb}}: {{W-|ktb|inke}}
* {{Z|ram}}: {{W-|ram|xwa}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಹಲ್ಲು|sc=Knda}}
* {{Z|kr}}: {{W-|kr|timí}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|ipan}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|тиш|tr=tiş|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|kaa}}: {{W-|kaa|tis}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|ząb}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dent|m}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|jã}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|kiru}}
*: {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|kilu}}
* {{Z|kjj}}: {{W-|kjj|цулоз}}
* {{Z|kjg}}: {{W-|kjg|ຫຣາງ}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|тиш|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|igego|c5}}
* {{Z|kqr}}: {{W-|kqr|nipon}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W+|si|දත|sc=Sinh}}
* {{Z|kla}}: {{W-|kla|dot}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|пинь}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|이}}, {{W+|ko|니}}, {{W+|ko|이빨}}, {{W+|ko|치아}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|dans}}
* {{Z|kpy}}: {{W-|kpy|вʼаннылӈын|tr=wannəlŋən|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|jct}}: {{W-|jct|чыш}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|тиш|tr=tiş|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|lbj}}: {{W-|lbj|སོ}}
* {{Z|lkt}}: {{W-|lkt|hi}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|dēns|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|zobs|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ແຂ້ວ}}, {{W-|lo|ທັນຕາ}}, {{W-|lo|ທົນ}}, {{W-|lo|ກາມ}} 
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|ǩibri}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|lǐno}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|dénte|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|dantis}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|dent|n}}
* {{Z|dtr}}: {{W-|dtr|nipon}}
* {{Z|lg}}: {{W-|lg|erinnyo}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|liliino}}
* {{Z|luo}}: {{W-|luo|lak}}
* {{Z|lut}}: {{W-|lut|dᶻədis}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|ngipen}}
* {{Z|mkz}}: {{W-|mkz|wasi}}
* {{Z|mak}}: {{W-|mak|gigi}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|заб|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പല്ല്}}, {{W+|ml|ദന്തം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|gigi}}, {{W-|ms|danta}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|sinna|m}}
* {{Z|mgm}}: {{W-|mgm|nifan}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡝ}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|onto}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|niho}}
* {{Z|arn}}: {{W-|arn|ülnga}}, {{W-|arn|voro}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|ngipen}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|दात|n}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|пӱй}}
* {{Z|vmb}}: {{W-|vmb|dirra}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|fog}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|კიბირი}}, {{W-|xmf|კჷბირი}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|nyipen}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|jbḥ|h=F18:Z1}}
* {{Z|min}}: {{W-|min|gigih}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|пей}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|шүд|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|wmw}}: {{W-|wmw|rino}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W+|nah|tlantli}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|хуктэ}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|dente|n}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|awooʼ}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|Tähn|n}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|दाँत}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|тис}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|tǫnn|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|tann|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|tann|m}}
* {{Z|nwy}}: {{W-|nwy|otosag}}
* {{Z|css}}: {{W-|css|sit}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|niibid}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|歯|tr=はー, hā}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|dent|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଦାନ୍ତ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W+|om|ilkaan}}
* {{Z|orh}}: {{W-|orh|iktə}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|дӕндаг|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|دیش|tr=diş}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|چىش|sc=ug-Arab}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|tish}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|djente}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|غاښ|n|tr=γāx|sc=ps-Arab}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|dent|n}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|kaṯiṯi}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Tän}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ząb|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|dente|n}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਦੰਦ}}, {{W-|pa|ਡੰਦ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|тіс|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rel}}: {{W-|rel|ilko}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|dat}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|dént|n}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|dand}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|dinte|n}}
* {{Z|drg}}: {{W-|drg|nipon}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|зуб|n}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|зуб|n}}
* {{Z|bsy}}: {{W-|bsy|nipon}}
* {{Z|ssy}}: {{W-|ssy|iko}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|pääni}}
*: {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|bátni}}
*: {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|pää´nn}}
*: {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|baenie}}
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|tand|n}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W+|sm|nifo}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|दन्त|n}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|dènte|m}}
* {{Z|sib}}: {{W-|sib|jipen}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|ngipon}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|denti|n}}
* {{Z|sid}}: {{W-|sid|hinko}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|tifi}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|зу̑б|n|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|zȗb|n}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠖꠣꠔ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|tuith}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|зѫбъ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|зꙋбъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|zub|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|zob|n}}
* {{Z|tuw-sol}}: {{W-|tuw-sol|iitt}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|ilig}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|zub|n}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|zub|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|diente|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|huntu}}, {{W+|su|waos}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|jino|y}}, {{W+|sw|meno|p}} 
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tand|g}}
* {{Z|xsr}}: {{W-|xsr|ས}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|тиш|tr=tiş|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tby}}: {{W-|tby|'ingiri}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|силиб}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дандон|sc=Cyrl}}
* Talysh:
*: {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|داندون|tr=dândun}}
* {{Z|mvv}}: {{W-|mvv|ripon}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|ngipin}}
* {{Z|ty}}: {{W-|ty|niho}}
* {{Z|kzt}}: {{W-|kzt|nipon}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|பல்|sc=Taml}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|dìnde}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|tiɣmest|m}}, {{W-|rif|aɣmuz|n}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|ipun}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ฟัน}}, {{W+|th|ทันต์}}, {{W+|th|กราม}} 
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పన్ను}}
* {{Z|tft}}: {{W-|tft|ingi}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|tiş}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|теш|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|nehan}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W+|ti|ስኒ}}
* {{Z|tih}}: {{W-|tih|ripon}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|diş}}, {{W-|ko|t-}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|diş}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སོ|sc=Tibt}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|tis}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|nifo}}
* {{Z|trw}}: {{W-|trw|دان}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|keme}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W-|tpn|ãîa}} 
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|диш|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|улух}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|пинь}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎌𐎐}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دانت|n|tr=dā̃t, dānt}}, {{W-|ur|دندان|n|tr=dandān}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|зуб|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|dénte|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|răng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|tut}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|ammõz}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|dint|m}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|ta-ngo}}
* {{Z|wbp}}: {{W-|wbp|kartirdi}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|dant}}
* {{Z|wym}}: {{W-|wym|con}}
* {{Z|win}}: {{W-|win|hiipe}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W+|wo|bëñ}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|тіс}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ធ្មេញ}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|izinyo|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|yxg}}: {{W-|yxg|deea}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|диндак}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|тиис|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|tun}}
* {{Z|tao}}: {{W-|tao|ngepen}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צאָן|n}}
* {{Z|ii}}: {{W-|ii|ꎐ}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ehín}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|keggun}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|δόντι|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ὀδούς|n}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|tand|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|heuj}}
* {{Z|zom}}: {{W-|zom|ha}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|izinyo|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|khi-kun}}: {{W-|khi-kun|tsau}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|ǁqhàã}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# ''[[form|Form]]a [[pirhejmar]] ya [[dema borî ya berdewam]] ya [[lêker]]a'' '''[[dan]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|Me gul av '''didan'''.|Me av dida gulan.|rêz=1}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|nedidan}}

==== Yekhejmar ====
* {{g|ku|dida}}

==== Têkilî ====
{{kol3|ku
|da
|dan
|didam
|didayî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[di-]] + [[-da-]] + [[-n]]</text>
      <sha1>pe312upzo2j66p3c7l5apizdwcz3gnm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>-î</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3186</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290862</id>
      <parentid>6249740</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Paşgir */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290862</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8467" sha1="2akqd6tzrxk9xtmoo55nf1s5402leqb" xml:space="preserve">{{binêre herwiha/i}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Paşgir ===
{{paşgir|ku}}
# [[paşgir|Paşgirek]] e pê [[navdêr]] ji [[rengdêr]]an tên çêkirin.
#: {{paşnim|ku|qenc|qencî}}
#: {{paşnim|ku|xirab|xirabî}}
#: {{paşnim|ku|sor|sorî}}
# Paşgirek e pê [[rengdêr]] ji [[navdêr]]an tên çêkirin.
#: {{paşnim|ku|av|avî}}
#: {{paşnim|ku|bajar|bajarî}}
#: {{paşnim|ku|zîv|zîvî}}
# Paşgirek e pê [[form]]ên [[tewandî]] yên [[navdêr]]ên [[zayendnêr]] ji formên wan yên netewandî tên çêkirin.
#: {{paşnim|ku|gund|gundî}}
#: {{nimûne|ku|Ez çûm nav gund'''î'''.}}
#: {{paşnim|ku|Hesen|Hesenî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hesen'''î''' av da me.}}
# Paşgira kesî li gel cînavê duyem yê yekhejmar (tu).
#: ''dibêj'''î''' (tu dibêjî), dixw'''î''' (tu dixwî)''
# Paşgira [[reh]]ê [[demên borî]] yê [[piranî|piraniya]] [[lêker]]ên [[negerguhêz]]:
#: ''-rizî-, -kelî-, -gerî-'' (bidin ber rehê [[demên neborî]] ''-riz-, -kel-, -ger-'')
# Paşgira [[reh]]ê [[demên borî]] yê hinek [[lêker]]ên [[gerguhêz]]:
#: ''-zanî, -birî- (-birrî-), -kirî- (-kirrî-)'' (bidin ber rehê [[demên neborî]] ''-zan-, -bir- (-birr-), -kir- (-kirr-)'')
# Paşgirek e pê navên [[ziman]]an ji navên [[gel]]an tên çêkirin.
#: ''kurd'''î''' (kurd+î),  ereb'''î''' (ereb+î),  îngilîz'''î''' (inglîz+î)''
# (ya/yê/yên) wê/wî:
#: ''ser'''î''''' (serê wê/wî), ''dest'''î''''' (destê wî/wê)
# {{f|ku|devokî}} paşgira kesî li gel cînavê duyem yê yekhejmar (ew)
#: ''ew dibêj'''î''''' (ew dibêje)

==== Têkildar ====
* [[-yî]] (piştî [[vokal]]an)
* [[-d]] (paşgira demên borî ya lêkerên [[gerguhêz]])

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
*{{ku-ar|ـی}}

==== Bide ber ====
* [[î]], [[î-]]

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* [[-a]], [[-e]], [[-ê]]
* [[-ya]], [[-ye]], [[-yê]], [[-yî]]

==== Jê ====
{{paşgirbibîne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
;1. Tu ... -î:
* Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*h₁ésti}} (ji {{q|ine-pro|*h₁es-}}), {{ji|ira-pro||-}} ''esî'', hevreha [[î]], [[yî]] û [[-yî]] yên kurmancî, {{q|fa|ـی‎|tr=-î}}, soranî {{q|ckb|ـی‎|tr=-î}}, pehlewî û partî ''-êh'', {{hv|hy|ես|tr=es}}, slaviya kevn {{q|cu|єси|tr=êsi}}, {{hv|la|es}} ({{hv|fr|es}}), {{hv|lt|esi}}... Herwiha [[-im]], [[-e]] û [[-in]] jî ji heman rehê {{q|ine-pro|*h₁es-}} yê {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} ne. Bo guherîna S bi H binêrin [[heft]] û bo ketina H ji dawiya peyvê bidin ber [[fireh]] / fire, kurmancî [[deh]] û soranî [[de]].

;2. çêkirina rengdêran ji navdêran:
* Ji {{ji|ira}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|ckb|ـی|tr=-î}}, {{hv|fa|ـی|tr=-î}}, pehlewî ''-îg'', belkî hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*-ikos}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|sa|कस|tr=-kas}}, slavoniya kevn {{q|cu|-ъkъ|tr=-iki}}, {{hv|la|-icus}}, îngilîziya kevn {{q|ang|-ig}}, {{hv|en|-y}}.

;3. paşgira çemandinê:
Hevreha {{q|ku|-ê}}, soranî {{q|ckb|ـی‎|tr=-î}}, {{q|fa|ـی‎|tr=-i}}, pehlewî ''-ê'', farisiya kevn ''-ehye'', avestayî ''-ehie'' ji {{ji|ira}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|Paşgira çêkirina navdêran ji rengdêran}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|-nis}}, {{W+|de|-heit}}, {{W+|de|-keit}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|-lik}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W-|my|-[[ခြင်း]]}}, {{W-|my|-မှု}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|-ost|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|性|cuda=-性|tr=xìng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|-hed}}, {{W+|da|-skab}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|ke- -an}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ـِيَّة}}, 
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|-ություն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|-eco}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|-semi|m|nt}}, {{W-|fo|-heit|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|-uus}}, {{W+|fi|-yys}}, {{W+|fi|-us}}, {{W+|fi|-ys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|-ité}}, {{W+|fr|-esse|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|-ens}}, {{W-|fy|-heid}}, {{W-|fy|-skip}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|-idade|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სი- -ე}}, {{W-|ka|-ობა}}, {{W-|ka|-ება}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|-ई|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|-heid}}, {{W+|nl|-schap}}, {{W+|nl|-nis}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|־ות|m|cuda=-ות}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|-eso}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|-nes}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|-ness}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|-itate}}, {{W-|ia|-tate}}, {{W-|ia|-ia}}, {{W-|ia|-essa}}, {{W-|ia|-itude}}, {{W-|ia|-ismo}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|-acht|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|-ità}}, {{W-|it|-ezza}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|さ|cuda=-さ|tr=-sa}}, {{W+|ja|性|cuda=-性|tr=-sei}}, 
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|-ssuseq}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|ㅁ}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|-tās|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|-ност|m}}, {{W-|mk|-ост|m}}, {{W-|mk|-ство|nt}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|ke- -an}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|-aght|m}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|-पणा|n|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|-ság}}/{{W+|hu|-ség}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|-naðr}}, {{W-|non|-skapr}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|-het}}, {{W+|no|-skap}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|ـلق|tr=-lık}}, {{W-|ota|ـلك|tr=-lik}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|-ość}}, {{W+|pl|-stwo}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|-idade|m}}, {{W+|pt|-eza|m}}, {{W+|pt|-ez|m}}, {{W-|pt|-idão|m}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|-ipen|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|-itate|m}}, {{W+|ro|-tate|m}}, {{W+|ro|-ătate|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|-ность}}, {{W+|ru|-ость}}, {{W-|ru|-ство}}, {{W-|ru|-щи́на|m}}
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|-nessi}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W-|sa|-ईय}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|-osť|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|-idad}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|u-}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|-het}}, {{W+|sv|-skap}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|ka- -an}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ความ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|-తనము|sc=Telu}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|-lık}}, {{W+|tr|-lik}}, {{W+|tr|-luk}}, {{W+|tr|-lük}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|-ість|m}}, {{W-|uk|-ство}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|sự}}, {{W+|vi|nỗi}}, {{W+|vi|niềm}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|-rwydd}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ភាព|sc=Khmr}}, {{W-|km|សេចក្តី|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|־ניש|nt}}, {{W-|yi|־קייט}}, {{W-|yi|־הייט}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|-ότητα}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|-ness|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82367631}}

{{werger-ser|Paşgira rengdêran ji navdêran}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|-ig}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|-osu|n}}, {{W-|ast|-osa|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|-inen}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|-oso|n}}, {{W+|gl|-osa|m}}, {{W+|gl|-ento}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|-ური}}, {{W-|ka|-ული}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|-ig}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|-y}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|-y}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|-ach}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|-oso}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|-質|tr=-しつ, -shitsu}}, {{W-|ja|-状|tr=-じょう, -jou}}, {{W+|ja|みたい|tr=mitai|cuda=-みたい}}, {{W+|ja|様|tr=ような, youna|cuda=-様な}}, {{W+|ja|有り||cuda=-有り|tr=-ari}}, {{W+|ja|付き||cuda=-付き|tr=-tsuki}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|-osus|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|-os}}, {{W+|hu|-as}}, {{W+|hu|-es}}, {{W+|hu|-ös}}, {{W+|hu|-s}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|-ig}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|-owy}}, {{W+|pl|-ny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|-oso}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|-os}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|-ий}}, {{W+|ru|-ый}}, {{W-|ru|-ивый}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W-|sa|-इक}}, {{W-|sa|-इन्}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|-iento|n}}, {{W+|es|-oso|n}}, {{W+|es|-iego|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|-ig}}, {{W+|sv|-aktig}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|ma-}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|-ஆன}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|-lı}}, {{W+|tr|-li}}, {{W+|tr|-lu}}, {{W+|tr|-lü}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|-ий}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|-y|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82448484}}

{{werger-ser|Paşgira kesê duyem yê yekhejmar li gel lêkeran}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|-st}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|-eš}}, {{W-|cs|-íš}}, {{W-|cs|-áš}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|-t}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|-es}} ; {{W+|fr|-is}} ; {{W+|fr|-s}} 
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|-t}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|-est}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|-air}}, {{W-|ga|-ir}}, {{W-|ga|-aír}}, {{W-|ga|-ír}} 
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|-i}} and {{m|it|-ere}} verbs and for those {{m|it|-ire}} verbs that don't take {{m|it|-isc-}}}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|-as}}, {{W-|la|-es}}, {{W-|la|-is}}, {{W-|la|-s}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W-|hu|-sz}}, {{W+|hu|-d}}, {{W+|hu|-l}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|-esz}}, {{W-|pl|-isz}}, {{W-|pl|-ysz}}, {{W-|pl|-asz}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|-as}}, {{W+|pt|-es}} 
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|-i}}, {{W-|ro|-ezi}}, {{W-|ro|-ești}} 
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|-ешь}}, {{W-|ru|-ёшь}}, {{W-|ru|-ишь}}, {{W-|ru|-ашь}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|-as}}, {{W+|es|-es}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|-est|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82486907}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Paşgir ===
{{paşgir|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[wî]] yan [[wê]]
#: {{mk|ckb|sc=Latn|gutî/wutî|wê/wî got|birêz=1|tr=-}}</text>
      <sha1>2akqd6tzrxk9xtmoo55nf1s5402leqb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>giran</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3296</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290863</id>
      <parentid>6281671</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290863</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15383" sha1="g27chvjm7xnkzbcnqvv8d92495glhb1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/gɪˈɾaːn/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-giran.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
** {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-giran.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|giran}}
[[Wêne:Adam and Eve on Tryfan - geograph.org.uk - 57522.jpg|thumb|250px|çend kevirên '''giran''']]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tiştê bo [[hilgirtin]]ê [[dijwar]], tiştê ji alî [[wezn]]a xwe ve [[mezin]]; ne [[sivik]], [[qurs]], [[bizehmet]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# Tiştê ji bo [[kirîn]]a wî [[gelek]] [[pare]] [[hewce]] ye; ne [[erzan]], 
#: {{hevmane|ku|bihadar|binirx|nirxbilind|bihagiran}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[giring|Giring]], [[manedar]], [[bitesîr]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# Tişte [[zor]] û [[zehmet]]; [[cidî]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) xûşka min a ezîz, qedera me gişkan di van rojên '''giran''' de mîna hev e...|''[[w:Dê û Dêmarî|Dê û Dêmarî]]'', [[w:Egîdê Xudo|Egîdê Xudo]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
# Yê zû hereket nake.
#: {{hevmane|ku|hêdî|yawaş}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Giran''' dilive.}}
# [[xwarin|Xwarin]]a [[zû]] di [[zik]]î de [[helîn|nahele]], [[dilgir]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Er'eran ta di şepal in wereqan cezbe ye vê ra&lt;/br&gt;Nêrgizan ser di '''giran''' in li binefşan xem û tab e&lt;/br&gt;Çîçekên qewsê qezeh reng-i hezar reng-i sema ye}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|gran
}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|گران}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|gir}}
* {{g|ku|giring}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|giran bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|giran kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|giranbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|girankirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|giranbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|girankirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|bi giranî&lt;q:hoker&gt;
|bihagiran
|bihagiranî
|giranbiha
|giranbihayî
|giranbûyî
|giranî
|girankirî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*gʷréh₂us}}, [[hevreh]]a [[gir]], [[gird]], [[giring]] û [[girs]] yên kurmancî, {{g|ckb|گران|tr=giran}} ya soranî û farisî, giran ya zazakî, ''geran'' ya pehlewî, ''gowro'' ya avestayî, ''gurû'' ya sanskrîtî, [[gravis]] ya latînî (&gt; [[grave]] û [[grief]] yên îngilîzî û fransî), [[βαρύς]] (barûs) ya yûnaniya kevn...

{{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *'''g&lt;sup&gt;w&lt;/sup&gt;ere'''- (&quot;giran&quot;)
:{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: '''gira-
::{{ae}}: '''gowro'''- (&quot;giran&quot;)
::{{pal}}: '''geran''' (&quot;giran&quot;)
::{{fa}}: '''giran''' (&quot;giran&quot;)
::{{kmr}}: '''giran''' (&quot;giran&quot;)
::{{ckb}}: '''giran''' (&quot;giran&quot;)
::{{hac}}: '''gur''' (&quot;giran&quot;)
::{{zza}}: '''giran'''
:{{sa}}: '''gurū''' (&quot;giran&quot;)
:{{el}}: '''barus''' (&quot;giran&quot;)
:{{la}}: '''gravis''' (&quot;giran&quot;) ...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|qurs, ne sivik}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахьанҭа}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|swaar}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|mabug-at}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|rëndë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|schwer}}
* {{Z|amu}}: {{W-|amu|ja}}
* {{Z|ani}}: {{W-|ani|гьокӏору}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|greu}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|গধুৰ}}, {{W-|as|ভাৰী}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|pesáu}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|бакӏаб}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ağır}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|astun}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ауыр}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ця́жкі́}}, {{W-|be|цяжкі́́}}, {{W-|be|ва́жкі}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|ভারী}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|magabat}}
* {{Z|mbb}}: {{W-|mbb|meveɣat}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|те́жък|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|လေး}}, {{W+|my|လေးလံ}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|хүндэ}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|pwawa}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|деза}}, {{W-|ce|еза}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|těžký}}
* {{Z|cdm}}: {{W-|cdm|लीःसा}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎦᎨᏓ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|重|tr=cung3}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|重|tr=zhòng}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|йывӑр}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|pesaint}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tung}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|berat}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ثَقِيل}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|تقيل|tr=ti'ʔīl}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|ثقيل|tr=tagīl, ṯagīl}}, {{W-|acw|تقيل|tr=tagīl}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|تْقيل|tr=tqil}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ծանր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|peza}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|raske}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|ургэ}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|ургэ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سنگین|tr=sangin}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|tungur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|painava}}, {{W+|fi|raskas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|lourd}}, {{W+|fr|pesant}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|grivi}}, {{W-|fur|pesant}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|swier}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|trom}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|aar}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|pesado}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|მძიმე}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|pohýi}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|lou}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|kaumaha}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|mabug-at}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|भारा}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|mabug-at}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|nyhav}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zwaar}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|כָּבֵד|tr=kavéd}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|grava}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|nadagas}}, {{W-|ilo|nadagsen}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|hefiġ}}, {{W-|ang|pīs}}, {{W-|ang|swǣr}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|hevy}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|heavy}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|деза}}, {{W-|inh|еза}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|trom}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|trom}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|pesante}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|þungur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|重い|tr=おもい, omoi}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|bot}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|abot}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|cãżczi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|feixuc}}, {{W+|ca|pesant}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|llasaq}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|оор}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|무겁다}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|pezgado}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|gravis}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|smags}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຫນັກ}}, {{W-|lo|ໜັກ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|sunkus}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|schwéier}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|тежок}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|mavesatra}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|berat}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡠᠵᡝᠨ}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|bugat}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|जड|tr=j̈aḍ}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|aal}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|nehéz}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|baat}}
* {{Z|min}}: {{W-|min|barek}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хүнд}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|хуйгэ}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|pesante}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|nisdaaz|tr=I am heavy}}, {{W-|nv|ndaaz|tr=it is heavy}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|b'sant}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|þungr}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|tung}}, {{W-|nb|vektig}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|tung}}, {{W-|nn|vektig}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|pesuc|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଭାରି}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|ulfaataa}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|уӕззау}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئېغىر}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|ogʻir}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|pisá}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|دروند|tr=drund}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|gravos}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|schwoa}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ciężki}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|pesado}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ауыр}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|pagaha'a}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|bór}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|grev}}, {{W-|rm|greiv}}, {{W-|rm|greav}}, {{W-|rm|pesant}}, {{W-|rm|pesont}}, {{W-|rm|pasànt}}, {{W-|rm|pasant}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|pharo}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|greu}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|тяжёлый}}, {{W-|ru|тя́жкий}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|тяжкый}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|गुरु}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱚᱡᱚᱨ}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|bug-at}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|pisanti}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|те́жак}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|téžak}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|ťažký}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|težek}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|culus}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|śěžki}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|pesado}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|abot}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|-zito}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tung}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|dziro|cuda=-dziro}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|аар|tr=aar}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вазнин}}, {{W-|tg|сангин}}, {{W+|tg|гарон}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|mabigat}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|pesande}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|mabugat}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หนัก}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|బరువైన}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|ağır}}, {{W-|crh|avur}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|авыр}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|todan}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ağır}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|agyr}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ལྗིད་པོ}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|аар}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بھاری|tr=bhārī}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|важки́й}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|pexante}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|nặng}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|pezant|n}}, {{W+|wa|ploncasse|n|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|trwm}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ធ្ងន់}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|ыарахан}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|βαρύς|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|βαρύς}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|zwaer}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|naek}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|heavy|oldid=75612710|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

{{werger-ser|ne erzan}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|duur}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|shtrenjtë}}, {{W+|sq|kushtueshëm}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|teuer}}
* {{Z|ams}}: {{W-|ams|たはさん|tr=tahasan}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ዉድ}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܝܲܩܘܼܪ ܛܝܼܡܹ̈ܐ|n}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|দামী}}, {{W-|as|মহঙা}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|caru}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|хирияб}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|bahalı}}, {{W+|az|baha}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ҡиммәт}}, {{W-|ba|ҡыйбат}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|дарагі́}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|ব্যয়বহুল}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|скъп}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ရှား}}, {{W+|my|ဈေးကြီး}}, {{W+|my|ကြေးကြီး}}, {{W+|my|အဖိုးကြီး}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|kajso'no tsakala}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|деза}}, {{W-|ce|еза}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|drahý}}, {{W+|cs|nákladný}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|dula|cuda=yodula}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|貴|tr=gwai3}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|гуй}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|貴|tr=guì}}, {{W+|cmn|昂貴|tr=ángguì}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|貴|tr=kùi}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|dyr}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|mahal}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|غَالٍ}}, {{W-|ar|الْغَالِي}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|غالي|tr=ḡāli}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|թանկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|multekosta}}, {{W-|eo|altepreza}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kallis}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گران|tr=gerân}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|dýrur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kallis}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cher}}, {{W+|fr|coûteux}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cjâr}}, {{W-|fur|čhâr}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cosgail}}, {{W-|gd|daor}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|caro}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|મોંઘું}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ძვირი}}, {{W-|ka|ძვირადღირებული}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|chè}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|महँगा}}, {{W+|hi|बहुमूल्य}}, {{W-|hi|क़ीमती}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|kim}}, {{W-|mww|tsis pheejyig}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|duur}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|יָקָר|tr=yaqar}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|chera}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|dīere}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|expensive}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|kallis}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|деза}}, {{W-|inh|еза}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|car}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|costasach}}, {{W-|ga|daor}}, {{W-|ga|costasúil}}, {{W-|ga|mórluachach}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|caro}}, {{W+|it|costoso}}, {{W+|it|dispendioso}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|dýr}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|高い|tr=たかい, takai}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|larang}}, {{W-|jv|awis}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|car}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|кымбат}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|ගණං}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|비싸다}}, {{W+|ko|비싼}}
* {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|ser}}
* {{Z|crs}}: {{W-|crs|ser}}
* {{Z|kri}}: {{W-|kri|dia}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|pretiōsus}}, {{W+|la|cārus}}, {{W-|la|impensus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|dārgs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ແພງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|brangus}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦶᦗᧂ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|deier}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|скап}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|ചെലവേറിയ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|mahal}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|għaljin}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|ard-leaghoil}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|maal}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|महाग}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|drága}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|үнэтэй}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|ílį́įnii}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|महँगो}}, {{W+|ne|बहुमुल्य}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|dyr}}, {{W-|no|kostbar}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|car}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|قىممەت}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qimmat}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|ګران|tr=grân}}, {{W-|ps|قيمته|tr=qimáta}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|dia}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|drogi}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|caro}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਮਹਿੰਗਾ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|қымбат}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|scump}}, {{W+|ro|costisitor}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|дорого́й}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|дорогы́й}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|बहुमूल्य}}, {{W+|sa|महार्घ}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|mahal}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|महांगो}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ску̑п}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|skȕp}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|драгъ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|drahý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|drag}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|qaali}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|drogi}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|drohi}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|caro}}, {{W+|es|costoso}}, {{W+|es|dispendioso}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|awis}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|gali}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|dyr}}, {{W+|sv|kostsam}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|ghali}}, {{W-|zdj|hali}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|гарон}}, {{W-|tg|қимат}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|mahal}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|விலையுயர்ந்த}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|mahalga}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|แพง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఖరీదైన}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|paalı}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|кыйбат}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ክቡር}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|pahalı}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|gymmat}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གྲོན་ཆེ}}, {{W-|bo|གྲོན་ཆེན}}, {{W-|bo|གུན་པོ}}, {{W-|bo|གུས་པོ}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|مہنگا|tr=mahãṅgā}}, {{W-|ur|قیمتی|tr=qīmatī}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|дороги́й}}, {{W-|uk|кошто́вний}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|caro}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đắt}}, {{W-|vi|đắt tiền}}, {{W+|vi|mắc}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|jerik}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|tchir}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|drud}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ថ្លៃ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|טייַער}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ακριβός}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πολυτελής}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|bengz}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|dula|cuda=-dula}}, {{W-|zu|biza|cuda=-biza}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|expensive|oldid=75404242|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|giran|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}, {{r-ya req}}
# [[emraz|Emraz]]ekî [[hesin]]î yê mîna çakûç e, aletekî hesinî ye ku dişibe çakûç, lê belê ji çakûç pir pir girtir û girantir e, doxa wî jî wek doxa bivir û tevr e. Girran, di [[şikandin]]a [[kevir]]an û [[kutan]]a tiştên [[hesin]]î de tê bikaranîn.
#* {{mk|ku|Hesinker, hesinên di kûreyan de nermkirî, didin ser sindanan û bi '''giranan''' dikutin û ji wan,  emrazên wek biviran, dasan û tevran çêdikin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|girran
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|balyoz}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|zza}}
# {{g|ku|giran}}
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}</text>
      <sha1>g27chvjm7xnkzbcnqvv8d92495glhb1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rast</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3430</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290864</id>
      <parentid>6261948</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290864</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11336" sha1="5rvinohaqan5cspps4whcwo4emrgcbt" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Rast}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-rast.wav|Deng|dever=Bidlîs}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-rast.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|rast}}
[[Wêne:Westminster_cavalry.jpg|thumb|Şûr di destê rastê yê siwarekî de. (4)]]
[[Wêne:HumanHand.JPG|thumb|Destekî '''rast'''. (4)]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{r-ya req}}, {{t-ya nerm}}
# [[bêxeletî]], [[bêşaşî]], [[bêkêmasî]], ne [[şaş]], ne [[çewt]], ne [[xelet]]
#: ''Bersiva te '''rast''' e.''
# ne [[derew]], ne [[virr]]:
#: ''Ew '''rast''' dibêje.''
# ne [[xwehr]], ne [[xwahr]]:
#: ''xeteke '''rast''', rêyeke '''rast''' ''
#: ''Ev darê di destê min de '''rast''' e.''
# [[rex]]ê [[dijber]]î rexê [[çep]]ê
#: ''destê '''rast''', aliyê '''rast''' ''
#: {{nm|ku|Ev tîr ber bi rexê rastê ve ye: →}}
# [[yekser]], [[rasterê]], [[dîrek]], [[dîrekt]]
#: ''Ez '''rast''' ji malê hatim dikanê.''
#: ''Hûn '''rast'''  bi 10a êvarê werin gundê me''
# [[destrast]], kesa/ê ji destê [[çep]]ê baştir bi destê rastê dikare [[xebitîn|bixebite]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[rastgir]], [[parêzyar]], [[burjuwa]], [[dijber]]ên [[sosyalîst]]an, [[dijber]]ên [[komunîst]]an
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[navrast]]

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕاست}}
* {{ku-kr|рʹаст}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Jêrî Ednan ta ji 'Ebdullah guhest&lt;/br&gt;Bîst û yek bab in, hemî '''rast''' û durust&lt;/br&gt;Hin yekî 'Ednan û Me'd û hem Nezar}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|çewt
|şaş
|xelet
|derew
|virr
|xwar
|çep
|çepgir
}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|rest}}
* {{g|ku|restî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rastandin
|rastandî
|rastbêj
|rastbêjî
|rasteqîne
|rastgo
|rastgotî
|rastgoyî
|rastî
|rastîn
|rastînî
|rast bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|rast kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|rast çûn
|rastbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|rastkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|rastçûn
|rastbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|rastkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: rast, [[ras]]
* {{Z|sdh}}: rast, [[ras]]
* {{Z|lki}}: rast
* {{Z|hac}}: {{W-|hac|ras}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W+|zza|raşt}}, rast

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|ڕاست‎|tr=rast}} û {{g|ckb|ڕاس|tr=ras}}, [[kurdiya başûrî]] ''[[ras]]'', lekî ''ras'', goranî/hewramî ''[[ras]]'', zazakî ''[[raşt]], rast'', belûçî/farisî/gîlekî/mazenderanî {{g|fa|راست|tr=rast}}, tacikî [[рост]] (rost), pehlewî [[𐫡𐫀𐫘𐫤‎]] (rast) û [[𐫡𐫀𐫘𐫎]]‎ (rasṯ), partî [[𐫡𐫀𐫢𐫤‎]] (raşt), ‎ osetî [[раст]] (rast), sogdî [[𐽀𐽁𐽂]]‎ (ršt) û [[ܪܫܬܝ]]‎ (ršty), peştûyî {{g|ps|رشتيا‎|tr=rištyā́}}, avestayî [[𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀‎]] (rašta, /reşte/)... {{hv|grc|ὀρεκτός}} (orektós), latînî ''[[rēctus]]'', spanî ''[[recto]]'', îtalî ''[[retto]], [[ritto]]'', portugalî ''[[reto]]''... inglîziya kevn ''[[riht]], [[reht]], [[reoht]]'', inglîziya niha ''[[right]]'' (/rayt/), almanî û holandî ''[[recht]]'', danmarkî ''[[ret]]'', norwecî ''[[rett]]'', swêdî ''[[rätt]]''... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} {{recons|ine-pro|h₃reǵtós}}

Peyv ji zimanên îranî ketiye hinek zimanên [[tirkîkî]], bo nimûne: azerî û tirkî ''[[rast#Tirkî|rast]]'', ozbekî ''[[rost]]'', kirgîzî [[ырас]] (ıras). Peyv herwiha ketibû elamî jî wek [[𒊏𒍩𒆪]] (ra-áš-da) û [[𒊏𒆜𒆪]] (ra-iš-da).

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Chyet}}
* {{Horn}}
* {{Ringe}}
* {{Seebold}}
* {{The Tower of Babel}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
* {{Watkins}}
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|ne şaş, ne çewt, ne xelet}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|korrekt}}, {{W+|de|richtig}}, {{W+|de|einwandfrei}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|শুধ|tr=xudho}}, {{W-|as|শুদ্ধ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|correutu}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ピㇼカ|tr=pirka}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|doğru}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|дөрөҫ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|праві́льны|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|reizh}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ве́рен|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|bg|пра́вилен|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|မှန်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|nanatolo}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|správný|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏚᏳᎪᏛᎢ|tr=duyukdvi}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|cmn|正確|sc=Hani}}, {{W+|cmn|正确|tr=zhèngquè|sc=Hani}}, {{W+|cmn|對|sc=Hani}}, {{W+|cmn|对|tr=duì|sc=Hani}}, {{W-|cdo|正確|sc=Hani}}, {{W-|cdo|正确|tr=ciáng-káuk|sc=Hani}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|korrekt}}, {{W+|da|rigtig}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|tepat}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|صَحِيح|n}}, {{W-|ar|صَوَاب|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ճիշտ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ĝusta}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|ro|corect}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|õige}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|درست|tr=dorost|sc=fa-Arab}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|rættur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|oikea}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|correct}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|correcto}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სწორი}}, {{W-|ka|უშეცდომო}}, {{W-|ka|ზუსტი}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|pololei}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सही|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|ठीक|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|correct}}, {{W+|nl|juist}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|נָכוֹן|m|tr=nakhon}}, {{W-|he|נְכוֹנָה|f|tr=nekhona}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|riht}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|correct}}, {{W+|en|right}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|corretto|n}}, {{W+|it|esatto}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|rétt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|正しい|tr=ただしい, tadashíi}}, {{W+|ja|正解|tr=せいかい, seikai}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|correcte}}, {{W+|ca|condret}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|chanin}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|туура|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|ky|түз|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|ky|дурус|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|옳다}}, {{W+|ko|맞다}}, {{W+|ko|바르다}}, {{W+|ko|정확하다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|correctus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|pareizs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ແກ້}}, {{W-|lo|ຖືກ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|teisingas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|правилен|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|mk|верен|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|benar}}, {{W+|ms|betul}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|tika}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hibátlan}}, {{W+|hu|helyes}}
* {{Z|mvi}}: {{W-|mvi|マツム|tr=matumu}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|riktig}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|corrècte}}, {{W+|oc|condrech}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|toʻgʻri}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|prawidłowy|n}}, {{W+|pl|właściwy|n}}, {{W+|pl|poprawny|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|correto}}, {{W+|pt|certo|f}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|дұрыс|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|titika}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пра́вильный|n}}, {{W+|ru|ве́рный}}, {{W+|ru|корре́ктный}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|исправан}} / {{W+|sh|ispravan}}
* {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܬܪܨ|tr=traṣ|sc=Syrc}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|správny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|pravilen}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|correcto}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|leres}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|korrekt}}, {{W+|sv|riktig}}, {{W+|sv|rätt}}, {{W+|sv|felfri}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дуруст|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|tama}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ถูก}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|doğru}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|dogry}}, {{W-|tk|dürs}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|صحیح|tr=sahīh|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W+|ur|ٹھیک|tr=ṭhīk|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|пра́вильний|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đúng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|verätik}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cywir}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ត្រឹមត្រូវ|tr=trəm trəv|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ריכטיק}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σωστός}}
:* {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ὀρθός}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|juust}}, {{W-|zea|sjuust}}, {{W-|zea|goed}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|dijmaneya çepê}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|djathtë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|direkt}}, {{W+|de|rechts}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|десен}}, {{W+|bg|дясна}}, [[дясно]] (desen, {{W-|bg|djasna}}, djasno) ''m/f/n''
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|pravý}}, {{W-|cs|pravá}}, {{W-|cs|pravé}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|右|tr=yòu}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|højre}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kanan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|يَمِين|tr=yemîn}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|dekstra}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|parem}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|oikea}}, {{W+|fi|oikeanpuoleinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|droit}} {{n}}, {{W+|fr|droite}} {{m}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|akatúvape}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|rechts}}, {{W+|nl|rechtse}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|ימין|tr=yemîn}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|dextra}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|right}} (not [[left]])
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|deas}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|destro}} {{n}}, {{W+|it|destra}} {{m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hægri}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|右|tr=[[みぎ]], migí}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dret}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|오른|tr=oreun}}, [[바른]] (bareun)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|dexter}} {{n}}, {{W-|la|dextra}} {{m}}, {{W-|la|dextrum}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|jobb}}
* {{Z|mic}}: {{W-|mic|badadujk}}
* [[ojibweyî]]: [[gichinik]]
* [[pitjantjatjarayî]]: [[waku]]
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|prawy}} {{n}}, {{W-|pl|prawa}} {{m}}, {{W-|pl|prawe}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|direito}} {{n}}, {{W+|pt|direita}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|drept}}, {{W+|ro|dreapta}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|правый}}, {{W+|ru|правая}}, [[правое]] (právyj, {{W-|ru|právaja}}, právoje) ''m/f/n''
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|desni}}
* [[lakotayî]]: [[isloyatan]]
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|desni}} {{n}}, {{W-|sl|desna}} {{m}}, {{W-|sl|desno}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|derecho}} {{n}}, {{W+|es|derecha}} {{m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|höger}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ขวา|tr=khwáá}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|కుడి|tr=kuDi}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sağ}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thẳng|tr=straight}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|δεξιός|tr=deksiós}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|ne xwehr, ne çemandî}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|direkt}}, {{W+|de|gerade}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|прав|tr=prav}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ret}}, {{W+|da|lige}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|lurus}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مباشرة}}, {{W-|ar|مستقيم}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|rekta}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|otse}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|بی اشتباه}}, {{W-|fa|بی خطا}}, {{W+|fa|درست}}, {{W+|fa|راست}}, {{W+|fa|صحیح}}, {{W+|fa|حقیقت}}, {{W+|fa|میدان}}, {{W+|fa|صحیح|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|suora}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|droit}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|recht}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|straight}}, {{W+|en|right}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|diritto}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|beint}} {{nt}}, {{W+|is|beinn}} {{n}}, {{W+|is|bein}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|まっすぐ|tr=massúgu}}
* {{ko}} : [[곧다]] (godda, {{W-|ko|got-)}}, [[바르다]] (bareuda)
* {{g|ku|ojibweyî]]: [[gwayak}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|egyenes}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|direito}}, {{W+|pt|reto}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|прямой|tr=prjamój}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|derecho}}, {{W+|es|recto}}, {{W+|es|justo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rak}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|rost}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ดิ่ว|tr=diù}}, [[ตรง]] (dtrohng)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|düz}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|zza}}
# {{g|ku|rast|tr=-}}
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|zza|raşt}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv}}
# [[bênvedan]], [[vehesîn]], [[istirehet]], [[pişû]]
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|tr}}
# {{g|ku|rast}}
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[tûş]], [[leqayî]], [[liqa]], [[tesadûf]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# {{g|ku|rast}}
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>5rvinohaqan5cspps4whcwo4emrgcbt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hoz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3493</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290865</id>
      <parentid>6211915</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290865</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6275" sha1="fuq90v3d45jmqpxu7b1nm99n66490mq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hoz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[yekîtî|Yekîtiya]] [[kom]]ek [[babik]] û [[binemal]]ên mirovên hev.
#: {{hevmane|ku|eşîr|êl|qebîle|koz|kom}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hoza''' Berwariyan ji gelek serok û hozanan pêk dihat.}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|axa
|babik
|binemal
|dewlet
|gel
|malbat
|milet
|netewe
}}

==== Jê ====
* ''(Navdêr)'' [[hozbirin]]
* [[hozî]]
* [[hozîtî]]
* [[serekhoz]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
An hevreha {{q|ku|hêz}}, an dibe ku peywendî {{hv|ine-pro|*sekʷ-|w=şopandin}} &gt; *sékʷ-h₂-ō ~ *sékʷ-h₂-y-os, hevzaya {{hv|iir-pro|*sákʰā|w=heval, hogir}}, {{hv|ae|𐬵𐬀𐬑𐬁𐬌𐬌}}, {{hv|peo|tr=*haxā}}. Bo guherrîna watekê bide ber {{hv|la|socius|w=êl û eşîrên xweser ên li giravistanika îtalî; civak, kom}} ku ji heman reha hindûewropî tê.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|fis|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Stamm|n}}, {{W+|de|Volksstamm|n}}, {{W+|de|Sippe|m}}, {{W+|de|Volk|nt}}, {{W+|de|Völkchen|nt}}, {{W-|de|Völklein|nt}}, {{W+|de|Sippschaft|m}}, {{W+|de|Tribus|m}}, {{W+|de|Völkerschaft|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|tribu|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|qəbilə}}, {{W-|az|tayfa}}, {{W-|az|qövm}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ҡәбилә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пле́мя|nt}}, {{W-|be|род|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|উপজাতি}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|пле́ме|nt}}, {{W+|bg|род|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အမျိုးအနွယ်}}, {{W+|my|အမျိုးဇာတ်}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|тукхам}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kmen|n}}, {{W+|cs|rod|n}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|okloshi'}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|部落|tr=bùluò}}, {{W+|cmn|部族|tr=bùzú}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|stamme|g}}, {{W-|da|folkestamme|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|suku}}, {{W-|id|[[suku]] [[bangsa]]}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|قَبِيلَة|m}}, {{W+|ar|عَشِيرَة|m}}, {{W+|ar|قَوْم|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|قوم|n|tr=ʔōm}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|قَبِيلَة|m||tr=gabīla}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ցեղ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|tribo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|hõim}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|buuri}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|قَبیلِه|tr=qabile}}, {{W-|fa|عَشیرِه|tr='ašire}}, {{W+|fa|زَند|tr=zand}}, {{W-|fa|قُوم|tr=qowm}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|ættarbólkur|n}}, {{W-|fo|ættargrein|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|heimo}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|tribu|m}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Stamme|p}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cinneadh|n}}, {{W-|gd|seòrsa|n}}, {{W-|gd|sliochd|n}}, {{W-|gd|treubh|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|tribo|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ტომი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|जनजाति|m}}, {{W-|hi|क़बीला|n}}, {{W-|hi|क़ौम|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|stam|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|שֵׁבֶט|n|tr=shévet}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|tribuo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|þēod|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|tribe}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|тукхам}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|tribo}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|treibh|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tribù|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|ættkvísl|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|部族|tr=ぶぞく, buzoku}}, {{W+|ja|民族|tr=みんぞく, minzoku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|tribu|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|уруу}}, {{W+|ky|тукум}}, {{W+|ky|эл}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|겨레}}, {{W+|ko|부족}}, {{W+|ko|민족}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|эл}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|patauta}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|tribus|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|cilts|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ຊົນເຜົ່າ}}, {{W-|lo|ເຜົ່າ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|gentis|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|племе|nt}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|suku}}, {{W-|ms|puak}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠠᡳᠮᠠᠨ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠠᡳᠮᠠᠨ ᡥᠣᡴᡳ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|iwi}}, {{W-|mi|mātāwaka}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|törzs}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|wḥyt|h=w-H-i-i-t-A1*B1:Z2|m}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|овог}}, {{W+|mn|аймаг}}
* {{Z|mos}}: {{W-|mos|buudu}}
* {{Z|niq}}: {{W-|niq|em}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|stamme|n}}, {{W-|nb|folkestamme|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|stamme|n|m}}, {{W-|nn|folkestamme|n|m}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|tribú}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|قوۋم}}, {{W-|ug|قەبىلە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qabila}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|plemię|nt}}, {{W+|pl|ród|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|tribo|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|тайпа}}, {{W-|kk|ұлыс}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|trib|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|пле́мя|nt}}, {{W+|ru|род|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|пле̏ме|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|plȅme|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|kmeň|n}}, {{W+|sk|rod|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pleme|nt}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|qabiil}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|tribu|m}}
* {{Z|xsv}}: {{W-|xsv|gintu}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kabila}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|stam|g}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|kaɓila|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|қабила}}, {{W-|tg|қавм}}, {{W-|tg|ашира}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|tribo}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เผ่า}}, {{W+|th|ตระกูล}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|తెగ}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|qabile}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|кабилә}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|boy}}, {{W+|tr|kabile}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|taýpa}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སྡེ་རིགས}}
* {{Z|tli}}: {{W-|tli|ḵwáan}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|قَبِیلہ|n|tr=qabīla}}, {{W-|ur|قَوْم|m|tr=qaum}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|пле́м'я|nt}}, {{W-|uk|рід|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bộ lạc}}, {{W+|vi|bộ tộc}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|tribüt}}, {{W-|vo|tribütil}}, {{W-|vo|pöpatribüt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|llwyth|n}}, {{W+|cy|llwythau|n-p}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|កុលសម័្ពន្ធ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שבֿט|n|tr=sheyvet}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φύλο|nt}}, {{W+|el|φυλή|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|φυλή|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|tribe|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75821660}}

== {{ziman|hu}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|hu}}
# {{g|ku|anîn}}, {{g|ku|înan}}
#* {{bêmînak|hu}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|hu|anîn}}

== {{ziman|es}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-hoz.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|es|z=m}}

# [[şalok]]
#* {{bêmînak|es}}

== {{ziman|za}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|za}}
# {{f|za|anatomî}} {{g|ku|stû}}
#* {{bêmînak|za}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|za|stû}}</text>
      <sha1>fuq90v3d45jmqpxu7b1nm99n66490mq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>am</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3647</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290866</id>
      <parentid>6263034</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Formeke lêkerê */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290866</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5735" sha1="se63my5rj2dquofkli41qlteeoszi16" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|navz}} ==

=== Sembol ===
{{sembol|navz}}
# {{f|navz|metrolojî}} ''Sembola'' '''[[attometre]]yê''': 1 am = 10&lt;sup&gt;-18&lt;/sup&gt; m.

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-am.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}
# [[hemû]], [[giş]], [[tev]]

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Qewsê du hilalan ko li ser Bircê-esed bit&lt;/br&gt;Bû şuhre di ''''amê''' 'emel enguşt-i numa girt&lt;/br&gt;Şi'ra te Mela sihr-i şekerrîz e bi mu'ciz}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [['am]]

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|عام}}

==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* [[amiyane]]
* [[amiyen]]
* [[amî]]
* [[amîtî]]
* [[ewam]]
* [[umûm]]
* [[umûmî]]
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|عامة}} ('amme&lt;sup&gt;t&lt;/sup&gt;: [[xelk]], [[gel]], [[girse]]), [[hevreh]]a aramî [[ܥܡܐ]] / [[עמא]] ('emma: [[hoz]], [[eşîr]], [[xizm]], [[mirov]]ên kesekî), îbrî [[עם]] ('am: [[gel]], [[milet]], [[qewm]]), fenîkî '''-m''. Ji eynî rehî: [[ewam]], [[umûmî]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|universal}}, {{W+|en|cratch|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kamu|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|malbat}} [[mam]], [[ap]], [[bira]]yê [[bav]]ê kesekî

==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* [[amoza]]
* [[amojin]]
* [[jinam]]
* [[keçam]]
* [[kuram]]
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{stûn|
* [[met]]
* [[xal]]
* [[xalet]]
* [[xaltî]]
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|عم|tr='emm}}, [[hevreh]]a aramî û îbrî [[עם]] ('emm: xizm, mirovê kesekî, binere &quot;am&quot; 1 li jor). Bo guherîne dengê &quot;'e-&quot; ([[eyn]] + [[e]]) bi &quot;a&quot; di kurdî de bide ber &quot;[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]&quot;. Ji eynî rehî ihtimalen &quot;[[mam]]&quot; û belkî &quot;[[ap]]&quot; jî.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|oom}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|dajë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Onkel|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|strýc}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|farbror}}, {{W+|da|onkel}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المولى|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|صنوان|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|onklo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|عمو}}, {{W+|fa|عمه|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|faðirbróðir}}, {{W-|fo|móðurbróðir}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|setä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|oncle}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|omke}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|opa}}, {{W+|nl|oom}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|fædera}}
* {{Z|en}}: (paternal) {{W+|en|uncle}}, {{W+|en|nuncle|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|paternal uncle|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|great uncle|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|zio}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|föðurbróðir}}, {{W+|is|móðurbróðir}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|oncle}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|patruus}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|nagybácsi}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|onkel}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|omo}}, {{W-|pap|tío}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|stryj}}, {{W+|pl|wujek}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|tio}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|дядя}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|omu}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|tío}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|baba mdogo}}, {{W+|sw|mjomba}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|farbror}}, {{W+|sv|onkel}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|mamu}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|amca}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|umalume}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|de}} ==

=== Kurtenav ===
{{kurtenav|de}}
# {{kurtkirin|de|[[an]] [[dem]]}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# {{mijar|az|anatomî}} {{g|ku|quz}}, {{g|ku|vajîna}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|quz}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-am.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-am.wav|Deng}}
* {{deng|en|Marsha, I am in the kitchen!.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Lyokoï-am.wav|Deng|dever=Lyon, Fransa}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-am.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|en|form=erê}}
# (ez) ... im, (ez) ... me
#: {{nm|en|I '''am''' a Kurd.|Ez kurd im.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|en|I '''am''' not American.|Ez ne emerîkî me.|rêz=1}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji lêkera {{q|en|be}}.

=== Hoker ===
{{en-hoker|-}}
# {{awayekî din|en|a.m.}}

== {{ziman|kwl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|kwl}}
# {{mijar|kwl|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|kwl|av/Werger1}}

== {{ziman|ms}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|ms|LL-Q9237 (msa)-Hakimi97-am.wav|Deng|dever=Shah Alam, Malezya}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ms}}
# {{g|ku|giştî}}, {{g|ku|tevî}}, {{g|ku|amî}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ms|giştî}}

== {{ziman|yua}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|yua}}
# {{mijar|yua|heywan}} {{g|ku|tevnpîrk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|yua|tevnpîrk}}

== {{ziman|sur}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sur}}
# {{mijar|sur|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sur|av/Werger2}}

== {{ziman|anc}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|anc}}
# {{mijar|anc|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|anc|av/Werger2}}

== {{ziman|pip}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pip}}
# {{mijar|pip|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pip|av/Werger2}}

== {{ziman|tan}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tan}}
# {{mijar|tan|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tan|av/Werger3}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-am.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# {{f|tr|argo|anatomî}}  [[quz]], [[vajîna]], &lt;br&gt;[[organ]]ê [[zayendî]] yê [[jin]]an û [[candar]]ên din yên [[mê]]

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{mijar|tk|anatomî}} {{g|ku|quz}}, {{g|ku|vajîna}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|quz}}

== {{ziman|aml}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|aml}}
# {{mijar|aml|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|aml|av/Werger3}}</text>
      <sha1>se63my5rj2dquofkli41qlteeoszi16</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>amo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3750</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290867</id>
      <parentid>6099533</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290867</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1554" sha1="4l7s0hrsgrxmlt31awufmsfzqbblvir" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# ''[[forma bangkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[am]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Amo''', tu çawan î?}}
# ''[[forma şirînkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[am]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Amo''' dê çîrokekê ji me re bibêje.}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[apo]]
* [[mamo]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[xalo]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|am|-o|cuda2=o}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|عمو}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|bcl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|bcl}}
# {{mijar|bcl|heywan}} {{g|ku|meymûn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|bcl|meymûn}}

== {{ziman|eo}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|eo|LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-amo.wav|Deng|dever=Wijchen, Holenda}}
* {{deng|eo|LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-amo.wav|Deng|dever=Toulouse, Fransa}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{eo-tewîn-nav}}
{{navdêr|eo}}
# [[evîn]], [[hez]]kirin, [[viyan]]

==== Têkildar ====
* [[ama]]
* [[ami]]

==== Jê ====
* [[malamo]]

== {{ziman|io}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|io}}
# {{g|ku|evîn}}, {{g|ku|eşq}}

== {{ziman|la}} ==

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|la|form=erê}}
# {{la-dema-niha|amare|yekem|yekjimar}}

== {{ziman|tsu}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tsu}}
# {{f|tsu|malbat}} [[bav#ku|bav]], [[bab#ku|bab]]

== {{ziman|ceb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ceb}}
# {{mijar|ceb|heywan}} {{g|ku|meymûn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ceb|meymûn}}

== {{ziman|mdh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|mdh}}
# {{mijar|mdh|heywan}} {{g|ku|meymûn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|mdh|meymûn}}</text>
      <sha1>4l7s0hrsgrxmlt31awufmsfzqbblvir</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>apo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3751</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290868</id>
      <parentid>6099544</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290868</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1092" sha1="bsu1gojaas3fbrphc1vigs0xl5jks19" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# ''[[forma bangkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[ap]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Apo''', tu çawan î?}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# ''[[forma şirînkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[ap]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Apo''' dê çîrokekê ji me re bibêje.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bernav]]ê [[serok]]ê [[PKK]]ê Abdullah Öcalanî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[amo]]
* [[mamo]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[xalo]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ap|-o|cuda2=o}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}:{{W-|fa|ای عمو}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|sq}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|sq}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]
#* {{bêmînak|sq}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Pêşgir ===
{{pêşgir|en}}
# pêşgir e ko dor e&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# [[apo]]

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|tl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tl}}
# {{f|tl|malbat}} {{g|ku|bapîr}}, {{g|ku|kalik}}
#* {{bêmînak|tl}}</text>
      <sha1>bsu1gojaas3fbrphc1vigs0xl5jks19</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290896</id>
      <parentid>6290868</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Navdêr */</comment>
      <origin>6290896</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1124" sha1="p5iseow8c2ba7zwxlw6n7scxms7q2oo" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# ''[[forma şirînkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[ap]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Apo''' dê çîrokekê ji me re bibêje.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bernav]]ê [[serok]]ê [[PKK]]ê Abdullah Öcalanî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[amo]]
* [[mamo]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[xalo]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ap|-o|cuda2=o}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}:{{W-|fa|ای عمو}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{navdêr|ku|form=erê}}
# ''[[forma bangkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[ap]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Apo''', tu çawan î?}}

== {{ziman|sq}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|sq}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]
#* {{bêmînak|sq}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Pêşgir ===
{{pêşgir|en}}
# pêşgir e ko dor e&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# [[apo]]

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|tl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tl}}
# {{f|tl|malbat}} {{g|ku|bapîr}}, {{g|ku|kalik}}
#* {{bêmînak|tl}}</text>
      <sha1>p5iseow8c2ba7zwxlw6n7scxms7q2oo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290901</id>
      <parentid>6290896</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/*  */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re</comment>
      <origin>6290901</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1116" sha1="ltssyrshw97xfffz7hgav3i0afuytti" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# ''[[forma şirînkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[ap]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Apo''' dê çîrokekê ji me re bibêje.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bernav]]ê [[serok]]ê [[PKK]]ê Abdullah Öcalanî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[amo]]
* [[mamo]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[xalo]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ap|-o}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}:{{W-|fa|ای عمو}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{navdêr|ku|form=erê}}
# ''[[forma bangkirinê]] ye ji peyva'' '''[[ap]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Apo''', tu çawan î?}}

== {{ziman|sq}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|sq}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]
#* {{bêmînak|sq}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Pêşgir ===
{{pêşgir|en}}
# pêşgir e ko dor e&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# [[apo]]

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|tl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tl}}
# {{f|tl|malbat}} {{g|ku|bapîr}}, {{g|ku|kalik}}
#* {{bêmînak|tl}}</text>
      <sha1>ltssyrshw97xfffz7hgav3i0afuytti</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ciwan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3762</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290869</id>
      <parentid>6262077</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290869</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10724" sha1="m7erm2ulcw072tc8slyndxkzxkcaqci" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Ciwan}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-ciwan.wav|Deng|Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|ciwan}}
[[Wêne:World Sports Festival 2011 Winning Ceremony.jpg|thumb|Hin keçên '''ciwan''' anku ne zarok û ne pîr (1)]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[xort]], [[genc]], &lt;br&gt;[[keç]] û [[kur]]ên ku êdî ne [[zarok]] in lê [[hê]] nebûne [[jin]] an [[mêr]], &lt;br&gt;[[mirov]]ên ku hê [[pîr]] nebûne:
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=شَهْزَادَهْ‌یَا گُلگُونْ قَبَا&lt;/br&gt;اِیرُو مَجَالْ لِی هَاتُ و وَخْت&lt;/br&gt;دِیسَا '''جُوَانْ''' بُو مِنْ دِ رَخْتْ|tr=Şehzadeya gulgûn qeba&lt;/br&gt;Îro mecal lê hat u wext&lt;/br&gt;Dîsa '''cuwan''' bû min di rext}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji ber derdê me kurdan, bi şev û roj dinalim... &lt;br&gt;[[şaşik|Şaşa]] xwe ku ez deynim, '''ciwan''' im; ez ne [[kal]] im.&lt;br&gt;Milet îro ranabe, bi tenê bêmecal im, &lt;br&gt;Tu li emrê’m dipirsî; ez hê sih kêm du sal im.&lt;br&gt; Şûr û [[gurz]]an hildidim; ez Rostem kurê Zal im...|Cegerxwîn: ''Ji Qedrî Can re''}}
# [[spehî]], [[delal]], [[bedew]], [[rind]], [[xweşik]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جوان}}
* {{ku-kr|щьԝан}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|can&lt;pos:2&gt;
|cuwan
|cwan
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ciwanane
|ciwanî
|ciwanîtî
|ciwantî
|camêr
|ciwamêr
|ciwanmêr
|ciwan kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|ciwan bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|ciwankirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|ciwanbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|جوان|tr=ciwan}}, hewramî û zazakî ''ciwan'', belûçî {{g|fa|جوان|tr=cewan}}, farisî {{g|fa|جوان|tr=cevan}}, tacikî [[ҷавон]] (cavon), pehlewî [[𐫋𐫇𐫀𐫗‎]] (cwʾn), peştûyî {{g|ps|ځوان‎|tr=źwā́n, źëwā́n}}, partî [[𐫏𐫇𐫀𐫗‎]] (ywʾn /yuwan/), avestayî [[𐬫𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥]]‎ (yauuan, /yewen/) û [[𐬫𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥]]‎ (yuuan, /yuven/) [[𐬫𐬏𐬥]]‎ (yūn, /yûn/)... sanskrîtî [[युवन्]] (yúvan)... latviyayî ''[[jaûns]]'', lîtwanî ''[[jáunas]]''... rusî [[ю́ный]] (yúniy), slovakî ''[[junák]]'', çekî ''[[jonák]]''... latînî ''[[iuvenis]]'', fransî ''[[jeune]]'', îtalî ''[[giovine]] / [[giovane]]'', portugalî ''[[jovem]]'', spanî ''[[joven]]''... îngilîzî ''[[young]]'', almanî ''[[jung]]'', holendî ''[[jong]]'', danmarkî/norwecî/swêdî ''[[ung]]''... bretonî ''[[yowank]]''... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} {{recons|ine-pro|h₂yéwHō}}.

Bo guherîna Y-ya kevn bi C bidin ber: ''[[cejn]], [[cade]], [[cihû]]...''

Di hemû zimanên din de peyva bi wateya ''[[xort]], [[genc]]'' e, tenê li hinek deverên kurmancî û soranî (bi taybetî li [[Başûrê Kurdistanê]]) bi wateya &quot;[[spehî]], [[rind]], [[xweşik]], [[bedew]]&quot; e.

Peyva îranî ketiye wek [[յաւանակ]] (yawanak) û [[յովանակ]] (yovanak) ketibû ermenî. Peyv ji zimanên îranî wek [[जवान]] / {{g|ur|جوان‎|tr=cevan}} ketiye hindî û ûrdûyî.

Peyv bi forma xwe ya fransî wek ''[[jon-]]'' ketiye kurdî û tirkî jî, bi taybetî di peyva ''[[jontirk]]'' de.

Ji heman rehî herwiha: ''[[can]] (2), [[canîk]], [[cane-]] / [[cone-]] ([[canega]], [[conega]]).

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Beekes}}
* {{Chyet}}
* {{Horn}}
* {{MacKenzie-2}}
* {{Pokorny}}
* {{The Tower of Babel}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
* {{Watkins}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: ciwan
* {{Z|sdh}}: ciwan, cuwan
* {{Z|hac}}: ciwan, ciwane
* {{Z|zza}}: ciwan

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|xort, genc (1)}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|jonk}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|jung}}, {{W+|de|jugendlich}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|йәш}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|yaouank}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|mladý}} {{m}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|年轻|tr=niánqīng}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|çамрăк}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ung}}, {{W+|da|smuk}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|muda}}, {{W+|id|pemuda}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|شاب|tr=şab}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|juna}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جوان|tr=cevan}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جوان|tr=javân}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|ungur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|nuori}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|jeune}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|òg}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|genç}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ახალგაზრდა|R=axalgazrda}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|jong}}, {{W+|nl|jeugdig}}, {{W+|nl|pril}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|צעיר}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|צעיר|cuda=צָעִיר}} {{m}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|-yun-}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|geong}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|young}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|juvenes}}, {{W-|ia|juvene}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|óg}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|giovane}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|ungur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|若い|tr=wakai}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|джаш}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|jove}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жаш}}
* {{Z|kg}}: {{W-|kg|toko}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|젊다|tr=jeomda}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|yowynk}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|ghjovanu|m}}, {{W-|co|ghjovana|f}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|яш}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|jauns}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|jaunas}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|muda}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|fiatal}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|залуу}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|яс}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ung}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|joen}}, {{W+|oc|jove}}, {{W+|oc|joine}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|yòn}}, {{W-|pap|hoben}}
* {{Z|pcd}}: {{W-|pcd|jònne}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|młody}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|jovem}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|жас|tr=jas}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|tînăr}}, {{W+|ro|june}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|молодой}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|nuorra}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|yongu}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|mlad}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|mlad}}
* {{Z|ses}}: {{W-|ses|saatara}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|joven}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ung}}, {{W+|sv|ungdomlig}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|batà}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|yaş}}, {{W-|crh|genç}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|яшь}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|genç}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýaş}}
* {{Z|kim}}: {{W-|kim|ниит}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|trẻ}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ieuanc}}, {{W+|cy|ifanc}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|час}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|эдэр}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ἡβός|tr=hebos}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|νέος|tr=nêoss}}, {{W+|el|νεαρός}}, {{W+|el|μικρός}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|-sha}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|spehî, bedew, delal, xweşik (2)}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|'adal}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|deftig}}, {{W+|af|mooi}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|bukur}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|schön}}, {{W+|de|gut}}, {{W+|de|angenehm}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ቆንጆ|R=ḳōnjō}}
* {{Z|roa-ang}}: {{W-|roa-ang|biau}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|gözəl}}, {{W+|az|qəşəng}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|eder}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|sche}}, {{W-|bar|fesch}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|brav}}, {{W+|br|kaer}}, {{W+|br|terrupl}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|漂亮|tr=piàoliang}}, {{W+|zh|美丽|tr=měilì}}, {{W+|zh|好看|tr=hǎokàn}}, {{W+|zh|优美|tr=yōuměi}}, {{W+|zh|帅|tr=shuài}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|skøn}}, {{W+|da|smuk}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|cantik}}, {{W+|id|indah}}, {{W+|id|permai}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|جميل|R=cemîl‎}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|bela}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|زیبا|tr=zibâ}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|vakur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kaunis}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|belle|f}}, {{W+|fr|beau|n}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|moai}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|briagha}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃|R=skaúns}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|schoon}}, {{W+|nl|mooi}}, {{W+|nl|fraai}}, {{W+|nl|knap}}, {{W+|nl|net}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|נהדר|cuda=נֶהַדָר|R=nehedar}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|bela}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|fæger}}, {{W-|ang|wlitig}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|beautiful}}, {{W+|en|pretty}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|beautiful}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|belle}}
* {{Z|iu}}: {{W-|iu|ᐃᓂᖁᓇᖅᑐᖅ|R=[[iniqunaqtuq]]}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|bello}}, {{W+|it|carino}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|fagur}}, {{W-|is|legur}}, {{W+|is|fallegur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|美しい|tr=utsukushii}}, {{W+|ja|きれい|tr=kirei}}, {{W+|ja|綺麗|tr=kirei}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|bell}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|thaka}}
* {{Z|rw}}: {{W-|rw|za}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|-zuri}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|예쁘다|tr=yeppeuda}}, {{W+|ko|아름답다|tr=areumdapda}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|formosus}}, {{W+|la|pulcher}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|skaists}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|kitóko}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|gražus}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|cantik}}, {{W+|ms|indah}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|sabih}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|hats’uts}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|gyönyörű}}, {{W+|hu|szép}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|гоё|R=goyo}}, {{W+|mn|сайхан|tr=saikhan}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|nišžóní}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|bé}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|skjønn}}, {{W+|no|vakker}}, {{W+|no|pen}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|polit}}, {{W+|oc|bèl}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|bunita}}, {{W-|pap|kiut}}
* {{Z|pcd}}: {{W-|pcd|biau}}, {{W-|pcd|bieau}}, {{W-|pcd|bellot}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|piękny}}, {{W+|pl|ładny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|belo}}, {{W+|pt|formoso}}, {{W+|pt|lindo}}, {{W+|pt|bonito}}, {{W+|pt|pulcro}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|сымбатты|tr=sımbattı}}, {{W-|kk|әдемі|tr=ädemi}}, {{W-|kk|әсем|tr=äsem}}, {{W-|kk|сұлу|tr=sulw}}, {{W-|kk|көркем|tr=körkem}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|frumos}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|красивый|R=krasivyy}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|fávru}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|सुन्दर|R=sundara|n}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|bellu}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|moy}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|леп|tr=lep}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|lep|m|cuda=lep (леп)}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|krasný}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|aragsan}}, {{W-|so|jalaqsan}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|bello}}, {{W+|es|hermoso}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|-zuri}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|skön}}, {{W+|sv|vacker}}
* {{Z|shy}}: {{W-|shy|yebha}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|magandá}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|afulki}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|güzel}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|bea}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|αἴθριος|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αίθριος|R=éthrios}}, {{W+|el|εξαίσιος|R=exésios}}, {{W+|el|ωραίος|R=oréos}}, {{W+|el|υπέροχος|R=ipérokos}}
* {{Z|fsl}}: {{wikisign|beau}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|-bukekayo}}, {{W+|zu|-hle}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ciwan|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesên ku êdî ne [[zarok]] in lê hê [[pîr]] jî nebûne.
#: {{hevmane|ku|genc|id1=nezarok}}
#: {{nm|ku|Komeke '''ciwanan'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Du pîr û '''ciwanek'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ciwanên''' kurd, bixwînin!}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[qeşeng]], [[xweşik]], [[rindik]], [[ciwan#Kurmancî|ciwan]], [[spehî]], [[bedew]]
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|zza}}
# [[ciwan#Kurmancî|ciwan]], [[genc]], [[xort]]
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}</text>
      <sha1>m7erm2ulcw072tc8slyndxkzxkcaqci</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>firotin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3818</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290870</id>
      <parentid>6262201</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290870</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12439" sha1="35llwoz0t24rmre4zaguee2l8wqa1ep" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* (''Lêkera rader û navdêr'') {{ku-IPA}}
:* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-firotin.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
:* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-firotin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* (''Formeke lêkerê ya demên borî'') {{ku-IPA|fi&quot;rotin}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|firotin|form=gerguhêz|niha=firoş|borî=firot}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[dan|Dan]] bi [[pare]], (tişt) dan bi [[dirav]].
#: {{mk|ku|Kirîn û '''firotin'''.}}
#: {{mk|ku|Tu dê tirimpêla xwe bi çendê '''bifiroşî''' min?|Divê ez çiqas pare bidim te daku tu razî bibî erebeya xwe bidî min?|birêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Erdên vala, yên ku di navbera wan xaniyan de mabûn jî, hemû hatibûn '''firotin'''.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî|bi tesîra tirkî}} [[xayîntî|Xayîntî]] lê kirin; di nîvê re de hiştin. 
#: {{nm|ku|Wan em '''firotin'''.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Pêncî hecc û pêncî sewab&lt;/br&gt;'''Mefroş''' bi vê beya xerab&lt;/br&gt;Poşman dibî j'memelet}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فرۆتن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|firoştan
|firoştin
|firotan
|froştan
|froştin
|frotan
|frotin
}}

==== Dijmane ====
* [[kirîn]]
* [[standin]]
* [[stendin]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|bifiroş
|bifiroşî
|firoş-
|-firoş-
|-firoş
|firoşer
|firoşgeh
|-firoşî
|firoşkar
|firoşkarî
|firoşxane
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
* {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''weg'''-'''s'''- (&quot;zêde kirin, mezin bûn&quot;) 
:*{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''fra'''- (&quot;&quot;) + *'''waxş'''- (&quot;zêde kirin, mezin bûn&quot;) 
::{{ae}}: '''vaxş'''- (&quot;mezin bûn&quot;)
::{{xpr}}: '''wxş'''- (&quot;mezin bûn&quot;)
::{{pal}}: '''wxş'''- (&quot;mezin bûn&quot;), '''frwxş'''- (&quot;firotin&quot;) 
::{{xpr}}: '''xwş'''- (&quot;mezin bûn&quot;)
::{{fa}}: '''furoxten''' / '''furoş'''- (&quot;firotin&quot;)
::[[gîlekî]]: '''furoxtēn''' / '''beyrüş'''- (&quot;firotin&quot;)
::{{sem}}: '''beyrūtīyon''' / '''beyrüş'''- (&quot;firotin&quot;) … {{ir}}
::{{kmr}}: '''firotin''' / '''firoş'''- (&quot;firotin&quot;)
::{{ckb}}: '''[[firoştin]]''' / '''-firoş'''- (&quot;firotin&quot;)
::{{hac}}: '''[[wiretay]], [[wuretay]]''' / '''wireş, wureş-''' (&quot;firotin&quot;) 
::{{zza}}: '''[[rotene]]''' / '''roş'''-  (&quot;firotin&quot;)
:{{sa}}: '''vakş'''- (&quot;mezin bûn&quot;)
:{{el}}: '''auxein'''- (&quot;zêde kirin&quot;) 
:{{la}}: '''augere'''- (&quot;zêde kirin&quot;) 
:{{de}}: '''wachsen'''- (&quot;mezin bûn&quot;) 
:{{en}}: '''wax'''- (&quot;mezin bûn&quot;) ...

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.428]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.6]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* Kurmancî:
** Reşî: firotin (hw. [[firtin]], [[virtin]])
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|فرۆشتن|tr=[[firoştin]]}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|rotene}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|аҭира}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|verkoop}}
* {{Z|xag}}: {{W-|xag|𐔸𐕒𐔲𐕒𐕡𐔳𐔰𐕘𐔴𐕚𐕒𐕡𐕎}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|shes}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|verkaufen}}, {{W+|de|vertreiben}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|መሸጥ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|vindu}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বেচ}}, {{W-|as|বিক্ৰী কৰ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|vender}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|бичизе}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|satmaq}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|saldu}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һатыу}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|прадава́ць|impf}}, {{W-|be|прада́ць|pf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বেচা}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|gwerzhañ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|прода́вам|impf}}, {{W-|bg|прода́м|pf}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ရောင်း}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|дохка}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|prodávat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|prodat|pf}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᎾᏕᎦ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|賣|tr=maai6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|賣|tr=mài}}, {{W+|cmn|售|tr=shòu}}, {{W+|cmn|贩卖}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|賣|tr=māi, bē, bōe}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|vandro}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|sælge}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|jual}}, {{W+|id|menjual}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|بَاعَ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|باع|tr=bāʕ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|باع|tr=bāʕ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|վաճառել}}, {{W+|hy|ծախել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|vendi}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|müüma}}
* {{Z|ext}}: {{W-|ext|vendel}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|koose}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فروختن|tr=foruxtan}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|selja}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|myydä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|vendre}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|vendi}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|ferkuupe}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|reic}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|vender}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაყიდვა}}, {{W-|ka|ვაჭრობა}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|vann}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|kūʻai}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|baligya}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|बेचना}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verkopen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מכר|n|tr=makhár}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sell}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|möövvä}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|дохка}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|díol}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|vendere}}
* {{Z|ium}}: {{W-|ium|maaic}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|selja}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|売る|tr=うる, uru}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|dol}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|edol}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|zzenz}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|bende}}, {{W-|kea|bendi}}, {{W-|kea|vendê}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|vendre}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|rantikuy}}, {{W-|qu|ranqhay}}, {{W-|qu|qhatuy}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|сатуу}}, {{W-|ky|сатып бер-}}
* {{Z|kg}}: {{W-|kg|kuteka}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|විකුණනවා}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|udza|cuda=uudza}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|팔다}}, {{W+|ko|판매하다}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|gwertha}}
* {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|vande}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|сатмакъ}}
* {{Z|lad}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|lad|ב׳ינדיר|tr=vender}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|lad|vender}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|puordūt}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|vendō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|pārdot}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ຂາຍ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|parduoti}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|vend}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|verkafen}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|продава|impf}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|menjual}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ad}}, {{W+|hu|elad}}, {{W+|hu|pénzzé tesz}}, {{W+|hu|árul}}, {{W+|hu|árusít}}, {{W+|hu|kereskedik}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|худалдах}}
* {{Z|mos}}: {{W-|mos|koose}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|vendre}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|selge}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|adaawaage}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|vénder}}, {{W+|oc|vendre}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|gurguruu}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|ауӕй кӕнын}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ساتماق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|sotmoq}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|bende}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|پلورل|tr=plorᶕl}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|vende}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|sprzedawać|impf}}, {{W+|pl|sprzedać|pf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|vender}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਵੇਚਣਾ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|сату}}, {{W-|kk|сатпақ болу}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|bes-}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|vender}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|bikinel}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|vinde}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|продава́ть|impf}}, {{W-|ru|прода́ть|pf}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|bèndhere}}, {{W-|sc|bendi}}, {{W-|sc|bèndiri}}, {{W-|sc|bènnere}}, {{W-|sc|vèndhere}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|baligya}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|vìnniri}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|продавати|impf}}, {{W-|sh|продати|pf}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|prodavati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|prodati|pf}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|вѣнити|impf}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|predávať|impf}}, {{W+|sk|predať|pf}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|prodajati|impf}}, {{W-|sl|prodati|pf}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|pśedawaś|impf}}, {{W-|dsb|pśedaś|pf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|vender}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|uza|cuda=kuuza}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sälja}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|масу тувуб}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|фурӯхтан}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|magbili}}, {{W-|tl|ipagbili}}, {{W-|tl|ibenta}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|வில்}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|dagang}}
* {{Z|blt}}: {{W-|blt|ꪄꪱꪥ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ขาย}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|сатарга}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|fa'an}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|satmak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|satmak}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|འཚོང}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|plänk-}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|садар}}, {{W-|tyv|саттынар}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|вузаны}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بیچنا|tr=becnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|продава́ти|impf}}, {{W-|uk|прода́ти|pf}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|véndar}}, {{W-|vec|vénder}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bán}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|vinde}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwerthu}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|លក់}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|пиронсак}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|атыылаа}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פֿאַרקויפֿן}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|tà}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πουλάω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πωλέω}}, {{W-|grc|πιπράσκω}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|gai}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|sell|oldid=75668241|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|firotin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dan]]a bi [[pare]], [[dayîn]]a bi [[beramber]]î [[pere]]: &lt;br&gt;''firotina xanî, &lt;br&gt;firotina kelûpelan bi pare''

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|rotiş}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|shitje|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Verkauf|n}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|venta|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|satış}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|про́даж|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|বিক্রয়}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|прода́жба|m}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|йохкар}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|prodej|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|銷售|tr=xiāoshòu}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|salg|nt}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|атыы}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بَيْع|n}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|بيع|n|tr=bīʕ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|վաճառք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|vendo}}, {{W-|eo|vendado}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|müük}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|koosgo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فروش|tr=foruš}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|myynti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|vente|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|venda|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაყიდვა}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|tinda}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|विक्रय|n}}, {{W+|hi|बिक्री|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verkoop|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מְכִירָה|m|tr=m'khirá}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sale}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|vendita}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|vendita|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sala|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|販売|tr=はんばい, hambai}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|venda|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|rantikuy}}, {{W-|qu|qhatuy}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|сатуу}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|판매}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|puordūšona|m}}, {{W-|ltg|puordavums|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|venum|nt}}, {{W-|la|venditio|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|pārdošana|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ການຂາຍ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pardavimas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|продажба|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jualan}}, {{W-|ms|penjualan}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|eladás}}, {{W+|hu|árusítás}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|mn|борлуулалт}}, {{W+|mn|худалдаа}}
* {{Z|mos}}: {{W-|mos|koosgo}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|vente|m}} 
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|salg|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|venda|m}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W-|uz|sotish}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|sprzedaż|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|venda|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|сату}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|vânzare|m}}, {{W+|ro|vindere|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|прода́жа|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|про̏даја|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|prȍdaja|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|predaj|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|prodaja|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|iib}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|venta|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|försäljning|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|фурӯш}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|pagbili}}
* {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|ⴰⵣⵏⵣⵉ|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|การขาย}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|అమ్మకము}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⴰⵣⵏⵣⵉ|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|satış}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|satuw}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|про́даж|n}}, {{W-|uk|спро́даж|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bán|cuda=sự bán}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|vindaedje|n}}, {{W+|wa|vinte|m}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פֿאַרקויף|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πώληση|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πρᾶσις|m}}, {{W-|grc|πώλησις|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|sale|oldid=75668219|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# [[form]]a [[pirjimar]] ya [[dema borî ya sade]]  ya lêkera '''[[firotin]]''': &lt;br&gt;''Me gelek tişt firotin.''</text>
      <sha1>35llwoz0t24rmre4zaguee2l8wqa1ep</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>stran</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3885</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290871</id>
      <parentid>6242548</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:02:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290871</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12766" sha1="dwol7t5v1fgvfmdi4f0e999eq1ffpxt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|stran}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|stran|mê}}
[[Wêne:Lorenzo Costa - Un concerto (National Gallery, London).jpg|thumb|Kesek li [[ûd]]ê dide û sê kes bi hev re stranan dibêjin.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{t-ya nerm}}, {{r-ya nerm}}
# {{f|ku|muzîk}} [[gotin|Gotin]]ên ku [[li gel]] [[muzîk]]ê tên [[gotin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|kilam|goranî|çêrik|deyir}} 
#: {{nm|ku|Şivan Perwer '''stranan''' dibêje.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Stranên''' Eyşeşanê xweş in.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ê li sazê bidim û tu jî '''stranekê''' bibêje.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|ستران}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|sitiran}}
* {{g|ku|sitran}}
* {{g|ku|stiran}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|goranî}}
* {{g|ku|kilam}}
* {{g|ku|miqam}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|awaz}}
* {{g|ku|helbest}}
* {{g|ku|muzîk}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|stran bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|stran kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|stranbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|strankirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|stranbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|strankirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|stranane
|strandin
|stranbêj
|stranbêjî
|stranî
|strankî
|strîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[ḱlew-]] ([[bihîstin]], [[guh lê bûn]]), hevreha [[strîn]] (stran gotin) ya kurdî, ''sraweyye-'' ([[ragihandin]], bi deng [[xwendin]]) ya avestayî û ''surûden'' ([[strandin]], kirin stran, bi strankî gotin) ya farisî (&gt; [[sirûd]]), [[श्रोत्र]] (śrōtra-: [[guh]]), [[श्रुत]] (śrutá-: [[bihîstin|bihîst]]) û [[शृणोति]] (śr̥ṇṓti: [[bihîstin|dibihîze]]) [[श्रोमत]] (śrómata-: [[navdar]]î), [[श्रव]] (śráva: [[pesn]], [[meth]], [[sena]]) yên sanskrîtî, {{hv|ru|слава}} ([[pesn]], [[meth]], [[sena]]), îngilîzî [[hear]] ([[bihîstin]], [[guh lê bûn]]) û [[loud]] (dengê bilind) e.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ашәа}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|орэд}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|lied}}, {{W-|af|liedjie}}
* {{Z|knj}}: {{W-|knj|b'it}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|këngë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Lied|nt}}, {{W+|de|Gesang|n}}, {{W+|de|Song|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|кожоҥ}}, {{W-|alt|сарын}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|መዝሙር}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|canta|m}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܙܡܝܪܬܐ|tr=zmīrtā}}, {{W-|syc|ܙܡܪܐ|tr=zmārā}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|cãntic|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|গান}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|canción|m}}
* {{Z|ay}}: {{W-|ay|q'uchu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|mahnı}}, {{W+|az|nəğmə}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|abesti}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|йыр}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пе́сня|m}}, {{W-|be|пе́сенька|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|গান}}
* Berberî:
*: {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|urar|n}}
* {{Z|smk}}: {{W-|smk|kansyon}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|kanaouenn|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|пе́сен|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|သီချင်း}}, {{W+|my|တေး}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|дуун}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|usma'chachi}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|илли}}, {{W-|ce|йиш}}, {{W-|ce|йир}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|píseň|m}}, {{W+|cs|písnička|m}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎧᏃᎩᏍᏗ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|nyimbo}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|taloowa'}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|歌|tr=go1}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|гәр}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|歌|tr=kô}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|歌曲|tr=gēqǔ}}, {{W+|cmn|歌|tr=gē}}, {{W+|cmn|唱兒|tr=chàngr}}, {{W-|cmn|歌兒|tr=gēr}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|歌|tr=gŏ}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|歌|tr=koa, ko, ko͘}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|歌}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|юрӑ}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|sang|g}}, {{W+|da|vise|g}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ލަވަ}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|ырыа}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|liek|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|lagu}}, {{W+|id|tembang}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|أُغْنِيَّة|m}}, {{W-|ar|أُغْنِيَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|اغنية|m|tr=oḡneya}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|أُغْنِيَة|m|tr=uḡniya}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|երգ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|морот}}, {{W-|myv|моро}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kanto}}, {{W-|eo|kanzono}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|laul}}
* {{Z|ext}}: {{W-|ext|jijeal}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آهنگ|tr=âhang}}, {{W+|fa|ترانه|tr=tarâne}}, {{W+|fa|سرود|tr=sorud}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|sangur|n}}, {{W-|fo|songur|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|laulu}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|chançon|m}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|chanson|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cjançon|m}}, {{W-|fur|cjant|n}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|liet}}, {{W-|fy|sang}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|òran|n}}, {{W-|gd|luinneag|m}}, {{W-|gd|amhran|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|canción|m}}, {{W+|gl|cantiga|m}}, {{W-|gl|lais|n}}
* {{Z|sdn}}: {{W-|sdn|cantzoni}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍃|n}}, {{W-|got|𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸|nt}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|ગીત}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სიმღერა}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|purahéi}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|chante}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|mele}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W-|ha|waƙa}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|गाना|n}}, {{W+|hi|गीत|n}}, {{W+|hi|गान|n}}, {{W+|hi|गाथ|m}}, {{W+|hi|तराना|n}}, {{W+|hi|गाथा|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|kanta}}
* {{Z|meu}}: {{W-|meu|ane}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lied|nt}}, {{W+|nl|liedje|nt}}, {{W+|nl|nummer}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Lied|nt}}
* {{Z|iba}}: {{W-|iba|lagu}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שִׁיר|n|tr=shir}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|kansono}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|abu}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|sang|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|song}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|song}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|laulu}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|canto}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|amhrán|n}}, {{W+|ga|ceol|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|canzone|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|lag|nt}}, {{W+|is|söngur|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|歌|tr=うた, uta}}, {{W+|ja|歌曲|tr=かきょく, kakyoku}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|tembang}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|уэрэд}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|erinarsuut}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|дун}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಗೀತೆ}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|жыр}}, {{W-|krc|джыр}}
* {{Z|kaa}}: {{W-|kaa|qosıq}}, {{W-|kaa|jır}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|cançó|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|taki}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ыр}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|ගීතය}}
* {{Z|rw}}: {{W-|rw|indirimbo|c9|c10}}, {{W-|rw|ururirimbo}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|сьыланкыв}}
* {{Z|kpv}}: {{W-|kpv|сьыланкыв}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|노래}}, {{W+|ko|가요}}, {{W+|ko|가곡}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|kan|m}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|йыр|tr=yır}}
* {{Z|lad}}:
*: Latînî: {{W-|lad|kantiga|m}}, {{W-|lad|kantika|m}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|dzīsme}}, {{W-|ltg|daine}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|cantus|n}}, {{W+|la|carmen}}, {{W-|la|canor}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|dziesma|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເພງ}}, {{W-|lo|ເພັງ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|ბირაფა}}, {{W-|lzz|ტრაღოდა}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|nzémbo|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|daina|m}}, {{W-|lt|giesmė|m}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|canzon|m}}
* {{Z|lg}}: {{W-|lg|oluyimba|c11|c12}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Lidd|nt}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|пе́сна|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പാട്ട്}}, {{W+|ml|ഗാനം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|lagu}}, {{W-|ms|gita}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|għanja|m}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡠᠴᡠᠨ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|arrane|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|waiata}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|गाणे|nt}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|мурымаш}}, {{W-|mhr|муро}}
* {{Z|maz}}: {{W-|maz|to̱njo̱}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|mboraei}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ének}}, {{W+|hu|dal}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|lagu}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|cancion|m}}, {{W-|mwl|moda|m}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|морама}}, {{W-|mdf|мора}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|дуу}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W+|nah|cuicatl}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|sin}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|गीत}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|йыр}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|chanson|m}}, {{W-|nrf|chant|n}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|sǫngr|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|sang|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|song|n}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|nagamon}}, {{W-|oj|nagamowin}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|歌|tr=うた, uta}}
* {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|cant}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|cançon|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଗୀତ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|weedduu}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|зарӕг}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ناخشا}}, {{W-|ug|قوشاق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qoʻshiq}}, {{W+|uz|ashula}}, {{W+|uz|oʻlan}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|gīta|nt}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|سرود|n|tr=sorúd}}, {{W+|ps|سندره|m|tr=sandᶕra}}, {{W+|ps|ترانه|m|tr=tarāná}}, {{W-|ps|تڼ|n|tr=taṇ}}, {{W-|ps|غنا|m|tr=ǧenā}}, {{W-|ps|ګانا|m|tr=gānã}}, {{W-|ps|ګانه|m|tr=gāná}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|canson|m}}
* {{Z|pcd}}: {{W-|pcd|canchon|m}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Leet|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|piosenka|m}}, {{W+|pl|pieśń|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|canção|m}}, {{W+|pt|cantiga|m}}, {{W+|pt|música|m}}
* Puncabî:
*: Şaxmuxî: {{W-|pa|گاݨا|n|tr=gāṇā}}
*: Gurmuxî: {{W-|pa|ਗਾਣਾ}}
* {{Z|pua}}: {{W-|pua|pirekua}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жыр}}, {{W-|kk|ән}}, {{W+|kk|өлең}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|gana}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|canzòn|m}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|chanzun|m}}, {{W-|rm|canzun|m}}, {{W-|rm|canzùn|m}}, {{W-|rm|canzung|m}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|gili|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cântec|nt}}, {{W+|ro|cântare|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пе́сня|m}}, {{W+|ru|песнь|m}}, {{W+|ru|пе́сенка|m}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|пі́сня|m}}, {{W-|rue|співа́нка|m}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|lávlla}}
* {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|laavloe}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|pese}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|गीत|nt}}, {{W+|sa|गाथ|n}}
* Sardinian:
*: {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|cantzoni}}
* {{Z|sdc}}: {{W-|sdc|cantzoni}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|awit}}, {{W-|ceb|kanta}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W-|scn|canzùna|m}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|pjosynka|m}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|گيت|n|tr=gītu|cuda=گيِتُ}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|песма|m}}, {{W-|sh|песмица|m}}, {{W-|sh|пјесма|m}}, {{W-|sh|пјесмица|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|pesma|m}}, {{W+|sh|pesmica|m}}, {{W+|sh|pjesma|m}}, {{W+|sh|pjesmica|m}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|sang}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|пѣснь|m}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|пѣснь|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|pieseň|m}}, {{W-|sk|pesnička|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pesem|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|hees|g}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|pěseń|m}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|pěseń|m}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W+|st|pina}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|canción|m}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|kawih}}, {{W-|su|tembang}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ლიღრაალ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|wimbo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|låt|g}}, {{W+|sv|sång}}, {{W+|sv|visa}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|сарын|tr=sarın}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|суруд}}, {{W+|tg|тарона}}, {{W+|tg|оҳанг}}

* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|kanta}}, {{W+|tl|awit}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|பாட்டு}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|yò'ónemą}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|izri|n}}, {{W-|rif|aɣennij|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เพลง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పాట}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|türkü}}, {{W-|crh|yır}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|җыр}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|መዝሙር}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|şarkı}}, {{W+|tr|türkü}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýdym}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གཞས}}, {{W-|bo|གླུ}}, {{W-|bo|གླུ་དབྱངས}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|hiva}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|ыр}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|кырӟан}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎌𐎗}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|گانا|n|tr=gānā}}, {{W-|ur|گیت|n|tr=gīt}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|пі́сня|m}}, {{W-|uk|пі́сенька|m}}, {{W-|uk|співа́нка|m}}, {{W-|uk|співа́ночка|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|canson|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bài hát}}, {{W+|vi|ca}}, {{W+|vi|ca khúc}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|kanit}}, {{W+|vo|lid}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|tchanson|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cân|m}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W-|wo|wóy}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|ыр}}, {{W-|kjh|сарын}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ចម្រៀង}}, {{W-|km|ចំរៀង}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|ingoma|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|ырыа}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ליד|nt}}, {{W-|yi|פּיעסניע|m}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|orin}}
* {{Z|pnt}}: {{W-|pnt|τραγωδία|m}}, {{W-|pnt|τραγώδιν|nt}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|τραγούδι|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ᾠδή|m}}, {{W-|grc|ὕμνος|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|go}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|iculo|c5|c6}}
{{werger-bin}}
: {{werger çavkanî|beş=Ev tabloya wergerê|en|song|oldid=75690449}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=}}
# {{guharto|ku|strandin}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

== {{ziman|sh}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|sh|strȃn}}
# {{g|ku|biyanî}}
#* {{bêmînak|sh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sh|biyanî}}

== {{ziman|sl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sl|z=m}}
# {{g|ku|alî}}, {{g|ku|hêl}}, {{g|ku|rex}}, {{g|ku|teref}}, {{g|ku|al}}
#* {{bêmînak|sl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sl|alî}}</text>
      <sha1>dwol7t5v1fgvfmdi4f0e999eq1ffpxt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4266</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290872</id>
      <parentid>6262011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Pêşdaçek */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290872</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11110" sha1="djgof3zqqzuaqw4cibbwzcby1h0uvcb" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|jî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|Ku-ji.ogg|Deng|dever=Êlih}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-ji.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Pêşdaçek ===
{{pêşdaçek|ku}}
# [[daçek]]ek e bo diyarkirina guherrîna yan guherrandina cihê tiştekê/î yan kesekê/î.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' Kurdistanê çû Swêdê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' malê hat ber dikanê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' avê anî derê.}}
# Daçekek e bo diyarkirina guherrîna yan guherrandina demê.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' sala 2000ê ve ez li [[zanko]]yê dixwînim.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' havînê ta zivistanê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' [[spêde|spêdê]] ta êvarê.}}
# Daçekek e bo diyarkirina dûratiyê.
#: {{nm|ku|Kurdistan '''ji''' vir dûr e.}}
# Daçekek e bo diyarkirina [[sedem]]ê / [[sebeb]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' sarmayê ye ku nesax bûye.}}
# Daçekek e bo diyarkirina [[çavkanî|çavkaniyê]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ev [[agahî]] ne '''ji''' wê pirtûkê ne.}}
# Daçekek e bo diyarkirina [[bikaranîn]]a tiştekê/î bo çêkirina tiştek din.
#: {{nm|ku|Ev xanî '''ji''' [[mermer]] e.}}
# Daçekek e bo diyarkirina [[rê]]girtina li kesekê/î yan tiştekê/î yan jî [[asteng]]danîna li ber wan.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji''' agir parastin.}}
# bo [[berhevdan]] û [[miqayesekirin]]a tiştan yan kesan:
#: {{nm|ku|Mişk '''ji''' fîlan biçûktir in.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tu '''ji''' wî mezintir î.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ji hemûyan zîrektir e.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=[[nê|Nê]] '''ji''' me [[sûc]] û [[xeta]] tên û [[sîtem]]&lt;br /&gt;Lê '''ji''' te [[îhsan]] û [[xufran]] û [[kerem]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|-ij
|j'
|şi
|ş'
|-iş
}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ژ}}
* {{ku-kr|жь}}

==== Nîşeyên karanînê ====
* Dema ev daçek serbixwe tê bikaranîn (anku ti [[nomîn]] nadin pey wê), ew dibe '''[[jê]]''': &lt;br /&gt;''jê çûn'': ji wê (derê) çûn; ji wî (cihî) çûn; ji wan (deran) çûn
* Dema ev daçek wek [[gerund]] bi kar bê, piştî navdêrê daçeka bi ramaneke nêzîk {{q|ku|ve}} tê; ''ji bîr kirin'' &gt; ''bîrvekirin'', ''ji birç mirin'' &gt; ''birçvemirin''.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ji alî
|ji ber
|ji bin
|ji der
|ji hêlê
|ji hindir
|ji jêr
|ji jor
|ji nav
|ji rex
|ji ser
|ji tenişt
|ji ber ...
|ji ... de
|ji ... re
|ji ... ve
}}

==== Daçekên bingehîn ====
{{kol3|ku
|bi
|di
|li
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} * [[eǵʰs]], * [[eǵʰs]] (ji)
:{{ji|ira-pro||-}} *'''heç''' (&quot;li pey, li dûv&quot;,) '''heçeyte''' &quot;li pey çûn&quot;)
::{{ae}}: '''heç''' '''heçeyte''' &quot;li pey çûn&quot;)
::{{peo}}: '''hec'''
::{{xpr}}: '''h'xs'''
::{{pal}}: '''h'c, ez'''
::partî: '''ej'''
::{{fa}}: '''ez''', '''zi'''
::{{bal}}: '''eç''', '''eş'''
::{{kmr}}: '''ji, [[iş]]'''
::{{zza}}: '''[[zi]], [[ci]]'''
:{{sa}}: '''sec'''
:{{ru}}: [[из]] (iz)
:{{el}}: '''[[ἐξ]]''' (êks)
:{{la}}: '''[[ex]]'''
:{{lt}}: [[iš]], [[iž]]
:&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.124]], [[Şablon:Horn|Horn p.18]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.74]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* Kurmancî: ji
* Kurmancîya Xorasanê: [[sa/sewa]], [[le]], [[je]], [[da]], [[ra]]
* Kurdiya başûrî: [[le]], [[je]], [[de]]
* Soranî: le ...ewe
* Zazakî: ... [[ra]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|bo diyarkirina derketina ji cihekî yan ji tiştekî}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|van}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|nga}}, {{W+|sq|prej}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|von}}, {{W+|de|aus}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|arc|מן|tr=min}}
*: Siryanî: {{W-|arc|ܡܢ|tr=min}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|-অৰ পৰা}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|wa}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ад}}, {{W-|be|з}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|অবধি}}, {{W+|bn|থেকে}}
* {{Z|bqi}}: {{W-|bqi|ز|tr=ze}}, {{W-|bqi|زه|tr=ze}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|hali}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|из}}, {{W+|bg|от}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|မှ}}, {{W+|my|က}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|z}}, {{W+|cs|ze}}, {{W+|cs|od}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|從|tr=cung4}}, {{W-|yue|自|tr=zi6}}, {{W-|yue|由|tr=jau4}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|從|tr=cóng}}, {{W+|cmn|自|tr=zì}}, {{W+|cmn|由|tr=yóu}}, {{W+|cmn|由於|tr=yóuyú}}, {{W+|cmn|出於|tr=chūyú}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|da}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|fra}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مِن}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|من|tr=men}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|مِن|tr=minn}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|el}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|از|tr=az}}, {{W+|fa|ز|tr=ze}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|-sta}}, {{W+|fi|-lta}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|de}}, {{W+|fr|dans}}, {{W+|fr|sur}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|di}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|fan}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|à}}, {{W-|gd|às}}, {{W-|gd|bho}}, {{W-|gd|o}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|de}}, {{W+|gl|dende}}, {{W-|gl|desque}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|-დან}}, {{W-|ka|-გან}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|guive}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|से}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|van}}, {{W+|nl|uit}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מ־|tr=mi-, me-}}, {{W-|he|מִן|tr=mín}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|de}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|from}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|de}}, {{W+|ia|ab}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|ó}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|da}}, {{W+|it|di}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|frá}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|から|tr=kara|}}, {{W+|ja|より|tr=yori}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|de}}, {{W+|ca|des de}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|-에서}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|a}}
* {{Z|bzj}}: {{W-|bzj|fahn}}
* {{Z|lld}}: {{W-|lld|de}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|ab}}, {{W+|la|a}}, {{W+|la|ex}}, {{W+|la|e}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຈາກ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|iš}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|va}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|од}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|dari}}, {{W-|ms|daripada}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|minn}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠴᡳ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡳ}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W-|hu|[[-ból]]/[[-ből]]}}, {{W-|hu|[[-tól]]/[[-től]]}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|a}}, {{W-|nap|'e}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|बाट}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|fra}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|di}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|z}}, {{W+|pl|od}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|de}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਤੋਂ|tr=tõ}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|mai}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|de}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|из}}, {{W+|ru|от}}, {{W+|ru|с}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|из}}, {{W-|sh|од}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|iz}}, {{W+|sh|od}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠔꠘꠦ}}, {{W-|syl|ꠕꠣꠇꠤ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|fae}}, {{W-|sco|frae}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|z}}, {{W-|sk|od}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|iz}}, {{W+|sl|z}}, {{W+|sl|od}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wót}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|de}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|från}}, {{W+|sv|ur}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|จาก}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ካብ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|-den}}, {{W+|tr|-dan}}, {{W+|tr|-ten}}, {{W+|tr|-tan}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ནས}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سے|tr=se}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|від}}, {{W+|uk|з}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|de}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|từ}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|oddi}}
* {{Z|wuh}}: {{W-|wuh|-la}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពី|tr=pii}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פֿון}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|από}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀπό}} ; {{W-|grc|παρά}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|from|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75626465}}

{{werger-ser|bo berhevdanê}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|se}}, {{W+|sq|sesa}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|als}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|que}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|-dalay}}, {{W-|az|-daldi}}
* Bashkir: ''ablative case''; ''dative case'' + {{W-|ba|ҡарағанда}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|baino}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|чым}}, {{W-|be|ніж}}, {{W-|be|за}}, {{W+|be|як}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|চেয়ে}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|eget}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|от|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|bg|не́жели}}, {{W-|bg|не́же}}, {{W-|bg|не́гли}}, {{W-|bg|не́ли}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထက်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cim}}: {{W-|cim|dan}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|než}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|比|tr=bǐ}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|end}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|daripada}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مِن}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|من|tr=men|sc=Arab}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|քան}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|ol}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kui}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|از|tr=az}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|enn}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuin}}, ''partitive case followed by a comparative adjective''
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|que}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|na}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|ca}}, {{W-|gl|ca non}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌸𐌰𐌿}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ვიდრე|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|की अपेक्षा}}, {{W+|hi|से|cuda=... से|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|dan}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מִ־|tr=mi-}}, {{W-|he|מִמַּה שֶּׁ־|tr=mimá she-}}, {{W-|he|מֵאֲשֶׁר|tr=me'ashér}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|kam}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|than}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|ná}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|di}}, {{W+|it|che}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|en}},
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|より|cuda=...より|tr=...yori}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|que}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|караганда|cuda=-га караганда|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|ky|көрө|cuda=-дан көрө|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|보다|cuda=...보다}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|ages}}, {{W-|kw|es}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|quam}},
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|nekā}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ກ່ວາ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|nei}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|од|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|daripada}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mint}}, {{W+|hu|-nál/-nél}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|denn}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|enn}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|koʻra}}, {{W+|uz|nisbatan}}, {{W+|uz|qaraganda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|niż}}, {{W+|pl|aniżeli}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|que}}, {{W-|pt|do que}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|қарағанда|cuda=ға қарағанда|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|kk|гөрі|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|ca}}, {{W+|ro|decât}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|чем}}, {{W-|ru|не́жели}}, {{W-|ru|не́же}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|go}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|него}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|nego}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|nor}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|нежели}}, {{W-|cu|некъли}}, {{W-|cu|негъли}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|нежели}}, {{W-|orv|чѣмъ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|než}}, {{W-|sk|ako}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|kot}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|que}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kuliko}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|än}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|na}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|аз}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|kaysa}}, {{W+|tl|sa}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|กว่า}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|కంటె}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|göre}}, {{W+|tr|-den}}, {{W+|tr|-dan}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|görä}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ལས}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سے|tr=... se|cuda=... سے|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|ніж}}, {{W+|uk|за}}, {{W+|uk|від}}, {{W+|uk|як}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|de}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|hơn}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|ka}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|na}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ជាង|tr=cieŋ|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פֿאַר|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|yi|פֿון|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|yi|ווי|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|yi|איידער}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|από|sc=Grek}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἤ}}, {{W-|grc|ἤπερ}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|than|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75819598}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# {{guherto|ku|jî|w=herwiha, hem}}</text>
      <sha1>djgof3zqqzuaqw4cibbwzcby1h0uvcb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mizgeft</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4360</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290873</id>
      <parentid>6249051</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290873</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5296" sha1="3jzilq1bidcmbv84u5kitf60bcathpu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mizgeft|mê}}
[[Wêne:Khusruwiyah Mosque, Aleppo.jpg|thumb|250px|mizgeftek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{t-ya nerm}}
# {{f|ku|îslam}} [[avahî|Avahiya]] ku [[misilman]] lê [[civîn|dicivin]] û [[bi hev re]] [[nivêj]]an dikin yan [[guh dan|guh didin]] [[weiz]] û [[xwendin]]a [[Qur'an]]ê; [[nimêjgeh]], [[pîrozgeh]] û [[peristgeh]]a [[misilman]]an. 
#: {{hevmane|ku|camî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Xêra ku li malê diçe, li '''mizgeftê''' betal e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bişev li dêrê ye biroj li '''mizgeftê''' ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hem ji dêrê hem ji '''mizgeftê''' bûn.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Heta dêrek ava bike '''mizgeftek''' xera kir.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مزگه‌فت}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|mizgevt}}
* {{g|ku|mizget}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|abid
|bang
|destnimêj
|dua
|ezan
|feqe
|hec
|mela
|muezin
|nimêj
|Qur'an
|rikaet
|rojî
|selewat
|seyda
|sicde
|şehde
|taret
|tehyat
|terawîh
|xoce
|zekat
}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|mizgeftî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|sem-ara|ku}}{{eref|{{Tsabolov|cild=1|r=674}}}} taliyê ji {{ji|arc|ckb|𐡌𐡎𐡂𐡃𐡀&lt;ts:masgəḏā&gt;&lt;t:cihê îbadetê&gt;}}. Bide ber {{hv|fa-cls|مزگت|tr=mazgit}}, {{hv|pal|tr=mzgt'|ts=mazgit}} {{hv|xcl|մզկիթ}}. {{g|ar|مَسْجِد}} ya erebî ji aramî hatiye wergirtin.{{eref|{{R:CAL|msgd|N}}}} {{cotreh|ku|mescîd}}.

{{çavkanî-etîm}}

==== Dûnde ====
* {{dû|lsd|מזגפת|tr=məzgaft(e)|deyn=1}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|mizgewt|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: {{W-|sdh|mecit|sc=Latn}}
* {{hac}}: [[mizgî]]
* {{Z|zza}}: camîye, [[mizgefte]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W|ace|meuseujid}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|xhamia}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|moschee}}, {{W|de|Moschee}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W|ast|mezquita}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W|az|məscid}}
* {{Z|bjn}}: {{W|bjn|masigit}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|meskita}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W|ba|мәсет}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W|be|мячэць}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W|bn|মসজিদ}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|moskeenn}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|джамия}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|mešita}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|清真寺}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W|cv|мичĕт}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|moské}}
* {{Z|gsw}}: {{W|gsw|moschee}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|masjid}}
* {{Z|arz}}: {{W|arz|جامع}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مسجد}}, {{W|ar|جامع|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|Մզկիթ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|moskeo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W|et|mošee}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مسجد}}, {{W|fa|جامع}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|moskur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|moskeija}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|mosquée}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|moskee}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|mosg}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W|gl|mesquita}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W|ka|მეჩეთი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|मस्जिद}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|moskee}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|מסגד}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W|io|moskeo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|mosque}}, {{W|en|religious house|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|mosc}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|moschea}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|moska}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|モスク}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W|jv|masjid}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W|kn|ಮಸೀದಿ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|mesquita}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W|ky|мечит}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|모스크}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W|lad|mishkita}}
* {{Z|lbe}}: {{W-|lbe|мизит}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|meschita}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W|lv|mošeja}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W|li|moskee}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|mečetė}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W|lb|moschee}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W|mk|џамија}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W|ml|ജുമാമസ്ജിദ്}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|masjid}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W|mr|मशीद}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|mecset}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W|xmf|მეჩეთი}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W|mn|мечет}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W|ne|मस्जिद}}
* {{Z|nn}}: {{W|nn|moské}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|moské}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W|oc|mosqueta}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W|os|мæзджыт}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W|ug|جامى}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W|uz|masjid}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W|ps|جومات}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|meczet}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|mesquita}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W|pa|مسیت}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W|kk|мешіт}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|moschee}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|мечеть}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W|ceb|meskita}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W|scn|muschea}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W|szl|moszeja}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|džamija}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|džamija}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|džamija}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|џамија}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|mešita}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|mošeja}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W|so|masaajid}}
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W|ckb|مزگەوت}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|mezquita}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W|su|masjid}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|msikiti}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|moské}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W|tg|масҷид}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|moske}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W|ta|பள்ளிவாசல்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W|th|มัสยิด}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W|te|మస్జిద్}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W|tt|мәчет}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|cami}}, {{W|tr|mescit}}, {{W|tr|allah evi}}, {{W|tr|tapınak}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W|bo|ཁ་ཆེའི་ཆོས་ཁང་།}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W|udm|мечеть}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W|ur|مسجد}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W|uk|мечеть}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W|vi|thánh đường hồi giáo}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W|wa|moskêye}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W|war|moske}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W|cy|mosg}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W|yo|mọ́ṣálásí}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|τζαμί}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W|zza|camiye}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3jzilq1bidcmbv84u5kitf60bcathpu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>maç</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4497</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290874</id>
      <parentid>6262281</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290874</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11992" sha1="byvwpxy38ox9c6c14ebrkhqilouz4zt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
[[Wêne:Kuss.jpg|thumb|250px|maçeke evînî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[danîn]]a [[lêv]]ên xwe li leşê kesekê/î yan li tiştekê/î
#: {{nm|ku|'''Maç'''kirina [[gep]] û [[alek]]an li gelek welatan edetek [[silav]]kirinê ye.}}
# [[danîn]]a [[lêv]]ên li ser [[lêv]]ên hev
#: {{nm|ku|Te ez bi '''maç'''a xwe helandim.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ماچ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mirç
|mis
|mîss
|paç
|pis
|piss
|baç
|birç
|bis
|biss
|bîse
|bûse
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|ramûsan
|bûse
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|maç kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|maçî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|maç lê dan
|maçkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|maçkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|maçker
|maçîker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[hevreh|Hevreha]] {{hv|ckb|ماچ}}, {{hv|fa|ماچ|tr=mâč}}, {{hv|tg|муччӣ}}, herwiha hevreha din ya kurmancî ''[[ramûsan|(ra)mûs(an)]]'', {{hv|fa|بوسیدن|tr=bûsîden}}, {{hv|la|basium}}, {{hv|fr|bisou}}, {{hv|en|buss}}... hemû ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|-}} ''[[*bu]]''. Bo guherîna B/M bidin ber bo nimûne ''[[bizmar]]'' (&lt; mismar) û ''[[bisirman]]'' (misilman). Bo guherîna Ç/S bidin ber ''[[birçî]]/[[birsî]]''. Taliya talî [[texlîd]]kirina dengê '''maç/[[mirç]]''' yê [[siriştî]] yê dikare were [[bihîstin]] dema ku kesek maçekê li kesekî/ê yan tiştekî/ê dide.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|aiw}}: {{W-|aiw|sónqa}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|soen}}, {{W-|af|soengroet}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|puthje|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kuss|n}}, {{W+|de|Busserl|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|চুমা}}, {{W-|as|পৰশ্}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|besu|n}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|убач}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|öpüş}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|musu}}, {{W+|eu|pot}}, {{W+|eu|pa}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пацалу́нак|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|চুম্বন}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|pok|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|целу́вка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|နမ်း}}, {{W-|my|နမ်းစုတ်ခြင်း}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|ба}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|polibek|n}}, {{W+|cs|pusa|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|吻|tr=wěn}}, {{W+|cmn|親|tr=qīn}}, {{W+|cmn|親吻|tr=qīnwěn}}, {{W+|cmn|接吻|tr=jiēwěn}}, {{W-|cmn|親嘴|tr=qīnzuǐ}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|biss|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kys|nt}}, {{W-|da|møs|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|ciuman}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قُبْلَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|بَوْسَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|بُوسَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|بوسة|m|tr=bōsa}}
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|بوسة|m|tr=bōsa}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بوسة|m|tr=bōsa}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|بوسة|m|tr=būsa}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|համբույր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kiso}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|suudlus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بوسه|tr=buse}}, {{W+|fa|ماچ|tr=mâč}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|suukko}}, {{W+|fi|suudelma}}, {{W+|fi|pusu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|baiser|n}}, {{W+|fr|bisou|n}}, {{W+|fr|bécot|n}}, {{W+|fr|bec|n}}, {{W+|fr|bise|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|bussade|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|tút}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|pòg|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|bico|n}}, {{W+|gl|beixo|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐍃|m}}, {{W-|got|𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐍃|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|ચુંબન}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|კოცნა}}, {{W-|ka|ამბორი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|etũ}}, {{W-|gn|ñehetũ}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|चुम्बन}}
* {{Z|gin}}: {{W-|gin|уббай}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|kus|n}}, {{W+|nl|zoen|n}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Kuss|n}}, {{W-|hrx|Schmutz|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|נְשִׁיקָה|m|tr=neshiká}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|coss|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|cos}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|kiss}} (a touch with the lips)
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|suukko}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|basio}}
* {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|póc|m}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|póg|m}}
* {{Z|zai}}: {{W-|zai|bixiduʼ}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|bacio|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|koss|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|キス|tr=kisu}}, {{W+|ja|接吻|tr=せっぷん, seppun}}, {{W+|ja|口付け|tr=くちづけ, kuchizuke}}, {{W-|ja|チュー|tr=chū}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|kunik}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಮುತ್ತು}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|uma}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|beju}}, {{W-|kea|beje}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|petó|n}}, {{W+|ca|bes|n}}, {{W+|ca|besada|m}}
* {{Z|zku}}: {{W-|zku|taapa}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|much'a}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|өбүш}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|입맞춤}}, {{W+|ko|키스}}, {{W+|ko|뽀뽀}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|bay|n}}
* {{Z|zum}}: {{W-|zum|بُص|tr=bōṣ}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|bezo}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|basium|nt}}, {{W+|la|osculum|nt}}, {{W-|la|suavium|nt}}, {{W-|la|sāvium|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|skūpsts|n}}, {{W+|lv|buča|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຈູບ}}, {{W-|lo|ການຈູບ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|bučinys|n}}, {{W-|lt|bučkis|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Kuss|n}}, {{W-|lb|Bees|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|бакнеж|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഉമ്മ}}, {{W+|ml|ചുംബനം}}, {{W+|ml|മുത്തം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|ciuman}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|bewsa|m}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|paag|m}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|चुंबन}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|ts’u’uts’}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|csók}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|ჯუნა}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|mn|үнсэлт}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|म्वाइँ}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|baîsi|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|kyss|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|poton|n}}, {{W-|oc|punet|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଚୁମା}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|بوسە}}, {{W-|ug|ھاببا}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|oʻpich}}, {{W+|uz|boʻsa}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Kuss|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|pocałunek|n}}, {{W+|pl|całus|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|beijo|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|өбісу}}, {{W-|kk|сүйісу}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|cum}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|béṣ|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|bitsch|n}}, {{W-|rm|betsch|n}}, {{W-|rm|bütsch|n}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|chumi}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|sărut|nt}}, {{W+|ro|pupic|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|поцелу́й|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|चुम्ब|n}}, {{W+|sa|चुम्बन|nt}}
* Sardinian:
*: {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|basidu}}, {{W-|sc|basu}}
*: {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|basidu}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|vasu|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по̀љубац|n}}, {{W-|sh|цѐлов|n}}, {{W-|sh|цјѐлов|n}}, {{W-|sh|пу̏са|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|pòljubac|n}}, {{W+|sh|cèlov|n}}, {{W+|sh|cjèlov|n}}, {{W+|sh|pȕsa|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|bozk|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|poljub|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|beso|n}}, {{W+|es|ósculo|n}}
*: {{Z|osp}}: {{W-|osp|beso}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|nonea|cuda=busu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kyss|g}}, {{W+|sv|puss|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|бӯса}}, {{W-|tg|муччӣ}}, {{W+|tg|бӯсса}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|halik}}, {{W-|tl|humalik|}}, {{W-|tl|maghalikan|}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|முத்தம்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|การจูบ}}, {{W+|th|จูบ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ముద్దు}}, {{W+|te|చుంబనం}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|үбү}}, {{W+|tt|үбеш}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|öpücük}}, {{W+|tr|buse}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|öpüş}}, {{W-|tk|posa}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W-|tpn|îurupytera}}, {{W-|tpn|îoîurupytera}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|چمبان|tr=cumban}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|поцілу́нок|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|baxo|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|[[nụ]] [[hôn]]}}, {{W-|vi|[[cái]] [[hôn]]}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|kid}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cusan|n|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ថើប}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|קוש|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φιλί|nt}}, {{W+|el|ασπασμός|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|φίλημα|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|kiss|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75710201}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hevrikî|hevrikiyek]] [[anku]] [[rikeberî|rikeberiyek]] di navbera du aliyan de (bi taybetî di [[werziş]]ê anku [[spor]]ê de)
#: {{nm|ku|'''Maça''' futbolê du-bi-du bi dawî hat.}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|bazî
|hevrikî
|leyistik
|lîstik
|misabeqe
|pêşbazî
|pêşbirk
|rikeberî
|sîbaq
|yarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|en|ku|match}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|матч}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|ndeshje|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Spiel|nt}}, {{W+|de|Wettspiel|nt}}, {{W+|de|Wettkampf|n}}, {{W+|de|Match|nt|n}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|partíu|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|matç}}, {{W+|az|müsabiqə}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|partida}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|матч|n}}, {{W-|be|спабо́рніцтва|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|ম্যাচ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|мач|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ပြိုင်ပွဲ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zápas|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|比賽}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kamp|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مُبَارَاة|m}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|مبارة|tr=mubāra}}, {{W-|ary|مسابقة|tr=musābaqa}}, {{W-|ary|ماتش|tr=mātš}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խաղ}}, {{W+|hy|մրցում}}, {{W+|hy|մրցամարտ}}, {{W+|hy|մատչ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|matĉo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|matš}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مسابقه|tr=mosâbeqe}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|dystur|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ottelu}}, {{W+|fi|matsi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|match|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|partido|n}}, {{W-|gl|partida|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მატჩი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|मैच|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wedstrijd|m}}, {{W+|nl|match|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|תַּחֲרוּת|m|tr=takharút}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|konkurso}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|match}} (sporting event)
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|cluiche|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|incontro|n}}, {{W+|it|partita|m}}, {{W+|it|gara|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|keppni|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|試合|tr=しあい, shiai}}, {{W+|ja|競技|tr=きょうぎ, kyōgi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|partit|n}}, {{W+|ca|matx|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|матч}}, {{W+|ky|мелдеш}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|경기}}, {{W+|ko|시합}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|certāmen|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|mačs|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ການແຂ່ງຂັນ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|mačas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|натпревар|n}}, {{W-|mk|меч|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|perlawanan}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kēmu}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|meccs}}, {{W+|hu|mérkőzés}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|тэмцээн}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|kamp|n}}, {{W+|nb|match|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|مۇسابىقە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|match}}, {{W+|uz|musobaqa}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mecz|n}}, {{W+|pl|zawody|n-p}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|partida|m}}, {{W+|pt|combate|n}}, {{W+|pt|luta|m}}, {{W+|pt|jogo|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|матч}}, {{W-|kk|жарыс}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|meci|nt}}, {{W+|ro|partidă|m}}, {{W+|ro|întâlnire|m}}, {{W+|ro|joc|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|матч|n}}, {{W-|ru|соревнова́ние|nt}}, {{W-|ru|состяза́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ме̏ч|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|mȅč|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|zápas|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|tekma|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|partido|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mechi}}, {{W+|sw|mashindano}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|match|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|мусобиқа}}, {{W-|tg|вохӯрӣ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|การแข่ง}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|maç}}, {{W+|tr|müsabaka}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|matç}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|འགྲན་སྡུར}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|میچ|n|tr=maic}}, {{W-|ur|مسابقہ|tr=musābaqa}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|матч|n}}, {{W-|uk|змага́ння|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|trận đấu}}, {{W-|vi|trận cầu}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W-|wa|match|n}}, {{W+|wa|pårteye|m}}, {{W-|wa|lûte|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gêm|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|កីឡា}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מאַטש|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ματς|nt}}, {{W+|el|αγώνας|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|match|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75762322}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-maç.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# maç, [[musabeqe]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>byvwpxy38ox9c6c14ebrkhqilouz4zt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kedî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4511</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290875</id>
      <parentid>6253540</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290875</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1643" sha1="myheo81plygwbh9n77y4emu6k3aocsa" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|kedî}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[heywan|Heywan]]ên ji alî mirovan ve tên [[xwedan]]kirin û ne li [[çol]]ê [[berdayî]] ne.
#: {{nm|ku|Dikare bêt gotin ku [[se]] [[gur]]ên '''kedî''' ne.}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ên yan [[heywan]]ên ji mirovan [[revîn|narevin]] yan xwe [[nêz]]î mirovan dikin yan xwe bidin dest mirovî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ev kew '''kedî''' bûne.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kehî}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|kovî
|kûvî
|wehşî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kedî bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|kedî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|kedîbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|kedîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|kedîbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|kedîkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|kedîtî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|dirinde
|hov
|revok
|wehş
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, ji ''ked'', ji [[avestayî]] ''kata-'', [[keye]] (Kurdiya zazakî), [[mal]] + ''î'', [[-î]]. Herwiha [[pehlewî]] ''kadagīg'': ''kadag''-, [[keye]] (Kurdiya zazakî), [[mal]] + ''īg'', [[-î]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|häuslich}}, {{W|de|zahm}}, {{W|de|Dienstbote|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|ألیف|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|داجن|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مألوف|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مستأنس|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|اهلی}}, {{W|fa|خانگی}}, {{W|fa|رام}}, {{W|fa|رام شده}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|kesy}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|domestic}}, {{W|en|tame}}, {{W|en|domesticated}}, {{W|en|livestock}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|馴れた}} (nareta), {{W|ja|家庭内}} (kateinai), {{W|ja|家-}} (ka-) (prefix)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|evcil}}, {{W|tr|ehli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>myheo81plygwbh9n77y4emu6k3aocsa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rojane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4514</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290876</id>
      <parentid>6129494</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290876</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5934" sha1="d5jz65rvzrax6i6dngrhfjh3vysijff" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|rojane}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tişta/ê di [[roj]]ê de carekê dibe.
#: {{nm|ku|di [[civîn]]a '''rojane''' de}}
# Tişta/ê di [[roj]]ê de carekê tê kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|[[rojname]]yek '''rojane'''|rojnameya her rojê hejmarek jê derdikeve|rêz=1}}
# Tişta/ê [[roj]]ekê [[vekêşîn|vedikêşe]].
#: {{nm|ku|[[bername]]ya '''rojane'''}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rojane kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|rojanekirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|rojanekirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Maneya 1ê ji {{paş|ku|roj|-ane&lt;crz:di demekê de&gt;&lt;id:dem&gt;}}

Maneya 2 û 3an {{paş|ku|roj|-ane&lt;crz:her demekê carekê&gt;&lt;id:car&gt;}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|hefteyane
|mehane
|salane
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|alltäglich}}, {{W-|de|taglich}}, {{W+|de|täglich}}, {{W+|de|tagtäglich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|umgangssprachlich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Aktualisierung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|angesagt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|يومي}}, {{W+|ar|يومية}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روزانه}}, {{W+|fa|هرروز}}, {{W+|fa|فوری|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|روزمره|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|daily}}, {{W+|en|diurnal}}, {{W+|en|fashionable}}, {{W+|en|daily wage}}, {{W+|en|daily allowance}}, {{W+|en|hackneyed}}, {{W+|en|topical}}, {{W+|en|update}}, {{W+|en|up-to-date}}, {{W+|en|workaday}}, {{W+|en|olibanum}}, {{W+|en|quotidian}}, {{W+|en|quotha}}, {{W-|en|perdiem|guman=erê}},
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aktüalite}}, {{W+|tr|güncel}}, {{W+|tr|günlük}}, {{W+|tr|yevmi}}, {{W+|tr|gündelik}}, {{W+|tr|aktüel}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# Her [[roj]]ê (carekê).
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''rojane''' wê nabînim.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|daagliks}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|täglich}}, {{W-|de|jeden Tag}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ケㇱト|tr=kesto}}, {{W-|ain|ケㇲト}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|hər gün}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|egunero}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һәр көн}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|штодня́}}, {{W-|be|штодзённа}}, {{W-|be|штодзе́нь}}
* {{Z|bho}}: {{W-|bho|रोज}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|bemdez}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|всекидне́вно}}, {{W+|bg|ежедне́вно}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|denně}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|每天|tr=měitiān}}, {{W+|cmn|每日|tr=měirì}}, {{W+|cmn|天天|tr=tiāntiān}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|dagligt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|harian}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|يَوْمِيًّا}}, {{W-|ar|كُلَّ يَوْمٍ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|օրական|sc=Armn}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|ĉiutage}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|iga päev}}, {{W-|et|päeviti}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|dagliga}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|päivittäin}}, {{W-|fi|[[joka]] [[päivä]]}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|quotidiennement}}, {{W+|fr|journellement}}, {{W-|fr|tous les jours}}, {{W-|fr|chaque jour}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|diariamente}}, {{W+|gl|decote}}, {{W+|gl|acotío}}, {{W-|gl|decotío}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|toulejou}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|रोज़}}, {{W-|hi|हर रोज़}}, {{W-|hi|हर दिन}}, {{W-|hi|प्रतिदिन}}, {{W+|hi|दैनिक}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|dagelijks}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מדי יום|tr=mi'dei yom}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|diale}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|daily}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|quotidianmente}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|in éadan}} {{W-|ga|an}} {{W-|ga|lá|cuda=lae}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|quotidianamente}}, {{W+|it|giornalmente}}, {{W-|it|ogni giorno}}, {{W-|it|tutti i giorni}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|毎日|tr=まいにち, mainichi|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|日々|tr=にちにち, nichinichi|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|diàriament}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|ар күн}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|매일}}, {{W+|ko|맨날}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|quotīdiē}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|kasdien}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|секојдневно|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ദിവസേന}}, {{W+|ml|ദൈനംദിനം}}, {{W+|ml|ദിനംപ്രതി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|setiap hari}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mindennap}}, {{W+|hu|naponta}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|daglig}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|dagleg}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ھەر كۈنى}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|codziennie}}, {{W+|pl|co dzień}}, {{W+|pl|dziennie}}, {{W+|pl|co dnia}}, {{W+|pl|każdego dnia}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|diariamente}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|әр күн}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|zilnic}}, {{W+|ro|cotidian}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ежедне́вно}}, {{W-|ru|ка́ждый день}}, {{W+|ru|каждодне́вно}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W-|sa|द्यविद्यवि|tr=dyávidyavi}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|свакодневно|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|sh|svakodnevno}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|denne}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|diariamente}}, {{W+|es|cotidianamente}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kila siku}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|dagligen}}, {{W-|sv|varje dag}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ทุกวัน|tr=túk-wan}}, {{W-|th|[[ทุก ๆ]] [[วัน]]|tr=túk-túk-wan}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|her gün}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|her gün}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|komt}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|روز|tr=roz|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W-|ur|ہر روز|tr=har roz|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W-|ur|ہر دن|tr=har din|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|щоде́нно}}, {{W-|uk|щодня́}}, {{W-|uk|ко́жного дня}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|mổi ngày}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W-|vo|aldeliko}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|រាល់ថ្ងៃ|tr=roal tngay|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|יעדן טאָג}}, {{W-|yi|טאָג־טעגלעך}}, {{W-|yi|טעגווײַז}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|ημερησίως}}, {{W+|el|καθημερινά}}, {{W-|el|[[κάθε]] [[μέρα]]}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|[[κατά|καθ']] [[ἡμέρα|ἡμέραν]]}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|daily|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82474038}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pare|Pare]]yê bo karkirina [[roj]]ekê tê dan / wergirtin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|yewmî|miz|meaş}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rojaneya te çend e?}}</text>
      <sha1>d5jz65rvzrax6i6dngrhfjh3vysijff</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dirêj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4530</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290877</id>
      <parentid>6262003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290877</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10843" sha1="1h0vmwpnpso7lg320ko3up5xk1aaccu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-dirêj.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-dirêj.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|dirêj}}
[[Wêne:Pilot pens.jpg|thumb|Qelemekî '''dirêj''' (li jêr) û yekî kurt (li jor).]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Bi [[mesafe]]ya xwe [[mezin]].
#: {{dijmane|ku|kurt|kin|qut}}
#: {{nm|ku|Qelemekî '''dirêj'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Mêrekî '''dirêj'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rêyeke '''dirêj'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Filmekî du saetan '''dirêj'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Mesele dûr û '''dirêj''' e.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Hekkakî bi navê »Zîn« nivîsî&lt;/br&gt;Destê xwe '''dirêj''' kirî ku bînit&lt;/br&gt;Da qenc nezer bikit bibînit}}
# {{f|ku|tirkmancî}} [[bilind|Bilind]], [[bejnbilind]].

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|درێژ}}
* {{ku-kr|дьреж}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[drêj]]

==== Hevmane ====
* [[medîd]]

==== Dijmane ====
* [[kurt]]
* [[kin]]
* [[qut]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[pêvekêşk]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dirêj bûn
|dirêj kirin
|dirêjbûn
|dirêjkirin
|dirêjbûyî
|dirêjkirî
|bejndirêj
|demdirêj
|demdirêjî
|destdirêj
|destdirêjî
|dirêjahî
|dirêjatî
|dirêjayî
|dirêjî
|keledirêj
|lihtî dirêj
|zimandirêj
|zimandirêjî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{etymon|ku|id=bi mesafeya xwe mezin|inh|ira-pro&gt;*dr̥Hgáh&gt;dirêj, dereng|text=++|tree=1}}

Hevreha {{hv|ckb|درێژ|tr=dirêj}}, {{hv|hac|dirêj|sc=Latn}}, belûçî {{g|bal|دراج|tr=drac}}, {{hv|fa|دراز|tr=deraz, dêraz}}, {{hv|pal|𐯌𐮲𐮹𐮰𐮿|tr=dlʾc /drāz/}}, tacikî [[дароз]] (daroz), {{hv|ae|𐬛𐬭𐬁𐬘𐬀𐬵|tr=drājah, /draceh/}}.

Herwiha têkilî {{nh|zza|derg}}, {{nh|xpr|𐫅𐫡𐫄|tr=d'rǧ}} û {{q|xpr|𐫅𐫡𐫃|tr=derǧ}}, hexamenişî [[𐎭𐎼𐎥]] (d-r-g /derge/), {{hv|ae|𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬔𐬀|tr=darəga, /derige/}}, {{hv|os|даргъ|tr=darǧ}}, peştûyî {{g|ps|لارغه}} (lā́rǧa), {{hv|sa|दीर्घ|tr=dīrghá}}, hindî [[दीर्घ]] (dīrgh), ûrdûyî {{g|ur|دیرگھ}} (dīrgh), {{hv|ru|до́лгий|tr=dólgiy}}, {{hv|bg|дълъг|tr=dǎlǎg}}, makedonî [[долг]] (dolg), {{hv|pl|długi}}, yûnanî [[δολιχός]] (dolixós)... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*dl̥h₁gʰós}}.

Herwiha têkilî peyva kurmancî ''[[dereng]] / [[direng]]'', {{hv|ckb|دره‌نگ|tr=direng}}, pehlewî ''drang'' (/dreng/), (ji vir pê ve bi maneya &quot;dirêj&quot;:) {{hv|la|longus}} (bi ketina D-ya destpêkê), {{hv|en|long}}, {{hv|pt|longo}}, {{hv|fr|long}}, {{hv|it|lungo}}, {{hv|es|luengo}}, romanî ''[[lung]]'', {{hv|en|long}}, almanî/danmarkî/holendî/{{hv|no|lang}}, {{hv|sv|lång}}... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*dlongʰos}}.

Guherîna L-ya hindûewropî bi R di zimanên îranî de diyardeyeke berbelav e. Binêrin bo nimûne: ''[[roj]], [[rîx]], [[rûvî]]''...

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Chyet}}
* {{Horn}}
* {{Lubotsky}}
* {{Ludwig}}
* {{Mallory2}}
* {{Pokorny}}
* {{Rastorgujeva}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: dirêj
* {{Z|sdh}}: dirêj
* {{Z|hac}}: dirêj
* {{Z|zza}}: [[derg]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ау}}, {{W-|ab|ахәхәа}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|lang}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|i [[gjatë]]}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|lang}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|lang}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|узун}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ረዥም}}
* {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arc|אריכא}}
* {{Z|aqc}}: {{W-|aqc|лаахаттут}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|lungu}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|দীঘল}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|llargu}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|халатаб}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|uzun}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|оҙон}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|lång}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|до́ўгі}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|দীর্ঘ}}, {{W-|bn|লম্বা}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|halaba}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W-|br|hir}}
* {{Z|kxd}}: {{W-|kxd|panjang}}
* {{Z|mbb}}: {{W-|mbb|melayat}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|дъ́лъг|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W-|my|ရှည်}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|урта}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|plawa}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|деха}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|dlouhý|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎦᏅᎯᏓ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|長|tr=coeng4}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|чон}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|長|tr=cháng}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|長|tr=dòng}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|вӑрӑм}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|luang}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|lang}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|уһун|tr=uhun}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|panjang}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|طَوِيل}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|طويل|n|tr=ṭawīl}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|طويل|n|tr=ṭwil}}, {{W-|ary|طويلة|m|tr=ṭwila}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|երկար}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|longa}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|pikk}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|ӈонам}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|ңоним}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|دراز|tr=derâz}}, {{W+|fa|طولانی|tr=tulâni}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|langur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|pitkä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W-|fr|long}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|lunc}}, {{W-|fur|lung}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|fada}}, {{W-|gd|a dh'fhaid}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|uzun}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|longo}}, {{W-|gl|longueiro}}, {{W-|gl|comprido}}, {{W-|gl|ambró}}
* {{Z|gay}}: {{W-|gay|naru}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გრძელი}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|long}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|loa}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W-|ha|dōgō}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|malayat}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|लम्बा}}, {{W-|hi|लंबा}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|ntev}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W-|nl|lang}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|ארוך|tr=aróx|cuda=ארוך \ אָרֹךְ}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|longa}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|ogologo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|long}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|pitkä}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|дӏаьха}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|longe}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|fada}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|fota}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|longo}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|lungo}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|langur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|長い|tr=ながい, nagai}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|dawa}}, {{W-|kaw|panjaṅ}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|dawa}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|ут}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|узун|tr=uzun}}
* {{Z|kaa}}: {{W-|kaa|uzın}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|dłudżi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|llarg}}, {{W+|ca|llong}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|suni}}
* {{Z|kjj}}: {{W-|kjj|вихаь}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|узун}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|දිගු}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|кузь}}
* {{Z|kpv}}: {{W-|kpv|кузь}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|길다}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|lungu}}
* {{Z|kpy}}: {{W-|kpy|нивʼлыӄин|tr=niwləqin}}
* {{Z|crk}}: {{W-|crk|ᑭᓄ|tr=[[kino-]]}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|узун}}
* {{Z|lld}}: {{W-|lld|lonch}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|lungo}}, {{W-|lad|largo}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|gars|n}}, {{W-|ltg|gara|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|longus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|garš}}, {{W-|lv|gara|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຍາວ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|გუნძე}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|йаргъи}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|ilgas}}, {{W-|lt|ilga|m}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|lóngh}}, {{W-|lmo|lungh}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦍᦱᧁ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|laang}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|lònk}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|malendu}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|долг}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|panjang}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|twil}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡤᠣᠯᠮᡳᠨ}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|aba}}
* {{Z|mns-nor}}: {{W-|mns-nor|хоса}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|roa}}, {{W-|mi|roroa|p}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|malendo}}, {{W-|mrw|malaba'}}, {{W-|mrw|malayat}}, {{W-|mrw|matas}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|लांब}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|кужу}}
*: {{Z|mrj}}: {{W-|mrj|кужы}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hosszú}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|გინძე}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|урт}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W+|nah|huehueyac|g}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|оними}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|luongo}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|लामो}}
* {{Z|xul}}: {{W-|xul|bamir}}
* {{Z|niv}}: {{W-|niv|кылдь}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|long}}, {{W-|nrf|laong}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|lang}}
* {{Z|cst}}: {{W-|cst|tsī́qau}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|long}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଦୀର୍ଘ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|dheeraa}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|даргъ}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|اوزون|tr=uzun}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئۇزۇن}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|uzun}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|اوږد|tr=uẓd}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|longh}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|lank}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|długi}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|longo}}, {{W+|pt|comprido}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|ұзын}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|roa}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|lóng}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|lung}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|lung}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|дли́нный}}
* {{Z|sgs}}: {{W-|sgs|ėlgs|n}}, {{W-|sgs|ėlga|m}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|दीर्घ}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|longu}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|longu}}
* {{Z|sid}}: {{W-|sid|seeda}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|ڊِگهو}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ду̏г}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|dȕg}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠟꠣꠝ꠆ꠛꠣ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|lang}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|дльгъ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|dlhý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|dȏlg}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|dheer}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|dłujki}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|dołhi}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|largo}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|paos}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ჯო̄დი}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|refu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|lång}}, {{W+|sv|långsmal}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ယၢဝ်း}}
* {{Z|xsr}}: {{W-|xsr|རིང་པུ|tr=ringpu}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|узун|tr=uzun}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|ярхи}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дароз}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|mahaba}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|நீளமான}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|lunghe}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|mahaba}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ยาว}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|uzun}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|озын}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|naruk}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|uzun}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|uzyn}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|རིང་པོ}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|pärkare}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|узун}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|бохо}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|кузь}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|لمبا|tr=lambā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|до́вгий}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|łóngo}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|dài}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|lunik}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|long}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|halaba}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|hir}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|узун}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|វែង}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|de}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|ван}}, {{W-|yai|дароз}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|уһун}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|לאַנג}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|gigun}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μακρύς}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|μακρός}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|lang}}, {{W-|zea|lank}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|raez}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|de-}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|long|oldid=75605250|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# {{g|ku|dirêj}}
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}</text>
      <sha1>1h0vmwpnpso7lg320ko3up5xk1aaccu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4532</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290878</id>
      <parentid>6242479</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290878</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7170" sha1="krckyiwnbkscs6x33tri0fss0373mt7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gav|mê}}
[[Wêne:Maldives 00133.JPG|thumb|Şûna '''gava''' kesekî.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[livîn]]eke [[kurt]] bi [[pî|piyan]] ango [[ling]]an, [[rakirin]]a [[pî|piyekî]] ango [[ling]]ekî û [[danîn]]a wî [[piçek]]ê [[pêşve]]tir
#: {{nm|ku|Çend '''gavan''' virve were.}}
# [[dûrahî|dûrahiya]] bi qasî gavekê
#: {{nm|ku|Bi bîst '''gavan''' dikarî xwe bigihînî mala me.}}
# [[meş]]ek pirr [[kurt]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ji [[vir]] ta [[wir]] '''gavek''' e.}}
# [[qonax]] yan [[merhele]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Gava''' sêyem di projeya me de.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گاڤ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|gam}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{mj|gava piyan}} [[pêngav]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gav dan&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|gav kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|gavdan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|gavkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|gava ku
|gavandin
|gav avêtin
|gav bi gav
|gavîn
|pêngav
|[[vê gavê]]: [[niha]]
|[[wê gavê]]: [[hingê]]
}}Ji mitrekê kêmtir.


==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*gʷem-|w=hatin}}, {{ji|ira-pro||-}} *'''gam''' (&quot;hatin&quot;) &gt; *'''ga'''-'''man'''- (&quot;gav&quot;), têkildarî ''gamen''- (&quot;gav&quot;) ya avestayî, ''gam'' ya farisî û zazakî, ''gaw'' ya soranî, [[गच्छति]] (gachhati) ya sanskrîtî, [[gimti]] (&quot;zan&quot;) ya lîtwanî, [[come]] (&quot;hatin&quot;) ya îngilîzî, [[kommen]] (&quot;hatin&quot;) ya almanî û [[komma]] (&quot;hatin&quot;) ya swêdî...

:&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.100]], [[Şablon:Horn|Horn p.198]], [[Şablon:Lubotsky|Lubotsky]]&lt;/font&gt;
:&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''[[hevreh|Hevreh]]''': [[zeman]], [[amayene]] ya zazakî, [[peyamber]]&lt;/font&gt; | &lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Pokorny:''' 463&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[gaw]], [[hengaw]]
* {{Z|sdh}}: [[gam]]
** Şêxbizinî: [[gam]]
* {{Z|hac}}: [[gam]]
* {{Z|zza}}: [[gam]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|pêngav, qedem}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|hap|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schritt|n}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|гали}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|addım}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|urrats}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|аҙым}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|крок|n}}, {{W-|be|шаг|n}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|قدم|tr=qadam}}, {{W-|bal|گام|tr=gám}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|стъ́пка|m}}, {{W+|bg|кра́чка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အလှမ်း}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|tepane}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|krok|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|步|tr=bù}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|puas|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|trit|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|langkah}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خُطْوَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|خَطْوَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|خطوة|m|tr=ḵaṭwa}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خطوة|m|tr=ḵaṭwa}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|քայլ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|paŝo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|samm}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|قَدَم|tr=qadam}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|fet|nt}}, {{W-|fo|stig|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|askel}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|pas|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|pas|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|paso|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ნაბიჯი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पद|n}}, {{W-|hi|क़दम|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|stap|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|צַעַד|n|tr=tsá'ad}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|pazo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|stæpe|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|steppe}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|step}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|harkkamus}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|passo|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|skref|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|足取り|tr=あしどり, ashidori}}, {{W+|ja|ステップ|tr=suteppu}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|langkah}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|jangkah}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|pas|n}}, {{W+|ca|passa|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|thatki}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|адым}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|걸음}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|kamm|n}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sūļs}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|passus|n}}, {{W+|la|gradus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|solis|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ກ້າວ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|žingsnis|n}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|pass|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|чекор|n}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|kesmad|n}}, {{W-|gv|caskeim|m}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|lépés}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|алхаа}}, {{W+|mn|алхам}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|skritt|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|pas|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|قەدەم}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qadam}}, {{W+|uz|odim}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|قدم|n|tr=qadam}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Schrett|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|krok|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|passo}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|қадам}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|pass|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|pas|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|шаг|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|पद|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|passu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ко̏ра̄к|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|kȍrāk|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|krok|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|korȃk|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|paso|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|hatua}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|steg|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|қадам}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ก้าว}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|адым}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|adım}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ädim}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|قَدَم|n|tr=qadam}}, {{W-|ur|پَد|n|tr=pad}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|крок|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|paso|n}}, {{W-|vec|pas|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bước}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cam|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ជំហាន}}
* {{Z|yka}}: {{W-|yka|tekang}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שריט|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|βήμα|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|βάσις|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|step|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76005115}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dem]], [[çax]], [[wext]], [[zeman]], [[kat]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Gava''' ku ez hatim, tu ne li malê bûyî.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Gava''' Ferzend çav li çente ket, destê xwe dirêjî wî kir û jê xwest.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# [[bîsk]], [[kêlîk]], [[kurtedem]], [[dem]]ek [[kurt]]
#: {{nm|ku|Were '''gavekê''' rûne.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Dibêjim wer cebel bit ew&lt;/br&gt;Bi ker bit wê di '''gavê''' da&lt;/br&gt;Heçî firqet nedî hicran}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Têkildarî ''[[geh]]'', [[-ga]] / [[-ge]] ya soranî, {{g|fa|گاه|tr=-gah}} ya farisî, ''gah'' ya pehlewî, ''gaθu-'' ya farisiya kevn, ''-gatu'' ya avestayî, [[गात]] (gatu) ya sanskrîtî, [[гать]] (gati: [[rêk]]) ya rusî, [[гат]]/[[gat]] ya sirbî, [[hať]] ya slovakî, hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} ... . [[գահ]] (gah) ya ermenî ji zimanekî îranî hatiye deynkirin. Bo V di kurmancî de beramberî H di farisî de, bidin ber kurmancî ''[[kovî]]/[[kûvî]]'' û ''[[kevn]]'' miqabilî farisî {{g|fa|کوهی|tr=kuhî}} û {{g|fa|کهنتر|tr=kohan}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|[[vê gavê]], [[vê gavkê]]
|[[wê gavê]], [[wê gavkê]]
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|dem, wext, zeman|dem}}
{{werger-bnr|bîsk, kêlîk, kurtedem|bîsk}}

== {{ziman|da}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|da}}
# [[dema borî]] ji lêkera [[ge]] ([[dan]])
#* {{bêmînak|da}}

== {{ziman|rom}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|rom|z=n}}
# {{f|rom|erdnîgarî}} [[gund#ku|gund]]
#* {{bêmînak|rom}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|sv}}
# [[dema borî]] ji lêkera [[ge]] ([[dan]])
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}</text>
      <sha1>krckyiwnbkscs6x33tri0fss0373mt7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>înan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4549</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290879</id>
      <parentid>6290357</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290879</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4442" sha1="h1ohiacwei76px5k95islrgfox5xc5b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/iːˈnʌːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte|înan}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=gh}}
# (''devkî'') [[anîn]]; tiştek yan kesek ji derek dûrtir [[gihandin]] derek nêzîktir; di gel kesekê/î yan tiştekê/î [[hatin]]; bi kesekê/î yan tiştekê/î re [[hatin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ji kerema xwe, bo min perdaqek avê '''bîne'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hevalên xwe jî li gel xwe '''bînin'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئینان}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Qemer hat rast-i perw'''înan'''&lt;/br&gt;Ji bo xemlê şemal '''înan'''&lt;/br&gt;Me nêrgiz dîn di nesr'''înan'''}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* (''nivîskî'') [[anîn]]
* (''devokî'') [[hênan]], [[hanîn]], [[ênan]], [[hînan]]
* (''klasîk'') {{g|ku|sc=Arab|آنین|tr=anîn}}, {{g|ku|sc=Arab|اینان|tr=înan}}

==== Tewîn ====
* [[-în-]]
* (''devokî'') [[-ên-]], [[-hên-]]

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|birin}}

==== Biwêj ====
* anîn dinyayê:
* anîn holê:
* anîn serê kesekê/î:
* anîn [[ûştewîşt]]ê:
* bi kar anîn

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|deranîn
|înan kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|înankirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|înankirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji navgira ''[[anîn]]'' (''[[-în-]]'') çêbûye, peyvek [[arî]] anku îranî ya ku herwiha serekaniya [[hênan]] ya soranî, [[ardene]] ya zazakî, ''averden'' ya farisî, ''biyarden'' ya [[mezenderanî]]. Bi pehlewî [[âwurden]] bû, bi avesta [[âberten]], bi soranî û kurmancî [[-awr-]] ji [[-an-]]ê diguhere, bi zazakî wek [[-ar-]] dimîne.

==== Peyvên jêçêbûyî ====
* kurmanciya rojavayî: [[înan]]
** reşwî: [[înan]] (''hilatî'') ~ [[(w)înan]] (hin nimûne ji bo tewandina vê lêkerê: ''ez tînim; ez nînim (ez nayînim); min wîna (min îna); min nîna (min neyîna); wîne (bîne); mîne (meyîne); ê wîni (dê bînit); ê nîni (dê neyînit)'')

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|meebring}}, {{W|af|saambring}}, {{W|af|bring}}, {{W|af|aanbring}}, {{W|af|aandra}}, {{W|af|aandraag}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|bringen}}, {{W|de|mitbringen}}, {{W|de|mitnehmen}}, {{W|de|anbringen}}, {{W|de|eintragen}}, {{W|de|heranbringen}}, {{W|de|überbringen}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|donésti}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|bringe}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|bawa}}, {{W|id|membawa}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإستجلاب|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الإستحضار|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|التحضیر|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|أورد|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|alporti}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|اوردن}}, {{W|fa|آوردن}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|hava við}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|tuoda}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|apporter}}, {{W|fr|amener}}, {{W|fr|emporter}}, {{W|fr|emmener}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|oanbringe}}, {{W|fy|oandrage}}, {{W|fy|tatôgje}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|thoir}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|brengen}}, {{W|nl|bijeenbrengen}}, {{W|nl|meebrengen}}, {{W|nl|meenemen}}, {{W|nl|medenemen}}, {{W|nl|medebrengen}}, {{W|nl|aandragen}}, {{W|nl|bezorgen}}, {{W|nl|aanbrengen}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W|ang|brengan}}, {{W|ang|bringan}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|bring}}, {{W|en|fetching}}, {{W|en|fetch|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|portare}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|もっていく}} () (motteiku), {{W|ja|もってくる}} () (mottekuru)
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|portar}}, {{W|ca|portar a}}, {{W|ca|aportar}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|adducere}}, {{W|la|ferre}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W|lv|atnest}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|ambil ... mengambil}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W|yua|taasik}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|odavisz}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|bringe}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|hiba}}, {{W|pap|trese}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|przynieść}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|trazer}}, {{W|pt|levar consigo}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|aduce}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|принести}} (priniésti), {{W|ru|забирать}} (zabirat'), {{W|ru|забрать}} (zabrat')
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W|srn|tyari}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|traer}}, {{W|es|llevar}}, {{W|es|aportar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|medbringa}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|dalhín}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|dalhín}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|getirmek}}, {{W|tr|celp etmek}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W|grc|ἄγω}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W|zu|-letha}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|înan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{bnr2|îman}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|zza}}
# [[wan]]
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}
# pirjimar a tewandî
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}</text>
      <sha1>h1ohiacwei76px5k95islrgfox5xc5b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>birin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4551</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290880</id>
      <parentid>6099610</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290880</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6006" sha1="aslxfl0gjnysvmczdddzgv1l1m700o5" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|birîn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-birin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|birin|form=gerguhêz|niha=b|borî=bir}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# Ji [[der]]ek [[nêz]]tir [[gihandin]] derek [[dûr]]tir, [[dûr xistin]], [[derxistin]], [[dûr kirin]], &lt;br /&gt; li gel kesekê/î yan tiştekê/î [[çûn]], bi kesekê/î yan tiştekê/î re [[çûn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Vê nameyê ji wî re '''bibe'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hevalên xwe jî li gel xwe '''bibin'''.}}
# Yek [[gehandin]] derekê bi [[tirumpêl]].
#: {{nm|ku|Min '''bibe''' sûkê bêzehmet.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Sibikbaran-i sahilha«&lt;br /&gt;Me ra ji ewwel çi '''bir''' xamî&lt;br /&gt;Kişand axir bi bednamî}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|برن}}

==== Tewîn ====
* {{g|ku|-b-}}
* (''devokî'') [[-be-]]
* (''kevnar'') [[-bir-]]

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|anîn}}
* {{g|ku|hênan}}
* {{g|ku|înan}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|birin kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|birinkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|birinbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|derbirin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{g|ku|bar}} ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *'''b&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;er-''' (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''bar'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{ae}}: '''bar'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{peo}}: '''bar'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{xpr}}: '''br'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{pal}}: '''br'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{sog}}: '''br'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{fa}}: '''burdan''' برد ن / '''bar'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{bal}}: '''burt''' / '''bar'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{xun}}: '''birt''' / '''bir'''- (&quot;birin&quot;) ... {{ir}},
{{kmr}}: '''birin''' / '''bi'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{ckb}}: '''[[birdin]]'''برد ن (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{hac}}: '''[[berday]]''' / '''bar'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{zza}}: '''[[berdene]]''', '''[[berdiş]]''' / '''ber'''- (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{sa}}: '''bhar-''' (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{el}}: '''pherin''' (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{la}}: '''ferre''' (&quot;birin&quot;),
{{en}}: '''bear''' (&quot;[[hilgirtin]]), [[bring]] (&quot;[[anîn]]&quot;),
{{de}}: [[bringen]] (birin; [[anîn]])

;Çavkanî:
{{biçûk|
* {{Cheung|r=100}}
* {{Watkins|r=33}}
* {{Pokorny|r=464}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|birdin|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: {{W-|sdh|birdin}}
* {{Z|lki}}: {{W-|lki|birdin|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|hac}}: {{W-|hac|berdey|sc=Latn}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|bringen}}, {{W+|de|entfernen}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|scot}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|kendu}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|hali}}, {{W-|bcl|tangkas}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|отстранявам}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|odebrat}}, {{W+|cs|odstranit}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|除去|tr=chúqù}}, {{W+|cmn|消除|tr=xiāochú}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|scutro}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|fjerne}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|نَقَلَ}}, {{W-|ar|أَزَالَ}}, {{W-|ar|أَخْرَجَ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|forigi}}, {{W-|eo|forpreni}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ottaa}}, {{W+|fi|poistaa}}, {{W+|fi|siirtää}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|enlever}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|rimovi}}, {{W-|fur|eliminâ}}, {{W-|fur|jevâ}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|quitar}}, {{W-|gl|extraer}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌿𐍃𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|हटाना|sc=Deva}}, {{W-|hi|अलग करना|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verwijderen}}, {{W+|nl|weghalen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|הסיר|tr=hesír}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|āfierran}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|take away}}, {{W+|en|remove}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|scaoil}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|rimuovere}}, {{W+|it|asportare}}, {{W+|it|levare}}, {{W+|it|togliere}}, {{W-|it|portare via}}, {{W+|it|estirpare}}, {{W+|it|eradicare}}, {{W+|it|allontanare}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|移す|tr=utsusu}}, {{W+|ja|除く|tr=nozoku}}, {{W+|ja|取り去る|tr=torisaru}}, {{W+|ja|退ける|tr=dokeru, nokeru}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|treure}}, {{W+|ca|llevar}},{{W+|ca|retirar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|hurquy}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|치우다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|removeō}}, {{W+|la|auferō}}, {{W+|la|adimō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|noņemt}}, {{W-|lv|aizvākt}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|šalinti}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|karokaro}}, {{W-|mi|tauwehe}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|eltávolít}}, {{W+|hu|elmozdít}}, {{W+|hu|elvesz}}, {{W+|hu|kivesz}}, {{W+|hu|levesz}}, {{W+|hu|elvisz}}, {{W+|hu|leszed}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|fjerne}}, {{W-|no|ta bort}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|levar}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|usuwać|impf}}, {{W+|pl|usunąć|pf}}, {{W+|pl|odejmować|impf}}, {{W+|pl|odjąć|pf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|remover}}, {{W+|pt|tirar}}, {{W+|pt|retirar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|аластау|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|allontanar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|scoate}}, {{W+|ro|îndepărta}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|устраня́ть}}, {{W+|ru|убира́ть}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W-|sa|जिहर्ति}}, {{W-|sa|हरति}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|iscotare}}, {{W-|sc|istejare}}, {{W-|sc|istesare}}, {{W-|sc|trancire}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|livari}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|odstraniti|pf}}, {{W-|sl|odstranjevati|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|quitar}}, {{W+|es|remover}}, {{W+|es|detraer}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|avlägsna}}, {{W+|sv|ta bort}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|alisin}}, {{W-|tl|tanggalin}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ลบ}}, {{W+|th|ถอด}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|తీయు}}, {{W+|te|తొలగించు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|götürmek}}, {{W+|tr|kaldırmak}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|rutk-}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|відноси́ти|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|віднести́|pf|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|chuyển đi}}, {{W-|vi|dọn đi}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|rissaetchî}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|យកចេញ|tr=yɔɔ kɑɑ cəɲ, yɔɔk cəɲ|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|βγάζω}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|remove|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75515551}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|birin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[neqilkirin]], [[dûrxistin]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''birina''' sewalan bo çerînê}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Übermittlung|m}}, {{W+|de|Übertragung|m}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|götürme}}, {{W+|tr|taşıma}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>aslxfl0gjnysvmczdddzgv1l1m700o5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>firîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4592</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290881</id>
      <parentid>6290229</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290881</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4934" sha1="czoqhzmvbrju8icjmrswg98zift90z8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* fi[[ř]]în, firrîn
* {{IPA|ku|/fɪ'ri:n/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-firîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|firîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=fir|borî=firî|borî2=firiya}}
[[Wêne:Flying Falcon.jpg|thumb|[[baz|Bazek]] '''difire'''.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}}
# Li [[hewa]] [[meşîn]], li hewa [[livîn]], li hewa [[hatin]] û [[çûn]], li hewa ji derekê [[gihiştin]] derek din.
#: {{nm|ku|Ma fîl jî '''difirin'''?!}}
# [[rabûn|Rabûn]] hewa û li hewa çûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Baz ji cihê xwe '''firî''' û hinda bû.}}
# Bi [[firoke]]yê [[hatin]] yan [[çûn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ji Almanyayê '''firîn''' Kurdistanê.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|firrîn}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فڕین}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|pirîn}}

==== Bide ber====
* {{g|ku|birîn}}
* {{g|ku|fûrîn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|firandin
|firgeh
|firinde
|firok
|firoke
|firokegeh
|firokexane
|firvan
|firvanî
|hilfirîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|فڕین|tr=firrîn}}, [[kurdiya başûrî]] [[perrîn]], [[şahzênî]] / [[şêxbizinî]] [[perandin]], [[elperandin]], zazakî [[firrayene]], [[perrayene]], hewramî [[firrey]], farisî {{g|fa|پریدن}} (perîden), pehlewî ''perîten'', [[hevreh]]ên din ya kurmancî [[fir]], [[per]], [[pel]](ên daran), [[pelg]], [[belg]], sanskrîtî [[पत्त्र]] (pettre: per), rusî [[перо́ ]](peró: per), yûnaniya kevn [[πτερόν]] (ptêron: per, çeng, bask), lîtwanî [[sparnas]] (firîn), îngilîziya kevn û navîn [[feþer]] (per), îngilîziya nû [[feather]] (per), almanî [[Feder]], latînî [[penna]] (&lt; *petna)... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[péth₂r̥]] ([[per]], [[bask]], [[çeng]]) ji *[[peth₂-]] (firîn) e ku serekaniya avestayî [[𐬞𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌]] (peteyti: firîn), sanskrîtî [[पतति]] (peteti: firîn), latînî [[petō]] (firîn)... e. [[ფრენა]] (prêna) ya gurcî belkî ji îranî be lê ji ber dengê firînê di gelek zimanan de ew bi dengekê wek &quot;per-&quot; e: bo nimûne aramî [[ܦܪܚ]] (prex), îbranî [[פרח]] (pirex). Tevî ku &quot;firîn&quot; ya kurdî dişibe &quot;[[fly]]&quot; ya îngilîzî û [[voler]] ya fransî jî, ew ne [[hevreh]] in. Heta niha di hin peyvên îranî yan hindûewropî de P di bin tesîra erebî de dibû F (bo nimûne: [[fisteq]] ji [[piste]], bi pehlewî ''pisteg''). Lê di &quot;firîn&quot;ê de ne ji tesîra erebî ye ji ber ku ew peyv neketiye erebî. Heman diyardeya guherîna P bi F bi awayekê gelek berbelavtir di zimanên germenî de diyar e. Bo nimûne kurdî &quot;[[pênc]]&quot; lê almanî [[fünf]], swêdî [[fem]] û îngilîzî [[five]].

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|firayene}}, perayene, fir, dayene, raperayene

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|fliegen}}, {{W|de|Abflug}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Flug}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Flattern}}, {{W|de|Fliehen}}, {{W|de|abfliegen}}, {{W|de|aufwinden}}, {{W|de|flattern}}, {{W|de|fliehen}}, {{W|de|in die Höhe ragen}}, {{W|de|verfliegen}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|飛}}, {{W|zh|飞}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|flyve}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|terbang}}, {{W|id|layang}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|طار|tr=țare}}, {{W|ar|الطیران|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|تحليق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|طيران|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|lendama}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|پرواز کردن|tr=pervaz kerden}}, [[پریدن]] (perîden), {{W|fa|پریدن}}, {{W|fa|پرواز}}, {{W|fa|جست}}, {{W|fa|بر فشاندن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|lentää}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|voler}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W|gn|veve}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|vliegen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|טס}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W|io|flugar}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W|ilo|agtayab}}
* {{Z|en}}: (to) [[fly]], {{W|en|flight}}, {{W|en|levitate}}, {{W|en|skirr}}, {{W|en|soar}}, {{W|en|volatilize}}, {{W|en|whirr}}, {{W|en|whirring}}, {{W|en|take wing}}, {{W|en|flit}}, {{W|en|flutier|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|flutter|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|flypast|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|levitating|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|volatilization|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|volare}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|飛ぶ|tr=[[とぶ]], tobu}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|latać}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|voar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|zbura}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|летать}}, {{W|ru|лететь}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|letjeti}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|lietať}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|volar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|flyga}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|lumupad}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|uçmak}}, {{W|tr|kırılmak}}, {{W|tr|uçma}}, {{W|tr|uçum|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|uçuş|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|havalanma|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W|tpi|flai}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W|tpn|bebé}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|firîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# {{g|ku|firîn}}, [[firiyan]]
#* {{bênimûne|ckb}}</text>
      <sha1>czoqhzmvbrju8icjmrswg98zift90z8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cuda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4628</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290882</id>
      <parentid>6262113</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290882</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11615" sha1="t9tel5tigmortsgheqw3j0l3iopd4hd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-cuda.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|cuda}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[cihê]], [[ne mîna hev]], ne [[wek]] [[hevdu]], ne [[şibî]] [[êkdu]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew hemî eynî ne lê ev '''cuda''' ye.}}
# [[cihê]], ne bi [[hev]] re, ne li [[gel]] hev, ne li [[gelêk]], ne [[pêkve]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew û jina xwe '''cuda''' bûne.|Êdî bi hev re najîn.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Her yekî tesbîhekî xas û '''cuda'''&lt;br /&gt;Daîma tesbîh dixwendin bo Xuda}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|cida}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|cihê
|ciya
|ferq
|têvel
}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|eynî
|bi hev re
|mîna
|pevre
|pêkve
|şibî
|têkde
|li gelêk
|wek
|wekhev
|yek
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|cuda kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|cuda bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|cuda girtin
|cudakirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|cudabûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|cudagirtin
|cudakirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|cudagirtî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|cudaber
|cudaberî
|cudagir
|cudagirî
|cudahî
|cudakar
|cudakarî
|cudaker
|cudakerî
|cudatî
|cudaxwaz
|cudaxwazî
|ferqûcudahî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji|ira-pro||-}} *'''yew'''- (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:[[avestayî]]: '''yuta-''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:{{xpr}}: '''yud''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:{{pal}}: '''cudî''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:{{fa}}: '''cuda''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:{{bal}}: '''cita''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:{{kmr}}: '''cihê''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:{{ckb}}: '''ciya''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)
:{{zza}}: '''ciya''' (&quot;cuda&quot;)

Peyva ''cuda'' ji farisî [[جدا]] &quot;cuda&quot; hatiye deynkirin. Peyva resen a kurmancî ''[[cihê]]'' ye.

Bo hin nimûneyên din jî, ku tê de &quot;y&quot; dibe &quot;c&quot;, binere: [[cejn]], [[cihû]].
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.216]]&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;''' Ji eynî rehî: [[cihê]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[ciya]], [[ciyawaz]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|ne eynî}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|verschieden}}, {{W+|de|unterschiedlich}}, {{W+|de|different}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|башка}}, {{W-|alt|экинчизи}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বেলেগ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|diferente}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|başqa}}, {{W+|az|ayrı}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|башҡа|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|ba|бүтән|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|ba|икенсе|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|і́ншы|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|be|адро́зны|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bho}}: {{W-|bho|अलग}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|disheñvel}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|друг|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|bg|разли́чен|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|တခြား|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|odlišný}}, {{W+|cs|jiný}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏄᏓᎴᎢ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|唔同|tr=m4 tung4}} {{W-|yue|唔一樣|tr=m4 jat1 joeng6}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|無共樣|tr=mò-khiung-yong}}, {{W-|hak|無共款|tr=mò-khiung-khuán}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|不一樣|tr=bùyīyàng}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|無仝款|tr=bô-kāng-khoán, bô-kâng-khoán}}, {{W+|nan|無仝|tr=bô-kāng, bô-kâng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|forskellig}}, {{W-|da|anderledes}}, {{W-|da|ulig}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|beda}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مُخْتَلِف}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|مُخْتَلِف|tr=muḵtalif}}, {{W-|acw|غير|tr=ḡēr}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|مختلف|tr=maḵtalef}}, {{W-|ary|مغاير|tr=mḡāyir}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տարբեր}}, {{W+|hy|ուրիշ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|nesama}}, {{W-|eo|malsama}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|erinev}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|øðrvísi}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erilainen}}, {{W+|fi|toisenlainen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|différent}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|eadar-dhealaichte}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|diferente}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სხვა}}, {{W-|ka|სხვანაირი}}, {{W-|ka|განსხვავებული|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|სხვაგვარი|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|diferan}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|ʻokoʻa}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|अलग}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verschillend}}, {{W+|nl|anders}}, {{W+|nl|ongelijk}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שונה|n|tr=shoné}}, {{W+|he|שונה|m|tr=shoná}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|diferanta}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|unġelīċ}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|different}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|different}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|distincte}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|éagsúil}}, {{W-|ga|difriúil}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|differente}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|öðruvísi}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|異なる|tr=ことなる, kotonaru}}, {{W+|ja|違う|tr=ちがう, chigau}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|diferent}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|다른}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|dihaval}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|differens}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|atšķirīgs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ອື່ນ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|skirtingas}}, {{W-|lt|kitoks}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|verschidden}}, {{W-|lb|ongläich}}, {{W-|lb|ënnerschiddlech}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|различен|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|mk|поинаков|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|mk|друг|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|വ്യത്യസ്ത}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|beza}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|differenti}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠠᡩᠠᠯᡳ ᠠᡴᡡ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᡝᠮᡠ ᠠᡴᡡ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kē}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|hela’an}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|eltérő}}, {{W+|hu|különböző}}, {{W+|hu|más}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|difféthent}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|forskjellig}}, {{W+|nb|ulik}}, {{W+|nb|annerledes}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|forskjellig}}, {{W-|nn|ulik}}, {{W-|nn|annleis}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|diferent}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|różny}}, {{W+|pl|inny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|diferente|n|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|diferit}}, {{W+|ro|deosebit}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|друго́й}}, {{W-|ru|[[не]] [[тако́й]] [[как]]}}, {{W+|ru|отли́чный}} + [[от]], {{W+|ru|ино́й}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|други}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|drugi}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|odlišný}}, {{W+|sk|druhý}}, {{W-|sk|iný}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|drugačen}}, {{W+|sl|drugi}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|diferente}}, {{W+|es|distinto}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|tofauti}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|olik}}, {{W+|sv|annorlunda}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|iba}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|อื่น}}, {{W+|th|ต่าง}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ayrı}}, {{W+|tr|farklı}}, {{W+|tr|değişik}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|narakain}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|āläṃ}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|الگ|tr=alag|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|і́нший|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|uk|відмі́нний|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|difarente}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|khác}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwahanol}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פֿאַרשיידן|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|yi|פֿאַרשידן}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|διαφορετικός|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|διάφορος}}, {{W-|grc|ἀλλοῖος}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|1@BackFinger-FingerAcross-1@CenterChesthigh-FingerAcross 1@SideChesthigh-1@SideChesthigh}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|ne wek piraniya yên din}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|anders}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|[[başqa]] [[cür]]}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|башҡа|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ро́зны|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|be|і́ншы|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|jiný}}, {{W+|cs|odlišný}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|不同|tr=bùtóng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|anderledes}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|آٰخَر}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տարբեր}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|eriline}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erilainen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W+|fi|poikkeuksellinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|différent}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსხვავებული}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|diferan}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|anders}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שונה|n|tr=shoné}}, {{W+|he|שונה|m|tr=shoná}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|diferanta}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|unġelīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|different}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|differente}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特異|tr=とくい, tokui}}, {{W+|ja|変わる|cuda=変わった|tr=かわった, kawatta}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|diferent}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຕ່າງ}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|поинаков|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|വ്യത്യസ്ത}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|eltérő}}, {{W+|hu|különböző}}, {{W+|hu|más}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|difféthent}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|annerledes}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|annleis}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|odmienny}}, {{W+|pl|niezwykły}}, {{W+|pl|rozmaity}}, {{W+|pl|inny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|diferente}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|diferit}}, {{W+|ro|deosebit}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ра́зный}}, {{W+|ru|разли́чный}}, {{W+|ru|друго́й}}, {{W+|ru|ино́й}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|разан}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|razan}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|drugačen}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|diferente}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|annorlunda}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ต่าง}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|başka}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|narakain}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|рі́зний|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|uk|і́нший|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwahanol}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ខុស|tr=kʰoh|sc=Khmr}}, {{W+|km|ប្លែក|tr=plaek|sc=Khmr}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|jê veqetandî, ne pê re/ve}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|geskeide}}, {{W-|af|aparte}}, {{W-|af|afgesonderde}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|einzeln}}, {{W+|de|getrennt}}, {{W+|de|separat}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|башка}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|সুকীয়া}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|айырым}}, {{W-|ba|башҡа}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асо́бны}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|отде́лен}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|分開的|tr=[[fēnkāi]] [[de]]}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|янракэн|tr=janrakėn}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُنْفَصِل}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|مَفْصول|tr=mafṣūl}}, {{W-|acw|مُفَرَّق|tr=mufarrag}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|առանձին}}, {{W+|hy|անջատ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|malkuna}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erillinen}}, {{W+|fi|eri}}, {{W+|fi|irtonainen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|séparé|n}}, {{W+|fr|séparée|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|xebre}}, {{W-|gl|estremado}}, {{W-|gl|separado}}, {{W-|gl|avulso}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|अलग}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|afzonderlijk}}, {{W+|nl|gescheiden}}, {{W+|nl|afgezonderd}}, {{W+|nl|afgezonderde}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|separate}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|separato|n}}, {{W+|it|separata|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|aðkilinn}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|分れた|tr=わかれた, wakareta}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|separat}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|개개|cuda=개개의}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|distinctus}}, {{W-|la|sēcrētus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|nahenahe}}, {{W-|mi|tūwehe}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|külön}}, {{W+|hu|különálló}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|بېل|tr=bel}}, {{W+|ps|جلا|tr=jëlâ}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|oddzielny}}, {{W+|pl|osobny|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|separado}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਅਲਹਿਦਾ}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|separat|n|nt}}, {{W-|ro|separată|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|отде́льный}}, {{W+|ru|обосо́бленный}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|separado}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|avskild}}, {{W-|sv|skiljd}}, {{W+|sv|separat}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|பிரி}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|విడి}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ayrı}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|الگ|tr=alag}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|окре́мий}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|gwahan}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|separate|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75701032}}


:{{werger çavkanî|en|different|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75403518}}


:{{werger çavkanî|en|different|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75403518}}

== {{ziman|scn}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|scn}}
# {{g|ku|dûvik}}, {{g|ku|kurî}}, {{g|ku|terî}}, {{g|ku|boçik}}
#* {{bêmînak|scn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|scn|dûvik}}</text>
      <sha1>t9tel5tigmortsgheqw3j0l3iopd4hd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cihê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4630</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290883</id>
      <parentid>6091425</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290883</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3947" sha1="2pxk7jdgbdl40yl7qa9nch3nharzqce" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-cihê.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|cihê}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ne [[mîna]] [[hev]], ne [[wek]] [[hevdu]], ne [[şibî]] [[êkdu]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew hemî eynî ne lê ev '''cihê''' ye.}}
# Ne bi [[hev]] re, ne li [[gel]] hev, ne li [[gelêk]], ne [[pêkve]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew û jina xwe '''cihê''' bûne..|Êdî bi hev re najîn.}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{stûn|
* {{g|ku|cida}}
* {{g|ku|cuda}}
* {{g|ku|ciya}}
* {{g|ku|ferq}}
* {{g|ku|têvel}}
* {{g|ku|ciyawaz}}
* {{g|ku|cihêwaz}}
* {{g|ku|felq}}
* {{g|ku|cêwaz}}
}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{stûn|
* {{g|ku|eynî}}
* {{g|ku|bi hev re}}
* {{g|ku|mîna}}
* {{g|ku|pevre}}
* {{g|ku|pêkve}}
* {{g|ku|şibî}}
* {{g|ku|têkde}}
* li [[gelêk]]
* {{g|ku|wek}}
* {{g|ku|wekhev}}
* {{g|ku|yek}}
* {{g|ku|yeksan}}
* {{g|ku|heman}}
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|cihê bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|cihê kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|cihêbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|cihêkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|cihêgirtin
|cihêkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|cihêbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|cihêber
|cihêberî
|cihêkar
|cihêkarî
|cihêker
|cihêkerî
|cihêxwaz
|cihêxwazî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji forma [[kevn]]tir [[cuda]], [[hevreh]]a {{hv|ckb|جیا}}, {{hv|zza|ciya}}, {{hv|fa|جدا|tr=cuda}} (&gt;kurdî [[cuda]]), {{hv|pal|ywdtʾk'|tr=cudag|w=cihê}}, {{hv|ae|𐬫𐬏𐬙𐬀|tr=yûte}}, ji [[proto-îranî|pêş-îranîkî]] {{g|ira-pro|*yutáh|tr=yuteh}}, ji [[pêş]]-[[hind]][[û]][[îranî]]kî {{g|iir-pro|*yutás}}, [[gengaz]] e ku ji [[proto-hindûewropî|pêş-hindûewropî]] {{g|ine-pro|*yew-|w=[[bestin]], [[girê dan]]}} [[lê]] ew [[binîqaş]] e.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|ciya|sc=Latn}}, [[ciyawaz]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|verskillend}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|entfernt}}, {{W+|de|Einzahl|m}}, {{W+|de|einzeln}}, {{W+|de|verschieden}}, {{W+|de|verschiedenartig}}, {{W+|de|unterschiedlich}}, {{W+|de|abweichend|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|ausgeprägt|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|diskontinuierlich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|eigenartig|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|forskellig}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|aneka}}, {{W+|id|beda}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مختلف|tr=muxtelif}}, [[منفصل]] (munfeṣil)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|malsimila}}, {{W-|eo|malsama}}, {{W-|eo|diferenca}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جدا}}, {{W+|fa|متفاوت}}, {{W+|fa|مجرد}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|ymiskur}}, {{W-|fo|ólíkur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erilainen}}, {{W+|fi|erillään}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|différent}}, {{W+|fr|distinct}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|ongelijk}}, {{W+|nl|verschillend}}, {{W+|nl|uiteenlopend}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|diversa}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|separate}}; [[distinct]], {{W+|en|different}}, {{W+|en|dissimilar}}, {{W+|en|characteristic}}, {{W+|en|discontinuous}}, {{W+|en|discrepant}}, {{W+|en|distinguishing}}, {{W+|en|diverse}}, {{W+|en|removed}}, {{W+|en|unlike}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|differente}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|ólíkur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|違う|R=chigau}}, {{W+|ja|異なる|R=kotonaru}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|distint}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|다른}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|absimilis}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|hela’an}}, {{W-|yua|u heel}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|forskjellig}}, {{W+|no|ulik}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|diferente}}, {{W-|pap|distinto}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|odmienny}}, {{W+|pl|inny}}, {{W+|pl|różny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|diferente}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|diferente}}, {{W+|es|distinto}}, {{W-|es|disferente}}, {{W+|es|divergente}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|olik}}, {{W+|sv|olika}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|ibá}}, {{W-|tl|magkaibá}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ayrı}}, {{W+|tr|değişik}}, {{W+|tr|farklı}}, {{W+|tr|münferit}}, {{W+|tr|müteferrik}}, {{W+|tr|cüda}}, {{W+|tr|müstakil|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{ku-tew-nav|cih|nêr|îzafe|binavkirî}}
{{navdêr|ku|form=erê|z=n}}
# {{formeke peyvê|ku|cih||îzafe|binavkirî|yekjimar}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cihê''' min xweş e.}}</text>
      <sha1>2pxk7jdgbdl40yl7qa9nch3nharzqce</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4723</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290884</id>
      <parentid>6274771</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290884</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23061" sha1="5tzgepuvw42djqcen5qajgt6bgx683p" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-nav.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nav|nêr}}
[[Wêne:GD-EG-Karnak040.JPG|thumb|Di nivîsîna [[misrî|misriya]] kevn de [[çember]]ek li dor '''navên''' kesan dihat [[xêz]]kirin.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[peyv|Peyva]] ku kesek pê tê [[nasîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|— '''Navê''' te çi ye?&lt;br&gt;— '''Navê''' min Elî ye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Herçi [[bîvêr]]ê ku '''navê''' dilberê bêtin li ser, &lt;br&gt;Xweş dibit [[hadir]] di gavê bêguman û şubhe ye.|Melayê Cizîrî: ''Dilberê Serdarê Xuba''}}
# [[peyv|Peyveke]] [[taybet]] ku [[welat]], [[bajar]]ek an [[dever]]eke din pê tê [[nasîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Navê''' paytextê Spanyayê çi ye? — Madrîd e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Navê''' gundê me Bêxebar bû.}}
# [[peyv|Peyveke]] [[taybet]] ku [[heywan]]ek pê tê nasîn.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Navê''' kûçikê wan Beşo ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ma we ti '''nav''' li [[pisîk]]a xwe nekirine?}}
# [[peyv|Peyva]] ku [[tişt]]ek an [[heyber]]ek pê tê [[nasîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|— '''Navê''' van gulan çi ye?&lt;br&gt;— '''Navê''' wan beybûn e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|— '''Navê''' vî amûrî bi kurdî çi ye?&lt;br&gt;— '''Navê''' wî çekûç e.}}
# [[navûdeng]], [[navdarî]], [[meşhûrî]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Dûr bû ji wî zad û te’am, &lt;br&gt;Xizmet dikir daim mudam, &lt;br&gt;'''Navê''' wî çûbû şerq û şam, &lt;br&gt;Kamil ji qedr û qîmetê |Feqiyê Teyran: ''Bersîsê Abid''}}
# {{f|ku|rêziman}} [[navdêr|Navdêr]].

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Ma li ser lewhê nivîsî dem bi dem&lt;br&gt;Serxweş û şukranê Wî '''navê''' şêrîn&lt;br /&gt;Paşî bi ilhamê Rebb-il 'alemîn}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|naw||hin deverên [[kurmanciya rojhilatî]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ناڤ}}
* {{ku-kr|нав}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol2|ku|cure=Jê
|bernav
|bênav
|bênavî
|binav
|binavûdeng
|binavûdengî
|devernav
|jêrnav
|jornav
|kesnav
|navdar
|navdarî
|navûdeng
|navûdengdar
|navûdengî
|sernav
|nav kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|nav dan&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|nav girtin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|navdan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|navçûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|navgirtin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|navdayî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|navbirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*h₁nómn̥}}. Hevreha {{hv|ckb|ناو‎}}, {{hv|sdh|naw}}, {{hv|lki|nam|sc=Latn}}, {{hv|hac|name|sc=Latn}}, {{hv|zza|name}}, belûçî û {{hv|fa|نام|tr=nam}}, tacikî û {{hv|os|ном|tr=nom}}, {{hv|ps|نوم‎|tr=num}}, {{hv|pal|𐫗𐫀𐫖‎|tr=nam}}, {{hv|xpr|𐫗𐫀𐫖‎}} / {{g|xpr|𐭍𐭀𐭌|tr=nam}}, {{hv|peo|𐎴𐎠𐎶|tr=n-a-m|ts=nāma}}, {{hv|ae|𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥|tr=nāman}}... {{hv|sa|नामन्|tr=nā́man}}, {{hv|hi|नाम|tr=nām}}, {{hv|ur|نام‎|tr=nām}}, {{hv|mr|नाव|tr=nāv}}, nepalî û {{hv|sd|नाउँ|tr=nāũ}}... {{hv|hit|𒆷𒀀𒈠𒀭|tr=lāman}}... {{hv|de|Name}}, {{hv|nl|naam}}, {{hv|en|name}}, {{hv|sv|namn}}, norwecî [[namn]] / [[nav]], {{hv|da|navn}}, {{hv|is|nafn}}... {{hv|osc|𐌍𐌖𐌌𐌍𐌄𐌝𐌔|tr=numneís}}, {{hv|xum|𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌄|tr=nome}} û [[𐌍𐌖𐌌𐌄𐌌]] (numem), {{hv|la|nomen}}, îtalî û {{hv|pt|nome}}, {{hv|fr|nom}}, romanî [[nume]], {{hv|es|nombre}}... {{hv|grc|όνομα}}... {{hv|hy|անուն}} (anun)... {{hv|br|anv}}, {{hv|ga|ianm}}... albanî [[êmën]] / [[emër]]... {{hv|ru|и́мя}} (íma), {{hv|pl|imię}}, [[miano]].

Bo guherîna M bi V di kurdî de, binêrin herwiha: [[dav]], [[gav]]...

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Beekes}}
* {{Chyet}}
* {{Horn}}
* {{Kloekhorst}}
* {{MacKenzie}}
* {{MacKenzie-2}}
* {{Pokorny}}
* {{Ringe}}
* {{The Tower of Babel}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
* {{Watkins}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|ناو|tr=[[naw]]}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: {{W-|sdh|naw|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|lki}}: {{W-|lki|nam|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|hac}}: {{W-|hac|name|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|name}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|Nav}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахьʒ}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|цӏэ}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|migaq}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|naam|n}}
* {{Z|agx}}: {{W-|agx|тур}}
* {{Z|ak}}: {{W-|ak|edin}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|ngaean}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|emër|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Name|n}}
* {{Z|ryn}}: {{W-|ryn|名|tr=なー, nā, なみん, namin}}
* {{Z|ams}}: {{W-|ams|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ስም}}
* {{Z|ani}}: {{W-|ani|цӏцӏер}}
* {{Z|apk}}: {{W-|apk|-zhííh}}
* {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|-̨́-̨́zhi’}}, {{W-|apw|-́zhi’}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|nome}}, {{W+|an|nombre|n}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܫܡܐ|n|tr=šəmā}}
*: {{Z|tmr}}: {{W-|arc|שְׁמָא|n|tr=šəmā}}
* {{Z|aqc}}: {{W-|aqc|цӏор}}
* {{Z|agj}}: {{W-|agj|ስም|tr=səm}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|numã|m}}, {{W-|rup|numi|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|নাম}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|nome|n}}, {{W-|ast|ñome|n}}
* {{Z|ask}}: {{W-|ask|nām}}
* {{Z|aot}}: {{W-|aot|bimung}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|цӏар}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|レ|tr=re}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ad}}, {{W+|az|isim}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|izen}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|исем}}, {{W-|ba|ат}}
* {{Z|bej}}: {{W-|bej|sim}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|імя́|nt}}, {{W-|be|назо́ў|n}}, {{W-|be|на́зва|m}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|نام|tr=nám}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|নাম}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|ngaran}}, {{W-|bcl|pangaran}}
* {{Z|byn}}: {{W-|byn|suuŋ}}
* {{Z|bor}}: {{W-|bor|ije}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|ano|n}}, {{W+|br|anv|n}}
* {{Z|bdk}}: {{W-|bdk|тур}}
* {{Z|bug}}: {{W-|bug|aseng}}
* {{Z|mbb}}: {{W-|mbb|ngazan}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|и́ме|nt}}, {{W-|bg|назва́ние|nt}}, {{W-|bg|наименова́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အမည်}}, {{W+|my|နာမည်}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|нэрэ}}
* {{Z|dz}}: {{W-|dz|མིང}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|цӏе}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|jméno|nt}}, {{W+|cs|název|n}}
* {{Z|cdm}}: {{W-|cdm|मेङ्|tr=meng}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|dzina}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|holhchifo}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|名|tr=meng4-2}}, {{W-|yue|名字|tr=ming4 zi6}}, {{W-|yue|名稱|tr=ming4 cing1}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|минзы}}
*: {{Z|gan}}: {{W-|gan|名字|tr='miang4 ci5}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|名仔|tr=miàng-é}}, {{W-|hak|名字|tr=miàng-sṳ}} 
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|名|tr=míng}}, {{W+|cmn|名字|tr=míngzi}}, {{W+|cmn|名稱|tr=míngchēng}} 
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|名|tr=miàng}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|名|tr=miâ}}, {{W+|nan|名字|tr=miâ-jī, miâ-lī}}, {{W+|nan|名稱|tr=miâ-chheng}} 
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|名}}
* {{Z|apm}}: {{W-|apm|-́zhii}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|нынны|tr=nynny}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ят}}
* {{Z|chk}}: {{W-|chk|it}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|naun|n}}, {{W-|dlm|naum|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|navn|nt}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ނަން}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|аат}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|nammen|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|nama}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|اِسْم|n}}, {{W+|ar|أَسْمَاء|n-p}}
*: {{Z|acy}}: {{W-|acy|ism|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|اسم|n|tr=esm}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|اسم|n|tr=isim}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|اسمية|m|tr=smiyya}}, {{W-|ary|اسم|n|tr=sem}}
*: {{Z|aeb}}: {{W-|aeb|اسم|n|cuda=اِسْمْ|tr=ʾism}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|անուն}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|лем}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|nomo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|nimi}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|гэрбэ}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|гэрби}}
* {{Z|ext}}: {{W-|ext|nombri}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|yʋ'ʋrɛ}}
* {{Z|peo}}: {{W-|peo|nāman}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نام|tr=nâm}}, {{W+|fa|اسم|tr=esm}}
* {{Z|ddg}}: {{W-|ddg|nee}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|navn|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|nimi}}, {{W+|fi|nimitys}} 
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|num|n}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|nom|n}}
*: {{Z|frm}}: {{W-|frm|nom|n}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|nom|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|non}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|noome|n}}; {{W-|frr|nööm|n}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Noome}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|namme|g}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|ainm|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|nome|n}}
* {{Z|grt}}: {{W-|grt|বিমুং|tr=bimuŋ}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉|nt}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|નામ|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სახელი}}, {{W-|ka|სახელწოდება}}, {{W-|ka|დასახელება}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|téra}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|non}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|inoa}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|suna}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|ngadan}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|नाम|n}}, {{W+|hi|इस्म|n|tr=ism}} 
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|ngalan}}
* {{Z|hit}}: {{W-|hit|𒆷𒀀𒈠𒀭|tr=lāman|nt}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|lub npe}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|naam|n}}
* {{Z|tts}}: {{W-|tts|ซื่อ}}
* {{Z|esh}}: {{W-|esh|نوم|cuda=نومَ|tr=nōma}}
* {{Z|ibg}}: {{W-|ibg|ngagan}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|שֵׁם|n|tr=shem}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|nomo}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|nagan}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|nama|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|name}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|name}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|nimi}}, {{W-|izh|imi}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|цӏи}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|nomine}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|ngaran}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|ainm|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|ainmm|nt}}
*: {{Z|pgl}}: {{W-|pgl|ᚐᚅᚋ|nt}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|ngaxan}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|non}}, {{W-|ist|nom}}
* {{Z|ruo}}: {{W-|ruo|nome}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|nome|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|nafn|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|名前|tr=なまえ, namae}}, {{W+|ja|名|tr=な, na}}, {{W+|ja|名前|tr=おなまえ, o-namae|cuda=お名前}}, {{W+|ja|芳名|tr=ごほうめい, go-hōmei|cuda=ご芳名}}, {{W+|ja|名称|tr=めいしょう, meishō}} 
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|ngaran}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|aran}}, {{W+|jv|jeneng}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|цӏэ}}
* {{Z|kls}}: {{W-|kls|نوم|tr=Latin: [[nom]]}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|нерн}}
* {{Z|bsh}}: {{W-|bsh|nom}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಹೆಸರು}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|lagyu}}, {{W-|pam|lagiu}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|ат}}
* {{Z|xqa}}: {{W-|xqa|ااتْ|tr=āt}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|nimi}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|miono|nt}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|nom|n}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|suti}}, {{W-|qu|huti}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|ناو}}
* {{Z|klj}}: {{W-|klj|ât}}
* {{Z|kzg}}: {{W-|kzg|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ат}}, {{W+|ky|ысым}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|rĩĩtwa|c5}}, {{W-|ki|rĩtwa|c5}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|නම}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|ним}}
* {{Z|kpv}}: {{W-|kpv|ним}}
* {{Z|okm}}: {{W-|okm|일홈〮}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|이름}}, {{W+|ko|성함}}, {{W+|ko|명칭}} 
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|hanow|n}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W+|co|nomu|n}}
* {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|non}}
* {{Z|xug}}: {{W-|xug|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|lld}}: {{W-|lld|inom}}, {{W-|lld|inuem}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|nombre|n}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|vuords|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|nōmen|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|vārds|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຊື່}}, {{W-|lo|ນາມ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|тӏвар}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|nómme|n}}, {{W-|lij|nomme}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|vardas|n}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|nomm}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦋᦹᧈ}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|lisina}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Numm}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|nu'm|n}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|ngala}}
* {{Z|mkz}}: {{W-|mkz|nai}}
* {{Z|mak}}: {{W-|mak|areng}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|име|nt}}, {{W-|mk|назив|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പേര്}}, {{W+|ml|നാമം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|nama|nt}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|isem|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡤᡝᠪᡠ|tr=gebu}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|ennym|n}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|aran}}
* {{Z|mns-nor}}: {{W-|mns-nor|нам}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|ingoa}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|ngaran}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|नाव}}
* {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|лӱм}}
* {{Z|mas}}: {{W-|mas|enkarna|m}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|kʼaabaʼ}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|név}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|rn|h=r:n-A2}}
* {{Z|mvi}}: {{W-|mvi|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|lus}}: {{W-|lus|hming}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|лем}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|нэр}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ}}
* {{Z|wmw}}: {{W-|wmw|zina}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|гэрбу}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|nomme}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|-́zhiʼ}}, {{W-|nv|yízhí}}
* {{Z|nxq}}: {{W-|nxq|miq}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|नाम}}
* {{Z|nay}}: {{W-|nay|mitji}}
* {{Z|niv}}: {{W-|niv|ӄʼа}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|navn|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|namn|nt}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|wiinzowin}}
* {{Z|okn}}: {{W-|okn|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|nom|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ନାମ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W+|om|maqaa}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|ном}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|آد|tr=ad}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|ئات}}, {{W+|ug|ئىسىم}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|ism}}, {{W+|uz|nom}}, {{W+|uz|ot}}
* {{Z|pwn}}: {{W-|pwn|ngadan}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|nāma}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|ngaran}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|nòmber}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|نوم|tr=nūm}}, {{W+|ps|اسم|n|tr=esm}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|nòm|n}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|-tukay}}, {{W-|ppl|-tucay}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|ini}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|imię|nt}}, {{W+|pl|nazwa|m}} 
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|nome|n}}
* {{Z|prn}}: {{W-|prn|nom}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਨਾਂ|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|есім}}, {{W+|kk|ат}}, {{W-|kk|аты-жөні}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲣⲁⲛ}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|nam}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|nóm|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|num|n}}, {{W-|rm|nom|n}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|nav|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|nume|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|и́мя|nt}}, {{W-|ru|назва́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|имня́|nt}}, {{W-|rue|ме́но|nt}}, {{W-|rue|име́но|nt}} 
* {{Z|ssy}}: {{W-|ssy|migac}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|namma}}
* {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|nomme}}
* {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|nõmm}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|igoa}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|नामन्|tr=nā́man|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|nomene}}, {{W-|sc|nomini}}, {{W-|sc|numen}}, {{W-|sc|numene}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|ngalan}}, {{W-|ceb|pangalan}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|nomu|n}}
* {{Z|sid}}: {{W-|sid|suʼma}}
* {{Z|csm}}: {{W-|csm|ˀoja·še-}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|miano|nt}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W+|sd|نالو|tr=nālō}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|nen}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|и̏ме|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ȉme|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|name}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|имѧ|nt}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⰹⰿⱔ|nt}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|имѧ|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|meno|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|ime|nt}}
* {{Z|zlw-slv}}: {{W-|zlw-slv|mjuono|nt}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|magac}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|mě|nt}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W+|hsb|mjeno|nt}}, {{W-|hsb|imje|nt}}, {{W-|hsb|mje|nt}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W+|st|lebitso}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|nombre|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|jenengan}}, {{W-|su|nami}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|jina|y}}, {{W+|sw|jina|p|cuda=majina}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|namn|nt}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၸိုဝ်ႈ}}
* {{Z|xsr}}: {{W-|xsr|མིང}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|dzina|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|tby}}: {{W-|tby|ronga}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|ччвур}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ном}}, {{W+|tg|исм}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|ngalan}}, {{W+|tl|pangalan}}
* {{Z|ty}}: {{W-|ty|iʻoa}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|பெயர்}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|isem|n}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|ngan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ชื่อ}}, {{W+|th|นาม}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పేరు}}, {{W+|te|నామము}}
* {{Z|tft}}: {{W-|tft|ronga}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|ad}}, {{W-|crh|isim}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|исем}}, {{W+|tt|ат}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|naran}}
* {{Z|tvo}}: {{W-|tvo|ronga}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ስም}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ad}}, {{W+|tr|isim}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|at}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|མིང}}, {{W-|bo|མཚན}} 
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W+|tpi|nem}}
* {{Z|tkn}}: {{W-|tkn|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|hingoa}}
* {{Z|xto}}: {{W-|xto|ñom}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|ñem}}
* {{Z|tum}}: {{W-|tum|zina}}
* {{Z|tvl}}: {{W-|tvl|igoa}}
* {{Z|tpw}}: {{W-|tpw|era}}
* {{Z|tzo}}: {{W-|tzo|biil}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|цӏи}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|ним}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎌𐎎}}
* {{Z|xum}}: {{W-|xum|𐌍𐌖𐌌𐌄𐌌}}, {{W-|xum|𐌍𐌏𐌌𐌄}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|نام|n|tr=nām}}, {{W+|ur|اسم|n|tr=ism}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ім'я́|nt}}, {{W-|uk|на́зва|m}}, {{W-|uk|найменува́ння|nt}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|nome}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tên}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|nem}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|nimi}}
* {{Z|wbk}}: {{W-|wbk|nām}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|no|n}}
* {{Z|wbl}}: {{W-|wbl|nung}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|enw}}
* {{Z|wuh}}: {{W-|wuh|minze}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ឈ្មោះ|tr=chhmŏăh}}, {{W+|km|នាម|tr=néam}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|ifani}}
* {{Z|rys}}: {{W-|rys|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|нум}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|аат}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|wapus}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|נאָמען|n}}
* {{Z|yog}}: {{W-|yog|ngagan}}
* {{Z|yoi}}: {{W-|yoi|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|yox}}: {{W-|yox|名|tr=なー, nā}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|orukọ}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|ateq}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|όνομα|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ὄνομα|nt}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|naem|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|mingzcih}}, {{W-|za|mingzcoh}}, {{W-|za|coh}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|H@RadialFinger-H@CenterChesthigh Contact Contact}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|igama|c5|c6}}, {{W+|zu|ibizo|c5|c6}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|name|oldid=75680628|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nav|mê}}
[[Wêne:Interior_of_Notre-Dame_basilica_in_Geneva.jpg|thumb|'''Nava''' [[avahî|avahiyekî]].]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{maneid|ku|navteng}} Beşa leşî ya kemera pantolonî dikeve ser, navbera zikî û lingan an yan piştê û lingan.
#: {{hevmane|ku|navteng}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kemera '''nava''' wê zêr e.}}
# {{maneid|ku|hindir}} [[hindir]], [[navend]], [[nîvek]], [[navber]], [[merkez]], [[daxil]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hirç ketiye '''nava''' rez.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|navteng
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|navend
|navendî
|naverok
|navik
|navîn
|ranav
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|ناو}}, {{hv|fa|ناف|tr=naf|w=[[navik]]}}, {{hv|pal|𐭭𐭠𐭯𐭪‎|tr=nāfag, nafeg: [[navik]]}}... {{hv|sa|नभ्य|tr=nábhya}} û {{q|sa|नाभि|tr=nā́bhi}}... {{hv|lv|naba}}... {{hv|de|Nabe}}, {{q|de|Nabel}}, {{hv|nl|naaf}}, {{hv|en|nave}}, {{q|en|navel}}, {{hv|sv|nav}}, {{q|sv|navel}}, {{hv|da|nav}} {{q|da|navle}}... {{hv|hy|անիւ|tr=anîw: [[çerx]]}}... {{hv|grc|ὀμφαλός|tr=omphalós}}... {{hv|la|umbilīcus}}, {{hv|fr|nombril}}, {{q|fr|ombilic}}, {{hv|it|ombelico}}, {{hv|pt|umbigo}}, {{hv|es|ombligo}}... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*h₃nobʰilos}} ji {{recons|ine-pro|h₃nebʰ-}} (nav, nîve; [[navik]]).

Binêre herwiha: ''[[hinav]], [[navik]]''.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Chyet}}
* {{MacKenzie-2}}
* {{Pokorny}}
* {{The Tower of Babel}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
* {{Watkins}}
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|darin}}, {{W+|de|innen}}, {{W+|de|inwendig}}, {{W+|de|hinein}}
* {{Z|roa-ang}}: {{W--|roa-ang|dedin}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|خَصْر}}, {{W+|ar|داخل}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|вътре|tr=vátre}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|内|R=nèi}}
* {{Z|dmr}}: {{W--|dmr|laˈrahnano}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|indenfor}}, {{W-|da|derinde}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|interne}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بین}}, {{W|fa|میان}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|sisällä}}
* {{Z|vls}}: {{W--|vls|binn}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|dedans}}, {{W|fr|intériur}}, {{W|fr|taille}}
* {{Z|roa-gal}}: {{W--|roa-gal|dden}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|შიგ|tr=šig}}, {{W-|ka|შიგნით|tr=šignit'}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|binnen}}, {{W+|nl|daarbinnen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|inside}}, {{W+|en|interior}}, {{W+|en|waist}}
* {{Z|ruo}}: {{W--|ruo|ănuntru}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|dentro}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dins}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W--|swb|moni}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|a-bervedh}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|benn}}
* {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|innenfor}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W-|oc|dedins}}, {{W+|oc|dintre}}
* {{Z|oia}}: {{W--|oia|muʈu}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W--|pap|aden}}, {{W--|pap|paden}}
* {{Z|myp}}: {{W--|myp|kaó}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wewnątrz}}, {{W-|pl|w środku}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|înăuntru}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|внутри|R=vnutri}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W--|se|siste}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|adentro}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ndani}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W--|zdj|pvohari}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ara}}, {{W|tr|iç}}, {{W|tr|dahil}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μέσα}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|ku}}
# [[hindir]]î, [[daxil]]î, [[jûr]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hat '''nav''' malê}}
#: {{nm|ku|Were '''nav''' dikanê.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Binêre: ''[[nav#Navdêr 2|nav]]'' (navdêr 2)

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|në}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|in}}
* {{Z|obt}}: {{W--|obt|in}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|в}}, {{W-|bg|във}}
* {{Z|tso-lya}}: {{W--|tso-lya|bru-}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|en}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|در|tr=der}}, {{W+|fa|تو|tr=tû}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|-ssa}}, {{W+|fi|-ssä}}
* {{Z|vls}}: {{W--|vls|binn}}
* {{Z|roa-gal}}: {{W--|roa-gal|den}}, {{W--|roa-gal|dan}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W--|ht|nan}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|in}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|inside}}, {{W+|en|aboard}}, {{W+|en|into}}, {{W|en|in}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|in}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|en}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W--|swb|moni mwa}}, {{W--|swb|harimwa}}, {{W--|swb|moni na}}
* {{Z|crs}}: {{W--|crs|dan}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|en}}, {{W+|oc|dins}}, {{W+|oc|dens}}, {{W+|oc|dinc}}
* {{Z|pcd}}: {{W--|pcd|dins}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W--|se|siste}}
* {{Z|szw}}: {{W--|szw|min}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|v}}, {{W-|sk|vo}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|en}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|katika}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|i}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W--|zdj|ho-harmwa}}, {{W--|zdj|harmwa}}, {{W--|zdj|harimwa}}, {{W--|zdj|harumwa}}, {{W--|zdj|ho-..-ni}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|mewn}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W--|grc|ἐν}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|br}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|br|LL-Q12107 (bre)-Ifig Flatrès - ROUDOUR-nav.wav|Deng|dever=Carhaix-Plouguer, Fransa}}

=== Hejmar ===
{{hejmar|br}}
# [[neh]], [[9]]

== {{ziman|da}} ==
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|da}}
# [[nav#Kurdî|nav]], [[nîvek]], [[nîvek]] [[çerx]]ê

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Kurtenav ===
{{kurtenav|en}}
# {{kurtkirin|en|navigation}}

== {{ziman|lmo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|lmo|z=m}}
# {{mijar|lmo|navgîn}} {{g|ku|keştî}}, {{g|ku|gemî}}, {{g|ku|sefîne}}, {{g|ku|baxîre}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|lmo|keştî}}

== {{ziman|lb}} ==
=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|lv}}
# [[ne]] (ew) [[e]]
# [[ne]] (ew) [[in]]
# [[bila]] (ew) [[neke]]
# [[bila]] (ew) [[nekin]]

== {{ziman|no}} ==
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|no}}
# [[nav#Kurdî|nav]], [[nîvek]], [[nîvek]] [[çerx]]ê

== {{ziman|rom}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|rom|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|nav}} ({{g|ku|ism}})

== {{ziman|pms}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pms|z=m}}
# {{mijar|pms|navgîn}} {{g|ku|keştî}}, {{g|ku|gemî}}, {{g|ku|sefîne}}, {{g|ku|baxîre}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pms|keştî}}

== {{ziman|rm}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|rm|z=m}}
# {{mijar|rm|navgîn}} {{g|ku|keştî}}, {{g|ku|gemî}}, {{g|ku|sefîne}}, {{g|ku|baxîre}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|rm|keştî}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv}}
# [[nav#Kurdî|nav]], [[nîvek]], [[nîvek]] [[çerx]]ê</text>
      <sha1>5tzgepuvw42djqcen5qajgt6bgx683p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>çip</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4726</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290885</id>
      <parentid>6237702</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290885</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1959" sha1="hmim9ep77vejpwgeuqokuzv1jdld2o2" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|cip|cîp|çîp}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|çip|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dilop]], [[lib]]ên avê, [[heb]]ên avê yan yên [[şilî|şiliyek]]e din
#: {{nm|ku|Baran '''çip-çip''' dibarî.}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[piçek]], [[kêm]], [[hinek]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ger '''çipek''' jî hiş di serê te heba, te wa nedigot.}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Qedeha xwe ta '''çipa''' dawîn bi ser dilê xwe de kir, destê xwe bi serûçavên xwe de anî. Paşî destê xwe kir berîka xwe de û parçehelbesta xwe deranî. Xemek xweşik ket ser rûyê wî, dişibî mijek binefşî. Ji xwe re got: Helbest jiyanek bi serê xwe ye, wek tê gotin, zimanê xwedayan e. Ev tenêtiya min, esmanê sayî, dara şên, çîrok û şano, hemî bedewî û delaliyên vê jiyanê helbest in. 'Neke' û 'here' yên keçan, axîn û nalînên kuran, xwişîn û lemelema kanîkan, berfa rizde û betenan, hemî helbest in. Jiyana helbest tê de nemîne, dê bibe cemed û qeşayek bêtam û bêbêhn.| Reûf Bêgerd: ''Mirina helbestvanekî'', wergerrandin ji soranî: Husein Muhammed, Nefel.com, 10/2009}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{onom|ku}}, bide ber îbrî [[טיפה]] (ṭipa)

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|çip kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|çipkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|çipkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|çipandin
|çip-çip
|çip-çipî
|çip-çipkî
|çipî
|çipîn
|çipik
|çipikandin
|çipikî
|çipikîn
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Tropfen}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pisara}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|goutte}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|druppel}} {{n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|drop}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|goccia}}
* [[slovakî]]: [[kvapka]]
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|damla}}, {{W+|tr|şıp}}, {{W+|tr|pıt}}, {{W+|tr|zıp|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# '''xwe çip kirin''': xwe[[hilavêtin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>hmim9ep77vejpwgeuqokuzv1jdld2o2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>heval</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4730</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290886</id>
      <parentid>6233169</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290886</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18224" sha1="0b8mhyqyyw49f7wh6gn6ez1hq35um2s" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/hɛˈvɑːl/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-heval.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-heval.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|heval|mê û nêr}}
[[Wêne:Boys in Mahweet, Yemen (16041529768).jpg|thumb|Du heval.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# {{mijar|ku|kes}} Kesên hev [[nasîn|dinasin]] û [[têkilî|têkiliyên]] baş li gel hev hene û ji hev [[hez]] dikin.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[keç|Keç]] û [[kur]]ên ji hev hez dikin lê ne jin û mêrê hev in.
#: {{hevmane|ku|yar}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Peyvek şirîn e bo her kesê jê re tê axiftin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Heval''', navê te çi ye?}}
# Peyvek şirîn e bo her kesê behs jê tê kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hevalek''' bû, min nas nedikir.}}
# {{f|ku|siyaset}} Kesên ji heman [[partî|partiya]] yan [[bawerî|baweriya]] [[siyasî]] (''bi taybetî [[çepgir]]).
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Peyvek ji bo [[pizdan]], [[plasenta]] tê bikaranîn.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Xwarin bi yeqîn dewa û me'cûn&lt;br /&gt;Rabûne ve çûne nik '''hevalan'''&lt;br /&gt;Çendek ji meharim û rewalan}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هه‌ڤال}}
* {{mj|Mela Hisênê Bateyî}} {{g|ku|sc=Arab|هڤال|tr=-}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|birader}}
* {{g|ku|dost}}
* {{g|ku|hevrê}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|dijmin}}
* {{g|ku|neyar}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|lêzim}}
* {{g|ku|nas}}
* {{g|ku|xizm}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|heval bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|heval kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|hevalbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|hevalkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|hevalbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|hevalkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|hevalbend
|hevalbendî
|hevaletî
|hevalî
|hevalînî
|hevalîtî
|hevaltî
|keçheval
|keçhevalî
|keçhevaltî
|kurheval
|kurhevalî
|kurhevaltî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji *[[ham]]- &quot;[[hev]]-&quot; + *[[arδ]] &quot;[[alî]], [[teref]]&quot; a Proto-Îranî. Hevreha [[hamāl]] a farsiya navîn û [[hamarδ]] a soxdî. Herwiha binêre [[alî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|abr}}: {{W-|abr|damvo}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|rakan}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|kataysa}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|vriend}}, {{W-|af|vriendin}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mik|n}}
* {{Z|ale}}: {{W-|ale|agiitaadax}}
* {{Z|gmh}}: {{W-|gmh|vriunt}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Freund|n}}, {{W+|de|Kumpel|n}}, {{W+|de|Kamerad|n}}, {{W+|de|Freundin|m}}, {{W-|de|Kumpelin|m}}, {{W-|de|Kumpeline|m}}, {{W+|de|Kameradin|m}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Fründ|n}}
*: {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|wini}}
* {{Z|alr}}: {{W-|alr|тумгытум|tr=tumɣətum}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ጓደኛ}}, {{W-|am|ወዳጅ}}
* {{Z|apk}}: {{W-|apk|ch’ąą}}
* {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|-dekee}}, {{W-|apw|chʼoondé}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|amigo|n}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܚܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ|tr=ḳawra|n}}, {{W-|aii|ܚܲܒ݂ܸܪܬܵܐ|tr=ḳawirta|m}}
* {{Z|aqc}}: {{W-|aqc|дос}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বন্ধু|n}}, {{W-|as|বান্ধৱী|m}}, {{W-|as|লগৰ}}, {{W-|as|লগৰীয়া}}, {{W-|as|সখী|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|amigu|n}}, {{W+|ast|amiga|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|гьудул}}
* {{Z|ay}}: {{W+|ay|masi}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|dost}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|lagun}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|дуҫ}}
* {{Z|bbl}}: {{W-|bbl|მეგობარ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ся́бар|n}}, {{W-|be|ся́бра|n}}, {{W-|be|сябро́ўка|m}}, {{W-|be|друг|n}}, {{W-|be|пры́яцель|n}}, {{W-|be|пры́яцелька|m}}, {{W-|be|падру́га|m}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|دوست|tr=dost}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বন্ধু}}, {{W+|bn|বান্ধবী}}, {{W+|bn|দোস্ত}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|mignon|n}}, {{W+|br|mignonez|m}}, {{W+|br|mignoned|n-p}}, {{W+|br|mignonezed|m-p}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|прия́тел|n}}, {{W-|bg|прия́телка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|သူငယ်ချင်း}}, {{W+|my|မိတ်ဆွေ}}, {{W+|my|သင်္ဂဟ}}, {{W+|my|မိတ်}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|нүхэр}}
* {{Z|cim}}: {{W-|cim|bròint|n}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|ameko}}, {{W-|ccc|kumpali}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|доттагӏ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|přítel|n}}, {{W+|cs|kamarád|n}}, {{W+|cs|přítelkyně|m}}, {{W+|cs|kamarádka|m}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎣᎩᎾᎵᎢ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|mnza}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|朋友|tr=pang4 jau5}}, {{W-|yue|友人|tr=jau5 jan4}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|пын-ю}}, {{W-|dng|ляншу}}, {{W-|dng|дос}}
*: {{Z|gan}}: {{W-|gan|朋友|tr=pung2 iu}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|朋友|tr=phèn-yû}}
*: {{Z|cjy}}: {{W-|cjy|朋友|tr=peng1 iou2}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|朋友|tr=péngyǒu}}, {{W+|cmn|友人|tr=yǒurén}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|朋友|tr=bèng-īu}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|朋友|tr=pêng-iú}}, {{W-|nan|友人|tr=iú-lîn}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|朋友}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|тус}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|amaic|n}}, {{W-|dlm|amaica|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ven|g}}, {{W+|da|veninde|g}}, {{W-|da|kammerat|g}}, {{W-|da|kammeratinde|g}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ރަތތެހި}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|атас}}
* {{Z|sce}}: {{W-|sce|dosi}}, {{W-|sce|anda}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|wenn|n}}, {{W-|ovd|weninna|m}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|teman}}, {{W+|id|sahabat}}, {{W+|id|kawan}}, {{W+|id|sobat}}, {{W+|id|rekan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|صَدِيق|n}}, {{W-|ar|صَدِيقَة|m}}, {{W+|ar|صَاحِب|n}}, {{W-|ar|صَاحِبَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|رَفِيق|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|صاحب|n|tr=ṣāḥib}}
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|رفيج|n|tr=rfīj}}, {{W-|afb|ربع|n-p|tr=rabiʿ}}
*: {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|صاحب|n|tr=ṣāḥib}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|صاحب|n|tr=ṣāḥib}}, {{W-|ajp|صديق|n|tr=ṣadīq}}
*: {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|صاحب|n|tr=ṣāḥib}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ընկեր}}, {{W+|hy|բարեկամ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|оя}}, {{W-|myv|ялга}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|amiko}}, {{W-|eo|amikiĉo}}, {{W-|eo|amikino}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|sõber}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|гирки}}, {{W-|evn|анда}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|velia}}
* {{Z|ext}}: {{W-|ext|collazu}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دوست|tr=dôst}}, {{W+|fa|رفیق|tr=rafiq}}, {{W+|fa|یار|tr=yâr}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|vinur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ystävä}}, {{W+|fi|kaveri}}, {{W+|fi|frendi}}, {{W+|fi|ystävätär|m}}, {{W-|fi|ystäväinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|ami|n}}, {{W+|fr|copain|n}}, {{W+|fr|amie|m}} {{W+|fr|copine|m}},
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|amì|n}}, {{W-|fur|amie|m}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|frün|n}}, {{W-|frr|waane|n}}; {{W-|frr|frinj|n}}, {{W-|frr|Frinj|g}}
* {{Z|ofs}}: {{W-|ofs|friūnd}}, {{W-|ofs|wine}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|freon}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|caraid|n}}, {{W-|gd|bancharaid|m}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|arkadaş}}, {{W-|gag|dost}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|amigo|n}}, {{W-|gl|amiga|m}}
* {{Z|sdn}}: {{W-|sdn|amicu}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃|n}}, {{W-|got|𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌹|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|દોસ્ત}}, {{W-|gu|મિત્ર}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მეგობარი}}, {{W+|ka|მოყვარე}}, {{W+|ka|ტოლი}}, {{W-|ka|არიფი}}, {{W-|ka|ნაცნობი}}, {{W-|ka|თვისტომი}}, {{W-|ka|ძმაკაცი}}, {{W-|ka|ამხანაგი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|angirũ}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|zanmi}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|hoaloha}}, {{W-|haw|hoa}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|aboki|n}}, {{W-|ha|ƙawa|m}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|दोस्त|n|m}}, {{W+|hi|मित्र|n|m}}, {{W+|hi|साथी|m}}, {{W+|hi|सखा}}, {{W+|hi|यार|n}}, {{W+|hi|मीत|n}}, {{W+|hi|हबीब|n}}, {{W+|hi|सहेली|m}}
* {{Z|ho}}: {{W-|ho|turana}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|abyan}}
* {{Z|meu}}: {{W-|meu|turana}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|phooj ywg}}
* {{Z|odt}}: {{W-|odt|friund}}
* {{Z|dum}}: {{W-|dum|vrient}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vriend}}, {{W+|nl|vriendje|nt}}, {{W+|nl|vriendin}}, {{W+|nl|vriendinnetje|nt}}, {{W+|nl|maatje|nt}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Freind|n}}, {{W-|hrx|Amigo|n}}, {{W-|hrx|Freindin|m}}, {{W-|hrx|Amiga|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|יָדִיד|n|tr=yadíd}}, {{W-|he|ידידה|m|tr=yedida}}, {{W+|he|חבר|n|tr=chaver}}, {{W+|he|חברה|m|tr=chavera}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|amiko}}, {{W+|io|amikulo}}, {{W+|io|amikino}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|enyi}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|gayyem}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|frēond|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|frend}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|friend}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|доттагӏа}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|amico}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|cara|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|carae|n}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|xayyam}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|amico|n}}, {{W+|it|amica|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vinur|n}}, {{W+|is|vinkona|m}}, {{W+|is|vinstúlka|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|友達|tr=ともだち, tomodachi}}, {{W+|ja|友人|tr=ゆうじん, yūjin}}, {{W+|ja|朋友|tr=ほうゆう, hōyū}}
* {{Z|anq}}: {{W-|anq|mahema}}, {{W-|anq|mitaǰəle}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|kanca}}, {{W+|jv|mitra}}
* {{Z|jje}}: {{W-|jje|벗}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|amdakkel|n}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|ikinngut}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|иньг}}, {{W-|xal|үр}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಮಿತ್ರ}}, {{W+|kn|ಸ್ನೇಹಿತ}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|kaluguran}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|amigu}}, {{W-|kea|amige}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|нёгер}}, {{W-|krc|шох}}, {{W-|krc|шуёх}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|ystävy}}, {{W-|krl|ristivelli}}
* {{Z|kju}}: {{W-|kju|tuka·yu}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|przëcél|n}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|amic|n}}, {{W+|ca|amiga|m}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|régre}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|atillcha}}, {{W+|qu|masi}}, {{W-|qu|kumpa}}, {{W-|qu|amigu|n}}, {{W-|qu|amiga|m}}
* {{Z|krj}}: {{W-|krj|higala}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|дос}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|mũrata|c1}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|මිතුරා}}
* {{Z|rw}}: {{W-|rw|inshuti|c9/10}}, {{W-|rw|umu-gēnzi}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|ёрт}}, {{W-|koi|друг}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|친구}}, {{W+|ko|동무}}, {{W+|ko|벗}}
* {{Z|lou}}: {{W-|lou|zami}}, {{W-|lou|lami}}, {{W-|lou|ami}}, {{W-|lou|boug}}, {{W-|lou|nèg}}, {{W-|lou|padna}}
* {{Z|kri}}: {{W-|kri|padi}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|дост}}, {{W-|kum|ювукъ}}, {{W-|kum|ёлдаш}}, {{W-|kum|къурдаш}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|amigo}}, {{W-|lad|amiga}}
* {{Z|lmy}}: {{W-|lmy|ole}}, {{W-|lmy|oda}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|draugs}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|amicus|n}}, {{W-|la|amica|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|draugs|n}}, {{W-|lv|draudzene|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ສັມພັດຕະ}}, {{W-|lo|ໝູ່}}, {{W-|lo|ມິດ}}, {{W-|lo|ເພື່ອນ}}, {{W-|lo|ສະຂະ}}, {{W-|lo|ສະຫາຍ}}, {{W-|lo|ສະຫາຽ}}, {{W-|lo|ສ່ຽວ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|дуст}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|moninga}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|amigo|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|draugas|n}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|amis}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦉᦠᦻ}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|omusale}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Frënd|n}}, {{W+|lb|Frëndin|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|пријател|n}}, {{W-|mk|пријателка|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|കൂട്ടുകാരൻ|n}}, {{W+|ml|കൂട്ടുകാരി|m}}, {{W+|ml|സുഹൃത്ത്}}, {{W+|ml|സ്നേഹിതന്‍|n}}, {{W+|ml|തോഴൻ|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kawan}}, {{W-|ms|handai}}, {{W+|ms|rakan}}, {{W-|ms|taulan}}, {{W+|ms|sahabat}}, {{W-|ms|member}}, {{W+|ms|teman}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ħabib|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡤᡠᠴᡠ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠠᠨᡩᠠ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|carrey|n}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|बंधु}}, {{W-|mr|मित्र}}
* {{Z|mrc}}: {{W-|mrc|naw}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|barát}}, {{W+|hu|pajtás}}, {{W+|hu|haver}}, {{W+|hu|cimbora}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|sakai}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|ḫnms|h=x:n-nm-m-s-A21-A1}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|amigo|n}}, {{W-|mwl|amio|n}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|найз}}, {{W+|mn|нөхөр}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|akʼis}},
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Fründ|n}}, {{W-|nds|Fründin|m}}
*: {{Z|gml}}: {{W-|gml|Fründinne|m}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|मित्र}}, {{W-|ne|साथी}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|vinr|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|venn|n}}, {{W+|nb|venninne|m}}
* {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|amic}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|amic|n}}, {{W+|oc|amiga|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ମିତ}}, {{W+|or|ସଖା}}, {{W-|or|ସାଙ୍ଗ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|michuu}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|хӕлар}}, {{W-|os|лымӕн}}, {{W-|os|ӕрдхорд}}, {{W-|os|ӕмбал}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|ارقداش|tr=arqadaş}}, {{W-|ota|دوست|tr=dost}}, {{W-|ota|احباب|tr=ahbap}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|دوست}}, {{W-|ug|ئاداش}}, {{W-|ug|ئاغىنە}}, {{W-|ug|ئۈلپەت}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|doʻst}}, {{W+|uz|joʻra}}, {{W+|uz|rafiq}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|mitta|n|nt}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|kaaro}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|amigu}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|دوست|n|tr=dost}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|amis|n}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|iṉa}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Frint|n}}
* {{Z|pox}}: {{W-|pox|fründ|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|przyjaciel|n}}, {{W+|pl|przyjaciółka|m}}, {{W+|pl|druh|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|amigo|n}}, {{W+|pt|amiga|m}}
* {{Z|gmq-pro}}: {{W-|gmq-pro|ᚹᛁᚾᛁᛉ|n}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਮਿੱਤਰ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|дос}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ϣⲫⲏⲣ}}, {{W-|cop|ϣⲃⲏⲣ}}
* {{Z|mwr}}: {{W-|mwr|यार|tr=yār}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|garuhoa}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|amig|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|ami|n}}, {{W-|rm|amia|m}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|amal|n}}, {{W-|rom|amalni|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|amic|n}}, {{W+|ro|amică|m}}, {{W+|ro|prieten|n}}, {{W+|ro|prietenă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|друг|n}}, {{W-|ru|подру́га|m}}, {{W-|ru|прия́тель|n}}, {{W-|ru|прия́тельница|m}}, {{W-|ru|това́рищ|n|m}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|прия́тель|n}}, {{W-|rue|пайташ|n}}
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|friund}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|verdde}}, {{W-|se|ustit}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|सखि}}, {{W+|sa|सुहृद}}, {{W+|sa|मित्र}}
* Sardinian:
*: {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|amigu}}
*: {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|amigu}}
* {{Z|sdc}}: {{W-|sdc|amiggu}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|higala}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|amicu|n}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|سکو|tr=sakō}}, {{W-|sd|يار|tr=yāru}}, {{W-|sd|حبيب|tr=ḥabību}}, {{W+|sd|دوست|tr=dōstu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|друг|n}}, {{W-|sh|дру̀га̄р|n}}, {{W-|sh|друга̀рица|m}}, {{W-|sh|при̏јатељ|n}}, {{W-|sh|пријатѐљица|m}}, {{W-|sh|френд|n}}, {{W-|sh|френдица|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|drug|n}}, {{W+|sh|drùgār|n}}, {{W+|sh|drugàrica|m}}, {{W+|sh|prȉjatelj|n}}, {{W+|sh|prijatèljica|m}}, {{W+|sh|frend|n}}, {{W+|sh|frendica|m}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|приꙗтєль|n}}, {{W-|cu|дроугъ|n}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⱂⱃⰹⱑⱅⰵⰾⱐ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|приꙗтель|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|priateľ|n}}, {{W-|sk|priateľka|m}}, {{W-|sk|kamarát|n}}, {{W-|sk|kamarátka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|prijatelj|n}}, {{W+|sl|prijateljica|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|saaxiib|n}}, {{W-|so|saaxiibad|m}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|pśijaśel|n}}, {{W-|dsb|pśijaśelka|m}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W+|hsb|přećel|n}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|motswalle}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|amigo|n}}, {{W+|es|amiga|m}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|batur}}, {{W-|su|rencang}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|აფხნეგ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|rafiki}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kamrat|g}}, {{W+|sv|vän|g}}, {{W+|sv|väninna|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|တႆးၵေႃႉ}}, {{W-|shn|ပိူၼ်ႈ}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|нанчы|tr=nançı}}, {{W-|cjs|арғыш|tr=arğış}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дӯст}}, {{W-|tg|ҷӯра}}, {{W-|tg|рафиқ}}
* Talysh:
*: {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|رفق|tr=rafeğ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|kaibigan}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|நண்பன்|n}}, {{W-|ta|நண்பி|m}}, {{W+|ta|தோழன்|n}}, {{W+|ta|தோழி|m}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|púyena}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|amedukker|n}}, {{W-|rif|tamedukkert|m}}
* {{Z|nod}}: {{W-|nod|ᨻᩮᩥ᩠᩵ᨶ|tr=poen}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เพื่อน}}, {{W+|th|สหาย}}, {{W+|th|มิตร}}, {{W+|th|เกลอ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|స్నేహితుడు}}, {{W+|te|మిత్రుడు|n}}, {{W+|te|స్నేహితురాలు}}, {{W+|te|మిత్రురాలు|m}}, {{W-|te|దోస్తు}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ|n}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|dost}}, {{W-|crh|arqadaş}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|дус}}, {{W+|tt|әшнә}}, {{W+|tt|аркадаш}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ዓርኪ}}, {{W-|ti|መሓዛ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|arkadaş}}, {{W+|tr|dost}}, {{W+|tr|ahbap}}, {{W+|tr|kanka}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|dost}}, {{W-|tk|jora}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གྲོགས་པོ}}, {{W-|bo|མཛའ་བཤེས}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|pren}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|waṣamo}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|өңнүк}}
* {{Z|tpw}}: {{W-|tpw|abaré}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|эш}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎈𐎁𐎗}}, {{W-|uga|𐎗𐎓}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دوست|n|m|tr=dost}}, {{W-|ur|متر|n|m|tr=mitra}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|друг|n}}, {{W-|uk|при́ятель|n}}, {{W-|uk|подру́га|m}}, {{W-|uk|по́друга|m}}, {{W-|uk|при́ятелька|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|amigo|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|[[người]] [[bạn]]}}, {{W+|vi|bạn}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|flen}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|sõbrõ}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|sangkay}}, {{W-|war|agaw}}, {{W-|war|abyan}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ffrind|n}}, {{W+|cy|cyfaill|n}}
* {{Z|wym}}: {{W-|wym|frajnd|n}}, {{W-|wym|frajndyn|m}}
* {{Z|win}}: {{W-|win|hicakoro}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|нанӌы}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|មិត្ត}}, {{W-|km|ពួកម៉ាក}}, {{W+|km|ភឿន}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|доҕор}}, {{W-|sah|атас}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W+|yi|פֿרײַנד|n}}, {{W-|yi|פֿרײַנדין|m}}, {{W+|yi|חבֿר|n|tr=khaver}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ọ̀rẹ́}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|aiparnaarraq}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φίλος|n}}, {{W+|el|φίλη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|φίλος|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|baengzyoux}}, {{W-|za|baengz}}, {{W-|za|youxdoix}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|X@Finger@PalmDown-X@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp X@Finger@PalmUp-X@CenterChesthigh-PalmDown|cuda=''FRIEND''}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|friend|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75585664}}</text>
      <sha1>0b8mhyqyyw49f7wh6gn6ez1hq35um2s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>birader</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4733</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290887</id>
      <parentid>6262515</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290887</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3594" sha1="pxdzae0djtpjqoy4cpjfkrknv1cj82v" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-birader.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# Kesên hev [[nasîn|dinasin]] û [[têkilî|têkiliyên]] baş li gel hev hene û ji hev [[hez]] dikin (bi taybetî [[zelam]]), kesê wek bira; kesê ji der hatiye û wek bira nêzik e.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[kur|Kur]]ê [[dêbav]]ên kesekê/î.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''biraderê''' min e.|[[dêbav|Dêbav]]ên min û wî yek in.|rêz=1}}
# [[kurr|Kurr]]ê ji [[dayik]]a yan ji [[bav]]ê kesekê/î.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Peyvek [[rêzgir]] e bo her [[zelam]]ê [[bas]]a wî tê kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Biraderek''' li te dipirsî, nizanim kî bû.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Zinhar bi wan nekî tu bawer&lt;br /&gt;Ger bab û pis î û ger '''birader'''&lt;br /&gt;Xasma ko muqerrebê di bedxwah}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[bira]]
* [[bra]]
* [[brader]]

==== Hevmane ====
* [[heval]]
* [[dost]]
* [[hevrê]]
* [[yar]]

==== Dijmane ====
* [[dijmin]]
* [[neyar]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[lêzim]]
* [[nas]]
* [[xizm]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fa|ku|برادر}} (birader: [[bira]]) ku [[hevreh]]a [[bira]] ya kurdî ye. Bo ketina &quot;-(d)er&quot; ji kurdî bide ber &quot;dot[mam]&quot; (farisî: doxter), &quot;ma-k&quot; (farisî: mader), [[xweh]] (farisî: x[v]aher), zazakî pî=bab (farisî: pider).

==== Jê ====
* [[biraderî]]

==== Werger ====
&quot;heval, dost&quot;
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|vriend}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mik}}, {{W+|sq|shok}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Freund|n}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W-|bm|teri}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|přítel}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|朋友}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ven}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|teman}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|اخي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|samideano}}, {{W+|eo|amiko}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|viðhaldsmaður}}, {{W-|fo|partamaður}}, {{W+|fo|vinur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ystävä}}, {{W+|fi|kaveri}}, {{W+|fi|toveri}}, {{W+|fi|kumppani}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|ami|m}}, {{W+|fr|amie|f}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|freon}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|caraid}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|aboki}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|geestverwant}}, {{W+|nl|medestander}}, {{W+|nl|vriend}}, {{W+|nl|vrind}}, {{W+|nl|amice}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|freond}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|friend}}, {{W-|en|fellow-thinker}}, {{W+|en|mate}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|amico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vinur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|友達}} (tomodachi)
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|amic}}
* {{Z|rw}}: {{W-|rw|shuti}} (inshuti)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|amicus}}, {{W-|la|cultor}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|moníngá}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kawan}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|amigoo}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|barát}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|venn}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|amigu}}, {{W-|pap|gayo}}, {{W-|pap|kompai}}, {{W-|pap|sosio}}, {{W-|pap|tersio}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|przyjaciel}} (1, 2), {{W+|pl|kochanek}} (2)
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|amigo|m}}, {{W-|pt|coidealista}}, {{W+|pt|correligionário}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|prieten}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|друг|m}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|ba}}, {{W-|srn|mati}}, {{W-|srn|staman}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|amigo|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|rafiki}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|buss}}, {{W+|sv|vän}}, {{W+|sv|kompis}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|kaibígan}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dost}}, {{W+|tr|arkadaş}}, {{W+|tr|birader}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|φιλος|m}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|umngane}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-birader.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# birader, [[bira]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[birawo]], [[birako]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>pxdzae0djtpjqoy4cpjfkrknv1cj82v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hev</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4739</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290888</id>
      <parentid>6236751</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Cînav */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290888</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5869" sha1="k4rzhr30wocqpabspvm34ysin6sso8j" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-hev.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}
# Her yek ya din, her yek yê dî, [[yekdu]], [[êkûdu]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ez û ew '''hev''' dinasin.|Ez wê dinasim û ew jî min dinase.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew û bavê xwe mîna '''hev''' in.|Ew û babê xwe wek êkûdu ne. Ew wek babê xwe ye û babê wî jî wek wî ye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Bi şubhê murxê nîmbismil&lt;br /&gt;Di '''hev''' wertêm di xwînê da}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|hevdu
|hevdi
|hevdin
|hevûdin
|hevûdu
|yekûdin
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hev-
|hev kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|hev girtin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|hev xwarin
|hev berdan
|hev birin
|hevkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|hevgirtin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|hevxwarin
|hevberdan
|hevbirin
|hevdan
|hevkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|hevgirtî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|hevdayî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} {{recons|ine-pro|sem-}}, {{recons|ine-pro|seme-}} [di zimanên îranî de s- ya {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} dibe h-(gava di pêşiya peyvekî de ye) û di kurmancî de -m- dibe -v-], [[hevreh]]a [[haw-]] ya soranî, [[hem]] ya zazakî, ''hem'' ya avestayî, ''heme'' ya farisiya kevn, {{g|fa|هم|tr=hem}} ya farisiya nû, ''am'' ya osetî, ''hem'' ya belûçî, [[सम]] (seme: heman, eynî, wekhev) ya sanskrîtî, [[ամէն]] (amên) ya ermeniya kevn, [[ὁμός]] (homόs: [[heman]], [[eynî]]) ya yûnaniya kevn, [[самый]] (eynî, ew bi xwe) ya rusî, {{hv|en|same}} (seym: heman, eynî), {{hv|sv|samma}} (heman, eynî), {{hv|la|similis}} (heman, eynî).
* {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''som'''-'''o'''- (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
*:{{ji|ira-pro||-}}:
::{{ae}}: '''ham'''- (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{peo}}: '''ham'''- (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{pal}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{fa}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{bal}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{os}}: '''ām''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;) ... {{ir}}
::{{kmr}}: '''hem, hev, heman, hemû''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{ckb}}: '''hem, heman, hemû''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{zza}}: '''hem''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{sa}}: '''sama'''- (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{hy}}: '''hem, hev''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{el}}: '''homo''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{la}}: '''similis''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{en}}: '''same''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;) ...

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Horn|Horn p.246]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.75]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]] &lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Hevreh:''' [[hem]], [[heman]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|سه‌وبین|tr=sewbîn}}, {{W-|ckb|یه‌کتر|tr=yektir}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|xag}}: {{W-|xag|𐕚𐕒𐕡𐕚𐕎}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|njëri-tjetri}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|einander}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|bir-birini}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|elkar}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|адзі́н аднаго́}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|互相|tr=wu6 soeng1}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|互相|tr=hùxiāng}}, {{W+|cmn|彼此|tr=bǐcǐ}}, {{W+|cmn|交互|tr=jiāohù}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|hinanden}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|saling}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بعض|cuda=بَعْضُهُ الْبَعْض}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|միմյանց}}, {{W+|hy|իրար}}
*: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|միմեանց}}, {{W-|xcl|իրեար}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|unu al la alia}}, {{W+|eo|unu la alian}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|همدیگر|tr=hamdigar}}, {{W+|fa|یکدیگر|tr=yekdigar}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|toisensa}}, {{W+|fi|toinen toisensa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|l'un l'autre}}, {{W+|fr|les uns les autres|p}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|un ao outro|n}}, {{W-|gl|uns aos outros|n-p}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ერთმანეთი}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|elkaar}}, {{W+|nl|elkander}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|זה את זה}}, {{W-|he|אחד את השני}}, {{W-|he|אחת את השניה}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|l'una l'altra}}, {{W-|io|l'uni l'altri}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|each other}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|a chéile}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|imma}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|a vicenda}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|hver annar}}, {{W-|is|hvor annar|d}}, {{W-|is|hvor af öðrum|d}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|互いに|tr=おたがいに, o-tagai ni|cuda=お互いに}}, {{W+|ja|互い|tr=たがい, tagai}}, {{W+|ja|お互い|tr=おたがい, otagai}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|l'un a l'altre}}, {{W+|ca|mútuament}}, ''reflexive pronoun + plural verb form''
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|서로}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|se|cuda=se + ''3rd person plural''}}, {{W-|la|inter se}}, {{W-|la|alii alios}}, {{W-|la|alter alterum}}, {{W-|la|invicem}}, {{W-|la|ad invicem}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|еден со друг}}, {{W-|mk|еден на друг}}, {{W-|mk|меѓусебно}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W-|mg|isika samy isika}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|xulxin}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|egymás}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|ahił}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|hverandre}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|einannan}}, {{W-|nn|kvarandre}}, {{W-|nn|kvarannan}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|nawzajem}}, {{W-|pl|jeden drugiego}}, {{W-|pl|jeden drugiemu}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|um ao outro|n}}, {{W+|pt|se}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|unul pe altul}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|друг дру́га}}, {{W-|ru|друг дру́гу}}, {{W-|ru|взаи́мно}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|se}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|el uno al otro}}, {{W-|es|entre sí}}, {{W+|es|mutuamente}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|varandra}}, {{W+|sv|varann}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|ینده|tr=yandə}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|กันและกัน}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|birbiri}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|оди́н о́дного}}, {{W-|uk|оди́н о́дному}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|nhau}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|od}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|គ្នានឹងគ្នា}}, {{W+|km|គ្នា}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αλλήλων}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀλλήλων}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|each other|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75710538}}</text>
      <sha1>k4rzhr30wocqpabspvm34ysin6sso8j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4781</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290889</id>
      <parentid>6127803</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290889</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16516" sha1="8m6r7vtwpm36u3sqmzs4jqlfsu8whrb" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Gul}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gul|mê}}
[[Wêne:Flower poster 2.jpg|thumb|çend '''gul''']]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|riwek}} [[giya|Giya]]yên [[kulîlkdar]], [[giya]]yên bi[[kulîlk]]; [[giya]]yên ku [[kulîlk]] pê ve [[şên]] dibin.
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Mane li dorê cema&lt;/br&gt;Hin '''gulê''' bo'enber in&lt;/br&gt;Hin di şîrîn esmer in}}
# {{f|ku|Reşwî}} [[dendik|Dendik]]eke bo xwarinê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گول}}
* {{ku-kr|гӧл}}

==== Têkilî ====
{{kol3|ku
|kulîlk
|çîçek
}}

==== Hin cûnên gulan ====
{{kol3|ku
|beybûn
|gulberoj
|nesrîn
|rihan
|sorgul
|şîlan
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|gol}}

==== Qafiye ====
{{kol3|ku
|bulbul
|kul
|[[nikul]], [[nukul]]
|qul
}}

==== Gotinên pêşiyan ====
{{kol3|ku
|gul be gula biharê li bin darê çinarê
|gul bê bîn nabe
|gul bê istirî nabin, rind bê kêmasî nabin
|gul bê qisûr nabin
|gul bû, baran hat şil bû
|gul dan kerê ku bêhn bike, kerê gul xwar
|gul ew gul bû, baran jî lê hat şil bû
|gul hene gula winda dikin, kulin jî hene kula winda dikin
|gul heye gula winda dikê, kul heye kula winda dikê
|gul jî bi istirî ne
|gul jî di zibil de şîn dibin
|gul li gulê dinêre, sor dibe
|gula ber derîya şîn bibe, wê her roj di bin linga de be
|gula govenda, bûk e
|gula ku her kes bênke, bên tê de namîne
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gulan
|gulav
|gulberroj
|gulbihar
|gulbijêr
|gulbijêrk
|gulçin
|gulçinî
|gulçîn
|gulçînî
|gulçînîtî
|guldan
|guldank
|guldeste
|guleberbiro
|gulebûk
|gulfîdan
|gulgîn
|gulgulî
|gulhingivîn
|gulî
|gulî
|gulî
|gulik
|gulik
|gulistan
|gulistanî
|gulî
|gulkelem
|gulkelemî
|gulnas
|gulnasî
|gulnesrîn
|gulperî
|gulşen
|gulşen
|gulyar
|gulyarî
|gulzan
|gulzanî
}}

==== Bikaranîn ====
Peyva &quot;gul&quot; bo xwarinê (bi tirkî, ''ayçiçek çekirdeği'', înglîzî, ''sunflower seeds'') ji peyva ji gulê gulberojê dihê ku li ser dendik heye. Li şûna wê &quot;gul&quot; &quot;gil&quot;, &quot;gûl&quot; û &quot;gula&quot; jî dihê gotin.

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[hevreh]] soranî {{g|ckb|گوڵ|tr=[[guł]]}}, {{hv|fa|گل|tr=berê &quot;gul&quot;, niha &quot;gol&quot;}}, tacikî [[гул]] (gul), pehlewiya nûtir [[𐭢𐭫]] (gul) pehlewi kevntir ''wred'', lekî ''[[gil]]'', zazakî [[vil]], hewramî [[vilî]], semnanî û talîşî ''vile'', pertî [[𐫇𐫀𐫡]] (war), sogdî ''werd'', avestayî [[𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀‎]] (varǝδa-), îngilîziya kevn ''[[word]]'' ([[teraş]], [[devî]], [[dehl]]), norwecî ''[[orr]] / [[erre]]'' ([[teraş]]), albanî ''[[hurdhe]]'' ([[daralînk]]), latînî ''[[rubus]]'' ([[dirîk]], [[strî]])... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *''[[wr̥dʰo-]]'' ([[nesrîn]]).

Ev peyva îranî di sê [[serdem]]ên cuda de ketiye gelek zimanên cîran û dûrtir jî:
* Serdema kevn belkî ji zimanên îranî → {{hv|grc|βρόδον}} (brodon) / [[ῥόδον]] (rhódon) → latînî ''[[rosa]]'' → fransî, îngilîzî û gelek zimanên din yên ewropî ''[[rose]]''
* Serdema navîn yan serdema kevn ji zimanên îranî → {{hv|arc|ורדא}} (werda), siryanî [[ܘܪܕܐ‎]] (werda), erebî {{g|ar|وردة}} (werde), {{hv|hy|վարդ}} (vard)
* Serdema nû ji zimanên îranî → osmanî {{g|ota|گل}} (gül), tirkî/azerî/tirkmenî ''[[gül]]'', ozbekî ''gul'', hindî [[गुल]] (gul), ûrdûyî {{g|ur|گل‎}} (gul), bengalî [[গুল]] (gul), qazaxî [[гүл]] (gül), sirbokroatî [[ђул]] / [[đul]]...

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî: 
* {{Tsabolov|r=399-400}}
* {{Chyet|r=224}}
* {{Horn|r=206}} 
* {{Watkins|r=102}}
* {{MacKenzie|r=133}}
* {{Etymonline}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|hac}}: {{W-|hac|vilî|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: {{W-|sdh|guł|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|lki}}: {{W-|lki|gil|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|guł|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|vil}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}

* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ашәҭ}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|blom}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|lule|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Blüte|m}}, {{W+|de|Blume|m}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|አበባ|sc=Ethi}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|flor|m}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Siryanî: {{W-|arc|ܗܒܒܐ|tr=habbāḇāʾ|n}}, {{W-|arc|ܗܒܬܐ|tr=habb(ə)ṯāʾ|m}}
* {{Z|aqc}}: {{W-|aqc|тӏеӏ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|floari|m}}, {{W-|rup|floarã|m}}, {{W+|rup|floare|m}}, {{W-|rup|lilici|m}}, {{W+|rup|lilice|m}}, {{W-|rup|lãludã|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|ফুল}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|flor|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|тӏе|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|av|тӏегь}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|エプィケ|tr=epuyke}}, {{W-|ain|エプィゲ|tr=epuyge}}, {{W-|ain|トㇺ|tr=tom}}, {{W-|ain|ノンノ|tr=nonno}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|çiçək}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|lore}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|сәскә|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bbl}}: {{W-|bbl|ბუბუკ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|кве́тка|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|پل|tr=pull}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|ফুল|sc=Beng}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|burak}}
* {{Z|bol}}: {{W-|bol|bitte}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|bleuñv}}, {{W-|br|bleuñvienn|m}}, {{W+|br|bleunienn|m}}, {{W+|br|boked|n}}, [[fleur]]
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|цвят|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ပန်း|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|сэсэг}}
* {{Z|dz}}: {{W-|dz|མེ་ཏོག}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|chepeka}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|зезаг}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|květ|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏥᎳᏍᎩ|sc=Cher}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|duwa}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|花|tr=faa1}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|хуа}}, {{W-|dng|хуар}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|花|tr=fâ}}
*: {{Z|cjy}}: {{W-|cjy|花|tr=hua1}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|花|tr=huā}}, {{W+|cmn|花兒|tr=huār}}, {{W+|cmn|花朵|tr=huāduǒ}}, {{W+|cmn|花卉|tr=huāhuì}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|花|tr=huă}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|花|tr=hoe, hoa}}, {{W+|nan|花蕊|tr=hoe-lúi}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|花}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|чечек}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|fiaur|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|blomst|g}}
* {{Z|dar}}: {{W-|dar|вава}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|މާ|sc=Thaa}}
* {{Z|duu}}: {{W-|duu|wvt}}
* {{Z|dtp}}: {{W-|dtp|bunga}}
* Cham:
*: {{Z|cjm}}: {{W-|cjm|ꨝꨊꨭꨩ|tr=bangu}}, {{W-|cjm|ꨝꨪꨊꨭꨩ|tr=bingu}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bunga}}, {{W+|id|kembang}}, {{W+|id|puspa}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|زَهْرَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|زُهُور|p}}, {{W-|ar|أَزْهَار|p}}, {{W-|ar|وَرْدَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|وَرد|n|tr=ward}}, {{W-|arz|وَرْدَة|m|tr=warda}} (''[[singulative]]'')
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ծաղիկ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|цеця}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|floro}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|õis}}, {{W+|et|lill}}
* {{Z|ext}}: {{W-|ext|frol}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گل|tr=gol}}, {{W+|fa|اسپرغم|tr=esparğam}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|blóma|m}}, {{W+|fo|blomstur|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kukka}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|fleur|m}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|fleur|m}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|flor|m}}, {{W-|fro|flur|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|flôr}}, {{W-|fur|rose|m}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|blööm|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|blom|g}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|blàth|n}}, {{W-|gd|dìthean|n}}, {{W-|gd|flùr|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|flor|m}}, {{W-|gl|fror|m}}, {{W-|gl|frol|m}}
* {{Z|gor}}: {{W-|gor|bunga}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|ફૂલ}}, {{W-|gu|પુષ્પ}}, {{W-|gu|સુમન}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ყვავილი}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|flè}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|pua}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|fure}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|bulak}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|फूल|n}}, {{W+|hi|पुष्प|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|bulak}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|paj}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bloem|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|פֶּרַח|n|tr=pérakh}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|floro}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|ìfulū}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|sabong}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|blostma|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|flour}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|flower}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|зиза}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|flor}}
* {{Z|iu}}: {{W-|iu|nunangoark}}, {{W-|iu|perusiatsiark}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|sumping}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|bláth}}, {{W-|ga|plúr|n}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|fiuri|n-p}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|fiore|n}}
* {{Z|ium}}: {{W-|ium|biangh}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|blóm|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|花|tr=はな, hana}}
* {{Z|anq}}: {{W-|anq|ohag}}
* {{Z|jra}}: {{W-|jra|bơnga}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|wunga}}, {{W-|kaw|kĕmbang}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|kembang}}
* {{Z|quc}}: {{W-|quc|kotz’i’j}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|цецг}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಹೂವು|sc=Knda}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|sampaga}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|kwiat|n}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|flor|m}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|ka fej}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|tuktu}}, {{W-|qu|t'ika}}, {{W+|qu|sisa}}, {{W-|qu|wayta}}, {{W-|qu|waita}}
* {{Z|kjg}}: {{W-|kjg|ຣາງ}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|гүл|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W+|si|මල|sc=Sinh}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|дзоридз}}
* {{Z|kok}}: {{W-|kok|ಪುಲ್}}
* {{Z|okm}}: {{W-|okm|곶|tr=kwòc}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|꽃}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W+|co|fiore|n}}
* {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|fler}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|чечек|tr=çeçek}}
* {{Z|lbj}}: {{W-|lbj|མེན་ཏོག}}
* {{Z|lkt}}: {{W-|lkt|wanahca}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|zīds|n}}, {{W-|ltg|puče|m}}, {{W-|ltg|puke|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|flōs|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|zieds|n}}, {{W+|lv|puķe|m}}
* Lenape:
*: {{Z|unm}}: {{W-|unm|òtaès}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ດອກໄມ້}}, {{W-|lo|ດອກ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|цуьк}}, {{W-|lez|гуьл}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|sciura|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|žiedas|n}}, {{W+|lt|gėlė|m}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|fior|n}}
* {{Z|knb}}: {{W-|knb|sabong}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦡᦸᧅᧈ}}, {{W-|khb|ᦡᦸᧅᧈᦺᦙᧉ}}
* {{Z|lg}}: {{W-|lg|ekimuli}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|liua}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Blumm|m}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|ulak}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|цвет|n}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|voninkazo}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പൂവ്}}, {{W+|ml|പുഷ്പം}}, {{W+|ml|മലർ}}, {{W+|ml|അലർ}}, {{W+|ml|കുസുമം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|bunga}}, {{W-|ms|kesuma}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|fjura|m}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡳᠯᡥᠠ}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|bolak}}
* {{Z|mns-nor}}: {{W-|mns-nor|сё̄ри}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|putiputi}}, {{W-|mi|puāwai}}, {{W-|mi|puaka}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|bolak}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|फूल|sc=Deva}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|пеледыш}}
* {{Z|mas}}: {{W-|mas|ntapukai}}, {{W-|mas|ntapuka|p}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|lool}}, {{W-|yua|nikte’}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|poty}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|virág}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|პეული}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|wnb|n|h=M42:n-b-M13}}
* {{Z|min}}: {{W-|min|bungo}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|frol}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|панчф}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|цэцэг|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|wmw}}: {{W-|wmw|luwa}}
* Nahuatl:
*: {{Z|nhn}}: {{W-|nhn|xochitl}}
*: {{Z|nch}}: {{W-|nch|xochitl}}
*: {{Z|naz}}: {{W-|naz|xuchi}}
*: Klasîk: {{W-|nci|xochitl}}
*: {{Z|ncl}}: {{W-|ncl|xuchil}}
* {{Z|naq}}: {{W-|naq|ǃkhas}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|силакта}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|fiore|n}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|chʼil bílátah hózhóón}}, {{W-|nv|chʼilátah baa hózhónii}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Bloom|m}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|फूल}}
* {{Z|new}}: {{W-|new|स्वां}}
* {{Z|xul}}: {{W-|xul|gamburra|p}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|flieur|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|blomst|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|blom|n}}, {{W+|nn|blome|n}}, {{W+|nn|blomster|n}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|waabigwan}}, {{W-|oj|waabigwaniin|p}}
* {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|flor|m}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|flor|m}}, {{W+|oc|hlor|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଫୁଲ}}, {{W+|or|ପୁଷ୍ପ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|abaaboo}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|дидинӕг}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|چیچك|tr=çiçek}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|گۈل|sc=ug-Arab}}, {{W-|ug|چېچەك|sc=ug-Arab}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|chechak}}, {{W+|uz|gul}}
* {{Z|pac}}: {{W-|pac|piêr}}
* {{Z|pau}}: {{W-|pau|bung}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|puppha|nt}}
*: {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|पुप्फ|nt|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|dalapdap}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|flor}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|ګل|n|tr=gul}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|shuchit}}, {{W-|ppl|xuchit}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Bloom|m}}
* {{Z|pox}}: {{W-|pox|kjot|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|kwiat|m-in}}
* {{Z|roa-opt}}: {{W-|roa-opt|chor}}, {{W-|roa-opt|flor}}, {{W-|roa-opt|fror}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|flor|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਫੁੱਲ}}
* {{Z|pua}}: {{W-|pua|tsïtsïki}}
* {{Z|pwo}}: {{W-|pwo|ဖီၫ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|гүл|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cop}}:
*: Bohaîrî: {{W-|cop|ϩⲣⲏⲣⲓ|m}}
*: Sahîdî: {{W-|cop|ϩⲣⲏⲣⲉ|m}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|fúl}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|fiôr|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|flur}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|luludǐ|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|floare|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|цвето́к|n}}, {{W-|ru|цветы́|p}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|цві́тя}}, {{W-|rue|цві́ток|n}}, {{W-|rue|цві́тка|m}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|rássi}}, {{W-|se|lieđđi}}
* {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|plåamstere}}, {{W-|sma|rïesege}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W+|sm|fuga}}
* {{Z|sg}}: {{W+|sg|kongö}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|पुष्प|nt}}, {{W+|sa|पुल्ल}}, {{W+|sa|कुसुमम्}}, {{W+|sa|प्रसूनम्}}, {{W+|sa|सुमम्}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱯᱷᱩᱞ}}, {{W-|sat|ᱵᱟᱦᱟ}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|fiòre}}, {{W-|sc|flore}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|bulak}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|ciuri|n}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|kwjot|n}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|گلٍ|tr=gilaa|sc=sd-Arab}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|bromki}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|цвет|n|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|цвијет|n|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|cvet|n}}, {{W+|sh|cvijet|n}}
* {{Z|sip}}: {{W-|sip|མེན་ཏོག|tr=min to'}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠚꠥꠟ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|flouer}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|цвѣтъ|n|sc=Cyrs}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|цвѣтъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|kvet|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|cvet|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|ubax}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|kwětk|n}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|kwět|n}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W+|st|palesa}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|flor|m}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|kembang}}, {{W-|su|puspa}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|მუღვა̈ჲ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ua|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|blomma|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|မွၵ်ႇ}}
* {{Z|xsr}}: {{W-|xsr|མེན་ཏོག|tr=mentok}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W-|sn|ruva}}
* {{Z|tyz}}: {{W-|tyz|bjooc}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|гул|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|bulaklak}}
* {{Z|ty}}: {{W-|ty|pua}}, {{W-|ty|tiare}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|மலர்}}, {{W+|ta|பூ}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|pȍbénemą}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|fiure|n}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|ṯanewwašt}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|sumping}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ดอก}}, {{W+|th|ดอกไม้}}, {{W+|th|บุษบา}}
* {{Z|tdd}}: {{W-|tdd|ᥛᥩᥐᥱ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పువ్వు}}, {{W+|te|పుష్పము}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⴰⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳ|n}}
* {{Z|tft}}: {{W-|tft|saya}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|şeşek}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|гөл}}, {{W+|tt|чәчәк}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|funan}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ዕምባባ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çiçek}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|gül}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|མེ་ཏོག}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|matala'i 'akau}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|pyāpyo}}
* {{Z|tum}}: {{W-|tum|luwa}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|сяська}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|پھول|n|tr=phūl}}, {{W-|ur|پشپ|n}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|кві́тка|m}}, {{W+|uk|цвіт|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|fior}}
* {{Z|vep}}: {{W-|vep|änik}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|hoa}} ({{W+|vi|花}}), {{W+|vi|bông}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|flor}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|fleur}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|blodyn|n}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W-|wo|ntortor}}
* {{Z|wuh}}: {{W-|wuh|maidok}}, {{W-|wuh|hu}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ផ្កា}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|intyatyambo}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|гул}}
* {{Z|yka}}: {{W-|yka|sumping}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|чэчик}}, {{W-|sah|сибэкки}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|בלום|m}}, {{W-|yi|קווייט|n}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|òdòdó}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|άνθος|nt}}, {{W+|el|λουλούδι|nt}}, {{W+|el|ανθός|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἄνθος|nt}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|blomme|m}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|va}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|imbali|c9|c10}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{nav|ku|z=-}}
# {{f|ku|devkî}} '''[[gulê bûn]]''': &lt;br&gt;[[guh lê bûn]], [[bihîstin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mi '''gul''' te nebû.|Min guh li te nebû. Min dengê te nebihîst.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Mi '''gul''' muzîkê bû.|Min muzîk bihîst. / Dengê muzîkê hat min.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>8m6r7vtwpm36u3sqmzs4jqlfsu8whrb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4797</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290890</id>
      <parentid>6242595</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290890</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9236" sha1="bt5oey5b3d2p5wb8ys0yl1lur45s9xs" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|gan|form=gerguhêz|niha=gê|borî=ga}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}, {{f|ku|tabû}}
# [[têkiliyên cinsî|Têkiliyên cinsî]] hebûn ( [[penîs]] kirin di [[vajîna]]yî re).
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[penîs|Penîs]](ê xwe) kirin di cihekî re.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bela|Belayekî]] mezin anîn serê kesekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ev rewşa aborî feqîr û hejaran '''digê'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گان}}

==== Tewîn ====
* [[-gê-]]

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|gayin
|gayîn
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|niyan
|seks
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gayin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|gan kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|gan dan
|gankirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|gandan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|gankirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|ganawî
|gander
|ganderî
|ganker
|gankerî
|ganik
|ganbazî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|گان}}, {{hv|fa|گائیدن|tr=gayîden}}, {{hv|pal|tr=gaden}}, {{q|pal|tr=gad|w=[[zinê]]}} ji {{ji|ira}}. Dibe ku têkildarî [[ga]] ji ber ku heywanek [[tovî]] an [[fehl]] e anku ji bo ku [[çêlek|çêlekan]] bigê tê bikaranîn.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|naai}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|qij}}, {{W-|sq|shkërdhej}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|fut}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|চোদ}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|sikmək|sc=Latn}}, {{W-|az|qayırmaq|sc=Latn}}, {{W+|az|soxmaq|sc=Latn}}, {{W-|az|sikişmək|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|txortan egin}}, {{W-|eu|larrutan egin}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|яба́ць|impf}}, {{W-|be|пярдо́ліць|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|be|яба́цца|impf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|চুদা}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|еба́|impf}}, {{W+|bg|ши́бам|impf}}, {{W+|bg|чу́кам|impf}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|mrdat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|prcat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|šukat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|šoustat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|jebat|impf}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|屌}}, {{W-|yue|𨳒|tr=diu2}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|屌|tr=tiáu}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|幹|tr=gàn}}, {{W+|cmn|搞|tr=gǎo}}, {{W+|cmn|操|tr=cào}}, {{W+|cmn|肏|tr=cào}}, {{W+|cmn|日|tr=rì}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|姦|tr=kàn}}, {{W+|nan|使|tr=sái}}, {{W+|nan|箍|tr=kho͘}}, {{W-|nan|躄|tr=pih}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kneppe}}, {{W+|da|bolle}}, {{W-|da|pule}}, {{W-|da|knalde}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|entot}}, {{W+|id|mengentot}}, {{W-|id|ngentot}}, {{W+|id|ngewe}}, {{W+|id|mengancuk}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|نَاكَ}}, {{W-|ar|نَكَحَ}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|ناك|tr=nāk}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|քունել}}, {{W-|hy|քունվել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|fiki}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|nikkuma}}, {{W-|et|nussima}}, {{W-|et|keppima}}, {{W+|et|panema}}, {{W-|et|trukkima}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گائیدن|tr=gâ'yedan}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|mogga}}, {{W-|fo|gilla}}, {{W-|fo|fukka}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|naida}}, {{W+|fi|panna}}, {{W+|fi|nussia}}, {{W+|fi|bylsiä}}, {{W+|fi|hässiä}}, {{W+|fi|kiksauttaa}}, {{W+|fi|muhinoida}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|baiser}}, {{W+|fr|fourrer}}, {{W+|fr|niquer}}, {{W+|fr|enconner}}, {{W+|fr|foutre}}, {{W+|fr|enculer}}, {{W+|fr|sauter}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|dàir}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|foder}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|સંભોગ કરવો}}, {{W-|gu|ચોદવું}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ტყვნა}}
, {{W+|de|rammeln}}, {{W+|de|stechen}}, {{W+|de|stoßen}}, {{W+|de|vögeln}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|चोदना}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|neuken}}, {{W+|nl|naaien}}, {{W+|nl|wippen}}, {{W-|nl|fleppen}}, {{W+|nl|rampetampen}}, {{W+|nl|bonken}}, {{W+|nl|batsen}}, {{W+|nl|ketsen}}, {{W+|nl|krikken}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|זיין|tr=ziyen|cuda=זיין \ זִיֵּן}}, {{W+|he|דָּפַק|tr=dafak}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|iyot}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|nussia}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|futuer}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|scopare}}, {{W+|it|trombare}}, {{W+|it|fottere}}, {{W+|it|chiavare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|ríða}}, {{W-|is|hafa kynmök}}, {{W-|is|sofa hjá}}, {{W-|is|hafa mök við}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|エッチ|tr=etchi suru|cuda=エッチする}}, {{W+|ja|やる|tr=yaru}}, {{W+|ja|犯す|tr=おかす, okasu}}, {{W-|ja|ファック|tr=fakku suru|cuda=ファックする}}, {{W-|ja|まんこする|tr=manko suru}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|ngancuk}}, {{W-|jv|ngencok}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|охх}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|karat}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|follar}}, {{W+|ca|cardar}}, {{W+|ca|fotre}}, {{W-|ca|fer un clau}}, {{W-|ca|fotre un clau}}, {{W+|ca|tirar-se}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|тыгуу}}, {{W-|ky|сигүү}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|씹하다}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|kyjya}}
* {{Z|jam}}: {{W-|jam|jook}}
* {{Z|fkv}}: {{W-|fkv|nussiit}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|futuō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|pisties}}, {{W-|lv|drāzties}}, {{W-|lv|drātēties}}, {{W-|lv|ņemties}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ສີ້}}, {{W-|lo|ເສບສົມ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pistis}}, {{W-|lt|kruštis}}, {{W-|lt|dulkintis}}, {{W-|lt|pyškintis}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|е́бе|impf}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kongkek}}, {{W-|ms|amput}}, {{W-|ms|koncok}}, {{W+|ms|main}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|niek}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡴᡡᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|झवणे|tr=jhavaṇe}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|baszik}}, {{W+|hu|megbasz}}, {{W+|hu|kúr}}, {{W+|hu|megkúr}}, {{W+|hu|dug}}, {{W+|hu|megdug}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|pule}}, {{W+|no|knulle}}, {{W+|no|jokke}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W-|oc|fóter}}, {{W-|oc|fotre}}, {{W-|oc|cardinar}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|سكشمك|tr=sikişmek}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W-|uz|sikmoq}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|pierdolić|impf}}, {{W+|pl|pieprzyć|impf}}, {{W+|pl|jebać|impf}}, {{W+|pl|ruchać|impf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|foder}}, {{W+|pt|montar}}, {{W-|pt|pinar}}, {{W+|pt|comer}}, {{W+|pt|transar}}, {{W+|pt|trepar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|сігу|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|kurel}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|fute}}, {{W+|ro|regula}}, {{W-|ro|cordi}}, {{W+|ro|găuri}}, {{W-|ro|și-o trage}}, {{W-|ro|și-o pune}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|еба́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|вы́ебать|pf}}, {{W+|ru|отъеба́ть|pf}}, {{W+|ru|еба́ться|impf}}, {{W+|ru|сноша́ться}}, {{W+|ru|тра́хать}}, {{W+|ru|тра́хаться}}, {{W+|ru|еть}}, {{W+|ru|ети́}}, {{W+|ru|пердо́лить}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|fútere}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|iyot}}
* {{Z|skr}}: {{W-|skr|یاہݨ}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|fùttiri}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|јебати|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|карати|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|туцати|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|кресати|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|прцати|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|шукати|impf|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|jebati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|karati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|tucati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|kresati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|prcati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|šukati|impf}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|jebať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|drbať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|šukať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|trtkať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|pichať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|mrdať|impf}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|fukati|impf}}, {{W+|sl|jebati|impf}}
* {{Z|zlw-slv}}: {{W-|zlw-slv|jåbac}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|jebaś|impf}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|jebać|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|follar}}, {{W+|es|follarse}}, {{W+|es|joder}}, {{W+|es|coger}}, {{W+|es|chingar}}, {{W+|es|jalar}}, {{W+|es|tirarse}}, {{W+|es|cepillarse}}, {{W+|es|pichar}}, {{W+|es|culear}}, {{W+|es|joder}}, {{W-|es|vergar}}, {{W+|es|cachar}}, {{W+|es|garchar}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kutomba}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|knulla}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|гоидан}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|kantot}}, {{W-|tl|kadyot}}, {{W+|tl|kasta}}, {{W-|tl|gahasa}}
* {{Z|ty}}: {{W-|ty|tītoi}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เย็ด}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|దెంగు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|becermek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|koymak}}, {{W+|tr|sokmak}}, {{W+|tr|kaymak}}, {{W+|tr|halletmek}}, {{W+|tr|sikişmek}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|چودنا|tr=codnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|їба́ти|impf}}, {{W-|uk|їба́тися|impf}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đụ}}, {{W+|vi|địt}}, {{W+|vi|đéo}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|ffwcio}}, {{W-|cy|ffwrcho}}, {{W+|cy|cnuchio}}, {{W-|cy|ffwrchio}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|кыар}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|טרענען}}, {{W-|yi|יענצן}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|dó}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γαμώ}}, {{W+|el|πηδάω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|βινέω}}, {{W-|grc|σπλεκόω}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|fuck|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76041559}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, ''[[tabû]]''
# [[seks]], [[sekskirin]], [[niyan]], [[gayîn]]:
#: {{nm|ku|'''gana''' heywanan}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tenê bi kêrî '''ganê''' tê!}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ga}} ==

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|ga}}
# {{g|ku|bê}}, {{g|ku|bêyî}} ([[dijwate]]ya &quot;[[bi]]&quot;)
#* {{bêmînak|ga}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ga|bê}}

== {{ziman|rhg}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|rhg}}
# [[muzîk#ku|muzîk]]
#* {{bêmînak|rhg}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{f|tk|anatomî}} [[xwîn#ku|xwîn]]
#* {{bêmînak|tk}}

== {{ziman|vo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|vo}}
# {{mijar|vo|heywan}} {{g|ku|qaz}}
#* {{bêmînak|vo}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|vo|qaz}}

== {{ziman|wo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|wo}}
# {{g|ku|mêvan}}
#* {{bêmînak|wo}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|wo|mêvan}}</text>
      <sha1>bt5oey5b3d2p5wb8ys0yl1lur45s9xs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sînor</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4960</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290891</id>
      <parentid>6253556</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290891</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2863" sha1="8sunpnrwgyp9wb19kinj1ipwncdhksx" xml:space="preserve">{{ds|sînor|sinor}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sînor|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[tixûb]], [[hidûd]], [[kewşen]], &lt;br&gt;[[xet]]a ku du [[der]]an ji hev cuda dike &lt;br&gt;(bi taybetî du [[dewlet]]an yan du [[zevî|zeviyan]])
#: {{nm|ku|li ser '''sînorê''' Îranê û Iraqê.}}
# [[dûr]]tirîn [[cih]]ê yan [[nuqte]]ya [[destûr]] heye mirov biçiyê yan bike
#: {{nm|ku|Divê '''sînorek''' bo [[ceng]]ê bêt danîn.|Nabe hema ceng [[çawa]] be, bêt [[qebûlkirin]].}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|sinir
|sinor
|sîndor
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêsînor
|bêsînorî
|bisînor
|bisînorî
|sersînor
|sersînorî
|sînordar
|sînordarî
|sînor girtin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|sînor vekirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|sînor dan
|sînor kirin
|sînor danîn
|sînorkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|sînordan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|sînordanîn
|sînorkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|el|ku|σύνορο|w=sinor}}, ji {{ji|gkm|ku|σῠ́νορον|w=sinor, [[tixûb]], [[lîmît]]}} ji {{ji|grc-koi|ku|σῠ́νορος|w=pê re [[cîranbûn]]}}: {{g|grc|σῠ́ν|w=pê re}} + {{g|grc|ὅρος|w=tixûb}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|grens}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|kufi}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Grenze}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Schranke}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Abgrenzung}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Borte}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Grenzlinie}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Leiste}} {{m}}, {{W-|de|Trennungslinie}} {{m}}, {{W-|de|Deckelung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Einschränkung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Scheide|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|grænse}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حدود}}, {{W+|ar|حد}}, {{W-|ar|فاصل}}, {{W-|ar|عازل}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|limo}}, {{W-|eo|landlimo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مرز}}, {{W+|fa|حد}}, {{W+|fa|لبه}}, {{W+|fa|محدوده}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|mark}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|raja}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|frontière}}, {{W+|fr|limite}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|grins}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|grens}}, {{W+|nl|perk}}, {{W+|nl|landsgrens}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|גבול|cuda=גְּבול}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|border}}, {{W+|en|boundary}}, {{W+|en|frontier}}, {{W+|en|limit}}, {{W+|en|end}}, {{W+|en|perimeter}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|frontiera}} {{m}}, {{W+|it|confine}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|frontera}}, {{W+|ca|límit}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|finis}}, {{W+|la|limes}}, {{W+|la|ora}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|határ}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|grense}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|frontera}}, {{W-|pap|limite}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|confins}}, {{W+|pt|fronteira}}, {{W+|pt|limite}}, {{W+|pt|raia}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|граница}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|frontera}} {{m}}, {{W+|es|límite}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|gräns}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sınır}}, {{W+|tr|hudut}}, {{W+|tr|nokta}}, {{W+|tr|had}}, {{W+|tr|tahdit}}, {{W+|tr|çizgi}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σύνορο}}, {{W+|el|μεθόριος}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8sunpnrwgyp9wb19kinj1ipwncdhksx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cejn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4981</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290892</id>
      <parentid>6262436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:03:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290892</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8528" sha1="l4o0zgglc5g0vywgme13emww1k4ik2y" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-cejn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|cejn|mê}}
[[Wêne:Firework photomontage.jpg|thumb|'''Cejna''' [[sersal]]ê bi [[guleyên hewayî]] tê [[pîroz]]kirin..]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[şahî|Şahî]], [[eyd]], [[pîrozbahî]], [[roşan]], [[roj]]a [[taybet]], [[roj]]a tê [[pîroz]]kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cejna''' newrozê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cejna''' remezanê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cejna''' qurbanan.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cejna''' jidayikbûnê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cejna''' serxwebûnê.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جه‌ژن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|cejin
|cêjin
|cêjn
|cijin
|cijn
|gêjin
|gêjn
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|li cejnê bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|beşdarî cejnê bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|tevlî cejnê bûn
|cejnkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|cejnane
|cejnanê
|cejnî
}}

==== Rastnivîsîn ====
Hin kes texmîn dikin ku divê ew wek &quot;gejn&quot; (yan gejin, geşin, geşn) were nivîsîn. Bi baweriya wan &quot;g&quot; di bin tesîra erebî de bûye &quot;c&quot;. Lê ew bi îraniya kevn *&quot;yesne-&quot; bû û &quot;y&quot; ya iraniya kevn dibe &quot;c&quot; lê nabe g (v dibe g le y na). Bo nimûneyeke guherîna &quot;y &gt; c&quot;, binere &quot;[[cuda]]&quot;. Bi soranî, farisî û pehlewî jî cejn/ceşn e, ne gejn/geşn.

Di erebiya standard de &quot;g&quot; nîne (ji bilî awayê gotina misriyan) lê di kurdî û farisî û zimanên din yên îranî de hem &quot;g&quot; û hem jî &quot;c&quot; bi xwe heye. Ne her peyva ku em bi...&quot;c&quot; dibêjin ji ber tesîra erebî ye. &quot;Car, ceh, cêwî, cêmik...&quot; hemû bi &quot;c&quot; ne (ne bi &quot;g&quot;) lê ti tesîra erebî li ser wan nîne.

Rast e ku &quot;gêzer, gamêş, gûz&quot; ji zimanên îranî ketine erebî û di erebî de bûne &quot;cezer, camûs, cewz&quot; ji ber ku &quot;g&quot; di erebî de nîne. Herwiha me li jor jî diyar kir ku &quot;cewz&quot; ya erebîkirî li farisî vegeriye û cihê &quot;gûz&quot; ya orijînal girtiye. Lê ev &quot;cûz&quot; awarte/istisna ye, bi gelemperî peyvên îranî &quot;g&quot;ya xwe parastiye. Herwiha ti peyvên ku di erebî de neyên bikaranîn, di zimanên îranî bi xwe de &quot;g&quot;ya wan neguheriye û nebûye &quot;c&quot;.

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*iag-}} ([[rêz girtin|rêz lê girtin]], [[peristin]] - ji ber ku li destpêkê cejn bi taybetî yên dînî û bo xwedayan bûn), {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*yejne-}}, [[hevreh]]a sanskrîtî ''yeşne-'', avestayî ''yesne-'', farisiya kevn ''*yeşne-'', pehlewî ''ceşn'', farisî {{g|fa|جشن}} (ceşn), soranî {{g|ckb|جه‌ژن|tr=cejn}}...

&lt;small&gt;Çavkanî: {{Chyet}}&lt;/small&gt;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|fees}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|festival|n}}, {{W+|sq|festë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Festival|nt}}, {{W+|de|Fest|nt}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Fäscht|nt}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|festival}}, {{W+|az|bayram}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|jai}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|байрам}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|фестыва́ль|n}}, {{W-|be|свя́та|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|উৎসব}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|пра́зненство|nt}}, {{W+|bg|фестива́л|n}}, {{W+|bg|пра́зник|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ပွဲတော်}}, {{W+|my|ပွဲ}}
* {{Z|kac}}: {{W-|kac|poi}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|meesa}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|festival}}, {{W+|cs|svátek|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|節慶|tr=jiéqìng}}, {{W+|cmn|節日|tr=jiérì}}, {{W+|cmn|節|tr=jié}}, {{W+|cmn|會演|tr=huìyǎn}}, {{W+|cmn|匯演|tr=huìyǎn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|festival|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|festival}}, {{W+|id|pesta}}, {{W+|id|perayaan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عِيد|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տոն}}, {{W+|hy|փառատոն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|festivalo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|pidustused|p}}, {{W+|et|festival}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جَشْنْوارِه|tr=jašnvâre}}, {{W+|fa|فِسْتیوال|tr=festivâl}}, {{W+|fa|عِیْد|tr='eyd}}, {{W+|fa|جَشْن|tr=jašn}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|hátíð|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|juhlat|p}}, {{W+|fi|festivaali}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|festival|n}}, {{W+|fr|fête|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|féill|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|festival|n}}, {{W+|gl|festa|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|ઓચ્છવ|n}}, {{W-|gu|મહોચ્છવ|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ფესტივალი}}, {{W-|ka|ფესტი}}, {{W-|ka|დღესასწაული}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|त्योहार|n}}, {{W+|hi|जश्न|tr=jaśn|n}}, {{W+|hi|उत्सव|n}}, {{W+|hi|पर्व|n}}, {{W+|hi|मेला|n}}, {{W+|hi|ईद|m}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|rooj noj mov}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|festival|nt}}, {{W+|nl|feest|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|פֶסטִיבָל|n|tr=festivál}}, {{W+|he|חַג|n|tr=khag}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|festivalo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|frēols|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|celebration}}, {{W+|en|feast}}, {{W+|en|festival}}, {{W+|en|party}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|fleá|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|festival}}, {{W+|it|mostra}}, {{W+|it|rassegna}}, {{W+|it|sagra|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hátíð|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|祭り|tr=まつり, matsuri}}, {{W+|ja|祭典|tr=さいてん, saiten}}, {{W+|ja|祝祭|tr=しゅくさい, shukusai}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಹಬ್ಬ}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|raymi}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|майрам}}, {{W+|ky|фестиваль}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W+|si|උත්සවය}}, {{W+|si|සැණකෙලිය}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|축제}}, {{W+|ko|축일}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|feria|m}}, {{W-|la|festum|nt}}, {{W-|la|festivitas|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|festivāls|n}}, {{W-|lv|svētki|n-p}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ງັນ}}, {{W-|lo|ງານ}}, {{W-|lo|ມະຫະກຳ}}, {{W-|lo|ງານບຸນ}}, {{W-|lo|ກອງບຸນ}}, {{W+|lo|ມື້ພັກ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|festivalis|n}}, {{W+|lt|šventė|m}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|fest|nt}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|фестива́л|n}}, {{W-|mk|празник|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഉത്സവം}}, {{W+|ml|മേള}}, {{W+|ml|പെരുന്നാൾ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|perayaan}}, {{W+|ms|festival}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|ard-laa|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|taiopenga}}, {{W-|mi|hui taurima}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|fesztivál}}, {{W+|hu|ünnepség}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|ḥꜣb|h=H-b-W4}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|mn|баяр ёслол}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|पर्व}}, {{W+|ne|चाड}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|festival|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|festival|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|بايرام}}, {{W-|ug|فېستىۋال}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|festival}}, {{W+|uz|bayram}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|mahussava}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|عيد|n|tr='id}}, {{W+|ps|جشن|n|tr=ǰašᶕn}}, {{W-|ps|فستيوال|n|tr=festiwāl}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|festiwal|n}}, {{W+|pl|święto|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|festival|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|мейрам}}, {{W-|kk|мереке}}, {{W-|kk|фестиваль}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|festival|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|фестива́ль|n}}, {{W+|ru|пра́здник|n}}, {{W+|ru|пра́зднество|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|उत्सव|n}}, {{W+|sa|महोत्सव|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|фестѝва̄л|n}}, {{W-|sh|пра̑знӣк|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|festìvāl|n}}, {{W+|sh|prȃznīk|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|festival|n}}, {{W-|sk|sviatok|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|festival|n}}, {{W+|sl|praznik|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|festival|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|tamasha}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|festival|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ပွႆး}}
* {{Z|sle}}: {{W-|sle|ಹಬ್ಬ}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ид}}, {{W-|tg|фестивал}}, {{W+|tg|ҷашн}}, {{W-|tg|ҷашнвора}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|งานฉลอง}}, {{W+|th|มหกรรม}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పండుగ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|бәйрәм}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|festival}}, {{W+|tr|şenlik}}, {{W+|tr|bayram}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|festiwal}}, {{W+|tk|baýram}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|དུས་ཆེན}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|تِہْوار|n}}, {{W-|ur|عِید|m}}, {{W-|ur|جَشْن|n}}, {{W-|ur|میلَہ|n}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|фестива́ль|n}}, {{W-|uk|свя́то|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|ngày hội}}, {{W-|vi|đại hội liên hoan}}, {{W+|vi|hội diễn}}, {{W+|vi|lễ hội}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gŵyl|n|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|បុណ្យ}}, {{W+|km|មហោស្រព}}, {{W-|km|ពិធីបុណ្យ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|бырааһынньык}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|יאָמטעוו}}, {{W-|yi|פֿעסטיוואַל|n}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φεστιβάλ}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πανήγυρις|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|festival|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76463393}}</text>
      <sha1>l4o0zgglc5g0vywgme13emww1k4ik2y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>şûştin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5090</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290893</id>
      <parentid>6242568</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290893</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10079" sha1="hchkqct64vyqdlc33b28f2tnsq4qegd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ʃuːʃˈtɘn/}}
** (''[[rojhilatî]]'') {{IPA|ku|/ʃʉːʃˈtɘn/}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|şûştin|form=gerguhêz|niha=şo|borî=şûşt}}
[[Wêne:OCD handwash.jpg|thumb|Kesek destên xwe '''dişo'''.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# Bi [[av]]ê [[paqij]] kirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Destekê sunnet e tê da di yekê nessê kitab e&lt;br /&gt;Dil '''bişo''' tu j' vê nifaqê ko bidit sîne beraqê&lt;br /&gt;Bi sefa hemrehê erbabê dil û ehlê sefa be}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Xwîn bi xwînê nayê '''şûştin'''.|nivîskar=Hasan Polat|sernav= Nêrinek li ser romana Mîrzayê Reben|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/kitap/2020/02/18/nerinek-li-ser-romana-mirzaye-reben/|dîrok=18.02.2020|malper=gazeteduvar.com.tr}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Du dest cilên mela bazîd hebûn, yek '''berşûştûnê''' bû yek dişûştin yek jî ber dikirin. Jina mela bazîdî înan ew destêd cilêd mayî ku '''berşûştûnê''' bûn, daye jaran...|nivîskar=Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî|sernav=Cami’eya Riseleyan û Hikayetan Bi Zimanê Kurmancî|cîh=Stembol&lt;br /&gt; |weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Lîs|Lîs}}|sal=2010|çap=1|rûpel=60|isbn=978-605-5683-27-6}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|شووشتن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|şîştin
|şuştin
|şwîştin
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|balav}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|[[aman]] şûştin
|[[cil]] şûştin
|[[firax]] şûşin
|[[leş]]ê xwe şûştin
|serê xwe şûştin
|[[xwe]] şûştin
|amanşo
|amanşok
|amanşokî
|amanşoyî
|destşo
|destşok
|destşokî
|destşoyî
|pêşo
|pêşok
|serşo
|serşok
|serşokî
|têşo
|têşok
|veşo
|veşok
|veşokî
|veşoyî
|veşûştin
|berşûştin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira-pro||-}} '''*xşaud'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{ae}}: '''xşaod'''- (&quot;to become liquid&quot;), '''xşaodah'''- (&quot;herrikîna avê&quot;),
{{xpr}}: '''şwd'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{pal}}: '''şwd'''-, '''şws'''-, '''şus'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{fa}}: '''şo'''- (&quot;şustin&quot;),
{{bal}}: '''şuş'''-, '''şus'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{gil}}: '''şos'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{kmr}}: '''şûştin'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{ckb}}: '''şûştin, şordin'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{hac}}: '''şi'''- (&quot;şûştin&quot;),
{{zza}}: ''' şiten / şi'''-) {{ir}},
{{sa}}: '''kşod''' (&quot;to dissolve&quot;, &quot;to disintegrate&quot;)

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:12px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.455]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[şitin]], [[şordin]], [[şûştin]]
* Zazakî: şutene, şutiş

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}

* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|was}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|eaba}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|lan}}
* {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|dwahan}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|waschen}}, {{W+|de|spülen}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Siryanî: {{W-|syc|ܣܚܐ|tr=sħā|sc=Syrc}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|spel}}, {{W-|rup|aspel}}, {{W-|rup|lau}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|ধোৱা}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|llavar}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|yumaq}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|garbitu}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|йыуыу}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|мыць|impf}}, {{W-|be|памы́ць|pf}}; {{W-|be|праць|impf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|ধোয়া}}, {{W+|bn|ধোওয়া}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|hugas}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|gwalc'hiñ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ми́я|impf}}, {{W+|bg|измивам}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဆေး|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|угааха}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|mýt|impf}}, {{W+|cs|prát|impf}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏕᎬᎩᎶᎠ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|洗|tr=sai2}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|洗|tr=xǐ}}, {{W-|cmn|洗滌|tr=xǐdí}}, {{W+|cmn|沖洗|tr=chōngxǐ}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ҫу}}
* Classical Nahuatl: [[paca|pāca]]
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|vaske}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|һууй|tr=huuy}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|rįesa}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|mencuci}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|غَسَلَ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|լվալ|sc=Armn}}, {{W+|hy|լվանալ|sc=Armn}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|lavi}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|pesema}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|авдай}}, {{W-|eve|хилкадай}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|авми}}, {{W-|evn|силкими}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شستن|tr=šostan}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|vaska}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pestä}}; {{W+|fi|tiskata}}, {{W+|fi|pyykätä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|laver}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|lavâ}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|waskje}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|lavar}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|რეცხვა|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|გარეცხვა|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ბანვა|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|johéi}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|lave}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|holoi}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|धोना}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wassen}}, {{W+|nl|spoelen}}, {{W+|nl|afspoelen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|רָחַץ|tr=rakháts}}, {{W+|he|שָׁטַף|tr=shatáf}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|lavar}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|þwēan}}, {{W-|ang|wascan}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|wasshen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|wash}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|nigh}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|nigid}}, {{W-|sga|ind·aim}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|uxat}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|lavare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|þvo}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|洗う|tr=あらう, arau}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|kumbah}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|ngumbah}}, {{W+|jv|raup}}, {{W+|jv|wisuh}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|ssired}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|уһах}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|mëc}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|rentar}}, {{W+|ca|llavar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|mayllay}}, {{W-|qu|t'aqsay}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|چھَلُن}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жуу}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|씻다}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|golhi}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|lavō}}, {{W-|la|luo}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|mazgāt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ລ້າງ}}, {{W-|lo|ຊັກ}}, {{W-|lo|ສ່ວຍ}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W+|li|wasje}}, {{W-|li|wesje}}, {{W+|li|speule}}, {{W+|li|aafspeule}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pláuti}}, {{W-|lt|mazgoti}}, {{W+|lt|prausti|cuda=praũsti}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|lavà}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|ugas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|мие|impf}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|mencuci}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ħasel}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠣᠪᠣᠮᠪᡳ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|horoi}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mos}}, {{W+|hu|kimos}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|jꜥj|h=i-a:N35B}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|угаалга|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|силко-}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|waschen}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|laver}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|þvó}}, {{W-|non|þvætta}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|tvette}}, {{W+|no|vaske}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|lavar}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|miiccuu}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|ӕхсын}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|ییقامق|tr=yıkamak|sc=ota-Arab}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ياقىماق}}, {{W-|ug|يۇماق}}
*: {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|يۇماق}}, {{W-|ug|يۇيماق}}
*: {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|жумақ}}, {{W-|ug|жуймақ}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yuvmoq}}, {{W+|uz|yuvinmoq}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|laba}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|ولل|tr=wlᶕl}}, {{W-|ps|اندرېيل|tr=andreyál}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|lavé}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|myć|impf}}, {{W+|pl|prać|impf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|lavar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жуу|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|dúo}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|lavêr}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|lavar}}, {{W-|rm|laver}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|thovel}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|spăla}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|мыть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|помы́ть|pf}}, {{W+|ru|вы́мыть|pf}}; {{W+|ru|стира́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|постира́ть|pf}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|fulu}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|क्षिपति}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|samunài}}, {{W-|sc|samunàe}}, {{W-|sc|samunàre}}, {{W-|sc|sciacuai}}, {{W-|sc|labare}}
* Scottish Gaelic: [[nigh#Irish|nigh]]
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|laba}}, {{W-|ceb|hugas}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|lavari}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ми̏ти|impf}}, {{W-|sh|пра̏ти|impf}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|mȉti|impf}}, {{W+|sh|prȁti|impf}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠗꠃꠣ}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|мꙑти|impf}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|мꙑти|impf}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|myť|impf}}, {{W-|sk|prať|impf}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|miti|impf}}, {{W-|sl|prati|impf}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|myś|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lavar}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|kumbah}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|osha|cuda=-osha}}, {{W+|sw|fua|cuda=-fua}}, {{W-|sw|nawa|cuda=-nawa}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tvätta}}, {{W+|sv|tvaga}}, {{W+|sv|två}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|yela|cuda=uyela}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|шустан}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|maghugas}}, {{W-|tl|hugasan}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|கழுவு|sc=Taml}}, {{W+|ta|அலம்பு|sc=Taml}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|hugas}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ล้าง}}, {{W+|th|ซัก}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|కడుగు}} ''hands, dishes, etc.'', {{W+|te|ఉతుకు}} ''clothes''
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|yuvmaq}}, {{W-|crh|cuvmaq}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|юарга}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|fase}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yıkamak}}, {{W+|tr|yumak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýuvmak}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|བཀྲུ་བ|sc=Tibt}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|kaukau}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|чуур}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎗𐎈𐎕}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دھونا|tr=dhonā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ми́ти|impf}}, {{W-|uk|пра́ти|impf}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|rửa}}, {{W+|vi|giặt}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|lavön}}
* {{Z|vro}}: {{W-|vro|mõskma}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W-|wa|laver}}, {{W+|wa|rinetyî}}, {{W+|wa|rilaver}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|golchi}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|чуурға}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|លាង}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וואַשן}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πλένω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πλύνω}}, {{W-|grc|νίπτω}}, {{W-|grc|λούω}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|wasse}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|wash|beş=Ev beşa Wergerê|oldid=75572665}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|şûştin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# bi avê pakkirina tiştek an jî kesekî ji qilêrî û lekeyan, karê paqijiya bi avê
#: {{nm|ku|Berî xwarinê '''şûştina''' dest û ser û çavan bi min re bûye adet.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|clean}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yıkama}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>hchkqct64vyqdlc33b28f2tnsq4qegd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nevî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5252</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290894</id>
      <parentid>6262771</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290894</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6321" sha1="sbq3oujj7l6du0q26l4mkv8o56g79fq" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|nevi}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-nevî.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Grandma's Favorite.jpg|thumb|Dapîrek û '''neviya''' wê.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# {{f|ku|malbat}} [[zarok|Zarok]]ên [[zarok]]ên kesekê/î.
#: {{nm|ku|Zarokên kurê te '''neviyên''' te ne.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kurê keça te '''neviyê''' te ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bihar keça Hinarê ye û Hinar keça Çinarê ye anku Bihar '''neviya''' Çinarê ye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) Lê ji kû dapîra Zuleyxa û '''neviya''' wê Besna erebiyê dizanin!|{{Jêgirtin/Sidqî Hirorî/Kurê Zinarê Serbilind/1996}}}}
# [[dûnde]], [[zuryet]], [[paşhatî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

====Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|نه‌ڤی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|nebîk}}
* {{g|ku|nevîk}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|torin}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|bapîr}}
* {{g|ku|dapîr}}
* {{g|ku|bavkal}}
* {{g|ku|kal}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|nevis}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|nebî}}
* {{g|ku|nevê}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nevî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|nevîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|nevîkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|nevîçirk
|nevîçirçirk
|nevîk
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*nepat-}}, ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*h₂népōts}}. Hevreha {{hv|ckb|نەوە}}, {{hv|fa|نوه|tr=nevê}}, {{hv|pal||nep}}, {{hv|peo|𐎴𐎱𐎠}}, {{hv|ae|𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬙|tr=nepat}}, {{hv|sa|नपात्|tr=nepat}}, {{hv|la|nepōs}}, {{hv|grc|ἀνεψιός|tr=anêfiyos|w=[[kinêz]], [[kuzen]]}}, {{hv|ang|nefa}} û inglîziya nû {{q|en|nephew}}. [[nevis|Nevis]] ya kurmancî jî ji heman peyvê ye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|kleinkind|nt}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Kinnskind|nt}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Enkel|n}}, {{W+|de|Enkelkind|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|নাতি|n}}, {{W-|as|নাতিনী|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|nietu|n}}, {{W+|ast|ñetu|n}}, {{W+|ast|nieta|m}}, {{W+|ast|ñeta|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|васасул вас}}, {{W-|av|ясальул яс}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ミッポ|tr=mitpo}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|nəvə}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|biloba}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|নাতি}}, {{W-|bn|নাতনি}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|makuapo}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|bugel-bihan|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|внук|n}}, {{W+|bg|вну́чка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|မြေး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|vnouče|nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|孫|tr=syun1}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|孫子|tr=sūnzi}}, {{W+|cmn|孫兒|tr=sūn'ér}}, {{W+|cmn|孫女|tr=sūnnǚ}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|barnebarn|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|cucu}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حَفِيد|n}}, {{W-|ar|حَفِيدَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|թոռ}}, {{W+|hy|թոռնիկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|genepo}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|tɔgbuiyɔvi|nt}}, {{W-|ee|mamayɔvi|nt}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نوه|tr=nave}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lapsenlapsi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|petit-enfant|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|ogha|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|neto|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|შვილიშვილი}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|moʻopuna}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|नाती|n}}, {{W+|hi|पोता|n}}, {{W+|hi|पोती|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|kleinkind|nt}}, {{W+|nl|kindskind|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|נכד|n|tr=nekhed}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|nepoto}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|grandchild}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|vunukka}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|garpháiste|n}}, {{W-|ga|ó|n}}, {{W-|ga|duine garchlainne|n}}, {{W-|ga|clann clainne|m-p}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|nipote|n|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|barnabarn|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|孫|tr=まご, mago}}
* {{Z|kln}}: {{W-|kln|mjokoret}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|nét|n}}, {{W+|ca|néta|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|willka}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|손주}}, {{W-|ko|외손주}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|flogh gwynn|n}}, {{W-|kw|flogh gwydn|n}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|inyeto}}, {{W-|lad|inyeta}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|bārnubārns}}, {{W-|ltg|unuks}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|nepos|n}}, {{W+|la|neptis|m}}, {{W-|la|nepote}}, {{W-|la|nipote}}, {{W-|la|neptos}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|mazbērns}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຫລານ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|vaikaitis}}, {{W-|lt|anūkas}}
* {{Z|lut}}: {{W-|lut|ʔibac}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|внук|n}}, {{W-|mk|вну́ка|m}}
* Malay:
*: {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|چوچو}}
*: Rûmî: {{W+|ms|cucu}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|പേരക്കുട്ടി}}, {{W+|ml|പേരക്കിടാവ്}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|neputi|n}}, {{W-|mt|neputija|m}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|cloan ny clienney|m}}, {{W-|gv|oe|m}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|mokopuna}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|amymino}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|unoka}}
* {{Z|mer}}: {{W-|mer|kajuju}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|ач}}, {{W+|mn|зээ}}
* {{Z|wlc}}: {{W-|wlc|mdjuhu|c1|c2}}
* {{Z|wmw}}: {{W-|wmw|njukulu}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|bitsóóké}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|barnebarn|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|barnebarn|nt}}
* {{Z|cst}}: {{W-|cst|tsót̄so}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|фыртыфырт}}, {{W-|os|чызджыфырт}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|wnuczę|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|neto|n}}, {{W+|pt|neta|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|внук|n}}, {{W+|ru|вну́чка|m}}, {{W+|ru|внук|n-p|cuda=вну́ки}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|नपात्|n|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|у̀нуче|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ùnuče|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|oe}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|vnúča|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|nieto|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mjukuu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|barnbarn|nt}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|mdjuhu}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|apo}}
* Talysh:
*: {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|نوه|tr=nava}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|mą́kuna}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|ayyaw|n}}, {{W-|rif|tayyawt|m}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หลาน}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|torun}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|уруунуң уруу}}, {{W-|tyv|уруунуң оглу}}, {{W-|tyv|оглунуң уруу}}, {{W-|tyv|оглунуң оглу}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|внуча́|nt}}, {{W-|uk|онуча́|nt}}, {{W-|uk|унуча́|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cháu}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|poscil}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ŵyr|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ចៅ|tr=chav}}, {{W+|km|នត្តា|tr=noattaa}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|אייניקל|nt}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εγγόνι|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἔγγονος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|grandchild|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75894986}}</text>
      <sha1>sbq3oujj7l6du0q26l4mkv8o56g79fq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>êvar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5327</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290895</id>
      <parentid>6262396</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290895</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9033" sha1="croce235cj212u95hm4adpu5v9qg8r1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-êvar.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
** {{deng|ku|Ku-êvar.ogg|Deng|dever=Êlih}}
*** {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-êvar.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|êvar|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dawî|dawiya]] [[roj]]ê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# dema [[rojavabûn]]ê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# dema [[nivistin]]ê ango [[raketin]]ê ango [[razan]]ê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[şahî|şahiyên]] li êvarê tên kirin
#: {{nm|ku|Spas bo wê '''êvara''' xweş.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Dilo rabe diJo rabe&lt;/br&gt;Veke çavan ku '''êvar'''&lt;/br&gt;Nezan û be» di xew da be}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|êvare
|êvarî
}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئێڤار}}
* {{ku-kr|евар}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|spêde
|sibe&lt;q:2&gt;
|sihar
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|danê êvarê
|êvarbaş
|êvar bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|êvarbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[hevreh]]a {{hv|ckb|ئێوار}}, {{hv|peo|𐎠𐎱𐎼|tr=apara|w=dereng, paşî}}, {{hv|ae|𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬀‎|tr=apara|w=dereng; piştî}}, [[hv|sa|अपर|tr=ápara|w=paşî, piştî, derengtir}}, {{hv|got|𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂|tr=afar|w=piştî}}.... hemû {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} ''[[*h₂epero-]]'' (
''Ji peyvek [[hindoewropî]] ya bi wateya &quot;[[dereng]]&quot; ku herwiha serkaniya &quot;[[evening]]&quot; ya îngilîzî, &quot;[[Abend]]&quot; ya almanî û &quot;[[afton]]&quot; ya swêdî ye.''

[[Îre]]/[[yere|êre]] (esr) ya kirdkî ji &quot;ayara&quot; (roj) a avestayî ye, wek [[early]] ya înglizî ji rehekê (PIE: &quot;ayer&quot; : roj) tên. Mebest ji &quot;êvar&quot;ê, derengiya rojê / piştî rojê ye. (D)

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|а́хәылԥаз}}, {{W-|ab|а́хәылбыҽха}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|aand}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mbrëmje|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Abend|n}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Aabig|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|кеч}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ምሽት}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܪܲܡܫܵܐ|tr=rāmša|n}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|searã|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|tarde|m}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|アンチカㇻ|tr=ancikar}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|axşam}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|кис}}
* {{Z|bbl}}: {{W-|bbl|ფსარლო}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|уве́чар|n}}, {{W-|be|ўве́чар|n}}, {{W-|be|ве́чар|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|সন্ধ্যা|sc=Beng}}, {{W-|bn|শাম}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|ве́чер|m|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W-|my|ညနေခင်း}}, {{W+|my|ညနေ}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|chpos̈hka}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|суьйре}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|večer|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|хубар}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|晚上|tr=wǎnshang}}, {{W+|cmn|黃昏|tr=huánghūn}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|каҫ}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|saira|m}}, {{W-|dlm|viaspro|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|aften|g}}
* {{Z|dtp}}: {{W-|dtp|minsosodop}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|petang}}, {{W+|id|malam}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مَسَاء|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|مسا|n|tr=masa}}, {{W-|arz|ليل|n|tr=lēll}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|երեկո}}, {{W+|hy|իրիկուն}}
*: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|երեկոյ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|чокшне}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|vespero}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|õhtu}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|شامگاه|tr=šâmgâh}}, {{W-|fa|عصر|tr='asr}}, {{W-|fa|ایوار|tr=ivâr}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|kvøld|nt}}, {{W-|fo|aftan|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ilta}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W-|fr|soir|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|sere|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|jûn}}, {{W-|fy|jûntiid}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|feasgar|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|tardiña|m}}, {{W-|gl|serán|n}}, {{W-|gl|fresca|m}}, {{W-|gl|vesperada|m}}, {{W-|gl|cudanoite|n}}, {{W-|gl|senoite|m}}, {{W-|gl|lusco-fusco|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|સાંજ}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|საღამო}}, {{W-|ka|მწუხრი|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|დაისი|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|ahiahi}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|शाम|m}}, {{W+|hi|विकाल}}, {{W-|hi|संध्या|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|avond}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|עֶרֶב|n|tr=erev}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|vespero}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|evening}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|сайре}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|tráthnóna|n}}
* {{Z|ruo}}: {{W-|ruo|sęrę}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sera|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|kvöld|nt}}, {{W+|is|kveld|nt}}, {{W-|is|aftann|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|夕方|tr=ゆうがた, yūgata}}, {{W+|ja|夜|tr=よる, yoru}}, {{W+|ja|晩|tr=ばん, ban}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|sore}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|unnuk}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W-|kn|ಸಂಜೆ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|tarda|m}}, {{W+|ca|vespre|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|кеч|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|gil}}: {{W-|gil|tairiki}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|저녁}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|геч}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|tadrada}}, {{W-|lad|tadre}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|vokors}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|vesper|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|vakars|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຍາມແລງ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|ლუმჯი}}, {{W-|lzz|ლიმჯი}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|vakaras|n}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|ȭdõg}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Owend|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|вечер|m}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|hariva}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|സന്ധ്യ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|petang}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|għaxija|m}}, {{W-|mt|filgħaxija|m}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|fastyr|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|ahiahi}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|संध्याकाळ}}, {{W-|mr|सांज|m}}
* {{Z|mzn}}: {{W-|mzn|شوسری|tr=šuseri|sc=mzn-Arab}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|este}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|ონჯუა}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|үдэш}}, {{W+|mn|орой}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|iʼííʼą́|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Avend}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|sé|n}}, {{W-|nrf|saer|n}}, {{W-|nrf|séthée|m}}, {{W-|nrf|seraïe|m}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|kveld|nt}}, {{W-|non|aptann|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|kveld|n}}, {{W+|nb|aften|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|aftan|n}}, {{W-|nn|eftan|n}}, {{W+|nn|kveld|n}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|ゆさんでぃ|tr=yusandi}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|ser}}, {{W-|oc|seir}}, {{W-|oc|soir}}, {{W+|oc|vèspre|n}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|изӕр}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئاخشام}}, {{W+|ug|كەچ}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|oqshom}}, {{W+|uz|kech}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|ماښام|n|tr=mâẍâm}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Owent|n}}
* {{Z|pox}}: {{W-|pox|vicer|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wieczór|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|noite|m}}
* Prakrît:
*: {{Z|pra-sau}}: {{W-|pra-sau|साअं}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਸ਼ਾਮ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|кеш|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|kk|кешкілік}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ|sc=Copt}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|sēra|m}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|saira|m}}, {{W-|rm|sera|m}}, {{W-|rm|seira|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|seară|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|ве́чер|n}}, {{W-|ru|де́нь|n}} ''(early evening)''
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|ве́чур|n}}
* {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|eehid}}
* {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|jeä´ǩǩääž}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W-|sa|संध्या|m}}, {{W+|sa|सायंकाल|n}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|sera}}, {{W-|sc|sero}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|sira|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ве̏че̄|nt}}, {{W-|sh|ве̏че̄р|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|vȅčē|nt}}, {{W+|sh|vȅčēr|m}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|вечеръ|n}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⰲⰵⱍⰵⱃⱏ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|вечеръ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|večer|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|večér|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wjacor|n}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|wječor|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|tarde|m}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ნა̈ბუზ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|jioni}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kväll}}, {{W+|sv|afton}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W-|sn|maneru}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|шом}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|மாலை}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|tameddit|m}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เย็น}}, {{W+|th|ค่ำ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సాయంత్రం}}, {{W+|te|సాయంకాలం}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⵜⴰⴷⴳⴳⵯⴰⵜ}}, {{W-|tzm|ⵜⴰⵎⴷⴷⵉⵜ|m}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|aqşam}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|кич}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ምሸት}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰛𐰃𐰲𐰀|ts=kéče}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|akşam}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|agşam}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|དགོང་དག}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|شام|m|tr=śām}}, {{W-|ur|وکال|tr=vakāl}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ве́чір|n}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|soar}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|noswaith}}, {{W+|cy|hwyr}}, {{W-|cy|noson}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ល្ងាច}}, {{W+|km|យប់}}, {{W+|km|រាត្រី}}, {{W-|km|សាយណ្ហ}}, {{W+|km|សញ្ឈា}}, {{W-|km|ពេលល្ងាច}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|шом}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|киэһэ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W+|yi|אָוונט|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|εσπέρα|m}}, {{W-|el|βράδυ|nt}}, {{W-|el|δειλινό|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἑσπέρα|m}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|daengzgaemh}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}}==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=?}}
# {{g|ku|êvar}}</text>
      <sha1>croce235cj212u95hm4adpu5v9qg8r1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hişyar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5680</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290897</id>
      <parentid>6242452</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290897</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11534" sha1="pqe64g1ssvwep9jwm4eepbqqs4srvf3" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Hişyar}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|hişyar}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ne di [[xew]], ne [[nivistî]], ne [[raketî]], ne [[razayî]], [[şiyar]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hemî şevê em ji tirsan '''hişyar''' man.}}
# li ser [[hiş]]ê xwe, ya/yê ku [[hay]] anku [[agah]] ji xwe heye
#: {{nm|ku|Li xwe '''hişyar''' bin, nekevin.}}
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|agadar|haydar|miqate}}
#: {{dijmaneyên peyvê|ku|nivistî|raketî|razayî}}
# [[aqildar]], [[biaqil]], [[aqilmend]], [[aqil]], [[hişmend]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Li yek '''hişyar''' bin nebête cergebez&lt;br /&gt;Ger divêtin hûn ji narê bin necat}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هشیار}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|heşyar}}
* {{g|ku|şiyar}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hişyarî
|hişyarker
|hişyarkerî
|şiyar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|şiyar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|şiyar man
|hişyar kirin
|hişyar bûn
|şiyarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|şiyarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|şiyarman
|hişyarbûn
|hişyarkirin
|hişyarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|hiş|yar}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|ne nivistî, ne razayî, ne raketî}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|wach}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|epiertu}}, {{W-|ast|despiertu}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|[[ня]] [[спя́чы]]}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|mata}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|dihun}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|буден}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|ikakwi'ti}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|vzhůru}}, {{W-|cs|probuzený}}, {{W-|cs|bdící}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|[[醒]][[着]]|tr=xǐngzhe}}, {{W-|cmn|醒覺|tr=xǐngjué}}, {{W+|cmn|清醒|tr=qīngxǐng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|vågen}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bangun}}, {{W+|id|jaga|cuda=terjaga}}, {{W-|id|[[tidak]] [[tidur]]}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|يَقِظ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|صاحي|tr=ṣāḥī}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|فايق|tr=fāyiq}}, {{W-|ary|صاحي|tr=ṣāḥi}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|զարթուն}}, {{W+|hy|արթուն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|maldorma}}, {{W-|eo|veka}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بیدار|tr=bidâr}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|vakin}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hereillä|cuda=hereillä oleva}}, {{W+|fi|valveilla|cuda=valveilla oleva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|éveillé}}, {{W+|fr|réveillé}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|dùisgte}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|esperto}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მღვიძარე}}, {{W-|ka|გამოღვიძებული}}, {{W-|ka|ფხიზელი}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wakker}}, {{W+|nl|ontwaakt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|ער|tr=er}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|vekanta}}, {{W-|io|vigilanta}}, {{W-|io|vigilema}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|awake}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|i do [[dúiseacht|dhúiseacht]]}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sveglio}}, {{W+|it|desto}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|vakandi}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|目ざめる|cuda=目が覚めた|tr=me ga sameta}}, {{W-|ja|目ざめる|tr=めざめた, mezameta|cuda=目ざめた}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|despert}}, {{W+|ca|llevat}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ойготуу}}, {{W-|ky|сезимин козгоо}}, {{W+|ky|ойгонуу}}, {{W+|ky|козголуу}}, {{W+|ky|жандануу}}, {{W+|ky|баамдоо}}, {{W+|ky|түшүнүү}}, {{W+|ky|ойгоо}}, {{W+|ky|уктабаган}}, {{W+|ky|уйкусуз}}, {{W+|ky|түшүнүүчү}}, {{W+|ky|сак}}, {{W+|ky|абайлагыч}}, {{W+|ky|этият}}, {{W+|ky|этияттуу}}, {{W+|ky|акырын}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|vigil}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|waakreg}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|буден}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|oho}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|éber}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|rêvilyi}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|våken}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|vaken}}
* Old English: ''use the verb {{W-|ang|wacian}}'', {{W-|ang|waciende}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|czujny}}, {{W-|pl|przebudzony}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|desperto}}, {{W+|pt|acordado}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|treaz}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|бо́дрствующий}}, {{W+|ru|просну́вшийся}}, {{W-|ru|[[не]] [[спя́щий]]}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|бу́дан|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|búdan|n}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠢꠎꠣꠉ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|zobudiť sa}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|buden}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|despierto}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|vaken}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|hashiri}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|gising}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|మేలుకునియుండు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|uyanık}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بیدار|tr=bedār}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|[[не]] [[спля́чий]]}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thức}}, {{W+|vi|thức dậy}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|dispierter}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ξύπνιος}}, {{W+|el|αφυπνισμένος}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|awake|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75873607}}

{{werger-ser|haydar, agadar, baldar}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|aufmerksam}}, {{W+|de|wachsam}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|সতর্ক}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|бдителен}}, {{W+|bg|внимателен}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|警惕|tr=jǐngtì}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|يَقِظ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|զգաստ}}, {{W+|hy|արթուն}}, {{W+|hy|զգոն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|vigla}}, {{W-|eo|mallaca}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|virkeä}}, {{W+|fi|pirteä}}, {{W+|fi|valpas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|alerte}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|grad}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सतर्क}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|עֵרָנִי|n|tr=eraní}}, {{W+|he|דָּרוּךְ|n|tr=darúkh}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|alert}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|airdeallach}}, {{W-|ga|beo-intinneach}}, {{W-|ga|biorbach}}, {{W-|ga|braiteach}}, {{W-|ga|fuireachair}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|allerta}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|機敏|tr=きびんな, kibin na|cuda=機敏な}}, {{W+|ja|警戒|tr=けいかいする, keikai suru|cuda=警戒する}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|vigilant}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|기민하다}}, {{W+|ko|경계하다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|intentus}}, {{W-|la|vigilans}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|modrs}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|aläert}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|attent}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|matawhiuwhiu}}, {{W-|mi|hiwa}}, {{W-|mi|mataara}}, {{W-|mi|ohiti}}, {{W-|mi|ohitu}}, {{W-|mi|matatū}}, {{W-|mi|tauwhiro}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|oppmerksom}}, {{W+|no|våken}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|schneiw}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|czujny}}, {{W+|pl|uważny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|alerta}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|бди́тельный}}, {{W+|ru|внима́тельный}}, {{W+|ru|насторо́женный}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|सतर्क}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|poplach}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|alerta}}, {{W+|es|vigilante}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|chonjo}}, {{W+|sw|tahadhari}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|alert}}, {{W+|sv|vaken}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|uyanık}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سترک|tr=satark}}

* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|насторо́жений}}, {{W+|uk|ува́жний}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|alert|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76011476}}

{{werger-ser|hişmend, biaqil}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|ӏуш}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|urtë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|weise}}, {{W+|de|klug}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|wiis}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|mintimen}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ağıllı}}, {{W-|az|müdrik}}, {{W-|az|hikmətli}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|му́дры}}, {{W-|be|разу́мны}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|мъ́дър}}, {{W+|bg|у́мен}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|moudrý}}, {{W+|cs|rozumný}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|明智|tr=míngzhì}}, {{W+|cmn|英明|tr=yīngmíng}}, {{W+|cmn|高明|tr=gāomíng}}, {{W+|cmn|聰明|tr=cōngming}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|vis}}, {{W+|da|klog}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bijaksana}}, {{W+|id|bijak}}, {{W-|id|wicak}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حَكِيم}}, {{W-|ar|فَطِن}}, {{W-|ar|فَطُن}}, {{W+|ar|عَاقِل}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|իմաստուն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|saĝa}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|tark}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دانا|tr=dânâ}}, {{W+|fa|خردمند|tr=xeradmand}}, {{W-|fa|زنیر|tr=zenir}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|viisas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sage}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|wiis}}

* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|crìonna}}, {{W-|gd|glic}}, {{W-|gd|seanacheannach}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|sabio|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐌲𐍃}}, {{W-|got|𐍆𐍂𐍉𐌸𐍃}}, {{W-|got|𐍃𐌽𐌿𐍄𐍂𐍃}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ჭკვიანი}}, {{W+|ka|ბრძენი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|बुद्धिमान}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wijs}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|חָכָם|tr=khakhám}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|wīs}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|wise}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|críonna}}, {{W-|ga|fáidhiúil}}, {{W-|ga|seanchríonna}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|saggio}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vís}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|賢い|tr=かしこい, kashikoi}}, {{W+|ja|賢明|tr=けんめいな, kenmei na|cuda=賢明な}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಜಾಣ}}
* {{Z|xqa}}: {{W-|xqa|بِلْكا|tr=bilgē}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|savi}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|گاٹُل|tr=gāṭul}}, {{W-|ks|गाटुल|tr=gāṭul}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|акылман}}, {{W+|ky|даанышман}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|endza hikima|cuda=-endza hikima}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|현명하다}}, {{W+|ko|명철하다}}, {{W-|ko|지혜롭다}}, {{W+|ko|슬기롭다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|gudrys}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|sapiens}}, {{W-|la|cordātus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|gudrs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ສັບປັນຍາ}}, {{W-|lo|ສະຫລາດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|išmintingas}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|klug}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|му́дар}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|bijaksana}}, {{W+|ms|bijak}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|bölcs}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|hóyą́}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|sage|n|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|vis}}, {{W+|nb|klok}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|savi}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|donishmand}}, {{W+|uz|dono}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|weis}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mądry}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sábio}}, {{W+|pt|sensato}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|дана}}, {{W-|kk|данышпан}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|maori}}
* Romani:
*: {{Z|rmw}}: {{W-|rmw|gožvalo}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|cu scaun la cap}}, {{W+|ro|înțelept}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|му́дрый}}, {{W+|ru|у́мный}}, {{W+|ru|разу́мный}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|कवि}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|му́дар}}, {{W-|sh|у̑ман}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|múdar}}, {{W+|sh|ȗman}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|мѫдръ}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|мудръ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|múdry}}, {{W-|sk|umný}}, {{W-|sk|rozumný}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|moder}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|mudry}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sabio}}, {{W+|es|juicioso}}, {{W-|es|sapiente}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|staarabu|cuda=-staarabu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|vis}}, {{W+|sv|klok}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|доно}}, {{W+|tg|хирадманд}}, {{W-|tg|донишманд}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|marunong}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|சாது}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|เฉลียวฉลาด}}, {{W+|th|ฉลาด}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|తెలివైన}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀|ts=bilge}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|akıllı}}, {{W+|tr|bilge}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|paýhasly}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎈𐎋𐎎}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بدھمان|tr=buddhimān}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|му́дрий}}, {{W-|uk|розу́мний}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|khôn}}
* {{Z|wbp}}: {{W-|wbp|pina}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cymen}}, {{W+|cy|doeth}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ប្រាជ្ញា}}, {{W+|km|ប្រតិពល}}, {{W+|km|ប្រាជ្ញ}}, {{W+|km|វិទូ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σοφός}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|σοφός}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|wise|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76003873}}</text>
      <sha1>pqe64g1ssvwep9jwm4eepbqqs4srvf3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5711</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290898</id>
      <parentid>6262177</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290898</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5921" sha1="9cefeyfim1uxywsxx6ep4oj8p2ksw2b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/tˤɑːv/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-tav.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tav|mê}}
[[Wêne:Sunfish Sunshine copy.jpg|thumb|'''Tava''' rojê li avê dide.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{t-ya nerm}}
# [[ronahî|Ronahiya]] [[roj]]ê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
#* ''Lê hîv çewa ku diçe ava, pêra-pêra '''tav dertê'''.''&lt;ref&gt;''1936, H. Tûmanyan'', ''Xweyî û Xulam'', werger: Casimê Celîl&lt;/ref&gt;
# [[roj|Roj]] (ya li [[esman]]an).
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|تاڤ}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|roh
|şems
|xor
|hor
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|aftav
|aftaw
|{{herwiha|ku|hetav||Dihok}} 
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tavî
|tavîn
|dan tavê&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kirin tav&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tav dan
|tavdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tavbirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|baran
|berf
|ewr
|germ
|hên
|nixte
|sahî
|sar
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*tep-|w=[[germ]] bûn, germ kirin}}, {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*tap-}}, hevreha [[ta]] ([[tasar]] yan [[tagerm]]) ya kurdî, {{g|fa|تاب|w=[[germa]]}} û {{g|fa|تب|tr=teb|w=ta}} yên farisî, ''tep'' ya pehlewî, [[тепло]] (têplo: [[germa]]) ya rusî, latînî [[tepeo]] (germ dikim), [[tepere]] (germ kirin) û [[tepidus]] ([[tênşîr]]) &gt; îtalî [[tepido]], îngilîzî [[tepid]], spanî [[tibio]], fransî [[tiède]])...

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[hetaw]], [[taw]]
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|tîjî|m}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Sonnenschein|n}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|ৰ’দ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|[[сонечны|со́нечнае]] [[святло́]]|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|রোদ}}, {{W+|bn|রইদ}}, {{W-|bn|অইদ}}, {{W+|bn|আফতাব}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|[[слънчев|слъ́нчева]] [[светлина́]]|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|နေရောင်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|[[sluneční]] [[svit]]|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|陽光|tr=joeng4 gwong1}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|陽光|tr=yánggguāng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|solskin|nt}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|އަވި}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|[[نُور]] [[شمس|الشَّمْس]]|n}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|sunbrilo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|päikesepaiste}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|[[نور]] [[آفتاب]]|tr=nur-e âftâb}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|auringonpaiste}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|soleil|n}}, {{W-|fr|[[lumière]] du [[soleil]]|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|raxeira|m}}, {{W+|gl|raiola|m}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|धूप|m}}, {{W-|hi|सूर्यप्रकाश|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zonneschijn|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|שמש זורחת|m|tr=shomésh zorkhát}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|sunnan sċīma|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sunshine}}, {{W+|en|sun}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|[[taitneamh]] [[na]] [[gréine]]|n}}, {{W+|ga|grian|m}}, {{W-|ga|dealramh gréine|n}}, {{W-|ga|solas na gréine|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|luce del sole|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sólskin|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|日光|tr=にっこう, nikkō}}, {{W-|ja|[[太陽]]の[[光]]|tr=たいようのひかり, taiyō no hikari}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|햇빛}}, {{W+|ko|햇살}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ແດດ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Sonneschäin|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|[[сончев|сончева]] [[светлина]]|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|വെയിൽ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hihirā}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|napsütés}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|shą́ą́ʼ}}, {{W-|nv|sháńdíín}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|solskinn|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|solskin|nt}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|گونش|tr=güneş}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Sonnenschien|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|[[światło]] [[słoneczny|słoneczne]]|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|[[luz]] [[do]] [[sol]]|m}}, {{W-|pt|[[luz]] [[solar]]}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|soare|n}}, {{W-|ro|lumina soarelui|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|[[со́лнечный]] [[свет]]|n}}, {{W+|ru|со́лнце|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|आतप}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|[[сунчев|сунчева]] [[светлост]]|m}}, {{W-|sh|[[сунчев|сунчева]] [[свјетлост]]|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|[[sunčev|sunčeva]] [[svetlost]]|m}}, {{W-|sh|[[sunčev|sunčeva]] [[svjetlost]]|m}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|sunsheen}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|[[slnečný]] [[svit]]|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|[[sončen|sončna]] [[svetloba]]|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sol|n}}, {{W-|es|luz del sol|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|solsken|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|[[нур|нури]] [[офтоб]]}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|வெயில்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|แดด}}, {{W-|th|แสงอาทิตย์}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|güneş ışığı}}, {{W+|tr|güneş}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|[[сонячний|со́нячне]] [[світло́]]|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|nắng}}, {{W-|vi|[[ánh]] [[nắng]]}}, {{W-|vi|[[ánh sáng]] [[mặt trời]]}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|heulwen|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ពន្លឺថ្ងៃ}}, {{W-|km|សុរិយោទ័យ}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|sunshine|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75883897}}

{{werger-bnr|roja li esmanan|roj}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[dem|Dem]]a [[roj]] [[ronahî|ronahiyê]] dide dinyayê.
#: {{nm|ku|Îro '''tav''' e; ne baran e.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gul im di destê xaran, Bi îsmê Mihemed nav im&lt;br /&gt;[[Bilbil]] im di gulzaran&lt;br /&gt;Ji işqê lew zerbav im&lt;br /&gt;Di remza muhurdaran&lt;br /&gt;Tu Roj î ez [[hetav]] im.|Feqiyê Teyran}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}
== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[semax]], [[germî]]
#: {{mk|tr|Demir '''tav'''ında eğilir.|Hesin bi germî tê tawandin.|rêz=1}}
# [[tewlîs]], [[hît]], [[piş]], [[zir]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[çir]], [[hit]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[çivrî]], [[qelewî]], [[xurtî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# rewş û dema a herî guncan
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>9cefeyfim1uxywsxx6ep4oj8p2ksw2b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ronî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5717</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290899</id>
      <parentid>6262756</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290899</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2480" sha1="ia4djr09i2n09udtgiy63z04pj56uuk" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Ronî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-ronî.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ronî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Hebûna [[şewqê]], bi şewq.
#: {{nm|ku|Hendirê mala we '''ronî''' ye.}}
# {{f|ku|fizîk}} [[tîrêj|Tîrêj]]a [[elektromagnetîk]] ya dikare bi [[çav]]an bêt dîtin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Roniya''' tavê gihaşt erdê.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Hafizê medh û pesindan&lt;/br&gt;'''Rohniya''' mehbûb û rindan&lt;/br&gt;Bê hîsab werbûn di findan}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕۆنی}}
** (''Mela Hisênê Bateyî'') {{g|ku|sc=Arab|روهنی|tr=rohnî}}
** (''Ehmedê Xanî'') {{g|ku|sc=Arab|روهنی|tr=rohnî}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|sewl
|şewl
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ruhnî}}
* {{g|ku|rehnî}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|tarî}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|roj
|ron
|ronak
|ronahî
|ronîtî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|sahî
|tav
|tîrêj
|tîroj
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|ron|-î}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ronî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ronî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ronî dan
|ronîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ronîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ronîdan
|ronîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ronîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ronî bûn
|ronîbûn
|ronîdar
|ronîdarî
|ronî dayîn
|ronîker
|ronîkerî
}}

==== Werger ====
* {{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Licht|n}}, {{W+|de|leuchtend}}, {{W+|de|anschaulich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|licht|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|Fluidität|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|نور|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آفتابی}}, {{W+|fa|فروغ}}, {{W+|fa|نور}}, {{W+|fa|براق}}, {{W+|fa|روشن}}, {{W+|fa|برق}}, {{W+|fa|منور|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bright}}, {{W+|en|luminous}}, {{W+|en|light}}, {{W+|en|brightness}}, {{W+|en|radiant}}, {{W+|en|sunlight}}, {{W+|en|opto-}}, {{W+|en|photo-}}, {{W+|en|unctuous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fluidity|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|liquidity|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|lucidity|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|transparency|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|transparentness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|washiness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|lubricity|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|translucens|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aydın}}, {{W+|tr|ışıklı}}, {{W+|tr|ışık}}, {{W+|tr|ay ışığı}}, {{W+|tr|aydınlık}}, {{W+|tr|nur}}, {{W+|tr|şavk}}, {{W+|tr|fer}}, {{W+|tr|foto}}, {{W+|tr|ziya}}, {{W+|tr|ziyadar}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ia4djr09i2n09udtgiy63z04pj56uuk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kurdîzar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5812</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290900</id>
      <parentid>6114698</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290900</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="769" sha1="gr68ny8tmoqirhflgdhs8i2f1m11wo5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

==== Bilêvkirin ====
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê [[zar]] ango [[ziman]]ê wan yê [[zimanê dayikî|dayikî]] [[kurdî]] ye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|kurdîziman}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Tiştê bi [[zar]]ê ango [[ziman]]ê kurdî. 
#: {{nm|ku|Kovar û rojnameyên '''kurdîzar'''.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|
|kurdîaxiv
|kurdîpeyiv
|kurdînas
|kurdîzan
}}

==== Jêrnav ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jêrnav
|kurmancîzar
|soranîzar
|hewramîzar
|zazakîzar
|goranîzar
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku|
|erebîzar
|farisîzar
|îngilîzîzar
|tirkîzar
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|kurdî|zar}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|kurdîzarî}}

==== Werger ====
{{bnr-werger|kurdîziman}}</text>
      <sha1>gr68ny8tmoqirhflgdhs8i2f1m11wo5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kurdîziman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5813</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290902</id>
      <parentid>6245966</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290902</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="820" sha1="gjrqcbiuqvbfx291zlg4yw82mxk1dfy" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê [[ziman]]ê wî yê [[zimanê dayikî|dayikî]] [[kurdî]] ye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|kurdîzar}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Tiştê bi [[ziman]]ê kurdî.
#: {{nm|ku|Kovar û rojnameyên '''kurdîzar'''.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|kurdîezman
|kurdîzman
}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|kurdîaxiv
|kurdîpeyiv
|kurdînas
|kurdîzan
}}

==== Jêrnav ====
{{kol3|ku
|kurmancîzar
|soranîzar
|hewramîzar
|zazakîzar
|goranîzar
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|erebîziman
|farisîziman
|îngilîzîziman
|tirkîziman
}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|kurdîzimanî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|kurdî|ziman}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|kurdischsprachig}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gjrqcbiuqvbfx291zlg4yw82mxk1dfy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dîsa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5846</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290903</id>
      <parentid>6262507</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290903</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9412" sha1="eejpc6wxzlb2f74gtokhfxc5lyeq60r" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ˈdiːsɑː/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-dîsa.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
[[Wêne:Laanemaa_j%C3%A4rv_Orkj%C3%A4rve_looduskaitsealal.jpg|thumb|250px|Sibeyan dinya ron dibe lê êvaran '''dîsa''' tarî dibe.]]
{{hoker|ku}}
# ji [[nû]] ve, [[car]]eke [[din]], careke [[dî]], hin car din
#: {{nm|ku|Min nebîst. Ka '''dîsa''' bêje.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dîsa''' were!}}
# [[tevî ku]], [[herçend]] e ku
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ta wir jî çûm lê '''dîsa''' jî min nedît.}}
# [[hê]] jî, ta [[niha]] jî, ta [[hingê]] jî
#: {{nm|ku|Pîr bûbû lê '''dîsa''' jî nedizanî bixwîne û binivîse.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Rûh û rewanê min hebîb&lt;/br&gt;Dîsa bi telbîsa reqîb&lt;/br&gt;Rencîde kir miskên xerîb}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دیسا}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|dîs
|dîsan
|dîsanê
|dîse
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|cardin
|cardî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|dubare}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dîsa bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dîsa danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dîsa girtin
|dîsa anîn
|dîsa dan
|dîsakirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dîsabûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dîsadanîn
|dîsagirtin
|dîsaanîn
|dîsadan
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dî|-san|w1=din|w2=[[san]], [[şêwe]], [[awa]]}}, hevreha {{hv|ckb|دیسان}}, {{q|ckb|دەیسان}}, {{q|ckb|دەی}} û bi metatezê {{q|ckb|سا دەی}}; tev gotî &quot;bi awayekî dî, [[êdî]]&quot;. Paşê ramanka &quot;cardî&quot; wergirtiye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|weer}}, {{W-|af|alweer}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|përsëri}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|erneut}}, {{W-|de|noch einmal}}, {{W+|de|nochmal}}, {{W-|de|schon wieder}}, {{W+|de|wieder}}, {{W+|de|wiederum}}
* {{Z|atv}}: {{W-|atv|ча́ҥыдан}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|јаҥы́дан}}, {{W-|alt|кайтада́н}}, {{W-|alt|та́гы}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|আকৌ}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|পুনু}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|otra vez}}, {{W-|ast|otra vegada}}, {{W-|ast|de nuevo}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|жеги}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|yenidən}}, {{W-|az|yenə}}, {{W-|az|bir daha}}, {{W-|az|bir də}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berriro}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|тағы ла}}, {{W-|ba|тағы берҙе}}, {{W-|ba|йәнә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|зноў}}, {{W-|be|яшчэ́ раз}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|আবার}}
* Berberî:
*: {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|dax}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|giraray}}, {{W-|bcl|liwat}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|adarre}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|повто́рно}}, {{W-|bg|отно́во}}, {{W-|bg|пак}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W-|my|နောက်တဖန်}}, {{W+|my|ထပ်}}, {{W+|my|ပြန်လှန်}}, {{W+|my|နောက်ထပ်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|zase}}, {{W+|cs|opět}}, {{W+|cs|znova}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏏᏇ}}, {{W-|chr|ᏏᏊ}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|ano̠wa'}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|зэ}}, {{W-|dng|ю}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|再|tr=zài}}, {{W+|cmn|又|tr=yòu}}, {{W+|cmn|遍|cuda=再……一遍|tr=zai4... yíbiàn}}, {{W+|cmn|重新|tr=chóngxīn}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|нэмэ|tr=nėmė}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|igen}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|lagi}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مَرَّة أُخْرَى|m|tr=marra ʔuḵrā}}, {{W-|ar|كَرَّة أُخْرَى|m|tr=karra ʔuḵrā}}, {{W-|ar|ثَانِيَةً}}, {{W-|ar|مُجَدَّدًا}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|تاني|tr=tāni}}, {{W-|arz|كمان|tr=kamān, kmān}}
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|مرة ثانية|m|tr=marra ṯānya}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|مَرَّة ثانْية|m|tr=marra tānya}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|عاود تاني|tr=ʕāwd tāni}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|էլի}}, {{W+|hy|կրկին}}, {{W+|hy|նորից}}, {{W+|hy|նորեն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|denove}}, {{W-|eo|ree}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|jälle}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دگربار|tr=degarbâr}}, {{W+|fa|دوباره|tr=do-bâre}}, {{W+|fa|باز|tr=bâz}}, {{W-|fa|از نو|tr=az now}}, {{W+|fa|مجدد}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|aftur}}, {{W-|fo|umaftur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|taas}}, {{W-|fi|uudelleen}}, {{W-|fi|jälleen}}, {{W-|fi|toistamiseen}}, {{W-|fi|vielä kerran}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|de nouveau}}, {{W+|fr|encore}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|wer}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|a-rithist}}, {{W-|gd|às ùr}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|outra vez}}, {{W-|gl|de novo}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍂𐌰}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ხელახლა}}, {{W-|ka|კვლავ}}, {{W-|ka|ისევ}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|hou}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|फिर}}, {{W-|hi|फिर से}}, {{W+|hi|दुबारा}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|dua}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|opnieuw}}, {{W+|nl|nogmaals}}, {{W+|nl|weer}}, {{W+|nl|alweer}}, {{W+|nl|wederom}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|שׁוּב|tr=shuv}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|itere}}, {{W+|io|ankorfoye}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|eft}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|again}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|de novo}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|arís}}, {{W-|ga|athuair}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|di nuovo}}, {{W+|it|ancora}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|aftur}}, {{W-|is|á ný}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|又|tr=mata}}, {{W+|ja|また|tr=mata}}, {{W+|ja|再び|tr=ふたたび, futatabi}}, {{W-|ja|もう一度|tr=mō ichido}}, {{W+|ja|あらためて|tr=aratamete}}, {{W+|ja|再度|tr=saido}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|una altra vegada}}, {{W-|ca|de nou}}, {{W-|ca|un altre cop}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|дагы}}, {{W+|ky|кайтадан}}, {{W-|ky|жаңыдан}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|raha}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|다시}}, {{W+|ko|또}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|de muevo}}, {{W-|lad|yene}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|dēnuō}}, {{W+|la|iterum}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|atkal}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ອີກ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|vėl}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|пак}}, {{W-|mk|повторно}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|വീണ്ടും}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|lagi}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|darb' oħra}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|anō}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|ka’teen}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|jevy}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|újra}}, {{W+|hu|megint}}, {{W+|hu|ismét}}, {{W-|hu|már megint}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|дахин}}
* {{Z|mnw}}: {{W-|mnw|ပၠန်|tr=plan}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W-|nah|occeppa}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|nááná|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|nochmaal}}, {{W-|nds-de|wedder}}, {{W-|nds-de|noch eenmaal}}; {{W-|nds-de|wier}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|encouo}}, {{W-|nrf|acouo}}, {{W-|nrf|co}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|igjen}}, {{W-|nb|på nytt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|igjen}}, {{W-|nn|på ny}}, {{W-|nn|på nytt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|encara}}, {{W-|oc|de nòu}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yana}}, {{W+|uz|qaytadan}}, {{W+|uz|qayta}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|بيا|tr=byâ}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|wada}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ponownie}}, {{W+|pl|znowu}}, {{W+|pl|jeszcze raz}}, {{W+|pl|znów}}, {{W+|pl|apiać}}, {{W-|pl|od początku}}, {{W+|pl|na nowo}}, {{W+|pl|od nowa}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|de novo}}, {{W-|pt|outra vez}}, {{W+|pt|novamente}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|қайтадан}}, {{W+|kk|жаңа}}, {{W-|kk|қайта}}, {{W-|kk|жаңадан}}, {{W-|kk|тағы}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|danovamain}}, {{W-|rm|daniev}}, {{W-|rm|danovmeing}}, {{W-|rm|danievmeing}}, {{W-|rm|danovamaintg}}, {{W-|rm|danövmaing}}, {{W-|rm|danöv}}, {{W-|rm|puspè}}, {{W-|rm|puspei}}, {{W-|rm|puspe}}, {{W-|rm|darcho}}, {{W-|rm|darcheu}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|iarăși}}, {{W-|ro|din nou}}, {{W+|ro|iar}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|опя́ть}}, {{W-|ru|сно́ва}}, {{W-|ru|ещё раз}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|पुनर्}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|arreri}}, {{W+|scn|arrè}}, {{W-|scn|di novu}}, {{W-|scn|donna vota}}
* {{Z|csm}}: {{W-|csm|ˀičáˀ}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|о̏пе̄т}}, {{W-|sh|по̏ново}}, {{W-|sh|снова}}, {{W-|sh|однова}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ȍpēt}}, {{W+|sh|pȍnovo}}, {{W-|sh|snova}}, {{W-|sh|odnova}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠢꠤꠞꠛꠣꠞ|tr=hirbar}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|opäť}}, {{W-|sk|zasa}}, {{W-|sk|znova}}, {{W-|sk|znovu}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|spét}}, {{W-|sl|ponôvno}}, {{W-|sl|znôva}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|zasej}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|zaso}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|otra vez}}, {{W-|es|de nuevo}}, {{W-|es|nuevamente}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|igen}}, {{W+|sv|ånyo}}, {{W+|sv|åter}}, {{W+|sv|på nytt}}, {{W+|sv|å nyo}}, {{W+|sv|återigen}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|аз нав}}, {{W+|tg|боз}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|muli}}, {{W-|tl|nanaman}}, {{W-|tl|ulit}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|อีก}}, {{W+|th|ใหม่}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|మళ్లీ}}, {{W-|te|మరలా}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|kene}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|кабаттан}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|fali}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yeniden}}, {{W+|tr|tekrar}}, {{W+|tr|gene}}, {{W+|tr|yine}}, {{W+|tr|bir daha}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýene}}, {{W+|tk|baryp}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|gen}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|nano}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|پھر|tr=phir}}, {{W-|ur|پھر سے|tr=phir se}}, {{W+|ur|دوبارہ|tr=dubārā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|зно́ву}}, {{W-|uk|знов}}, {{W-|uk|ще раз}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lại}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|eto}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ទៀត}}, {{W-|km|ម្ដងទៀត}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ווידער}}, {{W-|yi|נאָכאַמאָל}}, {{W-|yi|צוריק}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ξανά}}, {{W+|el|πάλι}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πάλιν}}, {{W-|grc|ἄνωθεν}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|again|oldid=75569633|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}</text>
      <sha1>eejpc6wxzlb2f74gtokhfxc5lyeq60r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cardin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5849</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290904</id>
      <parentid>6249526</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290904</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2594" sha1="ssdltlyjbrznxk8wpi9jaahi56xmhdd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[dîsan]], ji [[nû]] ve, [[car]]ek [[din]], carek [[dî]], hin car din, [[dîsa]], [[dîse]]
#: {{nm|ku|Min nebîst, ka '''cardin''' bêje.}}
# [[tevî ku]], [[herçend]] e ku, [[dîsan]] jî
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ta wir jî çûm lê '''cardin''' jî min nedît.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|cardî}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|dîsa
|dubare
|dupat
|tekrar
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|car|din}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|cardin bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cardinbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: [[weer]]
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|abermals}}, {{W+|de|wieder}}, {{W+|de|nochmals}}, {{W-|de|noch einmal}}, {{W+|de|wiederum}}, {{W-|de|andermal|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[още веднъж]]
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|znovu}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|再}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|igen}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|lagi}}, {{W-|id|sekali lagi}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|‏ثانية}}, {{W-|ar|‏ردا على}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|ree}}, {{W-|eo|denove}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تکرار}}, {{W-|fa|یکبار دیگر}}, {{W+|fa|یکباردیگر}}, {{W+|fa|ازنو}}, {{W+|fa|دوباره}}, {{W+|fa|دگربار}}, {{W-|fa|دفعه بعد}}, {{W-|fa|یکبار دیگر}}, {{W+|fa|بازهم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|taas}}, {{W+|fi|jälleen}}, {{W+|fi|uudestaan}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|encore}}, {{W+|fr|de nouveau}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|weer}}, {{W-|nl|van voren af aan}}, {{W+|nl|opnieuw}}, {{W+|nl|nogmaals}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שוב}}, {{W-|he|עוד פעם}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|afresh}}, {{W+|en|again}}, {{W+|en|all over again}}, {{W+|en|anew}}, {{W+|en|once more}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ancora}}, {{W+|it|di nuovo}}, {{W+|it|nuovamente}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|再び}}
* kêçwayî: [[waqmanta]]
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|다시}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|denique}}, {{W-|la|denuo}}, {{W+|la|iterum}}
* maleyî: [[pula]], [[lagi]]
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ismét}}, {{W+|hu|újra}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|igjen}}, {{W-|no|pånytt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|znowu}}, {{W+|pl|ponownie}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|outra vez}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|mai}}, {{W-|ro|din nou}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|опять}}
* {{Z|sh}}: [[ponovo]], [[opet]], [[iznova]]
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|otra vez}}, {{W+|es|de nuevo}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|tena}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|igen}}, {{W+|sv|åter}}, {{W+|sv|ånyo}}
* tagalogî: [[ulî]], [[mulî]]
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yine}}, {{W+|tr|tekrar}}, {{W+|tr|yeniden}}, {{W+|tr|gerisin geriye}}, {{W+|tr|gene|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ξανά}}, {{W+|el|πάλι}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ssdltlyjbrznxk8wpi9jaahi56xmhdd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hişk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5907</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290905</id>
      <parentid>6242458</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290905</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6882" sha1="n2x877xqz9gzir3g85gv99yd91z0oy3" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|hîsk}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/hɘʃk/}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|hişk}}
[[Wêne:Mongolian Gazelle dead of drought.jpg|thumb|Ji ber bê[[baran]]iyê [[riwek]] û [[co]] û [[kanî]] hişk bûne û bûye sedema [[telifîn]]a vê xezalê.]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ne [[ter]], ne [[jîndar]]
#: {{nm|ku|Darên '''hişk'''.}}
# [[bênem]], [[bêbaran]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hewayê vir gelek '''hişk''' e.}}
# [[çikiyayî]], [[bêav]]
#: {{nm|ku|Du sal in ev kanî '''hişk''' bûye.}}
# [[req]]
#: {{nm|ku|Me ji nanê '''hişk''' pêvetir tiştek nîne em bixwin!}}
# [[riwek]]ên piştî [[çinîn]]ê demekê hatine [[hilgirtin]] û ava wan jê çûye
#: {{nm|ku|Mewîj tiriyê '''hişkkirî''' ye.}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[serhişk]], [[serreq]], [[înato]], [[birikmane]], [[fanatîk]], [[tundrew]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هشک}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Cumleê ehwalê 'alem bêş û kem&lt;/br&gt;Wî nivîsî, borî û '''hişk''' bû qelem|Mela Hisênê Bateyî: ''Mewlûd''}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|eşk
|heşk
|ḧişk
}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|ziwa}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|ter
|şil
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|beyar
|dêm
|kizir
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hişk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hişk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hişk man
|hişkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hişkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hişkman
|hişkbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hişkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hişkahî
|hişkatî
|hişkayî
|hişkber
|hişkberî
|hişkesal
|hişkî
|hişkker
|hişkkerî
|hişkkirî
}}

==== Qafiye ====
{{kol3|ku
|mişk
|nişk
|pişk
|xwişk
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|وشک}}, [[kurdiya başûrî]] ''[[hişk]] / [[wişk]]'', lekî ''[[huşk]] / [[hwişk]]'', zazakî ''[[hişk]] / [[wişk]]'', hewramî ''[[hişk]] / [[wişk]]'', belûçî {{g|bal|ہشک}} ''(huşk)'', pehlewî ''huşk'', avestayî [[𐬵𐬎𐬱𐬐𐬀‎]] ''(huşke)'', hexamenişî ''uşke-'', peştûyî {{g|pa|وچ}} ''(wiç, wuç)'', osetî [[хус]] ''(xus)'', farisî {{g|fa|خشک‎}} (xuşk)'', tacikî [[хушк]] ''(xuşk)'', sanskrîtî [[शुष्क]] ''(śúṣka)'', hindî [[शुष्क]] ''(śuṣk)'', latviyayî ''[[sust]]'', lîtwanî ''[[saũsti]]'', rûsî ''[[суши́ть]] (sušítʹ)'', latînî ''[[sudus]]''... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[h₂sews-]].

Ji eynî rehî: [[zuha]], [[ziwa]].

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Rix|Rix r. 285]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins r. 73]], [[Şablon:MacKenzie|MacKenzie r. 122]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]] &lt;/font&gt; | &lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Pokorny:''' 880-881&lt;/font&gt;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|aas}}: {{W|aas|rakaš}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|dor}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|i thatë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|trocken}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W|rup|uscat}}, {{t|rup|sicat}}, {{t|rup|sec}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W|as|শুকান}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|secu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|quru}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|lehor}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W|ba|ҡоро }} (koro)
* {{Z|be}}: {{W|be|сухі́}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|sec'h}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|сух}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ခြောက်}}
* {{Z|pcc}}: {{W|pcc|raangx}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W|ccc|poshewa}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|suchý|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|yue|乾|tr=gon1|sc=Hani}}, {{W+|cmn|乾|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|干|tr=gān|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|乾燥|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|干燥|tr=gānzào|sc=Hani}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W|dlm|sot}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tør}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kering}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|جَاف}} (caf)
:* {{Z|arz}}: {{W|arz|ناشف|tr=naşif}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|չոր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|seka}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kuiv}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|خشک|tr=xošk }}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|turrur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuiva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sec}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W|fur|sut}}, {{t|fur|sec}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|droech}}, {{t+|fy|drûch}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|tioram}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|seco}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W|ka|გამშრალი}}, {{t|ka|მშრალი}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W|ht|sèk}}, {{t|ht|chèch}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सूखा}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W|mww|qhuav}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|droog}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W|hrx|drock}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|יָבֵשׁ|tr=yavésh}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|sika}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W|ang|dryġe}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|dry}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|tirim}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|secco}}, {{t+|it|asciutto}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|þurr}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|乾く|tr=かわいた, kawaita|cuda=乾いた|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W|kea|kran}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|eixut}}, {{t+|ca|sec}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W|qu|ch'aki}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W|swb|kavu|cuda=-kavu}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|마르다|cuda=마른}}, {{t+|ko|건}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W|kw|segh}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W|kum|къуру}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W|ltg|sauss|m}}, {{t|ltg|trosks|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|siccus}}, {{t|la|aridus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W|lv|sauss}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W|lo|ແຫ້ງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|sausas}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W|khb|ᦶᦠᧂᧉ}}, {{t|khb|ᦃᦱᧃᧈ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W|lb|dréchen}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W|mk|сув}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W|gv|çhirrym}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|száraz}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хуурай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W|nv|yíłtseii}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W|nds|dröög}}, {{t|nds|drög}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W|nrf|sé}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W|non|þurr}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|tørr}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|sec}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|suchy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|seco}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W|rap|paka}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W|rm|sitg}}, {{t|rm|setg}}, {{t|rm|shetg}}, {{t|rm|sec}}, {{t|rm|sech}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|uscat}}, {{t+|ro|sec}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|сухо́й}} (suxoy)
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W|rue|сухый}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|शुष्क}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W|sc|asuttu}}
* {{Z|sdc}}: {{W|sdc|asciùttu}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|су̑х|sc=Cyrl}} / {{W+|sh|sȗh}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W|syl|ꠢꠥꠇꠂꠘ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|suchý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|súh}}
* {{Z|dsb}}: {{W|dsb|suchy}}, {{W+|hsb|suchi}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|seco|m}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W|su|garing}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|-kavu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|torr}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W|shn|ႁႅင်ႈ}}, {{t|shn|ႁွင်}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|tuyô}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|แห้ง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పొడి}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kuru}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|gury}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W|bo|སྐམ་པོ}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W|tpi|drai}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W|ur|سوکھا|tr=sūkhā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W|uk|сухи́й}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|suto}}, {{t+|vec|sut}}, {{t+|vec|sech}}, {{t+|vec|seco}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|khô}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|sägik}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|sych}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ស្ងួត}}, {{t+|km|ក្រៀម}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W|yi|טרוקן|tr=trukn}}, {{t|yi|פֿאַרטריקנט|tr=fartriknt}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W|grc|ξηρός|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|στεγνός|m}}, {{t+|el|ξηρός|m}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W|zea|droôg}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W|za|rengx}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>n2x877xqz9gzir3g85gv99yd91z0oy3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêdivî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5914</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290906</id>
      <parentid>6242555</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290906</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2945" sha1="9d3shnp9axm6ap7aycmhbu2h7femh9r" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|pêdivî}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tiştê ku divê bê kirin yan hebe.
#: {{nm|ku|Ma '''pêdivî''' ye ez jî bêm?}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pêdivî''' bû me hê hingê zanîba ku ew derewan dike.}}
# [[muhtac]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پێـدڤی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|pêdvî
|pêtivî
|pêtvî
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|pêwîst
|gerek
|lazim
|hewce
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pêdivî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêdivî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêdivîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pêdivîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pêdivîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pêdivîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pêdivîtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreh bi {{hv|ckb|پێویست}}, {{hv|hac|پەنەۋاز|ts=penevaz}}, ji {{heve|ku|pê|divê|w2=hewce bûn}} (&gt;{{q|ku|vîn}}). Bide ber {{q|ku|xweşdivî}} û {{q|ckb|خۆشەویست}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|nodig}}, {{W-|af|benodig}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|erforderlich}}, {{W+|de|benötigend}}, {{W+|de|notwendig}}, {{W+|de|vonnöten}}, {{W+|de|Erfordernis|m}}, {{W-|de|notig}}, {{W+|de|Notwendigkeit|f}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|nutný}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[لازم]] (lazim), [[ضروري]] (zerûrî), {{W-|ar|الحاجة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الروبة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الزهرة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الشأن|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الصارة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الغرض|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النوال|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوطر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|بغیة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|حتمي|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|ضالة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مأرب|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|متحتم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مستلزم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|bezona}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بایستگی}}, {{W+|fa|ضرورت}}, {{W+|fa|ضروری}}, {{W+|fa|لازم}}, {{W+|fa|نیاز}}, {{W-|fa|مورد نیاز}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tarpeellinen}}, {{W+|fi|tarpeen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|nécessaire}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|nodig}}, {{W+|nl|benodigd}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|necesa}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|necessary}}, {{W+|en|needed}}, {{W+|en|mandatory}}, {{W+|en|requisite}}, {{W+|en|must}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|necessario}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|必要|tr=hitsuyō}}, {{W+|ja|必須|tr=hissu}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|necessària}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|필요하다|tr=piryohada}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|nodi}}, {{W-|pap|nodo}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|necessário}}, {{W+|pt|preciso}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|necesar}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|necesario}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gerekli}}, {{W+|tr|zorunlu}}, {{W+|tr|elzem}}, {{W-|tr|zarurî}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pêdivî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pêdivîtî]], [[pêwîstî]]:
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pêdiviya''' me bi wan heye.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gereksinim}}, {{W+|tr|ihtiyaç}}, {{W+|tr|iktiza}}, {{W+|tr|lüzum}}, {{W+|tr|gereklik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9d3shnp9axm6ap7aycmhbu2h7femh9r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>wistandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5972</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290907</id>
      <parentid>6289173</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290907</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="345" sha1="1ma6ktjgaqa9oler2w5vin073dvqlxt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|sdh}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|sdh|c=}}
# {{şêxbizinî}} [[rawestin]], [[sekinîn]]
#: {{nm|sdh|Erra le wer deri male wistay ?}}
#: {{nm|sdh|Erra le wer deri male diwistê ?}}
#* {{bênimûne|sdh}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* vistandin
* istandin

==== Tewîn ====
-wist-

* 
* 

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|sdh}}</text>
      <sha1>1ma6ktjgaqa9oler2w5vin073dvqlxt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>endam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5989</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290908</id>
      <parentid>6262207</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290908</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9864" sha1="1v26fx8xlr9li26wxmllnt9ohw40t24" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Endam}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-endam.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|endam|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# kesa/ê di [[kom]]eke [[taybet]] de yan ji komeke taybet &lt;br&gt; (kesa/ê ji zikmakî ve ji komekê, bo nimûne ji [[malbat]]ekê, [[milet]]ekî yan [[nijad]]ekê &lt;br&gt;yan jî bi [[bijartin]]ê di komekê de, bo nimûne di [[partî|partiyek]] [[siyasî]] de)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[welat]]ê yan [[dewlet]]a beşdarî [[rêkxistin]]ek [[navneteweyî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Gelo Tirkiyeyê dê bikare bibe '''endamek''' Yekîtiya Ewropayê?}}
# kesa/ê di [[kom]]ekê de [[kar]]ek yan [[berpirsiyarî|berpirsiyariyek]] heye
#: {{nm|ku|'''Endamên''' perlemanê.}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[parçe]]yên [[leşî]], [[organ]]
#: {{nm|ku|Çav '''endamê''' dîtinê ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kîr '''endamê''' cinsî yê mêran e.}}
# [[parçe]]yek ji [[tevahî|tevahiya]] tiştekê/î
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Qadir heye 'arif bikirit teqrîrê&lt;br /&gt;Ber dilber û leb ber leb û '''endamê''' li yek&lt;br /&gt;Xewna me bi yarê bidinê te'bîrê}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|hendam
|henaw
|hindam
|indam
}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|izo}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|alîgir
|beşdar
|nûner
|pişkdar
|piştevan
|temsîlkar
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kirin endam&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|endam bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|endambûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|endamkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berendam
|berendamane
|berendamatî
|berendametî
|berendamî
|berendamtî
|endamane
|endamatî
|endametî
|endamî
|endamtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha farisî {{g|fa|اندام|tr=endam}}, pehlewî ''endam'', sogdî ''endemê-'', avestayî ''hen-dame-'' ([[civandin]], [[kom]] kirin, anîn cem hev), têkilî [[hev]] + [[danîn]], herwiha hevreha [[encam]], [[encumen]], [[embar]]...

==== Anagram ====
* {{anagram|ku|a=ademn|maden|deman|damen}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kesa/ê bi fermî ser bi komekê ve}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|lid}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|pjesëmarrës|n}},{{W+|sq|anëtar|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Mitglied|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|সদস্য}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|miembru|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|üzv}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ағза}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|член|n}}, {{W-|be|чале́ц|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|সদস্য}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|член|n}}, {{W-|bg|чле́нка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အဖွဲ့ဝင်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|člen|n}}, {{W+|cs|členka|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|會員|tr=wui2 jyun4}}, {{W-|yue|成員|tr=sing4 jyun4}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|會員|tr=huìyuán}}, {{W+|cmn|成員|tr=chéngyuán}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|會員|tr=hōe-oân / hōe-goân}}, {{W+|nan|成員|tr=sêng-oân / sêng-goân}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|medlem|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|anggota}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عُضْو|n}}, {{W-|ar|عِضْو|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|անդամ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|membro}}, {{W+|eo|ano}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|liige}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|عضو|tr='ozv}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|limur|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|jäsen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|membre|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|membro|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|წევრი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सदस्य|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lid|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|חָבֵר|n|tr=khavér}}, {{W-|he|חֲבֵרָה|m|tr=khaverá}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|member}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|ball|n}}, {{W-|ga|comhalta|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|membro|n}}, {{W+|it|iscritto|n}}, {{W+|it|membra|m}}, {{W+|it|iscritta|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|félagi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|会員|tr=かいいん, kaiin}}, {{W+|ja|メンバー|tr=menbā}}, {{W-|ja|構成員|tr=こうせいいん, kōseiin}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|lid}}, {{W-|jv|warga}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|membre|n}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|رُکُن}}, {{W-|ks|رۄکُن}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|мүчө}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|회원}}, {{W+|ko|멤버}}
* {{Z|bzj}}: {{W-|bzj|memba}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|sodālis|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|biedrs|n}}, {{W-|lv|biedre|m}}, {{W-|lv|biedrene|m}}, {{W+|lv|loceklis|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ສະມາຊິກ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|narys|n}}, {{W-|lt|narė|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|член|n}}, {{W-|mk|членка|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|ahli}}, {{W-|ms|anggota}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|mema}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|tag}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|гишүүн}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|membre|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|medlem|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|medlem|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|membre|n}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|уӕнг}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئەزا}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|aʼzo}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|عضو|tr=ozwә}}, {{W-|ps|ممبر|n|tr=membar}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|członek|n}}, {{W+|pl|członkini|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|membro|n}}, {{W+|pt|sócio|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|мүше}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|membru|n}}, {{W+|ro|membră|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|член|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|чла̑н|n}}, {{W-|sh|чла̀ница|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|člȃn|n}}, {{W+|sh|člànica|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|člen|n}}, {{W+|sk|členka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|člȃn|n}}, {{W-|sl|članica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|miembro|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mshiriki}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|medlem|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|узв}}, {{W+|tg|аъзо}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สมาชิก}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|әгъза}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|üye}}, {{W+|tr|aza}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|agza}}, {{W-|tk|çlen}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|memba}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|رکن|n|tr=rukan}}, {{W-|ur|عضو|n|tr='uzv, 'azv, 'azo}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|член|n}}, {{W-|uk|чле́нка|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|hội viên}}, {{W+|vi|thành viên}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|aelod|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សមាជិក}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מיטגליד}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μέλος|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|member|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75793890}}

{{werger-ser|her beşeke taybet ya leşî ku navê xwe heye}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|orgaan}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|organ|n}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|bibiiyeʼ}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Organ|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|অংগ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|muérganu|n}}, {{W+|ast|órganu|n}}
* {{Z|az}}:
*: Latînî: {{W-|az|əza}}, {{W-|az|orqan}}, {{W+|az|üzv}}
*: {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|عضو|tr=üzv, üzvü}}, {{W-|az|اعضا|tr=âaza}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|о́рган|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|অঙ্গ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|о́рган|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အင်္ဂါ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|orgán|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|器官|tr=qìguān}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|organ|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عُضْو|n}}, {{W-|ar|عِضْو|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|օրգան}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|organo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|organ}}, {{W-|et|elund}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اندام|tr=andâm}}, {{W+|fa|عضو|tr='ozv}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|gagn|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|elin}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|organe|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|orghin|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|órgano|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ორგანო}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|ògàn}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|अंग|n}}, {{W-|hi|ऑर्गन|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|orgaan|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|אֵיבָר|n|tr=eivár}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|organo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|organ}}, {{W+|en|member}}, {{W+|en|limb}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|organa}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|organo|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|líffæri|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|器官|tr=きかん, kikan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|òrgan|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|орган}}, {{W+|ky|мүчө}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|기관}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|viscus|nt}}, {{W-|la|organum|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|orgāns|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ອະໄວຍະວະ}}, {{W-|lo|ອົງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|organas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|орган|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|organ}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szerv}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|эрхтэн}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|organ|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|organ|nt}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|عضو‎|tr=ouzv}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئەزا}}, {{W-|ug|ئورگان}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|aʼzo}}, {{W+|uz|organ}}, {{W+|uz|mucha}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|اندام|n|tr=andãm}}, {{W-|ps|ارګان|n|tr=orgān}}, {{W+|ps|عضو|m|tr=ózwә}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|narząd|n}}, {{W+|pl|organ|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|órgão}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|мүше}}, {{W-|kk|ағза}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|organ|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|о́рган|n}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|о́рґан|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अङ्ग|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|о̀рга̄н|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|òrgān|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|orgán|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|organ|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|órgano|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|ogani}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|organ|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|аъзо}}, {{W-|tg|узв}}, {{W-|tg|андом}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|tatag}}, {{W+|tl|organo}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|உறுப்பு}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|อวัยวะ}}, {{W+|th|องค์}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|అంగము}}, {{W+|te|అవయవము}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|organ}}, {{W+|tr|uzuv}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|organ}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|орган}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|عضو|tr=uzv}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|о́рган|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cơ quan}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W-|wa|organe|n}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|organ|n|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|សរីរាង្គ}}, {{W+|km|អង្គ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|сэп}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|אָרגאַן|n}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|όργανο|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ὄργανον|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|organ|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75874351}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# endam, [[beden]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[bejn]], [[bal]], [[bejnûbal]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>1v26fx8xlr9li26wxmllnt9ohw40t24</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>civîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6136</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290909</id>
      <parentid>6279149</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290909</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5705" sha1="b95fsz2sh86zpvb5bu0mx2pblxalbs2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|civîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=civ|borî=civî}}
[[Wêne:Meeting.jpg|thumb|Çend kes li hev '''civîne'''.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# [[kom bûn]], [[piçikîn]], [[hatin]] [[cem]] [[hev]], [[li hev kom bûn]], &lt;br /&gt;[[gihiştin]] hev, li [[heman]] [[der]]ê [[diyar]] bûn
#: {{nm|ku|Perlemana Kurdistanê ya nûhilbijartî dê 4.6.2005an '''bicive'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Derwêş qewî ketne xemê&lt;/br&gt;Pansed murîd '''civyan''' hemê&lt;/br&gt;Fikrîn li Şêx vê tebetê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جڤین}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|ceman
|cemiyan
|cemîn
|cemîyan
|civan
|civiyan
|civîyan
}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|kombûn}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|civak
|civat
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|civîn danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|civîndan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|civîndanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|civandin
|civandî
|civang
|civîner
|civînerî
}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|civcivîn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha [[civat]], [[civandin]] û belkî [[civat]], ji {{ji|ira}}, têkilî avestayî ''han-came-'' (civîn, [[kom]] bûn, [[hatin]] [[nik]] [[hev]]) û pehlewî ''hen-caften'' (bi dawî anîn). Yan jî formek ji [[civat]]ê ku forma kurdîkirî ji [[cemaet]]ê ye ku ji {{ji|ar|ku|جَماعة}} ye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|ontmoet}}, {{W+|af|sien}}, {{W-|af|aanboor}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|begegnen}}, {{W+|de|Zusammentreffen}}, {{W-|de|sich gruppieren}}, {{W-|de|sich sammeln}}, {{W+|de|Sitzung|f}}, {{W+|de|veranstalten}}, {{W+|de|Veranstaltung|f}}, {{W+|de|Versammlung|f}}, {{W+|de|Zusammenkunft|f}}, {{W+|de|Besprechung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|sich vereinen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|møde}}, {{W+|da|træffe}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bertemu}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|renkonti}}, {{W-|eo|boratingi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تجمع}}, {{W+|fa|جلسه}}, {{W+|fa|جمع شدن}}, {{W+|fa|کنفرانس}}, {{W-|fa|گرهمایی}}, {{W+|fa|نشست}}, {{W+|fa|همایش}}, {{W+|fa|جماع|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}} : {{W-|ar|تجمع}}, {{W-|ar|جلسه}}, {{W+|ar|اجتماع}}, {{W+|ar|لقاء}}, {{W+|ar|التقاء}}, {{W-|ar|تجمهر}}, {{W-|ar|تلاقي}}, {{W-|ar|التئام}}, {{W-|ar|محفل}}, {{W-|ar|الشتیمة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المعرة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|حفل|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|كتل|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|مجتمع|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|møta}}, {{W-|fo|hitta}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tavata}}, {{W+|fi|kokoontua}}, {{W+|fi|kerääntyä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|rencontrer}}, s'[[assembler]], se [[réunir]]
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|treffe}}, {{W-|fy|oantreffe}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|aantreffen}}, {{W+|nl|ontmoeten}}, {{W-|nl|tegemoet treden}}, {{W+|nl|tegenkomen}}, {{W+|nl|treffen}}, {{W+|nl|aanboren}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|פגש|cuda=פּגשׁ}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|renkontrar}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|meet}}, {{W+|en|come across}}, {{W+|en|encounter}}, {{W+|en|sink}}, {{W+|en|strike}}, {{W+|en|tap}}, to {{W+|en|gather}}, to {{W+|en|come together}}, to {{W+|en|congregate}}, to {{W+|en|assemble}}, to {{W+|en|get together}}, to {{W+|en|meet}}, {{W+|en|assemblage}}, {{W+|en|assembly}}, {{W+|en|driftwood}}, {{W+|en|rally}}, {{W+|en|aggregation}}, {{W+|en|convocation}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|incontrare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hitta}}, {{W+|is|mæta}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|trobar}}
* {{Z|ln}}: ko{{W-|ln|-kútana}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|jumpa}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|találkozik}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|møte}}, {{W+|no|treffe}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|kontra}}, {{W-|pap|topa}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|spotykać}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|achar}}, {{W+|pt|encontrar}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|встречать}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|deaivat}}, {{W-|se|oaidnit}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|miti}}, {{W-|srn|tuka}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|encontrar}}, {{W+|es|encontrarse con}}, {{W+|es|topar}}, {{W-|es|dar con}}, {{W-|es|chocar contra}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|möta}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|buluşmak}}, {{W+|tr|toplanmak}}, {{W+|tr|birikme}}, {{W+|tr|birikmek}}, {{W+|tr|deri}}, {{W+|tr|derinti}}, {{W+|tr|dernek}}, {{W+|tr|içtima}}, {{W+|tr|irkmek}}, {{W+|tr|kongre}}, {{W+|tr|tekâsüf etmek}}, {{W+|tr|toplantı}}, {{W+|tr|sempozyum}}, {{W+|tr|toplanma}}, {{W+|tr|çiftleşmek|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|baş başa vermek|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|-hlangana}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kombûn]], [[hatin]]a cem hev &lt;br /&gt; (bi taybetî bo [[biryar]]danan)
#: {{nm|ku|'''Civîna''' partiyê sê rojan vekêşand.|sê rojan dirêj bû|rêz=1}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|assembly}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Lêker 2 ===
{{lêker|ku|c=?}}
# [[xeber]] [[gotin]], [[axiftin]]a [[kirêt]], [[îhane|îhana]] yekî kirin
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ciwîn}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|xebergotin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|civîn dan
|civîn danîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|سب}}, {{W-|ar|شتم }}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|insult}}, to {{W-|en|talk abusively}}, to [[swear]] at someone, {{W+|en|concentration|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|conclave|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|concourse|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|congratulatory|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|congregation|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|convene|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|converge|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|forgather|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|huddling|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|meed|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|meeting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|rallying|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|seance|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>b95fsz2sh86zpvb5bu0mx2pblxalbs2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hind</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6216</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290910</id>
      <parentid>6262951</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290910</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2798" sha1="2hseybgs9boa5qefk94mkbdwpchfd4u" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[ewqas|Ewqas]], [[qas]], [[qend]], [[qender]], [[miqdar]], [[mêjer]], [[çi hinde]], mîna vê / wê (biçûk / mezin / baş / xirab û hwd).
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hind''' mezin e ku nikarim hilgirim.}}
# Ew yek, ew tişt, [[ew]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ji ber '''hindê''' ez nayêm.|Ji ber wê yekê ez nayêm.|rêz=1}}
# [[cem|Cem]], [[bal]], [[nik]], [[def]], [[rex]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ez diçim '''hindê''' diya xwe.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez nika li '''hindê''' hevalê xwe hêja me.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Teklîf kirin hemî bi merdan&lt;br /&gt;Xaqan bi xwe '''hind''' wê kemîn bû&lt;br /&gt;Fexfûr ji xwanê kaseçîn bû}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevrehên din yên kurmancî [[hinde]], [[hindî]], zazakî [[hondê]], soranî [[ewende]], partî ''ewinde'', ji [[hin-]] ([[ew]], [[wê]], [[wî]]) wek di [[hingê]] (wê gavê) de + [[-nd]] ([[miqder]], [[qeder]], [[qas]], [[qiyas]]) wek di [[çend]] de, ji {{ji|ira}}.

==== Jê ====
* [[hinda]]
* [[hinde]]
* [[hindî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|خیلی|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}:   {{W|en|destination|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|hindistan|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|nezd|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|nezt|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yan|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[rex]], [[alî]], [[hêl]], [[teref]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[hindav]], [[raser]], [[jor]], [[ser]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[hinda]]
* [[hindav]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Yekser yan bi rêya ermeniya kevn [[ընդ]] (ənd) ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[h₂énti]] ([[beramber]], [[hevber]], [[ber]], [[nêzîk]], li rex, li aliyê), [[hevreh]]a sanskrîtî [[अन्ति]] (anti), yûnaniya kevn [[ἀντί]] (antí), latînî [[ante]], toxarî B ''ante'', albanî [[ende]], hîtîtî ''hanza'', îngilîzî [[and]], almanî [[und]], danmarkî [[end]], holendiya kevn [[ende]], holendiya nû [[en]], norwecî [[enn]], swêdî [[än]]... Yan jî [[hevreh]]a farisî {{g|fa|عند}} ('ind)... hemû ji {{ji|ar|ku|عند}} ('inde: li ber, li rex, li nêzîk), [[hevreh]]a maltayî [[għand]]. Ji eynî rehê {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} bi rêya yûnanî: [[antî-]]

==== Jê ====
* [[hindav]]
* [[hindavî]]

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bnr|Hindistan}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

== {{ziman|et}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|et}}
# {{mijar|et|aborî}} {{g|ku|biha}}, {{g|ku|nirx}}, {{g|ku|fiyet}}, {{g|ku|heq}}
#* {{bêmînak|et}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|et|biha}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-tîp|haynd}}
* {{deng|en|en-us-hind.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|en}}
# [[paşîn]]: [[beş]]ê [[dawî]] ji [[laş]]î (bi giştî bo ajalan tê gotin)
#* {{bêmînak|en}}</text>
      <sha1>2hseybgs9boa5qefk94mkbdwpchfd4u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mafdar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6228</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290911</id>
      <parentid>6243271</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290911</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1097" sha1="5vda9tgp4qoo32hhu73no8i1r1ol7wk" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|mafdar}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê [[maf]] ango [[heq]] heye tiştekî bike.
#: {{nm|ku|Li welatên demokrat herkes '''mafdar''' e kêmasiyên hikûmetê rexne bike.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bimaf
|xudanmaf
|xudîmaf
|xwedanmaf
|xwedîmaf
|xwidanmaf
|xwidîmaf
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|biheq
|heqdar
|xudanheq
|xwedanheq
|xwedîheq
|xwidanheq
}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|bêmaf
|bêheq
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|maf|-dar}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mafdar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mafdarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mafdarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mafdarî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|gerechterweise|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حقاني}}, {{W|ar|صاحب حق}}, {{W|ar|مستحق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|صاحب حق}}, {{W+|fa|محق}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|eligible}}, {{W|en|entitled}}, {{W|en|eligibility|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|haklı}}, {{W+|tr|meşru}}, {{W+|tr|muhik}}, {{W|tr|hak sahibi|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5vda9tgp4qoo32hhu73no8i1r1ol7wk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pişt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6244</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290912</id>
      <parentid>6234635</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290912</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17632" sha1="ap9so2l6bajs7vzc9thy0w2p79ecuy6" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|pist|pîst}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-pişt.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pişt|mê}}
[[Wêne:Surface_anatomy_of_the_back-Gray.png|thumb|'''pişta''' kesekî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{p-ya nerm}}, {{t-ya nerm}}
# [[alî|aliyê]] [[paşî]] yê [[leş]]î ji [[patik]]ê ta [[navteng]]ê, &lt;br&gt;[[hevber]]a [[sîng]]î û [[zik]]î lê li aliyê din yê [[leş]]î
#: {{nm|ku|Duhî zikê min diêşiya, îro '''pişta''' min.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bûbê rabû ser xwe, herdu destên xwe dane '''pişt''' xwe û ber bi pacê ve meşiya.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# [[beş]]a [[jorîn]] ya [[leş]]ê [[candar]]ên [[çarpê]] &lt;br&gt;(bi taybetî ya [[dewar]]an ku mirov dikare lê [[siwar]] bibe)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[dijber]]a [[pêşî|pêşiyê]], ji [[pêşî|pêşiyê]] [[dûr]]
#: {{nm|ku|Yekî ji '''piştê''' gazî kir.}}
# [[hevber]]a [[kef]]a [[dest]]î lê li aliyê din yê [[dest]]î
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[alî|aliyê]] ne [[giring]] yan [[bênaverok]]
#: {{nm|ku|Tiştek li ser '''pişta''' wêneyê hatibû nivîsîn.|ne aliyê dîmen lê ye|rêz=1}}
# [[parçe]]ya [[kursî|kursiyê]] yan [[qenepe]]yê ku mirov dema rûdine ser pişta xwe didiyê
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pişta''' vê kursiyê şkestî ye.}}
# [[dawî]], [[qepax]]a [[alî|aliyê]] dawiyê (bi taybetî ya [[weşan]]ekê, wek [[pirtûk]]ê)
#: {{nm|ku|Lîsteya naverokê li '''pişta''' pirtûkê ye.}}
# {{f|ku|şîrînbêjî}} [[qûn]], [[kun]]a piştê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[deng]]ê ku ji bo [[qewirandin]]a [[pisîk]]an dihê [[derxistin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[piştgirî]], [[piştevanî]], [[destek]]:
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''pişta''' me ye.|Ew alîkariya me dike.|rêz=1}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پشت}}
* {{ku-kr|пьшт}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Bû xezîne ew ji bo durra yetîm&lt;br /&gt;Daniye '''pişta''' wî ew Nûra 'Ezîm&lt;br /&gt;Paşê bir avête baxê Cennetê}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|paş}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|ber
|pêşî
|sîng
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|pêş}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pişt dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pişt girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piştdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piştgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pişta yekî girtin
|piştgir
|piştgirî
|piştevan
|piştevanî
|piştî
|piştpal
|piştpalî
|piştbestin
}}

==== Qafiye ====
{{kol3|ku
|fişt
|gişt
|hişt
|mişt
|rişt
|xişt
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{g|ckb|پشت|tr=pişt}}, goranî/hewramî ''pişt/[[peşt]]'', zazakî ''[[paşt]]'', farisî {{g|fa|پشت|tr=pişt, puşt}}, tacikî [[пушт]] (puşt), pehlewî [[𐮾𐮵𐯀𐯁𐮵]]‎ (puşt), belûçî {{g|bal|پت|tr=put}}, peştûyî {{g|ps|پرشا‎|tr=përšā́}}, sogdî [[𐫛𐫡𐫝𐫏‎]] (prcy), osetî [[фӕрцы]] (færcy), avestayî [[𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬀‎]] (paršta-, /perşte-)... sanskrîtî [[पृष्ठ]] (pṛṣṭhá), nepalî [[फिर्ता]] (phirtā), hindî [[पुट्ठा]] (puṭṭhā), bengalî [[পিঠ]] (piṭh), ûrdûyî {{g|ur|پیٹھ|tr=pīṭh}}... hemû ji {{mîr|iir-pro|ku|*pr̥štʰás|w=pişt}} ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*pr̥-sth₂-ós}} ji {{recons|ine-pro|per-}} (ber, pêş) + {{recons|ine-pro|steh₂-}} (rawe'''sta'''n, [[rawestîn]] &gt; [[stûn]]) + {{recons|ine-pro|-ós}} ([[paşgir]]eke [[peyvsaz]]).

Berê dihat texmînkirin ku ''[[postis]]'' ([[stûn]]) ya latînî ji heman rehî be lê niha ew teorî bi piranî tê redkirin.

Peyva îranî wek {{g|ota|پوشت|tr=pûşt}} bi maneya ''[[qûnder]], [[qûnek]]'' ketibû tirkiya osmanî û bi wê maneyê belav bûye hinek zimanên din jî: tirkiya niha ''[[puşt]]'', albanî ''[[posht]]'', ermenî [[փուշտ]] (pʿuşt), yûnanî [[πούστης]] (poústis).

Heman peyv herwiha di peyva [[պաշտպան]] (paştpan: [[piştevan]], [[piştgir]], [[parêzvan]]) de jî ketiye ermenî.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Chyet}}
* {{Horn}}
* {{Mayrhofer}}
* {{Pokorny}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: pişt
* {{Z|sdh}}: pişt
* {{Z|hac}}: pişt, peşt
* {{Z|zza}}: paşt, paştî

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|beşeke leşî}}

* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|rug}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|buli'}}, {{W-|akl|likod}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|shpinë|m}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Rick|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Rücken|n}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ጀርባ}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|bigháń}}
* {{Z|agj}}: {{W-|agj|ዘርህ|tr=zärhǝ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|schinari}}, {{W-|rup|spatã|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|পিঠি}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|llombu|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|bel}}, {{W+|az|arxa}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|bizkar}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|арҡа|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|спі́на|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|পিঠ|sc=Beng}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|kein}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|гръб|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကျော|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|tusna}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|букъ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|záda|p}}, {{W+|cs|hřbet|n}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|msana}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|背脊|tr=bui3 zek3}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|җибый}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|背部|tr=bèibù}}, {{W+|cmn|背|tr=bèi}}, {{W+|cmn|脊背|tr=jǐbèi}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|尻脊骿|tr=kha-chiah-phiaⁿ, ka-chiah-phiaⁿ}}, {{W+|nan|尻脊|tr=kha-chiah, ka-chiah}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ҫурӑм|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|duas}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ryg|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|punggung}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|ظَهْر|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|ضهر|n|tr=ḍahr}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|ظَهَر|n|tr=ḍahar}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|ضهر|n|tr=ḍhar}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|մեջք}}, {{W+|hy|թիկունք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|dorso}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|selg}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|аркан}}, {{W-|eve|дарам}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|согдонно}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|dzime}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشت|tr=pošt}}, {{W+|fa|ظهر|tr=zahr}}
* {{Z|phn}}: {{W-|phn|𐤑𐤄𐤓|ts=ṣohr}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|selkä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|dos|n}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|rag}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|rêch|g}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cùl|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|lombo|n}}, {{W+|gl|costa|m-p|cuda=costas}}, {{W+|gl|carrelo|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ზურგი|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|ape}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|do}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|kua}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|talikodan}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पीठ|n|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|likod}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|nrob qaum}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|rug|n}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Ricke|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|גַּב|n|tr=gav}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|dorso}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|hryċġ|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|bak}}, {{W-|enm|chyne}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|букъ}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|likud}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|droim|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|schiena|m}}, {{W+|it|dorso|n}}
* {{Z|ivv}}: {{W-|ivv|dichud}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|bak|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|背|tr=せ, se}}, {{W+|ja|背中|tr=せなか, senaka}}, {{W+|ja|背面|tr=はいめん, haimen}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|wuri}}, {{W-|kaw|walakaṅ}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|mburi}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|gulut}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|plecë}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|esquena|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|wasa}}, {{W-|qu|wagta}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|далы|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|ky|арка|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|පිට|sc=Sinh}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|등}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|keyn}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|mugora}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|dorsum|nt}}, {{W-|la|tergum|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|mugura|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຫຼັງ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|далу}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|nugara|m}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|kumukongo}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Réck|n}}
* {{Z|lut}}: {{W-|lut|sʔiličəd}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|грб|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|belakang}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|dahar|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡶᡳᠰᠠ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|dreeym|n}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|likod}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|maihamo}}, {{W-|mi|kohamo}}, {{W-|mi|tuarā}}, {{W-|mi|ue}}, {{W-|mi|kōpako}}, {{W-|mi|tuarongo}}, {{W-|mi|muri}}, {{W-|mi|kōkai}}, {{W-|mi|murikōkai}}, {{W-|mi|mōua}}, {{W-|mi|pāhoahoa}}, {{W-|mi|hamo}}, {{W-|mi|maihamo}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|likod}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|पाठ|m}}
* {{Z|mrc}}: {{W-|mrc|shlymak}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hát}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|sꜣ|h=Aa18:Z1}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|нуруу}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|bíígháán}}, {{W-|nv|hwííshgháán}}, {{W-|nv|anághah}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Rügg|n}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|ढाड}}, {{W-|ne|पीठ}}
* {{Z|niv}}: {{W-|niv|кыдр}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|dos|n}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|rygg|n}}, {{W+|no|bak|n|nt}}
* {{Z|cst}}: {{W-|cst|núm̄es}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|nipikwan}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|esquina|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ପିଠି}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|чъылдым|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|os|фӕсонтӕ}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|آرقه|tr=arka}}, {{W-|ota|سرت|tr=sırt|sc=ota-Arab}}, {{W-|ota|ظهر|tr=zahr|sc=ota-Arab}}, {{W-|ota|پشت|tr=püşt|sc=ota-Arab}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئارقا}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|orqa}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|شا|tr=šâ}}, {{W-|ps|څټ|tr=śëṭ}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Rigjen|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|plecy|p}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|costas|m-p}}, {{W+|pt|lombo}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਢੂਹੀ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арқа|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲥⲟⲓ|n}}, {{W-|cop|ϭⲓⲥⲓ|m}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|fith}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|dies|n}}, {{W-|rm|arains|m-p}}, {{W-|rm|rain|m}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|dumo}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|spate}}, {{W+|ro|dos}}, {{W+|ro|spinare}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|спина́|m}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|čielgi}}
*: {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|sealgi}}
*: {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|seä´lǧǧ}}
*: {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|rudtje}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|पृष्ठ|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|леђа|nt-p}}, {{W+|sh|leđa|nt-p}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠙꠤꠑ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|chrbát|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|hrbet|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|dhabar}}, {{W-|so|gadaal}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|kśebjat|n}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|chribjet}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|mokokotlo}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|espalda|m}}, {{W+|es|dorso|n}}, {{W+|es|lomo|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|pungkur}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mgongo|c3|c4}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rygg|g}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|далу}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|пушт|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|tg|заҳр}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|likod|nt}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|முதுகு}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|aɛrur|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หลัง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|వెనుకవైపు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|сырт|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|tt|арка|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|kotuk}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sırt}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|arka}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སྒལ་པ}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|sark}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎂𐎁}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|پیٹھ|n|tr=pīṭh|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|спи́на|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|schena|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lưng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|bäk}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|dos|n}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|gutok}}
* {{Z|wym}}: {{W-|wym|ryk}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ខ្នង}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פּלייצע|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|yi|רוקן|n}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ẹ̀yìn}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πλάτη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|νῶτος|n}}, {{W-|grc|ῥάχις}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|rik|n}}, {{W-|zea|rugge|m}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|saen}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|umhlane|c3|c4}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|aliyê dawiyê}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|agter}}, {{W-|af|agterkant}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Rückseite|m}}, {{W+|de|Kehrseite|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|espalda|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|arxa}}, {{W+|az|dal}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|арт|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|ba|һырт|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|опако}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|rub|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|後面|tr=hóumiàn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bagside|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|belakang}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|ետև}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|malantaŭo}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|megbe}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشت|tr=pošt}}, {{W+|fa|عقب|tr='aqb}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kääntöpuoli}}, {{W-|fi|nurja puoli}}, {{W+|fi|takapuoli}}, {{W+|fi|taka-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|derrière|n}}, {{W+|fr|revers|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cùl|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|achterkant|n}}, {{W+|nl|achter}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|גב|n|tr=gav}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|bak}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|back}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|droim|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|retro|n}}, {{W+|it|dietro|n}}, {{W+|it|rovescio|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|bakhlið|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|裏|tr=うら, ura}}, {{W+|ja|裏面|tr=うらめん, uramen}}, {{W+|ja|裏側|tr=うらがわ, uragawa}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|뒤}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|roves}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|tergum}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|задна страна|m|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|mk|опачина|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|angaangamate}}, {{W-|mi|angamate}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hátulja}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|bakside|g}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|آرقه|tr=arka}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|شا|tr=šâ}}, {{W-|ps|څټ|tr=śëṭ}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|tył|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|dorso|n}}, {{W+|pt|reverso|n}}, {{W+|pt|traseira|m}}, {{W-|pt|[[parte]] [[de]] [[trás]]}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|spate}}, {{W+|ro|dos}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|зад|n}}, {{W+|ru|[[задний|за́дняя]] [[часть]]|m}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|पृष्ठ|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|hrbet|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|revés|n}}, {{W+|es|envés|n}}, {{W+|es|reverso|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mgongo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|baksida|g}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|likod}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|aɛrur|n}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|వెనుకవైపు}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|umuva|c3|c4}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
[[Wêne:There is something behind the door! (8275211264).jpg|thumb|[[pisîk|Pisîkek]] li pişt [[derî]] ye.]]
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[alî|aliyê]] ku bi [[gelemper]]î [[ber]]ê mirovî ne lê ye:
#: {{nm|ku|Li '''pişt''' xwe zivirî.}}
# ne [[alî|aliyê]] ku [[dergeh]] lê ye:
#: {{nm|ku|Çûm '''pişt''' xanî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Li '''pişt''' xanî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ji '''pişt''' darê derket.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Heta '''pişta''' gundî çûn.|heta derveyî gundî|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ber bi piştê ve
|[[bo pişt]], [[bo piştê]]
|[[ji pişt]], [[ji piştê]]
|[[ji pişt ve]], [[ji piştê ve]]
|[[li pişt]], [[li piştê]]
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|agter}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|hinter}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|dupã}}, {{W-|rup|dupu}}, {{W-|rup|dipu}}, {{W-|rup|dipã}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|-ৰ পিছত|tr=-r pisot}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|arxasında}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|за}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|зад}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|နောက်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|za}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|後面|cuda=...後面|sc=Hani}}, {{W-|cmn|后面|tr=... hòumiàn|cuda=...后面|sc=Hani}}, {{W-|cmn|後邊|cuda=...後邊|sc=Hani}}, {{W+|cmn|后边|tr=... hòubiān|cuda=...后边|sc=Hani}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|dri}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|bag ved}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|وَرَاءَ}}, {{W-|ar|خَلْفَ}}
*: {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arz|ورا|tr=warā|sc=Arab}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|sq|prapa}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|ետեւ}}, {{W-|hy|հետեւ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|malantaŭ}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|taga}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|megbe}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشت|tr=poşt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|takana}}
* {{Z|vls}}: {{W-|vls|bachtn}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|derrière}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|bääte}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|efter}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|air cùlaibh}}, {{W-|gd|air cùl}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|detrás de}}, {{W+|gl|tras}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|უკან|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|dèyè}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|के पीछे}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|achter}}, {{W+|nl|achteraan}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מֵאָחוֹר|tr=me'akhór}}, {{W-|he|מאחורי|tr=me'akhoréi}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|dop}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|behind}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|detra}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|taobh thiar de}}, {{W-|ga|ar chúl}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|dreîo}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|dietro}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|後ろ|tr=...no ushiro ni|cuda=...の後ろに|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|darrere}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|뒤|tr=dwi-e|cuda=뒤에}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|post}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|aiz}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W+|li|achter}}, {{W-|li|hönjer}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|už}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|зад|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|di belakang}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|wara}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mögött}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|bineʼgi}}, {{W-|nv|bineʼdi}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|bak}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|patras}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|za}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|atrás}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|după}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|за}}, {{W+|ru|сза́ди}}, {{W+|ru|позади́}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W+|sm|tua}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|за}} / {{W-|sh|za}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|за|sc=Cyrs}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|za}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|zadáj}}, {{W+|sl|za}}
* {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|za}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|detrás|cuda=detrás de}}, {{W+|es|atrás}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|nyuma}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bakom}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sa likod}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|వెనక}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|arkasında}} (li pişt), {{W-|tr|arkaya}} (pişt, bo piştê), {{W+|tr|arkasından}} (ji pişt),
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|کے پیچھے|tr=ke pīche}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|за}}, {{W-|uk|поза}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|drio}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|sau}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|po}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|dirî}}, {{W+|wa|padrî}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|הינטער}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|πίσω από}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ὄπισθεν}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|emuva}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ap9so2l6bajs7vzc9thy0w2p79ecuy6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>car</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6278</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290913</id>
      <parentid>6262068</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290913</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5825" sha1="a37hcxall4zvrkdxfpljbfz7o1ezzl1" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|çar}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-car.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|car|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[her|Her]] [[gav]]a [[bûyer]]ek [[qewimîn|diqewime]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Carekê'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Vê '''carê'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cara''' pêşîn herdem dijwar e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Baş tê bîra min dema min yekem '''car''' tu dîtî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bila bo '''carek''' din bimîne.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Carek''' din were.}}
#: {{nm|ku|De bila vê '''carê''' bo dilê te!}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cara''' dawîn / dawiyê / dûmahiyê / dûmahîkê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Min sê '''car''' li derî da lê kesî venekir.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bi '''carekê'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Du-sê '''caran'''.}}
# {{f|ku|matematîk}} [[dubare]], [[çendbare]]
#: {{nm|ku|5 '''car''' 3 dibe 15.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جار}}
* {{ku-kr|щар}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Mislê rojê hatiye ew '''car''' felek&lt;br /&gt;Hem teheyyur Adem û hindî Melek}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ca}} {{mj|2}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|defa
|kerre
|neql&lt;pos:2&gt;
|ra
|taw
|dor
|hon
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ca
|cardin
|carina
|carinan
|carine
|carna
|carnan
|carne
|ducan
|ducanî
|ducarî
|îca
|îcar
|yekcar
|yekcarî
|ticar
|car kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|carkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|carkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|جار|tr=car}}, zazakî (rey), {{hv|xpr|tr=yawer|w=car}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|herë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Mal|nt}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|oarã|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|vez|m}}, {{W-|ast|vegada|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|dəfə}}, {{W-|az|kərə}}, {{W+|az|səfər}}, {{W-|az|dönüm}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|тапҡыр}}, {{W-|ba|мәртәбә}}, {{W-|ba|рәт}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|раз|n|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বার}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|път|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကြိမ်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|次|tr=ci3}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|擺|tr=pái}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|次|tr=cì}}, {{W+|cmn|度|tr=dù}}, {{W+|cmn|遍|tr=biàn}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|擺|tr=pái}}
* Czech:, {{W-|cs|krát}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|gang|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مَرَّة|sc=Arab|m}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|مرة|m|tr=marra}}, {{W-|ary|خطرة|m|tr=ḵaṭra}}, {{W-|ary|دقة|m|tr=daqqa}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|անգամ|sc=Armn}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|fojo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kord}}
* {{Z|pal}}: {{W-|pal|𐭡𐭠𐭫𐭩|ts=bâr}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بار|tr=bâr}}, {{W+|fa|دفعه|tr=daf'e}}, {{W+|fa|مرتبه|tr=martabe}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|ferð|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kerta}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|feiz|m}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|fois|m}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|fois|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|uair|m}}, {{W-|gd|turas|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|vez|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|დრო|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ჯერ|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|बार|sc=Deva|m}}, {{W-|hi|दफ़ा|sc=Deva|m}}, {{W+|hi|मरतबा|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|keer|n}}, {{W+|nl|maal|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|פעם|m|tr=pá-am}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|sīþ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|time}} (instance or occurrence)
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|uair|m}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|úar|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|volta|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sinn|nt}}, {{W+|is|skipti|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|回|tr=かい, kai}}, {{W+|ja|次|tr=じ, ji}}, {{W+|ja|度|tr=ど, do}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|vegada|m}}, {{W+|ca|cop|n}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|safari|c5}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|회}}, {{W+|ko|번}}, {{W+|ko|차}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|ēventus}}, {{W-|la|versātiō}}, {{W+|la|vicis}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ຄັ້ງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|kartas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|пат|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|തവണ}}, {{W-|ml|പ്രാവശ്യം}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|alkalom}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|zp|h=z:p*zp}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|удаа|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|sinn}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|tid}}, {{W+|no|gang|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|vegada|m}}, {{W+|oc|còp|n}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Rekjs|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|raz|m-in}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|vez|m}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|dată}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|dată|m}}, {{W+|ro|oară|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|раз|n}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|geardi}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|put|n}}, {{W-|sh|пут|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|krát|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|krat|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|kol}}, {{W-|so|mar}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|vez|m}}, {{W+|es|tanda|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|mara}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|gång|g}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|முறை}}, {{W+|ta|தடவை}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ครั้ง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సారి}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kere}}, {{W+|tr|defa}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بار|m|tr=bār|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W-|ur|دفعہ|m|tr=dafā|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W-|ur|مرتبہ|tr=martaba}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|раз|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|òlta|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lần}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ជើង|tr=cəəŋ|sc=Khmr}}, {{W+|km|ដង|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φορά|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|time|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75746681}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|En-uk-a car.ogg|dever=QY}}
* {{deng|en|en-us-car.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-car.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-car.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Simplificationalizer-car.wav|Deng|dever=New Jersey, DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[ajok]], [[tirimpêl]], [[erebe]], [[otomobîl]], [[seyare]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[bangêrî]], [[îlan]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[hawar]], gazî
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# hîzar
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>a37hcxall4zvrkdxfpljbfz7o1ezzl1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>neql</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6282</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290914</id>
      <parentid>6262968</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290914</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1380" sha1="syvfvl74dqa3g7llnq9d365oheylwxn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/nɛql/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|neql|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[raguhastin]], ji [[cih|cihekî]] [[birin]] [[cih|cihek]] din
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Bê aleta isbatê ko illa yim ez&lt;/br&gt;Sed '''neql''' û riwayet di meya saf-i mûyek&lt;/br&gt;Îro ko ji pîrê xwe bi fetwa yim ez}}
# [[car]]
#: {{nm|ku|Vê '''neqlê''' tu were mala me.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|neqil}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|neql bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|neql kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|neqlbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|neqlkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|neqilandin
|neqilandî
|neqlbûyî
|neqlî
|neqilî
|neqilandî
|neqlkirî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|نقل|cuda=نَقْل|w=[[guhastin]], [[bar]]kirin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Übertragung}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Beförderung|guman=erê}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Abtransport|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الكرة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نقل}}, {{W+|fa|انتقال}}, {{W+|fa|جابجائی}}, {{W+|fa|دفعه}}, {{W+|fa|بار}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|devolution}}, {{W+|en|transportation}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aktarım}}, {{W+|tr|devir}}, {{W+|tr|kez}}, {{W+|tr|nakil}}, {{W+|tr|nöbet}}, {{W+|tr|volta}}, {{W+|tr|posta}}, {{W+|tr|defa}}, {{W+|tr|kere}}, {{W+|tr|yol}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>syvfvl74dqa3g7llnq9d365oheylwxn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6342</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290915</id>
      <parentid>6262484</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290915</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2122" sha1="qvpjime8lva0hl91tc3jwdchwwsptei" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-nas.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|nas}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# kesê yan tiştê tê [[zanîn]] ka [[kî]] yan [[çi]] ye
#: {{nm|ku|Ez wî '''nas''' dikim.|Ez dizanim ew kî ye.|rêz=1}}
# kesê [[rewişt]]ê yan [[tebîet]]ê wî tê zanîn
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# tiştê [[aga]] li ser [[awa]]yê [[kar]]kirin ango [[xebitîn]]a wî heye
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Işqê kiribûn wisa mubeddel&lt;br /&gt;Wan êkdû '''nas''' nekir ji ewwel&lt;br /&gt;Ewwel dikirin ji hev texerrub}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|niyas}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|naz}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nas kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nasbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|naskirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nasbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|naskirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bernas
|kevnenas
|bernasî
|nasandin
|nasandî
|nasîn
|naskirî
}}

{{kontrolWerger}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Bekannte|f}}, {{W+|de|Geschätzter}}, {{W|de|bekannt}}, {{W|de|vertraut}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آشنا}}, {{W+|fa|منسوب}}, {{W+|fa|شناخته}}, {{W+|fa|آشنای}}, {{W+|fa|شناس}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|acquainted}}, {{W+|en|familiar}}, {{W+|en|akin}}, {{W+|en|know}}, {{W|en|definite|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|experimentation|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aşina}}, {{W+|tr|biliş}}, {{W+|tr|dogma}}, {{W+|tr|tanış}}, {{W+|tr|yâr}}, {{W+|tr|aşna}}, {{W+|tr|bildik}}, {{W+|tr|nas}}, {{W+|tr|tanıdık}}, {{W|tr|inak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nas|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesa/ê [[heval|hevala/ê]] kesekî yan bi awayek din pirr [[nêz]]î wê / wî.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|mww}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|mww}}
# {{f|mww|heywan}} {{g|ku|mişk}}
#* {{bêmînak|mww}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[aşkere]], [[daraziya esehî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[dogma]], nas
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>qvpjime8lva0hl91tc3jwdchwwsptei</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6372</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290916</id>
      <parentid>6277988</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290916</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3673" sha1="dyc6quqycgq3xps80utlblakkxwyunb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|bel}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[vekirî]] (bi taybetî [[çav]])
#: {{nm|ku|Dema [[nivistin|dinive]] jî çavên wê '''bel''' in!}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|zîq}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|beş&lt;q:2&gt;
|boq
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bel bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bel kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|belbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|belkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|belçûn
|belbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|belkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|belî
|belkî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bulging|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sticking out|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|dikik}}, {{W+|tr|kabarık}}, {{W+|tr|kabartılı}}, {{W+|tr|pırtlak}}, {{W+|tr|dik}}, {{W+|tr|fırlak}}, {{W+|tr|kabartı}}, {{W+|tr|çıkık|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# {{mijar|az|amûr}} {{g|ku|bêr}}, {{g|ku|mer}}
#* {{bênimûne|az}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|bêr}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[bêl]] &lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bênimûne|en}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|ia}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ia}}
# {{g|ku|keşxe}}, [[şayîk]], [[qeşeng]], [[delal]], [[spehî]], [[bedew]], [[ciwan]], [[rind]], [[xweşik]]
#* {{bênimûne|ia}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ia|keşxe}}

== {{ziman|ill}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ill}}
# {{g|ku|dûkêl}}, {{g|ku|dû}}, {{g|ku|dûxan}}, {{g|ku|dûman}}
#* {{bênimûne|ill}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ill|dûkêl}}

== {{ziman|lmo}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|lmo}}
# {{g|ku|spehî}}, {{g|ku|ciwan}}, {{g|ku|bedew}}, {{g|ku|xweşik}}
#* {{bênimûne|lmo}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|lmo|spehî}}

== {{ziman|mdh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|mdh}}
# {{g|ku|dûkêl}}, {{g|ku|dû}}, {{g|ku|dûxan}}, {{g|ku|dûman}}
#* {{bênimûne|mdh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|mdh|dûkêl}}

== {{ziman|mrw}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|mrw}}
# {{g|ku|dûkêl}}, {{g|ku|dû}}, {{g|ku|dûxan}}, {{g|ku|dûman}}
#* {{bênimûne|mrw}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|mrw|dûkêl}}

== {{ziman|nrf}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nrf|z=n}}
# {{mijar|nrf|mal}} {{g|ku|hewş}}, {{g|ku|dermal}}
#* {{bênimûne|nrf}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nrf|hewş}}

== {{ziman|pro}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|pro}}
# {{g|ku|spehî}}, {{g|ku|ciwan}}, {{g|ku|bedew}}, {{g|ku|xweşik}}
#* {{bênimûne|pro}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pro|spehî}}

== {{ziman|rm}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|rm}}
# {{g|ku|spehî}}, {{g|ku|ciwan}}, {{g|ku|bedew}}, {{g|ku|xweşik}}
#* {{bênimûne|rm}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|rm|spehî}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[navkêl]], [[newq]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[hêma]], [[işaret]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[nav]], [[navteng]], [[noq]], [[navkilk]], [[navkêl]]
#: {{mk|tr|'''beli''' ince|rêz=1| nava wê zirav e}}
# [[pişt]], [[navpişt]], kodika piştê
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[zixur]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[pişt]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# bel, tê mana tîkî, Heywanê ku gohên wî/wê tîk bin.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{mk|zza|Pey dewda ma de yew kerreyo bel esto|rêz=1|Li pişt gundê me kevirekî bel heye}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|vo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|vo}}
# {{f|vo|erdnîgarî}} {{g|ku|çiya}}
#* {{bênimûne|vo}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|vo|çiya}}</text>
      <sha1>dyc6quqycgq3xps80utlblakkxwyunb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tengav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6454</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290917</id>
      <parentid>6240513</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290917</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5376" sha1="0ltfrvdjb18rt6ku66weqo4bo28jozq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/tʕɛŋˈɡɑːv/}}
* {{kîte|ku|ten|gav}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tengav|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|erdnîgarî}} [[cih|Cih]]ê [[teng]] yê [[av]] tê re [[derbas]] dibe.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Destava piçûk; hatina mîzê.
#: {{nm|ku|Çi ecela te heye, qê tu '''tengav''' î û tê herî tiwaletê?}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ته‌نگئاڤ}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|bendav
|derbend
|girav
|kendav
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|teng|av}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tengav bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tengav kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tengavbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tengavkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tengavbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tengavkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tengavî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|ngushticë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Meerenge|m}}, {{W+|de|Enge|m}}, {{W+|de|Straße|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|boğaz}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|itsasate}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|боғаҙ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пралі́ў|n}}, {{W-|be|прато́ка|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|প্রণালী}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|strizh-mor|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|проли́в|n}}, {{W+|bg|прото́к|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ရေလက်ကြား}}, {{W+|my|ပင်လယ်လက်ကြား}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|průliv|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|海峽|tr=hǎixiá}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|stræde|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|selat}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مَضِيق|n}}, {{W+|ar|مُخْتَنَق|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|նեղուց}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|markolo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|väin}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تنگه|tr=tange}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|salmi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|détroit|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|caol|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|estreito|n}}, {{W+|gl|freo|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სრუტე}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|जलसंधि}}, {{W-|hi|जलसंयोगी}}, {{W-|hi|जलडमरू}}, {{W+|hi|जलडमरूमध्य}}, {{W+|hi|तंगी}}, {{W-|hi|आबनाए}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|straat|n|m}}, {{W+|nl|nauw|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיצר|tr=meitsár|n|cuda=מיצר \ מֵצַר}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|strait}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|tarusan}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|caol|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|stretto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sund|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|海峡|tr=かいきょう, kaikyō}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|estret|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|кысык}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|해협}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|пролив}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|fretum}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|šaurums|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຊ່ອງແຄບ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|sąsiauris|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|про́ток|n}}, {{W-|mk|те́снец|n}}, {{W-|mk|мо́реуз|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|കടലിടുക്ക്}}, {{W+|ml|ജലസന്ധി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|selat}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kūititanga}}, {{W-|mi|awa}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|सामुद्रधुनी}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szoros}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|selet}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хоолой}}, {{W-|mn|тэнгисийн хоолой}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|जलसन्धि}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|богаз}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|dêtrait|n}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|sund}}, {{W-|no|strede|nt}}, {{W-|no|strete}}, {{W+|no|kanal|n}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|بوغاز|tr=boğaz}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|boʻgʻoz}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|cieśnina|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|estreito}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਪਣਜੋੜ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|бұғаз}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|strâmtoare|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|проли́в|n}}, {{W+|ru|прото́к|n}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|čoalbmi}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|теснац|n}}, {{W-|sh|тјеснац|n}}, {{W-|sh|мореуз|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|tesnac|n}}, {{W+|sh|tjesnac|n}}, {{W+|sh|moreuz|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|prieliv|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|preliv|n}}, {{W+|sl|ožina|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|estrecho|n}}, {{W+|es|paso|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sund|nt}}, {{W+|sv|nor|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|гулӯгоҳ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|kipot}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|நீரிணை}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ช่องแคบ}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|boğaz}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|бугаз}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|boğaz}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|bogaz}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|прото́ка|m}}, {{W-|uk|проли́в|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|eo biển}}
* {{Z|vro}}: {{W-|vro|salm}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|swnt|n}}, {{W-|cy|culfor|n}}, {{W-|cy|cyfyngfor|n}}, {{W-|cy|cyfyngfor|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ច្រកសមុទ្រ}}, {{W-|km|ដៃសមុទ្រ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|דורכגאָס|n}}, {{W-|yi|דורכגוס|n}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πορθμός|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πορθμός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|strait|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82395220}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê di [[rewş]]ek [[teng]] de, kesa/ê pirr [[pêdivî]] bi tiştekê heye, rewşa [[nexweş]] u [[berteng]], bêhina yekî/ê teng kirin.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|tengas}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|teng|av}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tengav bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tengav kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tengavbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tengavkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tengavbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tengavkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tengavî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|persecute}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0ltfrvdjb18rt6ku66weqo4bo28jozq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bizav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6567</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290918</id>
      <parentid>6278797</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290918</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1672" sha1="l1r2afywgehplkc7yuwe22qicrh3e22" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bizav|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[tevger|Tevger]], [[çalakî]], [[aktîvîte]], [[xebat]], [[têkoşîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bizava''' kurdî ya azadîxwaz.}}
# [[lez|Lez]], [[zûkahî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Bi lez û '''bizav'''.}}
# [[mihawile|Mihawile]], [[pêkol]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بزاڤ}}
* {{ku-kr|бьзаз}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|rêbaz
|rêç
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bizav kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bizavkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bizavkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bizavkar
|bizavkarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{g|ckb|بزاو}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Aktion|f}}, {{W+|de|Aktivität|f}}, {{W+|de|Bewegung|f}}, {{W+|de|dynamisch}}, {{W-|de|Beeilung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|محاولة}}, {{W-|ar|حركة}}, {{W-|ar|مسعى}}, {{W-|ar|السأو|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|القفش|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المیعة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اقدام}}, {{W+|fa|جریان}}, {{W+|fa|حرکت}}, {{W-|fa|ژیرایی}}, {{W+|fa|ژیرندگی}}, {{W+|fa|حرکت}}, {{W+|fa|جنبش}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|haste}}, {{W+|en|kinesis}}, {{W+|en|motion}}, {{W+|en|movement}}, {{W+|en|rush}}, {{W+|en|speed}}, {{W+|en|dynamic}}, {{W+|en|hurry}}, {{W+|en|strife|guman=erê}}, (3) {{W+|en|try}},
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|akım}}, {{W+|tr|aksiyon}}, {{W+|tr|bere}}, {{W+|tr|büzük}}, {{W+|tr|cereyan}}, {{W+|tr|faaliyet}}, {{W+|tr|hareket}}, {{W+|tr|tempo}}, {{W+|tr|etkin}}, {{W+|tr|mobil}}, {{W+|tr|eylem}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>l1r2afywgehplkc7yuwe22qicrh3e22</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6588</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290919</id>
      <parentid>6283168</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290919</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4174" sha1="t4coxhktynv5cd9ll4sr7o4ya30wpwi" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{beş|Rengdêr 1|Navdêr 2|}} {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-kal.wav|Deng|Amed}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-kal.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{beş|Rengdêr 2|}} {{ku-IPA|k(h)al}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr 1 ===
[[Wêne:Albert Einstein in later years.jpg|thumb|Einstein dema ku '''kal''' bûyî]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê [[temen]]ê wê / wî [[pir]] [[mezin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|pîr}} 
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Umrekî bêhed li bal bû&lt;br /&gt;Rihsipî bû şubhê '''kal''' bû&lt;br /&gt;Kuşt fena bû j'kesretê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|کال}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|pîr}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|babkal
|babûkal
|bavkal
|bavûkal
|kalemêr
|kalî
|kalîtî
|kaltî
|pîrekal
|kal bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kal kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kalbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kalkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kalbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kalkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|كهل}} (kehl: [[pîr]], [[pîremêr]]). Bo hin peyvên din jî, ku &quot;-eh-&quot; tê de dibe &quot;-a-&quot;, bide ber [[kehr]] / [[kar]](ik), [[kehnî]] / [[kanî]], [[lehindik]] / [[landik]]...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Greis|m|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|bejahrt|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|oft|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|عجوز}}, {{W|ar|مسن}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|پیر}}, {{W|fa|مسن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|میوه نارس|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|نارس|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|old}}, {{W|en|old man}}, {{W|en|graybeard}}, {{W|en|elderly|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|grandfather|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|grandpa|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|senescent|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|(home) ancià}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ağababa|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|büyük baba|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|cet|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|dede|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|gök|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ham|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|hışır|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ihtiyar|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kelek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|pir|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yaşlı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yeşil|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|büyükbaba|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|presbit|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|kal}}
{{rengdêr|ku}} {{bilêv|k|req}}
# ([[fêkî|fêkiyên]]) [[negihiştî]], [[xav]], [[çênebûyî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Şebeşê '''kal'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Petêxê '''kal'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Fêkiyên '''kal'''.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|کاڵ|tr=[[kał]]}}, {{hv|fa|کالک|tr=kalek}}, ji {{ji|ira}}. Ji eynî rehî: kal (negihiştî)

=== Rengdêr 3 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[sor]]ê [[vebûyî]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[reng]]ê [[sar]] û [[girtî]]: zerê '''kal''', spiyê kal, sorê kal
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kal|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|fêkî}} mêweyeke bûstanan, [[zebeş]], [[şûtî]], [[şimtî]], [[şiftî]], [[kelek]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
{{bend}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kal|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[newal]]ê [[wadî]], geliyê biçûk
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|vadi}}, {{W+|tr|dere}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# {{guharto|ckb|kał|sc=Latn}}

== {{ziman|sjg}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sjg}}
# {{mijar|sjg|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}
#* {{bênimûne|sjg}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sjg|av/Werger}}

== {{ziman|uz}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|uz}}
# {{mijar|uz|anatomî}} {{g|ku|keçel}}
#* {{bênimûne|uz}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|uz|keçel}}

== {{ziman|sh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sh|kȃl|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|herrî}} (ava têrav)
#* {{bênimûne|sh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sh|herrî}}

== {{ziman|tma}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tma}}
# {{mijar|tma|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}
#* {{bênimûne|tma}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tma|av/Werger3}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-kal.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-kal.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[qal]], [[gotin]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>t4coxhktynv5cd9ll4sr7o4ya30wpwi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêdî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6605</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290920</id>
      <parentid>6282551</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:04:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290920</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5880" sha1="rmh7whajyh7dpf28bpmsm2sn2ynvmpj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ˈheːdiː/}}
* {{deng|ku|Ku-hêdî.oga|Deng}}
* {{kîte|ku|hê|dî}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|hêdî}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[ne zû]], ne bi [[lez]], ne bi [[lez]] û [[bizav]]
#: {{nm|ku|Tu çima wisa '''hêdî''' dixwî?}}
# ne [[lezgîn]], [[ne bilez]], ne [[bilezûbizav]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ev ji wê '''hêdîtir''' e.}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[hêwaş]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|هدوء|tr=hudûʔ}}, navdêra lêkerî a {{g|ar|هَدَأَ|w=aram}}. Bi etîmoljiya gelêrî peywendî {{q|ku|hêmin}} û {{q|ku|hêwaş}} jî hatiye kirin nê ew ne hevreh in. A îranî a xwemalî di zimanên din ên îranî de jî hevmaneyên ''aram'' e, bide ber {{hv|fa|آهسته|tr=aheste}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|langsam}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W|as|লেহেম}}, {{W|as|লেহেমীয়া}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W|ast|lentu}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|geldi}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W|ba|яй}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W|be|паво́льны}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W|bcl|maluhay}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|бавен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W|my|နှေး}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W|ccc|yakameleste}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|pomalý|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|langsom}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|lambat}}, {{W|id|pelan}}, {{W|id|perlahan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|بَطِيء}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|դանդաղ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|malrapida}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W|et|aeglane}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|آهسته}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|seinur}}, {{W|fo|pjakutur}}, {{W|fo|pjákutur}}, {{W|fo|seinførur}}, {{W|fo|høsnutur}}, {{W|fo|døllutur}}, {{W|fo|seinpjakutur}}, {{W|fo|putlutur}}, {{W|fo|drúgvur}}, {{W|fo|ótíttur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|hidas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|lent|n}}, {{W|fr|lente|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W|fur|lent}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|mall}}, {{W|gd|slaodach}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W|ka|ნელი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|धीमा}}, {{W|hi|सुस्त}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|traag}}, {{W|nl|langzaam}}, {{W|nl|sloom}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|איטי}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W|io|lenta}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W|ang|læt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|slow}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|mall}}, {{W|ga|righin}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|lento|n}}, {{W|it|lenta|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|hægur}}, {{W|is|seinn}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|遅い}}, {{W|ja|ゆっくり}}, {{W|ja|鈍足}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W|kl|arriitsoq}}, {{W|kl|kigaatsoq}}, {{W|kl|sukkaatsoq}}
* {{Z|yue}}: {{W|yue|慢}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|lent}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|느린}}, {{W|ko|느리다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|lentus}}, {{W|la|tardus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W|lv|lēns}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W|lo|ຊ້າ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W|lb|lues}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W|mk|бавен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|lambat}}, {{W|ms|perlahan}}, {{W|ms|pelan}}
* {{Z|cmn}}: {{W|cmn|慢}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|lassú}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W|mn|удаан}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W|nap|liento}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W|nv|chʼééh}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W|nrf|lent}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|langsom|n}}, {{W|no|langsomt}}, {{W|no|langsomme}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W|oc|lent}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|wolny}}, {{W|pl|powolny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|lento}}, {{W|pt|devagar}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W|rm|plaun}}, {{W|rm|lamaschi}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|încet}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|ме́дленный}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W|se|njoahci}}, {{W|se|hillján}}, {{W|se|hillji}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W|scn|lentu}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|спор}}, {{W|sh|spor}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|pomalý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|počasen}}
* {{Z|hsb}}: {{W|hsb|pomałki}}, {{W|hsb|pomały}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|lento}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|pole}}, {{W|sw|aste}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|långsam}}, {{W|sv|seg}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|mabagal}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W|th|ช้า}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W|te|నిదానము}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|yavaş}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W|tyv|оожум}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W|uk|пові́льний}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W|vec|slofio}}, {{W|vec|piajo}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W|vi|chậm}}, {{W|vi|chậm chạp}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W|vo|nevifik}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W|wa|londjin|n}}, {{W|wa|loyminoye|n}}, {{W|wa|lintiveus|n}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W|cy|araf}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W|km|យឺត}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W|yi|פּאַמעלעך}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W|grc|βραδύς}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|αργός|n}}, {{W|el|βραδύς|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W|za|menh}}, {{W|za|yaeng}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker 1 ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# ne bi [[deng]]ekê [[bilind]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hêdî''' biaxive daku zarokên di xewê de hişyar nebin!}}
# [[aram]], [[aşt]], [[tena]]
#: {{nm|ku|Zarok digirî, divê ez wî '''hêdî''' bikim.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Bê dev û qîl û qal bibej&lt;/br&gt;'''Hêdî''' bi lefzê hal bibêj&lt;/br&gt;Ber “Mîm û Hê û Dal” bibêj}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}Ji erebî hidû   هدوء

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hêdî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêdî çûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêdîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêdîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêdîçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêdî-hêdî
|hêdîka
|hêdîkahî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|bedächtig}}, {{W|de|diskret}}, {{W|de|langsam|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|آرام}}, {{W|fa|آھستھ}}, {{W|fa|یواش}}, {{W|fa|یواش}}, {{W|fa|آهسته|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|brady}}, {{W|en|brady-}}, {{W|en|leaden|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|quietly|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|slow|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|tardily|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|cunctation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|cumbersome|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|larghetto|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|largo|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|lentamente|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|lentissimo|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|snail-paced|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|aheste}}, {{W|tr|bati}}, {{W|tr|yavaş}}, {{W|tr|usul|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ağır ol!|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yavaş!|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ağır ol|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker 2 ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# ji [[hingê]] pêve, ji wê [[gav]]ê [[şûnve]], ji [[niha]] pêve. ''Baştir'' '''[[êdî]]'''
#: {{nm|ku|Tu '''hêdî''' ne zarok î.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>rmh7whajyh7dpf28bpmsm2sn2ynvmpj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>koçber</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6697</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290921</id>
      <parentid>6243328</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290921</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6027" sha1="8fhcvwbuee4voyba1n7ebhl88lqdtff" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# Kesên ji [[gund]]ê yan [[bajar]]ê yan [[welat]]ê xwe çûne li [[gund]]ek yan [[bajar]]ek yan [[welat]]ek din [[jîn|dijîn]].&lt;br/&gt; [[kes|Kesê/a]] ku ji [[war]]ê xwe [[wexer kirin|wexer dike]] warek [[din]].
#: {{nm|ku|Bavê min li elmaniya bû '''koçber'''.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|koçbûyî
|koçkirî
}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|mihacir
|penaber
|penaxwaz
}}

====Bide ber====
* {{g|ku|koçer}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|koç|-ber}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|koçberî
|koçerîtî
|koçbertî
|koçber bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|koçberbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

{{kontrolWerger}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|immigrant}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mërgimtar|n}}, {{W+|sq|imigrant|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Einwanderer|n}}, {{W+|de|Einwanderin|m}}, {{W+|de|Immigrant|n}}, {{W+|de|Immigrantin|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|immiqrant}}, {{W+|az|mühacir}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|etorkin}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|імігра́нт|n}}, {{W-|be|імігра́нтка|m}}, {{W-|be|перасяле́нец|n}}, {{W-|be|перасяле́нка|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|অভিবাসী}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|имигра́нт|n}}, {{W-|bg|имигра́нтка|m}}, {{W+|bg|пресе́лник|n}}, {{W-|bg|пресе́лничка|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|přistěhovalec|n}}, {{W+|cs|přistěhovalkyně|m}}, {{W+|cs|imigrant|n}}, {{W-|cs|imigrantka|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|移民|tr=ji4 man4}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|移民|tr=yímín}}, {{W+|cmn|移民者|tr=yímínzhě}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|indvandrer|g}}, {{W+|da|immigrant|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|imigran}}, {{W+|id|pendatang}}, {{W-|id|orang pindah}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُهَاجِر|n}}, {{W-|ar|مُهَاجِرَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ներգաղթյալ}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|immigrant}}, {{W-|et|sisserändaja}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مهاجر|tr=mohâjer}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|siirtolainen}}, {{W+|fi|maahanmuuttaja}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|immigrant|n}}, {{W+|fr|immigrante|m}}, {{W+|fr|immigré|n}}, {{W+|fr|immigrée|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|in-imriche|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|inmigrante|n|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|იმიგრანტი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|आप्रवासी|n}}, {{W-|hi|मुहाजिर|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|inwijkeling|n}}, {{W+|nl|ingewekene}}, {{W+|nl|immigrant|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מְהַגֵּר|n|tr=m'hagér}}, {{W-|he|מְהַגֶּרֶת|m|tr=m'hagéret}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|immigrant}}, {{W+|en|migrant}}, {{W+|en|emigrant}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|inimirceach|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|immigrante|n|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|innflytjandi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|移民|tr=いみん, imin}}, {{W+|ja|移住者|tr=いじゅうしゃ, ijūsha}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|immigrant|n|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|иммигрант}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|이민}}, {{W-|ko|이민자}}, {{W-|ko|이주자}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|imigrants|n}}, {{W-|lv|ieceļotājs|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຄົນເຂົ້າເມືອງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|imigrantas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|доселеник|n}}, {{W-|mk|доселеничка|m}}, {{W-|mk|имигра́нт|n}}, {{W-|mk|имигра́нтка|m}}, {{W-|mk|преселник|n}}, {{W-|mk|преселничка|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|pendatang}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|bevándorló}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|цагаач}}, {{W-|mn|нүүсэн}}, {{W+|mn|шилжсэн}}, {{W+|mn|цагаачлагч}}, {{W-|sh|имѝгранткиња|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|innvandrer|n}}, {{W+|nb|immigrant|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|innvandrar|n}}, {{W-|nn|immigrant|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W-|oc|immigrant|n}}, {{W-|oc|immigranta|m}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|كۆچمەن}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|immigrant}}, {{W+|uz|muhojir}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|مهاجر|n|tr=mohāǰér}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Immigraunt|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|imigrant|n}}, {{W+|pl|imigrantka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|imigrante|n|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|келімсек}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|imigrant|n}}, {{W+|ro|imigrantă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|иммигра́нт|n}}, {{W+|ru|иммигра́нтка|m}}, {{W+|ru|переселе́нец|n}}, {{W+|ru|переселе́нка|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|досељѐнӣк|n}}, {{W-|sh|досељѐница|m}}, {{W-|sh|имѝгрант|n}}, {{W-|sh|имѝгранткиња|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|doseljènīk|n}}, {{W+|sh|doseljènica|m}}, {{W+|sh|imìgrant|n}}, {{W-|sh|imìgrantkinja|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|prisťahovalec|n}}, {{W-|sk|prisťahovalkyňa|m}}, {{W-|sk|imigrant|n}}, {{W-|sk|imigrantka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|priseljenec|n}}, {{W-|sl|priseljenka|m}}, {{W-|sl|imigrant|n}}, {{W-|sl|imigrantka|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|inmigrante|n|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|invandrare|g}}, {{W+|sv|immigrant|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|муҳоҷир}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|manunuludbayan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ผู้อพยพ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|göçmen}}, {{W+|tr|muhacir}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|immigrant}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གཞིས་ཆགས་ལ་ཡོང་པའི་མི}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|مہاجر|n|tr=muhājir}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|іммігра́нт|n}}, {{W-|uk|іммігра́нтка|m}}, {{W-|uk|переселе́нець|n}}, {{W-|uk|переселе́нка|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|dân nhập cư}}, {{W+|vi|nhập cư}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W-|vo|nütevan}}, {{W-|vo|hinütevan}}, {{W-|vo|jinütevan}}, {{W-|vo|nütevanef}}, {{W-|vo|hinütevanef}}, {{W-|vo|jinütevanef}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|mewnfudwr}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ជនអន្តោប្រវេសន៍}},​ {{W-|km|អន្តោប្រវេសន្ត}}, {{W-|km|ជននិគម}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|אימיגראַנט|n}}, {{W-|yi|אײַנוואַנדערער|n}}, {{W-|yi|אײַנגעוואַנדערטער|n}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μετανάστης|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|immigrant|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75888017}}</text>
      <sha1>8fhcvwbuee4voyba1n7ebhl88lqdtff</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6757</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290922</id>
      <parentid>6112851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290922</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19361" sha1="003hxx15u33orinxk67alq36wxuuw5v" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|dîl}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-dil.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dil|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Fhdhf.GIF|thumb|200px|Sembola '''dilî'''.]]
{{wp|dilê mirov}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[parçe|Parçeya]] [[leş]]î ya ku li aliyê [[çep]]ê yê [[sîng]]î ye û karê wî [[hilkişandin]]a [[xwîn]]ê ye.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Dil'''ê mirovan masûlkeyekî bi çar ode ye. Wazîfa '''dil''' ev e ku, xwînê bigêhejîne her derê bedena mirovan. Ango dil wek pompe dixebite îi di deqîqê da 70 caran lêdixê.|''[[w:Anatomiya Bedena Mirovan|Anatomiya Bedena Mirovan]]'', [[w:Huseyin Bektaş|Huseyin Bektaş]], Weşanên ''Deng''}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Dilê''' wî weke defê lêdixist, radibû û dadiket.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Roja înî ji bo nexweşekê 57 salî li zanîngeha Maryland li Amerîkayê emeliyateka '''dilî''' hat kirin û '''dilê''' berazekî jê ra hat çandin.|[https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/azad-najar-dil%C3%AA-beraz%C3%AE-cih%C3%AA-dil%C3%AAn-%C3%AEst%C3%AEna%C3%AE-nagire Azad Najar: Dilê berazî cihê dilên îstînaî nagire]}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} Cihê [[hest]]an û [[evîn]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dilê''' min wê [[bijandin|dibijîne]].}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ma '''dilê''' te pê [[şewitîn|naşewite]]?!}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Da çêbitin der dil [[tereb]]&lt;br/&gt;Turk û Ecem, Rom û Ereb|[[w:Şêx Evdirehmanê Axtepî|Şêx Evdirehmanê Axtepî]]}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[yar]], [[berdilî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Tu '''dilê''' min î!|Ez pirr ji te hez dikim.|rêz=1}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[navend]], [[merkez]]
#: {{nm|ku|Di '''dilê''' Kurdistanê de.}}
# [[samîmî]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...mirov ji awirên wî têderdixist ku çiqas ji '''dil''' û can kêfa wî ji Mr. Utterson re dihat.|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=15}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دل}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|qelb}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dil girtin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|dil kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|dil xwestin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|dil hebûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|dil dan&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|dil ketin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|dilkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dilxwestin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dilgirtin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dilçûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dilberdan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dildan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dilketin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dilhebûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|dildayî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|dilgirtî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|dilketî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|dilxwestî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|dilkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|dilberdayî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|dilasa
|dilasan
|dilasanî
|dilawer
|dilawerî
|dilawêr
|dilawêrî
|dilbawer
|dilbawerî
|dilbaz
|dilbazî
|dilbiçûk
|dilbiçûkî
|dilbikul
|dilbikulî
|dilbitirs
|dilçepel
|dilçepelî
|dilçil
|dilçilî
|dil dan
|dildar
|dilêr
|dilêrî
|dilêş
|dilêşî
|dilevîn
|dilevînî
|dilfire
|dilfire
|dilfirehî
|dilfireyî
|dilgerm
|dilgermî
|dilgeş
|dilgeşî
|dilgir
|dilgirî
|dilgiran
|dilgiranî
|dilhebî
|dilhebîn
|dilhebînî
|dil hebûn
|dil hênik bûn
|dilhişk
|dilhişkî
|dilî
|dilik
|dilîn
|dilîn
|dilîn
|dilkêş
|dilkêşî
|dilkeder
|dilkederî
|dilkeser
|dilkeserî
|dilketî
|dil ketin
|dil kirin
|dilkirin
|dilkoçer
|dilkul
|dilkulî
|dilkûr
|dilkûrî
|dil man
|dil man pê ve
|dilman
|dilmanî
|dilmayî
|dilme
|dilmê
|dilnerm
|dilnermî
|dilnexwaz
|dilnexwazî
|dilnizm
|dilnizmî
|dilodîn
|dilodînî
|dilovan
|dilovanî
|dilpak
|dilpakî
|dilpêvehî
|dilpîs
|dilpîsî
|dilrast
|dilrastî
|dil rawestandin
|dilrawestandî
|dilrawestî
|dil rawestîn
|dilrawestîn
|dilrawestiyayî
|dilreş
|dilreşî
|dilron
|dilronî
|dilsaf
|dilsafî
|dilsar
|dilsarî
|dilsaz
|dilsazî
|dilsivik
|dilsivikî
|dilsoj
|dilsojî
|dilsotî
|dilsoz
|dilsozî
|dilşa
|dilşad
|dilşadî
|dilşahî
|dilşayî
|dil şikestin
|dilşikestin
|dilşikestî
|dil şkestin
|dilşkestin
|dilşkestî
|dilşikên
|dilşikênî
|dilşikîn
|dilşikînî
|dilşkên
|dilşkênî
|dilşkîn
|dilşkînî
|dilteng
|diltengî
|diltenik
|diltenikî
|diltepîn
|diltepînî
|diltezîn
|diltezînî
|diltirs
|diltirsî
|dilvîn
|dilvînî
|dilwas
|dilwasî
|dilxav
|dilxavî
|dilxereng
|dilxerengî
|dilxwaz
|dilxwazî
|dilxweş
|dilxweşî
|jidil
|ber dil girtin
|dil bijandin
|dil girtin
|dil kirin
|dil rabûn
|dil rakirin
|dil sotin
|dil şewitandin
|dil şewitîn
|dilê xwe girtin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{etymon|ku|id=qelb|bor|fa&gt;دل&gt;qelb, mîde|tree=1}}
Ihtimalên deyn ji {{deyn|fa|ku|دل|tr=dêl}},{{eref|{{Chyet|r=152}}}}, ji {{ji|pal|ku|𐭣𐭩𐭫|tr=dyl|ts=dil}}, {{ji|peo|ku||tr=dird}}, taliyê ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*kerd-}}.

Hevreha {{hv|ckb|دڵ|tr=dił}}, {{hv|zza|zerre}}, {{hv|hac|tr=zil|t=dil}}, {{hv|ae|𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛}}, {{hv|xpr|𐫉𐫏𐫡𐫅|tr=zyrd|ts=zirδ}}, {{hv|bal|tr=zird, dil}}, {{hv|ps|زړه|tr=zrë,zra}}, {{hv|sa|हृदय}}, {{hv|hy|սիրտ}} û {{hv|en|heart}}.

{{çavkanî-etîm}}

;{{biçûk|Çavkaniyên din:
* {{Horn|r=127}}
* {{Watkins|r=41}}
* {{MacKenzie|r=126}}
* {{Etymonline|heart}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{g|ckb|دڵ|tr=dił}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: {{W-|sdh|dił|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|lki}}: {{W-|lki|dił|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|hac}}: zêll
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|zerre}}, [[dil]], [[qelb]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}

* {{Z|abq}}: {{W-|abq|агвы}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|агәы}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|гу}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|hart}}
* {{Z|xag}}: {{W-|xag|𐕆𐕞𐕡𐕄}}
* {{Z|akk}}: {{W-|akk|𒊮|tr=libbu|sc=Xsux}}
* {{Z|akz}}: {{W-|akz|chonoska}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|zemër|m}}
*: {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|zëmbër}}
* {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|herza}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Herz|nt}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Härz|nt}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|јӱрек}}
* {{Z|amm}}: {{W-|amm|mulu}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ልብ|sc=Ethi}}
* {{Z|ani}}: {{W-|ani|рокӏо}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|bijíí}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|corazón|n}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܠܒܐ|n|tr=lebbā}}
*: {{Z|tmr}}: {{W-|arc|לִבָּא|n|tr=libbā|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|arw}}: {{W-|arw|wasina}}
* {{Z|aqc}}: {{W-|aqc|икӏв}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|inimã|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|ডিল}}, {{W-|as|হিয়া-জালী}}, {{W-|as|হৃদযন্ত্ৰ|nt}}, {{W-|as|হৃদপিণ্ড}}, {{W-|as|কলিজা}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|corazón|n}}, {{W+|ast|corazu|n}}, {{W-|ast|coral|n}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|ракӏ}}
* {{Z|ay}}: {{W+|ay|lluqu}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ケウトゥㇺ|tr=kewtum}}, {{W-|ain|カッ|tr=kat}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ürək}}
* {{Z|bdr}}: {{W-|bdr|jantung}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W-|bm|dusu}}
* {{Z|bjn}}: {{W-|bjn|andui}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|bihotz}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|йөрәк}}
* {{Z|sne}}: {{W-|sne|satung}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|сэ́рца|nt}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|دل|tr=dil}}, {{W-|bal|زرد|tr=zird}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|হৃৎপিন্ড|sc=Beng}}, {{W+|bn|হার্ট|sc=Beng}}
* {{Z|bqi}}: {{W-|bqi|دل|tr=del|sc=fa-Arab}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|puso}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|kalon|m}}
* {{Z|kxd}}: {{W-|kxd|jantung}}
* {{Z|bdk}}: {{W-|bdk|йыкӏ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|сърце́|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|နှလုံး|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|зүрхэн}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|ajkeloki}}
* {{Z|cbk}}: {{W-|cbk|corazon|n}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|дог}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|srdce|nt}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏓᏅᏙ|sc=Cher}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|mtima}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|心臟}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|щин}}, {{W-|dng|галэбу}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|心臟|tr=sîm-chhong}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|心臟}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|心臟}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|心臟|tr=sim-chōng}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|心臟}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|линлиӈ|tr=ḷinḷiṇ}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|чӗре|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|hjerte|nt}}
* {{Z|dar}}: {{W-|dar|уркӀи}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ހިތް|sc=Thaa}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|һүрэк|tr=hürek}}
* {{Z|duo}}: {{W-|duo|pusu}}
* {{Z|xeb}}: {{W-|xeb|𒇷𒅤|tr=li-bù}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|järta|nt}}
* {{Z|egl}}: {{W-|egl|côr|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|jantung}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|قَلْب|n}}, {{W+|ar|فُؤَاد|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|قلب|n|tr=ʾalb}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|قلب|n|tr=ɡalb}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|قلب|n|tr=qalb}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|قلب|n|tr=ʔalb}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|սիրտ}}
*: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|սիրտ|sc=Armn}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|седей}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|koro}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|süda}}
* {{Z|gez}}: {{W-|gez|ልብ|sc=Ethi}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|меван}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|dzi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دل|tr=del}}, {{W+|fa|قلب|tr=qalb}}
* {{Z|phn}}: {{W-|phn|𐤋𐤁}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|hjarta|nt}}
* {{Z|hif}}: {{W-|hif|dil}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W+|fj|uto}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sydän}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|cuer}}
* {{Z|frm}}: {{W-|frm|coeur}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cœur|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cûr|n}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|hart|nt}}
* {{Z|ofs}}: {{W-|ofs|hirte}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Haat|nt}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|hert|nt}}
* {{Z|ff}}: {{W-|ff|ɓernde}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cridhe|n}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|kalp}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|corazón|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍉|nt}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|દિલ|nt|sc=Gujr}}, {{W-|gu|હૃદય|nt|sc=Gujr}}, {{W-|gu|હૈયું|nt|sc=Gujr}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გული}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|ñe'ã}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|kè}}
* {{Z|hss}}: {{W-|hss|ḥelbeb}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|puʻuwai}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|zuciya}}
* {{Z|hac}}: {{W-|hac|دڵ|tr=dił|sc=fa-Arab}}
* {{Z|hid}}: {{W-|hid|náada}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|kasingkasing}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|दिल|n}}, {{W+|hi|हृदय|n}}, {{W+|hi|हिया|n}}, {{W+|hi|कलेजा|n}}, {{W+|hi|जिगर|n}}, {{W-|hi|क़ल्ब|n}}, {{W+|hi|कल्ब|n}}, {{W-|hi|हार्ट|n}}, {{W+|hi|हृद्|n}}, {{W+|hi|हिवड़ा|n}}, {{W+|hi|जिगरा|n}}, {{W+|hi|गूदा|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|tagipusoon}}
* {{Z|hit}}: {{W-|hit|𒆠𒅕|tr=kir|sc=Xsux}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|plawv}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|hart|nt}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Herz|nt}}
* {{Z|huz}}: {{W-|huz|раъкӏу}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|לֵב|n|tr=lev}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|kordio}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|obi}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|puso}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|heorte||m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|heart}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|syänmuna}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|дог}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|corde}}
* {{Z|iu}}: {{W-|iu|ᐆᒻᒪᑎ|sc=Cans}}
* {{Z|ik}}: {{W-|ik|uumman}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|croí|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|cride|nt}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|puso}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|core}}, {{W-|ist|cor|n}}, {{W-|ist|cour}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|cuore|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hjarta|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|心臓|tr=しんぞう, shinzō}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|jantung}}
* {{Z|quc}}: {{W-|quc|anima’}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|ul}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|uummat}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|зүркн}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಹೃದಯ|sc=Knda}}
* {{Z|kr}}: {{W-|kr|karǝgǝ}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|serce|nt}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|cor}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|sunqu}}, {{W-|qu|songo}}, {{W-|qu|şongo}}
* {{Z|ket}}: {{W-|ket|хуу|tr=hū}}
* {{Z|khv}}: {{W-|khv|локӏва}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жүрөк|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ktu}}: {{W-|ktu|ntima}}
* {{Z|kg}}: {{W-|kg|mwoyo}}, {{W-|kg|ntima}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|හදවත|sc=Sinh}}
* {{Z|rw}}: {{W-|rw|umutima}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|sjd}}: {{W-|sjd|кӯттҍк}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|сьӧлӧм}}
* {{Z|kpv}}: {{W-|kpv|сьӧлӧм}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|심장}}, {{W+|ko|心臟}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|kolon|m}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W+|co|core|n}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|юрек}}
* {{Z|cuk}}: {{W-|cuk|kuage}}
* {{Z|lbj}}: {{W-|lbj|སྙིང}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|korasón|n}}
* {{Z|lbe}}: {{W-|lbe|къюкӏ}}
* {{Z|lkt}}: {{W-|lkt|chaŋté}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sirds|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|cor|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|sirds|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ໃຈ}}, {{W-|lo|ກະມະລະ}}, {{W-|lo|ຈິດຕະຣາດ}}, {{W-|lo|ດວງໃຈ}}, {{W-|lo|ຣຶໄທ}}, {{W-|lo|ຫົວໃຈ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|გური}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|рикӏ|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|motéma}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|cheu|n}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W+|li|hert|nt}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|širdis|m}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|sidām}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|cör}}, {{W-|lmo|cœur|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Häerz|nt}}
* {{Z|xlu}}: {{W-|xlu|𒍝𒀀𒅈𒍝|tr=zārza|sc=Xsux}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|hèrz|nt}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|срце|nt}}
* {{Z|vmw}}: {{W-|vmw|murima}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|fo}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഹൃദയം|sc=Mlym}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jantung}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|qalb|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠮᠠᠨ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠮᡠᠵᡳᠯᡝᠨ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|cree|m}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|manawa}}
* {{Z|arn}}: {{W-|arn|piwke}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|poso'}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|ह्रुदय|sc=Deva}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|шӱм}}
*: {{Z|mrj}}: {{W-|mrj|йӓнг}}
* {{Z|mrc}}: {{W-|mrc|iiwa}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|puksiʼikʼal}}
* {{Z|mzn}}: {{W-|mzn|دل}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|py'a}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szív}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|გური}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|jatuong}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|jb|n|h=ib:Z1}}, {{W-egy|ḥꜣtj|n|h=HAt:t*y-F34}}
* {{Z|lus}}: {{W-|lus|lung}}, {{W-|lus|thinlung}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|coraçon|n}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|седи}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|зүрх|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡ|sc=Mong}}
* {{Z|mxi}}: {{W-|mxi|قرجون|n|tr=qurəjūn|sc=Arab}}
* {{Z|ukk}}: {{W-|ukk|roc³ caj³}}
* Nahuatl:
*: {{Z|nhn}}: {{W-|nhn|yolotl}}
*: {{Z|nch}}: {{W-|nch|yolotl}}
*: Klasîk: {{W-|nci|yollotl}}, {{W-|nci|yollohtli}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|миаван}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|core|n}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|ajéídíshjool}}
* {{Z|na}}: {{W+|na|idiruko}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Hiärte}}, {{W-|nds|Hiätt}} ; {{W-|nds|Hart|nt}}
* {{Z|yrk}}: {{W-|yrk|сей|tr=sej}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|मुटु|sc=Deva}}, {{W-|ne|हृदय|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|new}}: {{W-|new|नुगः}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|юрек|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|tchoeu|n}}, {{W-|nrf|tchoeur|n}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|hjarta|nt}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|hjerte|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|hjarte|nt}}, {{W+|nn|hjarta|nt}}
* {{Z|cst}}: {{W-|cst|mí̄nji}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|inde'}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|くくる|tr=kukuru}}
* {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|cor}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|còr|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ହୃତ୍ପିଣ୍ଡ}}
* {{Z|oaa}}: {{W-|oaa|ме̄ва}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|honnee}}, {{W-|om|laphee}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|зӕрдӕ|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|یورك|tr=yürek}}, {{W-|ota|قلب|tr=kalb}}, {{W-|ota|گوڭل|tr=göñül}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|يۈرەك|sc=ug-Arab}}, {{W+|ug|قەلب|sc=ug-Arab}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yurak}}
* {{Z|pau}}: {{W-|pau|reng}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|puso}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|kurason}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|زړه|tr=zrë|sc=ps-Arab}}, {{W-|ps|قلب|n|tr=qalb}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|cheur|n}}
* {{Z|sje}}: {{W-|sje|vájbmo}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|-yulu}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|kuṯuṯu}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Hoat|nt}}
* {{Z|pox}}: {{W-|pox|zai̯våtăk|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|serce|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|coração|n}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|seyr}}, {{W-|prg|sīr|nt}}, {{W-|prg|sīran|nt}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਦਿਲ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਜਿਗਰਾ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਹਿਰਦਾ|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|жүрек|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ϩⲏⲧ}}
* {{Z|mwr}}: {{W-|mwr|हिवडौ|tr=hivaḍau}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|mahatu}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|cör|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|cor}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|ilo|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|inimă|m}}, {{W+|ro|cord|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|се́рдце|nt}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|сердце|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|váibmu}}
* {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|čââʹđ}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|fatun}}
* {{Z|sgs}}: {{W-|sgs|šėrdės|m}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|हृदय|nt}}, {{W+|sa|हृद्|nt}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱵᱳᱨᱳ}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|còro|n}}
* {{Z|sib}}: {{W-|sib|pucu}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|kasingkasing}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|cori|n}}
* {{Z|sid}}: {{W-|sid|wodana}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|serce|nt}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W+|sd|دل|tr=dili|cuda=دِلِ|sc=sd-Arab}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ср̏це|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|sȑce|nt|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|hert}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|срьдьцє|nt|sc=Cyrs}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⱄⱃⱐⰴⱐⱌⰵ|nt|sc=Glag}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|сьрдьце|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|srdce|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|srce|nt}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|wadne|n}}, {{W-|so|qalbi|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wutšoba|m}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|wutroba|m}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|pelo}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|corazón|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|jantung}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|გვი}}, {{W-|sva|გუ̂ი}}, {{W-|sva|გუ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|moyo|y}}, {{W+|sw|mioyo|p}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|hjärta|nt}}
* {{Z|xsr}}: {{W-|xsr|སྙིང|tr=nying}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W-|sn|moyo}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|чӱрек|tr=çürek}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|юкӏв}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дил|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|tg|қалб|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|puso}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|இதயம்|sc=Taml}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|píana}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|jantung}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หัวใจ}}, {{W+|th|ดวงใจ}}, {{W+|th|หฤทัย}}, {{W+|th|ฤทัย}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|గుండె}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⵓⵍ|n}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|yürek}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|йөрәк|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|fuan}}
* {{Z|tig}}: {{W-|tig|ልብ|sc=Ethi}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ልቢ|sc=Ethi}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yürek}}, {{W+|tr|kalp}}, {{W+|tr|dil}}, {{W+|tr|gönül}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|kalp}}, {{W-|tk|ýürek}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སྙིང|sc=Tibt}}, {{W-|bo|མགུལ་སྙིང|sc=Tibt}}
* {{Z|xto}}: {{W-|xto|āriñc}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|käryāñ|p}}, {{W-|txb|arañce}}
* {{Z|tn}}: {{W-|tn|pelo}}
* {{Z|tum}}: {{W-|tum|mtima}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|чүрек}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|сюлэм}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎍𐎁}}
* {{Z|umb}}: {{W-|umb|utima}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|دل|n|tr=dil}}, {{W-|ur|ہردی|tr=hŕday}}, {{W+|ur|قلب|n|tr=qalb}}
* {{Z|uby}}: {{W-|uby|гьы}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|се́рце|nt}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|còre|n}}
* {{Z|vep}}: {{W-|vep|}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tim}} ({{W+|vi|心}})
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|lad}}
* {{Z|vro}}: {{W-|vro|süä}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|süä}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|cour|n}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|calon|m}}
*: {{Z|wlm}}: {{W-|wlm|callon|m}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W+|wo|xol}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|បេះដូង}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|intliziyo|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|сүрэх|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|הערץ|nt}}, {{W-|yi|האַרץ|nt}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ọkàn}}
* {{Z|yur}}: {{W-|yur|chekws}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|καρδιά|m|sc=Grek}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|καρδία|m}}, {{W-|grc|κῆρ|nt}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|'arte|nt}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|sim}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|inhliziyo|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|ǀqʻàn}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-dil.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[ziman]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>003hxx15u33orinxk67alq36wxuuw5v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>maf</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6842</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290923</id>
      <parentid>6102161</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290923</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5236" sha1="j5ytwlbz9d867n4m151728o71tm0dsv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|maf}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|maf|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Tiştê ku [[qanûn]] yan jî [[prensîp]] [[rê]] didin ku bêt kirin.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|heq}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hilbijartin '''mafê''' her [[hevwelatî]] ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Azadî '''mafê''' gelê kurd e jî.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ماف}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|maf binpê kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|maf bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|maf hebûn
|maf standin
|maf xwarin
|maf dan
|mafbidestxistin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|mafbinpêkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|mafbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|mafhebûn
|mafstandin
|mafwergirtin
|mafxwarin
|mafdan
|bêmaf
|bêmafî
|bimaf
|bimafî
|mafdar
|mafdarî
|mafnas
|mafnasî
|mafperwer
|mafperwerî
|mafzan
|mafzanî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|erk}}
* {{g|ku|vatinî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bide ber {{ji|fa|ku|معاف|tr=mo'âf}} ji {{ji|ar|ku|مُعَافًى}}, {{ji|acm|ku|معفي|tr=ma'fi|w=[[miaf]], jêparastî, jê[[rizgar]]kirî, [[serbest]]}} têkilî {{q|ku|efû}}. {{cotreh|ku|miaf}}.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Chyet2020|cild=M-Z}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|drejtë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Recht|nt}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|ãndreptu}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|ихтияр}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|hüquq}}, {{W+|az|haqq}}, {{W+|az|ixtiyar}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|хоҡуҡ|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|ba|хаҡ|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пра́ва|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|হক}}, {{W+|bn|অধিকার}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|пра́во|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အခွင့်}}, {{W+|my|အခွင့်အရေး}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|бакъо}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|právo|nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|權利|tr=kyun4 lei6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|чүанли}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|權利|tr=khièn-li / khiàn-li}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|權利|tr=quánlì}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|權利|tr=guòng-lé}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|權利|tr=koân-lī / khoân-lī}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|權利}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ret}}, {{W-|da|rettighed}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|hak}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حَقّ|n}}, {{W+|ar|حُقُوق|n-p}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|حقّ|n|tr=ḥaʔʔ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|իրավունք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|rajto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|õigus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حق|tr=haqq}}, {{W+|fa|حقوق|p|tr=hoquq}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|oikeus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|droit|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|còir|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|dereito|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|უფლება}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|dwa}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|अधिकार|n}}, {{W-|hi|हक़|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|recht|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|זְכוּת|m|tr=zkhut}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|yuro}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|right}}, {{W+|en|entitlement}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|oikehus}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|derecto}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|ceart|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|recht|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|diritto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|réttindi|nt-p}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|権利|tr=けんり, kenri|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dret|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|укук}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|권리}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|dirittu}}, {{W-|co|drittu}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|iūs|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|tiesības|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ສິດທິ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|ихтияр}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|teisė|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|право|nt}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|അവകാശം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|hak}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|mōtika}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|jog}}, {{W+|hu|jogosultság}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|эрх}}
* {{Z|mos}}: {{W-|mos|dʋrwa}}, {{W-|mos|kõn-mongre}}, {{W-|mos|segdenga}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|अधिकार}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|drouait|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|rett|n}}, {{W-|nb|riktighet|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|rett|n}}, {{W-|nn|riktigheit|m}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|huquq}}, {{W+|uz|haq}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|derecho}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|prawo|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|direito|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|құқық}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲛ|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|dretg}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|drept|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пра́во|nt}}, {{W+|ru|права́|p}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|право|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|pravo|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|právo|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pravica|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|xaq}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|pšawo|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|derecho|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|haki}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rätt|g}}, {{W+|sv|rättighet|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ҳуқуқ}}, {{W-|tg|ҳақ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|karapatan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สิทธิ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|హక్కు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|хак}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|hak}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|حق|n|tr=haq}}, {{W-|ur|حقوق|p|tr=huqūq}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|пра́во|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|quyền lợi}}, {{W+|vi|quyền}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|hawl}}, {{W-|cy|rhaith}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សិទ្ធិ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|רעכט|nt}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|δικαίωμα|nt}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|genzli}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|right|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76269279}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{guharto|ku|mehf}}</text>
      <sha1>j5ytwlbz9d867n4m151728o71tm0dsv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>heq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6857</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290924</id>
      <parentid>6231379</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290924</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10497" sha1="7genwp1iekd8xllhuohxonm9fw465zs" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|ḧeq|heq}}, حەق، هەق
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-heq.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|heq|nêr}}
[[Wêne:US Department of Justice Scales Of Justice.svg|thumb|150px|[[terazû|Terazû]] [[sembol]]a [[navneteweyî]] ya heqî û [[wekhevî|wekheviyê]] ye.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|hiqûq}} Tişta/ê [[qanûn]]ên [[dewlet]]ekê yan jî [[rêbaz]]ên [[navneteweyî]] [[rê]] didin ku bêt kirin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|maf}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{f|ku|ekonomî|pere}} [[pare|Pareyê]] kesekê/î [[maf]] heye [[wergirtin|wergire]] ji ber ku [[xizmet]]ek ji kesekê/î re kiriye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|nirx|biha|qîmet|giranî|destheq|miz|mize|meaş}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Qelemê me bi du sê qetrey'ê zuhha dê çi kit&lt;/br&gt;Dê ji '''heq''' cazibeyek dil bigirit wer ne Mela&lt;/br&gt;Ji ezel ger tu hidayet nebit irşad-i çi kit}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حه‌ق}}, {{g|ku|sc=Arab|هه‌ق}}

==== Bikaranîn ====
Ji ber ku bi berfirehî tê zanîn ku &quot;heq&quot; ji erebî ye, gelek kes di kurdiya nivîskî de peyva &quot;maf&quot; tercîh dikin. Lê &quot;maf&quot; jî ji erebî ye, binêre {{q|ku|maf#Etîmolojî}}.

Bi kurdî dikare hem bi H-ya normal û hem jî bi [[ḧ]] ya wek &quot;heft, Hesen&quot; bê gotin ji ber ku ḧ bi gelemperî di kurmancî de [[alofon]] e, ne [[fonem]] e: hemû/ḧemû, hirç/ḧirç, hezar/ḧezar lê tenê &quot;[[heft|ḧeft]], [[henek|ḧenek]]&quot;.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêheq
|bêheqî
|biheq
|biheqî
|heqbidestxistî
|heqdar
|heqdarî
|heqdest
|heqdestî
|heqî
|heqker
|heqkerî
|heqkirî
|jiheqderketî
|jiheqderkev
|jiheqderkevî
|heqstîn
|heqstînî
|heqwergir
|heqwergirî
|heqxwarî
|heqxwer
|heqxwerî
|heq binpê kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heq bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heq dan
|heq hebûn
|heq kirin
|heq standin
|heq xwarin
|ji heq derketin
|heqbidestxistin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heqbinpêkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heqbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heqdan
|heqhebûn
|heqkirin
|jiheqderketin
|heqxwarin
|heqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|di heqê yekî de bûn&lt;pos:biwêj&gt;&lt;q:herêma Mêrdînê&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حَقّ}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|he|חוק|tr=ḧoq}}, {{hv|syc|ܚܘܩܐ|tr=ḥuqqā}} û {{hv|gez|ሕግ|tr=ḥəgg}}. Heman peyv wek {{g|ckb|حەق|tr=ḧeq}} ketiye soranî, wek {{g|fa|حق|tr=heq}} farisî, wek [[hak]] tirkî û ketiye piraniya zimanên din jî yên [[misilman]]an.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|maf}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|drejtë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Recht|nt}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|ãndreptu}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|ихтияр}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|hüquq}}, {{W+|az|haqq}}, {{W+|az|ixtiyar}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|хоҡуҡ|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|ba|хаҡ|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пра́ва|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|হক}}, {{W+|bn|অধিকার}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|пра́во|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အခွင့်}}, {{W+|my|အခွင့်အရေး}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|бакъо}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|právo|nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|權利|tr=kyun4 lei6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|чүанли}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|權利|tr=khièn-li / khiàn-li}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|權利|tr=quánlì}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|權利|tr=guòng-lé}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|權利|tr=koân-lī / khoân-lī}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|權利}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ret}}, {{W-|da|rettighed}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|hak}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حَقّ|n}}, {{W+|ar|حُقُوق|n-p}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|حقّ|n|tr=ḥaʔʔ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|իրավունք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|rajto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|õigus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حق|tr=haqq}}, {{W+|fa|حقوق|p|tr=hoquq}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|oikeus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|droit|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|còir|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|dereito|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|უფლება}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|dwa}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|अधिकार|n}}, {{W-|hi|हक़|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|recht|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|זְכוּת|m|tr=zkhut}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|yuro}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|right}}, {{W+|en|entitlement}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|oikehus}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|derecto}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|ceart|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|recht|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|diritto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|réttindi|nt-p}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|権利|tr=けんり, kenri|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dret|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|укук}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|권리}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|dirittu}}, {{W-|co|drittu}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|iūs|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|tiesības|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ສິດທິ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|ихтияр}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|teisė|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|право|nt}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|അവകാശം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|hak}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|mōtika}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|jog}}, {{W+|hu|jogosultság}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|эрх}}
* {{Z|mos}}: {{W-|mos|dʋrwa}}, {{W-|mos|kõn-mongre}}, {{W-|mos|segdenga}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|अधिकार}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|drouait|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|rett|n}}, {{W-|nb|riktighet|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|rett|n}}, {{W-|nn|riktigheit|m}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|huquq}}, {{W+|uz|haq}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|derecho}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|prawo|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|direito|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|құқық}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲛ|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|dretg}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|drept|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пра́во|nt}}, {{W+|ru|права́|p}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|право|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|pravo|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|právo|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pravica|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|xaq}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|pšawo|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|derecho|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|haki}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rätt|g}}, {{W+|sv|rättighet|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ҳуқуқ}}, {{W-|tg|ҳақ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|karapatan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สิทธิ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|హక్కు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|хак}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|hak}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|حق|n|tr=haq}}, {{W-|ur|حقوق|p|tr=huqūq}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|пра́во|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|quyền lợi}}, {{W+|vi|quyền}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|hawl}}, {{W-|cy|rhaith}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សិទ្ធិ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|רעכט|nt}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|δικαίωμα|nt}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|genzli}}

{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|right|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76269279}}

{{werger-ser|pareyê ku divê were dan}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|taksë|m}}, {{W+|sq|tarifë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gebühr|m}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|tasa}}, {{W-|eu|zerga}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ганара́р|n}}, {{W-|be|пла́та|m}}, {{W-|be|мы́та|m}}, {{W-|be|по́шліна|m}}, {{W+|be|збор|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|хонора́р|n}}, {{W+|bg|възнагражде́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|လာဘ်}}, {{W+|my|ကြေး}}, {{W+|my|လုပ်ခ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|poplatek|n}}, {{W-|cs|honorář|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|費|tr=fèi}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|gebyr|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|رَسْم|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|վարձ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|honorario}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دستمزد|tr=dastmozd}}, {{W+|fa|هزینه|tr=hazine}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|gjald|nt}}, {{W-|fo|avgjald|nt}}, {{W-|fo|ágáva|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|palkkio}}, {{W+|fi|maksu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|honoraires|p}}, {{W+|fr|tarif|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|tuarasdal|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|tarifa|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|საზღაური}}, {{W-|ka|გასამრჯელო}}, {{W-|ka|შესატანი}}, {{W-|ka|გადასახადი}}, {{W-|ka|ჰონორარი}}, {{W+|ka|ჯილდო}}, {{W-|ka|მოსაკრებელი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|शुल्क|n}}, {{W+|hi|वेतन|n}}, {{W-|hi|फ़ीस|m-p}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|prijs|n}}, {{W+|nl|honorarium|nt}}, {{W+|nl|heffing|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fee}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|táille|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tassa|m}}, {{W+|it|tariffa|m}}, {{W+|it|quota|m}}, {{W+|it|onorario|n}}, {{W+|it|emolumento|n}}, {{W+|it|retta|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|gjald|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|料金|tr=りょうきん, ryōkin}}, {{W+|ja|費|tr=ひ, hi}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|akiliut}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|요금}}, {{W+|ko|료금}}, {{W+|ko|비}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|feudum|nt}}, {{W-|la|honōrārium|nt}}, {{W-|la|mercēs|m}}, {{W-|la|pretium|nt}}, {{W-|la|salārium|nt}}, {{W-|la|stīpendium|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|maksa|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຣຶຊາ}}, {{W-|lo|ອາກອນ}}, {{W+|lo|ພາສີ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|rinkliava|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|хонора́р|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|díj}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хураамж}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|avgift|n}}, {{W-|nb|gebyr|nt}}, {{W+|nb|honorar|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|honorar|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|opłata|m}}, {{W+|pl|honorarium|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|taxa|m}}, {{W+|pt|honorário}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|taxă|m}}, {{W+|ro|tarif|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|гонора́р|n}}, {{W+|ru|по́шлина|m}}, {{W+|ru|взнос|n}}, {{W+|ru|пла́та|m}}, {{W+|ru|сбор|n}}, {{W+|ru|вознагражде́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|máksu}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|poplatok|n}}, {{W-|sk|honorár|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|honorario|n}}, {{W+|es|tarifa|m}}, {{W+|es|cuota|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|karo}}, {{W+|sw|ada}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|avgift|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ҳаққи}}, {{W-|tg|дастмузд}}, {{W-|tg|ҳазина}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ฤชา}}, {{W+|th|ค่า}}, {{W+|th|ภาษี}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|ఫీజు|sc=Telu}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|harç}}, {{W+|tr|ücret}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|гонора́р|n}}, {{W-|uk|пла́та|m}}, {{W+|uk|вне́сок|n}}, {{W-|uk|ми́то|nt}}, {{W-|uk|збір|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|phí}}, {{W+|vi|lệ phí}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ឈ្នួល}}, {{W+|km|អាករ}}, {{W+|km|ពន្ធ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αμοιβή|m}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|μίσθωμα|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|fee|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76234572}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê [[maf]] anku [[heq]] heye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|mafdar}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hûn '''heq''' in giliyan li kêmasiyên me bikin.}}
# [[rast]], [[dirist]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7genwp1iekd8xllhuohxonm9fw465zs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>belê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6880</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290925</id>
      <parentid>6253622</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290925</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10181" sha1="b308540yrfg7tqyahtbp0ulvtjz05l5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|&quot;belê}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-belê.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[erê]], [[wa]] ye, [[wisan]] e, [[rast]] e
#: {{nm|ku|- Navê te Azad e? &lt;br&gt;- '''Belê''', navê min Azad e.}}
# ''[[peyv]]ek [[şîrîn]] e li şûna'' [[çi]]? (min nebihîst)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌لێ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ba}} {{mj|2}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|erê
|a
|e
}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|na
|ne
|no
|nexêr
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|bila}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|belê kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|belêkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|belam
|belim
|lebê
|lêbelê
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreh bi {{hv|ckb|بەڵێ}}, {{hv|fa|بله}}, ji {{deyn|ar|ku|بَلَى}}. Bo guherra dengan bide ber {{q|ku|lêkin}} û {{hv|fa-cls|لیکِن}}, ji {{q|ar|لَٰكِن}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ааи}}, {{W-|ab|аиеи}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|ja}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|po}}
* {{Z|ale}}: {{W-|ale|aang}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ja}}
*: {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|jo}}
*: {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|ja}}
* {{Z|ems}}: {{W-|ems|aa'a}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|አዎን}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|au}}, {{W-|apw|haʼah}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|sí}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|arc|אין|tr=’ēn}}
*: Siryanî: {{W-|arc|ܐܝܢ|tr=’ēn}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|ie}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|অঁ}}, {{W-|as|হয়}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|sí}}
* {{Z|ay}}: {{W+|ay|jisa}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|bəli}}, {{W+|az|hə}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|bai}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|эйе}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|так}}, {{W-|be|да}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|জি}}, {{W+|bn|হ্যাঁ}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|iyo}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|ya}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|да}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဟုတ်ကဲ့}}, {{W+|my|အင်း}}, {{W+|my|အေး}}
* {{Z|bsk}}: {{W-|bsk|awá}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|eje}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|хӏаъ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|ano}}, {{W+|cs|jo}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎥᎥ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|inde}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|i̠i}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|係|tr=hai6}}, {{W-|yue|唔|tr=m4}}, {{W-|yue|嗯|tr=ng2}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|是|tr=shì}}, {{W+|cmn|對|tr=duì}}, {{W+|cmn|啊|tr=à}}, (repeating the verb/attribute used in the question to mean &quot;yes&quot; 你'''知道'''吗？ '''知道''')
* {{Z|cho}}: {{W-|cho|ome}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ja}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|ya}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|نَعَم}}, {{W+|ar|أَجَل}}, {{W+|ar|إِي}}
*: {{Z|arq}}: {{W-|arq|ايه}}, {{W-|arq|هيه}}, {{W-|arq|واه}}
*: {{Z|acy}}: {{W-|acy|ye}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|أَيْوَة|tr=áywa}}, {{W-|arz|ايوه|tr=áywa}}, {{W-|arz|اه|tr=ā}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|إيوه|tr=īwa}}, {{W-|acw|نَعَم|tr=naʕam}}
*: {{Z|apc}}: {{W-|apc|اِيه|tr=ē}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|آه|tr=ʔā}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|այո}}, {{W+|hy|հա}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|jes}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|jah}}, {{W+|et|jaa}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بله|tr=bale}}, {{W+|fa|آره|tr=âre}}, {{W+|fa|آری|tr=âri}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|ja}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W+|fj|io}}
* Finnish: - use the verb}}, {{W+|fi|kyllä}}, {{W+|fi|joo}}, {{W+|fi|juu}}
* {{Z|frp}}: {{W-|frp|ouè}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|oïl}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|oui}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|sì}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|jåå}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|jee}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|ja}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|si}}
* {{Z|grt}}: {{W-|grt|hoe}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|હા}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|დიახ}}, {{W-|ka|კი}}, {{W-|ka|ჰო}}, {{W-|ka|ხო}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|heẽ}}
* {{Z|hur}}: {{W-|hur|á:'a}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|हाँ}}, {{W+|hi|जी}}, {{W-|hi|जी हाँ}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|hoo}}
* {{Z|meu}}: {{W-|meu|e}}, {{W-|meu|o}}, {{W-|meu|oi}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|ja}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|כֵּן|tr=ken}}, {{W+|he|הֵן|tr=hen}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|yes}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|wen}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ġēa}}, {{W-|ang|ġīese}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|yes}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|si}}
* Irish:
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sì}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|já}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|はい|tr=hai}}, {{W+|ja|ええ|tr=ē}}, {{W+|ja|うん|tr=un}}
* {{Z|jje}}: {{W-|jje|ᄋᆞ}}, {{W-|jje|예}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|ih}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|aap}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಹೌದು}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|wa}}, {{W-|pam|ne}}, {{W-|pam|o}}, {{W-|pam|opu}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|sí}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|hÿ}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|ari}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ооба}}, {{W+|ky|макул}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|ඔවු}}
* {{Z|com}}: {{W-|com|haa}}
* {{Z|okm}}: {{W-|okm|에ᇰ}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|네}}, {{W+|ko|예}}, {{W+|ko|응}}, {{W+|ko|어}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|iè}}, {{W-|co|sì}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|nui}}, {{W-|ltg|tai}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|etiam}}, {{W+|la|ita}} ({{m|la|est}}), {{W-|la|ita vērō}}, {{W+|la|vērō}}, {{W-|la|sīc}} ({{m|la|est}})
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|jā}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ແມ່ນ}}, {{W-|lo|ແມ່ນແລ້ວ}}, {{W-|lo|ໂດຍ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|ho}}, {{W-|lzz|xo}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W+|li|jao}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|taip}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|si}}, {{W-|lmo|haé}}
* {{Z|lg}}: {{W-|lg|yee}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|jo}}
* {{Z|luo}}: {{W-|luo|ee}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|да}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|eny}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ശരി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|ya}}, {{W-|ms|ha'ah}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|iva}}
* {{Z|mnk}}: {{W-|mnk|haa}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|she}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|āe}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|igen}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|იახ}}, {{W-|xmf|ქო}}
* {{Z|miq}}: {{W-|miq|au}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|tjw|h=ti-W-A2}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|тийм}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|quemah}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|eine}}, {{W-|nap|sine}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|aooʼ|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|सही}}, {{W+|ne|जी}}, {{W-|ne|हाँ}}
* {{Z|nuk}}: {{W-|nuk|haa}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ja}}
* {{Z|cst}}: {{W-|cst|hé̄'e}}
* {{Z|css}}: {{W-|css|gehe}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|òc}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ହଁ}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|о}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ھەئە|sc=ug-Arab}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|ha}}, {{W+|uz|boʻpti}}
* {{Z|pau}}: {{W-|pau|chochoi}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|هو|tr=ho}}
* {{Z|pcd}}: {{W-|pcd|oui}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|jo}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|tak}}, {{W+|pl|no}}, {{W+|pl|ano}}, {{W-|pl|juści}}, {{W+|pl|jo}}, {{W+|pl|ja}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sim}}
* Punjabi:
*: Gurmuxî: {{W-|pa|ਹਾਂ}},
*: Şahmuxî: {{W-|pa|ہاں}}, {{W-|pa|جِی}}, {{W-|pa|ہاں جِی}}, {{W-|pa|جْیا}}, {{W-|pa|آہو}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|иә}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲁϩⲁ}}, {{W-|cop|ⲥⲉ}}
* {{Z|mwr}}: {{W-|mwr|हां|tr=hā̃}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|eee}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|gea}}, {{W-|rm|gie}}, {{W-|rm|ea}}, {{W-|rm|schi}}, {{W-|rm|hei}}, {{W-|rm|hai}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|va}}, {{W-|rom|ova}}, {{W-|rom|oja}}, {{W-|rom|ja}}, {{W-|rom|tam}}, {{W-|rom|tàmi}}
*: {{Z|rmy}}: {{W-|rmy|ya}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|da}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|да}}, {{W+|ru|так}}, {{W+|ru|ага́|tr=ahá, agá}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|айно}}, {{W-|rue|так}}, {{W-|rue|йо}}
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|ja}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|juo}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|ioe}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|एवं}}, {{W+|sa|आम्}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|eja}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W-|scn|se}}, {{W+|scn|sì}}
* {{Z|skd}}: {{W-|skd|hy·ʔy·}}
* {{Z|csm}}: {{W-|csm|guˀuh|n-p}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|ja}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|да}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|da}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠅꠄ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|aye}}
* Scottish Gaelic: ; {{W-|gd|seadh}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|ⰵⰹ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|áno}}, {{W-|sk|hej}}, {{W+|sk|no}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|dà}}, {{W+|sl|já}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|haa}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|jo}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sí}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ა̄დუ}}, {{W-|sva|ა̄დვ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ndiyo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ja}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|эзе|tr=eze}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ҳа}}, {{W+|tg|бале}}, {{W-|tg|ори}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|oo}}, {{W+|tl|opo}}
* {{Z|tnq}}: {{W-|tnq|han}}, {{W-|tnq|jan}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|ஆம்}}, {{W+|ta|ஆமாம்}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|hą}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ใช่}}, {{W+|th|ครับ}}, {{W+|th|ค่ะ}}, {{W+|th|ถูก}}, {{W+|th|ถูกต้อง}}, {{W+|th|อืม}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|అవును}}, {{W+|te|ఔను}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⵢⴰⵀ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|әйе}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|evet}}, {{W+|tr|he}}, {{W+|tr|ha}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|hawa}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|ya}}, {{W-|tpi|yes}}, {{W-|tpi|yesa}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|io}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|ийе}}
* {{Z|tpw}}: {{W-|tpw|pa}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|ہاں|tr=hā̃}}, {{W-|ur|جی|tr=jī}}, {{W-|ur|جی ہاں|tr=jī hā̃}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|так}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|vâng}}, {{W+|vi|dạ}}, {{W+|vi|có}}, {{W+|vi|phải}}, {{W+|vi|được}}, {{W+|vi|rồi}}, {{W+|vi|ờ}}, {{W+|vi|ừ}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|si}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|oyi}}, {{W+|wa|awè}}, {{W+|wa|åy}}
* Welsh: ; {{W-|cy|ie}}, {{W-|cy|ia}}
* {{Z|wrh}}: {{W-|wrh|ngawa}}
* {{Z|win}}: {{W-|win|hąąhąʼa}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W+|wo|waaw}}, {{W-|wo|waawaaw}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ច៎ា|tr=jaa}}, {{W+|km|បាទ|tr=baat}}, {{W+|km|អើ|tr=’aə}}, {{W+|km|អឺ|tr=’əɨ}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|ewe}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|ҳа}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|יאָ}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|bẹ́ẹ̀ ni}}, {{W-|yo|bẹ́ẹ̀ náà ni}}, {{W-|yo|hẹn (informal)}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|ii-i}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ναι}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ναί}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|S@Side Nod}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|yebo}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|ʻée}}, {{W-|nmn|ʻíi}}, {{W-|nmn|ʻē êh}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|yes|oldid=75638336|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[lê]], [[lêbelê]], [[ema]], [[feqet]], [[lakin]], [[welê]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|but}}, {{W+|en|however}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|zza}}
# [[belê]], [[herê]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>b308540yrfg7tqyahtbp0ulvtjz05l5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6891</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290926</id>
      <parentid>6099581</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290926</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5694" sha1="eaagmewvxvv5ycrzexzpwvu73z39dky" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|&quot;berê}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-berê.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[dem|Dem]]ek [[dirêj]] [[berî]] [[niha]].
#: {{nm|ku|Zemanê '''berê'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Berê''' tirimpêl û kompûter tine bûn.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Tête heşrê ew digel xelqê '''berê'''&lt;/br&gt;Ye'nî ba Pêxamberanî enwerê}}

==== Têkildar ====
* [[berî]]
* [[ber]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{heve|ku|ber|-ê|w1=pêş}} (5). Bide ber {{q|ku|paşê}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|ji berê ve|ji berê were}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|früher}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|веднъж}}, {{W+|bg|някога}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kdysi}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|曾經|tr=céngjīng}}, {{W+|cmn|以前|tr=yǐqián}}, {{W+|cmn|有一次|tr=yǒu yī cì}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|engang}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|iama}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kerran}}, {{W+|fi|ennen}}, {{W+|fi|ennen vanhaan}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|une fois}}, {{W+|fr|autrefois}}, {{W+|fr|jadis}}, {{W+|fr|un temps}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|uaireigin}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|outrora}}, {{W-|gl|unha vez}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|eens}}, {{W+|nl|ooit}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ǣne}}, {{W-|ang|ǣr}}, {{W-|ang|hwīlum}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|enes}}, {{W-|enm|ones}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|formerly}}, {{W+|en|once}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|un tempo}}, {{W-|it|una volta}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|einu sinni}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|以前|tr=いぜん, izen}}, {{W+|ja|かつて|tr=katsute}}, {{W-|ja|一時期|tr=ichijiki}}, {{W+|ja|一時|tr=ichiji}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|quondam}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|dahulu}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|egyszer}}, {{W+|hu|valaha}}, {{W+|hu|egykor}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|en gang}}, {{W-|nb|på et tidspunkt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|eingong}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W-|oc|autres còps}}, {{W+|oc|un còp èra}}, {{W-|oc|autretemps}}, {{W-|oc|de temps passat}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wcześniej}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|outrora}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|odată}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|когда́-то}}, {{W+|ru|ра́ньше}}, {{W+|ru|ра́нее}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|सकृत्}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|не̏када|sc=Cyrl}}, {{l|sh|не̏кад}} {{l|sh|при̏је}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|nȅkada}}, {{l|sh|nȅkad}} {{l|sh|prȉje}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|kedysi}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|nekóč}}, {{W+|sl|enkràt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|antiguamente}}, {{W+|es|anteriormente}}, {{W+|es|otrora}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tidigare}}, {{W+|sv|förut}}, {{W-|sv|en gång}}, {{W-|sv|för ut}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|коли́сь}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|từng}}, {{W-|vi|đã từng}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|άλλοτε}}, {{W+|el|παλιά}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πρίν}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|once|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75944652}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berê}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ya/yê pêşiya yan jî [[berî]] ya/yê [[niha]].
#: {{nm|ku|Serokê '''berê''' yê Iraqê Sedam Hisên.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|vorhergehend}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|previu}}, {{W-|ast|anterior}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ötən}}, {{W-|az|keçən}}, {{W+|az|keçmiş}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|міну́лы}}, {{W-|be|папярэ́дні}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|সাবেক}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|предишен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အလျင်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|předchozí|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|foregående}}, {{W+|da|forrige}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|سَابِق}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|قبل|tr=ʔabl|sc=Arab}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|նախորդ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|antaŭa}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پیشین|tr=pišin}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|edellinen}}, {{W+|fi|aikaisempi}}, {{W+|fi|aiempi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|préalable}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|previo}}, {{W+|gl|anterior}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍃}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पिछला|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vorig}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|קוֹדֵם|n|tr=qodém}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|antea}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|forestapol}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|former}}, {{W+|en|previous}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|previo}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|前|tr=まえの, mae no|cuda=前の|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|前|tr=ゼン, zen-}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|이전|cuda=이전의}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|prior}}, {{W+|la|antiquus}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ກ່ອນ}}, {{W-|lo|ບຸບເພ}}, {{W+|lo|ກີ້}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ankstesnis}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tōmua}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|előző}}, {{W+|hu|megelőző}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|forrige}}, {{W-|no|foregående}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|førre}}, {{W-|nn|føregåande}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|anterior}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|poprzedni}}, {{W+|pl|ubiegły}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|prévio}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|предыду́щий}}, {{W+|ru|про́шлый}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|previo}}, {{W+|es|anterior}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|förra}}, {{W+|sv|föregående}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ก่อนหน้านี้}}, {{W+|th|ก่อน}}, {{W-|th|ที่แล้ว}}, {{W+|th|เก่า}}, {{W+|th|เดิม}}, {{W+|th|กี้}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|önceki}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སྔོན་མ}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|پچھلا|tr=pichlā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|попере́дній}}, {{W+|uk|мину́лий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|qua}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|blaenorol}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|មុន}}, {{W+|km|បុព្វេ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|προηγούμενος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|previous|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75881529}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{navdêr|ku|form=erê}}
# ''Formeke'' [[ber]].</text>
      <sha1>eaagmewvxvv5ycrzexzpwvu73z39dky</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>temam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6892</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290927</id>
      <parentid>6242516</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290927</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2353" sha1="soa4706q9s2hfvrcjwcasl8exc9pi4w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[tev|Tev]], [[hemû]], [[giş]], [[lap]].
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Dinya '''temam''' xulamê min in, tenê xulamê min in.|nivîskar=Têmûrê Xelîl Mûradov|sernav=Nezerê Mêrxas|sal=1937|rûpel=}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[kamil|Kamil]], [[bêkêmasî]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[dawî|Dawî]], [[dûmahî]], [[talî]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bila|Bila]], [[baş]] e, [[dibe]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[mirî|Mirî]], [[jiyanjidestdayî]], [[wefatkirî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Birîndar bû lê li nexweşxaneyê '''temam''' bû.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Her kesê hazir bike ew yek te'am&lt;/br&gt;Ba buxur û şerbet û qedrek '''temam'''}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|timam
|tevav
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|temam bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|temam kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|temambûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|temamkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|temambûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|temamkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bertemam
|bertemamî
|temamî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|تَمَام}} (?).

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|einverstanden}}, {{W+|de|formvollendet}}, {{W-|de|in Ordnung}}, {{W+|de|perfekt}}, {{W+|de|vollständig}}, {{W+|de|ergänzend|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|gesamt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حسنا|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|حسناً|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|قمیط|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|کامل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تمام}}, {{W+|fa|ضمائم}}, {{W+|fa|همه}}, {{W+|fa|کامل}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kokonainen}}, {{W+|fi|kokonaan}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|complete}}, {{W+|en|entire}}, {{W+|en|whole}}, {{W+|en|full}}, [[exact]]; [[utterly]], {{W+|en|completely}}, {{W+|en|wholly}}, {{W+|en|all right}}, {{W+|en|downright}}, {{W+|en|just}}, {{W+|en|okay}}, {{W+|en|total}}, {{W+|en|utter}}, {{W-|en|and-through|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|bob's your uncle|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|crass|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fulgurous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|integral|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|perfect|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|plenary|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|plumb|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|the bone|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kamil}}, {{W+|tr|tamam}}, {{W+|tr|tam}}, {{W+|tr|oldu}}, {{W+|tr|peki}}, {{W+|tr|pek ala}}, {{W+|tr|erişkin|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>soa4706q9s2hfvrcjwcasl8exc9pi4w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>selmandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6900</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290928</id>
      <parentid>6290593</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290928</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1696" sha1="2o15ytz2iyi6mvtgqwqdeufnkny8wgn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|selmandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=selmîn|borî=selmand}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[peyitandin|Peyitandin]], [[çespandin]], [[aşkartin]], [[îcre]] kirin, [[îzbat]] kirin, [[nîşan]](a tiştekê/î) bûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Dîrokê '''selmandiye''' ku ger kurd bo mafên xwe nexebitin, ti kes nayê û mafên wan nadiyê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Biserketina me '''selmandina''' hêza me ya xurt e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سه‌لماندن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|selimandin}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|peyitandin}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|selmîn}}

==== Tewîn ====
''Lêker'':
:-selmîn-

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|selmandî
|selmîner
|selmînerî
|diyar kirin
|derêxistin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|سلم|tr=seleme}} + ji {{paş|ku|-andin}}, [[hevreh]]a ''[[selîm]], [[silamet]], [[Salim]], [[Selma]]''...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|beweisen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|festsetzen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الإثبات|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السلطان|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|prove}}, to {{W+|en|justify}}, {{W+|en|predicate}}, {{W+|en|pronunciatory}}, {{W+|en|predication|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ispat etmek}}, {{W+|tr|ispatlama}}, {{W-|tr|ispatlatmak}}, {{W+|tr|ispatlayış}}, {{W+|tr|saptama}}, {{W+|tr|saptamak}}, {{W+|tr|saptayış}}, {{W+|tr|tanıtlama}}, {{W+|tr|tanıtlamak}}, {{W+|tr|tanıtlayış}}, {{W+|tr|tespit etmek}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|selmandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2o15ytz2iyi6mvtgqwqdeufnkny8wgn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mijûl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7020</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290929</id>
      <parentid>6262510</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290929</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1537" sha1="3hy8xhp93ccq0j6wy21rqp2lccsfqml" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|mijûl}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê tiştekî dike û [[lewre]] [[karîn|nikare]] tiştek din bike.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|xerîk|meşxul|karîwer|ne betal|bişol}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez dê biçûma Kurdistanê lê bi karê xwe ve '''mijûl''' im.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مژوول}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mijîl
|mijul
|mujûl
|mujîl
|mujul
|mijwîl
|mujwîl
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|gîro}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mijûl bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mijûl kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mijûlbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mijûlkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mijûlbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mijûlkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mijûlahî
|mijûlatî
|mijûlayî
|mijûlî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji ''[[meşxul]]'' ji {{ji|ar|ku|مشغول|cuda=مَشْغُول}} ji {{g|ar|شغل|cuda=شُغْل}} ku wek ''[[şuxl]]'' û ''[[şol]]'' ketiye kurdî jî.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|beschäftigt}}, {{W|de|begriffen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|genutzt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مشغول|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|سامد|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مشغول}}, {{W+|fa|اشغال}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|varattu}}, {{W+|fi|kiireinen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|engaged}}, {{W+|en|busy}}, {{W+|en|occupied}}, {{W+|en|engrossed}}, {{W+|en|at work|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|preoccupied|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|up to the elbows in|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meşgul}}, {{W+|tr|dolu yağmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3hy8xhp93ccq0j6wy21rqp2lccsfqml</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>wate</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7035</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290930</id>
      <parentid>6253275</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290930</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6474" sha1="rdo8tus11uyxzkvwn2zp92f2jqsjltr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|wate|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[gotin|Gotin]]ên [[diyar]] dikin ka [[peyv]]ek yan tiştek çi ye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|mane}}
#: {{nm|ku|–'''Wateya''' peyva &quot;baran&quot; çi ye?&lt;br&gt;– Ava ji ewran tê ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|–'''Wateya''' wê çi ye ku ew dibêjin ew aciz bûne? &lt;br&gt;– Ew e ku ew ne razî ne.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=-Zîn: (...)dema ku bixwaze '''wataya''' wê şora nenas ji ferhengê derîne û bizane?&lt;br&gt;-Apo: Gava rêzimana kurdî bixwîne wê bizane.|r=43|sernav=Hevpeyvînek bi Osman Sebrî re|nivîskar=Zîn û Amed|sal=1987|kovar=Hêvî|hj=6}}
#* {{ferhenga izolî|r=15|jêgirtin=Ger hon '''wateyi''' rêzmani ya van kurtenıvisan{{sic}} nızanın dıkarın hım lı ferhengê an hım ji lı beşi rêzmanê bınıhêrın.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=Rêzkirina çend peyvan jî, hevokek xwedî '''wate''' çêdikin|nivîskar=Selîm Biçûk|sernav=Rêzimana Kurdî (Kurmancî)|weşanxane=Weşanên Înstîtûta Kurdî|sal=1997|rûpel=11}}

==== Bikaranîn ====
Li gorî Ergün (2021) wekî soranî di kurmancî de jî divê &quot;wate&quot; bi manaya &quot;yanî&quot;, &quot;wata&quot; jî ji bo &quot;mana&quot; were emilandin.{{eref|nav=Ergun2021}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|wata}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêwate
|watebar
|watedar
|watedar kirin
|watedarî
|watenas
|watenasî
|watetî
|wateyî
|watezan
|watezanî
|watin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deynkirî ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|واتا|t=yanî; mana}} {{neo|ku|hûr=1}}eke salên 1940î ji {{ji|hac|ku|watey|t=gotin|sc=Latn}}, bide ber {{hv|zza|vate}}.{{eref|nav=Ergun2021|{{kovar|kovar=Nûbihar Akademî|nivîskar=Zülküf Ergün|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/nubihar/issue/65156/954951|sernav=Çend Kêşeyên Veguhestinê ji Kurdîya Soranî bo Kurdîya Kurmancî|cild=4|hejmar=15|sal=2021|r=19-21}}}} Belkî {{yekser|tr|ku|demek|t=gotin, dêmek, yanî|hûr=1}} bide ber {{q|tr|[[ne]] [[demek]]|t=maneya wê çi ye?}}. Di kurmancî de heta salên 90î kêm caran hatiye emilandin (binêre nimûneyên li jor).

{{çavkanî-etîm}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|mane, me'na, raman}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|kuptim|n}}, {{W+|sq|domethënie|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Bedeutung|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|məna}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|мәғәнә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|значэ́нне|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|অর্থ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|значе́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W-|my|အဓိပ္ပါယ်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|význam|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|意義|tr=yìyì}}, {{W-|cmn|含義|tr=hányì}}, {{W+|cmn|意思|tr=yìsi}}, {{W+|cmn|意味|tr=yìwèi}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|betydning|g}}, {{W-|da|mening|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|arti}}, ​ {{W+|id|makna}}, ​ {{W+|id|maksud}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مَعْنًى|n}}, {{W+|ar|معنى|n|cuda=الْمَعْنَى}}
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|معنى|n|tr=maʕna}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|իմաստ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|signifo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|tähendus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|معنی|tr=ma'ni}}, {{W+|fa|مطلب|tr=matlab}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|merkitys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|signification|m}}, {{W+|fr|sens|n}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|betsjutting|g}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|significado|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|અર્થ}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მნიშვნელობა}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|manaʻo}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|ma'ana}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|मतलब|n}}, {{W+|hi|अर्थ|n}}, {{W-|hi|मअनी|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|waarde|m}}, {{W+|nl|betekenis|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מַשְׁמָעוּת|m|tr=mashma'út}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|andgiet|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|meaning}}, {{W+|en|sense}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|significato|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|merking|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|意義|tr=いぎ, igi}}, {{W+|ja|意味|tr=いみ, imi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|significat|n}}, {{W-|ca|significació|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|маани}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|뜻}}, {{W+|ko|의미}}, {{W+|ko|의의}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|jēga|m}}, {{W-|lv|nozīme|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຄວາມຫມາຽ}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W+|li|beteikenis|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|prasmė|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|значење|nt}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|അർത്ഥം}}, {{W+|ml|സാരം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|makna}}, {{W-|ms|erti}}, {{W+|ms|maksud}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|jelentés}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|утга}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠤᠳᠬ ᠠ}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|mening|n|m}}, {{W+|nb|betydning|n|m}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|مەنە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maʼno}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|معنى|m|tr=ma'nã}}, {{W-|ps|معنا|m|tr=ma'nã}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|znaczenie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|significado|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|мағына}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|semnificație|m}}, {{W+|ro|sens|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|значе́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अर्थ}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|зна́че̄ње|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|znáčēnje|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|meanin}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|význam|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pomen|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sentido|n}}, {{W+|es|significado|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maana}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mening|g}}, {{W+|sv|betydelse|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|маънӣ}}, {{W+|tg|маъно}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ความหมาย}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|mana}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|мәгънә}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|anlam}}, {{W+|tr|mana}}, {{W+|tr|kasıt}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|many}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|ārth}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|معنی|m|tr=ma'nī}}, {{W-|ur|ارتھ|n|tr=arth}}, {{W-|ur|مطلب|n|tr=matlab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|зна́чення|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|nghĩa}}, {{W+|vi|ý nghĩa}}, {{W+|vi|ý vị}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ystyr|n|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សំនួន|tr=sɑmnuən}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|טײַטש|n|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σημασία|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|meaning|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75571297}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# {{e|ku|gelek|nadir}} [[anku]], [[yanî]],  [[dêmek]], [[bi gotineke din]]
#: {{nm|ku|Amed '''wate''' Diyarbekir.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez naçim '''wate''' ez dê li vir bimînim.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|wata}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|anku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|anku}}

== {{ziman|txb}} ==

=== Hejmar ===
{{hejmar|txb}}
# {{g|ku|duyem}}, {{g|ku|duwemîn}}, {{g|ku|duwem}}, {{g|ku|duwemîn}}
#* {{bêmînak|txb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|txb|duyem}}</text>
      <sha1>rdo8tus11uyxzkvwn2zp92f2jqsjltr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fîlm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7066</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290931</id>
      <parentid>6254805</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290931</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9114" sha1="t7tndbxvmvb63ukcc9kcsmpa0qq4atm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fîlm|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|sînema}} [[bername|Bernameyên]] [[televizyon]]ê yên [[aşopî]] anku [[xeyalî]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[wêne]], [[resim]], [[fotograf]]&lt;br&gt; (bi taybetî wek [[negatîv]] anku dema hê di [[kamera]]yê de ne yan jî hê nehatine [[şûştin]])
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[wêne]]yên [[livok]], &lt;br&gt;wêneyên wisan li [[dû]] hev [[livîn|dilivin]] ku mîna [[rast]] bin [[xuyîn|dixuyin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Kesê yan tiştê xelk pê [[kenîn|dikene]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|pêkenok}}
#: {{nm|ku|Te bi van gotin û kirinên xwe em kirin '''fîlm''' û sînema!}}
# Tiştê ku [[ji qesta]] çêkirî daku yekî pê bixapînin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|hîle|xapandin|fêlbazî|nerastî}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|filim
|film
|fîlim
|fîlîm
|flîm
|flim
|filîm
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fîlm [[girtin]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fîlm [[kişandin]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fîlmgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fîlmkêşan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dirêjefîlm
|fîlmandin
|fîlmgir
|fîlmgirî
|fîlmkêş
|fîlmkêşî
|fîlmok
|fîlmokî
|fîlmvan
|fîlmvanî
|kurtefîlm
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|en|ku|film}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|fliek}}, {{W+|af|rolprent}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|film|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Film|n}}, {{W+|de|Spielfilm|n}}
* {{Z|abs}}: {{W-|abs|film}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ፊልም}}, {{W-|am|ተላዋሽ}}, {{W-|am|ሲኒማ}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|চলচ্চিত্ৰ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|película|m}}, {{W-|ast|filme|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|film}}, {{W+|az|kino}}, {{W-|az|kinofilm}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|pelikula}}, {{W+|eu|filma}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|Fülm}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|фільм|n}}, {{W+|be|кіно́|nt}}, {{W-|be|кінафі́льм|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|মুভি}}, {{W+|bn|মুভী}}, {{W+|bn|ফিল্ম}}, {{W+|bn|সিনেমা}}, {{W+|bn|চলচ্চিত্র}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|film|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|филм|n}}, {{W+|bg|ки́но|nt}}, {{W-|bg|ки́нофи́лм|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဇာတ်ကား}}, {{W+|my|ဘိုင်စကုတ်}}, {{W+|my|ရုပ်ရှင်}}
* {{Z|pcc}}: {{W-|pcc|dianqyinj}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|film|n}}, {{W+|cs|kino|nt}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎶᏗ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|電影}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|дянйин}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|電影}}
*: {{Z|gan}}: {{W-|gan|電影}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|電影|tr=thien-yáng}}
*: {{Z|cjy}}: {{W-|cjy|電影}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|電影}}, {{W+|cmn|影片|tr=yǐngpiàn}}
*: {{Z|mnp}}: {{W-|mnp|電影}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|電影}}
*: {{Z|hsn}}: {{W-|hsn|電影戲}}, {{W-|hsn|電影}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|film|g}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|film|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|film}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|فِلْم|n}}, {{W-|ar|شَرِيط|n}}, {{W-|ar|[[فِيلْم]] [[سِينَمَائِيّ]]|n}}, {{W-|ar|تَصْوِير مُتَحَرِّك|p}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|فيلم|n|tr=felm}}
*: {{Z|apc}}: {{W-|apc|فيلم|tr=fīlm}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ֆիլմ}}, {{W+|hy|կինոնկար}}, {{W+|hy|կինո}}, {{W+|hy|կինոֆիլմ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|эрянеявкс}}, {{W-|myv|эрямарт}}, {{W-|myv|фильма}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|filmo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|film}}, {{W-|et|kinofilm}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|filmur|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|elokuva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|film|n}}, {{W+|fr|œuvre cinématographique|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|film|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|filme|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|ચિત્રપટ}}, {{W-|gu|ચલચિત્ર}}, {{W-|gu|ફિલ્મ}}, {{W-|gu|સિનેમા}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ფილმი}}, {{W-|ka|კინოფილმი}}, {{W-|ka|კინოსურათი}}, {{W-|ka|კინო}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|fim}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W-|ha|sinima}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पिक्चर|m}}, {{W+|hi|फ़िल्म|m}}, {{W-|hi|मूवी|m}}, {{W+|hi|सिनेमा|n}}, {{W+|hi|चलचित्र|n}}, {{W+|hi|चित्रपट|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|pelikula}}, {{W-|hil|sine}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|film|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|סֶרֶט|n|tr=séret}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|filmo}}, {{W+|io|cinematografuro}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|pelikula}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|film}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|kino}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|scannán|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|film|n}}, {{W+|it|pellicola|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|bíómynd|m}}, {{W+|is|mynd|m}}, {{W+|is|kvikmynd|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|映画|tr=えいが, eiga}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|filmi}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W-|kn|ಸಿನಮಾ}}, {{W+|kn|ಓಡುತಿಟ್ಟ}}, {{W-|kn|ಚಲಚಿತ್ರ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|pel·lícula|m}}, {{W+|ca|film|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|фильм}}, {{W+|ky|кино}}, {{W+|ky|тасма}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|영화}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|filmo}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|pictura cinematographica|m}}, {{W+|la|pellicula|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|filma|m}}, {{W-|lv|kinofilma|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຟີມ}}, {{W-|lo|ໜັງ}}, {{W-|lo|ຊິເນມາ}}, {{W-|lo|ຮູບເງົາ}}, {{W-|lo|ພາບພະຍົນ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|filmas|n}}, {{W+|lt|kinas|n}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|film|n}}, {{W-|lmo|pellícola|m}} 
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦶᦎᧃᧈᦍᦲᧃ}}, {{W-|khb|ᦐᧂ}} 
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|филм|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ചലച്ചിത്രം}}, {{W+|ml|സിനിമ}}, {{W-|ml|ഫിലിം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|wayang}}, {{W+|ms|filem}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|चित्रपट|n}}, {{W-|mr|सिनेमा|n}}, {{W-|mr|पिक्चर|n}} 
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|film}}, {{W+|hu|mozgókép}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|кино}}, {{W-|mn|фильм}}, {{W-|mn|сүүдэр ший}} 
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|चलचित्र}}
* {{Z|new}}: {{W-|new|संकिपा}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|film|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|film|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ଚଳଚ୍ଚିତ୍ର}}, {{W-|or|ସିନେମା}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|فىلىم}}, {{W-|ug|كىنو}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|kino}}, {{W+|uz|film}}, {{W+|uz|kinofilm}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|پلم|n|tr=pilm, pilëm}}, {{W-|ps|خوځنده انځور|n|tr=xwëźënda anźor}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|فیلْم}}, {{W-|fa|سینِما}}, {{W-|fa|تَصَاویرِ مُتَحَرِّک}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|film|n}}, {{W+|pl|kino|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|filme|n}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਫਿਲਮ}}, {{W+|pa|ਸਿਨੇਮਾ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|фильм}}, {{W-|kk|кино}}, {{W-|kk|кинокартина}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|film|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|film|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|фильм|n}}, {{W+|ru|кинофи́льм|n}}, {{W+|ru|кинокарти́на|m}}, {{W+|ru|карти́на|m}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|филм|n}}, {{W-|rue|філм|n}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|filbma}}
* {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|fiˊlmm}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W-|sa|चलच्चित्रम्|nt}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|pelikula}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|film|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|фи̏лм|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|fȉlm|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|film|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|film|n}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|fileme}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|película|m}}, {{W+|es|filme|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|filamu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|film|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ငဝ်းတူင်ႉ}}, {{W-|shn|ငဝ်း}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|кино}}, {{W+|tg|филм}}, {{W-|tg|синамо}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sine}}, {{W-|tl|pelikula}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|திரைப்படம்}}, {{W+|ta|படம்}}, {{W+|ta|சினிமா}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ภาพยนตร์}}, {{W+|th|หนัง}}
* {{Z|tdd}}: {{W-|tdd|ᥖᥦᥢᥱᥕᥤᥢᥰ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సినిమా}}, {{W-|te|సైన్మ}}, {{W-|te|సీన్మ}}, {{W+|te|చిత్రము}}, {{W+|te|చలనచిత్రము}} 
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|фильм}}, {{W-|tt|кино}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ፊልም}}, {{W-|ti|ሲነማ}}, {{W-|ti|ቺነማ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|film}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|kinofilm}}, {{W-|tk|film}}, {{W-|tk|kino}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གློག་བརྙན}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|кино}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|فِلْم|m}}, {{W-|ur|سِنیما|n}}, {{W-|ur|چَلْچِتْر|n}}, {{W-|ur|مُووِی|m}}, {{W-|ur|مُتَحَرِّک تَصاوِیر|m-p}}, {{W-|ur|مُتَحَرِّک فِلْم|m}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|фільм|n}}, {{W+|uk|кіно́|nt}}, {{W-|uk|кінофі́льм|n}}, {{W-|uk|стрі́чка|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|phim}}, {{W+|vi|điện ảnh}} 
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W-|vo|biomagodem}}, {{W-|vo|däsinotabioskop}} 
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ffilm|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|កុន}}, {{W+|km|ភាពយន្ត}}, {{W-|km|ហ្វីល}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|киинэ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פֿילם|n}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|fiimu}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ταινία|m}}, {{W+|el|έργο|nt}}, {{W+|el|φιλμ|nt}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|denyingj}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|film|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82463557}}</text>
      <sha1>t7tndbxvmvb63ukcc9kcsmpa0qq4atm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dijî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7137</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290932</id>
      <parentid>6254105</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Daçek */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290932</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5015" sha1="j06t21y93udzfjc1jf1g1gdfpyimr8c" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-dij.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Daçek ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# [[li dij]], [[eks]], [[zid]], [[ters]], [[hember]], li [[rex]]ê din, bi [[temam]]î jê [[cuda]], [[qet]] ne [[wek]] [[hev]], [[dijber]], [[hevber]], [[miqabil]], [[kerb]], [[kîn]]:
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''dijî''' me ne.|Ew ji me hez nakin. Ew şerê me dikin...|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ne '''dijî''' we me.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dijminên me ew kes in ku '''dijî''' me ne.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دژی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|li dijî}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|(li) [[dijî rabûn]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dijbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dij-
|dijayetî
|dijber
|dijberî
|dijgir
|dijgirî
|dijê
|dijî
|dijîtî
|dijmin
|dijminahî
|dijminatî
|dijminî
|dijraber
|dijraberî
|dijûn
|dijwar
|dijwarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|ira-pro|ku}}, ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*dus-|w=xirab, nebaş; dijwar; dij}}. Hevreha [[dijmin]], [[dijwar]], [[diz]], [[zirr-]]. Hevrehên din:
::{{ae}}: '''duş'''-, '''duj'''- (&quot;dij&quot;) 
::{{peo}}: '''duş'''- (&quot;dij&quot;) 
::{{pal}}: '''duş'''- (&quot;diş&quot;) 
::{{fa}}: '''duş'''-, (&quot;dij&quot;)
::{{fa}}: '''dij'''- (&quot;dij&quot;)
::{{zza}}: '''diş''' (&quot;dij&quot;)
:{{sa}}: '''duş'''- (&quot;xirab, nebaş&quot;)
:{{el}}: '''dys'''- (&quot;xirab, nebaş&quot;) ... 
:{{en}}: '''[[tore]]''' (&quot;dijwar, zehmet&quot;)
[[wate|Wateya]] [[rastîn]] ''[[bed]]'' bûye [[dijwate]]ya ''hu-'' (&quot;baş&quot;) bûye. Berê [[pêşgir]]a ku [[mane]]ya ''[[antî-]]'' dida ''cud-'' bû ku [[hevreh]]a [[cuda]]/[[cihê]] ye. Lê heta ew jî di [[serdem]]a xwe de dest pê kiribû ku [[wate]]ya xwe ber bi ''[[bed]]'' ve biguhêre, wek farisî {{g|fa|جدین|tr=cuddîn|w=ji [[dîn]]ê [[xirab]], [[mirov]]ên ne[[zerdeştî]], ne-[[behdîn]]}}. Kurdiya îro de ''bed'' wê [[mane]]yê dide wek {{q|ku|bedbext}}, {{q|ku|beddol}}, {{q|ku|bednêt}}...

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Horn|r=126}}
* {{Watkins|r=64}}
* {{Etymonline|Etymonline}}
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gegen}}, {{W+|de|wider}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|qarşı}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|су́праць}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিরুদ্ধে}}
* Berberî:
*: {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|afna n}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W-|br|ouz}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|про́тив|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|proti}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|反對|tr=fǎnduì}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|mod}}, {{W+|da|imod}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ضِدّ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|ضد|tr=ḍedd|sc=Arab}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|դեմ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kontraŭ}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|vastu}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|علیه|tr='aleyh-e}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vasten}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|contre}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|tsjin}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|an aghaidh}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|წინააღმდეგი}}, {{W-|ka|წინააღმდეგ}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|tegen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|נגד|tr=neged|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|kontre}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|aġēn}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|against}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|in aghaidh}}, {{W-|ga|in éadan}}, {{W-|ga|i gcoinne}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|contro|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|逆らって|tr=...にさからって, ...ni sakaratte|cuda=...に逆らって|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|反して|tr=...にはんして, ...ni han shite|cuda=...に反して|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|対して|tr=...にたいして, ...ni tai shite|cuda=...に対して|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|en contra}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|каршы}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|contrā}} 
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|против}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|mot}}, {{W+|no|imot}}
* {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|contra}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qarshi}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|پر ضد|tr=për zid}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|przeciw}}, {{W+|pl|przeciwko}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|contra}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|қарсы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|contra}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|про́тив}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|против}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|protiv}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|proti}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|proti}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|en contra}}, {{W+|es|enfrente}}, {{W-|es|en pugna}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|juu ya}}, {{W+|sw|dhidi|cuda=dhidi ya}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mot}}, {{W+|sv|emot}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|pvo djuu|cuda=pvo ... djuu}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|kontra}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|karşı}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|garşy}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|про́ти}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|chống lại}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ប្រឆាំងនឹង|tr=prɑcʰaŋ nɨŋ|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κατά}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κατά}} 
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|against|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75801364}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# {{formeke peyvê|ku|jiyan||niha|2|yj}}:
# ''Tu li kû dijî?'' (Mala te li kû derê ye?)
# ''Ew nemiriye, hê jî dijî.''

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|najî}}

==== Têkildarî ====
{{kol3|ku
|bijî
|jiya
|jiyaye
|jiyayî
}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|dijîm
|dijîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|di-|-jî-}}.</text>
      <sha1>j06t21y93udzfjc1jf1g1gdfpyimr8c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêkêmasî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7755</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290933</id>
      <parentid>6129845</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290933</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1321" sha1="ijguehpnh89nxofv2wk6eotftvgtksu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ti tişt jê ne [[kêm]], [[kamil]], [[temam]], [[perfekt]], [[bêxeletî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ti kes ne yê '''bêkêmasî''' ye.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بێکێماسی}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|bikêmasî
|bêkêmahî
|kêmasîdar
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bê-|kêmasî}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêkêmasî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêkêmasîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêkêmasîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêkêmasîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêkêmasîtî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|akkurat}}, {{W+|de|perfekt}}, {{W+|de|präzis}}, {{W+|de|wunschlos}}, {{W+|de|vortrefflich}}, {{W-|de|schulgerecht|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|vollendet|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|vollzählig|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|بی عیبی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|blameless}}, {{W+|en|flawless}}, {{W+|en|ducky}}, {{W+|en|unblemished}}, {{W+|en|unfailing}}, {{W+|en|upstanding}}, {{W+|en|regal}}, {{W+|en|ripping}}, {{W+|en|perfect}}, {{W+|en|ideal}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|eksiksiz}}, {{W+|tr|kamil}}, {{W+|tr|rast}}, {{W+|tr|kusursuz}}, {{W+|tr|özürsüz}}, {{W+|tr|tekmil}}, {{W+|tr|tıpatıp}}, {{W+|tr|mükemmel}}, {{W+|tr|noksansız|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|kalıbı kalıbına|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ijguehpnh89nxofv2wk6eotftvgtksu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kirêt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7960</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290934</id>
      <parentid>6262302</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290934</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6524" sha1="tgz9o7b23150hkvqnik11f4f5yhsl8d" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-kirêt.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|kirêt}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kirh]], [[eblû]], ne [[bedew]], ne [[ciwan]], ne [[delal]], ne [[rind]], ne [[spehî]], ne [[xweşik]], &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê yan tişta/ê [[dêm]]ê wê / wî anku [[xuyang]]a wê / wî ne bi dilê mirovî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[qirêj]], [[pîs]], ne [[paqij]], ne [[pak]]
#: {{nm|ku|Lîstikên '''kirêt'''.|[[lêb]], [[hîle]]|rêz=1}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|كرێت}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|krêt}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|kirê}}

==== Binere herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|xîret}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kirêt bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kirêt kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kirêtbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kirêtkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kirêtbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kirêtkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kirêtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{q|ku|kerahet}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|hässlich}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|feu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|çirkin}}, {{W+|az|eybəcər}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|itsusi}}, {{W-|eu|zatar}}, {{W-|eu|ezain}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пачва́рны}}, {{W-|be|бры́дкі}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশ্রী}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|makanos}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|гро́зен}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|mache'c̈homa}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|ирча}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|ošklivý}}, {{W+|cs|škaredý}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏁᎩᎸᏗ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|wonyansa}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|樣衰|tr=joeng6-2 seoi1}}, {{W-|yue|醜樣|tr=cau2 joeng6-2}}, {{W-|yue|肉酸|tr=juk6 syun1}}, {{W-|yue|醜怪|tr=cau2 gwaai3}}, {{W-|yue|核突|tr=wat6 dat6}}, {{W-|yue|醜陋|tr=cau2 lau6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|難看|tr=nánkàn}}, {{W+|cmn|醜|tr=chǒu}}, {{W+|cmn|媸|tr=chī}}, {{W+|cmn|醜陋|tr=chǒulòu}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|brot}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|grim}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|liuot}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|odoh}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|قَبِيح}}, {{W+|ar|بَشِع}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|شنيع|tr=šanīʕ}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بشع|tr=bɪše̞ʕ}}
*: {{Z|apc}}: {{W-|apc|بشع|tr=bišeʕ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خايب|tr=ḵāyib}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|بشع|tr=bišʕ}}
*: {{Z|apd}}: {{W-|apd|قَرَض|tr=garaḍ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տգեղ}}, {{W+|hy|գեշ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|malbela}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|inetu}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|زشت|tr=zešt}}, {{W+|fa|بی‌ریخت|tr=bi-rixt}}, {{W+|fa|بدقیافه|tr=bad-qiyâfe}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|ljótur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ruma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|laid}}, {{W+|fr|moche}}, {{W+|fr|vilain}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|grànnda}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|feo}}, {{W-|gl|laido|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|უშნო}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|vai|p|n|m}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|lèd}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|pupuka}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|mummuna}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|madaut}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|असुंदर}}, {{W+|hi|कुरूप}}, {{W+|hi|बदसूरत}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lelijk}}
* {{Z|hmc}}: {{W-|hmc|dab tuag}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מכוער|tr=m'kho'ár|cuda=מכוער \ מְכֹעָר}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|leda}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|jọrọ njọ}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|unfæġer}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ugly}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|ruma}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|gránna}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|brutto}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|ljótur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|醜い|tr=みにくい, minikui}}, {{W+|ja|見苦しい|tr=みぐるしい, migurushii}}, {{W-|ja|格好悪い|tr=かっこわるい, kakkowarui}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|ala}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|pinniitsoq}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|lleig}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|керксүз}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|추악하다}}, {{W+|ko|못생기다}}
* {{Z|kri}}: {{W-|kri|wowoh}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|dēfōrmis}}, {{W+|la|foedus}}, {{W+|la|turpis}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|neglīts}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຫນ້າກຽດ|tr=na kiad}}, {{W-|lo|ໜ້າກຽດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|baisus}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|ellent}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|scheila}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|грд}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|ratsy tarehy}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|hodoh}}, {{W-|ms|buruk}}, {{W-|ms|odoh}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ikrah|n}}, {{W-|mt|kerha|m}}, {{W-|mt|koroh|c-p}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|vaikue}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|csúnya}}, {{W+|hu|ronda}}
* {{Z|min}}: {{W-|min|buruak}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|муухай}}, {{W+|mn|зэвүүн}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|नराम्रो}}, {{W+|ne|कुरूप}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|laid}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|stygg}}, {{W-|no|frastøtende}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|maanaadad}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|lag}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yomon}}, {{W+|uz|xunuk}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|eizhich}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|brzydki}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|feio}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|кейіпсіз}}, {{W-|kk|көріксіз}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|trid}}, {{W-|rm|maltgiert}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|urât}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|безобра́зный}}, {{W+|ru|уро́дливый}}, {{W+|ru|некраси́вый}}, {{W+|ru|стра́шный}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|ropmi}}, {{W-|se|fasti}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अश्रीर}}
* {{Z|csm}}: {{W-|csm|heceŋ·-a-}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ружан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ružan}}, {{W+|sh|grd}}, {{W+|sh|gadan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|škaredý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|gŕd}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W+|hsb|hrozny}}, {{W-|hsb|wohidny}}, {{W-|hsb|nješwarny}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W+|st|mobe}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|feo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ful}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W-|sn|shata}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|зишт}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|น่าเกลียด}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çirkin}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بدسورت|tr=badsūrat}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|бридки́й}}, {{W-|uk|потво́рний}}, {{W+|uk|пога́ний}}, {{W-|uk|нега́рний}}, {{W-|uk|некраси́вий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|xấu}}, {{W+|vi|xấu xí}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|laid|n}}, {{W+|wa|laide|m}}, {{W+|wa|laidès|m-p}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|hyll}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ក្រញូស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מיאוס|tr=mies}}, {{W-|yi|מבֿוזה|tr=mevuze}}, {{W-|yi|העסלעך}}, {{W-|yi|ברידקע}}, {{W-|yi|וורעדנע}}, {{W-|yi|פּאַסקודנע}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ilosiwaju}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|άσχημος}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|αἰσχρός}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|δυσειδής}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|yakyawj}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|ngimubi}}

{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|ugly|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75876725}}</text>
      <sha1>tgz9o7b23150hkvqnik11f4f5yhsl8d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêşkêş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7982</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290935</id>
      <parentid>6285832</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290935</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2121" sha1="ljh3471dtownghet1ow8inr1ilh6a8c" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/pʰeːʃˈkʰeːʃ/}}
* {{kîte|ku|pêş|kêş}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|pêşkêş}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[berçav|Berçav]], [[diyar]], [[xuya]], [[eşkere]], [[zelal]], [[raber]], [[araste]], [[rapêş]], [[nîşandayî]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[berpêş]], [[hizûr]], [[pêşber]]}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[tişt|Tişt]]ek [[dan ve]]/vê.
#: {{nm|ku|Min dilê xwe '''pêşkêşî''' te kir.}}
# [[îkram|Îkram]].
#* ''Lê çawa '''pêşkêş''' bavê min salê du berx û [[karik|karek]] jî distend, ew jî wekî [[ziyan]] negehîşta [[pez]].''&lt;ref&gt;1931, ''Hakob Qezeryan-Lazo'', ''Serhatiya Casim'', guhastin:Haciyê Cindî-Emînê Evdal &lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin= ...bilanê tabî bibe û '''pêşkêş''' bide.|nivîskar={{w|Mela Mûsayê Hekarî}}|sernav=Durrû’l Mecalîs|amadekar=Hêmin Omer|sala weşandinê=2022|sal=1857|rûpel=75}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پێشكێش}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|pêşkeş}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|nehînî
|veşartî
|dizîkî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pêşkêş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêşkêş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêşkêşbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pêşkêşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pêşkêşbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pêşkêşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pêşkêşker
|pêşkêşkerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gabe|f}}, {{W+|de|Geschenk|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مقدم}}, {{W-|ar|مهدى}}, {{W-|ar|معطى}}, {{W-|ar|ممنوح}}, {{W-|ar|مشترف|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|يقدم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پیشکشی}}, {{W+|fa|هدیه}}, {{W+|fa|پیشکش}}, {{W+|fa|فرمانده}}, {{W+|fa|پیشقراول}}, {{W+|fa|پیشکشی}}, {{W+|fa|عرضه|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|presented}}, {{W+|en|respected}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|arz}}, {{W+|tr|ikram}}, {{W+|tr|peşkeş}}, {{W+|tr|sunma}}, {{W+|tr|sunu}}, {{W+|tr|sunucu}}, {{W+|tr|takdim}}, {{W+|tr|takdimci}}, {{W+|tr|takdimcilik}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>ljh3471dtownghet1ow8inr1ilh6a8c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hîle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8094</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290936</id>
      <parentid>6242572</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290936</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4391" sha1="ieyhnxz52vlcxawl4ufvvv4a12eqtje" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|hile}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|ḧîle}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hîle|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[lêb]], [[fêl]], [[xap]], [[qîle]], [[los]], [[lihb]], [[lêhb]], [[xapandin]], [[xirrandin]], [[cixiz]], tiştek ne[[rast]] pê dan [[bawer]]kirin
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[derd]], [[îlet]], [[nexweşî]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hîle''' ketiye canê min.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hîleyek''' di canê min şên hatiye, ez nizanim çi ye.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Sed baziyan ev huqqebaz&lt;/br&gt;Tînit bi '''hîle''' kar-i saz&lt;/br&gt;Geh geh ko naz e û geh niyaz}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حیله‌}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ḧîle}}
* {{g|ku|heyle}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hîle kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hîlekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hîlekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêhîle
|bêhîletî
|bêhîleyî
|bihîle
|bihîletî
|bihîleyî
|hîlebaz
|hîlebazî
|hîledar
|hîleker
|hîlekerî
|hîleyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حِيلَة}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mashtrim|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Betrügerei|m}}, {{W+|de|Betrug|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|hiylə}}, {{W-|az|aldatma}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|iruzur}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|падма́н|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|প্রবঞ্চনা}}, {{W+|bn|ফাঁকি}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|изма́ма|m}}, {{W+|bg|лъжа́|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|podvod|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|欺騙|tr=qīpiàn}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خِدَاع|n}}, {{W-|ar|خَدْع|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խաբեբայություն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|mistifiko}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|pettus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فریب|tr=farib}}, {{W+|fa|گول|tr=gul}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|svik|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|petosyritys}}, {{W-|fi|[[petos|petoksen]] [[yritys]]}}, {{W+|fi|petos}}, {{W+|fi|huiputus}}, {{W+|fi|huijaus}}, {{W+|fi|harhautus}}, {{W+|fi|vilppi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|tromperie|m}}, {{W+|fr|ruse|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|engano|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌴𐌹|m}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|धोखा|n}}, {{W+|hi|छल|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bedrog|nt}}, {{W+|nl|bedriegerij|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|רַמָּאוּת|m|tr=ramaút}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|ymagynynge}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|deceit}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|meang|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|falsità|m}}, {{W-|it|mendacità|m}}, {{W+|it|inganno|n}}, {{W+|it|trucco|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|詐欺|tr=sagi}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|fantuxada}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|алдоо}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|속임수}}, {{W+|ko|사기}}, {{W-|ko|속임}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|fraus|m}}, {{W-|la|dolus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|maldināšana|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|apgavystė|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|измама|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|penipuan}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|megtévesztés}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ତଞ୍ଚକତା|sc=Orya}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|фӕлывд}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالداش}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W-|uz|aldash}}, {{W+|uz|firib}}

* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|oszustwo|nt}}, {{W+|pl|podstęp|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|velhacaria|m}}, {{W+|pt|fraude|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|алдау}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|decepție|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|обма́н|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|कपट|n|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|о̏бмана|m}}, {{W-|sh|пре̏вара|m}}, {{W-|sh|прије̑вара|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ȍbmana|m}}, {{W+|sh|prȅvara|m}}, {{W+|sh|prijȇvara|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|podvod|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|prevara|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|bellaquería|m}}, {{W+|es|fraude|n}}, {{W+|es|engaño|n}}, {{W+|es|embeleco}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bedrägeri|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|фиреб}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|การหลอกลวง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|దగా}}, {{W+|te|మోసము}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|алдау}}, {{W+|tt|алдак}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hile}}, {{W+|tr|aldatma}}, {{W+|tr|kandırma}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aldaw}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دھوکا|n|tr=dhokhā}}, {{W-|ur|فریب|tr=farīb}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|обма́н|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ការបោកប្រាស់|tr=kaa baok prah|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|απάτη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀπάτη|m}}, {{W-|grc|δόλωμα|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|deceit|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82565279}}</text>
      <sha1>ieyhnxz52vlcxawl4ufvvv4a12eqtje</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mejî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8117</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290937</id>
      <parentid>6242757</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290937</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15447" sha1="sfwh8jsepuemc9gj9exn99yx9kb1lq9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|me|jî}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mejî|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Human_brain_NIH.jpg|thumb|mejiyekî mirovan]]
{{wp|mejî}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[parçe]]ya [[fikirîn]] û pê[[hesîn]]ê di [[ser]]ê [[mirov]]an û [[candar]]ên [[din]] de
#: {{nm|ku|Lêkolîn li '''mejiyên''' mirovan û heywanan tên kirin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Da me sed reng-i 'ezabê we nehat der ji me deng&lt;/br&gt;Hestiyan girtiye nasûr û '''mejî''' da heye jeng&lt;/br&gt;Lew ne hişyar û xumar în me nexwarî mey û beng}}
# [[beş]]a [[nerm]] ya di [[nav]]a [[hestî|hestiyan]] de, [[mejiyê hestiyan]]
#: {{nm|ku|Êşek ketibû '''mejiyê''' hestiyê lingê wê.}}
# [[hiş]], [[aqil]], [[eql]]:
#: {{nm|ku|Ew kesekî bê'''mejî''' ye!}}
# [[jîrî]], [[fehmatî]], [[zîrekî]]
# [[jîr]]tirîn kesa/ê [[kom]]ekê
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''mejiyê''' koma hevalên xwe ye.}}
# [[planker]]a/ê yan [[plandaner]]a/ê [[xebat]]ekê
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''mejiyê''' xebata komê bû.}}
# mejiyê [[heywan]]an yê [[kelandin|kelandî]] bo [[xwarin]]ê:
#: {{nm|ku|Gelo te '''mejî''' xwariye?}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مەژی}}
* {{ku-kr|мәжи}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mejox
|mejû
|mêjî
|mêşk
|mîjî
}}

==== Jornav ====
{{kol3|ku
|[[leş]], [[laş]]
|ser
}}

==== Têkilî ====
* {{g|ku|kulox}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mejî [[bi kar anîn]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mejî [[şuxilandin]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mejî [[şuxilîn]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mejî [[şûştin]]&lt;w:bi [[kotek]]î tiştên [[nerast]] pê dan [[bawer]]kirin&gt;&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mejî [[xebitandin]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mejî [[xebitîn]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mejîbikaranîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mejîşuxilandin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mejîşuxilîn
|mejîşûştin
|mejîxebitandin
|mejîxebitîn
|mejîşûştî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêmejî
|bêmejîtî
|bimejî
|bimejîtî
|mejîdar
|mejîdarî
|mejîk
|mejîka
|mejîreş
|mejîreşî
|mejîşo
|mejîşoyî
|mejîşûştin
|mejîhişk
}}

==== Qafiye ====
{{kol3|ku
|ejî
|bejî
|hejî
|kejî
|nejî
|rejî
|tejî
|vejî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha ''[[mêjî]]'', [[hevreh]]a soranî {{g|ckb|مێشک}}, [[kurdiya başûrî]] ''[[mijg]] / [[mizg]] / [[mezg]]'', hewramî ''[[mejg]]'', lekî ''[[mezg]]'', zazakî ''[[mezg]]'', pehlewî [[𐫖𐫃𐫋‎]] (megj), farisî {{g|fa|مغز}} (''meğz''), tacikî [[мағз]] (''mağz''), osetî [[магъз]] (''maǧz''), peştûyî {{g|ps|ماغزه‎|tr=mağze}}, avestayî [[𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬔𐬀]]‎ (''mezge''), sanskrîtî [[मज्जन्]] (majján), hindî [[भेजा]] (bhejā), rusî [[мозг]] (mozg), ukraynî [[мо́зок]] (mózok), serbokroatî [[мо̏зак]] / [[mȍzak]], bulgarî [[мо́зък]] (mózǎk), polonî ''[[mózg]]'', çekî ''[[mozek]]'', slovakî ''[[mozok]]'', holendî ''[[merg]]'', norwecî ''[[merg]] / [[marg]]'', swêdî ''[[märg]]'', almanî ''[[Mark]]'', danmarkî ''[[marv]]'', îngilîzî ''[[marrow]]''... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *''[[mosgʰos]]'' (mejiyê serî; mejiyê hestiyan).

Di zimanên [[hindûîranî]] û [[slavî]] de peyv maneya ''mejiyê serî'' dide lê di zimanên [[germenî]] de maneya ''[[mejiyê hestiyan]]'' dide.

Ji bilî zimanên hindûîranî, germenî û slavî, [[hevreh]]ên peyvê di şaxên din yên zimanên [[hindûewropî]] de peyda nabin yan hebûna wan bi[[guman]] e.

Bo guherîna M bi B di peyva hindî de, bidin ber erebî {{g|ar|مسمار|tr=mismar}} &gt; kurdî ''[[bizmar]]'' yan {{g|ar|مسلم|tr=muslim}} &gt; kurdiya [[devokî]] ''[[busirman]] / [[bisirman]]'' ([[misilman]]).

Forma devokî ''[[mejox]]'' bi têkilkirina peyva ''mejî'' û peyva ''[[mox]]'' peyda bûye.

[[hevmane|Hevmaneyên]] peyva ''mejî'' anku ''[[demax]]'' û ''[[mox]]'' herdu ji erebî hatine wergirtin.

Tevî nêzîkiya dengî jî, peyva erebî {{g|ar|مخ|tr=muxx}} ne ji zimanekî hindûewropî ye lê peyveke xwemalî ya zimanên [[samî]] ye û [[hevreh]]a bo nimûne van zimanên samî ye: akadî [[𒌋𒅗]] (muḫḫu), aramî [[מוחא‎]] (muħɑʔ), îbranî [[מוח]] (moax), siryanî [[ܡܘܚܐ‎]] (muħɑʔ), ugarîtî [[𐎎𐎈]] (mḥ)...

Herwiha di zimanên [[tirkîkî]] de jî peyvên bi maneya &quot;mejî&quot; dişibin hevmaneyên xwe yên hindûewropî lê ne ji zimanên hindûewropî hatine wergirtin lê peyvên xwemalî yên zimanên [[tirkîkî]] ne: yakûtî [[мэйии]] (meyii), ozbekî ''[[miya]]'', teterî [[ми]] (mi), oyxurî {{g|ug|مېڭە}} (mënge), qazaxî [[ми]] (mï), kirgîzî [[мээ]] (mee), altayiya başûrî [[мее]], tirkmenî ''[[beýin]]'', azerî û tirkî ''[[beyin]]''... Dîsa bala xwe bidin guherîna B/M.

''Mejî'' yek ji kêm nimûneyên peyvên wisa ye ku di [[kurmanciya rojhilatî]] de bi E û di [[kurmanciya navendî]] de bi Ê ye. Çend nimûneyên din wiha ne: kurmanciya rojhilatî ''[[çer]] ([[çerandin]], [[çerîn]]) û [[şelandin]]'' û kurmanciya navendî ''[[çêr]] ([[çêrandin]], [[çêrîn]]) û [[şêlandin]]''. Nimûneyên [[berevajî|berovajî]] anku di kurmanciya rojhilatî de Ê û di kurmanciya navendî de E [[mişe]]tir in, bo nimûne: kurmanciya navendî ''[[hejîr]], [[penîr]], [[zevî]]'' û kurmanciya rojhilatî ''[[hêjîr]], [[pênîr]], [[zêvî]]''.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî: 
* {{Chyet}}
* {{Horn}}
* {{Lubotsky}} 
* {{MacKenzie}}
* {{Sadovski}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
* {{Watkins}}
* {{The Tower of Babel}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{g|ckb|مێشک}}, {{g|ckb|mêşk|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: [[mijg]], [[mizg]], [[mezg]]
** Şêxbizinî: [[mezg]]
* {{Z|lki}}: [[mezg]]
* {{Z|hac}}: [[mejg]]
* {{Z|zza}}: [[mezg]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}

* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|brein}}, {{W+|af|harsings|p}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|utok}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|tru|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gehirn|nt}}, {{W+|de|Hirn|nt}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|мее}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|አንጎል}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|bitsighąąʼ}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|celebro}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܡܘܚܐ|n|tr=mūḥā}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|crier|n}}, {{W-|rup|mãduã|m}}, {{W-|rup|midulj|nt}}
* {{Z|aer}}: {{W-|aer|akurrknge}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|মগজু}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|cerebru|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|beyin}}
* {{Z|bdr}}: {{W-|bdr|utok}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|garun}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|мейе}}
* {{Z|sne}}: {{W-|sne|otok}}, {{W-|sne|otok}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|мозг|n}}, {{W-|be|мо́заг|n}} 
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|মস্তিষ্ক}}, {{W+|bn|মগজ}}
* {{Z|bkd}}: {{W-|bkd|utek}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|hutok}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|empenn|n}}
* {{Z|bug}}: {{W-|bug|uta}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|мо́зък|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဦးနှောက်}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|тархи}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|хье}}, {{W-|ce|хьекъал}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|mozek|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏅᏥᏓ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|腦|tr=nou5}}, {{W-|yue|腦部|tr=nou5 bou6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|нозы}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|頭腦|tr=thèu-nó}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|頭腦|tr=tóunǎo}}, {{W+|cmn|腦|tr=nǎo}}, {{W+|cmn|腦部|tr=nǎobù}}, {{W+|cmn|腦子|tr=nǎozi}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|腦|tr=náu}}, {{W+|nan|腦部|tr=náu-pō͘}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|腦}}, {{W-|wuu|腦子}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|миме}}
* {{Z|dak}}: {{W-|dak|nasúna}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|carviale|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|hjerne|g}}
* {{Z|dar}}: {{W-|dar|мехӀе}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ސިކުނޑި}}
* {{Z|duo}}: {{W-|duo|utak}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|ienne|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|otak}}, {{W+|id|benak}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|دِمَاغ|n}}, {{W-|ar|مخ|n|tr=muḵḵ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|مخ|n|tr=muḵḵ}}, {{W-|arz|نفوخ|n|tr=nafūḵ}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|دِماغ|n|tr=dimāḡ}}, {{W-|acw|مُخ|n|tr=muḵḵ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|مخ|n|tr=muḵḵ}}, {{W-|ary|دماغ|n|tr=dmāḡ}}
*: {{Z|apc}}: {{W-|apc|دماغ|n|tr=dmāḡ}}, {{W-|apc|مخ|n|tr=miḵḵ}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|مخ|n|tr=muḵḵ}}, {{W-|ajp|دماغ|n|tr=dmāḡ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ուղեղ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|cerbo}}, {{W-|eo|encefalo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|aju}}, {{W-|et|peaaju}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|иргэ}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|иргэ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مغز|tr=mağz}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|heili|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|aivot|p}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cerveau|n}}, {{W+|fr|cervelle|m}}, {{W+|fr|encéphale|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cerviel|n}}, {{W-|fur|čurviel|n}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|Brain}} 
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|brein}}, {{W+|fy|harsens}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|eanchainn|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|cerebro|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|મગજ}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ტვინი}}
* {{Z|kky}}: {{W-|kky|garu}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|sèvo}}, {{W-|ht|sèvèl}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|lolo}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|otok}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|मस्तिष्क|n}}, {{W-|hi|दिमाग़|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|utok}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|hersenen|p}}, {{W+|nl|hersens|p}}, {{W+|nl|brein|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מוח|n|tr=móakh|cuda=מוח \ מֹחַ}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|cerebro}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|utek}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|bræġn|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|brain}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|aivo}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|хьоа}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|cerebro}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|inchinn|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|cervello|n}}, {{W-|it|cervella|m-p}}
* {{Z|ivv}}: {{W-|ivv|otek}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|heili|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|脳|tr=のう, nō}}, {{W+|ja|脳髄|tr=のうずい, nōzui}}, {{W+|ja|頭脳|tr=ずのう, zunō}}, {{W+|ja|脳|tr=なずき, nazuki}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|utek}}
* {{Z|jje}}: {{W-|jje|머릿골}}, {{W-|jje|골머리}}
* Kabuverdianu:
*: ALUPEC: [[cerébr']]
*: Badiu: [[sirébru]]
*: São Vicente: [[cerebro]]
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|qarasaq}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|экн}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಮೆದುಳು}}, {{W+|kn|ಮಸ್ತಿಷ್ಕ}}, {{W+|kn|ಮಿದುಳು}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|utak}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|aivot}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|mùsk|n}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|cervell|n}}
* {{Z|zku}}: {{W-|zku|mukamuka}}, {{W-|zku|ngarrumuka}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|ñutgo}}, {{W-|qu|tuxu}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|мээ}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|tombo}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|මොළයේ}}
* {{Z|kyi}}: {{W-|kyi|utek}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|뇌}}, {{W+|ko|두뇌}}, {{W+|ko|골}}, {{W-|ko|머릿골}}
* {{Z|lbe}}: {{W-|lbe|ня}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|smedzinis|p}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|cerebrum|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|smadzenes|p}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ສະໝອງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|smegenys|m-p}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|cervell}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦀᦸᧅᧈᦶᦀᧅᧈ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Gehir}}
* {{Z|mak}}: {{W-|mak|uta}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|мозок|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|തലച്ചോറ്‌}}, {{W+|ml|മൂള}}, {{W+|ml|മസ്തിഷ്കം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|otak}}, {{W-|ms|benak}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|moħħ|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡶᡝᡥᡳ}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|otok}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|roro}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|otek}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|मेंदू|n}}
* {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|вуйдорык}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|agy}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|ꜣjs n ḏnnt|n|h=A-i-s-Aa3:n-D:n-n:t-tp-Z1}}, {{W-egy|ꜥmm|n|h=a-m-m-H8}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|уй}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|тархи}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W+|nah|cuatextli|cuda=cuātextli}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|игэ}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|atsiighąąʼ}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Brägen|n}}
* {{Z|niv}}: {{W-|niv|ӈаўр̌к}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|chèrvé|n}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|hjerne}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|niinindib}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|cervèl|n}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|sammuu}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|магъз}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|بینی|tr=beyni}}, {{W-|ota|دماغ|tr=demağ}}, {{W-|ota|مغز|tr=mağz}}, {{W-|ota|مخ|tr=muh}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|مېڭە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|miya}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|matthaluṅga}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|ماغزه|tr=māğza}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|sërvel|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mózg|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|cérebro|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ми}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|tscharvè|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|creier|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|мозг|n}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|мо́зоґ|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|मस्तिष्क|nt}}, {{W+|sa|तेजस|nt}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱲ}}, {{W-|sat|ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|cerbedhu|n}}, {{W-|sc|cerbeddu}}, {{W-|sc|cherveddu}}, {{W-|sc|carbedhu}}, {{W-|sc|carbeddu}}, {{W-|sc|cialbedhu}}, {{W-|sc|carvedhu}}, {{W-|sc|carveddu}}, {{W-|sc|carvedha}}, {{W-|sc|celbedhu}}, {{W-|sc|ciobedhus}}, {{W-|sc|ciorbedhu}}, {{W-|sc|gerbedhu}}, {{W-|sc|tzalbedhu}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|utok}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|ciriveddu|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|мозак|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|mozak|n}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|harn}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|мозгъ|n}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⰿⱁⰸⰳⱏ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|мозгъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|mozog|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|možgani|n-p}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|maskax}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|mórzgi|p}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|mozy|p}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|boko}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cerebro|n}}
* {{Z|xsv}}: {{W-|xsv|stirgena|m}}, {{W-|xsv|mazgena|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ubongo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|hjärna|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ဢွၵ်းဢေႃ}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|мағз}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|utak|nt}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|மூளை}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|aǧi|n}}, {{W-|rif|amerɣiɣ|n}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|utuk}}
* {{Z|nod}}: {{W-|nod|ᩋᩬᨠᩋᩴᩬ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|มันสมอง}}, {{W+|th|สมอง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|మెదడు}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|miy}}, {{W-|crh|dimağ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ми}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|kakutak}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|beyin}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|beýin}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཀླད་པ}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎎𐎍𐎋}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|دماغ|tr=dimāġ}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|мо́зок|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|çervèl|n}}, {{W-|vec|serveło|n}}, {{W-|vec|zerveło|n}}, {{W-|vec|servèl|n}}, {{W-|vec|zhervèl}}, {{W-|vec|sarveło|n}}, {{W-|vec|çarvèl|n}}, {{W-|vec|zharvèl|n}}, {{W-|vec|cèlebro|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|óc}}, {{W+|vi|não}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|brein}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|ajud|p}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|cervea|n}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|utok}}
* {{Z|wbp}}: {{W-|wbp|ngukunypa}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ymennydd}}
* {{Z|wrh}}: {{W-|wrh|kábuka}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W-|wo|yóor}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ខួរក្បាល}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|мэйии}}
* {{Z|tao}}: {{W-|tao|etek}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מוח|n|tr=moyekh}}, {{W-|yi|געהירן}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ọ̀bụ́tụ̀n}}, {{W-|yo|ọpọlọ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εγκέφαλος|n}}, {{W+|el|μυαλά|nt-p}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἐγκέφαλος|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|uk}}, {{W-|za|ngog}}, {{W-|za|ukek}} 
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# {{f|ku|nadir}} ''[[form]]a [[qedexe]]kirinê ([[prohîbîtîv]]) ji [[lêker]]a'' '''[[jîn]]'''
#: {{nm|ku|Qet '''mejî!'''.|[[dijmane]]ya [[her bijî]], [[her hebe]]!|rêz=1}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[nejî]]!

==== Dijmane ====
* [[bijî]]!

==== Pirhejmar ====
{{kol3|ku
|mejîn
|nejîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|me-|-jî-}}.

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}
# {{şaşnivîs|ku|[[me]] [[jî]]}}</text>
      <sha1>sfwh8jsepuemc9gj9exn99yx9kb1lq9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bihişt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8166</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290938</id>
      <parentid>6264256</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290938</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2824" sha1="qa9g5m8clm54bmuqmd3znv25jpt3bzf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bihişt|mê}}
[[Wêne:Jan Bruegel d. Ä. 003.jpg|thumb|[[dîmen]]eke [[xeyalî]] ji bihiştê]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[cenet|Cenet]], cihê pirr [[xweş]] yê tê bawerkirin ku [[jîngeh]]a mirovên [[qenc]] e piştî ew bimirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Bişkoj u ṭilism u wereq u netrik u baz in&lt;/br&gt;Subbûḥî u quddûsî u ḥorên di '''bihiştê'''&lt;/br&gt;Peyweste şebê qedrê liqaya te dixwazin}}
# Her cihê pirr xweş.
#: {{nm|ku|Kurdistan '''bihişta''' ser dinyayê ye.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بهشت}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{stûn|
* [[biheşt]]
* [[beheşt]]
* [[behişt]]
* [[behuşt]]
* [[behûşt]]
* [[bihuşt]]
* [[bihûşt]]
* [[buhuşt]]
* [[buhûşt]]
}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[cenet]]
* [[îrem]]

==== Dijmane ====
* [[dojeh]]
* [[dozex]]
* [[cehnem]]

==== Mamik ====
* ''Tasa bavê Bekir tijî şîr û şekir, [[xêncî]] Xwedê kesî derî venekir'' ('''bihişt''')

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*ṷesu-|w=[[baş]]tir}} &gt; îraniya kevn *''vehişte-ax&lt;sup&gt;v&lt;/sup&gt;'', avestayî vêhu-/vohu (''baş'') &gt; ''vehya'' (baştir) &gt; ''vehişto'' (baştirîn), ''vehişte-eyhu'' (baştirîn dinya/jiyan) &gt; pehlewî ''vehişt'' &gt; kurdî/farisî ''bihişt''.

==== Jê ====
* [[bihiştane]]
* [[bihiştî]]
* [[gorrbihişt]]
* [[masiyên bihiştê]] (Macropodus viridiauratus)
* [[teyrikên bihiştê]] (Paradisea apoda)

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}} : {{W+|af|paradys}}
* {{Z|bg}} : {{W+|bg|рай|R=paj}}
* {{Z|cs}} : {{W+|cs|ráj}}
* {{Z|da}} : {{W-|da|paradis}}
* {{Z|de}} : {{W+|de|Paradies|n}}
* {{Z|ar}} : {{W+|ar|جنة}} (cenne[t]), {{W+|ar|فردوس}}
* {{Z|eo}} : {{W+|eo|paradizo}}
* {{Z|fa}} : {{W+|fa|بهشت}} (bihişt), {{W+|fa|جنت}}, {{W-|fa|اسمان|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}} : {{W-|fo|paradís}}
* {{Z|fi}} : {{W+|fi|paratiisi}}
* {{Z|fr}} : {{W+|fr|paradis}}
* {{Z|nl}} : {{W+|nl|paradijs}}
* {{Z|io}} : {{W+|io|paradizo}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|paradise}}, {{W+|en|heaven}}, {{W-|en|new jerusalem}}, {{W-|en|olympus}}, {{W+|en|zion}}, {{W+|en|kingdom come}}
* {{Z|it}} : {{W+|it|paradiso}}
* {{Z|ja}} : {{W+|ja|天国|R=tengoku}}
* {{Z|ca}} : {{W+|ca|paradís}}
* {{Z|sh}} : {{W+|sh|raj}}
* {{Z|ms}} : {{W+|ms|surga}}
* {{Z|no}} : {{W-|no|paradis}}
* {{Z|pap}} : {{W-|pap|paradiso}}
* {{Z|pl}} : {{W+|pl|raj}}
* {{Z|pt}} : {{W+|pt|paraíso}}
* {{Z|ru}} : {{W+|ru|рай|R=raï}}
* {{Z|se}} : {{W-|se|albmi}}
* {{Z|ses}} : {{W-|ses|aljanna}}
* {{Z|es}} : {{W+|es|paraíso}}
* {{Z|sv}} : {{W+|sv|paradis}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|cennet}}, {{W+|tr|uçmak|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|uk}} : {{W+|uk|рай|R=raï}}
* {{Z|el}} : {{W+|el|παράδεισος|R=parádhisos}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qa9g5m8clm54bmuqmd3znv25jpt3bzf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bersiv</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8206</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290939</id>
      <parentid>6253337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290939</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7648" sha1="b3tv8hz5f41y22b5babebcxt9ez8wox" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bersiv|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[cewab]], [[welam]], [[îfade]], [[berdêl]]a [[pirs]]ekê, [[cab]], [[agahî|agahiya]] hatiye [[xwestin]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Hûn ê belkî ji xwe bipirsin: çima di vê pirtûkê de nigarine din wilo xweşik û dilbir wek nigara darên baobabê tune ne?&quot; '''Bersiv''' hêsan e: min xwest lê ez çi bikim bi destê min derneket.|{{Jêgirtin/Antoine de Saint-Exupéry/Mîrzayê Biçûk}}}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bersiva''' pirsa min bide.|Wê agahiyê bide ya ku ji te dipirsim.|rêz=1}}
# [[çare]], [[hel]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bersivek''' bo vê pirsgirêkê divê.}}
# [[bertek]], [[reaksiyon]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bersiva''' kurdan çi ye dijî şewitandina gundan ji alî hikûmetê ve?}}
# [[rakirin]]a [[telefon]]ê
#: {{nm|ku|Min deh car telefona wî lê daye lê '''bersivê''' nade.}}
# [[hevberî]], [[berdêl]], [[bedel]]
#: {{nm|ku|Rizgarbûna Kurdistanê tek '''bersiv''' e dijî polîtîkayên asîmîlasyonê.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌رسڤ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bersif
|bersîv
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bersiv dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bersiv xwestin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bersivdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bersivxwestin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bersivdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bersivandin
|bersivandî
|bersivder
|bersivderî
|bersivîner
|bersivînerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*paricáHwah}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}

* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|antwoord}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|përgjigje}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Antwort|m}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|каруу}}, {{W-|alt|јооп}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|መልስ}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܓ݂ܘܼܝܵܒ݂ܵܐ|tr=ḡuyāwā|n}}, {{W-|aii|ܓ̰ܘܼܘܵܒܵܐ|tr=juwābā|n}}
* {{Z|agj}}: {{W-|agj|መልስ|tr=mäls}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|apocrisi}}, {{W-|rup|apandisi}}, {{W-|rup|giuvapi|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|respuesta|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|жаваб}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|cavab}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|erantzun}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|яуап}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|адка́з|n}}, {{W-|be|во́дпаведзь|m}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|جواب|tr=jawáb}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|উত্তর}}, {{W+|bn|জবাব}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|simbag}}
* {{Z|bi}}: {{W-|bi|ansa}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|respont|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|о́тговор|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အဖြေ}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|харюу}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|жоп}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|odpověď|m}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|yankho}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|回答|tr=wui4 dap3}}, {{W-|yue|對答|tr=deoi3 dap3}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|хуэйда}}, {{W-|dng|җәвабу}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|回答|tr=huídá}}, {{W-|cmn|對答|tr=duìdá}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|татԓыӈ|tr=tatḷyṇ}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|svar|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|jawaban}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|جَوَاب|n}}, {{W-|ar|إِجَابَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|պատասխան}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|respondo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|vastus}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|lergre}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جواب|tr=javâb}}, {{W+|fa|پاسخ|tr=pâsox}}, {{W-|fa|پیواژ|tr=peyvâž}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|svar|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vastaus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|réponse|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|freagairt|m}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|cuvap}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|resposta|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌹|nt}}, {{W-|got|𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍃|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|જવાબ}}, {{W+|gu|ઉત્તર}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|პასუხი}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|repons}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|pane}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|tubag}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|जवाब|n}}, {{W+|hi|उत्तर|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|antwoord|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|תְּשׁוּבָה|m|tr=t'shuvá}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|respondo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|andwyrde|nt}}, {{W-|ang|andswaru|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|answer}}, {{W+|en|response}}, {{W+|en|reply}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|freagra|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|risposta|m}}
* {{Z|ivv}}: {{W-|ivv|atbay}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|svar|nt}}, {{W-|is|ans|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|答え|tr=こたえ, kotae}}, {{W+|ja|回答|tr=かいとう, kaitō}}, {{W+|ja|応答|tr=おうとう, ōtō}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|wales}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|jawab}}, {{W+|jv|wales}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|akissut}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|хәрү}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|pakibat}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|жауап}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|resposta|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жооп}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|대답}}, {{W-|ko|회답}}, {{W+|ko|응답}}, {{W+|ko|답변}}, {{W+|ko|답}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|gorthyp}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W+|co|risposta|m}}
* {{Z|kpy}}: {{W-|kpy|аӈъягыйӈын|tr=aŋyagəyŋən}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|жавап}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|responsum|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|atbilde|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຄຳຕອບ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|жаваб}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|rispósta}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|atsakymas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Äntwert|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|одговор|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഉത്തരം}}, {{W+|ml|മറുപടി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jawaban}}, {{W+|ms|jawapan}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|wieġeb|n}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|ansoor|n}}, {{W-|gv|freggyrt|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|whakautu}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|mbovai}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|válasz}}, {{W+|hu|felelet}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|respuosta|m}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|хариу}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Antwoort|m}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|явап}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|svar|nt}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|svar|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|svar|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|responsa|m}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|deebii}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|جاۋاب}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|javob}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|جواب|n|tr=ǰawãb}}, {{W+|ps|ځواب|n|tr=jwāb}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Auntwuat|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|odpowiedź|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|resposta|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жауап}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|răspuns|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|отве́т|n}}, {{W+|ru|о́тповедь|m}}
* Sardinian:
*: {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|rispòsta|m}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|vástádus}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|tubag}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|risposta|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|о̏дгово̄р|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ȍdgovōr|n}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|отъвѣтъ|n}}, {{W-|cu|отповѣдь|m}}, {{W-|cu|одповѣдь|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|odpoveď|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|odgovor|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|jawaab}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|respuesta|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|jibu}}, {{W+|sw|jawabu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|svar|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|жавоб}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sagot}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|பதில்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|คำตอบ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|జవాబు}}, {{W+|te|సమాధానం}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|cevap}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|җавап}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yanıt}}, {{W+|tr|cevap}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|jogap}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|харыы}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|جواب|n|tr=javāb}}, {{W+|ur|اتر|tr=uttar}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|ві́дповідь|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|trả lời}}, {{W-|vi|câu trả lời}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|baton}}, {{W-|war|tubag}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ateb}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ពាក្យឆ្លើយ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|эппиэт}}, {{W-|sah|харда}}, {{W-|sah|хоруй}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ענטפֿער|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|απάντηση|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀπόκρισις|m}}, {{W-|grc|ὑπόκρισις|m}}{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|answer|beş=Ev beşa Wergerê|oldid=75403131}}</text>
      <sha1>b3tv8hz5f41y22b5babebcxt9ez8wox</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hevîr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8338</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290940</id>
      <parentid>6096952</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290940</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6713" sha1="0tweivwczydzbgczki6qgbr76l3b7x6" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|hɛˈviːɾ}}
* {{kîte|ku|he|vîr}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hevîr|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Rundrivnabröd.jpg|thumb|Hevîr]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[ar|Ar]]ê ([[ard]]ê) ku [[têkil]]î nav [[av]]ê hatiye kirin daku hev [[girtin|bigire]] û [[paşî]] [[nan]] jê tê çêkirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Girikên '''hevîr'''î''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hevîr''' tiştê strandî ya ku ji tiştekî toz û avê pêk tê ye. Mînak hevîrê ard heye. Mirov hinek av bera ser ard dide û distrê. Ew dibe hevîr. Her wiha '''hevîrê''' heriyê, '''hevîrê''' garisan, hevîrê ceh û hin wekî din jî dibe.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Girt û ba [[tesnîm]]ê [[safî]] kir hevîr''&lt;br /&gt;''[[têkvedan|Têkveda]] heta ku ew qenc bû [[xemîr]]|[[w:Mela Hisênê Bateyî|Mela Hisênê Bateyî]]}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ev '''hevîr''' dê gelek avê [[vexwarin|vexwe]].|Ev [[arîşe]] an jî [[babet]] dê gelek dirêj be.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|هه‌ڤیر}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hevîr bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevîr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevîrbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevîrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevîrbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hevîrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hevîrî
|hevîrtirş
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|هه‌ویر|tr=hewîr}}, [[kurdiya başûrî]] ''[[xewîr]]'' / ''[[xemîr]]'', belûçî {{g|bal|همیر|tr=hemîr}}, zazakî ''[[mîr]]'', farisî {{g|fa|خمیر|tr=xemîr}}, ermenî [[խմոր]] (ximor), azerî [[xəmir]], tirkî [[hamur]]... hemû ji {{ji|ar|ku|خَمِير}} ji {{g|ar|خمر|tr=xemere|w=[[meyîn]], [[perçivîn]], [[pif]] bûn}} têkilî {{g|ar|خمر}} (xemr: [[mey]], [[vexwarin]]a [[meyandin|meyandî]] &gt; kurdî [[xemir]]) ji {{ji|arc}} yan jî [[hevreh]]a aramî [[חמע]] / [[ܚܡܥ]] (x-m-'-: [[meyîn]]), îbrî [[חמץ]] (x-m-ts-: [[meyîn]]) û herwiha erebî {{g|ar|حمض}} (ḥ-m-ḍ-: [[tirş]] bûn) ku serekaniya peyva kurdî [[havên]] e.

Bo diyardeya guherîna X bi H, bidin ber farisî {{g|fa|خشک|tr=xoşk}} û kurmancî ''[[hişk]]''. Hem &quot;hevîr&quot; û hem jî &quot;[[havên]]&quot; ev demekî gelek dirêj e ku di kurdî de cih girtiye ji ber ku ji sedsala 12an [[pz]] ve êdî M di kurmancî de nabe V.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[hewîr]]
* {{Z|zza}}: [[mîr]]
* {{Z|lki}}: [[hemîr]]
* {{Z|hac}}: [[hamîr]]
* {{Z|sdh}}: [[xewîr]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|brumë|m}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|ikʼan nastʼood}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Teig|n}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|arc|לישא|n|tr=layšā, layšo|sc=Hebr}}
*: Siryanî: {{W-|arc|ܠܝܫܐ|n|tr=layšā, layšo|sc=Syrc}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|aloat}}, {{W-|rup|aluat}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xəmir}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|ore}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ҡамыр|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|це́ста|nt}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|тесто́|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|မုန့်ညက်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|těsto|nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|麵團|tr=miàntuán}}, {{W+|cmn|生麵糰|tr=shēngmiàntuán}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|чуста}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|dej|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|adonan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عَجِين|n}}, {{W+|ar|عَجِينَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|عجين|n|tr=ʕagīn}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|عجينة|m|tr=ʕjina|cuda=عْجينة}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խմոր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|pasto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|taigen}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|خمیر|tr=xamir}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|deiggj|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|taikina}}, {{W+|fi|tahdas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|pâte|m}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|dii|nt}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Dee}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|daai|g}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|taois|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|masa|m}}, {{W+|gl|amoado|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌲𐍃|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ცომი|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|आटा|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|deeg|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|בָּצֵק|n|tr=batsék}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|pasto}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|dāg|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|dough}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|taos|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|pasta|m}}, {{W+|it|impasto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|deig|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|生地|tr=きじ, kiji}}, {{W+|ja|練り粉|tr=ねりこ, neriko}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|һуйр}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|pasta|m}}, {{W+|ca|massa|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|macka}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|камыр}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|떡}}, {{W+|ko|반죽}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|past|n}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|хамур|tr=xamur}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|farīna|m}}, {{W-|la|pasta|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|mīkla|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|tešla|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|тесто|nt}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|doh}}, {{W-|ms|anyu}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|pokenga}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|tészta}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|textli}}, {{W-|nci|tlaoltextli}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Deeg|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|deig|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|pasta|m}}, {{W+|oc|massa|m}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|خېمىر}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|xamir}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Dieech|n}}, {{W-|pdt|Däjch|n}}
* {{Z|pox}}: {{W-|pox|ťostü|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ciasto|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|massa|m}}, {{W+|pt|pasta|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|қамыр}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|xumer|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|aluat|nt}}, {{W+|ro|cocă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|те́сто|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|те̑сто|nt}}, {{W-|sh|тије̑сто}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|tȇsto|nt}}, {{W+|sh|tijȇsto|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|daich}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|тѣсто|nt}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⱅⱑⱄⱅⱁ|nt}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|тѣсто|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|cesto|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|testo|nt}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|śěsto|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|masa|m}}, {{W+|es|pasta|m}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ჴიც}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mahamri}}, {{W+|sw|kinyunya|c7|c8}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|deg|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|хамир}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|tapay}}, {{W-|tl|masa}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|aršti|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|โด}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|qamır}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|камыр}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hamur}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|hamyr}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སྤག}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ті́сто|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bột}}, {{W-|vi|bột nhồ}}, {{W-|vi|bột nhào}}, {{W-|vi|bột nhão}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|påsse|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|toes}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ម្សៅលាបទឹក|tr=msav liep tɨk|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yka}}: {{W-|yka|addun}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|טייג|nt}}
* {{Z|pnt}}: {{W-|pnt|ζυμάρι}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ζύμη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|σταῖς|nt}}, {{W-|grc|φύραμα|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|dough|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75429359}}

{{PH-nîşan|01/2012}}</text>
      <sha1>0tweivwczydzbgczki6qgbr76l3b7x6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>derzî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8342</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290941</id>
      <parentid>6280057</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290941</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9685" sha1="dt7wbczuojhwlcrhs9jw5jofjc5m7d1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|derzî|mê}}
[[Wêne:Needles (for sewing).jpg|thumb|çend derziyên dirûnê (1)]]
[[Wêne:Syringe with needle and needle cap.jpeg|thumb|derziya [[kutan]]ê (2)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[amûr|Amûr]]a [[dirûn]]ê ya [[zirav]] û [[dirêj]] ya ku [[serik]]ê wê [[tûj]] e û li [[dawî|dawiya]] wê [[kunik]]ek heye ku [[dezî]] tê re dikin û pê [[dirûn|didirûn]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[amûr|Amûr]]ek e ku serê wê wek derziya dirûnê tûj e û pê [[derman]]ên [[ruhn]] dikin [[demar]]an.
#: {{nm|ku|Dema doktor '''derzî''' li qalçeya zarrokî da, zarrok girî.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ده‌رزی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|derêzî}}
* {{g|ku|dirêzî}}
* {{g|ku|drêzî}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|dezî}}
* {{g|ku|terzî}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|şûjin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|derzî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|derzî dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|derzîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|derzîdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|derzîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|derzî|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|lki}}: {{W-|lki|derzî|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|hac}}: {{W-|hac|çenî|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|derzîne}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|агәыр}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|мастэ}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|naald}}
* {{Z|aho}}: {{W-|aho|𑜁𑜢𑜉𑜫}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|dagom}}
* {{Z|akz}}: {{W-|akz|chofisɬopòoli}}, {{W-|akz|chofistoolfa}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gjilpërë|m}}
* {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|nādala}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Nadel|m}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|ийне}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|መርፌ}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apj}}: {{W-|apj|awóoha}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|agulla}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|ac}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বেজী}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|aguya|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|рукӏкӏен}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ケㇺ|tr=kem}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|iynə}}, {{W-|az|qıyıq}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|orratz}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|энә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|іго́лка|m}}, {{W-|be|ігла́|m}}, {{W-|be|спі́ца|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|ছুঁচ}}, {{W-|bn|সূচী}}, {{W-|bn|সুই}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|dagom}}
* {{Z|bdk}}: {{W-|bdk|руб}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|игла́|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အပ်}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|зүүн}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|amejkisi}}
* {{Z|cbk}}: {{W-|cbk|aguja}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|маха}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|jehla|m}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏴᎩ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|singano}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|naaishtalhcho'wa'}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|針|tr=zam1}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|җын}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|針|tr=zhēn}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|針|tr=chiam}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|титиӈы}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|йӗп}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|juac|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|nål|g}}
* {{Z|egl}}: {{W-|egl|agåccia|m}}, {{W-|egl|gùcia|m}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|jarum}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|إِبْرَة|m}}, {{W+|ar|مِخْيَط|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|إبرة|m|tr=ʾebra}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ասեղ}}
*: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|ասեղն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|nadlo}}, {{W+|eo|kudrilo}}, {{W-|eo|injektilo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|nõel}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|инмэ̇}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|инмэ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سوزن|tr=suzan}}
* {{Z|ddg}}: {{W-|ddg|caruma}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|nál|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|neula}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|aiguille|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|gusiele}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Näddele|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|nuddel|g}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|snàthad|m}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|iinä}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|agulla|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌽𐌴𐌸𐌻𐌰|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|સોય}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ნემსი}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|zegwi}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W-|ha|allura}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|dagum}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सुई|m}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|dagum}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|koob}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|naald|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מַחַט|m|tr=mákhat}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|dagum}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|nǣdl|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|needle}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|neegla}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|маха}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|ragum}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|snáthaid|m}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|daxum}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|ago|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ago|n}}
* {{Z|itl}}: {{W-|itl|сыс}}
* {{Z|ivv}}: {{W-|ivv|dayem}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|nál|m}}, {{W-|is|saumnál|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|針|tr=はり, hari}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|dom}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|темн}}, {{W-|xal|зүн}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಸೂಜಿ}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|karayum}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|ийне|tr=iyne}}
* {{Z|kaa}}: {{W-|kaa|iyne}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|agulla|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|yawri}}
* {{Z|ket}}: {{W-|ket|иʼнь}}, {{W-|ket|иʼн}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ийне}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|කටුව}}, {{W-|si|සූචිය}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|바늘}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|ине|tr=ine}}
* {{Z|lld}}: {{W-|lld|odla|m}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|odota}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|acus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|adata|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ເຂັມ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|раб}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|adata|m}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|nõggõl}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|guggia|m}}, {{W-|lmo|gügia|m}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦃᦲᧄ}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|ragum}}
* {{Z|mkz}}: {{W-|mkz|ruma}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|игла|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|സൂചി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jarum}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|labra|m}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡠᠯᠮᡝ}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|dagum}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|mātuhi}}, {{W-|mi|uhi}}, {{W-|mi|ngira}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|ragom}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|सुई}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|tű}}, {{W+|hu|varrótű}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|зүү}}, {{W+|mn|тэвнэ}}
* {{Z|umu}}: {{W-|umu|ambiilaméekwaan}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|хурмэ}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|aco|n}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|tsah}}, {{W-|nv|tsah bee náʼálkadí}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|सुई}}
* {{Z|niv}}: {{W-|niv|нух}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|aidgulle|m}}, {{W-|nrf|aigùule|m}}, {{W-|nrf|edjulle|m}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|nál|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|nål|n|m}}, {{W-|nb|synål|n|m}}, {{W+|nb|pinne|n}}, {{W-|nb|strikkepinne|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|nål|m}}, {{W-|nn|synål|m}}, {{W-|nn|pinne|n}}, {{W-|nn|strikkepinn|n}}, {{W-|nn|strikkepinne|n}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|針}}, {{W-|ryu|鍼|tr=はーい, hāi}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|agulha|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଛୁଞ୍ଚି}}, {{W-|or|ସୂଚୀ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|lilimmoo}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|судзин}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|ایكنه|tr=iğne}}, {{W-|ota|ابره|tr=ibre}}, {{W-|ota|سوزن|tr=suzen}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|يىڭنە}}
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|ug|жиңнә}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|igna}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|sūci|m}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|angua}}, {{W-|pap|hangua}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|ستن|m|tr=stən}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Notel|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|igła|m}}, {{W+|pl|drut}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|agulha|m}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|ayculo}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਸੂਈ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ине}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|fuic}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|eg|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|guglia}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|ac|nt}}, {{W+|ro|andrea|m}}, {{W+|ro|undrea|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|игла́|m}}, {{W+|ru|иго́лка|m}}, {{W+|ru|спи́ца|m}}
* {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|neuˊll}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|सूची}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|àcu}}
* {{Z|sas}}: {{W-|sas|jarum}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|augghia|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ѝгла|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ìgla|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|ihla|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|igla|m}}, {{W-|sl|šivanka|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|irbbad}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|glicka|m}}, {{W-|dsb|gła|m}}, {{W-|dsb|jegła|m}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|jehła|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|aguja|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|sindano}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|nål|g}}, {{W+|sv|sticka|g}}, {{W+|sv|synål|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၶဵမ်}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|sindanu|c9|c10}}, {{W-|zdj|sindzanu|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|инге|tr=inge}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|сӯзан}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|karayom}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|ஊசி}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|isiyni|n}}, {{W-|rif|tisiyneft|m}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|jawm}}
* {{Z|blt}}: {{W-|blt|ꪹꪄꪸꪣ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เข็ม}}
* {{Z|tbl}}: {{W-|tbl|dalum}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సూది}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|iyne}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|энә}}, {{W+|tt|инә}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|daun}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|መርፍእ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|iğne}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|iňňe}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཁབ}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|ине}}
* {{Z|ude}}: {{W-|ude|иӈмэ}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سوئی|tr=su'ī}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|го́лка|m}}, {{W-|uk|спи́ця|m}}, {{W-|uk|дро́тик|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|gucia|m}}, {{W-|vec|guxela}}, {{W-|vec|ucia}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|kim}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|nad}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|nõglö}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|da-gum}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|nodwydd|m}}, {{W-|cy|gweyllen|m}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|іңе}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ម្ជុល}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|иннэ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|נאָדל|m}}, {{W-|yi|שפּילקע|m}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|abẹ́rẹ́}}
* {{Z|ykg}}: {{W-|ykg|муридьэ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|βελόνα|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|βελόνη|m}}, {{W-|grc|ῥαφίς|m}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|cim}}, {{W-|za|caemz}}, {{W-|za|chaem}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|needle|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875401}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# {{g|ku|derzî}}</text>
      <sha1>dt7wbczuojhwlcrhs9jw5jofjc5m7d1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>derzîdank</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8343</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290942</id>
      <parentid>6129896</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290942</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="613" sha1="6qeqafr5hx80fd7411mtge4vcvud4gt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|derzîdank|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|amûr}} Amûreke ku derzî tê de tê hilanîn.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Derzîdank''' dibe ku ji qutiyeke metal, darîn an jî lek were çêkirin, an jî wekî ku li gelek gundên Kurdistanê tê bikaranîn ji paç were çêkirin.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|derzî|-dank}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Nadelkissen|n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|جا سوزنی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|pincushion}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|iğnedenlik}}, {{W|tr|iğnelik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6qeqafr5hx80fd7411mtge4vcvud4gt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>xar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8344</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290943</id>
      <parentid>6289231</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:05:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290943</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3567" sha1="ne4pufhulk54r3tenoj53buh1htc044" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|xar|ẍar}}
* {{kîte|ku|xar}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|xar|mê}}
[[Wêne:Balls of glass.jpg|thumb|xar (1)]]
[[Wêne:Xara kevirzgal.jpg|thumb|xara kevirî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[tebel]], [[şaqûl]], [[morîk]], [[gog]]ên [[hûr]] yên bi [[gelemper]]î [[şûşe]]yî, [[dîndoq]] &lt;br&gt;(ku bi taybetî [[zarok]] pê [[lîstin|dilîzin]])
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Tê bîra min di zarokatiya min ya li gundekî Kurdistanê de rojekê keçikeke hevala min di destê xwe de kulmek morîk rijand erdê û got &quot;were em bi '''xaran''' bilîzin&quot;.|Nesrîn Rojkan: ''Dîroka morîka sor'', Netkurd.com, 6/2006}}
==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|xarane
|xarlîz
|xarlîzî
|xarvan
|xarvanî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku|
|ar
|bar
|car
|çar
|dar
|gar
|har
|jar
|lar
|mar
|nar
|par
|sar
|şar
|tar
|war
|zar
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}
Etîmolojiya peyva &quot;Xar&quot; ji Bezê(Bazdanê) tê; bingiha peyvê zaravê soranî ye, Xar=Bez, Xardan=Bazdan, Xarlîz=Lîstika xaran

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|murmel}} {{m}}, {{W-|de|kügelchen}} {{nt}}, {{W+|de|Dorn}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Kügelchen}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Murmel}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Stachel}} {{n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کج|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: (pieni) [[marmorikuula]]
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|bille|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|knikker}} {{n}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[marble]] (small spherical balls of rock or glass used in children's games), {{W+|en|agate}}, {{W+|en|smooth}}, {{W+|en|scurry|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|galloping|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|kliker}} {{n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: [[кликер]] {{m}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|la|kliker}} {{n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bilye}}, {{W+|tr|diken|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kafile|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|misket|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|zıpzıp|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{bend}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
[[Wêne:Horse-racing-3.jpg|thumb|xara hespan]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{maneid|ku|çargav}} [[çargav]], [[bez]]a [[hesp]]an
# {{maneid|ku|bez}} [[bez]], [[bazdan]], [[rev]]
#: {{nm|ku|Me kir '''xar'''.|Em bezîn / revîn.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=شێرزادی کرە '''غار''' بەرەڤ پشیکێ چۆ و پشیکێ کرە غار ژ جھەکی بۆ جھەکی ھەتا چوویە ل پشت دیوارەکی...|tr=Şêrzadî kire '''ẍar''' berev pişîkê ço û pişîkê kire ẍar ji cihekî bo cihekî heta çûye li pişt dîwarekî...|sc=ku-Arab|sernav=Bêrîvan û Hîvî (Çîrokêt Zarokan)|nivîskar=Leylan Îsmeîl|weşanxane=Çapxana Xanî|cih=Dihok|sal=2012|r=29}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|xwar}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|xar kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|xarkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|xarkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|xarî
|xarkar
|xarkarî
|xarker
|xarkerî
|xarvan
|xarvanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Dibe ku ji {{deyn|ar|ku|غارَة|ts=ẍare|w=êrîş}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Galopp|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|laukka}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|galop}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|gallop}}, to {{W+|en|run}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# ber bi jêr, {{binêre| xwar}}

=== Rengdêr 1 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# {{guherto|xwar}}

=== Rengdêr 2 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ji xwe çûyî
#: Di nav hevokê de bikaranîn:&lt;br&gt;''Nexweşê we çavê xwe venekir? Na, hîn '''xar''' e.''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|kok}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|kok}}
# {{f|kok|erdnîgarî}} [[bajar#ku|bajar]]

== {{ziman|wo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|wo}}
# {{f|wo|heywan}} {{g|ku|pez}}, {{g|ku|mî}}, {{g|ku|mih}}</text>
      <sha1>ne4pufhulk54r3tenoj53buh1htc044</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dirûv</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8364</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290944</id>
      <parentid>6096187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290944</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2038" sha1="akipwa2t659chs7s68frvq3idon8sfp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dirûv|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[form]], [[şikil]], [[wêne]], [[rism]], [[foto]], [[eks]], [[fotograf]], [[şêwaz]], [[teşe]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...'''dirûvê''' însanan qet bi wî zilamî nakeve!|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=15}}}}
# [[rewş]], [[kavdan]], [[barûdox]], [[hal]], [[weziyet]], [[zirûf]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dirûvê''' me li Iraqê ne xweş bû, em anîne Almanyayê, '''dirûvê''' me li vira li Iraqê xweştir e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|درووڤ}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dirûv dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dirûvdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Dibe ji {{deyn|ar|ku|ضُرُوب}}, pirrjimara {{q|ar|ضرب|tr=ḍerb|w=jenîn, lê dan; [[dirb]]}}, pêşî bi ramana {{q|ku|dax}}, paşê hemû şikilan. Nê herwihan bide ber {{q|ku|dirh}}.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: [[dirûb]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Aussehen|n}}, {{W|de|Beschaffenheit|f}}, {{W|de|Form|f}}, {{W|de|Zustand|m}}, {{W|de|Fasson|m|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Gebilde|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|صيغة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|علامة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|صورت}}, {{W+|fa|فرم}}, {{W+|fa|نشانه}}, {{W+|fa|علامت}}, {{W+|fa|سیما}}, {{W+|fa|چهره}}, {{W+|fa|سلاله}}, {{W+|fa|ریخت}}, {{W+|fa|نشان}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|shape}}, {{W+|en|brand}}, {{W+|en|oid}}, {{W+|en|figure}}, {{W+|en|form}}, {{W+|en|pattern}}, {{W+|en|pronunciatory}}, (2) {{W|en|situation}}, {{W|en|condition}}, {{W|en|status}}, {{W|en|position}}, {{W+|en|clue|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|confutation|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|substantiation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|contexture|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|andırış}}, {{W+|tr|biçim}}, {{W+|tr|desen}}, {{W+|tr|form}}, {{W+|tr|forma}}, {{W+|tr|format}}, {{W+|tr|misil}}, {{W+|tr|benzer}}, {{W+|tr|çehre}}, {{W+|tr|vaziyet}}, {{W+|tr|görünüm}}, {{W+|tr|eşkal}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>akipwa2t659chs7s68frvq3idon8sfp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dereng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8399</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290945</id>
      <parentid>6253478</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290945</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7547" sha1="obipeclzfc6ekft85nl8vjp1nod41i7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/dɛˈɾɛŋɡ/}}
* {{kîte|ku|de|reng}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|dereng}}
[[Wêne:Calsbad-late-night.jpg|thumb|'''Derengî''' şevê dinya tarî ye.]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[piştî|Piştî]] dema [[pêdivî]] yan [[asayî]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|texîr|gîro|wexiran}}
#: {{dijmane|ku|zû}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''dereng''' bûm.|dereng hatin/man/ketin|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Civînê '''dereng''' vekêşa.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bûye '''derengî''' şevê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Payiza '''dereng'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Weh ko bê şahid û mehbûbê te 'umrê xwe biwar&lt;/br&gt;Karikê rabe bike weqt e ko êvar e '''dereng'''&lt;/br&gt;Berê meqsûdê ji tobê negirîn me'lûm e}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ده‌ره‌نگ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|direng
|dreng
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|taloq}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dereng bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dereng kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dereng man&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|derengmanî
|dereng xistin
|derengbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|derengkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|derengman&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|derengxistin
|derengketin
|derengbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|derengkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|derengmayî
|derengî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*del-|w=dirêj}}, {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*derge-}} û {{q|ira-pro|*dergent-}}, [[hevreh]]a kurmancî {{q|ku|dirêj}}, [[hevreh]]a zazakî {{q|zza|erey}}, farisî {{g|fa|درنگ|tr=direng}}, soranî {{g|ckb|درەنگ|tr=direng}}. Herwiha hevreha {{g|sa|दीर्घ|tr=dîrghe|w=dirêj}} ya sanskrîtî, {{g|hit||tr=delukî}} ya hîtîtî, {{g|ru|долгий|tr=dolgiy}} ya rusî, {{g|grc|δολιχός|tr=dolixos|w=dirêj}} ya yûnaniya kevn, {{q|la|longus|w=dirêj; dûr}} ya latînî, {{q|fr|long|w=dirêj}} ya fransî û îngilîzî, {{q|de|lang]] ya almanî, {{q|sv|lång}} ya swêdî... Bo nimûneyên din binere: {{q|ku|dirêj}}.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* Soranî: {{g|ckb|درەنگ}}, {{g|ckb|دێر}}
* Zazakî: {{g|zza|berey}}, {{g|zza|erey}}, {{g|zza|erê}}, {{g|zza|herê}}, {{g|zza|herey}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|laat}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|vonë|cuda=i vonë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|spät}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|соҥ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|tãrdzãu}}, {{W-|rup|tãrdziu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|gec}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һуң|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|по́зні|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|къ́сен|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|နှောင်း}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|pozdní}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|晚|tr=wǎn}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|遲|tr=dì}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|tierč}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|sen}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُتَأَخِّر}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ուշ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دیر|tr=dir}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|síðla}}, {{W-|fo|seint}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|myöhäinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|tard}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|leet}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|ta}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|देर}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|laat}}, {{W+|nl|late}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מאוחר|tr=m'ukhár|cuda=מאוחר \ מְאֻחָר}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|læt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|late}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|tarde}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tardo}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|seint|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|晩い|tr=おそい, osoi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|tard}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|кеч|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|늦다}}
* {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|tar}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|tardus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|vēls}}, {{W-|lv|sebu}}, {{W-|lv|sebs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຊ້າ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|vėlus|n}}, {{W-|lt|vėlyvas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|доцен|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|lambat}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|késő}}, {{W+|hu|késői}}, {{W+|hu|kései}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|laat}}, {{W-|nds|loot}}
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|late}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|sein}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|kech}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|późny|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|tarde}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|кеш|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|tard}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|târziu}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|по́здний}}
* {{Z|slr}}: {{W-|slr|uda}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|taldu}}, {{W-|sc|tardu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ка̏сан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|kȁsan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|neskorý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|pôzen}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|tarde}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sen}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дер}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สาย}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|geç}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|giç}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دیر|tr=der|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|пі́зній|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|muộn}}, {{W+|vi|trễ}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|tård}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|យឺត}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שפּעט}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αργά}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|late|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75404507}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[piştî]] [[dem]]eke [[diyarkirî]], ne [[di dema xwe de]], ne [[li dema xwe]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|direng}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|laat}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|spät}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|кеч}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|ntardu}}, {{W-|rup|tardu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|gec}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berandu}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һуң|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|по́зна|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|দেরী|tr=derī}}, {{W-|bn|দিরঙ্গ|tr=dirôṅgô}}, {{W+|bn|দেরেঙ্গ|tr=dereṅgô}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|къ́сно}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|pozdě}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|晚|tr=wǎn}}, {{W+|cmn|遲|tr=chí}}, {{W-|cmn|遲到|tr=chídào}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|迟|tr=di}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|sen}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُتَأَخِّرًا}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|malfrue}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|hilja}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دیر|tr=dir}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|myöhä|cuda=myöhään}}, {{W+|fi|myöhä|cuda=myöhässä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|tard}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|tart}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გვიან}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|देर|cuda=देर से}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|laat}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|tarda}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|late}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|late}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tardi}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|seinn}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|遅刻|tr=ちこくに, chikoku ni|cuda=遅刻に|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|遅い|tr=おそく, osoku|cuda=遅く|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|tard}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|늦다}}, {{W-|ko|지각하다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|sērō}}, {{W+|la|tarde}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|vēlu}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|vėlai}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|доцна|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|későn}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|síðla}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|tard}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|późno}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|tarde}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|кеш|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|târziu}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|по́здно}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ка̏сно}}, {{W-|sh|позно}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|kȁsno}}, {{W+|sh|pozno}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|neskoro}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pôzno}}
* {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|pózdźe}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|tarde}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sent}}, {{W+|sv|för sent}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|ఆలస్యంగా|sc=Telu}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|geç}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دیر|tr=der se|cuda=دیر سے|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|пі́зно|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|យឺតពេល|tr=yɨɨt peil|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שפּעט}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αργά}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ὀψέ}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|late|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75404507}}</text>
      <sha1>obipeclzfc6ekft85nl8vjp1nod41i7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>piştî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8401</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290946</id>
      <parentid>6231014</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290946</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6941" sha1="s8ntywvnco9d2mvccmj5hxf32fej2l9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* (''Hoker'') {{ku-IPA|&quot;piştî}}
:* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-piştî.wav|Deng|Wan}}
# (''Navdêr'') {{ku-IPA|piştî}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|ku}}
# [[dereng]]tir ji tiştekê/î
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''piştî''' wî hatim.|Ew berî min hat. Ew hat û paşî ez hatim.|rêz=1}}
# li [[dû]], li [[pey]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''piştî''' te ye.|Ew li dû te ye. Ew li pey te ye.|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
* ''(Lêker)'' [[piştî kirin]]
* ''(Navdêr)'' [[piştîkirin]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|pişt|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|li pey, li dûv}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|иуж}}, {{W-|ady|иужым}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mbas}}, {{W+|sq|pas}}, {{W+|sq|pasi}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|hinterher}}, {{W+|de|darauf}}, {{W+|de|nachdem}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|sonra}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বাদে}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|зад}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|yajtikini}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|potom}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|之後|tr=zi1 hau6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|以后|tr=yǐhòu}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|dapú}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|efter}}, {{W+|da|senere}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|بعد|tr=baʕda}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بَعَد|tr=baʕad}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հետո}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|پس از}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|myöhemmin}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|après}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|daspò}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|ätter}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|nei}}

* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|an dèidh sin}}, {{W-|gd|an dèidh làimhe}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|despois}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|შემდეგ}}, {{W-|ka|შემდგომ}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|na}}, {{W+|nl|achter}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|pose}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|after}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|tar éis}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|duopo}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|poi}}, {{W+|it|dopo}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|eftir}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|més tard}}, {{W+|ca|després}}, {{W+|ca|acabat}}, {{W+|ca|en acabat}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|kar kỹ}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|다음|cuda=다음-에}}, {{W+|ko|앞|cuda=앞-으로}}
* {{Z|lou}}: {{W-|lou|apré}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|pēc}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|nodeem}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ശേഷം}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|utána}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|appriesso}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|achterher}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|senere}}, {{W+|no|etterpå}}, {{W+|no|etter}}
* {{Z|css}}: {{W-|css|itsa}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|ishkwaa-}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|après}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|potem}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|depois}}
* Punjabi:
*: Şahmuxî: {{W-|pa|مَگروں}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|după}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|по́сле}}, {{W+|ru|пото́м}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|пак}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|maŋŋá}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|पश्चात्|tr=paścā́t}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|dopu}}, {{W+|scn|doppu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по̏сле}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|pȍsle}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|efter}}, {{W-|sco|eftir}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|potom}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|kaddib}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|después}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|baada}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|efter}}, {{W+|sv|senare}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ဝၢႆး}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หลัง}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sonra}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|bihain}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|dapò}}
* {{Z|wbk}}: {{W-|wbk|potom}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|après}}, {{W+|wa|padrî}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κατόπιν}}, {{W+|el|ύστερα}}, {{W+|el|έπειτα}}
{{werger-bin}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|after|oldid=75478953|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[bar]]ê ku mirov bi [[pişt]]ê [[hilgirtin|hildigirin]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Piştiyek''' giran li pişta xwe kir.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|piştî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piştîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|pişt|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|barê li pişta mirov}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Last|m}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|sartsinã|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বোজা}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|yük}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|йөк}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|груз|n}}, {{W-|be|цяжа́р|n}}
* {{Z|bqi}}: {{W-|bqi|بار|tr=bâr}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|това́р|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|náklad|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|擔子|tr=dànzi}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|last|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حِمْل|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|حمل|n|tr=ḥeml}}, {{W-|arz|احمال|m-p|tr=aḥæːmll}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|բեռ}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|koorem}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بار|tr=bâr}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuorma}}, {{W+|fi|taakka}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|fardeau|n}}, {{W+|fr|cargaison|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ტვირთი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|बोझ|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|last|n}}, {{W+|nl|gewicht|nt}}
* {{Z|ibg}}: {{W-|ibg|lugan}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|hlæst|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|burden}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|koorma}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|luxan}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|carico|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|荷物|tr=にもつ, nimotsu}}, {{W+|ja|荷|tr=に, ni}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|càrrega|m}}, {{W+|ca|fardell|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жүк}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|짐}}, {{W+|ko|바리}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|onus|nt}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|ппар}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|товар|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|utanga}}, {{W-|mi|wahanga}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|teher}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|ачаа}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|last|n|m}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|يۈك}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yuk}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Lod|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ciężar|n}}, {{W+|pl|obciążenie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fardo|n}}, {{W+|pt|carga|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жүк}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲁⲃⲓⲛ|n|tr=ɑouin}}, {{W-|cop|ⲁⲟⲩⲓⲛ|n|tr=ɑouin}}, {{W-|cop|ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛ|n|tr=ɑuain}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|sarcină|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|груз|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|भार|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|то̀вар|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|tòvar|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|náklad|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|tovor|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|carga}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mzigo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|last|g}}, {{W+|sv|börda|g}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|юк}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|бор}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|بار|tr=bâr}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|భారము}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|йөк}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yük}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýük}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|perpette}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|ванта́ж|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|បន្ទុក}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|вор}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φορτίο|nt}}, {{W+|el|βάρος|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|φόρημα|nt}}, {{W-|grc|ἄχθος|nt}}{{werger-bin}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|load|oldid=75266649|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|Ûrmiye}} [[berpal]], [[palik]], tişta ku [[pal dan|pala xwe didinê]] û ji [[balgih]] [[reqtir]] e û [[piranî]] [[form]]a [[çargoşe]] heye.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشتی}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>s8ntywvnco9d2mvccmj5hxf32fej2l9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>asayî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290947</id>
      <parentid>6235524</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290947</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1598" sha1="e2xypirk6ll63o5b71azjkvvar7iayh" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|asayî}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[normal]], [[edetî]], [[adî]],&lt;br&gt;ne [[taybet]], ne [[xas]],&lt;br&gt; ne [[ecêb]], ne [[xerîb]], ne [[nedîtî]], ne [[seyr]], ne [[sosret]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Asayî''' bûna herêmê u çend sedemekan vedgeriyêt.}}
# [[hêmin]], [[aram]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|asan
|hêsa
|hêsan
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|asayî bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|asayî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|asayîbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|asayîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|asayîbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|asayîkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|asayîş
|asayîşî
|asayîtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
* Ji {{paş|ku|asa|-yî}}

{{kontrolWerger}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|durchschnittlich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Gelassenheit|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|إعتیادي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|امنیتی}}, {{W-|fa|آسایشی}}, {{W+|fa|عادی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ordinary}}, {{W+|en|regular}}, {{W+|en|usual}}, {{W+|en|simple}}, {{W+|en|common}}, {{W-|en|runofthemill}}, {{W+|en|ease}}, {{W+|en|normo-}}, {{W+|en|mediterranean sea}}, {{W+|en|run-of-the-mill}}, {{W+|en|commonplace}}, {{W+|en|conventional|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|homely|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|mediocre|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|regulable|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|supernormal|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wonted|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alelâde}}, {{W+|tr|olağan}}, {{W+|tr|olur şey}}, {{W+|tr|kolaylık}}, {{W+|tr|normal}}, {{W+|tr|mutat|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|basit|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>e2xypirk6ll63o5b71azjkvvar7iayh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>civat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8420</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290948</id>
      <parentid>6236133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290948</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2719" sha1="bso7j7zpv0csnpom3rru5w1nxcsn7d7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-civat.wav|Deng|Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|civat|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kom|Komek]] [[mirov]]an ya li hev [[civîn|dicive]] anku [[kom]] dibe û [[suhbet]]ê dike yan [[biryar]]an dide.
#: {{hevmane|ku|meclis}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Civata''' parêzgeha Dihokê evroke kom bû.}}
# [[civak|Civak]], hemî mirovên ji [[çande]]yekê yan li [[welat]]ekî.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جڤات}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|cemaat
|cemaet
|cema'at
|cema'et
|cemait
|cema'it
|cimaat
|cima'at
|cimaet
|cima'et
|cimait
|cima'it
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|civak
|koçk
|komele
|sosyete
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|civatî
|civatdost
|civatdostî
|civathez
|civathezî
|civatyar
|civatyarî
|civat bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|civat kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|civatbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|civatkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|civatbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|civatkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji [[cimat]] ji [[cemaet]] ji {{deyn|ar|ku|جَمَاعَة}}, têkilî [[civandin]], [[civîn]] û [[civak]]. Bo guherîna M bi V, bidin ber [[nav]], [[gav]], [[dav]]. 

==== Dûnde ====
* {{dû|ckb|جڤات&lt;tr:civat&gt;|deyn=1}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gemeinde|m}}, {{W+|de|Gesellschaft|m}}, {{W+|de|Leute|n}}, {{W+|de|Zusammenkunft|m}}, {{W+|de|Umgegend|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|اجتماع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|العنق|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الغاط|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الكثف|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الندوة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الندي|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهدالة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهدملة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوهط|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مجلس|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|محفل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مقامة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اجتماع}}, {{W+|fa|جماعت}}, {{W+|fa|جامعه}}, {{W+|fa|انجمن}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|société}}, {{W+|fr|communauté}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|community}}, {{W+|en|company}}, {{W+|en|people}}, {{W+|en|society}}, {{W+|en|legislature}}, {{W+|en|denomination}}, {{W+|en|council}}, {{W+|en|congregation|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|consortium|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|seance|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|session|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|church|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|collegium|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|collective|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|league|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|sbond|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alem}}, {{W+|tr|camia}}, {{W+|tr|cemaat}}, {{W+|tr|cemiyet}}, {{W+|tr|cumhur}}, {{W+|tr|ehil}}, {{W+|tr|kongre}}, {{W+|tr|konsey}}, {{W+|tr|meclis}}, {{W+|tr|şûra}}, {{W+|tr|topluluk}}, {{W+|tr|zümre}}, {{W+|tr|toplum}}, {{W+|tr|kurul}}, {{W+|tr|sosyete}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bso7j7zpv0csnpom3rru5w1nxcsn7d7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tazî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8529</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290949</id>
      <parentid>6262407</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290949</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12018" sha1="izqoukljuoggsr4sijt612ruddd9skz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{beş|Rengdêr}} {{IPA|ku|/tˤɑ:'zi:/}}, طازی
** {{beş|Rengdêr}}: {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-tazî (Rengdêr).wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{beş|Navdêr 1}} {{IPA|ku|/tʰɑ:'zi:/}}, تازی
* {{beş|Navdêr 2}} {{IPA|ku|/tʰɑ:'zi:/}}, تازی
* {{beş|Navdêr 2}}: {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-tazî (Navdêr 2).wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
[[Wêne:William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_(1825-1905)_-_Seated_Nude_(1884).jpg|thumb|Jinek li erdê '''tazî''' rûniştiye.]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm}} û {{bilêv|z|stûr}}
# [[bêcil|Bêcil]], [[rûs]], [[rût]], ti cil li ber ne, ti cil lê ne.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Hemûwan dê ker bi ker kit&lt;/br&gt;Taziyê uryan im ez&lt;/br&gt;Perde çû ez mame '''tazî'''}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|çîptazî
|tazîtî
|tazî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tazî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tazîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tazîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tazîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tazîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha farisî {{g|fa|تازی}} (tazî: 1. tajî 2. [[talanker]], [[şelîner]]), pehlewî ''tazîk'', têkilî ''-taz-'' ku rehê dema niha ji lêkera ''texten'' ([[bezîn]], [[bazdan]]) e, avestayî ''tek-, teçeyti-'' ([[bezîn]], [[lezîn]]) û ''teke-'' ([[robar]], [[herik]]), osetî [[тæх]] (tex: [[beza]]), sanskrîtî [[तक्ति]] (tekti-), slaviya kevn [[тєшти]] (têşti: [[herikîn]]), rusî [[течь]] (têçi), sirboxirwatî [[teći]] / [[те̏ћи]], yûnaniya kevn [[ταχύς]] (taxûs: [[bilez]], [[beza]]), sekeyî/skîtî ''teke-'' ([[beza]]; [[xurt]]), latviyayî [[čakls]] ([[zîrek]]), almanî û holendî [[dienen]] ([[xizmet]] kirin, &quot;di xizmeta kesekî de bezîn/[[lezîn]]&quot;), swêdî [[tjäna]] ([[xizmet]] kirin), îngilîzî [[thew]] ([[xulam]] - êdî nayê bikaranîn) hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} * [[tekʷ-]] ([[lezîn]], [[bezîn]]). Ji eynî rehî herwiha: [[tajî]], [[taze]], [[teze]], [[tacik]] û belkî [[tezî]] û [[çist]]. [[tazı|Tazı]] ya tirkî ji zimanekî îranî hatiye wergirtin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|аҟьантаз}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|пцӏанэ}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|naak}}, {{W+|af|kaal}}, {{W-|af|kaalbas}}, {{W-|af|nakend}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|oba}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|lakuriq}}, {{W+|sq|cull}}, {{W-|sq|gollomësh}}
* {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|nackot}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|nackt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|নাঙঠ}}, {{W-|as|উদং}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|desnudu}}, {{W-|ast|desvistíu}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|гӏицӏаб}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|çılpaq}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|biluzi}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|шәрә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|го́лы}}, {{W-|be|нагі́}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|উদলা}}, {{W+|bn|উলঙ্গ}}, {{W+|bn|নগ্ন}}, {{W-|bn|বিবস্ত্র}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|hubang pulos}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|noazh}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|гол}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|kolochoshko}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|дерзина}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|nahý|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏰᎸᎭᎢ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|[[冇]][[著衫]]}}, {{W-|yue|[[冇]][[着衫]]|tr=mou5 zoek3 saam1}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|赤裸|tr=chìluǒ}}, {{W+|cmn|裸|tr=luǒ}}, {{W+|cmn|裸體|tr=luǒtǐ}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|noid}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|nøgen}}, {{W+|da|bar}}, {{W-|da|blottet}}, {{W-|da|splitternøgen}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|nakun}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|telanjang}}, {{W+|id|bogel}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عُرْيَان}}, {{W-|ar|عَارٍ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|عريان|tr=ʕaryān}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|عُرْيان|n|tr=ʕuryān}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|عريان|n|tr=ʕaryān}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|عريان|tr=ʕaryān}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|մերկ}}, {{W+|hy|տկլոր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|nuda}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|paljas}}, {{W+|et|alasti}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|дьулаккан}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|дюлакин}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|لخت|tr=loxt}}, {{W+|fa|برهنه|tr=berahne}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|nakin}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|alaston}}, {{W+|fi|alasti}}, {{W+|fi|kelteisillään}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|nu}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|crot}}, {{W-|fur|nûd}}, {{W-|fur|nût}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|neaken}}, {{W-|fy|bleat}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|lomnochd}}, {{W-|gd|rùisgte}}, {{W-|gd|lom}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|espido|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌽𐌰𐌵𐌰𐌸𐍃}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|შიშველი}}, {{W-|ka|ტიტველი}}, {{W-|ka|დედიშობილა}}, {{W-|ka|ტანჩაუცმელი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|नंगा}}, {{W+|hi|नग्न}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|naakt}}, {{W+|nl|bloot}}, {{W+|nl|ongekleed}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|nackich}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|עירום|tr=eróm}}, {{W+|he|ערום|tr=aróm/arúm}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|nacod}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|naked}}, {{W+|en|nude}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|верзан}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|nocht}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|nudo}}, {{W+|it|ignudo|n}}, {{W+|it|svestito|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|nakinn}}, {{W+|is|ber}}, {{W-|is|allsber}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|裸|tr=はだか, hadaka|cuda=裸}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|wuda}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|wuda}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|пцӏанэ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|despullat}}, {{W+|ca|nu}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|q'ara}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жылаңач}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|벌거벗은}}, {{W+|ko|벌거벗다}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|noth}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|dezbragado}}, {{W-|lad|desnudo}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|plyks}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|nudus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|kails}}, {{W+|lv|pliks}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເປືອຍ}}, {{W-|lo|ປະເປືອຍ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|nuogas}}, {{W-|lt|plikas}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|biott}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|гол}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|telanjang}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|mikxuf}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|lhome}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tahanga}}, {{W-|mi|kirikau}}, {{W-|mi|hahake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|नागडा|n}}, {{W-|mr|नागडी|m}}, {{W-|mr|नागडे|nt}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|meztelen}}, {{W+|hu|csupasz}}, {{W+|hu|pucér}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|нүцгэн}}, {{W+|mn|шалдан}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ}}, {{W-|mn|ᠱᠠᠯᠳᠠᠩ}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|naakd}}, {{W-|nds|naked}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|nakinn|n}}, {{W-|non|berr|n}}, {{W-|non|naktr|n}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|naken}}
* {{Z|nys}}: {{W-|nys|balak}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W-|oc|desnut}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ନଗ୍ନ}}, {{W+|or|ଲଙ୍ଗଳା}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|бӕгънӕг}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|يالىڭاچ}}, {{W+|ug|ئوچۇق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yalangʻoch}}, {{W+|uz|ochiq}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|بربنډ|tr=barbanḍ}}, {{W+|ps|لوڅ|tr=luś}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|noaktich}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|nagi}}, {{W+|pl|goły}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|nu}}, {{W+|pt|pelado}}, {{W+|pt|despido}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жалаңаш}}, {{W-|kk|тыржалаңаш}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|nud}}
* Romani:
*: {{Z|rmf}}: {{W-|rmf|nango}}, {{W-|rmf|uutan koola}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|dezbrăcat}}, {{W+|ro|gol}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|го́лый}}, {{W+|ru|наго́й}}, {{W+|ru|обнажённый}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|telefua}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|nu}}, {{W-|sc|nuu}}, {{W-|sc|nuo}}, {{W-|sc|nudu}}, {{W-|sc|nutu}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|nudu}}, {{W+|scn|nuru}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|го}}, {{W-|sh|гол}}, {{W-|sh|наг}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|go}}, {{W+|sh|gol}}, {{W+|sh|nag}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|нагъ}}, {{W-|cu|голъ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|nahý}}, {{W-|sk|holý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|gol|n}}, {{W+|sl|nag|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|nagi}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|nahi|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|desnudo}}, {{W+|es|en cueros}}, {{W+|es|en pelota}}, {{W+|es|en pelotas}}, {{W+|es|en bolas}}, {{W+|es|bichi}}, {{W-|es|calancho}}, {{W+|es|calato}}, {{W+|es|chingo}}, {{W-|es|chulón}}, {{W+|es|chuto}}, {{W+|es|llucho}}, {{W+|es|pilucho}}, {{W+|es|viringo}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|uchi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|naken}}, {{W+|sv|bar}}, {{W+|sv|blottad}}, {{W+|sv|avklädd}}, {{W+|sv|näck}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|бараҳна}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|hubo at hubad}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ล่อนจ้อน|tr=lôn-jôn}}, {{W-|th|โล้งโต้ง|tr=lóhng-dtôhng}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|molik}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çıplak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýalanaç}}, {{W-|tk|ýalaňaç}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|telefua}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|чанагаш}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|ننگا|tr=naṅgā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|го́лий}}, {{W-|uk|наги́й}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|nuo}}, {{W-|vec|desnù}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|khoả thân}}, {{W+|vi|trần truồng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|nüdik}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|noeth}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|ntswempu}}, {{W-|xh|ze}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|נאַקעט}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γυμνός}}, {{W+|el|τσιτσίδι|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|γυμνός}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|nqunu}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|naked|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75876136}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{bilêv|t|req}} û {{bilêv|z|zirav}}
# [[rêûresm|Rêûresm]]a [[binaxkirin]]a kesek [[mirî]], [[xemgînî|xemgîniya]] bo kesek [[mirî]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|behî|şînî|sersaxî|serxwaşî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gundî hemû hatibûna '''taziya''' malbata kesê şehîdbûyî.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|taziye}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|تازی}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|تَعْزِيَة‎}} ji {{g|ar|عزاء|tr='ezai}}. Guherîna &quot;e'&quot; (e+[[eyn]]) bi &quot;a&quot; di peyvên ji erebî wergirtî de di kurdî de [[diyarde]]yeke [[asayî]] ye. Ketina &quot;-ye&quot; ya nîşana [[zayend]]a [[mê]] ji peyvên ji erebî wergirtî di kurdî de ew jî [[fenomen]]eke [[tîpîk]] e.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: pirse, rrêwrresmî meyt

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kondolenz|m}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|спачува́нне|nt}}
* Berberî:
*: {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi||tr=afcad|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|съболе́знования|nt-p}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|kondolence|m}}, {{W-|cs|soustrast|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|哀悼}}, {{W-|cmn|吊慰}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|kondolence|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|تَأْسِيَّة|m}}, {{W-|ar|تَعْزِيَّة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ցավակցություն}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|kaastunne}}, {{W-|et|kaastundeavaldus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|osanotto}}, {{W+|fi|surunvalittelu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|condoléances|m-p}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|condoleance|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|condolences}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|condoglianze}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|悔やみ|tr=おくやみ, okuyami|cuda=お悔やみ}}, {{W+|ja|哀悼|tr=あいとう, aitō}}, {{W+|ja|弔意|tr=ちょうい, chōi}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|애도}}, {{W+|ko|조의}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|részvét}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|kondolanse|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|kondolencje|m-p}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|condolência|m}}, {{W+|pt|pêsame|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|condoleanțe|m-p}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|соболе́знование|nt}}, {{W+|ru|соболе́знования|nt-p}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|kondolencia|m}}, {{W-|sk|sústrasť|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|pésame}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kondoleans|g}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|hingaba}}, {{W-|tl|paghihingaba}}, {{W-|tl|pakikiramay}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|başsağlığı}}, {{W+|tr|taziye}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|співчуття́|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|condolences|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75435192}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm}} û {{bilêv|z|stûr}}
# {{f|ku|kevn}} [[ereb|Ereb]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bikaranîn ====
* Tenê di hinek klasîkan de, bi taybetî Ehmedê Xanî

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha farisî {{g|fa|تازی|tr=tâzi|w=ereb}}, pehlewî ''tāzīgān''. Ji navê eşîra ereb a 'Tayy, bide ber aramî {{g|arc|ܛܝܝܐ|tr='teyyaya|w=ereb}}. {{cotreh|ku|tacîk}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|ereb}}</text>
      <sha1>izqoukljuoggsr4sijt612ruddd9skz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rût</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8540</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290950</id>
      <parentid>6262401</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290950</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2652" sha1="jdpxwjt4k3qlcxbincauvcqx51xqwoy" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-rût.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|rût}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ti tişt pê ve ne.
#: {{nm|ku|Dara '''rût'''.|dara bê [[çeq]] yan [[çilû]]|rêz=1}}
# [[bêcil|Bêcil]], [[rûs]], [[tazî]], [[çîplaq]], [[cil]] li ber ne, [[cil]] lê ne.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Ti tişt ne.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[miflis|Miflis]], kesa/ê ku [[pare]] nemane yan nînin.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''rût''' kirim.|Hemî pareyên min birin.|rêz=1}}
# Ji bo seriyê bêpor. Devera ku lê riwek nîn in.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rwît
|rît&lt;pos:2&gt;
|rut
|rîs
}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|rûs}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rût bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rût kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rûtbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rûtkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rûtbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rûtkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rûtî
|rut û ripal
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha {{q|ku|rûs}}, [[hevreh]]a soranî {{g|ckb|ڕووت|tr=rût}}, farisî {{g|fa|روت|tr=rût}}, {{g|fa|رت|tr=rut}}, {{g|fa|روده|tr=rûde/rûdê}}, {{g|fa|لوت|tr=lût}}, {{g|fa|روخ|tr=rûx}}, {{g|fa|لخت|tr=loxt}}, peştûyî {{g|ps|لوڅ|tr=lûts}}, ji {{ji|ira|ku|-}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}} : {{W+|de|bloß}}, {{W+|de|kahl}}, {{W+|de|schlüpfrig}}, {{W+|de|unbekleidet}}, {{W-|de|unverhüllt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عاري}}, {{W-|ar|الأجرد}}, {{W-|ar|الأمرد|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الأمرط|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|أنجى|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|جعر|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|جعس|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|أحدث|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|خبخب|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|خرئ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|سلح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|نجا|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|ونم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}} : {{W+|fa|برهنه}}, {{W+|fa|عاری}}, {{W+|fa|عریان}}, {{W+|fa|لخت}}, {{W+|fa|ندار}}, {{W-|fa|بی پول}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|hairless}}, {{W+|en|unadorned}}, {{W+|en|unclad}}, {{W+|en|unclothed}}, {{W+|en|bald}}, {{W+|en|bare}}, {{W+|en|superstition}}, {{W+|en|barren|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|impecunious|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|starveling|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|stripped|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|undressed|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|unfledged|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|denudate|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|insolvent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|underprivileged|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|cascavlak}}, {{W-|tr|kabak gibi}}, {{W+|tr|sivil}}, {{W+|tr|üryan}}, {{W+|tr|çıplak}}, {{W+|tr|kel}}, {{W+|tr|yalın}}, {{W+|tr|daz}}, {{W+|tr|cavlak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|cıbıl|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kuru|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jdpxwjt4k3qlcxbincauvcqx51xqwoy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ezyet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8666</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290951</id>
      <parentid>6253414</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290951</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2165" sha1="5dox9cm9lvng0ifs1d53kmn0sv6xkta" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ezyet|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[azar]], [[êş]], [[şkence]], [[tazîb]], [[ezab]], [[nexweşî]]
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Ehlê Xwedê aciz meke&lt;/br&gt;Bes e bide min '''ezyetê'''&lt;/br&gt;fêqiyê}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[jan]], [[kul]], [[derd]], [[kovan]], [[xem]], [[îza]], [[nesaxî]], [[elem]]}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# ji bo spasîkirinê tê bikaranîn
#: {{nm|ku|Min tu '''ezyet''' dayî ku ez hatime mala we.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|eziyet}}
* {{g|ku|ezîyet}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ezyet kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ezyetkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ezyetkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêezyet
|bêezyetî
|biezyet
|biezyetî
|ezyetdar
|ezyetdarî
|ezyetder
|ezyetderî
|ezyetkêş
|ezyetkêşî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|أذى}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|pyn}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|dhembje}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Schmerz|m}}, {{W|de|Weh}}, {{W|de|beklemmen}}, {{W|de|Leidenschaft|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Pein|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Sorge|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Passion|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Peinlichkeit|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Qual|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|smerte}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|doloro}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|درد}}, {{W+|fa|اذیت}}, {{W+|fa|شکنجه|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|اذیت|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|pina}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kipu}}, {{W+|fi|särky}}, {{W+|fi|piina}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|douleur|f}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|pine}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|pian}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|pijn}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pain}}, {{W+|en|ache}}, {{W+|en|distress}}, {{W+|en|soreness}}, {{W+|en|illness}}, {{W+|en|sickness}}, {{W+|en|pine}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|dolore|f}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|verkur}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dolor}}, {{W+|ca|mal}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|fájdalom}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|doló}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|dolor|m}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|acı}}, {{W+|tr|eziyet}}, {{W+|tr|ağrı}}, {{W+|tr|sızı}}, {{W+|tr|ıstırap}}, {{W+|tr|ızdırap}}, {{W+|tr|azap}}, {{W+|tr|üzgü|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|cefa|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πόνος}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5dox9cm9lvng0ifs1d53kmn0sv6xkta</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>birîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8743</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290952</id>
      <parentid>6262019</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290952</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18992" sha1="3unvoymeqp8x8z4mtidzxqmdumj6ozc" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|birin}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* (''Lêker 1 û Navdêr 2'')
*: {{ku-IPA|biřîn}}, bi[[ř]]în
*: {{ku-ar|بڕین}}
* (''Navdêr 1'')
:* {{ku-IPA}}
:* {{ku-ar|برین}}
:* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-birîn.wav|Deng|Amed}}
:* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-birîn.wav|Deng|dever=Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|birîn|form=gerguhêz|niha=bir|borî=birî}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}, {{r-ya req}}
# bi [[kêr]]ê yan [[bivir]]î yan [[amûr]]ek [[dev]][[tûj]] [[parçe]] kirin yan [[qet]] kirin yan [[ker]] kirin
#: {{nm|ku|Pate bi meqesê '''birîn'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dar bi bivirî '''birîn'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tila xwe bi kêrê '''birîn'''.}}
# [[sekinandin]], [[rawestandin]], [[dawî]] lê anîn, [[bes]] kirin
#: {{nm|ku|Axiftina xwe '''birî'''.}}
# [[biryar]] dan
#: Pêşî bipîve, paşê bibire

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بڕین}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|birrîn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|birek
|biriyayî
|birî
|birok
|derbirîn
|vebirîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''b&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;rei'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''brai'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{ae}}: pairi.'''brī'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{xpr}}: '''bryn'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{pal}}: '''bryn'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{fa}}: '''burrīdan''' / '''burr'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{bal}}: '''burrit''' / '''burr'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{xun}}: '''brīnā''' / '''brīn'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;){{ir}}, 
{{ku}}: Kurm. '''birīn''' / '''bir''', 
{{ckb}}:'''birrîn (-birr-), [[wirrîn]]''' (-wirr-) (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{hac}}: '''birriyay''' / '''birr'''- (&quot;birîn&quot;) , 
{{zza}}: '''[[birrnayene]]''' / '''birrn''' - (&quot;birîn&quot;), 
{{sa}}: '''bhrī-''' (&quot;ziyan danê&quot;), 
{{ru}}: '''brit''' (&quot;hatin tiraşîn&quot;)

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.22]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.13]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]]&lt;/font&gt; | &lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Pokorny:''' 166&lt;/font&gt;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|jê kirin, qet kirin, ker kirin}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|sny}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|einschneiden}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|кес}}, {{W-|alt|кезер}}
* {{Z|ryn}}: {{W-|ryn|切るり|tr=きるり, kiruri}}
* {{Z|ams}}: {{W-|ams|切りゅむっ|tr=きりゅむっ, kiryum}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|መቁረጥ|tr=mäquräṭ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|talju}}, {{W-|rup|talj}}
* {{Z|ask}}: {{W-|ask|ćina}}
* Assamese:
*: {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|কটা}}
*: {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|কাটা}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|kəsmək}}, {{W-|az|çapmaq}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|киҫеү}}, {{W-|ba|ҡырҡыу}}, {{W-|ba|киртеү}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|рэ́заць|impf}}, {{W-|be|секчы́|impf}}, {{W-|be|рубі́ць|impf}} 
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|কাটা}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ре́жа}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကိုက်}}, {{W+|my|ဆုန်း}}, {{W+|my|တစ်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|řezat|impf}}, {{W-|cs|tít|impf}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|切|tr=cit3}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|切|tr=qiē}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|taljur}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|skære}}, {{W-|da|snitte}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|быс|tr=bïs}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|potong}}, {{W+|id|memotong}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|جَرَحَ}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|جرح|tr=jaraḥ}}, {{W-|acw|قطع|tr=gaṭaʿ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|կտրել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|tranĉi}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|минэми}}, {{W-|evn|хусчами}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بریدن|tr=boridan}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|leikata}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|couper}}, {{W+|fr|inciser}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|trenchier}}, {{W-|fro|colper}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|taiâ}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|geàrr}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|cortar}}, {{W-|gl|sarxar}}, {{W+|gl|tallar}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაჭრა}}, {{W-|ka|გაკვეთა}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|काटना}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|snijden}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|חתך|tr=khatákh}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cut}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|leikata}}, {{W-|izh|leikkoja}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|gearr}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|talgià}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tagliare}}, {{W+|it|incidere}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|skera}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|切る|tr=きる, kiru}}
* {{Z|bsh}}: {{W-|bsh|ćia}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|кесерге}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|tallar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|khuchuy}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|ژَٹُن}}
* {{Z|kzg}}: {{W-|kzg|切ゆい|tr=ちゆい, chiyui}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|кесүү}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|끊다}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|гесмек}}, {{W-|kum|туврамакъ}}, {{W-|kum|тилмек}}
* {{Z|xug}}: {{W-|xug|切ん|tr=ちん, chin}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|inseco}}, {{W-|la|incido}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|griezt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຕັດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|kirpti}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|taià}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|сече|impf}}, {{W-|mk|реже|impf}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡤᡳᡵᡳᠮᠪᡳ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠮᡝᡳᡨᡝᠮᠪᡳ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᡶᡠᡵᡠᠮᠪᡳ}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|vág}}, {{W+|hu|megvág}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|nšm|h=n:S-m-T30}}
* {{Z|mvi}}: {{W-|mvi|切|tr=きぃー, ksïï}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хяргах}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|tequi}}, {{W-|nci|cotōna}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|муи-}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|taglià}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|кесуьв}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|coper}}
* {{Z|okn}}: {{W-|okn|切ゅん|tr=きゅん, kyun}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|切ーん|tr=ちーん, chīn}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|talhar}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|muruu}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|késmek}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|kesmoq}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|tajé}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ciąć|impf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|cortar}}, {{W-|pt|incisar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|кесу}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|tarai}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|tagliar}}, {{W-|rm|taglier}}, {{W-|rm|tagler}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|tăia|cuda=a tăia}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ре́зать|impf}}, {{W+|ru|поре́зать|pf}}, {{W+|ru|руби́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|поруби́ть|pf}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|छिनत्ति|tr=chinátti}}, {{W+|sa|कृन्तति|tr=kṛntáti}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|secare}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|tagghiari}}
* {{Z|sid}}: {{W-|sid|mur-}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|резати|impf}}, {{W-|sh|сећи|impf}}, {{W-|sh|сјећи|impf}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|rezati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|seći|impf}}, {{W+|sh|sjeći|impf}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠇꠣꠐꠣ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|rezať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|ťať}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|rezati|impf}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|jarid}}, {{W-|so|sarid}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|rězaś}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|rězać}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cortar}}, {{W+|es|incidir}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|teukteuk}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kukata}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|skära}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|кес-|tr=kes-}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|hiwa}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|வெட்டு}}, {{W+|ta|நறுக்கு}}, {{W+|ta|அரி}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|tagghià}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ตัด}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|кисү}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|tesi}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ቁረጽ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kesmek}}, {{W+|tr|biçmek}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|kesmek}}
* {{Z|kim}}: {{W-|kim|кеъсер|tr=ke&quot;ser}}
* {{Z|tkn}}: {{W-|tkn|切りぃ|tr=きりぃ, kirï}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|кезер}} ,{{W-|tyv|быжыр}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|کاٹنا|tr=kāṭnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|рі́зати|impf}}, {{W-|uk|руба́ти|impf}} 
* {{Z|uum}}: {{W-|uum|кес-|tr=kes-}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|tajar}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cắt}}
* {{Z|wbk}}: {{W-|wbk|ćina}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|torri}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|кизерге}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|កាត់|tr=kat}}
* {{Z|rys}}: {{W-|rys|切すん|tr=きぃすん, kïsun}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|быс}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|tačikama}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|האַקן}}, {{W-|yi|שנײַדן}}
* {{Z|yoi}}: {{W-|yoi|切ん|tr=つん, tsun}}
* {{Z|yox}}: {{W-|yox|切ゅん|tr=きゅん, kyun}}
* {{Z|el}}:
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|τέμνω}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|snieë}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|gǂháá}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|cut|beş=Ev beşa Wergerê|oldid=75674255}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|birîn|mê}}
[[Wêne:wound.jpg|thumb|180px|Birînek.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{bilêv|r|nerm}}
# [[ziyan|Ziyan]]a li [[leş]]î, [[şkestin]]a derekî yan [[xwîn]]hatina ji parçeyekî [[leş]]î&lt;br /&gt; (bi taybetî ji ber ku [[fîşek]]ek pê ketibe).
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Avek mehîn im kemter im&lt;/br&gt;Min cerg û dil bûne '''birîn'''&lt;/br&gt;Sewda û dîn û ebter im}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Û hindek ji wan heyîn esmayêd suryanî, hûrî bûne(fêr bûne), dixwînin. Û bi şîr û bi kêrê bedena xwe dibirrin û birîndar dikin. Lakin xwîn ji '''birînê''' bidernakevitin. Dîsanî filhal xweş dibitin û cihê '''birînê''' xuya nakitin.|{{jêgirtin/Mele Mehmûdê Bayezîdî/Adat û Rusûmatnameê Ekradiye|r=128}}}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|birîndar
|birîndarî
}}

==== Pend ====
* '''birîn'''ên [[xencer|xencera]] [[derman]] dibin, lê '''birîn'''ên [[xeber|xebera]] [[derman]] nabin

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[hevreh]]a {{hv|ckb|برین|tr=birîn}}, {{hv|fa|برین|tr=birîn}}... hemû têkildarî ''birîn'' (jê kirin, qet kirin) - li jortir binêrin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|birîndarî, birîndarbûn}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахәра}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|wond}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|plagë|m}}, {{W+|sq|lëndim|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Wunde|m}}, {{W+|de|Verletzung|m}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|pleagã|m}}, {{W-|rup|aranã|m}}, {{W-|rup|ranã|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|yara}}, {{W-|az|xəsarət}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|zauri}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|яра}}, {{W-|ba|йәрәхәт}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ра́на|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|ক্ষত}}, {{W+|bn|জখম}}, {{W-|bn|ঘাত}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|lugad}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ра́на|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဒဏ်ရာ}}
* {{Z|cim}}: {{W-|cim|bunta|m}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|чов}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|rána|m}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏐᏅᏅ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|bala}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|傷口|tr=shāngkǒu}}, {{W+|cmn|傷害|tr=shānghài}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|атын}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|суран}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|skade|g}}, {{W+|da|sår|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|luka}}, {{W+|id|cedera}}, {{W+|id|lecet}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|جُرْح|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|جرح|n|tr=gurḥ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|վերք}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|сэредькс}}, {{W-|myv|керявкс}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|vundo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|haav}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|хуи}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|хуе}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|زخم|tr=zaxm}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|haava}}
* {{Z|vls}}: {{W-|vls|gabbe|m}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|blessure|m}}, {{W+|fr|plaie|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|feride|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|leòn|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|ferida|m}}, {{W-|gl|chaga|m}}, {{W-|gl|mancadura|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ჭრილობა}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|blesi}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|घाव|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wonde|m}}, {{W+|nl|verwonding|m}}, {{W+|nl|kwetsuur|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|פֶּצַע|n|tr=pétsa}}, {{W-|he|פְּגִיעָה|m|tr=p'gi'á}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|benn}}, {{W-|ang|wund}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|wounde}}, {{W-|enm|hurt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|wound}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|haava}}, {{W-|izh|raana}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|чов}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|créacht|m}}, {{W-|ga|áladh|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|lesione|m}}, {{W+|it|ferita|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sár|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|傷|tr=きず, kizu}}, {{W+|ja|怪我|tr=けが, kega}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|tatu}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|tatu}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|sugat}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|ferida|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жара}}, {{W+|ky|жаракат}}, {{W+|ky|жараат}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|තුවාලය}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|상처}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|plāga|m}}, {{W-|la|vulnus|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|brūce|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ບາດແຜ}}, {{W-|lo|ບາດ}}, {{W-|lo|ແຜ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|žaizda|m}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Wonn|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ра́на|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|luka}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ferita|m}}, {{W-|mt|pjaga|m}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡶᡝᠶᡝ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᡶᡠᡵᡩᠠᠨ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tūnga}}, {{W-|mi|wharatanga}}, {{W-|mi|taotūtanga}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|ai}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|seb}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|wbnw|h=w-b-n:nw*w-D26|n}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|сярядькс}}, {{W-|mdf|керф}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|шарх}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|пуе}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|bliesseûthe|m}} 
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|sår|nt}}, {{W+|no|skade|n}}
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|flein|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|ferida|m}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|madaa}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|цӕф}}, {{W-|os|хъӕдгом}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|جاراھەت}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yara}}, {{W+|uz|jarohat}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|زخم|n|tr=záxәm}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|rana|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|ferimento|n}}, {{W+|pt|ferida|m}}, {{W+|pt|lesão|m}}, {{W+|pt|mágoa|m}}, {{W+|pt|machucado|n}}, {{W+|pt|chaga|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жара}}, {{W-|kk|жарақат}}, {{W-|kk|зақым}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|plaja|m}}, {{W-|rm|plaga|m}}, {{W-|rm|plaia|m}}, {{W-|rm|pleja|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|rană}}, {{W+|ro|plagă}}, {{W+|ro|leziune|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ра́на|m}}, {{W+|ru|ране́ние|nt}}, {{W+|ru|тра́вма|m}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|क्षति|m}}
* {{Z|sid}}: {{W-|sid|mada}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|рана|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|rana|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|rána|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|rana|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|qoon}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|herida|m}}, {{W+|es|llaga}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|uvimbe}}, {{W+|sw|jeraha|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|skada|g}}, {{W+|sv|sår|nt}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|ɓanguzi|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|захм}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sugat}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|புண்}}, {{W+|ta|காயம்}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|ayezzim|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|บาดแผล}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|గాయము}}
* {{Z|tft}}: {{W-|tft|nyabo}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|yara}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|җәрәхәт}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hasar}}, {{W+|tr|yara}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýara}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|རྨ}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|pīle}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|балыг}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|گھاو|tr=ghāv}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ра́на|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|vết thương}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|vun}}
* {{Z|wuh}}: {{W-|wuh|maka}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|របួស|tr=rɔbuəh}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|баас}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וווּנד|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|τραύμα|nt}}, {{W+|el|πληγή|m}}, {{W+|el|πλήγωμα|nt}}, {{W+|el|λαβωματιά|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|τραῦμα|nt}}, {{W-|grc|ὠτειλή|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|wound|beş=Ev beşa Wergerê|oldid=75425134}}

=== Lêker 2 ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# {{maneid|ku|neman}} [[qir|qir bûn]], [[qut]] bûn, [[qet]] ne[[man]], [[hîç]] ne[[man]]

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|biran
|birhan
|birhîn
|birihan
|birihîn
|biriyan
|birîyan
|biryan
|vebiryan
}}

==== Tewîn ====
* -bir-

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|birandin}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|birî}} {{mj|2}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|انقراض}}, {{W-|ar|مجزرة}}, {{W+|ar|بتر}}, {{W-|ar|قتل جماعي}},
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{r-ya req}}
# [[jêkirin]], [[kerkirin]], [[qetkirin]]: &lt;br&gt;''birîna darên daristanê, &lt;br&gt;birîna destê xwe bi bêdestî''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schnitt|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|рязане|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|řez}}, {{W-|cs|říznutí}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|hug|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|leikkaus}}, {{W+|fi|viilto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|coupe|m}}, {{W+|fr|entaille|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|gearradh|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|corte|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაჭრა}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|חיתוך|n|tr=khitúkh}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cut}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|taglio|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|skurður|n}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|tall|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|cirtiens}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|kutt|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|krojenie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|corte|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|tăiere|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ре́зание|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|corte|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|snitt|nt}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kesme}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κόψιμο}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|cut|beş=Ev beşa Wergerê|oldid=75727475}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{r-ya req}}
# [[birihan]], [[qirbûn]], [[qet]] ne[[man]], [[kokbir]]bûn

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|qirbûn, kokbirbûn, qet neman}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Aussterben|nt}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|estinción|m}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|выміра́нне|nt}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|загасване|nt|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|bg|потушаване|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zánik|n}}, {{W-|cs|vymření|nt}}, [[vyhynutí]] ''''
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|滅絕|tr=mièjué}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|uddøen|g}}, {{W+|da|tilintetgørelse|g}}, {{W-|da|udslettelse|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|kepunahan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|اِنْقِرَاض|n}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|formorto}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sukupuutto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|extinction|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|extinción|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გადაშენება|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ამოწყვეტა|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|მოსპობა|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ამოხოცვა|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ამოწყდომა|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|uitsterven}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|הכחדה|m|tr=hakkhada}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|extinction}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|útdauði|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|絶滅|tr=ぜつめつ, zetsumetsu}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|extinció}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|멸종}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|exstinctiō|m}}, {{W-|la|extinctiō|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|izmiršana|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kepupusan}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|meto}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kihalás}}, {{W+|hu|kipusztulás}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|utrydding|m}}, {{W-|nn|utdøying|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wymieranie|nt}}, {{W+|pl|wygaszenie|nt}}, {{W+|pl|wymarcie|nt}}, {{W+|pl|wytępienie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|extinção}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жойылу}}, {{W-|kk|қырылу}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|вымира́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|izumiranje}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|extinción|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|utrotning|g}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|paglipol}}, {{W-|tl|lipol}}, {{W-|tl|pagkalipol}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|การสูญพันธุ์}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|вимира́ння|nt}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|àkúrun}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|extinction|beş=Ev beşa Wergerê|oldid=75598431}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|zza}}
# Birîn, şûna lêdana ku şop hiştiye, [[derd]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf ''kovarabir.com'']&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>3unvoymeqp8x8z4mtidzxqmdumj6ozc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berîk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8845</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290953</id>
      <parentid>6242856</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290953</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8759" sha1="9wpm6l8mratszq86ud1w8y7x6hsg9rr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|berîk|mê}}
[[Wêne:Jeans_pocket_back.jpg|thumb|'''Berîka''' [[pantolon]]ekî.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Cihên li [[cil]]ê mirovî yê ku mirov dikare tiştan bike tê de.
#: {{nm|ku|Pare ji '''berîkê''' dizîn.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Cizdana min ji '''berîka''' min ketibû bêyî ku min hay jê hebe.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بەریک}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|beri
|berok
|bêrîk
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|cêb
|gîrfan
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berîkbirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berîkdar
|berîkdarî
|berîkdarîtî
|berîkdartî
|bêberîk
|bêberîkî
|bêberîkîtî
|bêberîktî
|biberîk
|biberîkî
|biberîkîtî
|bêberîktî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|berî|-îk|w1=pêşî}}.

==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|گیرفان}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|джыбэ}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|gib|n}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|sak}}
* {{Z|ak}}: {{W-|ak|kotoku}}, {{W-|ak|bɔtɔ}}
* {{Z|alw}}: {{W-|alw|kiisa}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|xhep|n}}, {{W-|sq|shqek|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Tasche|m}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|карман}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|pocha|m}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܟܝܣܐ|n|tr=kīsāʾ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|gepi|m}}, {{W-|rup|buzunar|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|জেপ}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|чванта}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|cib}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|sakela}}, {{W-|eu|poltsiko}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|кеҫә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|кішэ́нь|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|পকেট}}, {{W+|bn|জেব}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|godell|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|джоб|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အိတ်}}
* {{Z|cah}}: {{W-|cah|kawkunill}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|киса}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kapsa|m}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏜᏩᏛᎢ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|thumba|c5}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|衫袋|tr=saam1 doi2}}, {{W-|yue|褲袋|tr=fu3 doi2}}, {{W-|yue|口袋|tr=hau2 doi6-2}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|口袋|tr=kǒudài}}, {{W+|cmn|荷包|tr=hébāo}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|口袋|tr=khió-tēr}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|lomme|g}}
* {{Z|egl}}: {{W-|egl|bisàca|m}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|saku}}, {{W+|id|kocek}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|جَيْب|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|جيب|n|tr=gēb}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|جيب|tr=jīb}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|գրպան}}, {{W+|hy|ջեբ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|зепе}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|poŝo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|tasku}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|fuonifo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جیب|tr=jib}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|lummi|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tasku}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|poche|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|pòcaid|m}}, {{W-|gd|pòca|n}}, {{W-|gd|pòcaid-bhroillich|m}}, {{W-|gd|pòcaid-achlais|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|peto|n}}, {{W+|gl|faldriqueira|m}}, {{W-|gl|falchoca|m}}, {{W-|gl|alxibeira|m}}
* {{Z|gmw-gts}}: {{W-|gmw-gts|žeap}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|ખિસ્સું|nt}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ჯიბე}}
* {{Z|hdy}}: {{W-|hdy|kiisa}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|pòch}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|pākeke}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|aljihu|n}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|जेब|m}}, {{W-|hi|चेद|n}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|hnab tshos}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zak|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|כִּיס|n|tr=kis}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|posho}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|bólsa}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pocket}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|киса}}
* {{Z|ik}}: {{W-|ik|aiñiq}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|póca|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tasca|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vasi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|ポケット|tr=poketto}}, {{W+|ja|懐中|tr=かいちゅう, kaichū}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|kanthong}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|жып}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|kaasarfik}}
* {{Z|ktb}}: {{W-|ktb|kiisa}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಕಿಸೆ}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|aldjibera}}, {{W-|kea|julbera}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|хурджун}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|kormano}}
* {{Z|xsm}}: {{W-|xsm|fwɛɛlɩ₁}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|butxaca|m}}
* {{Z|alc}}: {{W-|alc|tájo}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|чөнтөк}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|පොකට්}}, {{W-|si|සාක්කුව}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|호주머니}}, {{W-|ko|포켓}}, {{W+|ko|주머니}}
* {{Z|cr}}: {{W-|cr|ᐊᓯᐊᐧᒋᑲᐣ}}
* {{Z|qua}}: {{W-|qua|óžiha}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|кисе}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|aldikera|m}}, {{W-|lad|faldukera|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|sacculus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|kabata|m}}, {{W-|lv|ķeša|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ກະເປົາ}}, {{W-|lo|ຖົງ}}, {{W-|lo|ພົກ}}, {{W-|lo|ຖົງເສື້ອ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|жибин}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|líbenga}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|stàcca}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|kišenė|m}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|kabāt}}, {{W-|liv|tašk}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Täsch|m}}, {{W-|lb|Gefaach|nt}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|џеб|n}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|paosy}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|കീശ}}, {{W+|ml|പോക്കറ്റ്}}, {{W-|ml|മടിശ്ശീല}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|poket}}, {{W-|ms|saku}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|pākete}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|кӱсен}}
*: {{Z|mrj}}: {{W-|mrj|кӹшӓн}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|voko}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|zseb}}
* {{Z|mei}}: {{W-|mei|céeb}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|algebeira|m}}, {{W-|mwl|jabeira|m}}, {{W-|mwl|bolso|n}}, {{W-|mwl|jibeira|m}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|зепе}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|халаас}}, {{W+|mn|карман}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ}}, {{W-|mn|ᠬᠠᠷᠮᠠᠨ}}
* {{Z|moe}}: {{W-|moe|pitashun}}, {{W-|moe|kassipitakan}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|azaʼazis}}
* {{Z|na}}: {{W-|na|paget}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|Task|m}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|खल्ती}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|кисе}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|pouchette|m}}, {{W-|nrf|paûte|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|lomme|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|lomme|m}}
* {{Z|nup}}: {{W-|nup|dzufan}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|biindaasowin}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|pòcha|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ପକେଟ୍}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|kibxii}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|дзыпп}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|جیب|tr=ceb}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|يانچۇق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|choʻntak}}, {{W+|uz|kissa}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|saku}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Fupp|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|kieszeń|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|bolso|n}}, {{W+|pt|algibeira|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਜੇਬ|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|қалта}}, {{W-|kk|жемсау}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|buzunar|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|карма́н|n}}, {{W+|ru|карма́шек|n}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|lubma}}
* {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|lummo}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|bucciacca|m}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|bulsa}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|sacchetta|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|џе̏п|n}}, {{W-|sh|же̏п|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|džȅp|n}}, {{W+|sh|žȅp|n}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠎꠦꠛ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|pootch}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|vrecko|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|žep|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|jeeb|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|kapsa|m}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|zak|n}}, {{W-|hsb|kapsa|m}}
* {{Z|ses}}: {{W-|ses|žiiba}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|bolsillo|n}}, {{W+|es|bolsa|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mfuko|cm|cmi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ficka|g}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|posho|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|кисса}}, {{W-|tg|киса}}, {{W-|tg|ҷайб}}, {{W-|tg|ҷайбак}}
* Talysh:
*: {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|جیف|tr=jif}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|bulsa}}, {{W-|tl|lukbutan}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|பாக்கெட்}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|mùlso’óna}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|กระเป๋า}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|జేబు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|кесә}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|bolsu}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ጁባ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|cep}}, {{W+|tr|yancık}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|jübi}}, {{W-|tk|kise}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཨམ་ཕྲག}}, {{W-|bo|པ་ཀིར}}
* {{Z|kim}}: {{W-|kim|һармаан|tr=harmaan}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|poket}}
* {{Z|tn}}: {{W-|tn|kgetsi|c9}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|джиб}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|جیب|m|tr=jeb}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|кише́ня|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|scarsèła|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|túi}}, {{W-|vi|túi áo}}, {{W-|vi|túi quần}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|sakäd}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|poced|m}}, {{W+|cy|pocedi|m-p}}, {{W-|cy|llogell|m}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W+|wo|jiba}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|ізеп}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ហោប៉ៅ}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|iphokotho}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|сиэп}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|קעשענע|m}}, {{W-|yi|טאַש|n|m}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|àpò}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|kalmaanaq}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|τσέπη|m}}, {{W+|el|θύλακας|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|daehbuh}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|ikhukhu|c5|c6}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|pocket|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75878273}}</text>
      <sha1>9wpm6l8mratszq86ud1w8y7x6hsg9rr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>neçar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8947</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290954</id>
      <parentid>6262602</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290954</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2213" sha1="or8exj69rej3ha6fybxw2qreclt4x1a" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-neçar.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|neçar}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[mecbûr|Mecbûr]], [[bêçare]], [[dema]] [[kes]]ekî/ê [[ti]] [[rê]]yên din nebin, ya / yê ku ti [[çare]] anku [[hel]] nîne.
#: {{nm|ku|Dema tiripmêla me xirab bûyî, em '''neçar''' bûyin pêya biçîn.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نه‌چار}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|naçar
|naçare
|neçare
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[ne-]] + [[çare]], [[hevreh]]a soranî {{g|ckb|ناچار}} (naçar), farisî {{g|fa|ناچار}} (naçar), ji {{ji|ira}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|neçar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|neçar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|neçarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|neçarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|neçarbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|neçarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|neçarî
|neçarîtî
|neçartî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|arm}}, {{W|de|ausweglos}}, {{W|de|gezwungenermaßen}}, {{W|de|hoffnungslos}}, {{W|de|ratlos}}, {{W|de|unentrinnbar}}, {{W|de|unheilbare}}, {{W|de|wehrlos}}, {{W|de|dürftig|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|unvermeidlich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|außerstande|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|notwendigerweise|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|unausweichlich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|unerlässlich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|unumgänglich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Hilfloser|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مجبور|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مضطر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مجبور}}, {{W+|fa|زار}}, {{W+|fa|عجز}}, {{W+|fa|لاجرم}}, {{W+|fa|ناگزیر}}, {{W+|fa|ناچار|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|بینوا|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[force]], {{W+|en|helpless}}, {{W+|en|obligatory}}, {{W+|en|remediless}}, {{W+|en|obligate}}, {{W+|en|despairing|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|inescapable|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|on one's uppers|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|unescapable|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|with one's back to the wall|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|coerced|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|âciz}}, {{W+|tr|çaresiz}}, {{W+|tr|ıstırari}}, {{W+|tr|mahkûm}}, {{W+|tr|naçar}}, {{W+|tr|biçare}}, {{W+|tr|mecbur}}, {{W|tr|elinde olmadan|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|istemsiz olarak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>or8exj69rej3ha6fybxw2qreclt4x1a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>navber</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9004</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290955</id>
      <parentid>6242451</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290955</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5059" sha1="taucq8737qge7gkmolhgc7sja8hsys2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|navber}}, ناڤبەر

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|navber|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Tiştek li [[al|aliyekî]] û yek din li [[al|aliyek]] din.
#: {{nm|ku|Gundê me li '''navbera''' du çiyayan e.|Li aliyek gundê me çiyayek û li aliyê din jî çiyayek din heye.}}
# [[dem|Demeke]] di [[nav]] [[dem]]eke din re.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=55. a- Yan tu jî dizanî heyetê (F.)&lt;/br&gt;b- Bi hizra min di '''navbeyna''' çarînên 24.&lt;/br&gt;û 26e de çend çartn kêm in. Lewra ev çarfhe}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|namber
|navbeyn
|navbên
|naber
|nêvber
|nêvbeyn
|nêvbên
|nêber
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|mavîn
|mawênî
|neqeb
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|navber ketin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|navber dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|navberketin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|navberdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|navberî
|navberkar
|navberkarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|nav|-ber}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|li navbera..., di navbera ... de}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|midis}}, {{W+|sq|ndërmjet}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|zwischen}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|በ - መካከል}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|entre}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|ntrã}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|-অৰ মাজ-}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|ente}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|arasında}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|араһында}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|памі́ж|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|মধ্যে}}, {{W+|bn|মাঝে}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|между́}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကြား|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|mezi}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|之間|tr=zhījiān}}, {{W+|cmn|間|tr=jiān}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|mellem}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|di antara}}, {{W+|id|antara}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|بَيْنَ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|بين|tr=bēn|sc=Arab}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بين|tr=bēn}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|միջև}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|inter}}
* {{Z|ext}}: {{W-|ext|entri}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|tẽŋasʋka}}, {{W-|gur|tɩŋasʋka}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بین|tr=beyn}}, {{W+|fa|میان|tr=miyân}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|millum}}, {{W-|fo|ímillum}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|välissä}}, {{W+|fi|keskellä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|entre}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|tra}}, {{W-|fur|fra}}, {{W-|fur|jenfri}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|tusken}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|entre}}, {{W-|gl|ontre}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|შორის|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|बीच|cuda=... के बीच|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|tunga}}, sa {{W-|hil|gintung-an}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|tussen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|בֵּין|tr=bein|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|inter}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|betweox}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|between}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|välis}}, {{W-|izh|välil}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|idir}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tra}}, {{W+|it|fra}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|á milli}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|間|cuda=…の間に|tr=no aida ni }}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|pilatan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|entre}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ортосунда}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|가운데|cuda=가운데-에}}, {{W+|ko|사이|cuda=사이-에}}, {{W+|ko|간|cuda=간-에}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|inter}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|starp}}, {{W-|lv|vidū}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ລະຫວ່າງ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|tëschent}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|меѓу|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|mk|измеѓу|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|di antara}}, {{W+|ms|antara}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|bejn}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|között}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|jmjtw|h=Z11-m-Z4-t:W}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хооронд}}, {{W+|mn|дундуур}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|bitaʼgi}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|mellom}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|entre}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|oʻrtasida}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|تر منځ|tr=ter mentz}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|pomiędzy}}, {{W+|pl|między}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|entre}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ортасында}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|între}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ме́жду}}, {{W+|ru|меж}}, {{W+|ru|посреди́}}, {{W+|ru|среди́}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|и̏змеђу}}, {{W-|sh|међу|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|ȉzmeđu}}, {{W-|sh|među}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|atween}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|междоу}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|medzi}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|med}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|dhexda}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|mjazy}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W+|hsb|mjez}}, {{W+|hsb|mjezy}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|entre}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mellan}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|байни}}, {{W-|tg|миёни}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|gitna}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ระหว่าง}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|arasında}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|arasynda}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بیچ|tr=bīc|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|між|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|меж}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|giữa}}, {{W-|vi|ở giữa}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|rhwng}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|រវាង|tr=rawīəng|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צווישן}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ανάμεσα}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|μεταξύ}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|between|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75955911}}</text>
      <sha1>taucq8737qge7gkmolhgc7sja8hsys2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qurban</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9066</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290956</id>
      <parentid>6098250</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290956</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2438" sha1="bc8gp86zxzk1vjsqkvlvtnve20oz3p3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/qʊɾˈbɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|qur|ban}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# [[boraq|Boraq]], [[gorî kirin]] tişta/ê têt dan bo [[xêr]]kirinê.
#: {{nm|ku|Beranek ser jê kir û kir '''qurban''' bo bavê xwe û da feqîran.}}
# Kesa/ê yan tişta/ê [[ziyan]] [[gihiştin|gihiştiyê]].
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek kesên bêguneh di vî şerrî de bûne '''qurban'''.|Neheqî li wan bûye.|rêz=1}}
# Tiştek [[muhîm]] dan bi tiştek ku hê [[muhîm]]tir tê [[hesibandin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Em dê canê xwe bo Kurdistanê bikin '''qurban'''.|Em dê xwe bo Kurdistanê bidin kuştin.}}
# [[heyran|Heyran]], kesa/ê pirr ji kesekê/î yan tiştekê/î [[hez]] dike.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''qurbana''' çavên te yên reş bim!}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Îd e w hebîbê nezre lê&lt;/br&gt;Yan dê bi '''qurban''' bî Melê&lt;/br&gt;Ya reb bibînim roj hilê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|قوربان}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|gorî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kirin qurban&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qurban kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qurban dan
|qurbankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qurbandan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|cejna qurbanan
|qurbanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|ar|ku|قربان|tr=qurban}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|he|קרבן|tr=qorban}}, {{hv|arc|ܩܘܪܒܢܐ|tr=qurbana}} ji rehê ''q-r-b-'' ([[nêzîk]] bûn). Ji eynî rehî: [[eqreba]], [[eqrebe]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Opfer}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Opfertier}}, {{W+|de|lieb|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Betroffener|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قربان|tr=qurban}}, {{W-|ar|ضحية|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الأضحیة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الحماء|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الذبیحة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الشــبر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الشعیرة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الضحیة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|العتر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|العتیرة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النسك|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النسیكة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهدي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|قربان}} (qurban)
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|uhri}}, {{W+|fi|syntipukki}}, {{W-|fi|sûcdarkirî}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|offer}}, {{W+|en|victim}}, {{W+|en|sacrifice}}, {{W+|en|holocaust|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|vitta|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|corban|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|scapegoat|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kurban}}, {{W+|tr|sungu}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bc8gp86zxzk1vjsqkvlvtnve20oz3p3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9102</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290957</id>
      <parentid>6237255</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290957</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4726" sha1="kyw59p26knkh903zbhi33l8i2d6owwx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kit]], [[lib]], &lt;br&gt;[[yek]] ji [[du]] tiştên [[bi hev re]], yek ji [[cot]]ekê, ne [[zo]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ferek''' pêlava min ne diyar e.}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Dibêjin gava bedewa Hollandayê Nezrî xanimê laşê yekî serbaz firkandiye, bêhemdî wê destê wê şemitîye nav doxîna ê serbaz û qêrînî bi wî ketiye. Tu nabê '''ferek''' gunê wî di nav destê Nezlî xanimê de perçiqîye, ê serbaz li kerê siwar kirine û berê wî dane nexweşxanê.|nivîskar=Şaron Kardo-|sernav=Lawo wijdan nemaye haa!|url=http://lotikxane.com/arsiv/arsiv%2039.htm|malper=lotikxane.com|dîrok=21.11.06}}
# [[ferd]], [[kes]], [[şexs]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fer bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fer kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ferbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ferkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ferbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ferkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ferî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|فرد}}. D ji peyvê ketiye wek kirdin (Sorani) û kirin (Kurmanci).

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|فريد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|ماسة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|متحتم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|priority|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}:{{W|tr|fer|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|harlaklık|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[ferz]], [[muhim]], [[giring]], pêdviye, [[lazim]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ya '''fer''' e es evru biçim sîkê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ya '''fer''' e ez îro biçim sûkê.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|أساسي}}, {{W|ar|مهم}}, {{W|ar|ضروري}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|فرد}}, {{W|fa|فرید}}, {{W|fa|لنگه}}, {{W|fa|تخته سنگی}}, {{W|fa|عددفرد}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|azygous}}, {{W|en|essential}}, {{W|en|must}}, {{W|en|important}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|tek}}, {{W|tr|ünik}}, {{W|tr|yumurtalık}}, {{W|tr|biricik}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|an}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|an}}
# [[kirin#ku|kirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|an}}

== {{ziman|fr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|fr|/fɛʁ/}}
* {{deng|fr|Fr-fer.ogg|Deng (Parîs)}} &quot;du fer&quot;
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-fer.wav|Deng|dever=Parîs, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-fer.wav|Deng|dever=Lyon, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-fer.wav|Deng|dever=Cornimont, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-fer.wav|Deng|dever=Lyon, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-fer.wav|Deng|dever=Vosges, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-fer.wav|Deng|dever=Aude, Fransa}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|fr|z=n|p=fers}}
# {{f|fr|kîmya}} [[asin]], [[hesin]]
#* {{bêmînak|fr}}
# [[nal]]
#: {{mk|fr|'''fer''' à cheval|nala hespê|rêz=1}}
# [[ûtî]]
#: {{mk|fr|'''fer''' à repasser|utî|rêz=1}}
#: {{mk|fr|Aujourd′hui je n′ai pas pu repasser parce que mon '''fer''' ne fonctionne plus.|Îro min nekarî ûtî bikim lewra ûtîya min hêdihew kar nake.}}

== {{ziman|enm}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|enm}}
# {{g|ku|tirs}}
#* {{bêmînak|enm}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|enm|tirs}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-fer.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|en}}
# {{bnr|for}}
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|sga}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sga|z=n}}
# {{f|sga|mirov}} {{g|ku|mêr}}, {{g|ku|zilam}}, {{g|ku|zelam}} (mirovê nêr yê mezinbûyî)
#* {{bêmînak|sga}}

== {{ziman|ca}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-fer.wav|Deng|dever=El Prat de Llobregat, Spanya}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ca}}
# [[kirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ca}}

== {{ziman|mfe}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|mfe}}
# [[kirin#ku|kirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|mfe}}

== {{ziman|lld}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|lld}}
# {{f|lld|element}} {{g|ku|hesin}}
#* {{bêmînak|lld}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|lld|hesin}}

== {{ziman|gv}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|gv|z=n}}
# {{f|gv|mirov}} {{g|ku|mêr}}, {{g|ku|zilam}}, {{g|ku|zelam}} (mirovê nêr yê mezinbûyî)
#* {{bêmînak|gv}}

== {{ziman|nrf}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nrf|z=n}}
# {{f|nrf|element}} {{g|ku|hesin}}
#* {{bêmînak|nrf}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nrf|hesin}}

== {{ziman|pms}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pms}}
# {{f|pms|element}} {{g|ku|hesin}}
#* {{bêmînak|pms}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pms|hesin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[çirûsî]], [[ronayî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[bînayî]], [[beysûs]], [[bêsûs]], [[ronî]], fer:
#: {{mk|fr|Gözümde '''fer''', ağzımda diş kalmamış.|Di çavê min de bînayî, di devê min de didan nemane.|rêz=1}}
#: {{mk|fr|Gözlerimin '''fer'''i azalmış.|Bînayên çavê min kêm bûne.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>kyw59p26knkh903zbhi33l8i2d6owwx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêwendî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9301</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290958</id>
      <parentid>6249043</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290958</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2347" sha1="lwngx97ncef9j9gipmf6titaygegcmi" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pêwendî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dostanî|Dostaniya]] yan [[xizmatî|xizmatiya]] yan [[hevkarî|hevkariya]] yan [[hatin]]-û-[[çûn]]a yan [[axiftin]]a yan hev[[dîtin]]a di navbera hin kesan yan tiştan de.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Wext, dem, dewran, jiyan, serpêhatî, bûyer, '''pêwendî''', evîn, şer, têkoşîn, êş, keser, hesret, hîs, pejn… her tiştî niha xwe veguhezandiye nav van fotografan, xwe kiriye beşekî biçûk ê fotografan da ko Rûşen Xanim her tiştî bibîne û bi bîr bîne.|Mehmed Uzun: ''Bîra Qederê'', Nefel, 2002, r.10}}
# [[geh|Geh]], [[gehînek]], [[girêdan]], [[girêdanî]], pêreyî.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pêwendiya''' nava her du aliya ji ber xebatên rê qut bû.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|peywendî}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|têkilî
|eleqe
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pêwendî danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêwendîdanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêpêwendî
|bêpêwendîtî
|bipêwendî
|bipêwendîtî
|pêwendîdar
|pêwendîdarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|pêwend|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Beziehung|f}}, {{W+|de|Verhältnis|n}}, {{W+|de|Fühlung|f}}, {{W+|de|Umgang|m}}, {{W+|de|Verbindung|f}}, {{W+|de|Verbundenheit|f}}, {{W+|de|Zusammenhang|m}}, {{W+|de|Aspekt|m}}, {{W+|de|relativ}}, {{W+|de|Berührung|f}}, {{W+|de|Hinsicht|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پیوند}}, {{W+|fa|علاقه}}, {{W+|fa|آمیزش}}, {{W+|fa|مراوده}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|knotty}}, {{W-|en|state of belonging to something}}, {{W+|en|connection}}, {{W+|en|contact}}, {{W+|en|link}}, {{W+|en|relation}}, {{W+|en|relativity}}, {{W+|en|communication}}, {{W+|en|relativeness}}, {{W+|en|bond}}, {{W+|en|tie-up|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|link up|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|nexus|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|relevance|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|vinculum|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alâka}}, {{W+|tr|alışveriş}}, {{W+|tr|bağlantı}}, {{W+|tr|ilişki}}, {{W+|tr|ilişkinlik}}, {{W+|tr|irtibat}}, {{W+|tr|kontak}}, {{W+|tr|münasebet}}, {{W+|tr|nispet}}, {{W+|tr|rabıt}}, {{W+|tr|rabıta}}, {{W+|tr|taalluk}}, {{W+|tr|alış veriş}}, {{W+|tr|ilgi}}, {{W+|tr|alaka}}, {{W+|tr|temas}}, {{W+|tr|ilişik}}, {{W+|tr|bağ}}, {{W+|tr|bağıntı}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lwngx97ncef9j9gipmf6titaygegcmi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ferq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290959</id>
      <parentid>6248904</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290959</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3497" sha1="msjaiputnacmpi0teij4lwj7ikqi28o" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ferq|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[ferqî]], [[cudahî]], [[taybetî]], [[xasî]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ferqa''' wê çi ye.|Taybetiya wê çi ye. / Ew çawan [ji yên din] cuda ye.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Min li derûdora xwe mêze kir, min '''ferq''' kir ku ez li cûreyekî îbadetxaneyê me; ku ji alî lembeyên ji camên kesk dihate ronîkirin.|''[[w:Çîroka Hezar û Şevekê|Çîroka Hezar û Şevekê]]'', werger: [[w:Serdar Roşan|Serdar Roşan]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Bi narê firqetê sohtim&lt;/br&gt;Ji '''ferqê''' ser heta pê da&lt;/br&gt;Xedenga xefletê nuhtim}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|فه‌رق}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|feriq}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ferq bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ferq kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ferqbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ferqkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ferqbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ferqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ferqî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|-}}, ji rehê {{g|ar|فرق}} (f-r-q: ji hev cudakirin), hevreha {{g|ar|فرق}} (ferq: ferq, [[cuda]]), herwiha hevreha rehê ''p-r-q-'' ([[cuda]] kirin) ya aramî. Wek {{g|ar|فرق}} ketiye farisî û wek ''[[fark]]'' ketiye tirkî jî. [[Furqan]] jî heman rehî ye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|verskil}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Differenz|f}}, {{W+|de|Anderssein}}, {{W|de|Andersartigkeit|f}}, {{W|de|Unterschied|m}}, {{W+|de|Verschiedenheit}}, {{W|de|Diskrepanz|f}}, {{W|de|Färbung|f}}, {{W|de|Kluft|f}}, {{W|de|Öffnung|f}}, {{W|de|Variete}}, {{W|de|verschieden}}, {{W|de|verschiedenartig}}, {{W|de|Vielfältigkeit|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|差}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|forskel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|beda}}, {{W+|id|perbedaan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مختلف|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|malsameco}}, {{W+|eo|differenco}}, {{W+|eo|alieco}}, {{W+|eo|malsimileco}}, {{W+|eo|diferenco}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تفاوت}}, {{W+|fa|فرق}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|munur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erotus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|différence}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W+|fur|ferskil}}, {{W+|fur|skeel}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|ferskil}}, {{W+|fy|skeel}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verschil}} neutre, {{W+|nl|ongelijkheid}}, {{W+|nl|onderscheid}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|difference}}, {{W+|en|dissimilarity}}, {{W+|en|different}}, {{W+|en|disparity}}, {{W+|en|disproportion}}, {{W+|en|dissimilar}}, {{W+|en|dissimilitude}}, {{W+|en|distinct}}, {{W+|en|distinction}}, {{W+|en|divarication}}, {{W+|en|diverse}}, {{W+|en|diversity}}, {{W+|en|hiatus}}, {{W+|en|unlike}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|munur}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|perbedaan}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|forskjell}}, {{W+|no|skilnad}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|diferensha}}, {{W+|pap|diferensia}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|różnica}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|diferença}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|diferencia}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|olikhet}}, {{W+|sv|skillnad}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fark}}, {{W+|tr|ayrı}}, {{W+|tr|ayrım}}, {{W+|tr|değişik}}, {{W+|tr|farklı}}, {{W+|tr|ayırım}}, {{W|tr|farklılık|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[cuda]], [[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[taybet]], [[xas]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, &lt;br&gt;tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, &lt;br&gt;tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ji yên din '''ferq''' e.|Ew ne mîna yên din e. / Ew ne wek yên dî ye.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>msjaiputnacmpi0teij4lwj7ikqi28o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>deste</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9596</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290960</id>
      <parentid>6096116</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290960</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2500" sha1="sw2ah3m5755mzad5n4q202jcwwi3d60" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-deste.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|deste|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[Kom]]ek [[mirov]]an yan [[tişt]]an.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Desteya''' birêveber.|mirovê rêveberiya tiştekê/î dikin|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Desteya bilind ya kurd.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ده‌سته‌}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Kê '''deste''' ji qudret we kişandî we reşandî&lt;br /&gt;Qewsê du hilalan li beyadê bi reşî}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|destegerî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|deste kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|destekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|destekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|desteyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dest|-e}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Garbe|m}}, {{W|de|Klasse|m}}, {{W|de|Kollektion|m}}, {{W|de|Sammlung|m}}, {{W|de|Garnitur|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Komitee|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|لجنة}}, {{W|ar|هيئة}}, {{W|ar|مجموعة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الجیل|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|طاقم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|دسته}}, {{W|fa|گروه}}, {{W|fa|شورا}}, {{W|fa|انجمن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|board}}, {{W|en|category}}, {{W|en|class}}, {{W|en|commission}}, {{W|en|set}}, {{W|en|suit}}, {{W|en|committee}}, {{W|en|setting}}, {{W|en|bouquet|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|cohort|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|coterie|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|faction|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|gaggle|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|panel|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|wad|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|corps|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bağlam}}, {{W|tr|balçak}}, {{W|tr|buket}}, {{W|tr|demet tel}}, {{W|tr|grup}}, {{W|tr|güldeste}}, {{W|tr|koleksiyon}}, {{W|tr|komisyon}}, {{W|tr|konsey}}, {{W|tr|ru}}, {{W|tr|seçki}}, {{W|tr|set}}, {{W|tr|sınıf}}, {{W|tr|şûra}}, {{W|tr|takım}}, {{W|tr|demet}}, {{W|tr|deste}}, {{W|tr|heyet}}, {{W|tr|parti}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# Deste.
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# Deştik.
#: {{mk|tr|kalem '''destesi'''|desteya qeleman|rêz=1}}
#: {{mk|tr|iskambil '''destesi'''|desteya îskambîlê|rêz=1}}
# [[demet|Demet]], [[taxe]].
#: {{mk|tr|cebinden bir '''deste''' para çıkardı|ji beriya xwe desteyek pere derxist|rêz=1}}
# [[destî|Destî]].
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[qevz|Qevz]], [[qevd]], [[qefş]].
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# Di gulaşên bizeytê de ji pênc dereceyan a herî kêm.
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>sw2ah3m5755mzad5n4q202jcwwi3d60</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9640</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290961</id>
      <parentid>6262227</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290961</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4705" sha1="a73bfov18s2fv0vxj7ifl1nelpe07zl" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|hel|hell|hêl}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-hêl.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hêl|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[al|Al]], [[alî]], [[la]], [[teref]], [[rex]], [[kêlek]], [[tenişt]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[rêz|Rêz]], [[xet]], [[xîç]], [[rêzik]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Ji kuhneyê nayê bi kêr&lt;/br&gt;Lew hevriya '''hêla''' li hêr&lt;/br&gt;Tu brkêrî bazara netê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هێل}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hêl bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêl kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêl girtin
|hêlbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêlkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêlgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêlbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hêlkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|ine-pro}}, binêre: [[alî]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Richtung}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Stirn}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Hinsicht|guman=erê}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|فريق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مستقیم|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الهال|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|وجه|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|جهت}}, {{W|fa|ادویه هل|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|جنب|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|سوی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|سوی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|وجه|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|سو|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|side}}, {{W|en|area}}, {{W|en|direction|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|line|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|route|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|streak|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|cardamon|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|party line|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|plimsoll mark|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|striping|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|vitta|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|hunting expedition|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|wow!|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|açı}}, {{W|tr|canip}}, {{W|tr|cenah}}, {{W|tr|cihet}}, {{W|tr|etraf}}, {{W|tr|hat}}, {{W|tr|öte}}, {{W|tr|semt}}, {{W|tr|taraf}}, {{W|tr|veçhe}}, {{W|tr|yaka}}, {{W|tr|geçme|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
[[Wêne:Elettaria_cardamomum_Capsules_and_seeds.jpg|thumb|250px|hêl]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{maneid|ku|biharet}} [[kajîle|Kajîle]], [[kakule]], [[zerdeçal]], [[kardamom]], &lt;br&gt;[[biharat]]ek e û bi taybetî wek [[toz]] tê [[bikaranîn]] di nav xwarinan de.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|heyl
|hil
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha farisî {{g|fa|هل‎|tr=hêl}} û {{g|fa|هیل‎|tr=hîl}}, erebî {{g|ar|هيل|tr=heyl}} û {{g|ar|هال‎|tr=hal}}, ermenî {{g|hy|հիլ|tr=hil}}... hemû {{ji|sa|ku|एला|tr=elā}}, ew bi xwe ji zimanekî [[dravîdî]] (Başûrê Hindistanê), bo nimûne ji {{ji|te|ku|ఏల|tr=ēla}} yan ji {{ji|ta|ku|ஏலம்|tr=ēlam}} yan ji {{ji|ml|ku|ഏലം|tr=ēlaṃ}}.

==== Navê zanistî ====
* ''[[Elettaria caramomum]]''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Kardamom}} {{n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|кардамонът}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|kardamom}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|kapulaga}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|kardemumma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|cardamome}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|kardemom}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|cardamom}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|カルダモン}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|kardemomme}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|kardamon}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|cardamomo}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|кардамон}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|kardamom}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|cardamomo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|kardemumma}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|kakule}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[zû]], [[bilez]], [[beza]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ḧêl}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|hêlî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nêçîr|Nêçîr]]a di [[berf]]ê de.
#: {{nm|ku|Em ji '''hêl'''a kewan dihên.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 4 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[deng]]ê [[bilind]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hêl''' '''hêl'''a tembûrê.}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|hêlî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|hêl}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[hêz]], [[qawet]], [[ked]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hêl'''a xwe nedê tu ê bişkînî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bi dengek '''hêl'''î bang dikir.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li ser hev li dêrî dabû û bi dengê '''hêl''' gazî Cécileê kiribû da ku jê re dêrî veke.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=97}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Min lezand ez bi dû wî ketim û di ber ra jî bi dengê '''bihêl''' min bangî wî dikir û digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Sadiq Ûskan/Şampaz}}}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|strong}}, {{W|en|hoarse}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
* Têmûrê Xelîl: Peyvên kurdî û îranî di ermenî de'', rojnameya ''Kurmancî'', hj. 39, 2007</text>
      <sha1>a73bfov18s2fv0vxj7ifl1nelpe07zl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bend</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9679</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290962</id>
      <parentid>6099573</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290962</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4467" sha1="05n5nc2wz49raaqhq8yimftq32dnnqx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-bend.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bend|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[girêk]], [[best]], [[qeyd]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[qayde]], [[madde]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[ben]], [[dezî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[sekn]], [[hêvî]]
#: {{nm|ku|li '''bendê''' man|1. li hêviyê man, [[sekinîn]] anku [[rawestîn]] ta ku tiştek bêt kirin; 2. [[hêvî]] kirin, [[daxwaz]] kirin|rêz=1}}
# Dîwarê ji kevira yê dora xerzikan(rez)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Mulkê xeten textê xeta&lt;br /&gt;Dil '''bendê''' dava zulfekê&lt;br /&gt;Keftî kemenda ulfekê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌ند}}
* {{ku-kr|бәнд}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|ben
|benik
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bend kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bendbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bendkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bendkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bendewar
|bendewarî
|bendî
|bendîxane
|berbend
|berbendî
|li bendê man
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
* {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''b&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;end&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;'''(&quot;[[bestin]], [[girê]] dan&quot;)
*:{{ji|ira-pro||-}} *'''band''' (&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{ae}}: '''band'''(&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{peo}}: '''band'''(&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{xpr}}: '''bnd'''(&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{pal}}: '''bnd'''(&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{sog}}: '''bynt'''(&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{fa}}: '''bastan''' / '''band'''(&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{bal}}: '''bast'''/ '''band'''(&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{ku}}: '''bastin''' / '''band''' (&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{os}}: '''bast''' / '''bēddyn''' (&quot;bestin&quot;)
::{{hac}}: '''bastáy''' / '''bas'''(&quot;bestin&quot;) ... &gt;
::{{zza}}: '''bastan''' / '''bast'''-) (&quot;bestin&quot;) {{ir}}
:{{sa}}: '''bandh''' (&quot;bestin&quot;)
:{{el}}: '''peisma''' (&quot;---&quot;)
:{{de}}: '''binden''' (&quot;bestin&quot;)
:{{en}}: '''bind''' (&quot;bestin&quot;) ...

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.6]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.10]]&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Hevreh:''' [[bestin]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Absatz|n}}, {{W+|de|Akt|n}}, {{W+|de|Bündel|n}}, {{W+|de|Damm|n}}, {{W+|de|Gurt|n}}, {{W+|de|Koppel|n}}, {{W+|de|Schlinge|m}}, {{W+|de|Strophe|m}}, {{W+|de|Barriere|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Anbindung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Essay|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Fraktion|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الأكبل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الحجل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الرزمة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|العقلة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الغل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الفرزل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|القید|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الكبل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الكبول|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوثاق|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الولم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الولید|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بند}}, {{W+|fa|زنجیر}}, {{W+|fa|ماده}}, {{W+|fa|انتظار}}, {{W+|fa|ریسمان}}, {{W+|fa|قید|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|article}}, {{W+|en|barrage}}, {{W+|en|becket}}, {{W+|en|drag out}}, {{W+|en|jetty}}, {{W+|en|paragraph}}, {{W+|en|rule}}, {{W+|en|water gate}}, {{W+|en|bonded}}, {{W+|en|bond|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|faction|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|frenum|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|hobble|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|inmate|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|lashing|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|linkage|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|parturition|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|section|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tether|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|trammel|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|weir|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|asa}}, {{W+|tr|bağ}}, {{W+|tr|bağlam}}, {{W+|tr|duvar}}, {{W+|tr|hizip}}, {{W+|tr|ip}}, {{W+|tr|kısım}}, {{W+|tr|kıta}}, {{W+|tr|klik}}, {{W+|tr|kural}}, {{W+|tr|madde}}, {{W+|tr|makale}}, {{W+|tr|norm}}, {{W+|tr|paragraf}}, {{W+|tr|pranga}}, {{W+|tr|seksiyon}}, {{W+|tr|sicil}}, {{W+|tr|tomar}}, {{W+|tr|yazı}}, {{W+|tr|bent}}, {{W+|tr|ket}}, {{W+|tr|parti}}, {{W+|tr|set}}, {{W+|tr|boğmak}}, {{W+|tr|engel}}, {{W+|tr|sicim}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-bend.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{en-tewîn-lk|form=awarte|n3y=bends|b=bent|pb=bent|pn=bending}}
{{lêker|en}}
# [[çemîn]], [[çemandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# bend, dîwarê hişkevir yan jî yê bi qirş û qal û sitrî ve hatiye çêkirin &lt;ref&gt;http: //www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>05n5nc2wz49raaqhq8yimftq32dnnqx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>temen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9759</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290963</id>
      <parentid>6100587</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290963</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4092" sha1="agbf5k38rcmuxx4iyb52mjw9q64kpsg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)emen}}
* {{kîte|ku|te|men}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|temen|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[jî|Jî]], [[imr]], [[umr]], [[hîn]], [[emr]], [[sal]]ên [[jiyan]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Temenê''' te çend e?|Tu çend salî yî?|rêz=1}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hemen}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêtemen
|bêtemenî
|bitemen
|bitemenî
|temendar
|temendarî
|temendirêj
|temendirêj
|temenkin
|temenkinî
|temenkurt
|temenkurtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{nyz|ku}}, hevreh bi {{hv|ckb|-}}, {{hv|sdh|-}} û {{hv|hac|تەمەن}}, {{hv|zza|temen}}. Dibe ku ji {{ji|ar|ku|زمن|tr=zemen}}, ji şêweyeke {{hv|arc|-}} a ji dinê {{q|ar|زمان|tr=zeman}}, dawiya dawîn ji {{ji|fa|ar|زمان}}. Heke rast e, cotrehê {{q|ku|zeman}}. Nê eva bi pirsgirêkên dengî tê.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Lebenszeit|m}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|etã|m}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|adin}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|узро́ст|n}}, {{W-|be|ўзрост|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বয়স}}, {{W+|bn|ওমর}}
* {{Z|bho}}: {{W-|bho|उमिर}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|въ́зраст|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အသက်}}, {{W+|my|အသက်အရွယ်}}
* {{Z|kac}}: {{W-|kac|ăsak}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|оьмар}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|一輩子|tr=yī bèizi}}, {{W+|cmn|一生|tr=yīshēng}}, {{W-|cmn|壽命|tr=shòumìng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|levetid}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عُمُر|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տարիք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|aĝo}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|elinikä}}, {{W+|fi|ikä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|âge|n}}
*: {{Z|frm}}: {{W-|frm|eage|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|aois|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|idade|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|ઉમર|sc=Gujr}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ასაკი|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ხნოვანება|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|წლოვანება|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|आयु|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|उमर|m|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|उम्र|m|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|वयस्|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|leeftijd|n}}, {{W+|nl|ouderdom|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|גִּיל|n|tr=gil|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ieldu|m}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|age}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|age}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|aois|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|età|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|aldur|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|寿命|tr=じゅみょう, jumyō}}, {{W+|ja|一生|tr=いっしょう, isshō}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|umur}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|idadi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|edat|n}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|일생}}, {{W+|ko|수명}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|oos|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|natus|n}}, {{W+|la|aetas|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ອາຍຸ}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പ്രായം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|umur}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|taipakeke}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|életkor}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|нас}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|atge|n}}, {{W+|oc|edat|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ଆୟୁ}}, {{W+|or|ବୟସ|sc=Orya}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|umurii}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ياش}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yosh}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|edat}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|życie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|idade|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|viață|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|во́зраст|n}}, {{W-|ru|продолжи́тельность жи́зни|m}}, {{W+|ru|век|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|cimri}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|años}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|umri}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|livslängd|g}}, {{W+|sv|livstid|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ဢသၢၵ်ႈ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|anyos}}, {{W+|tl|edad}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|อายุ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ömür}}, {{W+|tr|yaşam}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýaş}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|عمر|m|tr=umr|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|вік|n}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|itšä}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|ådje|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|oed|n}}, {{W-|cy|oedran}}

* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|អាយុ|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|el}}:
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἡλικία|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|age|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76282129}}

== {{ziman|sl}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|sl}}
# {{g|ku|tarî}}
#* {{bêmînak|sl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sl|tarî}}</text>
      <sha1>agbf5k38rcmuxx4iyb52mjw9q64kpsg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ferman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9812</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290964</id>
      <parentid>6262235</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290964</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4622" sha1="tsm9ha05ydhj6lofi0w5y0bxx3ch3hy" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Ferman}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/fɛɾ.mɑːn/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-ferman.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ferman|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[emir]], [[gotin]]a kesek dibêje û [[divê]] kesek din wek wê gotinê bike
#: {{nm|ku|Serokê wan '''fermana''' rawestandina şerî daye.|Serokê wan gotiye ku nabe şerr bê kirin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ya [[qelem]] binvîs bi emrê Padîşah''&lt;br&gt;''Ez çi binvîsim bi '''ferman''' ya Îlah|[[w:Mela Hesenê Bateyî]]}}
# [[xirab]] [[bûn]]a [[rewş]]ê, [[jînoside]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فه‌رمان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|ferwar
|firman
|firwar
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ferman dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ferman kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ferman wergirtin
|fermanlo bûn
|fermandan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fermankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fermanwergirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fermandayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|fermankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|fermanwergirtî
|bêferman
|bêfermanî
|biferman
|bifermanî
|fermanber
|fermanberî
|fermandar
|fermandarî
|fermander
|fermanderî
|fermangir
|fermangirî
|fermanlo
|fermanname
|fermanî
|fermanwergir
|fermanwergirî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, [[fer-]] ([[ber-]], [[pêş-]] + [[-man]] ([[raman]]; [[şîret]], [[nesîhet]]), [[hevreh]]a {{hv|ckb|فرمان}}, {{hv|hac|هەرمانە|tr=hermane|w=xebat}}, {{hv|fa|فرمان|tr=ferman}}, {{hv|pal|frm'n|tr=freman}}, hexamenîşî ''fremana-'', avestayî ''fremeynye-'', latînî [[praemoneo|praemoneō]], binere * [[fer-]] + {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} * [[menos]] ([[raman]] &gt; li wê binere). [[հրաման]] (hremen) ya ermenî ji zimanekî îranî hatiye wergirtin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|bevel}}, {{W|af|opdrag}}, {{W|af|gebod}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Befehl}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Anweisung}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Auftrag}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Diktat}} {{nt}}, {{W|de|Gebot}} {{nt}}, {{W|de|Kommando}} {{nt}}, {{W|de|Ordnung}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Verordnung}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Erlaß}}, {{W|de|Dekret|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|agindu|xs=Basque}}, {{W|eu|men}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|заповед}} {{m}}, {{W|bg|нареждане}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|příkaz}} {{n}}, {{W|cs|rozkaz}} {{n}}, {{W|cs|povel}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|امر}},{{W|ar|فرمان}}, {{W|ar|توصية}}, {{W|ar|قتل جماعي}}, {{W|ar|إبادة}}, {{W|ar|أمر|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الوصیة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|إیعاز|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مرسوم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|հրաման|tr=hraman}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|ordono|xs=Esperanto}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|امر}}, {{W|fa|پروانگی}}, {{W|fa|فرمان}}, {{W|fa|فرمایش}}, {{W|fa|فرمان|tr=farmân}}, {{W|fa|tr=ord|ارد|cuda=اُرد}}, {{W|fa|دستور|tr=dastur}}, {{W|fa|قتل عام}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|käsky}}, {{W|fi|komento}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W|fro|comandement}} {{n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|òrdugh}} {{n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|opdracht|c}}, {{W|nl|bevel}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: [[פקודה]] (pquda)
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W|ang|gebod|xs=Old English}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|behest}}, {{W|en|order}}, {{W|en|decree}}, {{W|en|dictation}}, {{W|en|dictum}}, {{W|en|prescription}}, {{W|en|ukase}}, {{W|en|rescript}}, {{W|en|command}}, {{W|en|rule}}, {{W|en|dictate}}, {{W|en|directive}}, (2){{W|en|genocide}}, {{W|en|injuction|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ordine}}, {{W+|it|decreto}}, {{W+|it|comando}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|命令|tr=めいれい, meirei}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|ordre}} {{m}}, {{W|ca|manat}} {{n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|edictum}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|parancs}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|rozkaz}} {{n}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|zapovijed}} {{m}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|zapovijed (f) |cuda=zȁpovijēd (f) |xs=Serbo-Croatian}}, {{W|sh|zapoved (f)|cuda=zȁpovēd (f)|xs=Serbo-Croatian}}, {{W|sh|komanda|xs=Serbo-Croatian}}, {{W|sh|naredba|xs=Serbo-Croatian}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|orden}} {{m}}, {{W|es|mandato}} {{n}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|utos}}, {{W|tl|kautusan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W|th|สั่ง|tr=sang}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[ఆజ్ఞ]] (aajna), {{W|te|ఉత్తరువు|tr=uttaruvu}}, {{W|te|ఆనతి|tr=anati}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|emir}}, {{W|tr|fermuar}}, {{W|tr|irade}}, {{W|tr|kaime}}, {{W|tr|ölüm fermanı}}, {{W|tr|carcur}}, {{W|tr|ferman}}, {{W|tr|komut}}, {{W|tr|buyruk}}, {{W|tr|emretme}}, {{W|tr|âmirlik}}, {{W|tr|yarlık}}, {{W|tr|buyrultu|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|buyuru|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|εντολή}} {{m}}, {{W|el|διαταγή}} {{m}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# ferman, [[emir]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>tsm9ha05ydhj6lofi0w5y0bxx3ch3hy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>peyam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9850</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290965</id>
      <parentid>6248900</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290965</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8290" sha1="oxk4yo887wcf3z8kqn7bxv1s74urq69" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Peyam}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|peyam|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[mesaj]], [[xîtab]], [[hinare]], [[gotin]]a yan [[nivîs]]a bo kesekê/î tê [[şandin]] anku [[hinartin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Vê '''peyamê''' bigihîne birayê min.}}
# [[nûçe]], [[dengûbas]], [[bûyer]]ên [[nû]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[daxuyanî]], [[belavok]], [[namilke]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[agadarî]], [[haydarî]], [[ragihandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Ey dil tu ko lê dikî selamê&lt;/br&gt;Zû bîne ve bo mi ra '''peyamê'''&lt;/br&gt;Kanîn bi çi hal e ew giriftar}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|peyxam
|peyxem
|pêxam
|pêxem
|pêxim
|pêyam
|pêyxam
|pêyxem
|pêyxim
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|peyam anîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|peyam birin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|peyam dan
|peyamanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|peyambirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|peyamdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|peyamber
|peyamberî
|peyamder
|peyamderî
|peyamgêrr
|peyamgêrrî
|peyamgihîn
|peyamgihînî
|peyamgir
|peyamgirî
|peyamhinêr
|peyamhinêrî
|peyamîner
|peyamînerî
|peyamnêr
|peyamnêrî
|peyamxwîn
|peyamxwînî
|peyamwergir
|peyamwergirî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fa|ku|پیام}}; bide ber, {{hv|xmn|pygʾm|sc=Latn|tr=peygam}}, {{hv|sog|tr=patγām}}, û ên xwecihî {{q|ku|pêxemet}}, {{q|ku|pêxem|w=asteng, kosp}}, {{hv|ckb|پێخەم|w=asteng; bersiv}}. Dawiyê ji îraniya kevn {{q|ira-pro||*pati-gāma-|sc=Latn}}, ji {{mîr|ira-pro|ku|*pati-|w=hember; îro [[pê]], [[bi]]}} + {{mîr|ira-pro|ku|*gam-|w=[[hatin]]}}, a paşîn ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*gʷem-}}, hevreha {{q|ku|hatin}}, {{q|ku|gav}}... Herwihan deynên Îranî: {{hv|xcl|պատգամ}}, {{hv|arc|פתגמא}}, {{hv|syc|ܦܬܓܡܐ|tr=peṯəḡāmāʾ}}, {{hv|myz|tr=pugdāmā||ࡐࡅࡂࡃࡀࡌࡀ|}}, {{hv|he|פִּתְגָּם|tr=piṯgām}}.

Hevreha wê a Kurdî {{q|ku|pêxem}} ramanka &quot;{{q|ku|hinare}}&quot; na nê a ''&quot;hember hatin, pê hatin&quot;'' dide wek di ramanka resen da bûye. Herwisan ramana ''&quot;ewa bi navê yekî tê&quot;'' jî di {{q|ku|pêxemet}} da hatiye parastin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|boodskap}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mesazh|n}}, {{W+|sq|lajm|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Nachricht|m}}, {{W+|de|Botschaft|m}}, {{W+|de|Mitteilung|m}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ|tr=ʾigārta}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বাতৰি}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|mensaxe|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xəbər}}, {{W+|az|məlumat}}, {{W-|az|mesaj}}, {{W-|az|ismarıc}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|паведамле́нне|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|বার্তা|sc=Beng}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|съобще́ние|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အမှာ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zpráva|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|信息|tr=xìnxī}}, {{W+|cmn|訊息|tr=xùnxī}}, {{W+|cmn|音信|tr=yīnxìn}}, {{W+|cmn|短信|tr=duǎnxìn}}, {{W+|cmn|傳言|tr=chuányán}}
* {{Z|chk}}: {{W-|chk|poraus}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|budskab|nt}}, {{W-|da|besked}}, {{W-|da|bud|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|pesan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رِسَالَة|m}}
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|رسالة}}, {{W-|afb|مسج|tr=məsij}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|رِسالة|tr=risāla}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|رسالة|tr=rsāla}}, {{W-|ary|ميساج|tr=misāj}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հաղորդագրություն|sc=Armn}}, {{W+|hy|հաղորդում|sc=Armn}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|mesaĝo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|sõnum}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پیام|tr=payâm, piyâm}}, {{W+|fa|رساله|tr=resâle}}, {{W+|fa|پیغام|tr=peyğâm}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|viesti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|message|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|teachdaireachd|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|mensaxe|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|સંદેશ}}, {{W-|gu|સંદેશો}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გზავნილი|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|შეტყობინება|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ცნობა|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|უწყება|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|संदेश|n}}, {{W+|hi|सन्देश|n}}, {{W-|hi|मेसेज|n}}, {{W+|hi|सूचना|n}}, {{W+|hi|समाचार|n}}, {{W+|hi|रिसाला|n}}, {{W-|hi|पैग़ाम|n}}, {{W+|hi|पैगाम|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bericht|nt}}, {{W+|nl|boodschap|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|הוֹדָעָה|m|tr=hoda'á}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|mesajo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ǣrende|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|message}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|veesti}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|teachtaireacht|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|messaggio|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|skilaboð|nt-p}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|伝言|tr=でんごん, dengon}}, {{W+|ja|連絡|tr=れんらく, renraku}}, {{W+|ja|通知|tr=つうち, tsuuchi}}, {{W+|ja|メッセージ|tr=messēji}}, {{W+|ja|短信|tr=たんしん, tanshin}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|missatge|n}}, {{W+|ca|notícia|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|билдирүү}}, {{W-|ky|кабарлоо}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|haɓari|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|소식}}, {{W+|ko|메시지}}, {{W+|ko|전언}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|nūntius|n}}, {{W-|la|nūntium|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|ziņa|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຂໍ້ຄວາມ|tr=khǭ kwām}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|pranešimas|n}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|messagg|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|по́рака|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|സന്ദേശം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|mesej}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|निरोप|n|sc=Deva}}, {{W-|mr|संदेश|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|üzenet}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|wpwt|h=wp:p-W:t-Z9-A2}}
* {{Z|mic}}: {{W-|mic|agnutmaqan|in}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|мэдээ}}, {{W+|mn|захиа}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|सन्देश|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|budskap|nt}}, {{W+|nb|melding|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|bodskap|nt}}, {{W-|nn|melding|m}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|messatge|n}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|ergaa}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|xabar}}, {{W+|uz|axborot}}, {{W+|uz|risola}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|پيام|n|tr=payãm}}, {{W+|ps|پيغام|n|tr=payǧãm}}, {{W+|ps|رساله|m|tr=resālá}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wiadomość|m}}, {{W+|pl|posłanie|nt}}, {{W+|pl|komunikat|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|mensagem|m}}
* Punjabi:
*: {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਸੁਨੇਹਾ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਪੈਗ਼ਾਮ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਸੰਦੇਸ਼|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਸੰਦੇਸਾ|n}}
*: {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|سُنیہا|n}}, {{W-|pa|پَیغام|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|хабар|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|kk|хабарлама}}, {{W-|kk|ақпарат}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|mesaj|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|сообще́ние|nt}}, {{W+|ru|ме́сседж|n|tr=mɛ́ssɛdž}}, {{W+|ru|СМС|n}}, {{W+|ru|уведомле́ние|nt}}, {{W+|ru|посла́ние|nt}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|sjd}}: {{W-|sjd|соа̄гк}}
*: {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|saakk}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|порука|m}}, {{W-|sh|посланица|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|poruka|m}}, {{W+|sh|poslanica|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|správa|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|sporočilo|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mensaje|n}}, {{W+|es|recado|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|meddelande|nt}}, {{W+|sv|budskap|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|пайом|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|tg|рисола}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|kalatas}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ข้อความ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|haber}}, {{W+|tr|mesaj}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|habar}}, {{W-|tk|maglumat}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎚𐎈𐎎}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|رسالہ|n|tr=risāla}}, {{W-|ur|پیغام|tr=payġām}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|повідо́млення|nt|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|ме́седж|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|tin nhắn}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|neges|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ចុតហ្មាយ}}, {{W+|km|បណ្ដាំ}}, {{W+|km|បរិកម្ម}}, {{W+|km|ប្រសាសន៍}}, {{W+|km|សារ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μήνυμα|nt|sc=Grek}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀγγελία|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|message|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75880335}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|Kobanî}} [[bahîv|be'îv]], [[badem]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Binêrin: [[bahîv]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}:{{W+|ar|أخبار|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|رسالة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|عقبة|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>oxk4yo887wcf3z8kqn7bxv1s74urq69</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>navend</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9878</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290812</id>
      <parentid>6249435</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T13:07:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/*  */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re</comment>
      <origin>6290812</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1544" sha1="0wr51fr8gox1m7wayusj8jrpj70nqhf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|navend|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[beş|Beş]]a li [[nîvek]]a anku [[nav]]a [[der]]ekê yan tiştekê/î, [[cih]]ê [[giring]].
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|merkez|senter}}
# [[cih|Cih]]ê lê[[civîn]]ê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[cih|Cih]]ê tiştek lê tê kirin.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|bingeh}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ناڤه‌ند}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|nawend}}
* navhend

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|navendî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|ناوەند}}. {{anlz|ku|nav|-end}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Anstalt}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Etappe}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Mitte}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Sitz}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Zentrum}} {{n}}, {{W|de|innerstes}}, {{W|de|Hochburg|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مركز}}, {{W|ar|وسط}}, {{W|ar|سنتر}}, {{W|ar|منتصف}}, {{W|ar|مخفر|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مرکز|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|البحبوحة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الخضمة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|اللمق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المنصف|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مرکز}}, {{W|fa|وسط|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|center}}, {{W|en|centre}}, {{W|en|centres}}, {{W|en|omphaloe}}, {{W|en|midden}}, {{W|en|mediterranean sea|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|leisure centre|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shopping center|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shopping centre|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shopping mall|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|merkez}}, {{W|tr|orta}}, {{W|tr|özek}}, {{W|tr|santra}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0wr51fr8gox1m7wayusj8jrpj70nqhf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>alfabe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9924</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290852</id>
      <parentid>6262250</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:35:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js|TS]]: sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290852</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7307" sha1="8shsdeww57t8bdjdjy40i3bhi9dru2w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|alfabe|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hemû|Hemû]] [[tîp]]ên anku [[herf]]ên [[ziman]]ekî.
#: {{hevmane|ku|hirûf|abece|ebced}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{stûn|
* {{g|ku|alfabet}}
* {{g|ku|alfabêt}}
* {{g|ku|elfabe}}
* {{g|ku|elîfba}}
* {{g|ku|elîfbê}}
}}

==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{g|ku|alfabandin}}
* {{g|ku|alfabandî}}
* {{g|ku|alfabetîk}}
* {{g|ku|alfabetîkî}}
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|grc|ku|ἀλφάβητος}}, ji {{q|grc|ἄλφα|ts=alfa|w=[[a]], [[elîf]]}} û {{g|grc|βῆτα|ts=beta|w=[[b]]}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|алфавит}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|тхыпкъылъэ}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|alfabet}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|alfabet|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ABC}}, {{W+|de|Alphabet}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ፊደል}}
* {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|biabcʼhíí}}, {{W-|apw|abcʼhí}}
* {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arc|ܐܠܦܒܝܬ}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বৰ্ণমালা}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|alfabetu|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|əlifba}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|alfabeto}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|әлифба}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|алфаві́т|n}}, {{W-|be|а́збука|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বর্ণমালা}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|alpabeto}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|lizherenneg|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|а́збука|m}}, {{W-|bg|алфави́та|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အက္ခရာ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|abeceda|m}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|алфавит}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|alfabet}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|އަލިފުބާ}}
* {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Alphabet}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|abjad}}, {{W+|id|alfabet}}, {{W+|id|aksara}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حُرُوف الْهِجَاء}}, {{W+|ar|أَبْجَد|n}}, {{W-|ar|أَلِفْبَاء|n}}, {{W-|ar|أَلِفْبَائِيَّة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|այբուբեն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|alfabeto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|tähestik}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|الفبا}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|bókstavarað}}, {{W-|fo|stavrað}}, {{W-|fo|stavarað}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|aakkoset}}, {{W+|fi|aakkosto}}, {{W-|fi|aakkosisto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|alphabet|n}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|alfabet}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|aibidil|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|alfabeto|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ანბანი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|achegety}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|abese}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|वर्णमाला|m}}, {{W-|hi|मूलाक्षर|n}}, {{W+|hi|अक्षरमाला|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|ABC}}, {{W+|nl|alfabet}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אָלֶף־בֵּית|n}}, {{W+|he|אָלֶפְבֵּית|n}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|alfabeto}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|stæfrof}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|alphabeto}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|aibítir|m}}, {{W-|ga|aibidil|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|alfabeto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|stafróf}}, {{W-|is|rittáknakerfi}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|アルファベット}}, {{W+|ja|文字}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|aksara}}, {{W-|jv|alfabèt}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|alfabet}}, {{W-|kl|oqaasiliuutissat}}, {{W-|kl|qanermissarissat}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಅಕ್ಷರಮಾಲೆ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|alfabet|n}}, {{W+|ca|abecedari|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|алфавит}}, {{W+|ky|алиппе}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|알파벳}}, {{W+|ko|문자}}, {{W+|ko|음소문자}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|lytherennek|m}}, {{W-|kw|abecedari|n}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W+|co|alfabetu|n}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|алифба}}
* {{Z|lkt}}: {{W-|lkt|oówaptaya}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|alphabetum}}, {{W+|la|abecedārium}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|alfabēts|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ໂຕຫນັງສື}}, {{W-|lo|ແມ່ກໍກາ}}, {{W-|lo|ອັກສອນ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|abėcėlė|m}}, {{W+|lt|alphabet|n}}, {{W-|lt|alfabetas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Alphabet}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|азбука|m}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|abidy}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|അക്ഷരമാല}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|abjad}}, {{W+|ms|huruf}}, {{W+|ms|aksara}}, {{W-|ms|ابجد}}, {{W-|ms|حروف}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|alfabet}}
* {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|字母}}, {{W+|cmn|字母表}}, {{W+|cmn|字母系統}}, {{W+|cmn|字母系统}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|abbyrlhit}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tātai reta}}, {{W-|mi|arapū}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|मुळाक्षरे}}, {{W-|mr|वर्णमाला}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ábécé}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W-|mn|цагаан толгой}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|saad bee álʼíní}}, {{W-|nv|áábée}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|वर्णमाला}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|stafróf}}
* {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|alfabet}}
* {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|alfabet}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|abc}}, {{W+|no|alfabet}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|alfabet|n}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|абетӕ}}, {{W-|os|алфавит}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالفابىت}}, {{W-|ug|ئېلىپبە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|alifbo}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|الفبې|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|alfabet}}, {{W+|pl|abecadło}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|abc|n}}, {{W+|pt|abecê|n}}, {{W+|pt|á-bê-cê|n}}, {{W+|pt|alfabeto|n}}, {{W+|pt|abecedário|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|әліпби}}, {{W-|kk|әліппе}}, {{W-|kk|алфавит}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|alfabet}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|алфави́т|n}}, {{W+|ru|а́збука|m}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|алфаві́т|n}}, {{W-|rue|а́збука|m}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|alfabēhta}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अक्षरसमाम्नाय|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|а̀збука|m}}, {{W-|sh|абеце́да|m}}, {{W-|sh|алфа̀бе̄т|n}}, {{W+|sh|àzbuka|m}}, {{W+|sh|abecéda|m}}, {{W+|sh|alfàbēt|n}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|аꙁъбоукꙑ|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|abeceda|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|abeceda|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|alfabeto|n}}, {{W+|es|abecedario|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|alfabeti}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ABC}}, {{W+|sv|alfabet}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|алифбо}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|alpabeto}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|அகரவரிசை}}, {{W+|ta|நெடுங்கணக்கு}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ตัวอักษร}}, {{W+|th|อักษร}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|అక్షరమాల}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|әлифба}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ፊደል}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alfabe}}, {{W+|tr|abece}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|elipbiý}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཀ་ཁ}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|حروف تہجی}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|абе́тка|m}}, {{W+|uk|алфаві́т|n}}, {{W+|uk|а́збука|m}}, {{W-|uk|альфабе́т|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bảng chữ cái}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|lafab}}
* {{Z|vro}}: {{W-|vro|tähistü}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|alfabet}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwyddor|m}}
* {{Z|wym}}: {{W-|wym|alfabet}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|អក្ខរក្រម}}, {{W+|km|អក្សរ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|алфавит}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W+|yi|אַלף־בית|n}}, {{W-|yi|אַלפֿאַבעט|m}}, {{W-|yi|גלחות}}, {{W-|yi|אַזבוקע|m}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|igat}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ἀλφάβητος|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αλφάβητο}}, {{W+|el|αλφαβήτα}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-alfabe.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# {{g|ku|alfabe}}, [[elîfba]], [[elîbêtik]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[elibêtik]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# destpêka tiştekî
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>8shsdeww57t8bdjdjy40i3bhi9dru2w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hirûf</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9932</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290853</id>
      <parentid>6249316</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:36:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js|TS]]: sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290853</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="745" sha1="oj910n8jc2x1lfs4tgwm7amugm3tg3c" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hirûf|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hemû|Hemû]] [[herf]]ên [[ziman]]ekî.
#: {{hevmane|ku|alfabe|elîfba|abece}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|hurûf}}
* {{g|ku|hirof}}
* {{g|ku|hurof}}
* {{g|ku|ḧirûf}}
* {{g|ku|hirof}}
* {{g|ku|ḧurof}}
* {{g|ku|ḧurûf}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|tr=ḧurûf|w=pirjimara &quot;[[herf]]&quot;ê}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|hirûfandin}}
* {{g|ku|hirûfandî}}
* {{g|ku|hirûfî}}
* {{g|ku|hirûfînende}}
* {{g|ku|hirûfînendetî}}
* {{g|ku|hirûfînendeyî}}
* {{g|ku|hirûfîner}}
* {{g|ku|hirûfînerî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|alfabe}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>oj910n8jc2x1lfs4tgwm7amugm3tg3c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qasî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9945</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290966</id>
      <parentid>6245011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290966</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1237" sha1="3osb9cod9v5dkbl6ivtf6a47snskkef" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[hindî|Hindî]], [[temetî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ne '''qasî''' te mezin e.|Ew ji te biçûktir e.}}
# [[wek|Wek]], [[mîna]], [[şibî]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Qasî''' ez dizanim, navê wî Elî ye.|Li gor zanîna min, navê wî Elî ye.}}
# '''çi qasî''': [[çend]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ev bi çi '''qasî''' ye?|Ev bi çendê ye? Bihayê vê çi ye?|rêz=1}}
# '''ew qasî''': [[hind]], [[wisan]], [[wilo]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''qasî''' giran e ku nikarim hilgirim.}}
# '''ev qasî''': [[wiha]], [[hosa]]. bi [[vî]] [[awa|awayî]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[dem|Dem]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Qasî''' çil roj ne li van dera me.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|قاسی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[bi qasî]]
* [[bi qasê]]
* [[qasê]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|qas|-î}}

==== Jê ====
* [[çiqas|çiqasî]]
* [[evqas|evqasî]]
* [[ewqas|ewqasî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|nahezu|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|so viel wie|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|vergleichen mit|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الزهاق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|به اندازه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|like}}, {{W+|en|as}}, {{W+|en|same}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3osb9cod9v5dkbl6ivtf6a47snskkef</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mesaj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9962</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290967</id>
      <parentid>6249127</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290967</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2327" sha1="bk3llq7ij5c1h9bicxk2f46q9txjuha" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mesaj|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[peyam]], [[xîtab]], [[hinare]], [[gotin]]a yan [[nivîs]]a bo kesekê/î tê [[şandin]] anku [[hinartin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Vê '''mesajê''' bigihîne birayê min.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mesac
|mêsac
|mêsaj
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mesaj danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mesajdanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mesajber
|mesajberî
|mesajgihîn
|mesajgihînî
|mesajgir
|mesajgirî
|mesajhinêr
|mesajhinêrî
|mesajnivîs
|mesajnivîsî
|mesajşîn
|mesajşînî
|mesajwergir
|mesajwergirî
}}

==== Rastnivîsîn ====
&quot;Mesaj&quot; bi rêya tirkî ji fransî ketiye kurdî. Piraniya peyvên ewropî di bilêvkirina wek fransî di kurmancî de tên nivîsîn. Bi fransî &quot;message&quot; wek &quot;mêsaj&quot; tê gotin. Lê ji ber ku di tirkî de &quot;ê&quot; nîne, bûye &quot;mesaj&quot;. Ji ber ku bi rêya tirkî ketiye kurdî, di kurdî de jî ne bi &quot;ê&quot; lê bi &quot;e&quot; ye: &quot;mesaj&quot;. Bi îngilîzî nêzîkî dengê &quot;mesic&quot; e. Lê min di nav kurdan de nebihîstiye ku ti kesek wisa bibêje. Heta kurdên başûrî jî, ku bi piranî peyvên rojavayî li gor bilêvkirina îngilîzî dibêjin, dîsa ew jî nabêjin &quot;mesic&quot; lê &quot;mesaj&quot;, &quot;mêsaj&quot;, &quot;mêsaj&quot; yan &quot;mêsac&quot;. Hem &quot;j&quot; û hem jî &quot;c&quot; li dawiya peyvên kurdî nadir in. Bi min ti sebebek nîne ku em ji awayê berbelav yê nivîskî anku &quot;mesaj&quot; derbasî nivîsîna bi awayekî din bibin.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* Husein Muhammed bersiva Mahmut Oğurlu dide, {{kzk}}, 4/2013
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr|ku}} (yan ji {{ji|en|ku|message}}) ji {{ji|la|ku|mittere}} ([[şandin]] anku [[hinartin]]).

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Meldung}} {{m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|پیام}}, {{W|fa|پیام}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|message}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|beyan}}, {{W|tr|ileti}}, {{W|tr|mesaj}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# {{g|ku|peyam}}, {{g|ku|mesaj}}
#* {{bêmînak|az}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|peyam}}

== {{ziman|ro}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ro|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|peyam}}, {{g|ku|mesaj}}
#* {{bêmînak|ro}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ro|peyam}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[peyxam]], [[hînare]], [[pêxam]], mesaj
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>bk3llq7ij5c1h9bicxk2f46q9txjuha</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>molet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10076</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290968</id>
      <parentid>6263490</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:06:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290968</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1043" sha1="0k41p7x3wk91rou7jtn5xoj256cov1f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|molet|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[wext|Wext]]ê heye bo kirina tiştekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ê sê rojan '''molet''' bidim we ku hûn nivîsara xwe amade bikin.}}
# [[delîv]], [[derfet]], [[firset]], [[fersend]], [[gengazî]], [[îmkan]]
#: {{nm|ku|Me '''molet''' nîne ku em wê bi cih bînin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|mihlet}}
* {{g|ku|mohlet}}
* {{g|ku|muhlet}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|bêmolet}}
* {{g|ku|bêmoletî}}
* {{g|ku|bimolet}}
* {{g|ku|bimoletî}}
* {{g|ku|moletdar}}
* {{g|ku|moletdarî}}
* {{g|ku|moletder}}
* {{g|ku|moletderî}}
* {{g|ku|moletî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|مُهْلَة}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Frist}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Termin}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Zeitspanne}} {{m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مهلت}}, {{W|fa|مدّت}}, {{W|fa|پروانگی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|respite}}, {{W|en|time limit|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|mühlet}}, {{W|tr|vade|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0k41p7x3wk91rou7jtn5xoj256cov1f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêzdar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10169</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290969</id>
      <parentid>6097060</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290969</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3051" sha1="ptdd3qye9s19dmyenqgfalz8hqz0uat" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|hêzdar}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ya / yê ku [[hêz]] heye, [[kes]]ê/a bi [[qewet]].
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|xurt|bihêz|şiyandar|bizever|biqewet|biqudret|bitaqet|bixîret}}
#: {{nm|ku|Daxwazê ji Xwedê bike, çinku ew bi tinê '''hêzdar''' e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هێزدار}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|bêhêz}}
* {{g|ku|bêqewet}}
* {{g|ku|bêşiyan}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol2|ku
|çalak
|çeleng
|tiwana
|bişiyan
|kara
|fêris
|egîd
|mêrxas
|rewan
|segvan
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hêzdar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêzdar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêzdarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêzdarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêzdarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|hêz|-dar}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|sterk}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|fortë}}, {{W+|sq|fuqishëm}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|kräftig}}, {{W+|de|mächtig}}, {{W+|de|vermögend}}, {{W+|de|gewaltig}}, {{W+|de|stark}}, {{W+|de|schwer}}, {{W|de|energiegeladen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|stærk}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|قوي}}, {{W+|ar|جبار}}, {{W+|ar|قدير}}, {{W|ar|عظيم}}, {{W|ar|شديد}}, {{W|ar|قادر}}, {{W|ar|الضلیع|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|potenca}}, {{W+|eo|forta}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|قوی}}, {{W+|fa|صاحب قدرت}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|sterkur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|voimakas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|puissant}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|krêftich}}, {{W+|fy|sterk}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|làidir}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|machtig}}, {{W+|nl|fiks}}, {{W+|nl|geducht}}, {{W+|nl|krachtig}}, {{W+|nl|sterk}}, {{W+|nl|straf}}, {{W+|nl|zwaar}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|עז|cuda=עַז}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|rice}}, {{W+|ang|strong}}, {{W+|ang|swiþ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|powerful}}, {{W+|en|mighty}}, {{W+|en|potent}}, {{W+|en|strong}}, {{W+|en|vigorous}}, {{W+|en|forceful}}, {{W+|en|tough}}, {{W+|en|stallwart}}, {{W+|en|dynamical}}, {{W+|en|energetic}}, {{W+|en|keen}}, {{W|en|puissant|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|tower of strength|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|forte}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|máttagur}}, {{W+|is|sterkur}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|fort}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|potens}}, {{W+|la|fortis}}, {{W+|la|robustus}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kuat}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W+|yua|chich}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|erős}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|sterk}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|poderoso}}, {{W+|pap|potente}}, {{W+|pap|duru}}, {{W+|pap|fuerte}}, {{W+|pap|sterki}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mocny}}, {{W+|pl|silny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|poderoso}}, {{W+|pt|potente}}, {{W+|pt|forte}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|tare}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|сильный}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W+|srn|krakti}}, {{W+|srn|tranga}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|fuerte}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|imara}}, {{W+|sw|-enye nguvu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mäktig}}, {{W+|sv|kraftfull}}, {{W+|sv|kraftig}}, {{W+|sv|stark}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|malakás}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|güçlü}}, {{W+|tr|kuvvetli}}, {{W+|tr|tüvana}}, {{W+|tr|vahşî}}, {{W+|tr|zorlu}}, {{W+|tr|beton gibi}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ακμαίος}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ptdd3qye9s19dmyenqgfalz8hqz0uat</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rep</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10177</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290970</id>
      <parentid>6098322</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290970</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2052" sha1="6wzwxsjg3t0hxqxt8bfuh0h6b8gywki" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[req|Req]], [[rabûyî]] (bi taybetî [[kîr]]).
#: {{nm|ku|Dema jinên bedew dibîne, kîrê wî '''rep''' dibe.}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|req}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rep bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rep kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|repbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|repkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|repbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|repkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|repandin
|repandî
|repî
|repîn
|repîner
|repînerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Têkildarî peyva &quot;[[req]]&quot;.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|kerzengerade}}, {{W+|de|schroff}}, {{W+|de|steif}}, {{W+|de|stramm}}, {{W+|de|gerade|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|aufgerichtet|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شق}}, {{W+|fa|راست}}, {{W+|fa|سهی|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|perpendicular}}, {{W+|en|upright}}, {{W+|en|on end|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|stand-up|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|protruding|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|harent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sticking up|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|horent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sticking out|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dik}}, {{W-|tr|dikik}}, {{W+|tr|kalkık}}, {{W+|tr|ereksiyon}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rep|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|ku|rap|w=cûnek muzîkê ye}}

== {{ziman|nb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nb|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|werîs}}, {{g|ku|ben}}
#* {{bêmînak|nb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nb|werîs}}

== {{ziman|sh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sh|rȇp|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|dûvik}}, {{g|ku|kurî}}, {{g|ku|terî}}, {{g|ku|boçik}}
#* {{bêmînak|sh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sh|dûvik}}

== {{ziman|sl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sl|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|dûvik}}, {{g|ku|kurî}}, {{g|ku|terî}}, {{g|ku|boçik}}
#* {{bêmînak|sl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sl|dûvik}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|sv|Sv-ett rep.ogg|Deng}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|werîs}}, {{g|ku|ben}}
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sv|werîs}}</text>
      <sha1>6wzwxsjg3t0hxqxt8bfuh0h6b8gywki</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gihandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290971</id>
      <parentid>6267027</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290971</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3537" sha1="hsfd06rjn7zwg5xu3k6drp7hoc749w6" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-gihandin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|gihandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=gihîn|borî=gihand}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[birin]] yan [[anîn]] [[heta]] [[der]]ekê
#: {{nm|ku|Heta min '''gihand''' malê, bûbû êvar.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tu îro zarrokan '''bigihîne''' dibistanê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Başe eger her êk ji me parçek jî '''bigehîtê'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Mirzayî destê Besnayê girt û wan jî zû xwe '''gihande''' rexê din cem hevalan.|{{Jêgirtin/Sidqî Hirorî/Kurê Zinarê Serbilind/1996}}}}
# {{maneid|ku|danîna derekê heta kêrî xwarinê bên}} ([[fêkî]] yan [[sewze]]) [[danîn]] [[der]]ekê yan [[hêlan]] li derekê ta ku bo [[xwarin]]ê [[kêr]]î [[xwarin]]ê [[hatin|bên]]
# [[tişt]]ek bo [[xelk]]ekî [[gotin]], tiştê ku [[mirov]] bizane û bo yekê din bibêje.

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Cohtê esedan pence li ser sîne nihandin&lt;br&gt;Kullab-i '''gihandin''' dil û hestî herişandin&lt;br&gt;Birhên te ji qudret ko numan goşeyê i'caz}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گهاندن}} 

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|gehandin
|geyandin
|giyandin
|gihîjandin
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|gihiştin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gihandî
|gihînende
|gihînendetî
|gihînendeyî
|gihîner
|ragihandin
|ragihandî
|ragihînende
|ragihînendetî
|ragihînendeyî
|ragihîner
|ragihînerî
|di ber re gîhandin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qf|ku|gihîn|-andin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|bilden}}, {{W|de|Zucht|f}}, {{W|de|beliefern}}, {{W|de|entwickeln}}, {{W|de|erlangen}}, {{W|de|erreichen}}, {{W|de|erziehen}}, {{W|de|liefern}}, {{W|de|pflegen}}, {{W|de|vermitteln}}, {{W|de|ziehen}}, {{W|de|austragen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|hintragen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|übermitteln|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإیصال}}, {{W|ar|التبلیغ}}, {{W|ar|التحق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|زرع|guman=erê}}, , , {{W|ar|التوصیل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ابلاغ}}, {{W+|fa|اتصال دادن}}, {{W+|fa|انتقال دادن}}, {{W+|fa|تعلیم دادن}}, {{W+|fa|کارآموزی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|advance}}, to {{W+|en|have}}, {{W+|en|cultivation}}, {{W+|en|develop}}, {{W+|en|improve}},  {{W+|en|ripen}}, {{W+|en|progress}}, {{W+|en|conveyance}}, {{W+|en|transmission}}, {{W+|en|convey|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|deliver|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|enhance|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|conduction|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|conductivity|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|delivering|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|induct|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|put through|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|fer arribar}}, {{W+|ca|arribar}}, {{W+|ca|assolir}}, {{W+|ca|arribar}},
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|hacer llegar}}, {{W+|es|alcanzar}}, {{W+|es|llegar}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|eriştirme}}, {{W+|tr|eriştirmek}}, {{W+|tr|kavuşturma}}, {{W+|tr|olgunlaştırma}}, {{W+|tr|olgunlaştırmak}}, {{W+|tr|talim}}, {{W+|tr|ulaştırma}}, {{W+|tr|ulaştırmak}}, {{W+|tr|vardırmak}}, {{W+|tr|yetiştirme}}, {{W+|tr|yetiştirmek}}, {{W+|tr|aktarmak}}, {{W+|tr|erdirme}}, {{W+|tr|erdirmek}}, {{W+|tr|erginleme}}, {{W+|tr|geliştirmek}}, {{W+|tr|iblâğ etmek}}, {{W+|tr|isal}}, {{W+|tr|pişirme}}, {{W+|tr|pişirmek}}, {{W+|tr|kavuşturmak}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gihandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bêwate|ku}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>hsfd06rjn7zwg5xu3k6drp7hoc749w6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rêz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10244</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290972</id>
      <parentid>6249411</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290972</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9544" sha1="4opilcneui49pjdaii7pcbhlas4urrc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rêz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xet|Xet]], [[xîç]], [[xêz]], [[hêl]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Xwîşka min a delal, Karê, eger vê mektûba min bistînî, hîvîdar im çend '''rêza''' ji min re binvîse.|''[[w:Dê û Dêmarî|Dê û Dêmarî]]'', [[w:Egîdê Xudo|Egîdê Xudo]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
# [[dor|Dor]], [[sira]], [[ger]].
# [[rêç|Rêç]], [[rêbaz]], [[rê]], [[rêçik]], [[regez]], [[qeyd]].
# [[rûmet|Rûmet]], [[qedir]], [[qîmet]], [[nirx]], [[biha]], [[giramet]], [[giranî]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rêz''' lê girtin.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ez nizanim çi neseq keyf e nizanim çi şerab e&lt;/br&gt;Xaka payên te di '''rêza''' seg û tolan xwe dinasîn&lt;/br&gt;Me ne sûc û ne gunah û ne xeta ev çi 'itab e}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕێز}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rêz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rêz girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rêz kirin
|rêz dan
|rêzbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rêzgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rêzkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rêzanîn
|rêzdan
|rêzbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rêzgirtî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rêzkirî
|bêrêz
|bêrêzî
|birêz
|birêzî
|rêzandin
|rêzandî
|rêzdar
|rêzdarî
|rêzder
|rêzderî
|rêzgir
|rêzgirî
|rêzînende
|rêzînendetî
|rêzînendeyî
|rêzîner
|rêzînerî
|rêzker
|rêzkerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} {{recons|ine-pro|h₃reǵ-}} ([[rast]] kirin, rêk kirin, rêz kirin) ku herwiha serekaniya [[rast]] e.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|hêl, xet, xîç}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|lyn}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|linjë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Linie|m}}, {{W-|de|Schlange (Menschen-)|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|cızıq}}, {{W+|az|cizgi}}, {{W+|az|xətt}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|marra}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һыҙыҡ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|лі́нія|m}}, {{W+|be|ры́са|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|রেখা}}, {{W-|bn|লাইন}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ли́ния|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|လိုင်း}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|yis̈hna}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|čára|m}}, {{W+|cs|lajna|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|直線}}, {{W+|cmn|線|tr=xiàn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|linje|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|baris}}, {{W+|id|garis}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|خَطّ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|خَطّ|n|tr=ḵaṭṭ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|գիծ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|linio}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|liin}}, {{W-|et|joon}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|fli|nt}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|foole}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|خَطّ|tr=xatt}}, {{W+|fa|کَش|tr=kaš}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|viiva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|ligne|m}}, {{W+|fr|trait|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|loidhne|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|liña|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌺𐍃|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ხაზი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|रेखा|m}}, {{W+|hi|लाइन|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|rechte|m}}, {{W+|nl|lijn|m}}, {{W+|nl|streep|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|קַו|n|tr=kav}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|line}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|líne|m}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|reîga|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|linea|m}}, {{W+|it|riga|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|lína|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|線|tr=せん, sen}}, {{W+|ja|ライン|tr=rain}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|línia|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|сызык}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|줄}}, {{W+|ko|선}}, {{W+|ko|라인}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|līnija|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເສັ້ນ}}, {{W+|lo|ເສັ້ນຊື່}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|linija|m}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|elaini}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ли́нија|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|garisan}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|linney|m}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|vonal}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|шугам}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|lîngne|m}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|linje|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|linje|n|m}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|chiziq}}, {{W+|uz|xat}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|linia|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|linha|m}}, {{W+|pt|risco|n}}, {{W+|pt|traço|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|сызық}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ли́ния|m}}, {{W+|ru|черта́|m}}, {{W+|ru|штрих|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|रेखा|m}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|ريکا}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ли́нија|m}}, {{W-|sh|цр̏та|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|línija|m}}, {{W+|sh|cȑta|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|čiara|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|črta|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|línea|m}}, {{W+|es|rasgo|n}}, {{W+|es|trazo|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|gurat}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mstari}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|linje|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|хат}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เส้น}}, {{W+|th|เส้นตรง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|గీత}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çizgi}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|çyzyk}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|sälyiye}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|гицӏ}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|خَط|n|tr=xat}}, {{W-|ur|لائن|m|tr=lāin}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|лі́нія|m}}, {{W-|uk|ри́са|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|lìnia|m}}, {{W-|vec|ligna|m}}, {{W-|vec|riga|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đường}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|lein|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|បន្ទាត់}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ליניע|m}}, {{W-|yi|שטריך|n}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γραμμή|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|γραμμή|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|line|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75954323}}

{{werger-ser|xet, xîç di nivîsan de}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|lyn}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zeile|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|sətir}}, {{W+|az|xətt}}, {{W+|az|misra}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|радо́к|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ред|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|řádek|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|行|tr=hong4}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|行|tr=háng}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|سَطْر|n}}, {{W+|ar|خَطّ|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տող}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|linio}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|fli|nt}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سَطر|tr=satr}}, {{W+|fa|خَطّ|tr=xatt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|rivi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|ligne|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|loidhne|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|liña|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სტრიქონი}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|regel|n}}, {{W+|nl|lijn|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שׁוּרָה|m|tr=shurá}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|line}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|líne|m}}, {{W-|ga|clólíne|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|riga|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|行|tr=ぎょう, gyō}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|행}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ред|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|sor}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|satr}}, {{W+|uz|yoʻl}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wiersz|n}}, {{W+|pl|wers|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|linha|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|жол}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|строка́|m}}, {{W+|ru|стро́чка|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|riadok|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|renglón|n}}, {{W+|es|línea|m}}, {{W+|es|verso|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mstari}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rad|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|сатр}}, {{W+|tg|хат}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|వరస}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|satır}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|тӏогъ}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|рядо́к|n}}, {{W-|uk|стрі́чка|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|dòng}}, {{W+|vi|hàng}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|lein|m}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שורה|tr=shure}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γραμμή|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|στίχος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|line|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75954323}}

{{werger-ser|sira, dor}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|lyn}}, {{W-|af|ry}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schlange|m}}, {{W+|de|Reihe|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|cərgə}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|ilara}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|чарга́|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|опа́шка|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|排隊|tr=páiduì}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|صَفّ|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|صَفّ|n|tr=ṣaff}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|vico}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|fli|nt}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|foole}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|jono}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|code}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|loidhne|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|fila|m}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पंक्ति|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|rij|m}}, {{W+|nl|file|m}}, {{W+|nl|lijn|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|תּוֹר|n|tr=tor}}, {{W+|he|שׁוּרָה|m|tr=shurá}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|line}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|líne|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|coda|m}}, {{W+|it|fila|m}}, {{W+|it|linea|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|列|tr=れつ, retsu}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|elaini}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ред|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|rārangi}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|sor}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|jtrt|h=i-t:r:t|m}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|mn|ээлж дараалал}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Rieej|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|kolejka|m}}, {{W+|pl|szereg|n}}, {{W+|pl|rząd|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fila|m}}, {{W+|pt|linha|m}}, {{W+|pt|fileira|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|coadă}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|о́чередь|m}}, {{W+|ru|шере́нга|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|red|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|fila|m}}, {{W+|es|hilera|m}}, {{W+|es|cola|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mstari}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kö|g}}, {{W+|sv|led}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|వరస}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kuyruk}}, {{W+|tr|sıra}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|قِطَارْ|m|tr=qitār}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|черга́|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|hàng}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|កន្ទុយ|tr=kɑntuy}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שורה|tr=shure}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ουρά|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|στίχος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|line|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75954323}}

{{werger-bnr|rêzgirtin, qedir, rûmet|rêzgirtin}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{navdêr|ku|form=erê}}
# ''Rewşa [[çemandî]] ya yekjimar a binavkirî ya'' '''[[rez]]'''.
#: {{nm|ku|Em çûn nav '''rêz'''.|Em çûn nav rezî.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|rezî}}</text>
      <sha1>4opilcneui49pjdaii7pcbhlas4urrc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rewan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10428</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290973</id>
      <parentid>6242735</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290973</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2607" sha1="ad9o6dns52j5kys7pe1l8f2zh3eyitx" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Rewan}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/rɛˈwɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|re|wan}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[hesp|Hesp]]ên bo [[bez]]ê [[zîrek]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Kesa/ê bo [[siwarî|siwariya]] [[hesp]]an [[pirr]] [[zîrek]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[zîrek|Zîrek]], [[jêhatî]], [[çeleng]], [[fêris]], [[egîd]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew di xwendinê de '''rehwan''' e.}}
# [[fesîh|Fesîh]].
==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Ew hebîbê rohniya heft asîman&lt;/br&gt;Herdu alem qalib ew ruh û '''rewan'''}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rawan
|rehwan
|rihwan
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|rewa
|rewane
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rewan kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rewankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rewankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rewanî
|rewanbêjî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}} an farisî {{q|fa|روان|tr=revan}}, ji lêkera {{q|fa|رفتن|w=çûn, [[rewtin]], [[retin]]}}. Têkildarî {{q|fa|راه|tr=rah}}/{{q|ku|rê}} hatiye kirin, bide ber {{hv|fa|رهوار|tr=rehvar}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|rasch}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|راهوار|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|effluence}}, {{W+|en|streaming}}, {{W+|en|mind}}, {{W+|en|fluent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gliding|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kıvrak}}, {{W+|tr|akıcı}}, {{W+|tr|revan}}, {{W+|tr|selis}}, {{W-|tr|akibetine uğramak}}, {{W+|tr|rahvan}}, {{W+|tr|ruh}}, {{W+|tr|ulak}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=}}
# {{guharto|ku|revandin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[ruh|Ruh]], [[can]], [[giyan]], [[derûn]], [[nefes]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Aliyê min ê '''rewanî''' piçekî xilmişî bû|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=87}}}}
# [[qasid|Qasid]], [[elçî]].

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|hac|ئەروا|tr=erwa}}, {{hv|fa|روان|tr=revan}}, {{hv|pal|tr=lwbʾn|ts=ruwān|w=rewan, rih}}, {{hv|xpr|𐫀𐫡𐫇𐫀𐫗|w=rewan|ts=erwan|sc=Mani}}, {{hv|ae|𐬎𐬭𐬬𐬀𐬥|𐬎𐬭𐬬𐬀𐬥-|w=rewan; para bêmerg a mirovekî an lawirekî}}, û dibe ku {{hv|sa|रूप|w=awa, teşe}}. Paşîniyê dibe ku ji {{mîr|ira-pro|ku|*urw-āna-|w=tişta ku jûrekî fireh afirandiye ji xwe re}}; bide ber {{hv|sa|उरु|w=firehî, valahî, serbestî}}. {{hv|xcl|ուրու|w=spêle, reşe}} gengazkî deyneka ji îranî ye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|روح}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|psyche}}, {{W+|en|soul}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ruh}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ad9o6dns52j5kys7pe1l8f2zh3eyitx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>zîrek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10432</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290974</id>
      <parentid>6262230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290974</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5376" sha1="5w9huu77juhekqfxzjj39dasl9imjlo" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-zîrek.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|zîrek}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[çeleng]], [[fêris]], [[egîd]], [[çalak]], [[aktîv]], [[xurt]], [[rewan]], [[segvan]], [[jêhatî]], [[jîr]], [[zîx]], [[sirt]], [[zift]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[hişmend]], [[jîr]], [[aqildar]], [[fehma]]
#* {{nm|ku|Serdar '''zîrek''' e bi inglîzîyê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|زیرەک}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
| {{hw|ku|zireng}}
| {{hw|ku|zirenk}}
| {{hw|ku|ziring}}
| {{hw|ku|zirink}}
| {{hw|ku|zîreng}}
| {{hw|ku|zîrenk}}
| {{hw|ku|zîx}}
}}

==== Dijmane ====
* [[arode]]
* [[keslan]]
* [[tembel]]
* [[tirral]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol2|ku|cure=Jê
|zîrek bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|zîrek kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|zîrekbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|zîrekkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|zîrekbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|zîrekkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|zîrekî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira|ku|-}}, [[hevreh]]a {{q|ku|jîr}} ya kurdî, {{g|fa|زيرک|tr=zîrek}} ya farisî, {{g|pal||tr=zîrek}} ya pehlewî, têkilî {{q|ku|jîn}}, {{q|ku|jîndar}}, {{q|ku|zindî}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|fleißig}}, {{W+|de|arbeitsam}}, {{W+|de|eifrig}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|trabayador}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|çalışqan}}, {{W-|az|əməksevər}}, {{W-|az|zəhmətkeş}}, {{W-|az|işcil}}, {{W-|az|zəhmətsevən}}, {{W-|az|işgüzar}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|эшсән|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|ba|егәрле|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|працаві́ты}}, {{W+|be|стара́нны}}, {{W-|be|руплі́вы}}, {{W-|be|пі́льны}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|трудолюби́в}}, {{W+|bg|усъ́рден}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|pilný}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|勤力|tr=kan4 lik6}}, {{W-|yue|勤勉|tr=kan4 min5}}, {{W-|yue|勤勞|tr=kan4 lou4}}, {{W-|yue|勤奮|tr=kan4 fan5}}, {{W-|yue|耐勞|tr=noi6 lou4}}, {{W-|yue|刻苦|tr=hak1 fu2}}, {{W-|yue|努力|tr=nou5 lik6}}, {{W-|yue|勤苦|tr=kan4 fu2}}, {{W-|yue|用功|tr=jung6 gung1}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|煞猛|tr=sat-mâng}}, {{W-|hak|勤勞|tr=khiùn-lò}}, {{W-|hak|用功|tr=yung-kûng}}, {{W-|hak|努力|tr=nú-li̍t}}, {{W-|hak|打拚|tr=tá-piang}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|勤勉|tr=qínmiǎn}}, {{W+|cmn|勤|tr=qín}}, {{W+|cmn|勤勞|tr=qínláo}}, {{W+|cmn|勤奮|tr=qínfèn}}, {{W-|cmn|耐勞|tr=nàiláo}}, {{W+|cmn|刻苦|tr=kèkǔ}}, {{W+|cmn|努力|tr=nǔlì}}, {{W+|cmn|勤苦|tr=qínkǔ}}, {{W+|cmn|用功|tr=yònggōng}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|骨力|tr=kut-la̍t}}, {{W-|nan|勤勉|tr=khîn-bián, khûn-bián}}, {{W-|nan|勤奮|tr=khîn-hùn, khûn-hùn}}, {{W-|nan|刻苦|tr=khek-khó͘}}, {{W+|nan|努力|tr=ló͘-le̍k}}, {{W+|nan|拍拚|tr=phah-piàⁿ}}, {{W-|nan|勤苦|tr=khîn-khó͘, khûn-khó͘}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|hårdtarbejdende}}, {{W-|da|flittig}}, {{W-|da|arbejdsom}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مُجْتَهِد}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|سخت‌کوش|tr=saxt-kuš}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ahkera}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|industrieux}}, {{W+|fr|diligent}}, {{W+|fr|travailleur}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|dèanadach}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|traballador}}, {{W-|gl|dilixente}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|შრომისმოყვარე|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|მშრომელი|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|मेहनती|tr=mehnatī}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|ijverig}}, {{W+|nl|vlijtig}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|חָרוּץ|tr=kharúsh}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hardworking}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|töökäs}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|saothrach}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|勤勉|tr=きんべん, kinben|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|treballador}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|근면하다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|labōrifer}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|strādīgs}}, {{W-|lv|centīgs}}, {{W-|lv|cītīgs}}, {{W-|lv|uzcītīgs}}, {{W-|lv|čakls}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|усрден}}, {{W-|mk|трудољубив}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|കഠിനാദ്ധ്വാനി}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|sheer-obbragh}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tōhaunui}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szorgalmas}}, {{W+|hu|szorgos}}, {{W+|hu|dolgos}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|pracowity}}, {{W+|pl|pilny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|trabalhador}}, {{W+|pt|diligente}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|harnic}}, {{W+|ro|sârguincios}}, {{W+|ro|muncitor}}, {{W+|ro|laborios}}, {{W+|ro|diligent}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|приле́жный}}, {{W+|ru|усе́рдный}}, {{W+|ru|трудолюби́вый}}, {{W+|ru|работя́щий}}, {{W+|ru|рачи́тельный}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|трудољубив}}, {{W-|sh|марљив}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|trudoljubiv}}, {{W+|sh|marljiv}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|pracovitý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|marljiv}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|trabajador}}, {{W+|es|esforzado}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|idog}}, {{W+|sv|flitig}}, {{W+|sv|arbetsam}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ขยัน}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çalışkan}}, {{W+|tr|inek}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|میہنتی|tr=mehnatī|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|працьови́тий}}, {{W-|uk|роботя́щий}}, {{W-|uk|стара́нний}}, {{W-|uk|рете́льний}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|chăm chỉ}}

* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|លំអោត}}, {{W+|km|ស្រវាស្រទេញ}}, {{W+|km|ឱហាត}}
* {{Z|el}}:
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πολύεργος}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|hardworking|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=72827799}}</text>
      <sha1>5w9huu77juhekqfxzjj39dasl9imjlo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gom</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10473</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290975</id>
      <parentid>6281825</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290975</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1566" sha1="3uogw3pggggwij9y6r3xu4om7qjtb62" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gom|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[com]], [[zom]], [[meydan]], [[aqar]], [[gorepan]], [[rastgeh]], [[war]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[gov]], [[axur]], [[pag]], [[xanî|xaniyê]] ku [[pez]]î yan [[dewar]]an yan [[naxir]]an an [[pêreh]]an
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[winda]], [[li ber çavan wenda bûn]], [[nexuya bûn]], [[veşartîbûn]], ketin [[talde]]yî tiştekî
#: {{nm|ku|Ji bo avê kom, gwimîn, ew roj di rêya Hîzan de min erebe li '''goma''' (gwîm) avê xist.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گۆم}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gom bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gom kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gombûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gomkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gombûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gomkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|koz}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Gehege}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Schafstall}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الدكسیة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|طویله گوسفند}}, {{W|fa|طویله}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|navetta}}, {{W|fi|karjasuoja}}, {{W|fi|läävä}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|field}}, {{W|en|cistern}}, {{W|en|square}}, {{W|en|summer resort}}, {{W|en|corral|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|pinfold|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|stockade|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sheep fold|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|byre}}, {{W|en|cowshed}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|arena}}, {{W|tr|meydan}}, {{W|tr|yitik}}, {{W|tr|kom}}, {{W|tr|mezar}}, {{W|tr|görünmez}}, {{W|tr|saklı}}, {{W|tr|kışla}}, {{W|tr|köm}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3uogw3pggggwij9y6r3xu4om7qjtb62</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>şibîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291528</id>
      <parentid>6290630</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:44:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Etîmolojî */</comment>
      <origin>6291528</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2043" sha1="0b8yhz2isndwm7fwdlfejnb62cts1gv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|şi|bîn}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# [[mîna|Mîna]] tiştekê/î [[xuya]] kirin, [[wek]] tiştekê [[bûn]].
#: ''Ew '''naşibe''' bavê xwe.'' (Ew mîna bavê xwe naxuye. / Ew ne wek babê xwe ye.)
#: ''[[Saz]] û [[gîtar]] '''dişibin''' hev.'' (Saz û gîtar mîna hev dixuyin. / Saz û gîtar hinekî wek hev in.)

==== Tewîn ====
: [[-şib-]]

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|شبین}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
| {{hw|ku|şiban}}
| {{hw|ku|şibhan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibhîn}}
| {{hw|ku|şibhiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibhîyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibihan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibihîn}}
| {{hw|ku|şibihiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibihyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibîyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şibyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şuban}}
| {{hw|ku|şubhan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubhîn}}
| {{hw|ku|şubîn}}
| {{hw|ku|şubhiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubhîyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubihan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubihîn}}
| {{hw|ku|şubihiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubihyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubîyan}}
| {{hw|ku|şubyan}}
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|şibandin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{hv|ar|شَبِيه||wekhev}} + {{hv|ku|-în}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|şibî}}
* {{g|ku|şibiyayî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|ähnlich sein}}{{W+|de|entsprechen}}, {{W+|de|gleichen}}, {{W-|de|sich ähneln}}, {{W+|de|Affinität|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|şibîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Bildnis}}, {{W+|de|gleichen}}, {{W+|de|ähneln}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|جانس|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شباهت}}, {{W-|fa|شبیه بودن}}, {{W+|fa|شباهت داشتن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|take after}}, {{W+|en|look like}}, {{W+|en|resemble}}, {{W+|en|resemblance|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|benzemek}}, {{W+|tr|benzeyiş}}, {{W+|tr|dönüşmek}}, {{W+|tr|görünmek}}, {{W+|tr|benzeme}}, {{W+|tr|andırmak}}, {{W+|tr|çalmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0b8yhz2isndwm7fwdlfejnb62cts1gv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>guhdar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10624</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290976</id>
      <parentid>6262683</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290976</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8630" sha1="1rettae2hzrg8l6glkzkvabu14793pf" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Guhdar}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-guhdar.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|guhdar|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesa/ê [[guh dan|guh dide]] tiştekê/î, kesa/ê tiştekê [[bîstin|dibîze]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''guhdarên''' radyoyê|kesên guh didin radyoyê|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Carek ji caran rehmet li bab û dayed '''guhdaran'''.|nivîskar=Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî|sernav=Cami’eya Riseleyan û Hikayetan Bi Zimanê Kurmancî|cîh=Stembol|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Lîs|Lîs}}|sal=2010|çap=1|rûpel=71|isbn=978-605-5683-27-6}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Her kesê '''guhdarê''' Mewlûda Nebî&lt;/br&gt;Dergehê mîzgîniyan dê lê vebî}}
# [[îtaetkar]], kesa/ê li [[gor]] [[gotin]]a kesekê/î dike
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گوهدار}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|guhder
|guhdêr
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|bîner
|temaşevan
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|guhdar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|guhdar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|guhdarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|guhdarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|guhdarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|guhdarî
|neguhdar
|neguhdarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|guh|-dar}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|guhder, guhdarîker}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|dëgjues|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zuhörer|n}}, {{W+|de|Zuhörerin|m}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|አድማጭ}}, {{W-|am|ሰሚ}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|dinləyici}}, {{W-|az|eşidən}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|entzule}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|тыңлаусы}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|слуха́ч|n}}, {{W-|be|слуха́чка|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|শ্রোতা}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|слуша́тел|n}}, {{W-|bg|слуша́телка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|သောတရှင်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|posluchač|n}}, {{W-|cs|posluchačka|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|傾聽者|tr=qīngtīngzhě}}, {{W+|cmn|聽者|tr=tīngzhě}}, {{W-|cmn|聆聽者|tr=língtīngzhě}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|lytter|g}}, {{W-|da|tilhører|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُسْتَمِع|n}}, {{W-|ar|مُسْتَمِعَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ունկնդիր}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|kuulaja}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شنونده|tr=šenavande}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuuntelija}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|auditeur|n}}, {{W+|fr|auditrice|m}}, {{W+|fr|écouteur|n}}, {{W+|fr|écouteuse|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cluinntear}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|ouvinte|n|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მსმენელი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|श्रोता|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|luisteraar|n}}, {{W+|nl|toehoorder|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מַאֲזִין|n|tr=ma'azín}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|listener}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|ascoltator}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ascoltatore|n}}, {{W-|it|ascoltatrice|m}}, {{W+|it|uditore|n}}, {{W-|it|uditrice|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|hlustandi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|聞き手|tr=ききて, kikite}}, {{W-|ja|聴取者|tr=ちょうしゅしゃ, chōshusha}}, {{W-|ja|リスナー|tr=risunā}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|oient|n|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|угуучу}}, {{W-|ky|тыңшоочу}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|경청자}}, {{W-|ko|청취자}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|audiens|n}}, {{W-|la|auscultātor|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|klausītājs|n}}, {{W-|lv|klausītāja|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຜູ້ຟັງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|klausytojas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Nolauschterer|n}}, {{W-|lb|Nolauschterin|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|слушател|n}}, {{W-|mk|слушателка|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|pendengar}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kaiwhakarongo}}, {{W-|mi|kaiwhakaoko}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hallgató}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|сонсогч}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|êcouteux|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|lytter|n}}, {{W-|nb|tilhører|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|lyttar|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئاڭلىغۇچى}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|tinglovchi}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|اورېدونکی|n|tr=awredunkay}}, {{W-|ps|سامع|n|tr=sāme'}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|słuchacz|n}}, {{W+|pl|słuchaczka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|ouvinte|n|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|тыңдаушы}}, {{W-|kk|тыңдарман}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|ascultător}}, {{W+|ro|ascultătoare|m}}, {{W+|ro|auditor}}, {{W+|ro|auditoare|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|слу́шатель|n}}, {{W+|ru|слу́шательница|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|слу̀шалац|n}}, {{W-|sh|слу̀шатељ|n}}, {{W-|sh|слушатѐљица|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|slùšalac|n}}, {{W+|sh|slùšatelj|n}}, {{W+|sh|slušatèljica|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|poslucháč|n}}, {{W-|sk|poslucháčka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poslušalec|n}}, {{W-|sl|poslušalka|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|oyente|n|m}}, {{W+|es|escuchador|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|msikilizaji}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|åhörare|g}}, {{W+|sv|lyssnare|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|шунаванда}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ผู้ฟัง}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|тыңлаучы}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dinleyici}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|diňleýji}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سامع|n|tr=sāme'}}, {{W-|ur|شروتا|n|tr=śrotā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|слуха́ч|n}}, {{W-|uk|слуха́чка|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thính giả}}, {{W-|vi|[[người]] [[nghe]]}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|អ្នកស្ដាប់}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|אויסהערער|n}}, {{W-|yi|צוהערער|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ακροατής|n}}, {{W+|el|ακροάτρια|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀκροατής}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|listener|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75884294}}

{{werger-ser|guhdara/ê şîret an fermanan}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehorsam}}, {{W+|de|folgsam}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|gfolgig}}, {{W-|gsw|gfölgig}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|esaneko}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|паслухмя́ны}}, {{W-|be|слухмя́ны}}, {{W-|be|паслу́шны}}, {{W-|be|пако́рлівы}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|послу́шен}}, {{W+|bg|поко́рен}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|poslušný|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|[[服從]][[的]]|tr=fúcóng de}}, {{W-|cmn|[[順從]][[的]]|tr=shùncóng de}}, {{W-|cmn|聽話|tr=tīnghuà}}, {{W+|cmn|乖|tr=guāi}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|patih}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُطِيع}}, {{W-|ar|مُذْعِن}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|مطيع|tr=muṭīʕ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հլու}}, {{W+|hy|հնազանդ}}, {{W+|hy|խելոք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|obeema}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuuliainen}}, {{W+|fi|tottelevainen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|obéissant}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|mak}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|guiado}}, {{W-|gl|obediente}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gehoorzaam}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|צַיְתָנִי|tr=tsaytani}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ġehīersum}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|serviable}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|obedient}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ubbidiente}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|hlýðinn}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|従順|cuda=従順な|tr=じゅうじゅんな, jūjun na}}, {{W+|ja|忠実|cuda=忠実な|tr=ちゅうじつな, chūjitsu na}}, {{W+|ja|大人しい|tr=おとなしい, otonashii|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|obedient}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|순종적}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|oboediens}}, {{W-|la|morigerus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|paklausīgs}}, {{W-|lv|rātns}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|klusnùs}}, {{W-|lt|paklusnùs}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|послушен}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|ngāwari}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|engedelmes}}, {{W+|hu|szófogadó}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|lydig}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|lydig}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|ontlich}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|posłuszny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|obediente}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|ascultător}}, {{W+|ro|obedient}}, {{W+|ro|docil}}, {{W+|ro|supus}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|послу́шный}}, {{W+|ru|поко́рный}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|послушан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|poslušan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|poslušný}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|poslušen}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|obediente}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|lydig}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เชื่อฟัง}}, {{W+|th|ว่านอนสอนง่าย}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|విధేయము}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|itaatkar|cuda=itaatkâr}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|talangofua}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|слухня́ний}}, {{W-|uk|покі́рний}}, {{W-|uk|покі́рливий}}, {{W-|uk|послу́шний}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|vâng lời}}, {{W-|vi|tuân lời}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|[[ស្ដាប់]][[បង្គាប់]]}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|υπάκουος|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ὑπήκοος}}, {{W-|grc|κτίλος}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|obedient|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=73879308}}</text>
      <sha1>1rettae2hzrg8l6glkzkvabu14793pf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hiş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10720</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290977</id>
      <parentid>6262091</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290977</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14628" sha1="dg41ehrnuvcrkr374nivu6esqiz4z9y" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-hiş.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hiş|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Jardin du Musee Rodin Paris Le Penseur 20050402 (02).jpg|thumb|150px|]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[aqil]], [[bîr]], [[hişyarî]], [[haydarî]], [[agadarî]]:
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hiş''' di serî de nîne!|Bêaqil e.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Di hemû ziman û çandan de '''hişê''' mirov diçe: Kurmanc dibêjin: “'''Hişê''' min diçe”. Zaza dibêjin: “Hêşê min şono”. Tirk dibêjin: “Başım dönüyor”. Yanê peyv bi peyv “Serê min dizivire”|''[[w:Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok|Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok]]'', [[w:Mehmet Bozkoyun|Mehmet Bozkoyun]], Bingöl Üniversitesi Yaşayan Diller Enstitüsü Dergisi}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Sacîdû bê '''hiş''' kerî sed salî dî&lt;br /&gt;Ez dizanim La îlahe îlla Tu yî}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هش}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|heş
|hêş
|hoş
|huş
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|bêhiş
|bêhişî
|bihiş
|bihişî
|hişdar
|hişdarî
|hişî
|hişmend
|hişmendî
|hişyar
|hişyarî
|hişûbîr
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*h₂ows-}} (&quot;[[guh]]&quot;), {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*uş|w=[[guh]]; hiş}}, [[hevreh]]a {{q|ku|guh}} ya kurdî, {{g|fa|هوش|tr=hûş: hiş}} û {{g|fa|گوش|tr=gûş|w=[[guh]]}} yên farisî, zazakî {{q|zza|goş|tr=guh}} ya zazakî,, {{g|ckb|هۆش|tr=[[hoş]]|w=hiş}} û {{g|ckb|گوێ|tr=[[gwê]]|w=guh}} yên soranî, {{g|pal||tr=oş/hoş|w=hiş}} ya pehlewî, {{g|ae||tr=uşî|w=hiş}} ya avestayî... {{g|sa|उसि|tr=usi}} ya sanskrîtî, {{q|sq|vesh|w=guh}} ya albanî, {{q|lt|ausis|w=guh}} ya lîtwanî, {{g|grc|οὖς|tr=oûs|w=guh}} ya yûnaniya kevn, {{q|la|auris|w=guh}} ya latînî (&gt; {{q|fr|oreille}} ya fransî), {{g|ru|ухо|tr=úxo|w=guh}} ya rusî...

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[hoş]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|hiş, aqil, eql, zihn}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mendje|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Verstand|n}}, {{W+|de|Geist|n}}, {{W+|de|Sinn|n}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|አዕምሮ}}
* {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|-́niʼ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|minte}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|মন}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|mente|m}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ケウトゥㇺ|tr=kewtum}}, {{W-|ain|ラㇺ|tr=ram}}, {{W-|ain|ラマ|tr=rama}}, {{W-|ain|ラマッ|tr=ramat}}, {{W-|ain|ラム|tr=ramu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ağıl}}, {{W+|az|fikir}}, {{W-|az|zehin}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|adimen}}, {{W+|eu|buru}}, {{W-|eu|gogo}}, {{W+|eu|sen}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|аҡыл}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ро́зум|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|মন}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|poell|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ум|n}}, {{W-|bg|ра́зум|n}}, {{W-|bg|ми́съл|m}}, {{W-|bg|а́къл|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|စိတ်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|mysl|m}}, {{W+|cs|rozum}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎣᏓᏅᏛ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|智力|tr=zhìlì}}, {{W+|cmn|悟性|tr=wùxìng}}, {{W-|cmn|精神|tr=jīngshén}}, {{W+|cmn|心智|tr=xīnzhì}}
* {{Z|apm}}: {{W-|apm|-́nii}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|кувчемгъон|tr=kuvčemgʺon}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|sind|nt}}, {{W+|da|sjæl|g}}; {{W+|da|indstilling|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عَقْل|n}}, {{W-|ar|ذِهْن|n}}, {{W-|ar|خَلَد|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|عقل|n|tr=ʿaʾl}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|عَقِل|n|tr=ʿagil}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|բանականություն}}, {{W+|hy|խելք}}
*: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|միտ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|menso}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|mõistus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ذهن|tr=zehn}}, {{W+|fa|عقل|tr='aql}}
*: {{Z|pal}}: {{W-|pal|mānag}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mieli}}, {{W+|fi|järki}}, {{W+|fi|ymmärrys}}, {{W+|fi|pää}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|esprit|n}}, {{W+|fr|raison|m}}, {{W+|fr|intelligence|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|ment|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|aire|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|mente|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌷𐌿𐌲𐍃|n}}, {{W-|got|𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌹|m}}, {{W-|got|𐌰𐌷𐌰|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|મન}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ჭკუა}}, {{W-|ka|გონება}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|anãngua}}, {{W-|gn|apytu'ũ}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|manaʻo}}, {{W-|haw|waihona}}, {{W-|haw|noʻonoʻa}}, {{W-|haw|naʻau}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|hunahuna}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|मन|n}}, {{W+|hi|दिल|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verstand}}, {{W+|nl|geest}}, {{W+|nl|psyche}}, {{W+|nl|denkvermogen}}, {{W+|nl|rede|g}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|רוּחַ|tr=rúakh|m}}, {{W+|he|מוח|n|tr=móakh|cuda=מוֹח / מֹחַ}}, {{W-|he|שׂכל|n|tr=sekhel}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|mento}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|uchè}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|mōd|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|mind}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|meeli}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|intinn|m}}, {{W-|ga|meabhair|m}}
*: {{Z|mga}}: {{W-|mga|menma|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|menmae|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|mente|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hugur|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|心|tr=こころ, kokoro}}, {{W+|ja|精神|tr=せいしん, seishin}}, {{W+|ja|知性|tr=ちせい, chisei}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|ment|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|акыл}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|마음}}, {{W+|ko|심성}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|гьакъыл|tr=haqıl}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|pruots|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|mens|m}}, {{W+|la|animus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|prāts|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ດວງຈິດ}}, {{W-|lo|ຈິດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|protas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Verstand|n}}, {{W-|lb|Geescht|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ум|n}}, {{W-|mk|разум|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|മനസ്}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|akal}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|għaqal|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|ihomatua}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|मन|nt}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|tuukul}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|értelem}}, {{W+|hu|elme}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|ухаан}}, {{W+|mn|оюун}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|мурун}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|bíniʼ}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|hugur|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|forstand|n}}, {{W-|nb|intellekt|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|esperit|n}}, {{W+|oc|ment|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|ئەقىل}}, {{W-|ug|زېھىن}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|aql}}, {{W+|uz|fikr}}, {{W+|uz|zehn}}, {{W+|uz|ong}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|sati|m}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|ذهن|n|tr=zehn}}, {{W+|ps|عقل|n|tr=áqəl}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|kata}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|rozum|m-in}}, {{W+|pl|umysł|m-in}}, {{W+|pl|um}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|mente|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|ақыл}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲙⲉⲩⲓ|n}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|mént|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|minte|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ум|n}}, {{W-|ru|ра́зум|n}}, {{W-|ru|рассу́док|n}}, {{W-|ru|интелле́кт|n}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|ро́зум|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|मनस्|nt}}, {{W+|sa|चित्|m}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|mente}}, {{W-|sc|menti}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|у̑м|n}}, {{W-|sh|ра̏зӯм|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ȗm|n}}, {{W+|sh|rȁzūm|n}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|оумъ|n}}, {{W-|cu|разоумъ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|розумъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|myseľ|m}}, {{W-|sk|rozum|n}}, {{W-|sk|myslenie|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|um|n}}, {{W-|sl|razum|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mente|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|förstånd|nt}}, {{W+|sv|intellekt|g}}, {{W+|sv|psyke|nt}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|âkili|c9}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|ағыл|tr=ağıl}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ақл}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|จิตใจ}}, {{W+|th|จิต}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|మనసు}}, {{W-|te|దిమాక్}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|зиһен}}, {{W+|tt|акыл}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|akıl}}, {{W+|tr|zihin}}, {{W+|tr|us}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|akyl}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སེམས}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|palsko}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|عقل|tr='aql}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ро́зум|n}}, {{W-|uk|ум|n}}, {{W-|uk|інтеле́кт|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tinh thần}}, {{W+|vi|lòng}}, {{W+|vi|tâm trí}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|meddwl|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សតិ}}
* {{Z|apj}}: {{W-|apj|-́nii}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|νους|n}}, {{W+|el|διάνοια|m}}, {{W+|el|μυαλό|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|νοῦς|n}}, {{W-|grc|φρήν|m}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|ingqondo}}

{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|mind|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75872983}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# {{maneid|ku|bêdeng}} [[bêdeng]], [[bêpêjn]]:
#: {{nm|ku|Hiş be!|Bêdeng be! Neaxive!|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew qet '''hiş''' nabe!|Ew her diaxive. Ew berdewam dipeyive.|rêz=1}}
# [[aşt]], [[aram]], [[tena]], [[rihet]]:
#: {{nm|ku|Dayikê zarokê xwe '''hiş''' kir.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|hêj&lt;pos:2&gt;
|hêş
|hij
|his&lt;pos:2&gt;
|huj
|huş
|hus
|wij
|wis
|wuj
|wus
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hiş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hiş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hiş çûn
|hişbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hişkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hişçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hişbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hişkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hişçûyî
|hişandin
|hişandî
|hişî
|hişîn
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|still}}, {{W+|de|schweigen}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|унчукпа-}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|ці́хі|n}}, {{W-|be|маўча́ць|impf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|খামোশ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|тих}}, {{W+|bg|безшумен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|တိတ်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|tichý}}, {{W+|cs|mlčet}} 
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|安靜|tr=on1 zing6}}, {{W-|yue|恬靜|tr=tim4 zing6, tim5 zing6}}, {{W-|yue|靜|tr=zing6}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|安靜|tr=ôn-chhin}}, {{W-|hak|恬靜|tr=tiâm-chhin}}, {{W-|hak|恬|tr=tiâm}}, {{W-|hak|恬恬|tr=tiâm-tiâm}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|安靜|tr=ānjìng}}, {{W+|cmn|恬靜|tr=tiánjìng}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|安靜|tr=an-chēng}}, {{W+|nan|恬恬|tr=tiām-tiām}}, {{W+|nan|恬靜|tr=tiām-chēng}}, {{W+|nan|恬|tr=tiām}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|صَامِت}}, {{W-|ar|سَاكِت}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|ساكت|n|tr=saket}}, {{W-|arz|ساكتة|m|tr=sakta}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խաղաղ}}, {{W+|hy|հանգիստ}}, {{W+|hy|հանդարտ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kvieta}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|خاموش|tr=xâmuš}}, {{W-|fa|بی‌صدا|tr=bi-sedâ}}, {{W+|fa|آرام|tr=ârâm}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hiljainen}}, {{W+|fi|äänetön}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|silencieux|n}}, {{W+|fr|se taire}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ჩუმი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|चुप}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|stil}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|swīġe}}, {{W-|ang|swīgian}} 
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|silent}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|hiljain}}, {{W-|izh|äänetöin}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|i do [[tost|thost]]}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|silenzioso}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hljóður|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|[[静か]]な|tr=shizuka na}}, {{W-|ja|[[無音]]の|tr=muon no}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|silenciós|n}}, {{W+|ca|callar}} 
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|upalla}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|унчукпоо}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|조용하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|kluss|n}}, {{W-|ltg|trāps}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|silens}}, {{W-|la|tacitus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|kluss|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ມິດ}}, {{W-|lo|ນິ້ງ}}, {{W-|lo|ສງັດ}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|тих}}, {{W-|mk|молчи|impf}}, {{W-|mk|ќу́ти|impf}} 
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|sieket|n}}, {{W-|mt|siekta|m}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|mōhū}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|csendes}}, {{W+|hu|hangtalan}}, {{W+|hu|zajtalan}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|silencieux}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|lydløs}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|silenciós|n}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|صوص|tr=sus}}, {{W-|ota|خاموش|tr=hamuş}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|stell}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|cichy}}, {{W+|pl|bezszelestny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|silencioso}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|liniștit}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ти́хий}}, {{W+|ru|молча́ть|impf}} 
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|swigon}} 
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|jaskat}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|tih|n}}
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|му́чати|impf}}, {{W-|sh|тих}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|múčati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|tih}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|tichý}}, {{W-|sk|mlčať|impf}} 
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|tih}}, {{W+|sl|molčati|impf}} 
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|mjelcaś|impf}} 
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|silencioso}}, {{W+|es|callar}} 
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tyst}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|tahimik}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เงียบ}}, {{W+|th|นิ่ง}}, {{W+|th|สงัด}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sessiz}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ти́хий}}, {{W-|uk|мовча́ти|impf}} 
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|yên lặng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|stilik}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|tewi}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ស្ងៀម}}, {{W+|km|ស្ងាត់}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שטום}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αθόρυβος}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἤρεμος}}, {{W-|grc|ἀκέων}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|silent|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75881485}}

=== Baneşan ===
{{baneşan|ku}}
# [[bêdeng]] be, [[bêdeng]] bin!:
# ''Hiş, qet neaxive!'' (Bêdeng be, hîç nepeyive!)

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|still}}, {{W+|de|pst}}, {{W+|de|pscht}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|pst}}, {{W+|cs|pšt}}, {{W+|cs|ticho}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|噓|tr=xū, shī}}
* {{Z|ar}}: !{{W-|ar|صَمْتًا}}, !{{W+|ar|صَهٍ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|هس!|tr=huss|sc=Arab}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|սո՛ւս}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ŝŝ}}, {{W-|eo|ĉit}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|هیس|tr=hiss}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|shh}}, {{W+|fi|hys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|chut}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ჩუ}}, {{W-|ka|ჩუმად}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|sst}} 
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שקט|cuda=שֶׁקֶט|tr=shéket}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|shh}}, {{W+|en|silence}}! be silent (interjection)
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|fuist}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|zitto}}, {{W+|it|silenzio}}, {{W+|it|taci}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|しーっ|tr=shīt|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|叱|tr=[[しっ]], shi|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|moixoni}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|쉿}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|st}}, {{W+|la|taceo|cuda=tacē}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ša}}, {{W+|lt|cit}}, {{W-|lt|ššš}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|cito}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|pszt}}, {{W+|hu|pssz}}, {{W+|hu|csitt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|sza}}, {{W+|pl|ciii}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|psiu}}, {{W-|pt|psst}}, {{W-|pt|shh}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|тсс}}, {{W+|ru|ш-ш-ш}}, {{W+|ru|ти́ше}}, {{W+|ru|ша}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|pst}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|chito}}, {{W+|es|chitón}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|usu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|shh}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|şşş}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|suỵt}}

{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|shh|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75880591}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[hişt]], hiş, [[hê]]:
#: {{mk|tr|'''Hişt''', buraya gel!|Hê, were virê!|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>dg41ehrnuvcrkr374nivu6esqiz4z9y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tenê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10742</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290978</id>
      <parentid>6262404</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290978</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8285" sha1="fhczyaz5xn37eqlyaojtbmj5dgb6c8h" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|tene}}
{{ds|tinê|tenê}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|&quot;t(h)enê}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-tenê.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{hoker|ku}}, {{t-ya req}}
# Ti kes yan tişt li gel ne, ti kes yan tişt pê re na.
#: {{hevmane|ku|tek|tena|tenya|bitenê|yek|bêkes|bêxwedî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''tenê''' hatim.|Ti kes li gel min nehat.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''tenê''' dijî.|Li gel ti kesekî din najî.|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=El-qisse bikî ko dêwê serkeş&lt;br /&gt;Tenha û '''tenê''' biçîte ateş&lt;br /&gt;Fi l-cumle me cumle xas û 'aman}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|bi tenê
|bi tinê
|tinê
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tenê bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tenê kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tenêbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tenêkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tenêbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tenêkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bi tenê
|bitenê
|bitenêtî
|tenêtî
|tenêyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[hevreh]]a {{hv|ckb|تەنیا|tr=tenya}}, {{hv|zza|tenya}}, {{hv|fa|تنها‎|tr=tanhā}}, {{hv|pal|ku|tn'yhʾ|tr=tanīhā}}, ji ''[[ten]]'' ([[leş]]) wek di peyva ''[[tendurist]]'' de.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|tenya|sc=Latn}}, {{W-|ckb|tenha|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: {{W-|sdh|tenya}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|tenya}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|vetëm}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|nur}}, {{W+|de|lediglich}}, {{W+|de|allein}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ancaq}}, {{W-|az|bircə}}, {{W+|az|yalnız}}, {{W-|az|sırf}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|soilik}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|то́лькі|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|са́мо|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|bg|еди́нствено|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|jen}}, {{W+|cs|jenom}}, {{W+|cs|pouze}}, {{W+|cs|jedině}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|淨係|tr=zing6 hai6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|只有|tr=zhǐyǒu}}, {{W+|cmn|惟獨|tr=wéidú}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|儷|tr=nâ}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kun}}, {{W-|da|bare}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|hanya}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|فَقَط}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|միայն}}, {{W+|hy|մենակ}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|vaid}}, {{W+|et|ainult}}, {{W-|et|üksnes}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فقط|tr=faqat}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vain}}, {{W+|fi|ainoastaan}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|seulement}}, {{W-|fr|ne...que}}, {{W+|fr|uniquement}}
*: {{Z|frm}}: {{W-|frm|unicquement}}
* {{Z|ff}}: {{W-|ff|tan}}, {{W-|ff|tun}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|só}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მხოლოდ}}, {{W+|ka|-ღა}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|sèlman}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सिर्फ़}}, {{W+|hi|ही}}, {{W+|hi|फकत}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|alleen}}, {{W-|nl|alleen maar}}, {{W+|nl|enkel}}, {{W+|nl|louter}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|רַק|tr=rak}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|only}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|vaa}}, {{W-|izh|ikkee}}, {{W-|izh|aima}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|solmente}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|solo}}, {{W+|it|soltanto}}, {{W+|it|solamente}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|aðeins}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|だけ|tr=...dake|cuda=...だけ|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|només}}, {{W+|ca|sols}}, {{W+|ca|solament}}, {{W+|ca|únicament}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|만|cuda=...만}}, {{W+|ko|오직}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|solum}}, {{W+|la|modo}}, {{W+|la|tantum}}, {{W-|la|tantummodo}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|tikai}}, {{W-|lv|vienīgi}}, {{W-|lv|vien}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|само}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|മാത്രം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|hanya}}, {{W-|ms|sahaja}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|anahe}}, {{W-|mi|anake}}
* {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|anho}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|csak}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|bare}}
* {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|solament}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|sema}}, {{W-|ppl|cema}}, {{W-|ppl|semaya}}, {{W-|ppl|cemaya}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|blooss}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|tylko}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|apenas}}, {{W+|pt|somente}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|numai}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|то́лько}}, {{W+|ru|лишь}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|лем}}, {{W-|rue|лиш}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|sulu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|само}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|samo}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|len}}, {{W+|sk|iba}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|samo}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sólo}}, {{W+|es|solamente}}, {{W+|es|solo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bara}}, {{W+|sv|endast}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|sule}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sadece}}, {{W+|tr|yalnızca}}, {{W-|tr|bir tek}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|صرف|tr=sirf}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|ті́льки|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|лише́|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|yn unig}}, {{W-|cy|dim ond}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μόνο}}, {{W+|el|μονάχα}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|μόνον}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|only|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75876963}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Bêyî ti kes yan tiştên din.
#: {{nm|ku|Niha ez '''tenê''' li malê me.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Em ne '''tenê''' ne.|Hin kes din jî hene.|rêz=1}}
# [[bêkes|Bêkes]], [[bêxwedî]], [[bêheval]].
#: {{nm|ku|Hûn ne '''tenê''' ne, em heval û hevrêyên we ne.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|bitenê
|bitinê
|tinë
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|allein}}, {{W+|de|einsam}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|allei}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|singur}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|অকলে}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|bakarrik}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|сам}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|сам}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|sám}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|單獨|tr=dāndú}}, {{W+|cmn|獨自|tr=dúzì}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|sanglo}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|وَحِيد}}, {{W-|ar|مُنْفَرِد}}
*: {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|لوحد|tr=lewaḥd-}}
*: {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|لحال|tr=laḥāl-}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|لوحد|tr=lawaḥd-}}, {{W-|ajp|لحال|tr=laḥāl-}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|մենակ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|sole}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|üksi}}, {{W-|et|üksinda}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تنهایی|tr=tanhâyi}}, {{W+|fa|تنها|tr=tanhâ}}, {{W+|fa|یکه|tr=yekke}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W+|fj|taudua}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|yksin}}, {{W+|fi|yksinään}}, {{W+|fi|yksikseen}}, {{W+|fi|itsekseen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|seul}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|sôl}}, {{W-|fur|bessôl}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მარტო}}, {{W-|ka|მარტოხელა}}, {{W-|ka|ეული}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|अकेला}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|alleen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|לְבַד|tr=levád}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|āna}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|alone}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|solo}}, {{W-|it|da solo}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|ein}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|一人|tr=ひとり, hitori}}, {{W+|ja|単独|tr=たんどく, dandoku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|sol}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|홀로}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|solus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|tikai}}, {{W-|lv|viens pats}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ດຽວ}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|ikšiggiņ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|eleng}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|сам}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഒറ്റയ്ക്ക്}}, {{W+|ml|തനിച്ച്}}, {{W+|ml|തനിയെ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|bersendirian}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|waħdi}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tōtahi}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|egyedül}}, {{W-|hu|egymagában}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|alene}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|sol}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ଏକା}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|auleen}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|samotnie}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sozinho}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|āins}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жалғыз}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|sulet}}, {{W-|rm|persul}}, {{W-|rm|parsul}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|singur}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|оди́н}}, {{W+|ru|одино́кий}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|एकाकी}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|solu}}, {{W-|sc|sou}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|sulu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|са̑м}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|sȃm}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|alane}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|sám}}, {{W-|sk|osamote}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|solo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ensam}}, {{W+|sv|allena}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เดียว}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yalnız}}, {{W+|tr|tek}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|اکیلا|tr=akelā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|оди́н}}, {{W-|uk|сам}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|một mình}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|unig}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μόνος}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|1@InsideNeckhigh-FingerUpPalmBack CirclesHoriz}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|ʻáa}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|alone|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75876615}}</text>
      <sha1>fhczyaz5xn37eqlyaojtbmj5dgb6c8h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10744</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290979</id>
      <parentid>6098834</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290979</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2210" sha1="17t9x08fiuavw1aayhbjs44yweklf64" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[tenê|Tenê]] [[yek]], ji [[yek]]ê ne [[zêde]]tir.
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Dem ew didu bûn û gah yek bûn&lt;/br&gt;Geh cot û bi yek ve gah '''tek''' bûn&lt;/br&gt;Tîra ko ji 'acê ber hedef bû}}
# [[kit|Kit]], ne [[cot]].
#: {{nm|ku|1, 3, 5, 7, 9 û hwd. '''tek''' in; 2, 4, 6, 8 10 û hwd. cot in.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tek çûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tekbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tekçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tekbirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tekane
|tekî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|bloß}}, {{W+|de|einzig}}, {{W+|de|solitär}}, {{W+|de|öde|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فرید}}, {{W+|fa|مجرد}}, {{W+|fa|تک}}, {{W+|fa|تنها}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|azygous}}, {{W+|en|only}}, {{W+|en|haplo-}}, {{W+|en|singular}}, {{W+|en|indivertible|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ooo|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|simplex|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wow|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|biricik}}, {{W+|tr|mutlak}}, {{W+|tr|münferit}}, {{W+|tr|müstakil}}, {{W+|tr|salt}}, {{W+|tr|tek}}, {{W+|tr|ünik}}, {{W+|tr|vahit}}, {{W+|tr|yekta}}, {{W+|tr|aksiyon}}, {{W+|tr|eş}}, {{W+|tr|nazar boncuğu}}, {{W+|tr|teferrüt}}, {{W+|tr|tenha}}, {{W+|tr|yeise kapılmak}}, {{W-|tr|bir el|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-tek.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|tr}}
# [[tek]]
#: {{mk|tr|Gerçekten adamın '''teki''' yok.|Bi rastî tekê zilam tune ye.|rêz=1}}
# [[tek]], [[tenê]]
#: {{mk|tr|Önümüzde '''tek''' yol var.|Li ber me tenê riyek heye.|rêz=1}}
# [[fer]], [[kit]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[fer]]
#: {{mk|tr|Ayakkabımın '''teki''' yok.|Fera sola min nîn e.|rêz=1}}
# [[qedehek]]
#: {{mk|tr|İki '''tek''' atıp eve gelmişti.|Du qedeh vexwaribû û hatibû malê.|rêz=1}}
# [[bila]], [[bes]]
#: {{mk|tr|'''Tek''' yesin de ne yerse yesin.|Bila bixwe, çi dixwe bila bixwe.}}
# [[qet]], [[hiç]], [[tu]], [[çu]], [[kit]]
#: {{mk|tr|Bugün pazar, sokaklarda '''tek''' kişi yok.|Îro yekşem e, li kuçeyan tu kes nîn e.}}
# [[sobe]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>17t9x08fiuavw1aayhbjs44yweklf64</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dên</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10768</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290980</id>
      <parentid>6253865</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290980</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1553" sha1="i69b2y46ubqkot8itvmtkgvqhxvj0t9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dên|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bal|Bal]], [[mereq]], [[dîqet]], [[hay]], [[hiş]], [[guh]], [[seh]], [[zihn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Werin '''dêna''' xwe bidinê da hûn bibînin ku çi mirov e.|Seh bikinê yan bala xwe bidinê daku ...}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Dil ji min bir dil ji min&lt;/br&gt;'''Dên''' nedîrê bo 'ebîrê&lt;/br&gt;Xemrî û gîsû herîrê}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dêhn
|dihn
|dîn
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dên kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dênkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dêndan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dênkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha [[dêhn]] û [[dihn]], ji {{deyn|ar|ku|ذهن}} ([[ð]]ihn) ku wek [[zihn]], [[zihin]], [[zihniyet]] jî ketiye kurdî.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Aufmerksamkeit}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Darlehen|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|توجه|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|بینش|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|attention}}, {{W|en|consideration}}, {{W|en|diligence|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|discretion|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|encumbrance|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|dikkat}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[dîn|Dîn]], [[heş]] [[berdayî]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# [[form|Form]]ek [[tewandî]] ye ji lêkera [[hatin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''dên'''.|Ew tên. / Ew dihên. / Ew di rewşa hatinê de ne.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>i69b2y46ubqkot8itvmtkgvqhxvj0t9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>jêr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10808</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290981</id>
      <parentid>6262304</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Daçek */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290981</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5161" sha1="k3qnxpfhf5ehzh6koi0qwnr1k7thlb8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-jêr.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{kîte|ku|jêr}}

=== Daçek ===
[[Wêne:Scenic Jewel (ship, 2013) 009.JPG|thumb|Keştiyek di '''jêr''' pirekê re diçe yan tê.]]
{{daçek|ku}}
# [[xwar|Xwar]]ê, [[bin]]î, ne [[jor]], ne [[silal]], ne [[ser]]î.
#: {{nm|ku|Hatin '''jêr'''.|ji cihekê bilind hatin cihekê nizm|rêz=1}}
# [[başûr|Başûr]], [[cinûb]], [[rex]]ê ku dikeve destê [[çep]]ê dema ku mirov [[berê xwe dan|berê xwe dide]] [[rojava]]yê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ژێر}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|jêl|jêhl|jêhel|jêhil}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|jor}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|evraz
|nişîv
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|jêra
|jêrda
|jêrde
|jêrî
|jêrîn
|jêrva
|jêrve
|jêrxan
|jêrê
|jêrva
|jêrve
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|ژێر|tr=jêr}}, zazakî [[cêr]], farisî {{g|fa|زیر|tr=zîr, zêr}}, belûçî {{g|bal|چره|tr=çire}} û {{g|bal|شره|tr=şire}}, pehlewî ''ejêr, ezêr, heç-ezêr'', avestayî ''heçe-eðeiri'' (ji &quot;heçe = ji&quot; + eðeiri = [[bin]]î), hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} {{recons|ine-pro|sekʷ-}} + {{recons|ine-pro|ndʰero}} ([[çûn]] [[bin]]î). Binêre: [[ji]] + [[ni-]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|xwarê, binî, ji cihekî bilindtir ber bi cihekî nizmtir ve}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|runter}}, {{W+|de|herunter}}, {{W+|de|hinunter}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|dighios}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|aşağı}}, {{W-|az|aşağıya}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|аҫҡа}}, {{W-|ba|түбән}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ўніз|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|надолу}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|охьа}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|dolů}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|下|tr=xià}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ned}}, {{W-|da|nedad}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|تَحْتَ}}, {{W+|ar|تَحْت}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|malsupren}}, {{W+|eo|suben}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|хэргиски}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پایین|tr=pâyin}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|niður}}, {{W-|fo|oman}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W+|fj|ra}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|alas}}, {{W+|fi|alaspäin}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|à bas}}, {{W+|fr|en bas}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|jù}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|del}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sìos}}, {{W-|gd|a-bhuas}}, {{W-|gd|a-bhàn}}, {{W-|gd|a-nuas}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|abaixo}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌸}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|नीचे}}, {{W+|hi|तह}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|beneden|cuda=naar beneden}}, {{W+|nl|neer}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מטה|tr=mat'a}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|niþer}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|down}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|síos}}, {{W-|ga|anuas}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|abbasso}}, {{W+|it|giù}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|niður}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|下|tr=した に, shita ni|cuda=下に|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|avall}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|아래|cuda=아래-에}}, {{W+|ko|아래|cuda=아래-로}}, {{W+|ko|밑|cuda=밑으로}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|war-nans}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|deorsum}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|lejā}}, {{W-|lv|[[uz]] [[leju]]}}, {{W-|lv|lejup}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ລົງ}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|giò}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|надолу|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|baxx}}, {{W-|mt|'l isfel}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|sheese}}, {{W-|gv|neose}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|iho}}, {{W-|mi|ki raro}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|खाली|tr=khālī}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|le}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|yaago}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|dal}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ned}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|aval}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|rauf}}
* {{Z|pox}}: {{W-|pox|ardol}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|na dół}}, {{W+|pl|w dół}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|abaixo}}, {{W-|pt|para baixo}}, {{W+|pt|juso}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਹੇਠਾਂ|tr=heṭhā̃}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|jos}}, {{W-|ro|în jos}}, {{W-|ro|spre-n jos}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|вниз}}, {{W-|ru|кни́зу}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|doon}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|dolu}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|spodaj}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|abajo}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|chini}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ned}}, {{W+|sv|ner}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ลง}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|نیچے|tr=nīce|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|вниз|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|дони́зу|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|уни́з}}, {{W-|uk|доліли́ць}}, {{W-|uk|ниць}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|xó}}, {{W-|vec|zó}}, {{W-|vec|xóxo}}, {{W-|vec|zóxo}}, {{W-|vec|dóxo}}, {{W-|vec|dho}}, {{W-|vec|abaso}}, {{W-|vec|dabaso}}, {{W-|vec|dabas}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|xuống}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ចុះ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|аллара}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κάτω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κάτω}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|down|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75801363}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|ku}}
# [[kurtkirin]] [[jê re]] / [[jê ra]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|أسفل|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الرجع|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|تحت|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}:{{W|en|botton|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|neath|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|the six directions|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|zza}}
# Jêr, [[xwarê]].
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|zza|ciyer}}</text>
      <sha1>k3qnxpfhf5ehzh6koi0qwnr1k7thlb8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mendehoş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10950</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290982</id>
      <parentid>6249191</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290982</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1024" sha1="gz1xof716l4d2n4yrtp1go1sy5b4q14" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|men|de|hoş}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|mendehoş}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[mest]], [[serxweş]], [[jihalçûyî]], [[sermest]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bêhay]], [[bêaga]], [[gêj]], [[bicoş]], [[coşdar]], [[bikêf]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''mendehoş''' im ji ber hatina te.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Coşa Mîhrîcanê ez '''mendehoş''' kirim|sernavê nivîsarek Jîr Dilovan, Rojev.com, 9/2005}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|mendehiş}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mendehoş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mendehoş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mendehoşbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mendehoşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mendehoşbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mendehoşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mendehoşî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{navg|ku|mend|-e-|hoş}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|besoffen}}, {{W+|de|benommen}}, {{W+|de|beduselt}}, {{W+|de|kopflos}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|dazed}}, {{W+|en|stunned}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|mest}}, {{W+|tr|sersem}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gz1xof716l4d2n4yrtp1go1sy5b4q14</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11073</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290983</id>
      <parentid>6262276</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290983</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2837" sha1="qp9fs4jd9gc97k9k92jwvdkl5m81o1g" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-hem.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[herwiha]], [[herwisan]], [[wek]] hev, [[û]], [[jî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hem ez û '''hem''' tu.|em herdu|rêz=1}}
# [[heman]], [[eynî]], [[her]] [[ew]], [[her]] mîna wê / wî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Qedrê Mewlûdê bizanin hûn kebîr&lt;/br&gt;Hem ji bo Bekr û 'Umer hat ev xeber}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|him}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|hem-
|hema
|heman
|hev
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hem kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hemkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
* {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''som'''-'''o'''(&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
*:{{ji|ira-pro||-}}:
::{{ae}}: '''ham'''(&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{peo}}: '''ham'''(&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{pal}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{fa}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{ku}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{bal}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
::{{os}}: '''ām''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;) ...
::({{zza}}: '''ham''') {{ir}}
:{{sa}}: '''sama'''(&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{hy}}: '''ham''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{el}}: '''homo''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{la}}: '''similis''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;)
:{{en}}: '''same''' (&quot;heman, eynî&quot;) ...

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Horn|Horn p.246]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.75]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]] &lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Hevreh:''' [[heman]]&lt;/font&gt;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|auch}}, {{W|de|ebenfalls}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|هم}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|taş|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|hap|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|-daş|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|daş, taş|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|bi}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|bi}}
# [[ew#ku|ew]]
#* {{bêmînak|bi}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-hem.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[daw]], [[dawên]], [[dehmen]], [[livîn]], [[perawêz]], [[hindav]] &lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|pis}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|pis}}
# [[ew#ku|ew]]
#* {{bêmînak|pis}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv|z=}}
# [[mal]], [[xanî]]
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|ebenfalls}}, {{W|de|auch}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-hem.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|tr}}
# {{g|ku|jî}}, {{g|ku|herwiha}}, {{g|ku|hem}}
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tr|jî}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|tk}}
# {{g|ku|jî}}, {{g|ku|herwiha}}, {{g|ku|hem}}
#* {{bêmînak|tk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|jî}}</text>
      <sha1>qp9fs4jd9gc97k9k92jwvdkl5m81o1g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>saziş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11123</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290984</id>
      <parentid>6124135</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290984</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2162" sha1="2t0mz6s4s7nvvscznxymopiv8zgx1ka" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|saziş|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kompromîs|Kompromîs]], [[tawîz]], [[tenezil]], [[lihevkirin]], [[pêkkirin]], [[pejirandin]]a tiştek ji [[daxwaz]]an [[kêm]]tir.
#: {{nm|ku|Destûra Iraqê ne hemî daxwazên kurdan û ne jî yên ereban diparêze ji ber ku '''sazişek''' e di navbera herdu aliyan de.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Wezîrî Derve yê Rûsya ragehand, nabît rêgirî li artêşa Surya bihête kirin di cêbecêkirina biryarên Civata Ewlehyê da bo binbirkirina tîrorê û çi '''sazişê''' bo gropên çekdar yên Surya nakeyn.|Badinan.org, 2020|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630133147/https://badinan.org/2020/02/28/%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A4%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A4-%DA%86-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B4%DB%8E-%D8%A8%DB%86-%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%86%D9%BE%DB%8E%D9%86-%DA%86%DB%95%D9%83%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DB%8C%DB%8E%D9%86-%D8%B3%D9%88/}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Divêt hewla çareserîyeka rîşeyî di gel Bexda biket û '''sazişê''' ji kêmtirîn maf û destkeftên kurdan neket, hewl bidet pişka bodceya Herêmê bê kêmasî ji Bexda wergirît.|gulan-media.com|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630133149/http://gulan-media.com/sorani/articles.php?id=6457&amp;eid=576}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Destûra Iraqê – '''sazişek''' pêkhatî ji mizgîniyan û nakokiyan|Sernavê nivîsarek Bêhrûz Şûcaî, Nefel.com, 9/2005}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|saziş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sazişkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sazişkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sazişî
}}

Ji {{deyn|fa|ku|سازش|tr=sâzeš}} ji {{qe|fa|ساز|tr1=sâz|ـش|tr2=-eš|nekat=1}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kompromiß}}, {{W+|de|Kompromiss|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|kompromis}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|kompromiso}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|compromis}}, {{W+|nl|middenweg}}, {{W-|nl|tussenvoorstel}}, {{W+|nl|vergelijk}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|compromise}}, {{W+|en|accommodation}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|compromesso}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|compromís}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|compromisso}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|compromiso}}, {{W+|es|convenio}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|taviz}}, {{W+|tr|uzlaşma}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2t0mz6s4s7nvvscznxymopiv8zgx1ka</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kurte</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11126</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290985</id>
      <parentid>6097255</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290985</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2184" sha1="t6mif2fyl2u87wti7aob8wrtw1ulb4d" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|kurte-}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kurte|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kurtenav]], [[iqtisar]], [[kurtek]], &lt;br&gt;çend [[tîp]] anku [[herf]] yên ku [[kurtî|kurtiya]] [[gotin]]ekê ne
#: {{nm|ku|KTV '''kurteya''' Televizyona Kurdistanê ye'' &lt;br&gt;''YE '''kurteya''' Yekîtiya Ewropayê ye'' &lt;br&gt;''bZ '''kurteya''' berî Zayînê ne û pZ jî '''kurteya''' piştî Zayînê ye.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[kurtî]], [[kurtkirin]], [[kinî]]}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|kurtebêje}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kurte kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kurtekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kurtekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kurtebirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kurteyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|kurt|-e}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|bekorting}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Abkürzung|f}}, {{W|de|Zusammenfassung|f}}, {{W|de|Exposee|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|اختصار}}, {{W|ar|القباء|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|mallongigo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اختصاری}}, {{W+|fa|کوتاه}}, {{W+|fa|لباس زنانه کردی}}, {{W+|fa|مختصر}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lyhenne}}, {{W+|fi|lyhennys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|abréviation|m}}, {{W+|fr|sigle|n}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|ôfkoarting}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|afkorting}}, {{W+|nl|bekorting}}, {{W+|nl|inkorting}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|abbreviation}}, {{W+|en|abridgement}}, {{W+|en|recapitulation}}, {{W+|en|summary}}, {{W+|en|epitome|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|outline|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|precis|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|synopsis|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|abbreviatee|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|abridged|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|R&amp;D|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|thumbmark|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|thumbnail|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|abbreviazione}}, {{W+|it|abbreviatura}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|singkatan}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|rövidítés}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|abreviashon}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|abreviação}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|abreviación}}, {{W+|es|abreviatura}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|förkortning}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kısaltma}}, {{W+|tr|iktisar}}, {{W+|tr|özet}}, {{W+|tr|zübde}}, {{W+|tr|hulâsa}}, {{W+|tr|AR-GE|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>t6mif2fyl2u87wti7aob8wrtw1ulb4d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kanê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11169</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290986</id>
      <parentid>6130230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290986</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="783" sha1="bmsx7etg3cz5z3d44nh6tsss3kvd53z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[ka]], [[kanî]], li [[kû]] ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Birayê te '''kanê'''?}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kanê''' hûn hemî?}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|کجاست ؟|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|کو؟|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|babbit metal|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}:{{W|tr|hani ya|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# [[form]]ek [[kişandî]] ye ji lêkera '''[[kanîn]]'''
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''kanê''' bêje.|Ew dikare bêje.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji Çirya Paşiyê pê da Melayê Bateyî '''kanê'''&lt;br&gt;Sefer kêşa bi Muksê da li ser weqtê zivistanê.|{{w|Mela Hisênê Bateyî}} (1417-1491)}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji ''[[kanîn]]''.</text>
      <sha1>bmsx7etg3cz5z3d44nh6tsss3kvd53z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>stem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11233</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290987</id>
      <parentid>6262346</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290987</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4607" sha1="nifq7rxcg1iul89wzhiymu7rbs3p33w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|stem|mê}}
[[Wêne:German atrocities. Germany, Poland ^amp, Czechoslovakia - NARA - 292593.jpg|thumb|180px|stem dijî [[sivîl]]an]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Bêyî [[dilxwazî]], bêyî [[rizamendî]], [[darê zorê]], [[zulm]], [[neheqî]], [[xedre]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|zilm|zorî|kotekî|tade|zalimî|mecbûrî|bêdilî|teda|tehde|tede|te'de|te'da}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''stema''' li gelê kurd hatî kirin ne kême gelo...}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=[[nê|Nê]] ji me [[sûc]] û [[xeta]] tên û '''[[sîtem]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Lê ji te [[îhsan]] û [[xufran]] û [[kerem]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سته‌م}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|sitem
|sîtem
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|stem kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|stemkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|stemkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêstem
|bêstemî
|bêstemîtî
|bêstemtî
|bistem
|bistemî
|bistemîtî
|bistemtî
|stemî
|stemkar
|stemkarî
|stemker
|stemkerî
|stemandin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*stembʰH-|w=xwe [[ragirtin]], [[xurt]] bûn, [[xweragir]] bûn, ne[[livîn]], ne[[hejîn]]}}, {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*stemb-}}, [[hevreh]]a sanskrîtî {{g|sa|स्तभ्नोति|tr=stambh-|w=[[ragirtin]]}}, avestayî {{g|ae||tr=stəṇbye|w=[[pevçûn]], [[şer]]}}, pehlewî {{g|pal||tr=stembeg|w=[[dilreq]]; [[serhişk]]}}, farisî {{g|fa|ستم|tr=sitem|w=stem}} û {{g|fa|ستنبه|tr=sitenbe|w=[[xurt]], [[bihêz]]; [[neguhdar]]}}.

==== Werger ====
{{kontrolWerger}}
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Grausamkeit|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|crueldá|m}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|жо́рсткасць|m}}, {{W-|be|лю́тасць|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|жесто́кост|m}}, {{W+|bg|свире́пост|m}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|къизалла}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|krutost|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|殘忍|tr=cánrěn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|grusomhed|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|ظلم|tr=dhulum}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|դաժանություն}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cruauté|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|crudeltât|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|mì-chneastachd|m}}, {{W-|gd|neo-thruacantachd|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|crueldade|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|შეუბრალებლობა}}, {{W-|ka|ულმობელობა}}, {{W-|ka|სისასტიკე}}, {{W-|ka|დაუნდობლობა}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|क्रूरता|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wreedheid|m}}, {{W-|nl|wreedte|m}}, {{W-|nl|gruwzaamheid|m}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|wælhrēownes|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cruelty}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|ainiocht|m}}, {{W-|ga|cruáil|m}}, {{W-|ga|cruálacht|m}}, {{W-|ga|danarthacht|m}}, {{W-|ga|neamhdhuineatacht|m}}, {{W-|ga|turcántacht|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|crudeltà|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|残酷|tr=ざんこくさ, zankoku-sa|cuda=残酷さ|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|crueltat|m}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|잔학}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|immānitās|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|свирепост|m}}, {{W-|mk|суровост|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|grusomhet|n|m}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|crudeltat|m}}, {{W-|oc|cruseltat|m}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|دینسزلك|tr=dinsizlik}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|shafqatsizlik}}

* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|okrucieństwo|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|crueldade|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cruzime|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|жесто́кость|m}}, {{W+|ru|безжа́лостность|m}}, {{W+|ru|бессерде́чность|m}}, {{W+|ru|свире́пость|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|окрутност|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|okrutnost|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|krutosť|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|krutost|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|crueldad|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|grymhet|g}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|жорсто́кість|m}}, {{W+|uk|безсерде́чність|m}}
* {{Z|el}}:
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ὠμότης|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|cruelty|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82027965}}

== {{ziman|af}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|af}}
# {{g|ku|deng}}, {{g|ku|sewt}}, {{g|ku|awaz}}
#* {{bêmînak|af}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|af|deng}}

== {{ziman|nl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nl|z=m}}
# {{g|ku|deng}}, {{g|ku|rey}} (di hilbijartinan de)
#* {{bêmînak|nl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nl|deng}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-stem.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# {{f|en|riweknasî}} [[bistîk]], [[kok]], [[qurm]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}
# {{f|en|zimannasî}} [[rehê lêkerê]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}</text>
      <sha1>nifq7rxcg1iul89wzhiymu7rbs3p33w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sirişt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11458</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290988</id>
      <parentid>6262505</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290988</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6947" sha1="m847jgcem6prnkgyeqj4r95p1yzourd" xml:space="preserve">{{ds|sirişt|sirûşt}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sirişt|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xweza|Xweza]], [[xwerist]], [[nexçer]], [[tebîet]], [[natûr]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Hemû [[riwek]] û [[heywan]] tiştên din yên [[jîndar]].
#: {{nm|ku|Parastina '''siriştê''' pirr giring e.}}
# [[cih|Cih]]ê ku [[riwek]] lê hene; [[erd]]ên ku nehatine [[ava]]kirin yan [[çandin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|çol|derve}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ji '''siriştê''' hez dikim, ji bajaran hez nakim.}}
# [[taybetmendî|Taybetmendiyên]] [[giyanî]] yên kesekî; [[awa]]yê [[jiyan]] û [[kar]]kirina kesekî.
#: {{hevmane|ku|rewişt|reftar}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Siriştê''' wî li min xweş nayê.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|siroşt
|siruşt
|sirûşt
|surişt
|suroşt
|suruşt
|surûşt
|sûrişt
|sûroşt
|sûruşt
|sûrûşt
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|siroş}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|derdor
|hawirdor
|jîngeh
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|siriştdost
|siriştdostî
|sirişthez
|sirişthezî
|siriştiyane
|siriştî
|siriştparêz
|siriştparêzî
|siriştyar
|siriştyarî
|siriştzanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fa|ku|سرشت|tr=serešt}}, ji {{q|fa|سرشتن|tr=sirişten|w=strandin, hevîr guvaştin hev}}, hevreha {{q|ku|strandin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|аԥсабара}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|природ}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|natuur}}
* Albanian:{{W+|sq|mjedis}}, {{W+|sq|natyrë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Natur|m}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ተፈጥሮ}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|natura|m}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܟܝܵܢܵܐ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|fise|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|প্ৰকৃতি}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|təbiət}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|тәбиғәт}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|прыро́да|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|প্রকৃতি}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|приро́да|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|သဘာဝ}}, {{W+|my|စရိုက်}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|байгаали}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|příroda|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|自然|tr=zi6 jin4}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|зыжан}}, {{W-|dng|зохуа}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|自然|tr=zìrán}}, {{W+|cmn|造化}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|自然|tr=chū-liân / chīr-liân / chū-jiân / chī-liân}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|自然}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ҫутҫанталӑк}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|natur|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|alam}}, {{W+|id|kodrat}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|طَبِيعَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|طبيعة|m|tr=ṭabīʿa}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|բնություն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|naturo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|loodus}}
* {{Z|pal}}: {{W-|pal|𐭰𐭩𐭧𐭫}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|طبیعت|tr=tabi'at}}, {{W+|fa|سرشت|tr=serešt}}, {{W+|fa|نهاد|tr=nahâd, nehâd}}, {{W+|fa|چهر|tr=čehr}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|luonto}}, {{W+|fi|ympäristö}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|nature|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|nàdar|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|natureza|m}}, {{W-|gl|naturanza|m}}, {{W+|gl|natura|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|પ્રકૃતિ}}, {{W-|gu|કુદરત}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ბუნება}}, {{W-|ka|გარემო}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|nati}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|प्रकृति|m}}, {{W+|hi|फ़ितरत|m}}, {{W+|hi|तबीयत|m}}, {{W-|hi|क़ुदरत|m}}, {{W+|hi|कुदरत|m}}, {{W+|hi|फितरत|m}}, {{W+|hi|निसर्ग|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|natuur|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|טֶבַע|n|tr=téva}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|naturo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ġecynd|m}}, {{W-|ang|wist|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|nature}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|nádúr}}, {{W-|ga|an dúlra}}, {{W-|ga|dúlra}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|natura|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|náttúra|m}}, {{W+|is|umhverfi|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|自然|tr=しぜん, shizen}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|природэ}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|йиртмҗ}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ನಿಸರ್ಗ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|natura|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|sallqa}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жаратылыш}}, {{W+|ky|табият}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|සොබාදහම}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|자연}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|nātūra|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|vide|m}}, {{W+|lv|daba|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ທຳມະຊາດ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|тӏебиат}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|gamta|m}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦉᦳᧄᦘᦱᧇ}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|природа|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പ്രകൃതി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|alam semulajadi}}, {{W-|ms|semulajadi}}, {{W-|ms|tabiat}}, {{W+|ms|alam}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|ao tūroa}}, {{W-|mi|aotūroa}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|निसर्ग}}
* {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|пӱртӱс}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|természet}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|перьфпяль}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|байгаль}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|tłʼóoʼdi}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|natuur|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|natur|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|natur|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|natura|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ପ୍ରକୃତି}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|ӕрдз}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|تەبىئەت}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|tabiat}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|طبيعت|n|tr=tabi'át}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|natura|m}}, {{W+|pl|przyroda|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|natureza|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਕੁਦਰਤ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|табиғат}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|natură|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|приро́да|m}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|приро́да|m}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|प्रकृति|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|при́рода|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|príroda|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|príroda|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|narava|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|naturaleza|m}}, {{W+|es|natura|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mazingira}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|natur|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|табиат}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|kalikasan}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|இயற்கை}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ธรรมชาติ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ప్రకృతి}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|tabiat}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|табигать}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ተፈጥሮ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tabiat}}, {{W+|tr|doğa}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|tebigat}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|རང་བྱུང}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|инкуазь}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|فِطْرَت|m|tr=fitrat}}, {{W-|ur|طَبِیعَت|m|tr=tabī'at}}, {{W-|ur|قُدْرَت|m|tr=qudrat}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|приро́да|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|ngoài trời}}, {{W+|vi|tự nhiên}}, {{W+|vi|nguyên thủy}}, {{W+|vi|tạo hóa}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|nat}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ធម្មជាតិ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|айылҕа}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|נאַטור|m}}, {{W-|yi|סבֿיבֿה|m|tr=svive}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φύση|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|φύσις|m}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|mbwnnamh}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|nature|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75872877}}</text>
      <sha1>m847jgcem6prnkgyeqj4r95p1yzourd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fêr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11651</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290989</id>
      <parentid>6281079</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290989</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1204" sha1="d76jzmdbjgi8u621t6k85mok5e2721u" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|fêr}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[hîn]], [[perwerde]], [[elimî]], [[elimtî]], [[hînbûyî]], [[xwenda]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Fêr''' bûn|[[hîn]] bûn, [[elimîn]]|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Fêr''' kirin.|[[hîn]] kirin, [[elimandin]]|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|fêl}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فێر}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fêr bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fêr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fêrbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fêrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fêrbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|fêrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|fêrber
|fêrberî
|fêrgeh
|fêrgehî
|fêrî
|fêrkar
|fêrkarî
|fêrker
|fêrkerî
|fêrnas
|fêrnasî
|fêrzan
|fêrzanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Lektion|f}}, {{W|de|Unterricht|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Vorlesung|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آموخته}}, {{W+|fa|یادگیری}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|leçon}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cognizant}}, {{W+|en|knowledgeability}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ders}}, {{W+|tr|öğretim}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|rgn}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|rgn}}
# [[kirin#ku|kirin]]
#* {{bênimûne|rgn}}</text>
      <sha1>d76jzmdbjgi8u621t6k85mok5e2721u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mişe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11858</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290990</id>
      <parentid>6249458</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290990</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1337" sha1="eevrsmksuy1va9o3wwbwirgj73t9z69" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[gelek|Gelek]], [[pirr]], [[zaf]], [[zêde]], [[zor]], [[zehf]], [[rewş]]a [[zêdebûn]]a [[hejmar]]a [[tişt]]ek yan [[kes]] yan her çibe.
#: {{nm|ku|Li van dumahîka pêşî yê '''mişe''' dibin.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مشه‌}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mişa
|muşa
|muşe
}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|zêde bûn}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|hindik
|kêm
|piçek
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mişe bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mişe kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mişebûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mişekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mişebûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mişekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mişehî
|mişetî
|mişeyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Têkildarî [[mişt]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|reichlich}}, {{W|de|Überfülle|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Volksmund|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|lot}}, {{W|en|remuneration}}, {{W|en|exuberant|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|lavish|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|plentiful|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|murrain|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|vermouth|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|vernacular|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|exube'rant|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|plenitudinous|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bir dolu}}, {{W|tr|bol}}, {{W|tr|çok}}, {{W|tr|ziyade}}, {{W|tr|dolu yağmak}}, {{W|tr|ücret}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>eevrsmksuy1va9o3wwbwirgj73t9z69</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>awdest</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11943</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290991</id>
      <parentid>6264829</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290991</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="724" sha1="kjk56yimp9d7fshfwlgo1853z98v9zo" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# {{guharto|ku|avdest}}

== {{ziman|zza}}==

===Bilêvkirin===
* {{zza-IPA|aw&quot;dest}}
* {{deng|zza|LL-Q10199_(zza)-Mirzali-abdest.wav|dever=Pilemor}}
* {{zza-kîte}}

===Navdêr===
[[Wêne:Wudu in turkey.jpg|thumb|right|Awdest û awdestxane.]]
{{navdêr|zza|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|avdest}} {{îzah|şuştinê bedenê {{g|ku|nimêj|bernimêjê}} yê {{g|ku|îslamî}}}}
#: {{nm|zza|'''Awdest''' ver nimajî lazim o.| Avdest ber nimêjê lazim e.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|zza|abdest|z=n}}

====Jê====
* {{g|zza|awdest girewtene}}
* {{g|zza|awdest kerdene}}
* {{g|zza|awdestxane|z=n}}

====Bide ber====
* {{g|zza|destawe|z=m}}

====Tewandin====
{{zza-tewîn-nav}}</text>
      <sha1>kjk56yimp9d7fshfwlgo1853z98v9zo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hejmartin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12155</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290992</id>
      <parentid>6242742</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290992</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8454" sha1="kf41zi5t2rbtkhmcqp4ak06udtpxj6h" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|hejmartin|form=gerguhêz|niha=hejmêr|borî=jimart}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[hejmar|Hejmar]]an [[li pey]] [[hev]] [[gotin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Tu dizanî ji yekê heta sedê bihejmêrî?}}
# [[jimar|Jimar]]a tiştekî [[diyar]] kirin, [[çendî|çendiya]] tiştekî [[xuya]] kirin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|hesibandin|hesab kirin}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gelo te '''hejmartine''' ka ev hemû dibin çend?}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[hesibandin|Hesibandin]], [[qebûl kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ez te wek birayê xwe '''dihejmêrim'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هه‌ژمارتن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|hejmardin
|jijmartin
|hêjmardin
|hêjmartin
|hijmardin
|hijmartin
|jimardin
|eşmardin
|hemcartin
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|hiljimartin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hejmarî
|hejmartî
|hejmêrhez
|hejmêrhezî
|hejmêrkar
|hejmêrkarî
|hejmêrnas
|hejmêrnasî
|hejmêrvan
|hejmêrvanî
|hejmêryar
|hejmêryarî
|hejmêrzan
|hejmêrzanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|ira-pro|ku|*abi-šmār-ta}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|tel}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|bilang}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|njeh}}, {{W+|sq|numëroj}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|zählen}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Siryanî: {{W-|syc|ܡܢܐ|tr=mna|sc=Syrc}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|contar}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|saymaq}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|рахава́ць}}, {{W-|be|лічы́ць|impf}}, {{W-|be|палічы́ць|pf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|গণনা}}, {{W+|bn|গোনা}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|kontañ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|бро́я|impf}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ရေ}}, {{W+|my|ရေတွက်}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|лара}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|počítat|impf}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏓᏎᎯᎭ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|數|tr=shǔ}}, {{W-|cmn|計數|tr=jìshù}}, {{W+|cmn|計算|tr=jìsuàn}}, {{W+|cmn|算|tr=suàn}}, {{W+|cmn|點|tr=diǎn}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|embruar}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tælle}}
* {{Z|sce}}: {{W-|sce|toula}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|rekken}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|menghitung}}, {{W+|id|hitung}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عَدَّ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|عدّ|tr=ʕadd}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հաշվել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|kalkuli}}, {{W-|eo|nombri}}, {{W-|eo|numeri}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|loendama}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شمردن|tr=šomordan}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|telja}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|laskea}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|compter}}
*: {{Z|frm}}: {{W-|frm|compter}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|conter}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|räägne}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|contar}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|დათვლა}}, {{W-|ka|თვლა}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|konte}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|helu}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|bilang}}, {{W-|mba|ihap}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|गिनना}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|tellen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|סָפַר|tr=safár|sc=Hebr}}, {{W+|he|מָנָה|tr=maná|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|kontar}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|tellan}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|counten}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|count}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|lukkia}}, {{W-|izh|laskia}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|лархӏа}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|ríomh}}, {{W-|ga|áirigh}}, {{W-|ga|comhair}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|contare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|telja}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|数える|tr=かぞえる, kazoeru|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|ngetung}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|kisitsivoq}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|lëczëc}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|comptar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|yupay}}, {{W-|qu|yupai}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|саноо}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|ගණිනවා}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|артавны}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|hisaɓu|cuda=uhisaɓu}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|세다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|saskaiteit}}, {{W-|ltg|skaitļuot}}, {{W-|ltg|skaiteit}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|numerō}}, {{W-|la|computō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|skaitīt}}, {{W-|lv|rēķināt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ນັບ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|skaičiuoti}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|zielen}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|брои|impf}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|എണ്ണുക}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kira}}, {{W+|ms|bilang}}, {{W+|ms|hitung}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|għadd}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|bilang}}, {{W-|msk|isip}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tatau}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|bilang}}, {{W-|mrw|itong}}, {{W-|mrw|iap}}, {{W-|mrw|isip}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|számol}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|тоолох}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|pōhua}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|ííníshtaʼ}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|गन्नु}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|telja}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|telle}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|telja}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|comptar}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|lakkaa'uu}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|سانىماق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|sanamoq}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|reku}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|liczyć|impf}}, {{W+|pl|policzyć|pf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|contar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|санау}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|tataku}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|enumerar}}, {{W-|rm|dumbrar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|număra}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|счита́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|посчита́ть|pf}}, {{W+|ru|счесть|pf}}, {{W+|ru|сосчита́ть|pf}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|lohkat}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|गणयति}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|ihap}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|бро̀јати|impf}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|bròjati|impf}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|чисти|impf}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|počítať|impf}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|šteti|impf}}, {{W-|sl|prešteti|pf}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|licyś|impf}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|ličić|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|contar}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|étang}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|räkna}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|шумурдан}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|எண்ணு}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|itung}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|นับ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|లెక్కించు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|санарга}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|sura}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|saymak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|sanamak}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎒𐎔𐎗}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|گنا|tr=ginnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|рахува́ти|impf}}, {{W-|uk|лічи́ти|impf}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đếm}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|numön}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|conter}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|រាប់}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ציילן}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μετράω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀριθμέω}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|telle}}

* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|Flat9@BasePalm-PalmDown-FlatB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp Flat9@InFinger-PalmDown-FlatB@CenterChesthigh}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|count|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76283287}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hejmartin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[gotin|Gotin]]a [[hejmar]]an [[li pey]] [[hev]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hejmartina''' ji yekê heta sedê.}}
# [[hesabkirin|Hesabkirin]], [[hesibandin]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hejmartina''' çivîkên ku di refekê de digirin ne hêsan e.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zählen}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|cuenta|m}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|лік|n}}, {{W-|be|падлі́к|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|смятане|nt}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tælling|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حسب}}, {{W+|ar|عدد}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|loendus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شمارش|tr=šomâreš}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|compte|n}}, {{W+|fr|décompte|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|conta|m}}, {{W+|gl|conto|n}}, {{W-|gl|reconto|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|telling}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|counting}}, {{W+|en|count}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|conto|n}}, {{W+|it|conteggio|n}}, {{W+|it|calcolo|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|talning|m}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|comptatge|n}}, {{W+|ca|compte|n}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|yupa}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|эсеп}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|összeszámlálás}}, {{W+|hu|megszámlálás}}, {{W+|hu|számolás}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|opptelling|n|m}}, {{W-|nb|telling|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|oppteljing|m}}, {{W-|nn|teljing|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|liczenie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|contagem|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|socoti}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|счёт|n}}, {{W+|ru|подсчёт|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cuenta|m}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sayış}}, {{W+|tr|sayma}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|лічба́|m}}, {{W-|uk|лічі́ння|nt}}, {{W-|uk|лі́чення|nt}}, {{W-|uk|лік|n}}, {{W-|uk|підраху́нок|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μέτρημα|nt}}, {{W+|el|μέτρηση|m}}, {{W+|el|καταμέτρηση|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|count|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76283287}}</text>
      <sha1>kf41zi5t2rbtkhmcqp4ak06udtpxj6h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>jimartin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290993</id>
      <parentid>6283099</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290993</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1846" sha1="9i24o5w5tdmlcauagsj64hmv16mk6b6" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ʒɘmʌːɾˈtɘn/}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|hejmartin|form=gerguhêz|niha=jmêr|borî=jimart}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}, {{r-ya nerm}}, {{t-ya nerm}}
# [[hesibandin]], [[hesab]] kirin, [[hisêb]] kirin, &lt;br /&gt;[[jimar]]a tiştekê/î [[diyar]] kirin, [[çendî|çendiya]] tiştekê/î [[xuya]] kirin
#* {{jêder|ku|2=1937, Têmûrê Xelîl Mûradov, Nezerê Mêrxas|jêgirtin=Dixwaze ku '''bijmêre''', wekî bi derbekê çend mêş kuşt, nikare.}}
# [[danîn]], [[hesab]] kirin
#: {{nm|ku|Ez te wekî birayê xwe '''dijmêrim'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هه‌ژمارتن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{herwiha|ku|hejmartin|hejmardin|jijmartin|hijmardin|hijmartin|jimardin|şimartin|eşmardin|micartin}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|hiljimartin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|jimarî
|jimartî
|jimarhez
|jimarhezî
|jimarkar
|jimarkarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}} : [[amaritene]], [[amartiş|amaritiş]], [[hûmaritene]], [[hûmaritiş]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Rechnen}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حسب}}, {{W|ar|عدد}}, {{W|ar|حساب|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|التعداد|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|شمارش}}, {{W|fa|حساب}}, {{W|fa|شماریدن}}, {{W|fa|شمردن}}, {{W|fa|حساب کردن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|calculating}}, {{W|en|count}}, {{W|en|roll call}}, {{W|en|calculate}}, {{W|en|reckon}}, {{W|en|reckoning}}, {{W|en|counting}}, {{W|en|enumeration}}, {{W|en|computation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|consider}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|addedilmek}}, {{W|tr|sayış}}, {{W|tr|sayma}}, {{W|tr|saymak}}, {{W|tr|tadat etmek}}, {{W|tr|tadat}}, {{W|tr|sayışmak}}, {{W|tr|sayışma}}, {{W|tr|saydırma|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|saydırmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9i24o5w5tdmlcauagsj64hmv16mk6b6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pîroz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12194</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290994</id>
      <parentid>6253249</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290994</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6199" sha1="81c9gptc1i6e1xdz0qlufe59lvoknp8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|pî|roz}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|pîroz}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{p-ya nerm}}, {{r-ya nerm}}
# [[xweş|Xweş]], [[bixêr]], [[xêrdar]], [[bimibarek]], [[mubarek]].
#: {{nm|ku|Cejna we '''pîroz''' be!}}
#: {{nm|ku|Newroz '''pîroz''' kirin.}}
# [[mibarek|Mibarek]], [[tiberrk]], [[miqedes]], [[qudsî]], [[evra]], [[xwedayî]], [[yezdanî]], [[olî]], [[dînî]], [[ayînî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Qurana '''pîroz'''.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Îd e û herkes ji dîdara te lê '''pîroz''' e 'îd&lt;/br&gt;'Îd e û herkes ji dîdara te lê '''pîroz''' e 'îd}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پیرۆز}}
* {{ku-kr|пироз}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|pêroz}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|fîroz}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pîroz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pîroz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pîrozbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pîrozkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pîrozbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pîrozkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pîrozbahî
|pîrozbayî
|pîrozgeh
|pîrozî
|pîrozker
|pîrozname
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|fa|پیروز|tr=pêrûz|w=serketî}}, {{hv|pal|tr=pêrôz}}, {{hv|peo|*Pariaujah|w=serketî}}, dabestî ji {{q|ira-pro|*pari|tr=peri|w=li dor}} + {{q|ira-pro|*aujah|tr=ewceh|w=hêz}} (&gt;{{q|ku|hêz}}). Yeksanî {{heve|ku|ber-|hêz}}.

Bide ber pêşnavê {{hv|xcl|-}} {{q|xcl|Վարազ-Պերոժ}}, navên cihan {{q|xcl|Պերոժ-Կաւատ}}, {{q|xcl|Հրաքոտպերոժ}}, {{q|xcl|Սպանդարանպերոժ}}, {{q|xcl|Որմզդպերոժ}} û herwiha pêşnavê {{q|xcl|Պելուժավր}}, tev deynên ji îranî.

Ramana rastîn ''bihêz'' û ''serketî'' û ''serfiraj'' bû, wateya dînwer di kurdî de paşê wergirtiye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|xag}}: {{W-|xag|𐕌𐕒𐕡𐕟𐕒𐕡𐕙}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|shenjtë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|heilig}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ቅዱስ}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|sãntu}}, {{W-|rup|sãmtu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|müqəddəs}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|мөҡәддәс}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|святы́|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|be|свяшчэ́нны|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|свят|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|bg|свеще́н|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|chg}}: {{W-|chg|مقدس}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|svatý}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|神聖|tr=shénshèng}}, {{W+|cmn|聖|tr=shèng}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|suant}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|hellig}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kudus}}, {{W+|id|keramat}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُقَدَّس|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|مقدس|tr=muʔaddas}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|սուրբ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|sankta}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|püha}}
* {{Z|gez}}: {{W-|gez|ቅዱስ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مقدس|tr=moqaddas}}, {{W-|fa|اسپنتا|tr=espantâ}}, {{W+|fa|سپنتا|tr=sepantâ}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|heilagur}}, {{W-|fo|halgur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pyhä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|saint}}, {{W+|fr|sacré}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|sant}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|naomh}}, {{W-|gd|coisrigte}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|sagrado|n}}, {{W+|gl|sacro|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|წმინდა}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|marangatu}}
* {{Z|hid}}: {{W-|hid|xubáa}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पवित्र|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|heilig}}, {{W+|nl|sacraal}}, {{W+|nl|gewijd}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|heilich}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|קדוש|n|tr=ka'dosh|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|he|קדושה|m|tr=kdo'sha|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|hāliġ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|holy}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|beannaithe}}, {{W-|ga|naofa}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|santo}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sacro}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|heilagur}}, {{W-|is|helgur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|神聖|tr=しんせい, shinsei|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|聖|tr=せいなる, sei naru|cuda=聖なる|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|illernartoq}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|swiãti}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|sagrat}}, {{W+|ca|sagrada|m}}, {{W+|ca|sant|n}}, {{W+|ca|santa|m}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|거룩하다|cuda=거룩한}}, {{W+|ko|신성|cuda=신성한}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|sacer}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|svēts}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|šventas}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|helleg}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|свет|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പരിശുദ്ധ}}, {{W+|ml|വിശുദ്ധ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|suci}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|tapu}}
* {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|шнуй}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szent}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|ḏsr|h=Dsr:r}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|diyin}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|saint}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|hellig}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|sant}}
*: {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|sant}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|مقدس|tr=mukaddes}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|مۇقەددەس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|muqaddas}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|heilich}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|święty|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|santo}}, {{W+|pt|sagrado}}, {{W+|pt|sacro}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|tapu}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|sontg}}, {{W-|rm|sogn}}, {{W-|rm|son}}, {{W-|rm|sench}}, {{W-|rm|sonch}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|sfânt|n|nt}}, {{W+|ro|sfântă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|свято́й}}, {{W+|ru|свяще́нный}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|santu}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|santu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|свет}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|svet}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|haly}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|свѧтъ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|svätý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|svet}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|swěty}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|santo}}, {{W+|es|sagrado}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|helig}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ศักดิ์สิทธิ์|tr=sàk sìt}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|мөкаддәс}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kutsal}}, {{W+|tr|mukaddes}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|mukaddes}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎖𐎄𐎌}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|مقدس|tr=muqaddas}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|святи́й|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|свяще́нний|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|santo}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thánh}}, {{W+|vi|thần thánh}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|sanctaidd}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|הייליק|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|tanqilria}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|άγιος}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἅγιος}}, {{W-|grc|ἱερός}}, {{W-|grc|ὅσιος}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|holy|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76480008}}</text>
      <sha1>81c9gptc1i6e1xdz0qlufe59lvoknp8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rojî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12257</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290995</id>
      <parentid>6242844</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:07:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290995</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5865" sha1="fx8frezn06ggzbd749moiey5rbjmfbe" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rojî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xwarin|nexwarin]] û [[vexwarin|venexwarin]]a ti tiştî ji [[rojhilatin]]ê ta [[rojavabûn]]ê &lt;br&gt;(bi taybetî di [[Îslam]]ê de li [[meh]]a [[remezan]]ê)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[greva birçîbûnê|Greva birçîbûnê]], nexwarina ti tiştî.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

====Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|ڕۆژی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rocî
|roji
|rojû
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rojî girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rojî xwarin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|birojîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rojîgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rojîxwarin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rojîgirtî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêrojî
|bêrojîtî
|birojî
|birojîtî
|rojîgir
|rojîgirî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, têkilî [[roj]], [[hevreh]]a soranî {{g|ckb|ڕۆژوو}} / [[rojû]], zazakî [[roce]], farisî {{g|fa|روزه}} (rûzê), sogdî ''roçeg''. [[oruç|Oruç]] ya tirkî ji zimanekî îranî ye û &quot;[[o]]&quot; li destpêkê zêde bûye, wek çawa ku di tirkî de [[i|İ]] li destpêka peyva [[Stenbol]] jî hatiye zêde kirin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|nexwarin û venexwarin|1}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|puasa}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|agjërim|n}}, {{W+|sq|kreshmë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Fasten|nt}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|arc|צומא}}
*: Siryanî: {{W-|syc|ܨܰܘܡܳܐ}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|লঘোন}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|oruc}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|barau}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пост|n|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|be|галада́нне|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|উপবাস}}, {{W-|bn|উপোস}}, {{W-|bn|রোজাদারী}}, {{W+|bn|রোজা}}, {{W+|bn|সিয়াম}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|yun|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|пост|n|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|půst|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|禁食|tr=jìnshí}}, {{W-|cmn|齋戒|tr=zhāijiè}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|dezun}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|faste|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|صَوْم|n}}, {{W-|ar|صِيَام|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|պաս}}, {{W+|hy|ծոմ}}, {{W+|hy|պահք}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|paast}}
* {{Z|pal}}: {{W-|pal|tr=lwck'|ts=rōzag}}, {{W-|pal|tr=rwck|ts=rōzag}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روزه|tr=ruze}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|føsta|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|paasto}}, {{W+|fi|paastoaminen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|jeûne|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|dizun|n}}, {{W-|fur|diğun|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|trasg|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|xaxún}}, {{W+|gl|xexún}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐌸𐍂𐌴𐌹|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მარხვა}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|उपवास}}, {{W+|hi|व्रत|n}}, {{W-|hi|रोज़ा|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vasten|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|צוֹם|n|tr=tsom|sc=Hebr}}, {{W+|he|תַּעֲנִית|m|tr=ta'anít|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fasting}}, {{W+|en|fast}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|troscadh|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|digiuno|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|fasta|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|断食|tr=だんじき, danjiki|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|絶食|tr=ぜっしょく, zesshoku|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|мацг}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|djudjum}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dejuni|n}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|فاقہٕ|}}, {{W-|ks|ورَٛتھ|}}, {{W-|ks|روزٕ|}}, {{W-|ks|وۄپَس|}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|орозо|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|단식}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|iēiūnium|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|gavēšana|m}}, {{W-|lv|gavēnis|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pasninkas|n}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|vòst|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|пост|n}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W-|mg|fifadin-kanina}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|നോമ്പ്}}, {{W+|ml|ഉപവാസം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|puasa}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|उपवास|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|böjtölés}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|faste|n}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|sooma}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W-|uz|roʻ|cuda=roʻza}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|post|n}}, {{W+|pl|poszczenie|nt}}
* {{Z|roa-opt}}: {{W-|roa-opt|astẽença}}, {{W-|roa-opt|jajũu}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|jejum|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ораза|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|post|nt}}, {{W+|ro|ajun|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пост|n}}, {{W+|ru|голода́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|उपवास|n}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|dejunu}}, {{W-|sc|deunu}}, {{W-|sc|deunzu}}, {{W-|sc|diunzu}}, {{W-|sc|diugnu}}, {{W-|sc|geunu}}, {{W-|sc|giaunu}}, {{W-|sc|giunu}}, {{W-|sc|zeunu}}, {{W-|sc|giaugnu}}, {{W-|sc|zaunzu}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|dijunu}}, {{W+|scn|dajunu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|пост|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|post|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|pôst|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|post|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|soon}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|ayuno|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|funga}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|fasta|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|рӯза‍|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|உண்ணாவிரதம்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|การอดอาหาร|tr=gaan òt aahăan}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఉపవాసము}}, {{W+|te|పస్తు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ураза}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|oruç}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|цӏум}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|піст|n|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|голодува́ння|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|zun}}, {{W-|vec|dizun}}, {{W-|vec|dezun}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|nhịn ăn}}, {{W-|vi|kiêng ăn}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|djune|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|νηστεία|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|νηστεία|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|fasting|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76105022}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku|form=-}}
# [[têkildar|Têkildar]]î [[roj]]ekê yan [[roj]]an:.
#: {{nm|ku|Zarokeke 10 '''rojî'''.}}
# [[tavî|Tavî]], [[hetavî]], [[li gor]] [[roj]]ê, li [[pey]] [[roj]]ê, li [[dûv]] [[roj]]ê, wek [[roj]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Salnameya '''rojî'''.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{qertaf|ku|roj|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>fx8frezn06ggzbd749moiey5rbjmfbe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bawerî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12343</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290996</id>
      <parentid>6249408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290996</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8835" sha1="hcecv1xfogia60sfngo98bx2oev9jgy" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bawerî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[fikir|Fikirkirin]] ku tiştek [[rast]] e.
#: {{nm|ku|Li gor '''baweriya''' misilmanan, Mihemed pêxemberê Xwedê ye.}}
# [[fikir|Fikirkirin]] ku mirovek yan tiştek [[baş]] e yan [[bikêr]] e.
#: {{hevmane|ku|qenaet|êqîn|îman|înan|yeqîn|hizir}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Baweriya''' min bi wî tê ku dê vî karî baş bike.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Tu '''bawerî''' bi qisê min bîne.|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Siya Evînê/1989}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) ew di cihê xwe de behît ma bû û '''bawerî''' bi çavên xwe ne anî bûn.|{{Jêgirtin/M. Elî Kut/Mehkûm/2002}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bahwerî
|bahwirî
|bawirî
|behwerî
|baharî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bawerî anîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bawerî dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bawerîanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bawerîdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêbawerî
|bawerdar
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|bawer|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|bawerkirin ku tiştek rast e}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Glauben|n}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|creyencia|m}}, {{W-|ast|creencia|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|inanc}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ве́ра|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|вя́ра|m}}, {{W+|bg|дове́рие|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|víra|m}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎪᎯᏳᏗ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|相信|tr=xiāngxìn}}, {{W+|cmn|信心|tr=xìnxīn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tro|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kepercayaan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|اِعْتِقَاد|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հավատ}}, {{W+|hy|վստահություն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|konvinko}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|usk}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|باور|tr=bâvar}}, {{W+|fa|اعتقاد|tr=e'teqâd}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|trúgv|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|usko}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|croyance|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|crodince|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|beachd|n}}, {{W-|gd|barail|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|crenza|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃|m|tr=galaubeins}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|რწმენა|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|დაჯერება|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|jerovia}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|विश्वास|n}}, {{W+|hi|धारणा|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|geloof|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|האמנה}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ġelēafa|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|belief}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|credito|n}}, {{W+|it|credenza|m}}, {{W+|it|convinzione|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|確信|tr=[[かくしん]], kakushin}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|creença|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ишеним}}, {{W+|ky|ишенүү}}, {{W+|ky|ишенич}}, {{W+|ky|көз караш}}, {{W+|ky|диний ишеним}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|믿음}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|fides|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|ticība|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|вера|m}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hit}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|итгэл}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|oodlą́}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|crianche|m}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|cresença|m}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئېتىقاد}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W-|uz|eʻtiqod}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|przekonanie|nt}}, {{W+|pl|wiara|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|crença|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|сенім}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|credință}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ве́ра|m}}, {{W+|ru|дове́рие|nt}}, {{W+|ru|убежде́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|веровање|nt}}, {{W-|sh|вјеровање|nt}}, {{W-|sh|вера|m}}, {{W-|sh|вјера|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|verovanje|nt}}, {{W+|sh|vjerovanje|nt}}, {{W+|sh|vera|m}}, {{W+|sh|vjera|m}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|вѣра|m}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|вѣра|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|viera|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|vera|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|creencia|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tro|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|эътиқод}}, {{W-|tg|бовар}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|paniwala}}, {{W-|tl|paniniwala}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|நம்பிக்கை}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ві́ра|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|creyance|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πίστη|m}}, {{W+|el|πιστεύω|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|belief|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75873839}}

{{werger-ser|baweriya xwe bi kesekî anîn}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|besim|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Vertrauen|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|ভৰসা}}, {{W-|as|বিশ্বাস}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|inam}}, {{W+|az|etimad}}, {{W+|az|etibar}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ышаныс}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|даве́р|n}}, {{W-|be|даве́р'е|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশ্বাস}}, {{W-|bn|ভরসা}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|дове́рие|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|důvěra|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|信任|tr=seon3 jam6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|信任|tr=xìnrèn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|tillid|g}}, {{W-|da|tiltro}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kepercayaan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ثِقَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|վստահություն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|fido}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|usaldus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اعتماد|tr=e'temâd}}, {{W+|fa|اعتبار|tr=e'tebâr}}, {{W+|fa|باور|tr=bâvar}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|álit|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|luottamus}}, {{W+|fi|usko}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|confiance|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|fede|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|creideas|n}}, {{W-|gd|earbsa|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ნდობა}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|kigsalig}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|विश्वास|n}}, {{W+|hi|भरोसा|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vertrouwen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אֵמוּן|n|tr='emún}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|trust}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|muinín|m}}, {{W-|ga|iontaoibh|m}}, {{W-|ga|dóchas|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|fiducia|m}}, {{W+|it|confidenza|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|traust|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|信|tr=しん, shin}}, {{W+|ja|信頼|tr=しんらい, shinrai}}, {{W+|ja|信任|tr=しんにん, shinnin}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|confiança|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ишеним}}, {{W+|ky|ишенүү}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|믿음}}, {{W+|ko|신뢰}}, {{W+|ko|신임}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|fides|m}}, {{W-|la|fīdūcia|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|uzticība|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pasitikėjimas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Vertrauen|nt}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|доверба|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|വിശ്വാസം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kepercayaan}}, {{W-|ms|perchaya}}, {{W-|ms|amanah}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|sarig}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|bizalom}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|итгэл}}, {{W+|mn|итгэлцэл}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ}}, {{W-|mn|ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯᠴᠡᠯ}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|Vertroen|nt}}, {{W-|nds-de|Vertruggen|nt}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|tillit|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|tillit|n|m}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|fisança|m}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئىشەنچ}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|ishonch}}, {{W+|uz|inonish}}, {{W-|uz|etimod}}, {{W+|uz|ishonish}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|اعتماد|n|tr=e'temād}}, {{W+|ps|اعتبار|n|tr=e'tebār}}, {{W+|ps|باور|n|tr=bāwar}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|zaufanie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|confiança|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|сенім}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|încredere|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|дове́рие|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|विश्वास|n}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|salig}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|повере́ње|nt}}, {{W-|sh|повјере́ње|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|poverénje|nt}}, {{W+|sh|povjerénje|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|dôvera|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|zaupanje|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|confianza|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|muamana}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|förtroende|nt}}, {{W+|sv|tillit|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|эътимод}}, {{W-|tg|бовар}}, {{W+|tg|эътибор}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|tiwala}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|நம்பிக்கை}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|నమ్మకం}}, {{W-|te|విశ్వాసం}}, {{W+|te|భరోసా}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ышаныч}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|güven}}, {{W+|tr|güvenç}}, {{W+|tr|itimat}}, {{W+|tr|itibar}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ynanç}}, {{W-|tk|ynam}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཡིད་ཆེས}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|päkwalñe}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|اعتبار|tr=i'tibār}}, {{W-|ur|بھروسہ|n|tr=bharosā}}, {{W-|ur|اعتماد|tr=i'timād}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|дові́ра|m}}, {{W-|uk|дові́р'я|nt}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ទុកចិត្ត}}, {{W+|km|ជឿ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צוטרוי|n}}, {{W-|yi|בטחון|n|tr=betokhn}}, {{W-|yi|גלויבן|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εμπιστοσύνη|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|trust|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875904}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=}}
# {{g|ku|bawerî}}, [[îtimat]], [[îman]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>hcecv1xfogia60sfngo98bx2oev9jgy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>duyem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12387</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290997</id>
      <parentid>6261884</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290997</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6825" sha1="35it0h4f97bu6i38xwhum4yd7a7wyhs" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-duyem.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Rengdêra [[hejmara rêzdar|rêzî]] ya hejmara [[2]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ez di bezînê de bûm '''duyem'''.|Kesek berî min gihişt [[binecih]]ê.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Duyem''' car e ez wê dibînim.|Min berê jî carekê ew dîtiye.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dihem
|dihemîn
|diwem
|diwemîn
|diyem
|diyemîn
|duhem
|duhemîn
|duwem
|duwemîn
|duyemîn
|dûhem
|dûhemîn
|dûwem
|dûwemîn
|dûyem
|dûyemîn
}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|duyemînî}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{lîste:hejmarên rêzî/ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|du|-yem}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|tweede}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|dytë}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|zwett}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|zweite}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|экинчи}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ሁለተኛ}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܐ|n|tr=trāyana}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|andoilu}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|দ্বিতীয়}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|segundu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|ikinci}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|bigarren}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|икенсе|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|другі́}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|দ্বিতীয়}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|eil}}, {{W-|br|daouvet}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|вто́ри}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဒုတိယ}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|хоёрдохи}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|druhý}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏔᎵᏁ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|第二|tr=dì'èr}}
* {{Z|chk}}: {{W-|chk|oruwen}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|anden}}, {{W-|da|[[næst]]-}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|иккис}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kedua}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ثَانٍ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|تاني|tr=tāni}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|ثاني|tr=tāni, ṯāni}}, {{W-|acw|تاني|tr=tāni}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|تاني|tr=tāni}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|երկրորդ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|dua}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|teine}}
* {{Z|gez}}: {{W-|gez|ካልእ}}, {{W-|gez|ካዕብ}}, {{W-|gez|ዳግም}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دوم|tr=dovvom}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|toinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|deuxième}}, {{W+|fr|second}}, {{W+|fr|deux}}
* {{Z|frr}}:
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|öler}}
*: Hallig: {{W-|frr|tweete}}, {{W-|frr|tweet}}
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|uur}}
*: Mooring: {{W-|frr|ouder}}
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|taust}}
* {{Z|ofs}}: {{W-|ofs|ōther}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|twadde}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|ikinci}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|segundo}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მეორე}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|lua}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|दूसरा}}, {{W+|hi|दूजा}}, {{W+|hi|दोहरा}}, {{W+|hi|द्वितय}}, {{W+|hi|द्वितीय}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|tweede}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שני|n|tr=sheni}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|duesma}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ōþer}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|second}}, {{W+|en|2nd}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|toin}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|secunde}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|dóú}}, {{W-|ga|dara}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|secondo}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|annar}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|第二|tr=だいに, daini|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|二番目|tr=にばんめ, niban-me|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|хойрдгч}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|segon}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|экинчи|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|දෙවැනි}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|둘째}}, {{W-|ko|[[두]] [[번째]]}}
* {{Z|lou}}: {{W-|lou|sègon}}
* {{Z|lkt}}: {{W-|lkt|icinuŋpa}}, {{W-|lkt|inuŋpa}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|ūtris}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|secundus}}, {{W+|la|alter}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|otrais}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ທີ່ສອງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|antras}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|zweet}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|втор}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|രണ്ടാം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kedua}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|it-tieni}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠴᡳ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠵᠠᡳ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠵᠠᡳᠴᡳ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|derrey}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tuarua}}, {{W-|mi|te rua}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|दुसरे|nt|tr=dusare}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|második}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W-|mn|хоёрдугаар|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|mn|хоёрдахь|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|ic ōme}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|naaki góneʼ}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|deûxième}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|andre}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|segond}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|lammaffaa}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئىككىنچى|sc=ug-Arab}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|ikkinchi}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|dutiya}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|دوهم|tr=dwahëm}}
* {{Z|pih}}: {{W-|pih|sekan}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|drugi}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|segundo}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|екінші|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|dujto}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|secund}}, {{W+|ro|doilea|cuda=al doilea|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|второ́й}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|дру́гый}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|nubbi}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|द्वितीय}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|ikaduha}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|други}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|drugi}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|seicont}}
* Scottish Gaelic: an {{W-|gd|dara}}, an {{W-|gd|dàrna}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|въторъ|sc=Cyrs}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|druhý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|drúgi}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|drugi}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|druhi}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|segundo}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|ya pili}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|andra}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|ийгинчи}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дуюм}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|ikalawa}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ที่สอง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|రెండవ}}, {{W+|te|ద్వితీయము}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|ekinci}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|икенче}}
* {{Z|tig}}: {{W-|tig|ካልእ}}, {{W-|tig|ካልኣይ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ikinci}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ikinji}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|wate}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|ийиги}}, {{W-|tyv|ийи дугаар}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|دوسرا|tr=dūsrā}}, {{W-|ur|دوم|tr=duvam}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|дру́гий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thứ hai}}, {{W-|vi|thứ nhì}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|telid}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|tõin}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ail}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|ікінӌі|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ទីពីរ|tr=tii pii}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|иккис|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צווייט}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|kéjì}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|δεύτερος}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|δεύτερος}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|second|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75968867}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Ya / yê [[du|duyê]], di [[rêz]]ê de [[piştî]] ya / yê [[yek]]ê û [[berî]] ya / yê [[sê|sêyê]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|deuxième|mn}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|second}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ikinci}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>35it0h4f97bu6i38xwhum4yd7a7wyhs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sêyem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12411</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290998</id>
      <parentid>6261885</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290998</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6238" sha1="skhot0cgmzydmtvcrlmnkhxsmneoz9c" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-sêyem.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Rengdêra [[hejmara rêzdar|rêzî]] ya hejmara [[3]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ez di bezînê de bûm '''sêyem'''.|Du kes berî min gihiştin [[binecih]]ê.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Sêyem''' car e ez wê dibînim.|Min berî vê carê du car din jî ew dîtiye.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|sêhem
|sêhemîn
|sêyemîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|sê|-yem}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|sêyemînî}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{lîste:hejmarên rêzî/ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|derde}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|tretë}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|dritt}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|dritte}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|ӱчинчи}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|antreilu}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|তৃতীয়}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|terceru}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|üçüncü}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|hirugarren}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|өсөнсө}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|трэ́ці|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|তৃতীয়}}, {{W-|bn|তেসরা}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|trede|n|m}}, {{W+|br|teirvet|m}}, {{W+|br|trivet|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|тре́ти|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|တတိယ}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|гурбадахи}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|třetí}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|第三|tr=dìsān}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|виҫҫӗмӗш}}
* {{Z|chk}}: {{W-|chk|aunungatin}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tredje}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|үһүс|tr=ühüs}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|ketiga}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ثَالِث|n}}, {{W-|ar|ثَالِثَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|تالت|n|tr=tālit}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|երրորդ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|tria}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kolmas}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|илӣ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سوم|tr=sevvom}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kolmas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|troisième|n|m}}, {{W+|fr|trois|n|m}}
* {{Z|frr}}:
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|traad}}
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|dör}}
*: {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|treer}}
* {{Z|ofs}}: {{W-|ofs|thredda}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|tredde}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|treas}}, {{W-|gd|trìtheamh}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|üçüncü}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|terceiro}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მესამე}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|kolu}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|तीसरा}}, {{W+|hi|तृतीय}}, {{W+|hi|तीजा}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|derde}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|שלישי|tr=shelîyshîy}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|triesma}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|þridda}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|thridde}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|third}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|kolmas}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|tertie}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|tríú}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|terzo|n}}, {{W+|it|terza|m}}, {{W+|it|terzo|n}}, {{W+|it|terza|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|þriðji|n}}, {{W-|is|þriðja|m|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|三番目|tr=さんばんめ, sanban-me}}, {{W-|ja|三つ目|tr=mittsume}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|һурвдгч}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|tercer}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|үчүнчү}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|තුන්‍වැනි}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|셋째}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|trešs|n}}, {{W-|ltg|treša|m}}, {{W-|ltg|trešais|n}}, {{W-|ltg|trešuo|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|tertius}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|trešais|n}}, {{W-|lv|trešā|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ທີ່ສາມ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|trečias|n}}, {{W-|lt|trečia|m}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|terz}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|drëtt}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|тре́ти|n}}, {{W-|mk|трет|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|മൂന്നാം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|ketiga}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|it-tilet}}
* Manchu:
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|treeoo}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tuatoru}}, {{W-|mi|te toru}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|harmadik}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|гуравдугаар}}, {{W-|mn|гуравдахь}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|ic ēyi}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|tááʼ góneʼ}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|tredje}}
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|tredje}}, {{W-|nn|tridje}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|tresen}}, {{W+|oc|tèrç}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|اوچنجی|tr=üçüncü}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئۈچىنچى}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|uchinchi}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|tatiya}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|dredda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|trzeci}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|terceiro|n}}, {{W+|pt|terceira|m}}, {{W+|pt|terço|n}}, {{W+|pt|terça|m}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|tīrts}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|үшінші}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|тре́тий}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|тре́тый}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|goalmmát}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|तृतीय}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|тре̏ћӣ}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|trȅćī}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|third}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|трєти}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|tretí}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|tretji}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|tśeśi}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|třeći}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|tercero}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|ya tatu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tredje}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|ӱжӱнчи}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|сеюм}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|ikatlo}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ที่สาม}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|మూడో}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|üçünci}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|өченче}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰇𐰲𐰨|ts=üčünč}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|üçüncü}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|üçünji}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|trite}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|تیسرا|n|tr=tīsrā}}, {{W-|ur|سِوَم|tr=sivam}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|тре́тій}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thứ ba}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|kilid}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|kõlmõz}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|trydydd|n}}, {{W-|cy|trydedd|m}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|ӱзінӌі}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ទីបី|tr=tii bəy}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|үһүс}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|דריט}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ẹkẹta}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|τρίτος}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|τρίτος}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|third|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75968807}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Ya / yê [[sê|sêyê]]; di [[rêz]]ê de [[piştî]] ya / yê [[du|duyê]] û [[berî]] ya / yê [[çar]]ê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|troisième|mn}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|third}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|üçüncü}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>skhot0cgmzydmtvcrlmnkhxsmneoz9c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>siyasî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12517</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290999</id>
      <parentid>6262695</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290999</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4714" sha1="khixzbbmen1gljyd6ic5dh3l1vlk3g0" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|siyasi}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-siyasî.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tişta/ê [[têkildar]]î [[siyaset]]ê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|polîtîk}}
#: {{nm|ku|Partiyên '''siyasî'''}}
#: {{nm|ku|Doza me dozek '''siyasî''' ye, ne aborî ye.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|siyasetî
|sîyasetî
|sîyasî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|siyasî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|siyasî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|siyasîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|siyasîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|siyasîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|siyasîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|سِيَاسِيّ‎}}, têkildarî {{q|ku|siyaset}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|politieke}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|politik}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|politisch}}
* {{Z|zgh}}: {{W-|zgh|ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ|tr=asrtan}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|políticu}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|siyasi}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|politiko}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|сәйәси}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|паліты́чны}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|রাজনৈতিক}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|полити́чески}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|политическэ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|politický}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|政治|tr=zing3 zi6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|政治|tr=zhèngzhì}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|politisk}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|سِيَاسِيّ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|քաղաքական}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|politika}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|poliitiline}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سیاسی|tr=siyâsi}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|poliittinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|politique}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|poileataigeach}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|político}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|პოლიტიკური}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|राजनीतिक}}, {{W+|hi|सियासी}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|politiek}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|פּוֹלִיטִי|tr=políti}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|politikala}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|political}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|politic}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|polaitiúil}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|politico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|pólitísk}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|政治的|tr=せいじてきな, seijiteki na|cuda=政治的な}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯ}}, {{W+|kn|ರಾಜಕೀಯ}}, {{W+|kn|ರಾಜಕೀಯದ}}, {{W+|kn|ರಾಜ್ಯನೀತಿಯ}}, {{W+|kn|ರಾಜ್ಯಾಡಳಿತದ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|polític}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|саясий}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|정치}}, {{W+|ko|정치적}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|polīticus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|politisks}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|политички}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|രാഷ്ട്രീയമായ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|politik}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tōrangapū}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|politikai}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|mn|улс төр|cuda=улс төрийн}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|politisk}}
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|politisk}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|politic}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|سیاسی|tr=siyâsî}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|سىياسى}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|siyosiy}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|سياسي|tr=seyāsí}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|polityczny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|político}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਸਿਆਸੀ}}, {{W-|pa|ਰਾਜਨੀਤਿਕ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|саяси}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|politic}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|полити́ческий}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|سياسي}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|полѝтичкӣ}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|polìtičkī}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|poleetical}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|politický}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|političen}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|político}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|politisk}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|сиёсӣ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|pampolitika}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|การเมือง}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|сәяси}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|siyasi}}, {{W+|tr|siyasal}}, {{W+|tr|politik}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|syýasy}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|политиктиг}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سیاسی|tr=siyāsī}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|політи́чний}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|chính trị}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwleidyddol}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|នយោបាយ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|политическай}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פּאָליטיש}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πολιτικός}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πολιτικός}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|political|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76206623}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[siyasetvan|Siyasetvan]], [[polîtîkvan]], [[siyasetmedar]], kesa/ê [[kar]]ê wê / wî [[siyaset]], kesa/ê [[mijûl]]î [[siyaset]]ê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|siyasetvan}}</text>
      <sha1>khixzbbmen1gljyd6ic5dh3l1vlk3g0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rexne</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12554</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291000</id>
      <parentid>6098338</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291000</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2151" sha1="i433ie2brt8fd1kdbc25lhsbe00clj7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rexne|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[diyar|Diyar]]kirina [[nerazî|nerazîbûna]] xwe.
#: {{hevmane|ku|gazin|gilî|krîtîk|şikayet|dawa|gazind|gazinc|gazinde}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rexna''' avaker baştir e ji ne axiftinê u axiftina bêraman.}}
# [[nirxandin|Nirxandin]], [[rûmetandin]], [[hêjayî]] û [[kêmasî|kêmasiyên]] tiştekê/î yan kesekê/î [[diyar]] kirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Rexne''' li wî nayê kirin, ji ber ku bi xwe di pêşgotina kitêba xwe de, ji bo hemû kil û kêmasîyan daxwaza lêborînê kirîye|''[[w:Çend Rûpel Ji Dîroka Gelê Kurd|Çend Rûpel Ji Dîroka Gelê Kurd]]'', [[w:K. Mezher Ehmed|K. Mezher Ehmed]], Weşanên [[w:APEC|APEC]]}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rexne kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rexnekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rexnegirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rexnekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rexinandin
|rexinandî
|rexnedar
|rexnedarî
|rexnegir
|rexnegirî
|rexnekar
|rexnekarî
|rexneker
|rexnekerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fa|ku|رخنه|tr=rexnê|w=[[derizî]], [[tîk]]bûyî, [[şkestî]], [[têkçûyî]]}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kritik|f}}, {{W+|de|Anzeige|f}}, {{W-|de|aangifte}}, {{W+|de|Satire|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|критика|f}}, {{W-|bg|критична статия}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kritika|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|انتقاد}}, {{W-|ar|نقد}}, {{W-|ar|التعلق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|انتقاد}}, {{W+|fa|نقد}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kritiikki}}, {{W+|fi|arvostelu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|critique|f}}
* {{Z|he}}: [[ביקורת]] (biqoret)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|critique}}, {{W+|en|review}}, {{W+|en|animadvert}}, {{W+|en|complaint}}, {{W+|en|criticism}}, {{W+|en|disapprobation}}, {{W+|en|satire}}, {{W+|en|animadversion|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|dispraise|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|krytyka|f}}, {{W+|pl|recenzja|f}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|kritika|f}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|lèirmheas|m}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|eleştiri}}, {{W+|tr|muaheze}}, {{W+|tr|şikayet}}, {{W+|tr|tenkit}}, {{W+|tr|kritik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>i433ie2brt8fd1kdbc25lhsbe00clj7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>jixwe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12869</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291001</id>
      <parentid>6262953</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291001</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1673" sha1="bxk8e1fh2aqg9dm9g6hnmv17ntktkh1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|ji&quot;xwe}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-jixwe.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[zaten]], [[zatî]], [[bêguman]], [[helbet]], [[diyar]] e ku, [[xuya]] ye ku
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
| {{hw|ku|çixwe||Pêrtag}}
| jixo
| jixu
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|jixweçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jixwekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jixweçûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|ji|xwe}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|ohnehin}}, {{W|de|freilich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|gewiß|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|schon}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|طبعا|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|از خود|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|آنطوری|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|برای خود|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|بیخود|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|زاتا|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|anyway}}, {{W|en|actually|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|of course|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|tabii|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|zaten}}, {{W|tr|zati|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|işte}}, {{W|tr|öylesine}}, {{W|tr|haliyle|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|tabii ki|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|esasen|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bêwec]], [[bêsûd]], [[bêmifa]], [[bêkêr]], [[bêfêde]], [[bêkelk]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Jixwe''' ye ku şîretan lê bikî: ew dê her wek dilê xwe bike.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|jixo
|jixu
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|ji|xwe}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|jixweçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jixwekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jixweçûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|jixweyî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bxk8e1fh2aqg9dm9g6hnmv17ntktkh1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lîstin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12912</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291002</id>
      <parentid>6262347</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291002</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6376" sha1="eh7pr4bcrd9dew0p8rfaq0oe4n74cu9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-lîstin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|lîstin|form=gerguhêz|niha=lîz|borî=lîst}}
[[Wêne:Direct_hit.jpg|thumb|Du zarok bi [[gog]] û avê '''dilîzin'''.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[yarî|yarî kirin]], [[bazî|bazî kirin]], [[geme|geme kirin]], [[le'b|le'b kirin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Min futbol '''lîst'''; min veşronek '''lîst'''.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=îshokey, li dunyayê yek ji wan lîstikên populer e. Li ser qeşayê tê '''lîstin'''. Lîstikeke bi lez û dijwar e. Tîma wê ji şeş kesan pêk tê. Sê lîstikvan li pêş, dudu li hêla paş, qeleyê diparêzin û yek jî qelecî ye. Sê peryodan tê '''lîstin''' û her peryodek jî 20 deqîqe ye. Divê lîstikvan bi kaşoyan gogê bavêjin qeleya hember.|nivîskar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cîh=Denmark|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Veşartok lîstikek e ku hemû zarok pê dizanin û dikarin '''bilîzin'''. Yek disekine, çavên xwe digire û dijmêre û yên din jî dest pê dikin û xwe li gelek ciyan vedişêrin.|nivîskar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cîh=Denmark|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Weke bayên payîzên hersalîn îro jî ba tê, bi qasî çend rojên din, dibistan ê vebin, zarok ê dîsa li hewşên dibistanan '''bilîzin''', qêrîn û giriyên zarokane ê bilind bibin.|nivîskar=Hesenê Metê|sernav=Labîrenta Cinan|cîh=Stenbol|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Peywend}}|sal=|rûpel=|isbn=ISBN:9789197125475}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Hîkmet, Tevfîk, Safter û Mezo jî bi Bedîrxan '''dilîstin''' û ew dilorandin.|nivîskar= Mehmed Uzun|sernav=Bîra Qedere|cîh=}}
# [[aktorî]] kirin, [[şanogerî]] kirin:
#: {{nm|ku|Di filmekê/şanoyekê de '''lîstin'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|لیستن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|leyzîn
|lîzîn
|leystin
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|lîstik
|lîstikgeh
|lîstikî
|lîstikvan
|lîstikvanî
|lîstikyar
|lîstikyarî
|lîstok
|lîstokî
|pêlîstik
|pêlîstok
|gur kal dibin rovî bi wan dilîze&lt;pos:gotinên pêşiyan&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|alîstin
|lêstin
|lîsîn
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|lîstikandin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Belkî [[hevreh]]a farisî {{g|fa|آلیختن|tr=alîxten||hilavêtin, xwe avêtin}}, ji îraniya kevn *rais- (xwe avêtin), sanskrîtî &quot;rej-&quot;, ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[leig-]], *[[loig-]]. Ji formek hindûewropî wek *loyg-éye-ti &gt; hindûîranî *laycayati &gt; îranîkî *leyceyeti û paşê wek *lejîd-/*lejîst- di kurdî de hebe ku paşê bûye lehîstin, bi [[bişivîn]]a j&gt;h. [[guharto|Guhartoyên]] [[sereke]] ên [[leystin]] û [[lîstin]] ji forma berê [[lehîstin]] in. Li hin [[dever]]an bûye [[lihîstin]]&gt;[[lîstin]], li hin [[dever]]an jî [[lehîstin]]&gt;[[leystin]]. [[hevreh|Hevreha]] litvanî {{g|lt|láigyti||çirtik û lotik avêtin, li dor xwe avêtin wek lîstin}}, ingilîzî {{g|en|like}}, {{g|en|-ly}}, {{g|en|-like}} û {{g|en|lich}}, elmanî {{g|de|-lig}}, {{g|de|laichen}} û {{g|de|Leiche}}. Ev [[reh]]a [[hindûewropî]] tenê ji [[peyv]]ên [[ziman]]ên [[balto-slavî]], [[hindûîranî]] û [[cermenî]] dikare bê [[jinûve]][[sazkirin]]. Gumandarî ye ku zimanên din ên kurdî lêkerek wiha na lê ên bi lêkerek alîkar çêkirî bi kar tînin, bide ber zazakî {{g|zza|kay kerdene}} û soranî/badînanî {{g|ku|yarî kirin}}. Bo guherîna maneyî a wekhev bide ber {{q|ku|çîstin}} û farisî {{q|fa|جستن|tr=cesten||hilavêtin, xwe avêtin}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|kay kerdene}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|spielen}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|schpile}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|oynamaq}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|уйнау}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|খেলা}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|играя}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကစား}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|hrát}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᎳᏍᎦᎵᎭ}}, {{W-|chr|ᎠᏆᎾᏲᎯᎭ}}, {{W-|chr|ᎦᏓᏲᎯᎭ}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|chokoshkomo}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|參與|tr=cān yù}}, {{W+|cmn|參加|tr=cān jiā}}, {{W+|cmn|玩|tr=wán}}, {{W+|cmn|踢|tr=tī}}, {{W+|cmn|打|tr=dǎ}}, {{W+|cmn|擲|tr=zhì}}&amp; {{W+|cmn|扔|tr=rēng}}, {{W+|cmn|推|tr=tuī}}, {{W+|cmn|跑|tr=pǎo}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|spille}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bermain}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|لَعِبَ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խաղալ}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pelata}}, {{W+|fi|osallistua}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W-|fr|[[jouer]] }}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|xogar}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|spelen}}, {{W+|nl|meespelen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|play}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|tiukkaa}}, {{W-|izh|pelata}}, {{W-|izh|tiukata}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|imir}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|giocare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|spila}}, {{W+|is|leika}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|dolanan}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|juga}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|kižata}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|participar}}, {{W+|ca|jugar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|pukllay}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|ойнамакъ}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|lūdō}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|žaisti}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|игра}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|കളിക്കുക}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|játszik}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|jucà}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|لوبه کول|tr=loba kawəl|sc=ps-Arab}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|[[grać]] [[w]]}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|jogar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|juca}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|игра́ть|impf}}
* {{Z|csm}}: {{W-|csm|čatá·t-}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|igrati}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|graś|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|[[jugar]] a}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|cheza|cuda=-cheza}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|spela}}, {{W+|sv|lira}}, {{W+|sv|köra}}, {{W+|sv|leka}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|ra|cuda=hura}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|maglaro}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เล่น}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|oynamak}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|ойнирға}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|លេង}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|παίζω}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|play|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75747678}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|lîstin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[yarî]]kirin, [[lîstik]]kirin, [[geme]]kirin
#: {{nm|ku|'''Lîstina''' bi gogê.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|lîstik}}</text>
      <sha1>eh7pr4bcrd9dew0p8rfaq0oe4n74cu9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rewa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12986</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291003</id>
      <parentid>6098333</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291003</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3238" sha1="g92csor5ai35upbynn6ktr6dcgtndxt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[awişt|Awişt]], [[lejîtîm]], [[heq]], [[helal]], [[rast]], [[dirist]].
#: {{nm|ku|Serxwebûna Kurdistanê mafekî '''rewa''' yê gelê kurd e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Îsal '''rewa''' di erdê de nîne, ango hêwiya di axê de.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|رەوا}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rewan}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rewatî
|rewayî
|rewa bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rewa kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rewabûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rewakirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rewabûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rewakirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|ڕه‌وا|tr=rewa}}, farisî {{g|fa|روا|tr=reva|w=ya/yê ku diçe&quot;, bi mecazî &quot;li rê, rast, maqûl}}, pehlewî ''rewag, rewak'', pazendî ''rewa'', ji ''reften'' ([[çûn]]). Ji heman rehî: [[rayic]], [[-rew]], [[rewac]], [[-ran]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|berechtigt}}, {{W+|de|legitim}}, {{W+|de|angemessen}}, {{W+|de|gebührlich}}, {{W+|de|echt}}, {{W+|de|würdig}}, {{W+|de|zulässig|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|geltend|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|zurecht|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|legal}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|absah}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رطوبة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مستحق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|rajta}}, {{W-|eo|legitima}}, {{W-|eo|laŭleĝa}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جایز|guman=erê}}, {{W-|fa|حق قانونی|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|روا|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|مشروع|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|legitiimi}}, {{W+|fi|oikeutettu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|légitime}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|rechtmatig}}, {{W+|nl|echt}}, {{W+|nl|legitiem}}, {{W+|nl|wettig}}, {{W+|nl|gewettigd}}, {{W+|nl|legaal}}, {{W+|nl|wettelijk}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|legitimate}}, {{W+|en|legal}}, {{W+|en|lawful}}, {{W+|en|admissible|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|authorized|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|permissive|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|unforbidden|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|unprohibited|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|allowable|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|licit|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|permitted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|unproscribed|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|valid|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|legal}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|legal}}, {{W+|pt|lícito}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rättslig}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meşru}}, {{W+|tr|reva}}, {{W-|tr|yakışır}}, {{W+|tr|yerinde}}, {{W+|tr|uygun}}, {{W+|tr|gönen}}, {{W+|tr|legal|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|nem|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|öl|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nêm|Nêm]], [[kêm]], [[tewlis]], [[şilî]], [[ritubat]], [[nem]], [[rewek]], [[neyam]], [[tên]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|rewayî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[kok|Kok]], [[rîş]], [[ripî]], [[riç]], [[cille]], [[parçe]]yên [[jêrîn]] yên [[riwek]]an (bi taybetî yên di [[bin]] [[ax]]ê ve).
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[rih|Rih]], [[demar]], [[temar]], [[pişk]]ên [[dirêj]] yên [[leş]]î yên ku [[xwîn]] tê re [[meşîn|dimeşe]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[binyat|Binyat]], [[bingeh]], [[serekanî]], [[esil]], [[esas]].

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|zza|reya|w=reh}}, bibîne {{q|ku|reh}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g92csor5ai35upbynn6ktr6dcgtndxt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hevalî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13006</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291004</id>
      <parentid>6244165</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291004</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2270" sha1="kakia6yyqlx2kzpzaod0rf7bhz794za" xml:space="preserve">{{ds|hevaltî|hevalî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hevalî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dostanî]], [[biraderî]], [[kirîvtî]], [[yaranî]], [[hogirî]], [[hevrêtî]], [[hevbendî]], [[hevgirî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez bi '''hevaliya''' we gelek serbilind im.|Gelek serbilind im ku hevala/ê we me.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|hevaletî
|hevalînî
|hevalîtî
|hevaltî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hevalî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevalîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevalîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|heval|-î}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Hindek bi tebayî û bi kesret&lt;/br&gt;Hindek bi '''hevalî''' û bi wehdet&lt;/br&gt;Rabûne ve xanim û xewatîn}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Freundschaft|f}}, {{W|de|Freundlichkeit|f}}, {{W|de|Kameradschaft|f}}, {{W|de|Kollegialität|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإرتفاق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الرفاقة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الصحبة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الصداقة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المصاحبة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المعیة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الولاء|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|خلة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|ذات البین|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دوستی}}, {{W|fa|دوستی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|رفاقت|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|phil-}}, {{W+|en|amity|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|companionship|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|friendship|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|hail-fellow|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|hail-fellow-well-met|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|companionate|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|confederal|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|pally|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|comradery|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|hail fellow|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|amistat|m}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|arkadaşlık}}, {{W+|tr|eşlik}}, {{W+|tr|ünsiyet}}, {{W+|tr|yoldaşlık}}, {{W+|tr|alışkanlık}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{ku-tew-nav|heval|mê û nêr|çemandî|binavkirî}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n|form=erê}}
# ''Rewşa [[îzafeyî]] ya yekjimar a [[binavkirî]] ya'' '''{{g|ku|heval}}'''.
#: {{nm|ku|Wî '''hevalî''' çi got?}}

==== Jê ====
* {{mj|Lêker}} [[hevalî kirin]]
* {{mj|Navdêr}} [[hevalîkirin]]
* {{mj|Rengdêr}} [[hevalîkirî]]</text>
      <sha1>kakia6yyqlx2kzpzaod0rf7bhz794za</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>betlane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13045</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291005</id>
      <parentid>6249713</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291005</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1622" sha1="gofxhfae5b3bkz59n2uuzgasgugxhzf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|betlane|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pişû]], [[azane]], [[bênvedan]], [[tatîl]], [[îstîrehet]], [[dem]]a [[mirov]] [[kar]] nake
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=... ez di '''betlaneya''' xwe ya havînê de diçim gundê xwe û li çiyê digerim lê zivistanê ji ber xwendina dibidtanê ez neşêm herim gund.|nivîskar=Roşan Lezgîn|sernav=Serketina Kewan|weşanxane=Weşanên Roşna|sal=2020|rûpel=68}}
#: {{nm|ku|Te '''betlaneya''' xwe ya havînê li kû borand?}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[vêsan]], [[etle]], [[vehesîn]], [[merexesî]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|betalane
|betilane
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|heyvane
|mehname
|rojane
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|betlaneyî
|betlane dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|betlane kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|betlanedan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|betlanekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|arc|ku|ܒܛܠܢܐ}} yan ji {{deyn|ar|ku|بطلان|tr=buṭlan}}, [[hevreh]]a îbrî [[בטלן]] (beṭlan). Ji eynî rehî: [[betal]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|festë}}, {{W-|sq|pushime}},
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ferien|m}}, {{W+|de|Muße|f}}, {{W+|de|Urlaub|m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تعطیل}}, {{W+|fa|تعطیلات}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|loma}}, {{W+|fi|vapaa-aika}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|vacation}}, {{W+|en|holiday}}, {{W+|en|leave}}, {{W+|en|dissolution}}, {{W+|en|respite}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|vacanza}}, {{W+|it|festa}}, {{W+|it|ferie}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tatil}}, {{W+|tr|dinlence}}, {{W+|tr|izin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gofxhfae5b3bkz59n2uuzgasgugxhzf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13116</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291006</id>
      <parentid>6239106</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291006</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24074" sha1="ik0d4n2g1b00m9t5iqt46rak3o8wnau" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-gol.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gol|mê}}
[[Wêne:Glarus Kloentalersee.jpg|thumb|gol (1)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|erdnîgarî}} Komeke avê ye her [[çar]] [[alî|aliyên]] wê [[girtî]] ye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|deryaçe|behrik}} 
#: {{nm|ku|Gola Wanê, Gola Urmiyê}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li navsera çiyayê Agirîyê di bilindahiya car hezar û dused mîtroyan de, bi navê '''Gola''' Kûpê, '''goleke''' biçûk heye..|''[[w:Çiyayê Agirî|Çiyayê Agirî]]'', [[w:Yaşar Kemal|Yaşar Kemal]], Weşanxana [[w:Çanda Kurdî|Çanda Kurdî]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گۆل}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|bêrim
|birk
|çem
|ger&lt;pos:3&gt;
|derya
|newal
|nihal
|ro
|robar
|zê
|zêbar
|co
|cobar
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|gul
|lîç
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|golik&lt;pos:2&gt;
|gol kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gol bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gol xwarin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|golkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|golbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|golxwarin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|trk|ku}} bide ber {{hv|tr|göl}}, {{hv|az|göl}}, {{hv|otk|köl}}, {{hv|uz|koʻl}}, {{hv|tk|köl}}, {{hv|ky|көл|tr=köl}}, {{hv|kk|көл|tr=köl}}, {{hv|ug|كۆل|tr=köl}}, {{hv|tt|күл|tr=kül}}, {{hv|tyv|хөл|tr=xöl}}.

Hevreha {{hv|ckb|گۆڵ|tr=[[goł]]}}, kirmaşanî {{q|sdh|gûł|sc=Latn}}, {{q|sdh|gûław|sc=Latn}}, {{q|sdh|gûłim|sc=Latn}}.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W|ckb|دەریاچە}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|deryaçe, gola avê}}
* {{Z|abq}}: {{W-|abq|гвал}}
* {{Z|bsa}}: {{W-|bsa|kesif}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|аӡиа}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|tasék}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|псыхъурай}}, {{W-|ady|хыкум}}, {{W-|ady|хыкъумэ}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|meer}}, {{W+|af|pan}}
* {{Z|aho}}: {{W-|aho|𑜃𑜨𑜂𑜫}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|danaw}}
* {{Z|akz}}: {{W-|akz|liikka}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|liqen|n}}
* {{Z|ale}}: {{W-|ale|hanix̂}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|See|n}}
*: {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|See|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|кӧл}}
* {{Z|amk}}: {{W-|amk|ruru}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ሀይቅ}}
* {{Z|ani}}: {{W-|ani|игьур}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|ibón|n}}, {{W+|an|laco|n}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܝܡܐ|m|tr=yāmā}}
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܝܡܬܐ|m|tr=yamməṯā}}, {{W-|syc|ܠܝܡܢܝ|m|tr=līmnê}}
* {{Z|arp}}: {{W-|arp|ni'ec}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|lac}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বিল}}, {{W-|as|হ্ৰদ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|llagu|n}}
* {{Z|cni}}: {{W-|cni|incajare}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|хӏор}}
* {{Z|ay}}: {{W-|ay|quta}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ト|tr=to}}, {{W-|ain|メㇺ|tr=mem}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|göl}}
* {{Z|ban}}: {{W-|ban|ḍanu}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|zingira}}, {{W-|eu|aintzira}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|күл}}
* {{Z|sne}}: {{W-|sne|donu}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|во́зера|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|হ্রদ}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|danaw|n}}
* {{Z|bcu}}: {{W-|bcu|ram kulot}}
* {{Z|bla}}: {{W-|bla|mo'tóyaohkii}}
* {{Z|bho}}: {{W-|bho|झील|n}}
* {{Z|bol}}: {{W-|bol|pali}}
* {{Z|ebk}}: {{W-|ebk|fiannaw}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|lenn|m}}
* {{Z|kxd}}: {{W-|kxd|tasik}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|е́зеро|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကန်}}, {{W+|my|အင်း}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|нуур}}
* {{Z|con}}: {{W-|con|singuʼccu}}
* {{Z|cui}}: {{W-|cui|pucua}}
* {{Z|ccp}}: {{W-|ccp|𑄍𑄧𑄢|tr=charā}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|sa'pu}}
* {{Z|ch}}: {{W-|ch|hågoe}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|ӏам}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|jezero|nt}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎥᏓᎵ}}
* {{Z|chy}}: {{W-|chy|né'háne}}
* {{Z|cap}}: {{W-|cap|quta}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|nyanja|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|hayip}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|湖|tr=wu4}}, {{W-|yue|湖泊|tr=wu4 bok6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|хэзы}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|湖|tr=fù}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|湖|tr=hú}}, {{W+|cmn|湖泊|tr=húbó}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|湖|tr=hù}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|湖|tr=ô͘}}, {{W+|nan|湖泊|tr=ô͘-phiak}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|湖}}
* {{Z|cho}}: {{W-|cho|okhạta}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|гытгын|tr=gytgyn}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|кӳлӗ}}
* {{Z|dak}}: {{W-|dak|bdé}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|lac|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|sø|g}}
* {{Z|dar}}: {{W-|dar|шара}}
* {{Z|tcc}}: {{W-|tcc|basooda}}
* {{Z|dta}}: {{W-|dta|naur}}
* {{Z|ing}}: {{W-|ing|vinq'it}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ކުޅި}}, {{W-|dv|ފެންގަނޑު}}
* {{Z|dgr}}: {{W-|dgr|tì}}, {{W-|dgr|tı}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|күөл|tr=küöl}}
* {{Z|sce}}: {{W-|sce|no}}, {{W-|sce|noer}}
* {{Z|dbp}}: {{W-|dbp|bə̀rgà}}
* {{Z|egl}}: {{W-|egl|lèg|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|danau}}, {{W+|id|telaga}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بُحَيْرَة|m}}
*: {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بحيرة|m|tr=buḥēra, beḥēra}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بُحيرَة|m|tr=buḥēra}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|بحيرة|m|tr=buḥayra}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|ضاية|tr=ḍāya}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|بحيرة|m|tr=buḥayra}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|լիճ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|эрьке}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|lago}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|järv}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|төӈэр}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|а̄мут}}, {{W-|evn|ня̄рут}}, {{W-|evn|туӈэ̄р}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|kʋl-kãtɛ}}, {{W-|gur|mõgrɛ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دریاچه|tr=daryâče}}, {{W-|fa|دریاژه|tr=daryâže}}, {{W-|fa|دریااک|tr=daryâ-âk}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|vatn|nt}}, {{W-|fo|tjørn|m}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W-|fj|drano}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|järvi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|lac|n}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|lac|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|lâc|n}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|see|n}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|See}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|mar|n}}
* {{Z|tbi}}: {{W-|tbi|d̪ɛ̄ɛ̀l}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|göl}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|lago|n}}
* {{Z|gdd}}: {{W-|gdd|wililuk}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍃|n}}, {{W-|got|𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍃|n}}
* {{Z|guh}}: {{W-|guh|puca}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|સરોવર|nt}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ტბა}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|ypa}}
* {{Z|gwi}}: {{W-|gwi|van}}
* {{Z|haa}}: {{W-|haa|männ}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|lak}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|tabkī|n}}
* {{Z|hid}}: {{W-|hid|mirihdía}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|danaw}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|झील|m}}, {{W+|hi|सरोवर|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|linaw}}, {{W-|hil|lim-aw}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|pa dej teev}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|meer|nt}}
* {{Z|hoi}}: {{W-|hoi|minqʼit}}
* {{Z|hop}}: {{W-|hop|patupha}}
* {{Z|dbj}}: {{W-|dbj|danow}}, {{W-|dbj|gasap}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אֲגַם|n|tr=agám}}, {{W+|he|יַמָּה|m|tr=yamá}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|lago}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|dan-aw}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|mere|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|lake}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|järvi}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|ӏам}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|laco}}
* {{Z|iu}}: {{W-|iu|ᑕᓯᖅ}}
* {{Z|ik}}: {{W-|ik|narvaq}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|danau}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|loch|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|lago|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vatn|nt}}, {{W+|is|tjörn|m}}, {{W+|is|stöðuvatn|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|湖|tr=みずうみ, mizuumi}}, {{W-|ja|-[[湖]]|tr=-こ, -ko}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|talaga}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|tlaga}}, {{W+|jv|ranu}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|гуэл}}, {{W-|kbd|гуэлӏ}}
* {{Z|kfr}}: {{W-|kfr|તરા|m}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|taseq}}
* {{Z|ksc}}: {{W-|ksc|fagwang}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|нур}}
* {{Z|rmq}}: {{W-|rmq|chenopañí}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಸರೋವರ}}, {{W+|kn|ಜಲಾಶಯ}}, {{W+|kn|ಪುಷ್ಕರಿಣಿ}}, {{W+|kn|ದೊಡ್ಡ ಕೆರೆ}}, {{W+|kn|ಸರಸ್ಸು}}, {{W+|kn|ಕೊಳ}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|кёл}}
* {{Z|kdr}}: {{W-|kdr|гел|tr=gel}}
* {{Z|kaa}}: {{W-|kaa|koʻl}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|järvi}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|jezoro|nt}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|llac|n}}
* {{Z|ckv}}: {{W-|ckv|banaw}}, {{W-|ckv|vutvut}}, {{W-|ckv|bettuq}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|qocha}}, {{W-|qu|goca}}, {{W-|qu|qucha}}
* {{Z|ket}}: {{W-|ket|дэ’|tr=deˀ}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|көл}}
* {{Z|kic}}: {{W-|kic|maskiekwi}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|වැව}}
* {{Z|clm}}: {{W-|clm|cə́y̕əɬ}}
* {{Z|kla}}: {{W-|kla|é-ush}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|ты}}
* {{Z|kpv}}: {{W-|kpv|ты}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|dzia|c5}}
* {{Z|kok}}: {{W-|kok|कुळा|nt}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|호수}}, {{W-|ko|-호}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|lynn|m}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W+|co|lagu|n}}, {{W+|co|lau|n}}, {{W+|co|lavu|n}}
* {{Z|koy}}: {{W-|koy|binh}}, {{W-|koy|minkk'at}}
* {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|lak}}
* {{Z|crm}}: {{W-|crm|ᓵᑲᐦᐃᑲᓐ|tr=sâkahikan}}
* {{Z|cr}}: {{W-|cr|kihchikamiy}}
*: {{Z|crk}}: {{W-|crk|sākahikan}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|кёл}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|rio|n}}
* {{Z|lbe}}: {{W-|lbe|бяр}}
* {{Z|lkt}}: {{W-|lkt|ble}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|azars|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|lacus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|ezers|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ໜອງ}}, {{W+|lo|ທະເລສາບ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|ტობა}}
* {{Z|roa-leo}}: {{W-|roa-leo|llagu|n}}
* {{Z|lep}}: {{W-|lep|ᰌᰶ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|вир}}
* {{Z|kmk}}: {{W-|kmk|bananaw}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|etímá}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|lâgo|n}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W+|li|maer|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|ežeras|n}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|jōra}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|lagh|n}}
* {{Z|knb}}: {{W-|knb|eɏwan lobong}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Séi|n}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|sea|n}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|lanaw}}, {{W-|mdh|ranaw}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|езеро|nt}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|farihy}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|തടാകം}}, {{W-|ml|കായല്}}, {{W+|ml|പൊയ്ക}}, {{W+|ml|സരസ്സ്}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|tasik}}, {{W+|ms|danau}}, {{W-|ms|alongan}}, {{W+|ms|situ}}, {{W-|ms|telaga}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|għadira|m}}, {{W-|mt|lag|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡳᠨ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠣᠮᠣ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠨᠣᠣᡵ}}
* {{Z|mhq}}: {{W-|mhq|mįnį́xte}}
* {{Z|mjg-mgr}}: {{W-|mjg-mgr|noor}} {{attn|mjg-mgr|or is this xgn-mgl?}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|logh|m}}
* {{Z|msk}}: {{W-|msk|danaw}}
* Mansî:
*: {{Z|mns-nor}}: {{W-|mns-nor|тӯр}}
*: {{Z|mns-sou}}: {{W-|mns-sou|то̄}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|roto}}
* {{Z|arn}}: {{W-|arn|bafkeh}}
* {{Z|mch}}: {{W-|mch|ku'jö}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|kalodan}}, {{W-|mrw|karodan}}, {{W-|mrw|lanaw}}, {{W-|mrw|ranaw}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|सरोवर|nt}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|ер}}
*: {{Z|mrj}}: {{W-|mrj|йӓр}}
* {{Z|mfh}}: {{W-|mfh|dərəv}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|ha'}}
* {{Z|mzn}}: {{W-|mzn|دریوک|tr=deryūk}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|tó}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|ტობა}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|danau}}, {{W-|mel|teba}}
* {{Z|min}}: {{W-|min|danau}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|lago|n}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|эрьхке}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|нуур}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ}}
* {{Z|mnw}}: {{W-|mnw|လှာ|tr=hla}}
* {{Z|moe}}: {{W-|moe|shakaikan}}, {{W-|moe|natuashu}}
* {{Z|umu}}: {{W-|umu|mbíisus}}
* {{Z|mlv}}: {{W-|mlv|bē}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W-|nah|hueyi atezcatl}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|амоан|tr=amoan}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|laco|n}}
* {{Z|nsk}}: {{W-|nsk|ᓂᐱᔾ}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|tooh}}, {{W-|nv|beʼekʼid}}
* {{Z|nd}}: {{W-|nd|ichibi|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|yrk}}: {{W-|yrk|то|tr=tō}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|ताल}}
* {{Z|nio}}: {{W-|nio|турку|tr=turku}}
* {{Z|niv}}: {{W-|niv|ту}}
* {{Z|niu}}: {{W-|niu|loto}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|коьл}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|lac|n}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|vatn|nt}}, {{W-|non|tjǫrn|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|innsjø|n}}, {{W-|nb|tjern|nt}}, {{W+|no|vann|nt}}, {{W+|nb|ferskvann|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|innsjø|n}}, {{W-|nn|tjern|nt}}, {{W-|nn|tjørn|m}}, {{W+|nn|vatn|nt}}
* {{Z|nzd}}: {{W-|nzd|iziba}}
* {{Z|obi}}: {{W-|obi|čnixeno}}
* {{Z|css}}: {{W-|css|lawuuna}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|zaaga'igan}}
* {{Z|oka}}: {{W-|oka|t̓ik̓ʷt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|lac|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ହ୍ରଦ}}
* {{Z|oaa}}: {{W-|oaa|омо̄|tr=omō}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|hara}}, {{W-|om|haroo}}
* {{Z|orh}}: {{W-|orh|amʊdʒi}}, {{W-|orh|amʊkan}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|цад}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|كول|tr=göl}}
* {{Z|otw}}: {{W-|otw|zaaghigan}}, {{W-|otw|zaaghiganan|p}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|كۆل}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|koʻl}}
* {{Z|pwn}}: {{W-|pwn|tjebek}}, {{W-|pwn|djanaw}}
* {{Z|cpa}}: {{W-|cpa|dsieg¹²}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|daha|n}}, {{W-|pi|rahada}}, {{W-|pi|udakarahada}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|lago}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|ونګره|m|tr=wann-garah}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|lagh|n}}
* {{Z|myp}}: {{W-|myp|xaabói}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Läacht|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|jezioro|nt}}
* {{Z|pon}}: {{W-|pon|leh}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|lago|n}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|assaran|nt}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਝੀਲ|m}}
* {{Z|pua}}: {{W-|pua|japonda}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|көл}}
* {{Z|cng}}: {{W-|cng|ˌɕɥɛzɨ ̥ˈkhwɑ}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲑⲁⲗⲁⲥⲥⲁ|m}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|rano}}
* {{Z|rar}}: {{W-|rar|roto}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|lêg|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|lai|n}}, {{W-|rm|lag|n}}, {{W-|rm|laitg|n}}, {{W-|rm|lej|n}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|baro paji|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|lac|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|о́зеро|nt}}
* {{Z|str}}: {{W-|str|XOĆE}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|jävri}}
*: {{Z|sjd}}: {{W-|sjd|я̄ввьр}}
*: {{Z|smj}}: {{W-|smj|jávrre}}
*: {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|jávri}}
*: {{Z|sje}}: {{W-|sje|jávvre}}
*: {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|jäuˊrr}}
*: {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|jaevrie}}
*: {{Z|sju}}: {{W-|sju|jávrrie}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|lano}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|सरोवर|nt}}, {{W+|sa|सलिलभर|n}}, {{W+|sa|सरस्|nt}}, {{W+|sa|ह्रद|n}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|lagu|n}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|danaw}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|lacu|n}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|ڍَنڍَ|m|tr=ḍhanḍha}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|је̏зеро|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|jȅzero|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|loch}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|ѥзєро|nt}}, {{W-|cu|ѥзєръ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|озеро|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|jazero|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|jezero|nt}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|haro|m}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|jazor|n}}, {{W-|dsb|jazoro|nt}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|jězor|n}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|letsha}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lago|n}}
* {{Z|sto}}: {{W-|sto|mné}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|situ}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ტო̄მბ}}, {{W-|sva|მჷჰ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|jito|c5|c6}}, {{W-|sw|majito|p}}, {{W+|sw|ziwa|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sjö|g}}, {{W+|sv|insjö|g}}, {{W+|sv|tjärn|nt}}, {{W+|sv|vatten|nt}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၼွင်}}
* {{Z|shp}}: {{W-|shp|ián}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|кӧл|tr=köl}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|дагар}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|кӯл}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|lawa}}
* {{Z|ty}}: {{W-|ty|loto}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|ஏரி}}, {{W+|ta|இலங்கு}}
* {{Z|tcb}}: {{W-|tcb|menh}}
* {{Z|taa}}: {{W-|taa|benh}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|laghe|n}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|agermam|n}}, {{W-|rif|arimam|n}}, {{W-|rif|tanda|m}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|lanaw}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สาบ}}, {{W+|th|ทะเลสาบ}}
* {{Z|tdd}}: {{W-|tdd|ᥘᥩᥒᥴ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సరస్సు}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⴰⴳⴻⵍⵎⴰⵎ|n}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|göl}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|күл}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|rebu}}
* {{Z|ssf}}: {{W-|ssf|wazakan}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ቀላይ}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰚𐰇𐰠}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|göl}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|köl}}
* {{Z|tiy}}: {{W-|tiy|ranaw}}
* {{Z|tiw}}: {{W-|tiw|kilinjini|n}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|མཚོ}}
* {{Z|tli}}: {{W-|tli|áa}}
* {{Z|kim}}: {{W-|kim|һөл|tr=höl}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W+|tpi|wara}}, {{W-|tpi|raunwara}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|loto}}
* {{Z|tum}}: {{W-|tum|nyanja}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|хөл}}
* {{Z|ifk}}: {{W-|ifk|lob'ong}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|ты}}
* {{Z|unm}}: {{W-|unm|mënëpèkw}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دریاچہ|n|tr=daryācā}}, {{W-|ur|جھیل|m|tr=jhīl}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|о́зеро|nt}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|lak|n}}, {{W-|vec|łago|n}}, {{W-|vec|làch}}
* {{Z|vep}}: {{W-|vep|järv}}, {{W-|vep|järv'}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|hồ}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|lak}}
* {{Z|vor}}: {{W-|vor|järv'}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|järvi}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|laetche|m}}, {{W+|wa|lak|n}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|danaw}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|llyn|n}}
* {{Z|win}}: {{W-|win|té}}
* {{Z|wuh}}: {{W-|wuh|co}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|кӧл}}
* {{Z|kca}}: {{W-|kca|маӆаӈ}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|បឹង}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|ichibi|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|yak}}: {{W-|yak|watám}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|күөл}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|akámaka}}, {{W-|yag|akamaka}}
* {{Z|yaq}}: {{W-|yaq|vaakum}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|אָזערע|m}}, {{W-|yi|סאַזשלקע|m}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|adagun}}
* {{Z|yuy}}: {{W-|yuy|nuur}}
* {{Z|ykg}}: {{W-|ykg|йалҕил}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|nanvaq}}
* {{Z|yuz}}: {{W-|yuz|kudawa}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|λίμνη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|λίμνη}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|meer}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|huz}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|ichibi|c5|c6}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|lake|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76108221}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gol|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|spor}} [[cih|Cih]]ê [[lîstikvan]] [[tê koşîn|tê dikoşin]] [[gog]]ê [[avêtin|biavêjin]] tê de.
#: {{hevmane|ku|armanc|hedef|qele}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kî îro di golê de ye?}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[gog|Gog]][[avêtin]]a wê [[hedef]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Di maçê de 2 '''gol''' hatin kirin.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|golgir
|golgirî
|golker
|golkerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|en|ku|goal|w=[[armanc]], [[hedef]]}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|qele, cihê hedef di sporê de|1}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Tor|nt}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|qapı}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|ate}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|варо́ты|p}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|врата|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|brána|m}}, {{W+|cs|branka|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|球門|tr=qiúmén}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|mål}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|gawang}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مَرْمًى|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|جون|n|tr=gōn}}, {{W-|arz|جول|n|tr=gōl}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|مَرْمى|n|tr=marma}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|դարպաս}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|golejo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|värav}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گل|tr=gol}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|mál|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|maali}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|but|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|bàir|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|კარი}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|doel|nt}}, {{W+|nl|goal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שַׁעַר|n|tr=shá'ar}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|golo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|goal}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|cúl|n}}, {{W-|ga|báire|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|porta|m}}, {{W+|it|rete|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|mark|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|ゴール|tr=gōru}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|porteria|m}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|골}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|vārti|n-p}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ປະຕູ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Gol|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kapu}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|mål|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|bramka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|gol|n}}, {{W+|pt|baliza|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|poartă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|воро́та|p}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|го̑л|n}}, {{W-|sh|вра́та|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|gȏl|n}}, {{W+|sh|vráta|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|bránka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|gól|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wrota|p}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|portería|m}}, {{W+|es|arco|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|bao}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mål|nt}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ประตู}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|గోలు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kale}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|воро́та|p}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cầu môn}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|τέρμα|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|goal|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76025001}}

{{werger-ser|gogavêtina hedefê|2}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Tor|nt}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|gol}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|гол|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|гол|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|gól|n}}, {{W+|cs|branka|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|進球|tr=jìnqiú}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|mål}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|gol}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|هَدَف|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|جون|n|tr=gōn}}, {{W-|arz|جول|n|tr=gōl}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|هَدَف|n|tr=hadaf}}, {{W-|acw|قول|n|tr=gōl}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|գոլ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|golo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گل|tr=gol}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|mál}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|maali}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|but|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|tadhal|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|gol|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გოლი}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|doelpunt|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|goal}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|cúl|n}}, {{W-|ga|báire|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|gol|n}}, {{W+|it|rete|m}}, {{W+|it|goal|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|mark|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|ゴール|tr=gōru}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|gol|n}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|골}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Gol|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|gól}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|गोल|tr=gol}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|mål|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|gol|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|gol|n}}, {{W+|pt|golo|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|gol|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|гол|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|го̑л|n}}, {{W-|sh|по̀годак|n}}, {{W-|sh|згоди́так|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|gȏl|n}}, {{W+|sh|pògodak|n}}, {{W+|sh|zgodítak|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|gól|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wrota|p}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|gol|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|bao}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mål|nt}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|గోలు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gol}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|гол|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|ghi bàn}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|τέρμα|nt}}, {{W+|el|καλάθι|nt}}, {{W+|el|γκολ|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|goal|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76025001}}

== {{ziman|eu}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|eu}}
# {{mijar|eu|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|eu}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|eu|gol}}

== {{ziman|gl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|gl|z=n}}
# {{mijar|gl|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|gl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|gl|gol}}

== {{ziman|id}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|id}}
# {{mijar|id|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|id}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|id|gol}}

== {{ziman|it}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|it|z=n}}
# {{mijar|it|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|it}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|it|gol}}

== {{ziman|ca}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ca|z=n}}
# {{mijar|ca|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|ca}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ca|gol}}

== {{ziman|pl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pl|z=n}}
# {{mijar|pl|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|pl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pl|gol}}

== {{ziman|pt}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-MedK1-gol.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pt|z=n}}
# {{mijar|pt|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|pt}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pt|gol}}

== {{ziman|ro}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ro}}
# {{g|ku|vala}}, {{g|ku|vale}}
#* {{bêmînak|ro}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ro|vala}}

== {{ziman|sh}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|sh}}
# {{g|ku|tazî}}, {{g|ku|rût}}, {{g|ku|rûs}}, {{g|ku|bêcil}}
#* {{bêmînak|sh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sh|tazî}}

== {{ziman|sl}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|sl}}
# {{g|ku|tazî}}, {{g|ku|rût}}, {{g|ku|rûs}}, {{g|ku|bêcil}}
#* {{bêmînak|sl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sl|tazî}}

== {{ziman|es}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|es|z=n}}
# {{mijar|es|werziş}} {{g|ku|gol}} (gogavêtina hedefê)
#* {{bêmînak|es}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|es|gol}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# {{f|tr|futbol}} [[gol#Kurdî|gol]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{g|ku|îmza}}
#* {{bêmînak|tk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|îmza}}

== {{ziman|tpi}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tpi}}
# {{g|ku|zêr}}
#* {{bêmînak|tpi}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tpi|zêr}}</text>
      <sha1>ik0d4n2g1b00m9t5iqt46rak3o8wnau</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13194</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291007</id>
      <parentid>6248893</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291007</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3094" sha1="g3g9rl2j3f3k33pko87yshshmdoinzz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[hîç|Hîç]], [[yekcar]], [[êkcar]], [[tî]], [[niqit]], [[ti car]], [[ter]], [[çu]], bi [[ti]] [[awa]]yî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''qet''' nayên.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ma te '''qet''' dîtiye ku dijmin bûye dost?!}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|qe}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|qed
|qey
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qeten
|qetî
|qet kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qet bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qetkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qetbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|قَط}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|nie}}, {{W+|de|keineswegs}}, {{W+|de|niemals}}, {{W+|de|überhaupt}}, {{W+|de|keine}}, {{W+|de|keinesfalls|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|gar|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|durchaus nicht|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|ganz und gar nicht|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|gar nicht|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|je|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|nimmer|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|überhaupt nicht|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|أبدا}}, {{W-|ar|أبداً|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|أي|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|لن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اصلا}}, {{W-|fa|ھرگز}}, {{W-|fa|ریسمان کوتاه|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|never}}, {{W+|en|cablet}}, {{W+|en|whatsoever}}, {{W+|en|ever|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|aught|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|nor at all|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|warp|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|totally|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|asla}}, {{W+|tr|hiç}}, {{W+|tr|katiyen}}, {{W-|tr|deme gitsin|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|katiyen olmaz|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|tek bir|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|duşak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|hıltar|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|hiçten|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|ilmik|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kat|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kesit|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|koltuk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kopuntu|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|örk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|örük|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ds|qet|qed}}
{{ku-tewîn-nav|qet|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[perçe|Perçe]], [[beş]], bi taybetî perçên bi [[qetandin]]a tiştekî çêbûne.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ew jî nemerdiyê nake, hema radibe ser xwe, radihêje şûrê xwe li serê mar dixe û dike qetqetî. Sê çar çêlikên baz hene, her çêlikekê '''qetekî''' datîne ber wan û yekî jî datîne dera hanê.|Eslîxan Yıldırım, Pirtûka Herdemciwanê, Enstîtuya Kurdî ya Amedê, Çapa yekemîn, 2009, rp:15}}
# Birînên ji tiştekî tûş ve hatî kirin.

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|perçe
|qet qetî
|qetqetî
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|qetandin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar}}, binêre: [[qed]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Stück}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|part}}, {{W+|en|cut}}
* {{Z|tr}}: özellikle bir şeyin kesilmesiyle oluşan {{W+|tr|parça}}, {{W+|tr|kısım}}, {{W+|tr|kesit|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|koltuk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kopuntu|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|örk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|örük|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|palamar|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|sıfır|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tek|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|zerre kadar|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kat'iyen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kesik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g3g9rl2j3f3k33pko87yshshmdoinzz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>piç</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13297</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291008</id>
      <parentid>6285865</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291008</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1282" sha1="gvnfk89v0vas2zgk9d9jk64civx2qb8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|piç|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pil]], [[çip]], [[lib]], [[kêm]], [[hindik]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Piça''' avê bi dest me neket.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|piç bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piç kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piçbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piçkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piçbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|piçkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|piçandin
|piçandî
|piçek
|piçekê
|piçekî
|piçî
|piçîn
|piço-piço
|pirç-piç
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|bißchen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اندک}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|divvy}}, {{W+|en|dribblet}}, {{W+|en|bit|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|little piece|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çıngı}}, {{W+|tr|damla}}, {{W+|tr|fiske}}, {{W+|tr|göbel}}, {{W+|tr|kırıntı}}, {{W+|tr|kopil}}, {{W-|tr|miskalle}}, {{W+|tr|nebze}}, {{W+|tr|pil}}, {{W-|tr|taariz}}, {{W+|tr|tike}}, {{W+|tr|zırnık}}, {{W+|tr|azıcık}}, {{W+|tr|parça}}, {{W-|tr|az miktar}}, {{W-|tr|küçük bir miktar}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|tr}}
# [[bîjî]], [[bîje]], [[xwînheram]], [[pîç]], [[weledzina]], [[xirofaş]], [[şîrheram]], [[sînorte]], [[xurofaş]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>gvnfk89v0vas2zgk9d9jk64civx2qb8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>goşt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13523</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291009</id>
      <parentid>6103480</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291009</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11772" sha1="audfp4t84y1fnfbpacn33zc7smq3ich" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|ɡoːˈtin}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-goşt.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|goşt|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[parçe|Parçe]]yên [[nerm]] yên [[leş]]î; ev parçeyên leşê [[heywan]]an tên [[xwarin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Erê te '''goşt''' yan jî mirîşk divêt?|Bi maneya goştê berxî bo xwarinê|rêz=1}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گۆشت}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|çerm}}
* {{g|ku|hestî}}
* {{g|ku|pîst}}
* {{g|ku|xwîn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|avgoşt
|bêgoşt
|bêgoştî
|bigoşt
|bigoştî
|goştdar
|goştdarî
|goştgiran
|goştgiranî
|goştî
|kêmgoşt
|kêmgoştî
|têrgoşt
|têrgoştî
|goşt girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|goştgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî û zazakî ''goşt'', [[kurdiya başûrî]] [[gûşt]] / [[gwêşt]], belûçî û {{hv|fa|گوشت|tr=goşt, gûşt}}, {{hv|pal||goşt|sc=Latn}}, tacikî [[гӯшт]] (gûşt), talîşî ''gûjd''... hemû ji {{ji|ira}} ji ''*gaw-'' ([[ga]], [[çêlek]]) + -*''tenu'' ([[leş]], [[ten]]) anku &quot;leşê gayan/ çêlekan&quot;. Binêre: [[ga]] û [[ten]]. Lê herwiha bide ber zimanên germenî yên bakurî: {{hv|sv|kött}}, danmarkî [[kød]], norwecî [[kjøtt]], îzlendî [[kjöt]]... Peyva hindî [[गोश्]] (goşt), kirgîzî û oyxurî ''göş'', ozbekî [[goʻsht]], urdûyî [[گوشت]] (goşt)... ji zimanên îranî hatine wergirtin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ажьы}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|cado}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|vleis}}
* {{Z|aih}}: {{W-|aih|naːn⁴}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mish}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Fleisch|nt}}
* {{Z|ryn}}: {{W-|ryn|肉|tr=しし, shishi}}, {{W-|ryn|身|tr=みー, mī}}
* {{Z|ams}}: {{W-|ams|肉|tr=しし, shishi}}, {{W-|ams|身|tr=みー, mī}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ሥጋ}}
* {{Z|ani}}: {{W-|ani|рикьи}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܒܣܪܐ|tr=besrā}}
* {{Z|aqc}}: {{W-|aqc|акь}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|carne|m}}
* {{Z|aer}}: {{W-|aer|kere}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|মাংস}}, {{W-|as|মঙহ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|carne|m}}
* {{Z|ask}}: {{W-|ask|mos}}
* {{Z|ask}}: {{W-|ask|mus}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|гьан}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|カㇺ|tr=kam}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ət}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|haragi}}, {{W-|eu|okela}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ит}}
* {{Z|bbl}}: {{W-|bbl|დითხ}}, {{W-|bbl|დითხი̆}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|Fleisch}}
* {{Z|bej}}: {{W-|bej|shaat}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|мя́са|nt}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|گوشت|tr=gošt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|মাংস}}, {{W+|bn|গোশত}}
* Berberî:
*: {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⴰⴽⵙⵓⵎ|n}}
*: {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|aksum|n}}
*: {{Z|shy}}: {{W-|shy|aksum|n}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|karne}}
* {{Z|bor}}: {{W-|bor|ködü}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|kig|n}}
* {{Z|kxd}}: {{W-|kxd|daging}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|месо́|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အသား}}, {{W+|my|မံသ}}
* {{Z|pcc}}: {{W-|pcc|noh}}
* {{Z|dz}}: {{W-|dz|ཤ}}
* {{Z|cdy}}: {{W-|cdy|naːn⁴}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|pekano}}
* {{Z|cjm}}: {{W-|cjm|ꨣꨯꨤꨱꨥ|tr=ralauw}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|жижиг}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|maso|nt}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎭᏫᏯ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|nyama}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|肉|tr=juk6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|жу}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|肉|tr=ròu}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|肉|tr=jio̍k / lio̍k / he̍k / hia̍k}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|тэкичгын|tr=tėkičgyn}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|аш}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|cuarne|m}}, {{W-|dlm|kuarno}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|kød|nt}}
* {{Z|sce}}: {{W-|sce|migva}}
* {{Z|duu}}: {{W-|duu|sha}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|tjyöt|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|daging}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|لَحْم|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|لحمة|m|tr=láḥma}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|لحمة|m|tr=laḥme}}
*: {{Z|acm}}: {{W-|acm|لحم|m|tr=laḥam}}
*: {{Z|ayn}}: {{W-|ayn|شركة|m|tr=šerkeh}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|միս}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|viando}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|liha}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|улрэ}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|уллэ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گوشت|tr=gôšt, gušt}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|kjøt|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|liha}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|viande|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cjâr|m}}, {{W-|fur|cjar|m}}, {{W-|fur|čhâr|m}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|Meet}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|fleis|nt}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|feòil|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|carne|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶|nt}}, {{W-|got|𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ხორცი}}, {{W-|ka|ჩიჩია}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|vyann}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W+|ha|nama}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|गोश्त|n}}, {{W+|hi|मांस|n}}, {{W+|hi|माँस|n}}, {{W+|hi|लहम|n}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|nqaij}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vlees|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|בָּשָׂר|m|tr=basár}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|karno}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|flǣsċ|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|meat}}, {{W+|en|flesh}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|дулх}}
* {{Z|ill}}: {{W-|ill|daging}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|feoil|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|carne|m}}
* {{Z|ium}}: {{W-|ium|orv}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|kjöt|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|肉|tr=にく, niku}}, {{W+|ja|身|tr=み, mi}}
* {{Z|jra}}: {{W-|jra|mơnŏng}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|dagiṅ}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|iwak}}, {{W+|jv|ulam}}, {{W+|jv|daging}}
* {{Z|kab}}: {{W-|kab|aksum|n}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|neqi}}
* {{Z|bsh}}: {{W-|bsh|mus}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|miãso}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|carn|m}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|nĩ}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|aycha}}
* {{Z|kjj}}: {{W-|kjj|лыкка}}
* {{Z|kzg}}: {{W-|kzg|肉|tr=しし, shishi}}, {{W-|kzg|身|tr=みー, mī}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|эт}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|මස්}}
* {{Z|bkm}}: {{W-|bkm|njwò}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|nyama|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|고기}}, {{W+|ko|살}}, {{W-|ko|-육(肉)}}
* {{Z|rop}}: {{W-|rop|bif}}
* {{Z|mcm}}: {{W-|mcm|kandri}}
* {{Z|xug}}: {{W-|xug|肉|tr=しー, shī, ししー, shishī}}, {{W-|xug|身|tr=み, mi}}
* {{Z|lbe}}: {{W-|lbe|дикӏ}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|gale}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|carō|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|gaļa|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ຊີ້ນ}}, {{W-|lo|ເນຶ້ອ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|xorǯi}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|йак}}, {{W-|lez|як}}
* {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|càrne|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|mėsa}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦋᦲᧃᧉ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Fleesch}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|sapu}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|месо|nt}}
* {{Z|mkg}}: {{W-|mkg|naːn⁴}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഇറച്ചി}}; {{W+|ml|മാംസം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|daging}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|laħam|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠶᠠᠯᡳ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|feill|m}}
* {{Z|mmd}}: {{W-|mmd|naːn⁴}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|mīti}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|sapo'}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hús}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|ხორცი}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|jwf|h=i-W:f-F51:Z2ss}}
* {{Z|mvi}}: {{W-|mvi|肉|tr=しぃーしぃ, sï̄sï}}, {{W-|mvi|身|tr=むっ, mm, みㇲ゙, miz}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|мах}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ}}
* Nahuatl:
*: Klasîk: {{W-|nci|nacatl}}
*: {{Z|azz}}: {{W-|azz|nacat}}
*: {{Z|nhx}}: {{W-|nhx|nacaꞌ}}
*: {{Z|ncj}}: {{W-|ncj|nacatl}}
*: {{Z|nhg}}: {{W-|nhg|nacatl}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|уликсэ}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|ciacella|m}}, {{W-|nap|carne}}, {{W-|nap|carn}}, {{W-|nap|carna}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|atsįʼ}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Fleesch|nt}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|kjøtt|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|kjøt|nt}}, {{W+|nn|kjøtt|nt}}
* {{Z|okn}}: {{W-|okn|肉|tr=しし, shishi}}, {{W-|okn|身|tr=みー, mī}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|肉|tr=しし, shishi}}, {{W-|ryu|身|tr=み, mi}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|carn|m}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|foon}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|фыд}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|گۆش}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|goʻsht}}
* {{Z|pac}}: {{W-|pac|xách}}, {{W-|pac|xéich}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|maṁsa}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|غوښه|m|tr=ǧwëẍa}}
* {{Z|sje}}: {{W-|sje|bärrgo}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|kuka}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Fleesch|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mięso|nt}}
* {{Z|roa-opt}}: {{W-|roa-opt|carne}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|carne|m}}
* {{Z|prn}}: {{W-|prn|musuk}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|mēnsa}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਗੋਸ਼ਤ}}, {{W-|pa|ਮਾਸ}}, {{W-|pa|ਮੀਟ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ет}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲁⲃ|n|tr=ɑb}}, {{W-|cop|ⲁϥ|n|tr=af}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|charn|m}}, {{W-|rm|carn|m}}, {{W-|rm|tgarn|m}}, {{W-|rm|tgern|m}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|mas|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|carne|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|мя́со|nt}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|мнясо|nt}}
* {{Z|ksw}}: {{W-|ksw|ညၣ်}}
* {{Z|ssy}}: {{W-|ssy|xazo}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|biergu}}
* {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|bearkoe}}
* {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|vueʹǯǯ}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|fasipovi}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|मांस|tr=māṃsá|nt}}
*: {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|मांस्|tr=mā́ṃs|nt}}, {{W+|sa|मास्|tr=mā́s|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|pètha}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|unod}}, {{W-|ceb|karne}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|carni|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ме̑со|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|mȇso|nt}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|мѧсо|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|mäso|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|meso|nt}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|hilib}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|měso|nt}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|mjaso|nt}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W+|st|nama}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|carne|m}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ლეღვ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|nyama|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kött|nt}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၼိူဝ်ႉ}}
* {{Z|shy}}: {{W-|shy|aksum|n}}
* {{Z|xsr}}: {{W-|xsr|ཤ}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|nyama|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|йикк}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|гӯшт}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|karne}}, {{W-|tl|laman}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|گوژد|tr=gužd}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|இறைச்சி}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|aysum|n}}, {{W-|rif|aksum|n}}
* {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|ⵜⵉⴼⵢⵢⵉ|m}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เนื้อ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|మాంసం}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|et}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ит}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|na'an}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W+|ti|ስጋ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|et}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|et}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཤ}}, {{W-|bo|གསོལ་དཀྲུམ}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|mit}}
* {{Z|tkn}}: {{W-|tkn|肉|tr=すぃすぃ, sïsï}}, {{W-|tkn|身|tr=みー, mī}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|kakanoʻi manu}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|misa}}
* {{Z|tum}}: {{W-|tum|nyama}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|эът}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|екъ}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎌𐎛𐎗}}
* {{Z|unm}}: {{W-|unm|wiyus}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|گوشت|n|tr=gośt}}, {{W-|ur|مانس|n|tr=mā̃s}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|м'я́со|nt}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|carne|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thịt}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|mit}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|tchå}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cig|n}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W+|wo|yàpp}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សាច់}}, {{W+|km|មំសៈ}}
* {{Z|rys}}: {{W-|rys|肉|tr=しぃしぃ, sïsï}}, {{W-|rys|身|tr=みぃー, mï̄}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|ёта}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|эт}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|antapa}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פֿלייש|nt}}
* {{Z|yoi}}: {{W-|yoi|肉|tr=ちち, chichi}}, {{W-|yoi|身|tr=みー, mī}}
* {{Z|yox}}: {{W-|yox|肉|tr=しし, shishi}}, {{W-|yox|身|tr=み, mi}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|kemek}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κρέας|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κρέας|nt}}
*: Dorîk: {{W-|grc|κρῆς|nt}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|vleis|nt}}, {{W-|zea|vleês|nt}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|noh}}, {{W-|za|nwx}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|inyama|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|ʘàje}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{mijar|ku|Bazîd|Qerejdax|Deşta Mêrdînê|Wêranşar|Rojhilata Dêrsim|Ûrmiyê|Siwêreg|Bilîs|Semsûr|Agirî|Qulek|Wan|Qonye|Erxenî|Bazarcix|Amûde|Wan/Payîzava|Lîce}}</text>
      <sha1>audfp4t84y1fnfbpacn33zc7smq3ich</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>germ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13553</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291010</id>
      <parentid>6262137</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291010</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15908" sha1="3esiwjgkom95146k9nam5cr9prdjabh" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ɡæɾm/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-germ.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|germ}}
[[Wêne:Noto_Emoji_Oreo_2615.svg|thumb|Vexwarineke '''germ'''.]]
[[Wêne:Bangladesh hot weather 6.jpg|thumb|Rojên '''germ''' mirov dixwazin avê li xwe bikin.]]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ne [[sar]], ne [[tezî]],  &lt;br&gt;[[xwedî]] [[tîn]], [[tesîr]]a [[agir]]î yan jî ya [[roj]]ê
#: {{nm|ku|Hewayê '''germ''', çaya '''germ''', welatên '''germ'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Agir gelek/pir '''germ''' e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Îro hewa '''germ''' e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Havînê dinya '''germ''' e û zivistanê sar e.}}
#: {{dijmaneyên peyvê|ku|sar|tezî|cemidî}}
# [[gur]], [[geş]], [[xurt]]:
#: {{nm|ku|Bazar '''germ''' bûye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gotûbêj li ser wê mijarê '''germ''' in.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Her dema xutbe dihate&lt;br /&gt;'''Germ''' dibûn zikr û civate&lt;br /&gt;Keşf dibûn jê mucizate}}
# [[ji dil]], [[cidî]], [[dostane]]
#: {{nm|ku|Silavên '''germ''', spasiyeke '''germ''', bixêrhatineke '''germ'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گه‌رم}}
* {{ku-kr|гәрм}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|gerim}}
* {{g|ku|garm}}
* {{g|ku|garmik}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|kel}}

==== Têkilî ====
* {{g|ku|hînik}}

==== Qafiye ====
* {{g|ku|çerm}}
* {{g|ku|nerm}}
* {{g|ku|şerm}}
* {{g|ku|term}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|genim}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|germ bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|germ kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|germbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|germkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|germbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|germkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|germa
|germahî
|germandin
|germandî
|germatî
|germav
|germavî
|germayî
|germpîv
|germpîvk
|germşîr
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{etymon|ku|id=xwedî tîn|inh|ira-pro&gt;*garmáh&gt;tîn|tree=1|text=++}}

[[hevreh|Hevreh]]a soranî {{g|ckb|گه‌رم|tr=germ}}, hewramî/zazakî ''germ'', belûçî/farisî {{g|fa|گرم‎|tr=germ}}, peştûyî {{g|ps|ګرم‎|tr=gerëm}}, avestayî [[𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬀‎]] (garəma, /gerime/)... {{hv|sa|घर्म}} (gharmá), hindî [[घर्म]] (gharma), ûrdûyî {{g|ur|گھرم|tr=‎gharm, gherm}}... {{hv|hy|ջերմ}} (ǰerm)... almanî/holendî/îngilîzî ''[[warm]]'', danmarkî/norwecî/swêdî ''[[varm]]''... latînî ''[[formus]]'' (germ)... {{hv|grc|θερμός}} (thermós)... {{hv|ru|горе́ть}} (gorétʹ: [[sotin]], [[şewitîn]], [[hilbûn]]) û [[греть]] (gretʹ: germ kirin)...

Peyva yûnanî [[θερμός]] (thermós) hem wek ''[[termos]]'' û hem jî wek [[pêşgir]]a ''[[termo-]]'' ketiye gelek zimanan û kurdî jî.

Heman rehê proto-hindûewropî herwiha serekaniya peyva latînî ''[[fornus]] / [[furnus]]'' e ku wek ''[[firin]]'' ketiye kurdî jî.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Chyet}}
* {{Horn}}
* {{Rix}}
* {{The Tower of Babel}}
* {{Tsabolov}}
* {{Watkins}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|گه‌رم|tr=germ}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: germ
* {{Z|hac}}: germ
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W+|zza|germ}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|hinekî germ, bi awayekî xweş germ}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|ngrohtë|cuda=i ngrohtë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|warm}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|caldu}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|গৰম}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|хинаб}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ilıq}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|йылы}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|цёплы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|গরম}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|tomm}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|то́пъл}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ပူ|sc=Mymr}}, {{W+|my|နွေး|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|дулаан}}
* {{Z|kac}}: {{W-|kac|lum}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|мела}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|teplý}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|暖|tr=nyun5}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|暖和|tr=nuǎnhuó}}, {{W-|cmn|溫暖|tr=wēnnuǎn}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ӑшӑ}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|varm}}, {{W-|da|lun}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|hangat}}, {{W+|id|panas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|دَافِئ}}, {{W-|ar|دَفِيء}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ջերմ}}, {{W+|hy|տաք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|varma}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|soe}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|ням}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|няма}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گرم|tr=garm}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lämmin}}, {{W+|fi|lämpöinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|chaud|n}}, {{W+|fr|chaude|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cjalt}}, {{W-|fur|čhald}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|wārem}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|waarm}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|blàth}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|quente|n}}, {{W+|gl|morno}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|თბილი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|aku}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|cho}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|madagadang}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|गरम}}, {{W+|hi|गर्म}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|kub}}, {{W-|mww|sov}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|warm}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|חמים|n|tr=khamím}}, {{W-|he|חמימה|m|tr=khamimá}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|wearm}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|warm}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|lämmää}}, {{W-|izh|sooja}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|мела}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|calide}}, {{W-|ia|calorose}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|te}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|caldo}}
* {{Z|ium}}: {{W-|ium|siouv}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hlýr}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|暖かい|tr=あたたかい, atatakai}}, {{W+|ja|温かい|tr=あたたかい, atatakai}}, {{W-|ja|ホカホカ|tr=Hokahoka}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|hangĕt}}, {{W-|kaw|panas}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|anget}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|дулан}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|cepły}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|calent}}, {{W+|ca|càlid}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|q’uñi}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жылуу}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|шоныд}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|따뜻하다}}
* {{Z|zko}}: {{W-|zko|fal}}, {{W-|zko|phal}}
* {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|so}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sylts}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|calidus}}, {{W-|la|caleō}}, {{W-|la|formus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|silts}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ອຸ່ນ}}, {{W-|lo|ອົບອຸ່ນ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|šiltas|n}}, {{W-|lt|šilta|m}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|cald}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|waarm}}, {{W-|lb|wuarm}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|bòrm}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|топол}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഊഷ്മള}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|hangat}}, {{W-|ms|suam}}, {{W+|ms|panas}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠪᡠᠯᡠᡴᠠᠨ}}
* {{Z|mns-nor}}: {{W-|mns-nor|ма̄лтып}}, {{W-|mns-nor|лоньсиӈ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|mahana}}, {{W-|mi|pūmahana}}, {{W-|mi|pūwerawera}}, {{W-|mi|pūwera}}, {{W-|mi|pūāhuru}}, {{W-|mi|āhuru}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|meleg}}
* {{Z|lus}}: {{W-|lus|lum}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|дулаан}}, {{W-|mn|дулаахан}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|няма}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|caûd}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|varm}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ଗରମ}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|хъарм}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئىلمان}}, {{W-|ug|ئىسسىق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|iliq}}, {{W+|uz|issiq}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|kayente}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ciepły}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|morno}}, {{W+|pt|quente}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жылы|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|hana}}
* {{Z|raw}}: {{W-|raw|lø̀m}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|chaud}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|tato}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cald|n}}, {{W+|ro|caldă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|тёплый}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|liekkas}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|mafanafana}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|उष्ण}}
* {{Z|sc}}:
*: Kampîdanî: {{W-|sc|buddiu}}, {{W-|sc|basca}}, {{W-|sc|callenti}}
*: Logudorî: {{W-|sc|caente}}, {{W-|sc|callente}}, {{W-|sc|buddiu}}, {{W-|sc|caldu}}
* {{Z|sdc}}: {{W-|sdc|caldu}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|alimuot}}, {{W-|ceb|igang}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|càudu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|топао|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|topao}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|топлъ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|teplý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|topel}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|śopły}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|ćopły}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|caliente}}, {{W+|es|cálido}}, {{W+|es|caluroso}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|warm}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|varm}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|гарм}}
* Talysh:
*: {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|گرم|tr=garm|sc=fa-Arab}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|mainit}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|อุ่น}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|వెచ్చని}}
* {{Z|tft}}: {{W-|tft|sahu}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|җылы}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|manas}}
* {{Z|tvo}}: {{W-|tvo|sahu}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ılık}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýyly}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|māfana}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|tāpce}}, {{W-|txb|emalle}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W-|tpn|akub}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|шуныт}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|گرم|tr=garam, garm}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|те́плий}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|calt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|ấm}}
* {{Z|vro}}: {{W-|vro|lämmi}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cynnes}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ក្ដៅ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וואַרעם}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ζεστός}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|θερμός}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|waerm}}

{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|warm|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75873118}}

{{werger-ser|kel, zêde germ}}
* {{Z|aho}}: {{W-|aho|𑜍𑜨𑜃𑜫}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|nxehtë}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|heess}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|heiß}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|গৰম}}, {{W-|as|তপত}}, {{W-|as|চেঙা}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|caliente}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|セセㇰ|tr=sesek}}, {{W-|ain|セイセㇰ|tr=seysek}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|isti}}, {{W+|az|qaynar}}, {{W+|az|qızğın}}
* {{Z|bdq}}: {{W-|bdq|tŏ}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|bero}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|эҫе}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|гара́чы|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|গরম}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|mainit}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|горе́щ|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ပူ|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|chpelo}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|довха}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|horký|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏗᎴᎩ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|熱|tr=jit6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|жә}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|熱|tr=rè}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|熱|tr=joa̍h, loa̍h}}, {{W+|nan|燒|tr=sio}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|熱}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|нытгылӄин|tr=nytgylqin}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|varm}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ހޫނު}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|panas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حَارّ|n}}, {{W+|ar|سَاخِن}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|سخن|tr=suḵn}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|حار|tr=ḥārr}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|տաք}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|varmega}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kuum}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|хэку}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|داغ|tr=dâğ}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|heitur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuuma}}
* {{Z|frp}}: {{W-|frp|chôd}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|chaud}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cjalt}}, {{W-|fur|čhald}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|teth}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|quente}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ცხელი}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|aku}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|cho}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|गरम|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|गर्म|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|उष्ण}}, {{W+|hi|तपित}}
* Hungarian: {{sense|excessively, unpleasantly}} {{W+|hu|forró}}, {{sense|pleasantly, moderately}} {{W+|hu|meleg}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|mainit}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|kub}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|heet}}, {{W+|nl|warm}}
* {{Z|tts}}: {{W-|tts|ฮ้อน}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|חַם|tr=kham|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|varmega}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|napudot}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|hāt}}, {{W-|ang|wearm}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hot}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|kuuma}}, {{W-|izh|vari}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|дӏайха}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|calide}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|te}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|té}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|caldo}}, {{W+|it|bollente}}
* {{Z|ium}}: {{W-|ium|jorm}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|heitur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|熱い|tr=あつい, atsui|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|panas}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|mapali}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|calent}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|rỹ}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|rupha}}
* {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|وُشُن}}, {{W-|ks|گَرٕم}}, {{W-|ks|تۆت}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ысык|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|රස්නෙ|sc=Sinh}}, {{W+|si|උණු}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|пӧсь|cuda=пöсь}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|뜨겁다}},
* {{Z|zko}}: {{W-|zko|afam}}, {{W-|zko|fal}}, {{W-|zko|phal}}, {{W-|zko|paltu}}, {{W-|zko|palá}}, {{W-|zko|pfóltu}}
* {{Z|lou}}: {{W-|lou|sho}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|korsts}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|calidus}}, {{W+|la|igneus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|karsts}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຮ້ອນ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|karštas}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦣᦸᧃᧉ}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|врел}}, {{W-|mk|жежок}}, {{W-|mk|топол}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ചൂട്}}
* {{Z|mbf}}: {{W-|mbf|pane}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|panas}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|sħun|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡥᠠᠯᡥᡡᠨ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|mahana}}, {{W-|mi|wera}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|गरम}}, {{W-|mr|तप्त}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|халуун|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|пеку}}
* {{Z|nxq}}: {{W-|nxq|cer}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|varm}}, {{W+|no|het}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|caud|n}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|ho'aa}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|тӕвд}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئىسسىق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|issiq}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|ampuetang}}
* {{Z|prk}}: {{W-|prk|hax}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|تود|n|tr=tod}}, {{W-|ps|توده|m|tr=tawda}}, {{W-|ps|ګرم|tr=garëm}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|gorący}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|quente}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ыстық|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|hana}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cald}}, {{W+|ro|fierbinte}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|горя́чий}}
* {{Z|ksw}}: {{W-|ksw|ကိၢ်}}
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|hēt}}, {{W-|osx|warm}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|vevela}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|उष्ण}}, {{W+|sa|तप्त}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|init}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|вру̑ћ}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|vrȗć}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠉꠞꠝ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|horúci}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|vroč}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|kul}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|caliente}}, {{W-|es|muy caliente}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|het}}, {{W+|sv|varm}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ႁွၼ်ႉ}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|доғ|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|mainit}}, {{W-|tl|nakapapaso}}
* {{Z|nod}}: {{W-|nod|ᩁ᩶ᩬᩁ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ร้อน}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|వేడైన}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|эссе|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|manas}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sıcak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|yssy}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཚ་པོ|sc=Tibt}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|vela}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|emalle}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W-|tpn|akub}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|изиг}}, {{W-|tyv|хайныышкынныг}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|гам}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|пӧсь}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|گرم|tr=garam}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|гаря́чий|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|nóng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|hitik}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|init}}, {{W-|war|paso}}, {{W-|war|tub-ok}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|poeth}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ក្ដៅ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|הייס|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|gbona}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ζεστός|n}}, {{W+|el|θερμός}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|θερμός}}, {{W-|grc|ζεστός}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|ndat}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|fudumele}}

{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|hot|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75873116}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[germahî]], [[germayî]], [[germî]], [[rewş]]a [[germ]]:
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Laşê gernas û mêra ji ber gulê neyara&lt;br&gt;Nemaye cî ji derdan birîn li ser birînê &lt;br&gt;Tilî nema xwe digrin li çeqmaqê tifinga &lt;br&gt;Zingirîne ser û bin ji '''germê''', tev ji tînê.|Seydayê Tîrêj: ''Birîn li ser birînê''}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|germahî}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# {{g|ku|germ}}
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|zza|m=germe}}
# {{g|ku|germ}}
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|En-us-germ.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[dirm]], [[dirme]], [[bav]], [[mîkrob]], [[zindîlok]], [[xore]], [[toke]] &lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>3esiwjgkom95146k9nam5cr9prdjabh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13561</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291011</id>
      <parentid>6127608</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291011</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6044" sha1="ng7u6om7cddtafhg0nlewyewdwdxld5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr 1 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|k|req}}
# [[gelek]] [[germ]], [[zêde]] [[germ]], [[wisan]] [[germ]] ku [[kelîn|dikele]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[kejel]] [[xezal ]], [[ask]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[nêrî]] [[fehl]], [[fel]], beranê kelê, beranê ku ji bo tovandina mihan hatiye gihandin
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=&lt;i&gt;Geh şubhetê 'abidan bi daxwaz&lt;br /&gt;Herlehze digel '''kela''' girînê&lt;br /&gt;Evrengehe wî digote Zînê&lt;/i&gt;}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|sar}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kel bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kel kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kel dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kelbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kelkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|keldan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kelbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kelkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kelandin
|kelandî
|keliyayî
|kelîn
|kelîn
|kelok
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|nxehtë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|heiß}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|panas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حار|m}}, {{W|ar|التیس|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الرسیل|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|قلع}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|حیوان دوساله|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|داغ|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fr}}: ([[très]]) [[chaud]], très chaude
* {{Z|gn}}: [[aku]] (h-)
* {{Z|hi}}: [[गरम]] (garam)
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|heet}}
* {{fi}} [[kuuma]]
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|חם}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|varmega}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|hat}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hot}}, {{W+|en|scorcher}}, {{W+|en|heat}}, {{W+|en|seethe}}, {{W+|en|seething|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|ewe|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|white metal|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|alkali|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|te}}
* {{Z|it}}: ([[molto]]) [[caldo]], (molto) calda
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|熱い|tr=あつい, atsui}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|calent}}
* {{Z|ms}}: [[panas]] (pah-naz)
* {{Z|mr}}: [[गरम]] (garam)
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|forró}}
* {{Z|pt}}: ([[muito]]) [[quente]]
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|vruć}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W+|sco|teth}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|vroč|m}}, {{W|sl|vroča|f}}, {{W|sl|vroče|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: ([[muy]]) [[caliente]] ''m and f''
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|het}}, {{W+|sv|varm}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[వేడైన]] (vaeDaina)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|germen}}, {{W+|tr|kaynama}}, {{W+|tr|kel}}, {{W+|tr|kele}}, {{W+|tr|kermen}}, {{W+|tr|kurgan}}, {{W+|tr|oynaş}}, {{W+|tr|yangın}}, {{W+|tr|damızlık}}, {{W|tr|kale gibi|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|gerilim|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ısı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kalay|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|karga|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|taşım|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|taşımlık|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: [[akub]] (s-)
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|ζεστός|m}}, {{W|el|ζεστή|f}}, {{W|el|ζεστό|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 2 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bêxwê]] yan [[kêmxwê]], [[bosî]], [[bêsû]], [[bêsî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfayetên din ====
* {{ku-ar|كه‌ل}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|bel
|çel
|gel
|hel
|pel
|şel
|zel
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{bilêv|k|req}}
# [[agir]], [[şewat]], [[enerjî]] &lt;br&gt;(bi taybetî &quot;agirê&quot; [[dil]]î)
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kela''' dilê min.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...bi firefirekê tirsnak '''kela''' çaydan çû.|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=61}}}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kelecan
|kelegirî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Begeisterung|f}}, {{W|de|Alkali|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Sieden|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Weißmetall|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|germen}}, {{W+|tr|kaynama}}, {{W+|tr|kel}}, {{W+|tr|kele}}, {{W+|tr|kermen}}, {{W+|tr|kurgan}}, {{W+|tr|oynaş}}, {{W+|tr|yangın}}, {{W|tr|ısı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kalay|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|karga|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|taşım|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|taşımlık|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|hind horozu|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
[[Wêne:St Michaels Church Hildesheim.jpg|thumb|kel]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{k-ya nerm}}
# {{guharto|ku|keleh|w=avahiyên mezin yên berê}}
#: {{mk|ku|'''Kela''' [[Dimdim]]ê, '''Kela''' [[Amed]]ê'', '''Kela''' [[Hewlêr]]ê}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha din ya kurmancî [[kelek]] ([[dîwar]]ê [[dûr]] [[bûstan]]an/[[zevî|zeviyan]]), pehlewî ''kelek'' ji {{ji|akk}} *keleku''. Peyva erebî {{g|ar|قلعة}} (qel'e&lt;sup&gt;t&lt;/sup&gt;) jî ji akadî ye.

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}, {{bilêv|k|nerm}}
# [[kelûpel]], [[tişt]], [[hûrûmûr]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 4 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{bilêv|k|req}}
# [[şeq]], [[derz]], [[kun]], [[qul]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[quz]], [[navran]], [[navpî]], [[navçîm]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 5 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}, {{bilêv|k|req}}
# [[ser]], [[kulox]]
#: {{mk|ku|'''Kelek''' li gogê da.}}
# [[ser]]ê [[hût]], [[ser]]ê [[rût]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*gal-|w=[[hilû]], [[rût]], [[bêmû]], kel, [[keçel]]}}, hevrehên kurmancî [[kele]], [[kelle]], [[kulox]], [[hilû]], farisî {{g|fa|کل|tr=kel}}, {{g|fa|كله|tr=kelle}}, latînî [[calvus]] (&gt; fransî [[chauve]]), rusî [[голый]] (goliy: [[rût]]), îngilîzî [[callow]], almanî [[kahl]], holendî [[kaal]], çekî û [[holý]], slovenî [[gol]], polonî [[goły]]...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-kel.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[keçel]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[gewrik]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[keçelok]], kel, [[gurî]], [[serzîzok]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[rût]]
#: {{mk|tr|'''Kel''' tepeler.|Girên rût.|birêz=1}}
# [[rût]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

== {{ziman|yet}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|yet}}
# {{mijar|yet|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}
#* {{bêmînak|yet}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|yet|av/Werger3}}

== {{ziman|zom}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zom}}
# {{f|zom|heywan}} {{g|ku|bizin}}, {{g|ku|terş}}
#* {{bêmînak|zom}}</text>
      <sha1>ng7u6om7cddtafhg0nlewyewdwdxld5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bilot</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13798</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291012</id>
      <parentid>6245465</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291012</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="674" sha1="5gj01ma2pqsb3ddbpil3gpwtgcmix06" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|bilot}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bilind|Bilind]], [[berpêş]], [[pêşkêş]].
#: {{nm|ku|Destê xwe ber bi me ve '''bilot''' kir.|Destê xwe ber bi me ve bilind kir.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[belot]]
* [[bellot]]
* [[billot]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[bel]]

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* [[bilêt]]
* [[pîlot]]

==== Jê ====
* {{mj|Lêker}} [[bilot bûn]]
* {{mj|Lêker}} [[bilot kirin]]
* {{mj|Navdêr}} [[bilotbûn]]
* {{mj|Navdêr}} [[bilotkirin]]
* {{mj|Rengdêr}} [[bilotbûyî]]
* {{mj|Rengdêr}} [[bilotkirî]]
* [[bilotahî]]
* [[bilotatî]]
* [[bilotayî]]
* [[bilotî]]</text>
      <sha1>5gj01ma2pqsb3ddbpil3gpwtgcmix06</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hutik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13864</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291013</id>
      <parentid>6282853</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291013</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1786" sha1="9xl1l8rks22i6n2crgfyuhmleabp62a" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hutik|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kulm]], [[mist]], [[gurmiç]], [[boks]], [[dest]] (bi taybetî bo [[lêdan]]ê)
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hutikek''' lê da, xwîn di dev û difinê re hat.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ev hevalê ku me cara pêşî bi hev re lingên xwe li topê xist, ê ku me di eynî demê de porê xwe şeh kir û ji keçikan re fîkand, ê ku me demekêbi hev re li ser dîwaran slagon nivîsandin, ê ku me bi hev re '''hutikên''' xwe li ba kirinû li dijî zilmê qîriyan, ê ku me bi hev re kitêb ne ku xwendin, lê daqurtandin û ê ku em ji ber bela kitêban li vî kujê cîhanê bi cih bûn, ew niha li ser riya vegera welêt e.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Payiza Dereng|weşanxane={{w|Avesta}}|sal=2014|r=13}}}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ji bo çi min evqas behsa desthilatdarîyê kir, çimkî romana Mihemed Mukrî a bi navê ‘Segwer’ (Reyîn) '''hutika''' xwe ya bindestîyê li maseya serdestîyê xistiye û mase hejandiye.|nivîskar=Çorê Arda|sernav=Desthilatdarî nêr e|url=https://xwebun.org/desthilatdari-ner-e/|malper=xwebun.org|dîrok=2020}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|himik
|himk
|humik
|humuk
|hitik
|hitk
|hutk
|ḧimik
|ḧimk
|ḧumik
|ḧumuk
|ḧitik
|ḧitk
|ḧutik
|ḧutk
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|huçik}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hetik}}
* {{g|ku|kuçik}}

==== Jê ====
* hutik [[lê dan]]
* hutik pê ketin
* hutik [[xwarin]]: hutik pê ketin

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کتک}}, {{W+|fa|مشت}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|box}}, {{W|en|punchin|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kötek}}, {{W+|tr|patak}}, {{W+|tr|yumruk}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9xl1l8rks22i6n2crgfyuhmleabp62a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13907</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291014</id>
      <parentid>6095970</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291014</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5752" sha1="n73xudhpgyffogtmqw1h3qygzjmkfov" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|cam|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[avgûn]], [[belûr]], [[şûşe]], [[krîstal]].
#: {{mk|ku|'''Cama''' pencereyê.}}
# [[qedeh]], [[piyale]], [[perdaq]]
#: {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Serxweş im meyger tu '''caman''' tev ji bo min dagire&lt;/br&gt;Ev dilê min aşiq e wek pêteke sor, agir e|{{w|Jan Dost}}, ''Dîwana Jan'', 2010}}
# [[kasa qaremaniyê]], [[kopaya cîhanî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جام}}
* {{ku-kr|щам}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Dame bi destê sirê&lt;br /&gt;'''Cam'''a ji rengê durê&lt;br /&gt;Cezbe giha can û dil}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|am
|çam
|dam
|lam
|mam
|nam
|sam
|şam
|xam
|zam
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêcam
|bêcamî
|bicam
|camçêker
|camdar
|camdarî
|camî
|camkar
|camkarî
|camsaz
|camsazî
|camvan
|camvanî
|cam bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cam kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cambûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|camkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|cambûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|camkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, [[hevreh]]a farisî {{g|fa|جام}} (cam), pehlewî ''cam'', avestayî ''yame-''. &quot;Y&quot; ya îraniya kevn di zimanên îraniya navîn û îraniya nû de dibe &quot;c&quot;, binere: [[cejn]], [[ciwan]], [[cade]], [[cil]]...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|glas}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Glas|nt}}, {{W+|de|Glasscheibe|m}}, {{W+|de|Scheibe|guman=erê|m}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{syr}} : [[ܙܓܘܓܝܬܐ]] (zgūgītā’)
*: {{he}} : [[זגוגיתא]] (zgūgītā’)
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|beira}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|কাঁচ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[стъкло]] (stâklo)
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|sklo|nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[玻璃]] (bōlí)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|glas|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kaca|xs=Indonesian}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|زجاج|cuda=زُجَاج|tr=zujāj}}, {{W-|ar|جام|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: [[ապակի]] (apaki)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|vitro|xs=Esperanto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|klaas#Estonian}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شیشه}}, {{W+|fa|شیشه|tr=šīšeh}}, {{W+|fa|بلور}}, {{W+|fa|جام}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lasi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|verre|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|gloinne|m}}, {{W-|gd|glainne|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|vidro|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|શીશો}}
* {{Z|ka}}: [[მინა]] (mina)
* {{Z|hi}}: [[ग्लास]] (glās), [[शीशा]] (šīšā)
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|glas|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: [[זכוכית]] (zhuhit), [[זגוגית]] (zgugit)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|glass}}, {{W+|en|emery}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|gloine|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|vetro|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|gler|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[ガラス]] (garasu, [[硝子]])
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|vidre|n}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[유리]] (yuri)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|vitrum|nt}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|stikls|n}}, {{W-|lt|stiklas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|стакло|tr=stáklo|nt}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|സ്ഫടികം}}, {{W-|ml|പളുങ്കുപാത്രം}}, {{W-|ml|ഗ്ലാസ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kaca|xs=Malay}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ħġieġ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|karaihe}}, {{W-|mi|karāhe}}, {{W+|mi|karaehe}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|कांच}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|üveg}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|szkło|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|vidro|n}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਸ਼ੀਸ਼ਾ}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|sticlă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|стекло|tr=stʲekló|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|staklo|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|staklo|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: [[стакло#Serbian|стакло]] {{n}}, [[cpчa]] {{m}}
*: Roman: [[staklo#Serbian|staklo]] {{n}}, [[srča]] {{m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|sklo|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|steklo|nt}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|kgalase}}
* {{Z|es}}: [[cristal]]  {{italbrac|Spain}}, [[vidrio]]  {{italbrac|Latin America}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|glasi|xs=Swahili}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|glas|nt}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|salamin|nt}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|แก้ว|tr=gâew}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|గాజు|sc=Telu|tr=gaaju}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|cam}}, {{W+|tr|sırça}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|گلاس|tr=glās}}, {{W-|ur|شیشہ|tr=šīše}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|скло}}
* {{Z|yi}}: [[גלאָז]] (gloz) {{m|m}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|γυαλί}}, {{W-|grc|ύαλος}}, {{W-|grc|ὕελος}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ὕαλος}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tiştê ku ji wê [[materyal]]ê hatiye çêkirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Ev aman hemû '''cam''' in.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cam.wav|Deng|dever=Başûrê Îngilistanê, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-cam.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# Girka çerxî, [[kam]] &lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;.
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|kr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|kr|câm}}
# {{f|kr|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|şîr}}
#* {{bêmînak|kr}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-cam.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# Cam, [[pîpok]].
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# Cam.
#: {{mk|tr|'''Cam'''ın önündeki masaların hemen yanında oturmuş.|Li ba maseyên li ber camê rûniştiye.}}
# [[Şûşe]], [[qedeh]].
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|vi}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|vi}}
# {{mijar|vi|riwek}} {{g|ku|pirteqal}}
#* {{bêmînak|vi}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|vi|pirteqal}}

== {{ziman|cy}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|cy|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|gav}}, {{g|ku|pêngav}}, {{g|ku|qedem}}
#* {{bêmînak|cy}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|cy|gav}}

== {{ziman|za}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|za}}
# {{g|ku|pirsîn}}, {{g|ku|pirs kirin}}
#* {{bêmînak|za}}</text>
      <sha1>n73xudhpgyffogtmqw1h3qygzjmkfov</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kerî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13917</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291015</id>
      <parentid>6262585</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291015</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5037" sha1="p9vdo79djg9iitptjc7mwdfx8k36f9z" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|kêrî|keri}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-kerî.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
[[Wêne:Barèges1a.JPG|thumb|250px|Keriyekî [[pez]]î.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}, {{bilêv|k|nerm}}, {{bilêv|r|nerm}}
# [[kom|Kom]], [[grûp]], [[bir]], [[celeb]], [[ref]], [[revde]], [[ajal]], [[col]], [[celeb]], [[colek]], [[garan]], [[naxir]] &lt;br&gt;[[çendîn]] kes yan tişt bi hev re, [[gelek]] kes yan tişt li gel hev.(bi Behdînî bes bu pezî dihête bikaranîn)
#: {{nm|ku|'''Keriyek''' pezî yê nêzî 100 mih û berx û beranan.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ez kû ji mala te çûm û '''kerîkî''' dilê xwe li ba te hîşt, min çi zehmet û feqîrî kişand (...)|''[[w:Dê û Dêmarî|Dê û Dêmarî]]'', [[w:Egîdê Xudo|Egîdê Xudo]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ma te nebihîst ku wê roja han du kesan xwestibûn '''keriyek''' pez derbasî binxêtê bikin, lê eskeran li wan teqandibûn (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# [[koz|Koz]], [[hoz]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|که‌ری}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|ker&lt;pos:4&gt;
|keri
}}

==== Nêzîkî ====
{{kol3|ku
|bir
|boş
|celeb
|[[col]], [[colek]]
|ebûr
|garan
|garan
|gele
|gêşkûn
|kewte
|naxir
|qefle
|qermelax
|qewte
|ref
|revde
|revo
|rewî
|şêrgele
|tewere
|zurbe
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|serî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kerî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kerîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kerîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha [[ker]] (4), hevreha farisiya kevn ''kare-'' (koma mirovan/leşkeran -&gt; [[leşker]]), latviyayî [[karaspēks|kara(spēks)]] (leşker), lîtwanî [[kariuomenė|kar(iuomenė)]], prûsiya kevn [[kargis]], gotî [[𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃]] (harjis), almanî [[Heer]], danmarkî û norwecî [[hær]], swêdî [[här]], inglîziya kevn [[here]], îrlendiya kevn [[cuire]], yûnaniya kevn [[κοίρανος]] (koîranos: [[serleşker]])... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} * [[kor-os]], * [[kory-os]]. Ji eynî rehî belkî herwiha peyva [[leşker|(leş)ker]] û [[esker|(es)ker]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|tufë}} {{m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Herde}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Riegel}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Schafherde}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Täterschaft}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Viehherde}}, {{W|de|Schnittchen|guman=erê}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W|ast|rebañu}} {{n}}, {{W|ast|atayu}} {{n}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|artalde}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W|bn|পশুপালক|tr=paśupālaka}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|стадо|tr=stado}} {{n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|stádo}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|群|tr=qún}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|flok|c}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|قطيع}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|հոտ|tr=hot}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|گله|tr=gellê}}, {{W|fa|تکه|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|کری|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|katras}}, {{W|fi|lauma}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W|fro|fulc}} {{n}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|troupeau}} {{n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W|gl|rabaño}} {{n}}, {{W|gl|rabañada}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W|ka|ნახირი|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|kudde}} {{n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|עדר|tr=eder}} {{n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|herd}}, {{W|en|flock}}, {{W|en|drove|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|group|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|smithereens|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|smithers|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|splinter|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|branco}} {{n}}, {{W|it|gregge}} {{n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|hjörð}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|群れ|tr=mure}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|ramat}} {{n}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W|swb|ɓangwe|tr=bangwe}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|armento}} {{n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|banda}} {{m}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W|mt|merħla}} {{m}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W|mi|kāhui}}, {{W|mi|rāngai}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|nyáj}}, {{W|hu|falka}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|stado}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|rebanho}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|eo|ŝafaro}} (flock of sheep), {{W|ro|turmă}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|tr=stádo|стадо}} {{nt}}, {{W|ru|отара|tr=otára|sc=Cyrl|f}} ''(of sheep)''
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W|sh|стадо|n|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W|la|stado}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|stádo}} {{n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|čréda}} {{m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|hato}} {{n}}, {{W|es|manada}} {{m}}, {{W|es|rebaño}} {{n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|ng'ombe}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|flock|c}}, {{W|sv|hjord|c}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|ganado|sc=Hani}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W|th|ฝูง|tr=fŏong}}, {{W|th|หมู่|tr=mòo}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bölüntü}}, {{W|tr|dilim}}, {{W|tr|sağırlık}}, {{W|tr|sürü}}, {{W|tr|davar}}, {{W|tr|küçük baş hayvan sürüsü|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W|vi|chăn trâu}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|κοπάδι|tr=kopádi}} {{nt}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{bilêv|k|nerm}}, {{bilêv|r|req}}
# {{guharto|ku|kerîtî|w=rewşa [[ker]]bûnê}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{guharto|ku|kerîtî|w=wekî [[ker]]an}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|كه‌ڕی}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|ker|-î}}.

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{guherto|ku|[[ker#Kurmancî-parçe|ker]]|w=qet, parçe}}</text>
      <sha1>p9vdo79djg9iitptjc7mwdfx8k36f9z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gemar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13928</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291016</id>
      <parentid>6281423</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291016</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2206" sha1="s4r866x77a4qe9wi9pcad5ep7jq46mc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gemar|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pîs]], [[qirêj]], [[genî]], [[bêhn]]a [[genî]] û [[mirar]] û pîs
#: {{nm|ku|'''Gemarê''' neavêjin/nerjinê.}}
# [[toz]], [[dûman]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[gend]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گه‌مار}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|genar}}, {{g|ku|gemarûşkî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gemar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gemar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gemar girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gemarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gemarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gemargirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gemardan
|gemarbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gemarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gemarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: qirş (n), qirşik (n), dasik (n), zelik (n), çop (n), qirşûqale (m), qirş-qale (m), çop-çelax (n), gendûgemare (m)

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|dreckig}}, {{W|de|Dreck|m}}, {{W|de|schmutzig}}, {{W|de|Schmutz|m}}, {{W|de|Unrat|m}}, {{W|de|beschmutzt}}, {{W|de|schmachvoll|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Schmutzfleck|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|بقعة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الدباغة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آلایش}}, {{W+|fa|چرک}}, {{W+|fa|قبیح}}, {{W+|fa|کثافت}}, {{W+|fa|نجاست}}, {{W+|fa|ملوث}}, {{W+|fa|آلودگی}}, {{W+|fa|کثافت}}, {{W+|fa|کثیف}}, {{W|fa|پلید|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|dingy}}, {{W+|en|dirt}}, {{W+|en|filth}}, {{W+|en|impure}}, {{W+|en|smutty}}, {{W+|en|sordid}}, {{W+|en|squalid}}, {{W+|en|unclean}}, {{W+|en|dirtiness}}, {{W+|en|soiled}}, {{W+|en|unwashed}}, {{W+|en|dinginess}}, {{W+|en|rubbish}}, {{W|en|blot|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|dirty|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|filthiness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|macula|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|maculation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|oirt|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|slovenliness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|squalidity|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|squalidness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|squalor|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|stain|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|reeked}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|pasak}}, {{W+|tr|şaibe}}, {{W+|tr|kirli}}, {{W+|tr|kir}}, {{W|tr|kirlilik|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|pislik|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>s4r866x77a4qe9wi9pcad5ep7jq46mc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14075</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291017</id>
      <parentid>6098154</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291017</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2830" sha1="3ry2eg0t167x0oekm6g1dh1lsuvpsjv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|qat|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[nihom|Nihom]], [[tebeq]], [[mal]]ên li [[ser]] [[hev]].
#: {{nm|ku|Avahiyê me '''7-qatî''' ye lê ez li qatê 3yem dijîm.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Bebêjit secde bin Latê&lt;/br&gt;Murîdên wî dibin '''qatê'''&lt;/br&gt;Murîd er bêbeser nebwed}}
# Tiştên [[mîna]] [[hev]] yên li [[ser]] [[hev]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[taxim|Taxim]], [[bedle]]; [[pantolon]] û [[çakêt]]ê li gel [[krawat]]ê tên [[lixwekirin]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[car|Car]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|taq}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|qab
|qaç
|qad
|qaf
|qaj
|qal
|qam
|qap
|qar
|qas
|qaz
|qed
|qet
|qût
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qat bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qat kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qatbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qatkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qatbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qatkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qatî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|tr|ku|kat}}, [[hevreh]]a [[katmak]] (qat kirin, danîn ser hev), [[karmak]] ([[nijinandin]], [[danîn]] ser [[hev]]), [[karışmak]] ([[têkil]] kirin, [[tevlihev]] kirin)

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|malên li ser hev}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|verdieping}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|kat}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Etage}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Geschoss}} {{nt}}, {{W+|de|Schicht}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Stockwerk}} {{nt}}, {{W+|de|Geschoß}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Rüsche}} {{m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|patro}} {{n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|etage}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|طابق}}, {{W+|ar|دور}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|etaĝo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|طبقه}}, {{W+|fa|لایه}}, {{W+|fa|عرشه}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|hædd}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kerros}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|ferdjipping}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|ferdjipping}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|etage}}, {{W+|nl|verdieping}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|etajo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|storey}}, {{W+|en|floor}}, {{W+|en|layer}}, {{W+|en|deck|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ply|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sports jacket|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|piano}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|階}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|pis}}
* [[kirîlî]]: [[спрат]] {{m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|sprat}} {{n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szint}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|etasje}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|piso}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|piętro}}, {{W+|pl|kondygnacja}} {{m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|andar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|etaj}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[этаж]] (etaj)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|sprat}} {{n}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|kat}}
* {{Z|sh}}:* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|piso}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|våning}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kat}}, {{W+|tr|tabak}}, {{W+|tr|bürüm}}, {{W+|tr|tabaka}}, {{W+|tr|katman}}, {{W+|tr|katmer}}, {{W+|tr|kırma}}, {{W+|tr|kostüm}}, {{W+|tr|misil|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|frak|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|όροφος}}, {{W+|el|πάτωμα}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3ry2eg0t167x0oekm6g1dh1lsuvpsjv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>havil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14142</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291018</id>
      <parentid>6282141</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291018</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2049" sha1="3sdrthajijpqhqi9neqgdbj3907pw5h" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|havil|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[filitîn|Filitîn]]a ji [[pirsgirêk]]ekê; [[bersiv]] [[dij]]î [[arîşe]]yekê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|çare|çareserî|hel}} 
#: {{nm|ku|Me hemû pirsgirêk '''havil''' kirin.}}
# [[mifa]], [[sûd]], [[kelk]], [[feyde]], [[qezenc]], [[kar]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|havl}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|havî
|hewl
|xafil
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|havil bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|havil kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|havilbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|havilkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|havilbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|havilkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêhavil
|bêhavilî
|bêhavilîtî
|bêhaviltî
|bihavil
|bihavilî
|bihavilîtî
|bihaviltî
|havildar
|havilî
|havilker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Lösung|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|方法}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حل}}, {{W+|ar|محلول}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|lahendus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حل}}, {{W+|fa|محلول}}, {{W+|fa|شولش}}, {{W+|fa|چاره‌سازی}}, {{W+|fa|راه چاره}}, {{W|fa|تاثیر|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|مصلحت|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ratkaisu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|solution|f}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|solution}}, {{W+|en|acquirement}}, {{W+|en|usefulness}}, {{W+|en|utility}}, {{W+|en|serviceable}}, {{W+|en|wholesome}}, {{W+|en|instrumentality|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|lucre|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|helpful|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|payment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|payoff|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|stead|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|rješenje|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: [[решење#Serbian|решење]] {{n}}
*: Latînî: {{W|la|rešenje#Serbian|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|riešenie|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|rešitev|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|lösning-en}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çözüm}}, {{W+|tr|çare}}, {{W+|tr|çıkar}}, {{W+|tr|fayda}}, {{W+|tr|hasiyet}}, {{W+|tr|kâr}}, {{W+|tr|kazanç}}, {{W+|tr|yarar}}, {{W+|tr|istifade}}, {{W+|tr|leh}}, {{W+|tr|menafi}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3sdrthajijpqhqi9neqgdbj3907pw5h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ehd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14187</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291019</id>
      <parentid>6243123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291019</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="987" sha1="6w2iz3hisof5enmvfknvo0pemve1z1a" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ehd|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[soz]], [[sond]]
#: {{nm|ku|Min '''ehd''' kiriye ku ez ê tu carî bi tirkî nenivîsîm.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Durdaneya ez muşterî&lt;/br&gt;Kan' ''''ehd''' û peymana berî&lt;/br&gt;Bêfayde çûn şubhê heba}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ad}}
* {{g|ku|ahd}}
* {{g|ku|ahid}}
* {{g|ku|ehid}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|eqd}}
* {{g|ku|peyman}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ehd dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ehddan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ehddayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ehdder
|ehdderî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|عَهْد}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Versprechen}} {{n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|عهده}}, {{W|fa|گواهی}}, {{W|fa|شهادت}}, {{W|fa|پیمان}}, {{W|fa|سوگند}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|promise}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ahit}}, {{W|tr|ant}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6w2iz3hisof5enmvfknvo0pemve1z1a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nêçîr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14561</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291020</id>
      <parentid>6097754</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291020</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6324" sha1="7tzsy6s2d9s1e932ayc6btkrrp2uo7b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nêçîr|mê}}
[[Wêne:Joachim von Sandrart - November.jpg|thumb|Nêçîr]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kuştin|Kuştin]]a yan [[girtin]]a [[heywan]]ên [[kovî]] bi taybetî bo xwarina goştê wan yan [[bi kar anîn|bikaranîna]] [[pûrt]] û [[post]]ê wan.
#: {{hevmane|ku|rav|seyd|raw|kare|şikar}}
#: {{nm|ku|Çûn '''nêçîrê.|'''Nêçîr''' kirin.|rêz=1}}
# [[heywan|Heywanên]] [[kovî]] yên ku tên [[girtin]] yan [[kuştin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Xezalek bû '''nêçîra''' segvanan.}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[gerîn|Gerîna]] li tiştekê/î û [[zeft]]kirina yan [[peyda]]kirina wî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ferhengvan '''nêçîra''' bêje û biwêjan dikin.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Gelo nayêne bîrê em&lt;/br&gt;Di vê '''nêçîr''' û ravê da&lt;/br&gt;Dizanim şehsiwarê min}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نێچیر}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nêçîr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nêçîrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nêçîrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|Nêçîr
|nêçîrvan
|Nêçîrvan
|nêçîrvanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|نێچیر|tr=nêçîr}}, [[kurdiya başûrî]] [[nyeçîr]], hewramî [[neçîr]], {{hv|fa|نخچیر|tr=nexçîr}}, {{hv|pal||nexçîr|sc=Latn}}, ji {{ji|ira}}. [[նախճիր]] (naxçir) ya ermenî ji zimanekê îranî hatiye wergirtin.

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|sernav=Ferhengoka nêçîrê
|babîk&lt;w:[[xwarin]]a ku [[nêçîrvan]] li malê amade dikin û ji xwe re dibin nêçîrê&gt;
|[[berdeqanî]], [[berqenîk]]
|bûse
|celik
|çifte
|dargap
|damik&lt;w:[[dav]], [[davik]]&gt;
|[[dav]], [[davik]]
|dek
|demance
|faqe
|feq
|fîşek
|gulle
|heşare
|hêlîn
|kare
|karxezal
|[[kemîn]], [[kemîne]]
|kevan
|kevirkanî
|kew
|kozik&lt;w:[[cih]]ê ku nêçîrvan xwe tê da [[veşartin|vedişêre]] û li benda nêçîrê disekine.&gt;
|labik
|meteris&lt;w:[[kozik]]&gt;
|neçarge
|nêçîr
|nêçîrvan
|nêçîrvanî
|[[qews]], [[qewsik]]&lt;w:[[qosk]]&gt;
|pezkovî
|rext
|se
|[[sîla]]&lt;w:[[rext]]&gt;
|sûsk
|[[sîte]]&lt;w:[[sûte]]&gt;
|sûte&lt;w:[[dav]]ên ku li ber [[kew]]an tên [[vedan]]&gt;
|şepilte
|şewk
|şok
|tajî
|tapik
|tele
|telhe
|telik
|[[tepk]], [[tepik]]
|[[tifek]], [[tifeng]]
|tîr
|tolaz
|torr
|tûle
|[[vedan]], [[venan]]
|xedare
|[[xefik]], [[xefk]]
|xepik
|xezal
|zawda&lt;w:[[babîk]], [[zad]]ê [[nêçîrvan]]an&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gjueti|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Jagd|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|чан}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ov}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|ehiza}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ау}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|палява́нне|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|mangayam}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|лов|n|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|lov|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|打獵|tr=daa2 lip6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|狩獵|tr=shòuliè}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|jagt|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|صَيْد}}, {{W-|ar|مُطارَدَة}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|صيّادة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|որս}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|оцина}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|jaht}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|adedada}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شکار|tr=šekâr}}, {{W+|fa|صید|tr=seyd}}, {{W+|fa|نخچیر|tr=naxčir}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|metsästys}}, {{W+|fi|jahti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|chasse|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sealg|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|caza|m}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|शिकार|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|jacht|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מצוד|n|tr=matsód|sc=Hebr}}, {{W+|he|ציד|n|tr=tsáyid|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|huntoþ|n}}, {{W-|ang|huntung|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hunt}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|jahti}}, {{W-|izh|ohotta}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|chassa}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|caccia|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|veiði|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|狩り|tr=kari}}, {{W+|ja|狩猟|tr=shuryō}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಬೇಟೆ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|caça|m}}, {{W+|ca|cacera|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|аң}}, {{W-|ky|аң уулоо}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|사냥}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|ав}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|venatio|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|medības|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|medžioklė|m}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Juegd|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|лов|n|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|വേട്ട}}, {{W+|ml|നായാട്ട്}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠠᠪᠠ}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|vadászat}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|ан}}, {{W-|mn|ан гөрөө}}, {{W+|mn|агнуур}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠠᠩ}}, {{W-|mn|ᠠᠩ ᠭᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡ}}, {{W-|mn|ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|jakt|n|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଶିକାର}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|цуан}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئوۋ}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|ov}}, {{W-|uz|ovlash}}, {{W-|uz|ov qilish}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|صيد|n|tr=sayd}}, {{W+|ps|ښکار|n|tr=ẍkâr}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Jacht|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|polowanie|nt}}, {{W+|pl|myślistwo|nt}}, {{W+|pl|łów|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|caça}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|аң аулау}}, {{W-|kk|аңшылық}}, {{W-|kk|аулау}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|vânătoare}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|охо́та|m}}, {{W+|ru|ло́вля|m}}, {{W+|ru|лов|n}}
* {{Z|sc}}:
*: Kampîdanî: {{W-|sc|càssa}}
*: Logudorî: {{W-|sc|zera}}, {{W-|sc|catza}}
* {{Z|sdc}}: {{W-|sdc|catza}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|лов|n|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|lov|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|lov|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|lov|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|ugaadhsi}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|caza|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|jakt|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|шикор}}, {{W-|tg|сайд}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|வேட்டை}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|వేట|sc=Telu}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ау}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰉|ts=ab}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|av}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aw}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|werke}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|شکار|n|sc=ur-Arab|tr=šikār}}, {{W-|ur|صید|m|tr=said|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|полюва́ння|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|săn bắn|cuda=sự săn bắn}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|yagön}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|tchesse|m}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|шикор}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|булт}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κυνήγι|nt}}, {{W+|el|θήρα}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κυνηγίς|m}}, {{W-|grc|ἄγρα|m}}, {{W-|grc|θήρα|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|hunt|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75872986}}</text>
      <sha1>7tzsy6s2d9s1e932ayc6btkrrp2uo7b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hez</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14725</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291021</id>
      <parentid>6282537</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:08:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291021</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3222" sha1="fr63mgkn4x5rul41zv9qgf1dpefbbcb" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|hêz}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{beş|Navdêr 1}} {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-hez.wav|Deng|Qers}}
* {{beş|Navdêr 2}} {{mj|erdherrik}} {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-hez(erdherrik).wav|Deng|Qers}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[evîn]], [[hebandin]], [[evandin]], [[vîn]], [[viyan]], [[bi dilî bûn]], [[bijandin]], [[xwestin]], [[dil]] kirin, [[eşq]], [[işq]], [[hub]], [[mehbet]] &lt;br&gt; [[hest]] [[hebûn]] [[ji bo]] kirina karekî [[mîna]] [[evînî]] û [[hin]] tiştên [[din]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lêkera &quot;'''hez kirin'''&quot;ê di her ziman û çandê de heye û lêkereke bi qasî dîroka mirovahiyê kevn e. Her netewe, her çand li gorî xwe '''hez dike'''. Di gelek zimanan de &quot;'''hez kirin'''&quot; di forma &quot;accusative&quot;yê de ye lê belê di kurmancî û zazakî de di forma &quot;ablative&quot;ê de ye.|[[w:Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok|Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok]]'', [[w:Mehmet Bozkoyun|Mehmet Bozkoyun]], Bingöl Üniversitesi Yaşayan Diller Enstitüsü Dergisi}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Bê lebê le'lê Mela min ji meya al-i çi '''hez'''&lt;/br&gt;Bê lebê le'lê Mela min ji meya al-i çi '''hez'''}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حه‌ز}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|hiz
|ḧez
|ḧiz
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|ez
|hes
|his
|hîs
|hîz
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hez kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hezkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hezkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|-hez
|hezandin
|hezandî
|-hezî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====

[ From Proto-Indo-European root *\*h₂eys- meaning &quot;to desire, seek&quot; (which gives us Latin aestus &quot;heat, passion,&quot; and maybe even English &quot;estrus&quot;).]

Yan

1. Bi soranî hez حەز, hevreha Avestayî āz, Farsî آز (az).

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Begehr|m}}, {{W|de|Genuss|m}}, {{W|de|Lust|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإربــة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الرغبة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الصغو|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المشیة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المشیئة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|النفــس|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الهم|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|طموح|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مریر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|کام|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pleasure}}, {{W+|en|will}}, {{W+|en|have}}, {{W+|en|ambition|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|bent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|desire|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|eagerness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fancy|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|freak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|heartiness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|inclination|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|intimacy|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|itch|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|keenness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|penchant|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|arzu}}, {{W+|tr|güç}}, {{W+|tr|haz}}, {{W+|tr|heves}}, {{W+|tr|sevgi}}, {{W+|tr|sevim}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[ax|Ax]]a [[baran]] lê hatî û berê xwe dayî xwarê.
#: {{nm|ku|Rêya me ya dîsa jî '''hezayî'''.}}
# [[erdherrik]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|erdrutsch|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|landslide}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|heyelan}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>fr63mgkn4x5rul41zv9qgf1dpefbbcb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15023</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291022</id>
      <parentid>6285424</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291022</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3307" sha1="tdgefrsadb5gct2vugssdli8er2fpvz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[mil]] yan [[pişt]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin= Ku lawekî ciwan bi qed û bala, '''pal''' û bal lîbasêd milûkane wergirtî.|nivîskar={{w|Mela Mûsayê Hekarî}}|sernav=Durrû’l Mecalîs|amadekar=Hêmin Omer|sala weşandinê=2022|sal=1857|rûpel=194}}
# [[dehf]], [[han]], [[teşwîq]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|pel}}
* {{g|ku|pêl}}
* {{g|ku|pîl}}
* {{g|ku|pol}}
* {{g|ku|pûl}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|al
|bal
|çal
|dal
|fal
|hal
|kal
|lal
|mal
|nal
|sal
|şal
|tal
|zal
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pal dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|paldan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|paldayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêpal
|bêpalî
|bêpalîtî
|bêpaltî
|bipal
|bipalî
|bipalîtî
|bipaltî
|paldar
|paldarî
|paldarîtî
|paldartî
|palder
|palderî
|palderîtî
|paldertî
|paldêr
|paldêrî
|paldêrîtî
|paldêrtî
|palpişt
|palpiştî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{paşvesazî|ku|palandin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Flanke|f}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|back}}, {{W-|en|the part of one's body which one lays down to rest}}, {{W+|en|lie|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|acclivity|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|mountain foot|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bayır}}, {{W+|tr|dal}}, {{W+|tr|rampa}}, {{W+|tr|sarp}}, {{W+|tr|yalman}}, {{W+|tr|yamaç}}, {{W+|tr|yokuş}}, {{W+|tr|çıkış|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|çek}} Çekek e.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pala''' Misrê}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''perend'''ê Qibtê.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|weapon}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[tan]], [[dar]]ên yan [[têl]]ên li [[derdor]]î [[hewş]]ekê yan [[zevî|zeviyek]]ê [[ava]]kirî bo [[parastin]]a wê yan daku [[sewal]] jê ne[[revîn|revin]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پال}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|pena}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|siege works}}, {{W+|en|fence}}, {{W-|en|outer walls}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|chl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|chl|pál}}
# {{mijar|chl|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}
#* {{bênimûne|chl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|chl|av/Werger}}

== {{ziman|cup}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|cup}}
# {{mijar|cup|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}
#* {{bênimûne|cup}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|cup|av/Werger}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pal.wav|Deng|dever=Başûrê Îngilistanê, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-pal.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-pal.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[dost]], [[heval]], [[hevrê]], [[hawrê]] &lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bênimûne|en}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|pac}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pac}}
# {{g|ku|xîz}}, {{g|ku|qûm}}
#* {{bênimûne|pac}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pac|xîz}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# celebekî kevokan e
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}

== {{ziman|vo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|vo}}
# {{f|vo|malbat}} [[dêbav#ku|dêbav]], [[deybab#ku|deybab]]
#* {{bênimûne|vo}}</text>
      <sha1>tdgefrsadb5gct2vugssdli8er2fpvz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pîvan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15053</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291023</id>
      <parentid>6262253</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291023</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11854" sha1="5nfsoeugkv0ht3do3q1fuf1t8trvawc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-pîvan.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Measuring Tape Inch+CM.jpg|thumb|250px|Amûrek bo pîvana dirêjahiya tiştan.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}, {{p-ya nerm}}
# [[dirêjî|Dirêjiya]] tiştekê/î [[hesibandin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Kabira kefte kolanan, hindek deh cara '''pîvan''' û hêj qîma wî nehat û her car tê ra dibûrî, heçwekî ev kolane nedîtîn.|''[[w:Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr|Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr]]'', amedekar: [[w:XeIî1 Duhokî|Xelîl Duhokî]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
# [[kêşan|Kêşan]], [[giranî|giraniya]] tiştekê/î [[hesibandin]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[hêjahî|Hêjahiya]] tiştekê/î [[hesibandin]].
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Îcare ew kurik dibêjitê Dijwarê ku, birader boye çi sîl dibî, îşevê tu li van herdukan '''bipê'''. Îcare ew çi mirofê tu dizanê|nivîskar=Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî|sernav=Cami’eya Riseleyan û Hikayetan Bi Zimanê Kurmancî|cîh=Stembol|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Lîs|Lîs}}|sal=2010|çap=1|rûpel=118|isbn=978-605-5683-27-6}}
# [[dan ber hev|Dan ber hev]], [[berhev dan]], [[miqayese kirin]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پیڤان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|pêvan
|pîvandin
|pîvhan
|pîvhîn
|pîvihan
|pîvihîn
|pîvîn
|pîviyan
|pîvîyan
|pîvyan
}}

==== Tewîn ====
''Lêker'':
* -pîv-

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|pîvaz}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevrehên {{hv|ckb|پێوان|tr=[[pêwan]]}} û {{g|ckb|پیوان}}, zazakî [[peymene]], hewramî [[pîmay]], farisî {{g|fa|پیمودن}}, pehlewî ''peymûden'', avestayî ''peytima-'' û ''vî-med'' ([[bijîşk]]), hemû ji îraniya kevn *peti- + *ma- Ji {{ji|ira-pro||-}} *peti- + *ma-, ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[med-]], jê herwiha yûnaniya kevn [[μέδω]] (mêtho: parastin), latînî [[meditor]] ([[ramîn]], [[fikirîn]]), ermeniya kevn [[միտ]] ([[hiş]], [[aqil]]), gotî [[𐌼𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽]] (mitan: pîvan), almanî [[messen]] (pîvan), îngilîzî [[mete]] (pîvan). Peyva [[peyman]] jî ji eynî rehî ye.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pîvan girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pîvan dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pîvangirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pîvandan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pîvank
|pîvayî
|pîver
|pîverî
|pîvik
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|lêker}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|sukat}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|messen}}
* {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arc|משח}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|misur}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|জোখা}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|midir}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ölçmək}}
* {{Z|ban}}: {{W-|ban|ukur}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ме́раць|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|be|паме́раць|impf|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|меря}}, {{W+|bg|измервам}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|дуста}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|měřit|impf}}, {{W+|cs|změřit|pf}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏟᎶᎠ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|測量|tr=caak1 loeng4}}, {{W-|yue|量度|tr=loeng4 dok6}}, {{W-|yue|量|tr=loeng4}}, {{W-|yue|度|tr=dok6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|測量|tr=cèliáng}}, {{W+|cmn|量|tr=liáng}}, {{W+|cmn|測|tr=cè}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|ukur}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قَاسَ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|قاس|tr=ʔās}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|قاس|tr=gās}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|قيس|tr=qiyyas}}, {{W-|ary|عبر|tr=ʕbar}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|չափել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|mezuri}}, {{W-|eo|nombri}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|makɛ}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mitata}}, {{W+|fi|määrittää}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mesurer}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|misurâ}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|tomhais}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|medir}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌼𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაზომვა}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|meten}}
* {{Z|iba}}: {{W-|iba|ukur}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מדד|tr=madád}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|metan}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|measure}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|диста}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|tomhais}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|misurare}}, {{W+|it|norma}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|mæla}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|計る|tr=はかる, hakaru|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|測る|tr=はかる, hakaru|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|量る|tr=はかる, hakaru|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|ukur}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|mesurar}}, {{W+|ca|amidar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|tupuy}}
* {{Z|ktu}}: {{W-|ktu|pima}}, {{W-|ktu|teza}}
* {{Z|kg}}: {{W-|kg|kupima}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|재다}}, {{W-|ko|치수를 재다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|mētior}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|mērīt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ວັດ}}, {{W-|lo|ແທກ}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|pima}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|мери|impf}}, {{W-|mk|измери|pf}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|അളക്കുക}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|ukur}}, {{W+|ms|sukat}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|ine}}, {{W-|mi|tātai}}, {{W-|mi|mēhua}}, {{W-|mi|whātau}}, {{W-|mi|rūri}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mér}}, {{W-|hu|mértéket vesz}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|meten}}
* {{Z|nij}}: {{W-|nij|ukur}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|m'suther}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|måle}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|måle}}, {{W-|nn|mæle}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|mesurar}}, {{W+|oc|pagelar}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mierzyć|impf}} {{W+|pl|zmierzyć|pf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|medir}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|mesirar}}, {{W-|rm|masirar}}, {{W-|rm|misirar}}, {{W-|rm|masürar}}, {{W-|rm|imsürer}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|măsura}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|измеря́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|ме́рить|impf}}, {{W+|ru|изме́рить|pf}}, {{W+|ru|обмеря́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|обме́рить|pf}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|मायते}}, {{W-|sa|ऊर्दते}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|medire}}, {{W-|sc|mediri}}, {{W-|sc|metire}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|mjeriti|impf}}, {{W+|sh|izmjeriti|pf}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|měriś|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|medir}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mäta}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|วัด}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|ölşemek}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|sukat}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ölçmek}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|вимі́рювати}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đo}}, {{W+|vi|đo lường}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|muzurer}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|វាស់|tr=voah|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μετρώ|sc=Grek}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|μετρέω}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|measure|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75878454}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pîvan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hesibandin|Hesibandin]]a [[dirêjahî|dirêjahiya]] yan [[firehî|firehiya]] yan [[bilindahî|bilindahiya]] yan [[kûrahî|kûrahiya]] tiştekî:.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pîvana''' dirêjahiya rê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pîvana''' bilindahiya xanî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pîvana''' kûrahiya avê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pîvana''' rûberê zeviyê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pîvana''' kembera mirovekî.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|hesibandina miqdara tiştekî}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Messung|m}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|вымярэ́нне|nt}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|ме́рене|nt}}, {{W+|bg|изме́рване|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|měření|nt}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|չափում}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|mezurado}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mittaus}}, {{W+|fi|mittaaminen}}, {{W+|fi|määrittely}}, {{W+|fi|arviointi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mesure|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|tomhas|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაზომვა}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|meting|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מְדִידָה|m|tr=medidá}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|measurement}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|misurazione}}, {{W+|it|misura}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|測定|tr=そくてい, sokutei}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|mesurament|n}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|මැනීම}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|측정}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|мерење|nt}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|sukatan}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|inenga}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mérés}}, {{W+|hu|megmérés}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|måling}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|pomiar|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|medida|m}}, {{W+|pt|medição|m}}, {{W+|pt|mensuração|m}}, {{W+|pt|medição}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|өлшем}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|măsurare|m}}, {{W+|ro|măsurătoare}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|измере́ние|nt}}, {{W+|ru|обме́р|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|meranie|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|medida|m}}, {{W+|es|medición|m}}, {{W+|es|medidas|m-p}}, {{W+|es|mediciones|n-p}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kipimo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mätning|g}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sukat}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|ölçev}}, {{W-|crh|ölçeme}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ölçüm}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|вимі́рювання|nt}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|καταμέτρηση|m}}, {{W+|el|μέτρηση|m}}, {{W+|el|επιμέτρηση|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|μέτρησις|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|measurement|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875575}}

{{werger-ser|krîter, eyar}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|kriter|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kriterium|nt}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|criteriu|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|meyar}}, {{W-|az|mizan}}, {{W-|az|kriteri}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|крытэ́рый|n}}, {{W-|be|ме́рыва|nt}}, {{W-|be|ме́рка|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|крите́рий|n}}, {{W+|bg|мери́ло|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kritérium|nt}}, {{W-|cs|kriterium|nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|標準|tr=biāozhǔn}}, {{W+|cmn|尺度|tr=chǐdù}}, {{W+|cmn|準則|tr=zhǔnzé}}, {{W-|cmn|軌範|tr=guǐfàn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|kriterium|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kriteria}}, {{W+|id|kriterium}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مِعْيَار|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|չափանիշ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|kriterio}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|kriteerium}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|معیار|tr=me'yâr}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kriteeri}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|critère|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|slat-tomhais|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|კრიტერიუმი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|मानदंड|n}}, {{W-|hi|मापदंड|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|criterium|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|קרִיטֶרִיוֹן|n|tr=kriteryón}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|criterion}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|criterio|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|greinimark|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|基準|tr=きじゅん, kijun|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|判断基準|tr=はんだんきじゅん, handan kijun|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|criteri|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|критерий}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|표준}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|kritērijs|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|kriterijus|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|критериум|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|മാനദണ്ഡം}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|paearu}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ismérv}}, {{W+|hu|kritérium}}, {{W+|hu|szempont}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|шалгуур}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|kriterium|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئۆلچەم}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|mezon}}, {{W+|uz|meʼyor}}, {{W+|uz|kriteriy}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|معيار|n|tr=me'yār}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|kryterium|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|critério|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|өлшемшарт}}, {{W-|kk|өлшем}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|criteriu|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|крите́рий|n|tr=kritɛ́rij}}, {{W+|ru|мери́ло|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ме̏рило|nt}}, {{W-|sh|мје̏рило|nt}}, {{W-|sh|критеријум|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|mȅrilo|nt}}, {{W+|sh|mjȅrilo|nt}}, {{W+|sh|kriterijum|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|kritérium|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|merilo|nt}}, {{W+|sl|kriterij|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|criterio|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kigezo|cki|cvi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kriterium|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|меъёр}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|panuntunan}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ölçüt}}, {{W+|tr|kriter}}, {{W+|tr|kıstas}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|مِعْیار|n|tr=me'yār}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|крите́рій|n}}, {{W-|uk|міри́ло|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tiêu chuẩn}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|maen prawf|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κριτήριο|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κριτήριον|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|criterion|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75876067}}</text>
      <sha1>5nfsoeugkv0ht3do3q1fuf1t8trvawc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêjan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15223</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291024</id>
      <parentid>6290492</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291024</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2767" sha1="g755dgvhoofzfzfftoqzww5e0ayrj42" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/peːˈʒɑːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|pêjan|form=gerguhêz|niha=pêj|borî=pêja}}
[[Wêne:An Iraqi woman bakes flat bread.jpg|thumb|Jinek nanê [[tenûr]]ê '''dipêje'''.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[hevîr]] kirin [[nan]], [[nan]] [[çêkirin]], [[nan]] [[biraştin]]
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[bi cih anîn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Dibêje lê '''napêje'''.|Soza xwe bi cih naîne. / Wek ku dibêje nake|rêz=1}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پێـژان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
| patin
| pahtin
| paḧtin
| pehtin
| peḧtin
| petin
| pêjandin
| pêjîn
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|pêjin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|-pêj
|-pêjî
| pêjayî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''pek&lt;sup&gt;w&lt;/sup&gt;'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''pač'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{ae}}: '''pec'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{xpr}}: '''pic'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{pal}}: '''pux'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
[[sogdî]]: '''pc'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{ha}}: '''pc'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{fa}}: '''pez'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{bal}}: '''peč'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
[[xunserî]]: '''pez'''- (&quot;pehtin&quot;) … {{ir}},
{{kmr}}: '''pehtin, pêjan /-pêj-''' (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{zza}}: '''pewten, poten /-poǰ-''' (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{sa}}: '''[[पचति]] pac''' (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{ru}}: '''p'eč''' (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{la}}: '''coquo''' (&quot;pehtin&quot;),
{{el}}: '''peptein''' (&quot;pehtin&quot;)

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.286]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.63]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]]&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|backen}}, {{W+|de|garen}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|пека|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|péci}}, {{W+|cs|péct}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|烤}}, {{W+|zh|烘}}, {{W-|zh|焙燒}}, {{W+|zh|烘烤}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bage}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|خبز}} (xebeze), {{W-|ar|السیاج|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوشیع|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پختن}}, {{W+|fa|پزیدن}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|leipoa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cuire}} (au [[four#French|four]])
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bakken}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|bake}}, {{W+|en|anticipation}}, {{W+|en|cooking}}, {{W+|en|beat down|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|cuocere}}
*: {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|bacan}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|焼く|tr=yaku}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|süt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|piec}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|печь|tr=p'eč}}, {{W+|ru|испечь|tr=isp'éč}} {{pf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|hornear}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fırınlamak}}, {{W+|tr|pişim}}, {{W+|tr|pişiriliş}}, {{W+|tr|pişirmek}}, {{W+|tr|sezilme|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pêjan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g755dgvhoofzfzfftoqzww5e0ayrj42</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêjn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15256</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291025</id>
      <parentid>6244168</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291025</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2221" sha1="dk4eobgcyb1z5ffg3w76rdn7h90y9iu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pêjn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nîşan|Nîşan]]a [[hebûn]]a tiştekî li derdorê bi [[deng]], bi [[leq]], bi [[bêhn]]ê, bi [[sî|siy]]yê yan jî [[reşahî|reşahiyê]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|pêhesîn}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pêjna''' tiştekî ji derve dihê min.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pêjna''' tiştekî li ber diwêr kir lê nizanim çi ye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bi van tirs û fikaran re '''pêjna''' wan û hîrehîrên wan hatibû, mazûvan û mêvan gihiştibûn ber dêrî jî. |{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=65}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|pêjin}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|bejn
|pêjan
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Dibe ji {{qertaf|ku|pê|jenîn}}, lê bizehmet ji {{qertaf|ku|pê|jin}} hat be

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêpêjn
|bêpêjnahî
|bêpêjnatî
|bêpêjnayî
|bêpêjnî
|bêpêjnîtî
|bêpêjntî
|bipêjn
|bipêjnahî
|bipêjnatî
|bipêjnayî
|bipêjnî
|bipêjnîtî
|bipêjntî
|pêjndar
|pêjndarî
|pêjndarîtî
|pêjndartî
|pêjnder
|pêjnderî
|pêjnderîtî
|pêjndertî
|pêjndêr
|pêjndêrî
|pêjndêrîtî
|pêjndêrtî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Sinn|m}}, {{W+|de|Gespür|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|smysl|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الركز|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|صدا}}, {{W+|fa|نوا}}, {{W+|fa|آوا}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|aisti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sens|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zintuig|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|חוש|tr=khúsh|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sense}}, {{W+|en|perception}}, {{W+|en|foreknowledge}}, {{W+|en|intuition}}, {{W+|en|guesswork}}, {{W+|en|hunch}}, {{W+|en|guess-work|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|presentiment|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|senso|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|感覚|tr=kankaku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|sentit|m}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|érzék}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|zmysł|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sentido|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|čutilo|n}}, {{W+|sl|čut|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sentido|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sinne|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|duyu}}, {{W+|tr|duygu}}, {{W+|tr|duyum}}, {{W+|tr|his}}, {{W-|tr|gaipten gelen ses}}, {{W+|tr|sezgi|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>dk4eobgcyb1z5ffg3w76rdn7h90y9iu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>binerd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15314</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291026</id>
      <parentid>6244307</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291026</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1031" sha1="81bzmw6h1m0g3o3n2lm7000du53qbpp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|binerd}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[temartî]], [[defin]]kirî, [[bin-ax]], tişta/ê di [[bin]] [[erd]]ê ve
#: {{nm|ku|Hin tebaxên niha xwarina '''binerd''' dirist dikin.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بنئەرد}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bin-erd
|jêr-erd
}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|sererd}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|binerdî
|binerd kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|binerdkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|binerdkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bin-|erd}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Untergrund}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الجوف}}, {{W-|ar|تحتي}}, {{W-|ar|تحت الارض}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|زیرزمین}}, {{W+|fa|زیرزمینی}}, {{W+|fa|زیرخاک}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|underground}}, {{W+|en|water main}}, {{W+|en|subterranean|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|toprak altı}}, {{W+|tr|yeraltı}}, {{W+|tr|şalgam}}, {{W+|tr|toprakaltı}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>81bzmw6h1m0g3o3n2lm7000du53qbpp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kef</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15540</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291027</id>
      <parentid>6097145</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 4 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291027</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13693" sha1="ms6klzwl8tkn8431ars5b87x8v4zstx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-kef.wav|Deng|dever=Bidlîs}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kef|mê}}
[[Wêne:Sea foam.JPG|thumb|'''kefa''' avê]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{k-ya req}}
# [[av|Av]]a [[sabûn]] yan [[tayêt]] di nav de.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[av|Av]]a [[pêl]]an ya wek [[av]]a [[sabûn]]ê [[xwiyan|dixwiye]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Hem kelî ew behr û '''kef''' da û [[dûxan]], &lt;br/&gt;'''Kef''' bûye erd û [[dûxan]] bû asîman|[[w:Mela Hisênê Bateyî]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|كه‌ف}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|kêf}}
* {{g|ku|kif}}
* {{g|ku|kîf}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kef dan&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|kef bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|kefdan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|kefgirtin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|kefkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|kefbûn
|kefdayî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|kefgirtî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|bêkef
|bêkefî
|bêkefahî
|bêkefatî
|bêkefayî
|bikef
|bikefî
|bikefahî
|bikefatî
|bikefayî
|kefdar
|kefdarî
|kefdarîtî
|kefdartî
|kefder
|kefderî
|kefderîtî
|kefdertî
|kefdêr
|kefdêrî
|kefdêrîtî
|kefdêrtî
|kefî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *koph&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;o- ([[çilm]], [[kilmûş]], [[lîk]]), {{ji|ira-pro||-}} *kepe-, [[hevreh]]a avestayî ''kefe'', pehlewî ''kef'', farisî ''kef'', osetî ''xef(e)'' (kilmûş), sanskrîtî ''kefe'' ([[çilm]])

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kefa vê, sabûnê û hwd.}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|skuim}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|shkumë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schaum|n}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Schuum|n}}
*: {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|schaum}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|spumã|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|ফেন}}, {{W-|as|ফেনা}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|köpük}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|apar}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|күбек}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пе́на|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|ফেনা}}
* Berberî:
*: {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|aluffi|n}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|subo}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|пя́на|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အမြှုပ်|sc=Mymr}}, {{W-|my|အ‌မြှုပ်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|pěna|m}}
* {{Z|cdm}}: {{W-|cdm|भोप्‌}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏬᎩᏟ}}
* {{Z|chy}}: {{W-|chy|é'távo}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|泡沫|tr=pàomò}}, {{W+|cmn|沫|tr=mò}}, {{W+|cmn|泡|tr=pào}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|кӑпӑк|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|sploima|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|skum|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|busa}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رَغْوَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|زَبَد|n}}, {{W-|ar|زَبَد البَحْر|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|ريم|n|tr=rīm|sc=Arab}}, {{W-|arz|رغوة|m|tr=raḡwa}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|رَغْوَة|m|tr=raḡwa|sc=Arab}}, {{W-|acw|زَبَد|m|tr=zabad|sc=Arab}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|كشكوشة|m|tr=keškuša}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|փրփուր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|ŝaŭmo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|vaht}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کف|tr=kaf}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|skúm|nt}}
* {{Z|fj}}: {{W-|fj|vuso}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vaahto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|écume|m}}, {{W+|fr|mousse|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|sbrume|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|skom}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cobhar}}, {{W-|gd|cop}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|escuma|m}}, {{W+|gl|foula|m}}, {{W+|gl|babuxa|m}}, {{W+|gl|cachón|n}}, {{W-|gl|bogada|m}}, {{W-|gl|cuspia|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍈𐌰𐌸𐍉|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ქაფი}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|huʻa}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|झाग|n|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|कोप|n|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|फेन|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|npuas}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|schuim|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|קֶצֶף|n|tr=ketsef}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|spumo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|fām|nt}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|fom}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|foam}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|чоп}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|sobal|n}}, {{W+|ga|cúr|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|schiuma|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|froða|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|泡|tr=あわ, awa}}, {{W+|ja|泡|tr=あぶく, abuku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|escuma|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|көбүк|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|거품}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|spūma|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|putas|m-p}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຟອງ}}, {{W-|lo|ລະລອກ}}, {{W-|lo|ໂຟມ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|каф}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|puta|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|пе́на|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പത}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|busa}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ragħwa|m}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠣᠪᠣᠩᡤᡳ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᡥᠣᡶᡠᠨ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hukanga}}, {{W-|mi|pūtai}}, {{W-|mi|pūpūtai}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hab}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хөөс|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|scumma|m}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|Schuum}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|skum|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|skum|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|escuma|m}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|hoomacha}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|фынк}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|كوپوك|tr=köpük}}, {{W-|ota|كف|tr=kef}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|كۆپۈك|sc=ug-Arab}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|koʻpik}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Schum|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|piana|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|espuma|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|көбік|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|kk|көпіршік|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|spumă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|пе́на|m}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|piapia}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|फेन|n|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|sprumma|m}}, {{W-|sc|spuma}}, {{W-|sc|ispruma}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|scuma}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|пена|m}}, {{W-|sh|пјена|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|pena|m}}, {{W+|sh|pjena|m}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠚꠦꠘ}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|pena|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pena|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|espuma|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|povu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|skum|nt}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|кӧбӱк|tr=köbük}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|кафк|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|bula}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|நுரை}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|kuffu|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ฟอง}}, {{W+|th|โฟม}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|నురగ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|күбек|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|köpük}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|köpük}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|шукы}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|جھاگ|n|tr=jhāg|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|пі́на|m|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|sbiùma}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bọt}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|schome|m}}
* {{Z|wbl}}: {{W-|wbl|xuf}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ewyn|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពពុះ}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|хаф|tr=xaf}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|sia}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פּינע|m|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|yi|שוים|n|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αφρός|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἀφρός|n}}, {{W-|grc|ἄχνη|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|foam|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75627541}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kef|mê}}
[[Wêne:LeftHand 2.png|thumb|'''kefa''' destî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[çalik]]a [[dest]]î, [[pişk]]a [[dest]]î ya mirov tiştan dike tê de
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Rûyê xwe xistibû nava '''kefa''' destên xwe...|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=71}}}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|كف|tr=keff}}, hevreha maltî [[keff]], {{hv|he|כף}} (kef), {{hv|arc|ܟܦܐ}} (keppa), akadî [[𒀉]] (kappu), ugarî [[𐎋𐎔]] (k-p), hemû ji [[proto-samî]] *kapp-

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|lep, kefa destî}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|pëllëmbë|m}}, {{W-|sq|pllâmë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Handfläche|m}}, {{W+|de|Handteller|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|алакан}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|palmã|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|হাতৰ তলুৱা}}, {{W-|as|কৰতল}}, {{W-|as|তলুৱা}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|palma|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|хъат}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ovuc}}, {{W-|az|kəfə}}, {{W-|az|aya}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ус}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|дало́нь|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|করতল}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|palad}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|boz}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|длан|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဖဝါး}}, {{W+|my|လက်ဝါး}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|альган}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|dlaň|m}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|chikato}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|手板|tr=sau2 baan2}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|手掌|tr=shǒuzhǎng}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|puolma|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|håndflade|g}}
* {{Z|dtp}}: {{W-|dtp|palad}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|[[telapak]] [[tangan]]}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رَاحَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|كَف|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|بَطْن إِيد|m|tr=baṭn ʔīd}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ափ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|manplato}}, {{W+|eo|polmo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|kämmal}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|ханңга}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کف|tr=kaf}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|lógvi|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kämmen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|paume|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|palme|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|bal }}, {{W-|fy|hânpalm}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|bas|m}}, {{W-|gd|cròg|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|palma|m}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌻𐍉𐍆𐌰|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ხელისგული}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|palad}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|हथेली|m}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|xib teg}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|palm|n}}, {{W+|nl|handpalm|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|כַּף יָד|m|tr=kaf yád}}, {{W-|he|כַּף|m|tr=kaf}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|palmo}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|dakulap}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|handbred|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|palm}} (part of hand)
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|kämmen}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|bos|m}}, {{W-|ga|dearna|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|palmo|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|lófi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|手のひら|tr=てのひら, tenohira}}, {{W+|ja|掌|tr=てのひら, tenohira}}
* {{Z|ksc}}: {{W-|ksc|parad}}, {{W-|ksc|agpar}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|альхн}}
* {{Z|kaa}}: {{W-|kaa|alaqan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|palmell|n}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|maki pampan}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|алакан}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|손바닥}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|plauksts|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|palma|m}}, {{W-|la|palpus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|plauksta|m}}, {{W+|lv|delna|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຝ່າ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|delnas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|дланка|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|tapak tangan}}, {{W-|ms|telapak tangan}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡶᠠᠯᠠᠩᡤᡡ}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|तळहात}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|tenyér}}, {{W+|hu|marok}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|šzp|h=O43-p:N11|n}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|алга}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|mācpalli}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|пайнга}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|álátłʼááh}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|हत्केला}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|ая}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|paûmé|n}}, {{W-|nrf|paumet|n}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|lófi|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|håndflate|n|m}}, {{W-|nb|handflate|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|handflate|m}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|palma|m}}, {{W+|oc|pauma|m}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|армытъӕпӕн}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|كف|tr=keff}}, {{W-|ota|آیا|tr=aya}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالقان}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|kaft}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|خپړ|m|tr=xapᶕṛ}}, {{W-|ps|کف|n|tr=kaf}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|dłoń|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|palma|m}}, {{W-|pt|[[palma]] [[da]] [[mão]]|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|алақан}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ϣⲟⲡ|n}}, {{W-|cop|ϩⲓⲟⲙⲉ|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|palmă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|ладо́нь|m}}, {{W-|ru|до́лонь|m}}, {{W+|ru|длань|m}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|palma|m}}, {{W-|sc|parma}}, {{W-|sc|prama}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|palad}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|palma|m}}, {{W+|scn|pamma|m}}, {{W-|scn|pàlma|m}}, {{W+|scn|parma|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|дла̏н|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|dlȁn|n}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|длань|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|dlaň|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|dlan|m}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|dłoń|m}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|dłóń|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|palma|m}}, {{W-|es|palma de la [[mano]]|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kikofi}}, {{W+|sw|kiganja}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|handflata|g}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|алаққан|tr=alaqqan}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|каф}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|palad}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|உள்ளங்கை}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|pad}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ฝ่า}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|అరచేయి}}
* {{Z|tft}}: {{W-|tft|saha}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|уч}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ከብዲ ኢድ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aya}}, {{W+|tr|avuç içi}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýa}}
* {{Z|tpn}}: {{W-|tpn|poapytera}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎋𐎔}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|ہتھیلی|m|tr=hatheli}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|доло́ня|m}}, {{W-|uk|доло́нь|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|palma|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|gan bàn tay}}, {{W+|vi|lòng bàn tay}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|namakev}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|cledr|m}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W-|wo|ténq}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|айа}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ប្រអប់ដៃ}}, {{W-|km|បាតដៃ}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|intende}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|ытыс}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|דלאָניע|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|παλάμη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|παλάμη|m}}, {{W-|grc|θέναρ|nt}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|ukhweshe|c11|c10}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|palm|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75668092}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
[[Wêne:Surgical gloves 24.JPG|thumb|kef (destgorkên nojdarî)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[destgork]] yên ku [[nojdar]] di [[emeliyat]]an an jî [[dermankirin]]a [[birîn]]an de bikartînin
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|کەف}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|surgical glove}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 4 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Berpala çiyê, ciyê hevraz
#: {{nm|ku|'''kefa''' pişt gund.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Zeviya li '''kefê'''.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[kef]]
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}</text>
      <sha1>ms6klzwl8tkn8431ars5b87x8v4zstx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lêdan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15762</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291028</id>
      <parentid>6212337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291028</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1880" sha1="hobezovph0xh4b5v5bd1k3ngpyu9eim" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-l|lê dan}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/leːˈdɑːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|lêdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[lêxistin]], [[derbe]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Wî emrê '''lêdana''' gundiyan da leşkeran. Leşkeran bi pehînan û bi qundaxên tivingên xwe gundî ji wê rewşê derxistin xistin rewşeke din.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# pê ve [[kirin]], [[zeliqandin]], [[lê zêde kirin]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Lêdana''' rengan li wêneyan.}}
# [[deng]] ji [[alav]]ek [[muzîk]]ê anîn
#: {{nm|ku|'''Lêdana''' tembûrê.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|لێدان}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|lêketin
|lêman
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[lê]] (2) + [[dan]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|lêdan xwarin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lêdan çûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lêdanxwarin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lêdançûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
'''navdêr'''
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Klopfen}}, {{W|de|Prügel}} {{nt}}, {{W|de|Schuss}}, {{W|de|Züchtigung}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الضرب}}, {{W|ar|الضربان|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العفج|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|اللكة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|ضربت}}, {{W|fa|مالیدن}}, {{W|fa|ضرب}}, {{W|fa|زدن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|hitting}}, {{W|en|beating}}, {{W|en|bastinado}}, {{W|en|batter}}, {{W|en|coup}}, {{W|en|drub}}, {{W|en|dub}}, {{W|en|pommel}}, {{W|en|saltation}}, {{W|en|slap}}, {{W|en|slapdash}}, {{W|en|slapping}}, {{W|en|spank}}, {{W|en|spanking}}, {{W|en|whack}},{{W|en|killing}}, {{W|en|skrike}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|çalma}}, {{W|tr|darp}}, {{W|tr|dayak}}, {{W|tr|dövme}}, {{W|tr|dövmek}}, {{W|tr|ekleştirme}}, {{W|tr|işkence}}, {{W|tr|ovalama}}, {{W|tr|patak}}, {{W|tr|şart}}, {{W|tr|tokat}}, {{W|tr|vurma}}, {{W|tr|vuruş}}, {{W|tr|vurgun}}, {{W|tr|vurmak}}, {{W|tr|değnek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|vuru|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>hobezovph0xh4b5v5bd1k3ngpyu9eim</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mêjîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15778</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291029</id>
      <parentid>6243011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291029</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3747" sha1="dbjouoqy0x60nzqem956p1b69h659rf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|mêjîn|form=gerguhêz|niha=mêj|borî=mêjî}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[şîr|Şîr]] an [[şile]]yeke din bi [[dev]]ê xwe [[kişandin]] [[der]].
#: {{nm|ku|Zarokê şîr ji memikê diya xwe '''mêjî'''.}}
# Tiştek kirin di [[dev]]ê xwe de û bi [[lêv]]an û [[ziman]]î [[givaştin]] mîna ku [[şile]]yekê jê [[kişandin|bikêşe]].
#: {{nm|ku|Tila xwe '''nemêje'''!}}
# Tiştek di [[dev]]ê xwe de [[livandin]] ta ku [[helîn|bihele]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ev heb divê bên daûrandin, ne '''mêjîn'''.}}
# [[maf|Maf]]ê kesekê/î [[xwarin]], [[heq]]ê kesekê/î [[xwarin]], [[ked]]a kesekê/î [[xwarin]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol2|ku|cure=Herwiha
| {{herwiha|ku|mêhtin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjhan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjhîn}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjihan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjihîn}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjtin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêştin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêtin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjiyan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjîyan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mêjyan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mihtin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijhan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijhîn}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijihan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijihîn}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijîn}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijtin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|miştin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mitin}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijiyan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijîyan}}
| {{herwiha|ku|mijyan}}
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|mêjandin}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|alîstin}}
* {{g|ku|doşîn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî ''mijîn'', {{hv|pal||mêzîden|sc=Latn}}, farisî {{g|fa|مکیدن|tr=mekîden}}... hemû ji {{ji|ira}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|-mêj
|-mêjî
|mêjer
|mêjerî
|mêjî
|mêjîngeh
|mêjîngehî
|mêjînger
|mêjîngerî
|mêjok
|mêjmêjok
|kîrmêj
|kîrmêjî
|şîrmêj
|şîrmêjî
|xwînmêjîn
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[mijîn]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|saugen}}, {{W|de|absaugen}}, {{W|de|absorbieren}}, {{W|de|lutschen}}, {{W|de|aufsaugen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Absaugung|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|رَضِعَ}}, {{W|ar|مَصّ}}, {{W|ar|مص|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مکیدن}}, {{W|fa|مکیدن}}, {{W|fa|استعمار کردن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|مکیدن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|imeä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|sucer}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|suck}}, {{W|en|adsorb}}, {{W|en|imbibe|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|resorption|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|soak|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|absorb}}, {{W|en|drink in|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|occlude|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|drink up|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|take sth up|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|imbiba|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|lactation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|suction|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|succhiare}}, {{W|it|suggere}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|sugo}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|chupar}}, {{W|pt|sugar}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|сосать}}, {{W|ru|всасывать}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|chupar}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|emmek}}, {{W|tr|emme}}, {{W|tr|imtisas}}, {{W|tr|kol}}, {{W|tr|ezeli|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mêjîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[vexwarin]]a [[şîr]]î ji [[memik]]an an [[guhan]]an
#: {{nm|ku|'''Mêjîna''' şîrî.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{clr}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tişta/ê ji [[mêj]] ve heye yan hebû.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|berîn|kevnar|dêrîn}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|mêjî}} (2)

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|mêjînî}}
* {{g|ku|mêjînîtî}}
* {{g|ku|mêjîntî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|mêj|-în}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|قديم}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مکیدن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|ancient}}, {{W|en|old}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|emme}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>dbjouoqy0x60nzqem956p1b69h659rf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mêtin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15787</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291030</id>
      <parentid>6262956</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291030</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7823" sha1="hptd066yz0775sobn0x8tvvths5hxz7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|mêtin|form=gerguhêz|niha=mêj|borî=mêt}}
[[Wêne:Goat_kid_feeding_on_mothers_milk.jpg|thumb|250px|[[karik|Karikek]] [[şîr]]î ji [[guhan]]ên [[mak]]a xwe '''dimêje'''.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[şîr|Şîr]] an [[şile]]yeke din bi [[dev]]ê xwe [[kişandin]] [[der]] û [[vexwarin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Zarokê şîr ji memikê diya xwe '''mêt'''.}}
# Tiştek kirin di [[dev]]ê xwe de û bi [[lêv]]an û [[ziman]]î [[givaştin]] mîna ku [[şile]]yekê jê [[kişandin|bikêşe]].
#: {{nm|ku|Tila xwe '''nemêje'''!}}
# Tiştek di [[dev]]ê xwe de [[livandin]] ta ku [[helîn|bihele]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ev heb divê bên daûrandin, ne '''mêtin'''.}}
# [[kîr|Kîr]]ê kesekî kirin [[dev]]ê xwe [[wisa]] [[rep]] kirin
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[maf|Maf]]ê kesekê/î [[xwarin]], [[heq]]ê kesekê/î [[xwarin]], [[ked]]a kesekê/î [[xwarin]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol2|ku|cure=Herwiha
| {{hw|ku|mêhtin}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjan}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjhan}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjhîn}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjihan}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjihîn}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjtin}}
| {{hw|ku|mêştin}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjîn}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjîyan}}
| {{hw|ku|mêjyan}}
| {{hw|ku|mihtin}}
| {{hw|ku|mijan}}
| {{hw|ku|mijhan}}
| {{hw|ku|mijhîn}}
| {{hw|ku|mijihan}}
| {{hw|ku|mijihîn}}
| {{hw|ku|mijîn}}
| {{hw|ku|mijtin}}
| {{hw|ku|miştin}}
| {{hw|ku|mitin}}
| {{hw|ku|mijiyan}}
| {{hw|ku|mijîyan}}
| {{hw|ku|mijyan}}
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|mêjandin}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|alîstin}}
* {{g|ku|doşîn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî ''mijîn'', {{hv|pal||mêzîden|sc=Latn}}, farisî {{g|fa|مکیدن|tr=mekîden}}... hemû ji {{ji|ira}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|-mêj
|-mêjî
|mêjer
|mêjerî
|mêjî
|mêjîngeh
|mêjîngehî
|mêjînger
|mêjîngerî
|mêjok
|mêjmêjok
|kîrmêj
|kîrmêjî
|şîrmêj
|şîrmêjî
|xwînmêtin
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[mijîn]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|sipsip}}, {{W-|akl|supsup}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|thith}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|saugen}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|sug}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|əmmək}}, {{W-|az|sormaq}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|xurgatu}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|смакта́ць|impf}}, {{W-|be|ссаць|impf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|চোষা}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|смуча|impf}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|စုပ်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|хүхэхэ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|sát|impf}}, {{W-|cs|nasávat}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|吸吮|tr=xīshǔn}}, {{W+|cmn|咂|tr=zā}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ӗм}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|suge}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|isap}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مَصَّ}}, {{W-|ar|رَشَفَ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|مص|tr=maṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ծծել|sc=Armn}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|suĉi}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|imema}}, {{W-|et|lutsima}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|өк-}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|nyi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مکیدن|tr=makidan}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|imeä}}, {{W+|fi|lutkuttaa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sucer}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|supâ}}, {{W-|fur|supinâ}}, {{W-|fur|cjucjâ}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|deoghail}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|chuchar}}, {{W-|gl|zugar}}, {{W-|gl|sucar}}, {{W-|gl|suchar}}, {{W-|gl|supiar}}, {{W-|gl|churrupiar}}, {{W-|gl|eschurrumar}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|წოვა|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|चूसना}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|ntxais}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zuigen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מצץ|tr=matsáts}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|sugar}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|sūcan}}, {{W-|ang|sūgan}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|suck}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|súigh}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|succhiare}}, {{W-|it|suggere}}, {{W+|it|ciucciare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sjúga}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|吸う|tr=すう, suu}}, {{W+|ja|しゃぶる|tr=shaburu}}
* {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|hisĕp}}
* {{Z|xbr}}: {{W-|xbr|lamuji}}
* {{Z|xqa}}: {{W-|xqa|اماك|tr=emmēk}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|susac}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|xuclar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|ch'unqay}}, {{W-|qu|sogoi}}, {{W-|qu|şogoi}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|эмүү}}, {{W-|ky|соруу}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|빨다}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|dena}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W+|co|suchjà}}
* {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|сормакъ}}, {{W-|kum|эммек}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|syukt}}, {{W-|ltg|čuļpt}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|sūgō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|sūkt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ດູດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|čiul̃pti}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|цица|impf}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|hisap}}, {{W+|ms|sedut}}, {{W+|ms|hirup}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|momi}}, {{W-|mi|ngote}}, {{W-|mi|mote}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|चोखणे|tr=ċokhṇe}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szopik}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хөхөх}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|चुस्नु}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|suge}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|chucar}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|дӕйын}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|اممك|tr=emmek}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئەممەك}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|emmoq}}, {{W+|uz|soʻrmoq}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|زبېښل|tr=zbeӽᶕl}}, {{W+|ps|شپېلل|tr=šрelǝ́l}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ssać|impf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|chupar}}, {{W+|pt|sugar}}, {{W+|pt|chuchar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ему}}, {{W-|kk|сору}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W-|rap|omo}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|tschitschar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|suge}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|соса́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|вса́сывать|impf}}, {{W-|ru|смокта́ть|impf}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|धयति}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|sucari}}
* {{Z|sd}}: {{W-|sd|چوسڻ}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|си̏сати|impf}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|sȉsati|impf}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|cmúľať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|sať|impf}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|sesati|impf}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|jaqid}}, {{W-|so|nuugid}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|cycaś|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|chupar}}, {{W+|es|sorber}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|seuseup}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|suga}}
* {{Z|xsr}}: {{W-|xsr|འཇིབ|tr=jip}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|макидан|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|succhià}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|supsup}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ดูด}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|చీకు|sc=Telu}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|suvurmak}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|emmek}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|emmek}}, {{W-|tk|sormak}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|འཇིབས}}, {{W-|bo|འཇིབ}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|tsuk-}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎊𐎐𐎖}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|چوسنا|tr=cūsnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|смокта́ти|impf}}, {{W-|uk|сса́ти|impf}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|ciuciar}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bú}}, {{W+|vi|mút}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|sugno}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ជប់}}, {{W+|km|ក្រេប}}, {{W+|km|ជញ្ជក់}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|эм}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|זויגן}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|βυζαίνω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|μυζάω}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|zuge}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|ncela|cuda=-ncela}}, {{W-|zu|munca|cuda=-munca}}, {{W-|zu|munya|cuda=-munya}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|suck|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75874278}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mêtin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[vexwarin]]a [[şîr]]î ji [[memik]]an an [[guhan]]an
#: {{nm|ku|'''Mêtina''' şîrî.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Saugen|nt}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|сучене|nt}}, {{W-|bg|бозаене|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|cucání|nt}}, {{W-|cs|sání|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مَصّ|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|imeminen}}, {{W-|fi|imentä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|succion|m}}, {{W+|fr|sucement|n}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|sugo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sucking}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|sūctus|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|цицање|nt}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W-|hu|szopogás}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|соса́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పీల్చుట}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|sucking|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75472191}}</text>
      <sha1>hptd066yz0775sobn0x8tvvths5hxz7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>doşîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15790</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291031</id>
      <parentid>6290187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291031</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2725" sha1="qgfmuveb20viy91nl4ajfcwakxix33m" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:DSCN2923-milking_900x1200.jpg|thumb|200px|[1] Jinek çêlekê didoşe.]]
{{lêker|ku|c=ngh}}
# [[şîr]] ji [[guhan]]ên [[heywan]]ekê [[deranîn]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[hejandin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Bi '''doşîna''' dergûşê pitik haş nabe.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دۆشین}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|doşan
|doşandin
|doştin
|dotan
|dotin
|duhşan
|duhşîn
|duhtan
|duhtin
}}

==== Tewîn ====
: -doş-

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|alîstin
|mêjîn
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|bêrîvan}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''d&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;eug&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt;-''' ,
{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: '''*dauxş''',
{{pal}}: '''doş-''' ,
{{so}}: '''doş-''' ,
{{fa}}: '''doş-''', '''dōx-''' ,
{{gil}}: '''dûş-''' ,
{{tal}}: '''dūş-'''... ,
{{ku}}: '''dōş-''',
({{zza}}: '''[[doşnayen]]''', '''do-''',
{{sa}}: '''dogh''' (&quot;[[şîr]]&quot;),
{{el}}: '''teukhein''',
{{got}}: '''[[daug]]''',
{{en}}: '''[[doughty]]'''

Heman rehê {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} herwiha serekaniya peyvên [[dê]], [[dayik]], [[dêl]], [[dayên]] û belkî [[dew]] û [[dot]] e jî.

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.70]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.19]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]]&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;Binêre herwiha: [[dew]] &lt;/font&gt;

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bizindoş
|bizindoşî
|çêldoş
|çêldoşî
|-doş
|-doşî
|mihdoş
|mihdoşî
}}

==== Werger ====

{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|melken}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[доя]] (doya)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|malke}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإحتلاب}}, {{W|ar|التحلب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|melki}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|دوشیدن}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|mjólka}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|lypsää}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|traire}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|melken}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|milk}}, {{W|en|resorption}}, {{W|en|milking}}, {{W|en|bleaching}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|crúigh}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|mjólka}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|munyir}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|hala lechi}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|doić}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|ordenhar}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W|srn|merki}}
* {{Z|sh}}: [[мусти]] ([[musti]], [[помусти]] ([[pomusti]])
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|dojiť}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|molsti}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|ordeñar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|mjölka}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|sağmak}}, {{W|tr|sağılış}}, {{W|tr|sağılma}}, {{W|tr|sağdırmak}}, {{W|tr|sağma}}, {{W|tr|sağdırma}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|αρμέγω}}, {{W|el|αμέλγω}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|doşîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qgfmuveb20viy91nl4ajfcwakxix33m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>helîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15795</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291032</id>
      <parentid>6262409</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291032</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6202" sha1="1usxfwqst5arrv0te3uqfb9h1h6tlno" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|hêlîn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|ḧelîn}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-helîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|helîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=hel|borî=helî|borî2=heliya}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# bûn [[av]]
#: {{hevmane|ku|bihujîn|vebijîn}}
#: {{dijmane|ku|qerisîn}}
#: {{nm|ku|Berfa çiyayan hê '''neheliye'''.|nebûye av|rêz=1}}
# [[berf]] yan [[cemed]]a pê ve bûn [[av]]
#: {{hevmane|ku|bihujîn|vebijîn}}
#: {{dijmane|ku|qerisîn}}
#: {{nm|ku|Min goşt ji sarincê deranî daku '''bihele'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bahar bû, û berfa çiyayê Agirî dest bi '''helînê''' kiribû.|''[[w:Çiyayê Agirî|Çiyayê Agirî]]'', [[w:Yaşar Kemal|Yaşar Kemal]], Weşanxana [[w:Çanda Kurdî|Çanda Kurdî]]}}
# ji [[reqî|reqiyê]] [[nerm]] bûn
#: {{nm|ku|Divê agir çend germ be daku asin di nav de '''bihele'''?}}
# [[pir]] [[germ]] bûn
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji xwe li vê germa han binerin, vê germa ku dişewitîne û '''dihelîne'''.|''[[w:Dara Hinarê|Dara Hinarê]]'', [[w:Yaşar Kemal|Yaşar Kemal]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
# [[pir]] [[qehirîn]] yan [[xem]] xwarin
#: {{nm|ku|Ez bi evîna wê '''helîm'''.}}
# [[zeîf bûn]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...goştê wî '''heliyabû'''.|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=44}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حەلین}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|helan
|helhan
|helhîn
|helihan
|helihîn
|heliyan
|helîyan
|helyan
|ḧelan
|ḧelhan
|ḧelhîn
|ḧelihan
|ḧelihîn
|ḧeliyan
|ḧelîn
|ḧelîyan
|ḧelyan
|hilîn
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|helan&lt;pos:1&gt;
|hêlan
|hêlîn
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|heliyayî
|helî
|helok
|helokî
|vehelîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|حَلَّ}}. Heman rehî herwiha: [[hel]].

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|توانەوە}}
* {{Z|sdh}}: {{W-|sdh|تاوانن}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|schmelzen}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|গলা}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ərimək}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|urtu}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|топя се}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|tavit}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎦ}}
* {{Z|cic}}: {{W-|cic|bila}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|溶|tr=jung4}}, {{W-|yue|溶化|tr=jung4 faa3}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|融化|tr=rónghuà}}, {{W+|cmn|熔化|tr=rónghuà}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|smelte}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|اِنْصَهَرَ}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|ساح|tr=sāḥ}}, {{W-|acw|انصهر|tr=anṣahar}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ձուլել}}, {{W+|hy|հալել}}, {{W+|hy|թափել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|fandiĝi}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|ун-}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|ун-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گداختن|tr=godâxtan}}, {{W+|fa|پخسیدن|tr=paxsidan}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sulaa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|fondre}}, {{W+|fr|se dissoudre}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|smelten}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|leagh}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|derreter}}, {{W+|gl|fundir}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|დნობა}}, {{W-|ka|ლღობა}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|smelten}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|ניתך|tr=nitákh|sc=Hebr}}, {{W+|he|נמס|tr=namás|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|meltan}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|melten}}, {{W-|enm|relenten}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|melt}}, become liquid
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|sullaa}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|funder}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|leáigh}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|legaid}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sciogliere}}, {{W+|it|fondere}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|溶ける|tr=とける, tokeru|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|fondre|cuda=fondre's}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|unuyay}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|녹다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|laistīs}}, {{W-|ltg|laydinuot}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|liquescō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|kust}}, {{W+|lv|kausēt}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|tirpti}}, {{W-|lt|leistis}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|schmëlzen}}, {{W-|lb|zerlafen}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഉരുകുക}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|cair}}, {{W+|ms|lebur}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠸᡝᠮᠪᡳ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|lheie}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|olvad}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|pati}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|ун-}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|squaglià}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|smelte}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|тайын}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|topnieć|impf}}, {{W-|pl|stopnieć|pf}}, {{W+|pl|topić się|impf}}, {{W-|pl|stopić się|pf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|derreter}}, {{W+|pt|fundir}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|topi}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|та́ять|impf}}, {{W-|ru|раста́ять|pf}}, {{W-|ru|пла́виться|impf}}, {{W-|ru|распла́виться|pf}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|otopiti}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|derretirse}}, {{W+|es|fundirse}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|smälta}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|tunawin}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|உருகு}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ละลาย}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|కరిగించు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|erimek}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tan}}, {{W-|vi|tan chảy}}, {{W+|vi|nóng chảy}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|toddi}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|រលាយ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|λιώνω}}, {{W+|el|τήκω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|[[τήκω|τήκομαι]]}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|melt|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75746161}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|helîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[guherîn]]a ji [[berf]] yan [[cemed]]ê bo [[av]]ê:
#: {{nm|ku|'''Helîna''' berfa çiyayan.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Helîna''' cemeda sarincê.}}
# {{f|ku|nadir}} [[hel bûn]], [[çareser bûn]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schmelzen|nt}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|топене|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|tání|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sulaminen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|fusion}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|צרוף|tr=tzeirüf}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|melting}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|smelter}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|плавящийся}}, {{W+|ru|расплавленный}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|fusión|m}}, {{W+|es|fundición|m}}, {{W+|es|derretimiento|n}}, {{W-|es|licuación|m}}, {{W+|es|licuefacción|m}}, {{W+|es|colicuación|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|smältning|g}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|erime}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|τήξη|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|melting|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75456938}}</text>
      <sha1>1usxfwqst5arrv0te3uqfb9h1h6tlno</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15821</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291033</id>
      <parentid>6248906</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291033</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2732" sha1="mtdwwfg1dgtdkihtpvvj1bt8hkejxqk" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|hil-}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# li [[jor]], [[bilind]]
#* {{jêder|ku|Têmûrê Xelîl, 1937, Nezerê Mêrxas|jêgirtin=Wextê ko mêş wî gelekî aciz dikin, destê xwe '''hildibire''' li rûyê xwe dixe.}}

# [[geş]], [[gur]], [[xweş]], [[hilkirî]], [[vêxistî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Agirek '''hil''' li serê çiyayî diyar bû.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Çengalê zulfan tab-i da&lt;/br&gt;Da 'işq-i '''hil''' bit pêl-i-pêl&lt;/br&gt;Qelbê me bê cellab-i da}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|hel&lt;pos:2&gt;
|hell
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hil-}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|hal
|hel&lt;pos:1&gt;
|hêl
|hol
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hil bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hil kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hilbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hilkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hilbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hilkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hildêrandin
|hilçenîn
|hilbehîn
|hilbestin
|hilbestandin
|hildan
|hilgotin
|hilbêjtin
|hilbijartin
|hilanîn
|hilberandin
|hilberî
|hilberandî
|hilber
|hilgirtin
|hilkirin
|hildan
|hilî
|hilpekandin
|hilçinîn
|hilpesartin
|hilsipartin
|hilfirîn
|hilavêtin
|hilkelîn
|hilperîn
|hilgaftin
|hilkiştin
|hilkişîn
|hilberisandin
|hilsencandin
|hilsengandin
|hildan
|hilçandin
|hilceniqîn
|hilçepilîn
|hildêrandin
|hilbijartin
|hilbehîn
|hilawistin
|hiljenandin
|hilrûzandin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|هه‌ڵ|tr=[[heł]]}}, pehlewî ''ul'', zazakî [[er]], partî ''hirz'', avestayî ''ǝrǝδβa'', sanskrîtî [[ऊर्ध्व]] (ūrdhvá), latînî [[arduus]] (bilind), [[arbor]] ([[dar]]), îrlendî [[ard]], hîtîtî ''harduppi''... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*h₂erHdʰ-|w=[[bilind]], [[mezin]] bûn, [[gir]] bûn}}. Bi maneya cihê bilind jî hatiye bikaranîn, we [[Helgurd]], [[Hilwend]], [[Hilberz]] ko nav ên [[çiya]]yan in.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|Mane|2}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|أعلى}}, {{W+|ar|فوق}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بالا}}, {{W+|fa|حل}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|up}}, {{W+|en|upward}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|öz|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|yukarı}}, {{W-|tr|yukarı bakan}}, {{W+|tr|yukarda}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# hel an jî hilî, [[xişir]]eke [[avzêrkirî]] ye ku [[bo]] xemilandin û [[zînet]]a jinan tê bikaranîn
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Wekî ristek '''hil''' û mircan&lt;/br&gt;Vebestî gerdene Leyla.|Seydayê Tîrêj}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حلي|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الحلي}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|gilding}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yaldız}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# {{guherto|ku|hêl|w=riwekek û biharata wê|id=biharet}}</text>
      <sha1>mtdwwfg1dgtdkihtpvvj1bt8hkejxqk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rû</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15834</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291034</id>
      <parentid>6262000</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291034</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13959" sha1="7sto48n04nkajuhggxegsthopg8t9n0" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|ru|rû|rü|Ru}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
** (''[[rojhilatî]]'' û Efrînî) {{IPA|ku|/rʉː/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-rû.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rû|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Folio Makeup by Razel Pong 02.jpg|thumb|150px|'''Rûyê''' jinekê.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[çav|Çav]] û [[dev]] û [[difin]] û [[gep]] û [[enî]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Rûyê''' lêwik zer bûbû.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Awirên hîvê yên xwe ji şevê vedidizin, yên ku ji şermê '''rûyê''' xwe ji şevê vedişêrin, dikin ku şev li sîya xwe bilikume.|{{Jêgirtin/Îrfan Amîda/Şevek Şîzofren|r=5}}}}
# [[rex|Rex]]ê bi ser ve.
#: {{mk|ku|Li '''rûyê''' dinyayê.|li ser dinyayê, li ser axê, ne di bin axê ve|birêz=1}}
# Tişta/ê bi ser tiştekê ve, tişta/ê tiştek di [[bin]] ve.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Rûyê''' [[doşek]]ê.}}
# [[karakter|Karakter]], [[xwerist]], [[sirişt]], [[tebîet]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rûqayîm'''.|[[bêşerm]]|rêz=1}}
# [[binas|Binas]], [[sebeb]], [[sedem]], [[sûc]], [[xeta]].
#: {{mk|ku|Bi milyonan kes ji '''rûyê''' te dimirin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ev çend meh bû min û Nîkolay deweta xwe kiribû, lê di '''ruyê''' vî şerî de her tişt teribî.|''[[w:Dê û Dêmarî|Dê û Dêmarî]]'', [[w:Egîdê Xudo|Egîdê Xudo]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
# [[kêlek|Kêlek]], [[tenişt]], [[rex]].
#: {{nm|ku|Me berx bi '''rû''' çêm da berve jor alêş dikirin.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ev sefheya elmas-i ko neqqaşî reqem da&lt;br /&gt;Ya reb ji çi '''rû''' leb bi senaya te kuşayem&lt;br /&gt;Subhaneke len uhsiye fî şe'nike hemda}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|ڕوو}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|rî}} (2)
* {{g|ku|rwî}}
* {{g|ku|sebeh}} (سەبەح) Efrînî

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|ra
|re
|rê
|rî
|ro
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rû kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rûkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rûkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêrû
|bêrûtî
|bêrûyî
|birû
|birûtî
|birûyî
|rûber
|rûberî
|rûberîtî
|rûberkî
|rûbertî
|rû dan
|rûdan
|rûdar
|rûdarî
|rûdarîtî
|rûdartî
|rûdayî
|rûgeş
|rûken
|rûqayim
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|ڕوو|tr=rû}}, feylî / kelhurî [[rwî]] / [[rî]], zazakî [[ri]] / [[rî]], {{hv|fa|روى|tr=rûy}} û {{g|fa|رخ|tr=rox}}, {{hv|pal||roy|sc=Latn}}, {{hv|ae||reoḍe-|sc=Latn}}, hemû ji {{ji|ira}}. Belkî ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}, hevreha heman peyvê bi zimanên slavî, bo nimûne {{hv|ru|лицо}} (lîço) ji ber ku &quot;l&quot; ya {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} di îraniya kevn de bûye &quot;r&quot; (binere &quot;[[roj]]&quot; yan &quot;[[rijandin]]&quot;) çunkî &quot;l&quot; di îraniya kevn de tine bû.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: rî/rîye, rû/rûye

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|аҿы}}, {{W-|ab|ахаҿы}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|rupa}}, {{W-|ace|muka}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|напэ}}, {{W-|ady|нэгу}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|gesig}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|fytyrë}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Gsicht|nt}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gesicht|nt}}, {{W+|de|Angesicht|nt}}, {{W+|de|Antlitz|nt}}, {{W+|de|Visage|m}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ፊት|n}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|bínii’}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: {{Z|syc}}: {{W-|syc|ܦܐܬܐ|m|tr=paʾṯā}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|fatsã}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|মুখ}}, {{W-|as|মুহ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|cara|m}}, {{W+|ast|rostru|n}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|гьумер}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ナン|tr=nan}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|üz}}, {{W-|az|çöhrə}}, {{W+|az|sifət}}, {{W-|az|sima}}, {{W+|az|bəniz}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|aurpegi}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|бит}}, {{W-|ba|йөҙ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|твар|n}}, {{W-|be|аблі́чча|nt}}, {{W-|be|ліцо́|nt}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|دیم|tr=dem}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|মুখ}}
* {{Z|kap}}: {{W-|kap|мотӏо}}
* Bikol Central:
*: {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|pandok}}
*: {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|lalawgon}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|dremm|m}}, {{W+|br|eneb|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|лице́|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|မျက်နှာ}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|нюур}}
* {{Z|cdy}}: {{W-|cdy|na²}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|takano}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|йуьхь}}, {{W-|ce|юьхь}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|tvář|m}}, {{W+|cs|obličej|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᎧᏛᎢ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|nkhope}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|面|tr=min6}}, {{W-|yue|臉|tr=lim5}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|лян}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|面|tr=mien}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|臉|tr=liǎn}}, {{W+|cmn|面|tr=miàn}}, {{W+|cmn|面孔|tr=miànkǒng}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|面|tr=méng}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|臉|tr=lián}}, {{W+|nan|面|tr=bīn}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|面孔}}, {{W-|wuu|面顴}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|пит}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ansigt|nt}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|މޫނު}}
* {{Z|avd}}: {{W-|avd|دیم|tr=dim}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|muka}}, {{W+|id|wajah}}, {{W+|id|paras}}, {{W+|id|rupa}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|وَجْه|n}}, {{W+|ar|مُحَيًّا|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|وش|n|tr=wešš}}, {{W-|arz|وشوش|p|tr=wušuš, wešuš}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|ويه|n|tr=weyyih}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|وجه|n|tr=wajh}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|وچ|n|tr=wuč}}
*: {{Z|apc}}: {{W-|apc|وج|n|tr=wejj}}, {{W-|apc|وش|n|tr=wešš}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|وجه|n|tr=wajh}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|وجه|n|tr=wijh, wujh}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|երես}}, {{W+|hy|դեմք}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|чама}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|vizaĝo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|nägu}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|дэрэ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|صورت|tr=surat}}, {{W+|fa|روی|tr=ruy}}, {{W+|fa|رخ|tr=rox}}, {{W+|fa|چهره|tr=čehre}}, {{W+|fa|دیم|tr=dim}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|andlit|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kasvot}}, {{W+|fi|naama}}, {{W+|fi|pärstä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|visage|n}}, {{W+|fr|figure|m}}, {{W+|fr|face|m}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|vis|n}}, {{W-|fro|visage|n}}, {{W-|fro|viaire|n}}, {{W-|fro|face|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|face|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|gesicht|nt}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|aghaidh|m}}, {{W-|gd|aodann|n}}, {{W-|gd|gnùis|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|cara|m}}, {{W+|gl|faciana|m}}, {{W+|gl|face|m}}, {{W-|gl|rosto|n}}, {{W-|gl|carís|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌹|nt}}, {{W-|got|𐍅𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍃|n}}, {{W-|got|𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌽𐍃|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|મુખ}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სახე}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|tova}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|figi}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|maka}}, {{W-|haw|helehelena}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|चेहरा|n}}, {{W+|hi|मुखड़ा}}, {{W+|hi|मुख|n}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|ntsej muag}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gezicht|nt}}, {{W+|nl|aangezicht|nt}}, {{W+|nl|gelaat|nt}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Gesicht|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|פָּנִים|m-p|tr=paním}}, {{W+|he|פַּרְצוּף|n|tr=partsúf}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|vizajo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ansīen|m}}, {{W-|ang|andwlita|n}}, {{W-|ang|nebb|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|face}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|liitsa}}, {{W-|izh|näkö}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|юхь}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|aghaidh|m}}, {{W-|ga|éadan|n}}, {{W-|ga|gnúis|m}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|muxing}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|faccia|m}}, {{W+|it|viso|n}}, {{W+|it|volto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|andlit|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|顔|tr=[[かお]], kao}}, {{W+|ja|面|tr=[[つら]], tsura}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|rai}}, {{W+|jv|pasuryan}}, {{W+|jv|rupa}}, {{W-|jv|dhapur}}
* {{Z|jje}}: {{W-|jje|ᄂᆞᆺ}}, {{W-|jje|양지}}
* {{Z|quc}}: {{W-|quc|palaj}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|kiinaq}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|чирә}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಆನನ}}, {{W+|kn|ಮುಖ}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|rožat}}, {{W-|krl|silmät}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|skarń|m}}, {{W-|csb|twôrz|m}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|cara|m}}, {{W+|ca|faç|m}}, {{W-|ca|visatge|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|uya}}
* {{Z|khw}}: {{W-|khw|موخ|tr=mux}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|бет}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W+|si|මුහුණ}}, {{W-|si|මූණ}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|чужӧм}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|얼굴}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|enep|n}}
* {{Z|cuk}}: {{W-|cuk|wagar}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|vaigs|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|faciēs|m}}, {{W-|la|vultus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|seja|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ໜ້າ}}
* {{Z|onb}}: {{W-|onb|na³}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|veidas|n}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦐᦱᧉ}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Gesiicht|nt}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|paras}}, {{W-|mdh|sangur}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|лице|nt}}, {{W-|mk|лик|n}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|tarehy}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|മുഖം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|muka}}, {{W+|ms|wajah}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|wiċċ|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡝ}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|eddin}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kanohi}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|paras}}, {{W-|mrw|sangor}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|चेहरा|n}}, {{W-|mr|तोंड}}
* Marî:
*: {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|шӱргӧ}}, {{W-|mhr|чурий}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|ich}}
* {{Z|mzn}}: {{W-|mzn|دیم}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|arc}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|ḥr|n|h=Hr:Z1}}
* {{Z|moh}}: {{W-|moh|okónhsaʼ}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|шама}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|нүүр}}, {{W+|mn|царай}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|īxtli}}, {{W-|nci|xāyacatl}}
* {{Z|gld}}: {{W-|gld|дэрэл}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|aniiʼ}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Gesicht|nt}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|मोहडा|n}}, {{W+|ne|अनुहार}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|fache|m}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|andlit|nt}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ansikt|nt}}, {{W+|no|fjes|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|andlet|nt}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|indengwaan}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|ちらー|tr=cirā}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|fàcia|m}}, {{W+|oc|cara}}, {{W-|oc|visatge}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ମୁଖ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W+|om|fuula}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|цӕсгом}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|جبهه|tr=cebhe}}, {{W-|ota|چهره|tr=çihre}}, {{W-|ota|وجه|tr=vech}}, {{W-|ota|یوز|tr=yüz}}, {{W-|ota|رو|tr=rû}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|يۈز}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yuz}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|mukha|nt}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|مخ|n|tr=məx}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|ishkalyu|cuda=-īshkalyu}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|twarz|m}}, {{W+|pl|oblicze|nt}}, {{W+|pl|lico|nt}}, {{W+|pl|lice|nt}}
* {{Z|peq}}: {{W-|peq|huʔ:uy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|face|m}}, {{W+|pt|rosto|n}}, {{W+|pt|cara|m}}
* {{Z|prg}}: {{W-|prg|prusna}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਮੂੰਹ}}, {{W-|pa|ਚਿਹਰਾ|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|бет}}, {{W+|kk|жүз}}, {{W-|kk|шырай}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ϩⲟ|n}}, {{W-|cop|ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲟⲡⲟⲛ|n}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|fàza|m}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|fatscha|m}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|muj|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|față}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|лицо́|nt}}, {{W+|ru|лик|n}}, {{W+|ru|физионо́мия|m}}, {{W+|ru|обли́чье|nt}}
* {{Z|str}}: {{W-|str|S¸OŦES}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|muáđuh}}
*: {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|muohtu|p|cuda=muođut}}, {{W-|se|ámadadju}}
*: {{Z|sms}}: {{W-|sms|muâđ}}
*: {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|ååredæjja}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अनीक}}, {{W+|sa|मुख|nt}}, {{W+|sa|वदनम्|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|cara|m}}, {{W-|sc|care}} {{W-|sc|fache|m}}, {{W-|sc|fachi}}, {{W-|sc|face}}, {{W-|sc|fàcia|m}}, {{W-|sc|fatza}}, {{W-|sc|faci}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|nawong}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|facci|m}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|gymba|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ли́це|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|líce|nt}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠝꠥꠈ}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|лице|nt}}, {{W-|cu|ликъ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|лицо|nt}}, {{W-|orv|лице|nt}}, {{W-|orv|ликъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|tvár|m}}, {{W-|sk|obličaj|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|obraz|n}}, {{W+|sl|lice|nt}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|weji}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|woblico|nt}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|wobličo|nt}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|sefahleho}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cara|m}}, {{W+|es|faz|m}}, {{W+|es|rostro|n}}, {{W+|es|jeta|m}}, {{W+|es|haz|m}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|rarai}}, {{W-|su|benget}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|uso}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ansikte|nt}}, {{W+|sv|anlete|nt}}, {{W-|sv|fjäs|nt}}, {{W+|sv|nuna|g}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W-|sn|uso}}, {{W-|sn|kumeso}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|чӱс}}, {{W-|cjs|шырай}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|рӯй}}, {{W-|tg|рӯ}}, {{W-|tg|чеҳра}}, {{W-|tg|рӯ}}, {{W-|tg|афт}}, {{W-|tg|андом}}, {{W-|tg|башара}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|mukha}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|முகம்}}, {{W+|ta|மூஞ்சி}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|fazze|m}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|udem|n}}, {{W-|rif|aɣembub|n}}, {{W-|rif|azenɣur|n}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หน้า}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ముఖము}}, {{W+|te|మొగము}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⵓⴷⵎ|n}}, {{W-|tzm|ⴰⵖⵎⴱⵓⴱ}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|bet}}, {{W-|crh|yüz}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|бит}}, {{W+|tt|йөз}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W+|ti|ገጽ|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yüz}}, {{W+|tr|çehre}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|ýüz}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གདོང་པ}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|särwāna}}
* {{Z|tmh}}: {{W-|tmh|udǝm|n}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|арын}}
* {{Z|tpw}}: {{W-|tpw|obá}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|бам}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎔𐎐}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|چہرہ|n|tr=cehrā}}, {{W-|ur|مکھ|n|tr=mukh}}, {{W-|ur|مکھڑا|tr=mukhṛā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|обли́ччя|nt}}, {{W-|uk|лице́|nt}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|faça|m}}, {{W-|vec|fasa|m}}, {{W+|vec|facia|m}}, {{W+|vec|faẑa|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|mặt}}
* {{Z|vot}}: {{W-|vot|ńako}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|vizaedje|n}}, {{W+|wa|figueure|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|wyneb|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|មុខ}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|сирэй}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פּנים|nt|tr=ponem}}, {{W-|yi|צורה|m|tr=tsure}}, {{W-|yi|געזיכט|nt}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|ojú}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πρόσωπο|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|πρόσωπον|nt}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|naj}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|ubuso|c14}}
* {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|sàʻã}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7sto48n04nkajuhggxegsthopg8t9n0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kêlî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16117</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291035</id>
      <parentid>6283563</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291035</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2374" sha1="1tvq9v3jhzbn7yuibta5oegp7pbv3xm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kêlî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dirûn]]a yan [[pîne]]kirina [[cil]]an bi [[derzî|derziya]] [[dest]]î
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kêlîk}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|kalî
|kelî
|kêl
|kilî
|kolî
|kulî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kêlî lê dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kêlî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kêlîlêdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kêlîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kêlîlêdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kêlîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kêlîkar
|kêlîkarî
|kêlîker
|kêlîkerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Weilchen|m}}, {{W|de|Weile|f}}, {{W|de|Zeitpunkt|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|آن|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|لحظة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|به زودی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|عن قریب|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|وصله زدن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|وهله|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|point}}, {{W+|en|sewing}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|lahza}}, {{W+|tr|an}}, {{W+|tr|ötürü}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kêlî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{k-ya nerm}}
# [[bîsk]], [[gav]], [[bêhn]], [[dem]]ek [[pir]] [[kurt]]
#: {{nm|ku|Were '''kêliyekê''' rûne, em paşî biçin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Belê, em birçî bûn, lê tiştê ku me zêdetir dixwest '''kêlîkê''' xew bû.|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Mirina Kalekî Rind/1987}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kêlîk}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Augenblick|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|moment}}, {{W|en|just then}}, {{W|en|while}}, {{W|en|short duration}}, {{W|en|short period of time}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|an}}, {{W|tr|lahza}}
{{werger-bin}}
{{bend}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kêlî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Bi mecazî [[çûnûhatin]]ên civakî, [[serdan]]ên weke sersaxîyê, dawetan, nexweşan û hwd...
#: {{nm|ku|Sed '''kêlîkên''' mirovî çêdibin, divê mirov ji tifaqên dinyayê re hazir be.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Heta niha neçûye '''kelîkeke''' ti kesî û hê jî camêr gazinan dike çima kes naçe kêlîkên wî.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kêlîk}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|social gathering}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>1tvq9v3jhzbn7yuibta5oegp7pbv3xm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16143</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291036</id>
      <parentid>6242739</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291036</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3601" sha1="33gxnogqk4kuzfnk2482rd6z3goq4wz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kakil|mê}}
[[Wêne:Whole_Walnut_Kernel.jpg|thumb|'''kakilên''' [[gûz]]ê]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nav]]a [[gûz]]an an [[tovik]]an û [[berhem]]ên din yên wek wan
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kakila''' gûzê.|beşa tê [[xwarin]] ya [[gûz]]ê ya ku di [[qalik]]î de ye|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Min keça xwe bi '''kakila''' gûzê xweyî kir.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...wî bilûra xwe bi '''kakilên''' gûzan mist dida!|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Mirina Kalekî Rind/1987}}}}
# [[nav]]a tiştekî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[beş]]a [[giring]] ji tiştekî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|کاکل}}
* {{ku-kr|какьл}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kakil girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kakilgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|kakilk
|kakl
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|kakûl
|kakûle
|kalik
|qalik
|qaşil
}}

==== Têkilî ====
* {{g|ku|xirş}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|tîvil}}

==== Qafiye ====
{{kol3|ku|sernav=1-[[kîte]]yî
|cil
|hil
|kil
|sil
|şil
|til
|zil
}}
{{kol3|ku|sernav=2-[[kîte]]yî
|bilbil
|Bismil
|çembil
|kersil
|kuşpil
|sercil
|tîvil
|zengil
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Peyveke [[hevbeş]] ya [[Kurdistan]]ê û [[Kafkasya]]yê ye: kurmancî ''kakil'', soranî {{g|ckb|کاکڵ|tr=-}} / [[kakił]], ermenî [[կակալ]] (kakal) û [[կակըլ]] (kakəl), lazî [[კაკალი]] (ḳaḳali), gurcî [[კაკალი]] (ḳaḳali) û mingrelî [[კაკალი]] (ḳaḳali). Ji ber ku ji bilî kurdî ev peyv di zimanên din yên îranî de nîne ({{g|fa|کاکل}} /kakol/ anku &quot;[[temerî]]&quot; ya farisî bi maneyeke din e û ne ji eynî rehî ye) û ji ber ku ji bilî kurdî û ermenî ew di zimanên din yên hindûewropî de peyda nabe, texmînen ev peyv ji zimanên [[kartvelî]] ketiye kurdî û ermenî, bo nimûne ji {{ji|lzz|ku}} yan ji {{ji|ka|ku}}.

Berhemên heyî li ser rehên peyvê ne hevdeng in:

[[Şablon:Chyet|Chyet]] vê peyvê tenê bi kurmancî, soranî û gurcî dide û ne [[piştrast]] e ka kîjan zimanî ew ji kîjan zimanî wergirtiye. Di çapa nû ya ferhengê de (ku li ber çapkirinê ye û me dîtiye), tiştekî nû li etîmolojiya vê peyvê zêde nekiriye.

Zimannasê ermen [[Şablon:Lapancyan|Łapʿançʿyan]] dibêje ku ermenî ev peyv ji zimanên kartvelî wergirtiye.

[[Şablon:Tsabolov|Çabolov]] peyva &quot;kakil&quot; bi peyva [[kakule|kakûle]] ([[kajîle]], [[hêl]], [[zerdeçal]], [[kardamom]]) ve [[girê]] dide lê ev bi aşkereyî [[şaşî]] ye.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî
* {{Tsabolov|r=512}}
* {{Chyet|r=295}}
* {{Lapancyan|r=90}}
}}

==== Anagram ====
* {{anagram|ku|a=aikkl|kalik}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|bg|}}: {{W|bg|ядка|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|jádro|nt}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kern|n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|نواة}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مغز گردو}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pähkinä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|amande|m}}, {{t+|fr|cerneau|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W|ka|გული}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|kernel}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|kjarni|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|gheriglio|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W|mi|karihi}}, {{t|mi|kiko}}, {{t|mi|kikokiko}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W|ang|cyrnel|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|miolo|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ядро́|nt}}, {{t+|ru|сердцеви́на|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|eitean|n}}
* {{Z|dsb}}: {{W|dsb|jědro|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|almendra|m}}, {{t+|es|núcleo|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kärna}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çekirdek}}, {{W|tr|göbek}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πυρήνας|n}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W|yi|קערנדל|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>33gxnogqk4kuzfnk2482rd6z3goq4wz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16204</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291037</id>
      <parentid>6246306</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291037</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="941" sha1="19brzdsk8aa8e34h6sc0wj8cgqa3un8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berba}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bayî]], [[biba]], [[badar]], &lt;br&gt;[[cih]]ê gelek [[ba]] lê tê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[tişt]]ê ku bi ber bayê ve ye ketiye
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[muhatap]]
#: {{nm|ku|Tu çewa xwe '''berbayê''' wan zarokan dikî.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bereba}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|berroj
|bertav
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berbayî
|berba kirin
|berba kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berbakirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berbakirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|ber-|ba}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|برباد}}, {{W+|fa|بوجاری}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|savruntu}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|eu}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|eu}}
# {{g|ku|peyv}}, {{g|ku|bêje}}, {{g|ku|kelîme}}, {{g|ku|gotin}}
#* {{bêmînak|eu}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|eu|peyv}}</text>
      <sha1>19brzdsk8aa8e34h6sc0wj8cgqa3un8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nîv</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16324</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291038</id>
      <parentid>6262303</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291038</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9588" sha1="7t68vowkoeu3jfb0vfyn97fsa09hzth" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-nîv.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nîv|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Watermelon seedless.jpg|thumb|'''Nîv''' zebeş.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[destpêk]] û [[dawî]] [[hindî]] hev jê [[dûr]]
#: {{nm|ku|Em li '''nîvê''' rêya xwe bûn.|Rêya me bi qasî ku em çûbûn ew qas jî hê mabû.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Nîvê''' şevê, nîvro.}}
# herdu [[rex]] [[bi qasî]] [[hev]] jê [[dûr]]
#: {{nm|ku|Tîr bi '''nîvê''' hedefê ket.}}
# ne bi [[temam]]î
#: {{nm|ku|Karê xwe bi '''nîvî''' dikin.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Nûr ji piştê hate '''nîva''' cebhetê&lt;/br&gt;Hin dibêjin hate tilya şahidê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نیڤ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|nêv}} (3)

==== Têkildarî ====
* {{g|ku|çarêk}}
* {{g|ku|hemû}}
* {{g|ku|sêyek}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nîvgirtî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|nîva
|nîvçe
|nîvco
|nîve
|nîvek
|nîvro
|nîvroj
|nîvşev
|nîvûnor
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''ney'''-'''me'''- (&quot;nîv&quot;)
:{{ae}}: '''neême'''- (&quot;nîv&quot;)
:{{xpr}}: '''nîm''' (&quot;nîv&quot;)
:{{fa}}: '''nîm''' (&quot;nîv&quot;)
:{{kmr}}: '''nîv''' (&quot;nîv&quot;)
:{{kmr}}: '''nîw''' (&quot;nîv&quot;)
:{{hac}}: '''nîm''' (&quot;nîv&quot;)
:{{zza}}: '''nîm''' (&quot;nîv&quot;)...
{{sa}}: '''nême'''- (&quot;nîv&quot;)

; {{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Horn|r=239}}
* {{MacKenzie|r=125}}
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[nîw]]
* {{Z|sdh}}: [[nîm]]
* {{Z|hac}}: [[nîm]]
* {{Z|zza}}: [[nême]], [[nîme]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|абжа}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|ныкъо}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|abxa}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gjysmë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Hälfte|m}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|giumitati}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|yarım}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ярты}}, {{W-|ba|ярым}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|палаві́на|m}}, {{W-|be|пало́ва|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|আধা}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|hanter|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|полови́на|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အခြမ်း}}, {{W+|my|အခွဲ}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|pachishki}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|ах}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|polovina|m}}, {{W+|cs|půlka|m}}, {{W+|cs|půl}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏰᏟ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|半|tr=bun3}}, {{W-|yue|一半|tr=jat1 bun3}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|半|tr=bàn}}, {{W+|cmn|一半|tr=yībàn}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|半|tr=pan}}, {{W+|nan|一半|tr=yit-pan}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|mesu|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|halvdel|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|setengah}}, {{W+|id|separuh}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|نِصْف|n}}, {{W-|ar|نُصْف|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|نص|n|tr=nuṣṣ}}
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|نص|n|tr=niṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|կես}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|duono}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|pool}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|afɑ̃|nt}}
* {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|pʋsʋka}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نیم|tr=nim}}, {{W+|fa|نصف|tr=nesf}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|helvt|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|puolikas}}, {{W+|fi|puolet}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|moitié|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|mieç|n}}, {{W-|fur|mitât|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|leth|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|metade|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ნახევარი}}, {{W-|ka|მეორედი}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|mwatye}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|आधा|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|helft}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|חֵצִי|n|tr=khétsi}}, {{W+|he|מַחֲצִית|m|tr=makhatsít}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|duima}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|guddua}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|half}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|ах}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|leath|m}}
* {{Z|isd}}: {{W-|isd|xadduwa}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|metà|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|helmingur|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|半分|tr=[[はんぶん]], hanbun}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|ныкъуэ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|meitat|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|жарым}}, {{W+|ky|жарты}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|반}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|dīmidium|nt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ທ່ອງ}}, {{W-|lo|ເກີ່ງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pusė|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|половина|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|separuh}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|nofs|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|haurua}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|अर्धा}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|fél|id=half}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|хагас}}, {{W+|mn|тал}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ}}, {{W-|mn|ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ}}
* {{Z|mos}}: {{W-|mos|pʋsʋka}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|halvdel|n}}, {{W-|nb|halvpart|n}}, {{W-|nb|omgang|n}}, {{W-|nb|banehalvdel|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|halvdel|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|mitat|m}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|ӕрдӕг}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yarim}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|mei}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|tajku}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Halft|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|połowa}}, {{W+|pl|pół}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|metade|m}}, {{W+|pt|tempo}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жарты}}, {{W-|kk|жарым}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|jumătate|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|полови́на|m}}, {{W+|ru|тайм|n}}
* {{Z|ssy}}: {{W-|ssy|abrha}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अर्ध|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|meidade|m}}, {{W-|sc|meitate|m}}, {{W-|sc|metadi|m}}, {{W-|sc|midade|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|половина|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|polovina|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|polovina}}, {{W+|sk|polovica|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|polovica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mitad|m}}, {{W-|es|metad|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|nusu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|hälft|g}}, {{W+|sv|halva|g}}, {{W+|sv|halvlek|g}}, {{W+|sv|planhalva|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၶိုင်ႈ}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|upanɗe|c11|c10a}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|нисф}}, {{W-|tg|ним}}, {{W-|tg|нима}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|kalahati}}
* {{Z|rif}}: {{W-|rif|azyen|n}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|tunga}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ครึ่ง}}, {{W-|th|ครึ่งหนึ่ง|tr=krêung-nèung}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సగము}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|ярты}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yarım}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýarym}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཕྱེད་ཀ}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|hap}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|ywārtsa}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|آدھا|n|tr=ādhā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|полови́на|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|nửa}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|កន្លះ|tr=kɑnlah}}, {{W+|km|ចំហៀង|tr=cɑmhiəŋ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|העלפֿט|m}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|idaji}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μισό|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἥμισυ|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|half|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75819763}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[50%]], [[1/2]], [[pişk]]ek ji [[du]] [[pişk]]an, [[par]]ek ji du [[par]]an, [[beş]]ek ji du beşan,  &lt;br&gt;ger mirov tiştekê/î bike du [[parçe]]yên [[hindî]] [[hev]], yek ji wan parçeyan
#: ''nîv [[euro]]'' (50 [[sent]]),  &lt;br&gt;''nîv seet'' (30 [[deqe]]),  &lt;br&gt;''nîv [[kîlo]]'' (500 [[kîlogram]]),  ''nîv [[perdaq]] av'' &lt;br&gt;(perdaqa ku parek jê [[dagirtî]] û para din [[vala]])

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|абжа}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gjysmë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|halb}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|আধা}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|yarım}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ярты}}, {{W-|ba|ярым}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|kabanga}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|половин}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|ах}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|půl}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|半|tr=bun3}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|半|tr=bàn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|halv}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|setengah}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|կես}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|duona}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|pool}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|afɑ̃}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نیم|tr=nim}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|puoli}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|demi}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|mieç}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|heal}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍃}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|અર્ધું|n}}, {{W-|gu|અડધું|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ნახევარი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|आधा|n}}, {{W-|hi|अर्ध|n}}, {{W+|hi|अर्द्ध|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|half}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|half}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|leath-}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|半|tr=nakaba, han|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|ハーフ|tr=hāfu}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|kapitna}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|mig}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|ch'iqta}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|බාගය}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|반}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|puse|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|dīmidium|nt}}, {{W-|la|sēmis|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|puse|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເຄິ່ງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pusė|m}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡥᠣᠨᡨᠣᡥᠣ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|haurua}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хагас}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|halv}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|halv}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|mièg}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W-|or|ଅଧା}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|pół-}}, {{W+|pl|połowiczny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|metade}}, {{W+|pt|meio}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|semi-}}, {{W-|ro|emi-}}, {{W+|ro|jumate}}, {{W+|ro|jumătate}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пол-}}, {{W+|ru|полу-}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अर्ध|tr=ardhá}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|afu}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|polovina}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|pol}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|halv}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|kalahati}}
* {{Z|nod}}: {{W-|nod|ᨣᩕᩮᩥ᩠᩵ᨦ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ครึ่ง}}, {{W+|th|กึ่ง}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yarı}},{{W+|tr|buçuk}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|phân nửa}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|កន្លះ}}, {{W+|km|ចំហៀង}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|האַלב}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ήμισυς|n}}, {{W+|el|μισός|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἥμισυς}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|half|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75819763}}</text>
      <sha1>7t68vowkoeu3jfb0vfyn97fsa09hzth</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>han</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16379</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291039</id>
      <parentid>6262821</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291039</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2660" sha1="nbwo1yybtt7yosa04vggpydk1i209n5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}
# ya / yê ji [[bêjer]]ê/î û [[guhdar]]ê/î [[dûr]] ya ku [[bêjer]] [[bal]]a [[guhdar]]ê [[birin|dibiyê]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ewa '''han''', eva '''han''', ewê '''han''', evê '''han''', ewên '''han''', evên '''han'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Yûsifê dewr û zemanî&lt;br /&gt;Go nesîm '''han''' vî nişanî&lt;br /&gt;Lê ji bo nekhê dehanî}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|ha
|hanê
|he
|henê
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|han dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|handan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha pehlewî ''han, an'', farisî ''an'', partî ''ho'', zazakî [[na]] ji {{ji|ira}}. [[հոն]] (hon: [[wir]], [[wê]] [[der]]a han) ya ermeniya rojavayî ji kurdî ye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بیا بگیر|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|تشویق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|that}}, that over there, {{W|en|incitement|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|imdat|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|şu|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# çûn [[harîkarî|harîkariya]] [[yek]]î/ê kirin, di [[tan]]a yekî/ê [[çûn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Baş bû tu di '''hana''' me hatî, yan da em hemî mirîn.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|go help someone}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
;han dan
# [[dehf]] dan
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[teşwîq]] kirin
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

== {{ziman|aa}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|aa}}
# {{g|ku|dotin}}
#* {{bêmînak|aa}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|aa|dotin}}

== {{ziman|da}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|da}}
# [[ew#ku|ew]]
#* {{bêmînak|da}}

== {{ziman|kha}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|kha}}
# {{mijar|kha|heywan}} {{g|ku|werdek}}, {{g|ku|miravî}}, {{g|ku|bet}}, {{g|ku|ordek}}
#* {{bêmînak|kha}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|kha|werdek}}

== {{ziman|li}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|li}}
# {{g|ku|hebûn}} (xwedî bûn, di dest de bûn)
#* {{bêmînak|li}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|li|hebûn}}

== {{ziman|no}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|no|LL-Q9043 (nor)-Telaneo-han.wav|Deng|dever=Bærum, Norwêc}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|no}}
# [[ew#ku|ew]]
#* {{bêmînak|no}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|sv}}
# [[ew]]; [[wî]] ([[tenê]] bo yên [[nêr]])
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|sv|hon#Swêdî|hon}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|sv
|hans
|honom
}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-han.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[xan]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>nbwo1yybtt7yosa04vggpydk1i209n5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dest pê kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16429</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291040</id>
      <parentid>6232611</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291040</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8502" sha1="pvctaj4iueuga50pnfzk9krphwz0kd2" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|destpêkirin}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|dest pê kirin|form=gerguhêz|niha=k|borî=kir|pêşgir=dest pê|valahî=erê}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh}}, {{t-ya nerm}}, {{p-ya nerm}}, {{k-ya nerm}}
# [[serkuşandin|Serkuşandin]], [[serkuşa]] kirin, [[serkuşa]] dayin, [[serfetihandin]], [[serfetih]] kirin, [[start]] kirin, [[gav]]a [[pêşîn]] [[avêtin]], [[yekem]] car kirin, [[gav]] kirin, [[gav]] avêştin, bi serî bûn, serkişayî bûn, serîya xwe kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Te kengî '''dest bi''' karê xwe '''kir'''?|Roja yekem ya karê te kengî bû?}}
#: {{nm|ku|Keça min hê '''dest bi''' dibistanê '''nekiriye'''.|Ew hê carekê jî neçûye dibistanê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Film dê seet 21.15 '''dest pê bike'''.|[[deqe|Deqeya]] yekem ji [[film]]î dê seet 21.15 be.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bo yê '''dest bi''' cigarekêşanê '''kiribe''', êdî ne hêsan e dest jê berde.}}
#: {{mk|ku|Peyva Agirîyê bi ayê bi serî bûye}}
#: {{mk|ku|Bihar bi 21a Adarê serkişayî dibin}}
#: {{mk|ku|Min serîya axaftina xwe bi silav dayinê kir}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Min '''dest bi''' pirtûkekê '''kir''' ku ez bixwînim.|{{Jêgirtin/Hesenê Metê/Epîlog}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دەست پێ کرن}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* [[dest pê bûn]]

==== Bide ber ====
* [[dest jê berdan]]

==== Jê ====
* [[destpêk]]
* [[destpêker]]
* [[destpêkirî]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|dest|pê|kirin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|begin}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|nis}}, {{W+|sq|filloj}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|anfangen}}, {{W+|de|beginnen}}, {{W+|de|starten}}, {{W+|de|anheben}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|ahurhescu}}, {{W-|rup|ãnchisescu}}, {{W-|rup|apãrnjescu}}, {{W-|rup|ntsep}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|entamar}}, {{W-|ast|empezar}}, {{W+|ast|comenzar}}, {{W-|ast|aniciar}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|başlamaq}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|hasi}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|башлау}}, {{W-|ba|баштау}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пачына́ць|impf}}, {{W-|be|пача́ць|pf}}; {{W-|be|пачына́цца|impf}}, {{W-|be|пача́цца}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|শুরু করা}}, {{W-|bn|আরম্ভ করা}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W-|br|kregiñ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|запо́чвам|impf}}, {{W-|bg|по́чвам|impf}}, {{W-|bg|по́чна|pf}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|စ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|začínat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|začít|pf}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᎴᏅᏗ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|開始}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|開始}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|nizuor}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|begynde}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|mulai}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بَدَأَ}}, {{W-|ar|اِبْتَدَأَ}}, {{W+|ar|شَرَعَ}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بدأ|tr=badaʔ}}, {{W-|acw|بدا|tr=bada}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|بدا|tr=bada}}, {{W-|ajp|بلّش|tr=ballash}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|սկսել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|komenci}}, {{W-|eo|eki}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|hakkama}}, {{W-|et|alustama}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|آغاز کردن|tr=âğâz kardan}}, {{W-|fa|شروع کردن|tr=šoru' kardan}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|byrja}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|alkaa}}, {{W+|fi|aloittaa}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|comencier}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|commencer}}, {{W+|fr|démarrer}}, {{W+|fr|mettre|cuda=se mettre}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|començâ}}
* {{Z|frr}}:
*: Hallig: {{W-|frr|öönfange}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|comezar}}, {{W-|gl|comenzar}}, {{W-|gl|empezar}}, {{W-|gl|iniciar}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽}}, {{W-|got|𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|დაიწყება}}, {{W-|ka|იწყება}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|शुरू करना}}, {{W-|hi|शुरू होना}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|sugod}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|beginnen}}, {{W+|nl|aanvangen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|הִתְחִיל|tr=hitkhíl}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|komencar}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|begin}}, {{W+|en|start}}, {{W+|en|commence}}, {{W+|en|initiate}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|comenciar}}, {{W-|ia|iniciar}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|tosaigh}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|cominciare}}, {{W+|it|iniziare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|byrja}}, {{W-|is|hefjast}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|始める|tr=はじめる, hajimeru}}, {{W+|ja|開始|tr=かいしする, kaishi suru|cuda=開始する}}, {{W+|ja|始まる|tr=はじまる, hajimaru}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|començar}}, {{W+|ca|iniciar}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|qallay}}, {{W+|qu|qallariy}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|баштоо}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|ආරම්භ කරනවා}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|시작하다}}, {{W-|ko|개시하다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|incipiō}}, {{W-|la|ordior}}, {{W-|la|initiō}}, {{W+|la|committō}}, {{W-|la|ineō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|sākt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເລີ່ມ}}, {{W-|lo|ຕັ້ງຕົ້ນ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|pradėti}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|ufänken}}
* {{Z|lut}}: {{W-|lut|ʔil}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|започнува|impf}}, {{W-|mk|започне|pf}}, {{W-|mk|почнува|impf}}, {{W-|mk|почне|pf}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|തുടങ്ങുക}}, {{W+|ml|ആരംഭിക്കുക}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|mula}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|beda}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hāpai}}, {{W-|mi|hoto}}, {{W-|mi|whakataki}}, {{W-|mi|huataki}}, {{W-|mi|hīmata}}, {{W-|mi|tīmata}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kezd}}, {{W+|hu|elkezd}}, {{W+|hu|megkezd}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|эхлэх}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|cumenzà}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|c'menchier}}, {{W-|nrf|c'menchi}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|begynne}}, {{W-|nb|børje}}, {{W-|nb|innlede}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|begynna}}, {{W+|nn|byrja}}, {{W-|nn|innleia}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|maajii-}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|començar}}, {{W+|oc|entamenar}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|eegaluu}}, {{W-|om|jalqabuu}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|باشلىماق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|boshlamoq}}, {{W+|uz|boshlanmoq}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|شروع کول|tr=šoro' kawәl}}, {{W-|ps|پيل کول|tr=payl kawәl}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|zaczynać|impf}}, {{W+|pl|zacząć|pf}}, {{W+|pl|zaczynać|impf|cuda=zaczynać się}}, {{W+|pl|zacząć|pf|cuda=zacząć się}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|começar}}, {{W+|pt|iniciar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|бастау}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|entschaiver}}, {{W-|rm|entscheiver}}, {{W-|rm|antschever}}, {{W-|rm|cumenzar}}, {{W-|rm|scumanzar}}, {{W-|rm|cumanzer}}, {{W-|rm|iniziar}}, {{W-|rm|inizier}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|începe|cuda=a începe}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|начина́ть|impf}}, {{W-|ru|нача́ть|pf}}, {{W-|ru|начина́ться|impf}}, {{W-|ru|нача́ться|pf}}
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|biginnan}}, {{W-|osx|andginnan}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱮᱦᱳᱵ}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|sugod}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|accuminzari}}, {{W+|scn|cuminzari}}, {{W+|scn|accuminciari}}, {{W+|scn|cuminciari}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по̀чињати|impf}}, {{W-|sh|по̀че̄ти|pf}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|pòčinjati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|pòčēti|pf}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|začínať|impf}}, {{W-|sk|začať|pf}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|začenjati|impf}}, {{W+|sl|začeti|pf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|comenzar}}, {{W+|es|iniciar}}, {{W+|es|empezar}}, {{W+|es|principiar}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|anza|cuda=kuanza}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|börja}}, {{W+|sv|begynna}}, {{W+|sv|inleda}}, {{W+|sv|påbörja}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|шуру кардан}}, {{W+|tg|шуруъ кардан}}, {{W-|tg|оғоз кардан}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|magumpisa}}, {{W-|tl|mag-umpisa}}, {{W-|tl|umpisahan}}, {{W-|tl|magsimula}}, {{W-|tl|simulan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เริ่ม}}, {{W+|th|เริ่มต้น}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|башларга}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|başlamak}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|başlamak}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|شُرُوع کَرْنا|tr=śurū' karnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|почина́ти|impf}}, {{W-|uk|поча́ти|pf}}; {{W-|uk|почина́тися|impf}}, {{W-|uk|поча́тися|pf}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|scuminsiar}}, {{W-|vec|scuminçiar}}, {{W-|vec|scomençiar}}, {{W-|vec|scomensar}}, {{W-|vec|scomençar}}, {{W-|vec|scominsiar}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bắt đầu}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W-|vo|beginön}}, {{W+|vo|primön}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|dechrau}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ចាប់ផ្ដើម}}, {{W+|km|ផ្ដើម}}, {{W+|km|ចាប់}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|אָנהייבן}}, {{W-|yi|באַגינען}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|αρχίζω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἄρχομαι}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pvctaj4iueuga50pnfzk9krphwz0kd2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bexşandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16501</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291041</id>
      <parentid>6290069</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291041</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2842" sha1="hbfu0iue08drkcfwe9os14dc9o14o5o" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|bexşandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=bexşîn|borî=bexşand}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[lê borîn]], [[efû]] kirin, [[lê negirtin]], [[gerdenaza kirin]], li [[qisûr]]a kesekî/ê ne[[nerîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Min xeletî kir, li min '''bibexşînin'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Xwedê gunehê me '''bibexşîne'''.}}
# [[dan|Dan]]a [[diyarî|diyariyekê]], hediye.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌خشاندن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bexişandin}}
* {{g|ku|bexşîn}}
* {{g|ku|bexişîn}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|nexşandin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bexşandî
|bexşîner
|bexşkar
|bexşînerî
|bexşende
|bexşendetî
|bexşandin xwestin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bexşandinxwestin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|bexş|-andin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|entschuldigen}}, {{W+|de|gönnen}}, {{W+|de|schenken}}, {{W+|de|Stiftung|m}}, {{W+|de|begnadigen}}, {{W+|de|bewilligen}}, {{W+|de|erteilen}}, {{W+|de|gewähren}}, {{W+|de|hingeben}}, {{W-|de|sich beraten}}, {{W+|de|spenden}}, {{W+|de|stiften}}, {{W+|de|verschonen}}, {{W-|de|zuteil werden lassen}}, {{W+|de|Geldgeschenk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Vergebung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|verzeihen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|weihen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|zuschießen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|اهداء}}, {{W-|ar|اعطاء}}, {{W-|ar|سماح}}, {{W+|ar|عفو}}, {{W-|ar|غفران}}, {{W-|ar|سامح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|منح|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بخشیدن}}, {{W+|fa|بخشیدن}}, {{W+|fa|آمرزیدن}}, {{W-|fa|بخش کردن}}, {{W+|fa|پخش کردن}}, {{W-|fa|هدیه دادن}}, {{W+|fa|عفو کردن}}, {{W+|fa|بخشودن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|antaa}} [[anteeksi]]; [[armahtaa]]
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|forgive}}, to {{W+|en|pardon}}, {{W+|en|remission}}, {{W+|en|dispensation}}, {{W+|en|remittal}}, {{W+|en|conferment}}, {{W+|en|endowment}}, {{W+|en|excusing}}, {{W+|en|exemption}}, {{W+|en|presentation}}, {{W+|en|condone|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|impart|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|awarding|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|donating|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|endow|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|förlåta}}, {{W-|sw|ursäkta}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|afetmek}}, {{W+|tr|affetmek}}, {{W+|tr|affeylemek}}, {{W+|tr|bağışlama}}, {{W+|tr|bağışlamak}}, {{W+|tr|bahşetme}}, {{W+|tr|bahşetmek}}, {{W+|tr|hibe etmek}}, {{W+|tr|ihsan}}, {{W+|tr|teberru}}, {{W+|tr|teberru etmek}}, {{W+|tr|affolunmak}}, {{W+|tr|bağış}}, {{W+|tr|bağışlanma}}, {{W+|tr|bağışlanmak}}, {{W+|tr|mağfiret}}, {{W+|tr|affedilme}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bexşandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>hbfu0iue08drkcfwe9os14dc9o14o5o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nûner</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16520</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291042</id>
      <parentid>6242641</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291042</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6325" sha1="gts8vvprpba78wurq11037kkwj7flcx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nûner|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê bo kesek din yan [[dezgeh]]ek din [[kar]]ekî dike yan li ser [[nav]]ê wan [[xebitîn|dixebite]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|wekîl|nimayende|temsîlkar|nimîner|berîkar|spartedar|bervedar|ajan}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Nûnerên''' kurdan pêşwazî nûnerên ewropî kir.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Bala xwe dayê ku Kurd li kêleka '''nûnerekî''' çavgilmok, bejinkurt rûniştiye û ketiye galegalan.|nivîskar=Mihemed Şarman|sernav=Pirça Winda|cîh=Stembol|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2016|çap=2|rûpel=57|isbn=978-605-5585-41-9}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نوینه‌ر}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|niwêner
|nîner
|nwêner
|nwîner
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|endam
|berdevk
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* [[niwandin]]
* [[nimandin]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nûner bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nûner kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nûnerbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nûnerkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nûnerbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|nûnerkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|nûneratî
|nûnerî
|nûnerîtî
|nûnertî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|نوێنەر}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|përfaqësues|n}}, {{W+|sq|përfaqësuese|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Repräsentant|n}}, {{W-|de|Repräsentantin|m}}, {{W+|de|Vertreter|n}}, {{W+|de|Vertreterin|m}}, {{W+|de|Sprecher|n}}, {{W+|de|Sprecherin|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|nümayəndə}}, {{W+|az|vəkil}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|вәкил}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|прадстаўні́к|n}}, {{W-|be|прадстаўні́ца|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|প্রতিনিধি}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|представи́тел|n}}, {{W-|bg|представи́телка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကိုယ်စားလှယ်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zástupce|n}}, {{W-|cs|zástupkyně|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|代表}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|repræsentant|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|wakil}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُمَثِّل|n}}, {{W-|ar|مُمَثِّلَة|m}}, {{W+|ar|وَكِيل|n}}, {{W-|ar|وَكِيلَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ներկայացուցիչ}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|esindaja}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نماینده|tr=namâyande}}, {{W+|fa|ممثل|tr=momassel}}, {{W+|fa|وکیل|tr=vakil}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|edustaja}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|représentant|n}}, {{W+|fr|représentante|m}}, {{W+|fr|délégué|n}}, {{W+|fr|déléguée|m}}, {{W+|fr|mandataire|n|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|riochdaire|n}}, {{W-|gd|neach-ionaid|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|representante|n|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|წარმომადგენელი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|प्रतिनिधि|n}}, {{W+|hi|नुमाइंदा|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vertegenwoordiger|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מְיַצֵג|n|tr=natsíg}}, {{W-|he|נציגה|m|tr=netsigá}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|reprezentanto}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|representative}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|uiríollaí|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|rappresentante|n|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|fulltrúi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|代表|tr=だいひょう, daihyō}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|өкүл}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|대표}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|repraesentātīvus|n}}, {{W-|la|repraesentātīva|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|pārstāvis|n}}, {{W-|lv|pārstāve|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຜູ້ແທນ}}, {{W-|lo|ຜູ້ຕາງຫນ້າ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|atstõvas|n}}, {{W-|lt|atstõvė|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|претставник|n}}, {{W-|mk|претставничка|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പ്രതിനിധി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|wakil}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|rappreżentant|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|māngai}}, {{W-|mi|taraketi}}, {{W-|mi|kanohi}}, {{W-|mi|repe|tr=From English “rep”}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|képviselő}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|төлөөлөгч}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|representant|n}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|سفیر|tr=sefir}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|نامايەندە}}, {{W-|ug|ۋەكىل}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|namoyanda}}, {{W+|uz|vakil}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|نماينده|n|tr=namāyәnda}}, {{W-|ps|وکيل|n|tr=wakīl}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Stellveträda|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|reprezentant|n}}, {{W+|pl|reprezentantka|m}}, {{W+|pl|przedstawiciel|n}}, {{W+|pl|przedstawicielka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|representante|n|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|өкіл}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|reprezentant|n}}, {{W+|ro|reprezentantă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|представи́тель|n}}, {{W+|ru|представи́тельница|m}}, {{W+|ru|делега́т|n}}, {{W+|ru|делега́тка|m}}, {{W+|ru|уполномо́ченный|n}}, {{W+|ru|уполномо́ченная|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|пре́дста̄внӣк|n}}, {{W-|sh|пре́дста̄вница|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|prédstāvnīk|n}}, {{W+|sh|prédstāvnica|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|zástupca|n}}, {{W-|sk|zástupkyňa|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|predstavnik|n}}, {{W-|sl|predstavnica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|representante|n|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|wajumbe}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|representant|g}}, {{W+|sv|företrädare|g}}, {{W+|sv|ombud}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|намоянда}}, {{W-|tg|вакил}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|kinatawan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ตัวแทน}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ప్రతినిధి}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|vekil}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|вәкил}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|mümessil}}, {{W+|tr|vekil}}, {{W+|tr|temsilci}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|wekil}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|نُمائِندَہ|n|tr=numā'inda}}, {{W+|ur|مَنْدُوب|n|tr=mandūb}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|представни́к|n}}, {{W+|uk|представни́ця|m}}, {{W-|uk|уповнова́жений|n}}, {{W-|uk|уповнова́жена|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tiêu biểu}}, {{W+|vi|đại biểu}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cynrychiolydd|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|តំណាង}}, {{W-|km|ធ្មាយ}}, {{W+|km|តាង}}, {{W+|km|ប្រតិភូ}}, {{W+|km|ទូត}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|רעפּרעזענטאַנט|n}}, {{W-|yi|פֿאַרטרעטער|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εκπρόσωπος|n}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|προαιρετός}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|representative|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76002806}}</text>
      <sha1>gts8vvprpba78wurq11037kkwj7flcx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kutan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16640</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291043</id>
      <parentid>6253331</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291043</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7999" sha1="cv33j14czmpvu7j5hxi9jpf32z24rz2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}, {{k-ya req}}, {{t-ya nerm}}
# [[lê dan]], [[lê xistin]], [[pê dadan]], [[pê ketin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Bi [[lêdan]]ê [[hûr]] kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Dan '''kutan'''.|[[dankut]]|rêz=1}}
# [[tê nan]], [[gan]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[lêdan]]a [[dergeh]]î
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Çav [[pê ketin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Tu kesî tu carî nedîtiye nebihîstiye û nexwendiye ku wî çavê xwe '''kutaye''' û rûye xwe badaye.|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Hêz û Bedewiya Pênûsê/1993}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|کوتان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kutandin}}
* {{g|ku|kutin}}
* {{g|ku|kutîn}}
* {{g|ku|qutan}}
* {{g|ku|qutandin}}
* {{g|ku|qutîn}}
* {{g|ku|vequtan}}

==== Tewîn ====
: [[-kut-]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kutan xwarin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kutanxwarin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dankut
|dankutk
|kutayî
|kuter
|kutilk
|kût
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[kop-]] ([[lê dan]], kutan), hevreha {{hv|fa|كوفتن|tr=kûften: kutan, lê dan}} û yûnanî [[κόπτω]] (kopto: lê dan, kutan), kurdî [[ketin]].

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: [[kutene]], [[kuwayene]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|einschlagen}}, {{W|de|eindreschen}}, {{W|de|dreschen}}, {{W|de|schlagen}}, {{W|de|stoßen}}, {{W|de|frappant|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|jo}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|улучвам}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W|my|ရိုက်|tr=yaik}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|praštit}}, {{W|cs|uhodit}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W|cmn|打擊|sc=Hani}}, {{W|cmn|打击|tr=dǎjī}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|slå}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|ضرب|tr=Dáraba}}, {{W|ar|دق}}, {{W|ar|الإعتداء|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الكماد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|جامَعَ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|խփել|tr=xp'el}}, {{W|hy|հարվածել|tr=harvaçel}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|frapi|xs=Esperanto}}, {{W|eo|bati|xs=Esperanto}}, {{W|eo|trafi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|کوفتن}}, {{W|fa|کتک زدن}}, {{W|fa|کوبیدن}}, {{W|fa|زدن|tr=zadan}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|iskeä}}, {{W|fi|lyödä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|frapper}}, {{W|fr|battre}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|buail}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W|gl|golpear|xs=Galician}}, {{W|gl|bater|xs=Galician}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|मारना|tr=mārnā}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|raken}}, {{W|nl|treffen}}, {{W|nl|slaan}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W|io|frapar|xs=Ido}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|hit}}, to {{W|en|strike}}, to {{W|en|beat}}, to {{W|en|blow}}, {{W|en|knock}}, {{W|en|bastinado}}, {{W|en|batter}}, {{W|en|drub}}, {{W|en|pommel}}, {{W|en|thrash}}, {{W|en|wallop}}, {{W|en|whack}}, {{W|en|beating}}, {{W|en|pound}}, {{W|en|bob|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|coition|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|colpire}}, {{W|it|picchiare}}, {{W|it|battere}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|打つ|tr=うつ, utsu}}, {{W|ja|叩く|tr=たたく, tataku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|colpejar}}, {{W|ca|batre}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W|qu|maqay}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|치다|tr=chida}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|battuo}}, {{W|la|pello}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|sist}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|üt}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|slå}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|uderzać}}, {{W|pl|uderzyć}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|golpear}}, {{W|pt|bater}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W|rm|batter|xs=Romansch}}, {{W|rm|pitgar|xs=Romansch}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|lovi}}, {{W|ro|bate}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|ударять|tr=udarját'}}, {{W|ru|ударить|tr=udárit'}}, {{W|ru|стучать|tr=stučát'}}, {{W|ru|стукнуть|tr=stúknut'}}, {{W|ru|бить|tr=bit’}}, {{W|ru|побить|tr=pobít’}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|udariti}}, {{W|sh|zabiti}}, {{W|sh|opizditi}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W|cu|бити|tr=biti}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|golpear}}, {{W|es|pegar}}, {{W|es|batir}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|slå}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|dövmek}}, {{W|tr|vurmak}}, {{W|tr|kısmak}}, {{W|tr|kütin}}, {{W|tr|çakma}}, {{W|tr|çakmak}}, {{W|tr|dayak}}, {{W|tr|dövme}}, {{W|tr|hırpalama}}, {{W|tr|urmak}}, {{W|tr|vurma}}, {{W|tr|hırpalamak}}, {{W|tr|benzetmek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|çivilemek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sermek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sikmek|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W|ur|مارنا|tr=mārnā}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W|vo|flapön}}, {{W|vo|leflapön}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W|cy|taro}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{wp|kutan}}
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kutan|mê}}
[[Wêne:Vaccine_ku.png|thumb|200px|Kutan, mirov ji hin nexweşiyan diparêze.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[lêdan]], [[lêxistin]]
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Nas û dostên herduyan jî tevlî bûyerê bûn û bi kêr û demançeyan li hev xistin. Di şer da gule li Tekin Batan, kurê wî Mehmet Emir Batan (19) û braziyê wî Hasip Batan (41) ket û ew birîndar bûn. Kêr li Adem Ozkaya (27) xistin, Murat Soğut (30) û Halîl Ozkaya (20) jî ji ber '''kutanê''' birîndar bûn.|sernav=Li Îzmirê şer: 2 mirî, 4 birîndar|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/kk/sernav%C3%AAn-roj%C3%AA/li-%C3%AEzmir%C3%AA-ser-2-mir%C3%AE-4-bir%C3%AEndar/593077|malper=aa.com.tr|dîrok=17.06.2016}}
# {{f|ku|biyolojî}} Hemû madde an jî hokarên nexweşiyê yên lawazkirî ji boy avakirina [[bergirî|bergiriya]] destketî di laş de. Bi gelemperî bi [[derzî|derzîkirinê]] kutanê didin laşê mirov.&lt;ref&gt; Gul bijêrî Wişe.Ferhengî Îngilîzî – Kurdî. Emîn Karîm 2012. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Sadallah S&gt; Sadallah S, (2000)Saladin's English-Kurdish Dictionary Ferhenga Îngilîzî-Kurdî ya Selahedîn weşanên avesta Stembol. ISBN: 975-7112-85-2&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{nm|ku|Bi '''kutankirinê''', bersîvdana bergiriya yekem a laş çalak dibe. Di laş de xaneyên bîrker çê dibin. Xaneyên bîrker di nav laş de ji boy egera tûşbûna heman hokara nexweşiyê bo demek dûr û dirêj dijîn. Heke hokara nexweşiyê cara duyem tûşî laş bibe, wê gavê xaneyên bîrker li dij wê, di demek kurt de berevanî ava dikin.}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Dema kesek tê kutan (immunise) ne tenê li berjewendiya wan e lê li berjewendiya her kesiye. Amanca dezgehên tendirûstiyê xwe bigînin nav civakê jibo her kes derziyên '''kutanê''' li zarokên xwe xin.|nivîskar=OLGA KLEPOVA|sernav=Rêberiya Nishtecêbûnê: Yasayên kutanê li Australya|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/language/kurdish/audio/reberiya-nishtecebune-yasayen-kutane-li-australya?language=ku|malper=sbs.com.au|dîrok=29.04.2016}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Dezgeha xêrxwaziya Barzanî bi hemahengî li gel welatê Imaratê zêdetir li heft ton derman û derziyên '''kutanê''' li ser nexwaşxaneyên her sê parêzgeha Hewlêrê û Silêmaniyê û Duhokê dababeş kirin.|sernav=Dezgeha xêrxwaziya Barzanî heft ton derman li ser nexwaşxaneyan dabeş kir|url=http://www.basnews.com/kr/babat/328402|malper=basnews.com|dîrok=05.02.2017}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|lêdan|1}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Klopfen}}, {{W|de|Prügel}} {{nt}}, {{W|de|Schuss}}, {{W|de|Züchtigung}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الضرب}}, {{W|ar|الضربان|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العفج|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|اللكة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|ضربت}}, {{W|fa|مالیدن}}, {{W|fa|ضرب}}, {{W|fa|زدن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|hitting}}, {{W|en|beating}}, {{W|en|bastinado}}, {{W|en|batter}}, {{W|en|coup}}, {{W|en|drub}}, {{W|en|dub}}, {{W|en|pommel}}, {{W|en|saltation}}, {{W|en|slap}}, {{W|en|slapdash}}, {{W|en|slapping}}, {{W|en|spank}}, {{W|en|spanking}}, {{W|en|whack}}, {{W|en|killing}}, {{W|en|skrike}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|çalma}}, {{W|tr|darp}}, {{W|tr|dayak}}, {{W|tr|dövme}}, {{W|tr|dövmek}}, {{W|tr|ekleştirme}}, {{W|tr|işkence}}, {{W|tr|ovalama}}, {{W|tr|patak}}, {{W|tr|şart}}, {{W|tr|tokat}}, {{W|tr|vurma}}, {{W|tr|vuruş}}, {{W|tr|vurgun}}, {{W|tr|vurmak}}, {{W|tr|değnek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|vuru|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|hemû madde an jî hokarên nexweşiyê|2}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|vaccine}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|aşı}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# {{guharto|ku|kotan|w=cihê caneweran}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[zerîle]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>cv33j14czmpvu7j5hxi9jpf32z24rz2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bi cih anîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16773</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291044</id>
      <parentid>6242518</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291044</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1990" sha1="80mco9d3c7lcc3dupr0v24o0pjprleu" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|bicihanîn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-gh|nd=bicihanîn}}
# [[kirin]], [[temam]] kirin, [[dirist]] kirin, &lt;br /&gt;tişta/ê ku divêt bêt kirinê kirin
#: {{nm|ku|Soza xwe '''bi cih anî'''.|Wisan kir wek ku [[soz]] dabû.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hê me karê xwe '''bi cih neaniye'''.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|bi cih hanîn
|bi cih hênan
|bi cih ênan
|bi cih înan
|bi cih hînan
|bi cî anîn
|bi cî hanîn
|bi cî hênan
|bi cî ênan
|bi cî înan
|bi cî hînan
|bi cîh anîn
|bi cîh hanîn
|bi cîh hênan
|bi cîh ênan
|bi cîh înan
|bi cîh hînan
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|bi cih kirin}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[cêbecê kirdin]], [[cîbecî kirdin]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|bicihînayî
|bicihîner
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bi|cih|anîn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|einrichten}}, {{W+|de|exekutieren}}, {{W+|de|organisieren}}, {{W+|de|verüben}}, {{W+|de|vollbringen}}, {{W+|de|vollstrecken}}, {{W+|de|vollziehen}}, {{W+|de|nachkommen}}, {{W+|de|erhören|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|verkraften|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|verrichten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|نفذ}}, {{W+|ar|جرى}}, {{W+|ar|طبق}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|انجامیدن}}, {{W+|fa|بکاربردن}}, {{W-|fa|درخواستن}}, {{W-|fa|شامل شدن}}, {{W+|fa|انجام دادن}}, {{W+|fa|کردن}}, {{W+|fa|اجرا کردن}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|abide}}, to {{W+|en|accomplish}}, to {{W+|en|act}}, to {{W+|en|arrange}}, {{W+|en|execute}}, {{W+|en|meet}}, {{W+|en|organise}}, {{W+|en|organize}}, to {{W+|en|perform}}, {{W+|en|realise}}, {{W+|en|realize}}, {{W+|en|systematise}}, {{W+|en|systematize}}, {{W+|en|carrying out}}, {{W+|en|disposition}}, {{W+|en|enforcement}}, {{W+|en|fulfillment}}, {{W+|en|rendition}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|abide}}, {{W+|tr|ifa etmek}}, {{W+|tr|infaz etmek}}, {{W+|tr|yerine getirmek}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>80mco9d3c7lcc3dupr0v24o0pjprleu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>soz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16778</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291045</id>
      <parentid>6237368</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:09:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291045</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6075" sha1="fhwzpk37fn2pg0npcd7unreubcql6at" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|söz}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|soz}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|soz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[belên|Belên]], [[sond]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Soz''' didim ku ez ê daxwaza te bi cih bînim.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bavo, ma kanî '''soza''' te? Ne te got, em malê bar bikin bajêr, ez ê ji te re bisiklêtekê bikirim?|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# [[pêbawerî|Pêbawerî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Yarên vî zemanî bê'''soz''' in.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ew meyperest meşha û mest cama di dest ferfûr-i bû&lt;br /&gt;Mey ber kefê meşha sefê '''soza''' defê da qerqefê&lt;br /&gt;Husna li dêm wesfan neşêm herçi dibêm jê dûr-i bû}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سۆز}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|soz dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|soz danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sozdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sozberdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sozdanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sozdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêsoz
|bêsozî
|bêsozîtî
|bêsoztî
|bisoz
|bisozî
|bisozîtî
|bisoztî
|dilsoz
|dilsozî
|dilsozîtî
|dilsoztî
|sozdar
|sozdarî
|sozdarîtî
|sozdartî
|sozder
|sozderî
|sozderîtî
|sozdertî
|sozdêr
|sozdêrî
|sozdêrîtî
|sozdêrtî
|sozî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ota|ku|سوز|tr=söz}}, ji {{ji|trk-oat|ku|سوز|tr=söz}}, ji {{ji|trk-pro|ku|*söŕ}}. Hevreha {{hv|az|söz}}, {{hv|uz|so‘z}}, {{hv|kaa|sóz}}, {{hv|kk|сөз}}, {{hv|tt|сүз}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|premtim|n}}, {{W+|sq|zotim|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Versprechen|nt}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|söz}}, {{W-|az|vəd}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|вәғәҙә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|абяца́нне|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|অঙ্গীকার}}, {{W-|bn|প্রতিশ্রুতি}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|обеща́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကတိ}}, {{W+|my|ခံဝန်ချက်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|slib|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|諾言|tr=nuòyán}}, {{W-|cmn|答應|tr=dāying}}, {{W+|cmn|許諾|tr=xǔnuò}}, {{W+|cmn|誓言|tr=shìyán}}, {{W+|cmn|承諾|tr=chéngnuò}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|løfte|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|وَعْد|n}}, {{W-|ar|وَعْدَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|وعد|n|tr=waʕd}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|وَعَد|n|tr=waʕad}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խոստում}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|promeso}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|lubadus}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|ŋugbedodo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|وعده|tr=va'deh}} {{W+|fa|قول|tr=qowl}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|eiti|nt}}, {{W-|fo|lyfti|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lupaus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|vœu|n}}, {{W+|fr|promesse|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|gealltanas|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|დაპირება}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|वचन|n}}, {{W+|hi|शपथ|m}}, {{W+|hi|वादा|n}}, {{W+|hi|सौगन्द}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|panaad}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|belofte|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|הַבְטָחָה|m|tr=havtakhá}}, {{W+|he|נֶדֶר|n|tr=néder}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ġehāt|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|promise}}, {{W+|en|vow}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|promissa}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|gealltanas|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|promessa|m}}, {{W+|it|giuramento|n}}, {{W+|it|voto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|loforð|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|約束|tr=やくそく, yakusoku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|убада}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|පොරොන්දුව}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|wahadi}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|약속}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|prumessa|cuda=prumèssa|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|prōmissum|nt}}, {{W-|la|promissiō|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|solījums|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຄຳສັນຍາ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pažadas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Verspriechen|nt}}, {{W-|lb|Verspriechung|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ветување|nt}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|janji}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|wegħda|m}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|gialdin}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kupu taurangi}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ígéret}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|амлалт}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Verspriäken|nt}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|वचन}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|løfte|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|løfte|nt}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ۋەدە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|vaʼda}}, {{W+|uz|soʻz}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|واده|m|tr=wāda}}, {{W-|ps|وعده|m|tr=wa'da}}, {{W+|ps|ژمنه|m|tr=žmᶕna}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|promëssa|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|obietnica|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|promessa|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|уәде}}, {{W-|kk|уағда}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|promisiune|m}}, {{W+|ro|legământ}}, {{W+|ro|făgăduială|m}}, {{W+|ro|făgăduință|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|обеща́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|प्रतिज्ञा|m}}, {{W+|sa|शपथ|n|m}}, {{W+|sa|वचन|nt}}, {{W+|sa|व्रत|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|promissa|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|обећа́ње|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|obećánje|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|behecht}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|sľub|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|obljuba|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|wacad}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ahadi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|löfte|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ваъда}}, {{W-|tg|қавл}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|pangako}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สัญญา}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఒట్టు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|вәгъдә}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|söz}}, {{W+|tr|vaat}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|wada}}, {{W-|tk|söz}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|promis}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|وعدہ|tr=va'da}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|обіця́нка|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|inpromésa|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lời hứa}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|prom}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|sa-ad}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|addewid|n|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ពាក្យសន្យា}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צוזאָג}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|υπόσχεση|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἐπαγγελία|m}}, {{W-|grc|ὑπόσχεσις|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|promise|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75881054}}</text>
      <sha1>fhwzpk37fn2pg0npcd7unreubcql6at</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>destik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16800</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291046</id>
      <parentid>6242904</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291046</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2282" sha1="9bgwx32fnlizo9vhle4kl2ub98lk4rw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|des|tik}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|destik|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Ew [[cih]]ê tiştekê/î yê ku mirov [[dest]]ê xwe [[avêtin|diavêjiyê]] û pê [[kar]]ekî dike.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Destik'''ê derî.|ew cihê derî yê ku mirov destê xwe diavêjiyê û pê derî vedike|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Destik'''ê bivirî.|ew dera [[bivir]]î ku destê mirovî li ser e dema bivirî bi kar tîne|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Aqilan lê xerab û ebter ke&lt;/br&gt;Her seher ji nû '''destikê''' wergir&lt;/br&gt;'Er'erê têk da seraser ke}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ده‌ستك}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|desik
|desk
|destk
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|serik}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|destik kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|destikkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|destikkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dest|-ik}}, ji {{ji|ira}}, [[hevreh]]a soranî {{g|ckb|ده‌سک|tr=desk}}, belûçî {{g|bal|دستگ|tr=desteg}}, farisî {{g|fa|دسته|tr=destê}} ji [[dest]]. Bi heman awayî bi zimanên cermenî jî: îngilîzî [[hand]] (dest) &gt; [[handle]] (destik).

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Dutzend|n}}, {{W|de|Henkel|m}}, {{W|de|Handgriff|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الشرج|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العروة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العصام|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الواسطة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الید|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دستگیره}}, {{W+|fa|دستگیره}}, {{W+|fa|ساقه}}, {{W+|fa|واسطه}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|poignée}}, {{W+|fr|manche}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|handvat}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|handle}}, {{W+|en|helve}}, {{W+|en|stalk}}, {{W+|en|grip|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gromet|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|handgrip|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|outrigger|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pointer|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tab|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tappet|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|hand-grip|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|handie|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|hasp|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|hilt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kol}}, {{W+|tr|tutamak}}, {{W+|tr|kabza}}, {{W+|tr|kulp}}, {{W+|tr|sap}}, {{W+|tr|tutak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|dibek kolu|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9bgwx32fnlizo9vhle4kl2ub98lk4rw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17125</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291047</id>
      <parentid>6283844</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291047</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4730" sha1="9o6sab83vyvp7f22nwv8ekr8wr5n3fw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|k(')ul}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-kul.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{k-ya nerm}}
# [[bakterî|Bakterî]] û [[mîkrob]]ên [[xirab]] ketin [[leş]]î.
#: {{hevmane|ku|iltihab|enflamasyon}} 
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[birîn|Birîn]]a ku di [[laş]] de bi [[sedem]]ên [[hundur]]în [[şên]] hatiye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|êş|jan|azar|nesaxî|nexweşî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Evîn '''kul'''a dilî ye;&lt;br&gt;'''kul''' û birîn.}}
# [[leng]], [[kulek]], [[kuloke]], [[qot]], [[kût]], kesê ku ji sedema lingek an her du linên wî bi gospe û terabe ne, nikane bidirûstî birê biçe
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[derd]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kula''' te çîye?}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[biêş]], [[jandar]], [[biazar]], [[nesax]], [[nexweş]]
#: {{nm|ku|Lingê min '''kul''' e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|کول}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Dikêşim jan û derda&lt;br /&gt;Lew min birin di '''kul''' bû&lt;br /&gt;Ji werdan ez bi êş im}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|kal
|kel
|kêl
|kil
|kol
|kull
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kul bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kul kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;

|kulbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kulkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;

|kulbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kulkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kulandin
|kulek
|kulekî
|kuliyayî
|kulî
|kulîn
|kula ser kul
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Entzündung|f}}, {{W|de|Blessur|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Schaden|m|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Verletzung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|zánět|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|betændelse}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[التهاب]] (iltihab), {{W|ar|قرحة}}, {{W|ar|الطاعون|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|բորբոքում}} (borbok’um)
* {{Z|fa}}: [[التهاب]] (iltihab), {{W|fa|باک|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|حسرت|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|دسترنج|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|زخم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|tulehdus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|inflammation}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|דלקת}} (daléket)
* {{Z|en}}:  {{W|en|sore}}, {{W|en|blister}}, {{W|en|combed|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|cripple|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|drown|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|inflammation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|ulcer|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|woe|guman=erê}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W|cmn|炎症}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|bólga}}, {{W|is|þroti}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|炎症|tr=えんしょう, enshō}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|inflamació}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|염증}} ({{W+|ko|炎症}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|radang}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W|gv|ard-lossey}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|gyulladás}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|воспаление}} (vospalénije)
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|zápal}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|inflamación}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|iltihap}}, {{W|tr|acı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ağrı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|azap|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|bertik|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ceriha|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|çakma|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ıstırap|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ızdırap|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kıran|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|koşam|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|küt|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sızı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|şerha|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ukde|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ülser|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φλεγμονή}} (flegmoní)
{{werger-bin}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}
# [[hemû]], [[gişt]], [[tev]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kull}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|كل|tr=kull}}, [[hevreh]]a aramî [[כלל]] (kull), îbrî [[כלל]] (kull), akadî ''kelalu''.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kuliyat
|kuliye
|kuliyen
|kulî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|all}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|tüm}}, {{W|tr|hepsi}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|xrn}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|xrn}}
# {{mijar|xrn|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}
#* {{bênimûne|xrn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|xrn|av/Werger}}

== {{ziman|da}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|da|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|rejî}}, {{g|ku|komir}}
#* {{bênimûne|da}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|da|rejî}}

== {{ziman|hac}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|hac}}
# {{bnr2|kull}}

== {{ziman|uz}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|uz}}
# {{g|ku|xwelî}}
#* {{bênimûne|uz}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|uz|xwelî}}

== {{ziman|so}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|so}}
# {{g|ku|kel}}, {{g|ku|germ}}, zêde germ
#* {{bênimûne|so}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|so|germ}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-kul.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[benî]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[bende]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[hulk]], [[evd]], [[hulûlk]], [[qûl]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>9o6sab83vyvp7f22nwv8ekr8wr5n3fw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qelp</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17167</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291048</id>
      <parentid>6262746</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291048</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4161" sha1="eidoyyiuw7vq2nuq1iozgry7rm13py4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-qelp.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Kigelia africana Bark.jpg|thumb|Qelpên '''darekê'''.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[beş|Beş]]a [[req]] ya tiştek ya bi ser di hin tiştan ve daku [[nav]]a wan [[parastin|biparêze]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Qelpê''' hêkê.|beşa hêkê ya req ya jê têt vekirin|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Weyla, ko ne qabilê cefa yî&lt;/br&gt;Qelp î, dexel î, bi dil neyar î&lt;/br&gt;Pir çîl û çep î, xerab û xwar î}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|qalp
|qelip
|qelpîçik
}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|قه‌لپ}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|qelb}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|kevil
|kevl
|kevlan
|kevlank
|qalik
|qalk
|qaşil
|qaşl
|tîvil
|tîvl
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji zimanekî [[samî]], bo nimûne ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܩܠܦ}} (q-l-p-: qelp; qelp ji ser vekirin), têkilî [[ܩܠܦܬܐ]] (qelafta), [[hevreh]]a îbrî [[קלף]] (qelef) û [[קלפה]] (qelippa), erebî {{g|ar|قلف}} (qilf) û {{g|ar|قلافة}} (qilafte). Peyva aramî ketiye ermenî jî: [[կեղեւ]] (kêłêw).

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qelpandin
|qelpandî
|qelpik
|qelpikan
|qelpikayî
|qelpikandin
|qelpikiyayî
|qelpikîn
|qelpîn
|qeliyayî
|qelpok
|qelpokî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|skil}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Rinde}}, {{W+|de|Baumrinde}}, {{W+|de|Borke}}, {{W+|de|fälschlich|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bark}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|kulit kayu}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|لحاء}}, {{W-|ar|القشر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|القشرة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: [[կեղև]] (kêłêw)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ŝelo}}, {{W+|eo|arboŝelo}} (1)
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|børkur}}, {{W-|fo|skel}}, {{W+|fo|skal}}, {{W-|fo|flus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuori}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|écorce}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|ʻili lāʻau}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|dop}}, {{W+|nl|schaal}}, {{W+|nl|schil}}, {{W+|nl|schors}}, {{W+|nl|boomschors}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|kortico}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bark}}, {{W+|en|rind}}, {{W+|en|peel}}, {{W+|en|husk}}, {{W+|en|counterfeit|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|back-|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|forged|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pseudo-|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|snide|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gold brick|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|goldbrick|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|untrue|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|shell|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|spurious|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|pelle|f}}, {{W+|it|buccia}}, {{W+|it|corteccia}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|börkur|m}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|carcassa}}, {{W+|ca|clofolla}}, {{W+|ca|closca}}, {{W+|ca|crosta}}, {{W+|ca|cuirassa}}, {{W+|ca|escorça}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|cortex}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|sool}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|casca}}, {{W+|pt|crosta}}, {{W+|pt|folheto}}, {{W+|pt|côdea}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|кора}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|buba}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|corteza}}, {{W+|es|cáscara}}, {{W+|es|piel}}, {{W+|es|casco}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ganda}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bark}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kof|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φλοιός}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[sexte|Sexte]], [[mizewir]], [[ne resen]], ne [[heqîqî]], ne [[orîjînal]], ne [[eslî]], [[çêkirok]], ne ya / yê [[rast]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|qalp
|qelip
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|qelb}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qelp bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qelp kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qelpbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qelpkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qelpbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qelpkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha tirkî ''[[kalp]]'', herdu ji {{ji|ar}} ji rehê {{g|ar|قلب}} (q-l-b-: [[guherandin]]) ku serekaniya {{g|ar|قلب}} (qelebe: [[qulipandin]], [[qelibandin]], [[wergerrandin]], [[guherandin]]). Ji heman rehî: [[qelib]], [[qelibandin]], [[qelibîn]], [[qulp]], [[qulipandin]], [[qulipîn]]...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|زائف}}, {{W-|ar|مزيف}}, {{W-|ar|غلط}}, {{W-|ar|خطأ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|false}}, {{W+|en|fake}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sahte}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>eidoyyiuw7vq2nuq1iozgry7rm13py4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>holendî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17297</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291049</id>
      <parentid>6248873</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291049</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6199" sha1="eaf69iz0mwkwk1lltdpvme3718233qn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|holendî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|ziman}} [[ziman]]ê [[Holenda]]yê &lt;br&gt;(ku [[ziman]]ek [[cermenî]] ye û [[ji bilî]] Holendayê herwiha bi taybetî li [[Belçîka]]yê jî têt [[peyivîn]])
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|holandayî
|holandeyî
|holandî
|holendayî
|holendeyî
|hollandayî
|hollandeyî
|hollandî
|hollendayî
|hollendeyî
|hollendî
|holindayî
|holindeyî
|holindî
|hollindayî
|hollindeyî
|hollindî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|Holenda|-î}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|holendîtî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|zimanê Holendayê}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|Nederlands}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|Hollandisht}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Niederländisch|n}}, {{W|de|Holländisch|n}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|olandés}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W|ast|Holandés|m}}, {{W|ast|holandesa|f}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|Нидерланд}}
* {{Z|eu}}: [[Nederlandera]] [[Holandera]]
* {{Z|be}}: [[Галяндзкай]] [[Галяндзкая]] [[Галанская]]
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|Nederlandeg}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|Холандски}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|nizozemština|f}}, {{W|cs|holandština|f}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W+|chr|ᏁᏓᎳ}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|荷兰语}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|Nederlandsk}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bahasa Belanda}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|هولندية}}
* {{Z|hy}}: [[Հոլանդական]] [[Հոլանդերեն]]
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|Nederlanda}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|hollandi keel}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|هلندى}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|Hollendskt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hollanti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|néerlandais|m}}, {{W|fr|hollandais|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|Nederlânsk}}, {{W+|fy|Hollânsk}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|Neerlandés}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|ડચ}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ჰოლანდიური}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|डच}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|Nederlands|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|הולנדית}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|Niðerlandisc sprǽc}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Dutch}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|hollandese}}, {{W+|ia|nederlandese}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|Ollainnis}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|olandese}}
* {{Z|ja}}: :: {{ja-ka}}: [[オランダ語]]
:: {{ja-ro}}: [[oranda-go]]
* {{Z|ca}}: [[holandès]] ([[neerlandès]])
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|Ulanda simi}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|네델란드어}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W+|kw|Iseldiryek}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|holandiešu}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|Olandų}}, {{W+|lt|Olandiškai}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|Холандски}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|Bahasa Belanda}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|Olandiż}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|Tatimana}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|holland}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W+|mdf|Голандонь}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|Голланд}}, {{W+|mn|Голланди}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Nedderlandsch}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|डच}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|nederlandsk}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|Neerlandès}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|hulandes}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|holandês}}, {{W+|pt|neerlandês}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|olandeză|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|нидерландский}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W+|ceb|Olandes}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|olandisi}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|Nizozemski}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|Холандски}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|Holandský}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|nizozemščina|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|holandés|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|nederländska}}, {{W+|sv|holländska}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|нидерландӣ}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|டட்ச்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ภาษาฮอลันดา}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|Голланд}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|Hollandaca}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|ڈچ}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|нідерландська}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|Tiếng Hà-Lan}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|Iseldireg}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ភាសាហុលឍង់េដ}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W+|xh|Holani}}
* {{Z|el}}: [[Ολλανδικά]]  {{p}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|Isiholandi}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|holendî|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[welatî|welatiya/ê]] [[Holenda]]yê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# kesa/ê ji [[Holenda]]yê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|xelkê Holendayê}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Niederländer|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|nederlænder}}
* {{Z|fr}}: [[Néerlandais]]  [[, ]] [[Hollandais]]
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|Nederlanner}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|Nederlander}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Dutchman}}, {{W+|en|Netherlander}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|Olandese}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|nederlender}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|Ulandes}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|Nizozemec|m}}
* {{Z|hsb}}: {{W+|hsb|Nižozemjan}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|neerlandés}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|nederländare}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W|uk|нідерландець|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{bend}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku|form=-}}
# tişta/ê [[Holenda]]yê, holendiyan yan zimanê wan
#: {{nm|ku|Rojnameyên '''holendî''' dinivîsin ku...}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|niederländisch}}, {{W+|de|holländisch}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|olandés}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|nizozemský|m}}, {{W|cs|nizozemská|f}}, [[nizozemské]]; [[holandský]] {{m}}, {{W|cs|holandská|f}}, {{W|cs|holandské|n}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|Nederlanda}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hollantilainen}}, {{W+|fi|alankomaalainen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|néerlandais}}, {{W+|fr|hollandais}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|Nederlânsk}}, {{W+|fy|Hollânsk}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Dutch}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|hollandese}}, {{W+|ia|nederlandese}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[オランダの]] (oranda-no)
* {{Z|ca}}: [[holandès]] [[neerlandès]], [[holandesa]] [[neerlandesa]]
* {{zh}}：[[荷兰的]]
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|holland}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|nederlandsk}}, {{W+|no|hollandsk}}
* [[Perzisch]]: [[هلندي]] (Holandi)
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|holandês}}, {{W+|pt|neerlandês}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|olandez|m}}, {{W|ro|olandeză|f}}, [[olandezi]] ''m pl'', [[olandeze]] ''f pl''
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|nizozemski|m}}, {{W|sl|nizozemska|f}}, [[nizozemsko]] ;
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|holandés}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|holländsk}}, {{W+|sv|nederländsk}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|Hollandalı}}, Hollanda'ya ilişkin, Hollanda ile ilgili
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|Ολλανδικός|m}}, {{W|el|Ολλανδική|f}}, {{W|el|Ολλανδικό|n}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>eaf69iz0mwkwk1lltdpvme3718233qn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nîç kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17365</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291050</id>
      <parentid>6097748</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291050</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="727" sha1="mwkr9xb2wqrl660uetrwtvb6c68objz" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|nîçkirin}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|nîç kirin|form=gerguhêz|niha=k|borî=kir|pêşgir=nîç|valahî=erê}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh}}
# Bi [[car]]ekê [[hemû]] [[vexwarin]], bi [[lez]] [[xilas]] kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Perdaq da ser devê xwe û bi carekê '''nîç kir'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Qedeha dawîn da dagirtin û bi carekê nîv jê '''nîç kir'''. Çavên xwe gerandin lê ji bilî xwe û berdestkekî li nêzî xwe kes nedît.|Reûf Bêgerd: ''Mirina helbestvanekî'', wergerrandin ji soranî: Husein Muhammed, Nefel.com, 10/2009}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|nîç|kirin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>mwkr9xb2wqrl660uetrwtvb6c68objz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>herimîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17404</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291051</id>
      <parentid>6290324</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291051</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1570" sha1="jld3m7jvkelszzq31fw8g9szbgzuqo3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/hɛrɪˈmiːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|herimîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=herim|borî=herimî}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}}
# [[lewitîn]], [[tewizîn]], [[tewirîn]], [[pîs]] bûn, [[heram]] bûn
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# '''xew lê herimîn''': [[êdî]] [[xew]] ne[[hatin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez li qerebalixa wan şiyar bûm û xew li min '''herimî'''.|Êdî min [[karîn|nekarî]] [[nivistin|binivim]].}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|heriman
|herimîn
|herimiyan
|herimîyan
|herimyan
|herriman
|herrimiyan
|herrimîyan
|herrimyan
|ḧeriman
|ḧerimîn
|ḧerimiyan
|ḧerimîn
|ḧerimîyan
|ḧerimyan
|ḧerriman
|ḧerrimiyan
|ḧerrimîn
|ḧerrimîyan
|ḧerrimyan
}}

==== Tewîn ====
* -herim-

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|herimandin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|heram|-în}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|herimiyayî}}
* {{g|ku|herimî}}
* {{g|ku|herimok}}
* {{g|ku|herimokî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Verschmutzung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Verunreinigung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حرم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بدشدن}}, {{W+|fa|حرام شدن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|pollution|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|batma}}, {{W+|tr|batmak}}, {{W+|tr|berbat olmak}}, {{W+|tr|boklanmak}}, {{W+|tr|boklaşmak}}, {{W+|tr|haram olmak}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|herimîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{r-ya req}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jld3m7jvkelszzq31fw8g9szbgzuqo3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>durd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17661</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291052</id>
      <parentid>6280517</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291052</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1763" sha1="ouj1qi9wfp9ia4qz3adg4bwkj2gph1f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/dʊɾd/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|durd|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[gerode|Gerode]], [[pegir]], [[tilp]], [[xilte]], [[tort]],&lt;br&gt; [[qirş]]ikên [[man|dimînin]] di [[bin]]ê [[aman]]ek [[şile]]yê de.
#: {{nm|ku|Çay û gerodeya wê jî ji binê perdaqê nîç kir.}}
# [[av|Av]]a ji ber tiştekê/î maye (bi taybetî ya [[pîs]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Mizgîn û beşareta wefayê&lt;br /&gt;Nageh bigihîte wan ji '''durd'''an&lt;br /&gt;Azade bikit ewan ji derdan}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|dird}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|durd girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|durdgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|durdandin
|durdik
|durdî
|durdîn
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|derd
|durh
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Satz}}, {{W|de|Ansatz}}, {{W|de|Ablagerung}}, {{W|de|Ablagerung|m}}, {{W|de|Bodensatz|n}}, {{W|de|Sediment|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: (juoman) [[sakka]], [[poro]]t
* {{Z|fr}}: [[résidu]] ''nêr'', [[lie]] ''mê'', [[dépôt]] ''nêr''
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|dregs}}, {{W|en|sediment}}, {{W|en|recrement}}, {{W|en|residuum}}
* {{Z|it}}: [[fondo]] ''nêr''
* {{Z|ru}}: [[осадок]], [[отстой]]
* {{Z|es}}: [[sedimento]] ''nêr'', [[depósito]] ''nêr'', [[poso]] ''nêr'', [[hece]] ''mê-[[pj]]''
* {{Z|sv}}: [[bottensats]] ''(-en,-er,-erna)'', [[drägg]] ''(-en,-,-)'', [[grums]] ''(-et,-,-)'', [[grummel]] ''(grumlet,-,-)''
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|çökel}}, {{W|tr|çökelti}}, {{W|tr|posa}}, {{W|tr|tortu}}, {{W|tr|tevle}}, {{W|tr|tortu}}, {{W|tr|toput}}, {{W|tr|telve|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|süzüntü|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ouj1qi9wfp9ia4qz3adg4bwkj2gph1f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berhem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290857</id>
      <parentid>6119878</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:44:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Etîmolojî */</comment>
      <origin>6290857</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3538" sha1="kqxqvopl8zg86l9icmxnzzk4o1eevp9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-berhem.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|berhem|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[encam|Encam]]a [[kar]]ekî; tiştê hatiye çêkirin yan çêbûye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|ber|eser}}
#: {{mk|ku|Îsal zeviyên me '''berhemek''' baş daye.}}
#: {{mk|ku|Ev [[CD]] sêyem '''berhema''' hunermendê ye.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Hunermendek dema berhema xwe ava dike ne mumkune ku raman û helwestên xwe jî nexe di nav wê '''berhemê''' de ji ber vê yekê em nikarin '''berhemekê''' ji nivîskarê wê cuda bigirin.|nivîskar=[[w:Reşît Rojdar Yildiz|Reşît Rojdar Yildiz]]|sal=2015|sernav=Di Helbestên Melayê Bateyî de Evîn û Hezkirin|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/220241|weşanxane=Bingöl Üniversitesi Yaşayan Diller Enstitüsü Dergisi}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gelekan ji wan zû de hevdu nedîtibûn, loma wan li kar û mijûliyên hev dipirsîn, guhertinên ku di wan de bûbûn meraq dikirin, gazin ji jiyana sirgûnê û têkiliyên sar ên ku '''berhemên''' jiyana sirgûnê ne dikirin. Heta ku hebekî xilbexilba wan kêm bû min ji wan daxwaz kir ku ew rabin û ji xwe re xwarinê bînin.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Payiza Dereng|weşanxane={{w|Avesta}}|sal=2014|r=16}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌رهه‌م}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêberhem
|bêberhemî
|bêberhemîtî
|bêberhemtî
|biberhem
|biberhemî
|biberhemîtî
|biberhemtî
|berhemdar
|berhemdarî
|berhemdarîtî
|berhemdartî
|berhemder
|berhemderî
|berhemderîtî
|berhemdertî
|berhemdêr
|berhemdêrî
|berhemdêrîtî
|berhemdêrtî
|berhemî
|berhem dan&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|berhemdan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|berhemdayî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Vê dawiyê bi riya medyayê ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|به‌رهه‌م}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Produkt|nt}}, {{W+|de|Erzeugnis|nt}}, {{W-|de|des ~ses)''}}, {{W+|de|Arbeit|m}}, {{W+|de|Fabrikat|nt}}, {{W+|de|Erlös|n}}, {{W+|de|Schrift|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُنْتَج}}, {{W-|ar|حاصِل}}, {{W-|ar|نِتاج}}, {{W-|ar|ثمار}}, {{W-|ar|إنتاجية}}, {{W-|ar|إنتاج}}, {{W+|ar|صنع}}, {{W-|ar|إخراج}}, {{W-|ar|صناعة}}, {{W+|ar|كتاب}}, {{W-|ar|الجني|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الحصاد|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الطلحة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النتاج|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|ثمر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|حاصل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اثر}}, {{W+|fa|مجموعه}}, {{W+|fa|محصول}}, {{W+|fa|درو|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tuote}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|produit|n}}, {{W+|fr|article|n}}, {{W+|fr|oeuvre|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|productie}}, {{W+|nl|afzet}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|product}}, {{W+|en|manufacture}}, {{W+|en|offering}}, {{W+|en|produce}}, {{W+|en|fruit}}, {{W+|en|harvest}}, {{W+|en|article}}, {{W+|en|meal}}, {{W+|en|opus}}, {{W+|en|production}}, {{W+|en|products}}, {{W+|en|vestige}}, {{W+|en|work}}, {{W+|en|yield}}, {{W+|en|output|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|outturn|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|prodotto|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|продукт}}, {{W+|ru|изделие}}, {{W+|ru|произведение}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|producto|n}}, {{W+|es|artículo|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|produkt}} ''(-en, {{W+|sv|-er}}, {{W+|sv|-erna}})'', [[alster]] ''({{W+|sv|alstret}}, {{W+|sv|alstren}})''
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ürün}}, {{W+|tr|eser}}, {{W+|tr|hâsılat}}, {{W+|tr|mahsul}}, {{W+|tr|semere}}, {{W+|tr|yapıt}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>kqxqvopl8zg86l9icmxnzzk4o1eevp9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290858</id>
      <parentid>6290857</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:44:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Etîmolojî */</comment>
      <origin>6290858</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3581" sha1="i7uucvfxmo0qnqiqc3nicit1e2mr5ii" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-berhem.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|berhem|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[encam|Encam]]a [[kar]]ekî; tiştê hatiye çêkirin yan çêbûye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|ber|eser}}
#: {{mk|ku|Îsal zeviyên me '''berhemek''' baş daye.}}
#: {{mk|ku|Ev [[CD]] sêyem '''berhema''' hunermendê ye.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Hunermendek dema berhema xwe ava dike ne mumkune ku raman û helwestên xwe jî nexe di nav wê '''berhemê''' de ji ber vê yekê em nikarin '''berhemekê''' ji nivîskarê wê cuda bigirin.|nivîskar=[[w:Reşît Rojdar Yildiz|Reşît Rojdar Yildiz]]|sal=2015|sernav=Di Helbestên Melayê Bateyî de Evîn û Hezkirin|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/220241|weşanxane=Bingöl Üniversitesi Yaşayan Diller Enstitüsü Dergisi}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gelekan ji wan zû de hevdu nedîtibûn, loma wan li kar û mijûliyên hev dipirsîn, guhertinên ku di wan de bûbûn meraq dikirin, gazin ji jiyana sirgûnê û têkiliyên sar ên ku '''berhemên''' jiyana sirgûnê ne dikirin. Heta ku hebekî xilbexilba wan kêm bû min ji wan daxwaz kir ku ew rabin û ji xwe re xwarinê bînin.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Payiza Dereng|weşanxane={{w|Avesta}}|sal=2014|r=16}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌رهه‌م}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêberhem
|bêberhemî
|bêberhemîtî
|bêberhemtî
|biberhem
|biberhemî
|biberhemîtî
|biberhemtî
|berhemdar
|berhemdarî
|berhemdarîtî
|berhemdartî
|berhemder
|berhemderî
|berhemderîtî
|berhemdertî
|berhemdêr
|berhemdêrî
|berhemdêrîtî
|berhemdêrtî
|berhemî
|berhem dan&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|berhemdan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|berhemdayî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Vê dawiyê bi riya medyayê ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|به‌رهه‌م}}.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{Chyet|r=41}}
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Produkt|nt}}, {{W+|de|Erzeugnis|nt}}, {{W-|de|des ~ses)''}}, {{W+|de|Arbeit|m}}, {{W+|de|Fabrikat|nt}}, {{W+|de|Erlös|n}}, {{W+|de|Schrift|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُنْتَج}}, {{W-|ar|حاصِل}}, {{W-|ar|نِتاج}}, {{W-|ar|ثمار}}, {{W-|ar|إنتاجية}}, {{W-|ar|إنتاج}}, {{W+|ar|صنع}}, {{W-|ar|إخراج}}, {{W-|ar|صناعة}}, {{W+|ar|كتاب}}, {{W-|ar|الجني|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الحصاد|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الطلحة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النتاج|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|ثمر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|حاصل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اثر}}, {{W+|fa|مجموعه}}, {{W+|fa|محصول}}, {{W+|fa|درو|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tuote}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|produit|n}}, {{W+|fr|article|n}}, {{W+|fr|oeuvre|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|productie}}, {{W+|nl|afzet}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|product}}, {{W+|en|manufacture}}, {{W+|en|offering}}, {{W+|en|produce}}, {{W+|en|fruit}}, {{W+|en|harvest}}, {{W+|en|article}}, {{W+|en|meal}}, {{W+|en|opus}}, {{W+|en|production}}, {{W+|en|products}}, {{W+|en|vestige}}, {{W+|en|work}}, {{W+|en|yield}}, {{W+|en|output|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|outturn|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|prodotto|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|продукт}}, {{W+|ru|изделие}}, {{W+|ru|произведение}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|producto|n}}, {{W+|es|artículo|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|produkt}} ''(-en, {{W+|sv|-er}}, {{W+|sv|-erna}})'', [[alster]] ''({{W+|sv|alstret}}, {{W+|sv|alstren}})''
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ürün}}, {{W+|tr|eser}}, {{W+|tr|hâsılat}}, {{W+|tr|mahsul}}, {{W+|tr|semere}}, {{W+|tr|yapıt}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>i7uucvfxmo0qnqiqc3nicit1e2mr5ii</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dûman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17886</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291053</id>
      <parentid>6262520</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291053</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2317" sha1="9xg1ocp7qa2w8cfuzftkio6u97howwc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/duːˈmɑːn/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-dûman.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dûman|mê}}
[[Wêne:Ognisko ubt 0126.jpeg|thumb|250px|dûman]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[mij]], [[moran]], [[tem]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[dûkêl]], [[dûxan]], [[dû]], &lt;br&gt;[[toz]]a yan [[ba]]yê ji [[agir]]î [[hilketin|hildikeve]]
#: {{nm|ku|Dûmana cigareya wî dihat min.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دوومان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|dîman
|dwîman
|dû
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêdûman
|bêdûmanî
|bêdûmanîtî
|bêdûmantî
|bidûman
|bidûmanî
|bidûmanîtî
|bidûmantî
|dûmandar
|dûmandarî
|dûmandarîtî
|dûmandartî
|dûmander
|dûmanderî
|dûmanderîtî
|dûmandertî
|dûmandêr
|dûmandêrî
|dûmandêrîtî
|dûmandêrtî
|dûmanî
|dûmanker
|dûman kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dûman girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dûmankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dûmangirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dûmankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|tr|ku|duman}}{{eref|{{Chyet}}}} ji tirkiya kevn [[tuman]] ku belkî herwiha serekaniya peyva [[tem]] ya soranî be jî ku van salan bi rêya nivîsînê ketiye kurmancî jî. [[dûman|Dûman]] tenê di kurdî de li deverên nêzîkî tirkî heye, di zaravayên din yên kurdî yan zimanên din yên îranî de peyda nabe. Tevî ku &quot;dû-&quot; wek ji &quot;[[dû]]&quot; ([[dûkêl]]) be jî, ne ji wê ye ji ber ku peyva &quot;duman&quot; di piraniya zimanên tirkî de heye: azerî, tirkmenistanî, gagawzî... Ne ji proto-hindûewropî ''[[*dʰuh₂mós]]'' e çunkî eger ji wê bûya, divê M di kurmancî de bûba V.

{{çavkanî-etîm}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Rauch|m}}, {{W|de|Qualm|m}}, {{W|de|Sprit|m}}, {{W|de|Schwüle}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[دخان|دُخَان]] (duxan), {{W|ar|ضباب}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[دود]] (dûd), {{W+|fa|مه}}, {{W+|fa|میغ}}, {{W+|fa|دود آتش}}, {{W+|fa|غبار غلیظ}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|savu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|fumée|f}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fumes}}, {{W+|en|smoke}}, {{W+|en|fog}}, {{W+|en|capno-}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|fumo|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|дым}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|humo|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|rök}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|duman}}, {{W+|tr|tozuntu}}, {{W+|tr|katarakt}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9xg1ocp7qa2w8cfuzftkio6u97howwc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18098</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291054</id>
      <parentid>6262199</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291054</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6601" sha1="pciqu79rl0tvpu4zow15lxmu481yy1g" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{beş|Navdêr}} {{IPA|ku|/tˤɑ:m/}}, طام
* {{beş|Hoker}} {{IPA|ku|/tʰɑ:m/}}, تام

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Alexander_Coosemans_-_Still_life_with_fruit.jpg|thumb|'''tama''' mêweyê geh şîrîn e, geh tirş e]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hest|Hest]]a bi [[ziman]]î têt [[seh|sehkirin]]; wek [[şîrînî]], [[talî]], [[tûjî]], [[sûrî]], [[bêxwêtî]] û [[tirşî]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|çêj}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[team|Team]], [[xwarin]], [[lezet]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[tovî|Tovî]], [[fehlî]], [[kelî]],[[toxm]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Camek ji meya te duh digêra&lt;/br&gt;Her cur'eyekê ejê bikim '''tam'''&lt;/br&gt;Yek neş'e bes e heta serencam}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|تام}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|taem
|tahm
|tehm
|te'm
|ti'm
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|tim
|tîm
|tum
}}

==== Binere herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|am
|cam
|çam
|dam
|kam
|lam
|mam
|nam
|sam
|Şam
|zam
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tam jê hatin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tam kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tamjêhatin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tamkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tamjêhatî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tamkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêtam
|bêtamî
|bêtamîtî
|bêtamtî
|bitam
|bitamî
|bitamîtî
|bitamtî
|tamandin
|tamandî
|tamdar
|tamdarî
|tamdarîtî
|tamdartî
|tamder
|tamderî
|tamderîtî
|tamdertî
|tamdêr
|tamdêrî
|tamdêrîtî
|tamdêrtî
|tamijandin
|tamijandî
|tamijiyayî
|tamijî
|tamijîn
|tamijîner
|tamijok
|tamî
|tamker
|tamsar
|tamsarî
|tamsarîtî
|tamsartî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طعم|tr=ṭe'm}}, [[hevreh]]a aramî {{g|arc|ܛܥܡܐ}} (ṭe'ma), îbrî {{g|he|טעם|tr=ṭe'em}}. Ji eynî rehî: [[team]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Geschmack|m}}, {{W+|de|exakt}}, {{W+|de|perfekt}}, {{W+|de|präzis}}, {{W+|de|vollkommen}}, {{W+|de|völlig}}, {{W+|de|ganz}}, {{W+|de|genau}}, {{W-|de|vollzählig|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Entzückung|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Geschmack|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[味道]] (wèidào)
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|طعم}}, {{W-|ar|تماماً}}, {{W+|ar|ذوق|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الزوق|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|اللذاذة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|اللذة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المقطم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النكهة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|بدون نقص|guman=erê}}, {{W-|fa|بی اشتباه|guman=erê}}, {{W-|fa|بی خطا|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|بی عیب|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|چشایی|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|دقیق|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|ذائقه|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|سلیقه|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|طعم|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|مزه|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|maku}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|goût|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|smaak}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|taste}}, {{W+|en|joy}}, {{W+|en|excitement}}, {{W+|en|exactly}}, {{W+|en|perfectly}}, {{W+|en|flavor|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|just|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|savor|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|savour|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|twang|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|zest|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|total|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|flavour|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|flavouring|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gusto|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|relish|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sapidness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sapor|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|gusto|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[味覚]] ([[みかく、]] [[mikaku]]), [[味]] ([[あじ、]] [[aji]])
* {{Z|ko}}: [[맛]] (mat)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|gustus|m}}
* mecarî: [[íz]], [[ízlés]]
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|gosto|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|gust}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[вкус]] [[vkus]]
* slovenî: [[okus]]
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|gusto|m}}, {{W+|es|sabor}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|smak}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tat}}, {{W+|tr|çeşni}}, {{W+|tr|itiş}}, {{W+|tr|itme}}, {{W+|tr|lezzet}}, {{W+|tr|tadım}}, {{W+|tr|yeme}}, {{W+|tr|zevk}}, {{W-|tr|elifi elifine|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|sapına kadar|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tad|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|büsbütün|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|domuzuna|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|iyice|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|iyicene|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|katıksız|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}

# Ne [[kêm]]tir yan [[zêde]]tir.
#: {{hevmane|ku|rast|temam|kamil|bêkêmasî|giş|tev|hemû}}
#: {{nm|ku|Em '''tam''' seet 10 gihaştin wê derê.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|تام|tr=tamm}}, [[hevreh]]a [[temam]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|كل}}, {{W-|ar|جميع}}, {{W-|ar|كامل}}, {{W-|ar|تام}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|whole}}, {{W+|en|full}}, {{W+|en|complete}}, {{W+|en|exact}}, {{W+|en|precise}}, {{W+|en|integral}}, {{W+|en|perfect}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tam}}, {{W+|tr|eksiksiz}}, {{W+|tr|kesintisiz}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|az}}
# {{g|ku|tijî}}, {{g|ku|dagirtî}}
#* {{bêmînak|az}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|tijî}}

== {{ziman|cs}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|cs}}
# [[wir]], [[wê]] [[der]]ê, [[ew]] [[cih]]
#* {{bêmînak|cs}}

== {{ziman|cwg}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|cwg}}
# {{mijar|cwg|vexwarin}} {{g|ku|av}}
#* {{bêmînak|cwg}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|cwg|av/Werger}}

== {{ziman|nl}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|nl}}
# [[kedî]], ne [[kûvî]]
#* {{bêmînak|nl}}

== {{ziman|csb}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|csb}}
# {{g|ku|li wir}}, {{g|ku|li wê derê}}
#* {{bêmînak|csb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|csb|li wir}}

== {{ziman|la}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|la}}
# {{g|ku|ewqas}}, {{g|ku|hind}}
#* {{bêmînak|la}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|la|ewqas}}

== {{ziman|pl}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|pl|LL-Q809 (pol)-Krokus-tam.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|pl|LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-tam.wav|Deng|dever=Będzin, Polonya}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|pl}}
# [[wir]], [[wê]] [[der]]ê, [[ew]] [[cih]]
#* {{bêmînak|pl}}

== {{ziman|sk}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|sk}}
# [[wir]], [[wê]] [[der]]ê, [[ew]] [[cih]]
#* {{bêmînak|sk}}

== {{ziman|sl}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|sl|tàm}}
# {{g|ku|li wir}}, {{g|ku|li wê derê}}
#* {{bêmînak|sl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sl|li wir}}

== {{ziman|dsb}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|dsb}}
# {{g|ku|li wir}}, {{g|ku|li wê derê}}
#* {{bêmînak|dsb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|dsb|li wir}}

== {{ziman|hsb}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|hsb}}
# {{g|ku|li wir}}, {{g|ku|li wê derê}}
#* {{bêmînak|hsb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|hsb|li wir}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|tr}}
# [[temam]], [[tam#Kurdish|tam]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|tr}}
# [[temam]], [[tam#Kurdish|tam]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>pciqu79rl0tvpu4zow15lxmu481yy1g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>oxir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18195</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291055</id>
      <parentid>6244003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291055</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2747" sha1="pbajny0xhb0def49jvql6slymcosqi8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/oːˈxɪɾ/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|oxir|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[sefer]], [[birêketin]], [[çûn]], [[dûr|dûrketin]], [[koç]]
#: {{nm|ku|Oxira xêrê be!|Bi xêr biçî!|rêz=1}}
# [[oxir]], [[yom]], [[qidoşî]], [[vexêr]], [[wum]], [[pênaw]], [[wayîk]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[yom]], [[qidoş]], [[oxir]], [[biwar]] (tiştê ku tê bawerkirin ku xwediyê vê wesfê ye)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[mirin]], [[wefat]], [[merg]], [[mewt]], [[emrê Xwedê]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[meymenet]], pê û par
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[oxir]], [[rê]], [[ber]]
#: {{nm|ku|Di ber (yekî) de mirin, di oxira (yekî) de mirin}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|oxur
|oẍur
|waxer
|wexer
|oxer
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|wexer kirin&lt;w:1) [[çûn]] 2) [[mirin]]&gt;&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|oxirkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|oxirkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha [[wexer]], ji {{ji|tr|ku|-}}, bi tirkiya kevn [[oğur]], bi tirkiya niha [[uğur]], [[hevreh]]a [[uğramak]], [[uğraşmak]], [[uğru]]...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|sefer|1}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|matka}}, {{W+|fi|reissu}}, {{W+|fi|retki}}, {{W+|fi|safari}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|voyage}}, {{W+|fr|tour}}, {{W+|fr|vol}}, {{W+|fr|trajet}}, {{W+|fr|route}}, {{W+|fr|traversée}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|travel}}, {{W+|en|expedition}}, {{W+|en|journey}}, {{W+|en|trip}}, {{W+|en|excursion}}, {{W+|en|voyage}}, {{W+|en|safari}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|viaggio}}, {{W+|it|escursione}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|поездка}}, {{W+|ru|путешествие}}, {{W+|ru|путь}}, {{W+|ru|дорога}}, {{W+|ru|рейс}}, {{W+|ru|турне}}, {{W+|ru|полёт}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|viaje}}, {{W+|es|excursión}}, {{W+|es|gira}}, {{W+|es|recorrido}}, {{W+|es|travesía}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|resa}}, {{W+|sv|tripp}}, {{W+|sv|stycke}}, {{W+|sv|bit}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sefer}}, {{W+|tr|seyahat}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|reise}}, {{W-|el|fahrt}}, {{W-|el|anreise}}, {{W-|el|stück}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|mirin|4}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Tod|m}}, {{W+|de|Talisman|m}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|mortalidá}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|vəfat}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[موت]] (mewt)
* {{Z|fa}}: [[مرگ]] (merg), [[موت]] (mot), {{W+|fa|کوچ}}, {{W+|fa|مرگ}}, {{W-|fa|به سلامت}}, {{W+|fa|خداحافظی}}, {{W+|fa|مبارک}}, {{W+|fa|میمون}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuolema}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mort|f}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|dea}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|dood}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|death}}, the [[last]] [[journey]]
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|morte|f}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W+|nah|miquiliztli}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|смерть}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|muerte|f}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ölüm}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pbajny0xhb0def49jvql6slymcosqi8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18724</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291056</id>
      <parentid>6243213</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291056</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3533" sha1="48k3siqccvxuv2mldumlc7h352jgldz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Tiştê kesekî daye kesek din lê [[divê]] kesê [[wergir]] [[dîsan]] wî tiştî li [[xwedan]]ê tiştî [[vegerandin|vegerîne]] (bi taybetî [[pare]]).
#: {{hevmane|ku|deyn|pevk}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez dihî çûme def Azadî, min gotê dê kengî '''qer'''ê min deye min.}}
# [[qencî|Qenciya]] [[gerek]] e kesek li kesekî din bike ji ber ku wî kesî [[qencî|qenciyek]] kiriye.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ti caran qenciya te jibîr nakem, lê nizanm dê çawa '''qer'''ê te li ser milêt xwe rakem.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=inzalê legen nuzûlê ibrîq&lt;br /&gt;Tes'îd kirin bi '''qer'''' û inbîq&lt;br /&gt;Memzûc-i şebîhê şîr û şekker}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|qerd
|qerz
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|faîz}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bi qer dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qer dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qer kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|biqerdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qerdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qerkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|biqerdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qerkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|biqer
|biqerî
|biqerîtî
|biqertî
|qerdar
|qerdarî
|qerdarîtî
|qerdartî
|qerder
|qerderî
|qerderîtî
|qerdertî
|qerdêr
|qerdêrî
|qerdêrîtî
|qerdêrtî
|qergir
|qergirî
|qergirîtî
|qergirtî
|qerkar
|qerkarî
|qerkarîtî
|qerkartî
|qerker
|qerkerî
|qerkerîtî
|qerkertî
|qerstîn
|qerstînî
|qerstînîtî
|qerstîntî
|qerwergir
|qerwergirî
|qerwergirîtî
|qerwergirtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|skuld}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schuld|f}}, {{W+|de|Darlehen|m}}, {{W+|de|schwarz}}, {{W+|de|schwärzlich}}, {{W+|de|Anleihe|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|dluh|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|gæld}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|hutang}}, {{W+|id|debet}}, {{W+|id|debit}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الزهاق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|وام|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|قرض|guman=erê}}, {{W-|fa|ﻗرز|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|velka}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|dette}}
* [[frîzî]]: [[skuld]]
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|schuld}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|debajo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|microloan|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|debt}}, {{W+|en|badinage|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|loan|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|remaining|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|residing|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|settling|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|borrowed}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|debita}}, {{W-|ia|debito}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|debito|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|借金|tr=[[しゃっきん]], shakkin}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[빚]] (bit)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|debitum|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}:
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|gjeld}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|d&amp;#322; ug|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|dívida|f}}, {{W+|pt|débito|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|datorie|f}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|dolg|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|deuda}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|skuld}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[అప్పు]] (appu)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kara|guman=erê}}[[adósság]] [[:hu:adósság|hu]]
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|borç}}, {{W+|tr|ikraz}}, {{W+|tr|istiare}}, {{W+|tr|kadir}}, {{W+|tr|takanak}}, {{W+|tr|verecek}}, {{W+|tr|kâr}}, {{W+|tr|borçlanmak}}, {{W+|tr|kara yağız}}, {{W+|tr|mukaar}}, {{W+|tr|obruk}}
* {{zh}} (kevnare): [[債務]]
* {{zh}} (sade): [[债务]] (jaywû)
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# {{f|ku|reng}} Rengê reş ku dibriqe, reşê brîqandî.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|reş}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|bright black}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|parlak siyah}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>48k3siqccvxuv2mldumlc7h352jgldz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18936</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291057</id>
      <parentid>6262267</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291057</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3278" sha1="qvnzkfqegi7dckxmj7ka01ta1botd8e" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|ḧal}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hal|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[rewş]], [[dirûv]], [[kavdan]], [[destûdar]], [[barûdox]], [[timtêl]], [[tentêl]], [[weziyet]], [[zirûf]]
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Vexwarî cer'eya hicrê&lt;/br&gt;Girî wan tê bi '''halê''' min&lt;/br&gt;Di vê hicran û zecrê da}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ḧal}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|hel
|hêl
|hol
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêhal
|bêhalî
|bêhalîtî
|bêhaltî
|haliyet
|halî
|hal kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|halkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|halkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حَال}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|rewş}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Situation|f}}, {{W|de|Lage|f}}, {{W|de|Sache|f}}, {{W|de|Zustand|m}}, {{W|de|Gebärde|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Gegebenheit|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|情況}}, {{W+|zh|情况}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حالة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|امر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حال}}, {{W+|fa|اوضاع}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tilanne}}, {{W+|fi|tila}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|situation|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|situatie|f}}, {{W|nl|ligging|f}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|situation}}, {{W+|en|condition}}, {{W+|en|status}}, {{W+|en|position}}, {{W+|en|bearing}}, {{W|en|encouragement|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|circumstances|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|situazione|f}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|状態}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|상황}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|situação|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|ситуация|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|situación}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|situation}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|durum}}, {{W+|tr|ahval}}, {{W+|tr|enflüanza}}, {{W+|tr|humma}}, {{W+|tr|paçavra hastalığı}}, {{W+|tr|vaziyet}}, {{W|tr|hâl|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|hatır|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sıyga|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yağday|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|κατάσταση|f}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[car]], [[neql]], [[kere]]
#: {{nm|ku|Vê '''halê''' ew li gel me nehat.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# (avahiyê pan yan meydan) ''Binêre'': '''[[hol]]''' (1)

== {{ziman|id}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Xbypass-hal.wav|Deng|dever=Sleman, Îndonezya}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|id}}
# {{g|ku|tişt}}
#* {{bêmînak|id}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|id|tişt}}

== {{ziman|ang}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ang|hāl}}
# {{g|ku|sax}}, {{g|ku|saxlem}}, {{g|ku|tendirist}} (ne [[nexweş]], ne [[nesax]], ne [[êşewî]])
#* {{bêmînak|ang}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ang|sax}}

== {{ziman|hu}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|hu}}
# {{f|hu|heywan}} [[masî#ku|masî]]
#* {{bêmînak|hu}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-hal.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-hal.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# {{g|ku|rewş}}, {{g|ku|hal}}, {{g|ku|kawdan}}, {{g|ku|weziyet}}
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tr|rewş}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{f|tk|zimannasî}} {{g|ku|hoker}}
#* {{bêmînak|tk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|hoker}}</text>
      <sha1>qvnzkfqegi7dckxmj7ka01ta1botd8e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bihirîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18976</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291058</id>
      <parentid>6290084</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291058</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1747" sha1="gzk4fwpiskpkc9kddeupd2garxsgkye" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# [[derbas|derbas bûn]], [[di ber re]] [[çûn]], [[tê re]] [[çûn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew her roj di ber mala me re '''dibihire'''.}}
# '''[[lê bihirîn]]''': [[bexşandin]], [[efû]] kirin
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|bihiriyan
|bihirtin
|bihiryan
|bihorîn
|bihoriyan
|bihortin
|bihoryan
|bihuriyan
|bihurîn
|bihurtin
|bihuryan
|boriyan
|borîn
|boryan
|buhiriyan
|buhirîn
|buhirtin
|buhiryan
|buhorîn
|buhoriyan
|buhortin
|buhoryan
|buhuriyan
|buhuryan
|buhurîn
|buhurtin
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|bihirandin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bihir|-în}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|bihirî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|vorbeigehen}}, {{W+|de|verzeihen}}
* {{Z|fi}} : [[kulkea]] [[ohi]]
* {{Z|en}} : to [[pass]] [[by]], to {{W+|en|cross}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# Ji bo fêkiyan bi şiklekî wisa xerabûn ku hîna tê xarin lê tenê tama/çêja wan xerabûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew cebeşê we ji me ra aniye zêde di lemê de maye, '''bihirîye''',  ti tam û çêj têde nemaye.}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|borîn}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|derbas bûn
|dewibîn
|perixîn
|xerabûn
}}

==== Nîşe ====
Li gel peyva borîn hevkok yan jî hevrehe. Ji xwe li gelek herêmên Kurdistanê (wekî Mêrdîn) ji dêvla peyva borîn bihirîn tê bikaranîn.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}} : meyve-sebzeler için  {{W+|tr|içi geçmek}}
{{werger-bin}}


=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bihirîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{bend}}</text>
      <sha1>gzk4fwpiskpkc9kddeupd2garxsgkye</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gaz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19029</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291059</id>
      <parentid>6262491</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 3 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291059</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7066" sha1="45qxx5gnup31fi7ies48c42reaj62vm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gaz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# tiştên wek [[hewa]]yî yên ne [[hişk]] û ne jî [[ruhn]] in
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[mazot]], [[benzîn]], [[sotemenî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[pêlik]]ê [[lezandin]]ê yê [[tirimpêl]] ê
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Mecîd pê li '''gazê''' kir û xurt ber bi bajêr ve ajot.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# [[bayezik]], [[ba]]yê ji ber [[helîn]]a [[xwarin]]ê di [[zik]]î de [[peyda]] dibe
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|xaz}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|en|ku|gas}} ji {{deyn|nl|en|gas}} ku ji aliyê kîmiyanasê holendî Jan Baptist van Helmont hatiye dariştin ji {{ji|grc|ku|χάος|tr=Xaos|w=[[xalî]], [[vala]]}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gazî
|gazîn
|gaz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gaz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gazbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gazkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gazbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gazkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|tiştên ne hişk û ne [[ruhn]]}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|gas}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gaz|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gas|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|গেছ}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|qaz}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|gas}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|газ|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|গ্যাস}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|газ|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဓာတ်ငွေ့}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|plyn|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|氣體|tr=hei3 tai2}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|氣體|tr=qìtǐ}}, {{W+|cmn|氣|tr=qì}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|氣體|tr=khì-thé}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|gas|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|gas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|غَاز|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|գազ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|лекс}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|gaso}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|gaas}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گاز|tr=gâz}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|gass|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kaasu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|gaz|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|gas|nt}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|gas|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|gas|n}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|વાયુ|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაზი}}, {{W+|ka|აირი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|गैस|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gas|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|גַּז|n|tr=gaz}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|gaso}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|gas}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|gas}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|gás|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|gas|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|gas|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|気体|tr=きたい, kitai}}, {{W+|ja|ガス|tr=gasu}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|gassi}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಅನಿಲ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|gas|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|газ}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|වායු}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|가스}}, {{W+|ko|기체}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|gas|nt}}, {{W-|la|gasum|nt}}, {{W+|la|gasium|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|gāze|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ອາຍໄຕ້}}, {{W-|lo|ອາຍ}}, {{W-|lo|ແກັສ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|dujos|m-p}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|гас|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|gas}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|gass|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|haurehu}}, {{W-|mi|kāhi}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|वायू}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|gáz}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|хий}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|gass|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|gass|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ଗ୍ୟାସ୍}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|گاز}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|gaz}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|ګاز|n|tr=gāz}}, {{W+|ps|غاز|tr=ǧāz}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|gaz|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|gás|n}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਗੈਸ}}, {{W-|pa|ਫੂ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|газ}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|gas|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|gaz|nt}}, {{W-|ro|gaze|nt-p}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|газ|n}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W-|scn|gas|n}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|goz|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|пли̑н|n}}, {{W-|sh|га̑с|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|plȋn|n}}, {{W+|sh|gȃs|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|plyn|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|plin|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|gas|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|gesi|9/10}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|gas|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|газ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|buhag}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|வளிமம்}}, {{W+|ta|வாயு}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ก๊าซ}}, {{W+|th|แก๊ส}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|వాయువు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|газ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gaz}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|gaz}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|རླངས་རླུང}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|گیس|m|tr=gais}}, {{W-|ur|فارغہ}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|газ|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|khí tê}}, {{W+|vi|khí}}, {{W+|vi|chất khí}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|vap}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|nwy|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ឧស្ម័ន|tr=ŭsmăn}}, {{W-|km|ហ្គាស|tr=hkas}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|גאַז|nt}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|gáàsì}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αέριο|nt}}, {{W+|el|ατμός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|gas|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76048206}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[arşîn]], [[biwêj]]ek [[pîvan]]ê ye (113 [[cm]])
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Gaz''' tê maneya 113 sm, an jî arşînek, ango têrmîna pîvandinê ye. Wek ko akadêmîkê ermenî H.Açaryan di pirtûka xwe ya zanyarî “Ferhenga zmanê ermenkî ya êtîmologîyê ya bingehîn” da (bi ermenî), di cilda 1, rûpelê 479an da îzbat dike, ev gotina ji farisî derbazî nava kurdî û ermenkî bûye. Ango gotina îranî ye.|Têmûrê Xelîl: ''Gotinên kurdî-îranî di ermenkî da'', Nefel.com, 11/2008}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|gez}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Zange|f|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[newal]], [[gelî]], pişta çiyê, milê çiyê
#: {{nm|ku|Çîya, '''gaz''', newal, deşt, pîşt, axbîn, bêderan da nabezînin.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|Tal}}, {{W+|tr|vadi}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|sq}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sq|z=n}}
# {{mijar|sq|made}} {{g|ku|gaz}}, {{g|ku|xaz}}
#* {{bêmînak|sq}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sq|gaz}}

== {{ziman|fr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===

* {{deng|fr|Fr-{{PAGENAME}}.ogg|Deng}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-gaz.wav|Deng|dever=Lyon, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-gaz.wav|Deng|dever=Shawinigan, Kanada}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Eihel-gaz.wav|Deng|dever=Lozan, Swîsre}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Yug-gaz.wav|Deng|dever=Montpouillan, Fransa}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|fr|z=n}}
# [[gaz#Kurdî|gaz]]
#* {{bêmînak|fr}}

== {{ziman|uz}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|uz}}
# {{mijar|uz|made}} {{g|ku|gaz}}, {{g|ku|xaz}}
#* {{bêmînak|uz}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|uz|gaz}}

== {{ziman|pl}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|pl|Pl-{{PAGENAME}}.ogg|Deng}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pl|z=}}
# [[gaz#Kurdî|gaz]]
#* {{bêmînak|pl}}

== {{ziman|ro}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|ro|LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-gaz.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ro|z=}}
# [[gaz#Kurdî|gaz]]
#* {{bêmînak|ro}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[gaz#Kurdî|gaz]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{mijar|tk|heywan}} {{g|ku|qaz}}
#* {{bêmînak|tk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|qaz}}</text>
      <sha1>45qxx5gnup31fi7ies48c42reaj62vm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fransî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19106</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291502</id>
      <parentid>6261901</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:47:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291502</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9210" sha1="3yhasb6417avyaaottz8cpo14mov769" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-fransî.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Serenav ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fransî|mê}}
{{interwiktionary|code=fr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|ziman}} Zimanê [[Fransa]]yê ku li gelek [[welat]]ên din jî pê tê [[axiftin]], bi taybetî li [[Belçîka]]yê, [[Swîsre]]yê,  [[Luksemborg]]ê, [[Keneda]]yê û hin welatên [[Efrîqa]]yê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|feransayî
|feransawî
|feransewî
|ferensayî
|ferensawî
|ferensewî
|ferensizî
|feransizî
|fransayî
|fransawî
|fransewî
|frensayî
|frensawî
|frensewî
|feransî
|frensî
|fransizî
|firansayî
|firansawî
|firansewî
|firansî
|firansizî
|firinsî
|firinsizî
|firensayî
|firensawî
|firensewî
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|frenk
|frenkî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|Fransa|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|Frans}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|frëngjisht}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Französisch}} {{nt}}, {{W+|de|Franzose}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|englisch|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|französisch|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ፈረንሳይኛ}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|franzés}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|франсыз}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|Frantzesez}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|Францускай}}, {{W-|be|Французская}}, {{W-|be|Французкая}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|galleg}} {{n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|френски}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|francouzský}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᎦᎸᏥ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
:: {{zh-sc}}: [[法语]]( ''[[pinyin]]: fǎyǔ'' )
:: {{zh-tc}}: [[法語]] ( ''pinyin: fǎyǔ'' )
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|fransk}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bahasa Perancis}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|فرنسية}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|Ֆրանսերեն}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|prantsuse}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فرانسوی}}, {{W-|fa|زبان فرانسوی}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|Franskt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ranska}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|français}} {{n}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|Frânsk}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|ફ્રાન્સીસી}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ფრანგული}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|फ़्राँसीसी}} {{m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|צרפתית|tr=Tzar'fa'tit}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|French}}, {{W+|en|french|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gallic|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gaul|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|parleyvoo|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|francese}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|Francés}} [[Francês]], {{W-|ga|Fraincis}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|francese}} {{n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|franska}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|フランス語|tr=ふらんすご, {{W-|ja|furansu-go}}}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|Francès}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|불어}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|Frynkek}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|franču}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|Prancūziškai}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|француски}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|Perancis}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|Franċiż}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|francia}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|Кранцонь}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W-|mn|франц}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Franzöösch}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|फ्रांसिसी}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|fransk}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|francés}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|francuski}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|francês}} {{n}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|Franzos}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|franceză}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|французский}}
* {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|ránskákiela}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|francisi}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|Francúzsky}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|francoščina}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|Faransiis}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|francés}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|Kifaransa}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|franska}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|Pranses}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|பிரென்ச்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ภาษาฝรั่งเศส}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|франсуз}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|Fransızca}}, {{W-|tr|fransalı|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|fransız|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|fransızca|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|fransızlık|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|frenkçe|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|Fransız|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|Fransalı|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|Fransızlık|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|Frenkçe|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|فرانسيسي}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|французька}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|Tiếng Pháp}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|Francès}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|Ffrangeg}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ភាសារាំង}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W+|yi|פֿראַנצױזיש}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|Isifulentshi}} [[isiFulentshi]]
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fransî|mê û nêr}}
# [[gel|Gel]]ê [[Fransa]]yê.
#: {{nm|ku|Fransî ji zimanê xwe hez dikin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Fransî''' û brîtanî li hev nakin.}}
# [[welatî|Welatiyê]] [[Fransa]]yê.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ne '''fransî''' ye, swîsreyî ye.}}
# Kesê ji [[Fransa]]yê.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''fransî''' ye lê niha welatiyekî Amerîkayê ye.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|gelê Fransayê}}
* {{Z|akz}}: {{W-|akz|falànchi}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Franzose|cuda=die Franzosen|n-p}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|arc|פרנסיא|tr=pransāyé|n}}
*: Siryanî: {{W-|arc|ܦܪܢܣܝܐ|tr=pransāyé|n}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|ফৰাচী}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|францу́зы|n-p}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|ফরাসি}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|Gallaoued|p}}, {{W+|br|Frañsizien|p}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|французин|n|sc=Cyrl}}
* Catalan: els {{W+|ca|francesos|n-p}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|Francouzi|n-p}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏂᎦᎸᏥ|sc=Cher}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|法國人|tr=Fǎguórén}}; {{W-|cmn|法蘭西人|tr=Fǎlánxīrén}} ; {{W-|cmn|[[法蘭西]][[民族]]|tr=Fǎlánxī mínzú}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|franskmænd|n-p}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|orang Perancis}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|فَرَنْسِيُّونَ|p}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|فرنساويين|tr=fransāwiyīn}}, {{W-|ary|فرنسيس|tr=fransīs}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|ֆրանսիացիները|p}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|prantslased|p}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|Fransetɔwo|p}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|فرانسویان|tr=farânsaviyân}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ranskalainen|p|cuda=ranskalaiset}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|français|n}}, {{W+|fr|Français|p}}
*: {{Z|frm}}: {{W-|frm|Françoys|n-p}}
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|François|n-p}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|na [[Frangach|Frangaich]]|n-p}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|franceses|n-p}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|ફ્રાન્સીસી}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ფრანგები}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|फ़्राँसीसी}}, {{W+|hi|फ्रांसीसी}}, {{W+|hi|फ्रेंच}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|Fransen|p}}, {{W+|nl|fransozen|p}}
* Esperanto: [[francoj]]
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|צרפתים|tr=tsarfatím}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|Franciani|p}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|Frances}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|French}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|franceses|p}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|Frakki|cuda=Frakkar|n-p}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|フランス人|tr=フランスじん, furansujin}}, {{W+|ja|仏人|tr=ふつじん, futsujin|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|프랑스인}}, {{W-|ko|프랑스 사람}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|Galli|n-p}}, {{W-|la|Francogalli|n-p}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|franči}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|prancūzai}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|orang Perancis}}, {{W+|ms|Perancis}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|Franċiżi}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|फ्रेंच}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|franciák|p}}
* {{Z|xng}}: {{W-|xng|ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠨᠺᠺᠤᠳ|p}}, {{W-|xng|ᠸᠢᠷᠠᠨᠺᠺᠤᠳ|p}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W-|mn|францчууд|p}}, {{W-|mn|[[франц]] [[үндэстэн]]}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|Dáághahii dineʼé}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|franskmenn|n-p}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|Wemitigoozhi}}, {{W-|oj|Wemitigoozhiwag|p}}, {{W-|oj|Wemitigoozhikwe|m}}, {{W-|oj|Wemitigoozhikweg|m-p}}
* {{Z|otw}}: {{W-|otw|Wemtigoozhii}}, {{W-|otw|Wemtigoozhiig|p}}, {{W-|otw|Wemtigoozhiikwe|m}}, {{W-|otw|Wemtigoozhiikweg|m-p}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|Francuzi|m-pr-p}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|franceses|n-p}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਫ਼੍ਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ|tr=frānsīsī}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|francezi|n-p}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|францу́зы|n-p}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|французи|n-p|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|francuzi|n-p}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|Francózi|n-p}}, {{W-|sl|Francózinje|m-p}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|franceses|n-p}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|fransman|cuda=fransmän}}, {{W+|sv|fransos|cuda=fransoser}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|Pranses}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|[[ชาว]][[ฝรั่งเศส]]}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|పరాసులు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|Fransızlar|p}}
* {{Z|tpw}}: {{W-|tpw|Maíra}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|فرانسیسی|tr=frā̃sīsī}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|францу́зи|n-p}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|fransexe|n|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|[[người]] [[Pháp]]}}
* West Frisian: [[Frânsen]] 
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|Γάλλοι|n-p}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|F@NearForehead-HandPalmDown F@NearForehead-HandPalmUp HorizSmallTwist|sc=Sgnw}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|French|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82462597}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tiştê [[Fransa]]yê yan [[ziman]]ê wê yan [[gel]]ê wê.
#: {{nm|ku|xwarinên '''fransî'''}}
#: {{nm|ku|hunera '''fransî'''}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3yhasb6417avyaaottz8cpo14mov769</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>zanist</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19505</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291060</id>
      <parentid>6105149</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291060</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6695" sha1="iaktr8b2zij9k6gf9m32xx1plb5ms8p" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|zˤanist}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-zanist.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|zanist|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[ilm]], [[pisporî]], [[şarezayî]], [[zanyarî]], [[zanîn]], [[nasîn]] bi rêya [[vekolîn]]ên [[ilmî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Matematîk '''zanista''' jimaran e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|زانست}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|zanistdost
|zanistdostî
|zanisthez
|zanisthezî
|zanistî
|zanistkar
|zanistkarî
|zanistname
|zanistvan
|zanistvanî
|zanistyar
|zanistyarî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Li ber modela farisî {{g|fa|دانشتنن|tr=danişten}}, herwiha ihtimalen di bin tesîra paşgira ''[[-ist]] / [[-îst]]'' ya ji zimanên ewropî de. Herwiha wek prensîp dikare ji [[kurdiya başûrî]] {{q|sdh|زانستن}} – {{q|sdh||ـتن|tr=-in}} be.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|wetenskap}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|shkencë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Wissenschaft|m}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ሳይንስ|tr=sayəns}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|shtiintsã|m}}, {{W-|rup|shciintsã|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বিজ্ঞান}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|ciencia|m}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|гӏелму}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|elm}}, {{W+|az|bilim}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W-|bm|dɔnniya}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|zientzia}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ғилем}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|Wissnschoft}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|наву́ка|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিজ্ঞান}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|skiant}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|нау́ка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W-|my|သိပ္ပံ}}, {{W+|my|ဗေဒ}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|шэнжэлхэ ухаан}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|ӏилма}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|věda|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|科學|tr=fo1 hok6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|куәщүә}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|科學|tr=khô-ho̍k}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|科學|tr=kēxué}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|科學|tr=kuŏ-hŏk}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|科學|tr=kho-ha̍k}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|科學}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ӑслӑх}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|videnskab|g}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ސައިންސު}}, {{W-|dv|ސައިންސް}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|ilmu}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عِلْم|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|գիտություն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|scienco}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|teadus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|علم|tr='elm}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|vísindi|nt-p}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tiede}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|science|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|sience|m}}
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Wietenskup|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|wittenskip|g}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|eòlas|n}}, {{W-|gd|saidheans|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|ciencia|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|વિજ્ઞાન}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|მეცნიერება}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|tembikuaaty}}, {{W-|gn|mba'ekuaa}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|syans}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|akeakamai}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|विज्ञान|n}}, {{W+|hi|शास्त्र|n}}, {{W+|hi|बिज्ञान|n}}, {{W+|hi|साइंस|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wetenschap|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מַדָּע|n|tr=madá}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|cienco}}
* {{Z|ig}}: {{W-|ig|amamihe}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|science}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|tiito}}, {{W-|izh|oppi}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|scientia}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|eolaíocht|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|scienza|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vísindi|nt}}, {{W+|is|fræði|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|科学|tr=かがく, kagaku}}, {{W-|ja|サイエンス|tr=saiensu}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಅರಿಮೆ}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|ciència|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|илим}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|විද්‍යාව}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|과학}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|scientia|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|zinātne|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ວິທະຍາສາດ}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|илим}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|mokslas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Wëssenschaft|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|наука|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|ശാസ്‌ത്രം}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|sains}}, {{W+|ms|ilmu}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|xjenza|m}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|oaylleeaght|m}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|pūtaiao}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|विज्ञान}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|tudomány}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|ciéncia}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|шинжлэх ухаан}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|विज्ञान}} {{W-|ne|बिज्ञान}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|scienche|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|vitenskap|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|vitskap|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|sciéncia|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ବିଜ୍ଞାନ}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|зонад}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئىلىم}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|ilm}}, {{W+|uz|fan}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|علم|n|tr=elm, elǝm}}, {{W+|ps|ساينس|n|tr=sāyns}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Wissenschoft|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|nauka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|ciência|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਵਿਗਿਆਨ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|ғылым}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|știință|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|нау́ка|m}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|dieđa}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|विज्ञान|nt}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|kaalamdag}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|scenzia|m}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|sabidensi}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|на̀ука|m}}, {{W-|sh|зна̏но̄ст|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|nàuka|m}}, {{W+|sh|znȁnōst|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|veda|m}}, {{W+|sk|náuka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|znanost|m}}
* {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wědomnosć|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|ciencia|m}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|ᮆᮜ᮪ᮙᮥ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|sayansi|cn}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|vetenskap|g}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|илим}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|илм}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|agham}}, {{W-|tl|siyensiya}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|அறிவியல்}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|scienze|m}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|วิทยาศาสตร์}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|విజ్ఞానము}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|ilim}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|фән}}, {{W+|tt|гыйлем}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bilim}}, {{W+|tr|ilim}}, {{W+|tr|fen}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|ylym}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཚན་རིག}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سائنس|tr=sayens|n}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|нау́ка|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|khoa học}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|nolav}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwyddoniaeth}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ}}, {{W+|km|ស្យង់}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|үөрэх}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וויסנשאַפֿט|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|επιστήμη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἐπιστήμη|m}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|weet’nschap}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|gohyoz}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|science|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75873574}}</text>
      <sha1>iaktr8b2zij9k6gf9m32xx1plb5ms8p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>aşna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291061</id>
      <parentid>6263626</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291061</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1866" sha1="367gdinlcwqf0plxjp2xq4pmoh7uues" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Aşna}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-aşna.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|aşna}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[şareza]], [[zana]], [[haydar]], [[agadar]], kesa/ê tiştekî [[zanîn|dizane]] yan [[nasîn|dinase]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ez li vî bajarî ne '''aşna''' me.|Ez vî bajarî nanasim.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Fikret Bila di nivîsara xwe ya îro de radigihîne ku îlankirina xweseriya demokratîk ji bo fêrkirin û aşînakirina zihnê tirkan hat îlankirin.|Netkurd.com, 7/2011}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئاشنا}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|aşina}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|aşna bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|aşna kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|aşnabûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|aşnabûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|aşnakirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|aşnahî
|aşnaker
|aşnatî
|aşna û roşna
|aşnayî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|ckb|ئاشنا}}, {{hv|fa|آشنا}} (aşina, aşna), pehlewî ''aşnak'' ji ''aşnûten, aşnav-'' ([[pê hesîn]], [[bihîstin]]), farisiya kevn * ''a-xşnev-'' ([[zanîn]]), avestayî ''xşna-, xşnas-'' ([[nasîn]]), binere: [[nas]], [[nasîn]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|eingeweiht|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|دراية}}, {{W-|ar|تأقلم}}, {{W-|ar|مألوف}}, {{W+|ar|عالم}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شناس}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|habitué}}, {{W+|fr|habituel}}, {{W+|fr|familier|n}}, {{W+|fr|familière|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vertrouwd}}, {{W+|nl|bekend}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|acquainted}}, {{W+|en|familiar}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aşina|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tanıdık|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εξοικειωμένος}}, {{W+|el|γνώριμος}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[Nas]], [[nasyar]] .
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>367gdinlcwqf0plxjp2xq4pmoh7uues</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mêj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19666</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291062</id>
      <parentid>6112668</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291062</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1373" sha1="nulebexorvpd08c35pterlomstrfahv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[dem|Dem]]ek [[dirêj]] [[berî]] [[niha]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ji '''mêj''' ve ye ew miriye.|Demek dirêj berî niha ew miriye.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin= ...lakîn ji '''mêj'''e min nedîye.|nivîskar={{w|Mela Mûsayê Hekarî}}|sernav=Durrû’l Mecalîs|amadekar=Hêmin Omer|sala weşandinê=2022|sal=1857|rûpel=59}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî [[mêjû]], ji {{ji|ar|ku|ماضي|tr=māḍī}}. Di peyvên biyanî ên ku ketine kurdî de; /d/ dibin /z/ û /z/ dibin /j/; bide ber {{q|ku|miraz}}, {{q|ku|pêşniyaz}}, {{q|ku|diroz}}, {{q|ku|hejîn}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ji mêj
|ji mêj va
|ji mêj ve
|mêjîn&lt;pos:2&gt;
|mêjû
|mêjûnas
|mêjûnasî
|mêjûyî
|mêjûzan
|mêjûzanî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|früher}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|منذ حين}}, {{W|ar|زمن بعيد}}, {{W|ar|قديما}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|ازل}}, {{W|fa|قدیمی}}, {{W|fa|کهنه}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|kauan sitten}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|long ago}}, {{W|en|anterior}}, {{W|en|resorptive}}, {{W|en|past time|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ezel}}, {{W|tr|geçmiş}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# {{f|ku|devkî}} {{bnr|nimêj}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[mase]]
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}</text>
      <sha1>nulebexorvpd08c35pterlomstrfahv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dewr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19813</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291063</id>
      <parentid>6253486</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291063</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1803" sha1="npv8enmvfurzzbx0200u5yoeozpgbg4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/dɛwɾ/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dewr|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[çerx|Çerx]], [[zivir]], [[ger]]a li [[dor]] tiştekê/î.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[serdem|Serdem]], [[heyam]], [[zeman]], [[çerx]], [[çax]].
#: {{nm|ku|Li ser '''dewrê''' wî.|Li dema ew [[serok]] bû.|rêz=1}}
# [[rol|Rol]].
#: {{nm|ku|Wî di wêjeya kurdî de '''dewrek''' baş hebûye.|Wî di wêjeya kurdî de rolek giring lîstiye.}}
# [[dor|Dor]], [[sire]], [[nobet]], [[ger]].
#: {{nm|ku|Diniya '''dewr''' e.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Şemsê bi şemsê cam bi cam&lt;br /&gt;Hetta dikin '''dewr'''ê temam&lt;br /&gt;Ateş dirêjit her medam}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|dewir}}

==== Bide Ber ====
* {{g|ku|daîre}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dewr dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dewr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dewrdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dewrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dewrdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dewrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dewirandin
|dewirandî
|dewrder
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|دور|tr=dewr}}, [[hevreh]]a aramî [[ܕܘܪ]] (d-w-r-: [[zivirîn]]). Ji eynî rehî: [[dor]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Periode|m}}, {{W|de|Runde|m}}, {{W|de|Zeitabschnitt|n}}, {{W|de|Zyklus|n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|دوره}}, {{W|fa|اصطلاح}}, {{W|fa|دوران}}, {{W|fa|گردش ایام}}, {{W|fa|روزگار}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|turn}}, (2) {{W|en|time}}, (3) {{W|en|role}}, (4) {{W|en|roundabout}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ahit}}, {{W|tr|çağ}}, {{W|tr|çevrim}}, {{W|tr|devir}}, {{W|tr|dönem}}, {{W|tr|edvar}}, {{W|tr|erk}}, {{W|tr|rol}}, {{W|tr|zamane}}, {{W|tr|bölüm}}, {{W|tr|faz}}, {{W|tr|dönen|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|devre|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>npv8enmvfurzzbx0200u5yoeozpgbg4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nobe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19831</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291064</id>
      <parentid>6244292</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291064</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1636" sha1="pcfok2jbivmo33jgxhpvski2z78egqa" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/noːˈbɛː/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nobe|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Li [[cih]]ek an jî [[kes]]ek [[nêrîn]] û [[parastin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|çavdêrî|sereguhî|matîjêkirin|parastin}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Nobe'''ya pezî girtin.|Çavdêriya [[pez]]î kirin daku ti [[ziyan]] negihinê.|rêz=1}}
# [[dor]], [[sira]], [[ger]]
#: {{nm|ku|Niha ne '''nobe'''ya te ye.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Seyf-i çû destê Merîxê mulkê dil lew bû xerab&lt;/br&gt;Lew tenezzul kir Merîxê '''nobe''' çû dora Zuhel&lt;/br&gt;Çû teref mihra sipihrê nezzilî 'erdan 'ezab}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نۆبە}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|nobet
|nowe
|dowe
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nobe girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nobegirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nobegirtî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bênobe
|bênobehî
|bênobetî
|bênobeyî
|binobe
|binobehî
|binobetî
|binobeyî
|nobedar
|nobedarî
|nobedarîtî
|nobedartî
|nobeder
|nobederî
|nobederîtî
|nobedertî
|nobeyî
|nobedêr
|nobedêrî
|nobedêrîtî
|nobedêrtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|نوبة|tr=newbe&lt;sup&gt;t&lt;/sup&gt;}} ku herwiha wek {{q|tr|nöbet}} ketiye tirkî jî.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الخفارة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نوبت}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|guard duty}}, {{W+|en|watch}}, {{W+|en|shift}}, {{W+|en|turn}}, {{W+|en|bout|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|nöbet}}, {{W+|tr|nevbet}}, {{W+|tr|keşik|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pcfok2jbivmo33jgxhpvski2z78egqa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kolej</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19961</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291065</id>
      <parentid>6243619</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291065</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1002" sha1="hv8bzzbtz6563qjttw51uxcajeih3hp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kolej|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[fêrgeh]], [[hîngeh]], [[perwerdegeh]], [[enstîtû]], [[akademî]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Koleja''' firvaniyê.}}
# {{f|ku|perwerde}} [[lîse]], [[dibistana amadeyî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Piştî '''kolejê''' ez dê biçim zankoyê.}}
# {{f|ku|perwerde}} [[fakulte]], [[beş]]ek ji [[zanko]]yê
#: {{nm|ku|Li zankoya me 5 '''kolej''' hene: '''koleja''' wêjenasiyê, '''koleja''' dadnasiyê, '''koleja''' bijîşkiyê û '''koleja''' xwezanasiyê.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|kolec
|kolêc
|kolêj
|kolic
|kolij
|kolîc
|kolîj
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|en||college}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|kolejî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|college}}, {{W+|en|faculty}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kolej}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[kolej#ku|kolej]]
#: {{mk|tr|Sağlık koleji|Koleja tenduristiyê}}</text>
      <sha1>hv8bzzbtz6563qjttw51uxcajeih3hp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dewam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20019</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291066</id>
      <parentid>6243561</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291066</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1674" sha1="qmcvu29zuhng4xyf7500ls5s8dzac3s" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dewam|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[domandin]] yan [[domîn]], [[berdewamî]], ne[[sekinîn]] yan ne[[sekinandin]], ne[[rawestîn]] yan ne[[rawestandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[mesaî]], [[kar]], [[wezîfe]], [[îş]], [[şol]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ji seet 8î spêdeyê ta 4î paşnîvro li '''dewamê''' ye.}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Îro li Tirkiyê û Bakurê Kurdistanê '''dewama''' mamosteyan dest pê kir û proseya xwendin jî biryar e di 31 Tebaxê de destpê bike.|sernav=Li Tirkiyê û Bakurê Kurdistanê dewama mamosteyan destpê dike|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/middleeast/turkey/240820201|malper=rudaw.net|dîrok=24.08.2020}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|dom}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dewam kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dewamkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dewamkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berdewam
|berdewamî
|dewamî
|dewamker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|دوام|tr=dewam}} ji lêkera {{g|ar|دام|tr=dame|w=[[domîn]], dewam kirin, [[berdewam]] bûn}}, têkilî [[daîm]], [[daîmen]], [[dom]], [[domandin]], [[domîn]], [[madem]], [[îdamet]], [[midawim]]...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|domandin yan domîn}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Andauern}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|دوام}}, {{W|ar|وظيفة}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دوام}}, {{W+|fa|ادامه}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|jatko}}, {{W+|fi|jatke}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|continuation}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|continuation}}, {{W|en|job}}, {{W|en|work}}, {{W|en|duration}}, {{W|en|workhours|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|continuación}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|devam}}, {{W+|tr|mesai}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qmcvu29zuhng4xyf7500ls5s8dzac3s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cîran</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20084</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291067</id>
      <parentid>6262829</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291067</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11707" sha1="2fzolv9v71p8y27ssrenzeu32t2uyqz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/d͡ʒiːˈɾɑːn/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-cîran.wav|Deng|Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|cîran|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|c=mn}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ên [[mal]]ên wan [[nêz]]î [[hev]]; kesên li [[nêzîk]]î [[hev]] [[jîn|dijîn]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|dirawse|cînar|hevsa|hemsa|hevsî|hemsî}}
#: {{mk|ku|Em û ew '''cîran''' in.|Mala me û ya wan nêzî hev e.|birêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Mawer ke terh û bişkoyan&lt;/br&gt;'''Cîranê''' berg û lû'lûyan&lt;/br&gt;Ew 'er'er û selwa ciwan}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Di nava ekradan de teklîf tunînin. Wekû tiştek lazim bibitin, û li mala '''cîranan''' ew tişt peyda bibitin, bilanî xweyî malê jî hazir nebitin, ew mirov bi diçitin û ew tiştê lazim buyî tînitin. |{{jêgirtin/Mele Mehmûdê Bayezîdî/Adat û Rusûmatnameê Ekradiye|r=125}}}}
# [[welat|Welat]]ên [[hevsinor]], [[dewlet]]ên ku [[tixûb]] bi hev re heye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|dirawse|cînar}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rûsya bi axa xwe welatê cîhanê yê herî mezin e û bi çardeh dewletan re '''cîran''' e.}}
#: {{mk|ku|Ereb, faris, ermenî û aşûrî '''cîranên''' me ne û yên herî kevin in, lê mixabin di bareya wêjeya wan de tiştekî nizanim ko bikaribim ya me û yên wan bidim ber hev.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جيران}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|cînar}}

==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} {{g|ku|cîran bûn}}
* {{mj|lêker}} {{g|ku|cîran kirin}}
* {{mj|navdêr}} {{g|ku|cîranbûn}}
* {{mj|navdêr}} {{g|ku|cîrankirin}}
* {{mj|rengdêr}} {{g|ku|cîranbûyî}}
* {{mj|rengdêr}} {{g|ku|cîrankirî}}
* {{g|ku|cîranane}}
* {{g|ku|cîranî}}
* {{g|ku|cîranîtî}}
* {{g|ku|cîrantî}}
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|جيران|tr=cîran}}, firejimar a {{g|ar|جار|tr=car|w=cîran, hevsî}}, ji lêkera {{g|ar|جار|tr=care|w=nêzîk bûn}}. Bi [[etîmolojiya gelêrî]] gelek caran têkil bi {{q|ku|cî}} tê kirin. Li pitirîna deveran ewa xwecih {{q|ku|hevsî}} ji cih kiriye, bide ber {{hv|ckb|دراوسێ|tr=[[dirawsê]]}} û {{hv|zza|embiriyane}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|агәыла}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|buurman|n}}, {{W-|af|buurvrou|n}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|fqinj|n}}, {{W-|sq|fqije|m}}, {{W-|sq|gjiton|n}}, {{W+|sq|komshi|n}}
* {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|nāhgibūr}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Nochber}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Nachbar|n}}, {{W+|de|Nachbarin|m}}
* {{Z|ryn}}: {{W-|ryn|隣|tr=と゚なり, thonari}}
* {{Z|ams}}: {{W-|ams|隣|tr=とぅない, tunai}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ጎረቤት}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|arc|שבבא|n|tr=šbābā’}}, {{W-|arc|שבבתא|m|tr=šbābtā’}}
*: Siryanî: {{W-|arc|ܫܒܒܐ|n|tr=šbābā’|}}, {{W-|arc|ܫܒܒܬܐ|m|tr=šbābtā’|}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|vitsin|n}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|vecín|n}}, {{W+|ast|vecina|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|qonşu}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|aldameneko}}, {{W-|eu|auzokide}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|күрше}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|Nochbar}}, {{W-|bar|Nåchbår}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|сусе́д|n}}, {{W-|be|сусе́дка|m}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|ہمسایگ|tr=hamsáyag}}, {{W-|bal|ہمساہگ|tr=hamsáhag, hamsáhig}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|প্রতিবেশী}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|amezeg|n}}, {{W+|br|amezegez|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|съсе́д|n}}, {{W+|bg|съсе́дка|m}}, {{W+|bg|комши́я|n}}, {{W-|bg|комши́йка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အိမ်နီးချင်း}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|хүршэ}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|лулахо}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|soused|n}}, {{W+|cs|sousedka|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|鄰居|tr=leon4 geoi1}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|линҗү}}, {{W-|dng|гибир}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|鄰居|tr=línjū}}, {{W-|cmn|比鄰|tr=bǐlín, bìlín}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|厝邊|tr=chhù-piⁿ}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|vičain|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|nabo|g}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|granne|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|tetangga}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|جَار|n}}, {{W+|ar|جَارة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|جار|n|tr=gār}}, {{W-|arz|جارة|m|tr=gāra}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|جار|n|tr=jār}}, {{W-|acw|جارة|m|tr=jāra}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|جار|n|tr=jār}}, {{W-|ary|جارة|m|tr=jāra}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|հարեւան}}, {{W+|hy|դրացի}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|najbaro}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|naaber}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|همسایه|tr=hamsâye}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|granni|n}}, {{W-|fo|nábúgvi|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|naapuri}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|voisin|n}}, {{W+|fr|voisine|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|vicin|n}}, {{W-|fur|vicìn|n}}, {{W-|fur|prossim|n}}
* {{Z|frr}}: {{W-|frr|näiber}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|nàbaidh|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|veciño}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃|n}}, {{W-|got|𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌽𐌰|n}}, {{W-|got|𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌽𐍉|m}}, {{W-|got|𐌽𐌴𐍈𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|მეზობელი}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|silingan}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|पड़ोसी|n}}, {{W-|hi|पड़ोसिन|m}}, {{W+|hi|हमसाया|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|buur|n}}, {{W+|nl|buurman|n}}, {{W+|nl|buurvrouw|m}}, {{W+|nl|buren|p}}, {{W+|nl|nabuur|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שָׁכֵן|n|tr=shakhén}}, {{W-|he|שְׁכֵנָה|m}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|vicino}}, {{W-|io|vicinulo}}, {{W-|io|vicinino}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|nīehsta|n}}, {{W-|ang|nēahġebūr|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|neyghebour}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|neighbour}}, {{W+|en|neighbor}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|vicino}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|comharsa|m}}
* {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|viseîn|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|vicino|n}}, {{W+|it|vicina|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|nágranni|n}}, {{W+|is|nábúi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|隣人|tr=りんじん, rinjin}}, {{W-|ja|[[隣]]の[[人]]|tr=となりのひと, tonari no hito}}, {{W-|ja|[[近所]]の[[人]]|tr=きんじょのひと, kinjo no hito}}, {{W-|ja|[[隣家]]の[[人]]|tr=りんかのひと, rinka no hito}}
* {{Z|jje}}: {{W-|jje|이웃}}, {{W-|jje|윳}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|sanileq}}, {{W-|kl|eqqaamiu}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|siping-bale}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|veí|n}}, {{W+|ca|veïna|m}}
* {{Z|kzg}}: {{W-|kzg|隣|tr=と゚ぅない, thunai}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|коңшу}}, {{W-|ky|кошуна}}, {{W-|ky|көршу}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|[[이웃]] [[사람]]}}, {{W+|ko|이웃}}
* {{Z|xug}}: {{W-|xug|隣|tr=とぅない, tunai}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|kaimiņs|n}}, {{W-|ltg|sābrys|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|adcola|n|m}}, {{W-|la|accola|n|m}}, {{W-|la|vīcīnus|n}}, {{W-|la|vīcīna|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|kaimiņš|n}}, {{W-|lv|kaimiņiene|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເພື່ອນບ້ານ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|kaimynas|n}}, {{W-|lt|kaimynė|m}}
* {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|visin}}, {{W-|lmo|vesin}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Noper|n}}, {{W-|lb|Nopesch|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|сосед|n}}, {{W-|mk|сосетка|m}}, {{W+|mk|комшија|n}}, {{W-|mk|комшика|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jiran}}, {{W-|ms|tetangga}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ġar|n}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|naboo}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|tangata-noho-tata}}, {{W-|mi|kiritata}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szomszéd}}
* {{Z|mvi}}: {{W-|mvi|隣|tr=とぅなㇲ゙, tunaz}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|хөрш}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠬᠥᠷᠰᠢ}}
* {{Z|wlc}}: {{W-|wlc|djirani}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Nahwer|n}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|granni|n}}, {{W-|non|nábúi}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|nabo|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|nabo|n}}
* {{Z|okn}}: {{W-|okn|隣|tr=とぅない, tunai}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|隣|tr=とぅない, tunai}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|vesin|n}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|ollaa}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|قونشو|tr=konşu, komşu}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|قوشنا}}, {{W-|ug|خوشنا}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|hamsoya}}, {{W+|uz|qoʻshni}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|bisiña}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|همسايه|m|tr=hamsāya}}, {{W-|ps|ګاونډی|n|tr=gāwanḍay}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|vsin|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|sąsiad|n}}, {{W+|pl|sąsiadka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|vizinho|n}}, {{W+|pt|vizinha|m}}
* Punjabi:
*: Gurmuxî: {{W-|pa|ਗੁਆਂਢੀ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਗਵਾਂਢੀ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਗੁਆਂਢਣ|m}}
*: Şahmuxî: {{W-|pa|گَوانڈھی|n}}, {{W-|pa|گُوَانڈھی|n}}, {{W-|pa|گَوَانْڈَھݨ|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|бастас}}, {{W-|kk|көрші}}, {{W-|kk|қоңсы}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|vischin|n}}, {{W-|rm|vischina|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|vecin|n}}, {{W+|ro|vecină|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|сосе́д|n}}, {{W+|ru|сосе́дка|m}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|ránnjá}}, {{W-|se|kránnjá}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|प्रतिवेशिन्|n}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|bichinu}}, {{W-|sc|bighinu}}, {{W-|sc|biginu}}, {{W-|sc|vichinu}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|silingan}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|vicinu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|су́сед|n}}, {{W-|sh|су́сјед|n}}, {{W-|sh|суседкиња|m}}, {{W-|sh|сусетка|m}}, {{W-|sh|суседа|m}}, {{W-|sh|ко̀мшија|n}}, {{W-|sh|ко̀мшиница|m}}, {{W-|sh|комшикa|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|súsed|n}}, {{W+|sh|súsjed|n}}, {{W-|sh|susedkinja|m}}, {{W-|sh|susetka|m}}, {{W-|sh|suseda|m}}, {{W+|sh|kòmšija|n}}, {{W+|sh|kòmšinica|m}}, {{W-|sh|komšika|m}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|neibour}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|сѫсѣдъ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|сусѣдъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|sused|n}}, {{W-|sk|susedka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|sosed|n}}, {{W-|sl|soseda|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W+|so|jaar}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|sused|n}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|susod|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|vecino|n}}, {{W+|es|vecina|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|jirani|c9/10}}, {{W+|sw|majirani}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|granne|g}}, {{W+|sv|nabo|g}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|djirani|c5|c6}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|гъунши}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ҳамсоя}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|kapitbahay}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|அண்டை}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เพื่อนบ้าน}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|పొరుగు}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|qomşu}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|күрше}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ጐረቤት}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|komşu}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|goňşy}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གྲོང་པ}}, {{W-|bo|ཁྱིམ་མཚེས}}
* {{Z|tkn}}: {{W-|tkn|隣|tr=とぅない, tunai}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|кадызы}}, {{W-|tyv|кожазы}}, {{W-|tyv|кожа}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|ہَمْسایَہ|tr=hamsāya}}, {{W-|ur|پَڑوسی|n|tr=paṛosī}}, {{W-|ur|پَڑوسن|m|tr=paṛosin}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|сусі́д|n}}, {{W+|uk|сусі́дка|m}}, {{W+|uk|сусі́да|g}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|vesin}}, {{W-|vec|visin}}, {{W-|vec|vexin}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|láng giềng}}, {{W+|vi|hàng xóm}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|nilädan}}, {{W+|vo|hinilädan}}, {{W+|vo|jinilädan}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|vijhén|n}}, {{W+|wa|vijhene|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|cymydog|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|[[អ្នក]][[ជិតខាង]]|tr=nĕək cɨt khaang}}, {{W-|km|[[មិត្ត]][[ជិតខាង]]|tr=mɨt cɨt khaang}}
* {{Z|rys}}: {{W-|rys|隣|tr=とぅなりぃ, tunarï}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|ыал}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|שכן|n|tr=shokhn}}, {{W-|yi|שאָכן|n}}
* {{Z|yoi}}: {{W-|yoi|隣|tr=とぅない, tunai}}
* {{Z|yox}}: {{W-|yox|隣|tr=とぅない, tunai}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|aládùúgbò}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γείτονας|n}}, {{W+|el|γειτόνισσα|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|γείτων|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|neighbour|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75823214}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza}}
# {{g|ku|cîran}}
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}</text>
      <sha1>2fzolv9v71p8y27ssrenzeu32t2uyqz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>suxre</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20192</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291068</id>
      <parentid>6263403</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291068</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2986" sha1="36uexg8n27o2246wt6j5j35agfqrr5w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{beş|Navdêr}}: {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-suxre.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|suxre|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{r-ya nerm}}
# Tiştê bo kesekî din tê kirin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|xizmet|erk|peywir|vatinî|servîs|qulixayî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wî bi her awayî xizmeta me kir.|Wî her tişt bo me kir.|rêz=1}}
# [[xulamtî|Xulamtî]], [[nokerî]], kirina [[kar]]ekî bi [[neçarî]] û [[bê beramber]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Dengê xwe bidin me. Elawekîl eger em werin desthelatiyê, emê deriyê kasa dewletê ji we re vekirî bihêlin. Emê mazotê belaş bidin we. Emê ebûqatan têxin parlemanê. Emê textoran bikin polis. Emê siyasetvanan bikin '''suxrevan'''. Emê nanê belaş bidin her kesî. Em ji bo xwendin û tedawiyê pere ji kesî nastînin. Emê îmze bavêjin Zagona Yekîtiya Ewrûpayê. Emê qîza li kalan, pîra jî li xortan mehr bikin. Emê her kesê ku bi Tirkî biaxive bixesînin. Emê her serê malê mirîşk û dehşikekê bikin diyarî, û gelek tiştên nermik û germik...|Lotikxane.com, 6/2007}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سوخرە}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|sûxre}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|şixre
|sixre
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|suxre kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|suxrekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|suxrekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|suxreder
|suxrederî
|suxrekar
|suxrekarî
|suxreker
|suxrekerî
|suxrevan
|suxrevanî
|suxrexwaz
|suxrexwazî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|سُخْرَة|w=olam, suxre, xulam, xereca ji axayekî ra}}, ji reha {{q|ar|س خ ر|w=kenên xwe pê kirin, sivikatî kirin, tehn pê kirin}}. Hevreha {{q|ku|mesxere}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|diens}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|dienst}}, {{W+|de|service}}, {{W+|de|Frondienst|m}}, {{W+|de|Botengang|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tjeneste}}, {{W+|da|service}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|servo}}, {{W-|eo|servico}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|borðbúnaður}}, {{W-|fo|deild}}, {{W-|fo|starv}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|palvelu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|service}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|tsjinst}}, {{W-|fur|ôfdieling}}, {{W-|fur|amt}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|tsjinst}}, {{W-|fy|ôfdieling}}, {{W-|fy|amt}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|dienst}}, {{W+|nl|servies}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|servo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|service}}, {{W+|en|favor}}, {{W+|en|favour}}, (2) {{W-|en|work someone ruthlessly}}, {{W+|en|forced labour}}, {{W-|en|unpaid labour}}, {{W+|en|chores|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|corvee|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|servizio}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|officium}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|bagian}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|servise}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|servisio}}, {{W-|pap|puesto}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|serwis}}, {{W+|pl|zastawa}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|serviço}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|servicio}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tjänst}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hizmet}}, {{W+|tr|angarya}}, {{W+|tr|ayak işi}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>36uexg8n27o2246wt6j5j35agfqrr5w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kewn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291069</id>
      <parentid>6243955</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291069</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1691" sha1="e65xq9430ymp64jxnxk46azhqhdqgse" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kewn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[saxlemî]], [[tendiristî]], [[rewş]]a [[saxlemî|saxlemiya]] kesekî
#: {{nm|ku|Hatin ser '''kewna''' xwe.|bi ser xwe ve hatin, sax bûn|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Derbasî be kekê delal û hêja... Ez hêvî dikim ku hûn dê di zûtirîn demê de bêne ser '''kewna''' xwe ya berê û hûn ê wekî her gav dîsan bidomînin me bi berhemên xwe yên edebî [[tamijandin|bitehmijînin]]. Careke din ez dibêjim derbasî be.|Zana farqînî ''bo'' Mehmed Uzunî, Netkurd.org, 6/2006}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Deng ji te ye sewt ji te ye&lt;/br&gt;Awaz ji '''kewna''' qudret in&lt;/br&gt;Dest ji te ye çeng ji te ye}}

==== Pîrepend ====
* ''Pisîk çû seferê, mişk ket '''kewna''' berê''

==== Biwêj ====
* ''ji '''kewna''' xwe ketin''
* ''ji '''kewnê''' xistin''
* ''ji ser '''kewna''' xwe ketin''
* ''anîn ser '''kewna''' berê''

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|kewin
|kiyan
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|kewdan}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|kew
|kevn
|xewn
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêkewn
|bêkewnî
|bikewn
|bikewnî
|kewndar
|kewndarî
|kewnder
|kewnderî
|kewndêr
|kewndêrî
|kewnî
|kewnvan
|kewnvanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|كَوْن}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kunto}}, {{W+|fi|terveydentila}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|condition}}, {{W+|fr|santé}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|health}}, {{W+|en|condition}}, {{W+|en|statuss}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|form|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|durum zarfı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}
{{kontrolWergerr}}</text>
      <sha1>e65xq9430ymp64jxnxk46azhqhdqgse</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>def</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20312</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291070</id>
      <parentid>6279851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291070</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8047" sha1="qsvgirvlrkt66jkm7sn03kbsmq2q4g8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|def|mê}}
[[Wêne:Drums for sale at the National Museum of the American Indian.jpg|thumb|çend [[cûn]]ên defan (wateya kurdî 1)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|alava muzîkê}} [[amûr|Amûr]]eke [[muzîk]]ê ye ku bi [[tibil]]an tê [[qutan]] ta ku [[deng]] jê [[derketin|derdikeve]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|erbane|dahol}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Kes dê vexwit îro bixef / Saqî bi çeng û nay û '''def''' / Ferfûriya mehtab-i da}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji dûr va dengê '''def''', zirne û kilaman dihat.|{{Jêgirtin/Sîma Semend/Xezal/1996}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gava însan dengê '''defê''' dibihîse, welê bawer dike ko dîlan e, her tişt xweş û rind e|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Hawara Dîcleyê 1/2003}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dahf
|dahif
|daḧf
|daḧif
|dehf
|dehif
|deḧf
|deḧif
|de'f
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|defçêker
|defçî
|defçîtî
|defî
|defjen
|defjenî
|defnas
|defnasî
|defsaz
|defsazî
|defzan
|defzanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|trommel}}
* {{Z|de}}: eine Tamburinart, {{W|de|Trommel|f}}, {{W|de|Pauke|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Schellentrommel|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|tamburo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|دف}}, {{W|fa|دُهل|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|طبل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|trumma}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|tampuriini}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|tromme}}, {{W|fy|tromp}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|trom}}, {{W|nl|bus}}, {{W|nl|rol}}, {{W|nl|trommel}}
* {{Z|en}}: Kurdish {{W|en|tambourine}}, {{W|en|naker|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|tambor}}, {{W|ca|timbal}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W|qu|wanqara}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W|yua|tunk’ul}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|dob}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|tambòr}}, {{W|pap|tambora}}, {{W|pap|tambú}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|tambor}}, {{W|pt|caixa de rufo}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|барабан}} (baraban)
* {{Z|se}}: {{W|se|trumbu}}
* {{Z|nso}}: {{W|nso|moropa}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|tambor|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|ngoma}}
* {{Z|ss}}: {{W|ss|sí-gúbhu}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W|sn|ngoma}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|davul}}, {{W|tr|tamtam}}, {{W|tr|tef}}, {{W|tr|yan}}, {{W|tr|nezdinde|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W|wo|sabarr}}; {{W|wo|junjuŋ}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pêşve]][[lêdan]]a, [[avêtin]]a ber bi [[pêş]]ve
#: {{nm|ku|'''Defek''' bihêz lê da û avêt di çalê de.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Derî bi '''defdanê''' vedibe, ne bi [[kêşan]]ê.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dahf
|dahif
|daḧf
|daḧif
|dehf
|dehif
|deḧf
|deḧif
|de'f
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|def dan&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|def kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|defkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|defdan&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|defdayî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{deyn+|ar|ku|دفع}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|dryf}}, {{W|af|aandryf}}, {{W|af|aandrywe}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|dringen}}, {{W|de|rücken}}, {{W|de|stoßen}}, {{W|de|treiben}}, {{W|de|anfeuern}}, {{W|de|jagen}}, {{W|de|vor sich hertreiben}}, {{W|de|Tamburin|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|støde}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|puŝi}}, {{W|eo|puŝekfunkciigi}}, {{W|eo|peli}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|fíra}}, {{W|fo|trýsta}}, {{W|fo|reka}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|työntää}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|dúste}}, {{W|fy|stjitte}}, {{W|fy|triuwe}}, {{W|fy|oanfiere}}, {{W|fy|oantriuwe}}, {{W|fy|driuwe}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|duw}}, {{W|nl|stoot}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|scufan}}, {{W-|ang|adræfan}}, {{W-|ang|dræfan}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|push}}, to {{W|en|thrust}}, to {{W|en|jolt}}, to {{W|en|drive away}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|spingere}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|empènyer}}, {{W|ca|acuitar}}, {{W|ca|arriar}}, {{W|ca|conduir}}, {{W|ca|empaitar}}, {{W|ca|foragitar}}, {{W|ca|impellir}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|desak … mendesak}}, {{W|ms|dorong … mendorong}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|űz}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|pusha}}, {{W|pap|stot}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|empurrar}}, {{W|pt|impelir}}, {{W|pt|tanger}}, {{W|pt|tocar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|apăsa}}, {{W|ro|împinge}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|гнать}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W|srn|pusu}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|empujar}}, {{W|es|acuciar}}, {{W|es|arrear}}, {{W|es|impeler}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|puffa}}, {{W|sv|stöta}}, {{W|sv|driva}}, {{W|sv|fösa}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|itúlak}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|def}}, {{W|tr|defetmek}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[sîng]], [[bersîng]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dahf
|dahif
|daḧf
|daḧif
|dehf
|dehif
|deḧf
|deḧif
|de'f
|[[dep]] (2)
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|bors}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|gji}}, {{W|sq|kraharor}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Brust|f}}, {{W|de|Busen|m}}, {{W|de|Schoß|f}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W|bm|diji}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|bryst}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|brusto}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|bringa}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|rinta}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|poitrine}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|boarst}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|boezem}}, {{W|nl|borst}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|breost}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|bosom}}, {{W|en|breast}}, {{W|en|chest}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|petto}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|pit}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|dada}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W|yua|iim}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|mell}}, {{W|hu|mellkas}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|bryst}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|pechu}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|colo}}, {{W|pt|peito}}, {{W|pt|seio}}, {{W|pt|tórax}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|piept}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|грудь}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|pecho}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|kifua}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|bröst}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bağır}}, {{W|tr|göğüs}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|στήθος}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 4 ===
[[Wêne:Katehudson Ponytail.jpg|thumb|100px|def, kurdî wateya 4)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pirç]]a li [[pişt]]a [[ser]]î hatiye [[girê]]dan
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dahf
|dahif
|daḧf
|daḧif
|dehf
|dehif
|deḧf
|deḧif
|de'f
|[[dep]] (2)
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: eine Tamburinart, {{W|de|pferdeschwanz}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|馬尾}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|ponihäntä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|queue de cheval}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|paardenstaart}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|ponytail}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|ポニーテール}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|cola de caballo}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|ku}}
# {{maneid|ku|daçek}} [[li gel|Li gel]] kesekî yan li [[mal]]a kesekî yan [[nêz]]î kesekî.
#: {{hevmane|ku|nik|cem|bal|ba}}
#: {{mk|ku|Ew hefteyekê li '''def''' min ma.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gelek cara guhdariya dost û hevala dikirin ku bibine mêvan li '''def''' şêx û mela (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Xelîl Duhokî/Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|dev||Badînî|id=daçek}} (2)

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: eine Tamburinart, {{W|de|bei}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W|bm|so}}, {{W|bm|bara}}
* {{Z|fi}}: (jonkin / jonkun) [[luo]] / [[luona]] / [[luokse]]
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|chez}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|bij}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W|io|che}}
* {{Z|en}}: at someone's home
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|casa}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|у}}
* {{Z|es}}: en casa de, {{W|es|donde}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|hos}}
* {{Z|tr}}: (bir kimsenin ya da bir şeyin) [[yan]]ında
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=}}
# {{g|ku|def}}, [[dahol]]
#* {{jêder|zza|jêgirtin=Çar hetanê Diyarbekirî ra vengê '''def''' û zirna bîne berz.|{{Jêgirtin/Serdar Roşan/Dara gozê/2002}}}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Kurtenav ===
{{kurtenav|en}}
# ''[[kurte|Kurte]]ya'' {{q|en|deficit}}.
# ''[[kurte|Kurte]]ya'' {{q|en|definitely}}.
# ''[[kurte|Kurte]]ya'' {{q|en|definition}}.

== {{ziman|sh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sh|z=}}
# [[sentor]]
#* {{bênimûne|sh}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[def#Kurdî|def]], [[qewirandin]], [[qewitandin]], jixwe[[dûr]]xistin
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>qsvgirvlrkt66jkm7sn03kbsmq2q4g8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dehf</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20322</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291071</id>
      <parentid>6263011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291071</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2886" sha1="kiq1mgzddxam0351u43d1auefiuarat" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dehf|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pêşve]][[lêdan]]a, [[paldan]], [[avêtin]]a ber bi [[pêş]]ve
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dehf'''ek bihêz lê da û avêt di çalê de.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Derî bi '''dehf'''danê vedibe, ne bi kêşanê.}}
# [[dehfandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دەحف}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dahf
|dahif
|daḧf
|daḧif
|dehf
|defh
|dehif
|deḧf
|deḧif
|de'f
|def
|def'
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dehf dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dehfdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;&lt;z:m&gt;
|dehfdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Teoriya 1: Dibe ku ji erebî {{g|ar|دَفْع}}(paş de dan, qewitandin, def kirin) bibe lê wê peyvê jixwe wek [[defkirin]] ketiye di kurdî.

Teoriya 2: [[hevreh|Hevrreha]] farisî {{g|fa|تهم}}(tehm), {{hv|ae|𐬙𐬀𐬑𐬨𐬀}} (xurt, bihêz); bide ber {{q|ku|zor dan}}. Bi ramana pal dan herwisa devkî wek &quot;tehm/tehn&quot; jî tê bi lêv kirin. Bide ber {{hv|ckb|تەوژم}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|dryf}}, {{W+|af|aandryf}}, {{W+|af|aandrywe}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|dringen}}, {{W+|de|rücken}}, {{W+|de|stoßen}}, {{W+|de|treiben}}, {{W+|de|anfeuern}}, {{W+|de|jagen}}, {{W+|de|vor sich hertreiben}}, {{W|de|Abweisung|f}}, {{W|de|Attrappe|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Vorstoß|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|støde}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|puŝi}}, {{W+|eo|puŝekfunkciigi}}, {{W+|eo|peli}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دفاع}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|fíra}}, {{W+|fo|trýsta}}, {{W+|fo|reka}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|työntää}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|dúste}}, {{W+|fy|stjitte}}, {{W+|fy|triuwe}}, {{W+|fy|oanfiere}}, {{W+|fy|oantriuwe}}, {{W+|fy|driuwe}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|duw}}, {{W+|nl|stoot}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|scufan}}, {{W-|ang|adræfan}}, {{W-|ang|dræfan}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|push}}, to {{W+|en|thrust}}, to {{W+|en|jolt}}, to {{W+|en|drive away}}, {{W+|en|plot}}, {{W|en|ponytail|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|spingere}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|empènyer}}, {{W+|ca|acuitar}}, {{W+|ca|arriar}}, {{W+|ca|conduir}}, {{W+|ca|empaitar}}, {{W+|ca|foragitar}}, {{W+|ca|impellir}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|desak … mendesak}}, {{W+|ms|dorong … mendorong}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|űz}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|pusha}}, {{W+|pap|stot}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|empurrar}}, {{W+|pt|impelir}}, {{W+|pt|tanger}}, {{W+|pt|tocar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|apăsa}}, {{W+|ro|împinge}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|гнать}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W+|srn|pusu}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|empujar}}, {{W+|es|acuciar}}, {{W+|es|arrear}}, {{W+|es|impeler}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|puffa}}, {{W+|sv|stöta}}, {{W+|sv|driva}}, {{W+|sv|fösa}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|itúlak}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|def}}, {{W+|tr|defetmek}}, {{W+|tr|defin}}, {{W+|tr|itek}}, {{W+|tr|itekleme}}, {{W+|tr|itiş}}, {{W+|tr|itme}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>kiq1mgzddxam0351u43d1auefiuarat</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>beşdar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20356</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291072</id>
      <parentid>6119289</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291072</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4032" sha1="6974hx4u7adudgda9lqsksplv42wosm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-beşdar.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|beşdar|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[pişkdar|Pişkdar]], [[tevlîbûyî]], &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê ku tiştekî dike yan li [[der]]ekê [[amade]] dibe.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ne '''beşdarê''' civînê bûm.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew jî dixwazin bibin '''beşdarê''' lîstikê.|Ew jî dixwazin [[lîstin|bilîzin]].}}
# [[hevpar|Hevpar]], [[hevpişk]], [[şirîk]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|beşdar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|beşdar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|beşdarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|beşdarbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|beşdarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|beşdarî
|beşdarîtî
|beşdartî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|beş|-dar}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Teilnehmer|n}}, {{W+|de|Teilnehmerin|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|iştirakçı}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ҡатнашыусы|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|удзе́льнік|n}}, {{W-|be|удзе́льніца|m}}, {{W-|be|уча́снік|n}}, {{W-|be|уча́сніца|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|уча́стник|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|účastník|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|參加者|tr=cānjiāzhě}}, {{W+|cmn|參與者|tr=cānyùzhě}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|deltager|g}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شرکت کننده}}, {{W+|fa|همباش}}, {{W+|fa|اعضاء}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|peserta}}, {{W+|id|partisipan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُشَارِك|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|մասնակից}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|partoprenanto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|osaleja}}, {{W-|et|osavõtja}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|شرکت‌کننده}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|osanottaja}}, {{W+|fi|osallistuja}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|participant|n}}, {{W+|fr|participante|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|dielnimmer|g}}, {{W-|fy|meidogger|g}}, {{W-|fy|partisipant|g}}

* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|participante|n|m}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|भागी|n}}, {{W-|hi|भागिनी|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|deelnemer|n}}, {{W+|nl|participant|n}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|dǣlnimend|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|participant}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|partecipante|n|m}}, {{W-|it|[[che]] [[partecipa]]}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|þátttakandi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|参加者|tr=さんかしゃ, sankasha}}, {{W-|ja|関与者|tr=かんよしゃ, kan'yosha}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|participant|n|m}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|참가자}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|particeps|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຜູ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມ}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|учесник|n}}, {{W-|mk|учесничка|m}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|പങ്കാളി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|peserta}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kaiuru}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|résztvevő}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|deltaker|n}}, {{W-|nb|deltager|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|deltakar|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|participant|n|m}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qatnashuvchi}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|uczestnik|n}}, {{W+|pl|uczestniczka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|participante|n|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|participant|n}}, {{W+|ro|participantă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|уча́стник|n}}, {{W+|ru|уча́стница|m}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|sumasalmot}}, {{W-|ceb|umaayap}}, {{W-|ceb|partisipante}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|у̀чеснӣк|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ùčesnīk|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|účastník|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|udeleženec|n}}, {{W-|sl|udeleženka|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|participante|n|m}}, {{W+|es|partícipe|n|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|deltagare|g}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|பங்கேற்பாளர்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ผู้เข้าร่วม}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|పాల్గొను వ్యక్తి}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|katılımcı}}, {{W+|tr|iştirakçı}}, {{W-|tr|müşterekçi}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|уча́сник}}, {{W+|uk|уча́сниця}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|người tham gia}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|συμμέτοχος|n|m}}, {{W-|el|μετέχων|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|participant|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75609635}}</text>
      <sha1>6974hx4u7adudgda9lqsksplv42wosm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>warîl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20444</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291073</id>
      <parentid>6254269</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:10:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291073</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1954" sha1="l53hxve87ltskgow2zl606p268qhq3d" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|warîl|mê}}
[[Wêne:Barrels2.jpg|thumb|Çend warîl]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[aman|Aman]]ên [[girover]] û [[mezin]] yên [[xisûsen]] [[petrol]] tê de tê [[parastin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|bermîl|kemole|den}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Warîl'''ek neftê bi 25 dolaran e.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji bîra Zaxoyê dê rojê 5 hezar '''varîl''' petrol were|Netkurd.org, 6/2006}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|barêl
|barîl
|varêl
|varîl
|warêl
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi rêya {{deyn|tr|ku|varil}} ji {{ji|el|ku|βαρέλι}} ji {{ji|it|ku|barrile}} ji {{ji|la|ku|barrilus}} / {{q|la|barriculus}} ji {{q|la|*barrica}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|warîlik
|warîlî
|warîlk
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|amana girover a mezin ji bo parastina petrolê}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Faß}}, {{W+|de|Barrel|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|sud}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|beholder}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|برميل}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|barelo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بشکه}}, {{W+|fa|بشکه}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|tunna}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tynnyri}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|tonneau}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|fust}}, {{W+|nl|ton}}, {{W+|nl|vat}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|barrel}}, {{W+|en|cask}}, {{W+|en|keg}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|barile}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|barril}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|cupa}}, {{W+|la|vas}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|tong}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|barrel}}, {{W+|hu|hordó}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|tønne}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|barí}}, {{W-|pap|drùm}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|beczka}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|barrica}}, {{W+|pt|barril}}, {{W+|pt|casco}}, {{W+|pt|pipa}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|butoi}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|бочка}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|bari}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|barril}}, {{W+|es|tonel}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|pipa}}, {{W+|sw|chombo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|fat}}, {{W+|sv|så}}, {{W+|sv|tunna}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|fiçi}}, {{W+|tr|varil}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>l53hxve87ltskgow2zl606p268qhq3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>melûl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20494</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291074</id>
      <parentid>6243384</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291074</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2643" sha1="a30vq9fkjo5in7x4ci7dbqi36um4zps" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|melûl}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[xemgîn]], [[xembar]], [[xemgîr]], [[bixem]], [[têrxem]], [[kovandar]], [[derdgiran]], [[keserkûr]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ji ber mirina kurrê xwe '''melûl''' e.
#: {{nm|ku|Bi dengek '''melûl''' distire.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Mensûx kirin wî dîn û millet&lt;br /&gt;'''Me'lûl''' kirin 'elîl û 'illet&lt;br /&gt;Fek'rî ko cihan cemî'i kifr e}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[xemnak]], [[keserkûr]], [[bikeser]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|melîl}}
* {{g|ku|melwîl}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|melûl bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|melûl kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|melûlbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|melûlkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|melûlbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|melûlkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|melûlî
|melûlîtî
|melûlker
|melûltî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|trishtuar}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|traurig}}, {{W+|de|bekümmert}}, {{W+|de|betrübt}}, {{W+|de|leidend}}, {{W+|de|niedergeschlagen}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|smutný}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: [[sade]]: [[哀伤]]
*: [[tradisyonal]]: [[哀傷]]
*: [[pinyînî]]: āi shāng
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|sendu}}, {{W+|id|sedih}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حزين|tr=ḧezîn}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|غمگین}}, {{W+|fa|دردمند}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|surullinen}}, {{W+|fi|surumielinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|triste}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|droevig}}, {{W+|nl|bedroefd}}, {{W+|nl|treurig}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|עצוב|tr=atzúv}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|dreorig}}, {{W-|ang|cearig}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sad}}, {{W+|en|griefed}}, {{W+|en|gloomy}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|triste#Italian}}
* {{Z|ja}}:
** [[kanjî]]: [[悲しい]]
** [[hîraganayî]]: [[かなしい]]
** [[romajî]]: [[kanashī]]
* {{ko}} :
** [[hangulî]]: [[슬픈]]
** [[romajî]]: [[sŭl.pŭn]]
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|trist}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|tristis}}, {{W+|la|maestus}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szomorú}}
* {{Z|nb}}: {{W|nb|trist}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|smutny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|triste#Portuguese}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|грустный}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|tmuran}}; [[žalostan]]
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|triste}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ledsen}}, {{W+|sv|sorgsen}}, {{W+|sv|olycklig}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|విచారము|tr=vicaaramu}}, [[దిగులు]] (digulu)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|üzgün}}, {{W+|tr|mahzun}}, {{W+|tr|melül}}, {{W+|tr|melul}}, {{W+|tr|sönük}}, {{W+|tr|süzük}}, {{W+|tr|sökel}}, {{W+|tr|süzgün}}, {{W+|tr|meyus}}, {{W+|tr|mahmur}}, {{W+|tr|zayıf}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|λυπημένος|tr=lypēménos}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>a30vq9fkjo5in7x4ci7dbqi36um4zps</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sorav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291075</id>
      <parentid>6244600</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291075</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1397" sha1="9mf2nouk5j4ohqugej7in0evhlkhe04" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# [[boyax|Boyax]]a [[sor]] (ya [[pîvazî]]) ya [[jin]] li [[lêv]]ên xwe didin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|ruj}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wê '''sorav''' li lêvên xwe daye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hin misilman dibêjin ku '''sorav''' heram e.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|sorab
|sorav
|soraw
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|gulav}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|[[sorav dan|sorav lê dan]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sorav kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|soravlêdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|soravkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|[[soravdayî|soravlêdayî]]&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|soravkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêsorav
|bêsoravî
|bisorav
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|sor|av}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Lippenstift|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|唇膏}}
* {{Z|fi}}: [[huulipuna]] (1)
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|rouge à lèvres|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lippenstift|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שפתון}}, {{W-|he|אורם}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|lipstick}}, {{W+|en|florid}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|rossetto|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|口紅}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|립스틱}}, {{W-|ko|sorav|f}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|batom|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[губная помада]] (gubnája pomáda)
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lápiz labial|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|läppstift}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ruj}}, {{W+|tr|allık}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κραγιόν|n}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9mf2nouk5j4ohqugej7in0evhlkhe04</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêran</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20525</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291076</id>
      <parentid>6290340</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291076</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2918" sha1="morez7bq1mr3omzdplh3k1pgfgfu4r4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/heːˈɾɑːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|hêlan|form=gerguhêz|niha=hêr|borî=hêra}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[hêrdin]], [[hûr]] kirin, [[biçûk]] kirin (bi taybetî bi [[amûr]]ekê [[şkandin]] daku [[hûr]] bibe)
#: {{nm|ku|Aş genimî '''dihêre''' û dike ar.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هێران}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|hêrandin
|hêrtin
|vehêran
|vehêrandin
|vehêrtin
}}

==== Tewîn ====
: -hêr-

==== Etîmolojî ====
Têkildarî '''[[ar]]''' (1) û '''[[hûr]]'''

Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: '''*el'''- (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;),
{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: '''*ar'''- (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;),
{{ae}}: '''ar'''- (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;),
{{pal}}: '''ār'''- (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;),
{{ho}}: '''ārr'''- (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;),
{{sog}}: ''''rd''' (&quot;kerayê ari&quot;), ''''rd'rn'k''' (&quot;arî&quot;),
{{har}}: ''''rd''' (&quot;ar&quot;),
{{fa}}: '''ārd''' (&quot;ar&quot;) ''Eslê vê peyvê ne farisî ye.'',
{{ku}}: '''hēr-''' (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;), '''ārd''' (&quot;ar&quot;),
[[belûçî]]: '''ārt''' (&quot;ar&quot;),
[[sîvendî]]: '''ārde''' (&quot;ar&quot;),
{{hac}}: '''hār-''' (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;), '''ārdi''' (&quot;ar&quot;),
({{zza}}: '''ārd''') {{ir}},
{{sa}}: '''ātā''' (&quot;ar&quot;),
{{el}}: '''aleo''' (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;),
{{hy}}: '''alam''' (&quot;[[hêran]]&quot;)

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.166]]&lt;/font&gt; | &lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Pokorny:''' 28 f.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''[[hevreh|Hevreh]]:''' [[ar]] (1)&lt;/font&gt;

Herwiha bide ber sûmerî [[𒄯]] (ara₃ /ara/: hêran)

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|danhêr
|danhêrî
|danhêrik
|danhêrk
|[[diran]] (dihêran)
|genimhêr
|genimhêrî
|genimhêrik
|genimhêrk
|goşthêr
|goşthêrî
|goşthêrik
|goşthêrk
|-hêr
|-hêrî
|hêrayî
|vehêr
|vehêrî
|vehêrayî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|mahlen}}, {{W|de|kleinmahlen}}, {{W|de|verdauen}}, {{W|de|zerkleinern}}, {{W|de|zermahlen}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|male}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|mueli}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|آسیاب کردن}}, {{W|fa|خردکردن}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|mala}}, {{W|fo|knúsa}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|jauhaa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|moudre}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|meale}}, {{W|fy|mealle}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|kwellen}}, {{W|nl|malen}}, {{W|nl|vermalen}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|grind}}, to {{W|en|pulverize}}, to {{W|en|mince}}, to {{W|en|crush}}, {{W|en|grinding|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|grist|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|crunch|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|levigating|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|levigation|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|macinare}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|moldre}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W|yua|huch’}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|moer}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|moler}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|öğütmek}}, {{W|tr|öğütme}}, {{W|tr|kırmak}}, {{W|tr|çekmek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hêran|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>morez7bq1mr3omzdplh3k1pgfgfu4r4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>şan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20559</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291077</id>
      <parentid>6262352</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291077</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5770" sha1="881e1x8a6h5u3qy4ytw81m8x8hq4e4s" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|şan}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-şan.wav|Deng|dever=Bidlîs}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
[[Wêne:Honey comb.jpg|thumb|Şanek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[qalib|Qalibê]] [[hingiv]]î.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|شان}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} {{recons|ine-pro|kh₂ónks}} (k-ya {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} di kurdî de dibe &quot;s&quot; yan &quot;ş&quot;), [[hevreh]]a latviyayî [[šūna]], albanî [[qengjë]] (şan), tokarî B ''kronkśe'' ([[hing]], [[mêş]]a hingivî), yûnaniya kevn [[κνηκός]] (knêkos: zerê vebûyî), latînî [[canecon]] ([[zêr]]) û peyvên cermenî yên bi maneya &quot;hingiv&quot;: îngilîzî [[honey]], almanî [[Honig]], holendî [[honing]], swêdî [[honung]]... (K-ya {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} di zimanên cermenî de dibe H.) Lê &quot;[[hingiv]]&quot;a kurdî ne hevreha wan e, li rûpela [[hingiv]] binere.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Wabe|f}}, {{W+|de|Bienenwabe|f}}, {{W+|de|Honigwabe}}, {{W+|de|Achsel|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Prominenz|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Ruhm|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[пчелна пита]] (pčelna pita), [[пита]] (pita)
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|plástev}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|蜂窩}}, [[蜂窝]] (fēngwō), [[蜂巢]] (fēngcháo)
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قرص عسل}}
* {{Z|hy}}: [[մեղրախորիսխ]] (meġraxorisx)
* [[erziyayî]]: [[керяз]] (ker'az)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|mielĉelaro}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|موم عسل}}, {{W-|fa|کندوی زنبور|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|hunajakenno}}, {{W+|fi|kenno}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|rayon de miel|m}}, {{W-|fr|rayon de ruche|m}}, {{W-|fr|alvéole d’abeille|f}}, {{W+|fr|alvéole|f}}
* {{Z|hi}}: [[छत्ता]] (čattā), [[मधु कोष]] (madhu koš)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|honeycomb}}, {{W+|en|fame|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|glory|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|honor|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|honour|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|particularity|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|trait|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|repute|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vaxkaka}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[蜂の巣]] (はちのす, hachi no su), {{W+|ja|蜂巣|tr=ほうそう, hōsō}}, [[ハニカム]] (ja) (hanikamu)
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|bresca}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|favus|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|kāre|f}}, {{W-|lv|šūna|f}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|lép}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|plaster miodu}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|favo de mel|m}}, {{W+|pt|favo}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|fagure}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[соты]] (soti)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|petek}}, {{W+|tr|alâmet|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|araz|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|belgi|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|belirti|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|emare|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|gösterge|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|haberci|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|im|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|karine|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|koku|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|omuz|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|san|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|şan|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|şöhret|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tezahür|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|چھتا|tr=čattā}}, {{W-|ur|مدھو کوش|tr=madhu koš}}
* {{Z|el}}: [[μελικηρίς]] (melikirís), {{W-|el|μελιτόκηρον|n}}, {{W-|el|μελόπηττα|f}}, [[κηρήθρα]] (kiríthra), [[μελισσοκόμικος]] (melissokómikos)
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
[[Wêne:Hairbrush.jpg|thumb|Şanek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[firçe|Firçeya]] mirov pê [[por]]ê xwe [[hilû]] dike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|şe|şeh}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Her tiştê wek wî.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Şanê''' [[berik]]an.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|şane}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|şan kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|şankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;&lt;z:m&gt;
|şankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|şanik
|şanikî
|şanî
|şank
|şanker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, bi pehlewî ''şanek'', soranî û zazakî [[şane]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|krihem}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kamm|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|hřeben}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kam}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|kombilo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[شانه]] (şane)
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kampa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|peigne}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|cìr}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|kam}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|camb}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|comb}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|kambur}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|pinta}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|sisir}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|xaache’}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|fésű}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|kam}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|peña}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|grzebień}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|pente}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|pieptene}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|kankan}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|peine}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kam}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sukláy}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tarak}}, {{W+|tr|omuz|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|san|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|şan|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|şöhret|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tezahür|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|ün|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|κτένι}}, {{W+|el|χτένα}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[şeref]], [[navdarî]], [[meşhûrî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ka Kurdistana min, ka ? &lt;br&gt;Ka kesk û sor û zer, spî û gewhera min, ala Kurdistan ka? &lt;br&gt;Ka '''şan''' û şerefa min?&lt;br&gt;Ka Nasnameya min?|Bayram Ayaz: ''Olimpiya 2004, ka Kurdistana min?'', Kerkuk-kurdistane.com, 8/2004}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 4 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# înşela, hêvîdar im ku
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[mil]]
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|شان}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=n}}
# [[êvar]]
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[nav]], [[navûdeng]], [[şan]], şan û şeref
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>881e1x8a6h5u3qy4ytw81m8x8hq4e4s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hafiz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20595</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291078</id>
      <parentid>6244223</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291078</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1707" sha1="6klue45y73fvw5li90h86730q8bx1mi" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê ku tiştek [[ji ber kirin|ji ber kiriye]], kesê ku tiştekî [[ji ber]] [[zanîn|dizane]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hafizê''' Quranê.}}
# Kesê Quranê [[ji ber kirin|ji ber kiriye]].
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=K'ez û sazend-i mehfilha«&lt;/br&gt;Ji '''Hafiz''' qutbê şîrazî&lt;/br&gt;Mela fehm er bikî razî}}
# Kesê ku bi [[çav]]ên xwe [[karîn|nikare]] tiştan [[dîtin|bibîne]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|kor|bêçav}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|hafez
|hafîz
|ḧafez
|ḧafiz
|ḧafîz
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hafiz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;&lt;w:[[kor]] bûn&gt;
|hafiz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hafizbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hafizkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hafizbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hafizkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hafizî
|hafizîtî
|hafizker
|hafiztî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حَافِظ}}, dema niha ya {{qal|ar|حَفِظَ||muhafeze kirin, ezbere zanîn}}, eleqedarê ''[[hafize]]''.
{{root|ku|ar|ح ف ظ}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kesê Quranê ji ber kiriye}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حافظ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حافظ قرآن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|hafiz}} (a Muslim who has memorized the whole Qur'an)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hafız}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|kesê tiştekî ji ber kiriye}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حافظ}}
* {{Z|en}}: a {{g|en|person}} who has memorized something, {{W|en|word perfect}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hafız}} (bir şeyi ezberlemiş kimse)
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|kesê nikare bibîne}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|blind man}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|görme engelli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6klue45y73fvw5li90h86730q8bx1mi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ji ber</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20614</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291079</id>
      <parentid>6261536</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291079</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7821" sha1="4h6orw9p5l05wju7po6zihig1y47r7u" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-jiber.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[sedem]], [[sebeb]], [[eger]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ji ber''' çi.|çima? / sebeb çi ye?|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''ji ber''' çi nehatine?|rêz=1|Sedema nehatina wan çi ye?}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''ji ber''' zarokan xwe naxwaze welatê xwe terk bike.}}
# [[bê|bêyî]] ku lê bêt [[nêrîn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew Quranê '''ji ber''' dizane.|Ew dikare Quranê bixwîne bêyî ku li [[rûpel]]ên wê [[nerîn|binere]].|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Mekrûh û tehrîm e nezer&lt;/br&gt;Ew sofiyê “Yasîn” '''jiber'''&lt;/br&gt;Wan sê şevan xwendin li ser}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ژ به‌ر}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|manê}} {{mj|1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|sernav=Li gel mane 1 û 2
|jiber
|monê vê
}}
{{kol3|ku|sernav=Li gel mane 2
|ezber
|ez ber
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê|sernav=mane 1
|ji ber çi
|ji ber hindê
|ji ber ku
}}
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê|sernav=mane 2
|jiberker
|ji ber kirin
|jiberkirin
|jiberkirî
|ji ber zanîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ji|ber}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|ji ber sebebekî}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|as gevolg van}}, {{W+|af|weens}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|wegen}}, {{W+|de|vor}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|görə}}, {{W-|az|üzündən}}, {{W-|az|ucbatından}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|арҡаһында|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|з-за}}, {{W-|be|праз}}
* {{Z|bi}}: {{W-|bi|from}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|поради}}, {{W+|bg|заради}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကြောင့်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kvůli}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|由於|tr=yóuyú}}, {{W-|cmn|基於|tr=jīyú}}, {{W+|cmn|為了|tr=wèile}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|på grund af}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|karena}}, {{W+|id|lantaran}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بِسَبَب}}, {{W-|ar|بِحُكْم}}, {{W-|ar|بِهَدَفّ}}, {{W-|ar|بِفَضْل}}, {{W-|ar|عَنّ طَرِيق}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|بسبب|tr=besababb}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بسبب|tr=bisabab}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|على حق|tr=ʕla ḥaqq}}, {{W-|ary|بسبب|tr=b-sabab}}, {{W-|ary|على قبل|tr=ʕla qibal}}, {{W-|ary|على ود|tr=ʕla wudd}}, {{W-|ary|على وجه|tr=ʕla wajh}}, {{W-|ary|من أجل|tr=min ʔajl}}, {{W-|ary|على مسبة|tr=ʕla msabba}}, {{W-|ary|بسبة|tr=b-sabba}}, {{W-|ary|على قبل|tr=ʕla qbul}}, {{W-|ary|بسباب|tr=be-sbāb}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|պատճառով}}, {{W+|hy|համար}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|pro}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|به خاطر|tr=be xâtere}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|takia}}, {{W+|fi|vuoksi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|à cause de}}, {{W+|fr|grâce à}}, {{W+|fr|en raison de}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|fanwege}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|ri linn}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|dla}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|por mor de}}, {{W-|gl|por causa de}}, {{W-|gl|a causa de}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გამო|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|akòz}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|wegens}}, {{W+|nl|vanwege}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|בִּגְלַל}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|pro}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|for}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|because of}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|mar gheall ar}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|a causa di}}, {{W-|it|per via di}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vegna}}, {{W-|is|út af}}, {{W-|is|fyrir tilstilli}}, {{W-|is|sökum}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|せい|cuda=...のせいで|tr=... no sei de}}, {{W+|ja|ため|cuda=のために|tr=... no tame ni}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|pissutigalugu}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|per culpa de}}, {{W-|ca|gràcies a}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|nĩ ũndũ wa}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|ha siɓaɓu ya}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|achakes de}}, {{W-|lad|por modo de}}, {{W-|lad|por modre}}, {{W-|lad|pormo}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|propter}}, {{W+|la|ob}}, {{W+|la|prae}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|dēļ}}, {{W+|lv|pēc}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|minħabba f'}}, {{W-|mt|ħabb f'}}, {{W-|mt|talli}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|miatt}}, {{W+|hu|következtében}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|pour l'amour de}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|på grunn av}}, {{W+|no|for}}, {{W-|no|i kraft av}}, {{W-|nn|for skuld}}, {{W-|no|som følge av}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|z powodu}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|por causa de}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|din cauza}}, {{W-|ro|din motive de}}, {{W+|ro|pentru}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|из-за}}, {{W-|ru|всле́дствие}}, {{W-|ru|ра́ди}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|a causa de}}, {{W-|es|debido a}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|jalaran}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kwa ajili ya}}, {{W-|sw|kwa sababu ya}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|på grund av}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|ha saɓaɓu ya}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|dahil sa}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เนื่องจาก}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yüzünden}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|з-за}}, {{W-|uk|і́з-за}}, {{W-|uk|че́рез}}, {{W-|uk|вна́слідок}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|par}}, {{W-|vec|visto che}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|bởi}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|sekü}}, {{W+|vo|kodü}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|a cåze di}}, {{W+|wa|di cåze di}}, {{W+|wa|cåze di}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|λόγω}}, {{W+|el|εξαιτίας}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|διά}}, {{W-|grc|ἕνεκα}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|because of|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75777434}}

{{werger-ser|ezber, ji bîra xwe, bêyî lênêrînê}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|auswendig}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|əzbər}}, {{W-|az|əzbərdən}}, {{W-|az|hafizədən}}, {{W-|az|döşdən}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|напа́мяць}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|dindan eñvor}}, {{W-|br|dre eñvor}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|наизу́ст}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zpaměti}}, {{W+|cs|nazpaměť}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|靠記憶|tr=kào jìyì}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|inamiant}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|udenad}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عَنْ ظَهْرِ ٱلْقَلْبِ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|անգիր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|parkere}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|peast}}, {{W-|et|pähe}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|از بر|tr=az bar}}, {{W-|fa|از حفظ|tr=az hefz}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|uttanat}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ulkoa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|par cœur}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|air teangaidh}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ზეპირად|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W-|nl|uit het hoofd}}, {{W-|nl|van buiten}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|בְּעַל פֶּה|tr=be'ál pé}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|memore}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|by heart}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|a memoria}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|utanað}}, {{W-|is|utanbókar}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|暗記|tr=あんきして, anki-shite|cuda=暗記して|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|空で|tr=そらで, sora-de|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|de cor}}, {{W-|ca|de memòria}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|암기하다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|memoriter}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|mintinai}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|напамет|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|mk|наизуст|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kívülről}}, {{W-|hu|fejből}}, {{W+|hu|betéve}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|par tchoeu}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|utenat}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|utanåt}}, {{W-|nn|utanboks}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|na pamięć}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|de cor}}, {{W-|pt|de memória}}, {{W-|pt|na ponta da língua}}, {{W-|pt|de cabeça}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|pe de rost}}, {{W-|ro|pe dinafară}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|наизу́сть}}, {{W-|ru|на па́мять}}, {{W-|ru|назубо́к}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|napamet}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|naspamäť}}, {{W-|sk|spamäti}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|z głowy}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|z hłowy}}, {{W-|hsb|z pomjatka}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|de memoria}}, {{W-|es|de cabeza}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|utantill}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ezbere}}, {{W+|tr|ezberden}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|на па́м'ять}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|απέξω|sc=Grek}}, {{W+|el|αποστηθίζω}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|by heart|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75570059}}</text>
      <sha1>4h6orw9p5l05wju7po6zihig1y47r7u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>xwas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20626</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291080</id>
      <parentid>6263407</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291080</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1349" sha1="pvox2n4kowhj7xzrn2xtn5pbo70se6g" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/xʷɑs/}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesê ku [[pêlav]] yan [[gore]] li [[pî|piyan]] [[nîne]]; [[bê]] [[sol]] yan [[gore]].
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek zarokên vî bajarî rûs û '''xwas''' digerin.|(bê cil û bê pêlav digerin)|rêz=1}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|lingxas
|lingxwas
|nigxwas
|pêxwas
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|xas}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ae|ku|xvā.aoθra-}}{{çp}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|xwasî
|xwasîtî
|xwasker
|xwastî
|xwasbûyî
|xwaskirî
|xwas bûn
|xwas kirin
|xwasbûn
|xwaskirin
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* Soranî: [[xaws]], xwas
* Hewramî: [[wirwa]]
* Zazakî: [[warway]], [[warpay]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|zbathur}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|barfuß}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|oin-has}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|赤足}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حافيالقدمين}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|paljasjalkainen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|pieds nus}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|barrevoets}}, {{W+|nl|blootsvoets}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W-|io|nud-peda}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|barefoot}}, {{W+|en|bare}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|descalzo}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|descalç}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mezítláb}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|bos}}, {{W+|sh|bosonog}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|descalzo}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yalın ayak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pvox2n4kowhj7xzrn2xtn5pbo70se6g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hing</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20696</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291081</id>
      <parentid>6282705</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291081</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5708" sha1="rcrgs0o3494jhc3qh9wbq8fhv06kls4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/hɪŋɡ/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
[[Wêne:Bee Collecting Pollen 2004-08-14.jpg|thumb|Hing (1)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[mêş|Mêş]]ên ku [[hingiv]]î [[berhev]] dikin.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[moz]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[pal]]
#: {{nm|ku|Bide ber '''hingan'''.|pal bide|rêz=1}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|mêşa hingiv
|mêşhingiv
|moza hingiv
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|heng}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hingê}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hingiv
|hingivî
|hingivî
|hingivîn
|hingivînî
|hingî
|hingvan
|hingvanî
}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Li qelbê me derwêşan&lt;/br&gt;Aşiq ji dest bi '''heng''' in&lt;/br&gt;Ji dax û zecr û êşan}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|bletë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Biene|f}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W|an|abella|f}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W|ast|abeya}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W|be|пчала}} (pčala)
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W|bn|মৌমাছি}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|пчела}} (pčela)
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|včela|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|蜂}} (fēng); {{W|zh|蜜蜂}} (mì fēng)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|bi}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|lebah}}, {{W|id|tawon}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|نَحْلَة}} (neħle), {{W|ar|النوب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|մեղու}} (méghou)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|abelo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W|et|mesilane}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|زنبور}} (zanbur), {{W|fa|زنبور عسل|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|هنگ|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|mehiläinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|abeille}}
* {{Z|roa-gal}}: {{W|roa-gal|avètt}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W|gu|મધુમાખી}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W|gn|eiru}}, {{W|gn|eira rúa}}, {{W|gn|eíra}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|मधुमक्खी}} (maḍumaḳḳī)
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|bij|f}} ; {{W|nl|honingbij}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|דְּבוֹרָה}}  (dvorah)
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|bēo}}, {{W-|ang|beo}}, {{W-|ang|bio}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|bee}}, {{W|en|honeybee}}, {{W|en|divertissement}}, {{W|en|hobby}}, {{W|en|regalement}}, {{W|en|revel|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|revelry|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W|ia|ape}}, {{W|ia|apicula}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|beach}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|ape|f}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|bý}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|蜂|tr=はち, hachi}} ; {{W|ja|蜜蜂|tr=みつばち, mitsubachi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|abella|f}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|꿀벌}} (ggul.bŏl)
* {{Z|co}}: {{W|co|abba}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|apis|f}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W|lv|bite}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|bitė|f}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|méh}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W|mn|зөгий}} (zögiĭ)
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|bie}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W|oc|abhela}} ; {{W|oc|abelha de mèl}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W|os|мыдыбындз}} (mydybyndz)
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|pszczoła|f}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|abelha|f}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W|pa|ਮਧੁ}} {{W|pa|ਮਕ੍ਖੀ}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W|rom|berorî}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|albină|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|пчела}} (pčěla)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|pčela|f}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|pčèla}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|пчела}} (pčela)
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|včela}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|čebela|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|abeja|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|bi}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W|tg|занбур}} (zanbur); {{W|tg|занбӯр}}и {{W|tg|асал}} (zanbūri asal)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|arı}}, {{W|tr|balarısı}}, {{W|tr|alay}}, {{W|tr|âlem}}, {{W|tr|cümbüş}}, {{W|tr|dönem|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|eğlence|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|form|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|keriz|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|matrak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|meşk|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|meze|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sefa|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sefahat|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W|ur|شہد}} {{W|ur|کی}} {{W|ur|مکھی}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W|uk|бджола}} (bdžola)
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W|vi|ong}} &lt;!-- (API : /auŋ/) --&gt;
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W|cy|gwenyn}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W|yi|בין}} (bin)
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W|grc|μελιττα}} (mélitta)
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|μέλισσα}} (mélissa)
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[mîzah]], [[qerf]], [[henek]], [[pêkenok]], [[komedî]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|heng}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hingê}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|hingî
|hingvan
|hingvanî
}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[şer]], [[dahwî]], [[nizhe]], [[qewxe]], [[teşqele]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji bona navbera mêran de şer – '''hing''' mezin newe, tu nerindî çênebin, jin ê şara serê xwe bavên ber wana|xalko.ezkime.com|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425235629/http://xalko.ezkime.com/sar-u-kitan/}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Yanî ev '''hing''' û ding û helahop hemû ji bo ku kurd li tu beşekî Kurdistanê azad nebin|zinarexamo|url=http://zinarexamo.blogspot.com.tr/2015/03/peykere-sehid-hucam-surci.html}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li ser vê, di navbera Hemîdo û berdevkên wî û her du birayan da şorên nexwaş hatin kirin û '''hing''' derket.|birnebun|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920150438/http://birnebun.eu/hejmar/birnebunweb51.pdf}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|heng}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Gezänk}}, {{W|de|Fehde}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Hader}} {{n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|جنگ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|affray}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|dalaş}}, {{W|tr|hır}}, {{W|tr|kavga}}, {{W|tr|maraza}}, {{W|tr|savaş}}, {{W|tr|cenk}}
{{werger-bin}}
{{mijar|ku|buxik}}

== {{ziman|et}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|et}}
# {{g|ku|can}}, {{g|ku|giyan}}, {{g|ku|ruh}}
#* {{bênimûne|et}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|et|can}}

== {{ziman|sco}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sco}}
# {{g|ku|tişt}}
#* {{bênimûne|sco}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sco|tişt}}</text>
      <sha1>rcrgs0o3494jhc3qh9wbq8fhv06kls4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kîlo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20740</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291082</id>
      <parentid>6283708</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291082</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2100" sha1="p8oc31iuexpowtov6my1dnh28q3d0iv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/kiːloː/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kîlo|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|devkî}} [[kîlogram]], [[kg]], 1 000 [[gram]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kîloyek''' şekirê, '''kîloyek''' bacansoran.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kîlo dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kîlodan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kêlo}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|tixar
|batman
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Kilo|nt}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|кіло́|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|kilo}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kilo}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|啟羅|tr=kai2 lo4}} 
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|奇勞|tr=ki-ló}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|公斤|tr=gōngjīn}}, {{W+|cmn|千克|tr=qiānkè}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kilo|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|كِيلُو|n}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|كيلو|n|tr=kīlu}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|կիլո}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kilo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کیلو|tr=kilu}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|kilo|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kilo}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|kilo|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|quilo}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|კილო|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|किलो|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|kilo}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|kilo}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|chilo|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|キロ|tr=kiro|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|quilo|n}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|킬로}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ກິໂລ}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|kilo|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|kilo|n|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|kilo|n|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|quilo|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|kil|nt}}, {{W+|ro|chil|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|кило́|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|kilo|nt}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|kila|m}} 
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|kilo}}, {{W+|es|quilo}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kilo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kilo|nt}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|โล|tr=loh}}, {{W+|th|กิโล}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|кіло́|nt|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|קילאָ|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κιλό|nt|sc=Grek}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|kilo|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=77772289}}</text>
      <sha1>p8oc31iuexpowtov6my1dnh28q3d0iv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>may</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20839</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291083</id>
      <parentid>6263082</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291083</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2669" sha1="5kb1e53y305neckus58t9ap1rpk4pa6" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|May}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
;may(ê xwe) tê dan, may(ê xwe) tê kirin
# [[dest tê werdan]], [[têkil bûn]], [[midaxele]] kirin
#: {{nm|ku|Divê hikûmet '''mayê''' xwe di karê rojnamevanan neke.|Nabe ku hikûmet ji rojnamevanan re bibêjin ku divê hûn wiha bikin û wiha nekin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li [[vêrê]] min divêt xaleka dî jî diyar bikim; bila dewletên dewrûber li ser mesela dahatûya Iraqê, ko dibêjin pêdivî ye dîsan ji [[lay]]ê Iraqiyan ve bihête tesbîtkirin, '''mayê xwe tê nekin''' û zextê li ser gelê Iraqê nekin.|General Ezîz Weysî ''li gor'' Kerkuk-kurdistan.com, 1/2004}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ma}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|may tê kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|maytêkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|maytêkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|maytêker
|maytêkerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ira}}, [[hevreh]]a farisî {{g|fa|مایه}} (mayê: [[havên]]), têkilî [[meyandin]] û [[made]], [[mey]], [[meyxweş]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|may tê kirin}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|mengintervensi}}, {{W+|id|ikut campur}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|vahele astuma}}, {{W+|et|sekkuma}}, {{W+|et|interveneerima}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|توجه}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sekaantua}}, {{W+|fi|mennä väliin}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|intervenir}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|intervir}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|intervenar}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|intervene}}, {{W|en|meddling|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|intervenir}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|intervenire}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|interweniować}}, {{W+|pl|wkraczać}}, {{W+|pl|ingerować}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|karışmak}}, [[müdahale]] etmek
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=m}}
# [[mê]] (ne [[nêr]])
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-May.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-may.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-may.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-may.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-may.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|en}}
# [[belkî]], [[bûn|dibe]] [[ku]]
#: {{mk|en|I '''may''' go.|Belkî ez biçim. Dibe ku ez biçim.|rêz=1}}
# [[destûr]] [[heye]]
#: {{mk|en|'''May''' I go?|Dibe ez biçim? Destûr heye ku ez biçim?|rêz=1}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|en|can}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|az|LL-Q9292 (aze)-Azerbaijani audiorecordings-may.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# [[gulan]], (meha pêncem)
#* {{bêmînak|az}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{lîste:meh/az}}</text>
      <sha1>5kb1e53y305neckus58t9ap1rpk4pa6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fîq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20848</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291084</id>
      <parentid>6281224</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291084</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2413" sha1="hlnwo5rhk28893c5qkce811q3m5m6ym" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|fîk}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Anderson Sophie Shepherd Piper 1881.jpg|thumb|Lawikek li fîqê dide.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|muzîk}} [[alav|Alav]]eke [[muzîk]]ê ye ku mirov dike di devê xwe de û [[pif]] dike û [[til]]ên xwe li ser [[kunik]]ên wê [[livandin|dilivîne]] daku [[awaz]]ên cuda-cuda jê derkevin.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|fîx}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|bilûr
|ney
|şimşal
}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فیق}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|fêqî}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|biziq
|keman
|od
|piyano
|saz
|tembûr
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|fîqî
|fîqvan
|fîqvanî
|diranfîq
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Flöte|f}}, {{W|de|Pfeife|f}}, {{W|de|Schalmei|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|长笛}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|fløjte|c}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[نّاي]] (nay)
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|سوتک|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|huilu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|flute|f}}, {{W|fr|flûte|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|fluit}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|flute}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|flauto|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|フルート}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|플루트}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|tibia|f}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|flet|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|flauta|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[флейта]] (fl'êyta)
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|flauta|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|flöjt}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alaca bulaca}}, {{W+|tr|alacalı bulacalı}}, {{W+|tr|düdük|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|flüt|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kaval|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 1 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[çûr]], [[sîs]], [[kever]], [[spî]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Pîlotekî Ingilîztanê yê Şîrketa Aurignyyê navê wî Ray Bo ye, gava balafira xwe ji balafirgehê rakir hewa û hêj di nava ewran re hevraz diçû, ha ku dît va ye tiştekî '''fîq''' sipî û şûledar û dirêj wek tîpa balafira wî li pêşiya wî ye û berepêş diçe, lê ruhniyeke wisan tûj li dora xwe  belav dike ku çavên mirovan jê têne girtin.|Lotikxane.com, 6/2007}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|fîqî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 2 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ji bo dranan [[firk]] û bi ali dervî dev ve
#: {{nm|ku|Dranên min ji zarokiyê ve '''fîq''' in.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|dranfîq}}</text>
      <sha1>hlnwo5rhk28893c5qkce811q3m5m6ym</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>heyran</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20855</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291085</id>
      <parentid>6253440</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291085</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1565" sha1="0czohgzh4w868ugerk082yomkbh8z97" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ħɛjˈɾɑːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[gorî|Gorî]], [[dilsoz]], [[fîda]], &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê [[gelek]] ji tiştekî [[hez]] dike.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''heyranî''' zimanê kurdî me.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[qurban|Qurban]], [[feşanî]], [[cangorî]], [[canfeşanî]].}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ser de libasê xett û xal&lt;br /&gt;Sergeşte '''heyran''' ma û lal&lt;br /&gt;Ehmed ko dî nûra semed}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ḧeyran}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|heywan}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|heyran bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|[[heyran kirin|xwe heyran kirin]]&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heyranbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|[[heyrankirin|xweheyrankirin]]&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heyranbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|heyrankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|heyranî
|heyranîtî
|heyrantî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حیران|tr=heyran}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Bewunderer}}, {{W|de|erstaunt}}, {{W|de|hingerissen}}, {{W|de|Verehrer|m}}, {{W|de|mein Lieber!}}, {{W|de|oh Schreck!}}, {{W|de|entzückt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تعجب زده}}, {{W+|fa|شگفت زده}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|omistautunut}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|devoted}}, {{W+|en|dedicated}}, {{W+|en|vowed}}, {{W+|en|zealous}}, {{W+|en|lover}}, {{W+|en|feal}}, {{W|en|singere|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}:  {{W+|tr|hayran}}, {{W+|tr|antilop}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# (cûnek stranan) {{bnr2|heyranok}}</text>
      <sha1>0czohgzh4w868ugerk082yomkbh8z97</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>proje</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20887</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291086</id>
      <parentid>6262850</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291086</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5244" sha1="80vc8iq9ty3de2kajjtec75wp7cpjp5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|p(h)roje}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|proje|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kar]]ekî [[diyar]]kirî yê ku [[piştî]] çend [[qonax]]an [[bi dawî hatin|bi dawî têt]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hikûmetê '''projeyeke''' bo nehêlana bêmaliyê amade kiriye.}}
# [[plan]], [[program]], [[bername]], [[hazirî]], [[tevdîr]]
#: {{nm|ku|Kes nizane ka plan û '''projeyên''' wan çi ne.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پرۆژە}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|piroje
|pirojekt
|pirojêkt
|projekt
|projêkt
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|projektîv
|projektor
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|la|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|proje kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|projekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|projekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|projekar
|projekarî
|projeyî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|projek}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|ndërmarrje|m}}, {{W+|sq|projekt|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Projekt|nt}}, {{W+|de|Vorhaben|nt}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|প্ৰকল্প}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|layihə}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|прае́кт|n}}, {{W-|be|план|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|প্রজেক্ট}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|прое́кт|n}}, {{W+|bg|план|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ပရိုဂျက်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|projekt|n}}, {{W+|cs|plán|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|計劃|tr=jìhuà}}, {{W+|cmn|方案|tr=fāng'àn}}, {{W+|cmn|項目|tr=xiàngmù}}, {{W+|cmn|工程|tr=gōngchéng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|projekt|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|proyek}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مَشْرُوع|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|مشروع|n|tr=mašrūʕ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|նախագիծ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|projekto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|projekt}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پروژه|tr=prože}}, {{W+|fa|پیش‌افکند|tr=piš-afkand}}, {{W+|fa|نقشه|tr=naqše}}, {{W+|fa|طرح|tr=tarh}}, {{W+|fa|لایحه|tr=lâyehe}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|verkætlan|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hanke}}, {{W+|fi|projekti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|projet|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|progjet|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|proxecto|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გეგმა}}, {{W-|ka|პროექტი}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|pwojè}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|परियोजना|m}}, {{W+|hi|योजना|m}}, {{W-|hi|प्रोजैक्ट}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|project|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|פְּרוֹיֶקְט|n|tr=proyékt}}, {{W+|he|מֵיזָם|n|tr=meizám}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|projeto}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|project}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|tionscadal|n}}, {{W-|ga|togra|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|progetto|n}}, {{W+|it|studio|n}}, {{W+|it|ricerca|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|áætlun|m}}, {{W+|is|verkefni|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|計画|tr=けいかく, keikaku}}, {{W+|ja|事業|tr=じぎょう, jigyō}}, {{W+|ja|プロジェクト|tr=purojekuto}}
* {{Z|kaa}}: {{W-|kaa|proekt}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|projecte|n}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|проект}}, {{W+|ky|долбоор}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|계획}}, {{W+|ko|사업}}, {{W+|ko|프로젝트}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|inceptum|nt}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|projekts|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ໂຄງການ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|projektas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|проект|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|projek}}, {{W-|ms|proyek}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|proġett|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|whakatakanga}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|terv}}, {{W+|hu|projekt}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|төсөл}}
*: Mongolî: {{W-|mn|ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|projet|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|prosjekt|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|prosjekt|nt}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|لايىھە}}, {{W-|ug|پىلان}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|proyekt}}, {{W+|uz|loyiha}}, {{W+|uz|plan}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|پروژه|n|tr=prožá}}, {{W-|ps|لايحه|m|tr=lāyehá}}, {{W+|ps|نقشه|m|tr=naqšá}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|projekt|m-in}}, {{W+|pl|plan|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|projeto|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|жоба}}, {{W-|kk|жоспар}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|proiect|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|прое́кт||tr=proékt|n}}, {{W+|ru|план|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|про̀јекат|n}}, {{W-|sh|про̀јект}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|pròjekat|n}}, {{W+|sh|pròjekt|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|projekt|n}}, {{W-|sk|plán|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|projekt|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|proyecto|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mradi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|projekt|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|лоиҳа}}, {{W-|tg|нақша}}, {{W+|tg|тарҳ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|proyekto}}, {{W-|tl|pamalakan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|โครงการ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|proje}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W+|ur|منصوبہ|tr=mansūba}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|проє́кт|n}}, {{W-|uk|план|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|kế hoạch}}, {{W+|vi|đề án}}, {{W+|vi|dự án}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|pordjet|n}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|prosiect|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|គំរោង}}, {{W+|km|ផែនការ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|פּראָיעקט|n}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έργο|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|project|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76703107}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-proje.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[pêşnûma]], [[proje]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>80vc8iq9ty3de2kajjtec75wp7cpjp5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kurdî-latînî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20896</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291087</id>
      <parentid>6097249</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291087</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="362" sha1="lnhqrn46v7n41bnh57qb8npw7kdg39z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# bi [[kurdî]] û [[latînî]], ya [[kurdî]] û [[latînî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ferhenga '''kurdî-latînî'''.}}
# [[kurdî|kurdiya]] ku bi [[alfabe]]ya [[latînî]] têt [[nivîsîn]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|kurdî-erebî
|kurdî-kirîlî
}}

{{abc}}</text>
      <sha1>lnhqrn46v7n41bnh57qb8npw7kdg39z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>B</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20897</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291088</id>
      <parentid>6099483</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Tîp */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291088</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1034" sha1="lspswxpwjexlgas4skdwfdb4fgypjql" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|b|-b-}}

== {{ziman|navz}} ==

=== Sembol ===
[[Wêne:Boron.svg|thumb|120px|(1) Bor ('''B''')]]
{{sembol|navz}}
# {{f|navz|kîmya}} ''Sembola'' '''[[bor]]ê'''.
# {{f|navz|bijîşkî}} [[tîp|Tîp]]ek [[xwîn]]ê ye (tîpên din yên xwînê {{g|navz|A}}, {{g|navz|AB}} û {{g|navz|O}} ne).

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Pispor-b.wav|Deng|Qoser}}

=== Tîp ===
{{tîp|ku|hûr=b}}
# [[tîp|Tîp]]a [[duyem]] ji [[alfabe]]ya [[kurdî]] ([[girek]]).
# [[duyem]]
#: {{nm|ku|Madem [[plan]]a A bi ser neket, divê em ya '''B''' bicerribînin}}
# Ne [[mîna]] yên [[normal]] [[baş]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew me mîna welatiyên '''B''' dihesibînin.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ب}}
* {{ku-kr|Б}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{abc}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Sembol ===
[[Wêne:Brosen windrose tr.svg|thumb|Batı ('''B''')]]
{{sembol|tr}}
# {{f|tr|erdnîgarî}} {{g|ku|Ra}}, {{g|ku|rojava}}.

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|tr
|K
|D
|G
|B
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Kurteya {{q|tr|batı}}.</text>
      <sha1>lspswxpwjexlgas4skdwfdb4fgypjql</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hevdeng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20904</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291089</id>
      <parentid>6096936</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291089</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1442" sha1="k3dnqspyxjomah62itptsxka9jtjq74" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|rêziman}} Peyvên yan [[tîp]]ên [[heman]] [[deng]]î didin, wek hev tên [[xwendin]].
#: {{nm|ku|&quot;س&quot;-a alfabeya kurdî-erebî û &quot;{{nekuarab|s}}&quot;-a kurdî-latînî '''hevdeng''' in.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di îngilîzî de &quot;{{zim|en|y}}&quot; û &quot;{{zim|en|why}}&quot; '''hevdeng''' in.|Dengê /way/ ji herduyan derdikeve.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hevdengî
|hevdeng kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevdengkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevdengkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|hev-|deng}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|هم صدا}}, {{W|fa|یک صدا}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|consentient}}, {{W|en|consonance}}, {{W|en|consonancy}}, {{W|en|consonant}}, {{W|en|homophone}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|eş sesli}}, {{W|tr|sestaş}}, {{W|tr|kafiye}}, {{W|tr|oydaş}}, {{W|tr|uyak}}, {{W|tr|homonim}}, {{W|tr|eşsesli|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sesteş|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# tiştên ku [[deng]]ê wan [[wek]] yê [[hev]] e, ne ji hev [[cuda]] ye
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[yekdeng]], [[hevbîr]], [[hevfikir]], [[yekdil]], kesên di [[ray]] û [[bawerî|baweriyên]] xwe de [[mîna]] [[hev]] [[fikirîn|difikirin]]
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Sifethor î perîreng î&lt;/br&gt;Bi rojê ra tu '''hevdeng''' î&lt;/br&gt;Du reştûzên siyehyeng î}}</text>
      <sha1>k3dnqspyxjomah62itptsxka9jtjq74</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>o</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20924</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291090</id>
      <parentid>6114356</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Pirtik */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291090</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2824" sha1="rdopb60gywmi97byof7on9c0mytf28b" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|ö|ô|O|Ö|Ô}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/oː/|[o̟ː]|[o̟̞ː]}}
** {{IPA|ku|[o̟̞ː]|dever=Qoser}}
*** {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Pispor-o.wav|Deng|Qoser}}

=== Tîp ===
{{tîp|ku|gir=O}}
# [[hejdehem|Hejdehem]] [[tîp]]a [[alfabe]]ya [[kurdî-latînî]] û [[hevdeng]]î {{zim|ckb|ئۆ}} (li [[destpêk]]ê) û {{g|ckb|ۆ|tr=-}} ya [[kurdî-erebî]] ye.

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ۆ}}
* {{ku-kr|o}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{abc}}

=== Pirtik ===
{{pirtik|ku}}
# [[peyvik]]ek [[gazî]]kirinê ye
#: {{nm|ku|'''O''' hevalno, de werin!}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''O''', çend xweş e!}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''O''', tu nemînî!}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''O''', de here lo}}

=== Kurtenav ===
{{kurtenav|ku}}
# [[O]]: [[tîp]]ek [[xwîn]]ê ye (tîpên din yên xwînê A, AB û B ne)

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|zza|[ˈo]}}

=== Tîp ===
{{tîp|zza|gir=O}}
# [[tîp|Tîpeke]] [[alfabe]]ya [[zazakî]] ye.

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|zza|z=n|m=a}}
# [[ew]], [[wî]], [[wê]]

== {{ziman|ast}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|ast|LL-Q29507 (ast)-Limotecariu-o.wav|Deng|dever=Uviéu, Spanya}}

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|ast}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|az}}
# [[ew#ku|ew]]

== {{ziman|meu}} ==

=== Pirtik ===
{{pirtik|meu}}
# [[belê#ku|belê]], [[erê#ku|erê]]

== {{ziman|gd}} ==

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|gd}}
# {{g|ku|ji}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|gd|ji}}

== {{ziman|io}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|io}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|ia}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|ia}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|it}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|it}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|pam}} ==

=== Pirtik ===
{{pirtik|pam}}
# [[belê#ku|belê]], [[erê#ku|erê]]

== {{ziman|ca}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|ca}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|nap}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|nap}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|oc}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|oc}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|rap}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|rap}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|sc}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|sc}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|es}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-Rodrigo5260-o.wav|Deng|dever=Lîma, Perû}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|es}}
# [[yan]], [[an]]

== {{ziman|tl}} ==

=== Girêdek ===
{{girêdek|tl}}
# [[yan#ku|yan]], [[an#ku|an]]

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Basak-o.wav|Deng|dever=Tirkiye}}
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-o.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-o.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|tr}}
# [[ew]] ([[yekjimar]]), [[wî]], [[wê]]

== {{ziman|yo}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|yo|ó}}
# [[ew#ku|ew]]</text>
      <sha1>rdopb60gywmi97byof7on9c0mytf28b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qoç</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20935</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291091</id>
      <parentid>6286511</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291091</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2253" sha1="jjwawgn4objdy0rgosi1ses6qrkm2kq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|qoç|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Horn.jpg|thumb|du [[bizin]]ên bi'''qoç''' (1)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[şax|Şax]], [[strû]], [[qiloç]], [[stûre]], [[strih]], [[hestî|hestiyên]] di [[ser]]ê hin [[lawir]]an re [[derketin|derdikevin]].
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Yên mezin biqoçbûn, mezinbûna '''qoçê''' wan bi salan ve girêdayî bûn.|nivîskar=Eyüp Kiran| sernav=Dewrêşê Evdî Kulîlka Bilbizêk û Rim|cîh=Stenbol|weşanxane={{w|Nûbihar}}|sal=2018|çap=4|rûpel=34|isbn=978-9944-360-95-1}}
# [[derbe|Derbe]]yê bi wan [[hestî|hestiyan]].
#: {{nm|ku|Beranî '''qoçek''' li min da.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|قۆچ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|qiloç
|qilonç
|qonç
|quloç
|qulonç
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|qolinc}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qoç dan
|bêqoç
|bêqoçî
|biqoç
|biqoçî
|qoçdar
|qoçdarî
|qoçdêr
|qoçdêrî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|horing}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|bri}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Horn|n}}, {{W+|de|Hupe|f}}, {{W+|de|Geweih|n}}, {{W+|de|Gehörn}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|النطح|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|korno}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شاخ}}, {{W+|fa|بوق}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|horn}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sarvi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|corne}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|hoarn}}, {{W-|fur|klakson}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|hoarn}}, {{W-|fy|klakson}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|adharc}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|hoorn}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ram}}, {{W+|en|horn}}, {{W+|en|antler}}, {{W+|en|kerato-}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|corno}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|corn}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|cornu}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kürt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|corn}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|kacho}}, {{W-|pap|kachu}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|róg}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|corno}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cuerno}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|bilhorn}}, {{W+|sv|horn}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|boynuz}}, {{W+|tr|tomruk}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|coine}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{mijar|ku|guhandar}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# {{mijar|az|heywan}} {{g|ku|beran}}
#* {{bênimûne|az}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|beran}}</text>
      <sha1>jjwawgn4objdy0rgosi1ses6qrkm2kq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rêje</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20978</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291092</id>
      <parentid>6286854</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291092</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1855" sha1="g7y8sk47aa2fokaiblbuwuuo6wregw4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|rê|je}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rêje|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[parçe|Parçe]]yek ji [[tevahî|tevahiyekê]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rêjeya''' xwendekarên ji pola xwe derdiçin 80 % e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rêjeya''' kesên xwendewar li vî welatî gelek bilind e.|Ji hemû kesan, kesên ku dizanin bixwînin parek mezin e.}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|beyav
|proporsiyon
|nispet
|par
|parçe
|behr
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rêje kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rêjekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rêjekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêrêje
|bêrêjehî
|bêrêjetî
|bêrêjeyî
|birêje
|birêjehî
|birêjetî
|birêjeyî
|dererêje
|dererêjehî
|dererêjetî
|dererêjeyî
|rêjedar
|rêjedarî
|rêjedarîtî
|rêjedartî
|rêjeder
|rêjederî
|rêjederîtî
|rêjedertî
|rêjedêr
|rêjedêrî
|rêjedêrîtî
|rêjedêrtî
|rêjeyî
|rêjeyîtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}:  {{W+|af|verhouding}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gleichmaß}}, {{W+|de|Proportion|f}}, {{W+|de|Verhältnis|n}}, {{W+|de|Maß|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|النسبة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|proporcio}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تناسب}}, {{W+|fa|نسبت}}, {{W-|fa|قسمتی از}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|suhde}}, {{W+|fi|osuus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|proportion}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|evenredigheid}}, {{W+|nl|proportie}}, {{W+|nl|verhouding}}, {{W+|nl|ratio}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|proportion}}, {{W+|en|rate}}, {{W+|en|ratio}}, {{W+|en|scale}}, {{W+|en|formulary|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|percentage}}, {{W+|en|formulation|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|hlutfall}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|proporção}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|proporción}}
* {{Z|tr}}:  {{W+|tr|nispet}}, {{W+|tr|oran}}, {{W+|tr|tenasüp}}, {{W+|tr|orantı}}, {{W+|tr|tartı}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g7y8sk47aa2fokaiblbuwuuo6wregw4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>grev</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21104</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291093</id>
      <parentid>6243909</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291093</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2375" sha1="tphv38jn81cy2czkrlsaf7j0exfdajq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ɡɾɛv/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|grev|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[sekinandin|Sekinandin]]a [[kar]]ê xwe bo [[dem]]ekê ji ber [[nerazî]]bûnê.
#: {{nm|ku|Karkeran dest bi '''grevê''' kir ji ber ku karderan daxwaza wan ya zêdekirina meaşî nepejirand.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Greva''' birçîbûnê.|nexwarin ji ber nerazîbûnê|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Penaberên ji bêxemiya civaka navnetewî bêzar in, dest bi '''grêva''' birçîbûnê kirin.|sernav=Penaberên ji Rojhilata Kurdistanê di grêva birçîbûnê de ne.|malper=Roj.tv|dîrok=6/2006}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|girev}}
* {{g|ku|girêv}}
* {{g|ku|grêv}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|girêk}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|grêvî
|grêvgir
|grêvgirî
|grêvker
|grev kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|grevkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|grevgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|grevkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|tr|ku|grev}} ji {{ji|fr|ku|grève}} ji navê [[meydan]]a {{zim|fr|''Place de Grève''}} (bi navê xwe yê niha {{zim|fr|''Place de l'Hôtel de Ville''}}) ku [[karker]]ên karê xwe rawestandî lê dicivîn û doza mafên xwe dikir.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Streik|m}}, {{W|de|Ausstand|m}}, {{W|de|Arbeitsniederlegung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|罷工}}, [[罢工]] (bàgōng)
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|اضراب|tr=etrab}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اعتصاب}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lakko}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|grève|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|staking}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|strike|tr=work stoppage}}, {{W+|en|skrike}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sciopero}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|ストライキ|tr=sutoraiki}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|파업|tr=pa-eop}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|sztrájk}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|greve|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|забастовка|tr=zabastóvka}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|huelga|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|strejk}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|సమ్మె|tr=samme}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|grev}}, {{W+|tr|iş bırakımı}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|rm}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|rm}}
# [[giran#ku|giran]] (ne sivik)
#* {{bêmînak|rm}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[grev#Kurdî|grev]], [[karberdan]], [[şixulhiştin]]&lt;br&gt;[[sekinandin]]a [[kar]]ê xwe bo [[dem]]ekê ji ber [[nerazî]]bûnê
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|tr|görev}}</text>
      <sha1>tphv38jn81cy2czkrlsaf7j0exfdajq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>aniha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21227</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291094</id>
      <parentid>6249630</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291094</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1783" sha1="8z9etk8v0ncvpousw87due6qx3ma42r" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[tam]] [[niha]], di [[vê]] [[gav]]ê de, di [[vê]] [[kêlîk]]ê de, [[niha]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bi [[qesem]]... '''aniha''' hejmara nivîskarên kurd li Mêrdîn û [[Qoser]]ê tenê gihiştiye ji dehan zêdetir.|Çiya Mazî: Nameyek bo Mehmûd Baksî, Kovara MEHNAME, 6-7/2000}}
# ya / yê [[tam]] [[niha]]
#: {{nm|ku|Adresa te ya '''aniha''' çi ye?}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|a niha
|a nihe
|a nika
|a noka
|a noke
|a nuha
|a nuhe
|a nuka
|a nuke
|anihe
|anika
|anoka
|anoke
|anuha
|anuhe
|anuka
|anuke
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|a-|niha}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|anihayî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|im Augenblick}}, {{W+|de|jetzt}}, {{W+|de|zurzeit}}, {{W+|de|gerade|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|momentan|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|soeben|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|vorerst|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|zur Zeit|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|دلوقت|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اینک}}, {{W+|fa|حالا}}, {{W+|fa|اکنون}}, {{W-|fa|هم‌اکنون|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: [[juuri]] [[nyt]]
* {{Z|en}}: [[right]] [[now]], {{W+|en|just now}}, {{W+|en|just yet}}, {{W+|en|on the nail}}, {{W+|en|only just}}, {{W+|en|at present}}, {{W+|en|currently}}, {{W+|en|presently}}, {{W+|en|in a jiffy|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ana}}, {{W+|tr|anka}}, {{W+|tr|demin|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|demincek|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|halen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|halihazırda|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|şimdi|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|şimdicik|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zdj}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|zdj}}
# {{g|ku|hişk kirin}}, {{g|ku|ziwa kirin}}
#* {{bêmînak|zdj}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|zdj|hişk kirin}}</text>
      <sha1>8z9etk8v0ncvpousw87due6qx3ma42r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>teqawid</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21265</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291095</id>
      <parentid>6243456</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291095</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2069" sha1="m1wjgod7je4woqcn8s3qol9hy0cyzr9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|te|qa|wid}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|teqawid|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[karbes|Karbes]], [[karkenar]], [[emekdar]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê ku bi dehan [[sal]]an [[kar]] kiriye û [[paşî]] ji ber [[pîrî|pîriyê]] yan [[nesaxî|nesaxiyek]] [[demdirêj]] [[dest jê berdan|dest ji karê xwe berdaye]] lê dîsan jî [[dewlet]] [[meaş]]î didiyê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|karbes|karkenar|emekdar|malnişîn|xanenişîn|gandanket}}
#: {{nm|ku|Karmendek '''teqawid'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew di 60-saliya xwe de bû '''teqawid'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Teqawid''' muçeyek kêm werdigirin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|teqaed
|teqaid
|teqa'ed
|teqa'id
|teqaud
|teqa'ud
|teqawud
|teqawît
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|teqawid bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|teqawid kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|teqawidbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|teqawidkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|teqawidbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|teqawidkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|teqawidî
|teqawidîtî
|teqawidtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|pensionaris}}, {{W-|af|pensioentrekker}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|pensionist}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Pensionär}}(in), [[Rentner]](in)
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|пенсионер|tr=pensiyoner}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|退休人员}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|pensiulo}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|eläkeläinen}}, [[eläke|eläkkeellä]] oleva
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W-|nl|pensioentrekker}}, {{W+|nl|gepensioneerde}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|retiree}}, [[retire]]d [[person]], {{W+|en|retired}}, {{W+|en|emeritus|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|retirement|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|퇴직자}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W-|hu|visszavonult személy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|aposentado}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|отставник|tr=otstavnik}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî:
*: Latînî: {{W-|la|penzioner}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|jubilado}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|pensionerad}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|emekli}}, {{W+|tr|tekaüt}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|відставник|tr=vidstavnik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>m1wjgod7je4woqcn8s3qol9hy0cyzr9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cerg</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21382</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291096</id>
      <parentid>6279073</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291096</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2354" sha1="tj3dwdgcifl2jnki1lm31uuiuqle17p" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:heart-and-lungs.jpg|thumb|230px|Dil û cerg.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[organ|Organ]]a [[leş]]î ya [[xwarin]]ê [[helandin|dihelîne]] û [[jehr]]an [[ruxandin|diruxîne]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|cegera reş|mêlak|kezeba reş|pişa reş}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Nûbihara Biçûkan}}|sc=ku-Arab|jg=ظهر پشته سره ناڤک جوف ناڤ&lt;br&gt;کبد '''جرگه''' کلیه گرچک کدنه بز&lt;br&gt;روڤین امعاء مرارت هم ظراڤ|tr=Z̤ehr-i puşt e; sirre navik; cewf-i nav&lt;br&gt;Kebd-i '''cerg''' e; kulye gurçik; kidne bez&lt;br&gt;Rûviyin emʿaʾ; meraret hem z̤irav}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|sc=ku-Arab|jg=خونی د دڤ و گپی وه هاڤیت&lt;br&gt;زینا کو دصد برین '''لجرگی'''&lt;br&gt;چو حالت فوت شادمرگی|tr=Xwînê di dev û gepê we havêt&lt;br&gt;Zîna ko diṣed birîn li '''cergê'''&lt;br&gt;Çû ḥalet-i fewt-i şadimergê}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|sc=ku-Arab|jg=رنجیده کر مسکین غریب ترکا دل احباب دا&lt;br&gt;محبوب و ریحان پر گلاڤ کر کر لمن '''جرگ''' و هناڤ&lt;br&gt;زهرا هلاهل بو د ناڤ لو ساقی او جلاب دا|tr=Rencîde kir miskên x̣erîb; terka dil-i eḥbab-i da&lt;br&gt;Meḥbûb û reyḥan pir gulav; ker kir li min '''cerg''' û hinav&lt;br&gt;Zehra helahil bû di nav; lew saqî ew cullab-i da}}
# {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[organ|Organ]]a [[leş]]î ya [[nefes]] pê têt [[kişandin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|cegera spî|pişa spî|kezeba spî}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[dil|Dil]], [[qelb]], [[hinav]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Cerg''' li min sot.|Dilê min şewitand.|rêz=1}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[cesaret|Cesaret]], [[bistehî]], [[wêrekî]], [[curet]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[tê|Tê]] [[gotin]] [[bo]] [[kes]]ên gelek [[ezîz]] li def mirovî, [[herwiha]] bu [[zarok]]ên mirovî jî tê gotin.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جەرگ}}
*: (''klasîk'') {{g|ku|sc=Arab|جرگ|tr=cerg}}

==== Bide ber ====
* [[pişik]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|1}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|2}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|3}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|4}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>tj3dwdgcifl2jnki1lm31uuiuqle17p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gilêş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21449</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291097</id>
      <parentid>6242792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291097</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7489" sha1="6r1neid2fg1jmnd5anu8l892qdbzib2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gilêş|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Lixo.jpg|thumb|[[zerf]]ek gilêş tê de]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[qirşûqal]], [[çop]], [[bermayî]], [[avrî]] &lt;br&gt;tiştên [[jibermayî]] yên [[bêkêr]] ku tên [[avêtin]]ê
#: {{nm|ku|Rabe vî '''gilêş'''î ji vê malê bimale!}}
n
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گلێش}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Eger nivîskar bibîne, ko ev helbest [[prîvat]] e, ji xwe cihê wê [[selik]]a '''gilêş'''î ye, ji ber pêdiviya [[xwêner]] pê nîne û wî têkildar nake.|Tengezarê Marînî: ''Sarah Kirsch'', Tirbespi.com, 10/2005}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|gilêşdank
|gilêşxane
|gilêşgeh
|gilêşkar
|gelêş
|glêş
|gelaş
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|sergo}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
ihtimalen ji [[gile]] ([[belg]], [[belçim]], [[çilû]]) lê yan jî bi têkilkirina [[gile]] û [[qirş]] peyda bûbe. Lê herwiha mimkin e ku [[hevreh]]a peyva farisî {{g|fa|آشغال}} (aşẍal) be û yek ji herduyan bi [[metatez]]ê guherîbin, hingê herdu ji {{ji|ira}} ne.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gilêşdank
|gilêşî
|gilêşk
|gilêşmal
|gilêşmalî
|gilêşmalk
|gilêşo
|gilêşvan
|gilêşvanî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mbeturinë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Abfall|n}}, {{W+|de|Müll|n}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Güsel|n}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|জাৱৰ}}, {{W-|as|আৱৰ্জনা}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|zibil}}, {{W-|az|tullantı}}, {{W+|az|çöp}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|сме́цце|nt}}, {{W-|be|смяццё|nt}}, {{W-|be|сьмяцьцё|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|আবর্জনা}}, {{W-|bn|ছার}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W-|br|stronk|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|боклу́к|n}}, {{W+|bg|отпа́дък|n}}, {{W+|bg|смет|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အမှိုက်}}, {{W+|my|ပေါက်ကရ}}, {{W+|my|အမှိုက်သရိုက်}}, {{W+|my|အညစ်အကြေး}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|s̈hutechi}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|odpad|n}}, {{W+|cs|odpadky|p}}, {{W+|cs|smetí|nt}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏲ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|垃圾|tr=laap6 saap3}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|ңәсуә}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|垃圾|tr=lājī, lèsè}}, {{W+|cmn|廢物|tr=fèiwù}}, {{W-|cmn|破爛|tr=pòlàn, pòlànr}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|糞埽|tr=pùn-sò}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|affald|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|sampah}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|زُبَالَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|نُفَايَة|m}}, {{W+|ar|قُمَامَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|مُخَلَّفَات|p}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|زبالة|m|tr=zebāla}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|աղբ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|rubo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|jäätmed}}, {{W-|et|rämps}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آشخال|tr=âšxâl}}, {{W+|fa|آشغال|tr=âšğâl}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|roska|p|cuda=roskat}}, {{W-|fi|jätteet}}, {{W+|fi|jäte}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|ordures|p}}, {{W+|fr|déchet|n}}, {{W+|fr|poubelle|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|ôffal|nt}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sgudal|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|lixo|n}}, {{W-|gl|porcallada|m}}, {{W-|gl|baldroada|m}}, {{W-|gl|lorda|m}}, {{W-|gl|ciscallo|n}}, {{W-|gl|zudre|n}}, {{W-|gl|fória|m}}, {{W-|gl|foira|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ნარჩენები}}, {{W-|ka|ნაგავი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|कचरा|n}}, {{W+|hi|मलबा|n}}, {{W+|hi|कूड़ा|n}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|khib nyiab}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|huisvuil|nt}}, {{W+|nl|vuilnis|m|nt}}, {{W+|nl|vuil|nt}}, {{W+|nl|afval|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|זֶבֶל|n|tr=zével}}, {{W+|he|אַשְׁפָּה|m|tr=ashpá}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|eskombro}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|garbage}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|rikka}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|bruscar|n}}, {{W-|ga|garr|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|immondizia|m}}, {{W+|it|spazzatura|m}}, {{W+|it|rifiuti|p}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|rusl|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|ごみ|tr=gomi}}, {{W+|ja|廃物|tr=はいぶつ, haibutsu}}, {{W+|ja|がらくた|tr=garakuta}}, {{W+|ja|廃品|tr=はいひん, haihin}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|igitat}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|deixalles|m-p}}, {{W+|ca|escombraries|m-p}}, {{W+|ca|brossa|m}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|쓰레기}}, {{W+|ko|오물}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|purgamentum|nt}}, {{W+|la|quisquiliae|m-p}}, {{W-|la|scrūta|nt-p}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|atkritumi|n-p}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຂຍະ}}, {{W-|lo|ຄຸມຝອຽ}}, {{W-|lo|ມູນຝອຽ}}, {{W-|lo|ສັງການ}}, {{W+|lo|ຂີ້ເຫຍື້ອ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|šiukšlės|m-p}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ѓубре|nt}}, {{W-|mk|смет|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|മാലിന്യം}}, {{W+|ml|ചവറ്}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|sampah}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|fooillagh}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|karaweta}}, {{W-|mi|parahanga}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|कचरा}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szemét}}, {{W+|hu|hulladék}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|хог}}, {{W+|mn|хаягдал}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|avfall|nt}}, {{W+|nb|søppel|nt}}, {{W-|nb|boss|nt}}
* {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|ziigwebinigan}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|bordilha|m}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|kosii}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئەخلەت}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|eski-tuski}}, {{W+|uz|axlat}}, {{W+|uz|chiqindi}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|پوتل|tr=рawṭal}}, {{W-|ps|ګيخه|m|tr=gixa}}, {{W-|ps|ګيچه|m|tr=giča}}, {{W-|ps|کثافات|n-p|tr=kasāfāt}}
* {{Z|pcm}}: {{W-|pcm|doti-doti}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Schunt|nt}}, {{W-|pdt|Auffaul|n}}, {{W-|pdt|Aufgank|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|śmieci|p}}, {{W-|pl|odpady|n-p}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|lixo|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|ескі-құсқы}}, {{W-|kk|қоқым-соқым}}
* {{Z|rgn}}: {{W-|rgn|rùsco|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|gunoi|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|му́сор|n}}, {{W+|ru|отброс|cuda=отбро́сы|n-p}}, {{W+|ru|хлам|n}}, {{W+|ru|сор|n}}, {{W-|ru|сме́тье|nt}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|otaota}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|aliga|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|о̏тпа̄д|n}}, {{W-|sh|смѐће|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|ȍtpād|n}}, {{W+|sh|smèće|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|odpad|n}}, {{W-|sk|odpadky|p}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|odpadek|n}}, {{W-|sl|smet|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|basura|m}}, {{W+|es|desperdicios|n-p}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|skräp|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ахлот}}, {{W-|tg|хокрӯба}}, {{W-|tg|ошғол}}, {{W-|tg|ошхол}}
* {{Z|blt}}: {{W-|blt|ꪄꪲ꫁ꪹꪐ꫁|tr=khỉ nhửa}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|กาก}}, {{W+|th|ขยะ}}, {{W+|th|หยากเยื่อ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|చెత్త}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|чүп-чәр}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|lixu}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çöp}}, {{W+|tr|süprüntü}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|çöp}}, {{W+|tk|zibil}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གད་སྙིགས}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|ngaoha'a}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|مَلْبا|n|tr=malbā}}, {{W-|ur|کَچْرَہ|n|tr=kacra}}, {{W-|ur|حَشْو|tr=haśv}}, {{W-|ur|کُوڑا|n|tr=kūṛā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|сміття́|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|rác}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|ysbwriel|n}}, {{W+|cy|sbwriel|n}}, {{W-|cy|sothach|n}}
* {{Z|wuh}}: {{W-|wuh|halamala}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សំរាម}}, {{W-|km|ឡាប់សង}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W-|xh|inkunkuma|c9|c10}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מיסט|nt}}, {{W-|yi|אָפּפֿאַל|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|απορρίματα|nt-p}}, {{W+|el|σκουπίδια|nt-p}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|imfucuza|c9|c10}}

{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|garbage|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75878231}}</text>
      <sha1>6r1neid2fg1jmnd5anu8l892qdbzib2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kîjan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21510</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291098</id>
      <parentid>6261543</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Cînav */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291098</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2131" sha1="mxvh5cfzpywn89s82otuu8n2988kkxh" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/kʰiːˈʒɑːn/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-kîjan.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}, {{k-ya req}}
# [[kî]] yan [[çi]] ji [[wan]], &lt;br&gt;kî yan çi ji [[van]]
#: {{nm|ku|Tu '''kîjan''' dixwazî?|Ji van / wan te kî / çi divê?|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tu '''kiwameyan''' dixwazî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew bi '''kîjan''' alî ve çûn?}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kîjan''' bira dê bizewice?}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|کیژان}}
* {{ku-kr|кижан}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|kîcan
|kîj&lt;pos:1&gt;
|kîja
|kîjanê&lt;q:tewandî&gt;&lt;z:m&gt;
|kîjanî&lt;q:tewandî&gt;&lt;z:n&gt;
|kîjk
|kîjka&lt;q:tewandî, pirrjimar&gt;
|kîjkan&lt;q:tewandî, pirrjimar&gt;
|kîjkê&lt;q:tewandî&gt;&lt;z:m&gt;
|kîjkî&lt;q:tewandî&gt;&lt;z:n&gt;
|kîş
|kîşk
|kîşkê&lt;q:tewandî&gt;&lt;z:m&gt;
|kîşkî&lt;q:tewandî&gt;&lt;z:n&gt;
|kîşka&lt;q:tewandî, pirrjimar&gt;
|kîşkan&lt;q:tewandî, pirrjimar&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwihan {{q|ku|kîj}}, {{q|ku|kîşk}} (&lt; {{paş|ku|kîj|-ik|w2=paşgira [[binavkirî]]tiyê}}), ji {{paş|ku|kîj|-an}} ber modela {{q|ku|heman}}, {{q|ku|wihan}}, {{q|ku|wisan}} û {{q|ku|-ane}}. A pêşîn ji {{heve|ku|kî|jî}}, bide ber {{hv|xpr|tr=kê-j|w=kî jî; herkî}} û Fehlewiyat ''kîc'', ''kîj'' (&quot;tikes, kes&quot;).

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|کام|tr=[[kam]]}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|welcher|m}}, {{W|de|welche|f}}, {{W|de|welches|n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|التي|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|أي|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|أيهما|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|kiu}}, {{W|eo|kiuj}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|کدام}}, {{W|fa|کدام یک}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|kumpi}}, [[mikä]] (joistakin)
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|quel|m}}, {{W|fr|quelle|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|welk}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[which]] (which one[s])
* {{Z|it}}: [[quale]]  and
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|melyik}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|care}}
* {{Z|es}}: [[cuál]] {{s}}, [[cuáles]] {{p}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|vilken}}, {{W|sv|vilket}}, {{W|sv|vilka}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W|tly|komi}}, {{W|tly|kom qile}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|hangi}}, {{W|tr|hangisi}}, {{W|tr|neresi}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>mxvh5cfzpywn89s82otuu8n2988kkxh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mesûl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21586</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291099</id>
      <parentid>6097452</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291099</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1823" sha1="r6hxjhhnuekb5z4wpcwnhpaaruznaj9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[berpirs]], [[berpirsiyar]], [[birêveber]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''mesûlê''' dezgehek hikûmî ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kî bi vê meselê '''mesûl''' e?}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Ev cuz'e nebit li ba te meqbûl&lt;/br&gt;Tirsim ko tu min bigêrî '''mes'ûl'''&lt;/br&gt;Terkîb-i wucûd-i cism û can in}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|mehsûl}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mesûlî
|mesûlîtî
|mesûltî
|mesûl bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mesûl kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mesûlbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mesûlkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mesûlbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mesûlkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|مسؤل|tr=masˀūl}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|verantwortlich}}, {{W|de|zuständig}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|应负责的}}, {{W+|zh|有责任的}}, [[责任重大的]]；[[认真负 责的]]
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ansvarlig}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|respondeca}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vastuullinen}}, {{W+|fi|vastaava}}, {{W+|fi|vastuuhenkilö}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|responsable}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verantwoordelijk}}, {{W+|nl|aansprakelijk}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|responsible}}, {{W+|en|liable}}, {{W+|en|blameworthy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|administrator}}, {{W|en|boss}}, {{W|en|authorities}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|responsabile}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|felelős}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|esponsável}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ansvarstagande}}, {{W+|sv|ansvarsfull}}, {{W+|sv|ansvarig}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|బాధ్యత గల|tr=baadhyata gala}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|mesul}}, {{W+|tr|sorumlu}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[berpirs]], [[berpirsiyar]], [[birêveber]]
#: {{nm|ku|Kî bi vê meselê '''mesûl''' e?}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>r6hxjhhnuekb5z4wpcwnhpaaruznaj9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berpirs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21587</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291100</id>
      <parentid>6243087</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291100</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2327" sha1="2qrbpl46andgquuod925lg8x0hpr8zw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[mesûl]], [[birêveber]], &lt;br&gt; kesê ku [[birêvebirin]]a [[kar]]ekî [[erk]]ê wî ye &lt;br&gt; ji wî re [[tê gotin]] yê ku [[erk]]ek [[hebûn|hebe]] [[li ser]] [[mil]]ên wî
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''berpirs'''a dezgehek hikûmî ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kî ji vê meselê '''berpirs''' e?}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بەرپرس}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|berpirsiyar
|berpisyar
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berpirsî
|berpirsîtî
|berpirsiyarî
|berpirs bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berpirs kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berpirsbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berpirskirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berpirsbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berpirskirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|ber-|pirs}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|verantwortlich}}, {{W+|de|mündig}}, {{W+|de|Verantwortlicher|n}}, {{W+|de|zuständig}}, {{W+|de|Amtsinhaber|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Amtsinhaberin|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|应负责的}}, {{W-|zh|有责任的}}, [[责任重大的]]；[[认真负 责的]]
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ansvarlig}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مسئول}}, {{W-|ar|رهینة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|respondeca}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|مسؤل}}, {{W+|fa|جوابگو}}, {{W+|fa|مسئول}}, {{W+|fa|پاسخگو}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vastuullinen}}, {{W+|fi|vastaava}}, {{W+|fi|vastuuhenkilö}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|responsable}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verantwoordelijk}}, {{W+|nl|aansprakelijk}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|responsible}}, {{W+|en|boss}}, {{W+|en|supervisor}}, {{W+|en|accountable}}, {{W+|en|in charge of}}, {{W+|en|drawee}}, {{W+|en|liable}}, {{W+|en|blameworthy}}, {{W+|en|incumbent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|answerable|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|interlocutor|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|in the wrong|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|responsabile}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|felelős}}
* {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|ansvarlig}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|esponsável}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|responsable}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ansvarstagande}}, {{W+|sv|ansvarsfull}}, {{W+|sv|ansvarig}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[బాధ్యత గల]] (baadhyata gala)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|mesul}}, {{W+|tr|sorumlu}}, {{W+|tr|mesuliyetli}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# {{ckb-Arab|بەرپرس}}
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}</text>
      <sha1>2qrbpl46andgquuod925lg8x0hpr8zw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>derling</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21629</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291101</id>
      <parentid>6254715</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291101</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1555" sha1="san0uvoa7z0nirarkwm9e5oaqnb9oef" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|derling|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Herdu [[parçe]]yên [[şelwal]]î yan [[derpî]] yên ku her yek cihê [[ling]]ekî ye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|şingêl}}
#: {{nm|ku|Pantolonan du '''derling''' hene. &lt;br&gt;'''Derlingên''' xwe [[hildan|hilde]] daku [[şil]] nebin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|deling
|delink
|delîng
|delînk
|dernig
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|huçik}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|der|ling|w1=cih}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Hosenbein|nt}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|балаҡ}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ben}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|понкс пильге}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|پاچه شلوار}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lahje}}, {{W+|fi|puntti}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|osan|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|broekspijp|n|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|leg}} (part of garment)
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|buxnaskálm|m}}, {{W-|is|skálm|m}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szár}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|bein|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|nogawka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|calça|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|штани́на|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|nogavica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|pernera|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|sura}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ben|nt}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|కాలు}}
* {{Z|tr}}: [[kenar]], {{W+|tr|baskı}}, {{W+|tr|tuman}}, {{W+|tr|çintiyan}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|холоша|m}}, {{W-|uk|колоша|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|coes|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|leg|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76201220}}</text>
      <sha1>san0uvoa7z0nirarkwm9e5oaqnb9oef</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rengîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21647</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291102</id>
      <parentid>6098320</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:11:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291102</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2316" sha1="bre3dmqpyurgi9yu1jkuh5ur4297mmf" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Rengîn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|rengîn}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[rengareng|Rengareng]]; tişta/ê ku çend [[reng]]ên ji [[hev]] [[cuda]] hene.
#: {{nm|ku|Alaya Kurdistanê '''rengîn''' e: kesk, sor, zer û spî ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Keskesor '''rengîn''' e.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Hetta bi nûra badeyê&lt;br /&gt;'''Rengîn''' nekî seccadeyê}}
# [[xweşik|Xweşik]], [[ciwan]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ev hîkayeta [Leyla û Mecnûn] bi zimanê farisî û tirkî hatîye gotin, qewî zêde '''rengîn''' û meqbûl e.|http://static.dergipark.org.tr/article-download/21ac/1ffe/8324/5eaa74a0c6826.pdf?, r. 138}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|bireng
|rengdar
|rengî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|reng|-în}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rengîn bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rengîn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rengînbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rengînkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rengînbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rengînkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rengînî
|rengînîtî
|rengîntî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|farbig}}, {{W-|de|farbenprächtig}}, {{W+|de|farbenfroh}}, {{W+|de|bunt}}, {{W+|de|gefärbt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|farverig}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ملون|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مبرقش|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[رنگین]] (rengîn), {{W+|fa|رنگی}}, {{W+|fa|ملون}}, {{W+|fa|رنگین}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|värikäs}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|coloré}}, {{W+|fr|bigarré}}, {{W+|fr|multicolore}}
* {{Z|hi}}: [[रंगीन]] (rengînn)
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|kleurrijk}}
* {{Z|en}}: (''emerîkî'') [[colorful]], {{W+|en|multicolor}}, {{W+|en|multifaceted}}, (''brîtanî'') [[colourful]], {{W+|en|multicolour}}, {{W+|en|flourishing}}, {{W+|en|colored}}, {{W+|en|coloured}}, {{W+|en|batik|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|chromatic|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|piebald|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|kolorowy|m}}, {{W+|pl|kolorowa|f}}, {{W-|pl|kolorowe|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|разноцветный}}, {{W+|ru|цветастый}}, {{W+|ru|яркий}}, {{W+|ru|колоритный}}, {{W+|ru|сочный}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lleno}}, {{W-|es|de color}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|renkli}}, {{W+|tr|boyalı}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|mầu mè}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bre3dmqpyurgi9yu1jkuh5ur4297mmf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kaş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21675</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291103</id>
      <parentid>6283267</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 3 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291103</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2547" sha1="qrawjqy5h2ygj2199kxul1os8qy21hh" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
[[Wêne:Lichteinlass-landesarchiv.jpg|right|thumb|150px|kaşê mermerî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
;kaş kirin
# [[kêşan]], [[kişandin]], bi [[nik]] [[xwe]] ve [[birin]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[rakêşan]], [[rakişandin]], bi [[erd]]ê ve bi [[bal]] xwe ve [[birin]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|kêş
|kiş
|koş
|kuş
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kaş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kaş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kaşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kaşbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kaşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kaşî
|kaşker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Hügel|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حدب}}, {{W|ar|حافة}}, {{W|ar|النض|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|اسکی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|سرازیری|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|acclivity|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|burlap|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|steep slope|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kayak}}, {{W+|tr|akak}}, {{W+|tr|bayır}}, {{W+|tr|kaydırak}}, {{W+|tr|kızak}}, {{W+|tr|şav}}, {{W+|tr|şev}}, {{W+|tr|yokuş}}, {{W+|tr|çekiş|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[kevir]]ên [[pan]] û [[hilû]] &lt;br&gt;(bi taybetî yên ku [[bin]]ên [[mal]]an pê tên [[ava]]kirin)
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|kêş}}
* {{g|ku|kiş}}
* {{g|ku|koş}}
* {{g|ku|kuş}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kaş kirin&lt;w:bi kevirên kaşî ava kirin&gt;&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|kaşkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|kaşkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|kaşandin
|kaşandî
|kaşîner
|kaşînerî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[giranî]], [[qursî]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kaşa''' wî 80 kîlogram e.|Ew 80 kîloyan giran e.|rêz=1}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|kêş
|kiş
|koş
|kuş
}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|kêşan
|kişandin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Abhang|m}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# [[kişandin]], [[kişandin]], bi [[nik]] [[xwe]] ve [[birin]]
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-kaş.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[birh]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[birû]], [[birûng]], [[ebrû]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[qaş]]
#: {{mk|tr|Yüzük '''kaşı'''.|Qaşa gustîrkê.|rêz=1}}
# [[kendal]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[qarpûz]]
#: {{mk|tr|Eğerin '''kaşı'''.|Qarpûza zîn.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>qrawjqy5h2ygj2199kxul1os8qy21hh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hesûd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21682</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291104</id>
      <parentid>6243241</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291104</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3491" sha1="elb4n3hw3h17y32dav5vgqlhbhc95rt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|hesûd}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê ku dixwaze her zêdetir [[pare]] û [[mal]] hebe û [[daxwaz]]a wê / wî bi ti tiştî [[têr]] nabe, kesa/ê ku ji [[biserkeftin]]a [[xelk]]ê [[bêzar]] dibe, kesa/ê ku [[dilxweş|dilnexweş]] dibe bi [[zîrekî]] yan [[zengînî|zengîniya]] kesên din.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|çavnebar|berçîn|kumreş|zikreş|dexes|bexîl|qarok|dilreş}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dewlemend e lê dewlemendiya wî ti kêfxweşiyê nadiyê ji ber ku '''hesûd''' e û têr nabe.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wisan '''hesûd''' e ku naxwaze em jî feyde bikin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Dafi'ê cumle '''hesûdê''' çavxerab&lt;br /&gt;Der mezarê sehle lê redda cewab}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حه‌سوید}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|hesîd
|heswîd
|hevsîd
|hevsûd
|ḧesîd
|ḧesûd
|ḧeswîd
|ḧevsîd
|ḧevsûd
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hesûd bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hesûd kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hesûdbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hesûdkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hesûdbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hesûdkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hesidandin
|hesidandî
|hesidiyayî
|hesidî
|hesidîn
|hesidîner
|hesidok
|hesûdî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حَسُود}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|afgunstig}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|ziliqar}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|eifersüchtig}}, {{W+|de|neidisch}}, {{W+|de|begierig}}, {{W+|de|intrigant}}, {{W|de|abgünstig|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Neider|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|завистлив}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|závistivý}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|misundelig}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|sirik}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حسود}}, {{W|ar|الرامق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الرموق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|النافس|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|باثر|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|حاسد|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|enviema}}, {{W+|eo|envia}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حسود}}, {{W+|fa|باسود مشترک}}, {{W+|fa|همسود}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kateellinen}}, {{W+|fi|kade}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|envieux}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|oergeunstich}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|jaloers}}, {{W+|nl|afgunstig}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מקנא}}, {{W+|he|צר עין}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|envious}}, {{W+|en|jealous}}, [[covetous]] [[grudging]], {{W+|en|invidious}}, [[green]] [[with]] [[envy]], {{W|en|gossiping|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|invidioso}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|öfundarfullur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|羨ましい}}, {{W+|ja|妬ましい}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|부러워하늢}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W+|gv|trooagh}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|irigy}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|misunnelig}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|kudisioso}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|invejoso}}, {{W+|pt|invejável}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|pizmaş}}, {{W+|ro|invidios}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|завистливый}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Latînî: {{W+|la|zavidan}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|envidioso}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|avundsjuk}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|อยากไย้ของของคนอื่น}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kıskanç}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|iзigara}}, {{W+|tk|gцrip}}, {{W+|tk|bahyl}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|недоброзичливий}}, {{W+|uk|заздрісний}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thèm muốn}}, {{W+|vi|ghen tị}}, {{W+|vi|đố kỵ}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|eiddigeddus}}, {{W+|cy|cenfigennus}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φθονερόσ}}, {{W+|el|ζηλόφθονοσ}}, {{W+|el|ζηλιάρησ}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>elb4n3hw3h17y32dav5vgqlhbhc95rt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tenûr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21778</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291105</id>
      <parentid>6249518</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291105</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6690" sha1="k9cdmzil45geswqjgi0vahc9trp1zi7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/tˁɜˈnuːɾ/}}
** (''[[rojhilatî]]'') {{IPA|ku|/tˁɜˈnʉːɾ/}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tenûr|mê}}
[[Wêne:Jean-François Millet (II) 005.jpg|thumb|Jinek nanî diavêje '''tenûrê'''.]]
[[Wêne:Tendûr.jpg|thumb|'''Tenûreke''' Kurdistanê ya ku tê de nan tê [[pehtin]].]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[cih|Cih]]ê [[nan]] [[tê de]] tê [[pehtin]] bi taybetî firina ku ji [[ax]]ê hatiye [[ava]]kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Nanê '''tenûr'''ê.|nanê ku di '''tenûr'''ê de hatiye [[pehtin]]|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Tenûr bi tir û fisan germ nabe|Gotina pêşiyan}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Dîlan hema zû ji xwe re hinek mast xiste tacikekê, parçek nanê '''tenûrê''' ji selikê derxist û weke gurekî birçî kişiya ser û xwar.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bila şorba nîskan li ser êgir, nan li ser '''tenûrê''', mîh û beran, berx û kahr li ber derî bin.|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Bîra qederê/2002}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|ته‌نوور}}, {{g|ku|sc=Arab|طه‌نوور}}
* {{ku-kr|тәнур}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|tandîr
|tandûr
|tanîr
|tanûr
|tendîr
|tendûr
|tenîr
|tenwîr
}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|firin}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|sêl}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|tenor
|tenore
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha farisî {{g|fa|تنور|tr=tenûr}} / {{g|fa|تندور|tr=tendûr}}, pehlewî ''tenûr'', avestayî ''tenûre-'', erebî {{g|ar|تنور}} (tennûr), aramî [[תנורא]] (tenûra), îbranî [[תנור]] (tenûr), hemû ji {{ji|akk|ku|𒋾𒂟|tr=tinūru}}, ew bi xwe bi [[metatez]]ê ji {{ji|sux|ku}} ''duruna''.

[[Şablon:Dihxoda|Dihxoda]] idia dike ku peyv ji peyvên akadî ''tîn'' ([[herrî]], [[ax]]) û ''nūru'' (agir) hatiye. Lê ev idia hem [[etîmolojiya gelêrî]] ye û hem jî wek din şaş e çunkî bi akadî ''herrî'' ne ''tîn'' e lê ''ṭiṭṭu'' ye (lê bi erebî û îbranî ''ṭīn'' û bi aramî ''ṭīna'' ye) û ''nūru'' jî ne ''agir'' e lê ''ronahî'' ye.

Varyanta ''[[tendûr]]'' bi [[dîsîmîlasyon]]ê anku jihevcudabûna du dengên wek hev ji varyanta ''tennûr'' peyda bûye. Yan bo zêdebûna D li pey N bidin ber D-ya peyva ''[[qalind]]''.

Peyv bi rêya zimanên îranî ketiye gelek zimanên din jî, bo nimûne: ermenî [[Թոնիր]] (tonir), tirkî [[tandır]], azerî [[təndir]], ozbekî [[tandir]], gurcî [[თორნე ]] (torne), hindî [[तन्दूर]] (tendûr)... Bi rêya hindî peyv ketiye zimanên ewropî jî: îngilîzî, fransî, îtalî, spanî [[tandoor]]. [[тандыр]] (tandir) ya rusî bi rêya zimanên [[tirkîkî]] ye.

Li aliyekî din vê dawiyê û bi rêya teknîka nû di zimanên [[Rojhilata Navîn]] de cih daye peyva ''[[firin]]'' ya ji zimanên ewropî hatî.

;{{biçûk|Çavkanî:
* {{kitêb|url=http://www.assyrianlanguages.org/akkadian/dosearch.php?searchkey=16&amp;language=id|sernav=Association Assyrophile de France: Dictionnaire akkadien|tercimeya sernav=Rêkxistina Aşûrîdostan ya Fransayê: Ferhenga akadî}}
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886): ''Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen'' [Peyvên aramî di erebî de], Leiden: E. J. Brill.
* ''The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project'', [Projeya Ferhenga Giştgir ya Aramî] Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986– [https://wiki.digitalclassicist.org/Comprehensive_Aramaic_Lexicon_(CAL)]
* ''The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary'' (Ferhenga sûmerî ya Pennsylvaniayê) [http://psd.museum.upenn.edu/nepsd-frame.html]
}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|tenûrî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|furrë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ofen|n}}, {{W-|de|Tanduri}}, {{W+|de|Herd}}, {{W+|de|Backofen}}, {{W-|de|Bratofen}}, {{W-|de|Backraum}}, {{W-|de|Backröhre}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|peç}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|labe}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|печ|tr=pieč}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|forn}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|фурна|tr=furna}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|pec}}, {{W+|cs|trouba}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|炉|tr=lú}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ovn}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|oven}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|تنور}}(tenur), {{W-|ar|فرن|m|tr=furn}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|փուռ|tr=p’urr}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|forno}}, {{W-|eo|bakujo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|ahi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تنور}}(tenur), [[تاون]] (taven), {{W+|fa|تنور}}, {{W-|fa|کوره آتش}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|ovnur}}, {{W-|fo|komfýrur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|uuni}}, {{W+|fi|tandooriuuni}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|four}}, {{W+|fr|tandoor}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|àmhainn}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|forno}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ღუმელი|tr=ghumeli}}
* {{Z|hi}}: [[त॑न्दूरी]] (Tandūrī)
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|kachel}}, {{W+|nl|oven}}, {{W+|nl|bakoven}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|כבשן|cuda=כִּבְשָׁן|n}}, {{W+|he|תנור|cuda=תַנּור}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|תנור|tr=tanur}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|forno}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|oven}}, {{W+|en|tandoor}}, {{W+|en|furnace}}, {{W+|en|kiln}}, {{W+|en|stove}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|oigheann}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|forno|n}}, {{W+|it|fornace|m}}, {{W-|it|fisaco|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|ofn}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|オーブン|tr=ōbun}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|forn}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|오븐|tr=obeun}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|fornu}}, {{W-|co|forru}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|caminus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|krāsns}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|krosnis}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|печка|tr=pečka}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|ketuhar}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|forn}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kemence}}, {{W+|hu|sütő}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ovn}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|forn}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|pechka}}, {{W+|uz|pech}}
* {{Z|myp}}: {{W-|myp|pixaoi}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|piekarnik}}, {{W+|pl|piec}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fogão|n}}, {{W+|pt|forno|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|пеш|tr=peş}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|fuorn‎}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|bov}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cuptor}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|печь|R=pech’}}, {{W+|ru|духовка|f|tr=dukhovka}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|omman}}, {{W-|se|oapman}}, {{W-|se|uvdna}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
:* Latînî: {{W+|sh|peć}}
:* Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|пећ|tr=peć}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|pec}}, {{W-|sk|piecka}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|peč}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|horno|n}}, {{W+|es|estufa}}, {{W+|es|pastel}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kamin}}, {{W+|sv|spis}},
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|танӯр|tr=tanūr}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เตาอบ|tr=dtao òp}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tandır}}, {{W+|tr|ocak}}, {{W+|tr|fırın}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|peç}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|піч|tr=pich}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lò}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ffwrn}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φούρνος|R=foúrnos}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|isitofu}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>k9cdmzil45geswqjgi0vahc9trp1zi7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>noq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21804</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291106</id>
      <parentid>6243322</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291106</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2454" sha1="nxuafo80698n8y9h7iobb0dcfqu2yrw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bin-av]], [[xerq]], di [[bin]] [[av]]ê ve
#: {{nm|ku|Keştî '''noq''' bû.|Ket binê avê, xwe li ser avê negirt.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Xwe '''noq''' kir binê avê.}}
# Di [[bin]] tiştekê/î ve.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|niqav
|niqaw
|niqim
|niqom
|niqu
|niqum
|niqû
|niqûm
|noqav
|noqaw
|noqim
|noqo
|noqom
|noqu
|noqum
|noqû
|noqûm
|nuqav
|nuqaw
|nuqim
|niqo
|nuqo
|nuqom
|nuqu
|nuqum
|nuqû
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|noq bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|noq kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|noqbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|noqkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|noqbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|noqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|noqandin
|noqandî
|noqav
|noqavî
|noqbar
|noqbarî
|noqbark
|noqber
|noqberî
|noqberk
|noqiyayî
|noqik
|noqîn
|noqîner
|noqînk
|noqkar
|noqkarî
|noqker
|noqkerî
|noqkî
|noqok
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Têkildarî peyva '''[[nixûm]]''' û '''[[niximandin]]''' yan '''[[nixamtin]]'''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|Noq bûn.}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|tauchen}}, {{W+|de|Taucher|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|dykke}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|plonĝi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|ته نشین شدن}}
* {{Z|fi}}: [[sukeltaa]] [[vesi|veteen]], [[joutua]] [[vesi|veden]] [[pohja]]an
* {{Z|fr}}: se [[plonger]]
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|dûke}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|duiken}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|dive}}, to {{W+|en|plunge}}, {{W+|en|submarine}}, {{W+|en|drowning}}, {{W+|en|submerging}}, {{W+|en|guppy|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|plunging|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sub|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|submersible|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|aqualunger|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pigboat|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|submerged|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|skin diver, scuba diver|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tuffarsi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|llançar-se de cap}}, {{W-|ca|llançar-se en picat}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|alábuktat}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|sambuyá}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|mergulhar}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|bucear}}, {{W+|es|zambullirse}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|dyka}}
* {{Z|tr}}:  {{W+|tr|dalma}}, {{W+|tr|batma}}, {{W+|tr|batış}}, {{W+|tr|gark}}, {{W+|tr|dalış}}, {{W+|tr|bel}}, {{W+|tr|dalgıç}}, {{W+|tr|denizaltı}}, {{W+|tr|deniz altı}}, {{W+|tr|balık adam|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kurbağa adam|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kurbağacık|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tahtelbahir|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|ku|newq|w=navbera zikî û lingan}}</text>
      <sha1>nxuafo80698n8y9h7iobb0dcfqu2yrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qumar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21884</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291107</id>
      <parentid>6263112</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291107</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3228" sha1="tl368encskwkm7kw765jwuwd7v9l2v0" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|qumar|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[lîstik|Lîstik]]a li ser [[pare]] yan [[maliyet]]ê ku dibe mirov [[ji dest dan|ji dest bide]] yan jî yên [[dijber]]ên xwe jê [[qezenc]] bike.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|bextbazî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bi şev û roj karê wî '''qumar''' e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Îslamê '''qumar''' heram kiriye.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|قومار}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|qomar}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|komar}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qumarî
|qumarker
|qumarlîz
|qumar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qumar lîstin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qumarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qumarlîstin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qumarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|قِمَار‎|tr=qimar}}/{{g|ar|‎قُمار|tr=qumar}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Glücksspiel|nt}}
* Hindi:{{W+|hi|जुआ|n}}, {{W+|hi|किमार|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|qumar}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|аза́ртная гульня́|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အကစား}}, {{W+|my|အလောင်းအစား}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|hazardní hra|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|賭博|tr=dǔbó}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|hasard}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|perjudian}}, {{W+|id|judi}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قِمَار|n}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|قُمار|n|tr=gumār}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|mängurlus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|قمار|tr=qomâr}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|uhkapeli}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|jeu de hasard|cuda=jeux de hasard|n-p}}, {{W+|fr|pari|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|gambling}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|giochi d'azzardo|n-p}}, {{W+|it|gioco d'azzardo|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|fjárhættuspil|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|賭博|tr=とばく, tobaku|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|博奕|tr=ばくえき, bakueki|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|博打|tr=ばくち, bakuchi|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|도박}}, {{W+|ko|노름}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|azartspēle|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ການພະນັນ}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|комар|n}}, {{W-|mk|коцкање|nt}}, {{W-|mk|хазард|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|perjudian}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szerencsejáték}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|hazard|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|jogo de azar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|құмар}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|аза́ртная игра́|m}}, {{W+|ru|азартная игра|cuda=аза́ртные и́гры|m-p}}, {{W-|ru|[[иго́рный]] [[би́знес]]|n|tr=igórnyj bíznɛs}}, {{W+|ru|гэ́мблинг|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|द्यूत|nt}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|hazardná hra|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|juego de azar|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kamari}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|hasardspel|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|қимор}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|การพนัน}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|జూదము}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kumar}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|аза́ртна гра|m}}, {{W-|uk|аза́ртна ігра́|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đổ bác}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ការភ្នាល់}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|gambling|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75450666}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# {{g|ku|qumar}}
#* {{bêmînak|az}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|qumar}}</text>
      <sha1>tl368encskwkm7kw765jwuwd7v9l2v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kontrol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21897</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291108</id>
      <parentid>6253285</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291108</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2655" sha1="qlmdx6pk76up4c1lskfmeqb6193dc0r" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kontrol|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[binemrî]], [[zeft]], [[seytere]], [[berbendî]], [[bandor]], [[tesîr]], [[ferman]], [[emir]]
#: {{nm|ku|Çete êdî ne di bin '''kontrola''' dewletê de jî ne.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ji '''kontrolê''' derketine.}}
# [[venerîn]], [[pişkinîn]], [[teftêş]], [[azmayîş]]
#: {{nm|ku|Pasaport li ser sinorî tên '''kontrolkirin'''.}}
# [[xewle]], [[sax]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|qontrol}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kontrol kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kontrolkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kontrolkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêkontrol
|bêkontrolî
|bikontrol
|bikontrolî
|dûrkontrol
|dûrkontrolî
|kontrolî
|kontrolkar
|kontrolkarî
|kontrolker
}}

{{kontrolWergerr}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|tr|ku|kontrol}}, ji {{ji|ota|ku|قونترول||kontrol}}, ji {{ji|fr|ku|contrôle}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|zeft, seytere}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Kontrolle|f}}, {{W|de|Kontrollgruppe|f}}, {{W+|de|Kontrollen}}, {{W|de|Appell|m}}, {{W|de|Musterung|f}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kontrol}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kontrol}}, {{W+|id|kendali}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کنترل}}, {{W+|fa|کنترل}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kontrolli}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|contrôle|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|controle|f}}, {{W|nl|invloed|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[操縦]]する ([[そうじゅう]]する, {{W+|ja|sōjū-suru)}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|controle}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|control|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|kontroll|c}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|నియంత్రణ|tr=niyamtrana}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|[[venerîn]], [[pişkinîn]], [[teftêş]], [[azmayîş]]}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kontrol}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kontrolo}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kontrolli}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W+|fur|kontrole}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|kontrole}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|check-up}}, {{W+|nl|controle}}, {{W+|nl|supervisie}}, {{W+|nl|verificatie}}, {{W+|nl|opzicht}}, {{W+|nl|toezicht}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|check}}, {{W+|en|sway}}, {{W+|en|control}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|controllo}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|kontroll}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|chèkòp}}, {{W+|pap|kontròl}}, {{W+|pap|kòntròl}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|comprobación}}, {{W+|es|inspección}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kontroll}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kontrol}}, {{W+|tr|denetim}}, {{W+|tr|nezaret}}, {{W+|tr|yoklama}}, {{W|tr|güdüm|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[sehêt]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[venêran]], [[pişkinan]], kontrol
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[sehî]], [[sehîtî]], [[sekirin]], [[oxilme]]
#: {{mk|tr|Üst baş '''kontrolü'''.|Sekirina ser û bin.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>qlmdx6pk76up4c1lskfmeqb6193dc0r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>seza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21934</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291109</id>
      <parentid>6287361</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291109</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1229" sha1="f1hbodal1zi4t93gfjo2ggq8je0lm3y" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|seza}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[hêja|Hêja]], [[hejî]], [[şayan]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ev kar ne '''sezayî''' te ye.|Ev kar kêr te nayê.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Birêz Kurdistan TV, ... tu deng û rengê partiyek xwedan dîrok î û îro jî di cihê rêveberiyê de yî. Ne '''sezayî''' te ye ku tu ekrana xwe erzan bikî mîna hin televizyonên dîtir. Ji ber navê te Kurdistan e, tu bi navê xwe barekî herî giran li xwe dikî û berpirsiyariya pir tiştan ji te tê xwestin.|Lotikxane.com, 3/2008}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|seza kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sezakirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sezakirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|siza}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|ceza}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مناسب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جریمه}}, {{W+|fa|درخورد}}, {{W+|fa|سازگار}}, {{W+|fa|شایسته}}, {{W+|fa|مناسب}}, {{W+|fa|بدی}}, {{W+|fa|سزا|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|عیب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|rod}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|uygun}}, {{W+|tr|layık}}, {{W+|tr|şayan}}, {{W+|tr|yaraşır}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>f1hbodal1zi4t93gfjo2ggq8je0lm3y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nezer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21946</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291110</id>
      <parentid>6124422</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291110</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2242" sha1="3rr73h9fuk433wueoxigq9sabxnklc1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nezer|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[ray]], [[dîtin]], [[nêrîn]], [[boçûn]], [[qenaet]], [[bawerî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Nezera min ew e ku divê em tenê bi serxwebûnê razî bibin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Paşê Wî çêkir ji nûra [[namuwer]] &lt;br&gt;Cewherek lê kir '''nezer''' ew bû du ker|Mela Hisênê Batê}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|نظر|tr=neẓer}}, [[hevreh]]a aramî [[ܢܛܪ]] (neṭer). Ji eynî rehî: [[menzere]], [[nazir]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nezerkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|nezerbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|boçûnî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|mening}}, {{W-|af|opinie}}, {{W-|af|opvatting}}, {{W-|af|visie}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|mendim}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Anschauung|f}}, {{W+|de|Meinung|f}}, {{W+|de|Äußerung|f}}, {{W+|de|Gesinnung|f}}, {{W+|de|Gutdünken|n}}, {{W+|de|Ansicht|f}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W-|bm|hakili}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[мнение]] (mnenie), [[възглед]] (vǎzgled), [[схващане]] (shvaštane)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|mening}}, {{W-|da|opfattelse}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|opinio}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|چشم زدن}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|meining}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mielipide}}, {{W+|fi|kanta}}, {{W+|fi|kannanotto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|avis}}, {{W+|fr|opinion}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|miening}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|beachd}}, {{W-|gd|barail}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|opinie}}, {{W+|nl|mening}}, {{W+|nl|dunk}}, {{W+|nl|visie}}, {{W+|nl|zienswijze}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|opiniono}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|opinion}}, {{W+|en|stand}}, {{W+|en|view}}, {{W+|en|viewpoint}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|álit}}, {{W+|is|skoðun}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|意見}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|pendapat}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|mening}}, {{W+|no|oppfatning}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|huisio}}, {{W-|pap|opinion}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|opinia}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|opinião}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|взгляд}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|opinión}}, {{W+|es|acuerdo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|åsikt}}, {{W+|sv|mening}}, {{W+|sv|uppfattning}}, {{W+|sv|omdöme}}, {{W+|sv|tycke}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|kuru-kurò}}, {{W-|tl|palagáy}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tutum}}, {{W+|tr|tavır}}, {{W+|tr|nazar}}, {{W+|tr|göz|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3rr73h9fuk433wueoxigq9sabxnklc1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tatîl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21997</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291111</id>
      <parentid>6288278</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291111</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1704" sha1="k1y6ker8o9a7ffrrq505isn33pwyj9b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tatîl|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dem|Dem]]a [[bênvedan]]ê, [[pişû]], [[betlane]]; çend [[roj]] yan [[hefte]] yan [[meh]]ên ku mirov [[kar]] nake lê [[paşî]] [[vegerrîn|vedigerre]] karê xwe.
#: {{hevmane|ku|betlane|tatîlat|pişû|bêhndan|vêsan|etle}}
#: {{nm|ku|Havînê dibistan nîne loma dibistanî li '''tatîlê''' ne.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=([[şaredar|Şaredar]]ê Amedê Osman) Baydemir da zanîn ku dê [[burs]] bidin 50 hezar zarokan û bi zarokan re bi qasî hefteyek, li Gola Hazarê tatîlê bikin.|Kurdishinfo.com, 7/2005}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[bênvedan]], [[azane]], [[navber]], [[navbir]], [[vehesîn]], [[merexesî]]}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tatîl bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tatîl kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tatîlbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tatîlkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tatîlbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tatîlkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Urlaub|m}}, {{W+|de|Muße|f}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ferie}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|maldungo}}, {{W-|eo|libertempo}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|loma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|congé}}, {{W+|fr|loisirs}}, {{W+|fr|vacances}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|fakânsje}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|fakânsje}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|vakantie}}, {{W+|nl|verlof}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|vacation}}, {{W+|en|holiday}}, {{W+|en|leave}}, {{W+|en|leisure}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ferie}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|fakansi}}, {{W-|pap|vakashon}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|urlop}}, {{W+|pl|wczasy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|férias}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ferier}}, {{W+|sv|semester}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tatil}}, {{W+|tr|izin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>k1y6ker8o9a7ffrrq505isn33pwyj9b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>leheng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22083</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291112</id>
      <parentid>6212301</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291112</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1919" sha1="qq928chr1eppdwu0xxyv5octmr44bzg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|leheng|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[mirov|Mirov]]ê [[egîd]], [[xweşmêr]], [[camêr]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|qehreman}}
#* {{Hawar1|hj=21|sal=1933|nivîskar=Osman Sebrî|sernav=Li Goristanek Amedê|jêgirtin=Ey qencê Xwedê! Qesda min dîtina welêt û vî erdê ko ji jêr û '''lehengan''' tijî ziyaret kirin; û ji vê jana di dilê xwe re jî dermanek ji cenabê we xwastin bû.}}
# Kesê ku [[rol]]a [[serekî]] di [[dest]]î de ye; kesê ku di [[kitêb]]ekê yan [[film]]ekê de herî zêde [[bas]]a wî tê kirin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|qehreman}}
#: {{nm|ku|Mem '''lehengê''' serekî yê dîwana &quot;Mem û Zîn&quot; ya Ehmedê Xanî ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|James Bond '''lehengekî''' xeyalî ye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li gorî mijarê cureyên çîrokê cuda cuda ne. Her çîrokek ji sê beşan pêk tê (çîvanok, beşa hîmî û encam). Divê di her çîrokê de bûyer, '''leheng''', cih û dem hebe.|''[[w:Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok|Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok]]'', [[w:Mehmet Bozkoyun|Mehmet Bozkoyun]], Bingöl Üniversitesi Yaşayan Diller Enstitüsü Dergisi}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|leheng bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|leheng kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lehengbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lehengkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lehengbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lehengkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lehengî
|lehengîtî
|lehengtî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|neheng}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|gernas}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|çeleng}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|mirovê egîd|id=mirovê_egîd|qehreman}}
{{werger-bnr|kesê serekî di çîrok an kitêbekê de|id=kesê serekî|qehreman}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[xurt]], [[bihêz]], [[qewî]], [[biqewet]], [[bizever]], [[bitaqet]], [[bişiyan]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qq928chr1eppdwu0xxyv5octmr44bzg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22084</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291113</id>
      <parentid>6286987</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291113</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1387" sha1="fn0fh27x8ygquseptrve6h5sck5uvfw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|rol}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rol|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[leheng|Leheng]]a/ê yan [[beş]]a ku di [[film]]ekê yan [[şano]]yekê de ji alî [[şanovan]]ekî yan [[pêşkêşker]]ekî ve têt [[lîstin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|niyar|Niyar|rist|dewr}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wî '''rola''' xwe pirr baş di filmî de lîst.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Melayê Cizîrî '''rolek''' pirr giring di wêjeya kurdî de heye.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rol kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rol girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rolkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rolgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rolkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêrol
|bêrolî
|birol
|birolî
|roldar
|roldarî
|roldarîtî
|roldartî
|rollîz
|rollîzî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|rûl
|ron
|roj
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Rolle|f}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|peran}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|دور}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نقش}}
* {{Z|fi}}: [[rooli]] (1), [[merkitys]] (2), {{W+|fi|tehtävä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|rôle}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|role}}, {{W+|en|function}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szerep}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|rol}}, {{W+|tr|erk}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ρόλος}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[niyar]], [[rist]], [[rol]]
#: {{mk|tr|Baş'''rol'''.|Sererol.|rêz=1}}
# [[dewr]], [[rol]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>fn0fh27x8ygquseptrve6h5sck5uvfw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pîşe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22146</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291114</id>
      <parentid>6124426</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291114</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3468" sha1="pbxfbbkfvpcd3ury1vehg6oqg7pt649" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pîşe|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kar|Kar]]ê ku mirov bo hatiye [[perwerde]]kirin û mirov bo [[jiyar]]a xwe bi [[berdewam]]î dike.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pîşeya''' wê mamostetî ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek kes dadweriyê û bijîşkiyê wek '''pîşeyên''' herî baş dihesibînin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dema tu mezin bibî, tu dixwazî '''pîşeya''' te çi be?}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bijartina '''pîşeyê''' ji xwe re ne herdem asan e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|- '''Pîşeya''' te çi ye?&lt;br&gt;- Ez nivîskar im.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Mehrûyan kemtir wefa ye&lt;/br&gt;'''Pîşe'ê''' wan xenc û naz e&lt;/br&gt;Sen'etê 'aşiq niyaz e}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پیشه}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|meslek
|mihne
|hokar
|profesyon
|kariyer
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêpîşe
|bêpîşehî
|bêpîşetî
|bêpîşeyî
|bipîşe
|bipîşehî
|bipîşetî
|bipîşeyî
|pîşedar
|pîşedarî
|pîşedarîtî
|pîşedartî
|pîşedêr
|pîşedêrî
|pîşedêrîtî
|pîşedêrtî
|pîşeder
|pîşederî
|pîşederîtî
|pîşedertî
|pîşekar
|pîşekarî
|pîşemend
|pîşemendî
|pîşesaz
|pîşesazî
|pîşeyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|پیشە}}, ji {{ji|fa|ku|پیشه|tr=pîşê}}, ji {{ji|pal|ku|pyšg|tr=pêşeg}}. Bide ber {{q|ku|pêşk}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|beroep}}, {{W+|af|bedryf}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|profesion}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Beruf|m}}, {{W+|de|Gewerbe|n}}, {{W+|de|Profession|f}}, {{W+|de|Fach|n}}, {{W+|de|Laufbahn|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Besetzung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[професия]] (profesiya)
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|profese}}, {{W-|cs|hlásání}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|職業}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|stilling}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[مهنة]] (mihne), {{W-|ar|الصنعة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المضماض|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|حرفة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مكسب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|profesio}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پیشه}}, {{W+|fa|مسلک}}, {{W+|fa|پیشه}}, {{W+|fa|کار}}, {{W+|fa|هنر}}, {{W+|fa|صنعت}}, {{W+|fa|مکسب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|starv}}, {{W+|fo|arbeiði}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ammatti}}, {{W+|fi|ura}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|berop}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|beroep}}, {{W+|nl|bedrijf}}, {{W+|nl|broodwinning}}, {{W+|nl|professie}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מקצוע}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|profession}}, {{W+|en|occupation}}, {{W+|en|vocation}}, {{W+|en|career}}, {{W+|en|walk of life}}, {{W+|en|craft|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|handicraft|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|metier|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|professione}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|professió}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|직업}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hivatás}}, {{W+|hu|foglalkozás}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|yrke}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|profeshon}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|profissão}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|profesiune}}, {{W-|ro|ocupaţie}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[профессия]] (professiya)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|profesija}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|profesija}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Latînî: {{W-|la|profesija}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|profesión}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|yrke}}, {{W+|sv|profession}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meslek}}, {{W+|tr|kariyer}}, {{W+|tr|sanat}}, {{W+|tr|sınaat}}, {{W+|tr|zanaat}}, {{W-|tr|meslek erbabı|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|kesp}}
* {{Z|uk}}: [[професія]] (profesiya)
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|επάγγελμα}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pbxfbbkfvpcd3ury1vehg6oqg7pt649</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mihne</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22155</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291115</id>
      <parentid>6262785</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291115</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2468" sha1="lik939tpow7cyst5l26i1012a4sipvq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mihne|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kar|Kar]]ê ku mirov bo hatiye [[perwerde]]kirin û mirov bo [[jiyar]]a xwe bi [[berdewam]]î dike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|pîşe|meslek|hokar|profesyon|kariyer}}
#: {{nm|ku|Mihneya wê mamostetî ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|- Mihneya te çi ye? - Ez nivîskar im.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[kar]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مهنه}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|mîhne}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|mane|mehne}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|مهنة|tr=mihne}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêmihne
|bêmihnehî
|bêmihnetî
|bêmihneyî
|bimihne
|bimihnehî
|bimihnetî
|bimihneyî
|mihnedar
|mihnedarî
|mihnedarîtî
|mihnedartî
|mihnedêr
|mihnedêrî
|mihnedêrîtî
|mihnedêrtî
|mihneder
|mihnederî
|mihnederîtî
|mihnedertî
|mihnekar
|mihnekarî
|mihnemend
|mihnemendî
|mihnesaz
|mihnesazî
|mihneyî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|beroep}}, {{W+|af|bedryf}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|profesion}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Beruf|m}}, {{W|de|Gewerbe|n}}, {{W|de|Profession|f}}, {{W|de|Fach|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[професия]] (profesiya)
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|profese}}, {{W+|cs|hlásání}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|職業}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|stilling}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[مهنة]] (mihne)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|profesio}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پیشه}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|starv}}, {{W+|fo|arbeiði}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ammatti}}, {{W+|fi|ura}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|berop}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|beroep}}, {{W+|nl|bedrijf}}, {{W+|nl|broodwinning}}, {{W+|nl|professie}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מקצוע}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|profession}}, {{W+|en|occupation}}, {{W+|en|vocation}}, {{W+|en|career}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|professione}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|professió}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|직업}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hivatás}}, {{W+|hu|foglalkozás}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|yrke}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|profeshon}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|profissão}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|profesiune}}, {{W+|ro|ocupaţie}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[профессия]] (professiya)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|profesija}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|profesija}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Latînî: {{W+|la|profesija}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|profesión}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|yrke}}, {{W+|sv|profession}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meslek}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|kesp}}
* {{Z|uk}}: [[професія]] (profesiya)
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|επάγγελμα}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lik939tpow7cyst5l26i1012a4sipvq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hokar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22158</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291116</id>
      <parentid>6097010</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291116</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2886" sha1="qn8o613dthtljdmk292gjva5xvjybtj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[pîşe]], [[meslek]], [[kar]], [[mihne]], [[profesyon]], [[kariyer]], &lt;br&gt;[[kar]]ê ku mirov bo hatiye [[perwerde]]kirin û mirov bo [[jiyar]]a xwe bi [[berdewam]]î dike
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hokarê''' wê mamostetî ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek kes dadweriyê û bijîşkiyê wek '''hokarên''' herî baş dihesibînin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dema tu mezin bibî, tu dixwazî '''hokarê''' te çi be?}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bijartina '''hokarekî''' ji xwe re ne herdem asan e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|- '''Hokarê''' te çi ye? - Ez nivîskar im.}}
# [[eger]], [[sebeb]], [[sedem]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...û vedigere ser '''hokareke''' ji qaîdeya nefretê esîltir.|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=69}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هۆكار}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|hoker
|hezkar
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêhokar
|bêhokarî
|bêhokarîtî
|bêhokartî
|bihokar
|bihokarî
|bihokarîtî
|bihokartî
|hokardar
|hokardarî
|hokardarîtî
|hokardartî
|hokardêr
|hokardêrî
|hokardêrîtî
|hokardêrtî
|hokarder
|hokarderî
|hokarderîtî
|hokardertî
|hokarî
|hokarmend
|hokarmendî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ho-|kar}}. Anku karê ku çê tê kirin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|beroep}}, {{W+|af|bedryf}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|profesion}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Beruf|m}}, {{W|de|Gewerbe|n}}, {{W|de|Profession|f}}, {{W|de|Fach|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[професия]] (profesiya)
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|profese}}, {{W+|cs|hlásání}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|職業}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|stilling}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[مهنة]] (mihne), {{W|ar|سبب}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|profesio}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پیشه}}, {{W+|fa|فاکتور}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|starv}}, {{W+|fo|arbeiði}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ammatti}}, {{W+|fi|ura}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|berop}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|beroep}}, {{W+|nl|bedrijf}}, {{W+|nl|broodwinning}}, {{W+|nl|professie}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מקצוע}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|profession}}, {{W+|en|occupation}}, {{W|en|reason}},{{W+|en|vocation}}, {{W+|en|career}}, {{W+|en|factorial}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|professione}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|professió}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|직업}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hivatás}}, {{W+|hu|foglalkozás}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|yrke}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|profeshon}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|profissão}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|profesiune}}, {{W+|ro|ocupaţie}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[профессия]] (professiya)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|profesija}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|profesija}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|profesija}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|profesión}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|yrke}}, {{W+|sv|profession}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meslek}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|kesp}}
* {{Z|uk}}: [[професія]] (profesiya)
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|επάγγελμα}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qn8o613dthtljdmk292gjva5xvjybtj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêçan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22167</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291117</id>
      <parentid>6290490</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291117</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4838" sha1="nx350d0cwf3wn598gnr90vso7hpw3lz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/peːˈt͡ʃɑːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}, {{p-ya req}}, {{ç-ya nerm}}
# Kirin di [[nav]] tiştekî re, tiştek lê [[alandin]], [[niximandin]], tiştek pê [[dadan]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Paşê cigareke qalind '''pêça''', vêxist û li ber serê lêwik rûnişt.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) kirasê xwe li navtengê '''pêçan''' (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Xelîl Duhokî/Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) jiyana me, der û dorên me bi tirs û xurtîyeke nedîtî hatiye girtin û '''pêçandin'''.|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Mirina Kalekî Rind/1987}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) hev hemêz kirine, lehêfê li xwe pêçane û di xew de ne.|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Xwençe 1/1989}}}}
# {{f|ku|Ûrmiye}} [[ba dan]], [[çemandin]], ser aliyek xwar kirin ya ser aliyek zivirandina tiştekê.
#: {{nm|ku|Piştê wê kolanê '''bipêçe''' ser destê rastê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew pêçê kêmekê '''bipêçe''' bila qahêm bî.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پێچان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|pêçandin
|pêçîn
}}

==== Tewîn ====
: -pêç-

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[pêç]] + [[-an]], ji {{ji|ira}}, [[hevreh]]a pehlewî ''pêçîden'', farisî {{g|fa|پوشیدن}} (pûşîden)

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pêçe
|hilpêçan
|hilpêçandî
|hilpêçayî
|pêçandî
|pêçayî
|pêçek
|pêçer
|pêçerî
|pêçik
|rapêçan
|rapêçandin
|rapêçandî
|rapêçiyayî
|rapêçî
|rapêçîn
|rapêçîner
|vepêçan
|vepêçandin
|vepêçîn
|vepêçîner
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|einpacken}}, sich ~, {{W+|de|einhüllen}}, {{W+|de|rollen}}, {{W+|de|wickeln}}, {{W+|de|Blockade|f}}, {{W+|de|einfassen}}, {{W+|de|einhegen}}, {{W+|de|einschließen}}, {{W+|de|einschliessen}}, {{W+|de|umfassen}}, {{W+|de|umgeben}}, {{W+|de|umwickeln}}, {{W+|de|umzingeln}}, {{W+|de|Abwicklung|f}}, {{W-|de|Weben}}, {{W+|de|Winden}}, {{W+|de|Windung|f}}, {{W+|de|eindecken}}, {{W+|de|pflastern}}, {{W-|de|sich anziehen}}, {{W-|de|sich einpacken}}, {{W-|de|sich ranken}}, {{W+|de|umbinden}}, {{W+|de|umknicken}}, {{W+|de|umwinden}}, {{W+|de|verflechten}}, {{W+|de|weben}}, {{W+|de|winden}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الطي|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|لَفَّ}}, {{W-|ar|ألوى}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|volvi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|باندپیچی کردن}}, {{W+|fa|پیچاندن}}, {{W+|fa|پیچیدن}}, {{W+|fa|پیچیدن}}, {{W-|fa|بالا زدن}}, {{W-|fa|بالا کشیدن}}, {{W+|fa|پیچش}}, {{W-|fa|.پیچاندن}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|vevja}}, {{W-|fo|vinda}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kääriä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|enrouler}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|oprollen}}, {{W+|nl|strengelen}}, {{W+|nl|wikkelen}}, {{W+|nl|winden}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|wrap}}, to {{W+|en|clothe}}, to {{W+|en|roll}}, to {{W+|en|roll up}}, to {{W+|en|wind}}, to {{W+|en|wind up}}, to {{W-|en|wrap round}}, {{W+|en|beset}}, {{W+|en|do up}}, {{W+|en|begird}}, {{W+|en|enshroud}}, {{W+|en|coil}}, {{W+|en|blockade|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|coiling|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|conjoining|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|convolute|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|convolution|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|convolve|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|curl|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|enclose|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|enswathe|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|enwrap|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|folding|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|plication|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|swaddle|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|swaddling clothes|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|swathe|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|swathing|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wrappage|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wreath|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|wring neck of|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|twist}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|avvolgere, vestire, rotolare}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|embolicar}}, {{W+|ca|enrotllar}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|enrolar}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|вить}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|enrollar}}, {{W+|es|envolver}}, {{W+|es|bobinar}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sarmak}}, {{W+|tr|katlatmak}}, {{W+|tr|kuşam}}, {{W+|tr|sarım}}, {{W+|tr|beleme}}, {{W+|tr|belemek}}, {{W+|tr|dolama}}, {{W+|tr|dolamak}}, {{W+|tr|dürmek}}, {{W+|tr|kaplayış}}, {{W+|tr|kuşanmak}}, {{W+|tr|kuşatma}}, {{W+|tr|kuşatmak}}, {{W+|tr|sarılış}}, {{W+|tr|sarılma}}, {{W+|tr|sarılmak}}, {{W+|tr|sarış}}, {{W+|tr|sarmalama}}, {{W+|tr|sarmalamak}}, {{W+|tr|sarmalanma}}, {{W+|tr|sarmalanmak}}, {{W+|tr|bandaj}}, {{W+|tr|katlamak}}, {{W+|tr|sarma}}, {{W+|tr|sardırmak}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pêçan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Lê seyyirî bayê şimal&lt;br /&gt;Pêçane ser nûra zelal&lt;br /&gt;Qet kes-i dîn ev reng misal}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>nx350d0cwf3wn598gnr90vso7hpw3lz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hewîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22352</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291118</id>
      <parentid>6282497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291118</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2476" sha1="0tpggwvqczjqjklchkcdmi1aqtgwmue" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-hewîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker 1 ===
{{lêker|ku|c=ngh}}
# [[vehewîn]], [[tebitîn]], [[hedirîn]], [[bi cih bûn]], [[sekinîn]], [[arimîn]], [[rehet]] bûn, [[hêmin]] bûn, [[hêwir bûn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Li malê '''nahewe'''.|Hertim li derve ye.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Ji muhbeta kê ditewî?&lt;/br&gt;Şevtariyan qet '''nahewî'''&lt;/br&gt;Tu j'emrê kê ve lez ketê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حه‌وین}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|hewan
|hewhan
|hewihan
|hewhîn
|hewihîn
|hewiyan
|hewîyan
|hewyan
|hewnî
|vehewîn
|vehewiyan
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hewîn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hewînkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hewînkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hewiyayî
|hewînî
|hewî
|vehewiyayî
|vehewî
|hewingeh
}}

==== Tewîn ====
''Lêker'':
: -hew-

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|hewandin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حَوَى}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Ausdauer|f}}, {{W|de|Klammer|f}}, {{W|de|Krampe|f}}, {{W|de|still werden}}, {{W|de|verweilen}}, {{W|de|unterkommen}}, {{W|de|Aufenthalt|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مشتمل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|جای گرفتن}}, {{W|fa|پناه گرفتن}}, {{W|fa|آرام شدن}}, {{W|fa|پناه جستن}}, {{W|fa|کیسه بزرگ}}, {{W|fa|همیان}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|brace}}, {{W|en|clamp}}, {{W|en|holdfast}}, {{W|en|parenthesis}}, {{W|en|patience}}, {{W|en|staple}}, {{W|en|tolerance}}, {{W|en|leaven}}, {{W|en|slumberous|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|calm down|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|calming down|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shake down|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|barınma}}, {{W|tr|barınmak}}, {{W|tr|dayanma}}, {{W|tr|ibate}}, {{W|tr|içlem}}, {{W|tr|konmak}}, {{W|tr|niyaz}}, {{W|tr|sabır}}, {{W|tr|tahammül}}, {{W|tr|toplanmak}}, {{W|tr|düşünce|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|rahat durmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sakin olmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|tahaffuz|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|uslu durmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hewîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[sebir]], [[bêhnfirehî]], [[hedan]], [[hedûr]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[sitargeh]], [[sitare]], [[pena]], [[penageh]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{clr}}

=== Lêker 2 ===
{{lêker|ku|c=}}
# {{guherto|ku|ewtin|w=dengê kûçikan kirin}}</text>
      <sha1>0tpggwvqczjqjklchkcdmi1aqtgwmue</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tep</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22431</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291119</id>
      <parentid>6288422</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291119</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5092" sha1="lr1molp2cbsc2o7z4qlpp5u066xf8ls" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{t-ya req}}
# [[lêdan|Lêdan]]a bi [[kef]]a [[dest]]î yan bi tiştek din yê [[pan]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Tepek''' li pişta min da.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Min '''tepek''' jî lê nedaye lê dibêje ku ez birime ber mirinê!}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Tepek''' li qûna wê da.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji bo kêfa jina min lê neşikê û wê tempoya xwe dewam bike, bêyî ku kes bibîne min li mitfaxê lêvên wê maçî kir, '''tepek''' li kulîmeka wê ya rastê xist, bi çend gotinan pesnê wê da, pê rê bişirîm, paşê dageriyam odeya rûniştinê û min mêvan keremî xwarinê kirin.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Payiza Dereng|weşanxane={{w|Avesta}}|sal=2014|r=16}}}}
# [[deng|Deng]]ê [[lêdan]]ek wisan.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[deng|Deng]]ê ku têt [[bîstin]] dema tiştek bi [[hêz]] dikeve [[erd]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Gog '''tep''' bi erdê ket.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ته‌پ}}

==== Nêzîk ====
{{kol3|ku
|sîle
|şeq
|zele
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|hutik
|kulm
|lot
|mist
|pên
|zît
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tep lê dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|teplêdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|teplêdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tepeser
|tepeserî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|shpulakë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Klaps|m}}, {{W+|de|Ball|m}}, {{W+|de|Betrug|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|шамар}}, {{W+|bg|шляпвам}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|rána}}, {{W-|cs|políèek}}, {{W-|cs|pohlavkovat}}, {{W-|cs|pohlavek}}, {{W-|cs|plesknout}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|掌梊}}, {{W+|zh|掴}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|tamparan}}, {{W+|id|gebrakan}}, {{W+|id|gamparan}}, {{W+|id|gampar}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|صفعة}}, {{W-|ar|الكرة‌|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الكفخة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|vangofrapo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[سیلی]] (sîle), [[ضربت]] (zerbet), [[زدن]] (zeden), {{W+|fa|ضربه}}, {{W-|fa|ضربه دست}}, {{W+|fa|سیلی|guman=erê}}, {{W-|fa|ویران شدن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|läimäys}}, {{W-|fi|läimäytys}}, {{W+|fi|läpsäys}}, {{W+|fi|läpsy}}, {{W+|fi|läpsäytys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|gifle}}, {{W+|fr|fessée}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|mep|f}}, {{W+|nl|klets|f}}, {{W+|nl|oorveeg}}, {{W+|nl|lel}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מכת לחי}}, {{W-|he|לעטיח}}, {{W-|he|לסטור}}, {{W-|he|טפיחע}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|slap}}, {{W+|en|spank}}, {{W+|en|blow}}, {{W+|en|smack}}, {{W+|en|slapdash}}, {{W+|en|slapping}}, {{W+|en|spanking}}, {{W+|en|acme}}, {{W+|en|ball}}, {{W+|en|imposture}}, {{W+|en|hoax}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ceffone}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[平手扢ち]] ([[ひらてうち]])
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|철석 때림}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ütés}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|bofetada}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|trosc-pleosc}}, {{W+|ro|tac}}, {{W-|ro|palmã}}, {{W-|ro|hârşti}}, {{W-|ro|şart}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|шлепок}}, [[шлепать]] [[шлепок]], {{W+|ru|нашлепать}}, {{W+|ru|прямо}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|sgliobhag}}, {{W-|sco|sgiobag}}, {{W-|sco|sgealp}}, {{W-|sco|peileid}}, {{W-|sco|leog}}, {{W-|sco|deillseag}}, {{W-|sco|déiseag}}, {{W-|sco|cliùd}}, {{W-|sco|boiseag}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|klofuta|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|palmada}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|smälla}}, {{W-|sv|daska}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|เสียงตบ}}, {{W+|th|การตบ}}, {{W+|th|ตบ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tokat}}, {{W+|tr|sille}}, {{W+|tr|doruk}}, {{W+|tr|pençe}}, {{W+|tr|pericik}}, {{W+|tr|pıt}}, {{W+|tr|sara}}, {{W+|tr|sobe}}, {{W+|tr|şamar}}, {{W+|tr|şaplak}}, {{W+|tr|tepe}}, {{W+|tr|zirve}}, {{W+|tr|peri hastalığı}}, {{W+|tr|pof}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ραπίζω}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[epîlepsî|Epîlepsî]], [[keftin]], [[vegirtin]], ew kesê/a '''tep''' heyî [[hindek]] [[car]]an [[demildest]] dîn û har dibin.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|صرعة}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|seizure}}, {{W+|en|dab|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|falling sickness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|syncope|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|thud|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|unconsciousness|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|apn}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|apn}}
# {{f|apn|heywan}} [[masî#ku|masî]]
#* {{bênimûne|apn}}

== {{ziman|ram}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ram}}
# {{f|ram|heywan}} [[masî#ku|masî]]
#* {{bênimûne|ram}}

== {{ziman|txu}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|txu}}
# {{f|txu|heywan}} [[masî#ku|masî]]
#* {{bênimûne|txu}}

== {{ziman|xra}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|xra}}
# {{f|xra|heywan}} [[masî#ku|masî]]
#* {{bênimûne|xra}}

== {{ziman|gvp}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|gvp}}
# {{f|gvp|heywan}} [[masî#ku|masî]]
#* {{bênimûne|gvp}}

== {{ziman|sai-pyk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sai-pyk}}
# {{f|sai-pyk|heywan}} [[masî#ku|masî]]
#* {{bênimûne|sai-pyk}}

== {{ziman|vo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|vo}}
# {{mijar|vo|hewa}} {{g|ku|bahoz}}, {{g|ku|barove}}
#* {{bênimûne|vo}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|vo|bahoz}}</text>
      <sha1>lr1molp2cbsc2o7z4qlpp5u066xf8ls</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bombe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22474</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291120</id>
      <parentid>6249054</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291120</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2137" sha1="iuahvxiqth54et0nbcsoknzm6imoror" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bombe|mê|guherto=hemû}}
[[Wêne:MOAB bomb.jpg|250px|thumb|bombeyek avêtinê ya neteqandî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|çek}} [[çek]]a ku [[teqîn|diteqe]] û [[ziyan]]eke [[mezin]] [[gihandin|digihîne]] [[derdor]]ên xwe &lt;br&gt;(li cihekî tên [[bi cih kirin|bicihkirin]] û bo [[teqîn]]ê tên [[eyar]]kirin yan jî tên [[avêtin]] û bi ketinê re diteqin)
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bombe''' avêtin,  &lt;br&gt;'''bombe''' teqandin,  &lt;br&gt;'''bombeya''' napalmî,  &lt;br&gt;'''bombe''' teqîn.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|bimba
|bimbe
|bomba
|bumba
|bumbe
}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{lîste:çek/ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bombe kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bombekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bombekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bombebaran
|bombeya atomî
|bombeya hîdrojenê
|bombeyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|grc|ku|βόμβος|tr=bombos}} anku ''[[bum]], [[gurm]], [[hurm]]''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|bombe}}, {{W+|de|Bombe|f}}, {{W+|de|Granate|f}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|bomba}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[炸弹]] (zhà dàn)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bombe}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قنبلة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|bombo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بمب}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pommi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|bombe}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bom}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bomb}}, {{W+|en|cannon ball|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|bomba}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|sprengikúla}}, {{W+|is|sprengja}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[爆弾]] ([[ばくだん]], [[bakudan]])
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|bomba}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[폭탄]] [[爆彈]] (poktan)
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|bomba}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|bombe}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|bòm}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|bomba}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|bomba}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|bombă}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|бомба}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|bomba}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kombora}}, {{W+|sw|bomu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bomb}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bomba}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|βόμβα}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[qoq]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[hilpetkandî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>iuahvxiqth54et0nbcsoknzm6imoror</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>meqes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22649</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291121</id>
      <parentid>6253855</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291121</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3420" sha1="901ujuou8g3wco04wvdu1f95flhqjc4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Scissors.jpg|thumb|sê meqes]]
[[Wêne:Scissors 400px.png|thumb|sê meqes]]
{{ku-tewîn-nav|meqes|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[amûr|Amûr]]ek pê[[birîn]]ê ya du-[[dev]] e û dema devên wê digihin hev tiştî dibirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Ka '''meqesê''' bîne, divê vî benî bibirrim.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Nînokan bi '''meqesê''' nebirre, me mûçink jî heye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Yê din jî rahişt '''meqesê''', ber bi nezaretê ve çû, da ku ji xwe re bîskê bi yê girtî bileyize û por û riha wî bide ber '''meqesan'''.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ger we te divêtin bibirî ser bike ferman&lt;/br&gt;Da vê se'etê ser bibirim xweş '''meqes''' im ez&lt;/br&gt;Ser ta bi qedem ez bisojim şubhê Melayî}}

====Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مەقەس}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|miqes}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|cawbir}}
* {{g|ku|qeyçî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|meqes kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|meqeskirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|meqeskirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|meqesk
|meqesok
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha [[miqes]], hevreha {{hv|ckb|مەقەس}}, ji {{deyn|ar|ku|مقص}} (miqeṣṣ, meqeṣṣ), hevreha {{hv|akk||meqaṣu|sc=Latn}} ([[birrek]]a [[qesab]]an), ji [[me-]] + q-ṣ-ṣ ([[birîn]]) ku herwiha serekaniya [[qusandin]] ya kurdî ye jî. Peyva erebî ketiye gelek zimanên din jî: {{hv|tr|makas}}, swahilî [[mkasi]] / [[mikasi]], sirbî [[маказе]] (makazê), krowatî [[makaze]]... Li aliyekî din, [[قیچی]] (qeyçî) ya farisî û [[قه‌یچی]] ([[qeyçî]]) ya hin devokên soranî û [[kurdiya başûrî]] ji azerî hatine wergirtin: azerî [[qayçı]], hevreha kîrgîzî [[кайчы]] (kayçı), kazaxî [[қайшы]] (qayşı), ozbekî [[qaychi]], tirkmenistanî [[gaýçy]]... Eslê peyva zimanên [[tirkîkî]] dikare çînî be: [[鉸剪]], [[铰剪]] ‎(gaau3 zin2), hevreha koreyî [[가위]] (gaawi). Peyva [[tirkîkî]] bi rêya farisî ketiye zimanên Pakistan û Hindistanê jî: urdûyî [[قینچی]] (qeynçî) û [[کینچی]] (keyņçî), hindî [[कैंची]] ‎(keyṇçî), [[क़ैंची]] (qeyṇçî), bengalî [[কাঁচি]] ‎(kaçî)...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|skêr}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Schere|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|nůžky}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|剪刀}}, {{W|zh|剪子}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|saks}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مقصّ|tr=miqess, meqess}}, {{W|ar|مقراض|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مقص|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|tondilo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|قیچی}}, {{W|fa|قیچی}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|sakset}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|ciseaux}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|skjirre}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|schaar}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|scissors}}, {{W|en|pair of scissors}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|forbici}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|鋏|tr=[[はさみ]], hasami}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|ganivet}}, {{W|ca|tisores}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|axicia}}, {{W|la|bracchium}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|olló}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|saks}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|nożyczki}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|tesoura}}, {{W|pt|tosquiadeira}}, {{W|pt|podadeira}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|ножницы|tr=nójnîtsi}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W|srn|sesey}}, {{W|srn|sisey}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|tijeras}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|sax}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|makas}}, {{W|tr|sındı}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>901ujuou8g3wco04wvdu1f95flhqjc4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>romanî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22707</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291122</id>
      <parentid>6243024</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291122</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3991" sha1="gvikil78o0r4rsbrlkd309kvowwd048" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|ziman}} [[ziman|Ziman]]ê [[Romanya]]yê ye ku zimanekî [[romî]] yê nêzî [[îtalî]] ye.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[welatî|welatiya/ê]] [[Romanya]]yê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# Miletek gerrok yê li gelek welatan belav.
#: {{hevmane|ku|qereç}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|qereç}}

=== Rengdêr 1 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Her tişta/ê [[Romanya]]yê, [[gel]]ê wê yan [[ziman]]ê wê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|romanyayî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|Roemeen}}, {{W-|af|Romeens}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|Rumanisht}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Rumänisch|n}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ሮማኒያን}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|Румын}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|Errumaniera}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|Румынскай}}, {{W-|be|Румынская}}, {{W-|be|Руманская}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W-|br|Roumaneg}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|Румънски}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|rumunský}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|罗马尼亚语}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|Rumænsk}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|Romania}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|رومانية}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|Րումաներեն}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|Rumeenia}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|رومانى}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|Romanskt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|romania}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|roumain|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|Rûmeensk}}
* {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|Ромын}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|რუმინული}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|रोमनी}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|רומנית}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Romanian}}, {{W+|en|novelistic|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|Rómáinis}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|romeno|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|rúmenska}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|ルーマニア語}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|Romanès}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|루마니아어}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|Rumāņu}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|Rumunų}}, {{W-|lt|Rumuniškai}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|Романски}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|Romania}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|Rumen}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|román}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|Ромынань}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|Румын}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|रोमानियाली}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|rumensk}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W-|oc|Romanès}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|rumuński}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|romeno|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|Румын}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|română}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|Румынский}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|Rumunski}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|Румунски}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|Rumunský}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|romunščina|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|rumano}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|Kiromania}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rumänska}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|Romana}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|ரொமேனியன}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ภาษาโรมาเนีย}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|Румын}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|Romence}}, {{W-|tr|romence|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|çingene|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|romalı|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|romanyaca|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|rum|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|Rum|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|رومني}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|румунська|tr=rum'''u'''ns'ka}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|Tiếng Ru-ma-ni}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|Roumin}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|Rwmaneg}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W+|yi|רומעניש}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W-|el|Ρουμανικά}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|Isirumeniya}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 2 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# wek [[roman]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Jînenîgariya wî bi '''romanî''' hatiye nivîsîn.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|romankî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|romanî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|romanîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|romanîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|roman|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 3 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# {{guharto|ku|romî|w=ya/yê Romê yan latîniyê}}</text>
      <sha1>gvikil78o0r4rsbrlkd309kvowwd048</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dabilandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22942</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291123</id>
      <parentid>6290147</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291123</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2953" sha1="9b5dnxqkhgmb6j5xpy3xerm7yf3okua" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=p-gh}}
# Tiştek bi [[car]]ekê bi [[sax]]î yan [[tevahî]] di [[gewrî|gewriya]] xwe re [[birin]] [[zik]]ê xwe.
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin= ...bi emrê Xudê Teala esa bûye ejderhayek, ew sihrêd wan bi carekê hemû '''dabiland'''.|nivîskar={{w|Mela Mûsayê Hekarî}}|sernav=Durrû’l Mecalîs|amadekar=Hêmin Omer|sala weşandinê=2022|sal=1857|rûpel=143}}
#: {{nm|ku|Nanek bi carekê '''dabiland'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gurî karik '''dabilandin'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دابلاندن}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dabelandin
|dabelhandin
|dabelihandin
|dabeliandin
|dabel'andin
|dabeli'andin
|dabil'andin
|dabilhandin
|dabilihandin
|dabiliandin
|dabili'andin
}}

==== Tewîn ====
''Lêker'':
: da-belîn-

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|daqurtandin
|daûrandin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|da-}} ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܒܠܥܐ}} (b-l-': [[daûrandin]]), [[hevreh]]a {{g+|he|בלע}} (b-l-': [[daûrandin]])

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|dabelandî
|dabelîner
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|sluk}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gëlltit}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|schlucken}}, {{W+|de|hinunterschlucken}}, {{W+|de|verschlingen}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[吞]] (tūn)
* {{Z|ar}}: [[جرع]] (cere'e)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|gluti}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|چلچله}}, {{W+|fa|بلعیدن}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|niellä}}, {{W+|fi|nielaista}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|avaler}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|slikken}}, {{W+|nl|doorslikken}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|glutar}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|swealwe}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|swallow}}, {{W+|en|gobble}}, {{W+|en|devour}}, {{W+|en|ups and downs}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|deglutire}}, {{W+|it|inghiottire}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|飲み込む|tr=のみこむ, nomikomu}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|engolir}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[삼키다]] (samkida)
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|nyel}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|połknąć}}, {{W+|pl|połykać}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|engolir}}, {{W-|pt|deglutir}}, {{W-|pt|ingurgitar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|înghiţi}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[глотать]] (glotát’)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|gutati}}, {{W+|sh|progutati}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|gutati}}, {{W+|sh|progutati}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: [[гутати]], [[прогутати]]
*: Latînî: {{W-|la|gutati}}, {{W-|la|progutati}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|požirati}}, {{W+|sl|pogoltniti}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|tragar}}, {{W+|es|engullir}}, {{W+|es|deglutir}}, {{W+|es|ingurgitar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|svälja}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yutmak}}, {{W+|tr|sokranma}}, {{W+|tr|sokranmak}}, {{W-|tr|sözü ballandırmak}}, {{W+|tr|tekellüm}}, {{W+|tr|uğraştırma}}, {{W+|tr|uğraştırmak}}, {{W+|tr|veriştirme}}, {{W+|tr|veriştirmek}}, {{W+|tr|yutma}}, {{W+|tr|yutturma|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dabilandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9b5dnxqkhgmb6j5xpy3xerm7yf3okua</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23084</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291124</id>
      <parentid>6262726</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291124</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3163" sha1="podaqm9jwprmpahl4azb7m206mfyov3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fal|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[remil]], [[xêfzank]], &lt;br&gt;[[dîtin]]a [[qeder]]a kesekî yan tiştekî bi [[nerîn]]a li tiştekî
#: {{nm|ku|Jinika qereç '''falek''' vekir û got ku ew dê di belayekê de bimire.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=Di yekê Avdarê de gihiştim Eyndîwarê. Herkesî ji min re digotin: Bextê te baş e, tu di serê Biharê de hatî vir, ji îro pêve bihar e, Bihara Eyndîwarê mîna bihara zozanên Kurdistanê ye ... &lt;br&gt;Ev '''fala''' ko herkesî ji min re vedikir wisan derneket.. Bi hêjmar, mehek û sê rojan, bi şev û bi roj baran bariya. Bi hezar dijwarî min xwe digihand dibistanê.. [[Suxte]]yên dibistanê, mîna yên Amûdê, pirê wan Kurd bûn. Ji lewra me zû hevdû nas kir û me zû ji hev hez kir..|kovar=Hawar|sernav=Rojên derbasbûyî|nivîskar=Qedrî Can|hejmar=39|sal=1942}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|fahl
|fahlik
|falik
|fehl
|fehlik
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|fêl
|fîl
|fîîl
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fal avêtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fal kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fal vekirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fal xwarin
|falavêtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|falkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|falvekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|falxwarin
|faldan
|falavêj
|falavêjî
|falçî
|falçîtî
|falkar
|falkarî
|falvan
|falvanî
|falveker
|falzan
|falzanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}.{{çp}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|لعامظة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فال}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|divination}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|divination}}, {{W+|en|fortune telling}}, {{W|en|randy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|auspice|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|favourable|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|lobe|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|гадание}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fal}}, {{W+|tr|bakı}}, {{W+|tr|damızlık}}, {{W+|tr|aşım}}, {{W+|tr|fala bakmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|dalap|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[heywan]]ên [[nêr]] yên ne[[xesandin|xesandî]] yên ku dikarin [[perîn|biperin]]: &lt;br&gt;''kerê fal, &lt;br&gt;''hespê fal''
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|falî
|falîtî
|faltî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
* Ferhenga Kamêran, r. 247

== {{ziman|sq}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|sq}}
# {{g|ku|lê borîn}}, {{g|ku|efû kirin}}, {{g|ku|lê negirtin}}
#* {{bêmînak|sq}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sq|lê borîn}}

== {{ziman|zko}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|zko}}
# {{g|ku|germ}}
#* {{bêmînak|zko}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|zko|germ}}

== {{ziman|hu}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|hu|LL-Q9067 (hun)-Procrastineur49-fal.wav|Deng|dever=Lûksembûrg}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|hu}}
# [[dîwar#ku|dîwar]]
#* {{bêmînak|hu}}

== {{ziman|so}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|so}}
# {{mijar|so|zimannasî}} {{g|ku|lêker}}, {{g|ku|fiil}}
#* {{bêmînak|so}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|so|lêker}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-fal.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# fal, [[fehl]], [[fehlik]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>podaqm9jwprmpahl4azb7m206mfyov3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ajnî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23149</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291125</id>
      <parentid>6263085</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291125</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4102" sha1="mvf4jev827pjtsrfcb09uahdnjlysir" xml:space="preserve">{{ds|avjenî|ajnî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ɑːʒˈniː/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ajnî|mê}}
[[Wêne:Swimming.breaststroke.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|Kesek di avê de ajniyê dike.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[livîn|Livîna]] di [[av]]ê de bi [[vejenandin]]a [[dest]] û [[pî|piyan]] bêyî ku ti dera mirovî bikeve [[bin]]ê avê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|melevanî|sobanî|soberî|avjenî}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ajnî''' bo [[sehet]]ê pirr bi[[mifa]] ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''ajniyê''' nizanim.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Divê mirov hê zarrok xwe fêrî '''ajniyê''' bike.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ajniya''' li ser piştê, '''ajniya''' li ser sîngî, '''ajniya''' [[pelatînk]]î.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئاژنی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|ajne
|ajnê
|aşne
|avjenî&lt;q:di bin tesîra [[etîmolojiya gelêrî]] de&gt;
|avçenî&lt;q:Efrîn&gt;
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ajnî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|ajnîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|ajnîvan
|ajnîvanî
|ajnîzan
|ajnîzanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha [[ajne]], [[ajnê]], [[aşne]], [[sîno]], [[hevreh]]a zazakî [[asnaw]], farisî {{g|fa|شنا}} (şina), avestayî ''sna-'', sanskrîtî ''sna-'', bengalî [[সাঁতার]] (sāṁtār), îrlendî [[snámh]], skotî [[snámh]], îrlendiya kevn [[snáïd]]... ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[sneh₂-]] ku herwiha serekaniya navê peyva {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[néh₂us]] ([[keştî]]) ye ku paşhatiyên wê di gelek zimanan de hene: latînî [[navis]], yûnaniya kevn [[ναῦς]] (naûs), sanskrîtî [[नौ]] (nau) û [[नाव]] (nāva), avestayî [[𐬥𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬰𐬀]] (nauuāza-: [[keştîvan]]), hexamenişî [[𐎴𐎠𐎺]] (nāva: keştî), pehlewî û partî ''n'w'z'' (nawaz: [[keştîvan]]), {{hv|ckb|ناوە}}, farisî {{g|fa|ناو}} (nav: [[belem]], [[keştî]]). Di bin tesîra [[etîmolojiya gelêrî]] de bûye [[avjenî]] ([[heçku]] ji &quot;av + jenîn&quot;ê be). Li gelek deveran cihê xwe daye [[melevanî]] yan [[sobanî]] yên esil-erebî.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: mele kirdin
* {{Z|zza}}: asnawe kerdene, asnaberî kerdene, azne kerdene, ajne kerdene

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schwimmen|nt}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|nutare|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|সাঁতোৰ}}, {{W-|as|সাঁতোৰা}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пла́ванне|nt}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|плуване|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|plavání|nt}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|游泳|tr=jau4 wing6}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|游泳|tr=yóuyǒng}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|游泳|tr=iû-éng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|svømning|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|سِبَاحَة|m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شنا|tr=šenâ}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|uinti}}, {{W+|fi|uiminen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|natation|m}}, {{W+|fr|nage|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zwemmen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שחיה|m|tr=s'chiyah}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|sund|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|swimming}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|nuoto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sund|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|水泳|tr=[[すいえい]], suiei|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|natació|m}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|wamp'uy}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|수영}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|пливање|nt}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|നീന്തൽ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|berenang}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|úszás}}
* {{Z|nay}}: {{W-|nay|wrukun}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|nagegie|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|svømming|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|symjing|m}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ପହଁରା}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|یوزمه|tr=yüzme}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|pływactwo|nt}}, {{W+|pl|pływanie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|natação|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|înot}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пла́вание|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|natación|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|simning|g}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yüzme}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|пла́вання|nt}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|bơi lội}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|naiviaedje|n}}, {{W-|wa|bagnaedje}}, {{W-|wa|nedjaedje}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|nofio}}
* {{Z|wrh}}: {{W-|wrh|bambinya}}

{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|swimming|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75975333}}</text>
      <sha1>mvf4jev827pjtsrfcb09uahdnjlysir</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>jivan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23222</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291126</id>
      <parentid>6283108</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291126</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3162" sha1="2zwsxaq4fl832zigyu8im3g5yzl4o6t" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ʒɪˈvɑːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-jivan.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|jivan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hevdîtin]]a [[plan]]kirî, [[çavpêketin]], [[rendevû]], [[gihiştin]] [[hev]] &lt;br&gt;([[nemaze]] [[hevdîtin]]a du [[evîndar]]an daku bizanin ka dê [[kêr]]î hev bên)
#: {{nm|ku|Min û yarê li nav gulistanê '''jivan''' e.|Min û wê niyet e ku li nav gulistanê hev bibînin.}}
# [[hevrikî]], [[berêkane]], [[pêşbazî]], [[rikeberî]], [[rikmane]]
#: {{nm|ku|Stranbêj kom bûne '''jivana''' stiranan daku bizanin ka kî ji hemûyan xweştir distire.}}
# [[asteng]], [[asêtî]], [[pirsgirêk]], [[arîşe]], [[zehmetî]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* ''- Ha pêncşembê nehatî ez '''jivanê''' te mam.''
* ''- Ki dizanît min û te '''jivane'''?''
* ''- Seyda. .. Çû gelek ma li '''jivanê''' te tu nehatî.''
*  ''Wî ya xo li ber venay û stêrka xo ya Lêginî û li '''jivane''' ku ew xo bilivlivînît da ku şirqênê jê bînît.''
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berî '''jivanî''' hişyar bûm. bi ciwantirîn cilkê min hey, min xwe xemiland û çûme derê|''[[w:Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr|Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr]]'', amedekar: [[w:XeIî1 Duhokî|Xelîl Duhokî]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ژڤان}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|jivan kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|jivankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jivankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|civan}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|ciwan
|şivan
}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|jivandin
|jivîn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|hevdîtina [[plan]]kirî}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|afspraak}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Treffen}}  (1), {{W|de|Rendezvous|n}}, {{W|de|Termin|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|aftale}}, {{W|da|rendezvous}}
* {{Z|ar}}:  {{W|ar|الموعد}}, {{W|ar|میقات}}, {{W|ar|المــــوبق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الوأي|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الوعد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|قرء|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|میغر|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|میقات|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|rendevuo}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|ástarfundur}}, {{W|fo|loynifundur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: (sovittu) [[tapaaminen]]
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|rendez-vous}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|ôfspraak}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|rendez-vous}} (1), {{W|nl|afspraak}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|appointment}}, {{W|en|date}}, {{W|en|rendez-vous}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|appuntamento}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|cita}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|randevú}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|avtale}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|deit}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|rendez-vous}} (1)
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|întrunire}}  (1), {{W|ro|întîlnire}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|schôǳka|f}}, {{W|sk|stretnutie|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|cita}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|rendevu}}, {{W|tr|buluşma}}, {{W|tr|randevu}}, {{W|tr|derinti|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|içtima|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|inikat|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|oturum|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|tekâsüf|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|toplama|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|toplantı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|cemi|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2zwsxaq4fl832zigyu8im3g5yzl4o6t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pist</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23241</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291127</id>
      <parentid>6285949</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291127</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1730" sha1="3pw0vazsx16u68qpjl8jdbcq4cn93cw" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|pîst|pişt}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[deng|Deng]]ê [[pirr]] [[nizm]] [[nemaze]] li ber [[guh]]ê kesekî daku ti kes din [[bîstin|nebîze]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|piste-pist|pistîn|pispis}}
#: {{nm|ku|Min ti tiştek ji '''piste-pista''' wan seh nekir.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pistandin
|pistandî
|piste-pist
|pister
|pistên
|pistîn
|pistîner
|pist-pist
}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Sêv û ruteb û enarê bistan&lt;/br&gt;Lêv û zeqen û enarê '''pistan'''&lt;/br&gt;Şimşad û çinar hemqedem bûn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Geflüster|n}}, {{W-|de|Flüstern|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|šeptání|n}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|sosin}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa||guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuiskaus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|chuchotement|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gefluister|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[whisper]] (the act of whispering)
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sussurro}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fısıldama}}, {{W+|tr|pest}}, {{W+|tr|pes|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|pist|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[deng|Deng]]ek e mirov yan [[heywan]] (bi taybetî [[pisîk]]) pê tên [[tirsandin]] daku [[qewirîn|biqewirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pist''', pişê, pist!}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# {{guherto|ku|pistok|w=parçeya cilan ya ber stuyan}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[pîst]]
#: {{mk|tr|Dans '''pisti'''.|Pîsta dansê.|rêz=1}}
# [[pist]]
#: {{mk|tr|Uçak '''pisti'''.|Pîsta balafirê.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>3pw0vazsx16u68qpjl8jdbcq4cn93cw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>start</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23444</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291128</id>
      <parentid>6098733</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291128</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1351" sha1="0j90g95lmrk5bhj7c2qtedrplhwblze" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Start}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|start|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[destpêk|Destpêk]] [[destpêkirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Starta civînê seet 9ê sibê bû.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=[Wezîrê werzişê û gêncan] Taha Berwarî start da festîvala gêncan|Netkurd.com, 8/2006}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|start kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|startkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|startkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|en|ku|start}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|start}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-start.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|En-uk-to start.ogg|dever=QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-start.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-start.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav|Deng|dever=Başûrê Îngilistanê, QY}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|en}}
# [[dest pê kirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[destpêk]], [[destpêkirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv}}
# {{g|ku|destpêk}}, {{g|ku|destpêkirin}}
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sv|destpêk}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[derketin]], [[start]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>0j90g95lmrk5bhj7c2qtedrplhwblze</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gêj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23468</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291129</id>
      <parentid>6096836</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291129</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4120" sha1="hrd75u35hw90s59193e6nnae4hv2on2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-gêj.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-gêj.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|gêj}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ne li ser [[hiş]]ên xwe, [[hayjixwene]], [[bêhiş]], [[bêhay]], [[bêaga]], &lt;br&gt;sergêj, [[sersam]], [[gêjo]], [[kerregêj]], [[seme]], [[sersom]], [[sersurman]], [[hêbetî]], [[mendehoş]], [[wale]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mirov bi tilyakê '''gêj''' dibe.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Nikarî xwe li ser lingan bigire, '''gêj''' bû û ket erdê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez têr nenivistime loma '''gêj''' im.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[sewsî]], [[mitrî]], [[mat]], [[tevizî]], [[şaşbûyî]], [[bûdele]], [[jihalçûyî]], [[dîn]], [[gêjok]], [[gêjoyî]], [[aqilsivik]], [[gêjik]], [[mest]], [[serxweş]], [[nelihev]], [[şaşmayî]]}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Feryad ji destê firqetê&lt;br /&gt;Sewda û sews û '''gêj''' kirim&lt;br /&gt;Pir her di dil xwînrêj kirim}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|gêç}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gêj bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gêj kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gêjbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gêjkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gêjbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gêjkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gêjahî
|gêjane
|gêjatî
|gêjayî
|gêlelok
|gêjelokî
|gêjî
|gêjîtî
|gêjtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[hevreh|Hevreha]] {{hv|ckb|گێژ}}, {{hv|zza|gej}}, {{hv|fa|گیج|tr=gîc}}, sogdî ''kyc /⁠kēč⁠/''. Peyv ji zimanên îranî ketiye hinek zimanên cîran jî, bo nimûne siryanî {{g|hy|գիժ|tr=giž}}, gurcî {{g|ka|გიჟი|tr=giži}} û aramiya nû {{g|arc|ܓܫ̰ܘܢܐ‎|tr=gežūnē}}.

{{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''geyz'''- (&quot;şaş bûn, şaşî kirin&quot;)
:{{pal}}: '''xngîc''' (&quot;şaş bûn&quot;)
:{{fa}}: '''gêc''' (&quot;gêj&quot;)
:{{kmr}}: '''gêj''' (&quot;gêj&quot;)
:{{ckb}}: '''gêj''' (&quot;gêj&quot;)
:({{zza}}: '''gej''' (&quot;gêj&quot;)
:{{bal}}:  '''gêz''' (&quot;gêj&quot;)
:{{tal}}:  '''gic''' (&quot;şaş&quot;)
:{{os}}:  '''gîzîn''' (&quot;şaş bûn&quot;)

&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Çavkanî:'''  [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.97]]&lt;/font&gt; | &lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;'''Pokorny:''' ''nîne'' &lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;font style=&quot;font-size:10px&quot;&gt;Agadarî: Ne ji rehekî proto-hindûewropî ye.&lt;/font&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|گێژ}}, {{W-|ckb|کاس}}, {{W-|ckb|وڕ}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|schwindelig}}, {{W-|de|schwindlig}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|замаян}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|မူး|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|mající závrať}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|暈|tr=wan4}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|暈|tr=yūn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|svimmel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|pusing}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|دَائِخ|n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گیج|tr=gij}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|huimata|lit=êj bûn}}, {{W-|fi|pyörryttää|lit=gêj bûn}}, {{W-|fi|pyöriä päässä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W-|fr|avoir la tête qui tourne}}, {{W-|fr|[[avoir]] [[le]] [[vertige]]}}, {{W-|fr|[[pris]] [[de]] [[vertige]]}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|draaierig}}, {{W+|nl|duizelig}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מסוחרר|n|tr=mesuchrár}}, {{W-|he|מסוחררת|m|tr=mesuchréret}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|gydy}}
* {{Z|en}}: (1) {{W+|en|dizzy}} (2) {{W+|en|fool}}, {{W+|en|dimwit}} 
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|meadhránach}}, {{W-|ga|míobhánach}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|[[avere]] [[le]] [[vertigini]]}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|vankaður}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|marejat}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|kepala pusing}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|svimmel}}, {{W-|nb|ør}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|dieslich}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|oszołomiony|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|tonto}}, {{W+|pt|zonzo}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|vrtjeti se u glavi}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|zawity}}, {{W-|dsb|zwity}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mareado}}, {{W+|es|vertiginoso}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|yr}}, {{W+|sv|snurrig}}, {{W+|sv|dimmig}}, {{W+|sv|omtöcknad}}, {{W+|sv|vimmelkantig}}, {{W+|sv|groggy}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|chwil}}, {{W-|cy|pensyfrdan}}, {{W+|cy|penysgafn}}, {{W-|cy|penfeddw}}

{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|dizzy|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=72753982}}</text>
      <sha1>hrd75u35hw90s59193e6nnae4hv2on2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vêca</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23537</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291130</id>
      <parentid>6245079</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291130</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1127" sha1="5ev62wcswfvqnj9mdy73h6188hgid9n" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[îcar|Îcar]], [[vêga]], [[ca]], [[madem]], [[madem ku]].
#: {{nm|ku|Kurdan biryara xwe daye ku Kurdistanek serbixwe ava bikin. '''Vêca''' dijmin bixwazin yan nexwazin, nikarim rê li ber kurdan bigirin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Wextê hindê hatiye ku '''vêca''' em jî azad û serfiraz û di aştiyê de weke miletên din yên cîhanê li ser axa welatê xwe bijîn.|{{Jêgirtin/Sidqî Hirorî/Kurê Zinarê Serbilind/1996}}}}
# [[îcar|Îcar]], [[vê]] [[car]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''vêca''' li gel we nayêm.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[vêcar]]
* [[wêle]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji [[vê]] + [[car]](ê).

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|dann}}, {{W-|de|dieses Mal}}, {{W+|de|diesmal}}, {{W+|de|vorläufig}}, {{W-|de|alsdenn|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|اینبار}}, {{W-|fa|این دفعه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|thereupon}}, {{W+|en|ergo}}, {{W+|en|accordingly|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|so that|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|madem}} (öyle), {{W+|tr|öyleyse}}, {{W+|tr|bu sefer}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5ev62wcswfvqnj9mdy73h6188hgid9n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>madem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23539</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291131</id>
      <parentid>6284285</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291131</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1269" sha1="43nkfbgg742o0fcpnht2bupp2f2to39" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[mafir]], [[hemin]], [[ji ber ku]], [[çinko]], [[çimkî]], [[wekî]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Madem''' ku tu nexweş î, xwe newestîne.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Madem''' ku kes azadiyê nade mirovî, divê mirov bi xwe wê bistîne.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|madam&lt;pos:2&gt;
|madamke
|madam ke
|madam kî
|madamkî
|madam ko
|madamko
|madam ku
|madamku
|madam kû
|madamkû
|mademke
|madem ke
|madem kî
|mademkî
|madem ko
|mademko
|madem ku
|mademku
|madem kû
|mademkû
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|gerçi
|herçend
|herçi
|mixabin
|tevî ku
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|da}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|koska}}, {{W|fi|kun kerran}}, {{W|fi|jos kerran}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|since}}, {{W|en|if}}, {{W|en|because}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|madem}}, {{W|tr|mademki}}, {{W|tr|değil mi}}, {{W|tr|madem ki|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|rm}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|rm}}
# {{g|ku|eynî}}, {{g|ku|heman}}
#* {{bênimûne|rm}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|rm|eynî}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|tr}}
# [[hemin]], [[mafir]], [[wekî]], [[madem#ku|madem]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>43nkfbgg742o0fcpnht2bupp2f2to39</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bazar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23671</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291132</id>
      <parentid>6242597</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:12:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291132</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4612" sha1="sb17814bni7y0hgzr74s9sl5zd7k6b4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|bazař}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bazar|mê}}
[[Wêne:Market of Bali ID.jpg|thumb|250px|Bazar]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{bilêv|r|req}}
# Cihê ku tişt lê tên [[kirîn]] û [[firotin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|firoşgeh}} 
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Tu sehergeh bi temaşa were '''bazarê''' hudûs&lt;br /&gt;Tu sehergeh bi temaşa were '''bazarê''' hudûs}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=دایکا وی گۆتێ وەرە دایۆ ئەزا ب تنێ مە دێ تشتا بۆ تە کرم... ھۆسا شێرزاد دگەل دایکا خۆ چۆ '''بازاری'''(...)|tr=Dayka wî gotê were dayo eza bi tinê me dê tişta bo te kirim... Hosa '''Şêrzad''' digel dayika xo ço bazarî(...)|sc=ku-Arab|sernav=Bêrîvan û Hîvî (Çîrokêt Zarokan)|nivîskar=Leylan Îsmeîl|weşanxane=Çapxana Xanî|cih=Dihok|sal=2012|r=29}}
# [[merkez|Merkez]]a [[bajar]]î yan [[gund]]î (ji ber ku cihê [[kirîn]] û [[firotin]]ê ye).
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Karê [[kirîn]] û [[firotin]]ê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|bazirganî|ticaret}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Hatin [[firotin]]a tiştan.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bazarê''' kitêbên kurdî qels e.|Kitêbên kurdî pir nayên firotin.}}
# [[pirsîn|Pirsîn]]a [[biha]]yê tiştekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Min kirasek bo jina xwe '''bazar''' kir, firoşkarî got bi 50 euroyan e.}}
# [[hewl|Hewl]]dan bo [[kêm]]kirina [[biha]]yê tiştekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''bazarê''' li gel te nakim. Çi qas dixwazî, ez ê bidim te.}}
# [[roj|Roj]]a [[yekşem]]ê.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بازاڕ}}
* {{ku-kr|базарʹ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bazarr}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|bajar}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bazirgan
|bazirganî
|bazar kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|bazarkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|bazarkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fa}}, hevreha {{cotreh|ku|bajar|nivîs=na}} ya esil-[[kurdî]]. Di kurdî de bi piranî &quot;j&quot; li cihê &quot;z&quot; ya farisî ye, wek [[jin]] bi kurdî û ''zen'' bi farisî. Bo hin peyvên din jî yên ji farisî, ku [[hevreh]]ên wan yên hinekî bi maneyeke cudatir di kurdî de hene, binere: [[peyam]] / [[peyv]], [[dilsoj]] / [[dilsoz]].

ji Sanskrit/ Farsiya kevn: Abâ, Sabha: kombûn, hatina cem hev
Farsiya Kevin: abâ-cari: cihê kombûnê
Parsî: va-câr: cihê kirrîn û firotinê
Farsî: bâzâr: bazar
bâzargân: bazirgan
pevguhertina dengên Z&gt;J. Di Kurdî de dibe &quot;J&quot;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Markt|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|tržiště}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|市场}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|marked}}, {{W+|da|markedsplads}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|pasar}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|سوق}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|turg}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بازار}}, {{W-|fa|یوم احد}}, {{W+|fa|دادوستد}}, {{W+|fa|تجارت}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|markkinat}}, {{W+|fi|tori}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|marché}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|mercado}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|markt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|market}}, {{W+|en|bargain}}, {{W+|en|dealing}}, {{W+|en|emporium}}, {{W+|en|market place}}, {{W+|en|trading}}, {{W+|en|wind storm}}, {{W+|en|rialto}}, {{W+|en|mart}}, {{W+|en|souk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|haggling|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|mercato}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|markaður}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|市場}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|시장}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|tirgus}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|turgus}}, {{W-|lt|prekyvietė}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|piac}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|markedsplass: torg}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|بازار}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|rynek}}, {{W+|pl|targ}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|piață}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|рынок}}, {{W+|ru|базар}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|trhovisko}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|trg}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mercado}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|torg}}, {{W+|sv|marknadsplats}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|basar}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|pazar}}, {{W+|tr|çarşı}}, {{W+|tr|pazar}}, {{W-|tr|alış veriş yeri}}, {{W+|tr|piyasa}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بازار}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ἀγορά}}, {{W-|grc|δεῖγμα}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αγορά}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=}}
# bazar, [[sûk]], [[firoşgeh]]
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# {{ckb-Arab|بازاڕ}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# {{mijar|az|dem}} {{g|ku|yekşem}}
#* {{bêmînak|az}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|yekşem}}

== {{ziman|crh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|crh}}
# {{mijar|crh|dem}} {{g|ku|yekşem}}
#* {{bêmînak|crh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|crh|yekşem}}</text>
      <sha1>sb17814bni7y0hgzr74s9sl5zd7k6b4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>beşer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23689</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291133</id>
      <parentid>6278292</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291133</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3319" sha1="8yaayz5qfqyw6ljmm3smkyczk8wiatt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|beşer|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[mahd]], [[rû]], [[serçav]], [[moral]], [[kêf]], [[coş]]
#: {{nm|ku|Kesekî '''beşer''' vekirî ye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê çendek bû '''beşera''' bavê min qet xweş nedibû, pirr melûl û xemgîn bû.|{{Jêgirtin/Frîda Hecî Cewarî/Bîranînên Min|r=40}}}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Weke 2 sal pêşda, Peter ji min re xeber da. Di nava ew qas salan de, ew tenê niha bi rastî bextewar bibû. Hela hê '''beşera''' wî jî xweş bû.|nivîskar=Kovara Birca Çavdêriyê, r. 15|sernav=Tenê Li Rûyê Mirovan Nenêre|url=https://www.jw.org/kmr-x-rd/kitebxane/kovar/birca-cavderiye-capa-lekoline-heziran-2017/tene-li-ruye-mirovan-nenere/|malper=jw.org|dîrok=2017}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gava qala Eyûbîyan, Merwanîyan, Medan û Kardoxîyan dikira, '''beşera''' wî vedibû û gula wî dipişkivîya.|Şakir EPOZDEMÎR: ''Pêşengekî Şareza û Nemir: FEHMÎ BÎLAL'', Kovara Bîr, Hj. 6, 2007, r.241}}
# [[bînahî]], [[ronahî|ronahiya]] [[çav]]an, [[hinêr]]a [[dîtin]]ê
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kêf û coş|1}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|mood}}, {{W+|en|humor}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|moral}},{{W+|tr|neşe}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|bînahî|2}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|beşer|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[mirov]], [[meriv]], [[insan]], [[ademîzad]], [[benîadem]],  &lt;br&gt;[[jin]] û [[zelam]] û [[keç]] û [[kurr]] û bûnewerên din yên bi du piyan dimeşin û dikarin biramin û biaxivin
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Edî çar pênc kamyon tijî leşker, hezar helîkopter û balafir jî bihatana hew ew '''beşer''' didîtin.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Pirr kesan dîtin [[keramet]] û [[eser]]&lt;br&gt;J' xwendina Mewlûda Sultanê '''beşer'''.|Mewlûda Mela Hisênê Bateyî}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|benderuh
|insan
|însan
|kes
|merdim
|mere
|meriv
|merov
|miro
|mirov
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|beşerî
|beşerîtî
|beşertî
|beşer kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|beşerkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|beşerkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|بشر|tr=beşer}}, [[hevreh]]a îbrî [[בשר]] (beşer), aramî [[ܒܣܪܐ]] (bişra), ugarîtî [[𐎁𐎒𐎗]] (bsr), akadî ''bişru''... ji [[proto-samî]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Mensch}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|انسان|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|بشر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بشر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|human}}, {{W+|en|human being}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|beşer}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-beşer.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[mirov]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[ademîzad]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# pêncepênc, pênco pênco
#: {{mk|tr|Elmaları onlara '''beşer beşer''' ver.|Sêvan pêncepênc bide wan.|rêz=1}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=}}
# beşer, [[însan]], [[merdim]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>8yaayz5qfqyw6ljmm3smkyczk8wiatt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fûrîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23861</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291134</id>
      <parentid>6281291</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291134</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1980" sha1="4i9abnlisy0mty9ughaz0ljvl3ch2zu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|fûrîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=fûr|borî=fûrî|borî2=fûriya}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# [[kel çûn]], [[xwêr]] bûn, [[xwêr da çûn]], [[xwêr hatin]], [[av]] bûn biliq [[biliq]] &lt;br /&gt;([[av]] yan [[şile]]yeke din) [[zêde]] [[kelîn]] û [[loma]] ji [[aman]]a ku tê de ye [[rijîn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Çaydank '''fûrî''' lê kesî hay jê nebû.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Wekî ku agirek wî '''bifûre''', li ser serê wan, di hundirê odeyê de bibe ewrekî efsûnbar.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=75}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...tiştekî  wek jixwerazîbûneke qayim jî, jê '''difûriya'''.|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=32}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فوورین}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|fîran
|fîrhan
|fîrhîn
|fîrihan
|fîrihîn
|fîriyan
|fîrîn
|fîryan
|fûran
|fûrhan
|fûrhîn
|fûrihan
|fûrihîn
|fûriyan
|fûryan
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|fûrandin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|fûriyayî
|fûrî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|entströmen}}, {{W|de|überfluten}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الفوران|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الفورة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بخار شدن}}, {{W|fa|سرریز شدن}}, {{W|fa|منفجر}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|spring tide}}, {{W|en|rankling}}, {{W|en|bubbling}}, to {{W|en|boil over}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|taşmak}}, {{W|tr|tebahhur etmek}}, {{W|tr|çağlamak}}, {{W|tr|kükremek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fûrîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|taşma}}, {{W|tr|tebahhur}}, {{W|tr|uçma}}, {{W|tr|taşkın}}, {{W|tr|kükreme}}, {{W|tr|çağlayış}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4i9abnlisy0mty9ughaz0ljvl3ch2zu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berpêş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23948</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291135</id>
      <parentid>6095614</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291135</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1267" sha1="lmnl97bhnkeyxp5f64mj65gtkypdbq4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/bɛɾˈpʰeːʃ/}}
* {{kîte|ku|ber|pêş}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berpêş}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[pêşkêş]], [[raber]], [[araste]], [[berçav]], [[diyar]], [[xwiya]], [[berdest]], &lt;br&gt;tişta/ê ku mirov [[karîn|dikare]] xwe [[gihandin|bigihîniyê]] yan [[dîtin|bibîne]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hikûmet dê îro bernameya xwe '''berpêş''' bike.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Li pêşangehê gelek wêneyên nirxbilind yên zarrotî û ciwaniya wê hatine '''berpêş'''kirin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ti hukmekî vê Danezanê nikare bê [[tefsîr]]kirin wekî ku tu maf dide dewletekê, komekê û kesekî ji bo kirina karekî an pêkanîna kirinekî ku rakirina maf û azadiyên ku tê de hatine '''berpêş'''kirin amanc bigire.|''Danezana Gerdûnî ya Mafên Mirovan'', benda 30, unchr.org, jêwergirtin 2006}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[hizûr]]}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berpêş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berpêş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berpêşbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berpêşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berpêşbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berpêşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berpêşî
|berpêşker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|ber-|pêş}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sunu}}, {{W+|tr|takdim}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lmnl97bhnkeyxp5f64mj65gtkypdbq4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>helal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23960</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291136</id>
      <parentid>6249584</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291136</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2394" sha1="k9b51vbugnz196uefnvep6u37styg1t" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# ne [[heram]], ne [[qedexe]], [[serbest]], &lt;br&gt; (li gor [[îslam]]ê) tiştê ku mirovan [[destûr]] bikin, tiştê ku [[dirist]] e bê [[kirin]] yan [[xwarin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Li gor îslamê xwarina goştê mirar ne '''helal''' e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Li gor hin alimên îslamê temaşekirina televizyonê '''helal''' e lê li gor hinan na.}}
# [[hur]], [[heq]], [[heqîqî]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gelo Saşaê min zane, wekî kû diya wî ya '''helal''' heye, an jî dibe kû we jê re qet tu tişt negotiye, ew hew zane?|''[[w:Dê û Dêmarî|Dê û Dêmarî]]'', [[w:Egîdê Xudo|Egîdê Xudo]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ger ne seyqel dit bi nûra 'işqê wek hekkak-i rûh&lt;/br&gt;Dê bi vê endaz û terzê key dibit sihrê '''helal'''&lt;/br&gt;Ger ne balateb'-i bit wek pehlewan çalak-i rûh}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حه‌لال}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|fihêl&lt;pos:2&gt;
|ḧelal
}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|heram
|nehelal
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|mekrûh}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|helal bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|helal kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|helalbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|helalkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|helalbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|helalkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|helalî
|helalîtî
|helaltî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حلال|tr=ḥelal}}  ji rehê ''ḥ-l-l-'': [[destûr]] dan, [[izin]] dan, [[îcaze]] dan, [[ruxset]] dan; [[çareser]] kirin, [[hel]] kirin. Ji heman rehî: [[hel]] ([[çare]], [[çareserî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|erlaubt}}, {{W+|de|legitim}}, {{W+|de|rechtmäßig}}, {{W|de|zugelassen}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حلال|tr=ḥelal}}, {{W|ar|الطلق|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الطیب|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|مباح|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جایز}}, {{W+|fa|حلال}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|halal}}, [[sallittu]] (islamin mukaan)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|halal}}, [[allowed]] (according to Islam), {{W+|en|kosher}}, {{W|en|lavender|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|ritually clean}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|helal}}, {{W+|tr|öz}}, {{W+|tr|öz be öz}}, {{W+|tr|mısmıl|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|helâllik|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|tr}}
# {{g|ku|helal}}
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>k9b51vbugnz196uefnvep6u37styg1t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rêûresm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23972</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291137</id>
      <parentid>6249021</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291137</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1689" sha1="msbwgfpf9htx9e15cro67tkog22224w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rêûresm|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[civîn|Civîn]]eke [[resmî]] bo [[pîroz]]kirina yan [[bibîranîn]]a kesekî yan [[hedîse]]yekê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|dêlindêz|merasim|ayîn|resmiyet|seremonî|rîtual}}
#: {{nm|ku|Reîscimhûr di '''rêûresma''' [[mezûniyet]]a [[telebe]]yên unîversîteyê de hazir bû.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dawetên dotmîr û pismîran bi '''rêûresmên''' şikodar tên pîrozkirin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|rê-û-resm}}
* {{g|ku|rê û resm}}
* {{g|ku|rêwresm}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|rêûresmgêrr}}
* {{g|ku|rêûresmgêrrî}}
* {{g|ku|rêûresmî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Feierlichkeit|f}}, {{W+|de|Förmlichkeit}}, {{W+|de|Zeremonie|f}}, {{W-|de|Höflichkeitsgeste}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ceremoni}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ceremonio}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|راه و رسم}}, {{W+|fa|سنت}}, {{W+|fa|عرف}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|seremonia}}, {{W+|fi|juhlallisuus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cérémonie}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|seremoanje}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|seremoanje}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|ceremonie}}, {{W+|nl|plechtigheid}}, {{W+|nl|plichtplegingen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|proceedings}}, {{W+|en|ceremony}}, {{W+|en|custom|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|caeremonia}}, {{W+|la|caerimonia}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ceremónia}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|seremonia}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|cerimônia}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|ceremonia}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ceremoni}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tören}}, {{W+|tr|merasim}}, {{W-|tr|resmi geçit|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εθιμοτυπία}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>msbwgfpf9htx9e15cro67tkog22224w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>seyr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24055</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291138</id>
      <parentid>6287355</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291138</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2735" sha1="cjs63qit931o1x0zy2r3bcy20q03nll" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[ecêb|Ecêb]], [[sosret]], [[nedîtî]], [[mat]], [[xerîb]], ne [[edetî]], ne [[asayî]], ne [[normal]], ne [[adî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Bûyerek '''seyr''' û sosret qewimiye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Min xweşik nêrî. Min çi dît! Mirovekî biçûk, gelekî '''seyr''', li ber min bû û li min mêze dikir.|[[w:Mîrzayê Biçûk|Mîrzayê Biçûk]], [[w:Saint-Exupéry|Antoine de Saint-Exupéry]], werger: [[w:Fawaz Husên|Fawaz Husên]], Weşanên Nûdem}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Wajigûn dewrê numa min çerx û bayê lewleban&lt;/br&gt;Kewkeban '''seyra''' muxalif girt û têkil kir hisab&lt;/br&gt;Vêk ketin Şems û Zuhel îro di birca 'Eqrebê}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|seyir
|seyîr
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|seyrî
|seyrîtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|سیر|tr=seyr|w=[[nêrîn]], [[sêr kirin]]}}, hevreha [[sêr]]; bi maneya ku tiştê ku li xwe dide sêrkirin. Bide ber zazakî {{q|zza|temaşe}}, bi heman ramanê.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|seltsam}}, {{W+|de|außergewöhnlich}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|غريب}}, {{W-|ar|عجيب}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|غریب|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|مسافرت|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|astonishing}}, {{W+|en|strange}}, {{W+|en|queer}}, {{W+|en|amazing|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ooo|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|quaint|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|weird|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wonderous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|zany|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|bizarre|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|droll|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ecocentric|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|eerie|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|kink|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|outlandish|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|peculiar|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bir hoş}}, {{W+|tr|garip}}, {{W+|tr|tuhaf}}, {{W+|tr|yabansı}}, {{W+|tr|cins}}, {{W+|tr|garaip}}, {{W+|tr|garibe}}, {{W+|tr|korkunç}}, {{W+|tr|müthiş}}, {{W+|tr|temaşa}}, {{W+|tr|düşündürücü|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|gayri tabiî|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|ıbret|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
;seyr kirin
# [[gerîn|Gerîn]], [[hatin]] û [[çûn]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# Lê [[nerîn]], [[temaşe]] kirin, [[çav]]ên xwe lê [[gerandin]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|seyr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|seyr bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|seyrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|seyrbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|seyrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|seyirandin
|seyirandî
|seyirîner
|seyrker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|anomal}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|uncanny|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|unco|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>cjs63qit931o1x0zy2r3bcy20q03nll</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rûqayim</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24161</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291139</id>
      <parentid>6243093</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291139</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2184" sha1="9kf6hn4fytsydfz3jz3quy2b1ehn91v" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|rûqayim}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bêşerm|Bêşerm]], [[bêfedî]], [[bêfihêt]], [[zirrşerm]], [[şermneker]], [[rûmelext]], [[rûhişk]], [[rûşûştî]], [[rûçelaq]], [[bêar]], [[nixay]],&lt;br/&gt; [[kes]]a/ê ku [[qet]] ji xwe [[şerm]] nake.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew kesek '''rûqayim''' e, evca mayê xwe tê neke.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rîqahîm
|rîqaîm
|rîqayim
|rîqayîm
|rûqahîm
|rûqaîm
|rûqayîm
|rwîqahîm
|rwîqaîm
|rwîqayim
|rwîqayîm
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|rû|qayim}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rûqayimî
|rûqayimîtî
|rûqayimtî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}} : {{W-|fa|بی حیا}}, {{W-|fa|بی شرم}}, {{W+|fa|گستاخ}}, {{W+|fa|جسور}}, {{W+|fa|منزوی}}, {{W-|fa|بی-حیا}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الوقح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|ماجن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|dreist|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}} : {{W+|fi|julkea}}, {{W+|fi|hävytön}}
* {{Z|fr}} : {{W-|fr|impudent#French}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|brazen-faced}}, {{W+|en|impudent}}, {{W+|en|impertinent}}, {{W+|en|shameless}}, {{W+|en|bold-faced}}, {{W+|en|reproach}}, {{W+|en|sassy}}, {{W+|en|unashamed}}, {{W+|en|unblushing}}, {{W+|en|bold}}, {{W+|en|impolite}}, {{W+|en|smalt}}, {{W+|en|barefaced|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|bare-faced|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|boldfaced|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|brash|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|brass-bound|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|brassy|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|brazen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|flippant|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|imprudent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|incult|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|indelicate|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|lippy|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|presuming|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ja}} : [[厚かましい]]（あつかましい, {{W-|ja|atsukamashii}}
* {{Z|ca}} : {{W-|ca|descarat}}
* {{Z|ru}} : {{W+|ru|бесстыдный}} (besstydnyj), {{W+|ru|наглый}} (naglyj), {{W+|ru|резкий}} (rezkij), {{W+|ru|нахальный}} (nahal'nyj)
* {{Z|es}} : {{W-|es|sinvegüenza}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|utanmaz}}, {{W+|tr|yüzsüz}}, {{W-|tr|surat davul derisi|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9kf6hn4fytsydfz3jz3quy2b1ehn91v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cirm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24178</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291140</id>
      <parentid>6243119</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291140</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2152" sha1="02w7jxkmqcp9mjee6hrz63gge1uf9px" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* * {{IPA|ku|/d͡ʒɪɾm/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|cirm|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[tawan]], [[sûç]], [[binas]], [[guneh]], &lt;br&gt; [[kiriyar]]a kesek dike ku ya [[xelet]] û [[dijî]] [[qanûn]]ê be
#: {{nm|ku|Her kesê '''cirm'''ek bike, wê sizayê xwe werbigire.}}
# [[cerîme]], [[ceza]], [[siza]], [[qerebû]], &lt;br&gt; [[dirav]]ê ku [[divê]] kesa/ê [[tawanbar]] bide [[li şûna]] [[tawan]]ek an jî [[xeletî|xeletiyek]]
#: {{nm|ku|Demê wî pencera tirimpêla min şkandî, nêzî 100$ weke '''cirm''' dan min.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|جرم}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|cirim
|curim
|curum
|cirmkar
}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|tezmînat}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|temînat}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|cirm dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cirm kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cirm bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cirmdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|cirmkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|cirmbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|cirmdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|cirmkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|cirmî
|cirmker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|boete}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Geldstrafe|f}}, {{W+|de|Sühne|f}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|bøde}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|monpuno}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جرم}}, {{W+|fa|جریمه}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|peningabót}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sakko}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|amende}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|jildboete}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|boete}}, {{W+|nl|geldboete}}, {{W+|nl|bekeuring}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|crime}}, {{W+|en|felony}}, {{W+|en|delict}}, (2) {{W+|en|fine}} (punishment fee), {{W+|en|recoupment}}, {{W+|en|compensation}}, {{W+|en|mulct|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|contravvenzione}}, {{W+|it|multa}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|multa}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|pénzbírság}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|mulkt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|multa}}, {{W-|pt|dinheiro da multa}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|butu}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|multa}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|böter}}, {{W+|sv|dagsböter}}, {{W+|sv|plikt}}, {{W+|sv|straffavgift}}, {{W+|sv|vite}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tazminat}}, {{W+|tr|cürüm}}, {{W+|tr|cereme}}, {{W+|tr|cerime}}, {{W+|tr|ödeme}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>02w7jxkmqcp9mjee6hrz63gge1uf9px</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>temînat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24189</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291141</id>
      <parentid>6262586</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291141</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2846" sha1="mcco87q51xof2gocuqio1fba83zr3kx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|temînat|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[peyman|Peyman]] di [[navber]]a du kesan de ku [[ziyan]] [[gihiştin|gihişt]] [[mal]]ê yekî yê din dê [[tezmînat]]ê bidiyê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|bîm|sîgorta|misogerî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Temînata tirimpêla min 200 euro ye.|Ez her sal 200 euroyan didim [[şirket]]ekê lê eger erebeya min [[ziyan]]dar bû, şirket dê bihayê tirimpêla min bide min.}}
# [[soz|Soz]]a ku eger tiştê hatiye [[firotin]] [[xirab]] bibe dê alî [[firoşkar]]ê wî ve bêt [[tezmînat]]kirin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|garantî}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[piştrastî|Piştrastî]], [[misogerî]], [[ewlehî]], [[ewlekarî]], [[tenahî]], [[temîn]]bûn yan [[temîn]]kirin.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|teimînat}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|temînat kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|temînat dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|temînatkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|temînatdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|temînatkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêtemînat
|bitemînat
|temînatdar
|temînatdarî
|temînatder
|temînatderî
|temînatî
|temînatkar
|temînatkarî
|temînatker
|temînatkerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}, têkildarî [[temîn]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|versekering}}, {{W-|af|assuransie}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Versicherung|f}}, {{W+|de|Pfand|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осигуряване}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|pojištìní}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|保险}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|forsikring}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|asuransi}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|‏تأمين}}, {{W+|ar|تأمين|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|asekuro}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[بیمه]] (bîme), {{W+|fa|تضمین}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vakuutus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|assurance}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|fersekering}}, {{W-|fy|assurânsje}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verzekering}}, {{W+|nl|assurantie}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אחריות}}, {{W+|he|בטוח}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|insurance}}, [[indemnity]]; [[guarantee]]
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|árachas}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|assicurazione}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|保険}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|보험}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|biztosítás}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|forsikring}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|gwarancja}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|seguro}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|asigurare}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|страховка}}, {{W+|ru|страховой}}, {{W+|ru|страхование}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|àrachas}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|seguro}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|försäkring|m}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|segúro}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sigorta}}, {{W+|tr|güvence}}, {{W+|tr|teminat}}, {{W+|tr|garanti}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|strahowanie}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|страхування}}, {{W-|uk|страховий}}, {{W+|uk|гарантія}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ασφάλιση}}, {{W+|el|ασφάλεια}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>mcco87q51xof2gocuqio1fba83zr3kx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>jêk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24214</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291142</id>
      <parentid>6097109</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291142</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1170" sha1="izk4natllrjgpzh9fqw5fqgdlltswnv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|ku}}
# ji [[hev]], [[jev]]
#: {{nm|ku|Em '''jêk''' sil bûn.|Em ji hev xeyidîn.|rêz=1}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[jev]]}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Dil şubhetê ayîne bit&lt;/br&gt;'işq û cemal '''jêk''' zêde bit&lt;/br&gt;Xal eswed û dêm qible bit}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ژێک}} 

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|lêk
|pêk
|têk
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[ji]] + [[yek]] (2)

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|jêk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|jêk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|jêk çûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|jêk birin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|jêkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jêkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jêkbirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jêkçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|jêkbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|jêkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|jêkra
|jêk re
|jêk va
|jêkva
|jêk ve
|jêkve
|jêkve kirin
|jêkvekirin
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|من بعض}}, {{W|ar|بعضهم البعض}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|از همدیگر}}, {{W+|fa|از یکدیگر}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|from each other}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|birbirinden}}, {{W+|tr|benzer}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>izk4natllrjgpzh9fqw5fqgdlltswnv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lêk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24215</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291143</id>
      <parentid>6097360</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291143</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1097" sha1="cags5bklynmrsi0oejga64yx64jolal" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|ku}}
# li [[hev]], [[lev]]
#: {{nm|ku|Lêk ve kirin.|li hev parve kirin, [[dabeş]] kirin|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Nêrgizên sergiran hilîn carek&lt;/br&gt;Du qiran '''lêk''' beraber ke&lt;/br&gt;Tu bimeş kok bi ser derê qesrê}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|jêk
|pêk
|têk
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[li]] + [[yek]] (2)

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|lêk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lêk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lêk anîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lêk dan
|lêkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lêkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lêkdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lêkanîn
|lêkketin
|lêkçûn
|lêkbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lêkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lêkdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lêkketî
|lêk anîn
|lêkanîn
|lêk dan
|lêkdan
|lêkdayî
|lêk hatin
|lêkhatin
|lêk kirin
|lêkkirin
|lêkra
|lêk re
|lêk va
|lêkva
|lêk ve
|lêkve
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|appendage}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ek}}, {{W+|tr|ilâve}}, {{W|tr|birbiri|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>cags5bklynmrsi0oejga64yx64jolal</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ecebe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24232</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291144</id>
      <parentid>6280599</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291144</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="762" sha1="gj1g4etr9zoetppqb5krap96vtvqv7b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-ecebe.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[gelo]], [[aya]], [[ma]], [[erê]], &lt;br&gt;[[peyvik]]a [[pirsîn]]ê ye
#: {{nm|ku|'''Ecebe''' ew niha li kû ye?}}
#: {{nm|ku|Dixwazim bizanim, '''ecebe''' tu dê kengî li malê bî.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|acaba
|acabe
|aceba
|acebe
|acêba
|acêbe
|'acaba
|'acabe
|'aceba
|'acebe
|'acêba
|'acêbe
|ecaba
|ecabe
|eceba
|ecêba
|ecêbe
|'eceba
|'ecebe
|'ecêba
|'ecêbe
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|ecêb}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|آیا}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|acep}}, {{W|tr|ola}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gj1g4etr9zoetppqb5krap96vtvqv7b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rezerve kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24452</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291145</id>
      <parentid>6098341</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291145</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1240" sha1="f7bp3vhagq7ir5b9kk1yge29853rlt0" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|rezervekirin}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|rezerve kirin|form=gerguhêz|niha=k|borî=kir|pêşgir=rezerve|valahî=erê}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh}}
# [[cih|Cih]]ek bo [[dem]]ek [[diyar]] bo [[bikaranîn]]a xwe [[girtin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Min odeyek bo sê şevan ji otêlê '''rezerve''' kiriye.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|rezerve|kirin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|bespreek}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Reserve|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|rezervi}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|leggja burturav}}, {{W-|fo|skila til}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|varata}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|réserver}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|openhouden}}, {{W+|nl|reserveren}}, {{W+|nl|vrijhouden}}, {{W+|nl|bespreken}}, {{W+|nl|boeken}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אצל|m}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|rezervar}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|book}}, {{W+|en|reserve}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|riservare}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|reservar}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|rezerwować}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|reservar}}, {{W+|pt|guardar}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|reservar}}, {{W+|es|conservar}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|[[rezerve]] [[ettirmek]]}}, {{W|tr|[[rezervasyon]] [[yaptırmak]]}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αγκαζάρω}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>f7bp3vhagq7ir5b9kk1yge29853rlt0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lînç</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24461</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291146</id>
      <parentid>6097365</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291146</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="892" sha1="8n72l2pyp6uzito2y18rm5753bkhqfu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|lînç|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kuştin]]a kesekî yan çend kesan ji alî [[kom]]ek mirovan ve (bêyî [[biryar]]a [[dadgeh]]ê)
#: {{nm|ku|Komek ji zêdeyî sed kesan êriş kir ser du zarrokan û ew '''lînç''' kirin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Piştî binçavkirin[a kurdan ji alî polîsan ve] îjar jî nêzî 2000 tirk li ber qereqolê kom bûn û ji polîsan daxwaz kirin ku kurdan teslîmî wan bikin da wan '''lînç''' bikin.|Netkurd.com, 9/2006}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|lînçane
|lînçî
|lînçker
|lînç kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lînçkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lînçkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|en|ku|lynch}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|lynchage|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|lynching}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|linç}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8n72l2pyp6uzito2y18rm5753bkhqfu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kelem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24768</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291147</id>
      <parentid>6283341</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291147</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2897" sha1="6xzhodtp82zg8xc4g7tjeszykbuhpye" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
* {{beş|Navdêr 1}} {{mj|dar}} {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-kelem(strî).wav|Deng|Qers}}
* {{beş|Navdêr 3}} {{mj|riwekek gir û girrovir}} {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-kelem(cabbage(en)).wav|Deng|Qers}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kelem|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[darik]]ên [[tûj]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[darik]]ên bi [[dîwar]]an ve daku mirov [[cil]]ên xwe pê ve [[hilawîstin|bihilawîse]] anku [[daliqandin|daliqîne]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[strî]], [[dirî]], [[devî]], [[dinî]], [[sixî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Pêşmerge '''kelemên''' çavên dijminan in.|djiminan [[kor]] yan [[bêzar]] dikin|rêz=1}}
# [[asteng]], tiştên ku di [[rê]] de hene û [[hêlan|nahêlin]] ku [[pirsgirêk]]ek bi [[hêsan]]î [[çareser]] bibe
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek '''kelem''' di rêya me de hene.}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|nize
|strî
|sîx
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kelem bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kelem kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kelembûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kelemkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kelembûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kelemkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|kelemî}}
* {{g|ku|qelem}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|strî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Weißkraut}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|عكاز}}, {{W|ar|عصا}}, {{W|ar|ملفوف}}, {{W|ar|شوك}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|خار}}, {{W+|fa|خاشاک}}, {{W+|fa|کلم}}, {{W+|fa|کلم}}, {{W+|fa|خاشاک}}, {{W+|fa|کلم پیچ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|stick}}, {{W|en|cabbage}}{{W+|en|drag out}}, {{W+|en|thorn}}, {{W+|en|spicule|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|thornbush|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|thorn-bush|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çıkıntı}}, {{W+|tr|çaltı}}, {{W+|tr|diken}}, {{W+|tr|lahana}}, {{W+|tr|mani}}, {{W+|tr|meşe ormanı}}, {{W+|tr|meşelik}}, {{W+|tr|orman}}, {{W+|tr|kazık|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|dürme|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Di [[darik]]ên [[rippîrast]] de ciyê daye der, ciyê nepixandî ku bi mecazî ji bo astengiyan jî dihê bikaranîn.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kelemên''' darê cilên min çirand.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kelem''' di çavê min rabû.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rêya me rêyek tije '''kelem''' e.}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|kelemkotî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{guharto|ku|kelemî|w=riwekek gir û girrovir}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# {{mijar|tr|riwek}} {{g|ku|kelemî}}, {{g|ku|lehane}} (''Brassica oleracea'', cûrê ''capitata'')
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tr|kelemî}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{mijar|tk|riwek}} {{g|ku|kelemî}}, {{g|ku|lehane}} (''Brassica oleracea'', cûrê ''capitata'')
#* {{bênimûne|tk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|kelemî}}</text>
      <sha1>6xzhodtp82zg8xc4g7tjeszykbuhpye</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bext</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24783</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291148</id>
      <parentid>6231804</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291148</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5826" sha1="dwfobacuinq9r9kutozdvuy5ajhu0q2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-bext.wav|Deng|dever=Bidlîs}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bext|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[çarenivîs|Çarenivîs]], [[rojgar]], [[şans]], [[nesîb]], [[qismet]], [[siûd]], [[talih]], [[qeder]], [[felek]].
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin='''Bext'''ê te [[hez kirin|hiz kim]] Nezerê Mêrxas, bir qareqar tê dibîne hespeke zîn kirî orta rê sekinîye bona wî.|nivîskar=Têmûrê Xelîl Mûradov|sernav=Nezerê Mêrxas|sal=1937|rûpel=}}
#* {{nm|ku|'''Bext'''ê wan reş e.|Ew bêşans in.|rêz=1}}
# [[wijdan|Wijdan]], [[zemîr]], [[hest]]a [[qencî]] û [[xirabî|xirabiyan]],&lt;br&gt;[[dilovanî]], [[rehm]], [[dilsojî]].
#* {{nm|ku|Ez xwe diavêjim ber '''bext'''ê we..|Ez ji we [[tika]] / [[rica]] dikim.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Zehre û 'iqda Sureyya keşşifî bûn ew di şerq&lt;br /&gt;Sayeya '''bext'''ê me dayê ma li ser perde w niqab&lt;br /&gt;Wajigûn dewrê numa min çerx û bayê lewleban}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din====
* {{ku-ar|به‌خت}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|next
|rext
|sext
|text
|wext
|zext
|cext
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bextbireş
|bextbireşî
|bextçak
|bextçakî
|bextçê
|bextçêyî
|bextewar
|bextewarî
|bextewer
|bextewerî
|bextfire
|bextfireyî
|bextiyar
|bextiyarî
|bextparêz
|bextparêzî
|bextreş
|bextreşî
|bextxweş
|bextxweşî
|bextyar
|bextyarî
|bêbext
|bêbextî
|bibext
|bextdar
|bextdarî
|xweşbext
|xweşbextane
|bext kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bext dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bextkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bextdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha farisî {{g|fa|بخت}} (bext), pehlewî ''bext'', avestayî ''bexte'', sanskrîtî [[भक्ति]] (bhaktí: [[par]], [[behr]], [[beş]], [[pişk]]) û [[भक्त]] (bhaktá: [[parve]]kirî, [[dabeş]]kirî) ji ''bej'' ([[parve]] kirin), [[hevreh]]a [[√bhaj]] ([[belav]] kirin) sanskrîtî, hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*bʰeh₂g-}} yan *[[bʰag-]] ([[belav]] kirin, [[parve]] kirin) ku herwiha serekaniya [[beş]] (1. [[par]], [[pişk]], [[behr]] 2. [[vekirî]], jêkvekirî, jevvekirî), [[pişk]] û [[bac]] yên kurdî ye. [[բախտ]] (bext) ya ermenî ji zimanekî îranî hatiye deynkirin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|[[çarenivîs]], [[rojgar]], [[şans]], [[nesîb]], [[qismet]], [[siûd]], [[talih]], [[qeder]], [[felek]]}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|lot}}, {{W-|af|rykdom}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Fügung|f}}, {{W+|de|Geschick|n}}, {{W+|de|Los|n}}, {{W+|de|Schicksal|n}}, {{W+|de|Verhängnis|n}}, {{W+|de|Reichtum|m}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|fortuno}}, {{W+|eo|sorto}}, {{W-|eo|riĉaĵo}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|lagna}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|onni}}, {{W+|fi|osa}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|fertún}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|fertún}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|beartas}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|geluk}}, {{W+|nl|fortuin}}, {{W+|nl|fortuinlijkheid}}, {{W+|nl|lot}}, {{W+|nl|levenslot}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|כבוד|cuda=כָּבוד}}, {{W+|he|גד|cuda=גַּד}}, {{W+|he|חיל|cuda=חַיִל}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fortune}}, {{W+|en|luck}}, {{W+|en|destiny}}, {{W+|en|fate}}, {{W+|en|wealth}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|fortuna}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|sort}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|fortuna}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|fortuna}}, {{W-|pap|destino}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|acaso}}, {{W+|pt|felicidade}}, {{W+|pt|sorte}}, {{W+|pt|destino}}, {{W+|pt|sina}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|buena suerte}}, {{W+|es|suerte}}, {{W+|es|destino}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|baht}}, {{W+|tr|kısmet}}, {{W+|tr|nasip}}, {{W+|tr|kut}}, {{W+|tr|kredi}}, {{W+|tr|şans}}, {{W+|tr|talih}}, {{W+|tr|sur}}, {{W+|tr|kader}}, {{W+|tr|alın yazısı}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|wijdan, zemîr, dilovanî, dilsojî, rehim}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|gewete}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ehre|f}}, {{W+|de|Gewissen|n}}
* {{Z|ae}}: {{W-|ae|anghuyat}}, {{W-|ae|daenyå}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|съвест}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|svìdomí}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[良心]] (liáng xīn)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|samvittighed}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|suara hati}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[وجدان]] (wucdan), [[ضمير]] (zhemîr), {{W-|ar|الإقبال|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|البداد|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الحظ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الطالع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الفوق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|konscienco}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[وجدان]] (vocdan), [[ضمير]] (zemîr), {{W+|fa|اقبال}}, {{W+|fa|بخت}}, {{W+|fa|شانس}}, {{W+|fa|فلک}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|samvitska}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|omatunto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|conscience}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|geweten}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ingehygd}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|conscience}}, [[moral]] [[sense]]
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|coscienza}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|良心}}, {{W+|ja|善心}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|양심}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|conscientia}}
* {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|samvittighet}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|양심}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|consciência}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cuget}}, {{W-|ro|conştiinţã}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|совесть}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|coinnseas}}, {{W-|sco|cogais}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|vest|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|conciencia}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|samvete}}
* {{Z|th}}: [[หลุยพ้นจากความผิย]] ([[เกี่ยวกับบางคนหรือบางสิ่ง]])
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|vicdan}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|wyjdan}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|сумління}}, {{W+|uk|свідомість}}, {{W+|uk|совість}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|συνείδηση}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# [[bext]], [[talih]], [[bawerî]], [[şans]];
#: {{mk|zza|'''Bextê''' maye, cêzê keyna yo.|Bextê dê, cihêzê qîzê.|ref=&lt;ref&gt;http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;|rêz=1}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>dwfobacuinq9r9kutozdvuy5ajhu0q2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qismet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24795</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291149</id>
      <parentid>6124493</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291149</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2607" sha1="g5kcama7gdw0rqw8fch9c1mpigyt0h9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|qismet|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nesîb|Nesîb]], [[siûd]], [[talih]], [[bext]], [[qeder]], [[çarenivîs]], [[şans]], [[felek]], [[enînivîs]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Qismetê''' me çi be, em ê pê razî bin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ev '''qismeta''' çiyayê Agirî ye. Ew ên ku beg in, çawa dikarin û çawa zimanê wan digere hespê me bixwazin?|''[[w:Çiyayê Agirî|Çiyayê Agirî]]'', [[w:Yaşar Kemal|Yaşar Kemal]], Weşanxana [[w:Çanda Kurdî|Çanda Kurdî]]}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[rojgar]], [[enînivîs]]}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|قسمة|tr=qisme&lt;sup&gt;t&lt;/sup&gt;}}, [[hevreh]]a (qism: [[pişk]], [[beş]], [[par]], [[behr]] ji rehê {{g|ar|قسم}} (q-s-m: parve kirin, belav kirin, dabeş kirin. Ji eynî rehî: [[Qasim]], [[qesem]].

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qismet bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qismet kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qismetbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qismetkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qismetbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qismetkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qismetî
|qismetperist
|qismetperistî
}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ewwel ko yarê da me yek zerreyek 'inayet&lt;/br&gt;Qismet me xemr û cam e di deftera hidayet&lt;/br&gt;Husn û cemala canan nadêritin tu payan}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schicksal|n}}, {{W+|de|Vorherbestimmung|f}}, {{W-|de|göttliche Vorsehung}}, {{W+|de|Dusel|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Kismet|nt}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|skæbne|c}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|‏مصير}}, {{W-|ar|نصيب}}, {{W+|ar|قدر}}, {{W-|ar|قسمة}}, {{W-|ar|مصير|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|saatus}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نصیب}}, {{W+|fa|قسمت}}, {{W+|fa|تقدیر}}, {{W+|fa|سرنوشت}}, {{W+|fa|بهر}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kohtalo}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|destin|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lot|n}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|wyrd}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|destiny}}, {{W+|en|fate}}, {{W+|en|lot}}, {{W+|en|fortune}}, {{W+|en|luck}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|destino}}, {{W+|it|sorte}}, {{W+|it|fato}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[運命]]、[[宿命]]
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|destí}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|végzet}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|skjebne|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fado|m}}, {{W+|pt|destino|m}}, {{W+|pt|sorte|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|судьба|f}}, {{W+|ru|участь|f}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|usoda|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|destino#Spanish|m}}, {{W+|es|azar|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|öde}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alın yazısı}}, {{W+|tr|mukadderat}}, {{W+|tr|nasip}}, {{W+|tr|kısmet}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μοίρα|f}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g5kcama7gdw0rqw8fch9c1mpigyt0h9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>axtapot</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24806</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291150</id>
      <parentid>6277186</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291150</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2143" sha1="8tltqe9fzc9umys64caqq3a6hz9tlao" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Octopus vulgaris 2.jpg|thumb|Axtapotek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# {{f|ku|heywan}} [[heywan|Heywan]]ek [[heşt]]-[[ling]] yê [[avî]] ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Û, tu dibêjî qey '''axtapoteke''' ku rengê hemû nijadan pê re, milên wî li her derê ne, xwe li me pêçaye, me ji rêya me derdixe, dike ku me ber bi wê avzelka tirsnak ve bikişîne.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
| ahtapot
| ahtepot
| axtepot
| oktapot
| oktepot
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|el|ku|ὀκτώποδες|w=[[heşt]]-[[ling]]î}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
| axtapotane
| axtapotî
| axtapotnas
| axtapotnasî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|agtarm}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Polyp|m}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|pulpo}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|olagarro}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W-|br|soavenn|m}}
* {{Z|ch}}: {{W-|ch|gamson}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|章鱼}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|blæksprutte|c}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|gurita}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[أخطبوط]] (uxtubût)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|polpo}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|høgguslokkur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mustekala}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|pieuvre|f}}, {{W+|fr|poulpe|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|polbo|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|octopus}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|תמנון}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|octopus}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|polpo|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|蛸|tr=たこ, tako}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|polp|m}}, {{W+|ca|pop}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|낙지}} (nag.ji)
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|collel-lésa}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|aštuonkojai}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|polip}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|pofre}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|асткъахыг}} (astkʺahyg)
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|polvo|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|oktopod|f}}; {{W+|sh|hobotnica}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|октопод}} (oktopod); {{W-|sh|хоботница}} (hobotnica)
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|pulpo|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bläckfisk}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|pugíta}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|ஒக்டோபஸ்}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ahtapot}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|kurita}}, {{W-|tpi|urita}})
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|feke}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|mực}} {{W+|vi|phủ}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8tltqe9fzc9umys64caqq3a6hz9tlao</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>resen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24939</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291151</id>
      <parentid>6286771</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291151</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2628" sha1="4eekyjfpwnoyduxyz0n4kr33a1oz7p1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|resen}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ne [[sexte]], ne [[jibergirtî]], ne [[kopî]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|orijînal|heqîqî|eslî|jixweber}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[xwerû|Xwerû]], [[pak]], ne [[têkil]], ne [[tevlihev]].
#: {{nm|ku|Kurdiya '''resen'''.|kurdiya ku peyvên biyanî di nav de nînin|rêz=1}}
# [[tavilê|Tavilê]], [[di gavê da]], [[di cih de]], [[zû]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|resenbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|resenî
|resenîtî
|resentî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|orijînal, eslî, heqîqî}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|oorspronklik}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|origjinal}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ursprünglich}}, {{W+|de|authentisch}}, {{W+|de|unverfälscht}}, {{W-|de|أصيل}}, {{W+|de|echt}}, {{W+|de|genuin|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|оригинален}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|originální}}, {{W+|cs|originál}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|原始}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|asli}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|‏أصلي|tr=eslî}}, {{W-|ar|أصيل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|أصیل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|حقیقي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|originala}}, {{W-|eo|origina}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اصلی|tr=eslî}}, {{W+|fa|اصیل}}, {{W+|fa|اصیل}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|alkuperäinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|original}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|origineel}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|original}}, {{W+|en|authentic}}, {{W+|en|genuine}}, {{W+|en|unadorned}}, {{W+|en|aboriginal}}, {{W+|en|Aboriginal}}, {{W+|en|thoroughbred|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|well-connected|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pedigree|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|deep-rooted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pristine|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pukka|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|rooted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sure enough|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sure-enough|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|trueborn|guman=erê}}, (3) {{W+|en|immediately}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|originale}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|元の|tr=[[はじめの]] [[hajime no]]}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|original}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|원래|tr=wollae}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|original}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|original}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|оригинал}}, [[первоначально]] (pervonaçal'no)
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|original}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|orijinal}}, {{W+|tr|asıl}}, {{W+|tr|kökenli}}, {{W+|tr|asil}}, {{W+|tr|duru}}, {{W+|tr|kerim}}, {{W+|tr|özgün}}, {{W+|tr|duruluk}}, {{W+|tr|köklü|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kökten sürme|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|tr}}
# bi serê xwe, [[jixweber]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[serbixwe]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>4eekyjfpwnoyduxyz0n4kr33a1oz7p1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>por</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25275</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291152</id>
      <parentid>6237334</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291152</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16289" sha1="6tft4tz53fkpodbshd8zy2pvu3j23hz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/pʰoːr/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-por.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|por|mê}}
{{ku-tewîn-nav|por|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 072.jpg|thumb|Keçek '''pora''' xwe [[şe]] dike.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m/n}}, {{p-ya req}}, {{r-ya req}}
# [[mû|Mû]]yên bi [[ser]]ê [[mirov]]an ve.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pora''' dirêj û delal.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Porê''' reş, '''porê''' sor, '''porê''' zer, '''porê''' spî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Por''' şe kirin, '''por''' şane kirin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Por''' kurr kirin.|kurt kirin|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Por''' tiraşîn.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Por''' weşîn / werîn.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Por''' dirêj bûn, '''por''' hatin.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پۆڕ}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|sernav=Awayên por ji bo mêr
|efserî
| gurî
| keçel
| pehn
| por dirêj
| alabros
| şût
| resta
}}

{{kol3|ku|sernav=Awayên por ji bo jin
| kin
| sermil
| derdekî
| gangilok
| doqik
| gomtil
| gûrz
| badayî
| topika por
| teriya hesp
| honayî
| hevrêsî
| cotê hona
| veçinî
| xingalokî
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|pirç
|qij
}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|bisk
|cênîk
|kezî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|rî
|simêl
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pordirêj
|porkurr
|por-reş
|porsor
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha pehlewî ''vers'', avestayî ''verise-'', sogdî ''v'rs'', farisî {{g|fa|گرس}} (gurs) ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[uel-]] (por, [[pirç]], [[pûrt]] ku hemû ji heman rehî ne). Herwiha hevreha peyva bi heman maneyê di gelek zimanên slavî de: rusî [[волос]] (volos: pirç, por), polonî: [[włos]], çekî û slovakî [[vlas]], slovenî [[las]]. [[hirî|Hirî]] ya kurmancî jî her ji eynî rehî ye û wisa hevreha [[wool]] ya îngilîzî û gelek peyvên bi heman maneyên yên zimanên hindûewropî ye. Bo zêdetir agahiyan, binere: [[hirî]].

&lt;sup&gt;Çavkanî: [[Şablon:Pokorny|Pokorny]], peyva *[[uel-]] &lt;/sup&gt;

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[qij]]
* {{Z|sdh}}: [[qij]], [[mü]]
* {{Z|lki}}: [[gij]]
* {{Z|zza}}: [[por]], [[gij]], [[gijik]]'''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахәы}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|o'}}
* {{Z|ady}}: {{W-|ady|шъхьэц}}
* {{Z|aa}}: {{W-|aa|xagor}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|haar}}
* {{Z|aho}}: {{W-|aho|𑜇𑜤𑜪}}
* {{Z|akk}}: {{W-|akk|𒋠|tr=šārtu|sc=Xsux}}
* {{Z|akl}}: {{W-|akl|buhok}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|qime}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Haar|nt}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Haar|nt}}, {{W+|de|Haar|nt|cuda=Haare}} 
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|чач}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ፀጉር|sc=Ethi}}
* {{Z|aqc}}: {{W-|aqc|чӏааӏри}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|per|n}}
* {{Z|aer}}: {{W-|aer|alte}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|চুলি}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|pelu|n}}
* {{Z|ain}}: {{W-|ain|ヌマ|tr=numa}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|saç}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W-|bm|kunsi}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|ile}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|сәс}}
* {{Z|bbl}}: {{W-|bbl|ბეჯ}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|[[волас|валасы́]]|n-p|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|be|во́лас|n|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|চুল}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|buhok}}
* {{Z|bho}}: {{W-|bho|𑂍𑂵𑂬}}, {{W-|bho|𑂕𑂷𑂀𑂗}}
* {{Z|bor}}: {{W-|bor|ao}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|blev}}
* {{Z|kxd}}: {{W-|kxd|rambut}}
* {{Z|bdk}}: {{W-|bdk|чӏер}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|коса́|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဆံပင်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|shenu}}
* {{Z|ch}}: {{W-|ch|pulu}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|месаш|p}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|vlasy|n-p}}, {{W+|cs|vlas|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎤᏍᏘᎬᎢ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|頭髮|tr=tau4 faat3}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|туфа}}
*: {{Z|gan}}: {{W-|gan|頭髮|tr=teu2 fat}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|頭髮|tr=thèu-fat}}
*: {{Z|cjy}}: {{W-|cjy|頭髮|tr=tou1 fah4}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|頭髮|tr=tóufa}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|頭髮|tr=tàu-huók}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|頭毛|tr=thâu-mn̂g, thâu-mô͘, thâu-mo͘}}, {{W+|nan|頭鬃|tr=thâu-chang}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|頭髮}}
*: {{Z|hsn}}: {{W-|hsn|頭髮|tr=tou2 fa6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|hår|nt}}
* {{Z|dlg}}: {{W-|dlg|ас}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|rambut}}
* {{Z|enq}}: {{W-|enq|iti}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|شَعْر}}, {{W+|ar|شَعْرَة|m|sc=Arab}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|شعر|n|tr=šaʿr}}, {{W-|arz|شعرة|m|tr=šaʿra}} 
*: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|شعر|n|tr=šaʿar}}, {{W-|afb|شعرة|m|tr=šaʿra}} 
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|մազեր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|haro}}, {{W+|eo|hararo}} 
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|juuksed|p}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|ɖa}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مو|tr=mu}}, {{W+|fa|گیس|tr=gis}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|hár|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hiukset|p}}, {{W+|fi|tukka}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cheveu|n}}, {{W+|fr|cheveu|cuda=cheveux|n}}, {{W+|fr|chevelure|m}} 
*: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|cheveu|n}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|cjaveli|n}}, {{W-|fur|čhavêl|n}} 
* {{Z|stq}}: {{W-|stq|Hier|nt}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|hier|nt}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|falt|n}}, {{W-|gd|fuiltean|n-p}}, {{W-|gd|gruag|m}}, {{W-|gd|gruagan|n-p}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|cabelo|n}}, {{W+|gl|pelo|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍆𐍄|nt}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|વાળ|n}}, {{W-|gu|કેશ|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|თმა}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|akãrangue}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|cheve}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|lauoho}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|buhuk}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|बाल|n}}, {{W+|hi|केश|n|sc=Deva}}, {{W+|hi|जटा|m}}, {{W+|hi|वाल|n}}, {{W+|hi|केस|n}}, {{W+|hi|चूल|n}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|plaub hau}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|haar|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שֵׂעָר|m|tr=se'ár|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|haro}}, {{W+|io|hararo}} 
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|buok}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|feax|nt}}, {{W-|ang|hǣr|nt}}, {{W-|ang|wiffeax|nt}} 
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hair}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|[[hius|hiukset]]}}, {{l|izh|tukka}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|мосаш}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|capillo}}
* {{Z|iu}}: {{W-|iu|ᓄᔭᑦ}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|gruaig|m}}, {{W-|ga|folt|n}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|folt|n}}
* {{Z|ruo}}: {{W-|ruo|per}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|capello|n}}, {{W+|it|capelli|n-p}} 
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hár|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|髪の毛|tr=かみのけ, kami no ke}}, {{W+|ja|髪|tr=かみ, kami}}, {{W+|ja|頭髪|tr=とうはつ, tōhatsu}} 
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|rambut}}, {{W-|jv|réma}} 
* {{Z|jje}}: {{W-|jje|머리꺼럭}}, {{W-|jje|머리털}}, {{W-|jje|머리터럭}}, {{W-|jje|머리까락}}, {{W-|jje|머리껄}}
* {{Z|kbd}}: {{W-|kbd|щхьэц}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|nujaq}}
* {{Z|kam}}: {{W-|kam|nzue}}
* {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಕೇಶ|sc=Knda}}, {{W+|kn|ಕೂದಲು}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|buak}}
* {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|kabelu}}
* {{Z|xqa}}: {{W-|xqa|سَجْ|tr=sač}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|włos|n}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|cabell|n}}, {{W+|ca|pèl|n}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|chukcha}}
*: {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|cukca}}
*: {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|agca}}
*: {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|agza}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|чач|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|jwere}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|කොඳ}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|머리칼}}, {{W+|ko|머리카락}}, {{W+|ko|머리}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|blew|m}}, {{W-|kw|gols}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|mots}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|coma|m}}, {{W-|la|crīnis|n|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|mats|n}}, {{W+|lv|mati|p}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຜົມ}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|თომა}}
* {{Z|lez}}: {{W-|lez|чӏар}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|nsúki}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|plaukai}}, {{W-|lt|plaukas|n}}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦕᦳᧄ}}
* {{Z|luy}}: {{W-|luy|lichune}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Hoer|nt}}, {{W+|lb|Hoer|p}}
* {{Z|luo}}: {{W-|luo|yie wich}}
* {{Z|mhn}}: {{W-|mhn|hor|nt}}
* {{Z|mag}}: {{W-|mag|𑂒𑂳𑂪|tr=cul}}, {{W-|mag|𑂍𑂵𑂬|tr=kes}}, {{W-|mag|𑂕𑂷𑂀𑂗|tr=jhõṭ}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|buk}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|коса|m}}, {{W-|mk|прамен|n}}, {{W-|mk|влакно|nt}} 
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|volo}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|rambut}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|xagħar|n}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡶᡠᠨᡳᠶᡝᡥᡝ}}
* {{Z|mni}}: {{W-|mni|ꯁꯝ|tr=sam}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|gruag|m}}, {{W-|gv|folt|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|uru}}, {{W-|mi|weu}}, {{W+|mi|makawe}}
* {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|bok}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|केस|nt|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|haj}}
* {{Z|xmf}}: {{W-|xmf|თომა}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|šnj|h=Sn:n-y:D3|n}}
* {{Z|lus}}: {{W-|lus|sam}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|үс}}
* {{Z|mtq}}: {{W-|mtq|thắc}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W+|nah|tzontli}}
* {{Z|naq}}: {{W-|naq|ǀûn}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|capello|n}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|atsiighaʼ}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Hoor|nt}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W+|ne|कपाल}}
* {{Z|hlt}}: {{W-|hlt|sam}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|g'veu|n}}, {{W-|nrf|g'veux|n}} 
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|hår|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|hår|nt}}
* {{Z|nus}}: {{W-|nus|nhim}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|cabel|n}}
* {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|କେଶ}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|rifeensa}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|сӕрыхъуын}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|صاچ|tr=saç}}, {{W-|ota|گیسو|tr=gîsû|sc=ota-Arab}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|چاچ|sc=ug-Arab}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|soch}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|buek}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|kabei}}
* {{Z|bxd}}: {{W-|bxd|tsʰɛ̃⁵⁵}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|ویښتان|tr=waṣ̌tan|sc=ps-Arab}}, {{W+|ps|وېښته|n|tr=weӽtǝ́}}
* {{Z|pjt}}: {{W-|pjt|mangka}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Hoa|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|włosy|n-p}}, {{W+|pl|włos|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|cabelo|n}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਵਾਲ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਬਾਲ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਕੇਸ|n}}
* {{Z|pua}}: {{W-|pua|jauiri}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|шаш|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ϥⲱⲓ|n}}, {{W-|cop|ⲧⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ|n}}
* {{Z|rhg}}: {{W-|rhg|sul}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|chavel|n}}, {{W-|rm|tgavel|n}}, {{W-|rm|chavè|n}}, {{W-|rm|cavegl|n}} 
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|bal|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|păr|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|во́лосы|n-p}}, {{W+|ru|во́лос|n}}, {{W+|ru|волоси́нка|m}}
* {{Z|skb}}: {{W-|skb|ผรั่ม}}
* {{Z|ssy}}: {{W-|ssy|dagar}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|vuoptâ}}, {{W-|smn|vuoptah|p}}
*: {{Z|sjd}}: {{W-|sjd|вӯппт}} 
*: {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|vuokta}}, {{W-|se|vuovttat|p}}
*: {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|vuõptt}}, {{W-|sms|vuõpt|p}}
*: {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|voepte}}, {{W-|sms|voepth|p}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|केश|n}}, {{W+|sa|वाल}}
* {{Z|sat}}: {{W-|sat|ᱩᱵᱽ}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|buhok}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W-|scn|capiḍḍi|n}}, {{W-|scn|capiḍḍu|n}} (individual)
* {{Z|sid}}: {{W-|sid|danana}}
* {{Z|csm}}: {{W-|csm|juše-}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ко̀са|m|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|дла̏ка|m|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|kòsa|m}}, {{W+|sh|dlȁka|m}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|hair}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|власъ|n}}
*: Glagolîtîk: {{W-|cu|ⰲⰾⰰⱄⱏ|n}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|волосъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|vlasy|n-p}}, {{W-|sk|vlas|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|las|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|timo}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|włos|n|m}}
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|włós|n}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|moriri}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cabello|n}}, {{W+|es|pelo|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|rambut}}, {{W-|su|bu-uk}}
* {{Z|sux}}: {{W-|sux|𒋠|tr=SÍK|sc=Xsux}}
* {{Z|sva}}: {{W-|sva|ფა̈თვ}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|unywele|11|12}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|hår|nt}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၽူမ်}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|чӏар}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|мӯ‍}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|buhok}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|முடி|sc=Taml}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|phóna}}
* {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|capìdde|n}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|buhuk}}
* {{Z|nod}}: {{W-|nod|ᨹᩫ᩠ᨾ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ผม}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|వెంట్రుకలు}}, {{W+|te|జుట్టు}}
* {{Z|tzm}}: {{W-|tzm|ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|чәч|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|fuuk}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ጸጉሪ}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰽𐰲|ts=sač}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|saç}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|saç}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|སྐྲ}}, {{W-|bo|དབུ་སྐྲ}} 
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|gras bilong het}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|matsi}}
* {{Z|ts}}: {{W-|ts|misisi}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|дүк}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|поп}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بال|n|tr=bāl|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W-|ur|کیش|n|tr=keś|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|воло́сся|nt|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|uk|во́лос|n|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|uk|во́лоси|n-p}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|cavel|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tóc}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|her}}, {{W-|vo|hel}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|tchvea|n}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwallt|n}}, {{W+|cy|blew|n-p}}
* {{Z|win}}: {{W-|win|nąąju}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សក់}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|ас|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|yag}}: {{W-|yag|ušta}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|האָר|nt|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|irun}}
* {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|nuyaq}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μαλλί|nt}}, {{W+|el|μαλλιά|nt}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κόμη|m}}, {{W-|grc|τρίχες|m-p}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|aer|nt}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|bwn'gyaeuj}}, {{W-|za|byoem}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|unwele|c11|c10}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
[[Wêne:Francolinus francolinus hm.jpg|thumb|por]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{maneid|ku|balinde}} {{f|ku|balinde}} [[teyr|Teyreke]] [[nêçîr]]ê yê mîna [[kew]]an ji [[nijad]]a [[mirîşk]]an e, dirêjiya wî 33 ta 37&amp;nbsp;cm e û [[kûvî]] ye lê ne [[koçer]] e.
#: {{hevmane|ku|evdal|firinde|nêçîr|kew|nijad|mirîşk}}
# [[nav|Nav]]ek [[jin]]an e.

==== Navê zanistî ====
* {{g|ku|Francolinus}} {{mj|Francolinus francolinus}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* Soranî: {{l|ckb|پۆڕ}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|francolin}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[poş]], [[veşartî]], [[niximandî]], [[girtî]], [[nepenî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Keçikê '''porê''' xwe por kiriye.|Pirça xwe niximandiye.|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|por bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|por kirin&lt;w:[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]], [[girtin]], [[nepenî]] kirin&gt;&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|porbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|porkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|porbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|porkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza}}
# {{g|ku|por}}

== {{ziman|eo}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
{{eo-IPA}}
* {{deng|eo|LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-por.wav|Deng|dever=Wijchen, Holenda}}
* {{deng|eo|LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-por.wav|Deng|dever=Toulouse, Fransa}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|eo}}
# [[ji bo]], [[bo]]
#: {{nm|eo|La edzo donis al sia edzino perlan kolĉenon '''por''' Kristnasko.|Mêr '''ji bo''' Gaxanê ji jina xwe re gerdeniyeke durî da.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr|eo|por}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|eo
|per
|pro
}}

== {{ziman|ia}} ==

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|ia}}
# {{g|ku|bo}}, {{g|ku|ji ... re}}, {{g|ku|ji bo}}, {{g|ku|jê re}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ia|bo}}

== {{ziman|bsh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|bsh}}
# {{g|ku|pel|id=riwek}} (parçeya nebatan)

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|bsh|pel}}

== {{ziman|ca}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ca|z=m}}
# {{g|ku|tirs}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ca|tirs}}

== {{ziman|lmo}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|lmo}}
# {{g|ku|feqîr}}, {{g|ku|xizan}}, {{g|ku|nedar}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|lmo|feqîr}}

== {{ziman|hu}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|hu|LL-Q9067 (hun)-Procrastineur49-por.wav|Deng|dever=Lûksembûrg}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|hu}}
# {{g|ku|toz}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|hu|toz}}

== {{ziman|nrf}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nrf|z=n}}
# {{f|nrf|heywan}} {{g|ku|beraz}}

== {{ziman|pt}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-Santamarcanda-por.wav|Deng|dever=Porto, Portûgal}}
* {{deng|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-Nelson Ricardo 2500-por.wav|Deng|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-Waldyrious-por.wav|Deng|dever=Minho, Portûgal}}
* {{deng|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-Juliano P. Junho (Jjunho)-por.wav|Deng|dever=Yangsan, Komara Korêyê}}
* {{deng|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-Sillim-por.wav|Deng|dever=Brezîl}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|pt}}
# {{g|ku|tê re}}, {{g|ku|di ... re}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pt|tê re}}

== {{ziman|es}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-Rodrigo5260-por.wav|Deng|dever=Lîma, Perû}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|es}}
# [[bo]], [[ji bo]]
# [[ji aliyê ... ve]]</text>
      <sha1>6tft4tz53fkpodbshd8zy2pvu3j23hz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25511</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291153</id>
      <parentid>6288246</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291153</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2578" sha1="qnn2pzeld6g8a1m7i8qycg9nmny0650" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|-tan}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tan|nêr}}
[[Wêne:Fence 400px.jpg|right|thumb|tanek]]
[[Wêne:Hea...hedge-trimming, Old Bolingbroke - geograph.org.uk - 1565200.jpg|thumb|tanek1]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[dar|Dar]]ên yan [[dîwar]]ê [[tenik]] yê li [[derdor]]î [[hewş]]ekê yan [[zevî|zeviyek]]ê [[ava|avakirî]] bo [[parastin]]a wê yan daku [[sewal]] jê ne[[revîn|revin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|çeper}} 
#: {{nm|ku|tanê [[hewş]]ê, tanê [[kotan]]ê, tanê [[bûstan]]î, tanê [[cinîn]]ê, tanê [[baxçe]]yî}}
# Di [[han]]a yekî [[çûn]], çûn [[harîkarî|harîkariya]] [[yek]]î kirin.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Gumbeda '''tan''' sitar e&lt;/br&gt;Meqbera dost lê veşare}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|[[tan kirin]]&lt;q:lêker&gt;&lt;w:tan li dor [[ava|ava kirin]]&gt;
|tankirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|tankirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|bêtan
|bêtanî
|bitan
|tandar
|tandarî
|tandêr
|tandêrî
|tanik
|tanî
|tank
|tanker
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|ten}}
* {{g|ku|tên}}
* {{g|ku|tîn}}
* {{g|ku|ton}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|an
|ban
|can
|dan
|han
|jan
|kan
|man
|nan
|pan
|ran
|şan
|van
|wan
|yan
|zan
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gardh|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zaun|m}}, {{W+|de|Sarkasmus|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|塀}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|السیاج}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|aita}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|clôture|f}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fence}} (construction), {{W+|en|fence}}, {{W+|en|hedge}}, {{W+|en|enclosure}}, {{W+|en|fencing}}, {{W+|en|hector}}, {{W+|en|paling}}, {{W+|en|palisade}}, (2) to {{W-|en|go help someone}}, {{W+|en|hedger|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|pagar}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kerítés}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|płot|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|cerca|f}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|gard}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|забор}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|కంచె|tr=kaMche}}, [[దడి]] (daDi)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çeper}}, {{W+|tr|itekleme}}, {{W+|tr|itiş}}, {{W+|tr|paravan}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|en|/tæn/}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tan.wav |dever=QY}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{en-navdêr}}
# {{f|en|reng}} [[debax]], [[esmer]] &lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{mk|en|'''tan''': {{reng|#D2B48C}}.|-}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[gizing]], [[tara]], [[berbang]], [[sarî]], [[kebar]], [[kubar]], [[karzim]], [[sewgur]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>qnn2pzeld6g8a1m7i8qycg9nmny0650</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sîh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25559</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291154</id>
      <parentid>6263340</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291154</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3908" sha1="plp3alkppf4hjiu4z8d849i4a3xvlbp" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|sih}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hejmar ===
{{hejmar|ku}}
# [[30]], [[jimare]] 30, [[XXX]]

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|sî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi hind û ewropî [[*tre-]], bi sanskrît [[trimseti]], bi avestayî [[thrî-]], bi partî [[hrê-]], bi farisiya kevin [[çî-]], bi pehlewî [[sîh]], bi zazakî [[hîris]]. Peyva [[sî]]'yî ji {{ji|pal|ku|-}} ket kurdî. Bi kurdiya orîjînal ev peyv [[hiris]] bibû, lê bûye winda.

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|sê
|sêzde
}}

====Binêre herwiha ====
{{lîste:hejmar/ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|dreißig|f}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|tregont}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[тридесет]] (trídeset)
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|třicet}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[三十]] (sānshí)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tredive}}, {{W-|da|tredve}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[ثلاثين]] (θalaθí:n), {{W-|ar|الثلاثون|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الریة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|رئة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|tridek}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kolmkümmend}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kolmekymmentä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|trente|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|tritich}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|dertig|f}}
* {{Z|he}}: [[שלשים]] (shloshím)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|thirty}}, {{W+|en|roan|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|trenta}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|trenta}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[三十]] (san-jū)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[서른]] (seoreun), [[30]] (samsip)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|triginta}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|trīsdesmit}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|harminc}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|tredve}}
* {{nov}}[[Novial]]: [[trianti]]
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|trinta}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|trzydzieści}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|trinta}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|treizeci}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[тридцать]] (trídtsat’)
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W-|sa|triṁśat}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|trideset}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|trideset}}
* {{Z|sh}}: [[тридесет]] ([[trideset]])
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|tridsať}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|trideset}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|treinta}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|thelathini}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|trettio}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|otuz}}, {{W+|tr|güderi|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|uk}}: [[трийцять]] (trýjtsjat’)
* {{Z|el}}: [[τριάντα]] (triánda)
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[der|Der]]a [[tav]] lê nade.
#: {{hevmane|ku|sîber|gewratî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Em li ber siya darê rûniştin.}}
# [[dirûv|Dirûv]]ê [[tarî]] yê tiştekî hemberî ronahiyê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|sîtavk}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|seh&lt;pos:2&gt;
|sih
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|sîber
|sîberî
|sîdar
|sîdarî
|sîtav
|sîtavk
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|skadu}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|hije}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schatten|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|skygge}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|ombro}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|skuggi}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|varjo}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|ombre}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|skaad}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lommer}}, {{W+|nl|schaduw}}, {{W+|nl|schim}}, {{W+|nl|zweem}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|צל}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|shade}}, {{W+|en|shadow}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ombra}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|skuggi}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|阴影}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|ombra}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[그림자]] (keurimcha)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|umbra}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|bo’oy}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|sombra}}, {{W-|pap|afspiegeling}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sombra}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|sombra}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sombra}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|skugga}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gölge}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
[[Wêne:Lungs.gif|thumb|120px|sîhên mirovî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# {{maneid|ku|pişik}} [[endam|Endam]]a [[laş]]î ya [[henase]]yê, ji bo [[guherîn]]a [[oksîjen]] û [[karbon]]a [[dîoksîd]]e kar dike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|cegera spî|sî|pişik}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|siye}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|lung}}, {{W+|en|lungs}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>plp3alkppf4hjiu4z8d849i4a3xvlbp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>meyxweş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25743</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291155</id>
      <parentid>6263810</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291155</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1176" sha1="lj2c509djttkhsn5kk8jv5ct2cqh7m0" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-meyxweş.wav|Deng|Qers}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|meyxweş}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[miz]], [[tirşeşîrîn]], tişta/ê ku [[hem]] [[tirş]] e û hem jî [[şîrîn]] e
#: {{nm|ku|Pirteqal û kîwî '''meyxweş''' in.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[tirşeşîrîn]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|meyxoş
|mayxoş
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|meyxweş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|meyxweş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|meyxweşbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|meyxweşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|meyxweşbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|meyxweşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|meyxweşî
|meyxweşîtî
|meyxweştî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|mey|xweş}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|عیاش}}, {{W+|fa|میگسار}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kirpeä}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|tart}}, [[pleasant]]ly [[acid]], [[slight]]ly [[strain]]ed, [[mild]]ly [[sour]], {{W+|en|sourish}}, {{W+|en|tartish}}, {{W+|en|tarry}}, {{W+|en|acidulent}}, {{W+|en|subacrid}}, {{W+|en|acidulous}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|ácido}}, {{W+|es|amargo}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|mayhoş}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lj2c509djttkhsn5kk8jv5ct2cqh7m0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lîs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25776</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291156</id>
      <parentid>6097366</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291156</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1790" sha1="gxifpesftik9fcc67ert2qrrrbl9h9z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Male and female chicken sitting together.jpg|thumb|250px]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[niştin]]geha [[firinde]]yan, [[cih]]ê [[vehewîn]] û [[bênvedan]]a [[firinde]]yan, &lt;br&gt;[[cih]]ê [[nivistin]]a [[firinde]]yan &lt;br&gt;(bi [[gelemper]]î [[hêlîn]]a firindeyan yan jî [[çeq]]ek darê)
#: {{nm|ku|Legleg '''lîsê''' xwe li ser daran çêdikin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Lîsê''' dîk û mirîşkan.}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|hêlîn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|lîs bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lîsîn
|lîsbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî ''lîs'', {{hv|sa|नीड}} (nîşá: [[hêlîn]]), latviyayî [[lizda]] (hêlîn), {{hv|lt|lizdas}} (hêlîn), {{hv|la|nidus}}, {{hv|en|nest}}, {{hv|fr|nid}}, [[oksîtanî]] [[nis]], {{hv|ru|насест}} (nasêst: lîs), [[гнездо]] (gnêzdo: hêlîn)... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[nisdós]] (hêlîn) ji *[[ni-]] (xwarê, jêr) + *[[sed-]] (rûniştin) ku herwiha serekaniya [[niştin]] û rûniştin yên kurdî ne. Bo guherîna N &gt; L bide ber [[nimêj]] &gt; [[limêj]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Hühnerstange}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|لانه مرغ}}, {{W+|fa|نشیمنگاه پرنده}}, {{W+|fa|لانه}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|orsi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|perchoir}}, {{W+|fr|juchoir}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|roest}}, {{W+|nl|kippenrek}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|לול}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|roost}}, [[perch]] (a bird's seat)
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|насест}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W+|sco|spiris}}, {{W+|sco|spàrdan}}, {{W+|sco|faradh}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|percha}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|hönspinne}}, {{W+|sv|hönshus}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tünek}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κουρνιάζω}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gxifpesftik9fcc67ert2qrrrbl9h9z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>neteweyî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26223</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291157</id>
      <parentid>6254161</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291157</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6469" sha1="aqjxz7mdy1sf64vlux4muf6r02ofmk5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tişta/ê ku ya / yê hemû [[milet]]ekê yan [[welat]]ekî ye û ne tenê yê [[dever]]ekê yan [[kom]]ekê ye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|millî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Berjewendiyên '''neteweyî'''}}
#: {{nm|ku|Edebiyata '''neteweyî'''}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kanalên '''neteweyî'''.|Kanalên ku li her dera welatî tên dîtin.}}
# Tişta/ê ku [[taybet]]î [[netewe]]yekê yan [[welat]]ekî ye lê ne ya netewe yan welatên din e.
#: {{hevmane|ku|millî}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|netewî}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|gelêrî}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|alemî
|cîhanî
|deverî
|dinyayî
|enternasyonal
|global
|herêmî
|navneteweyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|netewe|-yî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|neteweyî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|neteweyî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|neteweyîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|neteweyîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|neteweyîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|neteweyîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|navneteweyî
|navneteweyîtî
|neteweyîtî
|nêvneteweyî
|nêvneteweyîtî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|nasionaal}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|kombëtar}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|national}}, {{W-|de|Staats-}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|nacional}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|milli}}, {{W-|az|ümummilli}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|herriko}}, {{W-|eu|nazional}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|милли}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|нацыяна́льны}}, {{W+|be|наро́дны}}, {{W+|be|дзяржа́ўны}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|জাতীয়}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|национа́лен}}, {{W+|bg|наро́ден}}, {{W+|bg|държа́вен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|နိုင်ငံ}}, {{W+|my|အမျိုးသား}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|národní}}, {{W+|cs|státní}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|國家|cuda=國家的|tr=guójiā de}}, {{W+|cmn|全國性|tr=quánguóxìng}}, {{W+|cmn|國民|cuda=國民的|tr=guómín de}}, {{W+|cmn|國立|cuda=國立的|tr=guólì de}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|national}}
* {{Z|dv}}: {{W-|dv|ޤައުމީ}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|nasional}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|وَطَنِيّ|n}}, {{W-|ar|قَوْمِيّ|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ազգային}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|nacia}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|kodanik}}, {{W-|et|rahvuslik}}, {{W-|et|riiklik}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ملی|tr=melli}}, {{W+|fa|ناسیونال|tr=nâsiyonâl}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kansallinen}}, {{W-|fi|kansallis-}}, {{W+|fi|kansan}}, {{W-|fi|valtakunnan|cuda=valtakunnan-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|national}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|nàiseanta}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|nacional}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|રાષ્ટ્રિય|sc=Gujr}}, {{W-|gu|રાષ્ટ્રીય|sc=Gujr}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ეროვნული|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|ნაციონალური|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|nasyonal}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|राष्ट्रीय|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|nationaal}}, {{W+|nl|landelijk}}, {{W+|nl|rijk|cuda=rijks-}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|nazional}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|לאומי|tr=l'umí|cuda=לאומי \ לְאֻמִּי}}, {{W+|he|אַרְצִי|tr=artsí}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|national}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|халкъа}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|náisiúnta}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|nazionale}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|þjóðlegur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|国家|tr=こっかの, kokka no|cuda=国家の|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|国民|tr=こくみんの, kokumin no|cuda=国民の|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|国立|tr=こくりつの, kokuritsu no|cuda=国立の|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|nacional}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|улуттук}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|국가|cuda=국가의}}, {{W+|ko|국민|cuda=국민의}}, {{W+|ko|국립}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|kenedhlek}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|nātiōnālis}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|nacionāls}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ຊາດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|nacionalinis}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|национа́лен}}, {{W-|mk|народен}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ദേശീയ}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|nasional}}, {{W-|ms|bangsa}}, {{W+|ms|kebangsaan}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|nazzjonali}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|राष्ट्रीय|tr=rāṣṭrīya}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|nemzeti}}, {{W+|hu|országos}}, {{W+|hu|állami}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W-|mn|үндэсний}}, {{W+|mn|улсын}}, {{W-|mn|ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|राष्ट्रिय|sc=Deva}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|nasjonal}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|nasjonal}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|nacional}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|مىللىي}}, {{W-|ug|دۆلەتلىك}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|milliy}}, {{W+|uz|davlat}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|ملي|tr=millí}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|narodowy}}, {{W-|pl|nacjonalny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|nacional}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|ұлттық|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|național}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|национа́льный}}, {{W+|ru|наро́дный}}, {{W+|ru|госуда́рственный}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|राष्ट्रीय}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|nazziunali}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|fu kondre}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|национални}}, {{W-|sh|народни}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|nacionalni}}, {{W+|sh|narodni}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|naitional}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|národný}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|državen}}, {{W-|sl|naroden}}, {{W-|sl|nacionalen}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|nacional}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|nationell}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|миллӣ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|nasyonal}}, {{W+|tl|pambansa}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W-|ta|தேசிய|sc=Taml}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ประจำชาติ|tr=bprà jam châat}}, {{W+|th|ชาติ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|జాతీయ|sc=Telu}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|милли}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|millî}}, {{W+|tr|ulusal}}, {{W-|tr|ulusluk}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|milli}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ཀྱི་}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|قومی|tr=qaumi|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W-|ur|ملکی|tr=mulki}}, {{W-|ur|ملکی|tr=mulki}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|націона́льний|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|uk|наро́дний|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|uk|держа́вний}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|dân tộc}}, {{W+|vi|quốc gia}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cenedlaethol}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ជាតិ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|נאַציאָנאַל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εθνικός|n}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ἐθνικός}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|national|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=82574261}}</text>
      <sha1>aqjxz7mdy1sf64vlux4muf6r02ofmk5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kip</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26722</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291158</id>
      <parentid>6283637</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291158</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1654" sha1="1s7u94xkohaieerlidvwp3r22x8rxdq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kip|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pêjn]], [[deng]], [[kipên]],  &lt;br&gt;[[deng]]ê [[nizm]] û yan [[gotin]]a [[kurt]]
#: {{nm|ku|Xwe mit kir û '''kip''' jê nehat.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kip kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kipkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kipkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kipandin
|kipên
|kipîn
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|kîp}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|rigidly}}, {{W|en|deaf|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|deafened|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|berk}}, {{W|tr|dimdik|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kip.wav|Deng|dever=Başûrê Îngilistanê, QY}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# bendek ji kevlên giyanewerên biçûk, kevlek ji van&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bênimûne|en}}

== {{ziman|nl}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|nl|LL-Q7411 (nld)-Robin van der Vliet-kip.wav|Deng|dever=Wijchen, Holenda}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nl|z=}}
# [[mirîşk]], [[mamir]]
#* {{bênimûne|nl}}

== {{ziman|sl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sl|z=}}
# [[peykel]], [[heykel]], [[pût]], [[senem]]
#* {{bênimûne|sl}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|tr}}
# [[rawe]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[nemûş]], [[qalib]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# çendahiya guhêrbar
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# {{f|tr|rêzimanî}} [[rawe]]
#: {{mk|tr|Belirtme '''kipleri'''.|Raweyên pêşkêr.|rêz=1}}
#: {{mk|tr|Emir '''kipi'''.|Raweya fermanî.|rêz=1}}
# [[lê]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>1s7u94xkohaieerlidvwp3r22x8rxdq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bo ku</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26801</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291159</id>
      <parentid>6251030</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291159</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="587" sha1="linyifvtcvs4008n1borsr3w0yjg9jz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[daku|Daku]].
#: {{nm|ku|Alîkariya min bike '''bo ku''' zû xilas bibe.}}
# [[ji ber ku|Ji ber ku]], [[çimkî]], [[çiku]], [[çunkî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Wî xwe veşart ji '''bo ku''' ditirsiya.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[bo ko]]
* [[ji bo ko]]
* [[ji bo ku]]
* [[jibo ko]]
* [[jibo ku]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|bo|ku}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|also|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|in order to}}, {{W+|en|so}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|için}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>linyifvtcvs4008n1borsr3w0yjg9jz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lîste</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26984</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291160</id>
      <parentid>6262727</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:13:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291160</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2273" sha1="24eu56zosffkysf825uq8vqi4t94zcq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|lîste|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[navnîş]], [[damik]], [[fehrist]], [[katalog]], [[endeks]], [[tablo]], &lt;br&gt;[[kaxez]]a ku [[nav]]ên çend [[tişt]]an yan [[kes]]an li ser li [[pey]] [[hev]] hatine [[nivîsîn]] yan [[rêz]]kirin
#: {{nm|ku|Garson '''lîsteya''' xwarin û vexwarinên restoranê da min.|Kaxeza ku navên xwarin û vexwarinan li ser bû.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Lîsteya''' berbijarên hilbijartinê dirêj e.|Kaxeza ku navên hemû berbijaran li ser.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di ferhengan de peyv li gor alfabeyê tên '''lîstekirin'''.|rêzkirin|rêz=1}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[menû]], [[qeyd]], [[sicil]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|لیسته‌}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|lîst}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|lîste kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lîstekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lîstekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lîsteyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr|ku|liste}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|lys}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|listë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Liste|f}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|liste}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|قائمة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|listo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[لیست]] (lîst), [[فهرست]] (fehrest), {{W|fa|سیاهه}}, {{W|fa|لیست}}, {{W|fa|فهرست}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|luettelo}}, {{W|fi|lista}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|liste}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W|fur|list}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|list}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W|gu|સૂચી}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|सूची|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|lijst}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|list}} (enumeration), {{W|en|beadroll}}, {{W|en|menu}}, {{W|en|filmography|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|watchlist|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|bucket list|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|bullet list|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|bulleted list|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|numbered list|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|lista}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|skrá}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|llista}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|caudex}}, {{W|la|codex}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|daftar}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|lista}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|lista}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W|srn|marki}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|lista}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|tabell}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|listáhan}}, {{W|tl|talaán}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|liste}}, {{W|tr|cetvel}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W|zu|ilisti}}, {{W|zu|ililisti}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>24eu56zosffkysf825uq8vqi4t94zcq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>piştgir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27181</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291161</id>
      <parentid>6124522</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291161</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2358" sha1="g0s19xlo6pxx2vuny76g6s9uylvtnoe" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|piştgir|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesa/ê ku [[alîkarî|alîkariyê]] yan [[sempatî|sempatiyê]] dide kesekî yan tiştekî yan jî [[berjewendî|berjewendiyên]] wan [[parastin|diparêze]].
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|parêzvan|alîgir|terefdar|alîkar|destekder|piştevan}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tu '''piştgirê''' kîjan partiyê yî?}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Ji salên dirêj û vir ve hûn festîwala xwe didomînin. Ev bextiyarî û serketinek  mezin e. Ji bo me û milletê me. Hûn divê di şixulê xwe de her berdewam bin. Ez her tim '''piştgir''' û dilsozê xebata we me. Hûn her bijîn. Hûn bextiyar û serketî bin.|sal=2009|nivîskar=Şeyhmus Diken|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=cGhPAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=%22pi%C5%9Ftgir%22&amp;dq=%22pi%C5%9Ftgir%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Zevalsiz ömrün sürgünü: Mehmed Uzun}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Li Qazaxistanê jî '''piştgir''' û mamostayên wî peyda bûn...|sal=2014|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=gyTgDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA152&amp;dq=%22pi%C5%9Ftgir%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=5&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Antologiya 35 Helbestvan û Nivîskarên Kurd ên Sovyeta Berê|weşanxane=Na Yayınları|ISBN=9786059017039|rûpel=152|nivîskar=Têmûrê Xelîl}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|piştgirî
|pişgirîtî
|piştgir bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piştgir kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piştgirbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piştgirkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piştgirbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|piştgirkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|pişt|-gir}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Anhänger|m}}, {{W-|de|Beisteher|m}}, {{W+|de|Gefolgsmann}}, {{W+|de|behilflich}}, {{W+|de|Hilfskraft|f}}, {{W+|de|Befürworter|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Gönner|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|nachhelfend|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Fan|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشتیبان}}, {{W+|fa|کفیل}}, {{W+|fa|هوادار}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fan}}, {{W+|en|pro}}, {{W+|en|inclinable|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|corroborative|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|supporter}}, {{W+|en|bodyguard}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dayanışmacı}}, {{W+|tr|hami}}, {{W+|tr|koruyucu}}, {{W+|tr|solidarist}}, {{W+|tr|iltimasçı}}, {{W+|tr|kayırıcı}}, {{W+|tr|müzahir}}, {{W+|tr|taraftar}}, {{W+|tr|zahir}}, {{W+|tr|muzahir|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g0s19xlo6pxx2vuny76g6s9uylvtnoe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rahênan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27232</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291162</id>
      <parentid>6290546</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291162</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2550" sha1="5p10rtsj9ouaz6lulhta4nc0oro0dud" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/rɑːheːˈnɑːn/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Kirina tiştekî bo ku [[baş]] [[fêr]] bibe.
#: {{nm|ku|Em berî her lîstikê çend car '''rahênan''' dikin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rahênana''' me ew e ku divê her yek ji me nivîsarekê binivîse.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew her [[spêde]] zû radibe û '''rahênan''' [[werziş]]î dike.}}
#: {{hevmane|ku|temrîn|prove|ceribandin|pratîk|antreman|îdman|egzersîz|talîm|tetbîqat}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|ra-anîn
|rahanîn
|raênan
|raînan
|rahînan
}}

==== Tewîn ====
: ra-hên-

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|ڕاهێنان}} ji {{g|ckb|ڕا-}} ([[ra-]]) + {{g|ckb|هێنان}} ([[anîn]], [[înan]])

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rahênan kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rahênankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rahênankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rahênayî
|rahêner
|rahênerî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|oefening}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Exerzitium|n}}, {{W+|de|Übung|f}}, {{W-|de|Exerzieren}}, {{W-|de|Üben}}, {{W-|de|Einüben}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|øvelse}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|trejnado}}, {{W-|eo|ekzerco}}, {{W-|eo|ekzercado}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ورزیدن}}, {{W+|fa|عادت دادن}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|venjing}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|harjoittelu}}, {{W+|fi|harjoitus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|exercice}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|training}}, {{W+|nl|oefening}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|exercise}}, {{W+|en|practice}}, {{W+|en|coaching}}, {{W+|en|training}}, {{W+|en|maneuver}}, {{W+|en|schooling}}, {{W+|en|inurement|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|accustoming to|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|exercising|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|inure|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|praxis|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|rehearsing|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|woodshedding|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|work-out|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|allenamento}}, {{W+|it|esercizio}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|exercici}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|latihan}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|ehersisto}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|zadanie}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|treino}}, {{W+|pt|exercício}}, {{W-|pt|execício}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|упрашнение}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|ejercicio}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|övning}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|antreman}}, {{W+|tr|idman}}, {{W+|tr|egzersiz}}, {{W+|tr|talim}}, {{W+|tr|tatbikat}}, {{W+|tr|alıştırma}}, {{W+|tr|şartlanmak}}, {{W+|tr|şartlanma|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rahênan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5p10rtsj9ouaz6lulhta4nc0oro0dud</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>temrîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27276</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291163</id>
      <parentid>6098851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291163</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2077" sha1="8rxrys4pmozpvm4ewv1gyfje6hfur3r" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|temrîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Kirina tiştekî bo ku [[baş]] [[fêr]] bibe.
#: {{hevmane|ku|rahênan|prove|ceribandin|pratîk|antreman|îdman|egzersîz|talîm|tetbîqat}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Tu pirr di hundir de yî parazer got, divê tu derkevî wek min û Mr. Enfield '''temrînê''' bikî da ku xwîna te bigere.|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=50}}}}
#: {{nm|ku|Em berî her lîstikê çend car '''temrînan''' dikin. '''Temrîna''' me ew e ku divê her yek ji me nivîsarekê binivîse. Ew her spêde zû radibe û rahênan werzişî dike.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|temrîn dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|temrîn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|temrîndan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|temrînkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|temrîndayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|temrînkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|temrînder
|temrînker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|تمرين}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|oefening}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Exerzitium|n}}, {{W+|de|Übung|f}}, {{W-|de|Exerzieren}}, {{W-|de|Üben}}, {{W-|de|Einüben}}, {{W+|de|Drill|m}}, {{W-|de|Turnübung|f}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|øvelse}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|trejnado}}, {{W-|eo|ekzerco}}, {{W-|eo|ekzercado}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|venjing}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|harjoittelu}}, {{W+|fi|harjoitus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|exercice}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|training}}, {{W+|nl|oefening}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|exercise}}, {{W+|en|practice}}, {{W+|en|coaching}}, {{W+|en|training}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|allenamento}}, {{W+|it|esercizio}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|exercici}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|latihan}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|ehersisto}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|zadanie}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|treino}}, {{W+|pt|exercício}}, {{W-|pt|execício}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|упражнение|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|ejercicio}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|övning}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|antreman}}, {{W+|tr|idman}}, {{W+|tr|egzersiz}}, {{W+|tr|talim}}, {{W+|tr|tatbikat}}, {{W+|tr|alıştırma}}, {{W+|tr|temrin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8rxrys4pmozpvm4ewv1gyfje6hfur3r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hatî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27288</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291164</id>
      <parentid>6282137</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Formeke lêkerê */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291164</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1275" sha1="l24ttxkajgn8pmmzoo08auan2kbpxm9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# {{ku-raboriya-sade|hatin|duyem|yekjimar}}
#: {{nm|ku|Yên '''hatî''' û yên nehatî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tu kengî '''hatî'''?}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Dil qelbê heqîqet bit û iksîr-i hema girt&lt;/br&gt;Salik kî ye '''hatî''' ji mecazê bi heqîqet&lt;/br&gt;Sûret ne şinasî yû bi me'na ne fena girt}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هاتی}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hatî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hatî girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hatîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hatîgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hatîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|çûyî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|eingetreten}}, {{W|de|gekommen}}, {{W|de|eingelaufen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|hierhergekommen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الوارد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الواردة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|رسیده}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|came}}, {{W+|en|comer}}, {{W+|en|coming}}, {{W|en|entrant|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|incomer|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|arriving|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gelen}}, {{W|tr|gelme|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|mevrut|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>l24ttxkajgn8pmmzoo08auan2kbpxm9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rîsk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27295</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291165</id>
      <parentid>6286956</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291165</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1252" sha1="5akigmi9w1quisal9brjzf5vb70avgv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rîsk|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xeter|Xeter]], [[talûke]], [[rîzîko]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rîsk''' heye ku gelek kes bi wê êşê bikevin.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rîsk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rîskkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rîskkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêrîsk
|bêrîskî
|birîsk
|rîskdar
|rîskdarî
|rîskî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|risq}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Risiko|n}}, {{W+|de|Wagnis|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|riziko}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|risiko}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|risko}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|خطر احتمالی}}, {{W+|fa|ریسک}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|váði}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|riski}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|risque}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|noed}}, {{W-|fy|risiko}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|risico}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|risk}}, {{W+|en|venture}}, {{W+|en|hazard}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|rischio}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|kockázat}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|risiko}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|rísiko}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|risco}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|riesgo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|risk}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|risk}}, {{W+|tr|riziko}}, {{W+|tr|tehlike}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5akigmi9w1quisal9brjzf5vb70avgv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mebest</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27346</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291166</id>
      <parentid>6265079</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291166</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2156" sha1="3nv5asxqf0aaf0fqvg4uifxlz6ajxgc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-mebest.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mebest|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bayist]], [[merem]], [[mexsed]], [[niyet]], [[armanc]], [[hedef]], [[daxwaz]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Mebesta''' we çi ye?|Hûn çi dixwazin? We çi divê?|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Mebesta''' min bi vê nivîsarê ne rexnekirina we ye lê dixwazim çend pêşniyaran bikim.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مه‌به‌ست}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|mebest kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mebestkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mebestkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mebestbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mebestî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji [[-emenî|me-]] û rehê dema borî ê [[bestin|bestinê]]. Herwiha bide ber {{deyn|ar|ku|مبسط}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Absicht|f}}, {{W+|de|Zielpunkt}}, {{W|de|Behuf|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|هدف }}, {{W+|ar|قصد}}, {{W+|ar|غاية}}, {{W+|ar|نية}}, {{W+|ar|مقصد}}, {{W+|ar|غرض}}, {{W|ar|الخطب|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|السم|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الشكل|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الصدد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الصمات|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المطلب|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المغزى|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المنى|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|النحیة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|النیة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الوكد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|فحوى|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|قصد}}, {{W+|fa|معنی}}, {{W+|fa|مقصود}}, {{W+|fa|نیت}}, {{W+|fa|هدف}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tavoite}}, {{W+|fi|tarkoitus}}, {{W+|fi|päämäärä}}, {{W+|fi|pyrkimys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|but}}, {{W+|fr|dessein}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|intention}}, {{W+|en|purpose}}, {{W+|en|aim}}, {{W+|en|objective}}, {{W+|en|goal}}, {{W+|en|purport}}, {{W+|en|intent}}, {{W+|en|intensively}}, {{W+|en|target|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|teleo-|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|maksat}}, {{W+|tr|gaye}}, {{W+|tr|erek}}, {{W+|tr|garaz}}, {{W+|tr|garez}}, {{W+|tr|güdek}}, {{W+|tr|meram}}, {{W+|tr|amaç}}, {{W+|tr|murat}}, {{W+|tr|tasavvur}}, {{W+|tr|emel}}, {{W+|tr|kasıt}}, {{W+|tr|yol}}, {{W+|tr|niyet}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3nv5asxqf0aaf0fqvg4uifxlz6ajxgc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mexsed</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27351</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291167</id>
      <parentid>6284576</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291167</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1644" sha1="ldwxfu5l4eo1bmzqxut3hx9yctj0btr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mexsed|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[mebest]], [[merem]], [[niyet]], [[bayist]], [[armanc]], [[hedef]], [[daxwaz]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Mexseda''' we çi ye?|Hûn çi dixwazin? We çi divê?|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Mexseda''' min bi vê nivîsarê ne rexnekirina we ye lê dixwazim çend pêşniyaran bikim.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Ev neynika İskender e&lt;/br&gt;Yan '''meqsed''' e yan mezher e&lt;/br&gt;Dêm şûşeya xenîmetê}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[qesd]], [[xwestek]], [[dawa]], [[daxwaz]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|meqsed}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mexsedî
|mexsed kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mexsedkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mexsedkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Absicht|f}}, {{W|de|Intention|f}}, {{W|de|Vorsatz|m}}, {{W|de|Zweck|m}}, {{W|de|Behuf|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|غرض|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|غرض}}, {{W+|fa|هدف}}, {{W+|fa|نیت}}, {{W+|fa|مقصود}}, {{W+|fa|سسس}}, {{W+|fa|قصد}}, {{W+|fa|مقصد}}, {{W|fa|مدار|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tavoite}}, {{W+|fi|tarkoitus}}, {{W+|fi|päämäärä}}, {{W+|fi|pyrkimys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|but}}, {{W+|fr|dessein}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|intention}}, {{W+|en|purpose}}, {{W+|en|aim}}, {{W+|en|objective}}, {{W+|en|goal}}, {{W|en|multi-purpose|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|maksat}}, {{W+|tr|gaye}}, {{W+|tr|erek}}, {{W+|tr|garaz}}, {{W+|tr|garez}}, {{W+|tr|güdek}}, {{W+|tr|meram}}, {{W+|tr|amaç}}, {{W+|tr|murat}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ldwxfu5l4eo1bmzqxut3hx9yctj0btr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>enforme</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27397</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291168</id>
      <parentid>6255298</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291168</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="864" sha1="insxay2eeef1zik46rlpghgonugpstm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|enforme}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[agadar]], [[haydar]], [[serwext]], [[pêzan]], [[têgihiştî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Dema ku te xeberek jê bihîst, me '''enforme''' bike.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Piştî vegeriyana xwe ya bo Emerîkayê Jack Wheelerî di heqê sefera xwe de berpirs û dezgehên emerîkî '''enforme''' kir[in] û wî du [[meqale]] jî li ser sefera xwe û kurdan nivîsî.|Nefel.com, 11/2006}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|informe
|înforme
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|enforme bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|enforme kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|enformebûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|enformekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|enformebûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|enformekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|enformeker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fr|ku|informé}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>insxay2eeef1zik46rlpghgonugpstm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dirêjî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27440</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291169</id>
      <parentid>6243192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291169</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2711" sha1="jptgc1zo58uaqg7ritmo018qjo177um" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dirêjî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
[[Wêne:Firehî Dirêjî.jpg|thumb]]
# [[qiyas|Qiyas]]a [[dirêj]]bûna tiştekî.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dirêjiya''' vê darê pênc metre ye.|Ev dar 5 metre dirêj e.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Sazê ko di cengê da dibêjî&lt;/br&gt;Xwîna ji muxalifan '''dirêjî'''&lt;/br&gt;Hetta xwirekê seyê şikarî}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|درێژی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|dirêjahî
|dirêjatî
|dirêjayî
|dirêjîtî
|dirêjtî
|drêjahî
|drêjatî
|drêjayî
|drêjî
|drêjîtî
|drêjtî
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|firehî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dirêj|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|lengte}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Länge|f}}, {{W|de|Ferne|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|hed|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|længd}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|طول|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الخدبة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|السمیك|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|السنطلة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الشنعفة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الظل|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الغـــرار|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المطواء|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|النحب|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|النسوع|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|خطل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|longo}}, {{W+|eo|longeco}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|درازا}}, {{W+|fa|طول}}, {{W+|fa|بلندی}}, {{W+|fa|ارتفاع}}, {{W+|fa|قد}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pituus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|longueur}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|lingte}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|fad}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lengte}}, {{W+|nl|langdurigheid}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|ארך|cuda=אֹרֶךְ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|length}}, {{W+|en|stretchiness}}, {{W+|en|wordiness}}, {{W+|en|longitude}}, {{W+|en|span}}, {{W+|en|detailed}}, {{W|en|play-by-play|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|wordy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|detailedness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|minutia|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|prolixity|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|tallness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|elaborateness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|life span|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|lifespan|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|fad}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|lengd}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W+|yua|chowakil}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hosszúság}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|largura}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|długość|f}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|comprimento}}, {{W+|pt|extensão}}, {{W+|pt|longitude}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W+|srn|langa}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|dĺžka|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|largura}}, {{W+|es|longitud}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|urefu}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|längd}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|uzunluk}}, {{W+|tr|tul}}, {{W+|tr|boy}}, {{W|tr|buut|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jptgc1zo58uaqg7ritmo018qjo177um</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>serokatî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27467</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291170</id>
      <parentid>6253618</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291170</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1891" sha1="1g7y0hgi65uqnyqvi0b50196w2ad68s" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-serokatî.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|serokatî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[birêveberî|Birêveberî]], [[serdarî]], [[serkêşî]], [[pêşengî]], [[rêberî]], [[lîderî]], [[pêşewatî]], [[riyaset]].
#: {{nm|ku|Her kes nikare '''serokatiyê''' bike.}}
# Hemû kesên ku [[serok]] û [[birêveber]]ên tiştekî ne.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Serokatiya''' partiya wan çi dibêje?}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سه‌رۆكاتی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|serokahî}}
* {{g|ku|serokayî}}
* {{g|ku|serokî}}
* {{g|ku|serokîtî}}
* {{g|ku|seroktî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|serokatî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serokatîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serokatîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|serok|-atî}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Führung|f}}, {{W+|de|Leitung|f}}, {{W+|de|Vorsitz|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الرباعة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الرئاسة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الزعامة|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|السؤدد|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السیادة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|رئیسي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|رهبری}}, {{W+|fa|ریاست}}, {{W+|fa|امامت}}, {{W+|fa|ریاست|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|johto}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|leadership}}, {{W+|en|presidency}}, {{W+|en|presidial}}, {{W+|en|monarchical|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|decanal|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|presidential|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|primal|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|captaincy|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|chiefdom|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|helm|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|chieftaincy|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|liderança}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|liderazgo|m}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yönetim}}, {{W+|tr|başkanlık}}, {{W+|tr|liderlik}}, {{W+|tr|riyaset}}, {{W+|tr|şeflik}}, {{W+|tr|reislik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>1g7y0hgi65uqnyqvi0b50196w2ad68s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fesal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27488</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291171</id>
      <parentid>6262631</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291171</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1240" sha1="dc70lgm21jkl6zl2oaa8k1dnj0f20w8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fesal|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[awa]], [[şêwe]], [[stîl]], [[şêwaz]], [[terz]]
#: {{nm|ku|Fesala van cilan ne bi dilê min e.}}
# [[derfet]], [[delîv]], [[firset]], [[mecal]], [[gengazî]], [[îmkan]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mecal û '''fesal'''.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|fasal}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêfesal
|bêfesalî
|bifesal
|fesaldar
|fesaldarî
|fesalî
|fesal dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fesal girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fesaldan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fesalgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}

{{kontrolWergerr}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Weise|f}}, {{W+|de|Method}}, {{W|de|Findigkeit|f}}, {{W|de|Gelegenheit|f}}, {{W|de|angemessen}}, {{W|de|ausgewogen}}, {{W|de|bequem}}, {{W|de|gemessen}}, {{W|de|geordnet}}, {{W|de|geschickt}}, {{W|de|ordentlich}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|فرصة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فرصت}}, {{W+|fa|مجال}}, {{W+|fa|آرام اندازه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|chance}}, {{W+|en|opportunity}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|biçim}}, {{W+|tr|biçki}}, {{W+|tr|fırsat}}, {{W+|tr|imkan}}, {{W+|tr|mecal}}, {{W+|tr|tarz}}, {{W|tr|görüş|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>dc70lgm21jkl6zl2oaa8k1dnj0f20w8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kunkunî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27499</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291172</id>
      <parentid>6254623</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291172</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="988" sha1="8s95lxy76jer613x00ei7h0h4t22zd8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[qulqulî|Qulqulî]], tişta/ê ku gelek [[kun]]ên anku [[qul]]ên [[biçûk]] lê hene.
#: {{nm|ku|Bêjing '''kunkunî''' ye.''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|کونکونی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kunkun}}
* {{g|ku|kun-kunî}}
* {{g|ku|kunkunîk}}
* {{g|ku|kun-kunîk}}
* {{g|ku|kunkunîşk}}
* {{g|ku|kun-kunîşk}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kunkunîtî
|kunkunî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kunkunî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kunkunîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kunkunîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kunkunîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kunkunîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|[[kun]] + [[kun]]|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|خصاص|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|porous}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|poroso|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|多孔質}}の (takōshitsu no)
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пористый}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|porös}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8s95lxy76jer613x00ei7h0h4t22zd8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qulqulî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27505</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291173</id>
      <parentid>6244418</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291173</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="968" sha1="4llku7jcaq2rpvv6mo9hg4rn815zkfx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kunkunî|Kunkunî]], tişta/ê ku gelek [[kun]]ên anku [[qul]]ên [[biçûk]] lê hene.
#: {{nm|ku|Bêjing '''qulqulî''' ye.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|
|qul-qulî
|qulqulîk
|qul-qulîk
|qulqulîşk
|qul-qulîşk
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|qul|qul|-î}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qulqulî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qulqulî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qulqulîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qulqulîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qulqulîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qulqulîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qulqulîtî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ریش ریش}}, {{W-|fa|سوراخ سوراخ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|porous}}, {{W-|en|full of holes}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|poroso|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[多孔質]]の (takōshitsu no)
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пористый}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|porös}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|delik deşik}}, {{W+|tr|delikli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4llku7jcaq2rpvv6mo9hg4rn815zkfx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>muhr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27543</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291174</id>
      <parentid>6249768</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291174</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2200" sha1="9f40ic1vl7x5588l8o0a8cvjq20nd6o" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|muhr|mê}}
[[Wêne:USPresidentialSeal.jpg|thumb|'''Muhra''' serokkomariya Dewletên Yekbûyî yên Amerîkayê.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nîşan|Nîşana]] ku [[çêker]]ê/a [[belgename]]yek [[fermî]] li wê belgeyê dide daku bêt zanîn ku [[resen]] e anku ne [[sexte]] ye.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|xitim|stamp|texme}}
# [[amûr|Amûr]]a ku ew nîşan pê tê çêkirin.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[taybetmendî|Taybetmendî]], [[xusûsiyet]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ergatîvî '''muhra''' kurmanciyê ye|Newzad Hirorî, ''Nefel.com'', 2005)}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[bandor|Bandor]], [[tesîr]].
#: {{nm|ku|Vê nûçeyê '''muhra''' xwe li rojevê kir.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Şûşeya nûrîn cesed lê&lt;/br&gt;Dergehê '''muhra''' ehed lê&lt;/br&gt;Eks û nişana semed lê}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mihr&lt;pos:2&gt;
|mihir&lt;pos:2&gt;
|mohir
|mohr
|mor&lt;pos:1&gt;
|muhir
}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|موهر}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|muhrik}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|muhr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|muhrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|muhrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêmuhr
|bêmuhrî
|bêmuhrîtî
|bêmuhrtî
|bimuhr
|muhrdar
|muhrdarî
|muhrî&lt;pos:2&gt;
|muhrker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|مهر|tr=muhr}}, ji {{ji|ira}}, bi {{hv|pal||mihr|sc=Latn}}, ''mitr'', parsî ''mîhr'', hexamenîşî ''mitre-, miθre-'', {{hv|ae||miθro-|sc=Latn}}, {{hv|sa|मित्र|tr=mitre-}}, hemû ji {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*mitra-|w=[[peyman]], [[ehd]]}}. Heman peyv serekaniya [[mihrevan]] ya kurdî ye jî lê idiayên ku dibêjin peyva [[mîr]] û/yan [[merheba]] jî jê ne, bêbingeh in; ew herdu ji erebî ne. Peyva kurdî &quot;muhr&quot; û ya {{hv|fa|مهر|tr=muhr}} bi forma erebîkirî ve ji erebî li kurdî û farisî vegeriye.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|da}} : {{W+|da|stempel}}
* {{Z|fi}} : {{W+|fi|leima}}
* {{Z|fr}} : {{W+|fr|estampe}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|stamp}}, {{W+|en|seal}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sello}}
* {{Z|sv}} : {{W+|sv|stämpel}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|mühür}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9f40ic1vl7x5588l8o0a8cvjq20nd6o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gorî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27564</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291175</id>
      <parentid>6281842</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291175</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3648" sha1="foarx7g059y17bxmz7o8wxthja6t280" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{beş|Navdêr 1|Navdêr 2}}
** {{ku-IPA}}
** {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-gorî.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{beş|Navdêr 3}}
** {{ku-IPA}}
** {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-gorî-2.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{beş|Hoker}}
** {{ku-IPA}}
** {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-gorî-3.wav|Deng|Wan}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gorî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Dema [[kes]]ek [[jiyan]]a xwe [[li pêy]] [[tişt]]ek yan [[kes]]ek yan [[welat]]ê xwe dike qurban.
#: {{hevmane|ku|qurban|fîda}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Mûsa Beg bûbû '''goriya''' derewên wan.|''[[w:Çiyayê Agirî|Çiyayê Agirî]]'', [[w:Yaşar Kemal|Yaşar Kemal]], Weşanxana [[w:Çanda Kurdî|Çanda Kurdî]]}}
#: {{nm|ku|Mirovên welatparêz xwe bo welatê xwe dikin '''gorî'''.|xwe bo welatê xwe didin kuştin|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''gorî''' herdu çavên te bibim.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Gorî''' te bin bav û dayika min, ya resûlê xwedê!}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|gûrî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gorî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gorî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gorîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gorîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gorîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gorîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ezgorî
|gorîtî
|gorîker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Dibe ku têkildarî {{mîr|iir-pro|ku|*ȷ́ʰáwtram|w=gorî, pêşkêşiya avî a tê riştin}}, ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*ǵʰew-|w=riştin, rijandin}}; nê guherrîna dengî divê bidaya -z-. Hevreha {{hv|ae|𐬰𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀}}, ku keftiye {{hv|pal|zwhr|tr=zowhr}}, {{hv|fa-cls|زور|tr=zowr}}, {{hv|sa|होत्र}}. Ber hevrrehên wê dayî, divê bibûya {{jinûvesazî|zewher}} (wek {{jinûvesazî|gowhr}} &gt; {{q|ku|gewher}}, {{jinûvesazî|zowr}} &gt; {{q|ku|zever}}), lewma dibe ku ji wê rehê manê ji teşeyeka din dariştibe. Ji vê rehê bi gengazî {{q|ku|zot kirin|w=lê zêde kirin, bi ser ve kirin, îlawe kirin}}, ji {{mîr|iir-pro|ku|*ȷ́ʰáwtā|w=gorîker, qeşe, rahib}} (&gt;{{hv|fa|زوت|tr=zût|w=pîrên zerdeştî}}).

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Verehrer|m}}, {{W|de|gemäß}}, {{W|de|nach}}, {{W|de|Verletzte|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|ذبيحة}}, {{W+|ar|تضحية}}, {{W+|ar|ضحية}}, {{W|ar|الحماء|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|فدا|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|قربان|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|sacrifice}}, {{W|en|casualty|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|victim|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|corban|guman=erê}},, {{W|en|in regard to|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|feda}}, {{W|tr|kurban}}, {{W|tr|nöbet}}, {{W|tr|göre|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|bakarak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|nazaran|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|nispeten|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|oranla|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|tevfikan|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|üstüne|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yaraşmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gorî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|surçî}} [[dor]]
#: {{nm|ku|Roja berayiyê '''goriya''' min bû.|Roja yekem dora min e.|rêz=1}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|gor|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{r-ya req}}
# Rewşa [[gor]]bûnê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|gorîn}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# {{maneid|ku|hoker}} li [[gor]], li [[dûv]], li [[pey]], bi [[wên]] a.., [[wek]], [[mîna]]
#: {{nm|ku|Li '''gorî''' te, divê em çi bikin.|Bi baweriya te divê em çi bikin.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[çiyayî]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>foarx7g059y17bxmz7o8wxthja6t280</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bikir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27708</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291176</id>
      <parentid>6242973</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291176</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2363" sha1="d5br2320akgi5olaj2p7y13jvexpu2m" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|bi&quot;k(h)iř}}, {{r-ya req}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bikir|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê ku tiştan [[kirîn|dikire]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|mişterî|kiryar|zibûn|kirox|senyar|bisên}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''bikirê''' vê dikanê me.}}
#: Ez tiştên xwe ji vê dikanê dikirim.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Çawan ku '''bikirên''' rojnamevaniya kurdî (hema) nîn in, wisan ên rojnamevaniya kurdî ya înternetî jî nin in.|Husein Muhammed di hevpeyivînekê de li gel malpera Avestakurd.net, 2002}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بکڕ}}
* {{ku-kr|бьк'ьр'}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bikirr}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|firoşkar}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|bikirî}}
* {{g|ku|bikirîtî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bi-&lt;id:îsmûfail&gt;|kirîn&lt;cuda:kir&gt;}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|kliënt}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Klient|n}}, {{W+|de|Kunde|m}}, {{W+|de|Käufer|n}}, {{W+|de|Abnehmer|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kunde}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مشتري}}, {{W-|ar|زبون}}, {{W-|ar|حريف|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|kliento}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|خریدار}}, {{W+|fa|فعّال|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|کننده|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|مشتری|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|viðskiftafólk}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ostaja}}, {{W+|fi|asiakas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|client}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|keaper}}, {{W-|fur|klant}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|keaper}}, {{W-|fy|klant}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|afnemer}}, {{W+|nl|cliënt}}, {{W+|nl|klant}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|buyer}}, {{W+|en|customer}}, {{W+|en|client}}, {{W+|en|costumer|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|cliente}}, {{W+|it|compratore}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|client}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|langganan}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|kliente}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|freguês}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|client}}, {{W+|ro|cumpărător}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|покупатель}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cliente}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kund}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sukì}}, {{W-|tl|tagabilí}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alıcı}}, {{W+|tr|müşteri}}, {{W+|tr|mubayaacı|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πελάτης}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|ikhasimende}}, {{W+|zu|ilikhasimende}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[keçîn]], [[qîzîn]], [[bikr]], [[doter]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>d5br2320akgi5olaj2p7y13jvexpu2m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27819</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291177</id>
      <parentid>6285885</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291177</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2365" sha1="2rt92fl3gcbv2yyxhbqjp19vh7pchfg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pil|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[piç]], [[piçek]], [[kêm]], [[hindik]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Pilek''' xwê.}}
# di [[lîstik]]a [[dar û pil]]ê de [[darik]]ê [[biçûk]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pil bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pil kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pilbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pilkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pilbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pilkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|pal
|pel
|pêl
|pîl
|pol
|pûl
}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|lib
|pile
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سست}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pinch}} (of salt), {{W+|en|flick}}, {{W+|en|acme}}, {{W+|en|apogee}}, {{W+|en|impulse|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|lobe|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|posterior|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pulsation|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pulse|guman=erê}},
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fiske}}, {{W+|tr|piç}}, {{W+|tr|doruk}}, {{W+|tr|teneke}}, {{W+|tr|kibirli}}, {{W+|tr|kurumlu}}, {{W+|tr|karaca|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|da}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|da}}
# {{mijar|da|riwek}} {{g|ku|bî}}, {{g|ku|bih}}
#* {{bênimûne|da}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|da|bî}}

== {{ziman|nb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nb|z=m}}
# {{mijar|nb|çek}} {{g|ku|tîr}} (çek yan nîşan)
#* {{bênimûne|nb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nb|tîr}}

== {{ziman|nn}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nn|z=m}}
# {{mijar|nn|çek}} {{g|ku|tîr}} (çek yan nîşan)
#* {{bênimûne|nn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nn|tîr}}

== {{ziman|no}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|no|LL-Q9043 (nor)-Telaneo-pil.wav|Deng|dever=Bærum, Norwêc}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|no}}
# {{mijar|no|çek}} {{g|ku|tîr}} (çek yan nîşan)
#* {{bênimûne|no}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|no|tîr}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv}}
# {{mijar|sv|riwek}} {{g|ku|bî}}, {{g|ku|bih}}
#* {{bênimûne|sv}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sv|bî}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-pil.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[pîl]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{mijar|tk|amûr}} {{g|ku|bêr}}, {{g|ku|mer}}
#* {{bênimûne|tk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|bêr}}</text>
      <sha1>2rt92fl3gcbv2yyxhbqjp19vh7pchfg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qot</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27889</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291178</id>
      <parentid>6286534</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291178</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2075" sha1="6t1hobzq17nf4yfdm9n1fkdmkg8p8yl" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[parî|Parî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Gur bi du '''qotan''' namire.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ساندویچ}}, {{W+|fa|لقمه}}, {{W-|fa|قله کوه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|coat}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çolak}}, {{W+|tr|hörgüç}}, {{W+|tr|höyük}}, {{W+|tr|sap}}, {{W+|tr|zirve}}, {{W+|tr|sakat}}, {{W+|tr|çolpa}}, {{W+|tr|topal}}, {{W+|tr|kaban|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tepe|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|güdük|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[gupik|Gupik]]a çiyê, [[lûtke]], [[qopik]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Îro ji '''qotê''' serê girî pê ve giş bûye mal û dikan.|{{Jêgirtin/Sadiq Ûskan/Şampaz}}}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قمة}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|summit}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|zirve}}, {{W+|tr|doruk}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[hop|Hop]], [[balûle]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 4 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[saqo|Saqo]], [[qapût]], [[çakêt]], [[manto]], [[palto]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 5 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|Kobanî}} [[ser]], [[qaf]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qot bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qot kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qotbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qotkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qotbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qotkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قحف}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 6 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[kur|Kur]], [[gir]]ên [[rût]], serê bê por, serê bê şewqe.
#: {{nm|ku|Minara '''qot''', ''serqot.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
* Ferhenga Destî a Kurdî bi Kurdî, Umîd Demîrhan</text>
      <sha1>6t1hobzq17nf4yfdm9n1fkdmkg8p8yl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>birde-bird</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27908</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291179</id>
      <parentid>6244979</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291179</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="749" sha1="jqiia5rm2rjen7gftc38f0z49sa542w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|birde-bird|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|dengê siriştî}} [[nim|nimnim]], [[suhbet]]kirina bi [[deng]]ê pirr [[nizm]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Birdebirda''' wan bû lê min tiştek jê seh nekir.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Govend û semaya tilên xwe bi '''birde-birda''' xwe re kir yek...|Reûf Bêgerd: ''Mirina helbestvanekî'', wergerrandin ji soranî: Husein Muhammed, Nefel.com, 10/2009}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bird
|birdebird
|bird-bird
|birdbird
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|birde-bird kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|birde-birdkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|birde-birdkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jqiia5rm2rjen7gftc38f0z49sa542w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>serî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27995</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291180</id>
      <parentid>6104391</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291180</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1802" sha1="d2veqql0wnwoi72vjhow4m27ryv82um" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|sêrî|şeri|şerî|şêrî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[destpêk|Destpêk]], [[ewil]], [[pêşî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ji '''serî''' ta binî.|ji destpêkê ta dawiyê|rêz=1}}
# [[lib|Lib]], [[heb]], [[fer]], [[dane]].
#: {{nm|ku|Pênc '''seriyên''' beranan.|5 lib beran|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=»Ena bi-l-we'di le-wasiq fe-lehe l-we'du wesîq«&lt;/br&gt;Di riya durrê muradê mi '''serî''' daniye rê&lt;/br&gt;»Xudtu fi l-behri we-la zewreqe we-l-behru 'emîq«}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|ser|-î}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|serî dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serî danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serî berdan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serî girtin
|serî birin
|serî xistin
|serîdanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serîdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serîberdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serîgirtin
|serîbirin
|serîxistin
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|navdêr}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Haupt}} {{nt}}, {{W+|de|Oberseite}}, {{W+|de|Spitze}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Stück}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|رأس|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کله}}, {{W+|fa|اصلی}}, {{W-|fa|بینی پرندگان}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|apex}}, {{W+|en|cusp}}, {{W+|en|jemmy}}, {{W+|en|knotty}}, {{W+|en|knurl}}, {{W+|en|point}}, {{W+|en|up}}, {{W+|en|knob}}, {{W+|en|capitate|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|cephalic|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|superincumbent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|vertical|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sequence|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|beyin}}, {{W+|tr|mebde}}, {{W+|tr|saksı}}, {{W+|tr|sere}}, {{W+|tr|tepe}}, {{W+|tr|yumru}}, {{W+|tr|kelle}}, {{W+|tr|ser}}, {{W+|tr|uç}}, {{W+|tr|dizi|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|seri|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|daçek}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|pro}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>d2veqql0wnwoi72vjhow4m27ryv82um</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hey</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28065</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291181</id>
      <parentid>6282515</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2254" sha1="cj6ia7o1u5jyb0ziil3ptpdw5l77qe5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Baneşan ===
{{baneşan|ku}}
# [[ey]], [[gelî]], [[-no]],  &lt;br&gt;[[peyvik]]ek e bo [[agadar]]kirin/[[gazîkirin]]ê
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hey''' gelî kurdan, rabin welatê xwe rizgar bikin.}}
# çawa bibe, çilo bibe, rewş çawa be jî: &quot;xwarin xweş be yan nexweş be, hey ez ê bixwim&quot;
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Nûra te ye misbah-i di qendîlê Herem da&lt;/br&gt;Da weqtê liqayê bi te '''hey''' bin di beqayê&lt;/br&gt;Min neqdê dil û can di fenayê bi selem da}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ey}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hey bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hey kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heybûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heykirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hêy}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|تا زمانی}}, {{W|fa|تازمانی}}, {{W|fa|حرف ندا|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|drat}}, {{W|en|hoy}}, {{W|en|hey}}, {{W|en|you}}, {{W|en|O}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bre}}, {{W|tr|ey}}, {{W|tr|of}}, {{W|tr|hay}}, {{W|tr|hey}}, {{W|tr|binek}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# dema kesek [[kar]]ekî dike, ji bo pê re [[kar]]ekî din jî bike tê gotin
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hey''' tu wê biçî vê jî bi xwe re bibe.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|fo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|fo}}
# {{mijar|fo|silavkirin}} {{g|ku|merheba}}, {{g|ku|silav}}
#* {{bênimûne|fo}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|fo|silav}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-hey.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|EN-AU ck1 hey.ogg|dever=Awistralya}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-hey.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-She animates-hey.wav|Deng|dever=California, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-hey.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}

=== Baneşan ===
{{baneşan|en}}
# [[lo]], [[lê]], [[ho]], [[hê]], [[haho]], [[va]]

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Baneşan ===
{{baneşan|tr}}
# {{g|ku|hey}}, [[hê]], [[ho]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# {{g|ku|hey}}
#: {{mk|tr|'''Hey''' akılsız çocuk.|Hey kurikê bêaqil.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>cj6ia7o1u5jyb0ziil3ptpdw5l77qe5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>petî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28238</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291182</id>
      <parentid>6124541</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291182</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1789" sha1="e9zkkuxp6ywqmo5ivbksx87h064mqxq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ne[[melezî]], ne [[tevlihev]], ne [[têkil]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|xwerû|saf|sade|pak|paqij|resen}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kurdiya '''petî'''.|kurdiya ku gotinên biyanî di nav de nînin|rêz=1}}
# [[tursî]], [[xwarin]]a ku [[ti]] [[pêxwarin]] li gel nîne
#: {{nm|ku|Me nanê '''petî''' xwar.|Me nan bi tenê xwar - ti tiştek din li gel nexwar.|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|petî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|petî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|petîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|petîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|petîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|petîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|petîtî
|petîger
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha {{hv|ckb|پەتی}}, neviyeka {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*pewH-|w=maliştin, paqij kirin}}, dibe ji {{mîr|ira-pro|ku|*puHitíkah}}, hevreha {{hv|ae|𐬞𐬏𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬐𐬀}} &gt; {{hv|pal|ts=Puydîg|w=Kendava Basreyê}}. Hevzaya {{q|ku|pak}}, {{q|ku|paqij}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|pastër}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|pur}}, {{W+|de|rein}}, {{W+|de|sauber}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|glan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|بسيط|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|خالص|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|pura}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|خالص}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|puhdas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|pur}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|puur}}, {{W+|nl|zuiver}}, {{W+|nl|rein}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pure}}, {{W+|en|plain}}, {{W+|en|simple}}, {{W+|en|unsullied}}, {{W+|en|unmixed|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|puro}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[純粋]]な
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|pur}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|purus}}, {{W-|la|putus}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|tiszta}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|puro|m}}, {{W+|es|pura|f}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[స్వఛ్ఛమైన]] (swaChChamaina)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çürük}}, {{W+|tr|saf}}, {{W+|tr|akıcı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>e9zkkuxp6ywqmo5ivbksx87h064mqxq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>feq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28667</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291183</id>
      <parentid>6280998</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291183</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1547" sha1="npdvkpv8ip6zbecmzomic1ffvbuovm0" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-feq.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|feq|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[asteng|Asteng]]a li ber kesekî yan tiştekî hatiye [[danîn]] daku [[ketin|bikeviyê]] û bêt [[girtin]]).
#: {{hevmane|ku|dav|xefik|dek|tepik|asteng}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Feq''' li ber kewan venan.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[kemîn]], [[dekûdolab]]}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|feq danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|feqdanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|faq
|feqe
|fîq
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Falle|f}}, {{W|de|Netz|n}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|zailtasun}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|fælde}}, {{W+|da|faldgrub}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kaptilo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تله}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ansa}}, {{W+|fi|loukku}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|piège}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|slag}}, {{W+|nl|val}}, {{W+|nl|valstrik}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pitfall}}, {{W+|en|booby-trap}}, {{W+|en|snare}}, {{W+|en|ambuscade}}, {{W+|en|trap}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tranello}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|perill}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|casses}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W+|yua|peets’}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|csapda}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|trampa}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|alçapão}}, {{W+|pt|armadilha}}, {{W+|pt|cilada}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W+|srn|trapu}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|nehoda}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|fallgrop}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tuzak}}, {{W+|tr|kapan}}, {{W+|tr|fare kapanı}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|pydew maglu}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>npdvkpv8ip6zbecmzomic1ffvbuovm0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kevz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28694</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291184</id>
      <parentid>6243178</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291184</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4157" sha1="l6bj6kc0o48558b6rt3cwlq82ielcpq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|kevz}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:River algae Sichuan.jpg|right|thumb|Avek kevzê-girtî.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|riwek}} Hin [[giya]] û [[jîndar]]ên [[hûrik]] in û [[seviye]]ya [[av]]ê digirin û [[kesk]] dikin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|alg|pûng|kewar}} 
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Ji ber baranê di nav çend rojan de her der hêşîn û kesk mîna '''kevzê''' xuya dikir.|nivîskar=Eyüp Kiran| sernav=Dewrêşê Evdî Kulîlka Bilbizêk û Rim|cîh=Stenbol|weşanxane={{w|Nûbihar}}|sal=2018|çap=4|rûpel=32|isbn=978-9944-360-95-1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|kefz
|kefze
|kefzeh
|kefzer
|kefzîç
|kevze
|kevzeh
|kevzer
|kevzîç
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hevz}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kevz girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kevzgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kevzgirtî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kevzik
|kevzî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|ira-pro|ku|*kaćyápas}}. [[hevreh|Hevreha]] {{hv|ckb|قەوزە}}, {{hv|zza|hewz}}, {{hv|fa|خزه‎|tr=xaze}}, {{hv|os|хӕфс|tr=xæfs}}.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|قەوزە}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|algë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Alge|m}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|শেলাই}}, {{W-|as|শেলুৱৈ}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|yosun}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|во́дарасць|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|водора́сло|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|မှော်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|řasa|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|水藻|tr=shuǐzǎo}}, {{W+|cmn|藻類|tr=zǎolèi}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|alge|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|طُحْلُب|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ջրիմուռ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|algo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|vetikas}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|آلگ|tr=âlg}}, {{W+|fa|جلبک|tr=jolbak}}, {{W-|fa|چغزلاوه|tr=čağazlâve}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|alga|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|levä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|algue}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|feamainn|m}}, {{W-|gd|alga|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|alga|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|წყალმცენარე}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|शैवाल|n}}, {{W+|hi|सिवार|n|m}}, {{W+|hi|सेवार|m}}, {{W+|hi|शैवाल|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|alg|n|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אַצָּה|m|tr=atsá}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|algo}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|alga}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|alga|n}}, {{W-|ga|feamainn|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|alga|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|þörungur|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|藻類|tr=そうるい, sōrui|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|quajaatit}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|alga|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|балыр}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|조류}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|aļģe|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ສາຫລ່າຍ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|dumbliai}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Alg|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|а́лга|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|alga}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|algey}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|pūkohu wai}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|moszat}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|tátłʼid}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|alge|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|alge|n}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|suvoʻt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|glon|n}}, {{W+|pl|alga|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|alga|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਜਿਲਬ|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|балдыр}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|algă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|во́доросль|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|алга|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|alga|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|riasa|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|álga|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|alga|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|alg|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|обсабза}}, {{W-|tg|обгиёҳ}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|lumot}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สาหร่าย}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|శైవలము}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alg}}, {{W+|tr|su yosunu}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|во́дорость|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|tảo}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|ale|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|alga|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សារាយ|tr=saaraay}}, {{W+|km|ព្រាំ|tr=proam}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|φύκος|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|alga|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76041921}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza}}
# {{g|ku|kevz}}, [[alg]]
#: {{nm|zza|la sewbîna kewz zî esta.}}
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}</text>
      <sha1>l6bj6kc0o48558b6rt3cwlq82ielcpq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fût</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28710</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291185</id>
      <parentid>6281292</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291185</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="878" sha1="dhcdqyr0el8j112kvw9ruyqtmkfefox" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[lêb]], [[hîle]], [[fêl]], [[xap]], [[fen]], [[dekûdolab]], [[cambazî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Fen û '''fût'''.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|fûrt}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fût dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fûtdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# Maneyên vala, ne serkeftî û pûç dide. Di risteyen (hevokan) de bi şiklê &quot;fût neçûn/neçûyîn&quot; tê bikar anîn
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|fût çûn
|fût neçûn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fail}}, {{W+|en|vain}}, {{W|en|tape measure|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|boş}}, {{W+|tr|başarısız}}, {{W+|tr|çürük}}, {{W+|tr|ıslık}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>dhcdqyr0el8j112kvw9ruyqtmkfefox</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>himêz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28729</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291186</id>
      <parentid>6243708</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291186</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1711" sha1="rcv9dtqcp5qb0r36k1ttvpst5ok1inj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|himêz|mê}}
[[Wêne:WomanAndManHugging.jpg|thumb|Keçek û kurrek hev himêz dikin.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bersîng]], [[bermil]], [[koş]], [[pêsîr]]
#: {{nm|ku|Himêz kirin.|dan ber sîngê xwe û destên xwe li dor [[alandin]]|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di '''himêzê''' de rûniştin.|li ser çokên kesekî rûniştin|rêz=1}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[vehewandin]], [[pejirandin]], [[wergirtin]], [[qebûl]]kirin
#: {{mk|ku|Ew fikir ji aliyê hemûyan ve baş hat '''himêzkirin'''.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
| hembêz
| hemêz
| hemiz
| hemîz
| hilmêz
| himbêz
| amîz
| amêz
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|himêz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|himêzkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|himêzkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha ''[[himbêz]], [[hembêz]]'', [[hevreh]]a soranî ''[[amêz]]'', belûçî {{g|bal|همباز}}/{{g|bal|امباز}} (hembaz/embaz: himêz, himbêz), her sê ji *''[[hem-]]'' ([[hev]]) û ''[[baz-]]'' ([[bazik]], [[bazû]], [[bask]]). Bo ketina B ji pey M, bidin ber bo nimûne ''[[şemî]]/[[şembî]]'' yan ''[[simêl]]/[[simbêl]]''. Bo guherîna A bi Ê, bidin ber bo nimûne ''''[[kitêb]]'' yan ''[[hêcet]]''. Bo peyvsaziyê heriwha bidin ber îngilîzî ''[[embrace]]'' (himêz kirin) ji fransî ''[[embrasser]]'' ji latînî ''[[*imbracchiāre]]'' ji ''[[im-]]/[[in-]]'' ([[li gel]], [[pê re]], [[tê de]]) + ''[[bracchium]]'' ([[baz]], [[bazû]], [[bask]], [[mil]]).

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[amêz]], [[baweş]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hug}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kucak}}, {{W+|tr|bağır}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>rcv9dtqcp5qb0r36k1ttvpst5ok1inj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>heçî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28746</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291187</id>
      <parentid>6282194</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Cînav */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291187</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1755" sha1="7cxj8w3uzrpqspwmice4b5sn4tlgso4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}
# [[kîjan|Kîjan]] [[kes]]ê/a yan tiştê/a ku.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Heçî''' kesê ku bi ser bikeve, dê 1000 euroyan werbigire.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Heçiyê''' min dayê, qebûl nekir.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Heçiya''' ez dibêjim, tu dibêjî na.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Bi ker bit wê di gavê da&lt;/br&gt;'''Heçî''' firqet nedî hicran&lt;/br&gt;Nebê min dax û key lê ne}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|heçi}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|herçi}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|hecî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|her|çi}} yan {{qertaf|ku|her|kî}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|irgendein}}, {{W|de|irgend etwas}}, {{W|de|jene}}, {{W|de|jener}}, {{W|de|jenes}}, {{W|de|irgend}}, {{W|de|irgendetwas}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|n'eus forzh}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|أي شخص}}, {{W|ar|مهما|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|kioajn}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|حلقه چوبی}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|hielendal}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|any}}, {{W|en|at all}}, {{W|en|whatsoever}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|cibé}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|cualquier}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|anumán}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ta ki}}, {{W|tr|her kim ki}}, {{W|tr|gerçi|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|gelince|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|düğümlük|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W|tpi|sampela}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|אַבי|tr=abi}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# [[darik|Darik]]ê serê [[werîs]] ku pê [[werîs]] dihê [[hûnandin]] û di [[grêdan]]an de pê dihê [[jidandin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|heçû|heçûk}} 

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7cxj8w3uzrpqspwmice4b5sn4tlgso4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kod</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28748</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291188</id>
      <parentid>6283734</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291188</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2233" sha1="7cmo8bpwmq0ygjxx7x6hsqhd494k7ek" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m/n}}
# Hin [[jimare]]yên yan [[tîp]]ên ku tiştek yan kesek pê tê [[îdentîfiye]]kirin anku [[nasîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kodê''' telefonan yê welatê min 358 e.|Çi cara ku mirov telefonê bo jimareyek wî welatî bike, divê mirov pêşî 358 lê bide û paşî jî kodê bajarê ku ew telefon lê ye û dawiyê jî jimareya wê telefonê bi xwe.}}
# [[bernav|Bernav]], [[nav]]ê [[nepenî]], [[nav]]ê ku ne navê kesekî yê [[rast]] e lê hevalên wî dikarin wî bi wî navî binasin &lt;br&gt;(bi taybetî ji alî [[sîxur]]an û çekdaran ve tê bikaranîn).
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|qod}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|li kodê xwe xistin&lt;pos:biwêj&gt;&lt;w:li siûda xwe xwedî derneketin, şansa xwe revandin&gt;
|kodik
|kod kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kodkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kodkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr|ku|code}} ji {{ji|la|ku|codex|wate=pirtûk}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Kode|m}}, {{W|de|Code|m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|رمز}}, {{W+|fa|کد}}, {{W+|fa|کد}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|koodi}}, (''yê telefonan'') [[suuntanumero]]
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|code|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|code}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|code}}, {{W+|en|container}}, {{W|en|cod|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|opcode|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: [[codice]]  (all meanings)
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|código|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|código|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kod}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kod}}, {{W+|tr|kot}}, {{W+|tr|kavata}}, {{W+|tr|tekne}}, {{W|tr|tabaka|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ağaçtan kap|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[tas]], [[sehen]], [[elb]], [[dewlik]]a biçûk
#: {{nm|ku|Mirov '''kodika''' xwe ya dagirtî li ya vala nade.|[[gotina pêşiyan]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kodik}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|koda xwe a tijî li ê xelkê a vala xistin|w=behletî kirin, ehmaqî kirin, berjewendiyên xwe nenasîn, nezanîn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ltg}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ltg}}
# [[kengî#ku|kengî]] (çi demê, çi wextî?)
#* {{bênimûne|ltg}}</text>
      <sha1>7cmo8bpwmq0ygjxx7x6hsqhd494k7ek</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>as</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28932</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291189</id>
      <parentid>6277483</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291189</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2248" sha1="ori7mg3cl3jk9bkx4kslmbwxyhhwsaj" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|aş|As}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|as|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[karte]]ya [[herî]] [[giring]] di [[kumkanê]] de
# [[dar]]ek [[hêja]] û [[bihagiran]] e
# (''kevn'') [[asîtan]], [[erd]]
# (''kevn'') [[kevir]], [[ber]]
# (''kevn'') [[lez]], [[bizav]]
# [[kovî]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Em jî li bakur, gundê Qaşan (li [[Elbistan]]ê), ji kovî re dibêjin '''as'''.|Di koma &quot;Zimanê Kurdî&quot; de li ser [[Rûname]]yê, 6/2012}}

==== Bide ber ====
* [[asê]]
* [[ask]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|karte}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ass|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اس}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ässä}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ace}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|as}}, {{W+|tr|birli}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|as}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kovî]], [[kûvî]], [[hov]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|fr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:{{ku-tîp|a}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-as.wav|Deng|dever=Parîs, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-as.wav|Deng|dever=Lyon, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Pamputt-as.wav|Deng|dever=Manche, Fransa}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-as.wav|Deng|dever=Valais, Swîsre}}
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-as.wav|Deng|dever=Cornimont, Fransa}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|fr|form=erê}}
# (te) ... [[heye]]
#: {{nm|fr|Tu '''as''' une voiture.|Te tirimpêlek heye|rêz=1}}
# (te) ... [[-iye]]
#: {{nm|fr|Tu '''as''' dit.|te gotiye|rêz=1}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:{{ku-tîp|az}}
* {{deng|en|en-us-as.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-as.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-as.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-She animates-as.wav|Deng|dever=California, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-as.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|en}}
# [[wek]], [[mîna]], [[nola]], [[fena]], [[wekî]], [[weke]], [[weku]]

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-as.wav|Deng|dever=Îzmîr, Tirkiye}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[fisos]]
# di kaxizên îskambîlê de yek, as
# [[sereke]]
#: {{nm|tr|'''as''' oyuncu|leyzvanê sereke|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>ori7mg3cl3jk9bkx4kslmbwxyhhwsaj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tenha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28955</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291190</id>
      <parentid>6288414</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291190</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1735" sha1="l52rv08v7w94qlleme0g7quebq34cz2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# Ti kes yan tişt li gel ne, ti kes yan tişt pê re na.
#: {{hevmane|ku|tek|tena|tenya|bitenha|yek|bêkes|bêxwedî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''tenha''' hatim.|Ti kes li gel min nehat.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Em ne bi '''tenha''' ne.|Hin kes dî jî hene.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Sedê bîsta ye guh bidêr&lt;br/&gt;Bayê şiyarî guj-guj e, Dinya siyaset ronî ye&lt;br/&gt;'''Tenha''' li Kurdistan mij e.|''GUH BIDÊR'', {{w|Cegerxwîn}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|tenê
|tinê
|bi tinê
|bitinê
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bi tenha
|bitenha
|bitenhatî
|tenhatî
|tenhayî
|tenha bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tenhabûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|öd|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|only}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|asude}}, {{W+|tr|ıssız}}, {{W+|tr|kaytak}}, {{W+|tr|kuytu}}, {{W+|tr|körfez}}, {{W+|tr|tenha}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Tirkî. Enstîtuya Kurdî Ya Stenbolê. Amadekar, Zana Farqînî. Çapa 1. Nisan 2004. Rûpel: 1834.&lt;/ref&gt;
# [[tek|Tek]], [[tena]], [[tenya]], [[bitenha]], [[yek]], [[tenê]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|alone}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yalnız}}, {{W+|tr|bir}}, {{W+|tr|kimsesiz}}, {{W+|tr|rakipsiz}}, {{W+|tr|benzersiz}}, {{W+|tr|tek başına}}, {{W+|tr|tek}}, {{W+|tr|eşsiz}}, {{W+|tr|yalnızca}}, {{W+|tr|sadece}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[tenê]], [[tek]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}
# [[tenha]], [[tenya]], [[xewle]], [[xalî]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>l52rv08v7w94qlleme0g7quebq34cz2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29073</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291191</id>
      <parentid>6262916</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:14:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291191</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1165" sha1="k0fzsjdaih8diw9ihqpr49yx4teqd7q" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/heːˈmɑː/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hêma|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nima]], [[nîşan]], [[remiz]], [[nîşe]], [[îşaret]]
#: {{nm|ku|Rengê spî '''hêmayê''' aştiyê ye.}}
# [[aşop]], [[nîgaş]], [[xeyal]], [[xewn]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هێما}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|hîma}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|hama
|hema
|hima
|homa
|huma
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|hêma kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêma dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hêmakirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêmadan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hêmakirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêhêma
|bihêma
|hêmadar
|hêmaker
|hêmayî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|هێما}}, ji {{ji|ar|ckb|ایماء}}. {{cotreh|ku|îma}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الرمز}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نشانه}}, {{W+|fa|نماد}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|symbol}}, {{W+|en|sign}}, {{W+|en|heraldry}}, {{W+|en|indication}}, {{W+|en|charactery}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gösterge}}, {{W+|tr|imge}}, {{W+|tr|jest}}, {{W+|tr|nişan}}, {{W+|tr|bel}}, {{W+|tr|im}}, {{W|tr|eser|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>k0fzsjdaih8diw9ihqpr49yx4teqd7q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rijd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291192</id>
      <parentid>6286904</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291192</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2629" sha1="npsnxlt3ghteqs70xwht31zrjcyh3k4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|rijd}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[israr]], bi[[rik]], bi[[înat]], bi[[israr]], bi[[heter]], bi[[biryar]], [[biryardar]], [[rikdar]], [[serhişk]], [[berxwedêr]]&lt;br&gt; kesa/ê ku li ser [[gotin]]a xwe nayê xwarê û [[îlle]] [[bi ya xwe kirin|bi ya xwe dike]]  &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê ku [[kompromîs]] û [[tenezil]]ê [[pejirandin|napejirîne]]
#: {{nm|ku|Kurd '''rijd''' in ku divê Kerkûk bibe parçek ji herêma federala başûrê Kurdistanê.}}
# [[lêj|Lêj]], [[berwar]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê cehd û tekoşîna partiyê, '''rijd''' bûna partiyê li ser daxwazên xwe û ... kariye hesta neteweyî û bawerî bi demokrasiyê di nava  gelê Kurd de bibe jor û alîkariyê bi xwenasîna bêtir a xelkê li ser maf û azadiyên xwe bide.|Elî Mêhrperwer li gor Kurdistanmedia.com, wergerrandin: Selîm Zencîrî, jêwergirtin: 12/2006}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|رژد}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rijde}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rijd bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rijd kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rijdbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rijdkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rijdbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rijdkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rijdî&lt;pos:1&gt;}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|beharrsam|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پافشار}}, {{W+|fa|جدی}}, {{W+|fa|گیر}}, {{W+|fa|سریش}}, {{W+|fa|چسب}}, {{W+|fa|باثبات}}, {{W-|fa|باعزم}}, {{W-|fa|بااراده}}, {{W+|fa|اصرار}}, {{W+|fa|پافشاری}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|päättäväinen}}, {{W+|fi|sisukas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: [[obstiné]], {{W+|fr|tenace}}, {{W+|fr|têtu}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|insistent}}, {{W+|en|pertinacious}}, {{W+|en|obstinate}}, {{W+|en|stubborn}}, {{W+|en|tenacious}}, {{W+|en|dogged}}, {{W+|en|unswerving}}, {{W+|en|determined}}, {{W+|en|resolute}}, {{W+|en|unyielding}}, {{W+|en|miser}}, {{W+|en|penny-pinching}}, {{W+|en|skinflint}}, {{W+|en|niggardliness}}, {{W+|en|avaricious|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|cheeseparing|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|cheese-paring|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|churlish|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|covetous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fisted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|grudging|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|penurious|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|tight fisted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tight-fisted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|vile|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|greedy}}
* {{Z|sv}}: [[beslutsam]], {{W+|sv|bestämd}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|inatçı}}, {{W+|tr|ısrarlı}}, {{W+|tr|azimli}}, {{W-|tr|sebatkar}}, {{W+|tr|dirençli}}, {{W+|tr|kararlı}}, {{W+|tr|inat}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>npsnxlt3ghteqs70xwht31zrjcyh3k4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>daw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29581</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291193</id>
      <parentid>6279812</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291193</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2373" sha1="c7cowdwyz0snzpjjchcr6wy47gaxmpc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|daw|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[duyê]] hin [[heywan]]an ve, [[parçe]]ya ku bi [[pişt]]a hin [[heywan]]an ve
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dawa''' miyan / beranan / berxan.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|dawik
|dawk
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|dawa
|dawe
|dew
|dêw
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schwanz|m}}, {{W+|de|Sterz}}, {{W-|de|Rockschoß|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|است|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|تنورة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دامن}}, {{W-|fa|دم گوسفند|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|tail}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kuyruk}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|daw|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dang]], [[delîng]], [[parçe]]ya [[jêrîn]] ya [[kiras]]an û [[cil]]ên din
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ev demek e rihê hin sloganên riziyayî û peritî yên ku ji '''dawa''' siyasetê diwerin bi reng û dirûvên nû ve xwe ber didin nav mala wêjeya kurdî jî.|Evdile Koçer: ''Deriyê wêjeyê û deriyê sloganan'', Diyarname.com, 3/2007}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Cécileê jî, wekî xanima ku ji cîlê seraya qraliyetê be, '''dawa''' kirasê xwe ve rast kiribû û xwe li ser kursiyê edilandibû.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=86}}}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|daw bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|daw kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dawbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dawkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dawbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dawkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hem}}, {{W+|en|lap}}, {{W+|en|skirt}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|etek}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[derman]], [[îlac]],  &lt;br&gt;tiştên ku mirovên [[nexweş]] dixwin yan vedixwin daku [[sax]] bibe
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|drug}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ilaç}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[dav]], [[dehf]], [[xefik]] ([[kemîn]])
#* {{bênimûne|ckb}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[kemîn]], [[bive]], [[faq]]

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|En-us-daw.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[gewc]], [[xirpo]], [[sade]] &lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bênimûne|en}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>c7cowdwyz0snzpjjchcr6wy47gaxmpc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>karîwer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29669</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291194</id>
      <parentid>6097136</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291194</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="840" sha1="t4m6vvkokdcnj7e1t4w3cvxet0d08ob" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|karîwer}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[mijûl]], [[xerîk]], [[meşxul]], ne [[betal]], ne [[etal]], [[bişol]], &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê tiştekî dike û [[lewre]] [[karîn|nikare]] tiştek din bike
#: {{nm|ku|Ez dê biçûma Kurdistanê lê bi karê xwe ve '''karîwer''' im.}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|gîro}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|kar|-îwer}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|karîwer kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|karîwerkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|karîwerkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|karîwerî
|karîwerîtî
|karîwertî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|beschäftigt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|varattu}}, {{W+|fi|kiireinen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|engaged}}, {{W+|en|busy}}, {{W+|en|occupied}}, {{W+|en|engrossed}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meşgul}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>t4m6vvkokdcnj7e1t4w3cvxet0d08ob</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>binî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29698</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291195</id>
      <parentid>6290088</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291195</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1482" sha1="skgoacb2g3mlfgheizyjgix1h8r4tgu" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|bini|bînî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|binî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bin]], [[jêr]], [[rex]]ê [[herî]] [[nizm]] yê tiştekî
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[dawî]], [[talî]], [[dûmahî]], [[xilasî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ji serî ta '''binî'''.|ji destpêkê ta dawiyê|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|binî ketin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|binîketin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|binîgirtî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|bin|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|unter}}, {{W+|de|Untertasse|m}}, {{W+|de|unterhalb}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|اسفل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|قاع|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|قعر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بن}}, {{W+|fa|بیخ}}, {{W+|fa|اساس}}, {{W+|fa|بنیان}}, {{W+|fa|پی ریزی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|down}}, {{W+|en|underneath}}, {{W+|en|virginity|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aşağı}}, {{W+|tr|oturak}}, {{W+|tr|taban}}, {{W+|tr|alt}}, {{W+|tr|dip}}, {{W+|tr|temel}}, {{W+|tr|altı}}, {{W+|tr|dibi}}, {{W+|tr|dip deniz|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=?}}
# [[tanok]], navê cûrekî masiyan&lt;ref&gt;http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>skgoacb2g3mlfgheizyjgix1h8r4tgu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ava kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291196</id>
      <parentid>6099554</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291196</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7077" sha1="0hbnpz00ufze7s8oqtryf103lbyomwy" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|avakirin}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-ava kirin.wav|Deng|Amed}}
** {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-ava kirin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|ava kirin|form=gerguhêz|niha=k|borî=kir|pêşgir=ava|valahî=erê}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh}}
# [[avahî]] [[çêkirin]], [[xanî]] [[çêkirin]], [[dirist kirin]], [[çê kirin]], [[binyat danîn]], [[birêkûpêk]] kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Wan bo xwe malek '''ava kir'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Em ê maleke nû '''ava bikin'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kê ev keleh '''ava kiriye'''?}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

====Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئاڤا کرن}}

==== Dijmane ====
* [[herifandin]]
* [[kavil kirin]]
* [[wêran kirin]]
* [[xirab kirin]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|ava|kirin}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|bou}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|ndërtoj}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|bauen}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|јазаар}}, {{W-|alt|тӧзӧӧр}}, {{W-|alt|эдер}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|መገንባት}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|সাজ}}, {{W-|as|বনা}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|qurmaq}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|eraiki}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|будава́ць|impf}}, {{W-|be|пабудава́ць|pf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|নির্মাণ করা}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|sevel}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|строя́|impf}}, {{W+|bg|градя́|impf}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဆောက်}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|хьал да}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|stavět|impf}}, {{W+|cs|postavit|pf}}, {{W-|cs|budovat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|vybudovat|pf}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏁᏍᎨᎭ}}, {{W-|chr|ᎠᏐᏲᎭ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|建設|tr=jiànshè}}, {{W+|cmn|建造|tr=jiànzào}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bygge}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|bangun|cuda=membangun}}, {{W+|id|diri|cuda=mendirikan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|بَنَى}}
*: {{Z|arq}}: {{W-|arq|بْنى|tr=bna}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|بْنى|tr=bna}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|بْنى|tr=bána}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|կառուցել}}, {{W+|hy|շինել}}, {{W+|hy|սարքել}}, {{W+|hy|կերտել}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|konstrui}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|ehitama}}
* {{Z|gez}}: {{W-|gez|ሐነጸ}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|tu}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ساختن|tr=sâxtan}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|byggja}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|rakentaa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|construire}}, {{W+|fr|édifier}}, {{W+|fr|ériger}}, {{W+|fr|bâtir}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|tog}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|აშენება}}, {{W-|ka|აგება}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|तामीर करना}}, {{W-|hi|निर्माण करना}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|kho}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bouwen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|בָּנָה|tr=baná}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|konstruktar}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|timbran}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|build}}, {{W+|en|construct}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|rakentaa}}
* {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|хьал де}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|tóg}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|con·utaing}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|costruire}}, {{W+|it|edificare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|byggja}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|建てる|tr=たてる, tateru}}, {{W+|ja|築く|tr=きずく, kizuku}}, {{W+|ja|建設|tr=けんせつする, kensetsu suru|cuda=建設する}}, {{W+|ja|構築|tr=こうちくする, kōchiku suru|cuda=構築する}}
* {{Z|krc}}: {{W-|krc|этерге}}, {{W-|krc|кураргъа}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|bùdowac|impf}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|construir}}, {{W+|ca|edificar}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|куруу}}, {{W+|ky|салуу}}
* {{Z|ktu}}: {{W-|ktu|tunga}}, {{W-|ktu|kutunga}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|만들다}}, {{W+|ko|짓다}}, {{W+|ko|건설하다}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|gwruthyl}}, {{W-|kw|byldya}}, {{W-|kw|derevel}}, {{W-|kw|drehevel}}
* {{Z|lad}}: {{W-|lad|fraguar}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|mūniō}}, {{W+|la|aedificō}}, {{W+|la|struō}}, {{W+|la|construō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|celt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ກໍ່ສ້າງ}}, {{W-|lo|ກໍ່}}, {{W-|lo|ສ້າງ}}
* {{Z|ln}}: {{W-|ln|tónga}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|statyti}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|гради|impf}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|നിർമ്മിക്കുക}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|bina|cuda=membina}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|bena}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hanga}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|बांधणे}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|épít}}
* {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|qd|h=A35-D40}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|барих}}, {{W+|mn|босгох}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|chīhua}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|boen}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|निर्माण गर्नु}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|construithe}}, {{W-|nrf|bâti}}
* {{Z|non}}: {{W-|non|byggja}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|bygge}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|byggja}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|construire}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|ijaaruu}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|سالماق}}, {{W-|ug|قىلماق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qurmoq}}, {{W+|uz|solmoq}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|budować|impf}}, {{W+|pl|zbudować|pf}}, {{W+|pl|wybudować|pf}}, {{W+|pl|stawiać|impf}}, {{W+|pl|postawić|pf}}, {{W+|pl|wznosić|impf}}, {{W+|pl|wznieść|pf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|construir}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|салу}}, {{W-|kk|құру}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|clădi}}, {{W+|ro|construi}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|стро́ить|impf}}, {{W+|ru|постро́ить|pf}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|гра́дити|impf}}, {{W-|sh|изгра́дити|pf}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|gráditi|impf}}, {{W+|sh|izgráditi|pf}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠛꠣꠘꠣꠘꠤ}}, {{W-|syl|ꠢꠣꠎꠣ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|build}}, {{W-|sco|big}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|stavať}}, {{W-|sk|postaviť}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|graditi|impf}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|twariś|impf}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W-|st|haha}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|construir}}, {{W+|es|edificar}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kujenga}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|anlägga}}, {{W+|sv|bygga}}, {{W+|sv|förfärdiga}}, {{W+|sv|uppföra}}, {{W-|sv|uppresa}}, {{W+|sv|upprätta}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|сохтан}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ก่อ}}, {{W+|th|สร้าง}}, {{W+|th|ก่อสร้าง}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|төзү}}, {{W-|tt|ясау}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yapmak}}, {{W+|tr|inşa etmek}}, {{W+|tr|kurmak}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|བརྒྱབ}}, {{W-|bo|བཟོས}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|تعمیر کرنا|tr=ta'mīr karnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|будува́ти|impf}}, {{W-|uk|збудува́ти|pf}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|costruir}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|xây}}, {{W+|vi|xây dựng}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|bumön}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|basti}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|codi}}, {{W+|cy|adeiladu}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សង់}}, {{W+|km|កសាង}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|בויען}}, {{W-|yi|אויסבויען|pf}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|χτίζω}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|οἰκοδομέω}}, {{W-|grc|δέμω}}, {{W-|grc|μηχανάομαι}}, {{W-|grc|πήγνυμι}}, {{W-|grc|ποιέω}}, {{W-|grc|τεύχω}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|hwnj}}, {{W-|za|caux}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|build|beş=Ev beşa Wergerê|oldid=75620608}}</text>
      <sha1>0hbnpz00ufze7s8oqtryf103lbyomwy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>avabûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29714</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291197</id>
      <parentid>6099556</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291197</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5395" sha1="ldl5y6hgyonea1dg9vqq6c7zg8h5e43" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-l|ava bûn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-avabûn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|avabûn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
[[Wêne:Sunset_tokyoarea-timelapse-2019-03-17.webm|thumb|250px|Avabûna rojê li [[Tokyo]]yê.]]
# [[çûn|Çûn]]a [[xwar]]ê ya [[roj]]ê; [[winda]]bûna [[roj]]ê li [[rojava]]yê.
#: {{nm|ku|'''avabûna''' rojê}}
# Hatin [[avakirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''avabûna''' xaniyan}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئاڤابوون}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|ava|bûn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|avabûna rojê}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|sonsondergang}}
* {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|[[sunnūn]] [[sedalgang]]|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Sonnenuntergang|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|ажар}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|тӏерхьин}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|[[за́хад]] [[со́нца]]|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|সূর্যাস্ত}}, {{W+|bn|মাগরিব}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|pagsulnop}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|залез|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|západ slunce|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᏭᏕᎵᎬ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|日落|tr=rìluò}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|solnedgang}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|suolniðgaungg|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|senja}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|غُرُوب|n}}, {{W+|ar|مَغْرِب|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|մայրամուտ}}, {{W-|hy|արևամուտ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|sunsubiro}}, {{W-|eo|sunfalo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|päikeseloojang}}, {{W-|et|päikeseloojak}} 
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|sólsetur|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|auringonlasku}}, {{W-|fi|illansuu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|coucher de soleil|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|dol fodha na grèine|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|posta de sol|m}}, {{W-|gl|solpor|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მზის ჩასვლა}}, {{W-|ka|დაისი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सूर्यास्त|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zonsondergang|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|שקיעה|tr=shkiá}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|sunokusho}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|[[sunnan]] [[setlgang]]|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sunset}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|päivänlasku}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tramonto|n}}, {{W+|it|crepuscolo|n}}, {{W+|it|occaso|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sólsetur|nt}}, {{W+|is|sólarlag|nt}}, {{W-|is|sólfall|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|日没|tr=にちぼつ, nichibotsu}}, {{W+|ja|日の入り|tr=ひのいり, hinoiri}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|seqerngup tarrinnera}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|posta de sol|m}}, {{W+|ca|ocàs|n}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|해넘이}}, {{W+|ko|황혼}}, {{W-|ko|일락}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|crepusculum}}, {{W-|la|occasus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|saulriets|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Sonnenënnergang|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|зајдисонце}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|അസ്തമയം}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|naplemente}}, {{W+|hu|napnyugta}}
* {{Z|lus}}: {{W-|lus|ni tlâk}}
* {{Z|nah}}: {{W-|nah|aqui in tonatiuh}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|iʼííʼą́ągo}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Sünnünnergang|n}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|couochi du solé|n}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|solnedgang|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|soleglad|nt}}
* {{Z|css}}: {{W-|css|sosoronin}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|lixa biiftuu}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|хуры аныгуылд}}
* {{Z|par}}: {{W-|par|tape ikanna}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Sonnunjagank|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|zmierzch|n}}, {{W+|pl|zachód słońca|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|crepúsculo|n}}, {{W+|pt|pôr-do-sol|n}}, {{W+|pt|pôr do sol|n}}, {{W+|pt|poente}}, {{W+|pt|ocaso|n}}, {{W+|pt|sol-pôr|n}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|rendida dal sulegl|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|apus|nt}}, {{W+|ro|asfințire|m}}, {{W+|ro|crepuscul|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|[[захо́д]] [[солнце|со́лнца]]|n}}, {{W+|ru|зака́т|n}}, {{W+|ru|заря́|m}}, {{W+|ru|захо́д|n}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|beaivvášluoitádeapmi}}
* {{Z|sma}}: {{W-|sma|vælloe}}, {{W-|sma|biejjievælloe}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W-|scn|tracoḍḍu|n}},
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|[[залазак]] [[сунце|сунца]]|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|[[zalazak]] [[sunce|sunca]]|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|sončni zahod|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|chowanje słónca|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|puesta del sol|m}}, {{W+|es|ocaso|n}}, {{W+|es|atardecer|n}}, {{W+|es|anochecer|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|machweo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|solnedgång|g}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sibsib}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|เพล้โพล้}}, {{W+|th|ตะวันตก}}, {{W-|th|ตอนค่ำ}}, {{W-|th|ตกค่ำ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సూర్యాస్తమయము|sc=Telu}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|кояш бату}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gün batımı}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|ཉི་ནུབ|sc=Tibt}}, {{W-|bo|ཉི་རྒས|sc=Tibt}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|kauṃ-yaptsi}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|кежээки хаяа}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|[[за́хід]] [[сонце|со́нця]]|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|hoàng hôn}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|solamodonikam}}, {{W-|vo|modonikam sola}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|machlud haul|n}}, {{W+|cy|machlud|n}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|זונפֿאַרגאַנג|n}}, {{W-|yi|זונפֿאַרגאַנגען|n-p}}, {{W-|yi|זון־אונטערגאַנג|n|sc=Hebr}}, {{W-|yi|זון־אונטערגאַנגען|n-p|sc=Hebr}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|δύση|m}}, {{W+|el|ηλιοβασίλεμα|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|sunset|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=81985335}}</text>
      <sha1>ldl5y6hgyonea1dg9vqq6c7zg8h5e43</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mad</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29757</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291198</id>
      <parentid>6261491</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291198</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1701" sha1="r50tln30meh16d93add56rb6lory6ig" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mirûz]], [[gêwl]], [[meyl]], [[bij]], [[mijaj]], [[arezû]], [[dilbijîn]], [[îşteh]], [[mereq]], [[dilxwazî]], [[keyf]], [[kêf]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Madê''' wî îro ne xweş e.|Îro ew ne bi kêf e.|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Dinê '''mehd''' e û mehlok e&lt;/br&gt;Weku lebe û leyzok e}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|mahd}}
* {{g|ku|ma'd}}
* {{g|ku|mehd}}
* {{g|ku|me'd}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|med}}
* {{g|ku|mat}}

==== Binere herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|maîde}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|bêmad}}
* {{g|ku|bêmadî}}
* {{g|ku|madtirş}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{q|ku|mehde}}, {{ji|ar|ku|معدة|w=gede, zik}}. Guherrîna ramanê wek ''gede, dil'' &gt; ''hewes, arezû'' ku di bêjeyên xwecîh da jî peyda dibe. {{cotreh|ku|mîde}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Appetit}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|ماد}}, {{W|fa|اشکم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|mettle}}, {{W|en|frame of mind|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|state of mind|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|the cut of one jib|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|iştah}}, {{W|tr|surat}}, {{W|tr|yüz ifadesi}}, {{W|tr|moral|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|beniz|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-mad.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-mad.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-mad.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|en}}
# [[har]], [[dîn]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|za}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|za}}
# {{g|ku|gore}}
#* {{bêmînak|za}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|za|gore}}</text>
      <sha1>r50tln30meh16d93add56rb6lory6ig</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gerdûnî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29910</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291199</id>
      <parentid>6096716</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291199</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2209" sha1="i9olgk2efp0m00ia2gbsqv1i02mpe7h" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|ger|dû|nî}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|gerdûnî}}
# [[kaynatî]], [[unîversal]], [[cîhanî]], [[dinyayî]], [[alemî]], [[global]], [[cîhanşumûl]], [[alemşumûl]], [[navneteweyî]], [[enternasyonal]], &lt;br&gt;tişta/ê ku li [[hemû]] yan [[gelek]] [[dever]]ên [[gerdûn]]ê heye
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[gelemper]], [[giştî]], ya / yê [[hemû]]yan
#: {{nm|ku|Danezana '''Gerdûnî''' ya Mafên Mirovan.}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|gerdenî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gerdûnîtî
|gerdûnî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gerdûnî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gerdûnîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gerdûnîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gerdûnîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gerdûnîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|gerdûn|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|allgemein}}, {{W+|de|Universal-}}, {{W+|de|weltweit}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[普遍]] (pǔbiàn); [[全世界]]的 (quánshìjiè-de)
* {{Z|ar}}: [[عالمي]] ('alemî), {{W|ar|دولي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|universala}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|جهان شمول}}, {{W+|fa|جهانی}}, {{W+|fa|جهانی}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|yleismaailmallinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|universel|m}}, {{W|fr|universelle|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|universeel}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|universal}}, {{W+|en|global}}, {{W+|en|worldwide}}, {{W+|en|common}}, {{W+|en|international}}, {{W+|en|globalisation}}, {{W|en|cosmic|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|universale}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[全世界]]の (ぜんせかいの, zensekai no)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[우주의]] (uju-ui), [[전세계의]] (jeonsegye-ui)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|universalis}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|egyetemes}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|uniwersalny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|universal}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[всеобщий]] (vseóbščij), [[универсальный]] (universál’nyj)
* {{Z|es}}: [[#Spanish|universal]] ''m/f''
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|universell}}, {{W+|sv|universal-}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|evrensel}}, {{W+|tr|cihanşümul}}, {{W+|tr|âlemşümul}}, {{W+|tr|üniversal}}, {{W+|tr|dünyevi}}
* {{Z|el}}: [[καθολικός]] (katholikós), [[καθολική]] (katholikí), [[καθολικό]] (katholikó)
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>i9olgk2efp0m00ia2gbsqv1i02mpe7h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hece</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29920</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291200</id>
      <parentid>6211714</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291200</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6030" sha1="197lur68pn3i8s77n3yd454q6iiumja" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/hɛˈd͡ʒɛː/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hece|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[parçe|Parçe]]yên ku mirov dikare [[kelîme]]yekê lê [[parve kirin|parve bike]] dema mirov kelîmeyê dibêje.
#: {{hevmane|ku|kite|kîte}} 
#: {{nm|ku|&quot;Kurdistan&quot; sê-'''heceyî''' ye ji ber ku dikare wiha bêt gotin: Kur.dis.tan|rêz=1|anku mirov dikare li cihê niqteyê bisekine.}}
#: {{nm|ku|&quot;Dest&quot; peyvek '''yekheceyî''' ye.|rêz=1|ji ber ku divê mirov wê bi carekê bibêje}}
#: {{nm|ku|&quot;Bi-har&quot; du-'''heceyî''' ye lê &quot;wî-kî-fer-heng&quot; çar-heceyî ye.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=Kîte ango '''hece''' pariyek ji bêjeyekê ye ko bi derbekê de ji devê me derdikeve.|nivîskar={{w|Kamiran Alî Bedirxan|Kamran Bedir-xan}}|sernav=Rêzana Zimanê Kurdî|cih=Paris|sal=1971|rûpel=4}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=Qalib li ser hîmên kîteyên ('''heceyên''') kin (an vekirî) û drêj (an girtî) hatine avakirin.|kovar=Hêvî|sernav=ŞA'IRÊ RONAHÎ Û HIŞYARIYÊ CEGERXWÎN|nivîskar=Rojen BARNAS|hejmar=6|sal=1987|rûpel=11}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=Dı gotına &quot;xwesti&quot;ya pêşin da '''heceya''' paşin &quot;ti&quot;, dı gotına &quot;xwesti&quot;ya paşin da ji heceya pêşin &quot;xwes&quot; tê pitkırın.|nivîskar=M. Emin Bozarslan|sernav=Di Edebiyata Klasik û Folklora Kurdi da HUNER|sernavê orjînal=Konferansa Li ser Zmanê Kurdî|weşanxane=Weşanên Komkar|sal=2002|rûpel=32}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|hecandin}}
* {{g|ku|hecandî}}
* {{g|ku|pirrheceyî}}
* {{g|ku|yekheceyî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|هجاء|tr=heca|t=bi [[selîqet]]ê [[xwandin]]}} ji {{ji|arc|ku|הגא|tr=hega|t=[[pûnijîn]], [[hêdîka]] [[xwandin]]}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|parçeyeke kelîmeyekê}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|lettergreep}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|rrokje|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Silbe|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|heca}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ижек}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|склад|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|অক্ষর}}, {{W+|bn|পদাংশ}}, {{W-|bn|সিল্যাব্ল}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|silabenn|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|сри́чка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဝဏ္ဏ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|slabika|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|音節|tr=yīnjié}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|stavelse}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|suku kata}}, {{W+|id|silabel}}, {{W+|id|wanda}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مَقْطَع لَفْظِيّ|n}}, {{W-|ar|مَقْطَع|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|վանկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|silabo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|silp}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|هجا|tr=hejâ}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|stavilsi|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tavu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|syllabe|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|lide|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|sílaba|m}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|અક્ષર}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მარცვალი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|शब्दांश|n}}, {{W+|hi|अक्षर|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lettergreep|m}}, {{W+|nl|syllabe|m}}
* {{Z|hrx}}: {{W-|hrx|Silleb|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|הֲבָרָה|m|tr=havará}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|syllable}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|syllaba}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|siolla|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sillaba|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|atkvæði|nt}}, {{W-|is|samstafa|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|音節|tr=おんせつ, onsetsu}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|ниилвр}}
* {{Z|kne}}: {{W-|kne|gedwan di kali}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|síl·laba|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|муун}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|음절}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|syllaba|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|zilbe|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພະຍາງ}}
* {{Z|li}}: {{W+|li|lèttergreep|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|skiemuo|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Silb|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|слог|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|suku kata|lit=a quarter of a word}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|sillaba|m}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kūoro}}, {{W-|mi|haupū}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szótag|lit=word element}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|үе}}
* {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|бувын}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|syllabe|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|stavelse|n}}, {{W+|nb|staving|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|staving|m}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|بوغۇم}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|boʻgʻin}}, {{W+|uz|hijo}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|vaṇṇa|n}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|هجا|m|tr=hejā}}, {{W-|ps|سيلاب|n|tr=silāb}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Silb|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|sylaba|m}}, {{W+|pl|zgłoska|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sílaba|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|буын}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|silba|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|silabă|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|слог|n}}, {{W+|ru|склад|n}} 
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|अक्षर|nt}}, {{W+|sa|वर्ण|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|сло̏г|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|slȍg|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|slabika|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|zlog|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|złožka|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sílaba|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|silabi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|stavelse|g}} 
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|ҳиҷо}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|pantig}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พยางค์}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|eca}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|иҗек}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hece}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|bogun}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|ہِجا|n|tr=hijā}}, {{W-|ur|شبدانش|n|tr=śabdānś}}, {{W-|ur|اَکْشَر|n|tr=akśar}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|склад|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|âm tiết}} 
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|silab}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|sill|m}}, {{W+|cy|sillaf|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ព្យាង្គ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|טראַף|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|συλλαβή|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|συλλαβή|m}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|uhlamvu|c11|c10}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|syllable|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=83380547}}

== {{ziman|es}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|es}}
# [[gerode]], [[durd]], [[pegir]], [[tilp]], [[xilte]], [[tort]],&lt;br&gt; [[qirş]]ikên [[man|dimînin]] di [[bin]]ê [[aman]]ek [[şile]]yê de
#* {{bêmînak|es}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-hece.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[kîte]], [[#Kurdî|hece]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>197lur68pn3i8s77n3yd454q6iiumja</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>leq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30015</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291201</id>
      <parentid>6284062</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291201</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2607" sha1="g2glmd3yehc8p61bfhed2zp7r5mdc2i" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-leq.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[gez]], [[gestin]], [[gezandin]], [[dan ber didanan]], bi [[diran]]an [[hûr]]-hûr kirin
#: {{nm|ku|'''Leq''' lê dan.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|له‌ق}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|leq bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|leq kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|leqbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|leqkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|leqdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|leqbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|leqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|leqandin
|leq lê dan
|leqlêdan
|leqlêdayî
|leqlêder
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Abteilung|f}}, {{W|de|Abzweigung|f}}, {{W|de|Kompanie|f}}, {{W|de|Abschnitt|m}}, {{W|de|locker}}, {{W|de|bewegend}}, {{W|de|wackelig|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Dependance|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الزرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الضغم|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العجم|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العض|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العظة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|القضمة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|تیپ نظامی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|قطعه|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|لرزش|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|مقطع|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bite}}, {{W+|en|biting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|snap|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|bite}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|branş}}, {{W+|tr|büro}}, {{W+|tr|dal}}, {{W+|tr|departman}}, {{W+|tr|lıkır}}, {{W+|tr|seksiyon}}, {{W+|tr|şube}}, {{W+|tr|bölük}}, {{W+|tr|kıpırtı}}, {{W+|tr|sallantı}}, {{W|tr|furü|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kısım|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[liv]], [[lebat]], [[leqîn]] yan [[leqandin]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|liq}} {{mj|2}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|leqandin
|leqandî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|baggy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|bough|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|branch|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|section|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|segment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|squad|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gevşek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|tümen|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[beş]], [[pişk]], [[ta]], [[şax]]
#: {{nm|ku|Leqa PDKê ya bajarrê Dihokê.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gava wî leşkeriya xwe dikir, wî di '''leqê''' xwe de di piyêsên kenawer ên li ser jiyana leşkeriyê dilîst.|''[[w:Biyanî|Biyanî]]'', [[w:Albert Camus|Albert Camus]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g2glmd3yehc8p61bfhed2zp7r5mdc2i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>serhildan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30037</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291202</id>
      <parentid>6261451</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291202</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2479" sha1="e0talpx42nf8m80txzjwh9m8836xxnq" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-l|ser hildan}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/sɛɾhɪlˈdɑːn/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-serhildan.wav|Deng|Qers}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|serhildan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m|lk=ser hildan}}
# [[gel|Gel]] [[dij]]î [[hikûmet]]ê yan [[milet]]ek [[bindest]] dijî yekî [[serdest]] [[rabûn]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|raperîn|yaxîtî|isyan|rabûnserxwe}}
#: {{nm|ku|Serhildana Şêx Seîdê Pîran, &lt;br&gt;'''serhildanên''' kurdan dijî dagirkeran, &lt;br&gt;'''serhildan''' û berxwedan.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سەرهلدان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|serheldan
|serîheldan
|serîhildan
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ser|hildan}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|serhildan kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serhildankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serhildankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|serhildayî
|serhildêr
|serhildêrî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Rebellion}}, {{W+|de|Revolte|f}}, {{W+|de|Auflehnung}}, {{W+|de|Aufruhr|m}}, {{W+|de|Aufstand|m}}, {{W+|de|Erhebung|f}}, {{W+|de|Meuterei|f}}, {{W+|de|Aufbruch|m}}, {{W+|de|Umwälzung|f}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|mytteri}}, {{W-|da|opstand}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|ثورة}}. {{W-|ar|انتفاضة}}, {{W-|ar|عصيان}}, {{W-|ar|تمرد}}, {{W+|ar|انقلاب}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ribelo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|انقلاب}}, {{W+|fa|آشوب}}, {{W+|fa|طغیان}}, {{W+|fa|قیام}}, {{W+|fa|شورش}}, {{W+|fa|عصیان}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|uppreistur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kansannousu}}, {{W+|fi|kapina}}, {{W+|fi|vastarinta}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|révolte}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|muiterij}}, {{W+|nl|onlusten}}, {{W+|nl|opstand}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|uprising}}, {{W+|en|insurgence}}, {{W+|en|sedition}}, {{W+|en|mutiny}}, {{W+|en|rebellion}}, {{W+|en|revolt}}, {{W+|en|insurrection}}, {{W+|en|riot}}, {{W+|en|outbreak}}, {{W+|en|insurgency}}, {{W+|en|eruption}}, {{W+|en|revolution}}, {{W-|en|risinq}}, {{W+|en|insurrectional|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ruction|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|felkelés}}, {{W+|hu|lázadás}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|rebelion}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|bunt}}, {{W+|pl|powstanie}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|rebelião}}, {{W+|pt|revolta}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|бунт}}, {{W+|ru|восстание}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|baş kaldırma}}, {{W+|tr|ayaklanma}}, {{W+|tr|isyan}}, {{W+|tr|kalkışma}}, {{W+|tr|kıyam}}, {{W-|tr|baş kaldırmak}}, {{W+|tr|başkaldırı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>e0talpx42nf8m80txzjwh9m8836xxnq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hemd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30045</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291203</id>
      <parentid>6096891</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291203</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1460" sha1="4c698n9m2d2s2hkfoil22schpiighgz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ħɛmd/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-hemd.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hemd|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[qest]], [[vîn]], [[hez]], [[daxwaz]]
#: {{nm|ku|Bê '''hemdî''' min bû.|Bêyî daxwazê qewimî.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Pîrejina mehtirûm bê '''hemdê''' xwe lawij digotin.}}
# [[pesn]], [[sena]], [[meth]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hemd''' bo Xwedê.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Hemdê''' bêhed bo Xudayê 'alemîn&lt;br&gt;Ew Xudayê daye me dînê mubîn|Mela Hisênê Bateyî 1417 - 1491}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêhemd
|bêhemdî
|elhemdulîllah
|hemd kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hemdkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hemdkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|li ser hemd û hêla xwe bûn&lt;pos:biwêj&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}, têkildarî ''[[Mihemed]], [[Hemîd]], [[Mehmûd]], [[Hemdî]]''.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Dank|m}}, {{W|de|Wille|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حامد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|حمد|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اختیار}}, {{W+|fa|حمد}}, {{W+|fa|حوصله}}, {{W|fa|ثنا|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hamt}}, {{W+|tr|irade}}, {{W+|tr|istenç}}, {{W+|tr|sena}}, {{W|tr|cereyan|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|bilinç}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|nl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nl|z=nt}}
# {{mijar|nl|cilûberg}} {{g|ku|gumlek}}, {{g|ku|qemîs}}
#* {{bêmînak|nl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nl|gumlek}}</text>
      <sha1>4c698n9m2d2s2hkfoil22schpiighgz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kif</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30204</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291204</id>
      <parentid>6283598</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291204</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="687" sha1="i1d01mep9x42anwvl94e0l9ggcqqotw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[deng]]ê [[avêtin]]a [[kilmûş]]î ji [[difin]]ê
#: {{nm|ku|Difina xwe '''kif''' kirin.|difina xwe ji [[kilmûş]]î [[paqij]] kirin, kilmûş ji [[poz]]ê xwe avêtin|rêz=1}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|pif
|tif
}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|kaf
|kef
|kîf
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kif kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kifkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kifkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kifker
|kifkif
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kif kirin}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|niistää}}
* {{Z|en}}: to [[blow]] one's [[nose]]
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|snyta}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>i1d01mep9x42anwvl94e0l9ggcqqotw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qop</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30227</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291205</id>
      <parentid>6286521</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291205</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1283" sha1="ndzd1c5d4vx3fqxod42fuadnf0vx5rr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-qop.wav|Deng|Qers}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|qop}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kurt|Kurt]], [[qut]], [[kurtkirî]], [[qut]], [[qusandî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ling'''qop'''.}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê/a dikule.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|kulek|seqet}}
# [[çolax|Çolax]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|qopik}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qop bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qop kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qopbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qopkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qopbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qopkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qopik
|qopî
|qopker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بوته}}, {{W-|fa|بوته شاخه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|onelegged}}, {{W+|en|lambrequin}}, {{W+|en|cripple|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gibbous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|humpy|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|halting|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|hump-backed|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|stooped|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aksak}}, {{W+|tr|dış bükey}}, {{W+|tr|kambur}}, {{W+|tr|muhaddep}}, {{W+|tr|topal}}, {{W+|tr|zıpır}}, {{W+|tr|hovarda}}, {{W+|tr|sakat}}, {{W+|tr|hörgüç}}, {{W+|tr|konveks}}, {{W+|tr|tepe}}, {{W+|tr|şiş}}, {{W+|tr|zirzop|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ndzd1c5d4vx3fqxod42fuadnf0vx5rr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>golf</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30292</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291206</id>
      <parentid>6096788</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291206</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1867" sha1="4n0ikhle1mq1xrr0jjdxik9m04jovtm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ɡoːlf/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:EGC2001.jpg|thumb|Çend kes golfê dilîzin.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[lîstik]]ek e ku bi [[kaşok]]î li [[gog]]a biçûk ya [[req]] û spî tê dan û [[armanc]] ew e ku gog biçe di [[kun]]ên li [[erd]]ê çêkirî de
#: {{nm|ku|'''Golf''' lîstin, '''golf''' kirin.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi rêya {{deyn|en|ku|golf}} ihtimal e ji holendî.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|golf kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|golfî&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|golfvan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|golfvanî
|golfkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|golfkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Golf|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|高爾夫球}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[جولف]] (cûlf yan gûlf)
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|golf}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|golf|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|גולף|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|golf}}, {{W+|en|pill}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|golf|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[ゴルフ]] (gorufu)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[골프]] ''golpeu''
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|golf}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|golf}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|golf}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|af}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|af}}
# {{g|ku|pêl}}
#* {{bêmînak|af}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|af|pêl}}

== {{ziman|nl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nl|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|pêl}}
#* {{bêmînak|nl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nl|pêl}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-golf.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# {{g|ku|golf}}
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|ro}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ro|z=nt}}
# {{mijar|ro|erdnîgarî}} {{g|ku|kendav}}, {{g|ku|xelîc}}
#* {{bêmînak|ro}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ro|kendav}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv}}
# {{mijar|sv|erdnîgarî}} {{g|ku|kendav}}, {{g|ku|xelîc}}
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sv|kendav}}</text>
      <sha1>4n0ikhle1mq1xrr0jjdxik9m04jovtm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bişkoj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30464</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291207</id>
      <parentid>6278765</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291207</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2455" sha1="kla38nwumilkexy2pilvdva0nsai1ok" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bişkoj|mê}}
[[Wêne:Kletterrose Knospe.JPG|thumb|Bişkojek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kulîlk|Kulîlk]]a yan [[pel]]ê [[nû]] yê ku [[hê]] [[vebûn|venebûye]]. &lt;br&gt;[[kulîlk]] yan [[pel]] [[berî]] [[bişkivîn]]ê
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|bûtik|gulpik|xonçe|pindik}}
#: {{nm|ku|Tu '''bişkoj''' î di baxê min de, û roj î di warê min de.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Sehergeh 'endelîb mest in&lt;/br&gt;Ji bihna werd û '''bişkojan'''&lt;/br&gt;Şubih tûtak û goyînan}}
# [[meyîk]], [[qumçe]], [[merîk]], [[qupçe]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بشكۆژ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{stûn|
* {{g|ku|bişko}}
* {{g|ku|bişkoh}}
* {{g|ku|bişkuh}}
* {{g|ku|pişko}}
* {{g|ku|pişkoj}}
* {{g|ku|pişkoh}}
* {{g|ku|pişkuh}}
* {{g|ku|pişkov}}
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bişkoj kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bişkoj dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bişkojkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bişkojdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bişkojkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bişkojî
|bişkojk
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|bişkivîn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|vişko}}
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|چرۆ|tr=çiro}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Knospe|f}}, {{W+|de|Knopf|m}}, {{W+|de|Taste|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|芽}}, [[芽]] (yá)
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الأصمع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|برعم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شکوفه}}, {{W+|fa|دکمه}}, {{W+|fa|غنچه}}, {{W+|fa|تکمه}}, {{W-|fa|دکمه لباس}}, {{W-|fa|باد فصلی}}, {{W-|fa|شوره پوست}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|nuppu}}, {{W+|fi|silmu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|bourgeon|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|knop}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bud}}, {{W+|en|knop}}, {{W+|en|burgeon|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gemmule|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|blossom|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gemma|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|germoglio|m}}, {{W+|it|boccio|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|芽|tr=me}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|움|tr=um}}, [[눈]] (nun), [[싹]] (ssak)
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|бутон|tr=butón}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|brote|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|knopp|c}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|మొగ్గ|tr=mogga}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tomurcuk}}, {{W+|tr|gonca}}, {{W+|tr|düğme}}, {{W+|tr|cemre}}, {{W+|tr|çapraz}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|οφθαλμός|tr=ofthalmós}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>kla38nwumilkexy2pilvdva0nsai1ok</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lezgîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30611</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291208</id>
      <parentid>6097340</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291208</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2864" sha1="8u17halnqmameyl5k5p3mfw4wkze3ba" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Lezgîn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|lezgîn}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bilez]], [[zû]], [[acîl]], [[bipele]], [[xêrayî]], [[pelepel]], bi [[lez]] û [[bez]], ne [[hêdî]], ne [[hêdîka]], ne [[yawaş]],  &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê yan tişta/ê ku dikare di [[dem]]ek [[kurt]] de [[mesafe]]yek [[dirêj]] [[meşîn|bimeşe]],  &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê yan tişta/ê ku dikare di [[dem]]ek [[kurt]] de [[kar]]ekî bike
#: {{nm|ku|Trênek '''lezgîn'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|لەزگین}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|lezgîn bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lezgîn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lezgînbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lezgînkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lezgînbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lezgînkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lezgînî
|lezgînîtî
|lezgîntî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|lez|-gîn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|haastig}}, {{W+|af|vinnig}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|geschwind}}, {{W+|de|hurtig}}, {{W+|de|rasch}}, {{W+|de|schnell}}, {{W+|de|eilig}}, {{W|de|gelenkig}}, {{W|de|zügig|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Akut|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|hurtig}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|cepat}}, {{W+|id|kencang}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|طارئ|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|rapida}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|با عجله}}, {{W+|fa|عجول}}, {{W|fa|شتابنده|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|kvikur}}, {{W+|fo|skjótur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|nopea}}, {{W+|fi|pika-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|rapide}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|fluch}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|bras}}, {{W+|gd|luath}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gauw}}, {{W+|nl|gezwind}}, {{W+|nl|haastig}}, {{W+|nl|snel}}, {{W+|nl|spoedig}}, {{W+|nl|vlug}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fast}}, {{W+|en|quick}}, {{W+|en|rapid}}, {{W+|en|express}}, {{W+|en|speedy}}, {{W+|en|swift}}, {{W+|en|expeditious}}, {{W+|en|prompt}}, {{W+|en|arrowy}}, {{W+|en|emergency}}, {{W+|en|insta-}}, {{W+|en|quickly}}, {{W+|en|rate}}, {{W+|en|urgent}}, {{W|en|quibbling|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|instant|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|speeding|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hratt}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|ràpid}}, {{W+|ca|prompte}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|rapidus}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jepat}}, {{W+|ms|lekas}}, {{W+|ms|cepat}}
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W+|yua|seeb}}, {{W+|yua|seebak}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|gyors}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|hurtig}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|rápido}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|szybki}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|rápido}}, {{W+|pt|veloz}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|repede}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|быстрый}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|rápido}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|-epesi}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|mabilís}}, {{W+|tl|madalî}}, {{W+|tl|matúlin}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çabuk}}, {{W+|tr|aceleci}}, {{W+|tr|acul}}, {{W+|tr|evecen}}, {{W+|tr|hızlı}}, {{W+|tr|ivecen}}, {{W+|tr|iveğen}}, {{W+|tr|süratli}}, {{W+|tr|şiddetli}}, {{W+|tr|tez}}, {{W|tr|seri|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|içi tez|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|süratlı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8u17halnqmameyl5k5p3mfw4wkze3ba</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>baştir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30641</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291209</id>
      <parentid>6095558</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291209</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5855" sha1="s55itdb7u1i93spvu1efo5k7t4rfjr0" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/bɑːʃˈtʕɪɾ/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Formeke rengdêrê ===
{{rengdêr|ku|form=erê}}
# {{komparatîv|ku|baş}}
## [[çêtir]], [[qenctir]], [[rindtir]], [[çaktir]]
##: {{nm|ku|Ev ji wê '''baştir''' e.|Ew ne [[bi qasî]] vê [[baş]] e.|rêz=1}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|باشتر}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|bed}}tir
* {{g|ku|xirab}}tir

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|baştir bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|baştir kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|baştirbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|baştirkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|baştirbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|baştirkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
JiJi {{paş|ku|baş|-tir}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|''baştir'' wek rengdêr}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|besser}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|কৈ ভাল|cuda=-কৈ ভাল}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|hobe}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ле́пшы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|[[আরও]] [[ভাল]]|tr=arō bhalo}}, {{W+|bn|আফজল|tr=afjol}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|gwell}}, {{W+|br|gwelloc'h}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|по-добър}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|lepší}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|[[更]][[好]]|tr=gèng hǎo}}, {{W-|cmn|[[比較]][[好]][[的]]|tr=bǐjiào hǎo de}}, {{W-|cmn|[[較]][[好]][[的]]|tr=jiào hǎo de}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|bedre}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|أَفْضَل}}, {{W-|ar|أَحْسَن}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|[[ավելի]] [[լավ]]}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|pli bona}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|parem}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بِهتَر|tr=behtar}}, {{W-|fa|بختر|tr=bextar}} 
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|betri}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|parempi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|meilleur}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|miôr}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|nas fheàrr}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|mellor}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌶𐌰}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|უკეთესი}}, {{W-|ka|უმჯობესი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|बेहतर}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|beter}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|plu bona}}, {{W+|io|maxim}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|betera}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|better}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|melior}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|níos fearr}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|migliore}}, {{W+|it|meglio}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|betri}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|[[もっと]][[いい]]|tr=motto ii}}, {{W-|ja|[[より]][[良い]]|tr=yoriyoi}}
* {{Z|krl}}: {{W-|krl|parempi}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|millor}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|[[더]] [[좋다|좋은]]}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|gwell}}
* {{Z|lld}}: {{W-|lld|miec}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|melior}}, {{W-|la|potior}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|подобар}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|lebih baik}}, {{W-|ms|lebih bagus}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|jobb}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|meglio}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|miyeu}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|bedre}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|betre}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|melhor}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|bäta}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|lepszy|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|melhor}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|meglier}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|feder}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|[[mai]] [[bun]]}}, {{W-|ro|[[mai]] [[bine]]}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|лу́чше}}, {{W+|ru|лу́чший}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|श्रेयस्}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|megnus}}, {{W-|sc|mellus}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|megghiu}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|бо̏ље̄}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|bȍljē}}, {{W+|sh|bolji|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|lepší}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|bóljši}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mejor}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|bora}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bättre}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ดีกว่า}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|[[daha]] [[iyi]]}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بہتر|tr=behtar}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|кра́щий}}, {{W-|uk|лі́пший}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|mejo}}
* {{Z|vep}}: {{W-|vep|paremba}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|tốt hơn}}, {{W-|vi|khá hơn}}; {{W-|vi|khoẻ hơn}} 
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W-|vo|gudikum}}
* {{Z|vro}}: {{W-|vro|parõmb}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|meyeu}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gwell}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|бэт}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|בעסער}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|καλύτερος|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|βελτίων}}, {{W-|grc|κρείσσων}}, {{W-|grc|καλλίων}}, {{W-|grc|βέλτερος}} 
* Alviri-Vidari:
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|better|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75745403}}


=== Formeke hokerê ===
{{hoker|ku|form=erê}}
# forma [[komparatîv]] ji [[hoker]]a '''[[baş]]'''
## [[çêtir]], [[qenctir]], [[rindtir]], [[çaktir]]
##: {{nm|ku|Ez îro dikarim ji [[duh]] '''baştir''' bixebitim.|Duh min nedikarî mîna îro baş kar bikim.}}

{{werger-ser|''baştir'' wek hoker}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|besser}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|лепш}}, {{W-|be|ле́пей}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|по-добре}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|bedre}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|[[ավելի]] [[լավ]]}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|paremmin}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mieux}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|miei}}, {{W-|fur|miôr}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|mellor}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ჯობს}}, {{W+|ka|ჯობია}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|beter}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|bet}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|better}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|melio}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|meglio}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|betur}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|labāk}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|jobban}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|bedre}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|lepiej}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|melhor}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W-|ro|[[mai]] [[bine]]}}, {{W-|ro|[[mai]] [[bun]]}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|лу́чше}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|श्रेयस्}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|lepšie}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|bólje}}, {{W-|sl|bóljše}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mejor}}, {{W+|es|mejores|p}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|bora}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bättre}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|ndro raha}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|daha iyi}}, {{W-|tr|yakşırak}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|кра́ще}}, {{W-|uk|лі́пше}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W-|vo|gudikumo}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|καλύτερα}}, {{W+|el|κάλλιο}} 
* Hindi: 
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|better|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75874956}}</text>
      <sha1>s55itdb7u1i93spvu1efo5k7t4rfjr0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>katolîk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30699</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291210</id>
      <parentid>6120775</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291210</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1823" sha1="5vtwr97xtbf1tqjd0ciqrisjawhw95z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|katolîk|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|xiristiyanî}} [[mezheb|Mezheb]]ê herî [[mezin]] yê [[filetî|filetiyê]] ye, ku [[peyrew]]ên wê bi taybetî li [[başûr]]ê [[Ewropa]]yê û [[Amerîkaya Başûr]] hene. [[serok|Serok]]ê wê [[papa]] ye û ji [[Vatîkan]]ê tê [[birêvebirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Dêra '''Katolîk'''.}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|anglîkan
|lûterî
|ortodoks
|protestant
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|la}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|katolîk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|katolîkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|katolîkî
|katolîkîtî
|katolîktî
|katolîsîzm
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|katoliek}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|katolik}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Katholik|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|католик}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|katolický}}, {{W+|cs|katolík}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|katolsk}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|katolik}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[كاثوليكي]] (katûlîkî)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|katoliko}}, {{W+|eo|katolika}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[کاتولیک]] (katolîk)
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|katolinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|catholique}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|katoliek}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Catholic}}, {{W+|en|romish}}, {{W+|en|Roman Catholic}}, {{W+|en|Romanist}}, {{W+|en|catholic|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|romanist|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|cattolico}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|catòlic}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|katolikus}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|katóliko}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|católico}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|catolic}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|католик}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|católico}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|katolik}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|katolik}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|καθολικόσ}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[peyrew|Peyrew]]ê wê [[mezheb]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Kesên '''katolîk'''.}}</text>
      <sha1>5vtwr97xtbf1tqjd0ciqrisjawhw95z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>teleb</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30843</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291211</id>
      <parentid>6098841</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291211</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1381" sha1="su9rtpejwzyphxah3aitho2e9qhsdjz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|teleb|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[daxwaz|Daxwaz]], [[dawa]], [[xwestin]], [[viyan]], [[hêvî]]kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Teleb''' kirin.|[[xwestin]], [[dawa]] kirin|rêz=1}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[xwestek]]}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Cewrê hindî dê kişînit her kesê tawûs divêt&lt;/br&gt;Gewher û durra yetîm bê terk-i ser têtin '''teleb'''&lt;/br&gt;Xefletî ew keşşifî şîr dest bi dest hatin ceger}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|talib
|telebe
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|teleb kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|teleb  kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|telebkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|telebkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|telebî
|telebker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طلب|cuda=طَلَب}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Anforderung}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Anfrage}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Anspruch}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Aufforderung}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Auftrag}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Bewerbung}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Forderung}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Förderung}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Gesuch}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Claim|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|طلب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|طلب}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|requisition}}, {{W+|en|petition|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kızgınlık}}, {{W+|tr|sıçrama}}, {{W+|tr|talep}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>su9rtpejwzyphxah3aitho2e9qhsdjz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>eksklusîv</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30901</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291212</id>
      <parentid>6245787</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291212</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1377" sha1="113ya5jj4utecn1al0okdqnf3q5y295" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|eksklusîv}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[taybet]], [[xas]], &lt;br&gt;tişta/ê ku [[tenê]] bo yekê yan [[hinek]]an e, &lt;br&gt;tişta/ê ku [[tenê]] bo yekê yan [[hinek]]an e, &lt;br&gt;tişta/ê ku ne ya [[hemû]]yan e, &lt;br&gt;ne [[giştî]], ne [[gelemper]], ne [[amî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Hevpeyivînek '''ekslusîv''' bo kovara me.|hevpeyivîna ku tenê bo kovara me ye, ne bo ti kovarên din|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|eksklusîf
|eksklûsîf
|eksklûsîv
|êksklusîf
|êksklusîv
|êksklûsîf
|êksklûsîv
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr}} [[exclusif]] yan îngilîzî [[exclusive]]

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
''Berpirsekê dîplomatîk yê desthilata Erebistana Siûdiyê bi şertê ko navê wî neyêt aşkera kirin eksklusîv ji Nefelê re got Tirkiye behsa tehdîda Îranê û şîiyan li ser Iraqê dike û dibêje heger Emerîka rê bide Tirkiyeyê ko bikeve bakurê Iraqê yanî başûrê Kurdistanê hingê Tirkiye dê rê li ber Îranê bigire û tehdîda Îranê ya li ser welatên erebî yên sinî û Tirkiyeya sinî nemîne.''

(Nefel.com, 1/2007)

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|ekslusîvî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|exclusif}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|exclusive}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|esclusivo}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|eksklusif}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>113ya5jj4utecn1al0okdqnf3q5y295</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sent</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30956</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291213</id>
      <parentid>6261465</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291213</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1936" sha1="gzy2t0skmg234274uam1he0c118jzpa" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Ji [[sed]]î yekê [[dolar]]ê an [[euro]]yê.
#: {{nm|ku|100 '''sent''' dibin 1 euro yan 1 dolar.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Serokatiya Herêma Kurdistanê ragihand, Erebistana Siûdiye “yek sent jî” nedaye Kurdistanê.|rudaw.net/kurmanci 12/2015}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|sant
|sênt
}}

==== Têkilî ====
* {{g|ku|sentî-}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|en|ku|cent}} ji {{ji|fr|ku|cent}} ji {{ji|la|ku|centum}} ([[sed]]) ji peyvek hindûewropî ya ku herwiha serekaniya {{g|ku|sed}} ya kurdî ye.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|sentî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Cent}} {{n}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[分]] (fēn)
* {{Z|ar}}: [[سنت|سنْت]] (sent)
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sentti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cent}} {{n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|cent}} {{n}}
* {{Z|he}}: [[סנט|סֶנְט]] (sint), {{W+|he|מאית}} {{m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cent}}, {{W-|en|a long bit|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[セント]] (sento)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[센트]] (senteu)
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|centas}} {{n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|centavo}} {{n}}, {{W+|es|céntimo}} {{n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|cent|c}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|#Tirkî}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σεντ}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-sent.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-sent.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Assorted-Interests-sent.wav|Deng|dever=New York City, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-sent.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-sent.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|en}}
# ''[[demên borî]] ji''  '''[[send]]'''
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|sv}}
# {{g|ku|dereng}}, {{g|ku|texîr}}
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sv|dereng}}</text>
      <sha1>gzy2t0skmg234274uam1he0c118jzpa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>te'rîb</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30967</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291214</id>
      <parentid>6246068</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291214</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1337" sha1="synd1jwqh3z2ml0mv81zcoglb44xjnf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# [[erebandin|Erebandin]], [[ereb]]kirin, kirin [[ereb]], [[arabîzasyon]].
#: {{nm|ku|Sedam dixwest Kerkûkê '''te'rîb''' bike.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Di nav serkeftinên me da, em dikarin wî jî bilêvbiken, ku ew karesata '''te'rîbkirin''' (erebkirin), bêcîwarkirin, ji cih û war dûrxistin û derxistn, ku sala 1961 destpêkiribû û hêj jî bi xurtî berdewam bû jî, bi dawî hat. Wesa, ku piştê rizgarbûnê xelk dîsa bere bere vedigerin ser axa bab û bapîrên xwe.|Şaxewan Ebas di hevpeyivînekê de li gel Hozanê Bengî, Rizgari.org, 6/2003}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ta'rîb}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|tehrîb}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|te'rîbî
|te'rîbkar
|te'rîbkarî
|te'rîbker
|te'rîbxwaz
|te'rîbxwazî
|te'rîb bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|te'rîb kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|te'rîbbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|te'rîbkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|te'rîbbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|te'rîbkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}: [[te-]] + [[ereb]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|arabisaatio}}, {{W-|fi|arabisointi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|arabisation}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Arabisation}}, {{W+|en|Arabization}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|araplaşma}}, {{W+|tr|arabizasyon}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>synd1jwqh3z2ml0mv81zcoglb44xjnf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>biwêj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30995</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291215</id>
      <parentid>6238616</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291215</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3093" sha1="g7jyk4mdln4ervyodf7onwkckialo28" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-biwêj.wav|Deng|Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|biwêj|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|purîzm|kevnbûyî}} [[şair]]&lt;ref&gt;{{ferhenga kurdî-rûsî|r=124}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Musa Anter|r=25}}&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|sal=1944|nivîskar=Dilbikulê Doskî|sernav=Serbestî|r=27|kovar=Ronahî|hj=26|jêgirtin=Gelê serbest dê behsê bab û bapîr û mêrçak û '''biwêjêt''' (şair) xwe ket û xûnit.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=Çi gava ku mirovek, têkoşer û şoreşgerên kurd bîne ber çavên xwe, bê guman, navê '''biwêj''' (şair) ê mezin Cigerxwin di nav wande wê bê êjmartin.|nivîskar=Hemîd Derwêş|sernav=Pêşgotina Kîme Ez ya Cigerxwîn|sal=1973|rûpel=3}}
# {{f|ku|rêziman}} Çend [[kelîme]]yên [[li gel hev]] yên ku [[mane]]yeke [[xisûsî]] didin, ne maneya her yek ji wan kelîmeyan.
#: {{hevmane|ku|tebîr|fraz|îdyom}}
#: {{nm|ku|&quot;[[emrê Xwedê kirin|Emrê Xwedê kirin]]&quot; '''biwêjek''' e ku wateya &quot;mirin&quot;ê dide.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin={{zim|fr|Locution adverbiale}} — '''biwêja''' rengpîşe|r=164|sernav=Langue Kurde|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/catalogue/detail.php?pirtuk=619|cih=Parîs|nivîskar=Kamiran Alî Bedirxan|çap=2|sal=1965}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بوێژ}}
* {{ku-kr|бьԝеж}}

==== Bikaranîn ====
Maneya 2an ya ''fraz, tebîr'' ji aliyê [[dariştin]]ê ve xelet e.{{eref|nav=Ergun2021}} Bide ber  {{q|ku|bikir|t=ê ku dikirre}}.

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|bêje}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|biwêjî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{neo|ku}}eke {{deyn|ckb|ku|بوێژ&lt;tr:biwêj&gt;&lt;t:şair&gt;}} ye ku {{coinage|ku|Gîw Mukriyanî|nocap=1}}.{{eref|{{kitêb|sal=2024|nivîskar=Zülküf Ergün|sernav=Plandanîna Zimanê Kurdî (Kurmancî-Soranî) di Mînakên Korî Zanyarî Kurd û Enstîtuya Kurdî ya Parîsê da|url=https://acikerisim.dicle.edu.tr/server/api/core/bitstreams/21ff11fc-bab3-4b39-8e49-4649c22f56be/content|r=57}} &quot;dariştina bêjeyan tiştekî asayî dibîne û di nivîsareke xwe da dîyar dike ku bêjeyên “wêje” û “biwêj” ê ji alîyê wî ve hatine dariştin (Hetaw: 1958: 4-5) û bêjeya “kovar” ê jî cara pêşî wan di Zarî Kirmancîyê da dahênaye (G.M., 1958: 23)&quot;}} ji {{qe|ckb|ب&lt;tr:bi-&gt;&lt;crz:pêşgira failî, bide ber {{q+|ku|bikir|t=mişterî}}&gt;|وێژ&lt;tr:-wêj-&gt;&lt;crz:rehê dema niha ya fiîla {{q|ckb|ۋاتەی|tr=watey|t=gotin}}&gt;|nekat=1}}.{{eref|nav=Ergun2021|{{kovar|kovar=Nûbihar Akademî|nivîskar=Zülküf Ergün|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/nubihar/issue/65156/954951|sernav=Çend Kêşeyên Veguhestinê ji Kurdîya Soranî bo Kurdîya Kurmancî|cild=4|hejmar=15|sal=2021|r=40}}}} Bide ber {{q|ku|wêje}}.

Maneya 2an ya ''fraz, tebîr'' ji eynî rehî {{coinage|ku|Kamiran Alî Bedirxan|nocap=1}}.

{{çavkanî-etîm}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|şair}}

{{werger-bnr|tebîr|id=îdyom}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# {{f|ku|Semsûr/Kolik}} {{guharto|ku|bibêje}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>g7jyk4mdln4ervyodf7onwkckialo28</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berfire</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>31835</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291216</id>
      <parentid>6249130</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291216</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3346" sha1="py1waauewt5yy7snmk6mvzdybwv7t9f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berfire}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[fire]] û [[dirêj]]
#: {{nm|ku|Kurdistan welatek '''berfire''' ye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wîkîferheng '''berfiretirîn''' ferhenga zimanê kurdî ye.|ji hemû ferhengên din zêdetir peyv û agadarî tê de hene.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بەرفرە}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|berfere
|berfereh
|berfireh
|berfirhe
|berfre
|berfreh
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berfirehî
|berfiretî
|berfireyî
|berfire bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berfire kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berfirebûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berfirekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berfirebûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berfirekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ber|fire}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|gjerë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|groß}}, {{W-|de|detailiert}}, {{W+|de|weitläufig}}, {{W+|de|weiträumig}}, {{W+|de|bundesweit|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|weitgehend|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|böyuk}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[голям]] ''(goljam)''
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|početný}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|大}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|besar}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|كبير}}, {{W-|ar|أفیح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الرحیب|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الرسیغ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الرسیل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الضاف|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الفاضي|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الفریغ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الفضافضة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|دغفلي|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|زغیف|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|سابغ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|شادح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|غذیمة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|فسیح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مفاضة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مفرسخ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مهرونة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|granda}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|suur}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|وسیع}}, {{W+|fa|گسترده}}, {{W+|fa|فراخ}}, {{W+|fa|جادار}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|laaja}}, {{W+|fi|leveä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|grand}}
* {{Z|ka}}: [[დიდი]] ''(didi)''
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|groot}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|granda}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|large}}, {{W+|en|vast}}, {{W+|en|wide}}, {{W+|en|broad}}, {{W+|en|roundabout}}, {{W+|en|expansive}}, {{W+|en|spacious}}, {{W+|en|extensive}}, {{W+|en|capacious|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|bumper|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wide fame|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|nationwide|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|widespreading|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|mór}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|grande}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|mikill}}, {{W+|is|stór}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[大きい]] ([[おおきい]]) ''(ōkī)''
* {{Z|ko}}: [[큰]] ''(kŭn)''
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|liels}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|didelis}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|nui}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|nagy}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|stor}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|duży}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|grande}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|bāro}}
* [[rohingyayî]]: [[boro]]
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|mare}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[большой]] ''(boľšoj)''
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|veľký}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|velik}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|grande}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kikubwa}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|stor}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[పెద్ద]] (pedda), [[భారీ]] (bhaari)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|geniş}}, {{W+|tr|engin}}, {{W+|tr|bol}}, {{W+|tr|kapsamlı|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|rộng}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|braisg}}, {{W+|cy|mawr}}
* {{Z|el}}: [[μεγάλος]] ''(megálos)''
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>py1waauewt5yy7snmk6mvzdybwv7t9f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32527</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291217</id>
      <parentid>6097214</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291217</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3479" sha1="q3v9kkyxkfcjrbg7bwsqwf6spi3bdoa" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|köl}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mil]], [[şan]], [[pîl]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kolber'''}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|tr|ku|kol}} yan ji {{ji|az|ku|qol}}. Bide ber: [[qol]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بدون شاخ|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|دریوز|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|axel}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|kesik|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|küt|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|boynuzsuz keçi|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# [[kolîn]], [[kolandin]], [[kolan]], &lt;br&gt;[[kûr]]kirina [[der]]ekê bi [[rakirin]]a [[ax]]ê jê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kol bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kol kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kolbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kolkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kolbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kolkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kolan&lt;pos:2&gt;
|kolandin
|kolîn
|-kol
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|kızak}}, {{W|tr|omuz}}, {{W|tr|şiş}}, {{W|tr|yumruk}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[devî]], [[tûm]], [[tiraş]], [[kem]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|az|ku|kol}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|tr|kol|w=[[darik]]}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 4 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# {{guharto|kole}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# bê[[şax]], bê[[qiloç]]
#: {{nm|ku|Bizina '''kol'''.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|fo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|fo|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|rejî}}, {{g|ku|komir}}
#* {{bêmînak|fo}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|fo|rejî}}

== {{ziman|id}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|id|LL-Q9240 (ind)-Xbypass-kol.wav|Deng|dever=Sleman, Îndonezya}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|id}}
# {{g|ku|rejî}}, {{g|ku|komir}}
#* {{bêmînak|id}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|id|rejî}}

== {{ziman|is}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|is|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|rejî}}, {{g|ku|komir}}
#* {{bêmînak|is}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|is|rejî}}

== {{ziman|nb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nb|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|rejî}}, {{g|ku|komir}}
#* {{bêmînak|nb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nb|rejî}}

== {{ziman|nn}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nn|z=nt}}
# {{g|ku|rejî}}, {{g|ku|komir}}
#* {{bêmînak|nn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nn|rejî}}

== {{ziman|so}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|so}}
# {{g|ku|car}}
#* {{bêmînak|so}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|so|car}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===

* {{deng|sv|Sv-kol.ogg|Deng}}
* {{deng|sv|LL-Q9027 (swe)-Moonhouse-kol.wav|Deng|dever=Swêd}}
* {{deng|sv|LL-Q9027 (swe)-Allahverdi Verdizade on a flying visit-kol.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv|z=}}
# [[rejî]], [[komir]]
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-kol.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[bask]], [[mil]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[destik]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[çepil]], [[pîl]], [[çengur]], [[çeng]], [[pî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[gulî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[deştik]], [[mijan]], [[qol]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[destî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[milik]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[beş]], [[war]], [[qism]]
#: {{mk|tr|Müzik '''kolu'''.|Beşa muzîkê.|rêz=1}}
# [[dewriye]], [[qol]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[tip]], [[ekîb]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[mil]]
#: {{mk|tr|Sağ '''kol'''.|Milê rastê.|rêz=1}}
# [[qor]], [[rêz]]
#: {{mk|tr|Yürüyüş '''kolu'''.|Rêza meşê.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>q3v9kkyxkfcjrbg7bwsqwf6spi3bdoa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>asîmîle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32645</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291218</id>
      <parentid>6133466</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291218</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1467" sha1="s0jyea5sufumjvvjmppiqrttkckvcrp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|asîmîle}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bişaftî]], [[helandî]], &lt;br&gt;tiştê ku [[têkil]]î nav tiştek bûye ta ku ew tiştê [[pêşî]] êdî [[xweser]] û wek xwe nemaye
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# kesê yan [[milet]]ê ku [[fêr]]î [[ziman]] û [[çande]]yek din bûye û yên xwe [[ji bîr kirin]]e
#: {{nm|ku|Tirkan gelek kurd '''asîmîle''' kirin.|anku kirine tirk|rêz=1}}

==== Bikaranîn ====
Bi wateya xwe ya [[civakî]] yan [[siyasî]] peyva &quot;asîmîle&quot; bi gelemperî wek peyvek [[ne-erênî]] tê bikaranîn û nîşana wê yekê ye ku kesên asîmîlebûyî bi [[kotek]] û zorê hatine asîmîlekirin. Lê peyvên &quot;[[adapte]]&quot; û &quot;[[entegre]]&quot; bi gelemperî wek [[erênî]] tên bikaranîn û tên wê wateyê ku kesa/ê adaptebûyî yan entegrebûyî bi [[dilxwazî|dilxwaziya]] xwe û ji ber [[pêwîstî|pêwîstiyên]] xwe wisan kiriye.

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|adapte
|entegre
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|asîmîlasyon}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|erebandin
|farisandin
|tirkandin
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|asîmîle bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|asîmîle kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|asîmîlebûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|asîmîlekirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|asîmîlebûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|asîmîlekirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|asîmîlekar
|asîmîlekarî
|asîmîleker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fr|ku|assimiler|w=kirin mîna hev}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>s0jyea5sufumjvvjmppiqrttkckvcrp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kirde</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32750</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291219</id>
      <parentid>6238612</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291219</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2709" sha1="kgqupjazry6k7ku3ig61a6j597ooeyl" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kirde|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{k-ya nerm}}
# Tiştê ku hatiye kirin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|emel}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Celadet Alî Bedirxan/HAWAR Cild 2 Hejmar 24-57 (1934-1943)/1998|hejmar=43|sal=1942|sernav=Rewşa Dinyayê|nivîskar={{w|Celadet Alî Bedirxan|Nêrevan}}|r=999}}|jg=Bi vê guhartine, bêşik hikûmeta Vîşiyê, bêtir nîzingi li elemanan kiriye. Lê ji vê nîzingbûnê hêj tu '''kirde''' ne hate der.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=Ew klîşa wê Jandarka çeleng û dilhesin û gurçikpola û '''kirdeyên''' xebata wê ne jibo dilgermî û nav têdanek ji gelê me û bîraniyek ji neyarê Fransa re ye?|kovar=Roja Nû|hj=33|sal=1944|r=1|sernav=Diyarê Stêrê|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=Van '''kirde''' û van gotin&lt;br&gt;Ku Ji her der dihatin&lt;br&gt;Dilê Kurdan dikir xurtir,&lt;br&gt;Serê wan hîn blintir.|r=34|sernav=Şerê Azadî|nivîskar={{w|Nûredîn Zaza|Çîroknivîs}}|sal=1964}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Mirina Kalekî Rind/1987|r=73}}|jg=Cîhaneke wisan ku li wê derê peyv û şixul, qise û '''kirde''' hevûdu temam dikin û wekhev în.}}
# {{f|ku|rêziman}} Kesê yan tiştê ku tiştekî dike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|fail|subje|kirar}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di cimleya &quot;Ew nanî dixwe.&quot; de &quot;ew&quot; '''kirde''' ye, &quot;nanî&quot; obje e û &quot;dixwe&quot; fiîl e.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|sernav=Xwendina Kurdî|nivîskar={{w|Kamiran Alî Bedirxan|Dr. Kamiran Alî Bedir-xan}}|weşanxane=Çapxana Tereqi|cih=Şam|sal=1938|r=73|jêgirtin=Di hevoka jorîn de (Temo çû) herwekî gotin li ser Temo ye em zû dizanin ko '''kirdeyê''' vê hevokê (Temo) ye û (çû) pêwera wî ye ji ber ko kirina Temo şanî me dide.}}

==== Bikaranîn ====
Manaya 2an a &quot;fail, subje&quot; ji aliyê [[dariştin]] û manayê ve xelet e.{{eref|nav=Ergun2021}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|کردە|t=karên kirî}},{{eref|nav=Ergun2021|{{kovar|kovar=Nûbihar Akademî|nivîskar=Zülküf Ergün|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/nubihar/issue/65156/954951|sernav=Çend Kêşeyên Veguhestinê ji Kurdîya Soranî bo Kurdîya Kurmancî|cild=4|hejmar=15|sal=2021|r=18}}}} {{neo|ckb|hûr=1|nekat=1}} ji {{qe|ckb|کرد&lt;crz:rehê dema borî ji {{q|ckb|کردن|t=kirin}}&gt;|ە&lt;t:-e&gt;|nekat=1}}.

Manaya 2an a &quot;fail, subje&quot; ji eynî rehî {{coinage|ku|Kamiran Alî Bedirxan|nocap=1}} ku ji aliyê [[dariştin]] û manayê ve xelet e.{{eref|nav=Ergun2021}}

{{çavkanî-etîm}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|tiştê hatiye kirin|emel}}
{{werger-bnr|fail}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# nanekî ku ji ardê gilgilan tê çêkirin
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>kgqupjazry6k7ku3ig61a6j597ooeyl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kirar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32751</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291220</id>
      <parentid>6249145</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:15:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291220</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1344" sha1="2e78n310kh1j5pompwelon5vij4y3ii" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# {{f|ku|rêziman}} Kesê yan tiştê ku tiştekî dike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|subje|kirde|fail}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di hevoka &quot;Ew nanî dixwe.&quot; de &quot;ew&quot; '''kirar''' e, &quot;nanî&quot; [[bireser]] e û &quot;dixwe&quot; lêker e.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|kiryar}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha farsî ''kirdar''. Ji winda bûna tîpa D di nava peyvên farsî de binihêre gendum &gt; [[genim]], dîdar &gt; [[dîyar]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Subjekt|n}}, {{W|de|Verbum|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|grundled|n}}, {{W|da|subjekt|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|subyek}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[فاعل]] (fa'il)
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آدم کاری}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|subjekti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|sujet|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|onderwerp|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[subject]] ([[grammar]]), {{W+|en|biker}}, {{W+|en|performer}}, {{W+|en|verb}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|frumlag|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|主語|tr=[[しゅご]], shugo}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[주어]] (ju-eo)
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|podmiot|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|sujeito|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[предмет]] (predmét)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|subjekat|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|sujeto|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|subjekt}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[కర్త]] (karta)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fail}}, {{W+|tr|özne}}, {{W+|tr|süje}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2e78n310kh1j5pompwelon5vij4y3ii</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fail</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32752</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291221</id>
      <parentid>6262887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291221</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2257" sha1="61q8qitqx14xabkw9vozk7rnmr4ohk1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê ku tiştekî dike yan tiştek [[kirin|kiriye]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|biker}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Ey bed'emelo tu qenc dizanî&lt;br /&gt;Tu qa'il û '''fa'il''' û xwidan î&lt;br /&gt;Ney bûm di 'alema nepestan}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{f|ku|rêziman}} Kes yan tiştê ku tiştekî [[kirin|dike]]. 
#: {{hevmane|ku|kirde|subje|kirar|sûje}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di hevoka &quot;Ew nanî dixwe.&quot; de &quot;ew&quot; kirar e, &quot;nanî&quot; [[bireser]] e û &quot;dixwe&quot; lêker e.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|faîl}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
ji {{ji|ar|ku|فاعل}} (fa'il), [[hevreh]]a aramî [[ܦܥܠܐ]] (pa'la), îbrî [[פועל]] (po'êl). Ji eynî rehî: [[fiil]], [[fêl]], [[fêr]]

==== Werger ====
'''di rêzimanê de'''
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Subjekt|n}}, {{W|de|Täter|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Urheber|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|grundled|n}}, {{W|da|subjekt|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|subyek}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[فاعل]] (fa'il)
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مرتکب}}, {{W+|fa|عامل}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|subjekti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|sujet|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|onderwerp|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[subject]] ([[grammar]]), {{W+|en|performer}}, {{W|en|doer|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|frumlag|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|主語|tr=[[しゅご]], shugo}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[주어]] (ju-eo)
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|podmiot|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|sujeito|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[предмет]] (predmét)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|subjekat|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|sujeto|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|subjekt}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[కర్త]] (karta)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|işlemci}}, {{W+|tr|kirde}}, {{W+|tr|süje}}, {{W+|tr|fail}}, {{W|tr|faul|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-fail.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-fail.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-fail.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|en}}
# [[têk çûn]], [[bi ser ketin|bi ser neketin]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[kiryar]], [[kirde]], [[kirar]], [[kirox]], fail
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[kirdar]], [[kirok]], [[qisas]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[kirar]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>61q8qitqx14xabkw9vozk7rnmr4ohk1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sirgûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32810</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291222</id>
      <parentid>6248915</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291222</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3643" sha1="mucwa380ssghqpump3rd2nxwz8fonmo" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|sir|gûn}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sirgûn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[cih|Cih]]ê ku ne [[war]] û [[welat]]ê mirovî bi xwe ye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|xerîbî|xurbet|mişextî|awaretî|derbiderî|biyanistan|dûrwelatî|koçberî|penaberî|diyaspora}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek kurd li '''sirgûnê''' dijîn.|li dûrî yan derveyî Kurdistanê|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Gelekan ji wan zû de hevdu nedîtibûn, loma wan li kar û mijûliyên hev dipirsîn, guhertinên ku di wan de bûbûn meraq dikirin, gazin ji jiyana '''sirgûnê''' û têkiliyên sar ên ku berhemên jiyana sirgûnê ne dikirin. Heta ku hebekî xilbexilba wan kêm bû min ji wan daxwaz kir ku ew rabin û ji xwe re xwarinê bînin.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Payiza Dereng|weşanxane={{w|Avesta}}|sal=2014|r=16}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سرگوون}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|sergom}}
* {{g|ku|sirgom}}
* {{g|ku|sirgun}}
* {{g|ku|surgun}}
* {{g|ku|surgûn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|sirgûn bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sirgûn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sirgûnbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sirgûnkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sirgûnbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sirgûnkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sirgûnî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|tr|ku|sürgün}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|syrgjyni|n}}, {{W-|sq|internimi|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Exil|nt}}
* {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arc|גלותא|m}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|exiliu|n}}, {{W-|ast|estierru|n}}, {{W-|ast|destierru|n}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|sürgün}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һөргөн}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|изгнание|nt}}, {{W+|bg|заточение|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|vyhnanství|nt}}, {{W+|cs|exil|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|流亡|tr=liúwáng}}, {{W+|cmn|放逐|tr=fàngzhú}}, {{W+|cmn|流放|tr=liúfàng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|eksil|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|pengasingan}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|نَفْي}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|աքսոր}}, {{W+|hy|աքսորում}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|maanpako}}, {{W+|fi|maanpakolaisuus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|exil|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|exilio|n}}, {{W-|gl|desterro|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გაძევება}}, {{W-|ka|განდევნა}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|निर्वासन}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|ballingschap|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|גלות|tr=galút}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|wræc|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|exile}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|deoraíocht|m}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|esilio|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|亡命|tr=ぼうめい, bōmei}}, {{W+|ja|追放|tr=ついほう, tsuihō}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|exili|n}}, {{W-|ca|bandejament|n}}, {{W-|ca|desterrament|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|exsilium|nt}}, {{W-|la|ablēgātiō|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|trimda|m}}, {{W-|lv|izraidījums|n}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|eżilju|n}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|joarreeaght|m}}, {{W-|gv|joarreeys|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|whakapakotanga}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|száműzés}}, {{W+|hu|száműzetés}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|eksil|nt}}, {{W-|nb|utlendighet|n|m}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|eksil|nt}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|exili|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wygnanie|nt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|exílio|n}}, {{W+|pt|desterro|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|exil|nt}}, {{W+|ro|exilare|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ссы́лка|m}}, {{W+|ru|изгна́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|izgnànstvo|nt}}, {{W+|sh|prògōnstvo|nt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|exilio|n}}, {{W+|es|destierro|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|exil|g}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sürgün}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|xil}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|alltudiaeth|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|εξορία|m}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ἐξορία|m}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>mucwa380ssghqpump3rd2nxwz8fonmo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sergom</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32811</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291223</id>
      <parentid>6098595</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291223</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="233" sha1="jkw4q7s1t2n8yj3vfgul2d5vb1ik4ol" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sergom|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|sirgûn}}
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek kurd li '''sergomê''' dijîn.|li dûrî yan derveyî Kurdistanê|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>jkw4q7s1t2n8yj3vfgul2d5vb1ik4ol</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kufrî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32880</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291224</id>
      <parentid>6254179</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291224</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1255" sha1="29cvk1shv9z5zi1g4dlx2y87gd4umzx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kufrî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bêîmanî]], [[bêdînî]], [[bêolî]], [[bawer]]nekirina ji [[xwedê]] û [[dîn]]î
#: {{nm|ku|Ew kesê '''kufriyan''' dike, naçê biheştê.}}
# [[çêr]], [[xeber]], [[dijûn]], [[sixêf]], [[zêf]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Di têkil zulmet û nûr tê&lt;/br&gt;Me '''kufrî''' dî di îmanê&lt;/br&gt;Me '''kufrî''' dî di islam bê}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|كوفری}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kifrî}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|Kifrî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kufrî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kufrîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kufrîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar}}, têkildarî [[kafir]], [[kufir]], [[kufristan]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Fluch}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Schimpfwort}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإلحاد|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|curse word}}, {{W|en|cuss}}, {{W|en|dirty word}}, {{W|en|expletive}}, {{W|en|swear word}}, {{W|en|blasphemous}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|küfür}}, {{W|tr|sövgü}}, {{W|tr|sövme}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>29cvk1shv9z5zi1g4dlx2y87gd4umzx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>redakte</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32930</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291225</id>
      <parentid>6286717</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291225</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1958" sha1="sxlpdyauha9ep530ijcf7czmyodm9r1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|redakte}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[nivîs|Nivîs]]a [[sererast]]kirî.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Redakte''' kirin.|nivîs sererast kirin, şaşî û kêmasiyên wê jê rakirin|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Weşanxaneya Îthakî ji min tika kir, di sala 2005an de, min sê romanên Uzun redekte kirin. &quot;Mirina Kalekî Rind&quot;, &quot;Siya Evînê&quot; û &quot;Tu&quot;. Yanî min her sê roman kite bi kite xwendin. Nabêjim ku hema çend peyvên hevedudanî Uzun li ferhenga kurdî zêde nekirine. Lê ger bîra min baş be û zindî be; bi gumana min hejmara wan peyvên ku beriya Uzun min ew nedîtibin nagihîje deh peyvan.|Hasan Kaya di Netkurd.com de, 2/2007}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|redekte}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|redaksiyon
|redaktor
|redaktorî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|redakte kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|redaktekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|redaktekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
'''redakte kirin''':
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|bearbeiten}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|editovat}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|编辑}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|rediger}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ŝanĝi}}, {{W-|eo|modifi}}, {{W+|eo|adapti}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|muokata}}, {{W+|fi|muuttaa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|modifier}}, {{W+|fr|corriger}}, {{W+|fr|rediger}}, {{W+|fr|éditer}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bewerken}}, {{W+|nl|wijzigen}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|redaktar}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|edit}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|redigere}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[編集する]] (henshuusuru)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[편집]] (peoyn-jyb: etym. [[Hanja]])
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szerkeszt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|editar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|editare|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|изменять}}, {{W+|ru|править}}, {{W+|ru|редактировать}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|zmeniť}}, {{W-|sk|editovať}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|editar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|redigera}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>sxlpdyauha9ep530ijcf7czmyodm9r1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>guhdarî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33322</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291226</id>
      <parentid>6242869</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291226</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1764" sha1="s5wewz4ga3lqj4ueolr4zj1gw7gxwnq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|guhdarî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[guhdan|Guhdan]], [[seh]]kirina bi [[guh]]an.
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''guhdariya''' muzîkê dikim.|Ez guh didim muzîkê.|rêz=1}}
# [[îtaet|Îtaet]], [[binemrî]], [[tevgerrîn]]a li gor [[şîret]]ên yan [[ferman]]ên kesekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''guhdariya''' dêbavên xwe nake.|Ew bi gotina dê û bavê xwe nake.|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Anîne ser hîdayetê&lt;/br&gt;Her çî li Şêx '''guhdarî''' bû&lt;/br&gt;Axret bi wî ra yarî bû}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گوهـداری}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|guhdarîtî}}
* {{g|ku|guhdartî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|guhdarî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|guhdarîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|guhdarîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|guhdar|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Berücksichtigung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Gehorsamkeit|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|استماع}}, {{W+|ar|احترام}}, {{W+|ar|طاعة}}, {{W|ar|الأخذ بعين الاعتبار}}, {{W|ar|الإطاعة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|القاه|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الماعون|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المطاوعة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شنوایی}}, {{W+|fa|شنیدار}}, {{W+|fa|توجه}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|kuunteleminen}}, {{W|fi|noudattaminen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|compliance}}, {{W+|en|consideration}}, {{W+|en|obedience}}, {{W+|en|auditory|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fealty|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|heed|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|listening|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|obey|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dikkat}}, {{W+|tr|dinleme}}, {{W+|tr|dinleyicilik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>s5wewz4ga3lqj4ueolr4zj1gw7gxwnq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tehn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33403</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291227</id>
      <parentid>6288335</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291227</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1329" sha1="13jquj2lt1606x2nk2ryuau6lvh0r89" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tehn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[îma|Îma]], [[galte]], [[tirrane]], [[tinazî]], [[qeşmerî]], [[pêkenî]], [[pêkenok]], [[qerf]], [[henek]], [[yarî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ji '''tehn''' ve gotin.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[laqirdî]], [[yarî]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|tahin}}
* {{g|ku|tahn}}
* {{g|ku|tehin}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tehnî
|tehnok
|tehn dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tehn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tehndan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tehnkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|pehn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Spott}}, {{W-|de|Spötterei}}, {{W-|de|üble Nachrede}}, {{W+|de|spöttisch}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|النزغة}}, {{W-|ar|تهكم}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تهمت}}, {{W+|fa|طعنه}}, {{W-|fa|حرف دردآور}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|barb}}, {{W+|en|sarcasm}}, {{W+|en|reprehension}}, {{W+|en|reproach}}, {{W+|en|reproof}}, {{W+|en|taunting|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dürtü}}, {{W+|tr|iç tepi}}, {{W+|tr|itekleme}}, {{W+|tr|itiş}}, {{W+|tr|itki}}, {{W+|tr|itme}}, {{W-|tr|iğneleyici söz}}, {{W+|tr|tepi}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|yua}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|yua}}
# [[ez#ku|ez]] (wek [[biker]])
#* {{bênimûne|yua}}</text>
      <sha1>13jquj2lt1606x2nk2ryuau6lvh0r89</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bedil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33447</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291228</id>
      <parentid>6277934</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291228</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1517" sha1="2y3dkw8uogwh5dk0lpawxcvzj02v2jk" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[veguhastin]], [[pevguherandin]], dan bi hev, tiştek dan da ku tiştek din pê [[wergirtin|wergire]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[taxim]] cil û bergan
#: {{nm|ku|min ji xwe re bo zavaniyê '''bedilek''' kinc kirîn}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bedl}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|bedel
|bedêl
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|bedir
|bedle
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bedil bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bedil kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bedilbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bedilkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bedilbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bedilkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bedilî
|bedilker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|لباس کهنه}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kat}}, {{W+|tr|kostüm}}, {{W+|tr|takım}}, {{W+|tr|takım elbise}}, {{W+|tr|dolunay}}, {{W+|tr|kapama}}, {{W+|tr|gece yarısı}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza}}
# cilên ser wergirtinê ku jêr û jorê wan yek bin &lt;ref&gt;http: //www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|ms}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ms}}
# {{f|ms|çek}} {{g|ku|top}}
#* {{bênimûne|ms}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ms|top}}

== {{ziman|su}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|su}}
# {{f|su|çek}} {{g|ku|tifek}}
#* {{bênimûne|su}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|su|tifek}}</text>
      <sha1>2y3dkw8uogwh5dk0lpawxcvzj02v2jk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gurz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34108</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291229</id>
      <parentid>6096833</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291229</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3652" sha1="41xet3p695ldb0jepi744dp57kqjz81" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Mace IMG 3823.jpg|thumb|'''gurz''' (çek) (1)]]
[[Wêne:Wheat field in shocks, Hale Township.jpg|thumb|'''gurzê''' dexlî]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|çek}} [[çek]]ek e (li [[wêne]]yê [[binere]])
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[qeft]], [[baq]], [[deste]], &lt;br&gt;[[kom]]ek [[darik]]ên yan [[gul]]ên [[pêçandî]] yên [[bi hev re]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Gurzek''' gulan da dest min.}}
# [[qeft]], [[baq]], [[deste]], &lt;br&gt;[[kom]]a [[las]]ên giyayî ne ke ku hatine [[pêçandin]] da ku bi [[hêsan]]î bêne rakirin û birin bo [[alif]]kirina [[dewar]] û [[pez]]î di [[meh]]ên [[zivistan]]ê de
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Dem; wê dema ku tu û her kesekî dîtir baş nas dike bê çawa [[kulm]]a guvaştî ya [[bajar]]ên toz û tirabêlkê bi awayekî hûrhêra dadiweşe, kir ku Selo sengeletiya xwe bitehmije, [[xama]]ya köpoğlunungızıya malika Ecem î dercînar di nava '''gurzên''' [[lod]]a gîhê de bigevizîne.|''Çavdêriyên Barbarekî'', [[w:Kawa Nemir|Kawa Nemir]], rp.21}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|گورز}}

==== Pîrepend ====
* ''him diz e, him bi '''gurz''' e''

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gurzavêj
|gurzavêjî
|gurzdar
|gurzî
|gurzweşîn
|gurz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gurzkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gurzkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|iir-pro|ku|*wecre-}}, [[hevreh]]a farisî {{g|fa|گرز|tr=gorz}}, pehlewî ''verz / vezr'', avestayî ''vezre-'', sanskrîtî [[वज्र]] (vejre). [[gürz|Gürz]] ya tirkî û [[վարզ]] (verz) ya ermenî ji zimanên îranî hatine wergirtin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|çek|1}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Eisenkeule}}, {{W|de|Bündel}} {{nt}}, {{W|de|Streitkolben}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Strauß}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Flegel|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|palcát}} {{n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|gada}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|سلاح}}, {{W|ar|الجرزة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الحزمة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الربطة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الرزمة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|գուրզ|tr=gurz}}, {{W|hy|լախտ|tr=laxt}}
*: {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بسته بندی گندم}}, {{W|fa|گرز}}, {{W|fa|گرز|xs=Persian}}, {{W|fa|بافه|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|بسته علوفه|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|بقچه|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|پوست جوز|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|rautanuija}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|masse}} {{m}}, {{W|fr|masse d'arme}} {{m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|strijdknots}} {{n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|אלה}} {{m}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[mace]] (weaponry), {{W|en|knob}}, {{W|en|knop}}, {{W|en|battle ax}}, {{W|en|war club}}, {{W|en|cudgel|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|pouch|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shillelagh|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|truncheon|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|bundle|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|mazza}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[メイス]] (meisu)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|clava ferrea}} {{m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|buožė}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W|mk|боздоган|tr=bózdogan}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|cokmar}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|buzogány}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W|ne|गढ}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|buzdygan}} {{n}}, {{W|pl|maczuga}} {{m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|maça}} {{m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|булава|tr=bulavá}} {{m}}, {{W|ru|палица|tr=pálica}} {{m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
:: Kirîlî: {{W|sh|буздован|m|cuda=буздо̀ва̄н}}
:: Roman: {{W|sh|buzdovan|m|cuda=buzdòvān}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|maza}} {{m}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W|su|gegendir}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bağlam}}, {{W|tr|demet}}, {{W|tr|gürz}}, {{W|tr|halaç tokacı}}, {{W|tr|külte}}, {{W|tr|ot bağı}}, {{W|tr|topuz}}, {{W|tr|bağ|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kelep|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>41xet3p695ldb0jepi744dp57kqjz81</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>-daner</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34496</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291230</id>
      <parentid>6133718</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Paşgir */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291230</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="295" sha1="ggad1vpa2k8xmd0e26heeagl93jsg27" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Paşgir ===
{{paşgir|ku}}
# [[daner|Daner]]ê/a yan [[damezrîner]]ê/a tiştekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ferhengdaner, rêzimandaner, romandaner}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
* [[daner]]

==== Jê ====
* [[-danerî]]
* [[-danerîtî]]
* [[-danertî]]</text>
      <sha1>ggad1vpa2k8xmd0e26heeagl93jsg27</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>prose</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34579</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291231</id>
      <parentid>6263586</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291231</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1536" sha1="ffzb9d6zawj7lxh3dahvn0km213sy5f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|prose|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xelek|Xelek]]ek [[kirin]]an yan [[qewimîn]]an [[ta]] ku dibe [[netîce]]yek.
#: {{hevmane|ku|pêvajo|doman|derax|demajo|vetîre}}
#: {{nm|ku|Fêrbûna xwendinê '''proseyek''' dirêj e.|Heta ku mirov hînî xwendinê bibe, divê gelek tişt bên kirin yan biqewimin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Proseya''' avakirina dewletê dirêj e.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|proses}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Deyn ji {{deyn|en|ku|process}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|proseyî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Prozess|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عملية}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|tapahtumakulku}}, {{W+|fi|prosessi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|recette}}, {{W+|fr|processus|m}}, {{W-|fr|procedé}}, {{W+|fr|proceder}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bewerken}}, {{W+|nl|bewerking}}, {{W+|nl|ontwikkelingsgang}}, {{W+|nl|proces}}, {{W+|nl|verloop}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|recepto}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|process}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|azione}}, {{W+|it|operazione}}, {{W+|it|processo}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|proceder}}, {{W+|pt|procedimento}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|proceso|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|process}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[విధానం]] (vidhaanaM)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|proses}}, {{W+|tr|süreç}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el| διεργασία}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-prose.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[pexşan]], [[nesir]], [[proza]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}</text>
      <sha1>ffzb9d6zawj7lxh3dahvn0km213sy5f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mirûz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34805</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291232</id>
      <parentid>6284717</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291232</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2480" sha1="jif3ulgk1rl2ml93lolbbk0n6qx4vtr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mad]], [[gêwl]], [[rû]], [[dêm]], [[serûçav]], [[ser û sîma]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Mirûzê''' wî îro ne xweş e.|Rûyê wî îro tal e. Îro ew ne bi kêf e.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Weko êvarê paşa tête heramseraye, dibine ku xanim bi '''mirûz''' e. Pirs diketin ku te çi ye, ji boyê çi bêkêf i?|nivîskar=Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî|sernav=Cami’eya Riseleyan û Hikayetan Bi Zimanê Kurmancî|cîh=Stembol|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Lîs|Lîs}}|sal=2010|çap=1|rûpel=71|isbn=978-605-5683-27-6}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Tu dibêjî qey mad û '''miruzê''' wî bi destê wênesazê malê Kenan Evren ve hatiye xêz kirin.|Evdile Koçer: Taya faşîzmê û deh kurên pîrê, nefel.com, 3/2007}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[meyl]], [[bij]], [[mijaj]], [[arezû]], [[îşteh]], [[mereq]], [[dilxwazî]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مرووز}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|miruz
|murûz
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|miraz}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mirûz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mirûzkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mirûzhişk&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mirûzkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mirûzdayî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêmirûz
|bêmirûzî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Geisch}}, {{W|de|Moral|f}}, {{W|de|Seelenzustand}}, {{W|de|Gesichtsfarbe|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|مزاج}},{{W+|ar|ملامح الوجه}},{{W+|ar|سيماء}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سیما}}, {{W+|fa|چهره}}, {{W+|fa|رخسار}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|countenance}}, {{W|en|appearance}}, {{W+|en|tedium|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|chapfallen|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|desolate|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|dumpish|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|glum|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|morose|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|saturnine|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sententious|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sepulchral|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|spiritless|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|spleenful|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|tedious|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|triste|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|vapid|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|vinegarish|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|weariful|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|wistful|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|woebegone|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|woe-begone|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çatkınlık}}, {{W+|tr|surat}}, {{W+|tr|yüz ifadesi}}, {{W+|tr|moral}}, {{W+|tr|asık yüz}}, {{W+|tr|çehre}}, {{W|tr|beniz|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|beti|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|figür|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jif3ulgk1rl2ml93lolbbk0n6qx4vtr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qayde</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35076</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291233</id>
      <parentid>6263212</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291233</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1976" sha1="q381myblplkuo1ltet868c2gjrmr9ju" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# Prensîba ko binyata hunerek, zanistek, fikrek an jî lebatekê ye, [[nîzam]], rêzik.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Qaydeyên''' rêzimanê.}}
# [[regez|Regez]], [[qeyd]], [[bend]], [[rêgez]], [[rêbaz]], [[qanûn]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|qeyde}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qaydeperest
|qayde bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qayde kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qaydebûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qaydekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qaydebûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qaydekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|قَاعِدَة}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Bestimmung}} {{m}}, {{W-|de|Lehrsätze}}, {{W+|de|Maßregel}}, {{W+|de|Regel}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Grundlage}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Grundsatz}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Fundament|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Fuß|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Fuss|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Kriterium|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Postament|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Prinzip|m|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Richtlinie|f|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|Stütz|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Vorschrift|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|قاعدة}}, {{W+|ar|قانون}}, {{W+|ar|نظام}}, {{W+|ar|عرف}}, {{W-|ar|مبدأ}}, {{W+|ar|أساس}}, {{W-|ar|مناسب}}, {{W-|ar|ملائم}}, {{W-|ar|لائق}}, {{W-|ar|مستحسن}}, {{W+|ar|تشريع}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|به سبک}}, {{W-|fa|ترانه سنتی}}, {{W+|fa|عقیده|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|قاعده|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|suitable}}, {{W+|en|regulation}}, {{W+|en|rule}}, {{W+|en|base}}, {{W+|en|standard}}, {{W+|en|law}}, {{W+|en|formfitting|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kaide}}, {{W+|tr|makam}}, {{W+|tr|usul}}, {{W+|tr|kural}}, {{W+|tr|taban|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|yasa|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[guncaw|Guncaw]], [[minasib]], [[bikêrhatî]], li gor [[qeyd]] û [[regez]]an [[dirist]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>q381myblplkuo1ltet868c2gjrmr9ju</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêber</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35093</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291234</id>
      <parentid>6235295</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291234</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1481" sha1="f9sgi77zi9ajppdhzj3kjg1nog3qgrn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|bêber}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tiştê ku [[ber]] nîne yan ber nade; bê [[berhem]], bê [[zarok]], ne [[berhemdar]], [[neberdar]].
#: {{nm|ku|Darên me ev sal di '''bêber''' bûn.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Xanima birayê min '''bêber''' e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بێبەر}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêber bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêber kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêberbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêberkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêberbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêberkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêberî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bê-|ber}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|fruchtlos}}, {{W+|de|nutzlos}}, {{W+|de|unfruchtbar}}, {{W-|de|unproduktiv}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|غير فعال}}, {{W-|ar|بلا جدوى }}, {{W-|ar|غير مجدي}}, {{W-|ar|بلا أثر}}, {{W-|ar|عديم الفائدة}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ineffective}}, {{W+|en|pointless}}, {{W+|en|unavailing}}, {{W+|en|useless}}, {{W+|en|futile}}, {{W+|en|infertile}}, {{W+|en|fruitless}}, {{W+|en|unproductive|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|acarpous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|frontless|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fruitless|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|infertile|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|stoneless|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|akim}}, {{W+|tr|ensiz}}, {{W+|tr|meyvesiz}}, {{W+|tr|steril}}, {{W+|tr|taşsız}}, {{W+|tr|ürünsüz}}, {{W+|tr|verimsiz}}, {{W-|tr|randımansız|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|semeresiz|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>f9sgi77zi9ajppdhzj3kjg1nog3qgrn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>şênî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35108</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291235</id>
      <parentid>6232133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291235</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6615" sha1="pzfmm1linl4k7jcjkq9xf2x3aombey1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|şê|nî}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|şênî|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê ku [[mal]]a wî li [[der]]ekê ye.
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin= Li parîsê,...li dora xwe dinere, ew '''şênîyên''' hemû welatan dibîne.|nivîskar=Fawaz Husên|sernav=Havîna Feremerzê Hejarî li Parîsê|cîh=Stenbol|weşanxane={{w|Avesta}}|sal=2025|çap=1|rûpel=40|isbn=978-625-5535-40-5}}
#: {{hevmane|ku|niştecih|rûniştvan|dêman|daniştvan}}
#: {{mk|ku|Ez '''şêniyê''' [[Dihok]]ê me.|Mala min li Dihokê ye.|birêz=1}}
#: {{mk|ku|Ev pênc sal e ku ew '''şêniya''' Spanyayê ye.|Mala wê li Spanyayê ye.|birêz=1}}
# Hemû mirovên ku li [[welat]]ekî yan [[bajar]]ekî yan [[gund]]ekî [[jîn|dijîn]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|gelhe|nifûs}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hejmara '''şêniyên''' vî welatî 20 milyon e.}}

==== Bide ====
* {{g|ku|şînî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{hv|hy|շէն|w=avahî u gund}} + {{q|ku|-î}}, ya pêşîn hevreh bi {{q|ku|şûn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|banor|n}}
* {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|Eiwuhner|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Einwohner|n}}, {{W+|de|Einwohnerin|m}}, {{W+|de|Bewohner|n}}, {{W+|de|Bewohnerin|m}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|habitant|n}}, {{W-|an|habitanta|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|sakin}}, {{W-|az|əhl}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|biztanle}}, {{W-|eu|bizilagun}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|жыха́р|n}}, {{W-|be|жыха́рка|m}}, {{W-|be|насе́льнік|n}}, {{W-|be|насе́льніца|m}}, {{W-|be|жы́цель|n}}, {{W-|be|жы́целька|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বাসিন্দা}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|жи́тел|n}}, {{W-|bg|жи́телка|m}}, {{W+|bg|обита́тел|n}}, {{W-|bg|обита́телка|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|obyvatel|n}}, {{W+|cs|obyvatelka|m}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎡᎯ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|居民|tr=jūmín}}, {{W+|cmn|居住者|tr=jūzhùzhě}}
* {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|нымытваԓьын|tr=nymytvaḷʹyn}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|indbygger|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|pemukim}}, {{W+|id|penduduk}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|سَاكِن|n}}, {{W-|ar|سَاكِنَة|m}}, {{W-|ar|سُكَّان|p}}, {{W-|ar|أَهْل}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|ساكن|n|tr=sākin}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|բնակիչ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|loĝanto}}, {{W-|eo|loĝantino}}, {{W-|eo|enloĝanto}}, {{W-|eo|enloĝantino}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|asukas}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ساکن|tr=sâken}}, {{W+|fa|مقیم|tr=moqim}}, {{W+|fa|اهل|tr=ahl}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|íbúgvi|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|asukas}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|habitant|n}}, {{W+|fr|habitante|m}}, {{W+|fr|résident|n}}, {{W+|fr|résidente|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|habitante|n|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მაცხოვრებელი}}, {{W-|ka|მკვიდრი}}, {{W-|ka|მცხოვრები}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|निवासी|n}}, {{W-|hi|रहनेवाला|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bewoner|n}}, {{W+|nl|bewoonster|m}}, {{W+|nl|inwoner|n}}, {{W+|nl|inwoonster|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|תושב|n|tr=tosháv|cuda=תושב \ תּוֹשָׁב}}, {{W+|he|תושבת|m|tr=toshévet|cuda=תּוֹשֶׁבֶת \ תושבת}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|habitanto}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|būend|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|dweller}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|inhabitant}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|asunikka}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|áitreabhach|n}}, {{W-|ga|áitreabhthóir|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|abitante|n|m}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|íbúi|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|居住者|tr=きょじゅうしゃ, kyojūsha}}, {{W+|ja|住民|tr=じゅうみん, jūmin}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|habitant|n|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|тургун}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|mũikari|c1}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|주민}}, {{W+|ko|거주자}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|cultor|n}}, {{W-|la|cultrīx|m}}, {{W+|la|incola|n|m}}, {{W-|la|habitātor|n}}, {{W-|la|habitātrīx|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|iedzīvotājs|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|gyventojas|n}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|jelānikā}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Awunner|n}}, {{W-|lb|Awunnerin|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|жител|n}}, {{W-|mk|жителка|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|penghuni}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kainoho}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|lakos}}, {{W+|hu|lakó}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|суугч}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|innbygger|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|innbyggar|n}}, {{W-|nn|innbyggjar|n}}, {{W-|nn|ibuar|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|abitant|n}}, {{W+|oc|abitanta|m}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yashovchi}}, {{W+|uz|turuvchi}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Bewona|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mieszkaniec|n}}, {{W+|pl|mieszkanka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|habitante|n|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਵਸਨੀਕ|n}}, {{W-|pa|ਬਾਸ਼ਿੰਦਾ|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|тұрғын}}, {{W-|kk|мекендеуші}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|locuitor|n}}, {{W+|ro|locuitoare|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|жи́тель|n}}, {{W+|ru|жи́тельница|m}}, {{W+|ru|обита́тель|n}}, {{W+|ru|обита́тельница|m}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|lumulupyo}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|стано̀внӣк|n}}, {{W-|sh|стано̀вница|m}}, {{W-|sh|жи́тељ|n}}, {{W-|sh|житељка|m}}, {{W-|sh|жи́тељица|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|stanòvnīk|n}}, {{W+|sh|stanòvnica|m}}, {{W+|sh|žítelj|n}}, {{W-|sh|žiteljka|m}}, {{W+|sh|žíteljica|m}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|indwaller}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|жител҄ь|n}}, {{W-|cu|жителинъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|obyvateľ|n}}, {{W-|sk|obyvateľka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|prebivalec|n}}, {{W-|sl|prebivalka|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|habitante|n|m}}, {{W+|es|residente|n|m}}, {{W+|es|lugareño|n}}, {{W+|es|lugareña|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mwenyeji|c1|c2}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|invånare|g}}, {{W+|sv|inbyggare|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|сокин}}, {{W-|tg|аҳл}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พลเมือง}}, {{W+|th|พสกนิกร}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|నివాసి}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|durgun}}, {{W+|tr|sakin}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|ýaşaýjysy}}
* {{Z|kim}}: {{W-|kim|черлеғші|tr=çerleğşi}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ме́шканець|n}}, {{W-|uk|ме́шканка|m}}, {{W-|uk|жи́тель|n}}, {{W-|uk|жи́телька|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cư dân}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|preswylydd|n}}, {{W+|cy|trigiannydd|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|អ្នកស្រុក}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|olùgbé}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κάτοικος|n|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κάτοικος|n}}, {{W-|grc|οἰκήτωρ|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|inhabitant|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=76319383}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# {{binêre|şên}}</text>
      <sha1>pzfmm1linl4k7jcjkq9xf2x3aombey1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dilsoz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35293</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291236</id>
      <parentid>6126987</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291236</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2648" sha1="qtmbl2dc0hxh3s8wxqs79ecmjlu43pn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|dilsoz}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesê ku [[erk]] û [[soz]]ên xwe [[bi cih anîn|bi cih tîne]]; kesê ku [[xayîntî]] yan [[bêbextî|bêbextiyê]] nake; kesê [[heval]] û [[hevrê]]yên xwe bi tenê yan bê alîkarî nahêle.
#: {{hevmane|ku|sadiq|wefadar|sozdar|pabend|hevsoz|pêgir|loyal}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hevalên min hemî kesên '''dilsoz''' in bo min.}}
# [[pêbawer]], [[rastgo]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|dilsoj}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dilsozî
|dilsozîtî
|dilsoztî
|dilsoz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilsoz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilsozbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dilsozkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dilsozbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dilsozkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|dil|soz}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gläubig}}, {{W+|de|treu}}, {{W+|de|tro}}, {{W+|de|vertrauensvoll}}, {{W+|de|vertrauenswürdig}}, {{W|de|getreu|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Gefolgschaft|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Verehrer|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tro}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|وفي}}, {{W|ar|أمين}}, {{W|ar|بار}}, {{W|ar|صادق}}, {{W|ar|مخلص}}, {{W|ar|صالح}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|fidela}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دلسوز}}, {{W+|fa|صادق}}, {{W+|fa|مهربان}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|trúgvur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|uskollinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|fidèle}}, {{W+|fr|loyal}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|trouw}}, {{W+|nl|getrouw}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|faithful}}, {{W+|en|loyal}}, {{W+|en|devoted}}, {{W+|en|devotedly}}, {{W+|en|reliable}}, {{W+|en|trustable}}, {{W+|en|trustworthy}}, {{W+|en|trusty}}, {{W+|en|truthful}}, {{W+|en|unaffected}}, {{W+|en|unreserved}}, {{W+|en|adherent}}, {{W|en|allegiant|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|dyed-in-the-wool|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|feal|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|gushy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|heartfelt|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|heart-whole|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|leaky|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|leal|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|open hearted|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|singere|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|single-hearted|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|single-minded|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|well-disposed|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|wholehearted|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|fedele}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|fidel}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|fiel}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wierny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fiel}}, {{W+|pt|leal}}, {{W+|pt|seguro}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|верный}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|fiel}}, {{W+|es|leal}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bağlı}}, {{W+|tr|emin}}, {{W+|tr|hakikatli}}, {{W+|tr|sadakatli}}, {{W+|tr|sadık}}, {{W+|tr|vefakâr}}, {{W+|tr|vefalı}}, {{W+|tr|sözüne bağlı}}, {{W+|tr|güvenilir}}, {{W|tr|hakikatlı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qtmbl2dc0hxh3s8wxqs79ecmjlu43pn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>meşq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36375</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291237</id>
      <parentid>6284541</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291237</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1471" sha1="oa2pnd21rle44q6xptupktpvoozbhwj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/mɛʃq/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|meşq|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[rahênan]], [[prove]], [[tedrîb]], [[temrîn]], [[perwerde]], [[fêr]]kirin, [[hîn]]kirin, [[elimandin]], [[antreman]], [[îdman]], [[pratîk]], [[talîm]]
#: {{nm|ku|Em evru nekarin biçin serê çiyayî, ji ber ku evru '''meşq'''dana Pêşmergeye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Em yekser çûn bîroya partiya kak Selah. Wê demê baregeha partiya wî li Beyrûtê bû. Wan kovara Rojhelat derdixist. Hin biraderên kurdên Tirkiyê, endamên ”Partiya Karkir a Pêşeng a Kurdistanê” li ba kak Selah bûn. Ez dibêjim qey ji bal filistîniyan ve '''meşq''' (perwerdeya eskerî) bi wan dihat kirin. Ez li mala kek Salah bûm mêvan.|[[w:Kerîm Husamî|Kerîm Husamî]]: ''Le bîreweriyekanim'', wergerrandina Zinarê Xamo, Amude.de, 3/2007}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|meşk}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|meşqî
|meşqker
|meşq kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|meşqkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|meşqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|practice}}, {{W+|en|maneuver|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|practise|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|praxis|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|work-out|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alıştırma}}, {{W+|tr|dikte}}, {{W+|tr|jimnastik}}, {{W+|tr|talim}}, {{W+|tr|antreman}}, {{W+|tr|meşk}}, {{W+|tr|egzersiz}}, {{W+|tr|prova}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>oa2pnd21rle44q6xptupktpvoozbhwj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qabil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36380</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291238</id>
      <parentid>6124629</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291238</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="918" sha1="3mmf7m2e5s8fd692a0lvs4r5tf5fglp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|qabil}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[hember|Hember]], [[hevber]], [[rû-bi-rû]], [[miqabil]].
#: {{nm|ku|Mala wan '''qabilî''' ya me ye.|Berê mala me û ya wan li hev e.}}
# Qet nabe ku, [[îlle]], [[bivê-nevê]], [[herhal]], [[çawa]] be jî, çi be jî.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Qabil''' e ku ti kes li malê tine be.|Çawa be jî her kesek li malê heye.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Lew kemmilî mestane reqs&lt;br /&gt;Wer suhbetê ger '''qabil''' î&lt;br /&gt;Dê bêt û ret şahane reqs}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|cuda=|w=}}{{etym}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qabil dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qabildan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|miqabil
|miqabilî
|qabilî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|hember}}
{{werger-ser|îlle|2}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|olabilir}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3mmf7m2e5s8fd692a0lvs4r5tf5fglp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sekreter</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36384</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291239</id>
      <parentid>6263401</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291239</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6206" sha1="co9ou23jrpmndx4us9eqp4q0g7jtzz5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sekreter|mê û nêr}}
[[Wêne:President_Barack_Obama_listens_to_Senior_Advisor_David_Axelrod_in_the_outer_Oval_Office_on_June_26,_2009.jpg|thumb|serokê [[DYA]]yê (li nîvekê) û sekretera wî (li çepê)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesa/ê ji [[karûbar]]ên [[nivîsîn]]ê yên [[dezgeh]]ekê [[berpirs]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|katib|debîr}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# '''sekretera/ê giştî''': [[birêveber]], [[serok]], [[serperişt]], [[serkar]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Sekreterê''' giştî yê YNKê Celal Talebanî}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''sekreterê''' giştî yê NY Ban Ki-Moon.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|sekretêr
|sikirtêr
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Taliyê ji {{ji|la|ku}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|sekreter bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sekreter kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sekreterbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sekreterkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sekreterbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sekreterkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sekreterî
|sekreterîtî
|sekretertî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|xag}}: {{W-|xag|𐕁𐔼𐕗𐔿𐔰𐔱𐔰𐔰𐔾}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|sekretar|n}}, {{W+|sq|sekretare|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Sekretär|n}}, {{W+|de|Sekretärin|m}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|качы}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|katib}}, {{W-|az|katibə}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|idazkari}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|сәркәтип}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|сакрата́р|n}}, {{W-|be|сакрата́рка|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|সম্পাদক}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|секрета́р|n}}, {{W-|bg|секрета́рка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|စက္ကရီတေရီ}}, {{W+|my|စာချီ}}, {{W+|my|အတွင်းရေးမှူး}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|йозанча}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|sekretář|n}}, {{W+|cs|sekretářka|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|秘書|tr=bei3 syu1}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|秘書|tr=mìshū}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|秘書|tr=pì-su}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|秘書}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|sekretær|g}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|sekretaris}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|سِكْرِتِير|n|tr=sekretēr}}, {{W+|ar|سِكْرِتِيرَة|m|tr=sekretēra}}, {{W+|ar|كَاتِب|n}}, {{W-|ar|كَاتِبَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|քարտուղար}}, {{W+|hy|քարտուղարուհի}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|sekretario}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|sekretär}}, {{W-|et|asjaajaja}}, {{W-|et|kirjatoimetaja}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سکرتر|tr=sekreter}}, {{W+|fa|کاتب|tr=kâteb}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sihteeri}}, {{W+|fi|kirjuri}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|secrétaire|n|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|rùnaire|n}}, {{W-|gd|clèireach|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|secretario|n}}, {{W-|gl|secretaria|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|მდივანი}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|सचिव|n}}, {{W+|hi|सेक्रेटरी|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|secretaresse|m}}, {{W+|nl|secretaris|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מַזְכִּיר|n|tr=mazkir}}, {{W-|he|מַזְכִּירָה|m|tr=mazkira}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|sekretario}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|secretary}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|secretaria|m}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|rúnaí|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|segretario|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|ritari|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|秘書|tr=ひしょ, hisho}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|катчы}}, {{W+|ky|секретарь}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|비서}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|scrība|n}}, {{W-|la|librarius|n}}, {{W-|la|librariolus|n}}, {{W-|la|sēcrētārius|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|sekretārs|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເລຂານຸການ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|sekretorius|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|секретар|n}}, {{W-|mk|секретарка|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|setiausaha}}, {{W-|ms|sekretaris}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|screeudeyr|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|titkár}}, {{W+|hu|titkárnő}}, {{W+|hu|adminisztrátor}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|бичээч}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|naaltsoos ííłʼíní|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|sekretær|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|كاتىپ}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|sekretar}}, {{W+|uz|kotib}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|منشي|n|tr=monší}}, {{W-|ps|سکرتر|n|tr=sekartár}}, {{W+|ps|سکرټر|n|tr=sekarṭár}}, {{W+|ps|کاتب|n|tr=kātéb}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|sekretarz|n}}, {{W+|pl|sekretarka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|secretário|n}}, {{W+|pt|secretária|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|хатшы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|secretar|n}}, {{W+|ro|secretară|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|секрета́рь|n|m}}, {{W+|ru|секрета́рша|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|секрѐта̄р|n}}, {{W-|sh|секрета̀рица|m}}, {{W-|sh|та̑јнӣк|n}}, {{W-|sh|та̑јница|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|sekrètār|n}}, {{W+|sh|sekretàrica|m}}, {{W+|sh|tȃjnīk|n}}, {{W+|sh|tȃjnica|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|sekretár|n}}, {{W-|sk|sekretárka|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|sekretar|n}}, {{W-|sl|sekretarka|m}}, {{W+|sl|tajnik|n}}, {{W-|sl|tajnica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|secretario|n}}, {{W+|es|secretaria|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|karani}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sekreterare|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|котиб}}, {{W+|tg|котиба}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|sekretarya}}, {{W-|tl|kalihim}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เลขานุการ}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|కార్యదర్శి}}, {{W-|te|సహాయకుడు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|секретар}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sekreter}}, {{W+|tr|katip}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|sekretar}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|sekreteri}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|سکریٹری|n|tr=sekreṭrī}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|секрета́р|n}}, {{W-|uk|секрета́рка|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thư ký}}, {{W+|vi|bí thư}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|sekretan}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|ysgrifennydd|n}}, {{W+|cy|ysgrifenyddes|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ស្មៀន}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|סעקרעטאַר|n}}, {{W-|yi|סעקרעטאַרשע|m}}

* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γραμματέας|n|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|γραμματεύς|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|secretary|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75736249}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[katib#|katib]], [[sekreter]], [[debîr]], [[nivîskar]]a/ê [[fermî]],  &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê ji [[karûbar]]ên [[nivîsîn]]ê yên [[dezgeh]]ekê [[berpirs]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>co9ou23jrpmndx4us9eqp4q0g7jtzz5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kerem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36449</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291240</id>
      <parentid>6097166</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291240</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1710" sha1="azwkzvjfk7v9xybxwd5iuptu62tccnw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/kʰæˈɾæm/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kerem|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[qencî]], [[çakî]], [[merdînî]], [[başî]], [[xêr]], [[say]], [[paranî]], [[camêrî]], [[xweşmirovî]], [[litûf]], [[niwast]], [[lutif]], [[alîkarî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ji '''kerem'''a xwe, hinek avê bide min.}}
# [[îkram]], [[diyarî]], [[bexş]], [[raberî]], [[pêşkêşî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Xwedê '''kerem'''ê bike.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=&quot;Çimkî hûn bi riya baweriyê, bi '''kerem'''ê xilas bûn û ev ne ji we ye, diyariya Xwedê ye. Ev ne ji kirinan e, da ku tu kes pesnê xwe nede.|Efesî 2:8-9|url= http://kitebipiroz.com/kurmanji/bible/eph/2/8-9}}
# [[mucîze]], [[ecêbî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Ew Muhemmed hemberê îsmek bûyî&lt;br /&gt;Kijk e ya Sultan û bacud û '''kerem'''?”}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kerem kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|keremkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|keremkirî&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|keremî
|keramet
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|كرم|tr=kerem}}, têkilî ''[[Kerîm]], [[Kerîma]], [[Ekrem]], [[ikram]]''.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|نعمة}}, {{W+|ar|رحمة}},{{W+|ar|إكرام}},{{W+|ar|لطف}}, {{W+|ar|فضل}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مرحمت}}, {{W+|fa|جوانمردی}}, {{W+|fa|جود|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|grace}}, {{W+|en|generosity}}, {{W+|en|philanthropy}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kerem}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# kerem, [[mezinî]], [[resanatî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[paranî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[qencî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>azwkzvjfk7v9xybxwd5iuptu62tccnw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>binecih</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291241</id>
      <parentid>6243673</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291241</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1222" sha1="jcncdbm14xzl46wp7iefbhi01vr63vj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|binecih|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[cih|Cih]]ê [[armanc]], [[akincî]], [[der]]a ku [[divê]] mirov [[gihiştin|bigihiyê]], [[cih]]ê ku li gor [[plan]]ê mirov yan tiştek dê [[gihiştin|bigihiyê]].
#: {{nm|ku|Em spêdê zû bi rê ketin û êvarê gihişin '''binecih'''ê.}}
# [[bingeh|Bingeh]], [[esas]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|binecê
|binecî
|binecîh
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|binecih bûn
|binecih bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|binecih kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|binecihbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|binecihkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|binecihbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|binecihkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{navg|ku|bin|-e-|cih}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ziel}} {{nt}}, {{W+|de|Destination}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مکان مقصود}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ساکن}}, {{W+|fa|اهل}}, {{W+|fa|جاافتاده}}, {{W-|fa|جا شده}}, {{W-|fa|درست وحسابی}}, {{W+|fa|مدار|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|määränpää}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|destination}}, {{W+|en|autochthonic}}??
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bas}}, {{W+|tr|yerli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jcncdbm14xzl46wp7iefbhi01vr63vj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tehemil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36623</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291242</id>
      <parentid>6262664</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291242</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1678" sha1="8c662ykd848v4yuf7s4tdxy0vixaufb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tehemil|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[sebir|Sebir]], [[tirûş]], [[sebat]], [[semax]], [[tebat]], [[bêhnfirehî]], [[xweragirî]], [[tolerans]], [[vehewan]], [[hedan]], [[hedirîn]], [[dîşlix]], [[bênfire]]bûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Min '''tehemila''' te nema.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[aramî]], [[sebr]], [[baldirêjî]], [[hêwirî]], [[misamehe]], [[berxwedan]], [[xweragirtin]], [[xurtî]], [[hêz]], [[taqet]], [[zever]], [[qewet]], [[qayîmî]]}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|tehemul
|tehemûl
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tehemilbar
|tehemilker
|tehemil kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tehemilkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tehemilkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|تَحَمُّل‎}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ausdauer|f}}, {{W+|de|Langmut|f}}, {{W+|de|Maß|f}}, {{W-|de|Mäßigkeit|f}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|trpělivost|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|تحمل}}, {{W+|ar|صبر}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تحمل}}, {{W+|fa|صبر}}, {{W-|fa|شکیبایی}}, {{W+|fa|شکیب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kärsivällisyys}}, {{W+|fi|maltti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|patience|f}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|geþyld}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|patience}}, {{W+|en|tolerance}}, {{W+|en|perseverance}}, {{W+|en|tenacity}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|paciência|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[терпение]] (t'erp'énije)
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|potrpežljivost|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|paciencia|f}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[ఓర్పు]] (Orpu), [[సహనం]] (sahanaM)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sebat}}, {{W+|tr|sabır}}, {{W+|tr|tahammül}}, {{W+|tr|dayanma}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8c662ykd848v4yuf7s4tdxy0vixaufb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>-çî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36883</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291512</id>
      <parentid>6244667</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T19:53:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Paşgir */ [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js|TS]]: sererastkirin, [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js|TS]]: sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291512</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="627" sha1="0uh3qdsd8lrl864ed6bztu8pxgltj10" xml:space="preserve">{{binêre herwiha/ci}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Paşgir ===
{{paşgir|ku}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê ku [[kar]]ê wî tiştek e.
#: {{hevmane|ku|-kar}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|çay|çayçî}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|îş|îşçî}}
#: {{qfnim|ku|zirne|zirneçî}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|-cî}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|-çîtî}}
{{paşgirbibîne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|trk|ku}}, taliyê ji {{ji|trk-pro|ku|*-či}}. Bide ber {{hv|az|-çi}}, {{hv|ota|ـجی|tr=-ci}}. Heman [[paşgir]] herwiha ketiye soranî û {{hv|fa|ـچی&lt;tr:-či&gt;}} jî.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0uh3qdsd8lrl864ed6bztu8pxgltj10</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>aqilmendî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37018</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291243</id>
      <parentid>6243436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291243</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1450" sha1="hbbwcvz5kul0b4qxsrdq5j0zs1st2ah" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|aqilmendî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hişmendî]], [[bîrmendî]], [[aqildarî]], [[zihniyet]], [[hişyarî]], [[aqilmendbûn]], [[biaqilbûn]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[biaqilî]], [[aqildarbûn]], [[jîrî]], [[têgihiştin]], [[hişmendbûn]], [[feraset]], [[aqil]], [[hiş]], [[mentalîte]], [[hişyarbûn]]}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Aqilmendiya''' wan ya gihiştiye astekê bilind.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئاقلمه‌ندی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|aqilmendîtî
|aqilmendtî
|eqilmendî
|eqilmendîtî
|eqilmendtî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|aqilmendî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|aqilmendîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|aqilmendîkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|aqilmend|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حكمة}}, {{W-|ar|اتزان}}, {{W-|ar|رصانة}}, {{W-|ar|رشد}}, {{W-|ar|صواب}}, {{W-|ar|عقلانية}}, {{W-|ar|فطنة}}, {{W-|ar|عظة}}, {{W-|ar|هداية}}, {{W-|ar|الألمعیة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الركزة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الكیاسة|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|وعي}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|هوشمندی}}, {{W-|fa|عاقل مندی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|wisdom}}, {{W+|en|saneness}}, {{W+|en|sanity}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|akıllılık}}, {{W+|tr|felsefe}}, {{W+|tr|hikmet}}, {{W+|tr|hocalık}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>hbbwcvz5kul0b4qxsrdq5j0zs1st2ah</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>biheştî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37039</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291244</id>
      <parentid>6278566</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291244</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1014" sha1="1xpdf9a8t90jmwcmimtrt5bkx4xop1j" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[cenetî]], tişta/ê [[biheşt]]ê yan [[têkildar]]î wê
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[peyv]]ek [[şîrîn]] e li [[şûn]]a &quot;kesa/ê [[mirî]]&quot;
#: {{nm|ku|'''Biheştiyê''' bavê min çîrok bo me digotin.'.|babê min yê mirî...}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|beheştî
|behiştî
|behuştî
|behûştî
|bihiştî
|behuştî
|bihuştî
|bihûştî
|buhuştî
|buhûştî
|beḧeştî
|beḧiştî
|beḧuştî
|beḧûştî
|biḧeştî
|biḧiştî
|biḧuştî
|biḧûştî
|buḧeştî
|buḧiştî
|buḧuştî
|buḧûştî
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|cenetî
|îremî
}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|dûjehî
|dozexî
|cehnemî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|late}}, {{W+|en|heavenly|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|paradisiac|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|paradisiacal|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|cennetlik}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>1xpdf9a8t90jmwcmimtrt5bkx4xop1j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>piştgirî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37812</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291245</id>
      <parentid>6230948</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:16:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291245</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1968" sha1="2sgj9echrezl5j8l6919tm0ylxsye9b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|piştgirî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[alîgirî]], [[alîkarî]], [[harîkarî]], [[yarmetî]], [[destek]], [[piştevanî]], [[misaede]], [[komekî]], [[piştevanbûn]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Piştgiriya''' kompaniyê pêdivî ye.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پشتگری}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|piştgirî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piştgirî dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piştgirîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piştgirîdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piştgirîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|piştgir|-î}} yan {{qertaf|ku|pişt|-girî}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Beihilfe|f}}, {{W+|de|Patenschaft|f}}, {{W+|de|Solidarität|f}}, {{W+|de|Stütze|f}}, {{W+|de|Beistand}}, {{W+|de|Handreichung|f}}, {{W+|de|Rückhalt|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Beförderung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Verschanzung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مساعده|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشتیبانی}}, {{W+|fa|ضامن}}, {{W+|fa|پشتیبانی}}, {{W-|fa|پشتیبانی کردن}}, {{W+|fa|حمایت کردن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|advocacy}}, {{W+|en|backer}}, {{W+|en|endorsement}}, {{W+|en|solidarity}}, {{W-|en|Subscriptions}}, {{W+|en|booster|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|bracer|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|buttress|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|advocation|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|corroboration|guman=erê}},  {{W+|en|furtherance|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sustainment|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sustenation|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|upholding|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|verification}}, {{W+|en|validation}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|поддержка}}, {{W+|ru|солидарность}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dayanışma}}, {{W+|tr|destek}}, {{W+|tr|kayırıcılık}}, {{W+|tr|koruyuculuk}}, {{W+|tr|müzaheret}}, {{W+|tr|solidarizm}}, {{W+|tr|taraftarlık}}, {{W+|tr|teavün}}, {{W+|tr|tesanüt}}, {{W+|tr|yardımlaşma}}, {{W-|tr|dayanışmacılık}}, {{W+|tr|hamil|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2sgj9echrezl5j8l6919tm0ylxsye9b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dabîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37876</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291246</id>
      <parentid>6096036</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291246</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1168" sha1="5cmr22uoozie237g0ujpd4qjc5lwn5l" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|dabîn}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[terxan]], [[misoger]], [[temîn]], [[tekîd]], [[ekîd]], [[eseh]]
#: {{nm|ku|Pare bo projeyekê '''dabîn''' kirin.|Pare bo projeyekê dan yan destnîşan kirin|rêz=1}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[misogerî]], [[ekîdkirin]], [[esehî]], [[piştrastî]], [[bicihanîn]], [[pêbawerî]], [[peydakirin]], [[destnîşankirî]], [[eseh]], [[diyar]], [[pêşkêş]], [[raber]], [[araste]]}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dabîn bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dabîn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dabînbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dabînkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dabînbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dabînkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dabînî
|dabînker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|تأمين|tr=teimîn}} ku wek &quot;[[temîn]], [[teimîn]]&quot; jî ketiye kurdî. Guherîna b/m hev û d/t bi hev diyardeyeke/fenomeneke berbelav e. Herwiha &quot;ei&quot; gelek caran dibe &quot;a&quot;. Ji heman rehî: [[amîn]], [[emanet]], [[emîn]], [[emn]], [[emniyet]]...

==== Anagram ====
* {{anagram|ku|badîn}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ensurance|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|temin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5cmr22uoozie237g0ujpd4qjc5lwn5l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>serhişk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>38261</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291247</id>
      <parentid>6098531</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291247</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3042" sha1="q2i60ry7tuct0xzb8u7yevvu46loepq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-serhişk.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|serhişk}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Kesa/ê ku [[ji ya xwe hatin xwarê|ji ya xwe nayê xwarê]]; kesa/ê ku [[tenezil]]ê nake; kesa/ê ku serê xwe na[[tewandin|tewîne]]
#: {{hevmane|ku|biînad|înato}}
#: {{nm|ku|Çi pêkola neke ew nehat miroveke '''serhişk''' e.}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|sernerm}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ser|hişk}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|serhişk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serhişk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serhişkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serhişkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serhişkbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|serhişkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|serhişkî
|serhişkîtî
|serhişktî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|zh}} : {{W-|zh|頑固的}}, [[顽固的]] (wángùde)
* {{Z|da}} : {{W+|da|stædig}}
* {{Z|de}} : {{W+|de|dumm}}, {{W+|de|blöde}}, {{W+|de|stur}}, {{W+|de|begriffsstutzig}}, {{W+|de|beständig}}, {{W+|de|eigensinnig}}, {{W+|de|rechthaberisch}}, {{W+|de|starrköpfig}}, {{W+|de|starrsinnig}}, {{W+|de|unnachgiebig}}, {{W+|de|verstockt}}, {{W-|de|beharrsam|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Dogmatiker|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Dickkopf|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}} : [[عنيد]] ('enîd), {{W-|ar|متطرف|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}} : {{W+|fa|توسن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}} : {{W+|fi|itsepäinen}}, {{W+|fi|härkäpäinen}}
* {{Z|fr}} : {{W+|fr|têtu|m}}, {{W+|fr|têtue|f}}, {{W+|fr|entêté|m}}, {{W+|fr|entêtée|f}}, {{W+|fr|borné|m}}, {{W+|fr|bornée|f}}
* {{Z|nl}} : {{W+|nl|hardnekkig}}
* {{Z|he}} : [[עקשן]] (akshan)
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|stubborn}}, {{W-|en|stiff necked}}, {{W+|en|obstinate}}, {{W+|en|dullard}}, {{W+|en|stern}}, {{W+|en|unruly}}, {{W+|en|untraveled}}, {{W+|en|opinionated}}, {{W+|en|recklessness}}, {{W+|en|prig}}, {{W+|en|headstrong|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ungovernable|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|pig headed|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|priggish|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|recalcitrant|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wayward|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|dogmatist|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}} : {{W+|it|ostinato|m}}, {{W+|it|ostinata|f}}, {{W+|it|testardo|m}}, {{W-|it|testarda|f}}
* {{Z|ja}} : [[頑固な]] (がんこな, ganko na)
* {{Z|ko}} : [[고집센]] (gojipsen)
* {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|sta}}
* {{Z|pl}} : {{W+|pl|uparty}}
* {{Z|pt}} : {{W+|pt|teimoso|m}}, {{W+|pt|teimosa|f}}
* {{Z|ru}} : [[упорный]] (upórnyj)
* {{Z|es}} : {{W+|es|testarudo|m}}, {{W+|es|testaruda|f}}, {{W+|es|obstinado|m}}, {{W+|es|obstinada|f}}, [[cabezota]] ''m&amp;f'' ''(familiar use, literally ''big head'')''; [[terco]], {{W+|es|terca|f}}
* {{Z|sv}} : {{W-|sv|hardnackad}}
* {{Z|te}} : [[మొండి]] (moMDi)
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|inatçı}}, {{W+|tr|direngen}}, {{W+|tr|azimli}}, {{W-|tr|sebatkar}}, {{W+|tr|anut}}, {{W+|tr|dik başlı}}, {{W-|tr|dik kafalı}}, {{W+|tr|gabi}}, {{W+|tr|kalın kafalı}}, {{W+|tr|kara damaklı}}, {{W+|tr|örümcek kafalı}}, {{W+|tr|pek başlı}}, {{W-|tr|nato kafa}}, {{W-|tr|nato mermer}}, {{W+|tr|inat}}, {{W+|tr|katır}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>q2i60ry7tuct0xzb8u7yevvu46loepq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nemirî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>38270</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291248</id>
      <parentid>6244684</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291248</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1602" sha1="7g3c1qoau2cuvqz1h6bu01cdko4u1u9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nemirî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nemir|Nemir]]bûn, ne[[mirin]], [[ebedî]], [[herheyî]], [[jiyandar]].
#: {{nm|ku|Yên ku '''nemirî''' wergirtî û herdem di dilê xelkê de di sax, şehidin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|nemirîtî
|nemirtî
}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|mirbarî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
* Ji {{paş|ku|nemir|-î}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nemirî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nemirîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nemirîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Unsterblichkeit|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|不朽}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|حي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kuolemattomuus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|immortalité|f}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|immortality}}, {{W+|en|imperishability}},{{W+|en|beatitude|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|eternal life|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|ódauðleiki|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|不滅}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[불사신]] (bulsashin)
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|nieśmiertelność|f}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|imortalidade|f}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[бессмертие]]  (bessmertie'), {{W+|ru|бессмертность|f}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|besmrtnost|f}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|besmrtnost|f}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: [[бесмртност]] {{m}}
*: Roman: [[besmrtnost#Serbian|besmrtnost]] {{m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|inmotalidad|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|odödlighet|c}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ölümsüzlük}}, {{W+|tr|kalımlılık}}, {{W+|tr|ölmezlik}}, {{W+|tr|beka}}
* {{Z|el}}:  [[αθανασία]]  (athanasía)
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7g3c1qoau2cuvqz1h6bu01cdko4u1u9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gend</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>38432</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291249</id>
      <parentid>6281438</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291249</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1174" sha1="rzu1budnicp4aqz1z1lr5wk5zgxrkq4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[gilêş]], [[pîsatî]], [[qirêjî]], [[qilêrî]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Gend''' û gilêş, &lt;br&gt;'''gend''' û gû, &lt;br&gt;'''gend''' û gemar.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Heqê min e, çi jî bê serê min heqê min e. Ma kê ji min re got ko ez van gend û gûyên merivên wê li vir vehewînim?|Enwer Karahan: ''Çargurçik'', Nefel.com, 5/2007}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|gind}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|gemar
|gendûgemar
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|genc
|gerd
|gund
|kend
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gend kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gendkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gendkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gendegilêş
|gendegilêşî
|gendî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: qirş (n), qirşik (n), dasik (n), zelik (n), çop (n), qirşûqale (m), qirş-qale (m), çop-çelax (n)

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|قمامة}}, {{W|ar|رواسب}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بوی بد}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|waste}}, {{W|en|rubbish}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çöp}}, {{W+|tr|istifade}}, {{W+|tr|oyun}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>rzu1budnicp4aqz1z1lr5wk5zgxrkq4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>konsantre</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>38464</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291250</id>
      <parentid>6245450</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291250</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1415" sha1="l3zmqwvbe1gjcrg0p0sctc74454dorq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[civandî|Civandî]] yan [[civiyayî]], [[berhev]]kirî yan [[berhev]]bûyî.
#: {{nm|ku|Xwe li ser tiştekî '''konsantre''' kirin.|hemû hêz û şiyan û dema xwe dan kirina tiştekî}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ev bûyerên ku ji bo karakter û xwendevanan tesaduf in, ji bo nivîskar ne welê ye. Ez bi xwe gelekî li ser van tesadufan rawestiyam, min xwest ez kêliyên jiyanê û bûyerên ne li bende, an ji nişkê ve bi tesadufan bi hev ve girê bidim, çîroka xwe bi ser hev de bînim û bikim serpêhatiyeke konsantrekirî.|Firat Cewerî di hevpeyivînekê de li gel Murad Ciwan li ser romana xwe &quot;Ez ê yekî bikujim&quot;, Netkurd.com, 11/2008}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|konsentre}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|konsantrasyon}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|konsantre bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|konsantre kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|konsantrebûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|konsantrekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|konsantrebûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|konsantrekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fr|ku|concentré}} ji {{q|fr|concentrer}} i {{qertaf|fr|nekat=1|con-|center}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|derinti}}, {{W|tr|derişik|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[tîr]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[têfikirî]], [[lêhûrbûyî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>l3zmqwvbe1gjcrg0p0sctc74454dorq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kovandar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>38619</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291251</id>
      <parentid>6097236</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291251</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="781" sha1="2iqe2pm7nct3syw74uxc7tgce97gw1i" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|kovandar}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[xemgîn]], [[melûl]], [[xemxur]], [[derdgiran]] &lt;br&gt; kesê/a ku [[dil]]ê wî/ê bi [[kul]]e.
#: {{nm|ku|Piştî çûna te dayê, es '''kovandar''' mame.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|kovan|-dar}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kovandar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kovandar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kovandarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kovandarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kovandarbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kovandarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kovandarî
|kovandarîtî
|kovandartî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|grieved}}, {{W+|en|sad}}, {{W+|en|sorrowful}}, {{W+|en|dismal}}, {{W+|en|downcast}}, {{W|en|in mourning|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kasavetli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2iqe2pm7nct3syw74uxc7tgce97gw1i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>heyirî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39051</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291252</id>
      <parentid>6249730</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291252</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1158" sha1="jqgu7oy40djwgfjo2xtz2s1rfp8wlqc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[mat]], [[hêbitî]], [[ecêbgirtî]], [[sersur]], [[mendehoş]], [[şaş]], [[metelbûyî]], [[heyirandî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''heyirî''' mam ku fêkiyên bazarê giran bûn.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[hêbitandî]], [[hêbetî]]}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=17. Dayîn '''heyirî''' ji macerayê&lt;/br&gt;Dayîn '''heyirî''' ji macerayê}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|heyiriyayî}}
* {{g|ku|heyiryayî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|heyirî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heyirî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heyirîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heyirîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heyirîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|heyirîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{q|ku|heyirîn}}, ji {{ji|ar|ku|حيرة}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|verwundert}}, {{W|de|überrascht|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|متعجب}}, {{W+|fa|شگفت زده}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|amazed}}, {{W+|en|confused}}, {{W+|en|astonished}}, {{W+|en|bemused}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|şaşkın}}, {{W+|tr|mütehayyir}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jqgu7oy40djwgfjo2xtz2s1rfp8wlqc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sinet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39109</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291253</id>
      <parentid>6243554</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291253</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2250" sha1="0kzy47c0t9sk5gf4swlpgvpz16zqwt6" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# ([[îslam|''Îslam'']]) Ji kirin û tevgerên [[Muhemmed]] pêxember tê gotin.
# {{f|ku|Îslam}} Tiştên ku mirov ne [[mecbûr]] e bike lê [[baş]] e ku bên kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|nivêjên '''sinet'''|Nivêjên ji bilî her pênc nivêjên rojê|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Têk û vêk guhdarê pîr bûm&lt;/br&gt;B' işqa dîn û '''sinnetê'''&lt;/br&gt;Şêxê serdarê xelîfan}}
# [[birîn|Birîn]]a [[çerm]]ê ser [[kîr]]î (ku li gor [[Îslam]]ê û [[cihûtî|cihûtiyê]] [[mecbûrî|mecbûriyek]] [[dînî]] ye).
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[birîn|Birîn]]a [[çerm]]ê ser [[quz]]î (ku li gor hin ayînan [[mecbûrî|mecbûriyek]] [[dînî]] ye).
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{maneid|ku|kulav}} {{f|ku|Îslam}} [[kulav|Kulav]]eke [[kevneşopî]] ya ku hinek Kurdên [[Misilman]], bi [[taybetî]] li [[herêma]] [[Kurdistanê]], li xwe [[dikin]]. Ew bi [[gelemperî]] [[kepek]] [[kinckirî]] ye, ku pir caran bi [[dersok]] ve tê [[pêçandin]].&lt;ref&gt;https://kurdologist.wordpress.com/2021/05/07/a-dictionary-of-duhoki-kurdish/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Wêne:Shmadarahd1.png|thumb|250px|Îmamê somalî ku taqiye an '''sinet''' li serê xwe kiriye]]

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|sinnet}}
* {{g|ku|sunet}}
* {{g|ku|sunnet}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|sinet bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sinet kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sinetbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sinetkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sinetbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sinetkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|sanat}}

==== Binere herwiha ====
* {{g|ku|sened}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|سُنَّة}}, têkildarî [[sinî]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kirinên Mihemed Pêxemberî}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Handwerk|n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|السنة النبوية}}, {{W-|ar|السنة}}, {{W-|ar|ختان}}, {{W-|ar|النفل}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sonnet}}, {{W-|en|Prophetic Tradition}}, {{W+|en|Sunnah}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sünnet}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|birîna çermê li ser organa cinsî}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|circumcision}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sünnet}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|ku|senet|w=huner}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>0kzy47c0t9sk5gf4swlpgvpz16zqwt6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêbetî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39210</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291254</id>
      <parentid>6244009</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291254</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1369" sha1="0vts68cf47zczjzkqbz36d8lrx45j6c" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[mat]], [[ecêb]], [[awarte]], [[sur]], [[seyr]], [[heyirî]], [[ecêbgirtî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''hêbetî''' mam demê min ew biçavên xwe dîtîn.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|jêgirtin=دیت پشیکا راوەستیای و یا مایە ح'''ێبەتی''' و شێرزاد ژی ل نێزیك پشیکێ راوەستیای و ما حێبەتی...|tr=Dît pişîka rawestiyay û ya maye '''ḧêbetî''' û Şêrzad jî li nêzîk pişîkê rawestyay û ma ḧêbetî...|sc=ku-Arab|sernav=Bêrîvan û Hîvî (Çîrokêt Zarokan)|nivîskar=Leylan Îsmeîl|weşanxane=Çapxana Xanî|cih=Dihok|sal=2012|r=30}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حێبه‌تی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|heybetî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hêbetî bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|hêbetî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|hêbetîbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|hêbetîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|hêbetîbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|hêbetîkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|hêbet|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مدهوش}}{{W|ar|الضحك|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|سامه|guman=erê}},, {{W|ar|معجب|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الإفكوهة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|amazed}}, {{W+|en|terrified}}, {{W+|en|astonished}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sersem|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0vts68cf47zczjzkqbz36d8lrx45j6c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mikur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39487</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291255</id>
      <parentid>6263816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291255</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2126" sha1="avyredhois3rp4p3cebda6749mr4zv4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|mikur}}
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mikur|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[itiraf]], [[îqrar]], [[gotin]] ku [[rast]] e, [[pesind]], [[pejirandin]], [[danpêdan]]
#: {{nm|ku|Şerm neke, '''mikur''' tiştek baş e. Şûnve tu aram bibî.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|مکور}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mikir
|mukir
|mukur
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mikur kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mikur hatin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mikurkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mikurhatin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mikurkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mikurhatî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|مقر}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|bieg}}, {{W+|af|beken}}, {{W+|af|bely}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|anerkennen}}, {{W+|de|beichten}}, {{W+|de|gestehen}}, {{W+|de|eingestehen}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bekende}}, {{W+|da|skrifte}}, {{W+|da|tilstå}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|مكروه|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|konfespreni}}, {{W+|eo|konfesi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حیله}}, {{W+|fa|اعتراف|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|vátta}}, {{W+|fo|ganga við}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|myöntää}}, {{W+|fi|tunnustaa}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|bekenne}}, {{W+|fy|bychtsje}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|de biecht afnemen}}, {{W+|nl|bekennen}}, {{W+|nl|biechten}}, {{W+|nl|erkennen}}, {{W+|nl|toegeven}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|admit}}, to {{W+|en|confess}}, to {{W+|en|profess}}, to {{W+|en|acknowledge}},  to {{W+|en|avow}}, {{W+|en|recognition}}, {{W+|en|quarrelsome}}, {{W+|en|gluttonous}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|confessare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|játa}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|confessar}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|mengaku}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|tilstå}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|konfesá}}, {{W+|pap|rekonosé}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wyznawać}}, {{W+|pl|przyznawać się}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|confessar}}, {{W+|pt|professar}}, {{W+|pt|reconhecer}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|confesar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bekänna}}, {{W+|sv|bikta}}, {{W+|sv|skrifta sig}}
* {{Z|tr}}: [[itiraf]] [[etmek]], [[ikrar]] [[etmek]], {{W+|tr|bilinen}}, {{W+|tr|tanınan}}, {{W+|tr|maruf}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>avyredhois3rp4p3cebda6749mr4zv4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kiz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39494</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291256</id>
      <parentid>6230221</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291256</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1593" sha1="r70a0ykcpeotgzrotzrwf9htecbzw99" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|kiz|kîz|kız}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[qels]], [[lawaz]], [[zeîf]], [[bêhêz]], ne [[xurt]], ne [[bihêz]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# ne [[geş]], ne [[ron]], [[kêm]]-[[ronahî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[deng]][[nizm]], ne [[deng]][[bilind]], [[kêm]]-[[deng]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# ava qend û rûnan ku bi destên mirov ve diçespe
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{f|ku|Ûrmiye}} [[dohn]] û [[rûn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew xwarine gelek '''kiz''' e.}}

==== Pîrepend ====
``Her çi ciyê kiz e, mêşan lê vizeviz e``

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kiz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kiz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kizirandin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kizbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kizkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kizbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kizkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kizandin
|kizandî
|kiziyayî
|kizî
|kizîn
|kizîner
|kizîtî
|kizker
|kiztî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî ''kiz'', pehlewî ''kes'' (kêm, biçûk) ji {{ji|ira}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|dander}}, {{W|en|fractional|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|antsnest|guman=erê}}, (5) {{W|en|fatty û greasy}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|meyus|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|sönük|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|zayıf|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ölgün|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|hiddet|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|öfke|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kiz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kizgirî]], [[kelogirî]], [[girî]], [[girîn]], [[rondik]] [[barandin]], [[hêsir]] [[werandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kizgirî
|kizgiriyok
|kizgiriyokî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>r70a0ykcpeotgzrotzrwf9htecbzw99</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>xerat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39718</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291257</id>
      <parentid>6289310</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291257</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8165" sha1="5ijcixaoh06xcx7tpfdtrcupx0vth1t" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|xeyat}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|xerat|mê û nêr}}
[[Wêne:Havana - Cuba - 2566.jpg|thumb|'''Xeratek''']]
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# {{f|ku|pîşe}} Kesê ku [[dar]]an [[xeritîn|dixeritîne]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|merengoz|neccar}}
#: {{nm|ku|Me kursiyek bi '''xerat''' da çêkirin.}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Gotineke pêşiyan heye dibêje, ‘xwediyê heft karan bê kar e û deriyê '''xeratan''' şikestî ye.’ Gelo ji bo wêjeyê jî ev yek derbasbar e?|nivîskar=Rizoyê Xerzî|sernav=Nivîskarî hem kul û derd e, hem jî azadî ye|url=https://xwebun.org/niviskari-hem-kul-u-derd-e-hem-ji-azadi-ye/|malper=xwebun.org|dîrok=27.07.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=...ji xwe re tembûr ji galon û têlên firêmên biskilêtan çêdikirin, lê piştre apê wî Hisên, ê ko '''xerat''' bû û li tembûrê jî dixist, jêre tembûrek çêkir...|kovar=Pênûsa Nû|sernav=Dûmahiya Bîranîna 30 saliya Hunermend Mihemed Şêxo|url=https://ia601402.us.archive.org/29/items/pn-kurdi-78/PN-kurdi-78.pdf|hejmar=78|sal=2019|rûpel=2}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kur ji roja ku ji mektebê ciz bû, geh li ber destê '''xerat''', geh li ber yê heddad dişixule.|nivîskar=Arjen Arî|sernav=Bîhoka Li Pişt Sînor|cîh=Stembol|weşanxane={{w|Avesta}}|sal=2010|rûpel=65}}
# [[kar|Kar]] û [[rewş]]a kirîn, xwarin û sûdwergirtina ji [[kûtal]], [[kalêr]] û [[suxre]]yan.
#: {{hevmane|ku|berxwerî|xerîdarî}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|zdrukthëtar|n}}, {{W-|sq|drudhendës|n}}
* Apaçî:
*: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|kįh ágoleʼí}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zimmermann|n}}, {{W+|de|Zimmerfrau|m}}, {{W+|de|Zimmerer|n}}, {{W+|de|Zimmerin|m}}, {{W+|de|Schreiner|n}}, {{W+|de|Schreinerin|m}}, {{W+|de|Tischler|n}}, {{W+|de|Tischlerin|m}}, {{W-|de|Bauschreiner|n}}, {{W-|de|Bauschreinerin|m}}, {{W-|de|Bautischler|n}}, {{W-|de|Bautischlerin|m}}
* {{Z|arc}}:
*: Îbranî: {{W-|arc|נגרא|n|tr=nagārā, nagoro}}
*: Siryanî: {{W-|arc|ܢܓܪܐ|n|tr=nagārā, nagoro}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|বাঢ়ৈ}}, {{W-|as|কাঠ মিস্ত্ৰী}}, {{W-|as|সূতাৰ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|carpinteru|n}}, {{W-|ast|carpintera|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|dülgər}}, {{W+|az|xarrat}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|arotz}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|цясля́р|n}}, {{W-|be|сталя́р|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|সূত্রধর}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|дърводе́лец|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|လက်သမား}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|tesař|n}}, {{W+|cs|truhlář|n}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏲᎳᏅᎥᏍᎩ}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|木匠}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tømrer|g}}, {{W-|da|tømmermand|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|نَجَّار|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|نجار|n|tr=naggār}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|نجار|tr=najjār}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հյուսն}}, {{W+|hy|ատաղձագործ}}, {{W+|hy|դուրգար}}
*: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|հիւսն}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|чапиця}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ĉarpentisto}}, {{W-|eo|ĉarpentistino}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|puusepp}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|درودگر|tr=dorudgar}}, {{W-|fa|درگر|tr=dorgar}}, {{W+|fa|نجار|tr=najjâr}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|timburmaður|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|puuseppä}}, {{W+|fi|timperi}}, {{W+|fi|kirvesmies}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|menuisier|n}}, {{W+|fr|menuisière|m}}, {{W+|fr|charpentier|n}}, {{W+|fr|charpentière|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|saor|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|carpinteiro|n}}, {{W-|gl|carpinteira|m}}, {{W-|gl|fragueiro|n}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ხურო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|काष्ठकार|n}}, {{W+|hi|बढ़ई|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|timmerman|n}}, {{W+|nl|timmervrouw|m}}, {{W+|nl|timmeraar|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|נַגָּר|n|tr=nagár}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|trēowwyrhta|n}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|carpenter}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|carpenter}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|cearpantóir|n}}, {{W-|ga|saor adhmaid|n}}, {{W+|ga|siúinéir|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|carpentiere|n}}, {{W+|it|falegname|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|smiður|n}}, {{W-|is|húsasmiður|n}}, {{W-|is|snikkari|n}}, {{W-|is|timburmaður|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|大工|tr=だいく, daiku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|fuster|n}}, {{W+|ca|fustera|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W-|ky|жыгач устасы}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|목수}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|lignārius|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|galdnieks|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຊ່າງໄມ້}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|dailidė|n}}
* {{Z|lg}}: {{W-|lg|mubazzi}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|столар|n}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ആശാരി}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|tukang kayu}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|mastrudaxxa|n}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|सुतार}}
* {{Z|mzn}}: {{W-|mzn|چوتاش|tr=čutâš}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ács}}, {{W+|hu|épületasztalos}}, {{W+|hu|asztalos}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|мужаан}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|kin ííłʼíní}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Timmermann|n}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|tchèrpentchi|n}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|tømrer|n}}, {{W-|nb|tømmermann|n}}, {{W+|nb|snekker|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|tømrar|n}}, {{W-|nn|tømmermann|n}}, {{W-|nn|snikkar|n}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W-|oc|menusièr|n}}, {{W-|oc|menuisièra|m}}, {{W-|oc|menusèr|n}}, {{W-|oc|menusèra|m}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|مارانغوز|tr=marangoz}}, {{W-|ota|دولگر|tr=dülger}}, {{W-|ota|طوغرامه‌جی|tr=doğramacı}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W+|ug|ياغاچچى}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|duradgor}}
* {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|vaḍḍhakī}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|ترکاڼ|n|tr=tarkāṇ}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Holtoabeida|n}}, {{W-|pdt|Descha|n}}, {{W-|pdt|Temmamaun|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|cieśla|n}}, {{W+|pl|stolarz|n}}, {{W+|pl|stolarka|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|marceneiro|n}}, {{W-|pt|marceneira|m}}, {{W+|pt|carpinteiro|n}}, {{W+|pt|carpinteira|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W+|pa|ਤਰਖਾਣ}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|ағаш ұстасы}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|lainari|n}}, {{W-|rm|scrinari|n}}, {{W-|rm|marangun|n}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|duramažís}}, {{W-|rom|duramaǰís}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|dulgher|n}}, {{W+|ro|tâmplar|n}}, {{W+|ro|lemnar|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|пло́тник|n}}, {{W+|ru|столя́р|n}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|तक्षन्|n}}, {{W+|sa|छेदि|n}}, {{W+|sa|त्वष्टृ|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|те̏са̄р|n}}, {{W-|sh|сто̏ла̄р|n}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|tȅsār|n}}, {{W+|sh|stȍlār|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|tesár|n}}, {{W-|sk|truhlár|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|tesar|n}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|najaar}}
* {{Z|nso}}: {{W-|nso|mmêtli}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|carpintero|n}}, {{W-|es|carpintera|m}}, {{W+|es|ebanista|n|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|seremala}}
* {{Z|ss}}: {{W-|ss|um-bati}}, {{W-|ss|wemápulángo}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|timmerman|g}}, {{W+|sv|snickare|g}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W-|sn|muvezi}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|дуредгар}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|anluwagi}}, {{W-|tl|karpintero}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|தச்சன்}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ช่างไม้}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dülger}}, {{W+|tr|marangoz}}, {{W+|tr|doğramacı|y}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|agaç ussasy}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|tarkāttsa}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|بڑھئی|n|tr=baṛhaī}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|тесля́р|n}}, {{W-|uk|те́сля|n}}, {{W-|uk|стола́р|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|marangon|n}}, {{W-|vec|marangona|m}}, {{W+|vec|carpenter|n}}, {{W-|vec|carpentera|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|thợ mộc}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|kapenan|n|m}}, {{W-|vo|hikapenan|n}}, {{W-|vo|jikapenan|m}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|saer coed|n}}, {{W+|cy|saer|n}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ជាងឈើ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|סטאָליער|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ξυλουργός|n}}, {{W+|el|μαραγκός|n}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|τέκτων|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|carpenter|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75880764}}


=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kar]]ê xeritandina [[rez]] û [[bîstan]]an
#: ''Em ji '''xeratê''' dihên.''
#: '''''Xerata''' rezan payizê ye.''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5ijcixaoh06xcx7tpfdtrcupx0vth1t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bîm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39813</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291258</id>
      <parentid>6278814</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291258</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2644" sha1="f3ef0emhrearkcw7ukbjvbfky0ywxwf" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|bim}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bîm|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[temînat]], [[sîgorta]], [[misogerî]], &lt;br&gt;[[peyman]] di [[navber]]a du kesan de ku eger [[ziyan]] [[gihiştin|gihişt]] [[mal]]ê yekî yê din dê [[tezmînat]]ê bidiyê
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bîma''' tirimpêla min 200 euro ye.|Ez her sal 200 euroyan didim [[şirket]]ekê lê eger erebeya min [[ziyan]]dar bû, şirket dê bihayê tirimpêla min bide min.}}
# [[garantî]], [[soz]]a ku eger tiştê hatiye [[firotin]] [[xirab]] bibe dê alî [[firoşkar]]ê wî ve bêt [[tezmînat]]kirin
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[piştrastî]], [[misogerî]], [[ewlehî]], [[ewlekarî]], [[tenahî]], [[temîn]]bûn yan [[temîn]]kirin
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bîme}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bîme kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bîmekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bîmekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêbîme
|bibîme
|bîmedar
|bîmedarî
|bîmeder
|bîmederî
|bîmeyî
|bîmekar
|bîmekarî
|bîmeker
|bîmekerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|versekering}}, {{W-|af|assuransie}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Versicherung|f}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осигуряване}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|pojištìní}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|保险}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|forsikring}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|asuransi}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|‏تأمين}}, {{W+|ar|تأمين|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|asekuro}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[بیمه]] (bîme)
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vakuutus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|assurance}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|fersekering}}, {{W-|fy|assurânsje}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verzekering}}, {{W+|nl|assurantie}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|אחריות}}, {{W+|he|בטוח}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|insurance}}, [[indemnity]]; [[guarantee]]
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|árachas}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|assicurazione}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|保険}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|보험}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|biztosítás}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|forsikring}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|gwarancja}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|seguro}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|asigurare}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|страховка}}, {{W+|ru|страховой}}, {{W+|ru|страхование}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|àrachas}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|seguro}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|försäkring|m}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|segúro}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sigorta}}, {{W+|tr|güvence}}, {{W+|tr|teminat}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|strahowanie}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|страхування}}, {{W-|uk|страховий}}, {{W+|uk|гарантія}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ασφάλιση}}, {{W+|el|ασφάλεια}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>f3ef0emhrearkcw7ukbjvbfky0ywxwf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hela</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39907</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291259</id>
      <parentid>6282240</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291259</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1057" sha1="lt8id1d756qni55clnpcbtuu69bk9nr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[ka|Ka]], [[de]], [[dê]], [[haydê]], [[yella]], [[haydî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Hela were vir!|rêz=1|Ka were vê derê!}}
# [[ta|Ta]], [[heta]].
#: {{nm|ku|Hela tu hatî, ew çû jî.|rêz=1|Heta ku tu hatî, ew çû jî.}}
# Ji '''[[hel]]'''.

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[hele]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|خوب!حالا !|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|هنوز نه|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|sv}}
# [[hemû]], [[tev]]
#: {{nm|sv|'''hela''' dagen|hemû rojê|rêz=1}}

==== Bide ber ====
* [[varje]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|sv}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|هنوز}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[tiwalet]], [[destavxane]], [[çolik]], [[WC]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|tr
|apteshane
|kademhane
|memişhane
|kenef
|ayakyolu
|yüznumara
|hacet yeri
|aralık
}}</text>
      <sha1>lt8id1d756qni55clnpcbtuu69bk9nr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>wijdan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>40116</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291260</id>
      <parentid>6263028</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291260</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1993" sha1="jfxhbko213h4wkrq7c7qpmve68l8l0z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/wɪʒˈdɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|wij|dan}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|wijdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[parsk]], [[bext]], [[dadî]], [[insaf]], [[edalet]], [[dadmendî]], [[dadperwerî]], [[dilovanî]], [[rehm]], [[dilnermî]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[zemîr]], [[heqîqet]]
#* {{nm|ku|Wijdana xwe aram biken.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|وژدان}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|wicdan
|ojdan
|ûjdan
|wîjdan
|wujdan
|wûjdan
|ocdan
|ûcdan
|wîcdan
|wucdan
|wûcdan
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|وجدان}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêwijdan
|bêwijdanî
|bêwijdanîtî
|bêwijdantî
|biwijdan
|wijdandar
|wijdanî
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: [[zewêll]], [[wîjdan]], [[nîhad]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|besef}}, {{W-|af|besinning}}, {{W-|af|gewete}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Gewissen|n}}, {{W+|de|Bewusstsein|n}}, {{W+|de|Bewußtsein}}, {{W+|de|Gewissenhaftigkeit|f}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|bevidsthed}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|وجدان}}, {{W+|ar|ضمير}}, {{W+|ar|ضمیر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|konscienco}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|وجدان}}, {{W+|fa|وجدان}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|samvitska}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|omatunto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|conscience}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|bewustwêzen}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bewustzijn}}, {{W+|nl|geweten}}, {{W+|nl|besef}}, {{W+|nl|bezinning}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|conscience}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|consapevolezza}}, {{W+|it|coscienza}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|意識}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|consciència}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W-|pl|Świadomość}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|conhecimento}}, {{W+|pt|consciência}}, {{W-|pt|sentimento de si}}, {{W-|pt|foro íntimo}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|Сознание}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|consciente}}, {{W+|es|conocimiento}}, {{W+|es|conciencia}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|medvetande}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|insaf}}, {{W+|tr|vicdan}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jfxhbko213h4wkrq7c7qpmve68l8l0z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mîrat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>40221</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291261</id>
      <parentid>6284792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291261</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1848" sha1="c24x6awilk1qmjly3ip2ii7xunm5upb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mîrat|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[mal|Mal]]ê ku ji [[dêbav]]ên [[mirî]] ji [[zarok]]ên wan re dimîne.
#: {{hevmane|ku|mîras|berma|jêma|paşma}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# Hertişta/ê ku [[nifş]]ekî ji yên li [[dû]] xwe re [[hiştin|hiştiye]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|mîras|kelepûr|kevneşopî|tradisyon}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Xurşîdê çerxa felek H&lt;/br&gt;Hatiye nêv '''mîrat'''ê W&lt;/br&gt;însan e sûretmelek}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|میرات}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|mîrate}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|mîratî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Herwiha [[mîras]] ji {{ji|ar|ku|ميراث|cuda=مِيرَاث}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mîrat girtin
|mîrat xwarin
|mîratgirtin
|mîratxwarin
|bêmîrat
|bêmîratî
|malmîrat
|malmîratî
|mîratgir
|mîrathêl
|mîratî
|mîratxwer
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Erbe}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Erbschaft}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Vererbung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإرث|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|التراث|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|التركة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المیراث|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الورث|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|موروث|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|باقیمانده}}, {{W|fa|میراث}}, {{W|fa|ارث}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|inheritance}}, {{W|en|bequest}}, {{W|en|tradition}}, {{W|en|heirloom|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bırakıt}}, {{W|tr|intikal}}, {{W|tr|kalıt}}, {{W|tr|meret}}, {{W|tr|miras}}, {{W|tr|kırıntı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[wêran]], [[xopan]], [[kavil]], [[xirabe]], [[xirbe]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mala dijminan '''mîrat''' bibe!}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>c24x6awilk1qmjly3ip2ii7xunm5upb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pihêt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>40397</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291262</id>
      <parentid>6285877</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291262</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1586" sha1="234wf3cctfxd3g9xt5h3zgeowkr02lm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|pihêt}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[Xurt]], [[qayîm]], [[zexm]], [[qewî]], [[peyt]].
#: {{nm|ku|Eve zelamekî '''pihêt''' e.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Ji hesretê perdeyek pihêt anîn &lt;br&gt;Bi wê pêçan çav û guh û dilê min&lt;br&gt;Li bin bîra ji bîr rabûnê danîn&lt;br&gt;Ji bîr bû dil, bê hêvî û bê xwedan.|Rojen Barnas: ''Gula Cawîdan'', Netkurd.com, 6/2007}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|pehêt
|pêt
|pît
}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|peyt
|pêt
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|fihêt}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pihêt bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pihêt kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pihêtbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pihêtkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pihêtbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pihêtkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pihêtî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|eng}}, {{W+|de|dicht}}, {{W+|de|standhaft}}, {{W-|de|unnachsichtig}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آذر}}, {{W+|fa|حریق}}, {{W+|fa|محکم}}, {{W-|fa|محکم وفشرده}}, {{W+|fa|زردرنگ}}, {{W+|fa|قایم}}, {{W+|fa|الو}}, {{W-|fa|شعله‌ور}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|solid}}, {{W+|en|tightened}}, (of a person, machine etc) {{W+|en|sound}}, {{W+|en|solid}}, ?{{W+|en|cord}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dayanıklı}}, {{W+|tr|pat}}, {{W+|tr|sağlam}}, {{W+|tr|sıkı}}, {{W+|tr|berk}}, {{W+|tr|katı}}, {{W+|tr|pek}}, {{W+|tr|hüccet}}, {{W+|tr|ispat}}, {{W+|tr|saptanım}}, {{W+|tr|şut}}, {{W+|tr|tanıt}}, {{W+|tr|tekme}}, {{W+|tr|tespit}}, {{W+|tr|yalaz}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>234wf3cctfxd3g9xt5h3zgeowkr02lm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nazî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>40629</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291263</id>
      <parentid>6249949</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291263</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1855" sha1="samu752e3y9p8t12lpirx9ocme4azmv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nazî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nazdarî]], [[naz]]bûn, [[celwe]], [[îşwe]], [[alûsî]], [[cîlwe]], [[nazdarî]], [[naz-û-nûz]], [[flort]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|nazîtî
|naztî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|naz|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Ziererei|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|coqueting|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|national socialist|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|naz}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{bend}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[partî|Partiya]] [[sosyalîst|Sosyalîst]] ya [[neteweperist|Neteweperist]] ya [[Almanya]]yê ku [[serok]]ê wê Adolf Hitler bû
#: {{nm|ku|Almanyaya '''nazî'''.|Almanya di dema desthilata Hitler de|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nazî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nazîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nazîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|neonazî
|nazîst
|nazîzm
|nazîtî
|nûnazî
|nûnazîtî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|de|ku|Nazi}} ji kurtkirina {{q|de|Nationalsozialist|w=sosyalîstên neteweperist}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Nazi|m}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|natsi}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Nazi}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|Nazi}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[endam]]ê/a wê [[partî|partiyê]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Naziyan''' 6 milyon Cihû kuştin.}}
# {{f|ku|bi berfirehkirinê|mecazî}} [[zordar]], [[stemkar]], [[zalim]], [[zordest]], [[neheq]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''naziyê''' rêzimanê ye. Ti şaşiyên rêzimanî qebûl nake.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[rastgir]]ên [[tundrew]], [[faşist]], [[şovenîst]], [[neteweperist]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew hemû '''nazî''' ne.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>samu752e3y9p8t12lpirx9ocme4azmv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bexş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>40850</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291264</id>
      <parentid>6243230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291264</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1626" sha1="1id47pe38jer6dmujm1adjq0ur7rg5x" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bexş|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[diyarî]], [[hediye]], [[îkram]], [[kerem]], [[raberî]], [[pêşkêşî]], [[dan]], [[dayîn]], [[xelat]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[lêborîn]], [[bexşîn]], [[bexşandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌خش}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[bexiş]]

==== Têkildar ====
* [[pexş]]

==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|Lêker}} [[bexş kirin]]
* {{mj|Navdêr}} [[bexşkirin]]
* {{mj|Navdêr}} [[bexşkirî]]
* [[bexşandin]]
* [[bexşandî]]
* [[bexşende]]
* [[bexşîn]]
* [[bexşîner]]
* [[bexşî]]
* [[bexşker]]
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|ine-pro|ku|*bʰeh₂g-|w=[[pêşkêş]] kirin, [[diyarî]] kirin, [[dan]]}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|fa|بخش}} (bexş), {{hv|xpr|b'xş'h}}, {{hv|pal||bexş'y-}}, {{q|pal||ʾpexş'd-}},. Herwiha hevreha ''[[bext]], [[bac]], [[bax]], [[beg]]''...

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}} : {{W+|de|Spende|m}}, {{W+|de|Trinkgeld|n}}, {{W-|de|Dotierung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|تبرع}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|endowment}}, {{W+|en|largesse}}, {{W+|en|donation}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|af}}, {{W+|tr|bağış}}, {{W+|tr|hibe}}, {{W+|tr|kerem}}, {{W+|tr|mevhibe}}, {{W+|tr|teberru}}, {{W+|tr|ihsan}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|zza}}
# {{g|ku|bexş}}, [[hîbe]], [[efû]]&lt;ref&gt;http: //www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{nm|zza||Ez xaniyê xwe bexşê birê xwe dikim.}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>1id47pe38jer6dmujm1adjq0ur7rg5x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pirtikî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41273</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291265</id>
      <parentid>6124743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291265</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="841" sha1="7zt9pf288ti8kwpic6m5oaknhp9wq8d" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[pirt]]-pirtbûyî, [[hûr]]-hûrbûyî, [[pirtikandî]], [[pergende]], [[pejmûrde]]
#: {{nm|ku|Perdaq bi erdê ket û '''pirtikî'''.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[dirandî]], [[peritandî]], [[pijikandî]], [[çirandî]]}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{q|ku|pirtikîn}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pirtikî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pirtikî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pirtikîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pirtikîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pirtikîdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pirtikîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pirtikîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|verdorben}}, {{W+|de|fragmentarisch|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fragmentary|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|frittered|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|pürtüklü}}, {{W+|tr|pütürlü}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7zt9pf288ti8kwpic6m5oaknhp9wq8d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dîndar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41669</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291266</id>
      <parentid>6107638</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291266</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1848" sha1="k8hzomvo3ivr2d8c1vxhculiyktp8km" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dîndar|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê ku [[bawerî]] bi [[dîn]]ekî heye û wî [[dîn]]î [[peristin|diperêse]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|bawermend|ayîndar|oldar}}
#: {{nm|ku|Misilmanên '''dîndar'''.|Misilmanên [[nivêjker]], [[rojîgir]] û [[zikatder]]|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Tu ya pîs î ya fe'ar î (X.)&lt;/br&gt;156. Te ne şikl e û ne '''dîndar''' e (X.)}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[dînperist|Dînperist]], [[xwedaperist]], [[ayîndar]], [[ayînî]], [[teqwa]], [[ayînperist]].}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dîndarî
|dîndarîtî
|dîndartî
|dîndar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dîndar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dîndarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dîndarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dîndarbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dîndarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dîn|-dar}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|godsdienstig}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|religiös}}, {{W|de|fromm}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|religiøs}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|متدين}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|religiema}}, {{W|eo|monaĥa}}, {{W|eo|religia}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|اهل دین}}, {{W|fa|دیدار}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|trúar}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|uskonnollinen}}, {{W|fi|uskovainen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|religieux|m}}, {{W|fr|religieuse|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|gelovig}}, {{W|nl|godsdienstig}}, {{W|nl|religieus}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|religious}} (person), {{W|en|worshipper}}, {{W|en|gooly|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|pietist|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|religioner|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|trúaður}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|vallásos}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|religiøs}}, {{W|no|troende}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|religioso}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|religioso}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|religiös}}, {{W|sv|troende}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|dindar}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>k8hzomvo3ivr2d8c1vxhculiyktp8km</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>buxtan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41748</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291267</id>
      <parentid>6254057</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291267</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1817" sha1="go4nqrfk7lzj1eljskfekmr2akwwpz4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-buxtan.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|buxtan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[iftira|Iftira]], [[newehî]], [[derew]] li ser kesekî gotin, [[virr]], [[nerastî]], [[xîlaf]], [[fesad]], [[tawanbar]]kirina kesekî bi [[bihane]]yên [[derew]] û [[bêbingeh]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''buxtanan''' li min dike.|Ew derewan li ser min dike daku min tawanbar bike.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bihtan
|buhtan
|bixtan
|qeremet
|qirêmet
|qerûmet
}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|bêbextî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|buxtan kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|buxtankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|buxtankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|buxtanî
|buxtanker
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|Botan
|butan
|Bûtan
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|بهتان}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Verleumdung|f}}, {{W+|de|Beleidigung|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|誹謗}}, {{W+|zh|诽谤}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|افتراء}}, {{W+|ar|كذب}}, {{W+|ar|بهتان}}, {{W-|ar|زور}}, {{W-|ar|تلفيق}}, {{W-|ar|باطل}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kunnianloukkaus}}, {{W+|fi|herjaus}}, {{W+|fi|solvaus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|calomnie|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|laster|m}}, {{W+|nl|smaad}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|slander}}, {{W+|en|defamation}}, {{W+|en|aspersion}}, {{W+|en|calumny}}, [[false]] [[accusation]], {{W+|en|calumniation}}, {{W+|en|denigration}}, {{W+|en|malediction}}, {{W+|en|obloquy}}, {{W+|en|scandal}}, {{W+|en|smear}}, [[defamatory]] [[imputation]] [[vilification]], {{W-|en|reflectioning}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|calunnia|f}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|iftira}}, [[kara]] [[çalma]], {{W+|tr|bühtan}}, {{W+|tr|jurnal}}, {{W+|tr|musanna}}
* {{Z|el}}: [[δυσφήμηση]]  (dusfémese)
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>go4nqrfk7lzj1eljskfekmr2akwwpz4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>şkestî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41764</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291268</id>
      <parentid>6243934</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291268</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3022" sha1="i1nfeovysn27xchub9qfrej1tk444xd" xml:space="preserve">{{ds|şkestî|şikestî}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tişta/ê ku hatiye [[şkandin]], [[şkandî]], &lt;br&gt;[[hûr]]-[[hûr]]bûyî yan [[parçe]]-[[parçe]]bûyî.
#: {{nm|ku|Perdaq şkestî ye.}}
# tişta/ê ku [[nêz]]î [[hûr]]-[[hûr]]bûnê yan [[parçe]]-[[parçe]]bûnê bûye.
#: {{nm|ku|Destê min şkestî ye.}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[êşiyayî]], [[êşandî]], [[xeyidandî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Dilê wê şkestî ye.}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[xirabe]]
#: {{nm|ku|Bi kurmancîyek '''şkestî''' diaxivî.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|شكه‌ستی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|şikestî}}
* {{g|ku|şikiyayî}}
* {{g|ku|şikî}}
* {{g|ku|şkiyayî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji ''[[şkestin]]''.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|şkestî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|şkestî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|şkestîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|şkestîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|şkestîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|şkestîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gebrochen}}, {{W+|de|zerbrochen}}, {{W+|de|kaputt}}, {{W+|de|defekt}}, {{W+|de|beschädigt}}, {{W+|de|entzwei}}, {{W+|de|abgebrochen}}, {{W+|de|fragmentarisch|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|losgebrochen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Fraktur|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|壞}}了
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|pecah}}, {{W+|id|patah}}, {{W+|id|retak}}, {{W+|id|rusak}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مكسور|tr=meksûr}}, {{W-|ar|القصید|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|القصیم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المكسور|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النهیض|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|خاشع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|خناث|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|متكسر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مغلوب|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|مهزوم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شکسته}}, {{W-|fa|ﺷﮑﺳﺗﮫ}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|särkynyt}}, {{W+|fi|rikkoutunut}}, {{W+|fi|murtunut}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cassé}}, {{W+|fr|brisé}}, {{W+|fr|rompu}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gebroken}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|broken}}, {{W+|en|refractive}}, {{W+|en|fragmentary}}, {{W+|en|shattered}}, {{W+|en|smashed}}, {{W+|en|wrecked}}, {{W+|en|cracked}}, {{W+|en|wrack}}, {{W+|en|broken down|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|broken up|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|in pieces|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|briste}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|rotto}}, {{W-|it|avarìa}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|割れた|tr=[[われた]], wareta}}, {{W-|ja|壊れた|tr=[[こわれた]], kowareta}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|fractus|m}}, {{W+|la|fracta|f}}, {{W+|la|fractum|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|törött}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|quebrado}}, {{W+|pt|partido}}, {{W+|pt|despedaçado}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|roto|m}}, {{W+|es|rota|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bruten}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kırılmak}}, {{W+|tr|münkesir}}, {{W+|tr|şikeste}}, {{W+|tr|ezik}}, {{W+|tr|kırık}}, {{W+|tr|kırılmış}}, {{W+|tr|sınık}}, {{W+|tr|geçkin|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kart|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|anaç|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|düşük|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kalık|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σπασμένος}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>i1nfeovysn27xchub9qfrej1tk444xd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêaqilî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41858</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291269</id>
      <parentid>6244589</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291269</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="957" sha1="isqs80sq2nll5pcoowo04i3s07tn8ei" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bêaqilî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bêhişî]], [[dînî]], [[şêtî]], [[aqilsivikî]], [[bêaqilbûn]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# tiştên [[xirab]] yên ku tenê mirovên [[bêaqil]] dikin
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bêaqiliyan''' nekin!}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بێئاقلی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bêaqilîtî
|bêaqiltî
|bêeqilî
|bêeqilîtî
|bêeqiltî
}}

=== Dijmane ===
{{kol3|ku
|hişmendî
|hişyarî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêaqilî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêaqilîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêaqilîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|bêaqil|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Unverstand|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حماقت}}, {{W-|fa|بی عقلی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|folly}}, [[foolish]] thing
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|akılsızlık}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>isqs80sq2nll5pcoowo04i3s07tn8ei</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>boçik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41872</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291270</id>
      <parentid>6261695</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291270</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17713" sha1="pvubh2z0earh2kqv5v4dlmisdu06uo5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-boçik.wav|Deng|dever=Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|boçik|mê}}
[[Wêne:Ring tailed lemurs.jpg|thumb|Du heywanên bi '''boçikên''' dirêj.({{sno|ku|dûvika heywanan}})]]
[[Wêne:Gray 111 - Vertebral column-coloured ku.png|thumb|Hestiyê qilênce an '''boçikê''' di diyagrama movikê de li herî dawiyê ye.({{sno|ku|dawiya movikê}})]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{maneid|ku|dûvika heywanan}} {{f|ku|heywannasî}} [[dav|Dav]]a [[heywan]]an a bi [[derqûn]]ê ve.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|dûvik|kilik|kurîk|doç|dûv|daw}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ker '''boçika''' xwe dihejîne û mêşan pê vedirevîne.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=Bi '''boçika''' kerê de tenekeyek bi benekî hatibû girêdan.|kovar=Çira|sernav=HELEB: &quot;UMMUDDUNYA&quot;|nivîskar=Şahînê Bekirê Soreklî|hejmar=5|sal=1996|rûpel=71}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=Wextê mêrik kevçîkî diduya lê dixe, '''boçika''' masiyan tê xuyanê.|kovar=Kurd'Înalco|sernav=BOÇIKA CINNÊ : BOÇIKA MASIYÊ|url=https://kovarakurdinalco.files.wordpress.com/2020/05/kovara_kurdinalco_hejmara_yekem.pdf|nivîskar=Şevîn Elegez|hejmar=1|sal=2019|rûpel=39}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Heywanikê carina '''boçika''' xwe hêl dikir û li qûna xwe dixist da ku mêş û mozan ji xwe biqewitîne.|url=https://www.salomecizrawi.com/kera-qocin.htm|sernav=Kêra Qoçîn|malper=salomecizrawi.com|nivîskar=Ferhadê Mihemed|sal=2019}}
# {{maneid|ku|dawiya movikê}} {{f|ku|anatomî}} [[hestî|Hestiyê]] li dawiya [[movik]]ê.&lt;ref&gt;{{mustafa gazî|r=19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Musa Anter|r=26}}&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|qilênce|kilêjî}}
#: {{jornav|ku|hestî}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Marîpişta mirovan ji 24 parçe hestîyan pêk hatiye. 7 ji wana li berê marîpişta histti, 12 li marîpişta sîng, 5 li marîpişta navpiştê, 5 li marîpişta runiştekê û 3-5 marîpişta '''boçikê''' hatine avakirin.|nivîskar=Hüseyin Bektaş|sernav=Anatomîya Bedena Mirovan|weşanxane=Weşanên Deng|sal=2004|rûpel=18|isbn=975-7011-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Tiştê baş serê min li erdê neket û neşikiya, lê ji ber ku ez pir xerab ketim, ez boçikî bûm. Do ez bi kûtanî çûm Newrozê. Li ser kursiya hişk, bi saetan rûniştan jî pir zor bû. Lê kêfxweşiya temaşekirina govenda kurdan ya bi sedan kesî, pir hindik êşa '''boçikê''' bi min dida jibîrkirin.|nivîskar=Zinarê Xamo|sernav=Min zivistana îsal bi selametî xelas nekir|url=https://zinarexamo.blogspot.com/2013/03/min-zivistana-isal-bi-selameti-xelas.html?m=1|malper=zinarexamo.blogspot.com|sal=2013}}
# {{maneid|ku|Beşa ku fêkiyê bi şaxê ve girêdide}} {{f|ku|riweknasî}} [[beş|Beşeke]] [[nebat]]an a [[tenik]] ku [[kulîlk]] an [[fêkî|fêkiyê]] bi [[şax]]ê ve [[girêdan|girêdide]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Remezan bi '''boçika''' hêjîra zipîzer î girover û mezin girtibû, pêşî li xweşikbûna wê nihêrîbû bi dû re jî bi derbekê re heta boçikê xistibû devê xwe, xwaribû.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=38}}}}
# {{maneid|ku|cigareya xilasbûyî}} [[cigare|Cigareya]] ku hatiye kişandin.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|qopik|id1=cigareya xilasbûyî|qotik|id2=cigareya xilasbûyî|doçik|seroke|binik|quncik}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Tê gotin ku li temamê Portekîzê di her deqîqeyek de 7 hezar '''boçikên''' cixareyê diavêjin erdê.|sernav=Ji bo boçika cixareyê 250 Euro ceza didin|url=https://diyarname.com/news.php?Idx=36774|malper=diyarname.com|sal=2019}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Cotkarê bi navê Heme Mûstleg jî dibêje, &quot;Bi xwedê em ji agir ditirsin, rêyeke sereke belkî kesek bi enqest yan ne enqset '''boçika''' çixara xwe bavêje û agir pêkeve, gelek kes deyindar in û çavê wan li vî mûsimî ye.(...)&quot;|sernav=Asayişê ji bo parastina genimê cotkaran xalên çavdêriyê danîn|url=http://www.rupelanu.com/asayise-ji-bo-parastina-genime-cotkaran-xalen-cavderiye-danin-11267h.htm|malper=rupelanu.com|sal=2020}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Di rewşên weha de di navbera hebûn û nebûnê de meriv xwe bêqîmet dihesibîne mîna '''boçika''' cixareyê. |nivîskar=|sernav=cizb|url=http://devliken.blogspot.com/2021/03/cizb.html|malper=devliken.blogspot.com|sal=2021}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بۆچک}}
* {{ku-kr|бочьк}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|boç}}
* {{g|ku|boçk}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|
| biboçik
| bêboçik
| boçiksor
| boçikî bûyîn
| hestiyê boçikê
| bi boçikê girtin
| boçik lê ricifîn
| boçik kirin sing
| boçika xwe rep kirin
| boçik pê ve girêdan
| boçika xwe bilind girtin
| boçik li ba kirin
| li ser boçika xwe rûniştin
| boçika wî ketîye qûnê
| boçik bi davikê xistin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|hy|ku|պոչիկ|w=dav}}, ji {{qertaf|hy|պոչ|-իկ|nekat=1}}. {{anlz|ku|boç|-ik}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|dawa heywanan|1}}
* {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|аҵыхәа}}
* {{Z|ace}}: {{W-|ace|iku}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|stert}}
* {{Z|aho}}: {{W-|aho|𑜍𑜂𑜫}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|bisht|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schwanz|n}}, {{W+|de|Schweif|n}}, {{W+|de|Sterz|n}}, {{W+|de|Stert|n}}, {{W+|de|Zagel|n}}, {{W+|de|Bürzel|n}}, {{W+|de|Rute|m}}, {{W+|de|Schwänzchen|nt}}, {{W-|de|Schwänzlein|nt}}
* {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ጅራት}}
* {{Z|apn}}: {{W-|apn|jamy}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|coda|m}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|coadã}}
* {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|নেজ}}, {{W-|as|নেগুৰ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|rabu|n}}
* {{Z|av}}: {{W-|av|рачӏчӏ}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|quyruq}}
* {{Z|bdr}}: {{W-|bdr|engko}}
* {{Z|ban}}: {{W-|ban|buntut}}, {{W-|ban|hikuh}}
* {{Z|bjn}}: {{W-|bjn|buntut}}, {{W-|bjn|ikung}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|buztan}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ҡойроҡ}}
* {{Z|sne}}: {{W-|sne|kuon}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|хвост|n}}
* {{Z|bal}}: {{W-|bal|دمب|tr=dumb}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|লেজ}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|ikog}}
* {{Z|kxd}}: {{W-|kxd|ikung}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|опа́шка|m}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|အမြီး|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|һүүл}}
* {{Z|cjm}}: {{W-|cjm|ꨁꨆꨭꨩ|tr=iku'}}
* {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|цӏога}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|ocas|n}}, {{W+|cs|chvost|n}}, {{W+|cs|ohon|n}}
* {{Z|cdm}}: {{W-|cdm|मेः}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|mchira}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|尾|tr=mei5|sc=Hani}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|йиба}}
*: {{Z|gan}}: {{W-|gan|尾巴|tr=ui3 ba / mi3 bang}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|尾|tr=mî|sc=Hani}}, {{W-|hak|尾巴|tr=mi1 ba1}}
*: {{Z|cjy}}: {{W-|cjy|尾巴|tr=i2 ba1}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|尾巴|tr=wěibā|sc=Hani}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|尾|tr=muōi}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|尾|tr=bóe, bé|sc=Hani}}, {{W+|nan|尾仔|tr=bóe-á, bé-á|sc=Hani}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|尾巴|tr=nyi po}}
*: {{Z|hsn}}: {{W-|hsn|尾巴|tr=uei3 ba1}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|хӳре}}
* {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|cauda|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|hale|g}}
* {{Z|avd}}: {{W-|avd|دمب|tr=domb}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|ekor}}, {{W+|id|buntut}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ذَنَب|n}}, {{W-|ar|ذَيْل|n}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|ديل‎|n|tr=dīl}}, {{W-|ary|زنطيط|n|tr=zanṭīṭ}}, {{W-|ary|قزيبة|m|tr=qazzība}}, {{W-|ary|شوال|n|tr=šwāl}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|ديل|n|tr=dél|sc=Arab}}
* {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|ագի}}, {{W-|xcl|պոչ}}, {{W-|xcl|ձետ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|պոչ}}
* {{Z|myv}}: {{W-|myv|пуло}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|vosto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|saba}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|ирги|tr=irgi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دم|tr=dom|sc=fa-Arab}}, {{W+|fa|دنب|tr=domb|sc=fa-Arab}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|häntä}}, {{W+|fi|pyrstö}}, {{W+|fi|saparo}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|queue|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|code|m}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|sturt}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|earball|n}}, {{W-|gd|eàrr|n|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|rabo}}, {{W+|gl|cauda|m}},{{W-|gl|tomadía|m}}, {{W+|gl|cola|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|კუდი|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|gue}}: {{W-|gue|jawurd}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|ke|}}, {{W-|ht|tche|}}
* {{Z|ha}}: {{W-|ha|wutsiya}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|पूंछ|m}}, {{W+|hi|पूँछ|m}}, {{W+|hi|दुम|m}}
* {{Z|mww}}: {{W-|mww|tw}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|staart|n}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|זָנָב|n|tr=zanáv}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|kaudo}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|tæġl|n}}, {{W-|ang|steort|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|tail}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|eireaball|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|coda|m}}
* {{Z|ium}}: {{W-|ium|dueiv}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hali|n}}, {{W+|is|skott|nt}} or {{W+|is|rófa|m}}, {{W+|is|tagl}}, {{W+|is|dindill|n}}, {{W+|is|stél|nt}}, {{W+|is|sporður|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|尻尾|tr=しっぽ, shippo|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|しっぽ|tr=shippo|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|尾|tr=お, o|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|尾っぽ|tr=oppo}}
* {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|buntut}}
* {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|сүл}}
* {{Z|kmc}}: {{W-|kmc|sedl}}
* {{Z|ram}}: {{W-|ram|japy}}
* {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|ògón|n}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|cua|m}}
* {{Z|txu}}: {{W-|txu|jamy}}, {{W-|txu|tey}}
* {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|my}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|cupa}}
* {{Z|kzi}}: {{W-|kzi|iur}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|куйрук}}, {{W+|ky|дүм}}
* {{Z|ki}}: {{W-|ki|mũcuthĩ|c3}}
* {{Z|kqr}}: {{W-|kqr|noinan}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|අවර|sc=Sinh}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|бӧж}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|꼬리}}
* {{Z|xra}}: {{W-|xra|japy}}
* {{Z|rop}}: {{W-|rop|teil}}
* {{Z|cuk}}: {{W-|cuk|bunnu}}
* {{Z|lmy}}: {{W-|lmy|kiku}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|aste|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|cauda}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|aste|m}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W+|lo|ຫາງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|uodega}}
* {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|tabār }}, {{W-|liv|tabārd }}
* {{Z|khb}}: {{W-|khb|ᦠᦱᧂ}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|опашка|m}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|rambo}}
* {{Z|ml}}: {{W-|ml|വാല്‍}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|ekor}}, {{W+|ms|buntut}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|denb|n}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|arbyl|n}}, {{W-|gv|famman|n}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hiore}}, {{W-|mi|whiore}}, {{W-|mi|waero}}, {{W-|mi|hiku}}, {{W-|mi|kapu}}
* {{Z|mhr}}: {{W-|mhr|поч}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|farok}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|ikiu}}
* {{Z|mdf}}: {{W-|mdf|пула}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|сүүл}}
* {{Z|mtq}}: {{W-|mtq|tuôi}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|atseeʼ}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W+|nds|Steert|n}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|पुच्छर}}
* {{Z|nio}}: {{W-|nio|тәйбу}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|coue|m}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|hale|n}}, {{W-|nb|stjert|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|hale|n}}, {{W-|nn|stjert|n}}
* {{Z|cst}}: {{W-|cst|tú̄pui}}
* Ojibwe: {{W-|oj|ozow}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|coa|m}}
* {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|eegee}}
* {{Z|orh}}: {{W-|orh|irgi}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|дымӕг}}, {{W-|os|къӕдзил}}, {{W-|os|къуди}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|قویروق|tr=quyruq}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|قۇيرۇق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|dum}}, {{W+|uz|ket}}, {{W+|uz|quyruq}}
* {{Z|pwn}}: {{W-|pwn|iku}}
* {{Z|kre}}: {{W-|kre|sãnpy}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|ikol}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|rabo}}, {{W-|pap|rabu}}
* {{Z|gvp}}: {{W-|gvp|japy}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Zoagel|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|ogon|n}}, {{W+|pl|chwost|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|rabo|n}}, {{W+|pt|cauda|m}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W-|pa|ਪੂਸ਼}}, {{W-|pa|ਦੁਮ}}, {{W-|pa|ਦੁੰਬ}}
* {{Z|sai-pyk}}: {{W-|sai-pyk|japyyh}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|құйрық}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|cua}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|coadă}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|хвост|n}}
* {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|хвост|n}}
* {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|i‘u}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|ikog}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|cuda}}
* {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|szwanc|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|ре̑п|n}}, {{W+|sh|rȇp|n}}
* {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|хвостъ}}
* {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|хвостъ|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|chvost|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|rep|n}}
*  {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wogon|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cola|m}}, {{W+|es|rabo|n}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|ᮘᮥᮔ᮪ᮒᮥᮒ᮪}}
* {{Z|suy}}: {{W-|suy|mby}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|mkia|c3|c4}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|svans|g}}, {{W+|sv|stjärt|g}}
* {{Z|shn}}: {{W-|shn|ႁၢင်|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|utsungo|c11|c10a}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|қузуруқ|tr=quzuruq}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|дум}}
* {{Z|mvv}}: {{W-|mvv|iku'}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|buntot|nt}}
* {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|வால்}}
* {{Z|twf}}: {{W-|twf|xwę́na}}
* {{Z|sai-tap}}: {{W-|sai-tap|wy}}
* {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|ikug}}
* {{Z|nod}}: {{W-|nod|ᩉᩣ᩠ᨦ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หาง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|తోక}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|койрык}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|ikun}}
* {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ጭራ}}
* {{Z|otk}}: {{W-|otk|𐰴𐰆𐰑𐰺𐰆𐰸|tr=qudruq}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kuyruk}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|guýruk}}
* {{Z|tiw}}: {{W-|tiw|tuwara}}, {{W-|tiw|putupwarra}}, {{W-|tiw|kimarra}}
* {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གཞུག་གུ}}, {{W-|bo|མཇུག་མ}}
* {{Z|to}}: {{W-|to|iku}}
* {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|pako}}
* {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|кудурук}}
* {{Z|ude}}: {{W-|ude|иги }}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|быж}}
* {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎏𐎐𐎁}}
* {{Z|ulc}}: {{W-|ulc|худю }}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|دم|m|tr=dum|sc=ur-Arab}}, {{W-|ur|پونچھ|m|tr=pū̃ch|sc=ur-Arab}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|хвіст|n}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|coa|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đuôi}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|göb}}, {{W-|vo|göbil}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|cawe|m}}
* {{Z|wrr}}: {{W-|wrr|mordorl}}
* {{Z|wbp}}: {{W-|wbp|ngirnti}}, {{W-|wbp|wipi}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|cynffon|m}}
* {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|хузурух}}
* {{Z|xav}}: {{W-|xav|bö}}
* {{Z|xer}}: {{W-|xer|bâ}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|កន្ទុយ}}
* {{Z|xok}}: {{W-|xok|my}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|дум}}
* {{Z|yka}}: {{W-|yka|engko}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|кутурук}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וויידל|n}}, {{W-|yi|שוואַנץ|n}}
* {{Z|ii}}: {{W-|ii|ꁍꎼ}}, {{W-|ii|ꂪ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ουρά|m}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|οὐρά|m}}, {{W-|grc|κέρκος|m}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|staert|n}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|rieng}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|umsila|c3|c4}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|hestiya li dawiya movikê|2}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|Coccyx|n}} ; {{W+|de|Steißbein|nt}}
* {{Z|bdr}}: {{W-|bdr|sengkurung}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|хвастцо́вая косць|m}}, {{W-|be|хвасце́ц|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|опашна кост}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|kostrč|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|haleben|nt}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|tulang sulbi}}, {{W+|id|tulang ekor}}, {{W+|id|tulang tongkeng}}, {{W-|id|koksiks}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عُصُص|n}}, {{W-|ar|عُصْعُص|n}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|عصعص|n|tr=ʿúṣʿuṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|պոչուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|kokcigo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دنبالچه|tr=donbâlče}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|halabein|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|häntäluu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|coccyx|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|cóccix|n}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|pigtot}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|staartbeen}}, {{W+|nl|stuitje|nt}}
* {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|kimmol}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|coccyx}}, {{W+|en|tailbone}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|coccige}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|rófubein}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|尾骨|tr=びこつ, bikotsu}}, {{W-|ja|尾骶骨|tr=びていこつ, biteikotsu}}, {{W-|ja|尾閭骨|tr=びりょこつ, biryokotsu}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|kaikut}}, {{W-|pam|kayikut}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|còccix|n}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|꼬리뼈}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|uodegikaulis}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|tulang sulbi}}, {{W-|ms|tulang ekor}}, {{W-|ms|tulang cenonot}}, {{W-|ms|tulang kongkeng}}, {{W-|ms|tulang tongkeng}}, {{W-|ms|koksiks}}
* {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|尾骨|tr=wěigǔ}}, {{W+|cmn|尾骶骨|tr=wěidǐgǔ}}, {{W-|cmn|尾閭骨}}, {{W+|cmn|尾闾骨|tr=wěilǘgǔ}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|timu}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|farkcsont}}, {{W+|hu|farokcsont}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|tuleang kelebik}}, {{W-|mel|kubin}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|atseeʼ}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|haleben|nt}}, {{W-|nb|halebein|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|halebein|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|kość guziczna|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|cóccix|n}}, {{W-|pt|mucumbu|n}}, {{W-|pt|curanchim|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|құймышақ}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|ко́пчик|n}}
* {{Z|bsy}}: {{W-|bsy|saligi'}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|bangkawbangkaw}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|trtica|m}}, {{W-|sh|trtičnjača|m}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|rumple-bane}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|kostrč|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|trtica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cóccix|n}}, {{W+|es|coxis|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|korsben|g}}
* {{Z|mvv}}: {{W-|mvv|kalut}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|puil}}, {{W-|tl|tulatod}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ก้นกบ}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|quyruq kemigi}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kuyruk sokumu}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ку́прик|n}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|xương cụt}} ({{W-|vi|𩩫𥐒}})
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|κόκκυξ|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|beşeke nebatan|3}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sap}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-bnr-h|cigareya ku hatiye kişandin|4|qopik|id=cigareya xilasbûyî}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Stummel|n}}, {{W+|de|Zigarettenstummel|n}}, {{W+|de|Kippe|m}}, {{W-|de|Zigarettenkippe|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عَقْب سِيجَارَة}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|natsa}}, {{W+|fi|tumppi}}, {{W+|fi|tupakantumppi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mégot|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|butt}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|colilla|m}}, {{W+|es|bacha|m}}, {{W+|es|calilla|m}}, {{W-|es|chenca|m}}, {{W+|es|chicote|n}}, {{W+|es|chinga|m}}, {{W+|es|chiva|m}}, {{W+|es|pava|m}}, {{W+|es|pucho|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|izmarit}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=}}
# {{g|ku|boçik|id=dawiya movikê}} (serê movika piştê ku tête ser devêqunê)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|hy|zza|պոչիկ}}.

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>pvubh2z0earh2kqv5v4dlmisdu06uo5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>destdirêjî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41890</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291271</id>
      <parentid>6249711</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291271</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2394" sha1="bmobzza3035vuqptcy9rhf552oo7ktm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|destdirêjî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[zêdegavî]], [[pêkutî]], [[tade]], [[pest]], [[pêstûrî]], [[çewsandin]], [[binpêkirin]], [[zilm]], [[zordarî]], [[stem]], [[kotek]], [[neheqî]], [[xedre]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Destdirêjiyê''' neke ser namîsa kesê.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Di vê derbarê de Enwer Hacî Osman ji Rûdawê re got: '''Destdirêjiyên''' Artêşa Îranê bo ser axa Herêma Kurdistanê û şer û pevçûnên di navbera çekdarên PJAKê û pasdarên Îranê de li ser sînorê Herêma Kurdistanê wiha kir em Hêza Pêşmergeyên Kurdistanê li wan navçeyan bixin amadebaşiyê bo rûbirûbûna her hêzeke Îranê ger axa Herêma Kurdistanê bi awayekî neyasayî bibezînin.|Rudaw.net, 7/2011}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|desdirêjî
|desdirêjîtî
|desdirêjtî
|destdirêjîtî
|destdirêjtî
|desdrêjî
|desdrêjîtî
|desdrêjtî
|destdrêjî
|destdrêjîtî
|destdrêjtî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|destdirêjî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|destdirêjîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|dest|dirêj|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Einmischung}}, {{W|de|Drang|m}}, {{W|de|Druck|m}}, {{W+|de|Drücken}}, {{W+|de|Pressen}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tryk}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|اغتصاب}}, {{W|ar|تعدى}}, {{W|ar|تجاوز}}, {{W|ar|اغتصب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|spirĝeno}}, {{W+|eo|premo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دست درازی}}, {{W+|fa|تجاوز}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|painostus}}, {{W+|fi|pakko}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|oppression}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|druk}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|benauwdheid}}, {{W+|nl|bezetting}}, {{W+|nl|drang}}, {{W+|nl|druk}}, {{W+|nl|pressie}}, {{W+|nl|knel}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|צרה|cuda=צָרָה}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|offense}}, {{W|en|rape}}, {{W+|en|crime}}, {{W+|en|abuse}}, {{W+|en|oppression}}, {{W+|en|pressure}}, {{W+|en|pest}}, {{W+|en|offence}}, {{W+|en|encroachment}}, {{W+|en|infringement}}, {{W|en|invasive|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|child abuse|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|pushiness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|trespass|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|pressione}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|гнет}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|presión}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tryck}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|baskı}}, {{W+|tr|tasallut}}, {{W+|tr|tecavüz}}, {{W+|tr|müdahale}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bmobzza3035vuqptcy9rhf552oo7ktm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nîvco</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42169</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291272</id>
      <parentid>6249807</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291272</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1535" sha1="67xegiycm8k9tk86pkltw9ay01yimbp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|nîvco}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ne [[temam]], ne[[qedandî]], ne [[xilas]]bûyî, ne [[xilas]]kirî, bi[[kêmasî]], [[biqisûr]], bi[[nuqsan]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|nîvûnor|nîvero|nîv û nor}}
#: {{nm|ku|Helbestek '''nîvco'''}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نیڤجۆ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|nêvco}}
* {{g|ku|nîvçe}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|nîvero}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nîvco bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nîvco kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nîvcobûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nîvcokirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nîvcobûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|nîvcokirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|nîvcoyî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|nîv|-co}}.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nîmcet}}, {{W-|zza|nêmcet}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|unvollständig}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|keskeneräinen}}, {{W+|fi|vaillinainen}}, {{W+|fi|epätäydellinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|incomplet|m}}, {{W+|fr|incomplète|f}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|incomplete}}, {{W+|en|defective}}, {{W+|en|imperfect}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|incompleto}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|incompleto}}, {{W-|es|incompleta}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|eksir}}, {{W+|tr|kusurlu}}, {{W-|tr|tamamlanmamış}}, {{W+|tr|bitmemiş}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# Ne [[temam]], ne[[qedandî]], ne [[xilas]]bûyî, ne [[xilas]]kirî, bi[[kêmasî]], [[biqisûr]], bi[[nuqsan]].
#: {{nm|ku|Wê dibistana xwe '''nîvco''' hêla.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>67xegiycm8k9tk86pkltw9ay01yimbp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42174</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291273</id>
      <parentid>6243678</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291273</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1710" sha1="58er5ucmrluldml2a3k3d1d4loyp047" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/dɑːˈnɛː/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dane|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[lib]], [[heb]], [[tane]], [[kit]], [[adet]], [[tene]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew çend '''dane''' ne?|Ew çend tişt in?|rêz=1}}
# {{f|ku|kompûternasî}} Tiştên ku ji [[bayt]]an pêk tên, gelek caran ji bo nivîs û tiştên bernameya re tê gotin.

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دانه}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|dene
|tane
|tene
|danî
|dindik
|dinik
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dane kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|danekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|danekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|دانه|tr=dane}}, farisî {{g|fa|دانه|tr=danê/dane}}, pehlewî ''daneg'', avestayî {{recons|dana-}}, ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} {{recons|inc-pro|dʰona-}} ([[dan]], [[dexl]]), binere [[dan]]. ''[[tane|Tane]]'' ya tirkî ji zimanekî îranî hatiye wergirtin.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Angabe|f}}, {{W+|de|Stück|m}}, {{W+|de|Tribut|m}}, {{W+|de|Daten}}, {{W-|de|Körnchen|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عدد}}, {{W+|ar|قطع}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دانه}}, {{W+|fa|ذره}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|data}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|data}}, {{W+|it|numero|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|done}}, {{W+|tr|muta}}, {{W+|tr|veri}}, {{W+|tr|tane}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# (ji lêkera &quot;dan&quot;ê) ''Binêre'': {{q|ku|dan}} (1)
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Wan dest û zend û sa'idan&lt;/br&gt;Mey '''dane''' şeyx û zahidan&lt;/br&gt;Mestî be çeşmê şahidan}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|en}}
# [[danmarkî]]</text>
      <sha1>58er5ucmrluldml2a3k3d1d4loyp047</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>radestî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42574</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291274</id>
      <parentid>6098275</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291274</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="754" sha1="f7ig336iyuxmbwf12m2x6zbcudfienr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|radestî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[teslîm|Teslîm]], [[radest]]bûn, [[kontrol]], [[seytere]], [[zeft]], [[berbendî]], [[bindestî]], [[jêrdestî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Xwe teslîm kirin.|xwe xistin bin emrê kesek din, dest ji [[berxwedan]]ê berdan|rêz=1}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[koletî]], [[jêrdestî]]}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|radest|-î}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|radestî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|radestî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|radestîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|radestîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|radestîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|radestîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|teslimiyet}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>f7ig336iyuxmbwf12m2x6zbcudfienr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>radest</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42575</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291275</id>
      <parentid>6098274</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:17:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291275</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1691" sha1="b5f9eef6ucg4izl40merynspyfw0rs5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|radest|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[teslîm|Teslîm]], [[bindest]], [[jêrdest]], [[kontrol]]kirî, [[girtî]], [[zeft]], [[berbend]].
#: {{nm|ku|Xwe '''radest''' kirin.|xwe xistin bin emrê kesek din, dest ji [[berxwedan]]ê berdan|rêz=1}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ra-|dest}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|radest bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|radest kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|radestbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|radestkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|radestbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|radestkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|radestî}}

==== Werger ====
'''radest bûn''':
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|sich ergeben}}, {{W+|de|übergeben}}, {{W+|de|ausliefern}}, {{W+|de|abtreten}}, {{W+|de|verzichten}}, {{W+|de|aufgeben}}, {{W+|de|kapitulieren}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[投降]] (tóuxiáng)
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|استسلم}} (istesleme)
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تسلیم}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|luovuttaa}}, {{W+|fi|antautua}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|se rendre}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|gèill}}, {{W-|gd|thoir suas}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W-|nl|zich overgeven}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|surrender}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|arrendersi}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[降服する]] (こうふくする, kōfuku surú)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[항복하다]] (hangbokhada)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|Were}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W-|pt|render-se}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[сдаваться]] (sdavát’sja)
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|vdati se}}, {{W+|sl|predati se}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|rendirse}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|ge sig}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[లొంగు]] (loMgu), [[లొంగిపోవు]] (loMgipOvu)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|teslim olmak}}, {{W+|tr|teslim}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|ymroddi}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>b5f9eef6ucg4izl40merynspyfw0rs5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fêlbazî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42962</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291276</id>
      <parentid>6261635</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291276</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2147" sha1="3usdbdwnpkta3wbw55p5r85k59s8hjx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-fêlbazî.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fêlbazî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[konetî]], [[hîlebazî]], [[cambazî]], [[gelacî]], [[şeytanî]], [[qurnazî]], [[xapandin]], [[lêb]]kirin, [[hîle]]kirin, [[mizewirî]], [[kar]]ê [[fêlbaz]]an
#: {{nm|ku|Ev çênda wan li gel me kirî '''fêlbaziye'''.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فێلبازی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|fêhilbazî
|fêhlbazî
|fihilbazî
|fihlbazî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fêlbazî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fêlbazîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fêlbazîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

{{kontrolWergerr}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|fêlbaz|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Betrügerei}}, {{W|de|Gerissenheit|f}}, {{W|de|Gewitztheit|f}}, {{W|de|Hinterlist}}, {{W|de|Schwindel|m}}, {{W|de|Verschlagenheit|f}}, {{W|de|Durchtriebenheit|f|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Schlauheit|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|اللوذانیة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|حیله گری|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|مکاری|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|deceit}}, {{W|en|deception}}, {{W+|en|insidiousness}}, {{W+|en|capriccio|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|chicanery|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|dodgery|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|feint|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|flam|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|guile|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|humbug|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|indirection|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|shiftiness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|skulduggery|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sleight|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|spoof|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|confidence game|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|confidence trick|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|craftiness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|foxiness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|fraudulence|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|fraudulency|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|fraudulentness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|hustle|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sharp practice|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shenanigan|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dalaverecilik}}, {{W+|tr|mantarcılık}}, {{W+|tr|oyunbazlık}}, {{W+|tr|şeytanî}}, {{W+|tr|hilekarlık}}, {{W+|tr|oyunculuk|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|hilecilik|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3usdbdwnpkta3wbw55p5r85k59s8hjx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hasil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43409</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291277</id>
      <parentid>6096851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291277</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1346" sha1="ajoycbys81jewrtuk0lnqokhi1ubcha" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
*[[ḧ]]asil

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bicihbûyî]], [[bicihkirî]], [[pêkhatî]], [[pêkînayî]], bûyî [[rastî]], [[rûdayî]], [[qewimî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mirad '''hasil''' bûn.|daxwaz bi cih hatin, li gor daxwaza mirovî qewimîn|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=[[derhem|Dîrhem]]ek bêt serfê Mewlûda Nebî&lt;br /&gt;Xêrekî mezin ji bo '''hasil''' dibî|[[w:Mela Hisênê Bateyî]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حاسل}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hasil bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hasil kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hasilbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hasilkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hasilbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hasilkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hasilker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|حاصل|tr=ḥaṡil}} ji rehê {{g|ar|حصل}} (ḥeṡele: [[bi dest ve hatin]], [[ketin destî]], [[gihiştin]]ê, [[bi dest ketin]])

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|kurz gesagt}}, {{W|de|Ernte|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Ernteertrag|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Erzeugnis|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حصول}}, {{W+|fa|نتیجه}}, {{W+|fa|محصول}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|achieved}}, {{W|en|gained}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kıvam}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|id}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|id}}
# {{g|ku|encam}}, {{g|ku|netîce}}
#* {{bêmînak|id}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|id|encam}}</text>
      <sha1>ajoycbys81jewrtuk0lnqokhi1ubcha</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bihêvî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43436</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291278</id>
      <parentid>6243146</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291278</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1359" sha1="4b71uptgo3v06fa68m8927gwxuag1e7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[hêvîdar]], [[umêdewar]], [[biumêd]], [[geşbîn]], [[xweşbîn]], [[optîmîst]], [[bawer]], &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê [[hêvî]] heye
#: {{nm|ku|Em herdem ji azadbûnê '''bihêvî''' ne.}}
# kesa/ê [[hêvî]] dike
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''bihêvî''' me ku tu alîkariya me bikî.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bihîvî}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|hêvîder}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|bêhêvî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bihêvî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bihêvî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bihêvîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bihêvîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bihêvîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bihêvîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bi-|hêvî}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|erwartungsfroh}}, {{W+|de|hoffentlich}}, {{W-|de|hoffnungsfreudig|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|aussichtsreich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|vielversprechend|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|有希望的}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مرجو|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[امیدوار]] (umîdwar), [[امیدبخش]] (umîdbexş)
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|toiveikas}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hopeful}}, {{W+|en|sanguine}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speranzoso}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|reményteljes}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|optymistyczny}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|umutlu}}, {{W+|tr|ümitli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4b71uptgo3v06fa68m8927gwxuag1e7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dema ku</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43455</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291279</id>
      <parentid>6261636</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291279</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2474" sha1="ochz1ukr33zfvtnidtg6dysm118r6qg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/dæma: kʊ/}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-dema ku.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[wexta ku|Wexta ku]], [[çaxa ku]], [[gava ku]], [[pêla ku]], [[hingê]] ku.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dema ku''' ew zewicî, hê 15-salî bû.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dema ku''' mirov gelek avê vexwe, mîza mirovî tê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dema ku''' xewa te bêt, binive.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[dema]]
* [[dema ko]]
* [[demê]]
* [[demê ko]]
* [[demê ku]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji ''[[dem]] + [[-a]] + [[ku]]''.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|kur}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|wenn}}, {{W|de|als}}, {{W|de|während|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|noiz}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W|bn|কখন}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|peur}}, {{W|br|pevare}}, {{W|br|pegoulz}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|kdy}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|何时}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|når}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|عندما}}, {{W|ar|بينما|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W|et|kui}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|آنگاه که}}, {{W|fa|زمانی که}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|kun}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|quand}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W|gl|cando}}
* {{Z|gu}}: {{W|gu|ક્ચારે}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|कब}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|wanneer}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|when}} (at a time when), {{W|en|while}}, {{W|en|metonic}}, {{W|en|in the course of|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|cén uair}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|quando}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|quan}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|quando}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W|mr|केव्हा}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|mikor}}
* {{Z|nap}}: {{W|nap|quanno}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|når}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|kiedy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|quando}}
* {{Z|pa}}: {{W|pa|ਕਦੋੰ}}
* {{Z|rap}}: {{W|rap|ahé}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|când}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|когда}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W|sa|यदा}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W|sc|candu}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|kad}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|када}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|kedy}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|ko}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W|so|goor}}
* {{Z|st}}: {{W|st|neng}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|cuando}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|lini}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|när}}
* {{Z|sn}}: {{W|sn|rini}}
* {{Z|tet}}: {{W|tet|bainhira}}
* {{Z|tr}}: [[o zaman]]da, {{W|tr|vaktaki|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tn}}: {{W|tn|leng}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W|vec|quando}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W|cy|pryd}}, {{W|cy|pa bryd}}
* {{Z|wo}}: {{W|wo|kanch}}
* {{Z|xh}}: {{W|xh|nini}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W|yo|nígbà wo}}
* {{Z|grc}}: {{W|grc|ότε}}, {{W|grc|ηνίκα}}, {{W|grc|οπότε}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W|zu|nini}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ochz1ukr33zfvtnidtg6dysm118r6qg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>di xwe re dîtin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43695</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291280</id>
      <parentid>6247219</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291280</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="767" sha1="3h5ihpavp54a310zjtfkiz6sggy1v4g" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b|nd=dixweredîtin}}
# [[hebûn|Hebûn]]a [[bawerî|baweriyê]] bi [[biserketin]]a xwe; [[bawer]] kirin ku dê [[karîn|bikare]] tiştekî bike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|wêrîn|cesaret hebûn}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''di xwe re dibînim''' li dijî dijminan li ber xwe bidim.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[di xwe ra dîtin]]

==== Jê ====
* [[dixwerebîn]]
* [[dixwerebînî]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|di|xwe|re|dîtin|nekat=1}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|انجام دادن}}, {{W+|fa|تنبلی نکردن}}, {{W+|fa|عمل کردن}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|erinmemek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|külahları değişmek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|külahları değiştirmek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3h5ihpavp54a310zjtfkiz6sggy1v4g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rişwet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43860</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291281</id>
      <parentid>6262969</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291281</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1668" sha1="rtxedi4vlyqsn3qjx7jsunbsxradqzb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rişwet|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pare|Pare]]yê yan tiştê din yê ku mirov dide kesekî (bi taybetî [[memûr]] û [[rayedar]]an) daku tiştek [[neqanûnî]] bikin yan jî daku [[xizmet]]a mirovê pareder ji yên din baştir bikin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|bertîl|firîw|gendelî|întîqab|intiqab|irtişa}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rişwet''' dan, &lt;br&gt;'''rişwet''' girtin, &lt;br&gt;'''rişwet''' xwestin,&lt;br&gt;'''rişwet''' wergirtin, &lt;br&gt;'''rişwet''' standin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|ruşwet}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rişwet dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rişwetdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rişwetgir
|rişwetgirî
|rişwetî
|rişwetstîn
|rişwetstînî
|rişwetwergir
|rişwetwergirî
|rişwetxwaz
|rişwetxwazî
|rişwetxwer
|rişwetxwerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|رِشْوَة}}, {{g|ar|رُشْوَة}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|Bestehung}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رشوة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|رشوه}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lahjus}}, {{W+|fi|lahjonta}}, {{W+|fi|voitelu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|pot-de-vin|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: [[שוחד]] (shokhad)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bribe}}, {{W+|en|backhander}}, {{W+|en|boodle}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|tangente|f}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|賄賂}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|łapówka|f}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|suborno|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[взятка]] (vzjátka), [[подкуп]] (pódkup)
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|soborno}}, {{italbrac|Mexico|slang}} [[mordida]]
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|muta|c}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|rüşvet}}, {{W+|tr|yiyicilik}}, {{W-|tr|intikap}}, {{W+|tr|algı}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>rtxedi4vlyqsn3qjx7jsunbsxradqzb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>piştevanî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44236</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291282</id>
      <parentid>6243247</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291282</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2120" sha1="eeibxw3i8fe08kn9mp9ao85rd4diq1z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|piştevanî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[piştgirî]], [[destek]], [[alîgirî]], [[alîkarî]], [[yarmetî]], [[komekî]], [[piştevanbûn]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Piştevanî''' û rahênanên sopayê Emirîka bo hêzên pêşmergeyî dê ya berdewam bît.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پشته‌ڤانی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|piştevanîtî
|piştevantî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|piştevan|-î}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|piştevanî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|piştevanîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|piştevanîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Unterstützung|f}}, {{W+|de|Rückhalt|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: [[подкрепа]] (podkrepa)
* {{Z|zh}}: [[支持]] (zhīchí)
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|تأييد|tr=teîd}}, {{W-|ar|دعم}}, {{W-|ar|مساعدة}}, {{W-|ar|عون}}, {{W-|ar|سند}}, {{W-|ar|مؤازرة}}, {{W-|ar|مناصرة}}, {{W-|ar|مؤازرة}}, {{W-|ar|الأزر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الإسناد|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الظهرة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الولاء|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|تأیید|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tuki}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|soutien|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|steun}}, {{W+|nl|ondersteuning}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|encouragement}}, {{W+|en|support}}, {{W+|en|help}}, {{W+|en|aid}}, {{W+|en|sponsor}}, {{W+|en|backing}}, {{W+|en|advocacy|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sostegno|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|援助|tr=えんじょ, enjo}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[지지]] (jiji)
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|tautoko}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|támogatás}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|apoio|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[поддержка]] (poddéržka)
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|apoyo|m}}, {{W+|es|respaldo|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|understöd}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[తోడ్పాటు]] (tODpATu)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|destek}}, {{W+|tr|arkalama}}, {{W+|tr|dayanışma}}, {{W-|tr|hamilik}}, {{W+|tr|solidarizm}}, {{W+|tr|yardımlaşma}}, {{W-|tr|dayanışmacılık}}, {{W-|tr|yandaş olmak}}, {{W+|tr|taraftarlık|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>eeibxw3i8fe08kn9mp9ao85rd4diq1z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>emîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44610</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291283</id>
      <parentid>6096265</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291283</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1526" sha1="4mfiywlg1e89jik8vznbcdryj9wz3y9" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|emin|emîn|Emîn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[pêbawer]], [[sadiq]], kesa/ê ku [[hêja]]yî [[bawerî|baweriyê]] ye,  &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê ku mirov dikare jê [[bawer]] bike
#: {{nm|ku|Ahmed kesekê '''emîn''' e.}}
# [[aram]], [[bê]] [[arîşe]], [[amin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ev bajare, bajarekê '''emîn''' e.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Hemzad û heval û hemnişînan&lt;/br&gt;Hemraz û '''emîn''' û nazenînan&lt;/br&gt;Herlehze digotinê bi riqqet}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|emin
|men
|amîn
|emanet
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|emanet
|Emîn
|Emîna
|emîndar
|emînî
|emînîtî
|emîntî
|hêmin
|Hêmin
|ne-emîn
|emîn kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|emînkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|emînkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|أمين|tr=emîn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|spolehlivý}} {{n}}, {{W|de|vertrauenswert}}, {{W|de|zuverlässig}}, {{W|de|sicher}}, {{W|de|geborgen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|أمين}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|امین}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|luotettava}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|fiable}}, de [[confidence]], {{W|fr|sûr}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|reliable}}, {{W|en|trustworthy}}, {{W|en|trustable}}, {{W|en|trusty}}, {{W|en|believable}}, {{W|en|credible}}, (2) {{W|en|safe}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|confiável}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|pålitlig}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|inanılır}}, {{W|tr|güvenilir}}, {{W|tr|emin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4mfiywlg1e89jik8vznbcdryj9wz3y9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rapêş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44704</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291284</id>
      <parentid>6098286</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291284</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="474" sha1="noqvi058rlktza1h2a4g852qesokwyc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|rapêş}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[pêşkêş|Pêşkêş]], [[araste]], [[raber]], [[pêşber]], [[temsîl]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Rapêş''' kirin.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[berçav]], [[diyar]], [[xuya]], [[zelal]]}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ra-|pêş}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rapêş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rapêşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rapêşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rapêşî}}</text>
      <sha1>noqvi058rlktza1h2a4g852qesokwyc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>defin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44720</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291285</id>
      <parentid>6279853</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291285</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="800" sha1="s9ljq0von536a3i1zt9n8vwcgwnhzqa" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[binax]]kirin, [[binerd]]kirin, di bin [[erd]]ê ve [[veşartin]], bi [[ax]]ê [[niximandin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mirî '''defin''' kirin.|[[gorandin]], kirin di gorê de|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|defn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|defin kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|definkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|definkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|difin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Beerdigung|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|جنازة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تشییع جنازه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|burial}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[naştin]], [[defh]]
#* {{bênimûne|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>s9ljq0von536a3i1zt9n8vwcgwnhzqa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bengî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44793</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291286</id>
      <parentid>6244102</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291286</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2053" sha1="lyb3m8bytqp8vlstb7nq4pq1pbdtsr2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bengî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[îlet]], [[edet]]ê [[nebaş]] yê ku mirov [[fêr]]î bûye û nikare êdî neke
#: {{nm|ku|Alkol û cigare jê re bûne '''bengî'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Bûn ew der û ban û ew sera mest&lt;/br&gt;Hin mest û hinek dikir di '''bengî'''&lt;/br&gt;Xwanende û bezlego û çengî}}
#* {{jêder|ku|2=Sitran: Werda Şemo( 100 salî)ji gundê Pampê Sal: 1948|jêgirtin=Ez '''bengîme''',ez '''bengîme
Sêva''' sorim xelatîme.
Ez nola berfa yekşevîme,
Ser kurxalê xwe ben '''bengîme'''.
...........}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bengînî
|bengînîtî
|bengîntî
|bengîtî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bengî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bengî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bengîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bengîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bengîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bengîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|beng|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Laster|nt}}, {{W+|de|Sucht|m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اشتیاق}}, {{W+|fa|آزمندی}}, {{W+|fa|حرص}}, {{W+|fa|معتاد}}, {{W+|fa|عاشق}}, {{W+|fa|مجنون}}, {{W+|fa|مبتلا}}, {{W+|fa|عشق}}, {{W+|fa|دیوانگی}}, {{W+|fa|عاشقی|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|addiction|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|adorer|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|enamoured|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aşık}}, {{W+|tr|esrar}}, {{W+|tr|tiryak}}, {{W+|tr|bağımlılık}}, {{W+|tr|divanelik}}, {{W+|tr|vurgunluk}}, {{W+|tr|aşıklık}}, {{W+|tr|algın}}, {{W+|tr|bağımlı}}, {{W+|tr|divane}}, {{W+|tr|vurgun}}, {{W+|tr|tutku}}, {{W+|tr|melankolik}}, {{W+|tr|melankoli|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

==== Mane ====
# [[bengî]], kesê ku wek dînan aşiq bûye &lt;ref&gt;http: //www.kovarabir.com/wp-content/uploads/Ferheng%C3%AA-Dimil%C3%AE-%C3%BB-Kurmanc%C3%AE-B-b.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}

==== Çavkanî ====
{{çavkanî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lyb3m8bytqp8vlstb7nq4pq1pbdtsr2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>seyrî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44794</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291287</id>
      <parentid>6244396</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291287</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1112" sha1="duad2urvxoqp4padlm7z8ssl89yjfxb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[ecêbî|Ecêbî]], [[xerîbî]], [[hêbet]], [[behît]], ne [[asayî]], ne [[normalî]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|seyrîtî
|seyirtî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|sêrî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|seyr|-î}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|seyrî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|seyrî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|seyrîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|seyrîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|seyrîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|seyrîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|eccentricity|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|drollness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|quaintness|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|uncanniness|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ilginçlik}}, {{W+|tr|antikalık}}, {{W+|tr|enteresanlık}}, {{W+|tr|yabansılık}}, {{W+|tr|korkunçluk|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[seyr|Seyr]] kirin, [[mêzandin]], [[nerîn]], [[berê xwe dan]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Were em vê êvarê '''seyrî''' filmekî bikin.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>duad2urvxoqp4padlm7z8ssl89yjfxb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêqisûr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44978</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291288</id>
      <parentid>6243330</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291288</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1929" sha1="3rqmd7c7npgdr2nmgv9a6yngfqrvthj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|bêqisûr}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bêkêmasî]], [[bêeyb]], [[kamil]], [[temam]], [[perfekt]], [[bêxeletî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ev xwaringehe, xwarina wan '''bêqisûr''' bû.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Pertew ji husnê heq lê&lt;br /&gt;Da eksê '''bêqisûr''' bit&lt;br /&gt;74. Baxê ji nû wereq lê-ş. (H. T. M.)}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بێقسوور}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bêqusûr
|bêqusîrî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêqisurî
|bêqisûrîtî
|bêqisûrtî
|bêqisûr bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêqisûr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêqisûrbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêqisûrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêqisûrbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêqisûrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bê-|qisûr}}.

{{kontrolWerger}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|akkurat}}, {{W+|de|ausgezeichnet}}, {{W+|de|einwandfrei}}, {{W+|de|fehlerlos}}, {{W+|de|formvollendet}}, {{W+|de|glänzend}}, {{W+|de|großartig}}, {{W+|de|perfekt}}, {{W+|de|prima}}, {{W+|de|tadellos}}, {{W+|de|untadelig}}, {{W+|de|vorzüglich}}, {{W+|de|wunschlos}}, {{W+|de|zackig}}, {{W+|de|makellos|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|schulgerecht|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|trefflich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|vollendet|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|vortrefflich|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|متفوق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|باشکوه}}, {{W+|fa|تابناکی|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|flawless}}, {{W+|en|unfailing}}, {{W+|en|exhaustive}}, {{W+|en|thorough}}, {{W+|en|perfect|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|par excellence|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|defectless}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ayıpsız}}, {{W+|tr|defosuz}}, {{W-|tr|dört başı mamur}}, {{W+|tr|falsosuz}}, {{W+|tr|kabahatsiz}}, {{W+|tr|özürsüz}}, {{W+|tr|haza|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|dört dörtlük|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|kabahatsız|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3rqmd7c7npgdr2nmgv9a6yngfqrvthj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hûrgilî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45384</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291289</id>
      <parentid>6097072</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291289</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1444" sha1="cvro1vjlpvf2opjvpas7qntzzj0usfz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hûrgilî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[detay]], [[teferuat]], [[kite]], tiştên [[kit-kit]], [[yek-bi-yek]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ê di vê nivîsa xwe da hewil bidim ko li ser vê berhemê bi '''hûrgilî''' bîr û bawerîyên xwe bêjim.}}

===== Jê =====
{{kol3|ku
|hûrgilî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hûrgilîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hûrgilîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|hûr|gilî}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|besonderheid}}, {{W|af|detail}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Detail}} {{nt}}, {{W|de|Einzelheit}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Nebensächlichkeit}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|enkelthed}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|detalo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مشروح}}, {{W|fa|آگاهی فروان}}, {{W|fa|فضای باز}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|staklutur}}, {{W|fo|smálutur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|yksityiskohta}}, {{W|fi|detalji}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|détail}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|bijzonderheid}}, {{W|nl|detail}}, {{W|nl|item}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|detail}}, {{W|en|retail}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|dettaglio}}, {{W|it|particolare}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|detall}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|detaya}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|szczegół}}, {{W|pl|detal}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|detalhe}}, {{W|pt|minúcia}}, {{W|pt|particularidade}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|detalle}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|detalj}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|detay}}, {{W|tr|detaylı}}, {{W|tr|ayrıntı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>cvro1vjlpvf2opjvpas7qntzzj0usfz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kefalet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45528</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291290</id>
      <parentid>6097146</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291290</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1906" sha1="3kpstxak8pp8yr7pq9v1v3yys74bnic" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kefalet|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[soz|Soz]]a ku [[eger]] kesek [[erk]]ê xwe [[bi cih anîn|bi cih neîne]] dê kesek din [[heq]]ê wî bide.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|kefîlî|destberî|derhûdî|gerew|zemîn|temîn|garantî|misogerî|garantor|sozder}}
#: {{nm|ku|Banke '''bêkefalet''' deynan nadin. &lt;br&gt;Ew bi '''kefalet''' ji zindanê derket.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Polîsên Kurd li Silêmaniyê xwediyê rojnameya Hawlatî ku li Silêmaniyê derdikeve Tariq Fatihî girtin. Tariq Fatihî li ser daweyeke birayê cîgirê serokwezîrê Kurdistanê Omer Fettah, Elî Fettah hate girtin. Taeiq Fatihî bi '''kefaletekê''' 200 hezar dînara hat berdan, lê belê doz berdewam dike. Elî Fettah ji ber weşandina nivîsekê doz li dijî wî vekiribû.|Avestakurd.net, 9/2007}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|كه‌فاله‌ت}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}, têkildarî [[kefîl]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|kefalet kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kefaletname
|kefaletkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Jê ====

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Bürgschaft|f}}, {{W|de|Patenschaft|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الذمامة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العهدان|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العهدة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الكفل|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الكیانة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|takuu}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|borgsom}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bail}}, {{W+|en|security}}, {{W+|en|suretyship}}, {{W+|en|guarantee}}, {{W+|en|bailment}}, {{W+|en|guaranty}}, {{W+|en|indemnification}}, {{W+|en|recognizance}}, {{W+|en|sponsion}}, {{W+|en|warranty}}, {{W+|en|replevin}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kefalet}}, {{W+|tr|kefillik}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[derhûdî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[zamînî]], [[desberî]], kefalet
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>3kpstxak8pp8yr7pq9v1v3yys74bnic</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>aîd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45736</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291291</id>
      <parentid>6263326</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Daçek */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291291</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1151" sha1="6sp65bq7jzek99eezqjbdb6meswta3o" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Daçek ===
{{daçek|ku}}
# Tiştê kesekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Ev pirtûk '''aîdî''' min in.|yên min in|rêz=1}}
# [[ser bi ... ve|Ser bi kesekî yan tiştekî ve]], [[eleqedar]]î kesekî yan tiştekî, [[endam]]ê tiştekî.
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|ayid
|ayd
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|aid
|eyd
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|aîdî
|aîdiyet
|aîdîtî
|aîd bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|aîd kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|aîdbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|aîdkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|aîdbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|aîdkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|عَائِد}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|zugehörig}}, {{W-|de|hingehörig|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: (jollekin tai johonkin) [[kuuluva]], {{W+|fi|liittyvä}}, (jotain tai jotakuta) [[koskeva]]
* {{Z|en}}: [[belonging]] to [[sth]], [[relating]] to [[sth]], [[pertaining]] to [[sth]], {{W+|en|appurtenant}}, [[concerning]] sth, [[relative]] to sth
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ait}}, {{W-|tr|ilgilendiren}}, {{W+|tr|ilişkin}}, {{W+|tr|ilişik}}, {{W+|tr|ilgili}}, {{W+|tr|değgin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6sp65bq7jzek99eezqjbdb6meswta3o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sererast</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45802</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291292</id>
      <parentid>6249136</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291292</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1129" sha1="t8yqhlk0ild87d6yrfg7c0fbvaov7wo" xml:space="preserve">{{ds|sererast|serrast}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|sererast}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[dirist|Dirist]], [[rast]]kirî, [[bêkêmasî]], [[bêşaşî]], [[bêçewtî]], [[bêxeletî]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Sererast''' kirin.|kêmasiyên tiştekî jê derxistin|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|serast
|serrast
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|sererast bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sererast kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sererastbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sererastkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sererastbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sererastkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|sererastî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ser|-e-|rast}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|direkt}}, {{W+|de|ordentlich}}, {{W+|de|regelmäßig}}, {{W+|de|bestimmt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُصَحَّح}}, {{W-|ar|مُنَظَّم}}, {{W-|ar|مُرَتَّب}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|هماهنگ}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|oikaistu}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|corrected}}, {{W+|en|orderly}}, {{W+|en|tidy}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|direkt}}, {{W+|tr|sağlıklı}}, {{W+|tr|düzgün}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>t8yqhlk0ild87d6yrfg7c0fbvaov7wo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rehmet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45824</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291293</id>
      <parentid>6244605</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291293</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1711" sha1="roqt79fabf0upv105gh7j5qxcavsywm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|reħmet}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rehmet|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[dilovanî|Dilovanî]], [[dilnermî]], [[rehm]], [[rehm]]a Xwedê.
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku-pro|nekat=1|amadekar=D.N. Mackenzie|sernav=The Language of the Medians |nivîskar={{w|Matenadaran MS 7117|ziman=en}}|sal=~1430-1446|sala weşandinê=1959|jêgirtin=Pakəž xodé, pakəž záhm, pakəž vémark, kóy hat'ì xač'é, əškə́rma. '''Rahmát'ē''' ma.|tr=Pakij xudê, pakij zehm, pakij vêmerg, koy hatî xaçê, ijkir me '''rehmetê''' me&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor2016&quot;&gt;{{kovar|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/416578|kovar=Nûbihar Akademî|nivîskar=D.N. Mackenzie|sernav=Zimanê Medan|sal=2016|terciman=İbrahim Bor|hejmar=4|rûpel=116}}&lt;/ref&gt;|werger=Pakê Xweda, Pakê Qadir, Pakê Nemir, mirina di xaçê de ku hat, Xweda bi me bê '''rehmê'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor2016&quot;/&gt;}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Mela Hisênê Bateyî/Mewlûda Kurdî}}|jêgirtin=Rehmî nazil cumleê 'îlet dibit&lt;br&gt;Her cihê lê bête xwendin '''rehmet''' lê}}
# {{f|ku|ewfemîzm}} [[wefat|Wefat]], [[merg]], [[mirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Çûn '''rehmetê'''.|mirin, wefat kirin|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rahmet
|rihmet
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rehmet kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rehmetkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rehmetkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rehmetî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Erbarmen|n}}, {{W+|de|Barmherzigkeit|f}}, {{W+|de|Milde|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رحمة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|رحمت}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|rahmet}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>roqt79fabf0upv105gh7j5qxcavsywm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>reşaş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45865</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291294</id>
      <parentid>6286781</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291294</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1226" sha1="rqfu3ayi37eraayz2e01x9b27zp3q54" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|reşaş|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|çek}} Hin [[cûn]] [[tifek]]ên [[otomatîk]] yan [[nîv]]-[[otomatîk]] in.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Reşaş''' kirin.|[[remî]] kirin|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li gundê Hemikan (Beşagaç) yê ser bi qezaya Bêşebabê ya Şirnexê ve, '''reşaşekirina''' mînîbusa ko gundî tê de bûn ji aliyê ordiya tirk û dûvelanka wê Jîtemê ve hatiye pêkanîn. Ev cînayet ji bo bitenêkirina gerîlayan û çavtirsandina gel tên kirin û paşê diavêjin ser milê PKK-ê da kiryara xwe veşêrin û da PKK-ê rûreş bikin.|ji daxwiyaniyek [[HPG]]ê li gor Nefel.com, 9/2007}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|reşaşe}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|resas}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|reşaş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|reşaş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|reşaşbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|reşaşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|reşaşbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|reşaşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رشاش|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|machine gun}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|makineli tüfek}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>rqfu3ayi37eraayz2e01x9b27zp3q54</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>heyf</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45874</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291295</id>
      <parentid>6242932</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291295</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1592" sha1="j8ohpgsiuuw2ydrl4d2r35qesoi5jeg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/hɛjf/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|heyf|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[tol]], [[tolhilanîn]], [[tolstandin]], [[tolvekirin]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Heyf''' hilanîn, '''heyf''' standin.}}
# [[dilsojî]], [[biberketin]], [[dilpêşewitîn]], [[dilmanpêve]]
#* {{J:ku:Kurdistan:1898|sernav=Bîsmîllahîrrehmanîrrehîm|nivîskar={{w|Mîqdad Mîdhet Bedirxan}}|sal=1898|hj=1|r=1||cild=1|jg='''Heyfa''' min têt ji Kurda re.}}
# '''heyf e ku''': [[mixabin]], [[maalesef]], [[cihê daxê ye]] ku, [[be daxewe]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* '''''Heyf''' di qeyda xak û gil bit 'arifê çalakê rûh&lt;/br&gt;'''Heyf''' di qeyda xak û gil bit 'arifê çalakê rûh''{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|حەیف}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|heyif}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|awizî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|heyf xwestin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heyf girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|heyfxwestin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|heyfgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Rache|m}}, {{W|de|Verwünschung|m}}, {{W|de|pfui!}}, {{W|de|verdammt}}, {{W|de|kläglich|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حیف}}, {{W+|fa|انتقام}}
* {{Z|en}}: (1) {{W+|en|revenge}}, {{W+|en|vengeance}}, (2) {{W|en|compassion}}, {{W|en|pity}}, (3) {{W|en|unfortunately}}, {{W|en|alas}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|esef}}, {{W+|tr|hayıf}}, {{W+|tr|intikam}}, {{W+|tr|öç}}, {{W+|tr|teessüf}}, {{W+|tr|yazık}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>j8ohpgsiuuw2ydrl4d2r35qesoi5jeg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sewad</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46030</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291296</id>
      <parentid>6098555</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291296</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1396" sha1="ako5l8v2smlkclg29jcdz0gptrvjbju" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sewad|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xwendewarî|Xwendewarî]], [[zanîn]]a [[xwendin]] û [[nivîsîn]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Min '''sewad''' nîne.|Ez nizanim bixwînim û binivîsim.|rêz=1}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Şerh-i halê min Mela narit beyadê hê temam&lt;/br&gt;Vê '''sewad'''ê gerçi herdem jê birin sed intixab}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|sewad kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sewadkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sewadkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêsewad
|bêsewadî
|bêsewadîtî
|bêsewadtî
|bisewad
|sewaddar
|sewaddarî
|sewadî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fa|ku|سواد|tr=sewad/sevad}} ([[xwendewarî]]) ji erebî {{deyn|ar|ku|سَوَاد}} ([[reşî]], [[reng]]ê [[reş]]) ku rengê [[nivîs]]an e. Di kurdî de peyv bi taybetî di axiftina rojane ya kurdên [[Rojhilatê Kurdistanê]] de tê bikaranîn.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|Lese- und Schreibfähigkeit|f}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W-|cs|gramotnost|f}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[سواد]] (sewad), {{W+|fa|سواد}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lukutaito}}, {{W-|fi|luku- ja kirjoitustaito}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|literacy}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W-|hu|írni-olvasni tudás}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|alfabetismo|m}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|okuryazarlık}}, {{W+|tr|savat}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ako5l8v2smlkclg29jcdz0gptrvjbju</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dabaş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46109</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291297</id>
      <parentid>6279697</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291297</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="872" sha1="5un21df5o1d1p988m2x2zhds4drzi4c" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dabaş|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[salox]], [[behs]], [[qal]], [[gotin]], [[suhbet]]
#: {{nm|ku|Me li ser wê mijarê '''dabaş''' kir.|Em li ser wê tiştê [[peyivîn]] / axivîn.}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[mijar]], [[babet]], [[bas]], [[suhbet]]}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dabaş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dabaşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dabaşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|dabeş}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|talk}}, {{W+|en|speech}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بحث}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bap}}, {{W+|tr|husus}}, {{W+|tr|konu}}, {{W+|tr|laf}}, {{W+|tr|mevzu}}, {{W+|tr|nokta}}, {{W+|tr|sadet}}, {{W+|tr|sermaye}}, {{W+|tr|söz konusu}}, {{W+|tr|bahis}}, {{W+|tr|üst}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5un21df5o1d1p988m2x2zhds4drzi4c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>niyaz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46396</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291298</id>
      <parentid>6097693</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291298</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1641" sha1="rvxeiv5dnyygkw71v4iu66cu5imphq3" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-h|Nîyaz}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-niyaz.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|niyaz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[niyet]], [[inyet]], [[merem]], [[mebest]], [[qezd]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Niyaza''' min ewe ku sala bêt ji Kurdistan ê biçim.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Tînit bi hîle kar-i saz&lt;br /&gt;Geh geh ko naz e û geh '''niyaz'''&lt;br /&gt;Sehhar û pir mekkarê çerx}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نیـاز}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha farisî {{g|fa|نیاز}} (niyaz), avestayî ''nî-az-'' ([[dehf]] dan [[jêr]]) ji {{ji|ira}} *[[ni-]] (binere [[niştin]]) + *[[az-]] (binere [[ajotin]])

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|niyaz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|niyazkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|niyazkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Anliegen|m}}, {{W+|de|Gebet|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|دعاء|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الشاكلة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الطیة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النیة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهم|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نیاز}}, {{W+|fa|خواسته}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|intention}}, {{W+|en|trend|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|purpose}},  {{W+|en|aim}}, {{W+|en|intensively|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|intendment|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|self-suggestion|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dilek}}, {{W+|tr|dua}}, {{W+|tr|yakarı}}, {{W+|tr|hacet}}, {{W+|tr|niyaz}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[Lava]], [[başkurî]], [[hewîn.]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>rvxeiv5dnyygkw71v4iu66cu5imphq3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pakêt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46442</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291299</id>
      <parentid>6254049</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291299</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1957" sha1="7q2tnj4g4iqjwi5phuduf8tzwvibj7a" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ds|pakêt|paket}}
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pakêt|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[karton]]a tiştek tê de, &lt;br&gt;[[kaxez]]a tiştek di nav re
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin='''Pakêtên''' wî yên cixarê, plakên wî yên musîka klasîk li hêviyê ne.|{{Jêgirtin/Mehmed Uzun/Bîra qederê/2002}}}}
# çend tiştên ku [[pêkve]] tên dan yan [[firotin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Seferek '''pakêt'''.|sefera ku bilêt û hotêl û carine hin bername jî pêkve hatiye amadekirin û bi bihayek diyarkirî tê firotin|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|paket}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr}} [[paquet]] yan îngilîzî [[packet]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pakêt kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pakêtkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pakêtkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|pakket}}, {{W-|af|pak}}, {{W-|af|pakkie}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ballen|m}}, {{W+|de|Paket|n}}, {{W+|de|Bündel|n}}, {{W+|de|Päckchen|n}}, {{W+|de|Verpackung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Gebinde|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|balík}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|pakke}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|pako}}, {{W-|eo|paketo}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|pakki}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|paketti}}, {{W+|fi|aski}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|pasgan}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|pak}}, {{W+|nl|pakket}}, {{W+|nl|pakje}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|packet}}, {{W+|en|package}}, {{W+|en|parcel}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|pacco}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|paca}}, {{W+|ca|paquet}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|bungkusan}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|csomag}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|pakke}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|paki}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|paczka}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|embrulho}}, {{W+|pt|pacote}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|paki}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|paquete}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|packa}}, {{W+|sv|packe}}, {{W+|sv|paket}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|balútan}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|paket}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|iliphakethe}}, {{W+|zu|iphakethe}}, {{W+|zu|iliphasela}}, {{W+|zu|iphasela}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7q2tnj4g4iqjwi5phuduf8tzwvibj7a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>paket</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46443</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291300</id>
      <parentid>6263299</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291300</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2100" sha1="mfadhhtzv4amari6y5npnkpc7hctxcf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
{{ds|pakêt|paket}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|paket|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[karton|Karton]]a tiştek tê de; [[kaxez]]a tiştek di nav re.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Paketek''' biskêtan.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Du '''paketên''' cigareyan.}}
# Çend tiştên ku [[pêkve]] tên dan yan [[firotin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Seferek '''paket'''.|sefera ku bilêt û hotêl û carine hin bername jî pêkve hatiye amadekirin û bi bihayek diyarkirî tê firotin|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|pakêt}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{navmiletî|ku}} ji {{ji|fr|ku|paquet}} yan {{ji|en|ku|packet}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|paket kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|paketkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|paketkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|pakket}}, {{W-|af|pak}}, {{W-|af|pakkie}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ballen|m}}, {{W+|de|Paket|n}}, {{W+|de|Bündel|n}}, {{W+|de|Päckchen|n}}, {{W+|de|Packen}}, {{W+|de|Schachtel|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Gebinde|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|balík}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|pakke}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|غلاف|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|pako}}, {{W-|eo|paketo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پاکت}}, {{W+|fa|لفاف}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|pakki}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|paketti}}, {{W+|fi|aski}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|pasgan}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|pak}}, {{W+|nl|pakket}}, {{W+|nl|pakje}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|packet}}, {{W+|en|package}}, {{W+|en|parcel}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|pacco}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|paca}}, {{W+|ca|paquet}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|bungkusan}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|csomag}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|pakke}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|paki}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|paczka}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|embrulho}}, {{W+|pt|pacote}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|paki}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|paquete}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|packa}}, {{W+|sv|packe}}, {{W+|sv|paket}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|balútan}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|iliphakethe}}, {{W+|zu|iphakethe}}, {{W+|zu|iliphasela}}, {{W+|zu|iphasela}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[bestek]], [[taxe]], [[bapêç]], [[pakêt]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>mfadhhtzv4amari6y5npnkpc7hctxcf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>marjînal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46493</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291301</id>
      <parentid>6107371</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291301</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="919" sha1="p7utnuei2cjkmjn1d469l6sv4rsa837" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|marjînal}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[varrê]], [[veder]], [[rexkî]], li [[rex]]ekî yan [[rex]]an, ne li [[nîvek]]ê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[negiring]], ne [[serekî]], [[biçûk]], [[kêm]], [[hindik]], [[piçek]]
#: {{nm|ku|Partiyek '''marjînal'''.|hizbek biçûk û ne giring|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|marjînal bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|marjînal kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|marjînalbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|marjînalkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|marjînalbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|marjînalkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|marjînalî
|marjînalîtî
|marjînalîze
|marjînaltî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi rêya {{ji|fr|ku|marginal}}, ji {{ji|la|ku|marginem}} ji {{q|la|margo}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|marginaalinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|marginal}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|marginal}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|marjinal}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>p7utnuei2cjkmjn1d469l6sv4rsa837</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mandel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46589</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291302</id>
      <parentid>6250660</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291302</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2172" sha1="7hjd5znob16eaxhx7qnnnmyx6o8t5y4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mandel|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nikolî]], [[şemartin]], [[şerandin]], [[haşatî]], [[inkar]], &lt;br&gt; [[itiraf]]nekirin, &lt;br&gt;[[gotin]] ku tiştek [[nîne]] yan ne[[rast]] e
#: {{nm|ku|Tirk hebûna kurdan '''mandel''' dikin.|Tirk dibêjin ku kurd nînin.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|mandela
|mandele
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|mandel kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mandelkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mandelkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mandelkar
|mandelkarî
|mandelker
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|mendel}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi riya {{ji|tr|ku|mandal}} yan {{ji|ota|ku|ماندال|tr=mandal}} ([[qerase]], [[bizmik]]) ji {{ji|el|ku|μάνδαλος}}. Guherîna maneya peyvê ''qerase kirin &gt; asê kirin &gt; rê lê girtin &gt; qedexe kirin &gt; red kirin &gt; inkar kirin''. Ji heman rehî: ''[[mendel]]''.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|verloëning}}, {{W+|af|selfverloëning}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Entsagung}}, {{W+|de|Selbstverleugnung}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|malkonfeso}}, {{W+|eo|malagnosko}}, {{W+|eo|abnegacio}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دروغ}}, {{W+|fa|اشتباه}}, {{W+|fa|بیراه}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|avnoktan}}, {{W+|fo|sjálvsavnoktan}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kiistäminen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|abnégation}}, {{W+|fr|renoncement}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|verloochening}}, {{W+|nl|verzaking}}, {{W+|nl|ontkenning}}, {{W+|nl|abnegatie}}, {{W+|nl|zelfverloochening}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|abnego}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|abjuration}}, {{W+|en|denial}}, {{W+|en|disavowal}}, {{W+|en|recantation}}, {{W+|en|refusal}}, {{W+|en|abnegate}}, {{W+|en|abnegation}}, {{W+|en|repudiation}}, {{W+|en|negation}}, {{W|en|disownment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|elenchus|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|refutal|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sjálfsafneitun}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|abnegatio}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|abnegação}}, {{W+|pt|desprendimento}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|самоотвершенность}}, {{W+|ru|самоотречение}}, {{W+|ru|отрещение}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|abnegación}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|inkar}}, {{W+|tr|yokumsama}}, {{W+|tr|yadsıma}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7hjd5znob16eaxhx7qnnnmyx6o8t5y4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dike ku bike</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46728</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291303</id>
      <parentid>6248184</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291303</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="619" sha1="dom2k06zd7stcyukryapxa483zdp1n8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# [[li ber kirinê bûn|Li ber kirinê bûn]], [[niyet]]a kirinê hebûn.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dike ku''' bêt.|Li ber hatinê ye.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dike ku''' bimire.|Li ber mirinê ye.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=DTP '''dike ko''' karekê baş '''bike''' – partiyeka dî ava nake (anku niyeta kirina karek baş heye)|Nefel.com, 11/2007}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[dike ko bike]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|dike|ku|bike|nekat=1}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: is [[due]] to...
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>dom2k06zd7stcyukryapxa483zdp1n8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46871</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291304</id>
      <parentid>6278425</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291304</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="723" sha1="4iu13hotkn247e7u65dk0vzy03h01ow" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|ku|form=erê}}
# ([[heke]] [[ez]]) [[werim]]
#: {{nm|ku|Heke tu bê, ez jî dê '''bêm'''.|Eger tu werî, ez jî dê werim.}}

==== Hevmane ====
Ji [[hatin]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}:{{W+|en|faceless|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[#Kurmancî (kurmancî)|bêm]], [[werim]]
#: {{nm|ckb||tr=Eger min '''bêm''', toş dêyt?|Heke ez bêm, tu jî dê werî?}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[bê]] [[min]], [[bêyî]] [[min]], ne bi [[min]]
#: {{nm|ckb||tr=Êwe detwanin em kare '''bêm''' biken.|Hûn dikarin vî karî bêyî min bikin.}}</text>
      <sha1>4iu13hotkn247e7u65dk0vzy03h01ow</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>madî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46997</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291305</id>
      <parentid>6243821</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291305</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1523" sha1="qb5vlucvb65yb90tb3omic7cw1izm6e" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[eşyayî]] yan [[diravî]], [[aborî]], [[iqtisadî]], [[ekonomî]], &lt;br&gt;[[manewî]], ne [[ruhî]], ne [[canî]], ne [[giyanî]], girêdayî para
#: {{nm|ku|Wan alîkariya madî dame.|pare tişt dan me|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rewşa wan ya madî xirab e.|Ew feqîr in.|rêz=1}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[materyalîst]], [[malhebîn]], [[malperist]], [[pareperist]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Çi newa tête bi sed nexme ji ewtarê hudûs&lt;/br&gt;Hal û musteqbel û '''madî''' di xwe da têk-i yek in&lt;/br&gt;Subhê mewcûd e bi 'eynê xwe di êvarê hudûs}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|maddî}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|manewî}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Têkildarî {{q|ku|madde}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|madî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|madî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|madîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|madîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|madîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|madîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|madîtî
|madiyat
|madiyet
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}} : {{W|de|materiell|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}} : {{W+|fi|esineellinen}}, {{W+|fi|taloudellinen}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|material}}, {{W+|en|economic}}, {{W+|en|financial}}, {{W+|en|tangible}}, {{W+|en|earthbound}}, {{W|en|corporeal|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|bourgeois|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|maddi}}, {{W+|tr|maddesel}}, {{W+|tr|materyal}}, {{W+|tr|madeni}}, {{W+|tr|özdeksel}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qb5vlucvb65yb90tb3omic7cw1izm6e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ebced</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47137</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290854</id>
      <parentid>6136022</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:37:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js|TS]]: sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290854</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="653" sha1="pshhq2r91p0amgkbxa5uxhotf9z1wrq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ebced|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hemû]] [[herf]] (bi taybetî yên [[ziman]]ê [[erebî]]).
#: {{hevmane|ku|alfabe|elîfba|hirûf|abece}}
#: ''ebced hewaz huttî...'' (pirtûka [[fêr]]bûna xwendina zimanê [[erebî]])

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|ابجد}} ji ا-ب-ج-د (e-b-c-d) ku her çar herfên destpêkê yên alfabeya erebî ne, hevreha {{hv|he|אבג'ד}} (abgad)

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|ebcedî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|ابجد|tr=ebced}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|abjad}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|alfabe}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pshhq2r91p0amgkbxa5uxhotf9z1wrq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>akronîm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47561</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291306</id>
      <parentid>6103854</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291306</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1506" sha1="8z23fib8884zyxk5mgqjs19g9pafv4y" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|akronîm|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kurte|Kurte]]yên ku wek [[peyv]]an tên [[xwendin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|kurtenav}}
#: {{nm|ku|NATO '''akronîm''' e ji ber ku wek &quot;nato&quot; tê xwendin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|PDK ne '''akronîm''' e ji ber ku wek &quot;pedeke&quot; tê xwendin.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{navmiletî|ku}} bide ber {{ji|en|ku|acronym}} ji {{qertaf|grc|ἄκρος|w1=[[tûj]], [[bilind]]|ὄνομα|w2=[[nav]]|nekat=1}}

==== Jê ====
* [[akronîmî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Akronym|nt}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|akronym|n}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|akronym|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kirjainsana}}, {{W+|fi|akronyymi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|acronyme|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|acroniem|nt}}, {{W+|nl|letterwoord|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|ראשי תיבות|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|acronym}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|acranaim}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|acronimo|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|頭字語|tr=とうじご, tōjigo}}, [[アクロニム]] (akuronimu)
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|akronim|n}}, {{W+|pl|skrót|n}}, {{W+|pl|skrótowiec|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sigla|m}}, {{W-|pt|acronimo|n}}, {{W-|pt|acrograma|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|acronim|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|акроним|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|akronim|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: [[акроним]] {{m}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|la|akronim|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|kratica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|acrónimo|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|akronym}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8z23fib8884zyxk5mgqjs19g9pafv4y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nobedarî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47650</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291307</id>
      <parentid>6243985</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291307</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1017" sha1="lajhg0wn2cojwnrdthdalq3fgbnve1v" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nobedarî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Rewşa ku kesek di[[man|mîne]] [[hişiyar]] an jî bi [[şev]] na [[nivistin|nive]] da ku [[zêrevanî|zêrevaniya]] tiştekî an jî erdekî bike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|nobet|çavdêrî|sereguhî|notir|zêrevanî|nêrevanî|cerd|cerdevanî|notirvanî|nobe|parastin}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Nobedariya''' min li nexweşxanê sibê dest pê dike.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نۆبەداری}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|nobetdarî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nobedarî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|nobedarîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|nobedarîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|nobedar|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Posten|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حراسة}},{{W-|fa|مناوبة}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|guard rail}},{{W-|en|guard duty}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|guardia}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|nöbetçilik}}, {{W+|tr|vardiya}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lajhg0wn2cojwnrdthdalq3fgbnve1v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>spread</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47973</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291516</id>
      <parentid>6230643</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T20:35:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lêker */</comment>
      <origin>6291516</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="544" sha1="goi6cw107qkjbr6e4q56jmb03mdjevj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:{{ku-tîp|sprêd}}
* {{deng|en|en-us-spread.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-spread.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-spread.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-spread.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{en-tewîn-lk|form=awarte|n3y=spreads|b=spread|pb=spread|pn=spreading}}
{{lêker|en}}
# [[feşandin]], [[belav kirin]], [[vekirin]], [[bijale kirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}
# [[peresandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}</text>
      <sha1>goi6cw107qkjbr6e4q56jmb03mdjevj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sansûr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48083</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291308</id>
      <parentid>6263532</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291308</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3057" sha1="0eamrgjupvfrfn5qajf0vxclbvtamjg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sansûr|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[qedexe|Qedexe]]kirina [[nivîsîn]]a yan [[gotin]]a hin tiştan bi taybetî ji alî [[dewlet]]ê ve di [[pirtûk]] û [[rojname]]yan de yan li ser [[televizyon]]ê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|qedexe|nivîsîn|gotin}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Sansûr''' kirin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|sansor
|sensor
|sensûr
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|sansûr kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|sansûrkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|sansûrkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|otosansûr
|sansûrî
|sansûrker
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr|ku|censure}} ji {{ji|la|ku|cénsūra}} ji {{q|la|cénsus}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|censurë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zensur|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|senzura}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|цэнзу́ра|m}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|বিবাচন}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|цензу́ра|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|cenzura|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|審查|tr=shěnchá}}, {{W+|cmn|檢查|tr=jiǎnchá}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|censur|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رَقَابَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|գրաքննություն}}, {{W+|hy|ցենզուրա}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|cenzuro}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|tsensuur}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سانسور|tr=sânsur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sensuuri}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|censure|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|caisgireachd|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ცენზურა}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|सेंसरशिप|m}}, {{W-|hi|अभिवेचन|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|censuur|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|צֶנְזוּרָה|m|tr=tsenzurá}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|censorship}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|censura|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|検閲|tr=けんえつ, ken'etsu}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|цензура}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|검열|tr=geomnyeol}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|cenzūra|m}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|cenzūra|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|цензу́ра|m}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|penapisan}}
*: {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|ڤناڤيسن}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|cenzúra}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|mn|цензур}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|sensur|n}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W-|uz|tsenzura}}, {{W+|uz|senzura}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|سانسور|n|tr=sānsór}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|cenzura|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|censura|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|цензура}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cenzură|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|цензу́ра|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|цензу́ра|m}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|cenzúra|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|cenzúra|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|cenzura|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|censura|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|censur|g}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|сензура}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|การเซ็นเซอร์}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sansür}}, {{W-|tr|sıkıdenetim}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|senzura}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|цензу́ра|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|kiểm duyệt}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צענזור|m}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|λογοκρισία}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|censorship|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=73497742}}</text>
      <sha1>0eamrgjupvfrfn5qajf0vxclbvtamjg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>entegre</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48269</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291309</id>
      <parentid>6254897</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:18:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291309</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1158" sha1="t9kgtt0ny4o8t9twgqcmeisahnqbw5t" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|entegre}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[asîmîle]], [[bişaftî]], [[helandî]], &lt;br&gt;tiştê ku [[têkil]]î nav tiştek bûye ta ku ew tiştê [[pêşî]] êdî [[xweser]] û wek xwe nemaye
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# kesê yan [[milet]]ê ku [[fêr]]î [[ziman]] û [[çande]]yek din bûye
#: {{nm|ku|Gelek kurd baş '''entegreyî''' jiyana Ewropayê nebûne.|anku kirine tirk|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|integre
|întegre
}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|adapte
|asîmîle
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|entegre bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|entegre kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|entegrebûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|entegrekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|entegrebûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|entegrekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|entegrebar
|entegrebarî
|entegrekar
|entegrekarî
|entegreker
|entegrasyon
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|entegrasyon}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi rêya {{deyn|fr|ku|intégré}} ji [[intégrer]] ji latînî [[integrare]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|entegre}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|tr}}
# entegre
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>t9kgtt0ny4o8t9twgqcmeisahnqbw5t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>di cih de</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48382</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291310</id>
      <parentid>6244155</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291310</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1651" sha1="9ls9zur6t4rbwowe0gvle97od46yrma" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[tavilê|Tavilê]], [[zû]], bê [[dereng]]î, [[derhal]], [[xafilde]], [[cîlê]],  [[yekser]], [[demildest]].
#: {{nm|ku|Dema min gazî kiriye wî, '''di cih de''' hat.}}
# [[minasib|Minasib]], gelek [[dirist]] e, [[guncaw]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew mînaka wî gotî '''di cih de ye'''.}}
# Li [[heman]] [[der]], li [[nefsî]] [[erd]], li dera ku lê ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Demê min ew dîtîn, ez '''di cih de''' mam.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|di cî de
|di cih da
|di cî da
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji [[di ... de|di]] + [[cih]] + [[di ... de|de]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|ohne weiteres|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|zweckmäßig|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|alsbald|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|sofort|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|sogleich|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|فورًا}}, {{W|ar|مناسب}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بجا}}, {{W|fa|مناسب}}, {{W|fa|آنی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|فورًا|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|immediately}}, {{W|en|instantly}}, {{W|en|immediate}}, (3) {{W|en|standing in the same place}}, {{W|en|anon|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|incontinently|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|outright|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|plumb|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|promptly|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|thereupon|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|in no time|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|in short order|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|on the spot|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|inmediatamente}}, {{W|es|en ese momento}}, {{W|es|al instante}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|derhal}}, {{W|tr|ipka|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ipka etmek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|şık|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yerinde|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9ls9zur6t4rbwowe0gvle97od46yrma</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bit</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48456</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291311</id>
      <parentid>6261789</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291311</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1157" sha1="56tbg4sp4g7i9n52zcvnpbx35am78im" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Formeke lêkerê ===
{{lêker|en|form=erê}}
# ''Formeke'' [[bûn]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|be|bît|bitin|bîtin}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew dê mezin '''bit'''.|Ew dê mezin be.|rêz=1}}
# ''Formeke'' [[birin]].

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[bitin]]

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:bit
* {{deng|en|en-us-bit.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-bit.wav|Deng|dever=}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-bit.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bit.wav|Deng|dever=Başûrê Îngilistanê, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Assorted-Interests-bit.wav|Deng|dever=New York City, DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[piç]]
#: {{nm|en|A '''bit'''.|[[piçek]]|rêz=1}}
# [[lixav]]

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-bit.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[sipih]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[spî]], [[spih]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}

== {{ziman|za}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|za}}
# {{mijar|za|heywan}} {{g|ku|werdek}}, {{g|ku|miravî}}, {{g|ku|bet}}, {{g|ku|ordek}}
#* {{bêmînak|za}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|za|werdek}}</text>
      <sha1>56tbg4sp4g7i9n52zcvnpbx35am78im</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>contact</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48697</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291312</id>
      <parentid>6098088</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291312</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="574" sha1="qxsk1jx7s6bjhtfs9c95mcucofsbfyz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:{{ku-tîp|kuntekt}}
* {{deng|en|en-us-contact.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-contact.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-contact.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[têkilî]], [[peywendî]], [[eleqe]], [[kontakt]]
#: {{nm|en|'''Contacts''' between the two sides was lost due to road works.|Pêwendiya nava her du aliya ji ber xebatên rê qut bû.}}
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|en|c=}}
# [[têkilî danîn]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}</text>
      <sha1>qxsk1jx7s6bjhtfs9c95mcucofsbfyz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berhewa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49054</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291313</id>
      <parentid>6244318</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291313</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1818" sha1="auuuimfcl5rsod3in8gi5zn40hbkcyp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berhewa}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# tişta/ê ku li [[derve]] ye anku li ber [[hewa]]yî ye, &lt;br&gt;tişta/ê ku ne li [[hindir]] anku [[têde]] ye
#: {{nm|ku|Kepir û pavyon avaniyên '''berhewa''' ne.}}
# {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[berbad]], [[bêwec]], [[bêkêr]], [[bêfeyde]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji sedsalan vir de wan (tirkan) kurd ji xwe re ewqas piçûk û nizm dîtine ku qasî zerêqeder mafek kurdan yê neteweyî û mirovî nenasîne û bi dilê xwe nedane. Ji bo vê jî, ji tirkan tiştek, an jî aştî hêvîkirin her berhewa ye. Bêjeya &quot;aştî&quot; gotinek hêja ye. Aşî navbeyna du hêzan de pêk tê. Hêzek bi serê xwe ti caran nikare aştiyê çêbike. Ji bo vê sedemê jî bi xwesteka yekalî aştî nabe!|A. Balî: ''Rewşa tirk û kurdan li Tirkiyê, Gelawej.org, 12/2006}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بەرهەوا}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|berhawa}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berhewatî
|berhewayî
|berhewa bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berhewa kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berhewabûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berhewakirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berhewabûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berhewakirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|ber-|hewa}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|li derve, li ber hewayî|1}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|absurd}}, {{W+|de|vergeblich}}, {{W+|de|mißlungen|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|vergebens|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Pfusch|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بیهوده}}, {{W+|fa|بی فایده}}, {{W+|fa|بی معنا}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|ulko-}}, {{W-|fi|ulkoilma-}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|outdoor}}, {{W+|en|open-air}}, {{W+|en|alfresco}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|berhava}}, {{W+|tr|boşuna}}, {{W+|tr|imha}}, {{W+|tr|boş yere|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>auuuimfcl5rsod3in8gi5zn40hbkcyp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>opere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49520</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291314</id>
      <parentid>6124903</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291314</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="455" sha1="0iil578uxz54eei4k99kh95kjhzpz3f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|opere}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[emeliyatkirî]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Opere''' kirin.|emeliyat kirin|rêz=1}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|operasyon}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|fr|ku|opéré}} ji {{q|fr|opérer}} ji {{ji|la|ku|operari|w=kirin, [[encam dan]]}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|opere kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|operekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|operekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}</text>
      <sha1>0iil578uxz54eei4k99kh95kjhzpz3f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dilgiran</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49830</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291315</id>
      <parentid>6244319</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291315</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1383" sha1="il1up8a3uq7bt3o6hi3uum4z1vtu1vc" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|dilgiran}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[nîgeran]], [[dilwas]], [[xemgîr]], [[xemxwer]], [[gumandar]], [[bifikar]], [[bitirs]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez gelek '''dilgiran''' dibim dema ew cigara di jora me ya nivstinê ve dikêşît.}}
# [[xeyidîn]], [[sil]], [[dilmayî]], [[tûre]], [[xeydan]], [[suhketî]], [[muxber]]
#: {{nm|ku|Babê min gelek '''dilgiran''' bû dema zanî es bisernekeftim.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دلگران}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|dilgran}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dilgiranî
|dilgiranîtî
|dilgirantî
|dilgiran kirin
|dilgiran bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilgiran kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilgiranbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dilgirankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dilgiranbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dilgirankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|dil|giran}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|beklommen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نا امید}}, {{W+|fa|غمگین}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|anxious}}, {{W+|en|dejected}}, {{W+|en|distressed}}, {{W+|en|annoyed}}, {{W|en|gloomy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|griefed|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|heavy-hearted|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|low spirited|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|melancholic|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kırgın}}, {{W+|tr|muğber}}, {{W+|tr|müşkülpesent}}, {{W+|tr|zor beğenen}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>il1up8a3uq7bt3o6hi3uum4z1vtu1vc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>beloq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49904</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291316</id>
      <parentid>6249360</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291316</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1651" sha1="cphwt0e0vllall6o5z2z9v9rq0hybuv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|be|loq}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|beloq}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bel]], [[gelek]] [[vekirî]], [[zêde]] vekirî
#: {{nm|ku|çavên '''beloq'''}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bi van pirsan guh û çavên wê bêtir '''beloq''' bûbûn.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=28}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Qirînek pê ket: perpitî, şewişî, bi masayê girt û pê ve ma, çevên wî '''beloq''' bûbûn, devê wî vekirî dikir helkehelk|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=72}}}}
# [[zêde]] [[zelal]], [[pirr]] [[eşkere]], [[baş]] [[berçav]], [[balkişîner]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Erê, lê di wê hevpeyivînê de tesbîteke te hebû ko ji nav tevahîya hevpeyivînê bêtir derketibû pêş. Ji qewla hinan pir ”'''beloq'''” bû.|Nefel.com, 11/2008}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|biloq}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|beloq bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|beloq kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|beloqbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|beloqkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|beloqbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|beloqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|beloqane
|beloqî
|beloqîtî
|beloqtî
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|bilot}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji bel/bell... xuya, xuyakirî

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شق}}, {{W+|fa|راست}}, {{W+|fa|آشکار}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|peculiar}}, {{W+|en|ooo}}, {{W-|en|wall-eye|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|goggle|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|cırtlak}}, {{W+|tr|pırtlak}}, {{W+|tr|pörtlek}}, {{W+|tr|fırlak}}, {{W+|tr|kabarcık}}, {{W+|tr|belirgin}}, {{W+|tr|patlak}}, {{W+|tr|çiğ|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>cphwt0e0vllall6o5z2z9v9rq0hybuv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>alîgirî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49936</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291317</id>
      <parentid>6263230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291317</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1547" sha1="jwcrlbnayqkn9h7q87p2qq541gpxvir" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|a|lî|gi|rî}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[girtin|Girtin]]a [[alî|ali]]yekî, [[piştgirtin]]a aliyekî li [[hemberî]] aliyê [[din]], [[pişta yekî girtin|pişta kesekî girtin]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Alîgiriya''' wê partê neke ya ku te bawerî pê nebe.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Çarenivîsê hemî xwendevan û perwerdeya Kurdistanê di destê te deye û guneha wan dikeve di stoyê te de, nabe tu '''alîgiriya''' xwe ji bo deverekê yan bajarekî ragehiynî, pêdivî bû tu li gel layenên berpirs û peywendîdar di hikumet û perwerdê de rûnê û pispor û şarezayên di vî warî de ji derive û li nav Kurdistanê kom bikî û dîd û boçûnên wan wergirî û encamên dûmahiyê ji bo miletî ragehînî.|avestakurd.net, 08.05.2008}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|layengirî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|alîgirî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|alîgirîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|alîgirîkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|alîgir|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Stütze|m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|طرفداری}}, {{W-|fa|هواداری}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|partisanship}}, {{W+|en|advocacy}}, {{W+|en|bias}}, {{W+|en|discipleship}}, {{W+|en|partiality|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|patronage|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yandaşlık}}, {{W+|tr|taraftarlık}}, {{W-|tr|adamcılık|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|bağlanım|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|particilik|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yandaş olmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jwcrlbnayqkn9h7q87p2qq541gpxvir</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berbelav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49981</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291318</id>
      <parentid>6243293</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291318</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1314" sha1="5dk6uibdq3rb8jp4ztof3lho16uf5kn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berbelav}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[gelek|Gelek]] [[belav]]; li pirr [[der]]an [[heyî]].
#: {{nm|ku|êşek '''berbelav'''}}
#: {{nm|ku|Îngilîzî zimanek '''berbelav''' e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بەربەلاڤ}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|berbelave
|berbilav
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berbelavane
|berbelavî
|berbelavîtî
|berbelavtî
|berbelav bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berbelav kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berbelavbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berbelavkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berbelavbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berbelavkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|ber-|belav}}. Ber modela {{hv|tr|yaygın}} hatiye dariştin, derî mediyaya Kurdistana Bakurî peyda nabe.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|extensiv}}, {{W+|de|gängig}}, {{W+|de|gemein}}, {{W+|de|gebräuchlich|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|weitverbreitet|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|منتشر}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|رایج}}, {{W+|fa|مرسوم}}, {{W+|fa|پراکنده}}, {{W+|fa|پخش}}
* {{Z|fi}}: [[laaja]](lle levinnyt)
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|répandu}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|widespread}}, {{W+|en|extensive}}, {{W+|en|pervasive}}, {{W+|en|prevalent}}, {{W+|en|common}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yaygın}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5dk6uibdq3rb8jp4ztof3lho16uf5kn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>faks</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50164</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291319</id>
      <parentid>6245447</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291319</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1829" sha1="6btdjktrotr258tye5iild6ksjbu5ea" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|faks|mê}}
[[Wêne:Philips magic2memo Fax machine.jpg|thumb|faksek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[amûr]]ek wek [[telefon]]ê ye lê ne [[deng]]î lê [[nivîs]]ê yan [[wêne]]yan ji cihekî [[şandin|dişîne]] cihekî dî
#: {{nm|ku|Peyam '''faks''' kirin.|mesaj bi faksê şandin|rêz=1}}
# [[peyam]]a ku bi wê [[amûr]]ê hatiye [[hinartin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Wê '''faksek''' bo min hinart.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|telefaks}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|faksî
|faksîmîle
|faks kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fakskirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fakskirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi riya {{deyn|en|ku|fax}}, ji {{ji|la|ku|facsimile}} ji {{qertaf|la|facere|w1=[[kirin]]|similis|w2=eynî|nekat=1}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* [[burmayî]]: [[ဖက္စ္]]
* {{Z|zh}}: [[傳真]] (chuán zhēn)
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Fax|n}}
* [[elsasî]]: [[fax]]
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دورنویس}}, {{W+|fa|فاکس}}, {{W+|fa|فاکس}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|faksi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: [[fax]] ; (makîne:) [[télécopieur]] ; (peyam:) [[télécopie]]
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|fax|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: [[פקס]] (faks)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fax}}, {{W+|en|telefax}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|fax}}, [[telefax]]?
* {{Z|ja}}: [[ファクシミリ]] (fakushimiri or huakusimiri)
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|fax}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[팩스]] (pæg.sŭ)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|facsimilis|m}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|fax}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|telefaks|m}}, {{W|pl|faks|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fax}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[факс]] (faks)
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|fax}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|fax}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|faks}}, {{W|tr|belgegeçer|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: [[Τηλεομοιοτυπία]] (tileomoiotypia or tileomiotipia) ([[:el:Τηλεομοιοτυπία|el]])
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6btdjktrotr258tye5iild6ksjbu5ea</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sport</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50291</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291320</id>
      <parentid>6120944</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291320</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4900" sha1="srcl5xnhzuow55ivtcv35eymspe2k7x" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|sport|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[werziş]], [[spor]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|en|ku|sport}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|werziş}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رياضة}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sport}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[sportîv|Sportîv]], [[keşxe]], wek [[sporvan]]an.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew misilmanekî '''sport''' e.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|moderate}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|af}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|af}}
# {{mijar|af|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|af}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|af|spor}}

== {{ziman|sq}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sq|z=n}}
# {{mijar|sq|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|sq}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sq|spor}}

== {{ziman|az}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|az}}
# {{mijar|az|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|az}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|az|spor}}

== {{ziman|cs}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|cs|z=n}}
# {{mijar|cs|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|cs}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|cs|spor}}

== {{ziman|da}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|da}}
# {{mijar|da|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|da}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|da|spor}}

== {{ziman|et}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|et}}
# {{mijar|et|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|et}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|et|spor}}

== {{ziman|fr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Sartus85-sport.wav|Deng|dever=Vendée, Fransa}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|fr|z=n}}
# {{mijar|fr|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|fr}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|fr|spor}}

== {{ziman|nl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nl|z=n}}
# {{mijar|nl|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|nl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nl|spor}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-sport.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-sport.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[werziş]], [[spor]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}

== {{ziman|it}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|it|z=n}}
# {{mijar|it|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|it}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|it|spor}}

== {{ziman|mt}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|mt|z=n}}
# {{mijar|mt|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|mt}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|mt|spor}}

== {{ziman|hu}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|hu}}
# {{mijar|hu|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|hu}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|hu|spor}}

== {{ziman|nb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nb|z=n}}
# {{mijar|nb|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|nb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nb|spor}}

== {{ziman|nn}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|nn|z=n}}
# {{mijar|nn|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|nn}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|nn|spor}}

== {{ziman|uz}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|uz}}
# {{mijar|uz|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|uz}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|uz|spor}}

== {{ziman|pl}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|pl|z=n}}
# {{mijar|pl|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|pl}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|pl|spor}}

== {{ziman|ro}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ro|z=nt}}
# {{mijar|ro|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|ro}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ro|spor}}

== {{ziman|sh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sh|spȍrt|z=n}}
# {{mijar|sh|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|sh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sh|spor}}

== {{ziman|dsb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|dsb|z=n}}
# {{mijar|dsb|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|dsb}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|dsb|spor}}

== {{ziman|sv}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sv}}
# {{mijar|sv|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|sv}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sv|spor}}

== {{ziman|crh}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|crh}}
# {{mijar|crh|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|crh}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|crh|spor}}

== {{ziman|tk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tk}}
# {{mijar|tk|werziş}} {{g|ku|spor}}, {{g|ku|werziş}}, {{g|ku|sport}}
#* {{bêmînak|tk}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|tk|spor}}</text>
      <sha1>srcl5xnhzuow55ivtcv35eymspe2k7x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cêz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50486</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291321</id>
      <parentid>6279097</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291321</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="865" sha1="o8u4f86rujdjjqeenw7p92vu2f770tq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|cêz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# koma dexlûdan wek ya genim, [[nîsk]], ceh yan garis
#: {{nm|ku|Piştî bîçerê genimême çinî me genim bi terextorê kişand serê erd û li wir li ser naylonê kom kir. Ew '''cêza''' genim nêzîkî 140 tonî ye û ewê perekî baş bike.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|cêz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cêz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|cêzbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|cêzkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|cêzbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|cêzkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|bênder}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|hububat yığını}}, {{W+|tr|yığın}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{guharto|ku|cihêz|w=cil û diyariyên din yên ku didin bûkê}}</text>
      <sha1>o8u4f86rujdjjqeenw7p92vu2f770tq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pîver</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291322</id>
      <parentid>6136736</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291322</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1976" sha1="f4fbr7b07h3bjtfyu3l46230wadttml" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[amûr]]ê ku tişt pê tên [[pîvan]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[kum|Kum]]eka xwarinê ya hatiye kirrîn ji layê [[bikirr]]ekî/ê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|qiyas}} 
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Rêja kurmanciyê ji biyavê radyo û televizyonên giştî û [[sîte|saytên]] elektironî bi hemî '''pîveran''' ji 15%ê nabore.|Îsmayîl Tahir: ''Kurmanciya jorî li ber metirsiyên mezin û giran e'', gelavej.com, 7/2008}}
# {{f|ku|zimanzanî}} [[stander]]
#: {{nm|ku|Wekî tê gotin eve ne stander e yan '''pîver''' e.}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|پیڤه‌ر}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|pîvan|-er}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Messgerät|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W-|zh|計量表|tr=jì liáng biǎo}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عداد|tr='eddad}}, {{W-|ar|المعیار}}, {{W-|ar|مقیاس}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mittari}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mètre|m}}, {{W+|fr|compteur|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|meter|m}}, {{W+|nl|teller|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|meter}}, a {{W+|en|measure}}, an {{W+|en|amount}}, {{W+|en|gauge}}, {{W+|en|indicator}}, {{W+|en|modulus}}, {{W+|en|surveyor}}, (3) {{W+|en|standard}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|metro|m}}, {{W+|it|contatore|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|メーター|tr=mētā}}, {{W+|ja|計量器|tr=けいりょうき, keiryōki}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|계량기|tr=gyeryanggi}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|metras|m}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mérőóra}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W-|no|måler|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|contador|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|metru|m}}, {{W+|ro|contor|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|счётчик|tr=sčótčik|m}}, {{W+|ru|измеритель|tr=izmerítel’|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|metar}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|medidor|m}}, {{W+|es|contador|m}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mätare|c}}, {{W+|sv|-meter|c}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ölçüt}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|μέτρο|tr=métro|n}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{mijar|ku|Zimannasî}}</text>
      <sha1>f4fbr7b07h3bjtfyu3l46230wadttml</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tiye</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50610</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291323</id>
      <parentid>6288724</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Baneşan */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291323</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="495" sha1="pain435pff44b7mbkc9xulqd7unp9hm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Baneşan ===
{{baneşan|ku}}
# Baneşanek ku maneya [[poşmanî|poşmaniyê]] dide. Yan jî dema mirov ji bo tiştekî dereng dimîne dibêje tiye 
#: {{nm|ku|-Texsî 10 deqîqe berê çû bajêr. Xwezî hûn piçekî zûtir bihatana&lt;br&gt;-'''Tiye''', em îro man li gund.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[tîye]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tüh}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pain435pff44b7mbkc9xulqd7unp9hm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>teptep</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50769</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291324</id>
      <parentid>6288434</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291324</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="950" sha1="3dmr0of7s4mq00mev5iw98w453ehjx7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|teptep|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Ew dengê dertê dema mirov bi dest li tiştekî dide.
#: {{nm|ku|Li dibistanê dema xwendevan aciz dibûn bi destan li maseyan didan û dikirin '''teptep'''.}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# Ew dengê dilê ku dema dil zêde lê dide (di dema tirs yan coşê de) dertê.
#: {{nm|ku|Dema Şîlan li ser rêya dibistanê rastî segan hat gelek tirsiya û bû '''teptep'''a dilê wê.}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|teptep kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|teptepkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|teptepkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

====Bide ber====
* {{g|ku|teperep}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|patter}}, {{W+|en| pit-a-pat}}(of a heart), {{W+|en|palpitation}}, {{W+|en|pulse}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tapırtı}}, {{W+|tr|patır patır}}, {{W+|tr|sapır sapır}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>3dmr0of7s4mq00mev5iw98w453ehjx7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêrgî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50786</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291325</id>
      <parentid>6285809</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291325</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="801" sha1="6pqc4zn493omt934hbxnpogihz94poh" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[tûşî|Tûşî]], [[hevriş]], [[rû-bi-rû]], [[rastî]], [[dîtin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ew '''pêrgî''' min hat|rêz=1|ew hat ber min, ew di ber min re derbas bûn, min ew dît.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Qedera xwe ya ku ew '''pêrgî''' bela û derdekî welê anîbû gunehbar kir.|wergêr=Serdar Roşan|sernav=Çîroka Hezar û Şevekê|url=http://tirsik.net/danegeh/zarok/%C3%87%C3%AErok%C3%AAn%20hezar%20%C3%BB%20%C5%9Fevek%C3%AA.pdf|sal=1998}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pêrgî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêrgîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pêrgî bûn
|pêrgî hatin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|face}}, {{W+|en|coincidence}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6pqc4zn493omt934hbxnpogihz94poh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>desteser</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51270</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291326</id>
      <parentid>6096119</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291326</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="843" sha1="fp4xi5qb03j2biprap5hlb3exfm4b1p" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|desteser}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[girtî]], [[dîl]], [[êsîr]], [[zindanî]],  &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê yan tiştê ku dest anku kontrol li ser e,  &lt;br&gt;tiştê yan kesê ku [[dest danîn ser|dest li ser hatiye danîn]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Desteser''' kirin.|girtin, [[zindanî kirin]], kirin hefsê yan nezaretê|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|Polîsan rojnamevanek '''desteser''' kir.}}

==== Nêzîk ====
* {{g|ku|tepeser}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|desteserî
|desteserîtî
|destesertî
|desteser kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|desteserkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|desteserkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[dest]] li [[ser]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Annexion|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|annexation}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|müsadere}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>fp4xi5qb03j2biprap5hlb3exfm4b1p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>serhevde</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51317</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291327</id>
      <parentid>6287259</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291327</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1576" sha1="iw3jsyt0j6idr94epvviril6f8q5ks9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|serhevde|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Di civatê de tiştên eyb; ji ber qusûr an jî kêmasiya xwe, yek dibe şerma rûyê yekî din.
#: {{hevmane|ku|minet|pozdaxî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kirinên Ehmedî '''serhevdeya''' serê me hemîyan e.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Hûn şiyar bin, bila di mintîqeya me de tiştekî xerab, ji me re ku bibe rûreşî û '''serhevde''' çênebe|nivîskar=Eyüp Kıran| sernav=Dewrêşê Evdî Kulîlka Bilbizêk û Rim|cîh=Stenbol|weşanxane={{w|Nûbihar}}|sal=2018|çap=4|rûpel=27 |isbn=978-9944-360-95-1}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[tirral|Tirral]], [[tembel]], [[keslan]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[bed|Bed]], [[xirab]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ermenîtiya dapîra Abdullah Gul lê dibe '''serhevde'''.|Netkurd.com, 12/2008}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|serhivde}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|serhevde kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serhevdekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|serhevdekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|serhevdehî
|serhevdetî
|serhevdeyî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|tembel, tiral|2}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تنبل}}, {{W+|fa|عیب}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Cînav ===
{{cînav|ku}}
# [[hemû|Hemû]], [[tev]], [[giş]], [[pêkve]], [[li gel hev]], bi hev re.
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>iw3jsyt0j6idr94epvviril6f8q5ks9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>revîze</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51375</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291328</id>
      <parentid>6124978</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291328</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="604" sha1="ju6zeh8salz86ng3jixq7a3g98cc88l" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|revîze}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[guherandî|Guherandî]], [[guhartî]], [[sererastkirî]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Revîze''' kirin.|[[guherandin]], [[guhartin]], [[sererast]] kirin|rêz=1}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|revîzel
|revîzer
|revîsyon
|revîsyonîzm
|revîsyonîst
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|revîze kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|revîzekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|revîzekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|revize}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ju6zeh8salz86ng3jixq7a3g98cc88l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tebrîk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51570</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291329</id>
      <parentid>6098822</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291329</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="798" sha1="a7fze91mvj5ywmtyqgzinz6opoar07v" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[pîroz|Pîroz]], [[tiberrk]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Tebrîk''' kirin.|pîroz kirin, gotê: pîroz be!|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tebrîk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tebrîkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tebrîkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|تَبْرِيك}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Glückwunsch|m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تبریک}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|tebrik}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tebrîk|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pîrozname|Pîrozname]], [[name]]yên [[pîrozbahî|pîrozbahiyê]], [[kart]]ên [[pîroz]]kirinê.
#: {{nm|ku|Wî '''tebrîkek''' bi postê ji min re şand.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>a7fze91mvj5ywmtyqgzinz6opoar07v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ranav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51699</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291330</id>
      <parentid>6286670</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291330</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="696" sha1="md1gju0dqkruw1dy6ibqjf7zdb8rlmb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# [[navber|Navber]], [[hindir]], [[daxil]], [[li gel]], [[pê re]].
#: {{nm|ku|Wana '''ranavê''' pez dikevin u mîhên xweyên ciliz u pîr ji nav digrin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Geh bi niga '''ranav''' dikeve, geh bi destan.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ranav ketin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ranavketin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ranav ketin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|الضمــیر|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الطویـة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الطیة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نظریه}}, {{W+|fa|اشاره}}, {{W+|fa|تلقین}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>md1gju0dqkruw1dy6ibqjf7zdb8rlmb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>serbiser</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51724</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291331</id>
      <parentid>6098507</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291331</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="885" sha1="6fc27u7gzzggs0i5endlic77lp6h8p3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# Ji seriyekî de heta serî din. [[sertaser]], [[herder]], [[hemû]] [[cih]], [[tev]] [[erd]]
#: {{nm|ku|Dêrsim, '''serbiser''' asê û delal.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Erebokek ku '''serbiser''' tije findeqên herêma Bahrareş, li pêşberî kamyonetê sekinîbû.|Amidakurd.eu|url=http://www.amidakurd.eu/yazar.php?id=183}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|ser|bi|ser}}.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|serbiser kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|serbiserkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|entlang}}, {{W-|de|von einem Ende zum anderen}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|بجانب|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سراپا|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|along}}
* {{Z|tr}}: 1. {{W+|tr|baştan başa}} 2., {{W+|tr|mübadele}}, {{W+|tr|trampa}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6fc27u7gzzggs0i5endlic77lp6h8p3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>biker</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51830</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291332</id>
      <parentid>6121335</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291332</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1410" sha1="n6yavzqrmj3t6umbjfyypir6d06tu1p" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê ku tiştekî dike yan tiştek kiriye, kesê ku [[kar]]ek [[encamdan|encam dide]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|faîl|kirar|çêker|kara}}
#: {{nm|ku|Aya '''bikerê''' vê bêrewiştiyê dê kî be?}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Di daxuyaniya nivîskî ya Efkan Ala de, ku îro berî demekê hat weşandin, nasnameya '''biker'''ê teqîna Enqerê hat aşkerekirin.|rudaw.net/kurmanci 3/2016}}
# [[kirar|Kirar]], [[subje]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bikerê''' ristê li gel kîjan kar tê bikaranîn?}}

==== Têkilî ====
* {{g|ku|berkar}} (1)

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|bikar}}
* {{g|ku|bikêr}}
* {{g|ku|bikirr}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji [[bi-]] + -k- (ji [[kirin]]) + [[-er]].

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|bikerî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}:  the {{W+|en|doer}}, {{W+|en|subject}}, {{W+|en|agent}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|atılgan}}, {{W+|tr|hadim}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{mijar|ku|Zimannasî}}

== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb|sc=Latn}}
# [[kirde]]
#* {{bêmînak|ckb}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:{{ku-tîp|baykir}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Benoît Prieur-biker.wav|Deng|dever=Saint-Maurice-de-Beynost, Fransa}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-biker.wav|Deng|dever=Başûrê Îngilistanê, QY}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[motorsikletvan]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}
# [[duçerxevan]], [[bisikletvan]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}</text>
      <sha1>n6yavzqrmj3t6umbjfyypir6d06tu1p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>aksan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51949</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291333</id>
      <parentid>6099529</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291333</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="981" sha1="f382vwl8485a3g905i55i61ll5hvm7z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|aksan|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
#  [[şêwe|Şêwe]]yê [[xeberdan]]ê, [[awa]]yê [[xeberdan]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew baş bi kurdî diaxive lê ji '''aksana''' wî diyar e ku ew ne kurd lê biyanî ye.}}

===== Bide ber =====
* [[aksent]]

===== Etîmolojî =====
Bi şêweyê ''aksan'' bi riya {{deyn|tr|ku|aksan}} ji {{ji|fr|ku|accent}} û bi awayê ''aksent, eksent, eksint'' bi {{ji|en|ku|accent}}, herdu jî ji latînî {{ji|la|ku|ad-}} + {{q|la|cantus|w=[[stran]]}}.

===== Jê =====
* [[aksanî]]

===== Werger =====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Tonfall|n}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|aksentti}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|accent}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|accent}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aksan}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-aksan.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[aksan#ku|aksan]], [[devok]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[derblêdan]], [[kirp]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}</text>
      <sha1>f382vwl8485a3g905i55i61ll5hvm7z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51981</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291334</id>
      <parentid>6243946</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 2 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291334</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2354" sha1="87tsrorue25qejd3jmi5pqjveueho9m" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# Dengê ku [[mih]] derdixin.

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|به‌رین}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|dengderxistina mihan}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|baa}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|melemek}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# ya [[pêşîn]], [[yekem]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|pêşîn, yekem}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|anteriority}}, {{W+|en|primarily}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ilk}}, {{W+|tr|birinci}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{maneid|ku|fire}} [[berfireh|Berfireh]], [[fireh]], [[bêsinor]].
#: {{nm|ku|Biheşta '''berîn'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Esmanê '''berîn'''.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|berfireh}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|comprehensive}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|geniş çaplı}}, {{W+|tr|kapsamlı}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 3 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[deştîn]], [[beristan]], [[dever|deverên]] [[ziwa]] û [[hişk]],  [[dever|deverên]] [[kêm]] [[baran]] lê [[barîn|dibare]] û [[loma]] [[ziwa]]

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[berî#Navdêr_2|berî]]

==== Jê ====
* [[berînî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|deverên ziwa}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|desert}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ova}}, {{W+|tr|bozkır}}
{{werger-bin}}

==== Çavkanî ====
# Mela Xelîl Mişextî: ''Ferhenga Merg û Jî'', Aras, Hewlêr 2006

=== Rengdêr 1 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kevirîn]], ji [[ber]]î
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Li [[bajar]]ê Zonguldakê [[karker]]ên [[komir]] qanûna nû protesto kir. Li gor [[pêşniyarname]]ya guhertina [[qanûn]]an a ku [[lijne|Lijne]]ya [[plan|Plan]] û [[bûtçe|Bûtçe]]yê ji bo Meclisê [[rê kirin|rêkirîye]] [[sazî|Sazi]]ya [[komir|Komir]]a '''[[berîn|Berîn]]''' a Tirkiyeyê dê ji bo şirketên [[taybet]] bê firotin.|sernav=Ji malpera nûçeyan a Bianet.org|url=http://bianet.org/bianet/ked/191278-karkeren-komire-cun-di-circirriken-komire-de-u-deri-girtin|dîrok=11/2017}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|ber|-în}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kevirîn}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|stony}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|taştan yapılmış}}, {{W+|tr|taştan}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr 2 ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kevnare]], [[qedîm]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|kevnare}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ancient}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kadim}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>87tsrorue25qejd3jmi5pqjveueho9m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mezûm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52046</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291335</id>
      <parentid>6244815</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291335</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1813" sha1="jnpahdigf1i0aft5rrbjksi9yi9uuoo" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mezûm|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bang|Bang]]kirina kesekî ji bo derekê (bi taybetî [[şahî|şahiyekê]] yan [[civîn]]ekê), [[gotin]] kesekî &quot;were [[filan]] [[der]]ê&quot;.
#: {{hevmane|ku|vexwendin|dawet|ezimandin}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wan em '''mezûm''' nekirin daweta kurê xwe.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wê ez '''mezûm''' kirime mala xwe.|Wê gotiye min: &quot;were mala min&quot;.|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|mazûm
|mehzûm
|me'zûm
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku}}, têkildarî ''[[ezimandin]]''.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|mezûm kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|mezûmkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|mezûmkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|mezûmat
|mezûmî
|mezûmvan
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|mezûm kirin}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|nooi}}, {{W|af|uitnooi}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|ftoj}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|einladen}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|indbyde}}, {{W|da|invitere}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|ajak}}, {{W|id|mengajak}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|inviti}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|bjóða}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|kutsua}} (johonkin)
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|inviter}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|noadzje}}, {{W|fy|noegje}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|inviteren}}, {{W|nl|noden}}, {{W|nl|uitnodigen}}, {{W|nl|vragen}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W|ang|gelaþian}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|invite}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|invitare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|bióða}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|convidar}}, {{W|ca|invitar}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W|ms|ajak … mengajak}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|invitere}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W|pap|invitá}}, {{W|pap|kombidá}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|zaprosić}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|convidar}}, {{W|pt|invitar}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|invita}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|invitar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|bjuda}}, {{W|sv|inbjuda}}, {{W|sv|invitera}}, {{W|sv|uppbjuda}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W|tl|anyayáhan}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jnpahdigf1i0aft5rrbjksi9yi9uuoo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kredî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52066</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291336</id>
      <parentid>6250474</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291336</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1078" sha1="jmffb3qdac2nd7onhxeqxc3qfxeiu6a" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kredî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[deyn]], [[qer]], [[qerz]] (yê ku tê dan)
#: {{nm|ku|Bankê '''kredî''' neda wî ji ber ku ew bêkar e.}}
# [[pare]]yê ku kesekî li ser [[hesab]]a xwe ya [[banke|bankê]] heye
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|krêdî}}

==== Ji wêjeyê ====
''Welatên Almanya, Awistirya û Swîsreyê, ku kredî dida Bendava Ilisûya ku dê Heskîfê noqav bike, dayîna krediyê betal kir...''

(Diyarname.com, 7/2009)

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi rêya fransî [[crédit]] ji latînî [[creditum]] ([[deyn]], [[qer]]) ji [[credere]] ([[bawer]] kirin, bawerî pê anîn)

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kredî dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kredîdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|karta krediyê
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Kredit|n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشتوانه}}, {{W+|fa|وام|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|luotto}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|crédit}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|credit}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kredi}}, {{W+|tr|itibar}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jmffb3qdac2nd7onhxeqxc3qfxeiu6a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>laîk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52264</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291337</id>
      <parentid>6244690</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291337</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1269" sha1="4pqe1vmorzq1es1xs5s8rve57qjftbu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|la|îk}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|laîk}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[sekuler]], [[elmanî]], ne [[dînî]], &lt;br&gt;[[birêvebirin]]a li gor [[qanûn]]ên mirovan, ne li gor [[şerîet]]ê
#: {{nm|ku|Divê welatê me '''laîk''' be, ne dînî be.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|layîk}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|laîq
|layiq
}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|laîsîzm}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi rêya fransî [[laïque]] ji latînî [[laicus]] (mirovên sade, mirovên bê erkên dînî) ji yewnaniya kevn ''laîkos'' ([[gelêrî]]) ji ''laos'' ([[gel]], [[mirov]], [[xelk]])

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|laîk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|laîkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|laîkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|laîkane
|laîkî
|laîkîtî
|laîktî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|angemessen}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|ilmalik}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|maallinen}}, {{W+|fi|sekulaari}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|laïque}}, {{W+|fr|seculaire}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|secular}}, {{W|en|lahar|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|laic|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|saecularis}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|világi}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|świecki}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|secular}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|laik}}, {{W+|tr|seküler}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4pqe1vmorzq1es1xs5s8rve57qjftbu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hecîreşk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52691</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291338</id>
      <parentid>6264429</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291338</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4319" sha1="85pmr4i29kd9h0akrxb52529nhjnkkj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Cecropis rufula, Ottenby, Öland, Sweden.jpg|thumb|hecîreşkek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[çûk|Çûk]]ekî [[hûrik]] û bi [[gelemper]]î [[reş]] e û [[dûvik]]ên wê [[tûj]] in.
#: {{hevmane|ku|hechecik|dûmeqesk|peresêlke|pêlistank}}
#: {{nm|ku|Refek '''hacîreşkên''' koçer payizê di ser mala me re ber bi başûr ve firîn.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hacîreşkan''' hêlînên xwe di ber [[sivande]]yên me re çêkirine.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|hacîreşk}}

==== Bi alfabeyên kurdî ====
* [[aramî]] / [[erebî]]: {{ku-ar|حاجیڕه‌شك}}
* [[kirîlî]]: [[h'aщирәшк]]

==== Pîrepend ====
* Hechecikê wê silavê li hecê kê

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji [[hacî]] + [[reş]] + [[-k]] (''ji ber ku payizan ji Kurdistanê ber bi başûr anku ber bi [[hec]]ê ve [[koç]] dikin.'')

==== Navê ilmî ====
* ''Hirundo''

==== Malbat ====
* ''Hirundinidae''

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W|ckb|perresêlke}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W|zza|hechecike}}
{{werger-bin}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|swavel|xs=Afrikaans}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|dallëndyshja}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Schwalbe|f}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W|eu|enara}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W|be|ластаука|tr=lastauka}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|gwennili-siminal}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W|bg|селска лястовица|f}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|vlaštovka|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[燕子]] (yànzi)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|svale}}, {{W|da|landsvale}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[سنونو]] (senusew), {{W|ar|السنونو|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|ծիծեռնակ}}
*: [[ermenî|ermeniya kevn]]: [[ծիծեռն]], [[ծիծառն]]
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|hirundo|xs=Esperanto}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W|et|pääsuke}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|پرستو|tr=perestû}}, {{W|fa|چلچله|tr=çelçele}}, {{W|fa|ابابیل|tr=ebabîl}}, {{W|fa|کلاغ}}, {{W|fa|نوعی پرنده}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W|fo|svala|xs=Faroese}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|pääskynen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|hirondelle|f}}
* [[frîsî|frîsiya rojava]]: [[swel]], [[boereswel]]
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W|fy|cisile}}, {{W|fy|sisile}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W|gd|gòbhlan-gaoithe}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|zwaluw|f}}, {{W|nl|boerenzwaluw|f}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|סנונית|tr=snunit|f}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W|io|hirundo}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[swallow]] (''[[bird]]''), {{W|en|martlet}}, {{W|en|martin}}, {{W|en|housemartin}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|andoriña|f}}, {{W|ga|fáinleog}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|rondine}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|svala}}, {{W|is|landsvala}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|燕|tr=[[つばめ]], tsubame}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|oreneta|f}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[제비]] (jebi)
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|hirundo}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W|lv|bezdelīga|xs=Latvian}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|kregždė|f}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W|mk|ластовица|f}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W|mt|ħuttafa|xs=Maltese}}
* [[nahwatlî]]: [[cuicuizcatl]]
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|fecske}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W|no|svale|tr=[[låvesvale]]}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W|oc|ironda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|jaskółka|f}}, {{W|pl|dymówka|f}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|andorinha|f}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W|rom|pitsagoy|m}}, {{W|rom|rindilashka|f}}
* [[romançî]]: [[randulina]]
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|rândunică|f}}, {{W|ro|lăstun|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|ласточка|tr=lástočka|f}}
* [[saksî|saksiya jêrîn]]: [[swulk]], [[swolk]], [[swalk]], [[swölk]] {{m}}
* [[samî]]: [[spálfu]], [[suorrespálfu]], [[láhtospálfu]]
* [[sardînî]]: [[mongixedda]], [[arrùndine]], [[arrùndini]]
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|lastavica|f}}, {{W|sh|lasta|f}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|ластавица}} {{m}}, {{W-|sh|ласта}} {{m}}
*: Latînî: {{W-|sh|lastavica|f}}, {{W-|sh|lasta}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|lastavica|f}}, {{W|sh|lasta|f}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W|sco|swalla}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|lastovička|f}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|lastovka|f}}, {{W|sl|lastovica|f}}
* [[sorbî|sorbiya jêrîn]]: [[jaskolicka]]
* [[sorbî|sorbiya jorîn]]: [[łastojčka]]
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|golondrina|f}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|mbayuwayu|xs=Swahili}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|svala}}, {{W|sv|ladusvala}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W|th|นางแอ่น|tr=naang àen}}
* [[teterî]]: [[qarılğaç]]
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|kırlangıç}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W|uk|ластівка|tr=lastivka|f}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W|cy|gwennol|xs=Welsh}}
* {{Z|el}}: [[χελιδόνι]] (kheliðóni)
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>85pmr4i29kd9h0akrxb52529nhjnkkj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêtin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52730</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291339</id>
      <parentid>6244492</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291339</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5212" sha1="lnfzeh3wb1q2l0lg9czwqay3dtatlci" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|bêtin|form=gerguhêz|niha=bêj|borî=bêt}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x}}
# ([[genim]]) li [[bêjing]]ê/[[moxel]]ê kirin, bi [[bêjing]]ê yan [[moxel]]ê [[genim]] ji [[qirşûmirş]]an [[bijartin]] anku [[paqij]] kirin
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|bêhtin
|bihtin
|bêjan
}}

==== Tewîn ====
:-bêt-

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[hevreh]]a zazakî [[vêtene]] (rehê dema niha &quot;-vêj-&quot;), farisî {{g|fa|بیختن}} (bîxten, rehê dema niha ''-bîz-''), pehlewî ''wêxten'', hemû ji {{ji|ira}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|bêjer
|bêjing
|bêjîng
|bêtî
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|الک کردن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|winnow|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|elemek}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x}}
# [[gotin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Tewîn ====
:-bêj-

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[wek-]], bi latînî [[vox]], bi avestayî [[vâxten]] (-vâç-), bi partî [[vâxten]] (-vâj-), bi zazakî [[vatene]] (-vaj- / -vac-), bi kurdiya başûrî [[wetin]] (-wêj-), soranî [[wutin]] (-wêj-, [[-łê-]]).

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|-bêj
|-bêjî
|bêjer
|bêjerî
|galebêt
|galebêtik
|galebêtikî
|galebêtî
|bêtar
|bêtbêt
|bêtbêtik
|bêtbêtikî
|bêtbêtk
|bêtbêtkî
|bêtinî
|bêtî
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* Hewramî: [[watey]]
* Kurmancî: [[gotin]] bêtin
* Soranî: [[wutin]], [[gutin]]
* Zazakî: [[vatene]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|sê}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|sagen}}, {{W+|de|durchsieben}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W-|bm|fɔ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|казвам}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|říct}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|说}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|sige}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kata}}, {{W+|id|sebut}}, {{W+|id|tutur}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[قال]] (qal)
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|diri}}
* {{Z|fa}}: [[گفتن]] (goften)
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|siga}}
* [[filipînî]]: [[magsabi]]
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sanoa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|dire}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|sizze}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|abair}}, {{W+|gd|can}}
* {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|'e}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|opgeven}}, {{W+|nl|zeggen}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|dicar}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|cweþan}}, {{W-|ang|gesecgan}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|say}}, {{W+|en|tell}}, {{W+|en|state}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|dire}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|segja}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|言う|tr=[[いう]], iu}}, {{W+|ja|語る|tr=[[かたる]], kataru}}, [[おっしゃる]] (ossharu)
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|dir}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|dicere}}
* {{Z|loj}}: {{W-|loj|bacru}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|kata}}
* [[mançûyî]]: ([[sembi]]), ([[hendumbi]])
* {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|a’alik}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|mond}}, {{W+|hu|szól}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|si}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|bisa}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|powiedzieć}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|dizer}}, {{W+|pt|proferir}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|spune}}, {{W+|ro|zice}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|говорить}} (govorîti), {{W+|ru|сказать}} (skazati)
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|taki}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|povedať}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|decir}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|säga}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|söylemek}}, {{W+|tr|demek}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W-|zu|-thi}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bêtin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[peyv]], [[kelîme]], [[bêje]], [[çeko]]
#: {{nm|ku|Maneya vê '''bêtinê''' çi ye?}}
# [[axiftin]], [[peyivîn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Min ti ji '''bêtina''' wî fam nekir.}}
# [[peyam]], [[mesaj]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bêtina''' wî ji me re hat.}}
# [[pend]], [[şîret]]
#: {{nm|ku|Divê zarrok bi '''bêtina''' dêbavên xwe bikin.}}

==== Werger ====
''[[peyv]], [[bêje]], [[kelîme]]:''
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|woord}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|fjalë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Wort|n}}, {{W+|de|Vokabel|n}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|parabra}}; {{W+|an|parola}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|ger|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|slovo}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|言}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|ord|n}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|kata}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|vorto}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|orð}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|sana}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|mot}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|wurd|n}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|facal}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|palabra}}
* {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|mò}}; {{W-|ht|pawòl}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|woord}}, {{W+|nl|bewoording}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|word}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|word}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|parola|f}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|orð}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|言葉}}, {{W+|ja|単語}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|mot}}, {{W+|ca|paraula}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|verbum}}, {{W-|la|vocabulum}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szó}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|ord|n}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|palabra}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|słowo}}; {{W+|pl|wyraz}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|palavra|f}}, {{W+|pt|vocábulo}}, {{W+|pt|termo}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|cuvînt}}, {{W+|ro|vorbă}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|слово}}
* {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|parola|f}}
* {{Z|srn}}: {{W-|srn|wortu}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|aray}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|palabra|f}}, {{W+|es|palabro}}, {{W+|es|vocablo}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|neno}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|ord}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|salitá}}, {{W+|tl|salitâ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|süz}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|söz}}, {{W+|tr|sözcük}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|λέξη}}
* {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|igama}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lnfzeh3wb1q2l0lg9czwqay3dtatlci</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>favor</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53021</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291340</id>
      <parentid>6261653</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:19:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291340</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="556" sha1="kxcvddoqf4x3u374bjbo60iiyedka4q" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:{{ku-tîp|feyvir}}
* {{deng|en|en-us-favor.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|En-us-favour.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-favor.wav|Deng|dever=Başûrê Îngilistanê, QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-favor.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-favor.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# [[qencî]], [[xizmet]], [[çakî]]
#: {{nm|en||Çakîya te li gel min kirîye, ji bîr nabe.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|en|favour}}</text>
      <sha1>kxcvddoqf4x3u374bjbo60iiyedka4q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rizî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53109</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291341</id>
      <parentid>6263128</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291341</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3146" sha1="c4nurqrmamuno5h8glou1qg2pn08j2n" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Wendabûna [[saxlem]]bûnê bi taybetî Ji ber kevnbûnê yan jî şert û zirûfên hewayê.
#: {{nm|ku|Qamyona me di gumrikê ji ber ku malê qaçax tê de hat girtin wê kişandin sehaya gumrikê. Ev 5 sale li bin baranê '''riziya'''. Heyfa wê welehî.}}
# Tiştên ku [[kirm]] yan [[bakterî]] [[ketin|ketiniyê]]; tiştên ku [[kirm]] yan [[bakterî]] di nav de hene û [[loma]] êdî nayên [[xwarin]] yan [[bêhn]]ek [[nexweş]] jê tê.
#: {{hevmane|ku|kirmî|kûfîkî|genî}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|رزی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|riziyayî
|rizyayî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji ''[[rizîn]]''.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rizî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rizî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rizîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rizîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rizîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rizîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|rizîtî}}

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku
|kirmî
|kurimîn
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|kalbur}}, {{W+|sq|prishur}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|faul}}, {{W+|de|verfault}}, {{W+|de|verrottet}}, {{W+|de|zersetzt|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|aasig|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|dekadent|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|shnilý}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|rådden}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|busuk}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|أكرج|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|بلي|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|تفسخ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|تكرج|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|تهم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|خمخم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|سخم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|عفن|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|غب|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|قنم|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|قنئ|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|كحي|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|ورب|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|وهى|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W-|hy|փտած|tr=p'taç}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|putra}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پوسیده}}, {{W+|fa|فرسوده}}, {{W+|fa|پلاسیده}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|mädäntynyt}}, {{W+|fi|mätä}}
* {{Z|fr}}: [[trop]] [[mûr]]
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|rot}}, {{W+|nl|verrot}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|rotten}}, {{W+|en|decayed}}, {{W+|en|rancid}}, {{W+|en|crumbled}}, {{W+|en|crumbling}}, {{W+|en|decomposition}}, {{W+|en|decadent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|decomposed|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|degraded|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|depraved|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|dilapidated|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|disintegrated|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|gamey|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|putrescent|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|putrid|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sapro|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|marcito}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|rohadt}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|podre}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|гнилой|tr=gnilój}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|gnjio|cuda=gnjȉo}}, {{W+|sh|truo|cuda=trȕo}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|salach}}, {{W-|sco|breun}}, {{W-|sco|grod}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|hnilý}}, {{W-|sk|zhnitý}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|gnil}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|estropeado}}, {{W+|es|carcomido}}, {{W+|es|podrido}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rutten}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|çürük}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çürük}}, {{W+|tr|bozuk}}, {{W+|tr|zağ|guman=erê}}
* [[warlpîrî]]: [[puka]]
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|σάπιος}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>c4nurqrmamuno5h8glou1qg2pn08j2n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hinekî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53171</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291342</id>
      <parentid>6243924</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291342</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2510" sha1="57nmom0tbniz5vwlcm9dw9nyc6zp71w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[piçekê]], [[piçekî]], ne [[gelekî]]
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Canê min giran bû û '''hinekî''' jî serê min dêşiya.|''[[w:Biyanî|Biyanî]]'', [[w:Albert Camus|Albert Camus]], Weşanên [[w:Nûdem|Nûdem]]}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''hinekî''' nesax im.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|hindekê
|hindekî
|hinekê
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hinekî berdan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hinekîberdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|hinek|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|etwas}}, {{W|de|ein bisschen}}, {{W|de|ein wenig}}, {{W|de|teils}}, {{W|de|halb|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|streckenweise|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|zum Teil|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|bißchen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|teilweise|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Deut|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|trochu}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|一点儿}}, {{W|zh|一点}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|lidt}}, {{W|da|en smule}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|قليل}}, {{W|ar|بضع}}, {{W|ar|شوية|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|մի քիչ}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|کمی}}, {{W|fa|مقداری}}, {{W|fa|کمی}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|hieman}}, {{W|fi|hiukan}}, {{W|fi|vähän}}, {{W|fi|pikkuisen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|un peu}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|थोड़ी-थोड़ी}}, {{W|hi|थोड़ा सा}}, {{W|hi|थोड़ा-थोड़ा}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|beetje|cuda=een beetje}}, {{W|nl|niet veel}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|קצת|tr=ktsat}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|a little}}, {{W|en|a bit}}, {{W|en|slightly}}, {{W|en|partly}}, {{W|en|somewhat}}, {{W|en|little bit|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|un poco}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|smá}}, {{W|is|svolítill|cuda=svolítið}}, {{W|is|örlítill|cuda=örlítið}}, {{W|is|eilítill|cuda=eilítið}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|ちょっと|tr=chotto}}, {{W-|ja|少し|tr=すこし, sukoshi|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|작은|tr=jakeun}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|truputį|xs=Lithuanian}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W|mk|малку|tr=málku}}, {{W|mk|неколку|tr=nékolku}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|egy kis}}, {{W|hu|kevés}}, {{W|hu|egy kevés}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|trochę}}
* {{Z|pt}}: [[um]] {{W+|pt|pouco}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|puţin}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|немного|tr=nemnógo}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W|sh|malo}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|un poco}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|lite}}, {{W|sv|lite grann}}/{{W|sv|lite grand}}, {{W|sv|en smula}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|biraz}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W|yi|אַ ביסל|tr=a bisl}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|λίγο}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>57nmom0tbniz5vwlcm9dw9nyc6zp71w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gijol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53739</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291343</id>
      <parentid>6281626</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291343</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="741" sha1="h7u3gv5ssrt4ke4yp9qspb1op5a3iu2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|gijol|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# ji bo por [[belawela]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Gijola''' por.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Serdar Roşan/Çîroka Hezar û Şevekê}}|jêgirtin=Dema ew li wê derê rûniştîbûn, bayek rabû, '''gijol'''ek çêbû û ber bi wan hat.|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622131755/https://tirsik.net/danegeh/zarok/%C3%87%C3%AErok%C3%AAn%20hezar%20%C3%BB%20%C5%9Fevek%C3%AA.pdf}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gijol bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gijolbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|هرج و مرج}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hercümerç}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>h7u3gv5ssrt4ke4yp9qspb1op5a3iu2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berling</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53786</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291344</id>
      <parentid>6278201</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291344</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="451" sha1="jfs85ma5c1sw7x5wkvh9yubk40sfzjg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|berling|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pêlik|Pêlik]]a ber [[derî]] ku  du sê [[cercik]]ên wê he ne.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Berling'''a hêwanê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Berling'''a axur.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مچ پا}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|eşik}}, {{W-|tr|ayak altı}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jfs85ma5c1sw7x5wkvh9yubk40sfzjg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berbihev</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53790</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291345</id>
      <parentid>6278091</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291345</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="798" sha1="t89cm7fu1b4m1pfpvdy1b77imq67dg3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berbihev}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Bi alî [[hev]], [[rû bi rû]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Berbihev''' ve çûn lê şerr nekirin.|Bi alî hev ve çûn lê şerr nekirin.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berbihev kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berhevî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berbihev hatin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ber bi hev ve çûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berbihevkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berhevîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berbihevhatin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berbihevveçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سازگار|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|conformable|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|birbirlerine doğru}}, {{W+|tr|uygun|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|yanaşma|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>t89cm7fu1b4m1pfpvdy1b77imq67dg3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>firk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53812</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291346</id>
      <parentid>6281146</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291346</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3430" sha1="coul3z0n7az1nqrzr0rl6225fh68h9b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[degmen]], [[nadir]], [[kêmpeyda]], [[kêmyab]], [[nayab]], [[kêm]] û ji hev [[dûr]], &lt;br&gt;ne [[himbiz]], ne [[bor]], ne [[boş]], ne [[mişe]], [[gur]], ne [[pir]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ev daristan pir '''firk''' e.|Darên vê dairstanê ne gelek û ne nêzîkî hev in.|rêz=1}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Xanî '''firk''' bûn, yek li vir, yê din taa li dera hanê bû.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* kurdî-erebî: {{g|ku|sc=Arab|فڕک}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku
|firrk
|firr
|fir
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|firk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|firk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|firkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|firkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|firkbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|firkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|firkane
|firkî
|firkîtî
|firktî
}}

==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|himbiz
|bor
|boş
|gur
|xur
|çir
|dir
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: dünn gesät, {{W+|de|selten}}, {{W+|de|rar}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|vzácný|m}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[稀少]] (xīshǎo)
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|sjælden}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|نادر|tr=nadir}}, {{W|ar|التشنج|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|haruldane}}, {{W+|et|erakordne}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|کمیاب|tr=kamyāb}}, {{W|fa|نایاب|tr=nāyāb}}, {{W|fa|شاذ|tr=šazz}}, {{W|fa|تنک|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|چرخش ناگهانی|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|زائیدن اسب|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|فاصله دار|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|کم پشت|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|harvinainen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|rare}}, {{W+|fr|peu commun}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W+|gd|gann}}, {{W|gd|ainneamh|xs=Scottish Gaelic}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W|hi|दुर्लभ|xs=Hindi}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zeldzaam}}, {{W+|nl|zeldzame}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|rare}}, {{W+|en|scanty}}, {{W+|en|scarce}}, {{W+|en|uncommon}}, {{W|en|gulp|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|raro}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|珍しい|tr=めずらしい, mezurashii}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|rar}}
* {{Z|ko}}: [[드문]] (deumun)
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ritka}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|skjelden}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|raro}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|rar}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|редкий|tr=rédkij}}
* {{Z|sa}}: [[विरल]] (viral)
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|rijedak}}, {{W+|sh|rijetko}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|riedky}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|redek}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|escaso}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sällsynt}}, {{W+|sv|rar}}, {{W+|sv|ovanlig}}
* {{Z|te}}: [[అరుదు]] (arudu)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|seyrek}}, {{W+|tr|aralıklı|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|ender|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tek tük|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kasınç|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kramp|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|σπάνιος|m|tr=spánios}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|firk|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[veresîn]], [[vebûn]]a [[kêlîk]]ên [[dirûn]]ê, [[fitiq]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Firk''' ketiye pêlava min.|Sola min diriyaye/peritiye.|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Firk''' ketiye pişta min.}}
# Tengbûneke bi [[êş]] û [[jan]] a [[ji nişka]] ve di [[masûlke]]yekê de, pir caran piştî gelek [[werzîş]]ê, ku [[tevger]]ê [[sînordar]] dike.
#* '''Firk''' kete pişta min.


==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cramp}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kramp}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|ku}}
# {{guharto|ku|firkandin|w=mist li ser leşî gerandin}}</text>
      <sha1>coul3z0n7az1nqrzr0rl6225fh68h9b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tenî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53816</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291347</id>
      <parentid>6098865</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291347</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5707" sha1="q1ql0tjte4d8gxxnnfnfgakg6q2awho" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|tˁenî}}, طەنی
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Mihemed Qers-tenî.wav|Deng|Qers}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|tenî|mê}}
[[Wêne:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F045175-0007, _Castrop-Rauxel, _Bundespr%C3%A4sident_besucht_Bergwerk.jpg|thumb|'''Tenî''' li ser rûyê kesekî. (1)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{t-ya nerm}}
# [[reşahî|Reşati]]ya [[dûman]]ê, [[şop]]a [[dûman]]ê,[[hîs]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Teniya''' kulekê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Teniya''' beroşê.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di zarokatiyê de dema em nexweş diketin, ji '''teniyê''' li eniya me xaç dihat çêkirin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji nav malên ku dişewitîn kalekî ku rîha wî bi '''tenî''' reşbuyî derket.|''[[w:Çiyayê Agirî|Çiyayê Agirî]]'', [[w:Yaşar Kemal|Yaşar Kemal]], Weşanxana [[w:Çanda Kurdî|Çanda Kurdî]]}}
# {{dever|Qers}} [[bela|Bela]], [[mîratî]], [[muzir]].
#: {{nm|ku|Ev rovî bûye '''tenî''' li serê me,her carê dikeve koxa me çar-pênc mirîşkan dixeniqîne dihêle.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kuro lawo tu bûyî '''tenî''' çima rehet nasenî!,hergav zarên xelkê dixî, dê û bavên wan tên te şikayet dikin.}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|hîs}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ته‌نی}} (dengnasî: طەنی)

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|tenî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|tenîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|tenîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|tenîgirtî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܢܐ|tr=ṭîna}} yan ji {{ji|ar|ku|طين|tr=ṭîn}}, [[hevreh]]a îbrî [[טין]] (ṭîn), maneya peyvê di zimanên samî de &quot;[[herrî]], [[ax]], [[toz]], [[qirêj]]&quot; e. Yan jî dîsa ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܬܢܢܐ}} (tennana: [[dû]], [[dûman]]), [[hevreh]]a erebî {{g|ar|عثن}} ('eṯen), îbrî [[עשן]] ('aşan), hemû ji [[proto-samî]] *[['ṯn]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|blozë|m}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ruß|n}}, ''Swiss spelling:'' {{W+|de|Russ|n}}
*: {{Z|gsw}}: {{W-|gsw|Ruus|n}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|курун}}
* {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|follín}}
* {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|furidzinã}}, {{W-|rup|fulidzini|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|his}}, {{W+|az|qurum}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|kedar}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|ҡором|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|bar}}: {{W-|bar|Ruass}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|са́жа|m}}, {{W-|be|ку́рава|nt}}, {{W-|be|ко́паць|m}}
* {{Z|bcl}}: {{W-|bcl|ariw}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|са́жди|m-p}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကျပ်ခိုး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|saze|m-p}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|mwaye}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|油煙|tr=yóuyān}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|хӑрӑм}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|سُخَام|n}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|մուր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|fulgo}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|sót|nt}}, {{W-|fo|ím|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|noki}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|suie|m}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|frusìn|n}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|roet}}, {{W-|fy|ruot}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sùith|m}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|feluxe|m}}, {{W+|gl|sarrio|n}}, {{W-|gl|parruma|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ჭვარტლი|sc=Geor}}, {{W-|ka|მური|sc=Geor}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|roet|nt}}, {{W+|nl|zoet|nt}}, {{W-|nl|rookzwart|nt}}
* {{Z|iba}}: {{W-|iba|arok}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|פִּיחַ|n|tr=píach}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|sōt|nt}}
* {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|soot}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|soot}}, {{W+|en|smut}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|súiche|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|fuliggine}}, {{W+|it|caligine|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|煤|tr=すす, susu}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|estalzí}}, {{W+|ca|sutge|n}}, {{W+|ca|sutja|m}}
* {{Z|koi}}: {{W-|koi|са}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|숯}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|kvāps|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|fūlīgō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|sodrēji|n-p}}, {{W-|lv|kvēpi|n-p}}
* {{Z|lzz}}: {{W-|lzz|წოლა}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|súodžiai|n-p}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|саѓа|m}}, {{W-|mk|саѓи|p}}, {{W-|mk|гареж|n}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|jelaga}}, {{W-|ms|sulang}}, {{W-|ms|sulang asap}}, {{W-|ms|arang pagu}}, {{W-|ms|arang para-para}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|sooie|m}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|ahowhare}}, {{W-|mi|awe}}, {{W-|mi|kūkāwhare}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|korom}}
* {{Z|mel}}: {{W-|mel|punyuong}}, {{W-|mel|arouk}}
* {{Z|neg}}: {{W-|neg|нуксэ}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|sot|n|m|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|sot|m|nt}}
* {{Z|ryu}}: {{W-|ryu|煤|tr=しーし, shīshi}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|suèja}}
* {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|ایس|tr=is}}, {{W-|ota|قوروم|tr=kurum}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|Room|nt}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|sadza|m}}, {{W+|pl|kopeć|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fuligem|m}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|funingine}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|са́жа|m}}, {{W+|ru|ко́поть|m}}
* Samî:
*: {{Z|sjd}}: {{W-|sjd|коажь}}
* {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|giehpa}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|čađ}}, {{W-|sh|ча̑ђ|m}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|sadza|m}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|čađ|m-p|cuda=saje}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|caze|p}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|hollín|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|masizi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sot|nt}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|misizi|c4}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|uling-aso}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เขม่า}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|is}}
* {{Z|udi}}: {{W-|udi|моъгъ}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|су}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|са́жа|m}}, {{W-|uk|кі́поть|m}}, {{W+|uk|кі́птява|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|całùzxene|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lọ}}, {{W+|vi|nghẹ}}, {{W+|vi|muội}}, {{W+|vi|nhọ}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|sut}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|huddygl|n}}, {{W-|cy|parddu|n}}, {{W+|cy|swta|n}}
* {{Z|yoi}}: {{W-|yoi|煤|tr=ちち, chichi}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αιθάλη|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἄσβολος|n}}, {{W-|grc|αἴθαλος|m}}, {{W-|grc|ψόλος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|soot|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75850472}}</text>
      <sha1>q1ql0tjte4d8gxxnnfnfgakg6q2awho</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kulorik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53892</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291348</id>
      <parentid>6283873</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291348</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="242" sha1="tfs1tubbmtxmou7agrkjd63iym2g6kv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# Tiştê ku [[navik]] [[qul]] û [[gulover]].
#: {{nm|ku|Kulorikên dimsê, nanê kulorkî.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>tfs1tubbmtxmou7agrkjd63iym2g6kv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>potik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53979</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291349</id>
      <parentid>6286098</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291349</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="857" sha1="2tawfw91pjs3q2izv5yymnmnzr10pq9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|po|tik}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|potik|nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Perçê [[cil]]an.
#: {{nm|ku|Qulika dîwar bi '''potik''' xitimand.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Potik''' bi sola xwe ve xist.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Metereya avê bi '''potikekê''' hatibû kiraskirin û gava ku Remezan bala xwe baş dabûyê, tê gihiştibû ku ew potik qazaxekî zivistanî ye û wer xuya bû ku qazaxê Husênê kurê xaltîka wî bû.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=33}}}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|potik kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|potikkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|پاره پوره}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|rag}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|peçete}}, {{W+|tr|peşkir}}, {{W+|tr|paçavra}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2tawfw91pjs3q2izv5yymnmnzr10pq9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>doş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54053</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291350</id>
      <parentid>6280469</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291350</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="623" sha1="qxucd3pbbjq7o68mt3j9mlfl1jctim5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|doş|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hej]], [[lebit]]îna her du aliyan
#: {{nm|ku|Dergûşa pitikê '''doş''' bike bila razê, hêlekanê doş bike.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|doş bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|doş kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|doşbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|doşkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|doşbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|doşkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|doşkirin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

{{kontrolWergerr}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|milking}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|devir|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qxucd3pbbjq7o68mt3j9mlfl1jctim5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kewî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54074</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291351</id>
      <parentid>6283535</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291351</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1009" sha1="684receq30gduxg12gzhodl391e7npe" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kewî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xapenk]], [[xapeng]], [[pelpelîk]], [[pêpelûk]], [[pêpelan]], [[pêpik]], [[pêpask]], &lt;br&gt;[[pêlik]]a [[hindir]] ku [[berê]] pê dadiketin [[axur]]
#: {{nm|ku|Xiş xişek ji axur dihê, ka ez ê ji '''kewî'''yê dakevim û derî asê bikim.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ji [[pêlik]]a ([[merdewan]], [[derece]], [[cercik]]) [[qelpax]][[text]] re, ku pê ji qatê jor ji hundir dadikevin qata jêr, li derdora [[Stewr]]ê &quot;kewî&quot;, li derdora [[Bismil]]ê &quot;[[xapeng]]&quot; dihê gotin.|Dûrzan Cîrano di koma &quot;Zimanê Kurdî&quot; de li ser [[Rûname]]yê, 6/2012}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kewî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kewîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kewîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Bügeleisen}} {{nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|نق|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بته خار}}, {{W|fa|تیغ}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>684receq30gduxg12gzhodl391e7npe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>filq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54083</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291352</id>
      <parentid>6281097</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291352</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="560" sha1="hjmc18auna5d7ejg74hrqm6mgvlxzms" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Ji parçeyan yek
#: {{nm|ku|Şebeş bike çar '''filq'''an û wan  '''filqan ''' jî her yekê bike çar tûfilan.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|filq bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|filq kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|filqbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|filqkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|filqbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|filqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بی عقل}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|şapşal}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>hjmc18auna5d7ejg74hrqm6mgvlxzms</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bahorî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54120</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291353</id>
      <parentid>6277739</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291353</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="754" sha1="cotz441ayt7s69e603riwcz5hyeoqll" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bahorî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Kesê/a ku bi [[bahor]]ê ketiye.
#: {{hevmane|ku|zekemî}}
#: {{nm|ku|Neyê nêzî min ez '''bahorî''' me.}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bahorî bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|bahorî kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|bahorîbûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|bahorîkirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|bahorîbûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|bahorîkirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: der Schnupfen hat, {{W+|de|jemand}}, {{W+|de|Schnupfen|m}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سردی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|roup}}, {{W+|en|colo}}
* {{Z|tr}}: grip hastalığına yakalanan, {{W+|tr|nezleli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>cotz441ayt7s69e603riwcz5hyeoqll</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qevz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54142</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291354</id>
      <parentid>6286377</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291354</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="822" sha1="d0i1uig21m6x9t6gua02fnd7k1kce2u" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/qɛvz/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Di [[leystin]]a [[xar]]an de xara xwe bi hewa re li serê xara din xistin.
#: {{nm|ku|Bi '''qevz'''ekê xara min kuşt.}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[çeng|Çeng]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|bixwêr}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qevz dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qevzdan&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|Fassen}}, {{W+|de|Henkel|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|leap}}, {{W+|en|skip}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|atlama}}, {{W+|tr|fule}}, {{W+|tr|kabza}}, {{W+|tr|sıçrama}}, {{W+|tr|sıçrayış}}, {{W+|tr|deste}}, {{W-|tr|uzun adım}}, {{W+|tr|adım}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|kevz}}</text>
      <sha1>d0i1uig21m6x9t6gua02fnd7k1kce2u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gihaştî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54182</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291355</id>
      <parentid>6281610</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291355</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="730" sha1="bx9jxe8u7f0lo3bsqwn2cq8f31rzxn3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# tiştên [[stewiyayî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Sêvên dahlê wa giş '''gihaştî''' ne.}}
# [[werger]]
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|gihaştî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gihaştî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|gihaştîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gihaştîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|gihaştîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|gihaştîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|reif}}, {{W-|de|ausgereift}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|ripe}}, {{W+|en|mature}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gelişkin}}, {{W+|tr|olgun}}, {{W+|tr|yetişkin}}, {{W+|tr|yetişmiş}}, {{W+|tr|yetkin}}, {{W+|tr|kamil}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bx9jxe8u7f0lo3bsqwn2cq8f31rzxn3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ceft</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54192</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291356</id>
      <parentid>6279019</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291356</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="425" sha1="d641bb0prnhqehhglmzac79uexq5ffx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/d͡ʒɛft/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|ceft|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[berû]]yên biçûk.
#: {{nm|ku|Meşk di ava '''ceft'''ê de reş bû ye.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ceft kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ceftkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ceftkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>d641bb0prnhqehhglmzac79uexq5ffx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kapek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54240</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291357</id>
      <parentid>6283205</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291357</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1201" sha1="eznenyns018aa19e4dxk4m44knkesxi" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|kapek|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[qelp|Qelp]] û [[tîvil|tûvil]]ê [[genim]]î yê ku [[piştî]] [[bêtin]]ê bi ser [[moxel]]ê [[ketin|dikeve]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|sivî}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[pirtik|Pirtik]]ên [[sipî]] ku di [[çerm]]ê bipirç de çêdibe.
#: {{hevmane|ku|kevîşk|mirdik|kelk}}
#: {{nm|ku|Porên xeratan tim '''bikapek''' e.}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}
# [[ka|Ka]]ya [[dar]]ên [[hûrkirî]].
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|kapik
|kepik
|kepek
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bikapek
|bêkapek
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|qaşikên genim}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Kleie|f}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سبوس}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bran}}, {{W+|en|chaff}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kepek}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|pirtikên sipî yên porê}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|Kopfschuppen|p}}, {{W+|de|Schuppen|p}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|dandruff}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kepek}}
{{werger-bin}}

{{werger-ser|kaya darên hûrkirî}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|sawdust}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|talaş}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>eznenyns018aa19e4dxk4m44knkesxi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qaşik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54241</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291358</id>
      <parentid>6286196</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291358</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="699" sha1="nwre93ia09a06v80pvgfypudxcxbsbi" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}, {{k-ya nerm}}
# [[qalik|Qalik]]ê [[tenik]] wek yên [[sêv]], [[genim]], [[dendik]] û hwd.
#: {{nm|ku|Sêvan tev '''qaşikan''' bixwin.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qaşik girtin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qaşikgirtin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[qaşilk]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Bast|m|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|bast}}, {{W+|en|cortex}}, {{W+|en|phloem|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kabuk}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|zza}}
# [[qaşil]]
#* {{bênimûne|zza}}</text>
      <sha1>nwre93ia09a06v80pvgfypudxcxbsbi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêpergal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54260</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291359</id>
      <parentid>6278449</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291359</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="880" sha1="9pikjjdgb86x6797pd3hy7s5eyaq6b6" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kes]] yan jî [[tişt]]ê/a bê [[sîstem]], [[belawela]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mirovekî baş e lê  hinekî '''bêpergal''' e.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêpergal kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêpergalkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêpergalkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|discordant}}, {{W+|en|disordered}}, {{W+|en|unaccommodated}}, {{W-|en|uncaredfor}}, {{W+|en|rugged}}, {{W+|en|unsystematic}}, {{W+|en|desultory|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ahenksiz}}, {{W+|tr|aritmik}}, {{W+|tr|bozuk düzen}}, {{W+|tr|dağınık}}, {{W+|tr|dizgesiz}}, {{W+|tr|düzensiz}}, {{W+|tr|gayri muntazam}}, {{W+|tr|muhtel}}, {{W+|tr|nizamsız}}, {{W+|tr|rabıtasız}}, {{W+|tr|savruk}}, {{W+|tr|müzebzep|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9pikjjdgb86x6797pd3hy7s5eyaq6b6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qelaç</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54265</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291360</id>
      <parentid>6245032</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291360</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="786" sha1="sxua2nn97ugy5hc4g3tmppzfzrx5x1x" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[gir|Gir]]ên nabin zevî û şînahî lê şîn nayê, li [[deşt]]an ciyên [[bilind]].
#: {{nm|ku|Zarok li serê '''qelaç''' li doberanan  digerin.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=çiya, newal û '''qelaç''' e  ne melek im xwediyê tac im|[[w:strana Ciwan Haco|Ciwan Haco]]: ''Birîndar kirim xerîbiyê''}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qelaç bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qelaçbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[qeraç]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|reefy}}, {{W+|en|rocky}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kıraç}}, {{W+|tr|kayalık}}, {{W+|tr|yamaç}}, {{W+|tr|etek}}, {{W-|tr|ot bitmeyen yamaç}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>sxua2nn97ugy5hc4g3tmppzfzrx5x1x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dilfireh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54315</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291361</id>
      <parentid>6280261</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291361</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1126" sha1="8zhk9h9x9yu7hiadmhpxi9v1d0b75ei" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|dilfireh}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kes]]ê/a ku [[zû]] [[acis]] [[nabe]].
#: {{nm|ku|Kesekî pirr '''dilfireh''' e.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dilfireh bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilfireh kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilfirehbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dilfirehkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dilfirehbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|dilfirehkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|dilfireh bûn
|dilfirehî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|friedliebend}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دل گشا}}, {{W+|fa|صبور}}, {{W+|fa|نفس فراخ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|uncomplaining}}, {{W+|en|minded}}, {{W+|en|good-hearted}}, {{W|en|latitudinally|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|latitudinarian|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|long-suffering|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|open-minded|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|broad minded|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hoşgörülü}}, {{W+|tr|sabırlı}}, {{W+|tr|rahat}}, {{W+|tr|yüreği geniş}}, {{W+|tr|geniş yürekli}}, {{W+|tr|geniş gönüllü|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|geniş|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8zhk9h9x9yu7hiadmhpxi9v1d0b75ei</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêbav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54347</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291362</id>
      <parentid>6114380</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291362</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1326" sha1="gjwpiwekrs7c0nvjhg8ppkc854uwzpp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-bêbav.wav|Deng|Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bêbav|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê ku [[bav]]ê wî [[tune]] ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Van zarokan '''bêbav''' mezinbûn.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêbavî
|bêbav bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêbavbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bê|bav}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Waise|m}}, {{W+|de|vaterlos}}, {{W+|de|Vollwaise|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نامرد}}, {{W-|fa|بی پدر}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|isätön}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|orphan}}, {{W+|en|fatherless}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|babasız}}, {{W+|tr|soysuz}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê ku [[zalim]] e, [[bêrihm]] e.
#: {{hevmane|ku|dilreq}}
#: {{nm|ku|Çi '''bêbav''' e vîya bi daran li kerê dixe.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=...di her gava wî de xwîna ku '''bêbavî''' hatiye rêjtin heye!|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=59}}}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|bêbavî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|acımasız}}, {{W+|tr|zalim}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza|z=?}}
# [[sey]], [[hind]]
#* {{bêmînak|zza}}</text>
      <sha1>gjwpiwekrs7c0nvjhg8ppkc854uwzpp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêderman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54349</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291363</id>
      <parentid>6137899</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291363</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1222" sha1="ngovuz3z7x75j7yi9c6cesu3wncawqt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|bêderman}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kes|Kes]] yan jî [[tişt]]a/ê ku [[derman]]ê wê/î [[tune]] ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Derdê '''bêderman'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ko bi kêra te seher qurban im&lt;br /&gt;Xweşbirîndarekê '''bêderman''' im&lt;br /&gt;Carekê şefqe ke rûhim canim}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بێده‌رمان}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêderman bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêderman kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêdermanbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêdermankirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêdermanbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêdermankirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêdermanî
}}

{{kontrolWerger}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bê-|derman}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|matt}}, {{W+|de|unheilbare}}, {{W+|de|untröstlich|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|العضال|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|ناجس|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|لاعلاج}}, {{W-|fa|بی درمان}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|remediless}}, {{W+|en|incurable}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dermansız}}, {{W+|tr|eczasız}}, {{W+|tr|ilâçsız}}, {{W+|tr|boyasız}}, {{W+|tr|devasız|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ngovuz3z7x75j7yi9c6cesu3wncawqt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>beza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54385</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291364</id>
      <parentid>6240422</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291364</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1288" sha1="2qpkhwk609jo5mksdpgt0ercp8dtbbr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|beza}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# kesên yan [[heywan]]ên yan jî tiştên ku [[karîn|dikarin]] bi [[lez]] [[bezîn|bibezin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew ji min bezatir e.|Ew ji min bileztir dibeze. Ew ji min zûtir dibeze.|rêz=1}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bez|-a&lt;id:zanîn&gt;}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|سريع}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سریع}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|swift}}, {{W+|en|speedy}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hızlı}}, {{W+|tr|süratli}}, {{W+|tr|çabuk}}, {{W+|tr|seri}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|beza|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[form]]ek ji &quot;[[bez]]&quot;ê
#:''Beza 100-metreyî''

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bez|-a}}.

==== Jê ====
* [[bezat]]
* [[bezahî]]
* [[bezatî]]
* [[bezayî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}} : {{W+|de|Läufer|n}}
* {{Z|fa}} : {{W+|fa|تیزپا}}, {{W+|fa|تیزرو}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|race}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|dekatlon}}, {{W+|tr|koşucu}}, {{W-|tr|tazı gibi}}, {{W+|tr|yüğrük|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ms}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ms}}
# {{g|ku|cuda}}, ne {{g|ku|heman}}, ne {{g|ku|eynî}}
#* {{bêmînak|ms}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ms|cuda}}</text>
      <sha1>2qpkhwk609jo5mksdpgt0ercp8dtbbr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêhndar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54459</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291365</id>
      <parentid>6278401</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291365</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="678" sha1="iwgpxz1ssoaui78i0yipb00zt9afw4n" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|bêhndar}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[tişt]]ê/a ku [[bêhn]]ê dide
#: {{nm|ku|Gola Nemrûdê gelek '''bêhndar''' e.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêhndar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêhndarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêhndarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بودار}}, {{W-|fa|دارای بو}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|perfumed}}, {{W+|en|odorant|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|odored|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|olfactive|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|odourous|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kokulu}}, {{W+|tr|muattar}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>iwgpxz1ssoaui78i0yipb00zt9afw4n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pelixî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54531</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291366</id>
      <parentid>6285590</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291366</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="710" sha1="tc563i0u2b0e6sqgjxm41dqpwr0ihbn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[tişt|Tişt]] yan jî [[kes]]ê/a ku di [[bin]] [[tişt]]ekî [[gran]] de [[pahn]] bû ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Solên '''pelixî'''}}
#: {{nm|ku|Petêxên '''pelixî'''}}
#* {{bênimûne|ku}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pelixî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pelixî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pelixîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pelixîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pelixîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|pelixîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|zerquetscht}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|frittered}}, {{W+|en|broken up|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ezik}}, {{W+|tr|ezgin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>tc563i0u2b0e6sqgjxm41dqpwr0ihbn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bitir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54604</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291367</id>
      <parentid>6236396</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291367</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="860" sha1="pb6u0dzd4j8kiwf7m4jguolvkmib2hf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê ku ji [[hebûn]]a [[zêde]] ([[halxweşî]]yê) jiserxweçû ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Heta do pars dikir, îro zengîn bûye '''bitir''' bûye.}}
# Mirovê [[xodbîn]] û [[qure]], bi taybetî ko ne li hember vê xodîtinê ye.
#: {{nm|ku|Lawikê me '''bitir''' e jî.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bitir bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bitir kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bitirbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bitirkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bitirbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bitirkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bitrî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|unbridled}}, {{W+|en|arrogant}}, {{W+|en|fopling}}, {{W+|en|haughty|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|şımarık}}, {{W+|tr|beter}}, {{W+|tr|azman|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pb6u0dzd4j8kiwf7m4jguolvkmib2hf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Katze</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54889</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291368</id>
      <parentid>6102503</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291368</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1063" sha1="8pdw8lhai48i8sum8wjfgr59lgc9eym" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|de}} ==
{{picdic
|image=Pudel miniatura 342.jpg
|detail1=
{{picdicimg|de|image=Cat in Kautokeino.jpg|link=Katze}}
{{picdicimg|de|image=Pudel miniatura 342.jpg|link=Hund}}
{{picdicimg|de|image=Roborofskiohamster.jpg|link=Hamster}}
{{picdicimg|de|image=Opaline Parkiet-wiki.JPG|link=Sittich}}
}}

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|de|/ˈkaʦə/}} {{pj.}} {{IPA|ku|/ˈkaʦn̩/|/ˈkaʦən/}}
* {{deng|de|De-Katze.ogg|Deng}}
* {{deng|de|De-Katze2.ogg|Deng}}
* {{deng|de|De-at-Katze.ogg|Deng (awistiryayî)}}
* {{deng|de|LL-Q188 (deu)-Sebastian Wallroth-Katze.wav|Deng|dever=Berlîn, Almanya}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{Navdêr elmanî
| Nomînatîv yekjimar = die Katze
| Nomînatîv pirjimar = die Katzen
| Akuzatîv yekjimar  = die Katze
| Akuzatîv pirjimar  = die Katzen
| Genetîv yekjimar   = der Katze
| Genetîv pirjimar   = der Katzen
| Datîv yekjimar     = die Katze
| Datîv pirjimar     = die Katzen
}}
{{navdêr|de|z=m}}
# [[pisîk]]
#: {{nm|de|Ich habe eine '''Katze.'''|Pisîkeka min heye.|rêz=1}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|de
|Katzenfutter
|Katzenjammer
}}</text>
      <sha1>8pdw8lhai48i8sum8wjfgr59lgc9eym</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bin-av</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>56129</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291369</id>
      <parentid>6249928</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291369</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="716" sha1="c6qs0g9er0bz4yrqerkg23ztqh8b0hd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|bin-av}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tişta/ê di [[bin]] [[av]]ê de.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bin-av''' bûn.|[[noqîn]]|rêz=1}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''bin-av''' kirin.|[[noqandin]]|rêz=1}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|binav}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|serav}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bi-navî
|bi-navîtî
|bin-av bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bin-av kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bin-avbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bin-avkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bin-avbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bin-avkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bin-|av}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|vedenalainen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|underwater}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>c6qs0g9er0bz4yrqerkg23ztqh8b0hd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>peyt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>56588</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291370</id>
      <parentid>6285743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291370</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1291" sha1="ffn0t0890lms7zs08ugiefo30d1c3il" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[xurt|Xurt]], [[qayîm]], [[zexm]], [[qewî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Eve zelamekê '''peyt''' e.}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|pihêt
|pêt
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|peyt bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|peyt kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|peytbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|peytkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|peytbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|peytkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|eng}}, {{W+|de|dicht}}, {{W+|de|standhaft}}, {{W-|de|unnachsichtig}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|فتيل}}, {{W-|ar|لهيب}}, {{W-|ar|قوي}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|آذر}}, {{W+|fa|حریق}}, {{W+|fa|محکم}}, {{W-|fa|محکم وفشرده}}, {{W+|fa|زردرنگ}}, {{W+|fa|قایم}}, {{W+|fa|الو}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|tightened}}, {{W+|en|determined}}, {{W-|en|a real Trojan}}, {{W+|en|cord}}, {{W+|en|solid|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tabloid|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dayanıklı}}, {{W+|tr|alev}}, {{W+|tr|şule}}, {{W+|tr|şut}}, {{W+|tr|katı|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|sağlam|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|berk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|hüccet|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|ispat|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|saptanım|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tanıt|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|tespit|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ffn0t0890lms7zs08ugiefo30d1c3il</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Şablon:ku-conj-table</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>57675</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291557</id>
      <parentid>5883877</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T11:19:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ghybu</username>
        <id>1393</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>- kat.</comment>
      <origin>6291557</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6464" sha1="67br0z1ltvmflid2zxiwa9exjvj2yyd" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div class=&quot;NavFrame&quot; title=&quot;collapsed&quot; style=&quot;clear:both;margin-top:1em&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;NavHead&quot; title=&quot;{{{1}}}&quot; align=left&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;{{{1}}}&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;NavContent&quot; title=&quot;{{{1}}}&quot; align=center&gt;
{| style=&quot;background:#white;width:100%;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:2px&quot; class=&quot;inflection-table&quot;
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#e2e4c0&quot; | [[rader]]
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; | {{{2}}}
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0&quot; | [[kes]]
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0&quot; | [[yekjimar]]
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0&quot; | [[pirrjimar]]
|-
! style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0;width:12.5%&quot; | yekem
! style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0;width:12.5%&quot; | duyem
! style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0;width:12.5%&quot; | sêyem
! style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0;width:12.5%&quot; | yekem
! style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0;width:12.5%&quot; | duyem
! style=&quot;background:#C0C0C0;width:12.5%&quot; | sêyem
|-
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[diyarker]]
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | ez
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | tu
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | ew
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | em
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | hûn
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | ew
|-
! rowspan=&quot;10&quot; style=&quot;background:#bdbdbd&quot; | ERÊNÎ
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | niha
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{8}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{9}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{10}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{11}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{12}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{13}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | borî
| {{{14}}}
| {{{15}}}
| {{{16}}}
| {{{17}}}
| {{{18}}}
| {{{19}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | dûdar
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{20}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{21}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{22}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{23}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{24}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{25}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | ayinde
| {{{26}}}
| {{{27}}}
| {{{28}}}
| {{{29}}}
| {{{30}}}
| {{{31}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | merciya niha
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{32}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{33}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{34}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{35}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{36}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{37}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | nihaya berdewam &lt;sup&gt;[[devokî]]&lt;/sup&gt;
| {{{38}}}
| {{{39}}}
| {{{40}}}
| {{{41}}}
| {{{42}}}
| {{{43}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | boriya berdewam
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{44}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{45}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{46}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{47}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{48}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{49}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | boriya ayindeyî
| {{{50}}}
| {{{51}}}
| {{{52}}}
| {{{53}}}
| {{{54}}}
| {{{55}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | merciya borî 1
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{56}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{57}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{58}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{59}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{60}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{61}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | merciya borî 2
| {{{62}}}
| {{{63}}}
| {{{64}}}
| {{{65}}}
| {{{66}}}
| {{{67}}}
|-
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[diyarker]]
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | ez
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | tu
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | ew
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | em
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | hûn
! style=&quot;background:#c0cfe5&quot; | ew
|-
! rowspan=&quot;10&quot; style=&quot;background:#bdbdbd&quot; | NEYÎNÎ
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | niha
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{68}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{69}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{70}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{71}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{72}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{73}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | borî
| {{{74}}}
| {{{75}}}
| {{{76}}}
| {{{77}}}
| {{{78}}}
| {{{79}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | dûdar
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{78}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{81}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{82}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{83}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{84}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{85}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | ayinde
| {{{86}}}
| {{{87}}}
| {{{88}}}
| {{{89}}}
| {{{90}}}
| {{{91}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | merciya niha
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{92}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{93}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{94}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{95}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{96}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{97}}}
|-

! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | nihaya berdewam
| {{{98}}}
| {{{99}}}
| {{{10}}}
| {{{101}}}
| {{{102}}}
| {{{103}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | boriya berdewam
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{104}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{105}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{106}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{107}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{108}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{109}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | boriya ayindeyî
| {{{110}}}
| {{{111}}}
| {{{112}}}
| {{{113}}}
| {{{114}}}
| {{{115}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | merciya borî 1
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{116}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{117}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{118}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{119}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{120}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{121}}}
|-
! style=&quot;height:3em;background:#c0cfe4&quot; | merciya borî 2
| {{{122}}}
| {{{123}}}
| {{{124}}}
| {{{125}}}
| {{{126}}}
| {{{127}}}
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;background:#e4d4c0&quot; | fermanî
! style=&quot;background:#e4d4c0&quot; | –
! style=&quot;background:#e4d4c0&quot; | tu
! style=&quot;background:#e4d4c0&quot; | –
! style=&quot;background:#e4d4c0&quot; | em
! style=&quot;background:#e4d4c0&quot; | hûn
! style=&quot;background:#e4d4c0&quot; | –
|-
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | —
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{128}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | —
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{129}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | {{{130}}}
| style=&quot;background:#f7f7f7&quot; | —
|-
|-
| —
| {{{131}}}
| —
| {{{132}}}
| {{{133}}}
| —
|-
|}
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Belgekirin|content=

== Binêre jî ==
{{ku-tew-lîst}}
}}

[[Kategorî:Şablon:ku-conj]]
&lt;noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>67br0z1ltvmflid2zxiwa9exjvj2yyd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Şablon:ku-conj-în</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>57678</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291558</id>
      <parentid>659562</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T11:22:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ghybu</username>
        <id>1393</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>- kat.</comment>
      <origin>6291558</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3547" sha1="eaaeqqwiowvt794q7c5zxtzru3mp94l" xml:space="preserve">{{ku-conj|inf={{{1}}}în
|aux={{{2}}}

|ind.p.1s=di{{{1}}}im
|ind.p.2s=di{{{1}}}î
|ind.p.3s=di{{{1}}}e
|ind.p.1p=di{{{1}}}in
|ind.p.2p=di{{{1}}}in
|ind.p.3p=di{{{1}}}in

|ind.i.1s={{{1}}}îm
|ind.i.2s={{{1}}}î
|ind.i.3s={{{1}}}î
|ind.i.1p={{{1}}}în
|ind.i.2p={{{1}}}în
|ind.i.3p={{{1}}}în

|ind.ps.1s={{{1}}}îme
|ind.ps.2s={{{1}}}iyî
|ind.ps.3s={{{1}}}iye
|ind.ps.1p={{{1}}}îne
|ind.ps.2p={{{1}}}îne
|ind.ps.3p={{{1}}}îne

|ind.f.1s=dê bi{{{1}}}im
|ind.f.2s=dê bi{{{1}}}î
|ind.f.3s=dê bi{{{1}}}e
|ind.f.1p=dê bi{{{1}}}in
|ind.f.2p=dê bi{{{1}}}in
|ind.f.3p=dê bi{{{1}}}in

|cond.p.1s=bi{{{1}}}im
|cond.p.2s=bi{{{1}}}î
|cond.p.3s=bi{{{1}}}e
|cond.p.1p=bi{{{1}}}in
|cond.p.2p=bi{{{1}}}in
|cond.p.3p=bi{{{1}}}in

|cont.p.1s=a/ê di{{{1}}}im   
|cont.p.2s=a/ê di{{{1}}}î   
|cont.p.3s=a/ê di{{{1}}}e   
|cont.p.1p=ên di{{{1}}}in   
|cont.p.2p=ên di{{{1}}}in   
|cont.p.3p=ên di{{{1}}}in 

|cont.pa.1s=di{{{1}}}îm
|cont.pa.2s=di{{{1}}}iyî
|cont.pa.3s=di{{{1}}}î
|cont.pa.1p=di{{{1}}}în
|cont.pa.2p=di{{{1}}}în
|cont.pa.3p=di{{{1}}}în

|ind.pa.f.1s={{{1}}}îbim
|ind.pa.f.2s={{{1}}}îbî
|ind.pa.f.3s={{{1}}}îbe
|ind.pa.f.1p={{{1}}}îbin
|ind.pa.f.2p={{{1}}}îbin
|ind.pa.f.3p={{{1}}}îbin

|cond.i.1s=bi{{{1}}}îma
|cond.i.2s=bi{{{1}}}iyayî
|cond.i.3s=bi{{{1}}}iya
|cond.i.1p=bi{{{1}}}îna
|cond.i.2p=bi{{{1}}}îna
|cond.i.3p=bi{{{1}}}îna

|cond.pa.1s={{{1}}}îbûma
|cond.pa.2s={{{1}}}îbûyayî
|cond.pa.3s={{{1}}}îbûya
|cond.pa.1p={{{1}}}îbûna
|cond.pa.2p={{{1}}}îbûna
|cond.pa.3p={{{1}}}îbûna

|neg.ind.p.1s=na{{{1}}}im
|neg.ind.p.2s=na{{{1}}}î
|neg.ind.p.3s=na{{{1}}}e
|neg.ind.p.1p=na{{{1}}}in
|neg.ind.p.2p=na{{{1}}}in
|neg.ind.p.3p=na{{{1}}}in

|neg.ind.i.1s=ne{{{1}}}îm
|neg.ind.i.2s=ne{{{1}}}î
|neg.ind.i.3s=ne{{{1}}}î
|neg.ind.i.1p=ne{{{1}}}în
|neg.ind.i.2p=ne{{{1}}}în
|neg.ind.i.3p=ne{{{1}}}în

|neg.ind.ps.1s=ne{{{1}}}îme
|neg.ind.ps.2s=ne{{{1}}}iyî
|neg.ind.ps.3s=ne{{{1}}}iye
|neg.ind.ps.1p=ne{{{1}}}îne
|neg.ind.ps.2p=ne{{{1}}}îne
|neg.ind.ps.3p=ne{{{1}}}îne

|neg.ind.f.1s=dê ne{{{1}}}im
|neg.ind.f.2s=dê ne{{{1}}}î
|neg.ind.f.3s=dê ne{{{1}}}e
|neg.ind.f.1p=dê ne{{{1}}}in
|neg.ind.f.2p=dê ne{{{1}}}in
|neg.ind.f.3p=dê ne{{{1}}}in

|neg.cond.p.1s=ne{{{1}}}im
|neg.cond.p.2s=ne{{{1}}}î
|neg.cond.p.3s=ne{{{1}}}e
|neg.cond.p.1p=ne{{{1}}}in
|neg.cond.p.2p=ne{{{1}}}in
|neg.cond.p.3p=ne{{{1}}}in

|neg.cont.p.1s=na{{{1}}}im
|neg.cont.p.2s=na{{{1}}}î
|neg.cont.p.3s=na{{{1}}}e
|neg.cont.p.1p=na{{{1}}}in
|neg.cont.p.2p=na{{{1}}}in
|neg.cont.p.3p=na{{{1}}}in

|neg.cont.pa.1s=nedi{{{1}}}îm
|neg.cont.pa.2s=nedi{{{1}}}iyî
|neg.cont.pa.3s=nedi{{{1}}}î
|neg.cont.pa.1p=nedi{{{1}}}în
|neg.cont.pa.2p=nedi{{{1}}}în
|neg.cont.pa.3p=nedi{{{1}}}în

|neg.ind.pa.f.1s=ne{{{1}}}îbim
|neg.ind.pa.f.2s=ne{{{1}}}îbî
|neg.ind.pa.f.3s=ne{{{1}}}îbe
|neg.ind.pa.f.1p=ne{{{1}}}îbin
|neg.ind.pa.f.2p=ne{{{1}}}îbin
|neg.ind.pa.f.3p=ne{{{1}}}îbin

|neg.cond.i.1s=ne{{{1}}}îma
|neg.cond.i.2s=ne{{{1}}}iyayî
|neg.cond.i.3s=ne{{{1}}}iya
|neg.cond.i.1p=ne{{{1}}}îna
|neg.cond.i.2p=ne{{{1}}}îna
|neg.cond.i.3p=ne{{{1}}}îna

|neg.cond.pa.1s=ne{{{1}}}îbûma
|neg.cond.pa.2s=ne{{{1}}}îbûyayî
|neg.cond.pa.3s=ne{{{1}}}îbûya
|neg.cond.pa.1p=ne{{{1}}}îbûna
|neg.cond.pa.2p=ne{{{1}}}îbûna
|neg.cond.pa.3p=ne{{{1}}}îbûna

|imp.p.2s=bi{{{1}}}e
|imp.p.1p=bi{{{1}}}in
|imp.p.2p=bi{{{1}}}in

|neg.imp.p.2s=ne{{{1}}}e
|neg.imp.p.1p=ne{{{1}}}in
|neg.imp.p.2p=ne{{{1}}}in

}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Belgekirin|content=

== Binêre jî ==
{{ku-tew-lîst}}
}}

[[Kategorî:Şablon:ku-conj]]
&lt;noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>eaaeqqwiowvt794q7c5zxtzru3mp94l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hecilandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>63216</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291371</id>
      <parentid>6282187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291371</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1717" sha1="0z5en862z6r8gj566w0n34xi7nvzuok" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=}}
# [[kesibîn]], [[kesibandin]], [[hecelkirin]], [[qazanc kirin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Min ew tirimpêl bi 5 000 euroyan kirrî û bi 6 000an firot anku min 1 000 euro '''heciland'''.}}
# [[bi ser ketin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Taxima wan ya futbolê 3 bi 2 dijî ya me '''heciland'''.}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Têkildar
|bêhecel
|bêhecelî
|bêhecelîtî
|bêheceltî
|bihecel
|bihecelî
|bihecelîtî
|biheceltî
|hedeldar
|heceldarî
|heceldarîtî
|heceldartî
|hecelder
|hecelderî
|hecelderîtî
|heceldertî
|heceldêr
|heceldêrî
|heceldêrîtî
|heceldêrtî
|hecelî
|hecelker
|hecelkerî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hecilandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[qazanc]], [[kesibîn]], [[kesibandin]], [[hecelkirin]], [[fêde]], [[mifa]], [[kelk]], [[sûde]], [[avantaj]], [[kêr]], [[kar]], [[biserketin]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gewinn}}, {{W+|de|überschuß}}, {{W+|de|verdienst}}, {{W+|de|vorteil}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|gajno}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|voitto}}, {{W+|fi|etu}}, {{W+|fi|saavutus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|bénéfice}}, {{W+|fr|gain}}, {{W+|fr|profit}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|baat}}, {{W+|nl|gewin}}, {{W+|nl|verdienste}}, {{W+|nl|winst}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|gain}}, {{W+|en|benefit}}, {{W+|en|profit}}, {{W+|en|win}}, {{W+|en|advantage}}, [[earning]]s, {{W+|en|revenue}}, {{W+|en|victory}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|ganashi}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|provecho}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|seger}}, {{W+|sv|vinst}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kazanç}}, {{W+|tr|yarar}}, {{W+|tr|çıkar}}, {{W+|tr|kâr}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0z5en862z6r8gj566w0n34xi7nvzuok</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berdanberdan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>63260</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291372</id>
      <parentid>6245820</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291372</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1986" sha1="qf1kf3i6sp2sd98r01cgeaioqxpvnfp" xml:space="preserve">{{bêçavkanî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|berdanberdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[kaos|Kaos]], [[bêahengî]], [[nearamî]], [[tevlihevî]], [[nîqaş]], [[qerqeşe]].
# [[serbestî|Serbestî]], [[serberdayî]], ne[[bestî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Di siyasetê da, '''berdanberdan''' û bêrêgezî herdem zirarê dide keseyatîya mirovan.}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Hewqas '''berdanberdan''' û tevlîhevî çawa çêdibin? Mirov dikare van bûyeran wek anarşîzm û sikandal jî binav bike.|nivîskar=Siddiq Bozarslan|sernav=Kurdistan ne Tunûs e û ne jî Misir! -2|url=http://netewe.com/node/nivzede.php?id=98|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518050507/http://netewe.com/node/nivzede.php?id=98|malper=netewe.com|dîrok=02.02.2012}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[berdan berdan]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|berdan|berdan}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W-|af|chaos}}, {{W-|af|baaierd}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Chaos|n}}; {{W+|de|Wirrwarr|m}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|rod}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ĥaoso}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|ruðuleiki}}, {{W-|fo|fløkja}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|kaaos}}; {{W+|fi|epäjärjestys}}
* {{Z|fr}}: [[chaos]]
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|disoarder}}, {{W-|fur|tizeboel}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|disoarder}}, {{W-|fy|tizeboel}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|chaos}}; {{W+|nl|wanorde}}, {{W+|nl|baaierd}}, {{W+|nl|rommel}}, {{W+|nl|warboel}}, {{W+|nl|warwinkel}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|chaos}}; {{W+|en|disorder}}, {{W+|en|tangle}}, {{W+|en|havoc}}, {{W+|en|disarray}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|caos}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|chaos}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|kekacauan}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|babel}}, {{W-|pap|bochincha}}, {{W-|pap|desòrden}}, {{W-|pap|kaos}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|caos}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|беспорядок}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|caos}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kaos}}, {{W+|sv|oordning}}, {{W+|sv|trassel}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kaos}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|χάος}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qf1kf3i6sp2sd98r01cgeaioqxpvnfp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dolîw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>63319</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291373</id>
      <parentid>6280450</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291373</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2256" sha1="oix70vskctkdryskl2tqf6hh1awsio9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dolîw|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[birêvebirin]], [[meşandin]], [[kargêrî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Kîjan wezaret van karan '''dolîw''' dike?}}
# [[dezgeh]]a dolîwkirina karekî
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dolîwa''' tendiristiy}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Dolîwa''' karûbarên penaberan.}}
# [[jiyar]], [[abor]], [[medar]], [[qîm]]
#: {{nm|ku|Meaşê wî yê karmendiyê pir kêm e û '''dolîw''' wî pê nabe loma neçar e ku êvaran karek din jî bike.}}

==== Bide ber ====
{{kol3|ku
|daîre
|dolîwgeh
|dolîwxane
|daîre
|doliv
|doliv
|dolivandin
|dolivxane
|dolivgeh
|dolivger
|dolivgerî
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|doliwîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|doliwandin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dolîwbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dolîwkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dolîwkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|birêvebirin|1}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|administrasie}}, {{W+|af|beheer}}, {{W+|af|kontrole}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|administratë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Verwaltung|f}}, {{W|de|Verwaltungsbehörde|f}}, {{W|de|Administration|f}}, {{W+|de|Betriebsführung}}, {{W+|de|Verwalten}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|administracio}}, {{W+|eo|administrejo}}, {{W+|eo|administrado}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|johto}}, {{W+|fi|johtaminen}}, {{W+|fi|hoito}}, {{W+|fi|hoitaminen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|administration}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W+|fur|administraasje}}, {{W+|fur|behear}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|administraasje}}, {{W+|fy|behear}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|administratiekantoor}}, {{W+|nl|bestuur}}, {{W+|nl|administratie}}, {{W+|nl|administratiegebouw}}, {{W+|nl|beheer}}, {{W+|nl|toediening}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|administration}}, {{W+|en|management}}, {{W+|en|governance}}, {{W+|en|running}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|amministrazione}}, {{W+|it|direzione}}, {{W+|it|gestione}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|administrasi}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|adminisztráció}}, {{W+|hu|nyilvántartás}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|atministrashon}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|administração}}, {{W+|pt|local de administração}}, {{W+|pt|sede de adminstração}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|администрация}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|administración}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|idare}}, {{W+|tr|yönetme}}, {{W+|tr|yönetim}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>oix70vskctkdryskl2tqf6hh1awsio9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>simarte</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>63733</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291374</id>
      <parentid>6287427</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:20:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr 1 */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291374</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1434" sha1="99lzc34ak138o22205diqhgpxyjy0tz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xwarin|Xwarin]]a ku hatiye [[herişandin]] / [[zirviçandin]] / [[perçiqandin]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Simarteya''' xoxan, '''simarteya''' petatan.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li nik me &quot;qesp&quot; navê yên lib-lib anku heb-heb in lê xurme navê '''simarteya''' wan e anku dema ku berikên wan jê hatine derxistin û ew li gel hev hatine herrişandin/perçiqandin.|Husein Muhammed di {{kzk}} de, 7/2012}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|simarte kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|simartekirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|simartekirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|grød}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|muusi}}, {{W+|fi|sose}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|mos}}, {{W-|nl|grøt}}
* {{Z|en}}: [[mash]] (mashed food)
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mezcla}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|mos}}, {{W+|sv|gröt}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|posa}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr 2 ===
[[Wêne:Sandpaper.jpg|thumb|zimpare]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[kaxez|Kaxez]]ê [[req]] û [[gir]] yê ku [[dep]]ên [[darîn]] pê tên [[hilû]]kirin yan [[biriqandin]].

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[simartin]],[[simêr]],karûbarê biriqandina rûxarê dar û kevir û metalan û hwd.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|سمباده}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|zımpara}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>99lzc34ak138o22205diqhgpxyjy0tz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>zebra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>63753</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291375</id>
      <parentid>6263539</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291375</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1577" sha1="847zf198g6cpbzd49a62dtllrwf56j2" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|zebra|mê}}
[[Wêne:Equus grevyi (aka).jpg|thumb|250px|zebrayek]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|guhandar}} [[ker]]ên kûvî yên [[xetxetî]] yên [[Afrîka]]yê
#: {{nm|ku|'''Zebra''' [[xetobelek]] e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|زەبرا}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[kerkûvî]]
* [[kerê belek]]
* [[kerên kûvî]]
* [[kerê xetxet]]

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[zêbra]]

==== Navê zanistî====
*''[[Equus grevyi]]''
*''[[Equus zebra]]''

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|pt}}  zimanekî [[afrîkayî]], ihtimal e ku ji [[kongoyî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|sebra}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zebra|n}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|roudenneg}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عتابي}}, {{W-|ar|حمار وحشي}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|zebro}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|seepra}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|zebra}}, {{W-|nl|Kaapse ezel}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|zebro}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|zebra|n}}, {{W-|en|zeira|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|zebra|f}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|zebra}}
* {{Z|rw}}: {{W-|rw|yemera}} (inyemera)
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|zebra}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|zebra}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|зебра}}
* {{Z|ses}}: {{W-|ses|ganjifarka}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cebra|f}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|punda milia}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|sebra}}, {{W+|sv|zebra}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|zebra}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ζέβρα}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-zebra.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|en-uk-zebra.ogg|dever=QY}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# {{f|en|guhandar}} {{g|ku|zebra}}</text>
      <sha1>847zf198g6cpbzd49a62dtllrwf56j2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>anmak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>122720</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291376</id>
      <parentid>6099538</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291376</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="630" sha1="pqxyrfqksiqsunhs32d26qoiaifpsry" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-anmak.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# [[bi bîr anîn]], [[yad kirin]], di bîra xwe anîn, [[jê behs kirin]]
#: {{mk|tr|dün gece seni '''andık'''|do êvarê me tu bi bîr anî|rêz=1}}
# [[bi lêv kirin]], (nav) [[hildan]]
#: {{mk|tr|hastalığın adını '''anmaktan''' korkuyor|di tirse ku navê nexweşînê hilde (an jî bi lêv bike)|rêz=1}}
# [[bi nav kirin]]
#: {{nm|tr|Onu, başka Tahirlerden ayırt etmek için Uzun Tahir diye '''anarlardı'''.|Ji bo ku wî ji Tahirên din cuda bikin ew bi Tahirê dirêj bi nav dikirin.}}</text>
      <sha1>pqxyrfqksiqsunhs32d26qoiaifpsry</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>baharı başına vurmak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>125635</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290807</id>
      <parentid>4638695</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T12:06:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290807</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="177" sha1="lgbcgmovrd15v1oioqqbld1nbc03y53" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|tr}}
# [[wekî|wekî]] [[conega|conegayê]] [[kel|kel]] [[lê bûn]] [[bihar|bihar]], [[hil|hilê]] ([[yek|yekî]]) [[rabûn|rabûn]]</text>
      <sha1>lgbcgmovrd15v1oioqqbld1nbc03y53</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bağlantı</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>126384</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291377</id>
      <parentid>6098089</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291377</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="370" sha1="kenrvwa6a7ydxlc0tkf8vqka6ralqpg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-bağlantı.wav|Deng|dever=}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[pêwendî]]
#: {{nm|tr|İki taraf arasındaki '''bağlantı''' yol çalışmaları nedeniyle kesildi.|Pêwendiya nava her du aliya ji ber xebatên rê qut bû.}}
# [[geh]], [[gihanek]]
# [[pêwendî]], [[girêdanî]], [[îrtibat]]</text>
      <sha1>kenrvwa6a7ydxlc0tkf8vqka6ralqpg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>canına okumak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>129968</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291378</id>
      <parentid>6099643</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291378</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="246" sha1="rhpv3e0q43dwyrjhjx8ms4a1kjkh09f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# [[edem kirin]], [[perişan kirin]]
#: {{nm|tr|Dolu, ekinlerin '''canına okudu'''.|Zîpikê debr edem kir.}}
# [[mehf kirin]]
#: {{mk|tr|Senin '''canına okurum'''.|Ez dê te mehf bikim.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>rhpv3e0q43dwyrjhjx8ms4a1kjkh09f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>didinmek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>132129</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291379</id>
      <parentid>6099703</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291379</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="258" sha1="4aj5cqrrcih62kxdzenav58jwryoj47" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# [[hewl dan]]
# [[keftûleft kirin]], [[xebtûkoş kirin]], [[kêferat kirin]], [[koşîn]]
#: {{nm|tr|Çalışarak, '''didinerek''' bu günlere geldik.Em bi xebitînê, bi keftûleftkirinê hatin van rojan}}</text>
      <sha1>4aj5cqrrcih62kxdzenav58jwryoj47</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>istinsah etmek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>144196</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291380</id>
      <parentid>6249626</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291380</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="267" sha1="907ok29q9jiy8p95nt6v42gnql9bvd3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[File:Quranic Copying culture in northern Nigeria.jpg|thumb|{{zim|tr|Adam, Kur'an'ı istinsah ediyor.}}]]
{{lêker|tr}}
# [[istînsax kirin]]
#: {{nm|tr|Adam, Kur'an'ı '''istinsah ediyor'''.|Mêrik Quranê îstinsax dike.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>907ok29q9jiy8p95nt6v42gnql9bvd3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>odaklanmak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>157070</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291547</id>
      <parentid>6285256</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T04:52:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muzaffercky</username>
        <id>11833</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291547</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="364" sha1="d5bcnygs51pgqxspwbr7xwnmwejudvu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# hatin [[ser]]
# {{f|tr|mecazî}} [[kom bûn]], [[lê civîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Herşey bu noktaya '''odaklanmış'''.|Her tiş li ser vê nuqteyê kom bûye.|rêz=1}}

# [[şidîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Sınava '''odaklanmış'''.|Şidîyaye azmûnê|rêz=1}}


==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{W+|tr|odaklanmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>d5bcnygs51pgqxspwbr7xwnmwejudvu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291548</id>
      <parentid>6291547</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T04:52:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muzaffercky</username>
        <id>11833</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Werger: +îngilîzî : [[focus]] (bi alîkarî)</comment>
      <origin>6291548</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="392" sha1="jfxbv57j60agxtfki7wan44jivzchhz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# hatin [[ser]]
# {{f|tr|mecazî}} [[kom bûn]], [[lê civîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Herşey bu noktaya '''odaklanmış'''.|Her tiş li ser vê nuqteyê kom bûye.|rêz=1}}

# [[şidîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Sınava '''odaklanmış'''.|Şidîyaye azmûnê|rêz=1}}


==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|focus}}
{{W+|tr|odaklanmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>jfxbv57j60agxtfki7wan44jivzchhz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291549</id>
      <parentid>6291548</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T04:52:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muzaffercky</username>
        <id>11833</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Werger: +tirkî : [[odaklanmak]] (bi alîkarî)</comment>
      <origin>6291549</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="425" sha1="4btiovyq1sh0xuvn6nitajhc7j8ct8o" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# hatin [[ser]]
# {{f|tr|mecazî}} [[kom bûn]], [[lê civîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Herşey bu noktaya '''odaklanmış'''.|Her tiş li ser vê nuqteyê kom bûye.|rêz=1}}

# [[şidîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Sınava '''odaklanmış'''.|Şidîyaye azmûnê|rêz=1}}


==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|focus}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|odaklanmak}}
{{W+|tr|odaklanmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4btiovyq1sh0xuvn6nitajhc7j8ct8o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291550</id>
      <parentid>6291549</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T04:53:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muzaffercky</username>
        <id>11833</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291550</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="404" sha1="5zmgpa3hfifpctdgtaopthk9uxejwr9" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# hatin [[ser]]
# {{f|tr|mecazî}} [[kom bûn]], [[lê civîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Herşey bu noktaya '''odaklanmış'''.|Her tiş li ser vê nuqteyê kom bûye.|rêz=1}}

# [[şidîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Sınava '''odaklanmış'''.|Şidîyaye azmûnê|rêz=1}}


==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|focus}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|odaklanmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5zmgpa3hfifpctdgtaopthk9uxejwr9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291552</id>
      <parentid>6291550</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T08:37:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ghybu</username>
        <id>1393</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>6291552</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="293" sha1="kuntsn3ft2dwqbrowrt4ptl4e3z0qc0" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# hatin [[ser]]
# {{f|tr|mecazî}} [[kom bûn]], [[lê civîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Herşey bu noktaya '''odaklanmış'''.|Her tiş li ser vê nuqteyê kom bûye.|rêz=1}}
# [[şidîn]]
#: {{mk|tr|Sınava '''odaklanmış'''.|Şidîyaye azmûnê|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>kuntsn3ft2dwqbrowrt4ptl4e3z0qc0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tonlamak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>168137</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291381</id>
      <parentid>6121068</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291381</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="145" sha1="brzl7keuyslxm2imqu8g3an6pjgwf8z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# [[ton dan|Ton dan]].
#: {{nm|tr|Konuşmasına '''ton vermek'''.|Ton dan axaftina xwe.|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>brzl7keuyslxm2imqu8g3an6pjgwf8z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berbiba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>178322</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291382</id>
      <parentid>6095592</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291382</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="354" sha1="o6rum1nnzbgc280ukkep8er1vxtv9wv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|ku}}
# cihê ku ba jê digire
# cihê ku xewle ye û teşqele jê tên
#: {{nm|ku|Guhera dawiyê, '''berbiba''' ye.}}

=== Bikaranîn ===
{{kol3|ku
|berbiba bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berbiba kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berbibabûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berbibakirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berbibabûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|berbibakirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}</text>
      <sha1>o6rum1nnzbgc280ukkep8er1vxtv9wv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêdê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>178503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291383</id>
      <parentid>6139444</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291383</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="721" sha1="mhgbn7ebn19lle8xhca92f8187ke6w3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku|form=-}}
# Ya/ê [[dê|diya]] xwe [[mirî|miriye]].
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|ku|dêmirî}}
#: {{dijmaneyên peyvê|ku|bêbav}}
#: {{nm|ku|Keça '''bêdê''', weke çiyayê bêrê.}}

==== Jornav ====
* {{g|ku|sêwî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bêdê bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêdê kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bêdêbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêdêkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|bêdêbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|bêdêkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|bê-|dê}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|بی مادر}}, {{W-|fa|مادرمرده}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|motherless}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|öksüz}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>mhgbn7ebn19lle8xhca92f8187ke6w3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dafik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>178712</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291384</id>
      <parentid>6127963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291384</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="758" sha1="2h1gobgmdhqnudzgsox96jp9ekgutki" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[xefik]], [[tele]], [[dav]], [[asteng]], [[tepik]] &lt;br&gt;[[asteng]]a li ber kesekî yan tiştekî hatiye [[danîn]] daku [[ketin|bikeviyê]] û bêt [[girtin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Roviyê zexel, bi her du lingan dikeve '''dafik'''ê.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دافک}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dafik danîn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dafik vedan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dafikdanîn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|daf|-ik}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|فخ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cabal}},{{W+|en|snare}}, {{W+|en|trap}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fak}}, {{W+|tr|kapanca}}, {{W+|tr|kuşmar}}, {{W+|tr|kılcan|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2h1gobgmdhqnudzgsox96jp9ekgutki</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dilteng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>178962</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291385</id>
      <parentid>6096175</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291385</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1389" sha1="fjgwmy1mrj8wydwf899jj97kf7vg0ck" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bêsebr]], [[netebitî]], [[isac]], [[bêzewq]]
#: {{nm|ku|Birayên wê ew gelek '''dilteng''' kir.}}
# [[bêtehemul]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ew xalê min gelek yê '''dilteng''' e.}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Mexmûr û siyah û mest û bîmar&lt;/br&gt;Manend-i dihan yarê '''dilteng'''&lt;/br&gt;Nalîn ji reha dilî wekî çeng}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دلته‌نگ}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dilteng bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilteng kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|diltengbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|diltengkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|diltengbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|diltengkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|dil|teng}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|düster}}, {{W|de|schwermütig}}, {{W|de|vergrämt}}, {{W|de|gedrückt}}, {{W|de|trübselig}}, {{W|de|unbehaglich}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الجوي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بیحوصله}}, {{W|fa|بیم ناک}}, {{W|fa|دلگیر}}, {{W|fa|ناشکیبا}}, {{W|fa|دلتنگ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|distress}}, {{W|en|disturb}}, {{W|en|downhearted}}, {{W|en|dejected}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|asabî}}, {{W|tr|efkârlı}}, {{W|tr|sıkıntılı}}, {{W|tr|sıkkın}}, {{W|tr|yüreği dar}}, {{W|tr|bungun|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|bunlu|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>fjgwmy1mrj8wydwf899jj97kf7vg0ck</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dirî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>178994</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291386</id>
      <parentid>6096185</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291386</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2023" sha1="o8g4cul7ptihyxdi4zeqg7827gn3713" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|dirî|mê}}
[[Wêne:Blackberry fruits 2008 G1.jpg|thumb|dirî (tû)]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{r-ya req}}
# {{f|ku|fêkî}} [[cure|Cure]]yekî [[fekî|fekiyan]] ê [[bistrî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Min evro ji bo diya xwe kîloyeke '''diriyan''' bir malê.}}
# {{f|ku|dar}} [[dar|Dara]] ku vê feqiyê dide.

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دڕی}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|[[tû]] (1)
|devî
|tutirk
|dirik
|stirî
|gortî
|tudirik
|dirindeyî hovî
|dijwarî
|rawirî
|hovî
|kelem
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dir|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الشراسة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|العلیق الدغلي|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|توت شوكي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|توت وحشی}}, {{W|fa|تمشک}}, {{W+|fa|درخت خاردار صحرایی}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|blackberry}}, {{W+|en|bramble}}, {{W+|en|ferociousness}}, {{W+|en|predacious}}, {{W+|en|thornbush}}, {{W|en|brier}}, {{W|en|feroci|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|predacity|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|ruffianism|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|rv|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|thorn-bush|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|truculence|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|ferocity|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W|ckb|چەقل}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ya / yê ku [[bistrî]] ye.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dirî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dirîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dirîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dir|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Brombeerstrauch|m}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|شوكة}}, {{W|ar|حسك}}, {{W|ar|توت بري}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بوته خاردار}}, {{W+|fa|تیغ}}, {{W+|fa|نوعی درخت}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|bramble}}, {{W|en|blackberry}},{{W+|en|spine}}, {{W|en|spatiality|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|locational|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sutured|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|tailored|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|diken}}, {{W+|tr|yırtık}}, {{W|tr|dikenli çalı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>o8g4cul7ptihyxdi4zeqg7827gn3713</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ehmeqî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179119</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291387</id>
      <parentid>6280637</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291387</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="709" sha1="nlrtses83nuihq0mivwex8gygdt713p" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bodeletî]] 
# [[sergêjî]] 
# [[xêviktî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Mêrxasiya zêde, '''ehmeqî''' ye.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|ehmeqî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ehmeqî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|ehmeqîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ehmeqîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|ehmeqîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|ehmeqîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Dämlichkeit|f}}, {{W|de|Fimmel|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Unverstand|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|حماقت}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|jerky}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ahmaklık}}, {{W+|tr|aptallık}}, {{W+|tr|hamakat}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>nlrtses83nuihq0mivwex8gygdt713p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>esîl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179150</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291388</id>
      <parentid>6280796</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291388</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="981" sha1="8l194rmosihd5uw6k1r41tl6dg4ow8u" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|ku}}
# [[ader]], esîlza
#: {{nm|ku|Ji '''esîlî''' bipirse, ji bêeslî bitirse.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|esîl bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|esîl kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|esîlbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|esîlkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|esîlbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|esîlkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Çêbûn mesela nebat û şekker&lt;/br&gt;Bû eslê '''esîl'''ê cumle nefsan&lt;/br&gt;Nefsa su'eda û nefsê nehsan}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|elitär}}, {{W|de|fürstlich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|aristokratisch|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|vornehm|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|اصیل}}, {{W|fa|اصیل}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|aristocratic}}, {{W|en|authentic}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|kerim}}, {{W|tr|kökenli}}, {{W|tr|kökten sürme}}, {{W|tr|asil}}, {{W|tr|beyzade|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8l194rmosihd5uw6k1r41tl6dg4ow8u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>felq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179221</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291389</id>
      <parentid>6280990</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291389</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="764" sha1="1sn6w409a7basf9nw66goiytsi4zf0z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|felq|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[tîke]], [[parçe]], [[nîv]], [[pişk]]ek ji [[du]] pişkan, [[par]]ek [[ji]] du paran
#: {{nm|ku|Ez ê '''felq'''ek sêv bixwim.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فەلق}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|feliq}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|felq kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|felqkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|felqkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|half}}, {{W|en|fifty per cent of}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|yarım}}, {{W|tr|parça}}, {{W|tr|çenek|guman=erê}}, 
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|zza}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|zza}}
# [[perçe]]</text>
      <sha1>1sn6w409a7basf9nw66goiytsi4zf0z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fend</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179227</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291390</id>
      <parentid>6096628</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291390</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="968" sha1="pi7twshxvsmez3ignxvu3bn789e38hz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/fɛnd/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fend|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[huner]], [[hinêr]], [[konetî]], [[fesal]]
#: {{nm|ku|Kvirê aşî çiqasî giran be jî, aşvan bi '''fenda''' xwe wî radike.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fend kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fendkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fendkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|fen}}. Bo zêdebûna D lipey N bide ber [[qalind]], [[mindal]], [[elind]].

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Betrug}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Schlich|guman=erê}} {{n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|کلک}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|artifice}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|dubara}}, {{W|tr|fent}}, {{W|tr|oyun}}, {{W|tr|desise}}, {{W|tr|hile}}, {{W|tr|tuzak}}, {{W|tr|fırıldak}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|En-us-fend.ogg|dever=DYA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|en}}
# xwe [[parastin]], [[matî jê kirin|matî ji xwe kirin]]</text>
      <sha1>pi7twshxvsmez3ignxvu3bn789e38hz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fêz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179331</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291391</id>
      <parentid>6281083</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291391</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1427" sha1="lklxbeuspjwk6rsjxzmgf288am49c0f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|ku}}
# aliyê jorîn
#: {{nm|ku|Agir berda kome, xwe da '''fêza''' zomê.}}
# mexelê ga û mangayan, mexelê dewaran, mexelê pêz û bizinnan, cihê vêsan û razan ajalan.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|fêz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fêz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fêzbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fêzkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|fêzbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|fêzkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گروه}}, {{W+|fa|جمع خودمانی}}, {{W+|fa|بالا}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|brag}}, {{W+|en|cocky}}, {{W+|en|conceit}}, {{W+|en|conceitedness}}, {{W+|en|coxcomb}}, {{W+|en|grandiose}}, {{W+|en|immodest}}, {{W+|en|insufferable}}, {{W+|en|pomposity}}, {{W+|en|pretension}}, {{W+|en|proudhearted}}, {{W|en|depreciation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|ego|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|egoist|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|egoistic|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|egoistical|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|haughtiness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|plaza|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|pursiness|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|pursy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|self-opinion|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|superciliously|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|swell head|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|swellhead|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|thrasonical|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|turgescent|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meydan}}, {{W+|tr|gurur}}, {{W+|tr|mağrur}}, {{W|tr|karşı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|kibir|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lklxbeuspjwk6rsjxzmgf288am49c0f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>guregur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179670</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291392</id>
      <parentid>6282041</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291392</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="672" sha1="f4ocpo1jy13ngdmmuxzd7gpz120iw1v" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|guregur|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}, {{r-ya req}}
# {{f|ku|dengê siriştî}} Dengê bayê xurt.
#: {{nm|ku|Bayê '''gurgurî''', weke jina virvirî.}}
# Dengê erebeyan.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|guregur kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|guregurkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|guregurkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|donnernder Lärm}}, {{W|de|Dröhnen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gür gür}}, {{W|tr|gürül gürül}}, {{W|tr|har}}, {{W|tr|haldır|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|haldır haldır|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>f4ocpo1jy13ngdmmuxzd7gpz120iw1v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hevraz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291393</id>
      <parentid>6265540</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291393</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1136" sha1="lsg3gxt8jpyas2gvzd03lwmnsjxcbfc" xml:space="preserve">{{ds|evraz|hevraz|evrazî|hevrazî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-hevraz.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Ji [[xwarê]] bo [[serî]], ji cihek [[nizim]] bo cihek [[bilind]]; [[ser]]e[[berjor]], [[dev]][[berjor]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|dibûr}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew nekare biçe '''hevraz'''iyan piştî pê xwe emelî kirî.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hevraz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevraz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevrazbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevrazkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevrazbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hevrazkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hevraztir
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Anstieg}} {{n}}, {{W|de|Steigung}} {{m}}, {{W|de|Besteigung|f|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|سر بالایی}}, {{W|fa|سربالایی}}, {{W|fa|شیب}}, {{W|fa|دررو|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|acclivity}}, {{W|en|ascent}}, {{W|en|steep}}, {{W|en|more}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|bayır}}, {{W|tr|çıkış}}, {{W|tr|kaban}}, {{W|tr|kıran}}, {{W|tr|yalman}}, {{W|tr|yokuş}}, {{W|tr|rampa}}, {{W|tr|yamaç}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lsg3gxt8jpyas2gvzd03lwmnsjxcbfc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêvişandî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>180031</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291394</id>
      <parentid>6282611</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291394</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="474" sha1="egmke4gbkt91gk9b42c0ixwr03vs85y" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[parastî]] 
# hemetebûyî
#: {{nm|ku|Malê '''hêvişandî''', ne xurê xwediyî ye.}}

===== Jê =====
{{kol3|ku
|hêvişandîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|محافظت شده}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|masun}}, {{W+|tr|korunan}}, {{W+|tr|mahfuz}}, {{W|tr|mahafazalı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>egmke4gbkt91gk9b42c0ixwr03vs85y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>diranfîq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>182858</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291395</id>
      <parentid>6247228</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291395</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="540" sha1="t7stmzueear0mojyfjy6jtcf0yjrpar" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê/a ku [[diran]]ên wî/ê ji hev [[firk]] in û [[dirêj]]î [[dervî]] [[dev]] dibin.
#: {{nm|ku|Yekî '''diranfîq''' hat û emanetê te bir.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[didanfîq]]
* [[dranfîq]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|didan|fîq}}.

==== Jê ====
* [[didanfîqî]]
* [[didanfîqîtî]]
* [[didanfîqtî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dişlek}}, {{W+|tr|tavşan dişli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>t7stmzueear0mojyfjy6jtcf0yjrpar</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mîlîlître</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>186074</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291396</id>
      <parentid>6256914</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291396</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1921" sha1="4fp8w8ezczfo5quk7cj72a0eivvzpxb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|mîlîlître|mê|guherto=hemû}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# 0,001 [[lître]]
#: {{nm|ku|1000 '''mîlîlître''' 1 lître ye.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{hw|ku|milîlître}}

==== Sembol ====
* [[ml]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|mîlî-|lître}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Milliliter|n}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|milillitru|n}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|মিলিলিটার}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|милилитър|n}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W-|my|မီလီလီတာ}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|mililitr|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|毫升|tr=háoshēng}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|milliliter|g}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|milliliiter}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|millilitra}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|millilitre|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|mililitro|n}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|milliliter}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|millilitre}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|mililitro}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|millilitro|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|millilítri|n}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|ミリリットル|tr=miririttoru}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W-|ca|mil·lilitre|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|milliliter}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W-|nb|milliliter|n}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|milliliter|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mililitr|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|mililitro|n}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|mililitru|n}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|миллили́тр|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|mililiter|n}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|mililitro|n}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|mililita}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|milliliter|g}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|mililitro}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|มิลลิลิตร}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W-|te|మిల్లీలీటరు}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|មីលីលីត្រ}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|מיליליטער|n}}
* {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|mìlílítà}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|χιλιοστόλιτρο|nt}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|millilitre|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=77639114}}</text>
      <sha1>4fp8w8ezczfo5quk7cj72a0eivvzpxb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>firîk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>219241</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291397</id>
      <parentid>6096663</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291397</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="739" sha1="p3814vq3khhzxnm8tmi3677108vhuth" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[ser]]ê [[genim]], [[ceh]], [[nok]] û [[çandinî]]yên [[din]] ku nû [[lib]] ketî ye, hîn [[şil]] e, bi [[şîr]] e
#: {{nm|ku|Zadê me ketiye '''firîk'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Firîk'''ên nokan gelek xweş in.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|فریک}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|firîk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|firîk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|firîkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|firîkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|firîkbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|firîkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{nyz|ku}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بذر نورس}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|grain}}, {{W-|en|unripe grain}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>p3814vq3khhzxnm8tmi3677108vhuth</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hêvî kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>243315</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291398</id>
      <parentid>6120134</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291398</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6806" sha1="fwwfqt1g9e9lrxuvdojn2762qddy1kc" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|hêvîkirin}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|hêvî kirin|form=gerguhêz|niha=k|borî=kir|pêşgir=hêvî|valahî=erê}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh}}
# [[xwestin|Xwestin]] ku tiştekî [[xweş]] yan [[baş]] [[qewimîn|biqewime]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|umîd kirin}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hêvî dikim''' ku tu zû werî.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Em hemû '''hêvî dikin''' ku Kurdistan rizgar bike.}}
# {{şerh|hêvî ji kesekî kirin}} [[daxwaz|Daxwaz]] ji kesekî kirin, [[xwestin]], [[rica kirin]]; xwe [[şikandin]] da ku tiştek [[bi dest ve anîn|bi dest ve were]].
#: {{nm|ku|Min gote te '''hêviya jê neke''', dê xwe mezin bike, te bawer nekir.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar|ku|jêgirtin=Ez '''hêvî ji te dikim''' tu bêla xwe ji min veke, ez kêrî vî îşî nayim.|kovar=Hawar|sernav=Melayê Gulê|nivîskar=Cemîlê-Haco|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/LK5QDFR2T9.pdf|hejmar=9|sal=1932|rûpel=2}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|hêvî|kirin}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|hêvîker}}
* {{g|ku|hêvîkirin}}
* {{g|ku|hêvîkirî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser|umîd kirin}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|hoop}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W-|sq|shpreson}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|hoffen}}
* {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|иженер}}
* {{Z|aii}}: {{W-|aii|ܣܵܒ݂ܹܪ|tr=sawer}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|esperar}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|ümid etmək}}, {{W-|az|ummaq}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|спадзява́цца|impf}}, {{W-|be|паспадзява́цца|pf}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W-|bn|আশা করা}}
* {{Z|bth}}: {{W-|bth|harap}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|esperi}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|надя́вам се|impf}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ရည်}}, {{W+|my|မျှော်}}, {{W+|my|ထင်စား}}, {{W+|my|မျှော်လင့်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|doufat|impf}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|希望|tr=hei1 mong6}}
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|зывон}}, {{W-|dng|панвон}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|希望|tr=hî-mong}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|希望|tr=xīwàng}}, {{W+|cmn|盼望|tr=pànwàng}}, {{W+|cmn|指望|tr=zhǐwàng}}
*: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|希望|tr=hi-bāng}}
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|希望|tr=hi-bāng}}
*: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|希望}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|håbe}}
* {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|oppas}}, {{W-|ovd|uppas}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|harap}}, {{W+|id|berharap}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|أَمَلَ}}, {{W-|ar|رَجَا}}, {{W-|ar|تَأَمَّلَ}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|اتمنى|tr=atmanā}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|اتمنى|tr=atmanna}}, {{W-|acw|امَّل|tr=ammal}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|تأمّل|tr=tʔammal}}, {{W-|ajp|تمنّى|tr=tmanna}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հուսալ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|esperi}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|lootma}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|امیدوار بودن|tr=omidvâr budan}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|vóna}}, {{W-|fo|hopa}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|toivoa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|espérer}}
* {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|sperâ}}
* {{Z|ofs}}: {{W-|ofs|hopia}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|hoopje}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|dòchas|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|esperar}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍅𐌴𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|იმედოვნება}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|आशा करना}}, {{W-|hi|उम्मीद करना}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|laum}}
* {{Z|odt}}: {{W-|odt|hopon}}, {{W-|odt|hopan}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|hopen}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|קיווה|tr=kivá|cuda=קיווה \ קִוָּה}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|esperar}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|hopian}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|hope}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|sperar}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|bí ag súil}}, {{W-|ga|bí i ndóchas}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|sperare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|vona}}, {{W-|is|gera sér vonir um}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|希望|tr=きぼうする, kibō suru|cuda=希望する}}, {{W+|ja|望む|tr=のぞむ, nozomu}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|esperar}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|үмүт кылуу}}, {{W+|ky|ишенүү}}, {{W-|ky|эш кылуу}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|බලාපොරොත්තු වෙනවා}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|바라다}}, {{W+|ko|희망하다}}, {{W+|ko|원하다}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|spērō}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|cerēt}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຫວັງ}}, {{W-|lo|ຄາດຫວັງ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|trokšti}}, {{W+|lt|viltis}}, {{W+|lt|tikėtis}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|hoffen}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|се надева|impf}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|harap}}, {{W-|ms|berharap}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|ttama}}, {{W-|mt|spera}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|remél}}, {{W+|hu|reménykedik}}
* {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|sperar}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|найдах}}
* {{Z|nds}}:
*: {{Z|nds-de}}: {{W-|nds-de|hapen}}
* {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|espéther}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|håpe}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|håpa}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|esperar}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئۈمىد قىلماق}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|umid qilmoq}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|mieć nadzieję|impf}}, {{W+|pl|spodziewać się|impf}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|esperar}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|дәмелену}}, {{W-|kk|сену}}, {{W-|kk|үміттену}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|sperar}}, {{W-|rm|sperer}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|spera}}, {{W+|ro|nădăjdui}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|наде́яться|impf}}, {{W-|ru|упова́ть|impf}}
* {{Z|osx}}: {{W-|osx|hopon}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|isperai}}, {{W-|sc|isperare}}, {{W-|sc|sperai}}
* {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|laom}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|надати|impf|cuda=на́дати се}}, {{W-|sh|уфати|impf|cuda=у̀фати се}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|nadati|impf|cuda=nádati se}}, {{W+|sh|ufati|impf|cuda=ùfati se}}
* {{Z|cu}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|cu|оупъвати|impf}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|dúfať|impf}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|upati|impf}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|esperar}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|tumaini}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|hoppas}}
* {{Z|tab}}: {{W-|tab|умуд}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|умедвор будан}}, {{W-|tg|умед доштан}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|umasa}}, {{W+|tl|asahan}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|หวัง}}, {{W-|th|คาดหวัง}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఆశించు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|өмет итәргә}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ummak}}, {{W+|tr|umut etmek}}, {{W+|tr|ümit etmek}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|umyt etmek}}, {{W-|tk|tama etmek}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|اُمِّید کَرْنا|tr=ummīd karnā}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|наді́ятися|impf}}, {{W-|uk|сподіва́тися|impf}}, {{W-|uk|упова́ти|impf}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|hy vọng}}, {{W+|vi|mong}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|gobeithio}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|សង្ឃឹម}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|האָפֿן}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ελπίζω}}
*: {{Z|grc}}: {{W-|grc|ἐλπίζω}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|hihvang}}, {{W-|za|maqmuengh}}, {{W-|za|muengh}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|hope|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75769271}}

{{werger-ser|daxwaz ji kesekî kirin}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>fwwfqt1g9e9lrxuvdojn2762qddy1kc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>talişî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>246629</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291399</id>
      <parentid>6098793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291399</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1243" sha1="p9r7eu7xljeuewudzipefood0oht08f" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Talysh language dialects.svg|thumb|Devokên talişî]]
{{wp|Zimanê talişî}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|ziman}} [[ziman|Zimanê]] gelê [[Taliş]]an pê diaxivin (zimanek [[hindo-ewropî]] yê ji babika [[zimanên îranî]]).

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|sernav=Zaravayên talişî
|lenkonî&lt;w:zaravaya bakur&gt;
|taleşdulayî&lt;w:zaravaya navîn&gt;
|xûşebarî&lt;w:zaravaya başûr&gt;
|tatî&lt;w:zaravaya li [[Îran]]ê te axaftin&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|taliş|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|talisch}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W-|az|talış}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|tr=talişeren|թալիշերեն}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|tr=talişî|تالشی}}, {{W-|fa|تالشی|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|Talysh}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|tr=ŧalişskî|Талышский}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|tolışə}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|Talişçe}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Tiştên bi zimanê Talişan.
#: {{nm|ku|Stranên '''talişî'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rojnameyên '''talişî'''.}}
# Tiştên Talişan.
#: {{nm|ku|Aliyê '''talişî''' di danûstandinan de.}}
# Mîna Talişan.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>p9r7eu7xljeuewudzipefood0oht08f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>avan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>261725</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291400</id>
      <parentid>6277546</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291400</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="801" sha1="oayt63tmj0rtzutl8blqa85bkr5d7ts" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|avan|mê û nêr}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[ava]], [[avakirî]]
# Nave xort û kiçane
#: {{nm|ku|'''Avan''' hate mal.}}
#: {{nm|ku|eve qelemê '''Avanê''' ye.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|avankirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

=== Formeke navdêrê ===
{{ku-tew-nav|av|nêr|çemandî|binavkirî}}
{{navdêr|ku|form=erê}}
# ''Rewşa [[çemandî]] ya pirjimar a binavkirî ya'' '''[[av]]'''.

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|بیکار}}, {{W+|fa|آواره}}, {{W+|fa|بیچاره}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
* {{Ferhenga Kamêran}}

== {{ziman|io}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|io}}
# [[berî#ku|berî]], [[beriya]], li [[pêş]]</text>
      <sha1>oayt63tmj0rtzutl8blqa85bkr5d7ts</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berdar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>261915</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291401</id>
      <parentid>6140822</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291401</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1578" sha1="1yps1rgm1qzzozlrvybtqxpii38dp66" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|berdar}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# dara ku [[biberhem]] e, dar [[giya]] yan [[giyandar]]ên [[berhem]] digirin
#: {{nm|ku|Riwekên '''berdar''' li warê me pirrin.}}
# [[bi kêrhatî]], xwedî karîn
# [[gehiştî]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Ferhenga Kamêran}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بەردار}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|berdar kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|berdarkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|berdarkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[ber]] (5) + [[dar]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|reich}}, {{W+|de|fruchtbar|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مثمر}}, {{W-|ar|مفيد}}, {{W-|ar|غزير}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|فراوان}}, {{W+|fa|وافر}}, {{W+|fa|بسیار}}, {{W+|fa|محصول}}, {{W+|fa|بازده}}, {{W+|fa|راندمان}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fruitful}}, {{W+|en|abundant}}, {{W+|en|childing}}, {{W+|en|reproducer}}, {{W+|en|fructuous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|procreant|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|productive|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|hinterland|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|luxuriant|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|philoprogenitive|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|feracious|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|feyizli}}, {{W+|tr|hâsılatlı}}, {{W+|tr|randımanlı}}, {{W+|tr|semereli}}, {{W+|tr|ümitli}}, {{W+|tr|üretken}}, {{W+|tr|ürünlü}}, {{W+|tr|verimli}}, {{W+|tr|zengin}}, {{W+|tr|ongun}}, {{W+|tr|rantabl}}, {{W+|tr|velût|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|mahsuldar|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|ürtken|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|velt|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>1yps1rgm1qzzozlrvybtqxpii38dp66</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dartaşî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>262881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291402</id>
      <parentid>6140907</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291402</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="654" sha1="0mdy6q2sje3cjow8qpoy11znsvqt07g" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# [[kar|Kar]]ê [[çêkirin]] û [[lêkdan]]a [[kelûpel]]ên [[navmalî]]yên ji [[dar]]î di hên çêkirin wekî [[text]] [[dîwar]] [[depebend]] û hwd.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ferhenga Kamêran}}&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{nm|ku|Fêrbûna '''dartaşiyê''' karekê hin baş e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دارتاشی}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Dibe ji {{qe|ku|dar|-taşî|w2=[[taşîn]]}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|النجارة}}
* {{Z|en}}:{{W+|en|carpentry}}, {{W+|en|woodworking}}, {{W+|en|joinery}}
{{werger-bin}}

==== Çavkanî ====
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>0mdy6q2sje3cjow8qpoy11znsvqt07g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dilreşî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>263171</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291403</id>
      <parentid>6096170</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291403</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="925" sha1="ds767ky3pivk4luc6lt2uic3t0mpe0a" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# [[pîsî]], [[çavnebarî]], [[gemarî]]&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20160305060132/https://rojbas5.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/ferhenga-kamc3aaran.pdf Ferhenga Kamêran&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br/&gt; dema kesek [[hesûdî|hesûdiyê]] bi kesek din dibe
#: {{nm|ku|Di dilreş nebin, da Xwedê harikariya hewe biket.}}
# [[xêrnexwazî]], [[dilpîsî]]

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دلڕەشی}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|dilreşî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|dilreşîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|dilreşîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|dilreş|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|حسد}}, {{W|ar|غل}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|hissizlik}}, {{W+|tr|kıskançlık}}, {{W+|tr|vehim}}, {{W+|tr|vesvese}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W+|en|envy}}, {{W+|en|jealousy}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>ds767ky3pivk4luc6lt2uic3t0mpe0a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>givişk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>263573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291404</id>
      <parentid>6281756</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291404</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="983" sha1="1abszoo1iwmxr6kvo6t0m4vlxbko6ak" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|givişk|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|xwarin}} [[xwarin]]ek ku bi yêk cure gîya ku piştî kelandinê bête givişandin û piranîya vê bi [[mend]] yan [[kengir]] yan gîyayên din yê vek van tête çêkirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Min iro '''givişka''' mendê xwar.}}
# {{f|ku|xwarin}}  [[cure|Cureyekî]] [[xwarin]]ê ye ji [[birinc]] û [[goştî]] tê [[çêkirin]].
# bizaveke mirov ji egera xewê  westanê  canê xwe ji hev di rakê/it&lt;ref&gt;{{Ferhenga Kamêran}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|givişk bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|givişk kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|givişkbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|givişkkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|givişkbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|givişkkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: (ravekirî) {{W|en|rice and meat squeezed in the fist and cooked}}, {{W|en|dumpling}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>1abszoo1iwmxr6kvo6t0m4vlxbko6ak</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kelegirî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>263948</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291405</id>
      <parentid>6283338</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291405</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="973" sha1="aglo5b52f5bmfax6m982rrynp3329yd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
[[Wêne:Weyden, Rogier van der - Descent from the Cross - Detail women (left).jpg|thumb|Çavek '''kelegirî''']]
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kizgiryok]], [[kizgirîk]]
#: {{nm|ku|'''Kelegirî''' ya keftî hinavên wê.|ref=&lt;ref&gt;{{Ferhenga Kamêran}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|kelogirî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|kelegirî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kelegirî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|kelegirîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kelegirîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|kelegirîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|kelegirîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|dem Weinen nahe}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بغض گریه}}
* {{Z|fr}}: en {{W+|fr|larmes}}, en {{W+|fr|pleurs}}, {{W+|fr|larmoyant}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|weepy}}, {{W+|en|tearful}}, {{W+|en|plaintive}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ağlamaklı}}, {{W|tr|ağlamalı}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>aglo5b52f5bmfax6m982rrynp3329yd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lihevhatî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>264170</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291406</id>
      <parentid>6097346</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291406</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1987" sha1="10b10qnkpidt1xfh95afj2xfehpks2b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|li|hev|ha|tî}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|lihevhatî}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[xweşik]], [[rind]], [[ciwan]], [[rapêçayî]], [[lêkdayî]], [[qeşeng]], [[bedew]], [[delal]], [[qenc]], [[birêkûpêk]], &lt;br&gt; [[hebûn]]a [[serusîma]]yekê ciwan û bedew
#: {{nm|ku|Keçeka '''lihevhatî'''|ref=&lt;ref&gt;{{Ferhenga Kamêran}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
# gava parçeyê tiştek li hev hatî bin û bi rêk û pêk bin.
#: {{nm|ku|Dikorasîyona vê malê '''lihevhatî''' ye.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|لهەڤهاتی}}

==== Bikaranîna peyvê ====
* Li Dihokê nayê bikaranîn.&lt;br&gt; Li def kurdan peyvên wisa mîna ciwan, can, lihevhatî... ji bo herdu regezan (nêr, mê) tên bikaranîn, ne mîna îngilîzî &quot;''beautiful''&quot; ji bo keçan û &quot;''handsome&quot;'' ji bo kuran.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|lihevhatî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lihevhatî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lihevhatîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lihevhatîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lihevhatîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lihevhatîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[li]] + [[hev]] + [[hatin]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|deckungsgleich}}, {{W|de|einig}}, {{W|de|einverstanden}}, {{W|de|harmonisch}}, {{W|de|ausgemacht}}, {{W|de|geeinigt}}, {{W|de|übereinstimmend}}, {{W|de|verabredet|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|انسجام|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|مناسب}}, {{W|fa|آشتی کرده}}, {{W|fa|متناسب}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|beautiful}}, {{W|en|handsome}}, {{W|en|gorgeous}}, {{W|en|harmonic}}, {{W|en|harmonious}}, {{W|en|at one}}, {{W|en|compatible|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|aslan gibi}}, {{W|tr|barışık}}, {{W|tr|mutabık}}, {{W|tr|uzlaşık}}, {{W|tr|uzlaşmalı}}, {{W|tr|ağzı burnu yerinde}}, {{W|tr|bağdaşım}}, {{W|tr|mevzun|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|uyumlu|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yapılı|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|çekme|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yakışıklı delikanlı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>10b10qnkpidt1xfh95afj2xfehpks2b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nizniz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>264495</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291407</id>
      <parentid>6285266</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:21:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291407</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="824" sha1="eti42zggwn59tb8mjvvthh1f84dpsje" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|nizniz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Dema [[zarok]] bi [[girî]] û [[gazinde]] [[daxaz]]ekê bike yan dema zaro ne [[rihet]] bit&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305060132/https://rojbas5.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/ferhenga-kamc3aaran.pdf Ferhenga Kamêran]&lt;/ref&gt;, di bêjine girî û [[gilî]] û gazindan '''nizniz'''.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Nizniz'''a van zarokan pir nexweş e.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|نزنز}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|nizniz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|niznizkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|niznizkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|mızıkçı}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}

{{mijar|ku|dengên siriştî}}</text>
      <sha1>eti42zggwn59tb8mjvvthh1f84dpsje</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qurmiçî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>265091</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291408</id>
      <parentid>6286592</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291408</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2383" sha1="nrsbspxshcf6o0aa4t767j2u3w57sph" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|qur|mi|çî}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[têkçûyî|Têkçûyî]], hatî qurmiçandin, [[lewaz]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ferhenga Kamêran}}&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{nm|ku|Mirovê '''qurmiçî'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rûçikê '''qurmiçî'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Sêva '''qurmiçî'''.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Axîna evîna '''qurmiçî''', mirazên şikestî, pêl bi pêl, dil û ruh vedigirin.|nivîskar={{w|Mehmed Uzun}}|sernav={{w|Bîra Qederê}}|weşanxane={{w|Nefel}}|sal=2002|rûpel=206}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Kardûk xwe da ber sobê, dest û piyên xwe yên qefilî germ kir. Sirê bedena wî biribû, her derên wî qefilî û di ser hev de '''qurmiçî''' bûn.|nivîskar=Mihemed Şarman|sernav=Pirça Winda|cîh=Stembol|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2016, Çapa Duyem|rûpel=36|isbn=978-605-5585-41-9}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Destên '''qermiçî''' bedena qefilî hembêz dikin|{{w|Evîn Çîçek}}: ''Awaz Serpêhatîyan II'', Weşanên Pêrî, 2004, r.235}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|قورمچی}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|qermiçî}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qurmiçî bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qurmiçî kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qurmiçîbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qurmiçîkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qurmiçîbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|qurmiçîkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|faltig|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|gebauscht|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|runzelig|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|zerknittert|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|verknittert|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|قحل|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|crinkle}}, {{W+|en|crumple}}, {{W+|en|blasted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|creased|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|crinkled|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sear|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|shrank|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|contracted|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|crumpled|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|passe|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|puckered|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|puckery|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|rugous|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|rumple|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|rumpled|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|wrinkly|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|چروک لباس}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kırışık}}, {{W+|tr|pörsük}}, {{W+|tr|büzük}}, {{W-|tr|muşmula gibi|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|buruşuk|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|pörsüklük|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>nrsbspxshcf6o0aa4t767j2u3w57sph</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ئەلفووبێ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>268841</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290856</id>
      <parentid>5879359</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* {{ziman|ckb}} */</comment>
      <origin>6290856</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="110" sha1="1xr3yvdo2g7g3gyn80odfaru712a1nn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ckb}}
# [[alfabe]] {{îzah|[[pergal|pergala]] [[herf|herfan]]}}</text>
      <sha1>1xr3yvdo2g7g3gyn80odfaru712a1nn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>a (yekî) tê de man</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>279517</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291409</id>
      <parentid>6141567</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291409</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="538" sha1="8aipfgh76t26gb5xll8r2ytutmck1kp" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Bi mirazê xwe şad nebûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Wê çaxê ew jî gelekî bi min re kire xirecir lê '''ya wê jî tê de ma'''. a tîr di binî de ye. ya sexte û xerab wê dû re bê, yan jî ya xerab di binî de ye.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Ew hê nizane ya tîr di binî da ye.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|boyunun ölçüsünü almak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|ettiğiyle kalmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8aipfgh76t26gb5xll8r2ytutmck1kp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>agir barandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>279594</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291410</id>
      <parentid>6141576</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291410</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="538" sha1="sph12bmws4vm40uojcgho9t3hh7ki4b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Pir [[hêrs bûn|hêrs bûn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Dema ku pez diket nav zeviya wan, xaltiya harê '''agir dibarand'''.}}
# Li ser hev gule berdan.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Qoriciyên gundên me, ku bi şev reşahiyek bidîtana, hema '''agir dibarandinê'''.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|آتش باراندن}}, {{W+|fa|بمباران کردن}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ateş yağdırmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>sph12bmws4vm40uojcgho9t3hh7ki4b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>agir bi dilê (yekî) ketin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>279604</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291411</id>
      <parentid>6141578</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291411</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="633" sha1="mqn3304o84ifj6as6lyhopv8k5itckh" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# [[dil şewitîn|Dil şewitîn]], [[li ber xwe ketin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Dema ku ji nav wê daristanê darek tê birin agir bi dile min dikeve.}}
# [[aşiq bûn|Aşiq bûn]], [[dilînî bûn]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Serwer çawa ku rihan dit, hiş ji serî çû û agirek li dilê wî yê ciwan ket.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|içi sızlamak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|ciğeri kebab olmak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|içi yanmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|içinin yağı erimek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>mqn3304o84ifj6as6lyhopv8k5itckh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>agir bi ser (yekî) de barandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>279617</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291412</id>
      <parentid>6141581</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291412</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="336" sha1="ilp8h363js3l9ylbztr2nqcyg5s1ssa" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# [[zilm û tade kirin|Zilm û tade kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Mele sofi mîrzo her roj agir bi ser xulamen xwe de dibarîne.}}
# Bi çekan gule berdan.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Leşkeran agir bi ser gerîlayan de barandin.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}</text>
      <sha1>ilp8h363js3l9ylbztr2nqcyg5s1ssa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>anîn ser xwe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>279721</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291413</id>
      <parentid>6099542</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291413</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="738" sha1="lzp0jonvxb6wxuw0wc54ez9e7h0sh4g" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# [[li xwe mukir hatin|Li xwe mukir hatin]], [[îthaf kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Bere qet qal nedikir, niha edî '''tîne ser xwe'''.}}
# [[sererast kirin|Sererast kirin]], [[tekûz kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Helce ferîdûn nebûya, nur endam zû bi zû '''nedihate ser xwe'''.}}
# [[şiyar kirin|Şiyar kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Bi we gotina min a bi peyam ew hate ser xwe, naxwe, kare me we tevlihev bibûya.}}
# Hildana ser xwe, xwe wekî berpirsyar daxuyandin.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Heke ku dîlawer '''neda ser xwe''', wî ew erebe bi deyn nedida mehemed.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|yaptıklarını itiraf etmek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lzp0jonvxb6wxuw0wc54ez9e7h0sh4g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>barê xwe danîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>280059</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291414</id>
      <parentid>6099570</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291414</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="429" sha1="g3m47syv57zlzk4c5oly2uwdjmp6hju" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# [[zarok anîn|Zarok anîn]], [[hemla xwe danîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Piştî heft salan dema ku bûka wan hemla xwe danî, hemû malbat şad bû.}}
# Ji binbarî û giraniyekê rizgar bûn.
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Dema ku şewqî dîplomeya xwe girt, weke ku barekî giran ji ser pişta xwe day ne rehet bû.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g3m47syv57zlzk4c5oly2uwdjmp6hju</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>berepaş çûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>280249</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291415</id>
      <parentid>6141681</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291415</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="662" sha1="59mnn8elts723mpbnkhmx1bv7h1g38q" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=h-ngh}}
# [[paşve çûn|Paşve çûn]], rewş xerabtir bûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Xelk hemû pêşve çûn, ew jî '''berepaş çûn'''.}}
# Ketin nav rewşeke eletewş û ecêb.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ew&gt; mirovên sosret in, wisa berepaş diçin û mirov didine şermî.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|berepaş|çûn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gerilemek}}, {{W-|tr|gerisin geri gitmek}}, {{W-|tr|gerisin geriye gitmek}}, {{W-|tr|tedeni etmek}}, {{W-|tr|ters yüzüne dönmek}}, {{W+|tr|töskürmek}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>59mnn8elts723mpbnkhmx1bv7h1g38q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêminet bûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>280364</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291416</id>
      <parentid>6102010</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291416</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="789" sha1="k3fjsc3v2a397gewsa3wes47rkv0iv8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-ngh}}
# [[bêtirs bûn|Bêtirs bûn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Baran mirovekî '''bêminet e''', qet ji tu kesî re serî natewîne.}}
# [[hewce|Hewce]]dar û [[deyndar]]ê tu kesî nebûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Faris '''bêminet e''', kes rûkare wî tawanbar bike.}}
# [[bêhurmet|Bêhurmet]] û bê[[terbiye]] bûn.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Çi dibe bila bibe, dive li hemberî xezûri xwe wisa '''bêminet nebûya'''.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}
# [[difin|Difin]] [[bilind]] bûn.

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بێمنەت بوون}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|bêminet|bûn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بلا منة}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|self possessed}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>k3fjsc3v2a397gewsa3wes47rkv0iv8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bi erdê ve bûn yek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>280618</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291417</id>
      <parentid>6141734</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291417</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="875" sha1="5q8bt9o8594ng1ysta7ff55h9z9l56y" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-ngh}} {{f|ku|biwêjî}}
# [[tar û mar bûn|Tar û mar bûn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Di operasyonan de leşkeran ew gundên li newalê tev bi erdê ve kirin yek.}}
# Hurmeteke bêhempa nîşan dan.
#: {{nm|ku|Mihyedîn ji bo rehetiya mêvanan, xwe bi erdê ve dike yek.}}
# Gelekî [[fedîkar bûn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Heke zarokên min vê yekê bibihîsin, ez ê bi erdê ve bibim yek.}}
# Ji kesekî re şêlafî kirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Doxtorê beşa me yê asistan, ji bo ku bibe pispor, xwe li ber profesor bi erdê ve dikir yek.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|niederwerfen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}:{{W-|tr|hak ile yeksan etmek|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|hak ile yeksan olmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yerle bir etmek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5q8bt9o8594ng1ysta7ff55h9z9l56y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bi hev ve girê dan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>280679</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291418</id>
      <parentid>6141743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291418</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="561" sha1="ebyurqi862yv1hi1zyfqq3l63t3s1v3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Vir û derew li hev anîn.
#: {{nm|ku|Şîndar hema li cihekî ku rûdinê, deh derewan '''bi hev du ve girê dide''' û radibe.}}
# Ji bo karekî yan jî xeberekê gelek kes têkildar kirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Wî lawikê ji rojhilata kurdistan, di îfadeya xwe de gelek kes '''bi hev du ve girêdan'''.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|knüpfen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ilişkilendirmek}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ebyurqi862yv1hi1zyfqq3l63t3s1v3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bi ser xistin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>280866</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291419</id>
      <parentid>6141775</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291419</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="902" sha1="pq3o8kt9dgnwiyu5mc4ptn6busm1a2y" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-ngh}}
# [[bi ser ketin|Bi ser ketin]], [[serkeftî bûn]].
# Di [[hel]]a hejmarî (miktar) de lê zede kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Keça xwe şand dersxane û qursan, di dawiye de '''bi ser xist'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bi dû de beziya, ket, westiya û tişt '''bi ser nexist'''|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Dilnaze ew parçe jî '''bi ser nexista''' tere nedikir.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[bi]] + [[ser]] + [[xistin]]

{{kontrolWerger}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|klopfen}}, {{W+|de|obsiegen}}, {{W+|de|überkommen}}, {{W+|de|überwältigen}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W-|en|lead to victory}}, {{W-|en|to bring up}}, {{W+|en|increase}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|başarmak}}, {{W+|tr|eklemek}}, {{W+|tr|ilâve etmek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>pq3o8kt9dgnwiyu5mc4ptn6busm1a2y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>derketin meydanê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282122</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291420</id>
      <parentid>6141951</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291420</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="577" sha1="bugftsmu0nr3d753mtjfubzp9i7l4jd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-ngh}}
# Tiştekî bidizî eyan bûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Çi kiribû û çi nekiribû yek bi yek '''derkete mexderê'''.}}
# Ji bo tekoşîn û dozê derketin qadê.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Têkoçerên rizgariya gel, '''derketin meydanê''' û gotin: &quot;êdî bes e!&quot;|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|anfallen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|herauskommen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|herausstellen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meydana çıkmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bugftsmu0nr3d753mtjfubzp9i7l4jd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dest danîn ser</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282179</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291421</id>
      <parentid>6141966</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291421</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2136" sha1="4n1q0684d9fe3vkxyj9s8yjrxmawn4w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b}}
# Ji xwe re hildan, [[hildan bin bandora xwe]], [[girtin]], [[misadere kirin]], [[kontrol kirin]], jê [[standin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Dewletê '''dest danî ser''' malê wan.|rêz=1|Dewletê malê wan bi zorê jê stand.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wî bêbavî '''dest da ser''' keda min a ew qas salan.}}
# Ji bo nirxandinê, demekê li ser, lêkolîn û lêgerîn kirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Ez dê '''dest bidim ser''' vê bûyerê|Amed Tîgrîs}}
# [[xwedî kirin|Xwedî kirin]], parastin.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Xwedê jê razî be dîsa hecî eyîh '''deste xwe da ser''' (¡iza wî, heya ku mêrê wê ji eskriyê hat.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|dest|danîn|ser|nekat=1}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|konfiszieren}}, {{W|de|bemächtigen}}, {{W|de|Besitz ergriffen haben}}, {{W|de|in Beschlag nehmen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|beschlagnahmen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|requirieren|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|sich anmaßen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|sicherstellen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|zurückhalten|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|beschlagnehmen|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|in Besitz nehmen|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|没收|R=mòshōu}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|beslah}}, {{W+|id|membeslah}}, {{W+|id|menyita}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|konfiski}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|توقیف کردن|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|leggja hald á}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|pakkolunastaa}}, {{W+|fi|konfiskoida}}, ottaa väkisin pois
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|saizir}}, {{W+|fr|confisquer}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|confisqueren}}, {{W+|nl|in beslag nemen}}, {{W+|nl|konfiskeren}}, {{W+|nl|verbeurd verklaren}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|konfiskar}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|confiscate}}, {{W|en|usurp|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|confiscar}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|konfiská}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|confiscar}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|налошить арест на|tr=nalochit' ariéct na}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|confiscar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|konfiskera}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|müsadere etmek}}, {{W|tr|tutmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|üzerine oturmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4n1q0684d9fe3vkxyj9s8yjrxmawn4w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dest dan hev</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282181</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291422</id>
      <parentid>6141967</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291422</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="760" sha1="efvwh280hd4ejai0ev4w0oxg6jw41s8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b}}
# Ji hev û din re alîkarî kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Divê em '''dest bidin hev''' ku em ji vî halê xirab û ji vê bindestiyê xelas bibin.}}
# Li ser peyman an jî sozekê li hev kirin, [[li hev hatin]],.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Piştî wê pey mana ku wan '''dest dane hev''', ew yek bû fermana çarenûsa nie, ya reş.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|el ele vermek}}, {{W|tr|ittifak etmek}}, {{W|tr|tokalaşmak}}, {{W|tr|yardımlaşmak}}, {{W+|tr|bir elin sesi çıkmaz|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|el ele|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|elleşmek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|toka|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|toka etmek|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>efvwh280hd4ejai0ev4w0oxg6jw41s8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dest û pê girê dan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282214</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291423</id>
      <parentid>6141975</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291423</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="476" sha1="f8gt3d67qalj735x3mn26id8r0wzep3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b}}
# Ji gotin û tevgerê re tu rê nehiştin.
#: {{nm|ku|Heqî her tişt ew qas zelal û rast anî ziman ku '''dest û piyên min jî hatin girê dan'''.}}
# [[asteng kirin|Asteng kirin]], [[zor û zext lê kirin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Wan '''dest û piyên xembar girê dan''', ku nikaribû bilibite.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>f8gt3d67qalj735x3mn26id8r0wzep3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>destê (yekî) negihîştin (tiştekî)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282273</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291424</id>
      <parentid>6141982</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291424</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="382" sha1="q1syvydj5hjve2skl3yiawxsuh7v2re" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b}}
# [[ji quwetê der bûn]]
#: {{nm|ku|bibore, lê '''destê min nagihîje''' wê radeyê}}
# xwe pê re negihandin, derfet nedîtin
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Ez çiqasî lê geriyam jî '''destê min negihîşte''' wê.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>q1syvydj5hjve2skl3yiawxsuh7v2re</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>di devê (yekî) de rîtin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282605</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291425</id>
      <parentid>6142027</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291425</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="467" sha1="9txhour5tmm0p5h86xlkv8ugxuii5p1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# [[rezîl û riswa kirin|Rezîl û riswa kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Li pişberî wê knçeyê çîlê wisa kir ku '''di devê''' llecî xisret '''de rît'''.}}
# [[zilm û eziyet kirin|Zilm û eziyet kirin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Na lo! ka mêrikê reben dikare bibêje viq, jinik '''di dêv dirît'''|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>9txhour5tmm0p5h86xlkv8ugxuii5p1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dilê xwe xera kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282973</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291426</id>
      <parentid>6100420</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291426</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="845" sha1="631bif1psou91ud62dsk2i7gdyh7r6r" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-gh}}
# Ji bo pêkanîna karekî niyet kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Wî '''dilê xwe xera kiriye''', dixwaze bi karekî din re mijûl bibe.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Lakin bi rêve Kirêt '''dilê xwe li Guzel Xatunê xira diketin'''.|nivîskar=Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî|sernav=Cami’eya Riseleyan û Hikayetan Bi Zimanê Kurmancî|cîh=Stembol|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Lîs|Lîs}}|sal=2010|çap=1|rûpel=85|isbn=978-605-5683-27-6}}
# [[xemgîn bûn|Xemgîn bûn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Wexta ku nameya keça wê dixwendin, cemîleyê '''dilê xwe xera dikir'''.}}
# Bi niyeteke nebaş tevgerîn.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Wî '''dilê xwe xera kiribû''' ku dest biavêje keçikê, lê keçikê berî wî xwe avêtibû derve.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>631bif1psou91ud62dsk2i7gdyh7r6r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dilteng bûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>283010</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291427</id>
      <parentid>6142099</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:22:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291427</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="924" sha1="qf4ukhpeujr1rftvc7b19qfqhf2lpdy" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|diltengbûn}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=h-ngh}}
# [[aciz bûn|Aciz bûn]], dil [[tengijîn]], [[bêsebr]] bûn, [[netebitî]] bûn, [[isac]] bûn, [[bêzewq]] bûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Piştî ku zînê ew gotinên ne xweş ji hozan bihîstin pir '''dilteng bû'''. diltengî kirin ji kesekî yan jî tiştekî aciz bûn.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Hey malxerab, ma mirov qet ji wî zarokîjî diltengîyê dike?|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

====Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دلتەنگ بوون}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|dilteng|bûn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|sich erzürnen}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|be sad}}, {{W|en|be upset}}, {{W|en|be unhappy}}, {{W|en|be downhearted}}, {{W|en|grieve}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|efkârlanmak}}, {{W|tr|sıkılmak}}, {{W|tr|sıkıntı basmak}}, {{W|tr|canı sıkılmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qf4ukhpeujr1rftvc7b19qfqhf2lpdy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>afsûn kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>283334</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291436</id>
      <parentid>6142164</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291436</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="425" sha1="t9cxkmlcsgnif15tr7bsg2d38gjlip8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Bi niviştan parastin û li hemberî xirabiyan bi hêz kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Digotin evdile '''efsûnkirî''' ye, gnîe lê nakevin, lê bû xwerê guleyeke mîrzeyê gehxwar.}}
# [[xapandin|Xapandin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Xesûya mahacir ew wisa '''efsûn kîribû''' ku ji dê û bavê xwe re bûbû dijmin.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}</text>
      <sha1>t9cxkmlcsgnif15tr7bsg2d38gjlip8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291510</id>
      <parentid>6291436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T19:12:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ghybu</username>
        <id>1393</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>6291510</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="447" sha1="ao1st8e3fa50m27whzudlvvqpcllkmu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh|nd=afsûnkirin}}
# Bi niviştan parastin û li hemberî xirabiyan bi hêz kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Digotin evdile '''efsûnkirî''' ye, gnîe lê nakevin, lê bû xwerê guleyeke mîrzeyê gehxwar.}}
# [[xapandin|Xapandin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Xesûya mahacir ew wisa '''efsûn kîribû''' ku ji dê û bavê xwe re bûbû dijmin.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}</text>
      <sha1>ao1st8e3fa50m27whzudlvvqpcllkmu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qeşitîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>286305</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291430</id>
      <parentid>6266172</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:39:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291430</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1294" sha1="rta8o2uwzwjuos26f2ty1co7tayyv4e" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=ngh}}
# [[cehimîn|Cehimîn]]; [[çûn]]a [[ne]] [[bi]] [[dil]]ê xwe, (kulankî) [[erebana xwe kêşan]].
#: {{nm|ku|Tu ne ti zilam î! '''Biqeşite''' ji vir.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bi [[xwîn]] [[nivîsîn]] li ser [[zinar]]a&lt;br&gt;Li [[vir]] nemaye [[cih]]ê [[neyar]]a&lt;br&gt;'''Biqeşte''' [[dijmin]], [[qad]]a me berde&lt;br&gt;Ew [[der]] [[welat]]ê [[gernas]]ê [[Kurd]] e|[[w:Cegerxwîn|Cegerxwîn]]}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|قەشتین}}

==== Tewîn ====
* {{g|ku|-qeşit-}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|şeqitîn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|qeşitîn çûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|qeşitînçûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|qeşitandin
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|get lost}}, (offensive) to {{W+|en|fuck off}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|defolmak}}, {{W+|tr|cehennem olmak}}, {{W+|tr|sıyrılmak}}, {{W+|tr|yıkılmak}}, {{W+|tr|defolma}}, {{W+|tr|sıyrılma}}, {{W+|tr|yıkılma}}, {{W+|tr|savuşmak}}, {{W+|tr|siktirmek}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|qeşitîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bêwate|ku}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>rta8o2uwzwjuos26f2ty1co7tayyv4e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lê hûr bûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>288155</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291545</id>
      <parentid>6142903</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T04:46:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-41441-30</username>
        <id>15180</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Werger: +tirkî : [[odaklanmak]] (bi alîkarî)</comment>
      <origin>6291545</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1323" sha1="4ew9f28100ye3x01r1iju17m7fh3163" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# bi awayekî [[kûr]] û [[zirav]] [[li ser sekinîn|li ser mijareke sekinîn]]
#: ''rezdar wisa lê hûr bû ku di mijara muzîke de tu çi jê pirs b'ikî, dikare bersiveke pir fireh bide te.''&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|لێ هوور بوون}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|analysieren}}, {{W|de|in Augenschein nehmen}}, {{W|de|sorgfältig prüfen}}, {{W|de|sorgfältig untersuchen}}, {{W|de|sich konzentrieren}}, {{W|de|zerlegen}}, {{W|de|genau untersuchen}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|استعرض|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|فرگشائی کردن}}, {{W|fa|تحلیل کردن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|anatomize}}, {{W|en|dissect}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|detaylarına inmek}}, {{W|tr|ıcığı cıcığı çıkarmak}}, {{W|tr|incelemek}}, {{W|tr|irdelemek}}, {{W|tr|muhakeme yürütmek}}, {{W|tr|mütaala etmek}}, {{W|tr|teşrih etmek}}, {{W|tr|yoğunlaşmak}}, {{W|tr|gözlemek}}, {{W|tr|haddeden geçirmek}}, {{W|tr|konsantre etmek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|üzerine yoğunlaşmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|üstüne yoğunlaşmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ıcığını cıcığını çıkarmak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|odaklanmak}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>4ew9f28100ye3x01r1iju17m7fh3163</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291546</id>
      <parentid>6291545</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T04:49:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muzaffercky</username>
        <id>11833</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Werger: +îngilîzî : [[focus]] (bi alîkarî)</comment>
      <origin>6291546</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1340" sha1="0d4kx1ymsed94entv9gb7ikch3i6qhq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# bi awayekî [[kûr]] û [[zirav]] [[li ser sekinîn|li ser mijareke sekinîn]]
#: ''rezdar wisa lê hûr bû ku di mijara muzîke de tu çi jê pirs b'ikî, dikare bersiveke pir fireh bide te.''&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|لێ هوور بوون}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|analysieren}}, {{W|de|in Augenschein nehmen}}, {{W|de|sorgfältig prüfen}}, {{W|de|sorgfältig untersuchen}}, {{W|de|sich konzentrieren}}, {{W|de|zerlegen}}, {{W|de|genau untersuchen}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|استعرض|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|فرگشائی کردن}}, {{W|fa|تحلیل کردن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|anatomize}}, {{W|en|dissect}}, {{W+|en|focus}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|detaylarına inmek}}, {{W|tr|ıcığı cıcığı çıkarmak}}, {{W|tr|incelemek}}, {{W|tr|irdelemek}}, {{W|tr|muhakeme yürütmek}}, {{W|tr|mütaala etmek}}, {{W|tr|teşrih etmek}}, {{W|tr|yoğunlaşmak}}, {{W|tr|gözlemek}}, {{W|tr|haddeden geçirmek}}, {{W|tr|konsantre etmek|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|üzerine yoğunlaşmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|üstüne yoğunlaşmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|ıcığını cıcığını çıkarmak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|odaklanmak}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>0d4kx1ymsed94entv9gb7ikch3i6qhq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>post-</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>290665</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291431</id>
      <parentid>6119896</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Pêşgir */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291431</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1517" sha1="q9uwko0l6ve0q09okd0r607m00npgf5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|de}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
:{{ku-tîp|post-}}

=== Pêşgir ===
{{pêşgir|de}}
# [[pêşgir]]eke ku bo peyvên ji latînî tê bikaranîn û maneya [[pişt]], [[piştre]] dide peyvekê
#: {{nm|de|[[Postposiion|'''Post'''position]]|-}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-YassineChaouche-post-.wav|Deng|dever=Cezayir}}

=== Pêşgir ===
{{pêşgir|en}}
# [[pêşgir]]eke ku bo peyvan tê bikaranîn û maneya [[pişt]], [[piştre]] dide peyvekê
#: {{dijmane|en|pre-|ante-}}

==== Jê ====
{{pêşgirbibîne|en}}
{{kol3|en
|post-boost phase
|post-op
|post-polio syndrome
|postaxial
|postbellum
|postcoital
|postclassical
|postcolonial
|postconsumer
|postcranial
|postdate
|postdiluvian
|postdoc
|postdoctoral
|postembryonic
|postexilic
|postfix
|postfrontal
|postganglionic
|postglacial
|postgraduate
|posthaste
|posthole
|posthumous
|posthypnotic suggestion
|postidentity
|postimpressionism
|postindustrial
|postlux
|postmenopausal
|postmenstrual
|postmeridian
|postmillenarian
|postmillenarianism
|postmillennial
|postmillennialism
|postmodern
|postmortem
|postnasal
|post-nasal drip
|postnatal
|postnuptial
|postoperative
|postorbital
|postpartum
|postpone
|postpose
|postposition
|postpositive
|postprandial
|postproduction
|postscript
|postseason
|postsecular
|poststructuralism
|postsynaptic
|posttenebras
|posttest
|posttranscriptional
|posttransfusion
|posttranslational
|posttraumatic
|postvertebral
|postvocalic
|postwar
|piscicapture
|piscicide
|pisciculture
}}</text>
      <sha1>q9uwko0l6ve0q09okd0r607m00npgf5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>omni-</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>290667</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291432</id>
      <parentid>6097757</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Pêşgir */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291432</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="586" sha1="2qt2d2tbuioxj0ypnlu884lm9gdx3zo" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|de}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-herf|omnî}}

=== Pêşgir ===
{{pêşgir|de}}
# [[pêşgir]]eke ku bo peyvên ji latînî tê bikaranîn û maneya [[hemû]] dide peyvekê
#: {{nm|de|[[Omnibus|'''Omni'''bus]]|-}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Pêşgir ===
{{pêşgir|en}}
# [[pêşgir]]eke maneya [[hemû]] an [[giş]] dide peyvekê

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|en|cure=Jê
|omniarch
|omnibus
|omnidirectional
|omnifarious
|omnigraph
|omniomni
|omnipotence
|omnipotent
|omnipresence
|omnipresent
|omni-range
|omniscience
|omniscient
|omnisexual
|omnishambles
|omnivore
|omnivorous
}}</text>
      <sha1>2qt2d2tbuioxj0ypnlu884lm9gdx3zo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>296503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291433</id>
      <parentid>6097319</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291433</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1835" sha1="ea9lampgo9surcfl02s10bgt4hktlfu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# xwarina kuçikan
#: {{nm|ku|Qîzê kuçik diewtin, gelo birçî ne? We îro '''laka''' wan dayê?}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Tê gotin ku ji rûsî hatiye zimanê kurdî.

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku
|lak bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lak kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|lakbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lakkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|lakbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|lakkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Hundefutter|n}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نان سگ}}, {{W+|fa|شاخ کوچک}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|nourriture pour chien}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|dog food}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|köpek maması}}, {{W+|tr|disk}}, {{W+|tr|vıcık}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ht}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ht}}
# {{mijar|ht|av}} {{g|ku|gol}}, {{g|ku|deryaçe}}, {{g|ku|gol}}a {{g|ku|av}}ê

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|ht|gol}}

== {{ziman|mfe}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|mfe}}
# {{mijar|mfe|av}} {{g|ku|gol}}, {{g|ku|deryaçe}}, {{g|ku|gol}}a {{g|ku|av}}ê

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|mfe|gol}}

== {{ziman|sh}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|sh}}
# [[sivik#ku|sivik]]

== {{ziman|sk}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|sk|z=n}}
# {{g|ku|boyax}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|sk|boyax}}

== {{ziman|vec}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|vec|z=n}}
# {{mijar|vec|av}} {{g|ku|gol}}, {{g|ku|deryaçe}}, {{g|ku|gol}}a {{g|ku|av}}ê

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|vec|gol}}

== {{ziman|vo}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|vo}}
# {{mijar|vo|av}} {{g|ku|gol}}, {{g|ku|deryaçe}}, {{g|ku|gol}}a {{g|ku|av}}ê

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|vo|gol}}

== {{ziman|wa}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|wa|z=n}}
# {{mijar|wa|av}} {{g|ku|gol}}, {{g|ku|deryaçe}}, {{g|ku|gol}}a {{g|ku|av}}ê

=== Çavkanî ===
{{rûpela wergerê|wa|gol}}</text>
      <sha1>ea9lampgo9surcfl02s10bgt4hktlfu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>derbasdar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>312868</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291434</id>
      <parentid>6279962</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291434</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="838" sha1="dud6lwc7uzyc8hfu45vydtc9o8c7n6m" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[miteber]], [[hêja]], [[nirxdar]], [[maqûl]], [[meqbûl]]&lt;/br&gt;
#: {{nm|ku|Ev rûpel dê were betalkirin, ji ber ku ev ne gotareke '''derbasdar''' a Wîkîferhengê ye.}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|nederbasdar}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|derbas bûn}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|derbasdar bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|derbasdarbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|derbasdarî
|derbasdarbûn
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|bündig|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|vergänglich|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|valid}}, {{W+|en|in use|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|transitive|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|geçerli}}, {{W+|tr|makbul}}, {{W+|tr|meri}}, {{W+|tr|muteber}}, {{W|tr|mer'î|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>dud6lwc7uzyc8hfu45vydtc9o8c7n6m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rûbirû</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>341488</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291435</id>
      <parentid>6237419</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291435</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1190" sha1="c4twonh5zl6zkuri7h9syi2o6v9gr8x" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
&lt;!-- * {{ku-IPA}} --&gt;
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[beramberî|Beramberî]], li [[hember]], li def êk.
#: {{nm|ku|Min nevêt bi telefonê digel te biaxivim, lê min divêt te '''rûbirû''' bibînim û bibêjim te.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|rûbirû kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rû bi rû bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|rûbirûbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|rûbirûkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|rû|bi|rû}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|frontal|guman=erê}}, {{W-|de|von Angesicht zu Angesicht|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|وجهاً لوجه}}, {{W-|ar|شخصياً}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روبرو}}, {{W+|fa|مقایسه}}, {{W-|fa|روبرو مقایسه}}, {{W-|fa|روبه رو|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|رودررو|guman=erê}}, {{W+|fa|متقابل}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|face to face}}, {{W+|en|in person}}, {{W+|en|reciprocal|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|karşılıklı}}, {{W+|tr|karşı karşıya}}, {{W+|tr|yüz yüze}}, {{W+|tr|yüzleşmece|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|burun buruna|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|faça façaya|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yüz be yüz|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>c4twonh5zl6zkuri7h9syi2o6v9gr8x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>şeqîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>341932</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291437</id>
      <parentid>6266371</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291437</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1197" sha1="spkvsi03xoh8hwy1dgzw459j55trmet" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|leqîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=şeq|borî=şeqî|borî2=şeqiya}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}
# [[derizîn]], [[kelişîn]], [[qelişîn]], [[qeyişîn]], [[telişîn]]
#{{f|ku|dengê siriştî}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Şeqîna''' keviran dihat.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|شه‌قین}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|zerplatzen}}, {{W+|de|zerreissen}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|şeqîn|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bêwate|ku}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Abriss}}, {{W-|de|Bersten|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pursuit}}, {{W+|en|pop|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|amplitude modulation|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|chasing|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|pursuing|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çakıldama}}, {{W+|tr|çakıldamak}}, {{W+|tr|sapmak}}, {{W+|tr|şakımak}}, {{W+|tr|şaklama}}, {{W+|tr|şangırdama}}, {{W+|tr|tırınk}}, {{W+|tr|şakıma}}, {{W+|tr|şangırdamak}}, {{W+|tr|kükremek|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|şakırdama|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>spkvsi03xoh8hwy1dgzw459j55trmet</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pêpes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>341978</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291438</id>
      <parentid>6125768</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291438</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="576" sha1="237g1s7qknll44zaom1v19vjjxsz1su" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|pêpes|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Tiştekê bêxî bin pêya û serda hatûçûyê bike.
# {{hevmane|ku|dewisandin|tepisandin|pestandin}}
#: {{nm|ku|Min ew hirî '''pêpes''' kir.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pêpes kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêpes bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|pêpeskirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|pêpesbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|pê|pest}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|لگدمال کردن}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|basma}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>237g1s7qknll44zaom1v19vjjxsz1su</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nîvend</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>342256</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290811</id>
      <parentid>6290806</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T13:06:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>([[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Jon Harald Søby/diffedit|diffedit]])</comment>
      <origin>6290811</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="303" sha1="lopb393u6dpoiug156cg9lac6h9e2zv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[fokûs]], [[sotek]], [[gerû]], [[mihraq]], [[mişraq]], [[nîskok]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qf|ku|nîv|-end}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|merkez}}, {{W+|tr|odak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>lopb393u6dpoiug156cg9lac6h9e2zv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>fehs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>344001</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291439</id>
      <parentid>6280977</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291439</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="539" sha1="flv69lvyj5qu8f3jm78j3apst415brq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/fɛhs/}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|fehs|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[teftîş]], [[pişkinîn]], [[venerîn]], [[saxtî]], [[taqî]], [[ezmûn]], [[azmayîş]], [[kontrol]], [[vekolîn]], [[lêkolîn]], [[miayene]]
#: {{nm|ku|Wextê em anîn Almanyayê doxtoran '''fehsê''' me girtin.}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|fehs kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|fehskirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>flv69lvyj5qu8f3jm78j3apst415brq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêkelpik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>375630</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291440</id>
      <parentid>6166334</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291440</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="266" sha1="01g1hh7awsc075a487xq1tz9nn2ybvf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[bêximîre]]
#: {{nm|ku|Arê bêkelpik.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bê-|kelpik}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|kepeksiz}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>01g1hh7awsc075a487xq1tz9nn2ybvf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vizînî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>380604</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291441</id>
      <parentid>6169993</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291441</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="387" sha1="7c4irczozt0kcit49eocirmog5fov54" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|vizînî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|dengê siriştî}} [[wîzînî]]
#: {{nm|ku|Dengê bayê '''vizînî''' dikir.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|vizîn|-î}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|drone}}, {{W+|en|zip}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|vızıltı}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7c4irczozt0kcit49eocirmog5fov54</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>texim</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>431187</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291442</id>
      <parentid>6288580</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291442</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="377" sha1="0kysaoa5d0tzktsadx28q39wwrvbf5w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[herem]], [[dever]], [[herêm]], [[derdor]], [[dem]], [[texmîn]]
#: {{nm|ku|Wa zarok li wê '''texima''' hanê ji xwe re dileyizin.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di '''texima''' saet çaran de wê bihên.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>0kysaoa5d0tzktsadx28q39wwrvbf5w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bikenk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>432481</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291443</id>
      <parentid>6099599</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291443</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="290" sha1="4k0uptbk44tzefyzzw12exgwrkqjz5a" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bikenk|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bikelk]]
#: {{nm|ku|porê '''bikenk'''}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}} : {{W+|tr|kepekli}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>4k0uptbk44tzefyzzw12exgwrkqjz5a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>awişt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>437586</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291444</id>
      <parentid>6277616</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291444</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2210" sha1="k5g8lsuu43j37yby6j5c723qyjk59he" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|awişt}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[lejîtîm]], [[heq]], [[rast]], [[dirist]]
#: {{nm|ku|Serxwebûna Kurdistanê mafekî '''awişt''' yê gelê kurd e.}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Kengī qīma wan dixwaze wź gavź derī li gelan vedikin ū heq ū hiqūqź wan źn '''awişt''' ū rewa, wekī şīvmiriyan li wan belav dikin.|nivîskar=Adar Jiyan|sernav=CIVAK Ū DEMOKRASĪ|url=http://www.amude.net/nivis/nivis20/adarjiyan.html|malper=amude.net|dîrok=21.09.2002}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=xweyîmaneke evrarî me&lt;br&gt;ji bo Xweda yekî mîtolojîk&lt;br&gt;recm kirina min&lt;br&gt;bi kevirên îsrayê '''awişt''' e&lt;br&gt;hêdî hêdî ditemirim&lt;br&gt;hêdî hêdî têk dim|nivîskar=Elyesa Kaya|sernav=Hêdî hêdî|url=https://elyesakaya.blogspot.com/2017/09/hedi-hedi-dileki-bi-esqa-moriye-dagirti.html|malper=elyesakaya.blogspot.com|dîrok=26.09.2017}}

==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rewan}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|awiştî
|awiştane
|dijawiştî
|rewa bûn&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|rewa kirin&lt;q:lêker&gt;
|rewabûn&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|rewakirin&lt;q:navdêr&gt;
|rewabûyî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
|rewakirî&lt;q:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|angemessen}}, {{W+|de|gebührlich}}, {{W+|de|echt}}, {{W+|de|würdig}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|legal}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|absah}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|rajta}}, {{W-|eo|legitima}}, {{W-|eo|laŭleĝa}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|legitiimi}}, {{W+|fi|oikeutettu}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|légitime}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|rechtmatig}}, {{W+|nl|echt}}, {{W+|nl|legitiem}}, {{W+|nl|wettig}}, {{W+|nl|gewettigd}}, {{W+|nl|legaal}}, {{W+|nl|wettelijk}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|legitimate}}, {{W+|en|lawful}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|legal}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|legal}}, {{W+|pt|lícito}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|rättslig}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|meşru}}, {{W+|tr|reva}}, {{W-|tr|yakışır}}, {{W+|tr|yerinde}}, {{W+|tr|uygun}}, {{W+|tr|gönen}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|awişt|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[nêm]], [[kêm]], [[tewlis]], [[şilî]], [[ritubat]], [[nem]], [[rewek]], [[neyam]], [[tên]]

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|rewayî}}</text>
      <sha1>k5g8lsuu43j37yby6j5c723qyjk59he</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bera dan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>447800</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291445</id>
      <parentid>6246579</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291445</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1516" sha1="oakq2u3ynslt8rc0sv5uq1xwdwyadnn" xml:space="preserve">{{bnr-n|beradan}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|bera dan|form=gerguhêz|niha=d|borî=da|pêşgir=bera|valahî=erê}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh}}, {{r-ya req}}
# [[qewirandin|Qewirandin]], [[derxistin]], [[derkirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Hêda '''bera min da'''.|Hêda ez [[qewirandin|qewirandim]] / [[derxistin|xistim der]].|rêz=1}}
# [[têk birin|Têk birin]], [[jê birin]], [[zora (yekî) birin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Zîlanê di kişikê de '''bera min da'''.|Wê ez [[têk birin|têk birim]]}}
# [[dagirtin|Dagirtin]], tiştekî şilî kirin di tiştekî.
#: {{nm|ku|Min av '''bera beroşê da'''.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Te agir '''bera''' nav dilê min '''da'''.|mecazî}}
# [[belav kirin|Belav kirin]], hiştin ku belav bibe.
#: {{nm|ku|Min pez '''bera''' nav zozanê '''da'''.}}
# {{deştî}} [[gule berdan|Gule berdan]], [[teqe kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Nêçîrvanî bi tifengê '''bera''' askê '''da'''.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) yekî ji wan bi demançeya xwe '''bera''' wî '''bidaya''' (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Ciwanmerd Kulek/Zemanekî li Sê Welatan}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[berî dan]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|bera|dan}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|besiegen}}, {{W+|de|entlassen}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شکست دادن}}, {{W-|fa|معزول کردن}}, {{W-|fa|منفصل کردن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fire}}, {{W+|en|dismiss}}, {{W+|en|defeat}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ateş etmek}}, {{W+|tr|kovmak}}, {{W+|tr|yenmek}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>oakq2u3ynslt8rc0sv5uq1xwdwyadnn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>li kû</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>453930</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291446</id>
      <parentid>6180670</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291446</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6586" sha1="sgim414138v0bmush72nkpppw5azvgn" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# li [[kîjan]] [[der]]ê, li [[çi]] [[cih]]î:
#: {{nm|ku|Tu li kû bûyî?}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew li kû ne?}}

==== Têkildarî ====
* [[di kû de]]
* [[di kû re]]
* [[ji kû]]
* [[ji kû ve]]
* [[kû de]]
* [[kû ve]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji ''[[li]] + [[kû]]''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|waar}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|ku}}
* {{Z|arc}}: {{W-|arc|איכא|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|ónde}}
* {{Z|ask}}: {{W-|ask|kū̃}}, {{W-|ask|koňo}}
* {{Z|awa}}: {{W-|awa|कहां}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|harada}}, {{W-|az|hanı}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|কোথায়|sc=Beng}}, {{W-|bn|যেখানে|sc=Beng}}
* {{Z|bqi}}: {{W-|bqi|کوجه|tr=kōje|sc=fa-Arab}}
* {{Z|bho}}: {{W-|bho|कहां}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|къде́}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ဘယ်|sc=Mymr}}, {{W+|my|ပဇာ|sc=Mymr}}
* {{Z|ccc}}: {{W-|ccc|na'yeni}}
* {{Z|ch}}: {{W-|ch|manu}}
* {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎭᏢ}}
* {{Z|ny}}: {{W-|ny|pati}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|哪裡//哪裏//哪里|tr=naa5 leoi5}}, {{W-|yue|邊度|tr=bin1 dou6}}, {{W-|yue|邊處|tr=bin1 syu3}} 
*: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|нани}}, {{W-|dng|натар}}
*: {{Z|hak}}: {{W-|hak|哪仔}}, {{W-|hak|哪位}}
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|哪裡//哪裏//哪里|tr=nǎlǐ, nǎli}}, {{W+|cmn|哪兒|tr=nǎr}}, {{W+|cmn|哪|tr=nǎ}} 
*: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|佗位|tr=tó-ūi, tōe, toeh, toh-ūi}}, {{W+|nan|佗|tr=toh, tah, tio̍h}}, {{W-|nan|佗落|tr=tó-lo̍h}}, {{W-|nan|佗位仔|tr=tá-ūi-á}}
* {{Z|cv}}: {{W-|cv|ӑҫта|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|hvor}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W-|id|[[ke]] [[mana]]}}, {{W-|id|[[di]] [[mana]]}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|أَيْن|sc=Arab|tr=ʔayna, ʔayn}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|فين|tr=fēn}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|وَيْن|tr=wēn}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|فين|tr=fēn}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|فين|tr=fīn}}, {{W-|ary|فاين|tr=fāyen}}, {{W-|ary|وين|tr=wīn}}
*: {{Z|ars}}: {{W-|ars|وَيْن|tr=wēn}}
*: {{Z|apc}}: {{W-|apc|وَيْن|tr=wayn, wēn}}
*: {{Z|ajp}}: {{W-|ajp|وَيْن|tr=wēn}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|որտեղ}}, {{W+|hy|ուր}}
*: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|յո}}, {{W-|xcl|ուր}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kie}}, {{W+|eo|kien}}, {{W-|eo|de kie}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kus}}
* {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|иду}}
* {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|иду}}
* {{Z|fan}}: {{W-|fan|ve}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کجا|tr=kojâ}}, {{W+|fa|کو|tr=ku}}
* {{Z|hif}}: {{W-|hif|kahaan}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|missä}}
* {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|ou}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|où}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|wêr}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|càite}}, {{W-|gd|cà}} 
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|onde}}
* {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍈𐌰𐍂}}, {{W-|got|𐍈𐌰𐌳𐍂𐌴}}, {{W-|got|𐍈𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|სად}}, {{W-|ka|საით}}, {{W-|ka|საიდან}}
* {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|aia i hea}}
* {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|hindu}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|कहाँ}}, {{W+|hi|किधर}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|diin}}
* {{Z|ibg}}: {{W-|ibg|sitaw}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מאין|tr=mei-ayin|sc=Hebr}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|ube}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|where}}
* {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|kus}}, {{W-|izh|mis}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|ubi}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|cá}}, {{W-|ga|cá háit}}, {{W-|ga|cén áit}}
*: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|cía airm}}, {{W-|sga|cairm}}, {{W-|sga|cía dú}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|dove}} 
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|hvar}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|何処|tr=どこ, doko|sc=Jpan}}, {{W+|ja|どこ|tr=doko|sc=Jpan}}, {{W-|ja|どうなる|tr=dō naru|sc=Jpan}}
* {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|sumi}}
* {{Z|bsh}}: {{W-|bsh|kuiua}}, {{W-|bsh|kora}}
* {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|nokarin}}, {{W-|pam|nukarin}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|on}}
* {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|may}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|кайда}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|කෝ|sc=Sinh}}, {{W-|si|කොහිද|sc=Sinh}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|źo}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|어디}}
* {{Z|rop}}: {{W-|rop|weya}}
* {{Z|kri}}: {{W-|kri|usay}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|kur}}, {{W-|ltg|kimā}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|ubi}}, {{W+|la|quo}}, {{W+|la|unde}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|kur}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ທີ່ໃດ}}, {{W-|lo|ໃສ}}, {{W-|lo|ຢູ່ໃສ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|kur}}
* {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|andaw}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|каде}}
* {{Z|mg}}: {{W+|mg|aiza}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|di mana}}, {{W-|ms|ke mana}}, {{W-|ms|dari mana}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|fejn}}
* {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠶᠠᠪᠠ}}, {{W-|mnc|ᠠᠪᠠ}}
* {{Z|mns-nor}}: {{W-|mns-nor|хо̄т}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hea}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|कुठे}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|hol}}
* {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хаашаа|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W+|mn|хаана|sc=Cyrl}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|cān}}
* {{Z|nci}}: {{W-|nci|can}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|háadi}}, {{W-|nv|háájí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|hvor}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|kor}}, {{W+|nn|kvar}}
* {{Z|os}}: {{W-|os|кӕм}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|qayerda}}
* {{Z|pag}}: {{W-|pag|iner}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|چېرې|sc=ps-Arab}}
* {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|kan}}, {{W-|ppl|can}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|onde}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W+|kk|қайда}}
* {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|nua}}
* {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|kaj}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|unde}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|कू|tr=kū́}}, {{W+|sa|कुत्र|tr=kútra}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|где}}, {{W-|sh|гдје}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|gde}}, {{W+|sh|gdje}}
* {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠇꠥꠘꠣꠘꠧ}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|whaur}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|dónde}}
* {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|timanten}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|wapi}}
* {{Z|zdj}}: {{W-|zdj|nɗa}}, {{W-|zdj|nɗahu}}
* {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|қайда|tr=qayda}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|куҷо}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|saan}}
* {{Z|tly}}: {{W-|tly|کیا|tr=kiâ|sc=fa-Arab}}
* {{Z|shi}}: {{W-|shi|ⵎⴰⵏⵉ}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W-|th|ที่ไหน}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఎక్కడ}}
* {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|qayda}}, {{W-|crh|qayerde}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|кайда}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tr|nerede}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|nirede}}
* {{Z|tum}}: {{W-|tum|nkhuni}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|کہاں|tr=kahā̃}}, {{W-|ur|کِدَھر|tr=kidhar}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W-|vi|ở đâu}}
* {{Z|wbk}}: {{W-|wbk|kiv}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|ha-in}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|man}}, {{W-|cy|ble}}, {{W+|cy|lle}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ឯណា|tr=ae naa|sc=Khmr}}, {{W+|km|ណា|tr=naa|sc=Khmr}}
* {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|ку}}
* {{Z|sah}}: {{W-|sah|ханна}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וווּ}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|πού}}
* {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|waer}}
* {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|gizlawz}}
* {{Z|ase}}: {{W-|ase|1@Side-PalmForward SmallSidetoside}}
{{werger-bin}}

:{{werger çavkanî|en|where|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75626591}}</text>
      <sha1>sgim414138v0bmush72nkpppw5azvgn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>neolojîzm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>455463</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291447</id>
      <parentid>6118871</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291447</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2941" sha1="6oysrioyc095olj0jvmjxqg4u9hk0fj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|neolojîzm|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|zimannasî}} [[kelîme|Kelîme]] yan [[tabîr]]eke ku [[nû]] hatiye [[çêkirin]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|nûpeyv}}
#: {{nm|ku|Kelîmeya &quot;rexnefobî&quot; '''neolojîzmek''' e.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{navmiletî|ku}} bide ber {{deyn|fr|ku|néologisme}} û {{deyn|en|ku|neologism}}, taliyê ji {{ji|grc|ku|νέος||nû}} + {{q|grc|λόγος||kelîme}} + {{paş|ku|-îzm}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Neologismus|n}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|neologismo}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|nevezc'her|n}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|неологизъм|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|novotvar|n}}, {{W+|cs|neologismus|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|新詞語|tr=xīncíyǔ}}, {{W+|cmn|新詞|tr=xīncí}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|neologisme|g}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|مُوَلَّدَة|m}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|նորաբանություն}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|neologismo}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|uudissõna}}, {{W+|et|neologism}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نوواژه|tr=now-vâže}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|nýggjyrði|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W-|fi|uudismuodoste}}, {{W+|fi|uudissana}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|néologisme|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|neoloxismo|n}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W+|ka|ნეოლოგიზმი}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|neologisme|nt}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|תַּחְדִּישׁ|tr=takhdish}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|neologism}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|nuafhocal|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|neologismo|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|nýyrði|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|新語|tr=しんご, shingo}}, {{W-|ja|新造語|tr=しんぞうご, shinzōgo}}, {{W+|ja|造語|tr=ぞうご, zōgo}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|neologisme|n}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|신어}}, {{W+|ko|신조어}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|neologismus|n}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|jaunvārds|n}}, {{W-|lv|neoloģisms|n}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|naujadaras|n}}, {{W-|lt|neologizmas|n}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|новотвореница|m}}, {{W-|mk|неологизам|n}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|noa-ockle|n}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|neologizmus}}, {{W-|hu|[[új]] [[szó]]}}, {{W-|hu|[[újonnan]] [[alkotott]] [[szó]]}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|neologisme|n}}, {{W-|no|nyord|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|neologisme|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|neologizm|n}}, {{W-|pl|nowosłów|n}}, {{W-|pl|nowosłowie|nt}}, {{W+|pl|nowotwór|n}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|neologismo|n}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|[[жаңа]] [[сөз]]}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|neologism|nt}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|неологи́зм|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}: {{W+|sh|neologizam|n}}, {{W+|sh|novotvorenica|m}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|neologismo|n}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|neologism|g}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|yenici deyim}}
* {{Z|udm}}: {{W-|udm|вылькыл}}
* {{Z|wa}}: {{W+|wa|noûmot|n}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|newyddair|n}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|νεολογισμός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|neologism|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=84746954}}</text>
      <sha1>6oysrioyc095olj0jvmjxqg4u9hk0fj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>elibêtik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>455561</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290855</id>
      <parentid>6257312</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:39:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js|TS]]: sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290855</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1991" sha1="bgzjmo3zk6xl1ubszzdlgey5e4bom2h" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[hemû|Hemû]] [[herf]]ên [[ziman]]ekî. 
#: {{hevmane|ku|hirûf|abece|ebced}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|alfabet
|alfabêt
|elfabe
|elîfba
|elîfbê
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|alfabandin
|alfabandî
|alfabetîk
|alfabetîkî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|el}} ''alfa'' (= [[a]], [[elîf]]) û ''beta'' (= [[b]])

==== Binêre herwiha ====
{{Alfabeyên kurdî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W|sq|alfabeti}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Alphabet|n}}
* {{Z|arc}}: {{W|arc|ܐܠܦܒܝܬ}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W|ast|alfabetu}}
* {{Z|bm}}: {{W|bm|sigini}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|lizherenneg}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|abeceda|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: {{W|zh|字母|R=zìmǔ}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|abjad}} ; {{W|id|alfabet}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|أبجدية}} (ebcediye)
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W|hy|այբուբեն|R=aybuben}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|alfabeto}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|الفبا|R=ālfabā}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|aakkoset}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|alphabet}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W|ka|ანბანი|R=anbani}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|alfabetl}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W|he|אלפבית|R=alpabyt}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W|io|alfabeto}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|alphabet}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W|it|alfabeto}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W|is|stafróf}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|アルファベット|R=arufabetto}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W|ca|alfabet}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W|swb|alifuɓe}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|알파벳|R=alpabet}}
* {{Z|kw}}: {{W|kw|lytherennek}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|alphabetum}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W|lv|alfabēts}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|abėcėlė}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W|lb|alphabet}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W|hu|ábécé}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W|pl|alfabet}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|alfabeto|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|алфавит|R=alfavit}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W|sk|abeceda|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|alfabeto|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W|sw|alfabeti}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|alfabe}}, {{W|tr|yazı}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W|cy|gwyddor}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|αλφάβητο|R=alfávito}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bgzjmo3zk6xl1ubszzdlgey5e4bom2h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rutûwandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>455927</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291448</id>
      <parentid>6098393</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291448</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="227" sha1="2up10vx5rz96mbv39wgu5f238wp9221" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|sdh}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|sdh|sc=Latn}}
# {{şêxbizinî}} bu dû biraştin
#: {{nm|ku|Îme îmsal masîyel '''rutûwandîn'''.|sc=Latn}}

==== Tewîn ====
-rutûwin-

==== Jê ====
* rutûwanig 
* rutûwiyag</text>
      <sha1>2up10vx5rz96mbv39wgu5f238wp9221</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vîrgul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>456829</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291449</id>
      <parentid>6246540</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291449</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="855" sha1="f1ngokwv0qo0k2duu41h9mec6bi618w" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|vîrgul|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Nîşana &quot;, &quot; yan navbera hin kelîme yan hejmaran.
#: {{hevmane|ku|bêhnok|koma}}
#: {{nm|ku|Vîrgul di navbera wan hejmaran de hene: yek, [[du]], [[sê]], çar...}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jg=Ez ji bo bîrewerîya Kamilê Reşo dikevime nava deftera bîrewerîyên xwe, ku min di sala 1985’ê da dema kû pêşmerge bûm, nivîsîye û dixwazim her weku destnîvîsa wî demî hatî nivîsin dest li nuqte û '''virgula''' wê nivîsa xwe nedim û 26 sala berî nihe min çawa nivîsîye her wusa pêşkêşî we bikim.|Dengeazad.com 2/2011}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|vîrgûl}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|fr|ku|virgule}} ji {{ji|la|ku|virgula}} ji {{q|la|virga|t=[[çeq]]}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|bêhnok}}</text>
      <sha1>f1ngokwv0qo0k2duu41h9mec6bi618w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>geft</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>459945</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291450</id>
      <parentid>6281388</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291450</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1929" sha1="gjrhs7ckw56luzmcep6xtfump37v9fw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
'''li xwe mukir hatin''':
# [[itiraf]] kirin, [[îqrar]] kirin, [[gotin]] ku [[rast]] e, [[pesind]] kirin, [[pejirandin]]
#: {{nm|ku|Ez '''geft''' dikim ku ez jî nizanim.}}

===== Jê =====
{{kol3|ku
|geft kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|geft&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|geftkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|geftkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|vegeftin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
'''li xwe mikur hatin''':
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|bieg}}, {{W+|af|beken}}, {{W+|af|bely}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|anerkennen}}, {{W+|de|beichten}}, {{W+|de|gestehen}}, {{W+|de|eingestehen}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bekende}}, {{W+|da|skrifte}}, {{W+|da|tilstå}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|konfespreni}}, {{W+|eo|konfesi}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|اقرار}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|vátta}}, {{W+|fo|ganga við}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|myöntää}}, {{W+|fi|tunnustaa}}
* {{Z|fy}}: {{W+|fy|bekenne}}, {{W+|fy|bychtsje}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|de biecht afnemen}}, {{W+|nl|bekennen}}, {{W+|nl|biechten}}, {{W+|nl|erkennen}}, {{W+|nl|toegeven}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|admit}}, to {{W+|en|confess}}, to {{W+|en|profess}}, to {{W+|en|acknowledge}}, to {{W+|en|concede}}, to {{W+|en|avow}}, {{W+|en|recognition}}, {{W+|en|quarrelsome}}, {{W+|en|gluttonous}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|confessare}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|játa}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|confessar}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|mengaku}}
* {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|tilstå}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|konfesá}}, {{W+|pap|rekonosé}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wyznawać}}, {{W+|pl|przyznawać się}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|confessar}}, {{W+|pt|professar}}, {{W+|pt|reconhecer}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|confesar}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|bekänna}}, {{W+|sv|bikta}}, {{W+|sv|skrifta sig}}
* {{Z|tr}}: [[itiraf]] [[etmek]], [[ikrar]] [[etmek]], {{W+|tr|bilinen}}, {{W+|tr|tanınan}}, {{W+|tr|maruf}}, {{W|tr|laf|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gjrhs7ckw56luzmcep6xtfump37v9fw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>agir berdan dil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>464902</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291451</id>
      <parentid>6181204</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291451</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="290" sha1="dlu88wf4m79u1mdvq0c7uh54xm00a03" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# [[evîndarî|Evîndarî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Keçikê '''agir berda dilê''' min.}}
# Mirov dema zêde li ber kesekî bikeve.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Te agir berda dilê min.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Amed Tîgrîs}}</text>
      <sha1>dlu88wf4m79u1mdvq0c7uh54xm00a03</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>agir ji dev barîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>464927</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291452</id>
      <parentid>6181226</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291452</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="858" sha1="rqmw51yf7jr5qmpbl880xkak7qpsfdf" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Birçîbûneke zêde.
#: {{nm|ku|Min ji do êvarê ve xwarin nexwariye, agir ji devê min dibare.}}
# Ji bo kesê ku ji tiştekî pir hêrs bûne tê gotin.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Piştî ew belavoka ku me di derheqê kontr gerîla de belav kir, agir ji devê polîs dibare.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Amed Tîgrîs}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|ateş kesilmek|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|sap yiyip saman sıçmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|dumanı tepesine çıkmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|volkan gibi patlamak|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|babaları tutmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|marmara çırası gibi tutuşmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|öfke tepeme çıkmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|sap yer saman savurur|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|sap yer saman sıçar|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>rqmw51yf7jr5qmpbl880xkak7qpsfdf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>anîna îmanê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>464976</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291453</id>
      <parentid>6181264</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291453</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="329" sha1="n9lg086lnyoqza8ayi9fvzbwrpxmnsq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Zêde [[aciz kirin]].
#: {{nm|ku|Vî lawikê êdî me '''aniye îmanê'''!}}
# [[terbîye kirin]], [[teslîm standin]]&lt;ref&gt;Ferhenga Biwêjan, Amed Tîgrîs&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>n9lg086lnyoqza8ayi9fvzbwrpxmnsq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>peykan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>467015</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291521</id>
      <parentid>6230699</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:00:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kurmancî */</comment>
      <origin>6291521</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="513" sha1="6om98u6ywq6jh8bw230sm73xs6maa5b" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|ku|peygan}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Sed nişab in min di dil îro ji xarên sorgulan&lt;br&gt;Yek bi yek '''peykan''' çevî bûn çûne cergê da kulab&lt;br&gt;Pir bi wan curhan xwe têr in lew ko dî derman dikir|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Neko wek teyr ji mijên te bibarin '''peykan'''&lt;/br&gt;Ji birînên di dilî şubhetê xirbal-i çi hez|{{Jîgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî}}}}</text>
      <sha1>6om98u6ywq6jh8bw230sm73xs6maa5b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291522</id>
      <parentid>6291521</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:00:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Navdêr */</comment>
      <origin>6291522</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="513" sha1="n7687zo62qid3z4e9skc9z397nslti6" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|ku|peygan}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Sed nişab in min di dil îro ji xarên sorgulan&lt;br&gt;Yek bi yek '''peykan''' çevî bûn çûne cergê da kulab&lt;br&gt;Pir bi wan curhan xwe têr in lew ko dî derman dikir|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Neko wek teyr ji mijên te bibarin '''peykan'''&lt;/br&gt;Ji birînên di dilî şubhetê xirbal-i çi hez|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî}}}}</text>
      <sha1>n7687zo62qid3z4e9skc9z397nslti6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291523</id>
      <parentid>6291522</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:09:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[User:Keyomerd]] ev şablon wisa jî dixebite ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Jon Harald Søby/diffedit|diffedit]])</comment>
      <origin>6291523</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="485" sha1="qyc1dvex3yx2tzrbvo34hki5tl17j9g" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{guharto|ku|peygan}}
#* {{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî|jêgirtin=Sed nişab in min di dil îro ji xarên sorgulan&lt;br&gt;Yek bi yek '''peykan''' çevî bûn çûne cergê da kulab&lt;br&gt;Pir bi wan curhan xwe têr in lew ko dî derman dikir}}
#* {{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî|jêgirtin=Neko wek teyr ji mijên te bibarin '''peykan'''&lt;/br&gt;Ji birînên di dilî şubhetê xirbal-i çi hez}}</text>
      <sha1>qyc1dvex3yx2tzrbvo34hki5tl17j9g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>germkerê serşokê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>518852</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291454</id>
      <parentid>6105760</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291454</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="477" sha1="gu5z5i90tuokp1emsk1zhv5xqqcusgg" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[alav]]eke di serşokan de ku [[kareb]]ê [[guherandin|diguherîne]] u dike [[germatî]]; alaveke bu [[germ kirin]]a [[av]]ê tê [[bikaranîn]]
#: {{hevmane|ku|hîterê hemamê}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Germkerê serşoka''' me ya mal yê xirab bûyî, lazime ez evrû biçim ekê dî bikirm.}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|heating element}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gu5z5i90tuokp1emsk1zhv5xqqcusgg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>di gel rêzgirtinê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>519681</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291455</id>
      <parentid>6182823</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291455</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="668" sha1="awgcf1fnxvxjr2229nn2tr71l5ffd80" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Di gel rêz û silavan, [[rêz]] û [[silav]], silavên germ, [[gotin]]ekê li [[dumahî|dumahiya]] [[name]]yan û formên fermî tê [[nivîsîn]] bo [[diyar kirin]]a [[rêzgirtin]]ê li kesê/a [[beramber]].
#: {{nm|ku|Bo mamosta Alî zor berêz &lt;br&gt; Babet: Daxwazî &lt;br&gt; Ez qutabî X daxwazê ji cenabê hewe dikem ku ruja 5 şembî destûriyê bidene min ji bo karekê fer. &lt;br&gt;   '''Di gel rêzgirtinê'''}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
[[di gel]] + [[rêzgirtin]] + [[-ê]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}} : {{W|ar|kind regards}}, {{W|ar|your sincerely}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>awgcf1fnxvxjr2229nn2tr71l5ffd80</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rûnûs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>519744</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291456</id>
      <parentid>6256431</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291456</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="733" sha1="n44yx7kmi7pr1uekgkz2rkx4vjsj8iw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}, {{bilêv|r|req}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|sormancî|purîzm}} [[kopî|Kopî]], [[nisxe]], [[libergirtî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Min ew kaxez '''rûnûs''' kir.|rêz=1|Min ew kaxez kopî kir.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Rûnûseka wî bide me.|rêz=1|Kopiyeka wî bide me.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|rûnivîs}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|libergirtin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ckb|ku|ڕوونووس|tr=rûnûs}} ji {{ji|fa|ku|رونویس}}.

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|ڕوونووس}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|نسخة}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|copy}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|kopya}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>n44yx7kmi7pr1uekgkz2rkx4vjsj8iw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>binê xwe şil kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>578426</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291457</id>
      <parentid>6099607</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291457</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="553" sha1="q9h1aw29o84jqdcrezuhu0lt7t9cm39" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-gh}}
# [[sûc|Sûcek]] kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Ew jî dizane ku wî '''binê xwe şil kiriye'''.}}
# [[tirsîn|Tirsîn]].
#: {{nm|ku|Di rûyê qoriciyên gund de, zarokên me '''binê xwe şil dikin'''.}}
# [[mîstin|Mîstin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Mamoste, lawê min sêzdeh salîye, lê hê jî '''bine xwe şil dike'''.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-bnr|sûc kirin}}

{{werger-bnr|tirsîn}}

{{werger-ser|mîstin}}
* {{Z|tr}}:{{W+|tr|altını ıslatmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>q9h1aw29o84jqdcrezuhu0lt7t9cm39</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>destgiran bûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>578427</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291458</id>
      <parentid>6184281</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291458</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="432" sha1="bkgc0wzp7t1hqlitmejoz473j2y9fe5" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Teral û sist bûn.
#: {{nm|ku|Tu li lafekiya wî menêre di karê xwe de wilo destgiran e ku nayê gotin.}}
# Derba dest bihêz û bibandor bûn.
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Rodîcan pir '''destgiran e''' ku derbekî li mirov dixe wekî hesin li mirov bandor dike.|Ferhenga Biwêjan, Mustafa Borak}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>bkgc0wzp7t1hqlitmejoz473j2y9fe5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hilewesan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>613020</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291459</id>
      <parentid>6282646</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291459</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="484" sha1="e489uowmom8u42d86orb2m6iy6p26r1" xml:space="preserve">{{bêçavkanî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Hilewesan'''a Kurdistanê îsal bi qasî ji sedî 5.6 kêm bûye.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ev rêjeya '''hilewesanê''' bo bûdçeya vî welatî metirsîdar e.}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|hilewesan|sc=Latn}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|cari açık}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>e489uowmom8u42d86orb2m6iy6p26r1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qifşik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>627309</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291460</id>
      <parentid>6286420</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291460</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="660" sha1="b2i4m0f5gf8ig283gxz1afwsiq0r1g8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# Qaşikgirtina birînekê, piştî ku xwîn ziwa û hişk dibe.
#: {{nm|ku|Berî sê rojan, keça min kêr li tilîya xwe xist, niha tilîya wê '''qifşik''' girtîye, dê baş bibe.}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|qalik
|qertîşk
|qemûşk
|qeşmax
}}

==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|sarêj|sc=Latn}}
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|qalik}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|écorce|m}}, {{W+|fr|croûte|m}} (pour une plaie)
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|crust of a sore|n}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>b2i4m0f5gf8ig283gxz1afwsiq0r1g8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>avika rûyê wî teqiya ye</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>642317</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291461</id>
      <parentid>6189919</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Biwêj */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291461</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="661" sha1="dqsemcl4bqj9dcxsm7tb1svvjqhgymd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Biwêj ===
{{biwêj|ku}}
# Ji bo wî kesê bêar bûye tê gotin, ew qas ku êdî nizane ka şerm û fihêtî çi ye.
# Guhertoyeke wê ya din.
#: {{hevmane|ku|perdeya rû qetîn&lt;q:devera Serhedê&gt;}}
# {{f|ku|Cizîr}} Kesên [[rûqayîm]] jî tê gotin.
#: {{nm|ku|Wey dayê rebenê, ka lê binêre çi rûyê wî qayîm e, tu dibêjî qey betankirî ye, pakiyê ji tu kesî nake, ne ji evdan fihêt dike ne ji xwudê ditirse.}}
# Kînorê ku ser sûretê meriyan çê dibe û bi avî ye an hewa tê da heye re bativk dibêjin, wexta ev diqete, dibêjin ava ruyê wî qetiya, ango edî hew şerm dike.</text>
      <sha1>dqsemcl4bqj9dcxsm7tb1svvjqhgymd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bi ser xwe ve kirin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>642399</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291462</id>
      <parentid>6099595</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291462</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="524" sha1="g8lkeyayl1w0ml8xw753ymbv2s5k1ih" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-gh}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#: {{nm|ku|Te hin di sêzde salîya xwe de eraqê bi ser xwe ve dikir, nuha jî rabûyî dibejî ez nikarim vexwim!}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bi|ser|xwe|ve|kirin|nekat=1}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|upend|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}:{{W+|tr|dikmek|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|iki tek atmak|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|upend|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|Wîkîferheng:Xwestin/îngilîzî/Peyvên Kontrol bibin|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g8lkeyayl1w0ml8xw753ymbv2s5k1ih</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>agirbirîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647409</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291463</id>
      <parentid>6277231</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291463</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="786" sha1="81r4en22aqe0hfs96j90lnla9mdneup" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Mane ===
{{cure?|ku}}
# Wek termeka [[leşkerî]],  [[rawestandin]]a [[şer]],  bi awayê birîna agir û danîna [[çek]]an û rawestandina wan,  di navbera hin [[şerkar]]an de, ku hin [[hêz]]ên şerkar yan leşkerên hin [[dewlet]]an, piştê ku demek şerê hev kirine û [[agir berdan|agir berdan]]e hev,  [[biryar dan|biryar bidin]] ku agir bibirin û bi wî awayî şer biwestînin, [[bisekinînin]],  dûwayî lê bînin û hew agir berdin hev.
#: {{nm|ku|Di navbera leşkerên wan dewletan de, '''agir hatiye birîn'''.}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[çekdanîn]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|armistice}}, {{W+|en|ceasefire}}, {{W+|en|truce}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ateşkes}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>81r4en22aqe0hfs96j90lnla9mdneup</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>avzûm</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647459</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291464</id>
      <parentid>6277594</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291464</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="861" sha1="b237jviiaxaq9v1jkuv58geibgpx4hx" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|avzûm|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Beşê madenî yê ku her du serên kemerek yan qayîşek û hwd digihîne hev û bi hev ve bend dike, beşê ku ji tiştekî madenî yê wek hesin bi awayekî taybetî hatîye çêkirin û her du serên tiştekî dirêj yê wek kemerek yan qayişek û hwd di wî beşî de digihîjin hev û bi hev ve tên bendkirin,  tên girêdan.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Avzûma''' kemera Beybûnê,  zîvîn e.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Derbasî paş Cécileê bûbû, '''avzûma''' sutyenê vekiribû.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=75}}}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[avzûnk]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|buckle}}
* {{Z|tr}}:{{W+|tr|toka}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>b237jviiaxaq9v1jkuv58geibgpx4hx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>axkolik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647470</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291465</id>
      <parentid>6192544</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:40:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291465</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="335" sha1="nefreexd6jqan01eorzh7jg4id3xd0n" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku}}
# Kana taybetî ya kolan û deranîna axa seyandinê, di axê de cîyê taybetî yê ku tê kolan û ax jê tê derxistin û di seyandina dîwaran de bi kar tê anîn.
#: {{hevmane|ku|axdan}}
#: {{nm|ku|Li qeraxê gundê me, '''axkolikek''' heye.}}</text>
      <sha1>nefreexd6jqan01eorzh7jg4id3xd0n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêkesxane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291466</id>
      <parentid>6192548</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291466</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="409" sha1="7yu6tt57tqtpgi15r5y23mxjrwyw386" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Cîyê taybetî yê kesên bêkes, avayîya taybetî ya ku ji alîyê beledîyeya bajarek yan bajarokek ve,  ji bo kesên bêkes û bêxwedî û bêçare tê amadekirin û kesên wisa tê de dihêwirin, tên xwedîkirin û ji wan re xizmet tê kirin.
#: {{nm|ku|Beledîya bajarokê me, '''bêkesxaneyek''' vekirîye.}}</text>
      <sha1>7yu6tt57tqtpgi15r5y23mxjrwyw386</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bengav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647549</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291467</id>
      <parentid>6099574</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mane */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291467</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="285" sha1="91sa52o3x202q2g4e4du45qxe6xziv8" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Mane ===
{{bêcure|ku}}
# Ava belgên bengê, ava ku belgên bengê tê de tên kelandin û paşê wek şerbetek tê vexwarin. kesên ku wê avê vedixun, [[ditevizin]],  bêhiş û gêj dibin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bengav''' xirab e,  mirov ditevizîne û gêj dike.}}</text>
      <sha1>91sa52o3x202q2g4e4du45qxe6xziv8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bêşxane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647603</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291468</id>
      <parentid>6192549</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291468</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="338" sha1="1a1hgjcflmdf6fzxe7pcyjqlnb72eox" xml:space="preserve">{{bêçavkanî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Dayra resmî ya berhevkirina bêşê, dayra resmî ya dewletek ya ku bêşê ji hevwelatên wê dewletê distîne û berhev dike.
#: {{hevmane|ku|bacxane}}
#: {{nm|ku|Di bajarokê me de '''bêşxaneyeka''' nû hatîye avakirin.}}</text>
      <sha1>1a1hgjcflmdf6fzxe7pcyjqlnb72eox</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bîyolojî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647674</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291469</id>
      <parentid>6099634</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291469</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="161" sha1="bnqozghjrheb0u6ej8cbvemnoixlka6" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{rastnivîs|biyolojî}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bîyolojî''',  ji bo gîyandaran zanîyarîyeka pir girîng e.}}</text>
      <sha1>bnqozghjrheb0u6ej8cbvemnoixlka6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>canbazxane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647701</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291470</id>
      <parentid>6278973</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291470</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="474" sha1="gd1h340mb90n5h2v5fu5w8pgyzp0w08" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Cîyê kirîn û numandina canbazan, canbazîyên xwe, cîyê ku tê de canbaz,  canbazî dikin û canbazîyên xwe,  sporên xwe yên canbazîyê dinumînin,  nîşan didin.
#: {{hevmane|ku|sîrk}}
#: {{nm|ku|Li hin bajarên mezin, '''canbazxane''' hene.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|cambazhane}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>gd1h340mb90n5h2v5fu5w8pgyzp0w08</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cire-cir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647765</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291471</id>
      <parentid>6192552</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291471</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="503" sha1="qmbiolnbtpywtb96ka0kp3pfpunilxv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|dengê siriştî|argo|nefermî}} Dengê bilind yê [[gengeşe]]yeke [[dijwar]] ya di navbera [[kes]]inan de,  li ser [[şol]]ek, dengê ku dema hin kes li ser şolek bi dijwarî bi hev re gengeşe dikin,  ji devên wan derdikeve,  belav dibe.
#: {{hevmane|ku|xire-cir}}
#: {{nm|ku|Bû cire-cira wan zilaman,  dengê wan li derdorê belav bû.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Wan zilaman,  li ser wê şolê cire-cir kir.}}</text>
      <sha1>qmbiolnbtpywtb96ka0kp3pfpunilxv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>demkurt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>647997</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291472</id>
      <parentid>6192566</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291472</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="692" sha1="adba3w4oeacuh3c1mtr2n57ot6v58e7" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kar|Kar]] û tiştê ku pêkanîna wî [[dem]]eka [[dirêj]] naxwaze û [[girtin|nagire]],  demeka [[kurt]] bes e, kar û tiştê ku xebata li ser wî û [[mijûlî|mijûli]]ya pê, pir dem nagire, pir [[dom kirin|dom nake]].
#: {{nm|ku|Nivîsîna helbestan karekî '''demkurt''' e, ku îlhamek bê dilê hozanek,  ew bes e.}}
#: {{nm|ku|Karên weha sivik, bi '''demkurtî''' tên pêkanîn.}}

==== Hevmane ====
* [[domkurt]]

==== Dijmane ====
* [[demdirêj]]
* [[domdirêj]]

==== Jê ====
* [[demkurtî]]

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|short-term|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>adba3w4oeacuh3c1mtr2n57ot6v58e7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dengzirav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>648003</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291473</id>
      <parentid>6192567</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291473</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="797" sha1="5rce9ijgcwk26h2fwiqwyeqtbgsh73e" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[deng|Deng]][[nazik]], [[deng]]ê [[hêdî]], kesê ku dengê wî ne [[gir]] e, kesê ku dema di[[peyiv]]e yan [[dengbêj]]ê ku dema [[strîn|distirê]],  dengekî [[zirav]] yê ne gir,  ne qelew ji [[dev]]ê wî [[deranîn|dertê]] û li [[derdor]]a wî [[belav]] dibe.
#: {{nm|ku|Li bajarokê me,  dengbêjekî '''dengzirav''' heye.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دەنگ زراڤ}}

==== Dijmane ====
* [[dengstur]]
* [[dengborr]]

==== Bideber ====
* [[gerdenzirav]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|deng|zirav}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|صوت جميل}}, {{W|ar|صوت حلو}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|softly-spoken}}, (of a singer) sweet-toned
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>5rce9ijgcwk26h2fwiqwyeqtbgsh73e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>deryazan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>648041</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291474</id>
      <parentid>6280052</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291474</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="446" sha1="8pi3dsvh2jmpfr6zg7gomtav51mruzb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê ku di heqê deryayan de zana ye, kesê di heqê deryayan û rewşên wan de hatîye gihandin û bi wî awayî bûye pisporê wî babetî.
#: {{nm|ku|Di welatên ber deryayan de,  kesên '''deryazan''' hene.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}:{{W|en|oceanographer|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8pi3dsvh2jmpfr6zg7gomtav51mruzb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>destbixwîn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>648050</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291475</id>
      <parentid>6099782</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291475</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="618" sha1="49mbmjlu3vr1ztv62r7hpws5w06pinv" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê ku kesek [[kuştin|kuştîye]] yan kesinan kuştine û destê xwe [[xistin|xistîye]] xwîna wî kesî yan [[xwîn]]a wan kesan, kesê ku bûye [[qatil]]ê kesek yan qatilê [[hin]] kesan û bi wî awayî,  destê wî bi xwîna wî kesî yan wan kesan [[lewitîn|lewitîye]].
#: {{nm|ku|Serokê wê rejima nijadperest, dîktatorekî '''destbixwîn''' bû.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|دەستبخوین}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qe|ku|dest|bi|xwîn}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|man of blood}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>49mbmjlu3vr1ztv62r7hpws5w06pinv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dugurd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>648208</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291476</id>
      <parentid>6192573</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291476</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="647" sha1="b937equuor73qh7mhsl5nk83lfkl8qb" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# Ben yan rêsê duta, ben yan rêsê ku ji du tayan pêkhatîye, ben yan rêsê ku berê du tayên wî hebûne,  paşê ew her du ta bi hev ve hatine badan û bi wî awayî,  ji wan her duyan benek yan rêsekî duta hatîye pêkanîn.
#: {{dijmane|ku|yegurd}}
#: {{nm|ku|Goreyên ku ji rêsê '''dugurd''' tên raçandin, pir zexim in.}}
# Her yek ji cilên ku ji ben yan ji rêsê duta hatîye raçandin, her yek ji cilên ku ben yan rêsê raçandina wî,  duta ye.
#: {{dijmane|ku|yegurd}}
#: {{nm|ku|Goreyên '''dugurd''',  lingên mirov germ digirin.}}</text>
      <sha1>b937equuor73qh7mhsl5nk83lfkl8qb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kurdînivîs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>649445</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291477</id>
      <parentid>6257399</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291477</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1026" sha1="nrk384bov5trtlbcmw14jcze4amnwwq" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# [[kes|Kes]]ê ku bi kurdî [[nivîsîn|dinivîse]]. 
## [[nivîskar|Nivîskar]], [[hozan]] yan [[rojnamevan]]ê ku [[kitêb]], [[helbest]] yan [[nûçe]] û [[nivîsar]]ên xwe bi [[ziman]]ê [[kurdî]] dinivîse yan jî nivîsîne.
#:: {{nm|ku|Hozanên wek Ehmedê Xanî, Melayê Cizirî, Feqîyê Teyran û hwd, '''kurdînivîs''' bûne.}}
#:: {{nm|ku|Çîroknivîsê kurd yê pêşîn Fuad Temoyê wanî, nivîskarekî '''kurdînivis''' bûye û kurteçîrokên kurdî nivîsîne.}}
#:: {{nm|ku|Nivîskarên '''kurdînivis''', ji zimanê xwe û gelê xwe re xizmet dikin.}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|kurdînûs
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|kurdî|nivîs}}.

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|kurdînivîsî}}
* {{g|ku|kurdînivîsîn}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|kurdîxwîn}}
* {{g|ku|kurdîaxiv}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|Kurdish-writing}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>nrk384bov5trtlbcmw14jcze4amnwwq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gotûbêja modulê:ku-tewîn-nav</title>
    <ns>829</ns>
    <id>652579</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291551</id>
      <parentid>6277021</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T07:57:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bikarhêner</username>
        <id>3719</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291551</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2652" sha1="9yimt3tlsmtmlmlvb5u9yg5tol6pywc" xml:space="preserve">{{arşîvkirin|1=
* [[Gotûbêja modulê:ku-tewîn-nav/arşîv 1|Arşîv 1]]
}}

== neşir, heşir ==

@[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] Gelo ''nesir, neşir, heşir, şehir'' bikin ''nesrê, neşrê, heşrê, şehrê'' li şûna ''nesirê, neşirê, heşirê, şehirê''? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:06, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:Fikir, fikrî ne fikirî @[[Bikarhêner:Keyomerd|Keyomerd]], @[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]], @[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] fikrê we? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:43, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::Erê, bi kurdî bilêvkirina ''-irê''/''-irî'' zor e... Ji bo problemên wisa (demak ku ne sîstematîk e) em dikarin parametreyeke wekî &lt;code&gt;|tew=fikr&lt;/code&gt; çêkin: tewandin li gorî parametreya &lt;code&gt;tew&lt;/code&gt; tê çêkirin... [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 23:33, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::Erê parametre hewce ye min got belkî otomatîk dibe feqat na min îsmên bi -ir xilas dibin nêrî [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarh%C3%AAner:Wikihez/ceribandin&amp;oldid=6277002] hemû nabin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:54, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::Gelo tenê kelîmeyên zimanên din de wisa dibe? Kes &quot;agrê&quot; dibêje li şûna &quot;agirê&quot;? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:55, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::::Li vira peyvên &quot;fikir&quot;, &quot;nesir&quot;, &quot;heşir&quot;, &quot;şehir&quot;, &quot;agir&quot; hemû bi vê format in: ''bêdeng'' (e, i, a) + ''dengdêr'' (s, ş, h, k, g) + -ir. [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 00:03, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::::Fistikçi şahap dîsa hat pêşiya me :D difire difre? Firin firnê? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:05, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Erê, &quot;firin&quot; jî wekî: ''bêdeng'' (i) + ''dengdêr'' (r) + ''-in'' e... Herwîha hemû du kite ne jî. [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 00:42, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

: Bi qenaeta min em '''ji bo navdêran''' forma i-neketî wek &quot;fikir&quot;''(-ê, -a, -ên)'' muhafeze bikin baştir e, lê belê di sifet/rendêran de em karin &quot;''-i-''&quot; bixînin, wek &quot;fikrî&quot;. Bi qasî ku tê bîra min Weqfa Mezopotamyayê li ser fikra muhafezekirina &quot;i&quot;yê bû (ji bo wan kelîmeyên deyngirtî), feqet nayê bîra min ku ji bo sifet/rengdêran çi difikirîn. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 07:57, 26 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>9yimt3tlsmtmlmlvb5u9yg5tol6pywc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>box bûn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>653312</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291478</id>
      <parentid>6193255</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291478</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="522" sha1="1ve9thkc3nwz235mj7v61uvn51w2gpo" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=h-ngh}}
# [[jêhat bûn]], [[jêhatî bûn]]
#: {{hevmane|ku|çeleng bûn|çalak bûn}}
#: {{nm|ku|Vê sibê karkerên zêviya titûnê zûzûka quraftina titûna xwe kir. Maşelah ew çiqas '''box bûne'''. Gelo vê sibê wan çi xwariye?}}

==== Têkildar ====
* {{g|ku|box kirin}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|box|bûn}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|acarlaşmak}}, {{W|tr|kıvraklaşmak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>1ve9thkc3nwz235mj7v61uvn51w2gpo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lîmfegirê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>653648</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291479</id>
      <parentid>6284214</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291479</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="871" sha1="30yfcibcal4j7z7r8eb7plzoitayn1z" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[pêkhate|Pêkhate]]ya sîstema [[lîmf]]ê ye û li tevahiya [[laş]] de [[belavî]] ye. Bi taybetî li [[stû]], [[binçeng]], [[ber]]an û [[çok]]an da [[hejmar]]a lîmfegirêyan zêde ye. [[lîmfegir|Lîmfegir]]ê [[şile]]ya [[lîmf]]ê [[parzûn kirin|parzûn dike]], [[hokar]]ên [[nexweşî|nexweşi]]yê yên wekî [[vîrus]] û [[bakterî|bakteri]]yan ji [[şile]]ya lîmfê [[dûr xistin|dûr dixe]].
#: {{nm|ku|'''Lîmfegirêyên''' stû.}}
#: {{nm|ku|'''Lîmfegirêyên''' binçengê.}}

==== Hevmane ====
* {{g|ku|girêya lîmfê}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|sîstema bergiriyê
|laşê mirov
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|lymph node}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|lenf döğümü}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>30yfcibcal4j7z7r8eb7plzoitayn1z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>guh dan serê</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>654335</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291480</id>
      <parentid>6290300</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291480</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="172" sha1="1y1rgvzc6szz9vib4ferljmxa4r0ml0" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=b-gh}}
# {{mane?|ku}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hele '''guh ve ser de''', yekî çi bike}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>1y1rgvzc6szz9vib4ferljmxa4r0ml0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pirderd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>655902</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291481</id>
      <parentid>6285916</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291481</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="406" sha1="qylh5d4qg7c1hj7dtxe9787jibspg1o" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{r-ya req}}
# Kesê ku derdên wî pir in, kesê ku pir derd dîtine û bi wî awayî bûye kesekî pir derdedar.
#: {{nm|ku|Ji işqa wê bûye serxoş û mexmûr/ ji hubba wê bûye '''pirderd''' û rencûr}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>qylh5d4qg7c1hj7dtxe9787jibspg1o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pirêş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>655903</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291482</id>
      <parentid>6285917</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291482</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="443" sha1="ebdj02wee04ises2wu0dmcqjjj7vnzm" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{r-ya req}}
# Kes yan [[lawir]]ê ku [[êş]]eke pir lê peyda bûye û pir diêşe, kes yan lawirê ku êşa wî pir e pir êş û [[azar]] dikişîne.
#: {{hevmane|ku|pirêşan}}
#: {{nm|ku|Ew heval ji ber kunêra li milê xwe niha pirêş e.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ebdj02wee04ises2wu0dmcqjjj7vnzm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>emanetdar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>670400</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291483</id>
      <parentid>6119721</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291483</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1013" sha1="ac29qrnstk9uu74xq776me83h8rd2tt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=mn}}
# Kesê xwediyê [[emanet]]ê ye, kesê ku tiştekî jê re hatiye [[emanetdayîn]].
#: {{hevmane|ku|emanetgir|spardegir}}
#: {{nm|ku|Eger em bixwazin ji bo zimanê bavûkalên xwe wek [[emanetdar]]ek baş bimînin, divê em xwedî li zimanê xwe derkevin.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar}}, têkildarî [[amîn]], [[emîn]], [[emn]], [[emanet]].

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ku|emanetdarî}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|depository}}, {{W|en|depositary}}, {{W|en|trustee}}, {{W|en|bailee}}, {{W|en|consignee}}, {{W|en|depot}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|emanetçi}}, ([[bir]] [[şey]]) [[emanet]] [[edilmek|edilen]] [[kimse]]
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|ota}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ota|z=}}
# [[emanetdar#ku|emanetdar]]&lt;ref&gt;https: //www.kamusiosmani.net/osmanlica-sozluk-1747-nedir-anlami.html&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{g|ota|امانتدار}}

=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>ac29qrnstk9uu74xq776me83h8rd2tt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bijbijank</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>797103</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291484</id>
      <parentid>6278588</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291484</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="595" sha1="mwxa06ujec3m06kgm6m1bow7gw7gks4" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|bijbijank|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[bilq]]ên hûr nav avê yan her tiştek din.
#: {{nm|ku|Hêvî! av dikele?? - ne, '''bijbijanka''' divede.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|بژبژانک}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* {{g|ku|bijbijang}}

==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|ku
|bilq
|bilqlên hûr
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|bijbijank dan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|bijbijank vedan&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>mwxa06ujec3m06kgm6m1bow7gw7gks4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hevsoz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>825388</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291485</id>
      <parentid>6096950</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291485</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2915" sha1="au19d0pfdzv9rfo4smsttv9c6r3d0bt" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|hevsoz}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[sozdar]], [[wefadar]], [[pabend]], [[pêgir]], [[loyal]], [[sadiq]], &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê ku [[erk]] û [[soz]]ên xwe [[bi cih anîn|bi cih tîne]], &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê ku [[xayîntî]] yan [[bêbextî|bêbextiyê]] nake, &lt;br&gt;kesa/ê [[heval]] û [[hevrê]]yên xwe bi tenê yan bê alîkarî nahêle:
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Senatorê Komarî [Lindsey] Graham herwiha gotiye: &quot;Hêvîdar im em bikarin rewşekê bibînin hemû alî tê de hebin&quot; û soz daye Mazlûm Kobanî ku pêdaçûna kongresê berdewm be û gotiye, &quot;Em gelek '''hevsoz''' in li gel daxwazên Kurdan.&quot;|Rudaw.net/kurmanci 10/2019}}
#: {{nm|ku|Hevalên min hemî kesên '''dilsozin''' bo min.}}
# [[pêbawer]], [[rastgo]]

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|hevsozî
|hevsozîtî
|hevsoztî
|hevsoz bûn&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevsoz kirin&lt;pos:lêker&gt;
|hevsozbûn&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevsozkirin&lt;pos:navdêr&gt;
|hevsozbûyî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
|hevsozkirî&lt;pos:rengdêr&gt;
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêş|ku|hev-|soz}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gläubig}}, {{W+|de|treu}}, {{W+|de|tro}}, {{W+|de|vertrauensvoll}}, {{W+|de|vertrauenswürdig}}, {{W|de|getreu|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Gefolgschaft|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Verehrer|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tro}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|وفي}}, {{W|ar|أمين}}, {{W|ar|بار}}, {{W|ar|صادق}}, {{W|ar|مخلص}}, {{W|ar|صالح}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|fidela}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دلسوز}}, {{W+|fa|صادق}}, {{W+|fa|مهربان}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|trúgvur}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|uskollinen}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|fidèle}}, {{W+|fr|loyal}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|trouw}}, {{W+|nl|getrouw}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|faithful}}, {{W+|en|loyal}}, {{W+|en|devoted}}, {{W+|en|devotedly}}, {{W+|en|reliable}}, {{W+|en|trustable}}, {{W+|en|trustworthy}}, {{W+|en|trusty}}, {{W+|en|truthful}}, {{W+|en|unaffected}}, {{W+|en|unreserved}}, {{W+|en|adherent}}, {{W|en|allegiant|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|dyed-in-the-wool|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|feal|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|gushy|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|heartfelt|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|heart-whole|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|leaky|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|leal|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|open hearted|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|singere|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|single-hearted|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|single-minded|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|well-disposed|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|wholehearted|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|fedele}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|fidel}}
* {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|fiel}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wierny}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|fiel}}, {{W+|pt|leal}}, {{W+|pt|seguro}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|верный}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|fiel}}, {{W+|es|leal}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bağlı}}, {{W+|tr|emin}}, {{W+|tr|hakikatli}}, {{W+|tr|sadakatli}}, {{W+|tr|sadık}}, {{W+|tr|vefakâr}}, {{W+|tr|vefalı}}, {{W+|tr|sözüne bağlı}}, {{W+|tr|güvenilir}}, {{W|tr|hakikatlı|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>au19d0pfdzv9rfo4smsttv9c6r3d0bt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mirate</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>829956</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291486</id>
      <parentid>6284694</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291486</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="320" sha1="7ywa973581j7ax4gf6jr45biot6qfcu" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=?}}
# Pê mirina mirov ji laşê mayî ra tê gotin.
#: {{nm|ku|'''Miratê''' jina kuştî 7 rojan li erdê ma.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|ceset}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>7ywa973581j7ax4gf6jr45biot6qfcu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>amrazê danepal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>829963</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291487</id>
      <parentid>6099534</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291487</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="441" sha1="26x1nb6jp7u7xnnzloqhjpzguuza7mj" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{f|ku|zimanzanî}} [[amraz|Amraz]]ek ku dikeve di [[navber]]a [[navdêr]] û [[rengdêr]] de ji bo [[wesfkirin]]ê.
#: {{nm|ku|Kurek'''ê''' şîm. Befirgirek'''a''' sor.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئامرازێ دانەپال}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ckb|ku}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>26x1nb6jp7u7xnnzloqhjpzguuza7mj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kexme</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>830055</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291488</id>
      <parentid>6283540</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291488</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="472" sha1="t1vwqbt5qyu4d6itovmrwndfruu5h85" xml:space="preserve">{{bêçavkanî}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}} {{f|ku|Serhed}}
# Tiştekî ji bo merivan [[giring]] wek [[zêr]]an [[bi qedr]] nav [[xeberdan]]ê da dibêjin.
#:{{nm|ku|'''Kexmeyê''' te yê hirşin wek zêrê te daşin.}}
# Merivê [[teral]] wexta hez nakin rabin bixebitin dibêjin heger rabe Kexmeyê wiya yê hirşin. 
#: {{hevmane|ku|xişr|ziynet}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>t1vwqbt5qyu4d6itovmrwndfruu5h85</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pangram</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>836837</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291489</id>
      <parentid>6153449</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291489</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1495" sha1="r6lu2nq8st6nh4gg95f4c1atiya4z8s" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[cimle|Cimleyek]] [[manedar]] ya ku [[her]] [[herf]]a [[ziman]]ekî [[tê de]] hebe.
#: {{nm|ku|&quot;Li gundekî Wanê çar xal bi carekê ji doşeka hiriyê ya zivir firîn û ap û mam jî ketin ser qûnê.&quot;|Di vê cimleyê de hemû herfên kurdî peyda dibin.}}

==== Dijmane ====
* {{g|ku|lîpogram}}

==== Têkildar ====
{{kol3|ku
|heterogram
|heteropangram
|heteropangramîk
|hîperpangram
|[[monovokalîzm]], [[bîvokalîzm]]
|pangramatîk
|pangramolojî
|pangramolojîk
|panskrablogram
}}

==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|pangramçêker
|pangramî
|pangramsaz
|pangramsazî
|pangramvan
|pangramvanî
}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Bi rêya {{ji|en|ku|pangram}} yan {{ji|fr|ku|pangramme}} ji du peyvên yûnanî, binêrin: ''[[pan-]]'' + ''[[gram]]''

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W-|de|Pangram}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|pangrammi}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|pangramme|n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|pangram}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|pangrama}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ĉiuliteraĵo}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|παντόγραμμα|R=pandógramma}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W-|it|pangramma|n}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|pangramus}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|pangram}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|pangrama}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|панграмма|R=pangrámma}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|pangram}}
{{werger-bin}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|en}}
# {{g|ku|pangram}}

== {{ziman|tr}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# {{g|ku|pangram}}</text>
      <sha1>r6lu2nq8st6nh4gg95f4c1atiya4z8s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wîkîferheng:Daxwazên peyitandinê</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>843283</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290845</id>
      <parentid>6277193</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:08:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[MediaWiki:Gadget-aWa.js/belgekirin|aWa]]: Arşîvkirina 3 madeyan li [[Gotûbêj:komherf]], [[Gotûbêj:komtîp]], [[Gotûbêj:tîpgel]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="130690" sha1="9rpkepxx651rca2bt1ecyif3nvgvtn2" xml:space="preserve">{{/destpêk}}

= Hezîran 2020 =

== [[romî#Navdêr|romî]] ==

Li Şingalê maneya polîs? --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 08:00, 15 hezîran 2020 (UTC)

= Tîrmeh 2020 =

== [[kêlb#p-mane|kêlb]] ==

--[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:24, 22 tîrmeh 2020 (UTC)

== [[ejî#p-mane|ejî]] ==

--[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:24, 22 tîrmeh 2020 (UTC)

== [[tutirk#peyitandin|tutirk]] ==

--[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:02, 22 tîrmeh 2020 (UTC)
:{{r|Guherto}} Niha çawa ye? Bi ya min çavkaniyên ku min dane têrê me dike. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:43, 22 tîrmeh 2020 (UTC)
::{{r|Balyozxane}} Nizanim.. li hin deveran wek tutirk hatîye nivîsandin û li hin jî wek tûtirk. Li hin deveran bi wateya tûşêmî (Rubus) ye, hin deveran jî bi wateya tûerd (Fragaria × ananassa) e û carna jî bi wateya tû (ê spî û reş go li ser daran çê dibin) ye. -- [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 08:16, 23 tîrmeh 2020 (UTC)

== [[erbane#p-mane|erbane]] ==

Ji bo ''Amûreke tenê tekerekî wê heye ji bo veguhestina tiştan wek: axê, kevir, hwd'' ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]''--[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:42, 31 tîrmeh 2020 (UTC)

= Tebax 2020 =

== [[cifta berazan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:57, 9 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[tê gerîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:26, 10 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[tapor]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 20:30, 22 tebax 2020 (UTC)
:{{r|Mihemed Qers}} -- [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 22:16, 22 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[şimzare]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:01, 26 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[bîrkok]] ==

Tenê Mehmed Uzun bi kar tîne. Ji bilî kitêbên wî çavkaniyeke din tune. —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 20:38, 28 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[hunera axaftinê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:46, 30 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[derrijîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 07:38, 31 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[yekal]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 09:19, 31 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[av û agir]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:50, 31 tebax 2020 (UTC)
: Di çavkaniyeke de wek av û agir kirin derbas dibe û ji wergerandinên inglîzî cuda ye lê nêzîk e.&lt;br&gt; {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=weke gelek hunermendên ko dû re agir bera berhêm xwe didin Xwedê jî ji bilî maltaba Nûh tevayiyê vê berhema xwe '''av û agir dike''', van melekên xwe yên doxînsist dikişîne asîmanan, li wir wan tawanbar dike, mîna ko bibêje: de biçin û weke xwe bikin, bi derew û tevgerên xwe yên qirêj dijminiya min bikin, Xwedê wan ji asimanan de serjêr davêje xwarê.|nivîskar=Hesenê Metê|sernav=Labîrenta cinan|weşanxane=Nefel|sal=2002|rûpel=132}} --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:37, 31 tebax 2020 (UTC)

== [[elm#p-mane-notice|elm]] ==

Wateya: ''[[ewlebûn]], sihê pê zanîn, baş pê zanîn''. ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:31, 31 tebax 2020 (UTC)
:{{r|Hakîmo}} Ku çavkanî tunebûn em ê jê bibin. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:47, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
::{{r|Balyozxane}} Mala te neketê... Hingê bixwe here lê bigere. Jixwe ez reşwî me. Ma eve ne çavkanî ye? -- [[Bikarhêner:Hakîmo|Hakîmo]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Hakîmo|gotûbêj]]) 14:48, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:::{{r|Hakîmo}} Hinek bixwîne [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê]]. Jixwe dema ti kesan din çavkanî lê zêde nakin, ez lê digerim û zêde dikim. Na tu ne ti çavkanî yî. Çavkaniyên nivîskî hewce ne. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:51, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
::::{{r|Balyozxane}} Erê, lê ku tine bin em çawa bikinî? Em hema jê bibinî? -- [[Bikarhêner:Hakîmo|Hakîmo]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Hakîmo|gotûbêj]]) 14:52, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:::::{{r|Hakîmo}} Erê em jê dibin. Lê peyvên jê hatine birin em li rûpela [[Pêvek:Bêçavkanî]] zêde dikin. bnr. [[:Kategorî:Pêvek bêçavkanî]]. Dîsa jî ez jî ji vê rewşa me aciz im û bi ya min peyvên devokî divê nayên jêbirin. Lê ji ber ku [[Wîkîferheng:Rêbazname]] dibêje divê werin jêbirin, ez jê dibim. Hevalên {{r|Jiju|Guherto|Ghybu}} [https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAj:kejm%C3%BBn], [https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAja_p%C3%AAvek%C3%AA:B%C3%AA%C3%A7avkan%C3%AE] jî ji vê rewşê aciz in. Lê ti kes gotûbêj nadin destpêkirin. Ku tu li vir [[Gotûbêja Wîkîferhengê:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê]] gotûbêjek bidî destpêkirin, ez ê piştgirî bidime te. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:58, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
::::::Ji kerema xwe min şaş fêm mekin feqet hemû bikarhêner ku tên vira dilpak nînin. Em çito ew peyvan kotrol bikinê? Mixabin, ji bo konrolkirina peyvan di destên me de tenê xwastina çavkaniyan hene amûrek din tine ye... PS: Herwiha me li ser wîkîferhengê Namespace'yên Nimînok ([[Nimînok:Kurdî/serhedî]]?, [[Nimînok:Kurdî/badînî]]?, ..) û Portal ([[Portal:Kurdî]], [[Portal:Frensî]] (mk. [[:fr:Portail:Français]]), ...) jî çêkiriye...--[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 15:32, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:::::::Nizanim we nivîsa vira xwand, [[Wîkîferheng:Dîwan#Skotî]]. Piraniya peyvên wîkiya skotî çêkirî ne...--[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 15:47, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
::::::::@Ghybu erê min ew xwendibû. Ku em peyvan nepeyitînin, rewşa me jî wek mg.wikt û wikiya skotiyan be. Temam em peyvên devokî jê nebin lê em wan jî nexin werger û rûpelên din heta ku werin peyitandin. Herwiha tu dibêjî amûrek tune ye lê tenê ji bo peyvên devokî û navên heywan/riwekan wisa ye. Gelek caran peyitandin pir hêsan e. Mînak @Hakîmo yan jî hevalên din dikarin blogan binivîsin daku em karibin peyvên wan yên devokî (nepeyitandî) têxin rûpela [[Wîkîferheng:Tomarkirina peyvên ji wêjeya kurdî|Jêgirtinekê tomar bike]] û kengî ew peyv ji hêla nivîskar û blogvanên kurd yên din ve hatine bikaranîn hingê em dikarin li wîkîferhengê jî zêde bikin. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:05, 19 îlon 2020 (UTC)
{{outdent|::::::::}}{{r|Hakîmo|Ghybu}} Xêra dê û bavên we '''[[Gotûbêja_Wîkîferhengê:Pîvekên_tevlîkirinê#Li_ser_peyvên_devokî|li vir]]''' fikrên xwe binivîsin daku kesên din bizanin kesên din jî hene vê fikrê min dipejirînin. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 06:48, 3 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[nîşanbar]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 23:51, 31 tebax 2020 (UTC)

= Îlon 2020 =

== [[besme]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 11:26, 1 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[ferengi]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:12, 1 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[çelape]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:22, 1 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[cesasandin]] ==

Çavkaniyek klasîk heye, yên din heye gelo? —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 09:02, 2 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[depan]] ==

Depan guhertoyeke textan an textîn e. Lê li vir çi mane heye min fêm nekir. —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 10:33, 2 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[li rûyê dinê xweş mayîn]] ==

Çavkaniyeke klasîk heye —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 20:38, 2 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[bêsewî]] ==

klasîk —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 06:34, 4 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[merkemoş]] ==

Klasîk —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 06:34, 4 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[firfiroka bayî]] ==

{{r|Mamoste Dilovan}} ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:57, 6 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[guhê fîlî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:56, 7 îlon 2020 (UTC)

: {{r|Bikarhêner}} Min guh li evê peyvê bû ji kesekî ku xudan xwaringehek û baxçeyekî mezin e.
: Gelek tişt di berbelav in û xelk dizanin, lê di pertûkan de naye dîtin. {{bêîmze|IbrahimKocher Duhok}}

== [[gurovî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:41, 14 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:{{r|Bikarhêner}} Çavkanîyên peyvên ku min nivîsandin mixabin ne nivîskî ne. Ev peyv min ji hin mezinên malbatê bihîstine û min jî gelek caran dîtîne ku hatine bikaranîn. Ji bo ku ev peyv wûnda nebin min hem li ba xwe û hem jî li wîkîferhengê nivîsand. Ji bo peyvên ku çavkanîyên nivîskî tunin, mixabin gotinên devkî tene weke çavkanî dimînin. Pêşnîyara te ji bo pevên bi vî awayî çi ye gelo? Spas{{bêîmze|Xwende}}
::{{r|Xwende}} Pêşî li ser malpera [https://tirsik.net/xerhati.php] dûre jî li ser arsiv.org qeyd bike ku nikarî çavkanî peyda bikî. Herwiha bnr [[Alîkarî:Îmze]] --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:00, 15 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[şîloyî]] ==

{{r|Xwende}} ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:44, 14 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[dever]] ==

Ji bo wateya ''derence, sêlim û merdîwen'' [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|çavkanî hewce ye]]. —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:53, 14 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[kerrnizî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 15:56, 15 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[li dora (yekê) gerîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:46, 15 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[glas]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]. --[[Bikarhêner:Şêr|Şêr]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Şêr|gotûbêj]]) 12:45, 16 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[kejmûn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:42, 17 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[lirêgerîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:20, 18 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[çavpeqî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:23, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:http://www.geocities.ws/mehname2004a/63/pexsan5.html -- [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 16:58, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[çavpeqiyayî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:14, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:{{r|Balyozxane}} Çavpeqî û -iyayî eynî peyv in, heke bo nimûne 2 çavkanî ji bo çavpeqî û 1 ji bo -iyayî werin dîtin ew weke 3 ji bo yek peyv tên jimartin? -- [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:16, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)
::{{r|Guherto}}. Na, divê yek ji wan peyitandî be daku em karibin yek ji wan wek guherto nîşan bidin. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:45, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:::Temam naxwe. {{=(}} -- [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:48, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)
::::Ecêb e peyva çavpeqîn jî tune ye. Divê çavpeqî/çavpeqiyayî jê hatibe lê qet tune. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:56, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:::::Em çavpeqî ne weke kesekî ku çavê wan peqî ye dibêjin. Siqêfek e. ''Wilo neke, çavpeqî!'' -- [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 18:10, 23 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[olfatûn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:58, 24 îlon 2020 (UTC)

:Du çavkanî hatiye dîtin li hêviya ya sisêyan e. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 13:46, 23 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[hekûke]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:00, 28 îlon 2020 (UTC)

:Tenê çavkaniyek ji Kovara Kurmancî heye ew jî ji kitêba Gundê Mêrxasan a Eliyê Evdilrehman hatiye girtin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 13:49, 23 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[dê bêjî kaya di serî de]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:58, 29 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[heçî ne li malekê, nizanit halekê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:58, 29 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[heta nîva destî reş nebit, tama devî xoş nabit]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:58, 29 îlon 2020 (UTC)

== [[kirtop]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Herwiha [[kirtope]]—[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:59, 29 îlon 2020 (UTC)
:

== [[pişkûmişk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 21:25, 29 îlon 2020 (UTC)

= Çiriya pêşîn 2020 =

== [[ma te şulê pê ye?]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:19, 1 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[zelam yêt heyn û zelamoşk jî yêt heyn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:28, 1 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[ezîz î&amp;#59; ji pêrve ne mîzî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:15, 1 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[qelpez]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 08:19, 6 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[firêzer]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 15:27, 6 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[kirmişk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 09:03, 7 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[orijîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 19:03, 7 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[şequdeq]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 08:50, 9 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[helizandin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 11:23, 9 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[rewastin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 11:48, 9 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[xunaftin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:31, 9 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[itîmad li ser kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 16:32, 15 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[sengesor]] ==

{{r|Saberabdollahizad}} ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:00, 16 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)
:Navçeya Mirgewerê, Ûrmîye. {{bêîmze|Saberabdollahizad}}

== [[zenek]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:03, 16 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)
:{{r|Saberabdollahizad}} [[zenek]] jî li Ûrmiyê tê bikaranîn? --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 19:53, 18 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[pind#p-mane|pind]] ==

Min tenê çavkaniyek dît ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:48, 17 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)
:Navçeya Mirgewerê, Ûrmîye. {{bêîmze|Saberabdollahizad}}

== [[maqezer]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:53, 18 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)
:Navçeya Mirgewerê, Ûrmîye. {{bêîmze|Saberabdollahizad}}

== [[pezpezok]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:55, 18 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)
:Navçeya Mirgewerê, Ûrmîye. {{bêîmze|Saberabdollahizad}}

== [[parapet#p-mane|parapet]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:53, 31 çiriya pêşîn 2020 (UTC)

= Çiriya paşîn 2020 =

== [[quloç#p-mane|quloç]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:43, 19 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[di ber (yekî) de avêtin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:57, 20 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)
:https://tirsik.net/index.php?mijarid=18749&amp;iro=on&amp;rupel=1 —[[Bikarhêner:Mamoste Dilovan|Mamoste Dilovan]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Mamoste Dilovan|gotûbêj]]) 17:37, 20 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)
:: {{r|Mamoste Dilovan}} [[di ber re avêtin]] heye. lê te wek di ber '''de''' lê zêde kir. Em biguherînin? Gelek çavkanî ji bo di ber re avêtin  heye. --[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:41, 20 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[hêvastin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 10:49, 21 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[lamçîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 11:28, 22 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[poz#p-mane|poz]] ==

Ji bo maneya &quot;[[quz]], [[vajîna]]&quot; ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 11:28, 22 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[sihetbexş]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:35, 24 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[hevjêhatin ji jêhatîbûnê çêtir e]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:14, 25 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[gerriyan#p-mane|gerriyan]] ==

''Ji bo wateya cereyan (tevger)''. Qasî ku dibînim tenê Cewerî bi kar aniye —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:24, 25 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

== [[derbend]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:08, 30 çiriya paşîn 2020 (UTC)

= Kanûna paşîn 2021 =

== [[desthelgirtin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:48, 6 kanûna paşîn 2021 (UTC)

== [[êşewî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:52, 7 kanûna paşîn 2021 (UTC)

== [[sexorr]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 20:22, 7 kanûna paşîn 2021 (UTC)

== [[sapût]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:06, 12 kanûna paşîn 2021 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[dimorî]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Maneya navdêrî bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:05, 20 kanûna paşîn 2021 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:18, 26 hezîran 2026 (UTC)
:Di Kovara kurmancî hj.67 de &quot;dimor&quot; bi maneya &quot;bêoxir&quot; de derbas dibe. Wekî din ti çavkanî nîne. Merheba @[[Bikarhêner:Gomada|Gomada]] te varyanta &quot;dimhorî&quot; îlawe kiriye. Gelo tu dizanî ev kelîme li kîjan herêman tê bikaranîn? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:18, 26 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

= Çiriya pêşîn 2022 =

== [[paşbingeh]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 07:40, 12 çiriya pêşîn 2022 (UTC)

= Kanûna paşîn 2023 =
== [[berê beringa]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:35, 1 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[mûlûleya xwînê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:36, 6 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[mirovdostî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 05:38, 12 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[derîner]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 23:02, 15 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[neteba]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 00:01, 16 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

:Maneya &quot;uyruksuz&quot; ji ferhenga Farqînî hatiye kopîkirin wekî din bi giştî bi maneya &quot;nakokî&quot; tê bikaranîn. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:33, 26 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[narkotîkfiroş]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 10:59, 16 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[pirik#p-mane|pirik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:15, 16 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[ramyarî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ez dibêjim ev peyv tenê bi maneya &quot;fikrî&quot;, wek rengdêr heye. Lê belê di soranî de bi şaşemilandineke wekî &quot;siyasî&quot; bi kar anîne, kurmancên me jî rasterast maneya soranî tevlî çend ferhengên hev-kopîkirî kirine û bi vî awayî belkî hin çavkanî hebin. Lê ez dibêjim divê ew çavkanî jî neyên hesibandin. Hin kes zen dikin ku her tiştê di soranî de ripîrast e. Mesele heqeten eletewş e.

Agahiyeke li ser peyvê: &quot;[https://www.welateme.info/kurdi/modules.php?name=News&amp;file=print&amp;sid=686 Welateme.info]&quot; 

Li vir peyv bi maneya &quot;fikrî&quot; hatiye bikaranîn: &quot;[https://xwebun1.org/ziman-sirhelal-e/ Xwebûn]&quot;. Qewet be. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:36, 19 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[dolîwgeh]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:08, 22 kanûna paşîn 2023 (UTC)

= Sibat 2023 =

== [[herebaş]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:13, 11 sibat 2023 (UTC)

== [[balindeyê korare]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].''

Tenê çavkaniyekê tê xuyan, ew jî kitêba &quot;Balindeyên Kurdistanê&quot; yê Îsmaîl Taha Şahîn e (Îsmaîl Taha Şahîn (2006). Balindeyên Kurdistanê, 1-4. Spîrêz, Duhok). Ev kitêb ji ser înternetê wek word jî peyda dibe. Xuya ye ku ji Weşanên Spîrez fîzîken jî çap bûye. Lê wekî çavkanî tenê ev tê xuyan. 

—[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:10, 14 sibat 2023 (UTC)

== [[dîbeyt]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:13, 18 sibat 2023 (UTC)

== [[çend pat]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:35, 24 sibat 2023 (UTC)

== [[rabînîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ji bo kurmancî bêçavkanî ye. Ger ji bo soranî çavkanî hebin jî divê ji bo soranî bi herfên aramî were nivîsîn. 

An ger halê latînîkirî ya peyveke soranî be, dîsa divê ev hal were eşkerekirin. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:36, 26 sibat 2023 (UTC)

= Adar 2023 =

== [[qirar#p-mane|qirar]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:23, 2 adar 2023 (UTC)

== [[pîşpêkirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Tenê di nivîseke online ya Cemal Nebez de derbas dibe. Dibe ku peyveke başûriyan be. Û di wê nivîsa Cemal Nebezê bi forma &quot;pîş bi ... bikin&quot; jî derbas dibe. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:29, 3 adar 2023 (UTC)

== [[kûcag]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 01:27, 27 adar 2023 (UTC)

== [[destbizavî kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' 

Xuya ye ku ev peyv tenê di kitêba “''Nameyek Şernexê''” yê Evdirehman Gundikî de derbas bûye. Û ji wir jî Mistefa Aydoganî maneya peyvê di hejmara 61em ya Kovara ''Kurmancî'' de belav kiriye (rûpela 2yem). Lê belê tenê yek çavkaniyekê ne bes e ji bo ku em vê peyvê di vê ferhengê de wekî peyveke çavkanî-temam belav bikin. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:40, 28 adar 2023 (UTC)

== [[germav baş]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:23, 31 adar 2023 (UTC)

== [[germavxweş]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:27, 31 adar 2023 (UTC)

= Gulan 2023 =

== [[kirbend]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 08:34, 5 gulan 2023 (UTC)

: Çêkerê rûpelê wek not nivîsiye ku peyv ji herêma Çewlikê ye. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 06:24, 6 gulan 2023 (UTC)

== [[We are off now]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:13, 22 gulan 2023 (UTC)

== [[baran ji erd û esmana lê diket]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:46, 26 gulan 2023 (UTC)

== [[sîba]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:44, 30 gulan 2023 (UTC)

== [[bîrîner]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:20, 30 gulan 2023 (UTC)

= Hezîran 2023 =

== [[bidestmiz]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:49, 10 hezîran 2023 (UTC)

= Tîrmeh 2023 =

== [[parzeng]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:01, 15 tîrmeh 2023 (UTC)

== [[zerpedest]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:05, 15 tîrmeh 2023 (UTC)

== [[heta destên mirov nebine gû, devê mirov nabite tû]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:27, 19 tîrmeh 2023 (UTC)

== [[çemê mezin tê dibore diçe]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:38, 19 tîrmeh 2023 (UTC)

== [[kevanê nebî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:45, 19 tîrmeh 2023 (UTC)

== [[teybûr]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Tenê li malpera yuksekovahaber.com-ê derbas dibe, li wir jî bi maneya &quot;çare, çareserî&quot;yê hatiye emilandin, ne bi vê maneyê. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:00, 19 tîrmeh 2023 (UTC)

== [[nikêtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:22, 19 tîrmeh 2023 (UTC)

= Tebax 2023 =

== [[prêze]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 21:19, 15 tebax 2023 (UTC)

== [[qelye]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 15:59, 25 tebax 2023 (UTC)

= Îlon 2023 =

== [[hetwan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 20:21, 14 îlon 2023 (UTC)

== [[milyonmasî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:06, 21 îlon 2023 (UTC)

== [[tofana mêjî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:20, 21 îlon 2023 (UTC)

== [[îshaf]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 10:57, 23 îlon 2023 (UTC)

== [[odeya karkirinê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 10:57, 26 îlon 2023 (UTC)

== [[odeya şixulînê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 11:42, 26 îlon 2023 (UTC)

== [[hîter]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:08, 26 îlon 2023 (UTC)

= Çiriya pêşîn 2023 =

== [[vîtamîn waw]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 20:20, 1 çiriya pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[berhan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:21, 3 çiriya pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[sêlikdêr]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:16, 10 çiriya pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[qewandêr]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:20, 10 çiriya pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[darav]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 20:04, 11 çiriya pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

= Çiriya paşîn 2023 =
== [[kansernasî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:54, 14 çiriya paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[golgir]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:06, 15 çiriya paşîn 2023 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[gogpî]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 16:19, 15 çiriya paşîn 2023 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:17, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[ahardar]] ==

Tenê Zana Farqînî —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 10:34, 26 çiriya paşîn 2023 (UTC)

= Kanûna pêşîn 2023 =
== [[Kî mal ezîz bike, can rezîl dike&amp;#59; kî mal rezîl bike, can ezîz dike.]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:55, 2 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[porsing]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:22, 2 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[newelatî kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:57, 2 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[newelatîkirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:58, 2 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[alîkar kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Şêr|Şêr]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Şêr|gotûbêj]]) 18:42, 3 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[aramoş kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'' -- [[Bikarhêner:Şêr|Şêr]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Şêr|gotûbêj]]) 18:48, 3 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[bêvil kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Şêr|Şêr]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Şêr|gotûbêj]]) 18:56, 4 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[dijberiya naverokî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Şêr|Şêr]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Şêr|gotûbêj]]) 22:43, 8 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== [[bersivîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]]'', û her wiha ne li gorî qayideyên kurdî (kurmancî) ye. —[[Bikarhêner:Şêr|Şêr]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Şêr|gotûbêj]]) 22:08, 11 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[girêbanasî]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 20:30, 13 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:18, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[hevalzewac]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:25, 18 kanûna pêşîn 2023 (UTC)

= Kanûna paşîn 2024 =
== [[raperk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:40, 15 kanûna paşîn 2024 (UTC)

:Bi wê manê nîne. Bi maneke dî heye. [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 19:26, 6 tebax 2024 (UTC)

= Sibat 2024 =
== [[bi navê lîstin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:02, 3 sibat 2024 (UTC)

: Li ser agahdarkirina çêkerê rûpelê me şablona &quot;dever&quot;ê tevlî kir. Peyv ji herêma Qoser, Mêrdînê ye. Me li qismê &quot;Bikaranîn&quot;ê jî vê yekê dîyar kir. Ji xeynî vê me wê peyvê ji rûpelên din jî bir. Bi vî awayî ev made kare were girtin. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:28, 10 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[firoşgehkar]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:17, 9 sibat 2024 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:24, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[preskirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:43, 11 sibat 2024 (UTC)

== [[pres kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:43, 11 sibat 2024 (UTC)

== [[Xwedê te têr bike]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:41, 13 sibat 2024 (UTC)

== [[isad]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:09, 22 sibat 2024 (UTC)

== [[razemendîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:44, 27 sibat 2024 (UTC)

= Adar 2024 =

== [[zilhêzî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:19, 5 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[hingihîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:32, 13 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[xore]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:30, 15 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[melef]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:55, 19 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[uğursuz ayak]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:11, 23 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[şepûk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:22, 23 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[agirberdêrî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 00:04, 26 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[kîrquz]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:00, 26 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[kîrquzdê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:01, 26 adar 2024 (UTC)

== [[quzgêj]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:03, 26 adar 2024 (UTC)

= Nîsan 2024 =

== [[hîkarîkerî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:53, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hîkarîker]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:54, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hîkarîdarî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:55, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hîkarîdar]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:56, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bihîkarîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:57, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bihîkarî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:58, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêhîkarîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:58, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêhîkarî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:59, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêhîkarî bûn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:00, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêhîkarî kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:00, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêhîkarîbûn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:01, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêhîkarîkirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:01, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hîkarîkirî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:02, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hîkarîkirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:03, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hîkarî kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:07, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[rayda]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:40, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêrayda]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:42, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêraydayî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:43, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêraydatî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:43, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêrayda bûn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:43, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêrayda kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:43, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêraydabûn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:44, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêraydakirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:44, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[birayda]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:44, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[biwerêç]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:46, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[biwerêçî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:46, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[biwerêçîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:47, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[biwerêçtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:47, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[werêç]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:49, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[werêç kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:50, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[werêçkirî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:50, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[werêçkirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:51, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[wişto]] ==

@[[Bikarhêner:Zerwanda]] Çavkanî ji bo kurmancî tine ye. Zazakî ye? —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 20:19, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

:ji devera mûşê, aliyê diya min &quot;wişto/wiştik&quot; digotin. [[Bikarhêner:Zerwanda|Zerwanda]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Zerwanda|gotûbêj]]) 20:44, 1 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[xewgerî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:19, 2 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[xewgerokî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:28, 2 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[nimêh]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:51, 2 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[فعال]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Gyhbu]] di 2021an de li ser rûpela wî tevlî kirîye. Lê ji ber nebûna vê sîstema me tevlî vir nebûye. Lewma min anî ser vir jî. Wê gavê tenê ji bo maneya &quot;kar&quot; ev şablon hatîye tevlîkirin. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 07:27, 3 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[pêjor]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:46, 6 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hafil]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:48, 6 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[micemi]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Muhtemelem şiklê rast wek &quot;micemî&quot; ye, lê ew jî bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:52, 9 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[hesaba xwe]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ji xeynî van ev forma wê jî bêçavkanî ne: &quot;[[hisaba xwe]] / [[hesaba xo]] / [[hisaba xo]]&quot;. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:25, 9 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

== [[leşkerma]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:53, 24 nîsan 2024 (UTC)

= Gulan 2024 =

== [[serîi]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Wek &quot;serî&quot; belkî li kar be, lê wekî &quot;serîi&quot; çavkanî peyda nabe. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:20, 2 gulan 2024 (UTC)

== [[virgu]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Bêçavkanî tê xuyan. Peyv bi tirkî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:49, 2 gulan 2024 (UTC)

== [[xwerre]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:57, 20 gulan 2024 (UTC)

= Hezîran 2024 =

== [[di nav deryaya peyvan de avjenî dikir]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:34, 4 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[berbixwe]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:03, 10 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[şipyakî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:08, 10 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

:&quot;şipêkî&quot; heye [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 20:20, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[wetalane]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:18, 10 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[wetalî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:19, 10 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[wetalîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:20, 10 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[wetaltî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:20, 10 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[se direye karwan dibuhire]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:49, 16 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[se direwît, karwan bi rêka xo diçît]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Formeke bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:53, 16 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[se direwît, karwan diburît]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Formeke bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:54, 16 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[se direyê karwan dibûrê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Formeke bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:55, 16 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[se direye karvan li riya xwe diçe]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Formeke bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:56, 16 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[se direye û kerwan dibihure]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Formeke bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:00, 16 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[hingê dinya]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:07, 18 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[berdanberdan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:22, 24 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîska mala Barzan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:05, 25 hezîran 2024 (UTC)

= Tîrmeh 2024 =

== [[avmêwe]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:41, 16 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nihalok]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:53, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nihalk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:54, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[niwalok]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:54, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[niwalk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:55, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[niwalik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:55, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nehalok]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:56, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nehalk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:56, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nehalik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:57, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[alîkarxwazî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:16, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nihalik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:19, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[zêrîb]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Bi dîtina min, ev form bêçavkanî ye. Dibe ku ji bo forma &quot;zerîb&quot; çavkanî hebe, lê ew form li ser Wîkîferhengê wek made nehatîye çêkirin. Pir kêm be jî ev peyv wek &quot;zerîp&quot; jî li cihekî derbas bûye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:31, 24 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[qanat]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ev peyv bi maneya &quot;kanal&quot;ê nîne, xelet e. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 06:59, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[qenat]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ev peyv bi maneya &quot;kanal&quot;ê nîne, xelet e. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 06:59, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

:Min 1 çavkanî dît, &quot;Ev kes rojê 6-7 qenatên TV ya diğere û diaxive&quot; https://darkamazi.info/archives/1019704 (bi lêgerana &quot;qenatên&quot;, ji ber ko lêgeranên dî tijî tiştên dî derdixin)
:Lê mimkun e xelet nivîsîbe. [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 20:31, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[şkaftmend]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 07:08, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

:3 çavkanî hene. Lê xuya dike jêdera wan hemû ferhenga tirsik.netê e.
:* Çavkanî 1: https://tirsik.net/ferheng?query=şkaftmend (berî 2014, lê tarîx nîne)
:* Çavkanî 2: https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deranderî (2011) 
:* Çavkanî 3: https://x.com/zerdeceno/status/1155331427510247425 (2019)
:[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 20:28, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[dan hev#p-mane|dan hev]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ev mane li ser çavkanîyan peyda nabe. Tenê çêkerê rûpelê vê maneyê nivîsîye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:08, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[baristdar]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:47, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[baristdarî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:48, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[baristdarîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:49, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[baristdartî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:50, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[bibaristî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:51, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[bibarist]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:52, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[bibaristîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:53, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêbaristî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:54, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[bêbarist]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:55, 25 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[peydabûnîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 20:52, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nexşvan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 21:05, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[nexşvanî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 21:05, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[lêvikî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 21:47, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[lêvik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Min zêde nemeyzand. —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 21:48, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[şerenîx kirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 21:51, 27 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[sala çîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:09, 29 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[berê pêşîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:57, 30 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

== [[berê ewilî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:57, 30 tîrmeh 2024 (UTC)

= Tebax 2024 =

== [[xwîndijmin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:02, 4 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[reîsîtî]]/[[reysîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 18:17, 6 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[soranîaxivî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 18:43, 6 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[helîna bildo]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ji 2020a ve şablon li wir e min tenê li vir zêde kir.  —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 19:56, 6 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[hilbijêrînerî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' &quot;Hilbij&quot; rihê peyvê ye, &quot;-er&quot; jî maneya &quot;kesê dike&quot; dide, qertafa &quot;-îner / -înerî&quot; ya li dawîyê bi eşkereyî xelet e. Û ev peyv bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:45, 7 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[îqlîmtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:43, 10 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[jîrbêjî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ev peyv ger di soranî de ji bo wê çavkanîyên têr hebe, tenê wek &quot;Nivîsîna bi herfên latînî ya peyva ...&quot; kare were qeydkirin. Lê nabe ku wek kurmancî be, were qeydkirin. Ji bo kurmancî tenê di meqaleyekê de derbas dibe, ew jî ji alî başûrîyekî ve hatîye nivîsîn. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:55, 10 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[hîgyen]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Tenê ev form bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 07:40, 12 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[kolîner]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:45, 12 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[poşmanî kişîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Tenê di çavkanîyekê de peyda dibe. Ew çavkanîya dayî jî ihtîmal e ku bi tesîra zimanê tirkî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:44, 13 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[para hevpar a herî mezin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:09, 14 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[cara hevpar a herî biçûk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:10, 14 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[regjimar]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:16, 14 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîvrengî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:33, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîvdûrgeh]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Wek &quot;guharto&quot; hatiye qeydkirin, lê yek nikare wilo bêje. Ne &quot;guharto&quot; ye, ji ber wê çavkanî hewce ne. —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:39, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîvtewlîsî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:44, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîvrewa]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:44, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîvşehtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:46, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîvfalincî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:46, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîvgilkarî]] ==

Ferhenga Sa.Sa.
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 17:48, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[kesîkirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 20:16, 18 tebax 2024 (UTC)

== [[biryarbirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:38, 24 tebax 2024 (UTC)

= Îlon 2024 =

== [[qîblename]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 15:15, 1 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[cihetnima]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].''

Ji [https://bianet.org/yazi/ferhenga-ser-u-amrazen-ser-ji-kovara-ronahiye-2-196299 vir] hatiye —[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 15:27, 1 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[qûnderîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:36, 7 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[hevpîşehî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:48, 14 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[hevpîşeyî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Wek ''navdêr'' bêçavkanî ye. Wek ''rengdêr'' hebe jî, kêmçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:50, 14 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[hempay]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:04, 14 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[nîs]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:43, 14 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[êxbarçî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ji bo ''îxbarçî'' çavkanîyekê peyda dibe, lê kêm e. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:06, 14 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[muxbîrîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:38, 14 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[ixbarçî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:43, 14 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[westgeha pasê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:33, 19 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[avikmadk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:24, 19 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[ferwerîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:18, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[bipayderî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:12, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[bipayderîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:13, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[bipaydertî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:13, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[bipedalî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:14, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[bipedalîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:14, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[bipedaltî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:14, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[pedaldarî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:15, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[pedaldarîtî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:15, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[pedaldartî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:16, 20 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[ciwên]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:11, 22 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[belgebirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:31, 23 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[avsîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Dibe ku ev kelîme biçavkanî be, lê pir bêagahî hatîye qeydkirin. Biçavkanî be jî, ji ber qeydkirina bêagahî (li ser madeyê agahî kêm hatine pêşkêşkirin) em rûpelê jê bibin. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:53, 23 îlon 2024 (UTC)

:@[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] Ma ne çêtir e li &quot;Daxwazên zelalkirinê&quot; be naxwe? [[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Guherto|gotûbêj]]) 13:40, 10 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

:: {{r|Guherto}} Bi min em karin vê madeyê ji ber bêagahîbûna wî, îlaweyî &quot;Daxwazên jêbirinê&quot; bikin, lê &quot;Daxwazên zelalkirinê&quot; nabe. Wekî din ji ber ku dikeve çarçoveya her du rûpelan jî kîjan be jî dibe, lê madem me li vir da destpêkirin, bila ji vir dewam bike dengdana li ser vê kelîmeyê. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:22, 10 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[kûvank]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Herçiqas tenê formekê be jî, bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:14, 27 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[kikark]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Herçiqas formekê be jî, bêçavkanî dixuye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:40, 27 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[kîfkarik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Herçiqas tenê formekê be jî, bêçavkanî dixuye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:45, 27 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[kuvank]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Herçiqas formekê be jî, bêçavkanî dixuye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:53, 27 îlon 2024 (UTC)

== [[kûvarik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Herçiqas tenê formekê be jî, bêçavkanî dixuye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:01, 27 îlon 2024 (UTC)

= Çiriya pêşîn 2024 =

== [[muhil]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Tenê qismê kurdî bêçavkanî ye, ne ya tirkî. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:00, 9 çiriya pêşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[muhilk]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:00, 9 çiriya pêşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[jêrmal]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:59, 15 çiriya pêşîn 2024 (UTC)

= Çiriya paşîn 2024 =

== [[bîrxistiner]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 19:38, 14 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[wisa gotin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ne ferhengî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 20:13, 15 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[tenzîlatî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:12, 16 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[armancparêz]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:03, 19 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[şikaftmend]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:06, 19 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[derander]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:08, 19 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[deranderî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 13:09, 19 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[derxwenîn]] ==

@[[User:Keyomerd]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 22:38, 19 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[kiyû]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 23:53, 22 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[goçavik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 00:03, 23 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[hûrhesibaner]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 00:19, 23 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[heybera zindî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:01, 23 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[misadereker]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:51, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[kêmtirkar]] ==

@[[Bikarhêner:Cyrus the virus|Cyrus the virus]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:11, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[cudagir]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Cyrus the virus|Cyrus the virus]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:15, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[qerwaşgir]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Cyrus the virus|Cyrus the virus]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:42, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[mişkilûr]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:45, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[agirbiran]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:54, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[alan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:55, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[alêdû]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 18:56, 24 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[henaseker]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 17:37, 25 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[nial]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ji xeynî vê, maneya 2yem ya di madeya &quot;nihal&quot; de (navdêr 2) jî bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:46, 27 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[gilçim]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Roj Rewandiz|Roj Rewandiz]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:28, 29 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

:Ez ji bajarê Kobaniyê me. Min ev peyv ji ser zimanê dê û dapîra xwe girt. Ez gelekî ji vê peyvê bawer im ji ber ku devoka min e. [[Bikarhêner:Roj Rewandiz|Roj Rewandiz]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Roj Rewandiz|gotûbêj]]) 19:14, 23 kanûna pêşîn 2024 (UTC)
::@[[Bikarhêner:Roj Rewandiz|Roj Rewandiz]] Mala te ava. Ji ber ku çavkaniyên nivîskî tine ne em ê vê kelîmeyê wek [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên_tevlîkirinê#Peyvên_herêmî|herêmî]] nîşan bidin. [[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 12:22, 25 kanûna pêşîn 2024 (UTC)

== [[reşeme kirin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Li gorî çêkera sayfeyê li Kobaniyê li kar e. Loma dikare wekî herêmî nîşankirin —[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Balyozxane|gotûbêj]]) 14:35, 29 çiriya paşîn 2024 (UTC)

:Li Kobaniyê dibêjin: ‘Tizbiyê min li xwe reş û reşeme kir’ Anko Tizbî bir û venegerand Înkar kir. [[Bikarhêner:Roj Rewandiz|Roj Rewandiz]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Roj Rewandiz|gotûbêj]]) 23:48, 7 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

= Kanûna pêşîn 2024 =

== &lt;s&gt;[[pênckunc]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:20, 27 kanûna pêşîn 2024 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:37, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[çarkunc]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:21, 27 kanûna pêşîn 2024 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[şeşkunc]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:21, 27 kanûna pêşîn 2024 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:38, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

= Kanûna paşîn 2025 =

== [[pevnatî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ev kelîme wek kurtkirina ji &quot;bi hev nehatî&quot; hatîye fikirîn, ihtimal e ku wek sunî hatîye çêkirin û bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:43, 6 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

== [[lihevnatîbûn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Wek formeke &quot;lihevnehatîbûn&quot;ê hatîye fikirîn, lê bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:49, 6 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[fîzîkîtî]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 20:19, 7 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:42, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[kobar]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:59, 21 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:11, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[werdanbar]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:59, 21 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:10, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[Binxetê]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Em zanin ku ji ber sînora Tirkîyeyê ku Cizîrê dike du perçe û ji parçeya binî re Binxet tê gotin ku kurd lê dijîn. Feqet min herêma Binxetê seh nekirîye, û bi tedqîqeke neberfireh jî çavkanî peyda nekir ji bo vê peyvê. Lewma bi min mahîyeta vê madeyê û qeydkirina wek &quot;Binxetê&quot; xelet e. Ger ji bo herêma tarîfkirî çavkanî nîn be, em vê madeyê bikin &quot;'''Binxet'''&quot; û tarîfa wê jî bikin &quot;''Navê Rojavayê Kurdistanê ku li binê xeta Tirkîye - Sûrîyeyê dimîne.''&quot; — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:22, 24 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

== [[xirecir çêkirin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' &quot;''Çê''&quot; bi maneya &quot;''baş''&quot; e, û &quot;''çêkirin''&quot; ji bo tiştên pozîtîv likar e, li nav milet jî ev wisa ye. Lewma ev xelet e. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 20:00, 24 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[bêonurane]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:19, 26 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:09, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[sabûnsazxane]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Xelet e û bêçavkanî ye. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:24, 26 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:08, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[sîrkxane]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:30, 26 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[rewanwerziş]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:33, 26 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:11, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[rewanwerzişxane]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:34, 26 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:12, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[qeşaşîrxane]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:36, 26 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:14, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[tiwaletxane]]&lt;/s&gt; ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:37, 26 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:14, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[anînder]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Di hin çavkanîyan de wek formeke &quot;''der'''''anîn'''&quot;ê hatîye qeydkirin. Lê belê çavkanîyeke eslî (ne ji kitêbên gramerê) peyda nabe ji bo vê kelîmeyê. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:24, 27 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

== [[rastî nîşandan]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:14, 30 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

= Sibat 2025 =

== [[pir hindik#p-mane|pir hindik]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:31, 3 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== &lt;s&gt;[[navçegir]]&lt;/s&gt; ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:15, 4 sibat 2025 (UTC)
: Zana farqînî ji xeynî wî çavkanî nîne, çend xeberên anonîm bi forma navçegirî heye lê ew jî têr nake.
{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:47, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[anteroz]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 01:19, 15 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[veşidandin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:43, 15 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[karîwer kirin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 02:01, 16 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[hil girtin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:06, 17 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[wer girtin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:07, 17 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[avkûre]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Mohajeer|Mohajeer]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:36, 18 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[derdek girtin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:42, 18 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[vekitandin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 19:12, 21 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[dînperist]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 01:32, 22 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[ayînperist]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 01:33, 22 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[ayînperistî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 01:33, 22 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[ayînperistane]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 01:33, 22 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[piştrastkirinbar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 01:45, 23 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[diyarkirinbar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 02:08, 23 sibat 2025 (UTC)

== [[hevhatî]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 03:52, 1 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[kerexne]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Rojhilat|Rojhilat]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:05, 1 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[pawan#p-mane|pawan]] ==

Ferhenga Hejar soranî ye, ji bo maneya &quot;cihê qedexekirî, cihê inhisarî&quot; ji xeynî wê çavkanî heye gelo  —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:17, 3 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[taqane]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 02:11, 6 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[gosirmetî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:07, 6 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[matîjêker]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:08, 14 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[hilewesan]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:14, 16 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[peydandin#p-mane|peydandin]] ==

Ji bo maneya [[dûre]], [[paşî]], [[piştî]] wê / wî ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:26, 19 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[peşar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:36, 19 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[nûzaf]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:30, 20 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[deynname]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:08, 20 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[girtek]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:29, 20 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[bêşxane]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:25, 23 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[superleheng]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:34, 23 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[goranparêz]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:54, 27 adar 2025 (UTC)

== [[raber#p-mane|raber]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:09, 1 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[morîvanî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 20:06, 1 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[wevde]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 12:17, 3 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[şandêr]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:31, 3 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[giloverî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Tenê li ser Ferhenga Zaravên Teknîkî û hejmara yekem ya kovara Bernamegehê derbas dibe. —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:10, 4 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[xêvjimêr]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 00:00, 12 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[paşekeft]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Jiyar Hesen|Jiyar Hesen]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:11, 13 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[paşekeft kirin]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Jiyar Hesen|Jiyar Hesen]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 11:12, 13 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[hawirkanî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:36, 20 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[hawirkan]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:18, 21 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

: Di çavkanîyeke de &quot;''hawrikan''&quot; (ku wek forma vê kelîmeyê hatîye nîşandayîn û wek &quot;hevrêyan&quot; a kurmancî ye) bi maneya &quot;''friends''&quot;a îngilîzî hatîye emilandin. Wekî din ti çavkanî nîne ji bo vê peyvê. Ger ev &quot;hevrik&quot;a kurmancî be, li vir dîsa xelet e. Bi her awayî divê were jêbirin. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:28, 21 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[hawirkanî]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Cyrus the virus|Cyrus the virus]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:18, 21 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[hawirkanvanî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:18, 21 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[riberiz]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:39, 21 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

:Ez bawer im ku ev hat peyitandin. Min çavkanî di beşa gotûbêjê de dan û şablona bêçavkanîtiyê rakir. [[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|gotûbêj]]) 06:11, 25 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[awam]] ==
@[[User:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] Min ev kelîme di ferhengên din de nedît. Gelo di kurmancî de tê bikaranîn? —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:09, 23 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

:@[[Bikarhêner:Zerwanda|Zerwanda]] tu jî forma [[vam]] ya vê kelîmeyê diemilînî, gelo çavkanî ji bo wê jî heye? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:11, 23 nîsan 2025 (UTC)
::Min jî li vir peyda kir û dest kar anîn kir, hemin ev li guherrên dengî ên Kurmancî dihat (*ebam &gt; *ewam &gt; *wam &gt; vam; wek *ebaj- &gt; {{q|ku|vajî}}). Min gotibû qey di zarawayê kesekî da hebûye û wî bi ser va kiriye û jixwe nepêkan nîn e ku di zimên da hebe îcar rind e, nê min jî serkanî tine ji bonê. [[Bikarhêner:Zerwanda|Zerwanda]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Zerwanda|gotûbêj]]) 21:37, 23 nîsan 2025 (UTC)
:::https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/4UVB2YMZG3.pdf
:::Di vê kitêbê de bi forma wam derbas dibe 1 Wam : qerz, dên. &quot; dîsa jî gereg 3 çavkanî hebe. 
:::Lê di beşa etîmolojiyê de eger em karibin zimanekî yekgirtî biemilînin, dê baştir be. Wekî din &quot;bi vê enflasyona kelîmeyan&quot; em nikarin ti tiştî bidin fêmkirin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:54, 23 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[arvanê hûr]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:48, 27 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[damezrak]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:47, 27 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[mezrak]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 13:49, 27 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

== [[hevhemetî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:25, 6 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[navhemetî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:25, 6 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[entîte]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:08, 17 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[agirvekujêner]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:35, 21 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[progres]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:50, 23 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[bûncî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 22:29, 28 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[tasît]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:36, 31 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[implîcît]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:37, 31 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[hewedar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 19:14, 31 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[destajo]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:38, 31 gulan 2025 (UTC)

== [[binhimbank]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 01:23, 1 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[şîmane]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:31, 2 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[materya]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:12, 5 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[bêtî]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 13:03, 7 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[rîbat]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:21, 9 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[hevtawan]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 10:26, 12 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

:Pirsek: &quot;Hevwate&quot; kelîmeyên ku maneyan wan hev in. &quot;hevtawan&quot; çawa dibe &quot;şirîkên sûcekê&quot;? Gereg sûcên ku tiştê wan hev bin? Ew tişt çi ye? Çima dibe şirîk? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 10:32, 12 hezîran 2025 (UTC)
::Merheba!
::&quot;Hevtawan&quot; anku &quot;şirîkên heman tawanê, kesên ku heman tawan kiriye/dikin&quot;, wek &quot;hevkar = şirîkên heman karî, kesên ku heman karî dikin&quot;, &quot;hevjîn = şirîkên heman jiyanê, kesên ku bi hev re dijîn&quot;... [[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|gotûbêj]]) 06:11, 30 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[zanîş]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 12:07, 14 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[zanîşwer]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 12:07, 14 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[zanmend]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 12:09, 14 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[zandar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:08, 14 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[zayîndar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:12, 14 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[zayindar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 21:12, 14 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[akund]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 01:16, 16 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[destbikar]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 07:41, 22 hezîran 2025 (UTC)

== [[vekitandin]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:DarkAngel2100|DarkAngel2100]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:DarkAngel2100|gotûbêj]]) 10:45, 2 tîrmeh 2025 (UTC)
Çavkanî: Kurdish-English Dictionary by Baran Rizgar

== [[peşarmend]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:54, 5 tîrmeh 2025 (UTC)

== [[zaîd]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 06:59, 6 tîrmeh 2025 (UTC)

== [[Xrîst]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 07:13, 10 tîrmeh 2025 (UTC)

== [[hesibanî kirin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:48, 13 tîrmeh 2025 (UTC)

== [[top danîn]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:08, 13 tîrmeh 2025 (UTC)

== [[çûkger]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Dûrzan|Dûrzan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:49, 18 tîrmeh 2025 (UTC)

== [[dûneçkar]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:212.175.166.246|212.175.166.246]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:38, 10 tebax 2025 (UTC)

== [[sermirov]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 15:22, 13 tebax 2025 (UTC)

== [[nifira Esed]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 16:00, 19 tebax 2025 (UTC)

== [[dilkrîz]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Kurd87612|Kurd87612]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:44, 23 tebax 2025 (UTC)

== [[berxa Xwedê]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Kurd87612|Kurd87612]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:28, 31 tebax 2025 (UTC)

== [[destmatî]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:47, 21 îlon 2025 (UTC)

== [[sîbaq]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 20:33, 27 îlon 2025 (UTC)

== [[mirovê daristanê]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Hewarwîkîferheng|Hewarwîkîferheng]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 08:09, 18 çiriya pêşîn 2025 (UTC)

== [[çavbijîşk]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 18:30, 24 çiriya pêşîn 2025 (UTC)

== [[makeşar]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 06:46, 14 kanûna pêşîn 2025 (UTC)

:Silav @[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] min bi derew peyv çê nekir. Peyva makeşar di sepana O-ferheng û her wiha di ferhenga online ferhengkurdi.org ya '''Enstîtuya Kurdî ya Stenbolê''' tê xwendin. 
:https://ferhengkurdi.org/tr/kelime/make%C5%9Far-n [[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Avestaboy|gotûbêj]]) 11:07, 18 kanûna pêşîn 2025 (UTC)
::Krîterên me yên tevlîkirina kelîmeyan heye. Ev made rîayeta wan krîteran nake. Lewma min vê kelîmeyê li vir bicih kir. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 23:28, 18 kanûna pêşîn 2025 (UTC)

== [[bihîstinzanî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:30, 23 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[hevdilî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:28, 24 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[kemisandin]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:45, 24 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[kexme]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:53, 24 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[lêpirsyarker]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:32, 24 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[raypirs]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:34, 24 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[helwestpirs]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:34, 24 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[kopirî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' xuyaye maneyeke wekî pir jî heye dikare were zêdekirin  —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:33, 25 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[merxeme]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:55, 25 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[mohl]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Far ati|Far ati]] ''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:14, 25 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[irfandarî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:30, 26 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[axulme]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:20, 30 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== [[şewane]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:26, 1 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[poezî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:27, 1 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[sebaxker]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:20, 1 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[sebaxfiroş]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:21, 1 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[siboxfiroş]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:21, 1 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[diyardenasîtî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:26, 1 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[dawxane]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 10:41, 3 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[pêşajotî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:15, 3 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[kontînentaltirîn]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:35, 3 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[azmayîşker]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:16, 3 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[ateşparêz]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 05:19, 4 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[kurtetarîx]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 11:52, 4 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[besayetî]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:57, 4 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[tawbijêr]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:45, 4 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[destbir]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 11:30, 5 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[nekider]] ==
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:56, 5 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[niqar]] ==
 —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:39, 5 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[parêzîn]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' Ev form li ti derê peyda nabe. Berî çendîn salan hatîye çêkirin. Bi qenaeta min şaş e, lewma em jê bibin. — [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:29, 6 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[stêrfizîk]] ==
. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:33, 6 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[pêçavik]] ==
. Eger ev kelîmeyeke mehelî be, Jkx şablona {{şx|dever|cihê ku lê tê bikaranîn}} li madeyê zêde bike. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:59, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[qerqef]] ==
. Eger ev kelîmeyeke mehelî be, Jkx şablona {{şx|dever|cihê ku lê tê bikaranîn}} li madeyê zêde bike. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:17, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[rakar]] ==
. Eger ev kelîmeyeke mehelî be, Jkx şablona {{şx|dever|cihê ku lê tê bikaranîn}} li madeyê zêde bike. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:30, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[remilîn]] ==
. Eger ev kelîmeyeke mehelî be, Jkx şablona {{şx|dever|cihê ku lê tê bikaranîn}} li madeyê zêde bike. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:36, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[segurî]] ==
. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:51, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[serdev]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:10, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[serziman]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:01, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[tenîsk]] ==
di Înternetê de gelek netîce derdikevin lê ji bo ku dûre ez kontrol bikim û çavkaniyên sehîh binivîsim li vir îlawe dikim. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:53, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[tertî]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:58, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[tirut]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:25, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[tizqa]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:28, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[têkilîdêr]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:31, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[tîtalk]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:33, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[vircoq]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:45, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[xilêbat]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]]. Li gorî kurteya çêkirina sayfeyê li Qamişlo û Amûdê tê bikaranîn. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:14, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[xin_û_cûc]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:27, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[çiteba]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:38, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[desttêl]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 08:45, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[Mîmedol]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 08:51, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[alaf]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:01, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[aşirme]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 10:13, 10 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[geledîmentî]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:54, 13 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[çendîmentî]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:54, 13 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[paşmak]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:34, 15 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[rojeng]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:41, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[bereyîşk]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:47, 19 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[wesekname]] ==

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:08, 22 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[cemaetgeh]] ==
Bnr. [[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Krîterên tevlîkirinê]] —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:17, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>9rpkepxx651rca2bt1ecyif3nvgvtn2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>endeko</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>844571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291490</id>
      <parentid>6242407</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291490</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="601" sha1="r05fxezufp5lg46tnazic92x7p9wvdr" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[File:Yellow Sweet Clover.jpg|thumb|300px|sweet clover (''Melilotus officinalis)'']]
{{ku-tewîn-nav|endeko|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Giyayekî weke [[nefel]]ê ye lê hem pelikên wî ji yên nefelê biçûktir in hem giyayekî bêhnxweş e.
#: {{nm|ku|Min [[baq]]ek '''endeko''' da dergistiya xwe.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|عەندەکۆ}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|sweet clover}} (yellow sweet clover)
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|sarı taş yoncası}}, {{W|tr|eşek yoncası}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>r05fxezufp5lg46tnazic92x7p9wvdr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Şablon:mustafa gazî</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>860930</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290808</id>
      <parentid>4266138</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T12:31:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290808</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="327" sha1="jjmzzxh7b6a9h8clemu3zu2j7y9n1zj" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{pirtûk|nivîskar={{w|Mustafa Gazî}}|url=http://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/R8ENYXPVT3.pdf|sernav=Ferheng Kurdî-Tirkî|sernavê orjînal=|weşanxane=Enstîtuya Kurdî ya Amedê|sal=2006|rûpel={{{r|}}}|isbn=975-98532-4-8}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{belgekirin}} [[Kategorî:Çavkanî|ferheng]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jjmzzxh7b6a9h8clemu3zu2j7y9n1zj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Şablon:Ç:ku:Musa Anter:1967</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>861631</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290809</id>
      <parentid>6112761</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T12:32:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290809</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="300" sha1="bwo36wvbo1pq920um2ow7wmcdr0vj0a" xml:space="preserve">{{pirtûk|nivîskar={{w|Musa Anter}}|url=http://tirsik.net/danegeh/pirtuk/musa%20anter/ferhenga%20kurdi%20musa%20anter.pdf|sernav=Ferhenga Khurdî - Tirkî|weşanxane=Yeni Matbaa|cih=Istanbul|sal=1967|rûpel={{{r|{{{rûpel|}}}}}}}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{belgekirin}} [[Kategorî:Çavkanî|ferheng]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bwo36wvbo1pq920um2ow7wmcdr0vj0a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/common.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>873671</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290827</id>
      <parentid>6277147</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:10:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290827</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11049" sha1="b80q1xtq84yz8rmaeg71glvue0amkct" xml:space="preserve">mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-defaultVisibilityToggles.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-defaultVisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------QQ.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------start.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------aWa.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.css]]
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
/*

/*---------add-examples.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/loader.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript')

importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-citoid-helper.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-citoid-helper.js]] 

importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-linkify.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-linkify.js]] 


importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/copyTitle.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/copyTitle.js]] 
// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/addAutoCat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/newentrywiz.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/newentrywiz.js]] 
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/VisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/VisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/CreateTranslation.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/CreateTranslation.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/defaultVisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/defaultVisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-catfix.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-catfix.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/wergerîne.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/wergerîne.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/getinflections.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/getinflections.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/şablon-lêke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/şablon-lêke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/editor.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/editor.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/UpdateLanguageNameAndCode.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/UpdateLanguageNameAndCode.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder-Data.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder-Data.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/LanguageUtils.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/LanguageUtils.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[:w:Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/OngletPurge.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/OngletPurge.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// This array of dependencies comes from [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]].
// If the list of dependencies changes, copy the text after dependencies=
// for TranslationAdder and run console.log(JSON.stringify(&quot;paste dependencies here&quot;.split(/, ?/)))
// in your browser's JavaScript console. Put the resulting array as the first argument to mw.loader.using.
//[[User:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder.js]]
//mw.loader.using([&quot;ext.gadget.LegacyScriptsNewNode&quot;,&quot;mediawiki.cookie&quot;,&quot;mediawiki.util&quot;],
//function() {
//	importScript('User:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder.js');
//});

mw.loader.load('https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:BrandonXLF/TodoList.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
/*
// [[:w:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-edittop.js]]
mw.loader.load('//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Gadget-edittop.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Balyozbot/Gadget-CommonWikt.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Balyozbot/Gadget-CommonWikt.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/hw-ceke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/hw-ceke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/sort-langheaders.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/sort-langheaders.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[:en:User:Conrad.Irwin/Api.js]]
mw.loader.load('//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=User:Conrad.Irwin/Api.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/etîket-çêke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/etîket-çêke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/tagger.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/tagger.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-CatMaker.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-CatMaker.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/VisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/VisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-WiktAccFormCreation.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-WiktAccFormCreation.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/XMLize.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/XMLize.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/RhymesAdder.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/RhymesAdder.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Editor.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Editor.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/FilterTranslations.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/FilterTranslations.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/custom.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/custom.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/reformat.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/reformat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/translateWiki.js]] ji aliyê [[Bikarhêner:Guherto]], [[Taybet:PermanentLink/4854098#Translatewiki.net]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/translateWiki.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// Various fixes for the trees generated by [[Module:family tree]].
$(function () {
	// Show the top toggle.
	$('.familytree-toptoggle').css('display', '');
	
	// Initialize the text of the toggles.
	$('.familytree').get().forEach(function (tree) {
		var isCollapsed = tree.classList.contains('mw-collapsed');
		var toggles = $(tree).find('.familytree-toggle');
		if (toggles[0]) {
			var customToggleClass = Array.prototype.filter.call(toggles[0].classList, function (className) {
				return className.indexOf('mw-customtoggle-familytree') === 0;
			})[0];
			if (customToggleClass) {
				var toggledElement = $('#' + customToggleClass.replace('mw-customtoggle', 'mw-customcollapsible'));
				if (toggledElement) {
					toggles.html(toggledElement.data(isCollapsed ? 'expandtext' : 'collapsetext'));
				}
			}
		}
	});
	
	// Change the text in the custom toggles generated by [[Module:family tree]]
	// when they are clicked.
	$('.mw-collapsible').on('beforeExpand.mw-collapsible beforeCollapse.mw-collapsible',
    function (event) {
        if (this.id.indexOf('mw-customcollapsible-familytree') === 0) {
            var toggle = $('.' + this.id.replace('mw-customcollapsible', 'mw-customtoggle'));
            if (event.type === 'beforeExpand') {
                toggle.html(this.dataset.collapsetext);
            } else { // beforeCollapse
                toggle.html(this.dataset.expandtext);
            }
            event.stopPropagation();
        }
    });
});
*/
mw.util.addPortletLink( mw.config.get('skin') === 'vector' ? 'p-views' : 'p-cactions', '/w/index.php?title=' + mw.config.get('wgPageName') + '&amp;action=edit&amp;editintro=User:Wikihez/usenec', 'nec', 'id', 'use the New Entry Creator to create a new entry', 'a', 'nextnode');</text>
      <sha1>b80q1xtq84yz8rmaeg71glvue0amkct</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290829</id>
      <parentid>6290827</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:18:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290829</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11353" sha1="8oxcww5tti4ijeqdgj3792x5i89enpx" xml:space="preserve">/*---------Gadget-morebits.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-defaultVisibilityToggles.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-defaultVisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------QQ.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------start.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------aWa.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.css]]
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
/*

/*---------add-examples.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/loader.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript')

importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-citoid-helper.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-citoid-helper.js]] 

importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-linkify.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-linkify.js]] 


importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/copyTitle.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/copyTitle.js]] 
// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/addAutoCat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/newentrywiz.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/newentrywiz.js]] 
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/VisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/VisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/CreateTranslation.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/CreateTranslation.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/defaultVisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/defaultVisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-catfix.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-catfix.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/wergerîne.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/wergerîne.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/getinflections.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/getinflections.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/şablon-lêke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/şablon-lêke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/editor.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/editor.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/UpdateLanguageNameAndCode.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/UpdateLanguageNameAndCode.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder-Data.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder-Data.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/LanguageUtils.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/LanguageUtils.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[:w:Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/OngletPurge.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/OngletPurge.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// This array of dependencies comes from [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]].
// If the list of dependencies changes, copy the text after dependencies=
// for TranslationAdder and run console.log(JSON.stringify(&quot;paste dependencies here&quot;.split(/, ?/)))
// in your browser's JavaScript console. Put the resulting array as the first argument to mw.loader.using.
//[[User:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder.js]]
//mw.loader.using([&quot;ext.gadget.LegacyScriptsNewNode&quot;,&quot;mediawiki.cookie&quot;,&quot;mediawiki.util&quot;],
//function() {
//	importScript('User:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder.js');
//});

mw.loader.load('https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:BrandonXLF/TodoList.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
/*
// [[:w:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-edittop.js]]
mw.loader.load('//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Gadget-edittop.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Balyozbot/Gadget-CommonWikt.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Balyozbot/Gadget-CommonWikt.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/hw-ceke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/hw-ceke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/sort-langheaders.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/sort-langheaders.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[:en:User:Conrad.Irwin/Api.js]]
mw.loader.load('//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=User:Conrad.Irwin/Api.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/etîket-çêke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/etîket-çêke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/tagger.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/tagger.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-CatMaker.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-CatMaker.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/VisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/VisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-WiktAccFormCreation.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-WiktAccFormCreation.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/XMLize.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/XMLize.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/RhymesAdder.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/RhymesAdder.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Editor.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Editor.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/FilterTranslations.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/FilterTranslations.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/custom.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/custom.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/reformat.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/reformat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/translateWiki.js]] ji aliyê [[Bikarhêner:Guherto]], [[Taybet:PermanentLink/4854098#Translatewiki.net]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/translateWiki.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// Various fixes for the trees generated by [[Module:family tree]].
$(function () {
	// Show the top toggle.
	$('.familytree-toptoggle').css('display', '');
	
	// Initialize the text of the toggles.
	$('.familytree').get().forEach(function (tree) {
		var isCollapsed = tree.classList.contains('mw-collapsed');
		var toggles = $(tree).find('.familytree-toggle');
		if (toggles[0]) {
			var customToggleClass = Array.prototype.filter.call(toggles[0].classList, function (className) {
				return className.indexOf('mw-customtoggle-familytree') === 0;
			})[0];
			if (customToggleClass) {
				var toggledElement = $('#' + customToggleClass.replace('mw-customtoggle', 'mw-customcollapsible'));
				if (toggledElement) {
					toggles.html(toggledElement.data(isCollapsed ? 'expandtext' : 'collapsetext'));
				}
			}
		}
	});
	
	// Change the text in the custom toggles generated by [[Module:family tree]]
	// when they are clicked.
	$('.mw-collapsible').on('beforeExpand.mw-collapsible beforeCollapse.mw-collapsible',
    function (event) {
        if (this.id.indexOf('mw-customcollapsible-familytree') === 0) {
            var toggle = $('.' + this.id.replace('mw-customcollapsible', 'mw-customtoggle'));
            if (event.type === 'beforeExpand') {
                toggle.html(this.dataset.collapsetext);
            } else { // beforeCollapse
                toggle.html(this.dataset.expandtext);
            }
            event.stopPropagation();
        }
    });
});
*/
mw.util.addPortletLink( mw.config.get('skin') === 'vector' ? 'p-views' : 'p-cactions', '/w/index.php?title=' + mw.config.get('wgPageName') + '&amp;action=edit&amp;editintro=User:Wikihez/usenec', 'nec', 'id', 'use the New Entry Creator to create a new entry', 'a', 'nextnode');</text>
      <sha1>8oxcww5tti4ijeqdgj3792x5i89enpx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290832</id>
      <parentid>6290829</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:29:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290832</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11755" sha1="pfis90819kadwlcx2gvuf7val63kfyv" xml:space="preserve">/*---------Gadget-morebits.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/templateParamRenamer.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/templateParamRenamer.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/citeKurdifier.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/citeKurdifier.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-defaultVisibilityToggles.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-defaultVisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------QQ.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------start.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

/*---------aWa.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.css]]
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-aWa.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
/*

/*---------add-examples.js-------------
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js]]
[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css]]*/
mw.loader.load(mw.util.wikiScript() + '?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css', 'text/css');
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/loader.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript')

importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-citoid-helper.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-citoid-helper.js]] 

importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-linkify.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-linkify.js]] 


importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/copyTitle.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/copyTitle.js]] 
// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/addAutoCat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
importScript( 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/newentrywiz.js' ); // Backlink: [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/newentrywiz.js]] 
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/VisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/VisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/CreateTranslation.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/CreateTranslation.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/defaultVisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/defaultVisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-catfix.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-catfix.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/wergerîne.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/wergerîne.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/getinflections.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/getinflections.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript2.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/şablon-lêke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/şablon-lêke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/editor.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/editor.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/UpdateLanguageNameAndCode.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/UpdateLanguageNameAndCode.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder-Data.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder-Data.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/LanguageUtils.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/LanguageUtils.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[:w:Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/OngletPurge.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/OngletPurge.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// This array of dependencies comes from [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]].
// If the list of dependencies changes, copy the text after dependencies=
// for TranslationAdder and run console.log(JSON.stringify(&quot;paste dependencies here&quot;.split(/, ?/)))
// in your browser's JavaScript console. Put the resulting array as the first argument to mw.loader.using.
//[[User:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder.js]]
//mw.loader.using([&quot;ext.gadget.LegacyScriptsNewNode&quot;,&quot;mediawiki.cookie&quot;,&quot;mediawiki.util&quot;],
//function() {
//	importScript('User:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/TranslationAdder.js');
//});

mw.loader.load('https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:BrandonXLF/TodoList.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
/*
// [[:w:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-edittop.js]]
mw.loader.load('//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Gadget-edittop.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/addAutoCat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Balyozbot/Gadget-CommonWikt.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Balyozbot/Gadget-CommonWikt.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/hw-ceke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/hw-ceke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/sort-langheaders.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/sort-langheaders.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[:en:User:Conrad.Irwin/Api.js]]
mw.loader.load('//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=User:Conrad.Irwin/Api.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/etîket-çêke.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/etîket-çêke.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/tagger.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/tagger.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');
//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-CatMaker.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-CatMaker.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/VisibilityToggles.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/VisibilityToggles.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-WiktAccFormCreation.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-WiktAccFormCreation.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/XMLize.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/XMLize.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/RhymesAdder.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/RhymesAdder.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Editor.js]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Editor.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');


//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/FilterTranslations.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/FilterTranslations.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/custom.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/custom.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/reformat.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/reformat.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript.js]]
//mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/templateScript.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

//[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/translateWiki.js]] ji aliyê [[Bikarhêner:Guherto]], [[Taybet:PermanentLink/4854098#Translatewiki.net]]
mw.loader.load('//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/translateWiki.js&amp;action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript');

// Various fixes for the trees generated by [[Module:family tree]].
$(function () {
	// Show the top toggle.
	$('.familytree-toptoggle').css('display', '');
	
	// Initialize the text of the toggles.
	$('.familytree').get().forEach(function (tree) {
		var isCollapsed = tree.classList.contains('mw-collapsed');
		var toggles = $(tree).find('.familytree-toggle');
		if (toggles[0]) {
			var customToggleClass = Array.prototype.filter.call(toggles[0].classList, function (className) {
				return className.indexOf('mw-customtoggle-familytree') === 0;
			})[0];
			if (customToggleClass) {
				var toggledElement = $('#' + customToggleClass.replace('mw-customtoggle', 'mw-customcollapsible'));
				if (toggledElement) {
					toggles.html(toggledElement.data(isCollapsed ? 'expandtext' : 'collapsetext'));
				}
			}
		}
	});
	
	// Change the text in the custom toggles generated by [[Module:family tree]]
	// when they are clicked.
	$('.mw-collapsible').on('beforeExpand.mw-collapsible beforeCollapse.mw-collapsible',
    function (event) {
        if (this.id.indexOf('mw-customcollapsible-familytree') === 0) {
            var toggle = $('.' + this.id.replace('mw-customcollapsible', 'mw-customtoggle'));
            if (event.type === 'beforeExpand') {
                toggle.html(this.dataset.collapsetext);
            } else { // beforeCollapse
                toggle.html(this.dataset.expandtext);
            }
            event.stopPropagation();
        }
    });
});
*/
mw.util.addPortletLink( mw.config.get('skin') === 'vector' ? 'p-views' : 'p-cactions', '/w/index.php?title=' + mw.config.get('wgPageName') + '&amp;action=edit&amp;editintro=User:Wikihez/usenec', 'nec', 'id', 'use the New Entry Creator to create a new entry', 'a', 'nextnode');</text>
      <sha1>pfis90819kadwlcx2gvuf7val63kfyv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/common.css</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>874440</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290817</id>
      <parentid>6277012</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:21:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290817</origin>
      <model>css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="354" sha1="rhnfk2spqgrmwi3v7qcn4jo1ctecjbu" xml:space="preserve">/* [[Şablon:manelazim]]: dema ku amûra &quot;Pênaseyê temam bike&quot; bi awayekî serkeftî were
   barkirin, nivîsa cîgir a &quot;manelazim&quot; tê veşartin; ji bo bikarhênerên bêyî
   JavaScript, ev nivîs xuya dibe (ji ber vê yekê em .manelazim bi xwe naşehitînin). */
.fill-definition-resolved &gt; .manelazim {
	display: none;
}

.jeder{
	display:none;
}</text>
      <sha1>rhnfk2spqgrmwi3v7qcn4jo1ctecjbu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290821</id>
      <parentid>6290817</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:25:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Restored revision 6277012 by [[Special:Contributions/Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[User talk:Wikihez|talk]]) ([[:m:User:Xiplus/TwinkleGlobal|TwinkleGlobal]])</comment>
      <origin>6290821</origin>
      <model>css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="377" sha1="5a7o3w9p84x02bvhesx2b7blaq6my2g" xml:space="preserve">/* [[Şablon:manelazim]]: dema ku amûra &quot;Pênaseyê temam bike&quot; bi awayekî serkeftî were
   barkirin, nivîsa cîgir a &quot;manelazim&quot; tê veşartin; ji bo bikarhênerên bêyî
   JavaScript, ev nivîs xuya dibe (ji ber vê yekê em .manelazim bi xwe naşehitînin). */
.fill-definition-resolved &gt; .manelazim {
	display: none;
}

.jeder {
   /* display: revert !important;*/

}</text>
      <sha1>5a7o3w9p84x02bvhesx2b7blaq6my2g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Kêmasî</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>933931</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290810</id>
      <parentid>4869345</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T13:04:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290810</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="1499" sha1="4qlvcpk15u0gyl59x1ul0w5cu6u82j6" xml:space="preserve">-- [[Şablon:rbşk]] (kurteya rûpelên bi şaşî û kêmasî)
local k = {}
local b = require(&quot;Modul:bingeh&quot;)
function k.kemasi(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local text  = args[&quot;nivîs&quot;]
	if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().nsText == &quot;Şablon&quot; then
		text = &quot;Vê şablonê li ser kategoriyên kontrolkirinê bi kar bîne&quot;
	end
	
	local vala = mw.site.stats.pagesInCategory(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text, &quot;all&quot;) == 0

	local sort  = args[1] or frame.args[1]

	if not sort then 
		sort = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text
	end

	local hidden  = args[2] or frame.args[2]
	
	if not hidden then 
		hidden = &quot;&quot;
	else
		hidden = &quot;__HIDDENCAT__&quot;
	end
	
	if vala == true then 
		return &quot;__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__&quot; .. hidden
		.. &quot;[[Kategorî:Rûpelên bi şaşî û kêmasî yên xilasbûyî|&quot; .. sort .. &quot;]]&quot;
		.. mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = &quot;maintenance box&quot;, args = {
		&quot;blue&quot;,
		image = &quot;[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|50px]]&quot;,
		text = &quot;Ev kategorî ji bo kontrolkirina xeletiyên rûpelan in. Vê kategoriyê tenê ji bo ku vala ye jê nebin.&quot;,
		title = text,
		}}
	else
		return &quot;__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__&quot; .. hidden
		.. &quot;[[Kategorî:Rûpelên bi şaşî û kêmasî|&quot; .. sort .. &quot;]]&quot;
		.. mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = &quot;maintenance box&quot;, args = {
		&quot;blue&quot;,
		image = &quot;[[File:Ambox warning pn.svg|50px]]&quot;,
		text = &quot;Ev kategorî ji bo kontrolkirina xeletiyên rûpelan in. Vê kategoriyê tenê ji bo ku vala ye jê nebin.&quot;,
		title = text,
		}}
	end
end

return k</text>
      <sha1>4qlvcpk15u0gyl59x1ul0w5cu6u82j6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>birewş</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>934113</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291491</id>
      <parentid>6257415</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291491</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="523" sha1="ts84q6fbvjm1bx5mhk4qipe69g9ynmy" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|birewş}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[xweş|Xweş]], [[bizewq]], [[baş]], bê [[nexweşî]], bi [[şahî]].
#: {{nm|ku|Roja te geş  û '''birewş''' bît.}}

==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|برەوش}}

==== Formên alternatîv ====
* [[bi rewş]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bi|rewş}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|delightful}}, {{W+|en|joyful}}, {{W+|en|pleasant}}, {{W+|en|lovely}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ts84q6fbvjm1bx5mhk4qipe69g9ynmy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>unexpected</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>934469</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291492</id>
      <parentid>6100622</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291492</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="219" sha1="de690lv4jtec5vfgqq6e0x8q01lu9oh" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|en}}
# [[nepayî]], [[nişkî]], [[nişkayî]], [[çaverênekirî]], [[surprîz]], [[nehêvîkirî]]
#: {{nm|en|'''Unexpected''' journey|Rêwîtîya nehêvîkirî|rêz=1}}</text>
      <sha1>de690lv4jtec5vfgqq6e0x8q01lu9oh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>وازهێنان</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>934773</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291493</id>
      <parentid>6239120</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291493</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="486" sha1="ayicllusw9gjdxw9f1uctt7cdpkufiz" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ckb}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ckb|c=gh}}
# [[dest jê kişandin]], [[dest jê berdan]], [[hêlan]] {{şerh|hêlana kesekî yan hiştina tiştekî yan rawestina ji karekî ve}}&lt;ref name=&quot;muk&quot;&gt;{{Fer:kur-kur:gîw}}&lt;/ref&gt;
#: {{hevmane|ckb|دەستهەلگرتن}}
#: {{nm|ckb|tr=Donald Trump '''waz''' le rêkkewtinî etomî legel Êran '''hêna'''.}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|ckb|tr=wazhêner}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ckb|waz|hênan}}.

=== Çavkanî ===
{{Çavkanî}}</text>
      <sha1>ayicllusw9gjdxw9f1uctt7cdpkufiz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>969083</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290820</id>
      <parentid>6276876</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:25:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290820</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="1832" sha1="hkchv58y5mnst3qk7t0f45qu26slf7r" xml:space="preserve">// Ji bo şablonên [[Şablon:jêder]] hatiye nivîsandin.
// Parametreyên ku di navbera &quot;&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&quot; an &quot;{{j-pêwîst|...}}&quot; de ne venaşêre.
$(function() {
	function nivisaKurtTevliBike(sund, nivisKurt) {
		var zede = $('&lt;a&gt;+&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'zêdetir')
						.css('font-weight', 'bold');

		var kurt = $(' &lt;a&gt;↩&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click-kurt')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'veşêre')
						.css('font-weight', 'bold');

		$('&lt;span&gt;' + nivisKurt + '&lt;/span&gt;')
			.append(zede).append(')')
			.addClass('jeder-kurt')
			.css('font-size', '0.85em')
			.insertAfter(sund);

		sund.append(' ').append(kurt);

		// Only hide the full citation once the short summary actually exists.
		// If this script never runs (no-JS clients, hover-preview extracts,
		// action=render, etc.), the full citation stays visible instead of
		// silently disappearing.
		sund.css('display', 'none');
	}

	function vesere() {
		$('.jeder').each(function() {
			var elmTab = $(this).find('.j-pewist').clone();
			if (elmTab.length) {
				var elm = '';
				for (var i = elmTab.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {
					elm = elmTab.eq(i).html() + ', ' + elm;
				}
				var nivisKurt = ' — (' + elm;
				nivisaKurtTevliBike($(this), nivisKurt);
			}
			// else: no j-pewist fields to shorten — leave the full citation
			// as it already renders (visible), nothing to do.
		});
	}

	vesere();

	$(&quot;.click&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').css('display', 'none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').prev().css('display', 'inline');
	});
	$(&quot;.click-kurt&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder').css('display', 'none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder').next().css('display', 'inline');
	});
});</text>
      <sha1>hkchv58y5mnst3qk7t0f45qu26slf7r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bi gumana min</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>969587</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291494</id>
      <parentid>6197197</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Hoker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291494</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="772" sha1="2wti3tl8slq2zuw175h3txmkcsy2ot3" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# {{f|ku|biwêjî}} ez dibêjim qey, dişitirim ku
#: {{nm|ku|'''Bi gumana min''' navê wî Merwan bû.}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Di edebiyat û siyaseta kurdewarîde hişyarî bi îtifaq ji Ahmedê Xanî tê destpêkirin. '''Bi gumana min''' ev, 'li xwe hişyarî' hê ji Cizîrî dest pê dike ku (...)|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Bi kurmanciya gewr|url=http://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/MHTBKPRFQV.pdf|weşanxane=Enstîtuya kurdî ya Parîsê|rûpel=81|isbn=2-908416-19-0}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|bi|guman|cuda2=gumana|min}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|I think}}, {{W-|en|I guess}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|sanırım}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>2wti3tl8slq2zuw175h3txmkcsy2ot3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-defaultVisibilityToggles.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>969819</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290818</id>
      <parentid>6290297</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:23:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Restored revision 6281344 by [[Special:Contributions/Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[User talk:Wikihez|talk]]) ([[:m:User:Xiplus/TwinkleGlobal|TwinkleGlobal]])</comment>
      <origin>6290818</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="19232" sha1="nq9vvtyvj0zbwz23o8fyax7zv0ok760" xml:space="preserve">/* jshint undef: true, esversion: 5 */
/* globals $, jQuery, mw, window, getComputedStyle */

(function defaultVisibilityTogglesIIFE() {
	&quot;use strict&quot;;
		
	if (window.noDefaultVisibilityToggles) return;
	
	/* == NavBars == */
	var NavigationBarHide;
	var NavigationBarShow;
	
	var pageLang = mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageContentLanguage&quot;);
	
	if (pageLang === &quot;ku-arab&quot;) {
	    NavigationBarHide = &quot;▲ ڤەشێرە&quot;;
	    NavigationBarShow = &quot;▼ نیشان بده&quot;; 
	}else{
		NavigationBarHide = &quot;veşêre ▲&quot;;
		NavigationBarShow = &quot;nîşan bide ▼&quot;;
	}
	
	function capitalize(s) {
			if (typeof s !== 'string') return '';
			return s.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + s.slice(1);
	}
	// Check if an element has been activated with a toggle.
	// For convenience, this has the side effect of marking the element as having
	// a toggle, if it is not already marked.
	// Allows the functions to avoid toggleifying elements more than once, which
	// can lead to multiple &quot;show&quot; buttons, for instance.
	// The argument must be an Element, not a jQuery object.
	function checkAndSetToggleified(element) {
		if (element.isToggleified) {
			return true;
		}
		element.isToggleified = true;
	}

	// The hidden site-wide gadget (an older, unguarded copy of this
	// script) always runs before this one and, due to its own
	// translations-detection bug, files werger/translation boxes under
	// &quot;Qutiyên din&quot; instead of &quot;Wergeran&quot;. Its registration can't be
	// prevented, but since Toggle objects store their show/hide functions
	// as plain (non-hidden) properties, we can find and remove the stale
	// entry after the fact: call each candidate's hide(), check whether
	// it actually changed *this* element's display, then restore exactly
	// as it was and splice it out if it matched.
	function purgeStaleFallbackToggle(targetElement, fallbackCategoryName) {
		var vt = window.VisibilityToggles;
		if (!vt || !vt.togglesByCategory) {
			return;
		}
		var category = vt.togglesByCategory[fallbackCategoryName];
		if (!category || !category.length) {
			return;
		}

		for (var i = category.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {
			var toggle = category[i];
			if (typeof toggle.hide !== &quot;function&quot; || typeof toggle.show !== &quot;function&quot;) {
				continue;
			}

			var before = targetElement.style.display;
			try {
				toggle.hide();
			} catch (e) {
				continue;
			}
			var isMatch = targetElement.style.display === &quot;none&quot; &amp;&amp; before !== &quot;none&quot;;
			try {
				toggle.show();
			} catch (e) { /* ignore */ }
			// Always force back to the pre-test state exactly, regardless
			// of what show()/hide() left it at, so we never actually
			// change visibility as a side effect of testing.
			targetElement.style.display = before;

			if (isMatch) {
				category.splice(i, 1);
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	
	function getToggleCategory(element, defaultCategory) {
		// FIX: previously used .find(&quot;div&quot;).first().is(&quot;.translations&quot;),
		// which only matched if .translations happened to be the very first
		// &lt;div&gt; descendant in document order. Since NavHead/NavContent wrapper
		// divs usually come first, that check almost always failed and fell
		// through to defaultCategory. Now we just check for presence anywhere.
		if ($(element).find(&quot;div.translations&quot;).length)
			return &quot;Wergeran&quot;;
		if ($(element).find(&quot;table.inflection-table&quot;).length)
			return &quot;Tewandinê&quot;;		
			
		var heading = element;
		while ((heading = heading.previousElementSibling)) {
			// tagName is always uppercase:
			// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/tagName
			var num = heading.tagName.match(/H(\d)/);
			if (num)
				num = Number(num[1]);
			else
				continue;
			if (4 &lt;= num &amp;&amp; num &lt;= 6) {
				if (heading.getElementsByTagName(&quot;span&quot;)[1])
					heading = heading.getElementsByTagName(&quot;span&quot;)[0];
				var text = jQuery(heading).text()
					.toLowerCase()
					// jQuery's .text() is inconsistent about whitespace:
					.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, &quot;&quot;).replace(/\s+/g, &quot; &quot;)
					// remove numbers added by the &quot;Auto-number headings&quot; pref:
					.replace(/^[1-9][0-9.]+ ?/, &quot;&quot;);
				// Toggle category must be convertible to a valid CSS identifier so
				// that it can be used in an id selector in jQuery in
				// ToggleCategory.prototype.newSidebarToggle
				// in [[MediaWiki:Gadget-VisibilityToggles.js]].
				// Spaces must later be converted to hyphens or underscores.
				// Reference: https://drafts.csswg.org/selectors-4/#id-selectors
				if (/^[a-zA-Zêî0-9\s_-]+$/.test(text))
					return capitalize(text) + &quot;ê&quot;;
				else
					break;
			} else if (num)
				break;
		}
		
		return defaultCategory;
	}
	
	function createNavToggle(navFrame) {
		if (checkAndSetToggleified(navFrame)) {
			return;
		}
		
		var navHead, navContent;
		for (var i = 0, children = navFrame.childNodes; i &lt; children.length; ++i) {
			var child = children[i];
			if (child.nodeName === &quot;DIV&quot;) {
				var classList = child.classList;
				if (classList.contains(&quot;NavHead&quot;))
					navHead = child;
				if (classList.contains(&quot;NavContent&quot;))
					navContent = child;
			}
		}
		if (!(navHead &amp;&amp; navContent))
			return;

		// The hidden site-wide gadget (an older, unguarded copy of this
		// script) may have already run on this exact NavFrame before we
		// got a chance to (since mw.hook re-fires cached content for
		// handlers added later). Strip any toggle button/handler it left
		// behind so we don't end up with two stacked &quot;[show/hide]&quot; links,
		// and so navHead's click always goes through our own logic below.
		// Note: this only cleans up the DOM. It cannot remove the
		// registration the old gadget already made in
		// window.VisibilityToggles' internal category list (that data
		// lives in a separate gadget file we don't control), so the old
		// &quot;Qutiyên din&quot; sidebar entry for this box may still exist as an
		// orphan alongside the correct one.
		$(navHead).find(&quot;.NavToggle&quot;).remove();
		navHead.onclick = null;
		
		// Step 1, don't react when a subitem is clicked.
		$(navHead).find(&quot;a&quot;).on(&quot;click&quot;, function (e) {
			e.stopPropagation();
			e.stopImmediatePropagation();
		});
				
		// Step 2, toggle visibility when bar is clicked.
		// NOTE This function was chosen due to some funny behaviour in Safari.
		var $navToggle = $(&quot;&lt;a&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;button&quot;).attr(&quot;tabindex&quot;, &quot;0&quot;);
		
		$(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;NavToggle&quot;).attr(&quot;data-nosnippet&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			.append($navToggle)
			.prependTo(navHead);
		
		navHead.style.cursor = &quot;pointer&quot;;
		var toggleCategory = $(navFrame).data(&quot;toggle-category&quot;)
			|| getToggleCategory(navFrame, &quot;Qutiyên din&quot;);

		// If we correctly determined a real category (not the fallback),
		// remove any stale &quot;Qutiyên din&quot; entry the hidden gadget may have
		// already registered for this same navContent.
		if (toggleCategory !== &quot;Qutiyên din&quot;) {
			purgeStaleFallbackToggle(navContent, &quot;Qutiyên din&quot;);
		}

		navHead.onclick = window.VisibilityToggles.register(toggleCategory,
			function show() {
				$navToggle.html(NavigationBarHide);
				if (navContent)
					navContent.style.display = &quot;block&quot;;
			},
			function hide() {
				$navToggle.html(NavigationBarShow);
				if (navContent)
					navContent.style.display = &quot;none&quot;;
			});
	}
	
	function createNavToggleForInflectionTable(it) {
		if (checkAndSetToggleified(it)) {
			return;
		}
		
		// The table caption is the clickable element
		var itCaption = $(it).find(&quot;caption&quot;).get(0);

		// See note in createNavToggle above — clean up anything the
		// hidden site gadget already added to this element.
		$(itCaption).find(&quot;.NavToggle&quot;).remove();
		itCaption.onclick = null;
		
		// Step 1, don't react when a subitem is clicked.
		$(itCaption).find(&quot;a&quot;).on(&quot;click&quot;, function (e) {
			e.stopPropagation();
			e.stopImmediatePropagation();
		});
				
		// Step 2, toggle visibility when bar is clicked.
		// NOTE This function was chosen due to some funny behaviour in Safari.
		var $navToggle = $(&quot;&lt;a&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;button&quot;).attr(&quot;tabindex&quot;, &quot;0&quot;);
		
		$(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;NavToggle&quot;).attr(&quot;data-nosnippet&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			.append($navToggle)
			.prependTo(itCaption);
		
		itCaption.style.cursor = &quot;pointer&quot;;
		var toggleCategory = $(it).data(&quot;toggle-category&quot;)
			|| getToggleCategory(it, &quot;Qutiyên din&quot;);
		itCaption.onclick = window.VisibilityToggles.register(toggleCategory,
			function show() {
				$navToggle.html(NavigationBarHide);
				if (it) {
					it.classList.remove(&quot;inflection-table-collapsed&quot;);
				}
			},
			function hide() {
				$navToggle.html(NavigationBarShow);
				if (it) {
					it.classList.add(&quot;inflection-table-collapsed&quot;);
				}
			});
			
		// Check to see if we are on a browser that is known to support
		// visibility: collapse, which permits inflection table headings to wrap.
		// WebKit needs to be special-cased, as technically it does support
		// visibility: collapse, but it just implements it as a synonym for
		// visibility: hidden, which is useless. (as of November 2024)
		// Yes, I know User-Agent sniffing is so 2004... but WebKit is the new IE
		if (
			CSS &amp;&amp; CSS.supports &amp;&amp; CSS.supports(&quot;visibility:collapse&quot;) &amp;&amp;
			// exclude WebKit/Safari, excepting Blink engines which have a frozen WebKit version number
			(navigator.userAgent.indexOf(&quot;AppleWebKit/&quot;) === -1 || navigator.userAgent.indexOf(&quot;AppleWebKit/537.36&quot;) &gt; -1)
		) {
			it.classList.remove(&quot;no-vc&quot;);
		} else {
			// Strange behaviour occurs when you set the table caption to nowrap
			// The [show/hide] toggle crashes into the caption text
			// This spacer element prevents that
			$(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;no-vc-spacer&quot;).appendTo(itCaption);
		}
	}
	
	/* ==Hidden Quotes== */
	function setupHiddenQuotes(li) {
		if (checkAndSetToggleified(li)) {
			return;
		}
		
		var HQToggle, liComp, dl;
		var HQShow;
		var HQHide;

		// See note in createNavToggle above — remove any HQToggle span
		// the hidden site gadget already inserted for this li.
		$(li).children(&quot;.HQToggle&quot;).remove();
	
		if (pageLang === &quot;ku-arab&quot;) {
		    HQShow = '▼ ژێگرتن';
		    HQHide = '▲ ژێگرتن';
		} else {
			HQShow = 'jêgirtin ▼';
			HQHide = 'jêgirtin ▲';
		}

		function show() {
			HQToggle.html(HQHide);
			$(li).children(&quot;ul&quot;).show();
		}
		function hide() {
			HQToggle.html(HQShow);
			$(li).children(&quot;ul&quot;).hide();
		}
		
		for (var k = 0; k &lt; li.childNodes.length; k++) {
			// Look at each component of the definition.
			liComp = li.childNodes[k];
			if (liComp.nodeName.toLowerCase() === &quot;dl&quot; &amp;&amp; !dl) {
				dl = liComp;
			}
			// If we find a ul or dl, we have quotes or example sentences, and thus need a button.
			if (/^(ul|UL)$/.test(liComp.nodeName)) {
				HQToggle = $(&quot;&lt;a&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;button&quot;).attr(&quot;tabindex&quot;, &quot;0&quot;);
				$(dl || liComp).before($(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;HQToggle&quot;).attr(&quot;data-nosnippet&quot;, &quot;&quot;).append(HQToggle).css(&quot;margin-left&quot;, &quot;5px&quot;));
				HQToggle.on(&quot;click&quot;, window.VisibilityToggles.register(&quot;Jêgirtinan&quot;, show, hide));
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	/* == Jêder (citation) toggle ==
	 * Bulk-registers .jeder / .jeder-kurt pairs under a &quot;Jêder&quot; sidebar
	 * category, so they can all be expanded/collapsed at once, the same
	 * way NavFrames, quotes, etc. can. The individual &quot;+&quot;/&quot;↩&quot; click
	 * bindings on .click / .click-kurt are handled by another gadget and
	 * are left untouched here.
	 */
	function setupJederToggle(li) {
		if (checkAndSetToggleified(li)) {
			return;
		}

		var $li = $(li);
		var $jeder = $li.children(&quot;.jeder&quot;);
		var $jederKurt = $li.children(&quot;.jeder-kurt&quot;);

		if (!$jeder.length || !$jederKurt.length) {
			return;
		}

		window.VisibilityToggles.register(&quot;Jêder&quot;,
			function show() {
				$jeder.show();
				$jederKurt.hide();
			},
			function hide() {
				$jeder.hide();
				$jederKurt.show();
			},
			true); // hidden by default — user clicks &quot;Jêder nîşan bide&quot; to expand all
	}
	
	/* == View Switching == */
	
	function viewSwitching(rootElement) {
		if (checkAndSetToggleified(rootElement)) {
			return;
		}
		
		var $rootElement = $(rootElement);
		var showButtonText;
		var hideButtonText;
	
		if (pageLang === &quot;ku-arab&quot;) {
		    showButtonText = $rootElement.data(&quot;vs-showtext&quot;) || &quot;▼ زێده‌تر&quot;;
		    hideButtonText = $rootElement.data(&quot;vs-hidetext&quot;) || &quot;▲ کێمتر&quot;;
		}else{
			showButtonText = $rootElement.data(&quot;vs-showtext&quot;) || &quot;zêdetir ▼&quot;;
			hideButtonText = $rootElement.data(&quot;vs-hidetext&quot;) || &quot;kêmtir ▲&quot;;
		}
		
		var toSkip = $rootElement.find(&quot;.vsSwitcher&quot;).find(&quot;*&quot;);
		var elemsToHide = $rootElement.find(&quot;.vsHide&quot;).not(toSkip);
		var elemsToShow = $rootElement.find(&quot;.vsShow&quot;).not(toSkip);
		
		// Find the element to place the toggle button in.
		var toggleElement = $rootElement.find(&quot;.vsToggleElement&quot;).not(toSkip).first();

		// See note in createNavToggle above — remove anything the hidden
		// site gadget already wired up on this toggleElement.
		toggleElement.find(&quot;.NavToggle&quot;).remove();
		toggleElement.off(&quot;click&quot;);
		
		// The toggleElement becomes clickable in its entirety, but
		// we need to prevent this if a contained link is clicked instead.
		toggleElement.find(&quot;a&quot;).on(&quot;click&quot;, function (e) {
			e.stopPropagation();
			e.stopImmediatePropagation();
		});
		
		// Add the toggle button.
		var toggleButton = $(&quot;&lt;a&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;button&quot;).attr(&quot;tabindex&quot;, &quot;0&quot;);
		
		$(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;NavToggle&quot;).attr(&quot;data-nosnippet&quot;, &quot;&quot;).append(toggleButton).prependTo(toggleElement);
		
		// Determine the visibility toggle category (for the links in the bar on the left).
		var toggleCategory = $rootElement.data(&quot;toggle-category&quot;);
		if (!toggleCategory) {
			var classNames = $rootElement.attr(&quot;class&quot;).split(/\s+/);
			
			for (var i = 0; i &lt; classNames.length; ++i) {
				var className = classNames[i].split(&quot;-&quot;);
				
				if (className[0] == &quot;vsToggleCategory&quot;) {
					toggleCategory = className[1];
				}
			}
		}
		
		if (!toggleCategory)
			toggleCategory = &quot;others&quot;;
		
		// Register the visibility toggle.
		toggleElement.css(&quot;cursor&quot;, &quot;pointer&quot;);
		toggleElement.on(&quot;click&quot;, window.VisibilityToggles.register(toggleCategory,
			function show() {
				toggleButton.html(hideButtonText);
				elemsToShow.hide();
				elemsToHide.show();
			},
			function hide() {
				toggleButton.html(showButtonText);
				elemsToShow.show();
				elemsToHide.hide();
			}));
	}
	
	/* ==List switching== */
	function enableListSwitchGeneric(rootElement) {
		if (checkAndSetToggleified(rootElement)) {
			return;
		}
		
		var $rootElement = $(rootElement);
		
		// Create a toggle button.
		var $toggleElement = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;list-switcher-element&quot;);
		var $navToggle = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;NavToggle&quot;).attr(&quot;data-nosnippet&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
		var $toggleButton = $(&quot;&lt;a&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;button&quot;).attr(&quot;tabindex&quot;, &quot;0&quot;);
		
		// Add the toggle button to the DOM tree.
		$navToggle.append($toggleButton).prependTo($toggleElement);
		$toggleElement.insertBefore($rootElement);
		$toggleElement.show();
		
		// Determine the visibility toggle category (for the links in the bar on the
		// left). It will either be the value of the &quot;data-toggle-category&quot;
		// attribute or will be based on the text of the closest preceding
		// fourth-to-sixth-level header.
		var toggleCategory = $rootElement.data(&quot;toggle-category&quot;)
			|| getToggleCategory($rootElement[0], &quot;Lîsteyên din&quot;);
		
		// Determine the text for the $toggleButton.
		var showButtonText = &quot;zêdetir ▼&quot;;
		var hideButtonText = &quot;kêmtir ▲&quot;;
		var numLiElements = $rootElement.find(&quot;li&quot;).length;
		if (numLiElements) {
			showButtonText = &quot;Her &quot; + numLiElements + &quot;an nîşan bide ▼&quot;;
			hideButtonText = &quot;kêmtir bibîne ▲&quot;;	
		}
		
		// Register the visibility toggle.
		$toggleElement.on(&quot;click&quot;, window.VisibilityToggles.register(toggleCategory,
			function show() {
				$toggleButton.html(hideButtonText);
				if (rootElement) {
					rootElement.classList.remove(&quot;list-switcher-collapsed&quot;);
				}
			},
			function hide() {
				$toggleButton.html(showButtonText);
				if (rootElement) {
					rootElement.classList.add(&quot;list-switcher-collapsed&quot;);
				}
			}));
			
		// Register a resize observer to see if we need to keep the
		// show/hide toggle visible
		var termList = rootElement.querySelector(':scope &gt; .term-list');
		if (termList &amp;&amp; window.ResizeObserver) {
			var resizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(function(entries) {
				if (entries[0] &amp;&amp; entries[0].contentBoxSize[0]) {
					// Work out what the max-height would be, in pixels
					// As a hack, this value is stored in the CSS `bottom`
					// property, as `max-height` is only in place when
					// the list is collapsed, but we need to do this check
					// even when the list is not collapsed
					var maxHeightPx = parseFloat(getComputedStyle(rootElement).bottom);
					
					// If box height is less than its max height + 20 px, suppress
					// collapsibility. The 20 px buffer prevents the situation where
					// clicking &quot;show more&quot; expands the box by just a few pixels
					if (entries[0].contentBoxSize[0].blockSize &lt;= maxHeightPx + 20) {
						$toggleElement.hide();
						if (rootElement.classList.contains(&quot;list-switcher-collapsed&quot;)) {
							rootElement.classList.remove(&quot;list-switcher-collapsed&quot;);
							rootElement.classList.add(&quot;list-switcher-collapsibility-suppressed&quot;);
						}
					} else {
						$toggleElement.show();
						if (rootElement.classList.contains(&quot;list-switcher-collapsibility-suppressed&quot;)) {
							rootElement.classList.remove(&quot;list-switcher-collapsibility-suppressed&quot;);
							rootElement.classList.add(&quot;list-switcher-collapsed&quot;);
						}
					}
				}
			});
			
			resizeObserver.observe(termList);
		}
	}


	window.createNavToggle = createNavToggle;
	window.setupHiddenQuotes = setupHiddenQuotes;
	window.setupJederToggle = setupJederToggle;
	window.viewSwitching = viewSwitching;
	window.getToggleCategory = getToggleCategory;
	
	/* == Apply functions defined above == */
	mw.hook(&quot;wikipage.content&quot;).add(function($content) {
		// NavToggles
		$(&quot;.NavFrame&quot;, $content).each(function(){
			createNavToggle(this);
		});
		$(&quot;.inflection-table-collapsible&quot;, $content).each(function(){
			createNavToggleForInflectionTable(this);
		});
		
		// order nyms -&gt; usexes -&gt; quotes, to match the conventional order in entries
		
		// usage examples and collocations
		var namespaceNumber = mw.config.get(&quot;wgNamespaceNumber&quot;);

		// quotes
		if (namespaceNumber === 0 || namespaceNumber === 100 || namespaceNumber === 108) {
			// First, find all the ordered lists, i.e. all the series of definitions.
			$(&quot;ol &gt; li&quot;, $content).each(function(){
				setupHiddenQuotes(this);
			});

			// Jêder (citation) bulk toggle
			$(&quot;.jeder-kurt&quot;, $content).each(function(){
				setupJederToggle(this.parentNode);
			});
		}
	
		//view switching
		$(&quot;.vsSwitcher&quot;, $content).each(function(){
			viewSwitching(this);
		});
	
		// list switching
		$(&quot;.list-switcher&quot;, $content).each(function () {
			enableListSwitchGeneric(this);
		});
	});
	
	jQuery(mw).on(&quot;LivePreviewDone&quot;, function (ev, sels) {
		var $sels = jQuery(sels.join(&quot;,&quot;));
		var ols = $sels.find(&quot;ol&quot;);
		for (var i = 0; i &lt; ols.length; i++) {
			for (var j = 0; j &lt; ols[i].childNodes.length; j++) {
				var li = ols[i].childNodes[j];
				if (li.nodeName.toUpperCase() == &quot;LI&quot;) {
					setupHiddenQuotes(li);
				}
			}
		}

		$sels.find(&quot;.jeder-kurt&quot;).each(function(){
			setupJederToggle(this.parentNode);
		});
	});
})();</text>
      <sha1>nq9vvtyvj0zbwz23o8fyax7zv0ok760</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Şablon:jêder-malper/ceribandin</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>970862</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291537</id>
      <parentid>6277122</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:07:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291537</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1573" sha1="e6hrkfylb8y2fwtho01okj1wa6ia87m" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:quote|quote_t
| alias =
    chapter: title,sernav,webpage,websîte,malper,entry,made;
    trans-chapter: trans-title,tercimeya-sernav,trans-webpage,tercimeya-webê,tercimeya-malperê,trans-entry,tercimeya-madeyê;
    chapterurl: titleurl,urlya-sernav,webpageurl,urlya-webê ,entryurl,urlya-madeyê;
    chapter_tlr: webpage_tlr,tercimanê-webê;
    chapter_series: webpage_series,seriya-websîteyê;
    chapter_seriesvolume: webpage_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-webê;
    chapter_number: webpage_number,hejmara-webê;
    chapter_plain: title_plain,sernav-sade,webpage_plain,web-sade;
    title: site,work,websîte,malper,xebat;
    trans-title: trans-site,teecimeya-sîteyê,trans-work,tercimeya-xebatê;
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;!--

--&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|author=Meg Downey|title=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archivedate=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|date=7 May 2018|passage=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}&lt;!--

--&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>e6hrkfylb8y2fwtho01okj1wa6ia87m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291538</id>
      <parentid>6291537</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:10:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291538</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1578" sha1="j6ebstr77kme3nqyw30gkfji5o9h3v0" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:quote|quote_t
| alias =
    chapter: title,sernav,webpage,rûpela-webê,malper,entry,made;
    trans-chapter: trans-title,tercimeya-sernav,trans-webpage,tercimeya-webê,tercimeya-malperê,trans-entry,tercimeya-madeyê;
    chapterurl: titleurl,urlya-sernav,webpageurl,urlya-webê ,entryurl,urlya-madeyê;
    chapter_tlr: webpage_tlr,tercimanê-webê;
    chapter_series: webpage_series,seriya-websîteyê;
    chapter_seriesvolume: webpage_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-webê;
    chapter_number: webpage_number,hejmara-webê;
    chapter_plain: title_plain,sernav-sade,webpage_plain,web-sade;
    title: site,work,websîte,malper,xebat;
    trans-title: trans-site,teecimeya-sîteyê,trans-work,tercimeya-xebatê;
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;!--

--&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|author=Meg Downey|title=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archivedate=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|date=7 May 2018|passage=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}&lt;!--

--&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j6ebstr77kme3nqyw30gkfji5o9h3v0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291539</id>
      <parentid>6291538</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:11:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291539</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1578" sha1="ibm0na2pvmu7ts0d8rbcrj37gkae5ya" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:quote|quote_t
| alias =
    chapter: title,sernav,webpage,rûpela-webê,malper,entry,made;
    trans-chapter: trans-title,tercimeya-sernav,trans-webpage,tercimeya-webê,tercimeya-malperê,trans-entry,tercimeya-madeyê;
    chapterurl: titleurl,urlya-sernav,webpageurl,urlya-webê ,entryurl,urlya-madeyê;
    chapter_tlr: webpage_tlr,tercimanê-webê;
    chapter_series: webpage_series,seriya-websîteyê;
    chapter_seriesvolume: webpage_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-webê;
    chapter_number: webpage_number,hejmara-webê;
    chapter_plain: title_plain,sernav-sade,webpage_plain,web-sade;
    title: site,work,websîte,malper,xebat;
    trans-title: trans-site,tercimeya-sîteyê,trans-work,tercimeya-xebatê;
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;!--

--&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|author=Meg Downey|title=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archivedate=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|date=7 May 2018|passage=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}&lt;!--

--&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ibm0na2pvmu7ts0d8rbcrj37gkae5ya</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291541</id>
      <parentid>6291539</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:20:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291541</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1571" sha1="c9aimgznjy2c7k023ookbm1b4wjb25j" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:quote|quote_t
| alias =
    chapter: title,sernav,webpage,rûpela-webê,entry,made;
    trans-chapter: trans-title,tercimeya-sernav,trans-webpage,tercimeya-webê,tercimeya-malperê,trans-entry,tercimeya-madeyê;
    chapterurl: titleurl,urlya-sernav,webpageurl,urlya-webê ,entryurl,urlya-madeyê;
    chapter_tlr: webpage_tlr,tercimanê-webê;
    chapter_series: webpage_series,seriya-websîteyê;
    chapter_seriesvolume: webpage_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-webê;
    chapter_number: webpage_number,hejmara-webê;
    chapter_plain: title_plain,sernav-sade,webpage_plain,web-sade;
    title: site,work,websîte,malper,xebat;
    trans-title: trans-site,tercimeya-sîteyê,trans-work,tercimeya-xebatê;
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;!--

--&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|author=Meg Downey|title=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|archivedate=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|date=7 May 2018|passage=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}&lt;!--

--&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>c9aimgznjy2c7k023ookbm1b4wjb25j</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291544</id>
      <parentid>6291541</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:30:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6291544</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1591" sha1="h5uar4yczihsbalkj29c529sx6644ju" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:quote|quote_t
| alias =
    chapter: title,sernav,webpage,rûpela-webê,entry,made;
    trans-chapter: trans-title,tercimeya-sernav,trans-webpage,tercimeya-webê,tercimeya-malperê,trans-entry,tercimeya-madeyê;
    chapterurl: titleurl,urlya-sernav,webpageurl,urlya-webê ,entryurl,urlya-madeyê;
    chapter_tlr: webpage_tlr,tercimanê-webê;
    chapter_series: webpage_series,seriya-websîteyê;
    chapter_seriesvolume: webpage_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-webê;
    chapter_number: webpage_number,hejmara-webê;
    chapter_plain: title_plain,sernav-sade,webpage_plain,web-sade;
    title: site,work,websîte,malper,xebat;
    trans-title: trans-site,tercimeya-sîteyê,trans-work,tercimeya-xebatê;
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;!--

--&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|xebat=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}&lt;!--

--&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>h5uar4yczihsbalkj29c529sx6644ju</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>974484</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291554</id>
      <parentid>6278202</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T11:00:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291554</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="132245" sha1="g2ovji1zuh1f6yifo2ngwv756ls3ygm" xml:space="preserve">// Li ser [[vi:MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js]] hatiye refaktorkirin.
// implicit dependencies: StorageUtils (ObjectStorage), Morebits (Morebits.wiki.Api)

//&lt;nowiki&gt;
$(function () {
	if (window.location.href.includes(&quot;editintro=User:Wikihez/creation/intro&quot;)) {
		return; // Do not run the script wextê WF:Bilez dişuxile
	}
	
	var ns = mw.config.get(&quot;wgNamespaceNumber&quot;);
	if (ns &amp;&amp;
		!(ns === 2 &amp;&amp; mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;).match(/\/ceribandin$|\/test$/))) {
		return;
	}
	var action = mw.config.get(&quot;wgAction&quot;);
	var pageExists = !!mw.config.get(&quot;wgArticleId&quot;);

	var addLangMode = pageExists &amp;&amp; mw.util.getParamValue(&quot;wiktkuaddlang&quot;) === &quot;1&quot;;

	if (action === &quot;view&quot; &amp;&amp; pageExists) {
		var targetContainer;
		var skin = mw.config.get('skin');
		
		if (skin === 'vector-2022') {
			targetContainer = 'p-cactions';
		} else if (skin === 'vector') {
			targetContainer = 'p-tb';
		} else {
			targetContainer = 'p-views';
		}
		mw.util.addPortletLink(targetContainer,
			mw.util.getUrl(mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;), { action: &quot;submit&quot;, wiktkuaddlang: &quot;1&quot; }),
			&quot;+Ziman/beşeke din&quot;, &quot;ca-wiktku-addlang&quot;,
			&quot;Ji vê rûpelê re ziman an jî beşeke nû zêde bike&quot;);
		return;
	}

	if (!(action === &quot;edit&quot; || action === &quot;submit&quot;)) {
		return;
	}
	if (!addLangMode &amp;&amp; !$(&quot;.mw-newarticletext, .mw-newarticletextanon&quot;).length) {
		return;
	}

	function capitalize(str) {
		if (!str) return str;
		return str[0].toUpperCase() + str.substr(1);
	}

	function decapitalize(str) {
		if (!str) return str;
		return str[0].toLowerCase() + str.substr(1);
	}

	function escapeRegExp(str) {
		return str.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, &quot;\\$&amp;&quot;);
	}

	// Regex source for a &quot;== {{ziman|CODE}} ==&quot; header, tolerant of extra
	// whitespace. codePattern: escaped code for one language, or &quot;[^}]+&quot; for any.
	function langHeaderSource(codePattern) {
		return &quot;==\\s*\\{\\{\\s*ziman\\s*\\|\\s*(&quot; + codePattern + &quot;)\\s*\\}\\}\\s*==&quot;;
	}

	// Finds a language's header in wikitext (see langHeaderSource). Returns
	// { index, match } or null.
	function findLangHeader(text, code) {
		var m = new RegExp(langHeaderSource(escapeRegExp(code))).exec(text);
		return m ? { index: m.index, match: m[0] } : null;
	}

	function stripWikilinks(str) {
		return str.replace(/\[\[([^\]|]+)(?:\|([^\]]+))?\]\]/g, function (m, target, display) {
			return display || target;
		});
	}

	function insertAtCursor(el, text) {
		var start = el.selectionStart;
		var end   = el.selectionEnd;
		var val   = el.value;
		el.value = val.slice(0, start) + text + val.slice(end);
		var pos = start + text.length;
		el.selectionStart = el.selectionEnd = pos;
	}

	// Members of [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]] (source/citation templates), used by the
	// &quot;Ji Kategorî:Çavkanî şablonekê hilbijêre&quot; jêder-source option. Fetched
	// once on first use and cached — every citation row's picker shares it.
	var catSrcTemplates = null;
	var catSrcTemplatesPromise = null;
	function fetchCatSrcTemplates() {
		if (catSrcTemplatesPromise) return catSrcTemplatesPromise;
		var query = {
			action: &quot;query&quot;,
			list: &quot;categorymembers&quot;,
			cmtitle: &quot;Kategorî:Çavkanî&quot;,
			cmnamespace: 10,
			cmlimit: &quot;max&quot;,
			format: &quot;json&quot;,
			formatversion: 2
		};
		catSrcTemplatesPromise = new Morebits.wiki.Api(&quot;Şablonên Kategorî:Çavkanî tên anîn…&quot;, query).post().then(function (apiobj) {
			var data = apiobj.getResponse();
			var members = (data.query &amp;&amp; data.query.categorymembers) || [];
			catSrcTemplates = $.map(members, function (m) {
				// Pêşgira navî ya &quot;Şablon:&quot; rake.
				return m.title.replace(/^[^:]+:/, &quot;&quot;);
			});
			catSrcTemplates.sort(function (a, b) { return a.localeCompare(b, userLang); });
			return catSrcTemplates;
		}, function () {
			catSrcTemplates = [];
			return catSrcTemplates;
		});
		return catSrcTemplatesPromise;
	}

	var pageName = mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;).replaceAll(/_/g, &quot; &quot;);
	if (ns) pageName = pageName.replace(/.*\//, &quot;&quot;);
	var pageNameRe = escapeRegExp(pageName);
	var userLang = mw.config.get(&quot;wgUserLanguage&quot;);

	// Draft cache for this page — lets the editor manually save/restore the
	// whole wizard state (shared lang/pron + every section) via
	// [[MediaWiki:Gadget-StorageUtils.js]]'s ObjectStorage, independent of
	// any single browser session. Keyed per page so different articles'
	// drafts don't collide.
	var formCache = new ObjectStorage(&quot;wiktku_start_draft_&quot; + mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;), 1);

	// Mobile detection: MobileFrontend sets wgMFMode, or fall back to touch check.
	var isMobile = !!mw.config.get(&quot;wgMFMode&quot;) || window.matchMedia(&quot;(pointer: coarse)&quot;).matches;

	var chosenOptions = {
		width: &quot;20em&quot;,
		disable_search_threshold: 0,
		placeholder_text_single: &quot;Yekî hilbijêre&quot;,
		placeholder_text_multiple: &quot;Hilbijêre&quot;,
		no_results_text: &quot;Nehat dîtin&quot;,
		enable_split_word_search: true,
		search_contains: true };

	function wrapNativeSelect(select) {
		var placeholder = select.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;) || &quot;Lê bigere…&quot;;

		// Hide the native select — we drive it programmatically.
		select.hide();

		var wrapper = $(&quot;&lt;span class='wiktku-native-select-wrap'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;);

		var textInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='search' autocomplete='off'&gt;&quot;)
			.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, placeholder)
			.addClass(&quot;wiktku-start-narrow wiktku-ac-input&quot;);

		var resultsList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-ac-results'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;).hide();

		// Full option cache — rebuilt when chosen:updated fires.
		var allOptions = [];
		function cacheOptions() {
			allOptions = [];
			select.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
				var v = $(this).val();
				if (!v) return; // skip the empty placeholder option
				allOptions.push({
					value:    v,
					text:     $(this).text(),
					disabled: $(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;)
				});
			});
		}
		cacheOptions();

		function showResults(query) {
			var q = query.trim().toLowerCase();
			resultsList.empty();
			var matched;
			if (q) {
				matched = [];
				$.each(allOptions, function (_, o) {
					if (o.disabled) return;
					var codeMatch = o.value.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) !== -1;
					var nameMatch = o.text.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) !== -1;
					if (codeMatch || nameMatch) {
						matched.push({ opt: o, codeMatch: codeMatch });
					}
				});
				// Code matches (especially prefix matches) come first.
				matched.sort(function (a, b) {
					var aCode = a.opt.value.toLowerCase();
					var bCode = b.opt.value.toLowerCase();
					var aPrefix = aCode.indexOf(q) === 0;
					var bPrefix = bCode.indexOf(q) === 0;
					if (aPrefix !== bPrefix) return aPrefix ? -1 : 1;
					if (a.codeMatch !== b.codeMatch) return a.codeMatch ? -1 : 1;
					return 0;
				});
				matched = matched.map(function (item) { return item.opt; });
			} else {
				matched = allOptions.filter(function (o) { return !o.disabled; });
			}

			if (!matched.length) {
				resultsList.hide();
				return;
			}
			$.each(matched.slice(0, 50), function (_, opt) {
				var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).text(opt.text).attr(&quot;data-value&quot;, opt.value);

				// touchend (not touchstart) so a scroll doesn't trigger a select.
				var touchMoved = false;
				li.on(&quot;touchstart&quot;, function () {
					touchMoved = false;
				});
				li.on(&quot;touchmove&quot;, function () {
					touchMoved = true;
				});
				li.on(&quot;touchend&quot;, function (e) {
					if (touchMoved) return; // was a scroll, not a tap
					e.preventDefault();
					selectOption(opt.value, opt.text);
				});
				// Keep mousedown for desktop fallback.
				li.on(&quot;mousedown&quot;, function (e) {
					e.preventDefault();
					selectOption(opt.value, opt.text);
				});

				resultsList.append(li);
			});

			// Position the list above or below depending on available viewport space.
			var inputRect = textInput[0].getBoundingClientRect();
			var viewportH  = window.innerHeight;
			var spaceBelow = viewportH - inputRect.bottom - 8;
			var spaceAbove = inputRect.top - 8;
			var maxH       = Math.min(224, Math.max(spaceBelow, spaceAbove)); // 224px ≈ 14em

			resultsList.css({
				&quot;max-height&quot;: maxH + &quot;px&quot;,
				&quot;top&quot;:    spaceBelow &gt;= spaceAbove ? &quot;100%&quot; : &quot;auto&quot;,
				&quot;bottom&quot;: spaceBelow &gt;= spaceAbove ? &quot;auto&quot; : &quot;100%&quot;
			});

			resultsList.show();
		}

		function selectOption(value, text) {
			textInput.val(text);
			select.val(value);
			resultsList.hide();
			select.trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
		}

		textInput.on(&quot;input focus&quot;, function () {
			showResults($(this).val());
		});

		textInput.on(&quot;blur&quot;, function () {
			// Short delay so a touchstart on a result item fires first.
			setTimeout(function () { resultsList.hide(); }, 200);
		});

		// chosen:updated → re-cache (called after ziman.json loads).
		select.on(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;, function () {
			cacheOptions();
			// If a value is already selected, keep the display text in sync.
			var cur = select.val();
			if (cur) {
				var match = $.grep(allOptions, function (o) { return o.value === cur; })[0];
				if (match) textInput.val(match.text);
			}
		});

		// No-op .chosen() so desktop call-sites don't need guarding.
		select.chosen = function () { return select; };

		wrapper.append(textInput).append(resultsList).append(select);
		return wrapper;
	}
	var langsByCode = {};

	// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] at runtime.
	var metadata = {};

	// Zaravayên kurdî yên ku di beşa &quot;Bi zaravayên din&quot; de tên pêşkêşkirin —
	// ev kod ji beşa Werger têne derxistin daku heman zimên du caran neyê xwendin.
	var ZARAVA_LANG_CODES = [&quot;ckb&quot;, &quot;sdh&quot;, &quot;lki&quot;, &quot;hac&quot;, &quot;zza&quot;];

	function getZaravaKeys(choices) {
		var byCode = {};
		$.each(choices || [], function (_, c) { byCode[c[0]] = c; });
		var result = [];
		$.each(ZARAVA_LANG_CODES, function (_, code) {
			if (byCode[code]) result.push(byCode[code]);
		});
		return result;
	}

	function needsTransliteration(langCode) {
		var meta = metadata[langCode];
		if (!meta || !meta.sc) return false;
		var scripts = Array.isArray(meta.sc) ? meta.sc : [meta.sc];
		return scripts.length &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; scripts[0] !== &quot;Latn&quot;;
	}

	// Kodên cinsiyetê yên di metadata.g de — ji data.json tê dagirtin
	var GENDER_BASE_LABELS = {};

	// Sub-lists that only make sense for a plain (non-şablon) sense — hidden
	// when a şablon (e.g. {{guharto|…}}) is chosen for that sense, since a
	// template-based sense has no &quot;own&quot; gloss for alternate forms, synonyms,
	// antonyms, coordinate terms, hypernyms or hyponyms to attach to. Etîket,
	// Nimûne and Jêgirtin stay visible either way.
	var HIDDEN_ON_TPL_GROUPS = [
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;
	];

	function genderLabel(code) {
		if (code === &quot;p&quot;) return &quot;Pirjimar&quot;;
		var pluralMatch = code.match(/^(.+)-p$/);
		if (pluralMatch &amp;&amp; GENDER_BASE_LABELS[pluralMatch[1]]) {
			return GENDER_BASE_LABELS[pluralMatch[1]] + &quot; (pirjimar)&quot;;
		}
		return GENDER_BASE_LABELS[code] || code;
	}

	// True if a sense has content beyond mane worth keeping (etîket, word
	// lists, nimûne, jêder) — so it's still emitted with {{mane?}} if empty.
	function senseHasExtraContent(s) {
		if (s.etiket &amp;&amp; $.grep(s.etiket, function (e) { return $.trim(e) !== &quot;&quot;; }).length) return true;
		if (s.kategori &amp;&amp; $.grep(s.kategori, function (k) { return $.trim(k) !== &quot;&quot;; }).length) return true;
		if (s.alternativ.length || s.hevmane.length || s.dijmane.length ||
			s.koordine.length || s.jornav.length || s.jernav.length) return true;
		if (s.nimune &amp;&amp; $.grep(s.nimune, function (n) {
			return (typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? n.text : n) !== &quot;&quot;;
		}).length &gt; 0) return true;
		if (senseHasJeder(s)) return true;
		return false;
	}

	// Each nimûne item can be { text, tr, t }: text, transliteration, translation.
	function formatNimune(nimunes, lang, hasJeder) {
		var hasNimune = nimunes &amp;&amp; $.grep(nimunes, function (n) {
			return (typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? n.text : n) !== &quot;&quot;;
		}).length &gt; 0;

		if (!hasNimune) {
			return hasJeder ? &quot;&quot; : &quot;\n#* {{bênimûne|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}&quot;;
		}

		return $.map(nimunes, function (n) {
			var text = typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? n.text : n;
			if (!text) return undefined;
			var bolded = text.replace(
				new RegExp(&quot;(&quot; + pageNameRe + &quot;([^( |,|;|\\?|\\.|\\!)]+)?)&quot;, &quot;ig&quot;),
				&quot;'''$1'''&quot;);
			var tpl = &quot;\n#: {{nm|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + bolded;
			if (typeof n === &quot;object&quot;) {
				if (n.tr) tpl += &quot;|tr=&quot; + n.tr;
				// Translation as third positional param (no key needed).
				if (n.t)  tpl += &quot;|&quot;   + n.t;
			}
			// Short examples fit on one line together with their translation.
			// rêz=1 is not used for ku — definitions are shown on separate lines there.
			if (text.length &lt; 200 &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) tpl += &quot;|rêz=1&quot;;
			tpl += &quot;}}&quot;;
			return tpl;
		}).join(&quot;&quot;);
	}

	// Formats jêder (citation) entries into &quot;#* {{jêder…|…}}&quot; lines; skips
	// entries with no quote text. Falls back to the generic {{jêder}}
	// template when no specific template was chosen.
	function formatJeder(jederList, lang) {
		if (!jederList || !jederList.length) return &quot;&quot;;
		return $.map(jederList, function (jeder) {
			if (!jeder || !jeder.quote) return undefined;

			if (jeder.jederTpl) {
				var cite = &quot;\n#* {{&quot; + jeder.jederTpl + &quot;|&quot; + lang;
				cite += &quot;|jêgirtin=&quot; + jeder.quote;
				if (jeder.quoteTr) cite += &quot;|tr=&quot;      + jeder.quoteTr;
				if (jeder.quoteT)  cite += &quot;|tercime=&quot; + jeder.quoteT;
				$.each(jeder.jêderFields || {}, function (key, val) {
					if (val) cite += &quot;|&quot; + key + &quot;=&quot; + val;
				});
				cite += &quot;}}&quot;;
				return cite;
			}

			var out = &quot;\n#* {{jêder|&quot; + lang + &quot;|jêgirtin=&quot; + jeder.quote;
			if (jeder.quoteTr) out += &quot;|tr=&quot;      + jeder.quoteTr;
			if (jeder.quoteT)  out += &quot;|tercime=&quot; + jeder.quoteT;
			// A şablon picked from Kategorî:Çavkanî is transcluded as the
			// source param (e.g. |{{Kovara X}}); manual text is used as-is.
			var srcParam = jeder.jederCatTpl ? (&quot;{{&quot; + jeder.jederCatTpl + &quot;}}&quot;) :
				(jeder.jederManual ? jeder.jederManual : &quot;çavkanî?&quot;);
			// A positional param containing &quot;=&quot; gets parsed as its own key=value
			// pair by MediaWiki and breaks the template, so force it to be
			// explicitly named (|2=) whenever that's the case.
			out += (srcParam.indexOf(&quot;=&quot;) !== -1 ? &quot;|2=&quot; : &quot;|&quot;) + srcParam;
			out += &quot;}}&quot;;
			return out;
		}).join(&quot;&quot;);
	}

	// True if a sense has at least one jêder entry with quote text.
	function senseHasJeder(sense) {
		return !!(sense.jeder &amp;&amp; $.grep(sense.jeder, function (j) {
			return j &amp;&amp; j.quote;
		}).length &gt; 0);
	}

	// Builds &quot;{{tplName|lang|part1|part2|…}}&quot; from a sense field (kategori,
	// etiket), wrapped inline (&quot; {{…}} &quot;) or on its own line (&quot;\n#: {{…}}&quot;).
	function buildSenseTpl(sense, field, lang, tplName) {
		if (!sense[field] || !sense[field].length) return &quot;&quot;;
		var parts = sense[field].map(function (p) { return $.trim(p); })
			.filter(function (p) { return p !== &quot;&quot;; });
		if (!parts.length) return &quot;&quot;;
		var call = &quot;{{&quot; + tplName + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + parts.join(&quot;|&quot;) + &quot;}}&quot;;
		return call
	}

	/**
	 * Assembles the nimûne + jêder wikitext block for a sense. Shared by
	 * both the template-sense and normal-mane-sense branches below.
	 */
	function buildCite(sense, lang) {
		return formatNimune(sense.nimune, lang, senseHasJeder(sense)) +
			formatJeder(sense.jeder, lang);
	}

	function makeWordListStep(id, name, question_fmt, header, templateName) {
		return {
			id: id,
			name: name,
			question_fmt: question_fmt,
			multiple: true,
			narrow: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos;
			},
			output: function (values) {
				var words = $.grep(values[id] || [], function (w) { return !!w; });
				if (!words.length) return &quot;&quot;;

				var lang = values.lang;
				var section = &quot;\n==== &quot; + header + &quot; ====\n&quot;;

				if (words.length === 1) {
					// Single word — keep the simple inline template.
					return section +
						&quot;* {{&quot; + templateName + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; +
						words[0] + &quot;}}\n&quot;;
				}

				// Multiple words — use {{kol3}} with one positional param per word.
				var params = &quot;cure=&quot; + header + &quot;\n&quot; +
					$.map(words, function (w) {
						return &quot;|&quot; + w;
					}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);
				return section +
					&quot;{{kol3|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + params + &quot;\n}}\n&quot;;
			} };
	}

	var steps = {
		lang: {
			id: &quot;lang&quot;,
			required: true,
			name: &quot;ziman&quot;,
			question_fmt: '&quot;' + pageName + '&quot; bi çi zimanî ye?',
			question_br: true,
			// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] (langChoices).
			choices: [],
			output: function (values) {
				return &quot;== {{ziman|&quot; + values.lang + &quot;}} ==\n&quot;;
			} },
		pron: {
			id: &quot;pron&quot;,
			name: &quot;bilêvkirin&quot;,
			question_fmt: '&quot;' + pageName + '&quot; çawa tê telafûzkirin?',
			// pronTpls populated from data.json
			pronTpls: [],
			visible: function (values) {
				if (!values.lang) return false;
				// addLangMode: skip pron only if this lang already has a section.
				if (addLangMode) {
					// Clearing the page makes existing content irrelevant.
					var clearPageCheck = $(&quot;#wiktku-clear-page-check&quot;);
					if (clearPageCheck.length &amp;&amp; clearPageCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
						return true;
					}
					var existing = $(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;).val() || &quot;&quot;;
					return !findLangHeader(existing, values.lang);
				}
				return true;
			},
			// Fills the insert-dropdown from pronTpls, filtered by language.
			refreshTplSelect: function () {
				var sel = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-tpl-insert-select&quot;);
				if (!sel.length) return;
				var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
				sel.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).remove();
				$.each(steps.pron.pronTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					// Filter: if tpl.langs exists, only show if lang is in that list; otherwise show always
					var allowed = !tpl.langs || tpl.langs.indexOf(lang) !== -1;
					if (allowed) {
						sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;)
							.val(tpl.snippet)
							.text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc)
							.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;, tpl.noLang ? &quot;1&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					}
				});
				// Notify Chosen that the option list has changed (no-op on mobile).
				if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-pron-wrap&quot;).length) return null;

				var wrap = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-pron-wrap'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

				var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-pron-&quot; + $.now())
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-pron-text&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûne: {{IPA|ku|/pɛɪ̯n/}} yan {{kîte|ku|he|ce|ki|rin}}&quot;);

				// Template insert dropdown — filtered by language.
				var sel = $(&quot;&lt;select class='wiktku-tpl-insert-select'&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;);
				sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— şablonek lê zêde bike —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
				$.each(steps.pron.pronTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					// Filter: if tpl.langs exists, only show if lang is in that list; otherwise show always
					var allowed = !tpl.langs || tpl.langs.indexOf(lang) !== -1;
					if (allowed) {
						sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;)
							.val(tpl.snippet)
							.text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc)
							.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;, tpl.noLang ? &quot;1&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					}
				});

				sel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var snippet = $(this).val();
					if (!snippet) return;
					var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
					// Check if the selected option has noLang flag
					var selectedOption = sel.find(&quot;option:selected&quot;);
					var hasNoLang = selectedOption.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;) === &quot;1&quot;;
					if (!hasNoLang) {
						snippet = snippet.replace(/CODE/g, lang).replace(/SOURCELANG/g, &quot;?&quot;);
					}
					insertAtCursor(ta[0], snippet);
					$(this).val(&quot;&quot;);
					ta.focus();
				});

				wrap.append(sel).append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)).append(ta);
				stepDiv.append(wrap);
				return ta;
			},
			output: function () {
				var text = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-pron-text&quot;).val());
				if (!text) return &quot;&quot;;
				var lines = text.split(&quot;\n&quot;);
				var out = $.map(lines, function (line) {
					line = $.trim(line);
					if (!line) return undefined;
					return line.charAt(0) === &quot;*&quot; ? line : &quot;* &quot; + line;
				}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);
				return &quot;\n=== Bilêvkirin ===\n&quot; + out + &quot;\n&quot;;
			} },
		pos: {
			id: &quot;pos&quot;,
			required: true,
			name: &quot;Cureyê rêzimanî&quot;,
			question_fmt: 'Cureyê rêzimanî yê &quot;' + pageName + '&quot; çi ye?',
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang;
			},
			question_br: true,
			// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] (posChoices).
			choices: [],

			output: function (values) {
				var pos    = values.pos  || &quot;&quot;;
				var cinsiyet = values.cinsiyet  || &quot;&quot;;  // from the cinsiyet step
				var lekTur = values.lektur  || &quot;&quot;;  // from the lêker transitivity step

				var capitalizedPos = capitalize(pos);
				var outputString = &quot;\n=== &quot; + capitalizedPos + &quot; ===\n&quot;;

				// Add ku-tewîn-nav for single-word navdêr/serenav with known gender.
				if (!pageName.includes(&quot; &quot;) &amp;&amp; cinsiyet &amp;&amp; GENDER_BASE_LABELS[cinsiyet] &amp;&amp;
					(pos === &quot;navdêr&quot; || pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) &amp;&amp; values.lang === &quot;ku&quot;) {
					outputString += &quot;{{ku-tewîn-nav|&quot; + pageName + &quot;|&quot; + GENDER_BASE_LABELS[cinsiyet];
					if (pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) outputString += &quot;|y&quot;;
					outputString += &quot;}}\n&quot;;
				}

				outputString += &quot;{{&quot; + pos + &quot;|&quot; + values.lang;

				if (pos === &quot;navdêr&quot; || pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) {
					if (cinsiyet) {
						outputString += &quot;|c=&quot; + cinsiyet;
					} else if (values.lang === &quot;ku&quot;) {
						// Unknown gender — prompt editor to fill it in.
						outputString += &quot;|c=?&quot;;
					}
				} else if (/^lêker/.test(pos) &amp;&amp; lekTur) {
					outputString += &quot;|c=&quot; + lekTur;
				}

				if (values.tr) {
					outputString += &quot;|tr=&quot; + values.tr;
				}

				outputString += &quot;}}\n&quot;;
				return outputString;
			}

		},

		// cinsiyet (gender) — shown for navdêr/serenav only, with choices built
		// from metadata[lang].g since not every language has grammatical gender.
		cinsiyet: {
			id: &quot;cinsiyet&quot;,
			name: &quot;cinsiyet&quot;,
			question_fmt: 'Cinsiyeta &quot;' + pageName + '&quot; çi ye?',
			question_br: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				var meta = metadata[values.lang];
				return !!(values.lang &amp;&amp; (values.pos === &quot;navdêr&quot; || values.pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) &amp;&amp;
					meta &amp;&amp; meta.g &amp;&amp; meta.g.length);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv, values) {
				var select = stepDiv.find(&quot;select.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
				if (!select.length) {
					select = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
						&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-field&quot;,
						id: &quot;wiktku-start-cinsiyet-field&quot; }));
					stepDiv.append(select);
				}


				if (!values) return select;

				var meta = metadata[values.lang];
				var codes = (meta &amp;&amp; meta.g) || [];
				var prevVal = select.val();

				var choices = $.map(codes, function (code) {
					return [[code, genderLabel(code)]];
				});
				populateMenus(select, choices);
				if ($.grep(choices, function (c) { return c[0] === prevVal; }).length) {
					select.val(prevVal);
				}
				if (!isMobile) select.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

				return select;
			},
			output: function () { return &quot;&quot;; }  // consumed by pos.output
		},

		// Lêker transitivity — shown for any lêker variant.
		lektur: {
			id: &quot;lektur&quot;,
			name: &quot;Cureyê lêkerê (fiîlê)&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Cureyê lêkerê (fiîlê) çi ye?&quot;,
			question_br: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos &amp;&amp; /^lêker/.test(values.pos);
			},
			// Dictionary: value → display label.  Add new types here.
			choices: [
				[&quot;gh&quot;,  &quot;gerguhêz&quot;],
				['x-gh', 'xwerû-gerguhêz'],
				['p-gh', 'pêkhatî-gerguhêz'],
				['h-gh', 'hevedudanî-gerguhêz'],
				['b-gh', 'biwêjî-gerguhêz'],
				[&quot;ngh&quot;, &quot;negerguhêz&quot;],
				['x-ngh', 'xwerû-negerguhêz'],
				['p-ngh', 'pêkhatî-negerguhêz'],
				['h-ngh', 'hevedudanî-negerguhêz'],
				['b-ngh', 'biwêjî-negerguhêz'] ],
			output: function () { return &quot;&quot;; }  // consumed by pos.output
		},
		tr: {
			id: &quot;tr&quot;,
			name: &quot;transkrîpsiyon&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Transkrîpsiyona kelîmeyê&quot;,
			multiple: false,
			narrow: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos &amp;&amp; needsTransliteration(values.lang);
			} },
		dfn: {
			id: &quot;dfn&quot;,
//			required: true, ger mane tinebe [[Şablon:mane?]] bi kar bîne
			name: &quot;Mane&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Maneya kelîmeyê binivîse. Mane otomatîk tê lînkkirin! Ji bo tercimeyan beşa 'Werger' bi kar bîne!&quot;,
			multiple: true,
			ordered: true,
			rows: 3,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos;
			},
			example: function (values) {
				// posExamples loaded from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]].
				var examples = steps.dfn.posExamples || {};
				var full = values.pos || &quot;&quot;;
				return examples[full] || &quot;&quot;;
			},

			// Builds one sense block (&lt;li&gt;): mane textarea, nimûne list, and
			// sub-lists for alternatîv/hevmane/dijmane/etc.
			buildSenseBlock: function (stepDiv) {
				var block = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dfn-sense'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);

				// — Mane textarea (declared first so the template handler can reference it) —
				var dfnArea = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-mane-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 6)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Mane…&quot;);
				dfnArea.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					steps.dfn.onDfnInput(stepDiv, block, this);
				});

				// — Template selector (optional — replaces mane when chosen) —
				// Template definitions loaded from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]].
				var tplDefs = steps.dfn.tplDefs || [];
				// Cache of all non-placeholder option elements — used by updateTplOptions
				// to remove/re-add options (the only approach compatible with Chosen.js).
				var _allTplOptions = [];

				var tplSelect = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, { &quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot; }));
				tplSelect.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— yan jî şablonek hilbijêre —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				$.each(tplDefs, function (_, tpl) {
					var opt = $(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;)
						.val(tpl.name)
						.text(tpl.name)
						.attr(&quot;data-langs&quot;, tpl.langs ? tpl.langs.join(&quot;,&quot;) : &quot;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;, tpl.noLang ? &quot;1&quot; : &quot;&quot;);
					tplSelect.append(opt);
					_allTplOptions.push(opt[0]);
				});

				function updateTplOptions() {
					var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
					var currentVal = tplSelect.val();
					var currentStillValid = false;

					// Detach all non-placeholder options, then re-attach only the visible ones.
					// This is the only approach that works correctly with both native &lt;select&gt;
					// and Chosen.js on desktop.
					tplSelect.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).detach();

					$.each(_allTplOptions, function (_, opt) {
						var allowed = $(opt).attr(&quot;data-langs&quot;);
						var visible = !allowed || allowed.split(&quot;,&quot;).indexOf(lang) !== -1;
						if (visible) {
							tplSelect.append(opt);
							if ($(opt).val() === currentVal) currentStillValid = true;
						}
					});

					if (!isMobile) tplSelect.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

					if (currentVal &amp;&amp; !currentStillValid) {
						tplSelect.val(&quot;&quot;);
						dfnArea.show();
						tplTitleInput.hide().val(&quot;&quot;);
					}
				}

				// Store updater on the element so refresh() can call it for all blocks.
				tplSelect.data(&quot;updateOptions&quot;, updateTplOptions);

				var tplTitleInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='text'&gt;&quot;)
					.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-tpl-title wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Navê rûpelê…&quot;)
					.hide();

				// Grow the sense list when the title field of the last block gets content,
				// mirroring what onDfnInput does for the plain mane textarea.
				tplTitleInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					steps.dfn.onDfnInput(stepDiv, block, this);
				});

				// Şablon senses have no plain gloss, so hide alternatîv/hevmane/
				// dijmane/etc. Etîket, Nimûne and Jêgirtin stay visible either way.
				function updateFieldVisibility() {
					var isTpl = !!tplSelect.val();
					$.each(HIDDEN_ON_TPL_GROUPS, function (_, cls) {
						block.find(&quot;.&quot; + cls + &quot;-group&quot;).toggle(!isTpl);
					});
				}
				// Store on the block so restoreDfn() can re-sync visibility
				// after programmatically setting tplSelect's value.
				block.data(&quot;updateFieldVisibility&quot;, updateFieldVisibility);

				tplSelect.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var chosen = $(this).val();
					if (chosen) {
						dfnArea.hide();
						tplTitleInput.show().focus();
					} else {
						dfnArea.show();
						tplTitleInput.hide().val(&quot;&quot;);
					}
					updateFieldVisibility();
					// Re-run refresh so the Werger step visibility updates.
					refresh();
				});

				var tplRow = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-tpl-row&quot;)
					.append(tplSelect).append(&quot; &quot;).append(tplTitleInput);
				block.append(tplRow);
				block.append(dfnArea);

				// Apply lang filter on initial build.
				updateTplOptions();

				// — Sub-field groups —
				// All groups are always visible with a placeholder textarea.
				// Nimûne is last in the DOM and last in the output.
				var allGroups = [
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-etiket&quot;,    label: &quot;Etîket&quot;,           rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;xisûsen, Mêrdîn, anatomî,  Badînî&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-kategori&quot;,  label: &quot;Kategorî&quot;,         rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;wekî etîket lê xuya nabe tenê kategorîze dike&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;,   label: &quot;Formên alternatîv&quot;,          rows: 1, narrow: true,  izah: &quot;Varyantên vê kelîmeyê&quot; },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;,   label: &quot;Hevmane&quot;,          rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Spehî hevmaneya Bedew e.&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;,   label: &quot;Dijmane&quot;,          rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Zengîn dijmaneya feqîr e.&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;,  label: &quot;Termên koordîne&quot;,  rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Pisîk û kûçik termên koordîne ne çunkî Jornavên wan gelek in&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;,    label: &quot;Jornav&quot;,           rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Heywan jornavê guhandar e&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;,    label: &quot;Jêrnav&quot;,           rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Guhandar jêrnavê heywan e&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune&quot;,    label: &quot;Nimûne&quot;,           rows: 2, narrow: false }
				];

				$.each(allGroups, function (_, g) {
					var groupDiv = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-subgroup &quot; + g.cls + &quot;-group&quot;);

						function buildNimuneLi() {
							var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
							var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-li&quot;);

							var mainTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
								.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-text-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
								.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, g.rows)
								.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-text&quot;)
								.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûneya emilandina kelîmeyê tu bi xwe binivîse…&quot;);

							mainTa.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
								var val = $.trim($(this).val());
								var isLast = li.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
								if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
									list.append(buildNimuneLi());
								}
							});

							li.append(mainTa);

							var subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);

							if (needsTransliteration(lang)) {
								subWrap.append(
									$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
										.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
										.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyona bi alfabeya latînî&quot;)
								);
							}

							if (lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) {
								subWrap.append(
									$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
										.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
										.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya kurmancî&quot;)
								);
							}

							if (subWrap.children().length) li.append(subWrap);

							return li;
						}

					if (g.cls === &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune&quot;) {
						// Nimûne — compound widget with tr/t sub-fields.
						var lbl = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublabel&quot;).text(g.label + &quot;: &quot;);
						var list = $(&quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublist &quot; + g.cls + &quot;-list&quot;);

						groupDiv.data(&quot;buildNimuneLi&quot;, buildNimuneLi);

						list.append(buildNimuneLi());
						groupDiv.append(lbl).append(list);
						block.append(groupDiv);

					} else {
						// Regular always-visible group — label + growing textarea list.
						var lbl = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublabel&quot;).text(g.label + &quot;: &quot; + g.izah);
						var list = $(&quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublist &quot; + g.cls + &quot;-list&quot;);
						var firstInput = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;name&quot;, g.cls + &quot;-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
							.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, g.rows)
							.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield&quot; + (g.narrow ? &quot; wiktku-start-narrow&quot; : &quot;&quot;))
							.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, g.label + &quot;…&quot;);
						firstInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
							steps.dfn.onSubInput(list, this, g.rows, g.narrow);
						});
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstInput));
						groupDiv.append(lbl).append(list);
						block.append(groupDiv);
					}
				});

				// — Jêder (citation) group — growing list, same structure as Nimûne. —
				(function () {
					var jederGroupDiv = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-subgroup wiktku-dfn-jeder-group&quot;);
					var jederLbl = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublabel&quot;).text(&quot;Jêgirtin: &quot;);
					var jederList = $(&quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublist wiktku-dfn-jeder-list&quot;);

					function buildJederLi() {
						var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
						var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-jeder-li&quot;);
						var dragHandle = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
							.addClass(&quot;wiktku-jeder-drag-handle&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;title&quot;, &quot;Bişkûne û bikişîne da ku rêzê biguhezîne&quot;);

						// Quote text textarea
						var quoteTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
							.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
							.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûneya emilandinê ji kitêb an çavkaniyeke din binivîse&quot;);

						quoteTa.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
							var val = $.trim($(this).val());
							var isLast = li.is(jederList.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
							if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
								jederList.append(buildJederLi());
							}
						});

						li.append(dragHandle).append(quoteTa);

						// tr/t sub-fields for the quote — shown as needed for the language.
						var quoteSubWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);

						if (needsTransliteration(lang)) {
							quoteSubWrap.append(
								$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
									.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
									.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyona jêgirtinê…&quot;)
							);
						}

						if (lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) {
							quoteSubWrap.append(
								$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
									.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
									.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya jêgirtinê bi kurmancî&quot;)
							);
						}

						if (quoteSubWrap.children().length) li.append(quoteSubWrap);

						// Citoid auto-fill: fetch citation data from a URL, DOI or ISBN and
						// prefill the source şablon + fields below (see Gadget-citoid-helper.js).
						var citoidWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid&quot;);
						var citoidInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='text'&gt;&quot;)
							.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid-input wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;URL, DOI an ISBN binivîse ku otomatîk were tijekirin…&quot;);
						var citoidBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
							label: &quot;Bi Citoid bîne&quot;,
							classes: [ &quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid-btn&quot; ]
						});
						var citoidStatus = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid-status&quot;);

						// Fetches citation data from Citoid and fills this citation's
						// şablon + fields — only rebuilds fields on template change,
						// and never overwrites values the user already typed.
						function runCitoidFetch() {
							var query = $.trim(citoidInput.val());
							if (!query) {
								mw.notify(&quot;Ji kerema xwe re pêşî URL, DOI an ISBNyekê binivîse.&quot;);
								return;
							}

							citoidBtn.setDisabled(true);
							citoidStatus.text(&quot;Tê anîn…&quot;);

							wikt.citoidHelper.ensure().then(function () {
								return wikt.citoid.fetchJederFields(query);
							}).then(function (result) {
								var jederKey = result.jederKey;
								var hasTpl = !!jederKey &amp;&amp; srcSel.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + jederKey + &quot;']&quot;).length &gt; 0;
								var targetVal = hasTpl ? jederKey : &quot;__manual__&quot;;

								// Only rebuild if switching şablon, so a repeat fetch
								// doesn't clear fields already filled in by hand.
								if (srcSel.val() !== targetVal) {
									srcSel.val(targetVal).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
									srcSel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
								}

								if (hasTpl) {
									// Tenê qadên vala tijî bike.
									$.each(result.fields, function (key, val) {
										var input = srcFields.find(&quot;[data-field-key='&quot; + key + &quot;']&quot;);
										if (input.length &amp;&amp; !$.trim(input.val())) {
											input.val(val);
										}
									});
								} else {
									// Şablonek nehat naskirin ji bo vê itemType — rêzikeke
									// çavkaniyê ya bi destan a ji qadên Citoid tê çêkirin,
									// lê tenê ger qada destan vala be.
									var manualField = srcFields.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;);
									if (!$.trim(manualField.val())) {
										var parts = [];
										$.each([&quot;nivîskar&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;, &quot;websîte&quot;, &quot;kovar&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;, &quot;url&quot;], function (_, k) {
											if (result.fields[k]) parts.push(result.fields[k]);
										});
										manualField.val(parts.join(&quot;, &quot;));
									}
								}
								citoidStatus.text(&quot;&quot;);
							}, function (errorMsg) {
								citoidStatus.text(typeof errorMsg === &quot;string&quot; ? errorMsg : &quot;Nehat dîtin. Kontrol bike ka URL/DOI/ISBN rast e.&quot;);
							}).always(function () {
							citoidBtn.setDisabled(false);
							});
						}

						citoidBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, runCitoidFetch);
						citoidInput.on(&quot;keydown&quot;, function (e) {
							if (e.which === 13) { // Enter
								e.preventDefault();
								runCitoidFetch();
							}
						});

						citoidWrap.append(citoidInput).append(citoidBtn.$element).append(citoidStatus);

						// Source template selector, specific to this citation.
						var srcSel = $(&quot;&lt;select&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— Çavkaniyê hilbijêre —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
						srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(&quot;__manual__&quot;).text(&quot;Bi destê xwe binivîsim&quot;));
						srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(&quot;__category__&quot;).text(&quot;Ji Kategorî:Çavkanî şablonekê hilbijêre&quot;));
						var jederDefs = steps.dfn.jederDefs || {};
						$.each(jederDefs, function (tplName, def) {
							srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(tplName).text(def.label));
						});

						// Dynamic source fields container.
						var srcFields = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-fields&quot;);

						srcSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
							srcFields.empty();
							var chosen = $(this).val();
							if (!chosen) return;

							if (chosen === &quot;__manual__&quot;) {
								// Freeform source, written by the user — becomes the 2nd
								// positional param of {{jêder|lang|…}} instead of çavkanî?.
								srcFields.append(
									$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
										.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Çavkaniyê bi destê xwe binivîse…&quot;)
								);
								return;
							}

							if (chosen === &quot;__category__&quot;) {
								// Search widget over the members of [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]].
								// Picking a şablon here immediately switches the row to
								// &quot;Bi destê xwe binivîsim&quot; mode with {{Şablon}} pre-filled,
								// so the saved value is always exactly what's in that
								// (editable) textarea — no separate hidden field that can
								// end up empty and silently fall back to &quot;çavkanî?&quot;.
								var catWrap = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-native-select-wrap wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat&quot;);
								var catInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='search' autocomplete='off'&gt;&quot;)
									.addClass(&quot;wiktku-start-narrow wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat-input&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Navê şablonê lê bigere…&quot;);
								var catResults = $(&quot;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-ac-results wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat-results&quot;).hide();
								var catStatus = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat-status&quot;).text(&quot;Şablon tên barkirin…&quot;);

								function showCatResults(query) {
									var q = $.trim(query).toLowerCase();
									catResults.empty();
									var list = catSrcTemplates || [];
									var matched = q ?
										$.grep(list, function (name) { return name.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) !== -1; }) :
										list;
									if (!matched.length) {
										catResults.hide();
										return;
									}
									$.each(matched.slice(0, 50), function (_, name) {
										var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).text(name).attr(&quot;data-value&quot;, name);
										var touchMoved = false;
										li.on(&quot;touchstart&quot;, function () { touchMoved = false; });
										li.on(&quot;touchmove&quot;, function () { touchMoved = true; });
										li.on(&quot;touchend&quot;, function (e) {
											if (touchMoved) return;
											e.preventDefault();
											selectCatTpl(name);
										});
										li.on(&quot;mousedown&quot;, function (e) {
											e.preventDefault();
											selectCatTpl(name);
										});
										catResults.append(li);
									});
									catResults.show();
								}

								// Wraps the chosen şablon as {{Name}}, drops it into the
								// manual textarea, and switches the row into manual mode
								// so the user can keep editing it (add params, etc.).
								function selectCatTpl(name) {
									catResults.hide();
									srcSel.val(&quot;__manual__&quot;);
									srcSel.trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
									srcFields.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;)
										.val(&quot;{{&quot; + name + &quot;}}&quot;)
										.trigger(&quot;focus&quot;);
								}

								catInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
									showCatResults($(this).val());
								});
								catInput.on(&quot;focus&quot;, function () {
									showCatResults($(this).val());
								});
								catInput.on(&quot;blur&quot;, function () {
									setTimeout(function () { catResults.hide(); }, 200);
								});

								catWrap.append(catInput).append(catResults).append(catStatus);
								srcFields.append(catWrap);

								fetchCatSrcTemplates().then(function () {
									catStatus.text(&quot;&quot;);
								}, function () {
									catStatus.text(&quot;Şablon nehatin barkirin.&quot;);
								});
								return;
							}

							var def = (steps.dfn.jederDefs || {})[chosen];
							if (!def) return;
							$.each(def.fields, function (_, f) {
								var row = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-row&quot;);
								var fieldLbl = $(&quot;&lt;label&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;).text(f.label + &quot;: &quot;);
								var inp = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
									.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-input wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;data-field-key&quot;, f.key)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, f.label + &quot;…&quot;);
								row.append(fieldLbl).append(inp);
								srcFields.append(row);
							});
						});

						li.append(citoidWrap).append(srcSel).append(srcFields);

						return li;
					}

					jederGroupDiv.data(&quot;buildJederLi&quot;, buildJederLi);

					jederList.append(buildJederLi());
					// Make citation rows sortable (drag to reorder).
					// The last row is always the empty trailing row — cancel its drag.
					mw.loader.using(&quot;jquery.ui.sortable&quot;, function () {
						jederList.sortable({
							handle: &quot;.wiktku-jeder-drag-handle&quot;,
							axis: &quot;y&quot;,
							items: &quot;li:not(:last-child)&quot;,
							tolerance: &quot;pointer&quot;
						});
					});
					jederGroupDiv.append(jederLbl).append(jederList);
					block.append(jederGroupDiv);
				}());

				// Apply the initial hide/show state for the sub-groups (matches
				// tplSelect's starting value, which is normally empty).
				updateFieldVisibility();

				return block;
			},

			/** Grows the sense list when the last mane textarea gets content. */
			onDfnInput: function (stepDiv, block, textarea) {
				var val = $.trim($(textarea).val());
				var list = stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;);
				var isLast = block.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
				if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
					var newBlock = steps.dfn.buildSenseBlock(stepDiv);
					list.append(newBlock);
					// Apply Chosen to the new block's template selector on desktop.
					if (!isMobile) newBlock.find(&quot;select.wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				}
				refresh();
			},

			/** Grows a sub-list (nimûne/formên alternatîv/hevmane/dijmane/termên koordîne) on input. */
			onSubInput: function (list, input, rows, narrow) {
				var val = $.trim($(input).val());
				var item = $(input).parent();
				var isLast = item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
				if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
					var next = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-sub-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, rows)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield&quot; + (narrow ? &quot; wiktku-start-narrow&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					next.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
						steps.dfn.onSubInput(list, this, rows, narrow);
					});
					list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
				}
			},

			// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] (tplDefs, posExamples, jederDefs).
			tplDefs: [],
			posExamples: {},
			jederDefs: {},

			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;).length) return null;
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ol class='wiktku-dfn-list'&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.dfn.buildSenseBlock(stepDiv));
				stepDiv.append(list);
				return null;
			},

			/** Reads all sense blocks from the DOM and returns an array of sense objects. */
			getSenses: function (stepDiv) {
				var senses = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dfn-sense&quot;).each(function () {
					var block    = $(this);
					var tplSel   = block.find(&quot;select.wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;);
					var tpl      = tplSel.val() || &quot;&quot;;
					// noLang: template already encodes the language — don't add |lang| param.
					var tplNoLang = tpl
						? tplSel.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + tpl + &quot;']&quot;).attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;) === &quot;1&quot;
						: false;
					var tplTitle = $.trim(block.find(&quot;input.wiktku-dfn-tpl-title&quot;).val());
					var mane = $.trim(block.find(&quot;textarea.wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;).val());

					function readList(cls) {
						var vals = [];
						block.find(&quot;.&quot; + cls + &quot;-list textarea&quot;).each(function () {
							var v = $.trim($(this).val());
							if (v) vals.push(v);
						});
						return vals;
					}

					// Nimûne items are compound: { text, tr?, t? }
					function readNimuneList() {
						var items = [];
						block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-list li.wiktku-dfn-nimune-li&quot;).each(function () {
							var text = $.trim($(this).find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-text&quot;).val());
							if (!text) return;
							var obj = { text: text };
							var tr = $.trim($(this).find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;).val());
							var t  = $.trim($(this).find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;).val());
							if (tr) obj.tr = tr;
							if (t)  obj.t  = t;
							items.push(obj);
						});
						return items;
					}

					// Jêder is a growing list of citations, one per li — mirrors readNimuneList().
					function readJederList() {
						var items = [];
						block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-jeder-list li.wiktku-dfn-jeder-li&quot;).each(function () {
							var li = $(this);
							var quote = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).val());
							if (!quote) return;
							var obj = { quote: quote };
							var qtr = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;).val());
							var qt  = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;).val());
							if (qtr) obj.quoteTr = qtr;
							if (qt)  obj.quoteT  = qt;
							var tplName = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;).val();
							if (tplName === &quot;__manual__&quot;) {
								var manual = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;).val());
								if (manual) obj.jederManual = manual;
							} else if (tplName === &quot;__category__&quot;) {
								// Reachable only if the user opened the category search but
								// never picked a şablon — picking one switches the row to
								// __manual__ (see selectCatTpl above), so there's nothing
								// meaningful to save here.
							} else if (tplName) {
								obj.jederTpl = tplName;
								var fields = {};
								li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-input&quot;).each(function () {
									var k = $(this).attr(&quot;data-field-key&quot;);
									var v = $.trim($(this).val());
									if (k &amp;&amp; v) fields[k] = v;
								});
								obj.jêderFields = fields;
							}
							items.push(obj);
						});
						return items;
					}

					senses.push({
						tpl:       tpl,
						tplNoLang: tplNoLang,
						tplTitle:  tplTitle,
						mane:      mane,
						etiket:    readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-etiket&quot;),
						kategori:  readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-kategori&quot;),
						nimune:    readNimuneList(),
						jeder:     readJederList(),
						alternativ:  readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;),
						hevmane:   readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;),
						dijmane:   readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;),
						koordine:  readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;),
						jornav:    readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;),
						jernav:    readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;)
					});
				});
				return senses;
			},

			getOutput: function (values, callback) {
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;);
				var senses = steps.dfn.getSenses(stepDiv);
				var lang = values.lang;

				// A sense counts as &quot;filled&quot; if it has a mane, a chosen template + title,
				// or any other content (etîket/hevmane/nimûne/jêder…) worth keeping.
				var hasMane = senses.some(function (s) {
					return s.mane !== &quot;&quot; || (s.tpl &amp;&amp; s.tplTitle) || senseHasExtraContent(s);
				});

				// True only when at least one sense has a regular mane (needs linkify).
				var hasRegularMane = senses.some(function (s) {
					return !s.tpl &amp;&amp; s.mane !== &quot;&quot;;
				});

				// nimûne/jêder must never pass through linkify, only the mane text.
				// defLines (linkified) and citeLines (kept aside) stay parallel;
				// a {{wiktku-cite-N}} token in defLines marks where to splice back.
				var defLines  = [];   // one entry per kept sense (goes to linkify)
				var citeLines = [];   // parallel — nimûne+jêder for that same sense

				$.each(senses, function (_, sense) {
					// — Template sense (e.g. {{guharto|ku|somepage}}) —
					if (sense.tpl) {
						if (!sense.tplTitle) return; // skip empty template senses

						var tplKatTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;kategori&quot;, lang, &quot;K&quot;);
						var tplLabelTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;etiket&quot;, lang, &quot;e&quot;);

						var tplCall = sense.tplNoLang
							? &quot;{{&quot; + sense.tpl + &quot;|&quot; + sense.tplTitle + &quot;}}&quot;
							: &quot;{{&quot; + sense.tpl + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + sense.tplTitle + &quot;}}&quot;;

						var idx = defLines.length;
						var cite = buildCite(sense, lang);

						defLines.push(&quot;# &quot; + (tplKatTpl ? tplKatTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + (tplLabelTpl ? tplLabelTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + tplCall +
							(cite ? &quot;{{wiktku-cite-&quot; + idx + &quot;}}&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
						citeLines.push(cite);
						return;
					}

					// — Normal mane sense —
					var dfn = sense.mane;
					if (!dfn &amp;&amp; !senseHasExtraContent(sense)) return; // truly empty

					if (dfn) {
						dfn = stripWikilinks(dfn);
						if (dfn[0] !== dfn[0].toUpperCase()) dfn = capitalize(dfn);
						if (!dfn.match(/[.…?!)\]]$/)) dfn += &quot;.&quot;;
					} else {
						dfn = &quot;{{mane?|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}&quot;;
					}

					var katTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;kategori&quot;, lang, &quot;K&quot;);
					var labelTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;etiket&quot;, lang, &quot;e&quot;);

					var out = &quot;# &quot; + (katTpl ? katTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + (labelTpl ? labelTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + dfn;

					function wordLine(tpl, words) {
						if (!words.length) return &quot;&quot;;
						return &quot;\n#: {{&quot; + tpl + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + words.join(&quot;|&quot;) + &quot;}}&quot;;
					}
					out += wordLine(&quot;alt-r&quot;,    sense.alternativ);
					out += wordLine(&quot;hevmane&quot;,  sense.hevmane);
					out += wordLine(&quot;dijmane&quot;,  sense.dijmane);
					out += wordLine(&quot;koordîne&quot;, sense.koordine);
					out += wordLine(&quot;jornav&quot;,   sense.jornav);
					out += wordLine(&quot;jêrnav&quot;,   sense.jernav);

					var cite = buildCite(sense, lang);

					var idx = defLines.length;
					defLines.push(out + (cite ? &quot;{{wiktku-cite-&quot; + idx + &quot;}}&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					citeLines.push(cite);
				});

				// Splice citeLines back into a linkified string, replacing each
				// {{wiktku-cite-N}} token with its stored nimûne/jêder block.
				function restoreCites(t) {
					return t.replace(/\{\{wiktku-cite-(\d+)\}\}/g, function (_, n) {
						return citeLines[parseInt(n, 10)] || &quot;&quot;;
					});
				}

				var text = defLines.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;

				if (!hasMane) {
					// No definitions entered — emit {{mane?}} with bênimûne.
					text = &quot;# {{mane?|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}\n#* {{bênimûne|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}\n&quot;;
					callback(text);
					return;
				}

				if (!hasRegularMane) {
					// All filled senses are template senses — no linkify needed.
					callback(restoreCites(text));
					return;
				}

				var didTryToLoad = function () {
					if (typeof $.wiktviLinkify === &quot;function&quot;) {
						$.wiktviLinkify(text, function (linked) {
							callback(restoreCites(linked));
						});
					} else {
						callback(restoreCites(text));
					}
				};
				mw.loader.using(&quot;ext.gadget.linkify&quot;, didTryToLoad, didTryToLoad);
			}
		},
		je: makeWordListStep(&quot;je&quot;, &quot;jê&quot;, &quot;Kelîmeyên jê çêbûyî binivîse&quot;, &quot;Jê&quot;, &quot;g&quot;),
		tekildar: makeWordListStep(&quot;tekildar&quot;, &quot;têkildar&quot;, &quot;Kelîmeyên ji aliyê etîmolojiyê ve têkildarî vê kelîmeyê binivîse&quot;, &quot;Têkildar&quot;, &quot;g&quot;),
		binereherwiha: makeWordListStep(&quot;binereherwiha&quot;, &quot;binêre herwiha&quot;, &quot;Kelîmeyên din ên eleqedar binivîse&quot;, &quot;Binêre herwiha&quot;, &quot;g&quot;),
		etym: {
			id: &quot;etym&quot;,
			name: &quot;etîmolojî&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Etîmolojiya kelîmeyê binivîse&quot;,
			// etymTpls populated from data.json
			etymTpls: [],
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos;
			},
			// Fills the insert-dropdown from the current etymTpls array.
			refreshTplSelect: function () {
				var sel = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-tpl-insert-select&quot;);
				if (!sel.length) return;
				sel.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).remove();
				$.each(steps.etym.etymTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(tpl.snippet).text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc));
				});
				// Notify Chosen that the option list has changed (no-op on mobile).
				if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-etym-wrap&quot;).length) return null;

				var wrap = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-etym-wrap'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

				var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-etym-&quot; + $.now())
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-etym-text&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûne: Ji {{ji|en|ku|apple}}. yan rasterast binivîse…&quot;);

				// Template insert dropdown — options also refreshed after data.json loads.
				var sel = $(&quot;&lt;select class='wiktku-tpl-insert-select'&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;);
				sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— şablonek lê zêde bike —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				$.each(steps.etym.etymTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(tpl.snippet).text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc));
				});

				sel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var snippet = $(this).val();
					if (!snippet) return;
					var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
					snippet = snippet.replace(/CODE/g, lang).replace(/SOURCELANG/g, &quot;?&quot;);
					insertAtCursor(ta[0], snippet);
					$(this).val(&quot;&quot;);
					ta.focus();
				});

				wrap.append(sel).append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)).append(ta);
				stepDiv.append(wrap);
				return ta;
			},
			output: function (values) {
				var text = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-text&quot;).val());
				if (text) {
					return &quot;\n==== Etîmolojî ====\n&quot; + text + &quot;\n&quot;;
				}
				// No etymology entered — emit {{ji?|lang}} as a placeholder,
				// Only when a regular sense has content (real mane, or {{mane?}}
				// with other fields filled in) — a şablon sense never counts.
				var dfnSenses = steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
				var hasRegularMane = dfnSenses.some(function (s) {
					return !s.tpl &amp;&amp; (s.mane !== &quot;&quot; || senseHasExtraContent(s));
				});
				if (!hasRegularMane) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Etîmolojî ====\n{{ji?|&quot; + values.lang + &quot;}}\n&quot;;
			} },
		dunde: {
			id: &quot;dunde&quot;,
			name: &quot;dûnde&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Eger ev kelîme ji vî zimanî ketibe zimanekî din, vî zimanî û kelîmeya wî binivîse&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				return  !!values.pos;
			},
			disabledKeys: {
				&quot;navz&quot;: true},

			// Language dropdown + growing word-input list; a new row appends
			// when the dropdown gets a value. Mirrors steps.trans, but flat.
			buildRow: function (stepDiv) {
				var row = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dunde-row wiktku-lang-row'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);

				// Language selector — chosen is applied after insertion into DOM.
				var langSel = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
				langSel.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;, &quot;Zimanekî lê bigere&quot;);
				populateMenus(langSel, steps.dunde.keys || [], steps.dunde.disabledKeys);

				// When a language is chosen, ensure a next empty row exists.
				langSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					steps.dunde.onLangChange(stepDiv, row);
				});

				// Word list for this language.
				var wordList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-dunde-words wiktku-lang-row-words'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				var firstWord = steps.dunde.makeWordInput();
				wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstWord));

				if (isMobile) {
					row.append(wrapNativeSelect(langSel)).append(wordList);
				} else {
					row.append(langSel).append(wordList);
				}
				return row;
			},

			makeWordInput: function () {
				var input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dunde-word-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Kelîme…&quot;);
				input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					var list = $(this).closest(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-words&quot;);
					var item = $(this).parent();
					var val = $.trim($(this).val());
					if (val &amp;&amp; item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;))) {
						var next = steps.dunde.makeWordInput();
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
					}
				});
				return input;
			},

			onLangChange: function (stepDiv, row) {
				var list = stepDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;);
				var isLast = row.is(list.children(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row:last-child&quot;));
				if (isLast) {
					var newRow = steps.dunde.buildRow(stepDiv);
					list.append(newRow);
					// Init chosen after the new row is in the DOM (desktop only).
					if (!isMobile) newRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				}
				// Keep disabled keys in sync across all lang selectors.
				steps.dunde.syncDisabledKeys(stepDiv);
			},

			/** Disables already-selected languages in all other dropdowns. */
			syncDisabledKeys: function (stepDiv) {
				var taken = $.extend({}, steps.dunde.disabledKeys);
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var v = $(this).val();
					if (v) taken[v] = true;
				});
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var self = $(this);
					var own = self.val();
					self.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
						var code = $(this).val();
						if (!code) return;
						$(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, taken[code] &amp;&amp; code !== own);
					});
					self.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
				});
			},

			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;).length) return null;
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-dunde-list wiktku-lang-row-list'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.dunde.buildRow(stepDiv));
				stepDiv.append(list);
				// Init chosen after the select is in the DOM (desktop only).
				if (!isMobile) list.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				return null;
			},

			/** Reads all [langcode, words[]] rows from the DOM. */
			getRows: function (stepDiv) {
				var result = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row&quot;).each(function () {
					var lang = $(this).find(&quot;select&quot;).val();
					if (!lang) return;
					var words = [];
					$(this).find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-words textarea&quot;).each(function () {
						var v = $.trim($(this).val());
						if (v) words.push(v);
					});
					if (words.length) result.push([lang, words]);
				});
				return result;
			},

			output: function () {
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde&quot;);
				var rows = steps.dunde.getRows(stepDiv);
				if (!rows.length) return &quot;&quot;;
				var lines = $.map(rows, function (row) {
					var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
					return &quot;* {{dû|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + words.join(&quot;|&quot;) + &quot;}}&quot;;
				});
				return &quot;\n==== Dûnde ====\n&quot; + lines.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},

		zarava: {
			id: &quot;zarava&quot;,
			name: &quot;bi zaravayên din&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				return steps.trans.visible(values);
			},
			disabledKeys: {
				&quot;navz&quot;: true
			},
			buildRow: function (group) {
				var row = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-zarava-row wiktku-lang-row'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);
				var langSel = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
				populateMenus(langSel, steps.zarava.keys || [], steps.zarava.disabledKeys);

				langSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					steps.zarava.onLangChange(group, row);
				});

				var wordList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-zarava-words wiktku-lang-row-words'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				var firstWord = steps.zarava.makeWordInput();
				wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstWord));

				row.append(langSel).append(wordList);
				return row;
			},

			makeWordInput: function () {
				var input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-zarava-word-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercime…&quot;);
				input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					var list = $(this).closest(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-words&quot;);
					var item = $(this).parent();
					var val = $.trim($(this).val());
					if (val &amp;&amp; item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;))) {
						var next = steps.zarava.makeWordInput();
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
					}
				});
				return input;
			},

			onLangChange: function (group, row) {
				var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-list&quot;);
				var isLast = row.is(list.children(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row:last-child&quot;));
				if (isLast) {
					var newRow = steps.zarava.buildRow(group);
					list.append(newRow);
				}
				steps.zarava.syncDisabledKeys(group);
			},

			/** Disables already-selected dialects in all other dropdowns within one group. */
			syncDisabledKeys: function (group) {
				var taken = $.extend({}, steps.zarava.disabledKeys);
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var v = $(this).val();
					if (v) taken[v] = true;
				});
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var self = $(this);
					var own = self.val();
					self.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
						var code = $(this).val();
						if (!code) return;
						$(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, taken[code] &amp;&amp; code !== own);
					});
				});
			},

			/** Builds (or fetches) the .wiktku-zarava-group for one gloss. */
			buildGroup: function (stepDiv, gi) {
				var group = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-zarava-group'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;data-gloss-pos&quot;, gi);
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-zarava-list wiktku-lang-row-list'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.zarava.buildRow(group));
				group.append(list);
				stepDiv.append(group);
				return group;
			},

			/** Syncs one .wiktku-zarava-group per current gloss (same logic as steps.trans.build). */
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				if (!glosses.length) {
					stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).remove();
					return null;
				}

				var existingGroups = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;);
				if (existingGroups.length &gt; glosses.length) {
					existingGroups.slice(glosses.length).remove();
				}

				$.each(glosses, function (gi, gloss) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) group = steps.zarava.buildGroup(stepDiv, gi);

					var label = group.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group-label&quot;);
					if (glosses.length &gt; 1) {
						if (!label.length) {
							label = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-zarava-group-label'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
							group.prepend(label);
						}
						label.text(gloss.index + &quot; &quot; + gloss.text);
					} else if (label.length) {
						label.remove();
					}
				});

				return null;
			},

			/** Reads the dialect rows for a single gloss group. */
			getGroupTranslations: function (group) {
				var result = [];
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row&quot;).each(function () {
					var lang = $(this).find(&quot;select&quot;).val();
					if (!lang) return;
					var words = [];
					$(this).find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-words textarea&quot;).each(function () {
						var v = $.trim($(this).val());
						if (v) words.push(v);
					});
					if (words.length) result.push([lang, words]);
				});
				return result;
			},

			/** Reads all rows from the DOM, grouped by gloss position. */
			getTranslations: function (stepDiv) {
				var result = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).each(function () {
					result.push(steps.zarava.getGroupTranslations($(this)));
				});
				return result;
			},

			output: function (values) {
				if (values.lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) return &quot;&quot;;

				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava&quot;);
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				if (!glosses.length) return &quot;&quot;;

				var blocks = $.map(glosses, function (gloss, gi) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					var rows = group.length ? steps.zarava.getGroupTranslations(group) : [];

					if (!gloss.text &amp;&amp; !rows.length) return undefined;

					if (rows.length) {
						rows.sort(function (a, b) {
							var aLang = langsByCode[a[0]] || [];
							var bLang = langsByCode[b[0]] || [];
							return (aLang[2] || &quot;&quot;).localeCompare(bLang[2] || &quot;&quot;, &quot;ku&quot;);
						});
					}

					var wordLines = $.map(rows, function (row) {
						var lang  = row[0];
						var words = row[1];
						var wikiWords = words.map(function (w) {
							return &quot;{{W|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + w + &quot;}}&quot;;
						}).join(&quot;, &quot;);
						return &quot;* {{Z|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}: &quot; + wikiWords;
					}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);

					if (!wordLines) return undefined;

					var block = &quot;{{werger-ser|&quot; + (gloss.text || &quot;?&quot;) + &quot;|&quot; + gloss.index + &quot;}}&quot;;
					block += &quot;\n&quot; + wordLines;
					block += &quot;\n{{werger-bin}}&quot;;
					return block;
				});

				if (!blocks.length) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Bi zaravayên din ====\n&quot; + blocks.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},
		trans: {
			id: &quot;trans&quot;,
			name: &quot;werger&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				if (!(values.lang === &quot;ku&quot; &amp;&amp; values.pos)) return false;
				// Hide only when every sense is a filled template sense (no plain
				// gloss to attach translations to). A mix, or nothing filled in
				// yet, still shows Werger.
				var dfnSenses = steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
				var hasRealSense = dfnSenses.some(function (s) {
					return !s.tpl &amp;&amp; (s.mane !== &quot;&quot; || senseHasExtraContent(s));
				});
				var hasFilledTplSense = dfnSenses.some(function (s) {
					return s.tpl &amp;&amp; s.tplTitle;
				});
				return hasRealSense || !hasFilledTplSense;
			},
			disabledKeys: {
				&quot;navz&quot;: true,
				&quot;ku&quot;: true,
				&quot;ckb&quot;: true,
				&quot;sdh&quot;: true,
				&quot;lki&quot;: true,
				&quot;hac&quot;: true,
				&quot;zza&quot;: true },

			// Language dropdown + growing word-input list, scoped to one gloss's
			// group (each gloss has its own group and row list).
			buildRow: function (group) {
				var row = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-trans-row wiktku-lang-row'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);

				// Language selector — chosen is applied after insertion into DOM.
				var langSel = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
				langSel.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;, &quot;Zimanekî lê bigere&quot;);
				populateMenus(langSel, steps.trans.keys || [], steps.trans.disabledKeys);

				// When a language is chosen, ensure a next empty row exists.
				langSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					steps.trans.onLangChange(group, row);
				});

				// Word list for this language.
				var wordList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-trans-words wiktku-lang-row-words'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				var firstWord = steps.trans.makeWordInput();
				wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstWord));

				if (isMobile) {
					row.append(wrapNativeSelect(langSel)).append(wordList);
				} else {
					row.append(langSel).append(wordList);
				}
				return row;
			},

			makeWordInput: function () {
				var input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-trans-word-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercime…&quot;);
				input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					var list = $(this).closest(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-words&quot;);
					var item = $(this).parent();
					var val = $.trim($(this).val());
					if (val &amp;&amp; item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;))) {
						var next = steps.trans.makeWordInput();
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
					}
				});
				return input;
			},

			onLangChange: function (group, row) {
				var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-list&quot;);
				var isLast = row.is(list.children(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row:last-child&quot;));
				if (isLast) {
					var newRow = steps.trans.buildRow(group);
					list.append(newRow);
					// Init chosen after the new row is in the DOM (desktop only).
					if (!isMobile) newRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				}
				// Keep disabled keys in sync across this gloss's lang selectors
				// only — the same language can be used for different senses.
				steps.trans.syncDisabledKeys(group);
			},

			/** Disables already-selected languages in all other dropdowns within one group. */
			syncDisabledKeys: function (group) {
				var taken = $.extend({}, steps.trans.disabledKeys);
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var v = $(this).val();
					if (v) taken[v] = true;
				});
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var self = $(this);
					var own = self.val();
					self.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
						var code = $(this).val();
						if (!code) return;
						$(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, taken[code] &amp;&amp; code !== own);
					});
					self.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
				});
			},

			// Builds (or fetches) the .wiktku-trans-group for one gloss.
			buildGroup: function (stepDiv, gi) {
				var group = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-trans-group'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;data-gloss-pos&quot;, gi);
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-trans-list wiktku-lang-row-list'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.trans.buildRow(group));
				group.append(list);
				stepDiv.append(group);
				// Init chosen after the select is in the DOM (desktop only).
				if (!isMobile) list.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				return group;
			},

			// Syncs one .wiktku-trans-group per current gloss, keyed by
			// data-gloss-pos so groups stay matched across rebuilds.
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				if (!glosses.length) {
					stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).remove();
					return null;
				}

				// Drop groups for glosses that no longer exist (always from the
				// tail — groups are only ever appended in gloss order below).
				var existingGroups = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;);
				if (existingGroups.length &gt; glosses.length) {
					existingGroups.slice(glosses.length).remove();
				}

				$.each(glosses, function (gi, gloss) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) group = steps.trans.buildGroup(stepDiv, gi);

					// Only label groups when there's more than one gloss to
					// distinguish between — a single gloss needs no caption.
					var label = group.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group-label&quot;);
					if (glosses.length &gt; 1) {
						if (!label.length) {
							label = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-trans-group-label'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
							group.prepend(label);
						}
						label.text(gloss.index + &quot; &quot; + gloss.text);
					} else if (label.length) {
						label.remove();
					}
				});

				return null;
			},

			/** Reads the translation rows for a single gloss group. */
			getGroupTranslations: function (group) {
				var result = [];
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row&quot;).each(function () {
					var lang = $(this).find(&quot;select&quot;).val();
					if (!lang) return;
					var words = [];
					$(this).find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-words textarea&quot;).each(function () {
						var v = $.trim($(this).val());
						if (v) words.push(v);
					});
					if (words.length) result.push([lang, words]);
				});
				return result;
			},

			// Reads all translation rows, grouped by gloss position.
			getTranslations: function (stepDiv) {
				var result = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).each(function () {
					result.push(steps.trans.getGroupTranslations($(this)));
				});
				return result;
			},

			// Builds the numbered &quot;{ index, gloss }&quot; list, one per dfn sense
			// with a real mane (skips template senses). index is 1-based and
			// matches the sense's position in the &quot;#&quot; definition list.
			// When nothing's filled in, returns one placeholder entry so
			// Werger still has a group to attach to; when every sense is a
			// filled template sense, stays empty (matches trans.visible()).
			glossList: function () {
				var dfnSenses = steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
				var glosses = [];
				var hasFilledTplSense = false;
				$.each(dfnSenses, function (i, s) {
					if (s.tpl) {
						if (s.tplTitle) hasFilledTplSense = true;
						return; // template sense — no gloss to caption with
					}
					var dfn = s.mane;
					if (!dfn) {
						// No mane, but other fields are filled — still gets a
						// gloss group since dfn.getOutput() emits {{mane?}} for it.
						if (senseHasExtraContent(s)) glosses.push({ index: i + 1, text: &quot;&quot; });
						return;
					}
					if (dfn[0] !== dfn[0].toLowerCase()) dfn = decapitalize(dfn);
					dfn = stripWikilinks(dfn).replace(/[.…?!)\]،؟]+$/, &quot;&quot;);
					glosses.push({ index: i + 1, text: dfn });
				});
				if (!glosses.length &amp;&amp; !hasFilledTplSense) {
					glosses.push({ index: 1, text: &quot;&quot; });
				}
				return glosses;
			},

			output: function (values) {
				if (values.lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) return &quot;&quot;;

				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans&quot;);
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				// Every sense is a template sense — there's no real gloss
				// anywhere and no group in the DOM either (glossList() only
				// returns empty in that case), so skip the section entirely.
				if (!glosses.length) return &quot;&quot;;

				// Each gloss now has its own group of translation rows —
				// attach every gloss's own words under its own werger-ser/-bin
				// pair instead of dumping everything under the first one.
				var blocks = $.map(glosses, function (gloss, gi) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					var rows = group.length ? steps.trans.getGroupTranslations(group) : [];

					// Placeholder gloss (no real mane entered yet) with nothing
					// translated into it — nothing to output, and gloss.text is
					// empty so there's no caption to give {{werger-ser}} anyway.
					if (!gloss.text &amp;&amp; !rows.length) return undefined;

					if (rows.length) {
						// Sort by Kurdish sort key.
						rows.sort(function (a, b) {
							var aLang = langsByCode[a[0]] || [];
							var bLang = langsByCode[b[0]] || [];
							return (aLang[2] || &quot;&quot;).localeCompare(bLang[2] || &quot;&quot;, &quot;ku&quot;);
						});
					}

					var wordLines = $.map(rows, function (row) {
						var lang  = row[0];
						var words = row[1];
						var wikiWords = words.map(function (w) {
							return &quot;{{W|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + w + &quot;}}&quot;;
						}).join(&quot;, &quot;);
						return &quot;* {{Z|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}: &quot; + wikiWords;
					}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);

					var block = &quot;{{werger-ser|&quot; + (gloss.text || &quot;?&quot;) + &quot;|&quot; + gloss.index + &quot;}}&quot;;
					if (wordLines) block += &quot;\n&quot; + wordLines;
					block += &quot;\n{{werger-bin}}&quot;;
					return block;
				});

				if (!blocks.length) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Werger ====\n&quot; + blocks.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},
		cavkani: {
			id: &quot;cavkani&quot;,
			name: &quot;çavkanî&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Çavkaniyên din ên (ne jêgirtinan) lê zêde bike&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				return !!values.pos;
			},
			// Fills the insert-dropdown from the members of [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]].
			refreshTplSelect: function () {
				var sel = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-tpl-insert-select&quot;);
				if (!sel.length) return;
				sel.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).remove();
				$.each(catSrcTemplates || [], function (_, name) {
					sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(name).text(name));
				});
				// Notify Chosen that the option list has changed (no-op on mobile).
				if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-cavkani-wrap&quot;).length) return null;

				var wrap = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-cavkani-wrap'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

				var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-cavkani-&quot; + $.now())
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Şablonekî ji jêrê hilbijêre an rasterast binivîse…&quot;);

				// Template insert dropdown, populated from [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]] —
				// options refreshed once the category members are fetched.
				var sel = $(&quot;&lt;select class='wiktku-tpl-insert-select'&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;);
				sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— şablonek lê zêde bike —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				var status = $(&quot;&lt;span class='wiktku-cavkani-status'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;);

				if (catSrcTemplates) {
					steps.cavkani.refreshTplSelect();
				} else {
					status.text(&quot;Şablon tên barkirin…&quot;);
					fetchCatSrcTemplates().then(function () {
						steps.cavkani.refreshTplSelect();
						status.text(&quot;&quot;);
					}, function () {
						status.text(&quot;Şablon nehatin barkirin.&quot;);
					});
				}

				sel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var name = $(this).val();
					if (!name) return;
					insertAtCursor(ta[0], &quot;\n* {{&quot; + name + &quot;}}&quot;);
					$(this).val(&quot;&quot;);
					if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
					ta.focus();
				});

				wrap.append(sel).append(status).append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)).append(ta);
				stepDiv.append(wrap);
				return ta;
			},
			output: function () {
				var text = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;).val());
				if (!text) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Çavkanî ====\n&quot; + text + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},
		};
	steps.trans.keys = steps.lang.choices;
	steps.dunde.keys = steps.lang.choices;
	steps.zarava.keys = getZaravaKeys(steps.lang.choices);
	var ordered_steps = [
		steps.lang, steps.pron, steps.pos, steps.cinsiyet, steps.lektur, steps.tr,
		steps.dfn, steps.je, steps.tekildar,
		steps.etym, steps.dunde, steps.binereherwiha, steps.zarava, steps.trans, steps.cavkani];

	// Step ids that belong to each section (not shared across sections).
	var PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS = [
		&quot;pos&quot;, &quot;cinsiyet&quot;, &quot;lektur&quot;, &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;dfn&quot;, &quot;je&quot;, &quot;tekildar&quot;, &quot;etym&quot;, &quot;dunde&quot;, &quot;binereherwiha&quot;, &quot;zarava&quot;, &quot;trans&quot;, &quot;cavkani&quot; 
	];

	// ── Multi-section state ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
	// Each entry is a plain snapshot: { pos, cinsiyet, lektur, tr, dfn (senses[]),
	// je, tekildar, binereherwiha, trans (rows[]) }.
	var sections = [{}];   // section 0 starts empty (DOM is the truth)
	var activeSection = 0;

	function snapshotDfn() {
		return steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
	}

	// Rebuilds the dfn DOM from a previously snapshotted senses array.
	function restoreDfn(senses) {
		var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;);
		// Tear down the existing list so build() recreates it cleanly.
		stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;).remove();
		steps.dfn.build(stepDiv);

		var list = stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;);

		$.each(senses, function (i, sense) {
			// Ensure enough blocks exist (build() seeds one).
			var blocks = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dfn-sense&quot;);
			var block = blocks.eq(i);
			if (!block.length) {
				var nb = steps.dfn.buildSenseBlock(stepDiv);
				list.append(nb);
				block = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dfn-sense&quot;).last();
			}

			// Template selector.
			block.find(&quot;select.wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;).val(sense.tpl || &quot;&quot;);
			if (sense.tpl) {
				block.find(&quot;textarea.wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;).hide();
				block.find(&quot;input.wiktku-dfn-tpl-title&quot;).val(sense.tplTitle || &quot;&quot;).show();
			} else {
				block.find(&quot;textarea.wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;).val(sense.mane || &quot;&quot;).show();
				block.find(&quot;input.wiktku-dfn-tpl-title&quot;).hide().val(&quot;&quot;);
			}

			// Re-sync the formên alternatîv/hevmane/… hide state now that
			// tplSelect's value was set programmatically (its own &quot;change&quot;
			// handler doesn't fire from .val(), so this doesn't happen otherwise).
			var updateVis = block.data(&quot;updateFieldVisibility&quot;);
			if (updateVis) updateVis();

			// Restore a sub-list (etiket, formên alternatîv, hevmane …) from a values array.
			function restoreSubList(cls, values) {
				if (!values || !values.length) return;
				var groupDiv = block.find(&quot;.&quot; + cls + &quot;-group&quot;);
				var subList = groupDiv.find(&quot;ol, ul&quot;).first();
				if (!subList.length) return; // group not found
				// Fill existing items, append new ones as needed.
				$.each(values, function (j, val) {
					var items = subList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
					if (j &lt; items.length) {
						items.eq(j).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(val);
					} else {
						var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-restore-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
							.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
							.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
							.val(val);
						ta.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
							steps.dfn.onSubInput(subList, this, 1, true);
						});
						subList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(ta));
					}
				});
			}

			// Reveal and populate lazy groups that have data.
			var lazyMap = {
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-etiket&quot;:      sense.etiket,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-kategori&quot;:    sense.kategori,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;:  sense.alternativ,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;:  sense.hevmane,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;:  sense.dijmane,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;: sense.koordine,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;:   sense.jornav,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;:   sense.jernav
			};
			$.each(lazyMap, function (cls, vals) {
				if (vals &amp;&amp; vals.length) restoreSubList(cls, vals);
			});

			// Nimûne items are objects { text, tr?, t? } — restore using the builder.
			if (sense.nimune &amp;&amp; sense.nimune.length) {
				var nimuneGroupDiv = block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-group&quot;);
				var nimuneList = nimuneGroupDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-nimune-list&quot;);
				var buildFn = nimuneGroupDiv.data(&quot;buildNimuneLi&quot;);
				nimuneList.empty();
				$.each(sense.nimune, function (_, n) {
					var text = typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? (n.text || &quot;&quot;) : n;
					if (!text) return;
					var li = buildFn ? buildFn() : $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dfn-nimune-li'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);
					li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-text&quot;).val(text);
					if (n.tr) li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;).val(n.tr);
					if (n.t)  li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;).val(n.t);
					nimuneList.append(li);
				});
				// Always leave a blank trailing item.
				if (buildFn) nimuneList.append(buildFn());
			}

			// Restore jêder entries — accepts current array shape or a legacy
			// single object (older saved sections) for backwards compat.
			var jederArr = $.isArray(sense.jeder) ? sense.jeder : (sense.jeder ? [sense.jeder] : []);
			if (jederArr.length) {
				var jederGroupDiv = block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-jeder-group&quot;);
				var jederList = jederGroupDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-jeder-list&quot;);
				var buildJederFn = jederGroupDiv.data(&quot;buildJederLi&quot;);
				jederList.empty();
				$.each(jederArr, function (_, j) {
					if (!j || !j.quote) return;
					var li = buildJederFn ? buildJederFn() : $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dfn-jeder-li'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);
					li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).val(j.quote);
					if (j.quoteTr) li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;).val(j.quoteTr);
					if (j.quoteT)  li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;).val(j.quoteT);
					if (j.jederManual) {
						var manualSel = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						manualSel.val(&quot;__manual__&quot;).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;).val(j.jederManual);
					} else if (j.jederCatTpl) {
						// Legacy format from before the şablon search switched rows to
						// manual mode directly — convert it the same way now, so it's
						// editable like any other free-form source.
						var catSelEl = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						catSelEl.val(&quot;__manual__&quot;).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;).val(&quot;{{&quot; + j.jederCatTpl + &quot;}}&quot;);
					} else if (j.jederTpl) {
						var srcSel = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						srcSel.val(j.jederTpl).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						if (j.jêderFields) {
							$.each(j.jêderFields, function (key, val) {
								li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-input[data-field-key='&quot; + key + &quot;']&quot;).val(val);
							});
						}
					}
					jederList.append(li);
				});
				// Always leave a blank trailing item, same as Nimûne.
				if (buildJederFn) jederList.append(buildJederFn());
			}
		});
	}

	// Snapshots simple (non-dfn) per-section steps from the DOM into obj.
	function saveCurrentSection() {
		var snap = {};
		$.each(PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS, function (_, id) {
			if (id === &quot;dfn&quot;) {
				snap.dfn = snapshotDfn();
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;etym&quot;) {
				snap.etym = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-text&quot;).val());
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;cavkani&quot;) {
				snap.cavkani = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;).val());
				return;
			}
			var step = steps[id];
			if (!step) return;
			var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + id);
			if (id === &quot;trans&quot;) {
				snap.trans = steps.trans.getTranslations(stepDiv);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;zarava&quot;) {
				snap.zarava = steps.zarava.getTranslations(stepDiv);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;dunde&quot;) {
				snap.dunde = steps.dunde.getRows(stepDiv);
				return;
			}
			// Generic: read all step fields.
			var fields = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
			if (step.multiple) {
				snap[id] = fields.map(function () { return $(this).val(); }).get();
			} else {
				snap[id] = fields.val();
			}
		});
		sections[activeSection] = snap;
	}

	// Restores a previously saved snapshot into the form DOM.
	function restoreSection(snap) {
		$.each(PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS, function (_, id) {
			if (id === &quot;dfn&quot;) {
				restoreDfn(snap.dfn || []);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;etym&quot;) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-wrap&quot;).remove();
				steps.etym.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym&quot;));
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-text&quot;).val(snap.etym || &quot;&quot;);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;cavkani&quot;) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-wrap&quot;).remove();
				steps.cavkani.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani&quot;));
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;).val(snap.cavkani || &quot;&quot;);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;trans&quot;) {
				// Rebuild trans groups (dfn must already be restored by this
				// point in the $.each loop, so glossList() reflects it).
				var transDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans&quot;);
				transDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).remove();
				steps.trans.build(transDiv);
				var groupsSnap = snap.trans || [];
				$.each(groupsSnap, function (gi, rows) {
					var group = transDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) return; // gloss no longer exists — drop its rows
					var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-list&quot;);
					$.each(rows, function (j, row) {
						var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
						var lastRow = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row&quot;).last();
						lastRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).val(lang).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						var wordList = lastRow.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-words&quot;);
						$.each(words, function (k, word) {
							var wordItems = wordList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
							if (k &lt; wordItems.length) {
								wordItems.eq(k).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(word);
							} else {
								// .val() below doesn't fire &quot;input&quot;, so the normal
								// auto-grow never runs — append a matching item
								// ourselves instead of silently dropping the word.
								var extraInput = steps.trans.makeWordInput();
								wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(extraInput));
								extraInput.val(word);
							}
						});
						// Leave one trailing empty field so the row can still grow
						// when the user types, matching a freshly-built row.
						if ($.trim(wordList.children(&quot;li&quot;).last().find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val())) {
							wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(steps.trans.makeWordInput()));
						}
					});
				});
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;zarava&quot;) {
				// Rebuild zarava groups (dfn must already be restored by this
				// point in the $.each loop, so glossList() reflects it).
				var zaravaDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava&quot;);
				zaravaDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).remove();
				steps.zarava.build(zaravaDiv);
				var zaravaGroupsSnap = snap.zarava || [];
				$.each(zaravaGroupsSnap, function (gi, rows) {
					var group = zaravaDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) return; // gloss no longer exists — drop its rows
					var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-list&quot;);
					$.each(rows, function (j, row) {
						var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
						var lastRow = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row&quot;).last();
						lastRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).val(lang).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						var wordList = lastRow.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-words&quot;);
						$.each(words, function (k, word) {
							var wordItems = wordList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
							if (k &lt; wordItems.length) {
								wordItems.eq(k).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(word);
							} else {
								var extraInput = steps.zarava.makeWordInput();
								wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(extraInput));
								extraInput.val(word);
							}
						});
						if ($.trim(wordList.children(&quot;li&quot;).last().find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val())) {
							wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(steps.zarava.makeWordInput()));
						}
					});
				});
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;dunde&quot;) {
				// Rebuild dunde rows.
				var dundeDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde&quot;);
				dundeDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;).remove();
				steps.dunde.build(dundeDiv);
				var dundeRows = snap.dunde || [];
				$.each(dundeRows, function (i, row) {
					var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
					var list = dundeDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;);
					var lastRow = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row&quot;).last();
					lastRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).val(lang).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
					var wordList = lastRow.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-words&quot;);
					$.each(words, function (j, word) {
						var wordItems = wordList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
						if (j &lt; wordItems.length) {
							wordItems.eq(j).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(word);
						} else {
							// .val() below doesn't fire &quot;input&quot;, so the normal
							// auto-grow never runs — append a matching item
							// ourselves instead of silently dropping the word.
							var extraInput = steps.dunde.makeWordInput();
							wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(extraInput));
							extraInput.val(word);
						}
					});
					// Leave one trailing empty field so the row can still grow
					// when the user types, matching a freshly-built row.
					if ($.trim(wordList.children(&quot;li&quot;).last().find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val())) {
						wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(steps.dunde.makeWordInput()));
					}
				});
				return;
			}
			var step = steps[id];
			if (!step) return;
			var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + id);
			var fields = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
			var val = snap[id];
			if (val === undefined || val === null) return;
			if (step.multiple) {
				var arr = val;
				fields.each(function (i) {
					if (i &lt; arr.length) $(this).val(arr[i]);
				});
			} else {
				fields.val(val);
			}
			// Notify chosen widgets of the programmatic value change.
			if (!isMobile) fields.filter(&quot;select&quot;).trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
		});
	}

	function getWikitextForCurrentSection(callback) {
		var values = getValues();

		var entry = steps.pos.output(values);
		steps.dfn.getOutput(values, function (output) {
			entry += output;
			entry += steps.je.output(values);
			entry += steps.tekildar.output(values);
			entry += steps.etym.output(values);
			entry += steps.dunde.output(values);
			entry += steps.binereherwiha.output(values);
			entry += steps.zarava.output(values);
			entry += steps.trans.output(values);
			entry += steps.cavkani.output(values);
			callback(entry, values);
		});
	}

	function getWikitextAllSections(callback) {
		saveCurrentSection();

		var results = new Array(sections.length);
		var sharedValues = getValues(); // lang/pron are shared

		function processSection(i) {
			if (i &gt;= sections.length) {
				// All done — restore original active section.
				restoreSection(sections[activeSection]);
				refresh();
				callback(results, sharedValues);
				return;
			}
			restoreSection(sections[i]);
			refresh();
			getWikitextForCurrentSection(function (sectionText) {
				results[i] = sectionText;
				processSection(i + 1);
			});
		}
		processSection(0);
	}

	// Assembles wikitext for all sections plus the shared lang/pron header.
	function getWikitext(callback) {
		getWikitextAllSections(function (sectionTexts, sharedValues) {
			var entry = steps.lang.output(sharedValues);
			entry += steps.pron.output(sharedValues);
			entry += sectionTexts.join(&quot;\n&quot;);

			// Edit summary uses section 0's values. Read from the saved snapshot
			// (not the live DOM) so it doesn't mix section 0's pos with whichever
			// section happens to be active/restored at this point.
			var dfnSenses = (sections[0] &amp;&amp; sections[0].dfn) || [];
			var dfnSummary = dfnSenses.map(function (s) { return s.mane; }).filter(Boolean).join(&quot;; &quot;);
			var summary = &quot;([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|WF:NÛ]] v.2.0) +&quot; +
				sharedValues.lang + &quot;:&quot; + sections[0].pos + &quot;:&quot; + dfnSummary;
			var summaryField = document.getElementById(&quot;wpSummary&quot;);
			if (addLangMode &amp;&amp; summaryField.value) {
				summary = summaryField.value + &quot; &quot; + summary;
			}
			summaryField.value = summary;

			callback(entry);
		});
	}

	var continueBtn;

	function getValuesForStep(stepId) {
		var fields = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + stepId + &quot; .wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
		var step = steps[stepId];
		if (step.keys) {
			var values = {};
			fields.each(function (i, field) {
				var key = $(field).prevAll(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;).val();
				if (key) values[key] = $(field).val();
			});
			return values;
		}
		else if (step.multiple) {
			return fields.map(function () {
				return $(this).val();
			}).get();
		}
		return fields.val();
	}

	function getValues() {
		var values = {};
		$.each(steps, function (stepId) {
			values[stepId] = getValuesForStep(stepId);
		});
		return values;
	}

	function populateMenus(inputs, choices, disabledValues) {
		if (!disabledValues) disabledValues = {};
		var vals = inputs.map(function (i, input) {
			return $(input).val();
		});
		inputs.empty();
		inputs.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
		$.each(choices, function (j, choice) {
			// Append the language code in parentheses so that typing a code
			// (e.g. &quot;ku&quot;) in the search box still finds the language name.
			var displayText = capitalize(choice[1]);
			if (choice[2] !== undefined) {
				// This is a language choice [code, name, sortKey] — show code.
				displayText = capitalize(choice[1]) + &quot; (&quot; + choice[0] + &quot;)&quot;;
			}
			var option = $(mw.html.element(&quot;option&quot;, {
				value: choice[0] }, displayText));
			if (disabledValues[choice[0]]) option.prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, true);
			inputs.append(option);
		});
		inputs.val(function (i) {
			return vals[i];
		});
	}

	// Keys to disable for a key menu: already-taken or explicitly disabled.
	function getDisabledKeys(step) {
		var occupiedKeys = {};
		$(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot; .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;).each(function () {
			occupiedKeys[$(this).val()] = true;
		});
		if (step.disabledKeys) $.extend(occupiedKeys, step.disabledKeys);
		return occupiedKeys;
	}

	function buildKeyInput(step) {
		if (!step.keys) return undefined;

		var input = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
			&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
		input.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;, &quot;Hilbijêre &quot; + step.keyName);

		if (isMobile) {
			populateMenus(input, step.keys, getDisabledKeys(step));
			// On mobile return the wrapper; the select is inside it.
			// Change events still fire on the inner select.
			return wrapNativeSelect(input);
		}

		input.on(&quot;chosen:showing_dropdown&quot;, function () {
			$(this).data(&quot;wiktku-defaultValue&quot;, $(this).val());
		});
		input.change(function (_, context) {
			var inputs = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot; .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;).not(this);
			var oldValue = $(this).data(&quot;wiktku-defaultValue&quot;);
			var newValue = context.selected;
			inputs.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + oldValue + &quot;']&quot;).prop('disabled', false);
			inputs.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + newValue + &quot;']&quot;).prop('disabled', true);
			inputs.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
		});
		populateMenus(input, step.keys, getDisabledKeys(step));

		return input;
	}

	// Adds another text field to the list if the last one now has text.
	function refreshForTextField(currentInput, step) {
		currentInput = $(currentInput);
		var value = currentInput.val();
		var item = currentInput.parent();
		if (value &amp;&amp; !item.next(&quot;li&quot;).length) {
			var nextInput = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
				.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-field-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
				.attr(&quot;class&quot;, currentInput.attr(&quot;class&quot;))
				.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, currentInput.attr(&quot;rows&quot;) || 1);
			nextInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function (evt) {
				refreshForTextField(evt.target, step);
			});

			var nextKeyInput = buildKeyInput(step);
			var nextItem = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(nextKeyInput).append(nextInput);
			item.parent().append(nextItem);

			if (nextKeyInput) nextKeyInput.chosen(chosenOptions);
		}

		var canContinue = !continueBtn.isDisabled();
		if ((value &amp;&amp; !canContinue) || (!value &amp;&amp; canContinue)) {
			refresh(step);
		}
	}

	function prepareInput(input, step) {
		if (!input) return;
		if (step.required) input.prop('required', true);
		input.change(step, refresh);
	}

	// Shows/hides steps based on whether their prerequisites are met, and
	// updates placeholders where applicable.
	function refresh(evt) {
		var values = getValues();
		var changedStep = evt &amp;&amp; evt.data;
		var didFocus = false;
		var canContinue = true;

		// Re-filter template options in every sense block whenever lang changes.
		$(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn .wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;).each(function () {
			var fn = $(this).data(&quot;updateOptions&quot;);
			if (typeof fn === &quot;function&quot;) fn();
		});

		// Re-filter pronunciation and etymology template dropdowns when language changes.
		steps.pron.refreshTplSelect();
		steps.etym.refreshTplSelect();
		steps.cavkani.refreshTplSelect();

		// Sync tr/t sub-fields in every nimûne item to the current language.
		// tr shown when language needs transliteration; t shown when lang !== &quot;ku&quot;.
		(function () {
			var lang = values.lang || &quot;&quot;;
			var showTr = needsTransliteration(lang);
			var showT  = lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;;
			$(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn .wiktku-dfn-nimune-list li.wiktku-dfn-nimune-li&quot;).each(function () {
				var li = $(this);

				// Ensure the sub-wrapper exists when we need it.
				var subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);

				// tr field
				var trTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;);
				if (showTr &amp;&amp; !trTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);
						li.append(subWrap);
					}
					trTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyon…&quot;);
					subWrap.prepend(trTa);
				} else if (!showTr &amp;&amp; trTa.length) {
					trTa.remove();
				}

				// t field
				var tTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;);
				if (showT &amp;&amp; !tTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);
						li.append(subWrap);
					}
					tTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya nimûneyê kurmancî…&quot;);
					subWrap.append(tTa);
				} else if (!showT &amp;&amp; tTa.length) {
					tTa.remove();
				}

				// Remove the wrapper if it ended up empty.
				subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);
				if (subWrap.length &amp;&amp; !subWrap.children().length) subWrap.remove();
			});
		}());

		// Sync tr/t sub-fields in every jêder citation to the current language.
		// tr shown when language needs transliteration; t shown when lang !== &quot;ku&quot;.
		(function () {
			var lang = values.lang || &quot;&quot;;
			var showTr = needsTransliteration(lang);
			var showT  = lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;;
			$(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn .wiktku-dfn-jeder-list li.wiktku-dfn-jeder-li&quot;).each(function () {
				var li = $(this);

				// Ensure the sub-wrapper exists when we need it. It must sit right
				// after the quote textarea and before the source selector.
				var subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);

				// tr field
				var trTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;);
				if (showTr &amp;&amp; !trTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).after(subWrap);
					}
					trTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyona jêgirtinê…&quot;);
					subWrap.prepend(trTa);
				} else if (!showTr &amp;&amp; trTa.length) {
					trTa.remove();
				}

				// t field
				var tTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;);
				if (showT &amp;&amp; !tTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).after(subWrap);
					}
					tTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya jêgirtinê ya kurmancî…&quot;);
					subWrap.append(tTa);
				} else if (!showT &amp;&amp; tTa.length) {
					tTa.remove();
				}

				// Remove the wrapper if it ended up empty.
				subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);
				if (subWrap.length &amp;&amp; !subWrap.children().length) subWrap.remove();
			});
		}());

		$.each(steps, function (stepId, step) {
			if (typeof(step.visible) === &quot;function&quot; &amp;&amp; !step.visible(values)) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + stepId).slideUp();
			}
			else {
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + stepId);

				if (changedStep !== step &amp;&amp; typeof(step.build) === &quot;function&quot;) {
					prepareInput(step.build(stepDiv, values), step);
				}

				var input = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
				if (typeof(step.example) === &quot;function&quot;) {
					// .find() above already reaches nested fields (e.g. the dfn
					// step's mane textareas inside each sense block), so one
					// assignment covers every step; dfn keeps its own fallback.
					var exampleText = step.example(values) || (step.id === &quot;dfn&quot; ? &quot;Mane…&quot; : &quot;&quot;);
					input.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, exampleText);
				}

				var didSlideDown;
				if (!didFocus &amp;&amp; stepDiv.css(&quot;display&quot;) === &quot;none&quot; &amp;&amp; step.required) {
					didSlideDown = function (evt) {
						input.focus();
					};
					didFocus = true;
				}
				stepDiv.slideDown(didSlideDown);
			}

			if (step.required &amp;&amp;
				(values[stepId] === &quot;&quot; ||
				(step.multiple &amp;&amp; values[stepId].join(&quot;&quot;) === &quot;&quot;))) {
				canContinue = false;
			}
		});

		continueBtn.setDisabled(!canContinue);
	}

	function destroy() {
		$(&quot;#wiktku-start-form, .noafterwizard&quot;).slideUp(function () {
			$(this).remove();
		});
		$(&quot;.noarticletext .nowizard, #editform&quot;).slideDown();

		$(&quot;#ca-edit&quot;).removeClass(&quot;selected&quot;);
		$(&quot;#ca-wiktku-nowizard&quot;).addClass(&quot;selected&quot;);
	}

	// Priority order for Kurdish dialects and the navz pseudo-code.
	// Codes listed here come before all other languages; unlisted codes
	// are sorted alphabetically by their display name via localeCompare.
	var LANG_PRIORITY = [&quot;navz&quot;, &quot;ku&quot;, &quot;hac&quot;, &quot;sdh&quot;, &quot;lki&quot;, &quot;ckb&quot;, &quot;zza&quot;];

	// Inserts a new &quot;== {{ziman|code}} ==&quot; section at the correct sorted
	// position: navz, then ku/hac/sdh/lki/ckb/zza, then alphabetical by name.
	function insertNewLangSection(existing, wikitext) {
		var newCodeMatch = wikitext.match(new RegExp(&quot;^&quot; + langHeaderSource(&quot;[^}]+&quot;)));
		var newCode = newCodeMatch ? newCodeMatch[1] : &quot;&quot;;
		var sections = [];
		var preamble = &quot;&quot;;
		var anyHeaderSrc = langHeaderSource(&quot;[^}]+&quot;);
		var firstMatch = new RegExp(&quot;^&quot; + anyHeaderSrc, &quot;m&quot;).exec(existing);

		if (!firstMatch) {
			// No existing lang sections at all — just append.
			var sep = existing &amp;&amp; !/\n\s*$/.test(existing) ? &quot;\n\n&quot; : &quot;&quot;;
			return existing + sep + wikitext;
		}

		// Everything before the first == {{ziman|...}} == is the preamble.
		var firstSectionStart = firstMatch.index;
		// Walk back to the start of that line.
		var lineStart = existing.lastIndexOf(&quot;\n&quot;, firstSectionStart - 1);
		var preambleEnd = lineStart !== -1 ? lineStart + 1 : 0;
		preamble = existing.slice(0, preambleEnd);

		// Parse each language section: header line + everything until the next header.
		var body = existing.slice(preambleEnd);
		// (?![\s\S]) matches only true end-of-string, since a bare &quot;$&quot; with
		// /m would stop at the section's first line break instead.
		var langSectionRe = new RegExp(
			&quot;^(&quot; + anyHeaderSrc + &quot;\\n?)([\\s\\S]*?)(?=\\n&quot; + anyHeaderSrc + &quot;|(?![\\s\\S]))&quot;,
			&quot;gm&quot;
		);
		var m;
		while ((m = langSectionRe.exec(body)) !== null) {
			sections.push({
				code:    m[2],
				content: m[0]   // full text of this section including header
			});
		}

		// Determine sort rank: priority list first (by index), then alphabetical.
		function getLangName(code) {
			var entry = langsByCode[code];
			return entry ? entry[1] : code;
		}
		function sortRank(code) {
			var idx = LANG_PRIORITY.indexOf(code);
			return idx !== -1 ? idx : LANG_PRIORITY.length;
		}
		function compareLangs(a, b) {
			var ra = sortRank(a), rb = sortRank(b);
			if (ra !== rb) return ra - rb;
			// Both are outside priority list — sort by display name.
			return getLangName(a).localeCompare(getLangName(b), userLang);
		}

		// Insert the new section into the sorted list.
		var newSection = { code: newCode, content: wikitext };
		var inserted = false;
		for (var i = 0; i &lt; sections.length; i++) {
			if (compareLangs(newCode, sections[i].code) &lt; 0) {
				sections.splice(i, 0, newSection);
				inserted = true;
				break;
			}
		}
		if (!inserted) sections.push(newSection);

		// Re-join: preamble + sections separated by newlines.
		var joined = sections.map(function (s) {
			// Ensure each section ends with exactly one newline before the next.
			return s.content.replace(/\n+$/, &quot;&quot;);
		}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);

		return preamble + joined + &quot;\n&quot;;
	}

	function build() {
		$(&quot;.nowizard, .nowizard .noafterwizard&quot;).hide();

		var callToAction = $(&quot;#wiktku-calltoaction&quot;);
		var origCallToActionText = callToAction.text();
		$(mw.util.addPortletLink(&quot;p-views&quot;, &quot;#&quot;, &quot;Edîtora çavkaniyê veke&quot;,
			&quot;ca-wiktku-nowizard&quot;, &quot;Vê rûpelê bi edîtora çavkaniyê çêke&quot;,
			undefined, &quot;#ca-watch&quot;)).click(function (evt) {
			evt.preventDefault();
			callToAction.text(origCallToActionText);
			destroy();
		});
		if (callToAction.length) {
			callToAction.text(origCallToActionText +
				&quot; Forma li jêr ji bo çêkirina madeyeke nû bi kar bîne.&quot;);
		}

		var startForm = $(&quot;&lt;form id='wiktku-start-form'&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&quot;);
		var clearPageCheck = null;
		if (addLangMode) {
			startForm.append($(&quot;&lt;p class='wiktku-addlang-notice'&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&quot;).html(
				&quot;Bi vê formê tu yê zimanekî nû li rûpelê îlawe bikî. Eger ev zimanê jixwe di rûpelê de hebe, beşa nû li dawiya vî zimanî dê were îlawekirin. &quot; +
				&quot;Ji kerema xwe netîceya dawî kontrol bike, eger problemek derkeve, li &lt;a href='&quot; +
				mw.util.getUrl('Mediawiki talk:Gadget-start.js') +
				&quot;'&gt;nîqaşa vê amûrê&lt;/a&gt; problemê ragihîne.&quot;
			));
			clearPageCheck = $(&quot;&lt;input type='checkbox' id='wiktku-clear-page-check'&gt;&quot;);
			var clearPageLabel = $(&quot;&lt;label for='wiktku-clear-page-check'&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;)
				.text(&quot; Naveroka rûpelê paqij bike (rûpelê ji nû ve binivîse)&quot;);
			startForm.append(
				$(&quot;&lt;p class='wiktku-addlang-notice'&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&quot;)
					.append(clearPageCheck)
					.append(clearPageLabel)
			);
			// Re-evaluate step visibility (e.g. the pron step) whenever this
			// is toggled, since it changes what counts as &quot;existing content&quot;.
			clearPageCheck.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
				refresh();
			});
		}
		var spinner;
		// Tab bar for switching between POS sections.
		var sectionTabsDiv = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-section-tabs'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
		startForm.submit(function (evt) {
			evt.preventDefault();

			continueBtn.setDisabled(true);
			spinner.show();

			getWikitext(function (wikitext) {
				if (addLangMode &amp;&amp; clearPageCheck &amp;&amp; clearPageCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
					// User asked to wipe the page and start fresh — just
					// write the newly generated wikitext as the full content.
					$(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;).val(wikitext);
				} else if (addLangMode) {
					var textbox = $(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;);
					var existing = textbox.val() || &quot;&quot;;

					// If this language's section already exists (whitespace
					// differences aside), merge into it; otherwise insert new.
					var langHeaderMatch = wikitext.match(new RegExp(&quot;^(&quot; + langHeaderSource(&quot;[^}]+&quot;) + &quot;\\n)&quot;));
					if (langHeaderMatch) {
						var langHeader = langHeaderMatch[1]; // e.g. &quot;== {{ziman|ku}} ==\n&quot;
						var newCode = langHeaderMatch[2];
						var existingHeader = findLangHeader(existing, newCode);
						if (existingHeader) {
							// Strip the header from the new output.
							var newContent = wikitext.slice(langHeader.length);

							// Find the insertion point: end of the existing lang section.
							// A new L2 heading marks the start of the next language block.
							var searchFrom = existingHeader.index + existingHeader.match.length;
							// Find the next == … == heading after this section's start.
							var nextL2 = existing.indexOf(&quot;\n== &quot;, searchFrom);
							var insertAt = nextL2 !== -1 ? nextL2 : existing.length;

							// Ensure there's a blank line before the inserted block.
							var before = existing.slice(0, insertAt);
							var after  = existing.slice(insertAt);
							var sep = /\n\s*$/.test(before) ? &quot;&quot; : &quot;\n&quot;;
							textbox.val(before + sep + newContent + after);
						} else {
							// New language — insert at the correct sorted position.
							textbox.val(insertNewLangSection(existing, wikitext));
						}
					} else {
						// Unexpected format — insert at sorted position anyway.
						textbox.val(insertNewLangSection(existing, wikitext));
					}
				} else {
					$(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;).val(wikitext);
				}
				$(&quot;html, body&quot;).animate({scrollTop: 0});
				callToAction.text(&quot;Hindik ma!&quot;);
				$(&quot;#wiktku-preview-container&quot;).remove();
				destroy();
			});
		});
		$.each(ordered_steps, function (i, step) {
			var stepDiv = $(mw.html.element(&quot;div&quot;, {
				&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step&quot;,
				id: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id }));
			var name = capitalize(step.name);
			stepDiv.append($(mw.html.element(&quot;h3&quot;, {
				&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-name&quot; }, new mw.html.Raw(mw.html.element(&quot;label&quot;, {
				&quot;for&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot; }, name)))));

			if (step.question_fmt) {
				stepDiv.append($(mw.html.element(&quot;label&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-question&quot;,
					&quot;for&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot; }, step.question_fmt)));
				if (step.question_br) stepDiv.append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;));
			}

			var input;
			if (step.choices) {
				input = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-field&quot;,
					id: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot; }));
				input.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;,
					capitalize(step.name) + &quot; hilbijêre &quot;);
				populateMenus(input, step.choices);
				if (step.multiple) input.attr(&quot;multiple&quot;, true);
				if (isMobile) {
					stepDiv.append(wrapNativeSelect(input));
				} else {
					stepDiv.append(input);
				}
			} else if (typeof(step.build) === &quot;function&quot;) {
				input = step.build(stepDiv);
			} else {
				input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;id&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, step.rows || 2);
				if (step.narrow) input.addClass(&quot;wiktku-start-narrow&quot;);
				if (step.multiple) {
					input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function (evt) {
						refreshForTextField(evt.target, step);
					});
					var keyInput = buildKeyInput(step);
					var list = $(step.ordered ? &quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot; : &quot;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;)
						.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(keyInput).append(input));
					stepDiv.append(list);
				}
				else stepDiv.append(input);
			}

			prepareInput(input, step);
			stepDiv.hide();
			// Insert tab bar just before the first per-section step.
			if (step.id === &quot;pos&quot;) startForm.append(sectionTabsDiv);
			startForm.append(stepDiv);
		});

		// ── Section tab helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────

		// ── Add-section button — lives in the tab bar, disabled until pos chosen ──
		var addSectionBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;+ Beş zêde bike&quot;,
			disabled: true
		});
		addSectionBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			saveCurrentSection();
			sections.push({});
			activeSection = sections.length - 1;
			$.each(PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS, function (_, id) {
				if (id === &quot;dfn&quot;) {
					var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;);
					stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;).remove();
					steps.dfn.build(stepDiv);
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;etym&quot;) {
					$(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-wrap&quot;).remove();
					steps.etym.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym&quot;));
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;cavkani&quot;) {
					$(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-wrap&quot;).remove();
					steps.cavkani.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani&quot;));
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;trans&quot;) {
					var transDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans&quot;);
					transDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).remove();
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;zarava&quot;) {
					var zaravaDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava&quot;);
					zaravaDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).remove();
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;dunde&quot;) {
					var dundeDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde&quot;);
					dundeDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;).remove();
					return;
				}
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + id);
				stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;).val(&quot;&quot;);
				if (!isMobile) stepDiv.find(&quot;select.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;).trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			});
			renderSectionTabs();
			refresh();
			$(&quot;html, body&quot;).animate({ scrollTop: sectionTabsDiv.offset().top - 20 }, 300);
		});

		/** Re-render the tab bar to reflect current sections[] and activeSection. */
		function renderSectionTabs() {
			// Detach (not remove) the button first: .empty() strips bound
			// event data from any children left inside it, which would
			// silently kill addSectionBtn's click handler on every re-render.
			addSectionBtn.$element.detach();
			sectionTabsDiv.empty();

			var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
			if (!lang) {
				sectionTabsDiv.hide();
				return;
			}
			sectionTabsDiv.show();

			$.each(sections, function (i) {
				var posVal = sections[i].pos || &quot;&quot;;
				var tabLabel = posVal ? capitalize(posVal) : (&quot;Beş &quot; + (i + 1));
				var tab = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
					.addClass(&quot;wiktku-section-tab&quot;)
					.text(tabLabel)
					.toggleClass(&quot;wiktku-tab-active&quot;, i === activeSection);
				(function (idx) {
					tab.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
						if (idx === activeSection) return;
						saveCurrentSection();
						activeSection = idx;
						restoreSection(sections[activeSection]);
						refresh();
						renderSectionTabs();
					});
				}(i));
				sectionTabsDiv.append(tab);
			});

			// Enable &quot;Beş zêde bike&quot; only when the active section has a pos chosen.
			var activePos = sections[activeSection] &amp;&amp; sections[activeSection].pos
				? sections[activeSection].pos
				: getValues().pos;
			addSectionBtn.setDisabled(!activePos);
			sectionTabsDiv.append(addSectionBtn.$element);
		}

		renderSectionTabs();

		/**
		 * Restores a full cached draft: shared lang/pron fields, then every
		 * section (via the same restoreSection()/refresh()/renderSectionTabs()
		 * sequence already used when switching tabs).
		 * @param cached {{lang: string, pron: string, sections: Array, activeSection: number}}
		 */
		function restoreFromCache(cached) {
			if (cached.lang) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;).val(cached.lang);
				if (!isMobile) $(&quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;).trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			}
			// Rebuild dependent steps (pos, pron wrap, etc.) now that lang is set.
			refresh();

			if (cached.pron !== undefined) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-pron-text&quot;).val(cached.pron);
			}

			sections = (cached.sections &amp;&amp; cached.sections.length) ? cached.sections : [{}];
			activeSection = (typeof cached.activeSection === &quot;number&quot; &amp;&amp;
				cached.activeSection &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; cached.activeSection &lt; sections.length)
				? cached.activeSection : 0;

			restoreSection(sections[activeSection]);
			refresh();
			renderSectionTabs();

			mw.notify(&quot;Danûstandina berê ya tomarkirî ji cache hate barkirin.&quot;,
				{ type: &quot;info&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-restore&quot; });
		}

		// Update the active tab's label whenever pos changes.
		startForm.on(&quot;change&quot;, &quot;#wiktku-start-pos-field&quot;, function () {
			renderSectionTabs();
		});

		// Show the tab bar as soon as a language is selected.
		startForm.on(&quot;change&quot;, &quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;, function () {
			renderSectionTabs();
		});

		var footer = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-start-footer'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

		spinner = $(mw.html.element(&quot;img&quot;, {
			id: &quot;wiktku-start-spinner&quot;,
			src: &quot;//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Ajax-loader.gif&quot;,
			alt: &quot;Tê barkirin…&quot;,
			title: &quot;Tê barkirin…&quot; }));
		footer.append(spinner.hide());

		continueBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			id: &quot;wiktku-unhide-editform&quot;,
			label: &quot;Bişîne&quot;,
			flags: [ &quot;primary&quot;, &quot;progressive&quot; ]
		});
		continueBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			mw.notify(&quot;Tê şandin…&quot;, { type: &quot;info&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-submit&quot; });
			startForm.trigger(&quot;submit&quot;);
		});
		footer.append(continueBtn.$element);

		// &quot;Edîtora çavkaniyê veke&quot; button — inline fallback for the portlet link
		// which is invisible on mobile and easy to miss on desktop.
		var sourceEditorBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;Edîtora çavkaniyê veke&quot;,
			framed: false
		});
		sourceEditorBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			destroy();
		});
		footer.append(sourceEditorBtn.$element);

		// ── Cache save/clear buttons ─────────────────────────────────────────
		// Manual, page-scoped save of the entire wizard (all sections, not
		// just the active one) via [[MediaWiki:Gadget-StorageUtils.js]]'s
		// ObjectStorage. Restoring happens silently on load (see the
		// ziman.json .then() callback below), once the full language list
		// is available.
		var saveCacheBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;Li cache tomar bike&quot;,
			title: &quot;Rewşa niha ya vê formê (ziman, bilêvkirin û hemû beş) li cache (localStorage) tomar bike, da ku eger rûpel bêyî xwestin were girtin an ji nû ve were barkirin, tu karibî berdewam bikî.&quot;
		});
		saveCacheBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			saveCurrentSection();
			var snapshot = {
				lang: getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;,
				pron: $(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-pron-text&quot;).val() || &quot;&quot;,
				sections: sections,
				activeSection: activeSection
			};
			// ObjectStorage.Set() doesn't return a success/failure value, so
			// the only way to detect a real failure (storage blocked, quota
			// exceeded, JSON.stringify choking on something unexpected) is to
			// catch it here rather than inspect a (nonexistent) return value.
			try {
				formCache.Set(snapshot);
				mw.notify(&quot;Rewşa formê li cache hate tomarkirin.&quot;, { type: &quot;success&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-save&quot; });
			} catch (e) {
				mw.notify(&quot;Tomarkirina li cache serneket.&quot;, { type: &quot;error&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-save&quot; });
			}
		});
		footer.append(saveCacheBtn.$element);

		var clearCacheBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;Cache paqij bike&quot;,
			flags: [ &quot;destructive&quot; ],
			title: &quot;Daneyên tomarkirî yên vê rûpelê ji cache jê bibe (formeke ku niha xuya dike naguherîne).&quot;
		});
		clearCacheBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			formCache.Set({});
			mw.notify(&quot;Cache hate paqijkirin.&quot;, { type: &quot;success&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-clear&quot; });
		});
		footer.append(clearCacheBtn.$element);

		// ── Preview checkboxes ───────────────────────────────────────────────

		// Wikitext preview (raw text panel)
		var previewCheck = $(&quot;&lt;input type='checkbox' id='wiktku-preview-toggle'&gt;&quot;);
		var previewLabel = $(&quot;&lt;label for='wiktku-preview-toggle'&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;)
			.text(&quot; Pêşdîtina wîkîtekstê&quot;);
		var previewPanel = $(&quot;&lt;pre id='wiktku-preview-panel'&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&quot;).hide();

		// Live rendered preview (parsed HTML panel, same logic as AjaxEdit).
		// Not available on mobile — API polling causes too many problems on small screens.
		var livePreviewCheck = null;
		var livePreviewPanel = null;
		if (!isMobile) {
			livePreviewCheck = $(&quot;&lt;input type='checkbox' id='wiktku-live-preview-toggle'&gt;&quot;);
			livePreviewPanel = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-live-preview-panel'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).hide();
		}

		// Container that holds both panels and switches between stacked / side-by-side.
		var previewContainer = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-preview-container'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
		previewContainer.append(previewPanel);
		if (!isMobile) previewContainer.append(livePreviewPanel);

		var previewTimer = null;
		var livePreviewIntervalId = -1;
		var livePreviewActive = false;  // guards in-flight fetches after uncheck

		/** Rebuilds wikitext preview if its checkbox is checked. */
		function schedulePreview() {
			if (!previewCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) return;
			clearTimeout(previewTimer);
			// Debounce: wait 400 ms after the last keystroke before rebuilding.
			previewTimer = setTimeout(function () {
				getWikitext(function (wikitext) {
					previewPanel.text(wikitext).show();
					updatePanelLayout();
				});
			}, 400);
		}

		/** Fetches parsed HTML and populates the live preview panel. */
		function loadLivePreview() {
			getWikitext(function (wikitext) {
				var query = {
					action: &quot;parse&quot;,
					text: wikitext,
					title: mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;),
					prop: &quot;text&quot;,
					format: &quot;json&quot;,
					formatversion: 2
				};
				new Morebits.wiki.Api(&quot;Pêşdîtina zindî tê barkirin…&quot;, query).post().then(function (apiobj) {
					// Discard result if the user unchecked while the fetch was in flight.
					if (!livePreviewActive) return;
					var html = apiobj.getResponse().parse.text;
					livePreviewPanel.html(html).show();
					updatePanelLayout();
				});
			});
		}

		/** Adjusts panel widths depending on which previews are visible. */
		function updatePanelLayout() {
			var wikitextVisible = previewCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;);
			var liveVisible = livePreviewCheck &amp;&amp; livePreviewCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;);
			if (wikitextVisible &amp;&amp; liveVisible) {
				// Side by side — each panel takes roughly half the available width.
				previewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 45%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;280px&quot; });
				livePreviewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 45%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;280px&quot; });
			} else {
				// Full width for whichever is visible — only touch panels that are
				// actually shown so that setting flex doesn't override display:none.
				if (wikitextVisible) previewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 100%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;&quot; });
				if (liveVisible &amp;&amp; livePreviewPanel) livePreviewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 100%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;&quot; });
			}
		}

		previewCheck.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
			if ($(this).prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
				schedulePreview();
			} else {
				clearTimeout(previewTimer);
				previewPanel.hide();
				updatePanelLayout();
			}
		});

		if (!isMobile) {
			livePreviewCheck.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
				if ($(this).prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
					livePreviewActive = true;
					livePreviewPanel.show();
					loadLivePreview();
					livePreviewIntervalId = setInterval(loadLivePreview, 500);
				} else {
					livePreviewActive = false;
					clearInterval(livePreviewIntervalId);
					livePreviewIntervalId = -1;
					livePreviewPanel.hide().empty();
					updatePanelLayout();
				}
			});
		}

		// Listen on all input/change events on the form and update both previews.
		startForm.on(&quot;input change&quot;, function () {
			schedulePreview();
		});

		footer.append($(&quot;&lt;span style='margin-left:1em'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
			.append(previewCheck).append(previewLabel));
		if (!isMobile) {
			var livePreviewLabel = $(&quot;&lt;label for='wiktku-live-preview-toggle'&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;)
				.text(&quot; Pêşdîtina zindî&quot;);
			footer.append($(&quot;&lt;span style='margin-left:1em'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
				.append(livePreviewCheck).append(livePreviewLabel));
		}
		startForm.append(footer);

		$(&quot;#editform&quot;).hide().before(startForm);
		// Insert preview container (holds both panels) after the form.
		startForm.after(previewContainer);
		if (!isMobile) startForm.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
		refresh();

		// Zimanan ji MediaWiki:Gadget-translation_editor.js/ziman.json bar bike.
		// Kodên ku bi &quot;-pro&quot; diqedin û navên ku &quot;zimanê destan&quot; tê de heye
		// tên derxistin. Zimanên xardkirî li serî dimînin, yên din
		// bi alfabeyê li dû wan tên.
		// Pinned choices come from MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json (langChoices),
		// already loaded into steps.lang.choices before build() runs.
		var pinnedChoices = steps.lang.choices.slice();
		var pinnedCodes = $.map(pinnedChoices, function (choice) { return choice[0]; });

		var zimanQuery = {
			action: &quot;query&quot;,
			prop: &quot;revisions&quot;,
			titles: &quot;MediaWiki:Gadget-translation_editor.js/ziman.json&quot;,
			rvprop: &quot;content&quot;,
			rvslots: &quot;main&quot;,
			format: &quot;json&quot;,
			formatversion: 2
		};
		new Morebits.wiki.Api(&quot;Lîsteya zimanan tê anîn…&quot;, zimanQuery).post().then(function (apiobj) {
			var data = apiobj.getResponse();
			var page = data.query.pages[0];
			var content = page &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions[0].slots.main.content;
			var zimanData;
			try { zimanData = JSON.parse(content); } catch (e) { zimanData = {}; }

			var extraChoices = [];
			$.each(zimanData, function (code, name) {
				// Filter: skip proto-language codes and legendary/reconstructed langs.
				if (/-pro$/i.test(code)) return;
				if (/ziman[eê]\s+destan/i.test(name)) return;
				// Skip codes already in the pinned list (they are handled above).
				if (pinnedCodes.indexOf(code) !== -1) return;

				// sortKey: bare name without leading &quot;zimanê &quot; for sorting.
				var sortKey = name.replace(/^ziman[eê]\s+/i, &quot;&quot;);
				var choice = [code, name, sortKey];
				extraChoices.push(choice);
				langsByCode[code] = choice;
			});

			// Populate langsByCode for pinned choices too.
			$.each(pinnedChoices, function (i, choice) {
				// Ensure pinned choices have a sortKey (index 2).
				if (choice.length &lt; 3) choice[2] = choice[1];
				langsByCode[choice[0]] = choice;
			});

			// Sort the extra choices alphabetically by sort key.
			extraChoices.sort(function (a, b) {
				return a[2].localeCompare(b[2], userLang);
			});

			// Final list: pinned first, then the rest.
			var allChoices = pinnedChoices.concat(extraChoices);
			steps.lang.choices = allChoices;
			steps.trans.keys = allChoices;
			steps.dunde.keys = allChoices;
			steps.zarava.keys = getZaravaKeys(allChoices);

			var langMenu = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;);
			populateMenus(langMenu, steps.lang.choices);
			langMenu.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

			var transMenus = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;);
			populateMenus(transMenus, steps.trans.keys, getDisabledKeys(steps.trans));
			transMenus.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

			var dundeMenus = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;);
			populateMenus(dundeMenus, steps.dunde.keys, getDisabledKeys(steps.dunde));
			dundeMenus.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

			var zaravaMenus = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;);
			populateMenus(zaravaMenus, steps.zarava.keys, getDisabledKeys(steps.zarava));

			// Now that the full language list is loaded, silently restore any
			// draft the editor previously saved for this page (if the &quot;Li
			// cache tomar bike&quot; button was ever used here).
			var cachedDraft = formCache.Get();
			if (cachedDraft &amp;&amp; cachedDraft.sections &amp;&amp; cachedDraft.sections.length) {
				restoreFromCache(cachedDraft);
			}
		});
	}

	mw.loader.using([&quot;jquery.chosen&quot;, &quot;oojs-ui-core&quot;], function () {
		if (!isMobile) {
			mw.notify(
				&quot;Amûr dest pê dike, hinek bisekinin.\nNot: jkx Sentaks (Syntax highlighting) neaktîv bikin&quot;,
				{ type: &quot;info&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-start-notice&quot;, autoHide: true, autoHideSeconds: 10 }
			);
		}
		// Load metadata, langChoices, posChoices and tplDefs from the companion
		// data page so they can be updated without touching this script.
		var dataQuery = {
			action: &quot;query&quot;,
			prop: &quot;revisions&quot;,
			titles: &quot;MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json&quot;,
			rvprop: &quot;content&quot;,
			rvslots: &quot;main&quot;,
			format: &quot;json&quot;,
			formatversion: 2
		};
		new Morebits.wiki.Api(&quot;Daneyên destpêkê tên anîn…&quot;, dataQuery).post().then(function (apiobj) {
			var data = apiobj.getResponse();
			var page = data.query.pages[0];
			var content = page &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions[0].slots.main.content;
			var d;
			try { d = JSON.parse(content); } catch (e) { d = {}; }

			// Populate metadata.
			if (d.metadata) $.extend(metadata, d.metadata);

			// Populate gender labels.
			if (d.genderLabels) $.extend(GENDER_BASE_LABELS, d.genderLabels);

			// Populate lang choices (pinned list used by build() → ziman.json loader).
			if (d.langChoices) steps.lang.choices = d.langChoices;

			// Populate POS choices.
			if (d.posChoices) steps.pos.choices = d.posChoices;

			// Populate template definitions for the dfn sense-block builder.
			if (d.tplDefs) steps.dfn.tplDefs = d.tplDefs;

			// Populate pos placeholder examples.
			if (d.posExamples) steps.dfn.posExamples = d.posExamples;

			// Populate citation template definitions for the quote widget.
			if (d.jederDefs) steps.dfn.jederDefs = d.jederDefs;

			// Populate pronunciation and etymology template insert lists.
			if (d.pronTpls) {
				steps.pron.pronTpls = d.pronTpls;
				steps.pron.refreshTplSelect();
			}
			if (d.etymTpls) {
				steps.etym.etymTpls = d.etymTpls;
				steps.etym.refreshTplSelect();
			}

			// Sync trans/dunde/zarava keys with the (now populated) lang choices.
			steps.trans.keys = steps.lang.choices;
			steps.dunde.keys = steps.lang.choices;
			steps.zarava.keys = getZaravaKeys(steps.lang.choices);

		}).always(build);
	});
});
//&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>g2ovji1zuh1f6yifo2ngwv756ls3ygm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291556</id>
      <parentid>6291554</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T11:07:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Restored revision 6278202 by [[Special:Contributions/Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[User talk:Wikihez|talk]]) ([[:m:User:Xiplus/TwinkleGlobal|TwinkleGlobal]])</comment>
      <origin>6291556</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="131598" sha1="s3kinat8hbrkdmu8whfd7osun31az3b" xml:space="preserve">// Li ser [[vi:MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js]] hatiye refaktorkirin.
// implicit dependencies: StorageUtils (ObjectStorage)

//&lt;nowiki&gt;
$(function () {
	if (window.location.href.includes(&quot;editintro=User:Wikihez/creation/intro&quot;)) {
		return; // Do not run the script wextê WF:Bilez dişuxile
	}
	
	var ns = mw.config.get(&quot;wgNamespaceNumber&quot;);
	if (ns &amp;&amp;
		!(ns === 2 &amp;&amp; mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;).match(/\/ceribandin$|\/test$/))) {
		return;
	}
	var action = mw.config.get(&quot;wgAction&quot;);
	var pageExists = !!mw.config.get(&quot;wgArticleId&quot;);

	var addLangMode = pageExists &amp;&amp; mw.util.getParamValue(&quot;wiktkuaddlang&quot;) === &quot;1&quot;;

	if (action === &quot;view&quot; &amp;&amp; pageExists) {
		var targetContainer;
		var skin = mw.config.get('skin');
		
		if (skin === 'vector-2022') {
			targetContainer = 'p-cactions';
		} else if (skin === 'vector') {
			targetContainer = 'p-tb';
		} else {
			targetContainer = 'p-views';
		}
		mw.util.addPortletLink(targetContainer,
			mw.util.getUrl(mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;), { action: &quot;submit&quot;, wiktkuaddlang: &quot;1&quot; }),
			&quot;+Ziman/beşeke din&quot;, &quot;ca-wiktku-addlang&quot;,
			&quot;Ji vê rûpelê re ziman an jî beşeke nû zêde bike&quot;);
		return;
	}

	if (!(action === &quot;edit&quot; || action === &quot;submit&quot;)) {
		return;
	}
	if (!addLangMode &amp;&amp; !$(&quot;.mw-newarticletext, .mw-newarticletextanon&quot;).length) {
		return;
	}

	function capitalize(str) {
		if (!str) return str;
		return str[0].toUpperCase() + str.substr(1);
	}

	function decapitalize(str) {
		if (!str) return str;
		return str[0].toLowerCase() + str.substr(1);
	}

	function escapeRegExp(str) {
		return str.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, &quot;\\$&amp;&quot;);
	}

	// Regex source for a &quot;== {{ziman|CODE}} ==&quot; header, tolerant of extra
	// whitespace. codePattern: escaped code for one language, or &quot;[^}]+&quot; for any.
	function langHeaderSource(codePattern) {
		return &quot;==\\s*\\{\\{\\s*ziman\\s*\\|\\s*(&quot; + codePattern + &quot;)\\s*\\}\\}\\s*==&quot;;
	}

	// Finds a language's header in wikitext (see langHeaderSource). Returns
	// { index, match } or null.
	function findLangHeader(text, code) {
		var m = new RegExp(langHeaderSource(escapeRegExp(code))).exec(text);
		return m ? { index: m.index, match: m[0] } : null;
	}

	function stripWikilinks(str) {
		return str.replace(/\[\[([^\]|]+)(?:\|([^\]]+))?\]\]/g, function (m, target, display) {
			return display || target;
		});
	}

	function insertAtCursor(el, text) {
		var start = el.selectionStart;
		var end   = el.selectionEnd;
		var val   = el.value;
		el.value = val.slice(0, start) + text + val.slice(end);
		var pos = start + text.length;
		el.selectionStart = el.selectionEnd = pos;
	}

	// Members of [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]] (source/citation templates), used by the
	// &quot;Ji Kategorî:Çavkanî şablonekê hilbijêre&quot; jêder-source option. Fetched
	// once on first use and cached — every citation row's picker shares it.
	var catSrcTemplates = null;
	var catSrcTemplatesPromise = null;
	function fetchCatSrcTemplates() {
		if (catSrcTemplatesPromise) return catSrcTemplatesPromise;
		catSrcTemplatesPromise = new mw.Api().get({
			action: &quot;query&quot;,
			list: &quot;categorymembers&quot;,
			cmtitle: &quot;Kategorî:Çavkanî&quot;,
			cmnamespace: 10,
			cmlimit: &quot;max&quot;,
			formatversion: 2
		}).then(function (data) {
			var members = (data.query &amp;&amp; data.query.categorymembers) || [];
			catSrcTemplates = $.map(members, function (m) {
				// Pêşgira navî ya &quot;Şablon:&quot; rake.
				return m.title.replace(/^[^:]+:/, &quot;&quot;);
			});
			catSrcTemplates.sort(function (a, b) { return a.localeCompare(b, userLang); });
			return catSrcTemplates;
		}, function () {
			catSrcTemplates = [];
			return catSrcTemplates;
		});
		return catSrcTemplatesPromise;
	}

	var pageName = mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;).replaceAll(/_/g, &quot; &quot;);
	if (ns) pageName = pageName.replace(/.*\//, &quot;&quot;);
	var pageNameRe = escapeRegExp(pageName);
	var userLang = mw.config.get(&quot;wgUserLanguage&quot;);

	// Draft cache for this page — lets the editor manually save/restore the
	// whole wizard state (shared lang/pron + every section) via
	// [[MediaWiki:Gadget-StorageUtils.js]]'s ObjectStorage, independent of
	// any single browser session. Keyed per page so different articles'
	// drafts don't collide.
	var formCache = new ObjectStorage(&quot;wiktku_start_draft_&quot; + mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;), 1);

	// Mobile detection: MobileFrontend sets wgMFMode, or fall back to touch check.
	var isMobile = !!mw.config.get(&quot;wgMFMode&quot;) || window.matchMedia(&quot;(pointer: coarse)&quot;).matches;

	var chosenOptions = {
		width: &quot;20em&quot;,
		disable_search_threshold: 0,
		placeholder_text_single: &quot;Yekî hilbijêre&quot;,
		placeholder_text_multiple: &quot;Hilbijêre&quot;,
		no_results_text: &quot;Nehat dîtin&quot;,
		enable_split_word_search: true,
		search_contains: true };

	function wrapNativeSelect(select) {
		var placeholder = select.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;) || &quot;Lê bigere…&quot;;

		// Hide the native select — we drive it programmatically.
		select.hide();

		var wrapper = $(&quot;&lt;span class='wiktku-native-select-wrap'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;);

		var textInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='search' autocomplete='off'&gt;&quot;)
			.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, placeholder)
			.addClass(&quot;wiktku-start-narrow wiktku-ac-input&quot;);

		var resultsList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-ac-results'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;).hide();

		// Full option cache — rebuilt when chosen:updated fires.
		var allOptions = [];
		function cacheOptions() {
			allOptions = [];
			select.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
				var v = $(this).val();
				if (!v) return; // skip the empty placeholder option
				allOptions.push({
					value:    v,
					text:     $(this).text(),
					disabled: $(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;)
				});
			});
		}
		cacheOptions();

		function showResults(query) {
			var q = query.trim().toLowerCase();
			resultsList.empty();
			var matched;
			if (q) {
				matched = [];
				$.each(allOptions, function (_, o) {
					if (o.disabled) return;
					var codeMatch = o.value.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) !== -1;
					var nameMatch = o.text.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) !== -1;
					if (codeMatch || nameMatch) {
						matched.push({ opt: o, codeMatch: codeMatch });
					}
				});
				// Code matches (especially prefix matches) come first.
				matched.sort(function (a, b) {
					var aCode = a.opt.value.toLowerCase();
					var bCode = b.opt.value.toLowerCase();
					var aPrefix = aCode.indexOf(q) === 0;
					var bPrefix = bCode.indexOf(q) === 0;
					if (aPrefix !== bPrefix) return aPrefix ? -1 : 1;
					if (a.codeMatch !== b.codeMatch) return a.codeMatch ? -1 : 1;
					return 0;
				});
				matched = matched.map(function (item) { return item.opt; });
			} else {
				matched = allOptions.filter(function (o) { return !o.disabled; });
			}

			if (!matched.length) {
				resultsList.hide();
				return;
			}
			$.each(matched.slice(0, 50), function (_, opt) {
				var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).text(opt.text).attr(&quot;data-value&quot;, opt.value);

				// touchend (not touchstart) so a scroll doesn't trigger a select.
				var touchMoved = false;
				li.on(&quot;touchstart&quot;, function () {
					touchMoved = false;
				});
				li.on(&quot;touchmove&quot;, function () {
					touchMoved = true;
				});
				li.on(&quot;touchend&quot;, function (e) {
					if (touchMoved) return; // was a scroll, not a tap
					e.preventDefault();
					selectOption(opt.value, opt.text);
				});
				// Keep mousedown for desktop fallback.
				li.on(&quot;mousedown&quot;, function (e) {
					e.preventDefault();
					selectOption(opt.value, opt.text);
				});

				resultsList.append(li);
			});

			// Position the list above or below depending on available viewport space.
			var inputRect = textInput[0].getBoundingClientRect();
			var viewportH  = window.innerHeight;
			var spaceBelow = viewportH - inputRect.bottom - 8;
			var spaceAbove = inputRect.top - 8;
			var maxH       = Math.min(224, Math.max(spaceBelow, spaceAbove)); // 224px ≈ 14em

			resultsList.css({
				&quot;max-height&quot;: maxH + &quot;px&quot;,
				&quot;top&quot;:    spaceBelow &gt;= spaceAbove ? &quot;100%&quot; : &quot;auto&quot;,
				&quot;bottom&quot;: spaceBelow &gt;= spaceAbove ? &quot;auto&quot; : &quot;100%&quot;
			});

			resultsList.show();
		}

		function selectOption(value, text) {
			textInput.val(text);
			select.val(value);
			resultsList.hide();
			select.trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
		}

		textInput.on(&quot;input focus&quot;, function () {
			showResults($(this).val());
		});

		textInput.on(&quot;blur&quot;, function () {
			// Short delay so a touchstart on a result item fires first.
			setTimeout(function () { resultsList.hide(); }, 200);
		});

		// chosen:updated → re-cache (called after ziman.json loads).
		select.on(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;, function () {
			cacheOptions();
			// If a value is already selected, keep the display text in sync.
			var cur = select.val();
			if (cur) {
				var match = $.grep(allOptions, function (o) { return o.value === cur; })[0];
				if (match) textInput.val(match.text);
			}
		});

		// No-op .chosen() so desktop call-sites don't need guarding.
		select.chosen = function () { return select; };

		wrapper.append(textInput).append(resultsList).append(select);
		return wrapper;
	}
	var langsByCode = {};

	// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] at runtime.
	var metadata = {};

	// Zaravayên kurdî yên ku di beşa &quot;Bi zaravayên din&quot; de tên pêşkêşkirin —
	// ev kod ji beşa Werger têne derxistin daku heman zimên du caran neyê xwendin.
	var ZARAVA_LANG_CODES = [&quot;ckb&quot;, &quot;sdh&quot;, &quot;lki&quot;, &quot;hac&quot;, &quot;zza&quot;];

	function getZaravaKeys(choices) {
		var byCode = {};
		$.each(choices || [], function (_, c) { byCode[c[0]] = c; });
		var result = [];
		$.each(ZARAVA_LANG_CODES, function (_, code) {
			if (byCode[code]) result.push(byCode[code]);
		});
		return result;
	}

	function needsTransliteration(langCode) {
		var meta = metadata[langCode];
		if (!meta || !meta.sc) return false;
		var scripts = Array.isArray(meta.sc) ? meta.sc : [meta.sc];
		return scripts.length &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; scripts[0] !== &quot;Latn&quot;;
	}

	// Kodên cinsiyetê yên di metadata.g de — ji data.json tê dagirtin
	var GENDER_BASE_LABELS = {};

	// Sub-lists that only make sense for a plain (non-şablon) sense — hidden
	// when a şablon (e.g. {{guharto|…}}) is chosen for that sense, since a
	// template-based sense has no &quot;own&quot; gloss for alternate forms, synonyms,
	// antonyms, coordinate terms, hypernyms or hyponyms to attach to. Etîket,
	// Nimûne and Jêgirtin stay visible either way.
	var HIDDEN_ON_TPL_GROUPS = [
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;,
		&quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;
	];

	function genderLabel(code) {
		if (code === &quot;p&quot;) return &quot;Pirjimar&quot;;
		var pluralMatch = code.match(/^(.+)-p$/);
		if (pluralMatch &amp;&amp; GENDER_BASE_LABELS[pluralMatch[1]]) {
			return GENDER_BASE_LABELS[pluralMatch[1]] + &quot; (pirjimar)&quot;;
		}
		return GENDER_BASE_LABELS[code] || code;
	}

	// True if a sense has content beyond mane worth keeping (etîket, word
	// lists, nimûne, jêder) — so it's still emitted with {{mane?}} if empty.
	function senseHasExtraContent(s) {
		if (s.etiket &amp;&amp; $.grep(s.etiket, function (e) { return $.trim(e) !== &quot;&quot;; }).length) return true;
		if (s.kategori &amp;&amp; $.grep(s.kategori, function (k) { return $.trim(k) !== &quot;&quot;; }).length) return true;
		if (s.alternativ.length || s.hevmane.length || s.dijmane.length ||
			s.koordine.length || s.jornav.length || s.jernav.length) return true;
		if (s.nimune &amp;&amp; $.grep(s.nimune, function (n) {
			return (typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? n.text : n) !== &quot;&quot;;
		}).length &gt; 0) return true;
		if (senseHasJeder(s)) return true;
		return false;
	}

	// Each nimûne item can be { text, tr, t }: text, transliteration, translation.
	function formatNimune(nimunes, lang, hasJeder) {
		var hasNimune = nimunes &amp;&amp; $.grep(nimunes, function (n) {
			return (typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? n.text : n) !== &quot;&quot;;
		}).length &gt; 0;

		if (!hasNimune) {
			return hasJeder ? &quot;&quot; : &quot;\n#* {{bênimûne|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}&quot;;
		}

		return $.map(nimunes, function (n) {
			var text = typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? n.text : n;
			if (!text) return undefined;
			var bolded = text.replace(
				new RegExp(&quot;(&quot; + pageNameRe + &quot;([^( |,|;|\\?|\\.|\\!)]+)?)&quot;, &quot;ig&quot;),
				&quot;'''$1'''&quot;);
			var tpl = &quot;\n#: {{nm|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + bolded;
			if (typeof n === &quot;object&quot;) {
				if (n.tr) tpl += &quot;|tr=&quot; + n.tr;
				// Translation as third positional param (no key needed).
				if (n.t)  tpl += &quot;|&quot;   + n.t;
			}
			// Short examples fit on one line together with their translation.
			// rêz=1 is not used for ku — definitions are shown on separate lines there.
			if (text.length &lt; 200 &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) tpl += &quot;|rêz=1&quot;;
			tpl += &quot;}}&quot;;
			return tpl;
		}).join(&quot;&quot;);
	}

	// Formats jêder (citation) entries into &quot;#* {{jêder…|…}}&quot; lines; skips
	// entries with no quote text. Falls back to the generic {{jêder}}
	// template when no specific template was chosen.
	function formatJeder(jederList, lang) {
		if (!jederList || !jederList.length) return &quot;&quot;;
		return $.map(jederList, function (jeder) {
			if (!jeder || !jeder.quote) return undefined;

			if (jeder.jederTpl) {
				var cite = &quot;\n#* {{&quot; + jeder.jederTpl + &quot;|&quot; + lang;
				cite += &quot;|jêgirtin=&quot; + jeder.quote;
				if (jeder.quoteTr) cite += &quot;|tr=&quot;      + jeder.quoteTr;
				if (jeder.quoteT)  cite += &quot;|tercime=&quot; + jeder.quoteT;
				$.each(jeder.jêderFields || {}, function (key, val) {
					if (val) cite += &quot;|&quot; + key + &quot;=&quot; + val;
				});
				cite += &quot;}}&quot;;
				return cite;
			}

			var out = &quot;\n#* {{jêder|&quot; + lang + &quot;|jêgirtin=&quot; + jeder.quote;
			if (jeder.quoteTr) out += &quot;|tr=&quot;      + jeder.quoteTr;
			if (jeder.quoteT)  out += &quot;|tercime=&quot; + jeder.quoteT;
			// A şablon picked from Kategorî:Çavkanî is transcluded as the
			// source param (e.g. |{{Kovara X}}); manual text is used as-is.
			var srcParam = jeder.jederCatTpl ? (&quot;{{&quot; + jeder.jederCatTpl + &quot;}}&quot;) :
				(jeder.jederManual ? jeder.jederManual : &quot;çavkanî?&quot;);
			// A positional param containing &quot;=&quot; gets parsed as its own key=value
			// pair by MediaWiki and breaks the template, so force it to be
			// explicitly named (|2=) whenever that's the case.
			out += (srcParam.indexOf(&quot;=&quot;) !== -1 ? &quot;|2=&quot; : &quot;|&quot;) + srcParam;
			out += &quot;}}&quot;;
			return out;
		}).join(&quot;&quot;);
	}

	// True if a sense has at least one jêder entry with quote text.
	function senseHasJeder(sense) {
		return !!(sense.jeder &amp;&amp; $.grep(sense.jeder, function (j) {
			return j &amp;&amp; j.quote;
		}).length &gt; 0);
	}

	// Builds &quot;{{tplName|lang|part1|part2|…}}&quot; from a sense field (kategori,
	// etiket), wrapped inline (&quot; {{…}} &quot;) or on its own line (&quot;\n#: {{…}}&quot;).
	function buildSenseTpl(sense, field, lang, tplName) {
		if (!sense[field] || !sense[field].length) return &quot;&quot;;
		var parts = sense[field].map(function (p) { return $.trim(p); })
			.filter(function (p) { return p !== &quot;&quot;; });
		if (!parts.length) return &quot;&quot;;
		var call = &quot;{{&quot; + tplName + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + parts.join(&quot;|&quot;) + &quot;}}&quot;;
		return call
	}

	/**
	 * Assembles the nimûne + jêder wikitext block for a sense. Shared by
	 * both the template-sense and normal-mane-sense branches below.
	 */
	function buildCite(sense, lang) {
		return formatNimune(sense.nimune, lang, senseHasJeder(sense)) +
			formatJeder(sense.jeder, lang);
	}

	function makeWordListStep(id, name, question_fmt, header, templateName) {
		return {
			id: id,
			name: name,
			question_fmt: question_fmt,
			multiple: true,
			narrow: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos;
			},
			output: function (values) {
				var words = $.grep(values[id] || [], function (w) { return !!w; });
				if (!words.length) return &quot;&quot;;

				var lang = values.lang;
				var section = &quot;\n==== &quot; + header + &quot; ====\n&quot;;

				if (words.length === 1) {
					// Single word — keep the simple inline template.
					return section +
						&quot;* {{&quot; + templateName + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; +
						words[0] + &quot;}}\n&quot;;
				}

				// Multiple words — use {{kol3}} with one positional param per word.
				var params = &quot;cure=&quot; + header + &quot;\n&quot; +
					$.map(words, function (w) {
						return &quot;|&quot; + w;
					}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);
				return section +
					&quot;{{kol3|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + params + &quot;\n}}\n&quot;;
			} };
	}

	var steps = {
		lang: {
			id: &quot;lang&quot;,
			required: true,
			name: &quot;ziman&quot;,
			question_fmt: '&quot;' + pageName + '&quot; bi çi zimanî ye?',
			question_br: true,
			// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] (langChoices).
			choices: [],
			output: function (values) {
				return &quot;== {{ziman|&quot; + values.lang + &quot;}} ==\n&quot;;
			} },
		pron: {
			id: &quot;pron&quot;,
			name: &quot;bilêvkirin&quot;,
			question_fmt: '&quot;' + pageName + '&quot; çawa tê telafûzkirin?',
			// pronTpls populated from data.json
			pronTpls: [],
			visible: function (values) {
				if (!values.lang) return false;
				// addLangMode: skip pron only if this lang already has a section.
				if (addLangMode) {
					// Clearing the page makes existing content irrelevant.
					var clearPageCheck = $(&quot;#wiktku-clear-page-check&quot;);
					if (clearPageCheck.length &amp;&amp; clearPageCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
						return true;
					}
					var existing = $(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;).val() || &quot;&quot;;
					return !findLangHeader(existing, values.lang);
				}
				return true;
			},
			// Fills the insert-dropdown from pronTpls, filtered by language.
			refreshTplSelect: function () {
				var sel = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-tpl-insert-select&quot;);
				if (!sel.length) return;
				var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
				sel.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).remove();
				$.each(steps.pron.pronTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					// Filter: if tpl.langs exists, only show if lang is in that list; otherwise show always
					var allowed = !tpl.langs || tpl.langs.indexOf(lang) !== -1;
					if (allowed) {
						sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;)
							.val(tpl.snippet)
							.text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc)
							.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;, tpl.noLang ? &quot;1&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					}
				});
				// Notify Chosen that the option list has changed (no-op on mobile).
				if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-pron-wrap&quot;).length) return null;

				var wrap = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-pron-wrap'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

				var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-pron-&quot; + $.now())
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-pron-text&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûne: {{IPA|ku|/pɛɪ̯n/}} yan {{kîte|ku|he|ce|ki|rin}}&quot;);

				// Template insert dropdown — filtered by language.
				var sel = $(&quot;&lt;select class='wiktku-tpl-insert-select'&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;);
				sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— şablonek lê zêde bike —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
				$.each(steps.pron.pronTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					// Filter: if tpl.langs exists, only show if lang is in that list; otherwise show always
					var allowed = !tpl.langs || tpl.langs.indexOf(lang) !== -1;
					if (allowed) {
						sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;)
							.val(tpl.snippet)
							.text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc)
							.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;, tpl.noLang ? &quot;1&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					}
				});

				sel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var snippet = $(this).val();
					if (!snippet) return;
					var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
					// Check if the selected option has noLang flag
					var selectedOption = sel.find(&quot;option:selected&quot;);
					var hasNoLang = selectedOption.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;) === &quot;1&quot;;
					if (!hasNoLang) {
						snippet = snippet.replace(/CODE/g, lang).replace(/SOURCELANG/g, &quot;?&quot;);
					}
					insertAtCursor(ta[0], snippet);
					$(this).val(&quot;&quot;);
					ta.focus();
				});

				wrap.append(sel).append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)).append(ta);
				stepDiv.append(wrap);
				return ta;
			},
			output: function () {
				var text = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-pron-text&quot;).val());
				if (!text) return &quot;&quot;;
				var lines = text.split(&quot;\n&quot;);
				var out = $.map(lines, function (line) {
					line = $.trim(line);
					if (!line) return undefined;
					return line.charAt(0) === &quot;*&quot; ? line : &quot;* &quot; + line;
				}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);
				return &quot;\n=== Bilêvkirin ===\n&quot; + out + &quot;\n&quot;;
			} },
		pos: {
			id: &quot;pos&quot;,
			required: true,
			name: &quot;Cureyê rêzimanî&quot;,
			question_fmt: 'Cureyê rêzimanî yê &quot;' + pageName + '&quot; çi ye?',
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang;
			},
			question_br: true,
			// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] (posChoices).
			choices: [],

			output: function (values) {
				var pos    = values.pos  || &quot;&quot;;
				var cinsiyet = values.cinsiyet  || &quot;&quot;;  // from the cinsiyet step
				var lekTur = values.lektur  || &quot;&quot;;  // from the lêker transitivity step

				var capitalizedPos = capitalize(pos);
				var outputString = &quot;\n=== &quot; + capitalizedPos + &quot; ===\n&quot;;

				// Add ku-tewîn-nav for single-word navdêr/serenav with known gender.
				if (!pageName.includes(&quot; &quot;) &amp;&amp; cinsiyet &amp;&amp; GENDER_BASE_LABELS[cinsiyet] &amp;&amp;
					(pos === &quot;navdêr&quot; || pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) &amp;&amp; values.lang === &quot;ku&quot;) {
					outputString += &quot;{{ku-tewîn-nav|&quot; + pageName + &quot;|&quot; + GENDER_BASE_LABELS[cinsiyet];
					if (pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) outputString += &quot;|y&quot;;
					outputString += &quot;}}\n&quot;;
				}

				outputString += &quot;{{&quot; + pos + &quot;|&quot; + values.lang;

				if (pos === &quot;navdêr&quot; || pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) {
					if (cinsiyet) {
						outputString += &quot;|c=&quot; + cinsiyet;
					} else if (values.lang === &quot;ku&quot;) {
						// Unknown gender — prompt editor to fill it in.
						outputString += &quot;|c=?&quot;;
					}
				} else if (/^lêker/.test(pos) &amp;&amp; lekTur) {
					outputString += &quot;|c=&quot; + lekTur;
				}

				if (values.tr) {
					outputString += &quot;|tr=&quot; + values.tr;
				}

				outputString += &quot;}}\n&quot;;
				return outputString;
			}

		},

		// cinsiyet (gender) — shown for navdêr/serenav only, with choices built
		// from metadata[lang].g since not every language has grammatical gender.
		cinsiyet: {
			id: &quot;cinsiyet&quot;,
			name: &quot;cinsiyet&quot;,
			question_fmt: 'Cinsiyeta &quot;' + pageName + '&quot; çi ye?',
			question_br: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				var meta = metadata[values.lang];
				return !!(values.lang &amp;&amp; (values.pos === &quot;navdêr&quot; || values.pos === &quot;serenav&quot;) &amp;&amp;
					meta &amp;&amp; meta.g &amp;&amp; meta.g.length);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv, values) {
				var select = stepDiv.find(&quot;select.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
				if (!select.length) {
					select = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
						&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-field&quot;,
						id: &quot;wiktku-start-cinsiyet-field&quot; }));
					stepDiv.append(select);
				}


				if (!values) return select;

				var meta = metadata[values.lang];
				var codes = (meta &amp;&amp; meta.g) || [];
				var prevVal = select.val();

				var choices = $.map(codes, function (code) {
					return [[code, genderLabel(code)]];
				});
				populateMenus(select, choices);
				if ($.grep(choices, function (c) { return c[0] === prevVal; }).length) {
					select.val(prevVal);
				}
				if (!isMobile) select.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

				return select;
			},
			output: function () { return &quot;&quot;; }  // consumed by pos.output
		},

		// Lêker transitivity — shown for any lêker variant.
		lektur: {
			id: &quot;lektur&quot;,
			name: &quot;Cureyê lêkerê (fiîlê)&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Cureyê lêkerê (fiîlê) çi ye?&quot;,
			question_br: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos &amp;&amp; /^lêker/.test(values.pos);
			},
			// Dictionary: value → display label.  Add new types here.
			choices: [
				[&quot;gh&quot;,  &quot;gerguhêz&quot;],
				['x-gh', 'xwerû-gerguhêz'],
				['p-gh', 'pêkhatî-gerguhêz'],
				['h-gh', 'hevedudanî-gerguhêz'],
				['b-gh', 'biwêjî-gerguhêz'],
				[&quot;ngh&quot;, &quot;negerguhêz&quot;],
				['x-ngh', 'xwerû-negerguhêz'],
				['p-ngh', 'pêkhatî-negerguhêz'],
				['h-ngh', 'hevedudanî-negerguhêz'],
				['b-ngh', 'biwêjî-negerguhêz'] ],
			output: function () { return &quot;&quot;; }  // consumed by pos.output
		},
		tr: {
			id: &quot;tr&quot;,
			name: &quot;transkrîpsiyon&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Transkrîpsiyona kelîmeyê&quot;,
			multiple: false,
			narrow: true,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos &amp;&amp; needsTransliteration(values.lang);
			} },
		dfn: {
			id: &quot;dfn&quot;,
//			required: true, ger mane tinebe [[Şablon:mane?]] bi kar bîne
			name: &quot;Mane&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Maneya kelîmeyê binivîse. Mane otomatîk tê lînkkirin! Ji bo tercimeyan beşa 'Werger' bi kar bîne!&quot;,
			multiple: true,
			ordered: true,
			rows: 3,
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos;
			},
			example: function (values) {
				// posExamples loaded from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]].
				var examples = steps.dfn.posExamples || {};
				var full = values.pos || &quot;&quot;;
				return examples[full] || &quot;&quot;;
			},

			// Builds one sense block (&lt;li&gt;): mane textarea, nimûne list, and
			// sub-lists for alternatîv/hevmane/dijmane/etc.
			buildSenseBlock: function (stepDiv) {
				var block = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dfn-sense'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);

				// — Mane textarea (declared first so the template handler can reference it) —
				var dfnArea = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-mane-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 6)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Mane…&quot;);
				dfnArea.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					steps.dfn.onDfnInput(stepDiv, block, this);
				});

				// — Template selector (optional — replaces mane when chosen) —
				// Template definitions loaded from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]].
				var tplDefs = steps.dfn.tplDefs || [];
				// Cache of all non-placeholder option elements — used by updateTplOptions
				// to remove/re-add options (the only approach compatible with Chosen.js).
				var _allTplOptions = [];

				var tplSelect = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, { &quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot; }));
				tplSelect.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— yan jî şablonek hilbijêre —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				$.each(tplDefs, function (_, tpl) {
					var opt = $(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;)
						.val(tpl.name)
						.text(tpl.name)
						.attr(&quot;data-langs&quot;, tpl.langs ? tpl.langs.join(&quot;,&quot;) : &quot;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;, tpl.noLang ? &quot;1&quot; : &quot;&quot;);
					tplSelect.append(opt);
					_allTplOptions.push(opt[0]);
				});

				function updateTplOptions() {
					var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
					var currentVal = tplSelect.val();
					var currentStillValid = false;

					// Detach all non-placeholder options, then re-attach only the visible ones.
					// This is the only approach that works correctly with both native &lt;select&gt;
					// and Chosen.js on desktop.
					tplSelect.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).detach();

					$.each(_allTplOptions, function (_, opt) {
						var allowed = $(opt).attr(&quot;data-langs&quot;);
						var visible = !allowed || allowed.split(&quot;,&quot;).indexOf(lang) !== -1;
						if (visible) {
							tplSelect.append(opt);
							if ($(opt).val() === currentVal) currentStillValid = true;
						}
					});

					if (!isMobile) tplSelect.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

					if (currentVal &amp;&amp; !currentStillValid) {
						tplSelect.val(&quot;&quot;);
						dfnArea.show();
						tplTitleInput.hide().val(&quot;&quot;);
					}
				}

				// Store updater on the element so refresh() can call it for all blocks.
				tplSelect.data(&quot;updateOptions&quot;, updateTplOptions);

				var tplTitleInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='text'&gt;&quot;)
					.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-tpl-title wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Navê rûpelê…&quot;)
					.hide();

				// Grow the sense list when the title field of the last block gets content,
				// mirroring what onDfnInput does for the plain mane textarea.
				tplTitleInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					steps.dfn.onDfnInput(stepDiv, block, this);
				});

				// Şablon senses have no plain gloss, so hide alternatîv/hevmane/
				// dijmane/etc. Etîket, Nimûne and Jêgirtin stay visible either way.
				function updateFieldVisibility() {
					var isTpl = !!tplSelect.val();
					$.each(HIDDEN_ON_TPL_GROUPS, function (_, cls) {
						block.find(&quot;.&quot; + cls + &quot;-group&quot;).toggle(!isTpl);
					});
				}
				// Store on the block so restoreDfn() can re-sync visibility
				// after programmatically setting tplSelect's value.
				block.data(&quot;updateFieldVisibility&quot;, updateFieldVisibility);

				tplSelect.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var chosen = $(this).val();
					if (chosen) {
						dfnArea.hide();
						tplTitleInput.show().focus();
					} else {
						dfnArea.show();
						tplTitleInput.hide().val(&quot;&quot;);
					}
					updateFieldVisibility();
					// Re-run refresh so the Werger step visibility updates.
					refresh();
				});

				var tplRow = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-tpl-row&quot;)
					.append(tplSelect).append(&quot; &quot;).append(tplTitleInput);
				block.append(tplRow);
				block.append(dfnArea);

				// Apply lang filter on initial build.
				updateTplOptions();

				// — Sub-field groups —
				// All groups are always visible with a placeholder textarea.
				// Nimûne is last in the DOM and last in the output.
				var allGroups = [
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-etiket&quot;,    label: &quot;Etîket&quot;,           rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;xisûsen, Mêrdîn, anatomî,  Badînî&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-kategori&quot;,  label: &quot;Kategorî&quot;,         rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;wekî etîket lê xuya nabe tenê kategorîze dike&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;,   label: &quot;Formên alternatîv&quot;,          rows: 1, narrow: true,  izah: &quot;Varyantên vê kelîmeyê&quot; },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;,   label: &quot;Hevmane&quot;,          rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Spehî hevmaneya Bedew e.&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;,   label: &quot;Dijmane&quot;,          rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Zengîn dijmaneya feqîr e.&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;,  label: &quot;Termên koordîne&quot;,  rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Pisîk û kûçik termên koordîne ne çunkî Jornavên wan gelek in&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;,    label: &quot;Jornav&quot;,           rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Heywan jornavê guhandar e&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;,    label: &quot;Jêrnav&quot;,           rows: 1, narrow: true, izah: &quot;Guhandar jêrnavê heywan e&quot;  },
					{ cls: &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune&quot;,    label: &quot;Nimûne&quot;,           rows: 2, narrow: false }
				];

				$.each(allGroups, function (_, g) {
					var groupDiv = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-subgroup &quot; + g.cls + &quot;-group&quot;);

						function buildNimuneLi() {
							var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
							var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-li&quot;);

							var mainTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
								.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-text-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
								.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, g.rows)
								.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-text&quot;)
								.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûneya emilandina kelîmeyê tu bi xwe binivîse…&quot;);

							mainTa.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
								var val = $.trim($(this).val());
								var isLast = li.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
								if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
									list.append(buildNimuneLi());
								}
							});

							li.append(mainTa);

							var subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);

							if (needsTransliteration(lang)) {
								subWrap.append(
									$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
										.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
										.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyona bi alfabeya latînî&quot;)
								);
							}

							if (lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) {
								subWrap.append(
									$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
										.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
										.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya kurmancî&quot;)
								);
							}

							if (subWrap.children().length) li.append(subWrap);

							return li;
						}

					if (g.cls === &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune&quot;) {
						// Nimûne — compound widget with tr/t sub-fields.
						var lbl = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublabel&quot;).text(g.label + &quot;: &quot;);
						var list = $(&quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublist &quot; + g.cls + &quot;-list&quot;);

						groupDiv.data(&quot;buildNimuneLi&quot;, buildNimuneLi);

						list.append(buildNimuneLi());
						groupDiv.append(lbl).append(list);
						block.append(groupDiv);

					} else {
						// Regular always-visible group — label + growing textarea list.
						var lbl = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublabel&quot;).text(g.label + &quot;: &quot; + g.izah);
						var list = $(&quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublist &quot; + g.cls + &quot;-list&quot;);
						var firstInput = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;name&quot;, g.cls + &quot;-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
							.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, g.rows)
							.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield&quot; + (g.narrow ? &quot; wiktku-start-narrow&quot; : &quot;&quot;))
							.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, g.label + &quot;…&quot;);
						firstInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
							steps.dfn.onSubInput(list, this, g.rows, g.narrow);
						});
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstInput));
						groupDiv.append(lbl).append(list);
						block.append(groupDiv);
					}
				});

				// — Jêder (citation) group — growing list, same structure as Nimûne. —
				(function () {
					var jederGroupDiv = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-subgroup wiktku-dfn-jeder-group&quot;);
					var jederLbl = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublabel&quot;).text(&quot;Jêgirtin: &quot;);
					var jederList = $(&quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-sublist wiktku-dfn-jeder-list&quot;);

					function buildJederLi() {
						var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
						var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-jeder-li&quot;);
						var dragHandle = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
							.addClass(&quot;wiktku-jeder-drag-handle&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;title&quot;, &quot;Bişkûne û bikişîne da ku rêzê biguhezîne&quot;);

						// Quote text textarea
						var quoteTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
							.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
							.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûneya emilandinê ji kitêb an çavkaniyeke din binivîse&quot;);

						quoteTa.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
							var val = $.trim($(this).val());
							var isLast = li.is(jederList.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
							if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
								jederList.append(buildJederLi());
							}
						});

						li.append(dragHandle).append(quoteTa);

						// tr/t sub-fields for the quote — shown as needed for the language.
						var quoteSubWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);

						if (needsTransliteration(lang)) {
							quoteSubWrap.append(
								$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
									.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
									.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyona jêgirtinê…&quot;)
							);
						}

						if (lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) {
							quoteSubWrap.append(
								$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
									.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
									.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya jêgirtinê bi kurmancî&quot;)
							);
						}

						if (quoteSubWrap.children().length) li.append(quoteSubWrap);

						// Citoid auto-fill: fetch citation data from a URL, DOI or ISBN and
						// prefill the source şablon + fields below (see Gadget-citoid-helper.js).
						var citoidWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid&quot;);
						var citoidInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='text'&gt;&quot;)
							.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid-input wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;URL, DOI an ISBN binivîse ku otomatîk were tijekirin…&quot;);
						var citoidBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
							label: &quot;Bi Citoid bîne&quot;,
							classes: [ &quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid-btn&quot; ]
						});
						var citoidStatus = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-citoid-status&quot;);

						// Fetches citation data from Citoid and fills this citation's
						// şablon + fields — only rebuilds fields on template change,
						// and never overwrites values the user already typed.
						function runCitoidFetch() {
							var query = $.trim(citoidInput.val());
							if (!query) {
								mw.notify(&quot;Ji kerema xwe re pêşî URL, DOI an ISBNyekê binivîse.&quot;);
								return;
							}

							citoidBtn.setDisabled(true);
							citoidStatus.text(&quot;Tê anîn…&quot;);

							wikt.citoidHelper.ensure().then(function () {
								return wikt.citoid.fetchJederFields(query);
							}).then(function (result) {
								var jederKey = result.jederKey;
								var hasTpl = !!jederKey &amp;&amp; srcSel.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + jederKey + &quot;']&quot;).length &gt; 0;
								var targetVal = hasTpl ? jederKey : &quot;__manual__&quot;;

								// Only rebuild if switching şablon, so a repeat fetch
								// doesn't clear fields already filled in by hand.
								if (srcSel.val() !== targetVal) {
									srcSel.val(targetVal).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
									srcSel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
								}

								if (hasTpl) {
									// Tenê qadên vala tijî bike.
									$.each(result.fields, function (key, val) {
										var input = srcFields.find(&quot;[data-field-key='&quot; + key + &quot;']&quot;);
										if (input.length &amp;&amp; !$.trim(input.val())) {
											input.val(val);
										}
									});
								} else {
									// Şablonek nehat naskirin ji bo vê itemType — rêzikeke
									// çavkaniyê ya bi destan a ji qadên Citoid tê çêkirin,
									// lê tenê ger qada destan vala be.
									var manualField = srcFields.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;);
									if (!$.trim(manualField.val())) {
										var parts = [];
										$.each([&quot;nivîskar&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;, &quot;websîte&quot;, &quot;kovar&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;, &quot;url&quot;], function (_, k) {
											if (result.fields[k]) parts.push(result.fields[k]);
										});
										manualField.val(parts.join(&quot;, &quot;));
									}
								}
								citoidStatus.text(&quot;&quot;);
							}, function (errorMsg) {
								citoidStatus.text(typeof errorMsg === &quot;string&quot; ? errorMsg : &quot;Nehat dîtin. Kontrol bike ka URL/DOI/ISBN rast e.&quot;);
							}).always(function () {
							citoidBtn.setDisabled(false);
							});
						}

						citoidBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, runCitoidFetch);
						citoidInput.on(&quot;keydown&quot;, function (e) {
							if (e.which === 13) { // Enter
								e.preventDefault();
								runCitoidFetch();
							}
						});

						citoidWrap.append(citoidInput).append(citoidBtn.$element).append(citoidStatus);

						// Source template selector, specific to this citation.
						var srcSel = $(&quot;&lt;select&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— Çavkaniyê hilbijêre —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
						srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(&quot;__manual__&quot;).text(&quot;Bi destê xwe binivîsim&quot;));
						srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(&quot;__category__&quot;).text(&quot;Ji Kategorî:Çavkanî şablonekê hilbijêre&quot;));
						var jederDefs = steps.dfn.jederDefs || {};
						$.each(jederDefs, function (tplName, def) {
							srcSel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(tplName).text(def.label));
						});

						// Dynamic source fields container.
						var srcFields = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-fields&quot;);

						srcSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
							srcFields.empty();
							var chosen = $(this).val();
							if (!chosen) return;

							if (chosen === &quot;__manual__&quot;) {
								// Freeform source, written by the user — becomes the 2nd
								// positional param of {{jêder|lang|…}} instead of çavkanî?.
								srcFields.append(
									$(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
										.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;)
										.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Çavkaniyê bi destê xwe binivîse…&quot;)
								);
								return;
							}

							if (chosen === &quot;__category__&quot;) {
								// Search widget over the members of [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]].
								// Picking a şablon here immediately switches the row to
								// &quot;Bi destê xwe binivîsim&quot; mode with {{Şablon}} pre-filled,
								// so the saved value is always exactly what's in that
								// (editable) textarea — no separate hidden field that can
								// end up empty and silently fall back to &quot;çavkanî?&quot;.
								var catWrap = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-native-select-wrap wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat&quot;);
								var catInput = $(&quot;&lt;input type='search' autocomplete='off'&gt;&quot;)
									.addClass(&quot;wiktku-start-narrow wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat-input&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Navê şablonê lê bigere…&quot;);
								var catResults = $(&quot;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-ac-results wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat-results&quot;).hide();
								var catStatus = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-cat-status&quot;).text(&quot;Şablon tên barkirin…&quot;);

								function showCatResults(query) {
									var q = $.trim(query).toLowerCase();
									catResults.empty();
									var list = catSrcTemplates || [];
									var matched = q ?
										$.grep(list, function (name) { return name.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) !== -1; }) :
										list;
									if (!matched.length) {
										catResults.hide();
										return;
									}
									$.each(matched.slice(0, 50), function (_, name) {
										var li = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).text(name).attr(&quot;data-value&quot;, name);
										var touchMoved = false;
										li.on(&quot;touchstart&quot;, function () { touchMoved = false; });
										li.on(&quot;touchmove&quot;, function () { touchMoved = true; });
										li.on(&quot;touchend&quot;, function (e) {
											if (touchMoved) return;
											e.preventDefault();
											selectCatTpl(name);
										});
										li.on(&quot;mousedown&quot;, function (e) {
											e.preventDefault();
											selectCatTpl(name);
										});
										catResults.append(li);
									});
									catResults.show();
								}

								// Wraps the chosen şablon as {{Name}}, drops it into the
								// manual textarea, and switches the row into manual mode
								// so the user can keep editing it (add params, etc.).
								function selectCatTpl(name) {
									catResults.hide();
									srcSel.val(&quot;__manual__&quot;);
									srcSel.trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
									srcFields.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;)
										.val(&quot;{{&quot; + name + &quot;}}&quot;)
										.trigger(&quot;focus&quot;);
								}

								catInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
									showCatResults($(this).val());
								});
								catInput.on(&quot;focus&quot;, function () {
									showCatResults($(this).val());
								});
								catInput.on(&quot;blur&quot;, function () {
									setTimeout(function () { catResults.hide(); }, 200);
								});

								catWrap.append(catInput).append(catResults).append(catStatus);
								srcFields.append(catWrap);

								fetchCatSrcTemplates().then(function () {
									catStatus.text(&quot;&quot;);
								}, function () {
									catStatus.text(&quot;Şablon nehatin barkirin.&quot;);
								});
								return;
							}

							var def = (steps.dfn.jederDefs || {})[chosen];
							if (!def) return;
							$.each(def.fields, function (_, f) {
								var row = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-row&quot;);
								var fieldLbl = $(&quot;&lt;label&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;).text(f.label + &quot;: &quot;);
								var inp = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
									.addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-src-input wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
									.attr(&quot;data-field-key&quot;, f.key)
									.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, f.label + &quot;…&quot;);
								row.append(fieldLbl).append(inp);
								srcFields.append(row);
							});
						});

						li.append(citoidWrap).append(srcSel).append(srcFields);

						return li;
					}

					jederGroupDiv.data(&quot;buildJederLi&quot;, buildJederLi);

					jederList.append(buildJederLi());
					// Make citation rows sortable (drag to reorder).
					// The last row is always the empty trailing row — cancel its drag.
					mw.loader.using(&quot;jquery.ui.sortable&quot;, function () {
						jederList.sortable({
							handle: &quot;.wiktku-jeder-drag-handle&quot;,
							axis: &quot;y&quot;,
							items: &quot;li:not(:last-child)&quot;,
							tolerance: &quot;pointer&quot;
						});
					});
					jederGroupDiv.append(jederLbl).append(jederList);
					block.append(jederGroupDiv);
				}());

				// Apply the initial hide/show state for the sub-groups (matches
				// tplSelect's starting value, which is normally empty).
				updateFieldVisibility();

				return block;
			},

			/** Grows the sense list when the last mane textarea gets content. */
			onDfnInput: function (stepDiv, block, textarea) {
				var val = $.trim($(textarea).val());
				var list = stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;);
				var isLast = block.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
				if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
					var newBlock = steps.dfn.buildSenseBlock(stepDiv);
					list.append(newBlock);
					// Apply Chosen to the new block's template selector on desktop.
					if (!isMobile) newBlock.find(&quot;select.wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				}
				refresh();
			},

			/** Grows a sub-list (nimûne/formên alternatîv/hevmane/dijmane/termên koordîne) on input. */
			onSubInput: function (list, input, rows, narrow) {
				var val = $.trim($(input).val());
				var item = $(input).parent();
				var isLast = item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;));
				if (val &amp;&amp; isLast) {
					var next = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-sub-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, rows)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield&quot; + (narrow ? &quot; wiktku-start-narrow&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					next.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
						steps.dfn.onSubInput(list, this, rows, narrow);
					});
					list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
				}
			},

			// Populated from [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json]] (tplDefs, posExamples, jederDefs).
			tplDefs: [],
			posExamples: {},
			jederDefs: {},

			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;).length) return null;
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ol class='wiktku-dfn-list'&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.dfn.buildSenseBlock(stepDiv));
				stepDiv.append(list);
				return null;
			},

			/** Reads all sense blocks from the DOM and returns an array of sense objects. */
			getSenses: function (stepDiv) {
				var senses = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dfn-sense&quot;).each(function () {
					var block    = $(this);
					var tplSel   = block.find(&quot;select.wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;);
					var tpl      = tplSel.val() || &quot;&quot;;
					// noLang: template already encodes the language — don't add |lang| param.
					var tplNoLang = tpl
						? tplSel.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + tpl + &quot;']&quot;).attr(&quot;data-nolang&quot;) === &quot;1&quot;
						: false;
					var tplTitle = $.trim(block.find(&quot;input.wiktku-dfn-tpl-title&quot;).val());
					var mane = $.trim(block.find(&quot;textarea.wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;).val());

					function readList(cls) {
						var vals = [];
						block.find(&quot;.&quot; + cls + &quot;-list textarea&quot;).each(function () {
							var v = $.trim($(this).val());
							if (v) vals.push(v);
						});
						return vals;
					}

					// Nimûne items are compound: { text, tr?, t? }
					function readNimuneList() {
						var items = [];
						block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-list li.wiktku-dfn-nimune-li&quot;).each(function () {
							var text = $.trim($(this).find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-text&quot;).val());
							if (!text) return;
							var obj = { text: text };
							var tr = $.trim($(this).find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;).val());
							var t  = $.trim($(this).find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;).val());
							if (tr) obj.tr = tr;
							if (t)  obj.t  = t;
							items.push(obj);
						});
						return items;
					}

					// Jêder is a growing list of citations, one per li — mirrors readNimuneList().
					function readJederList() {
						var items = [];
						block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-jeder-list li.wiktku-dfn-jeder-li&quot;).each(function () {
							var li = $(this);
							var quote = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).val());
							if (!quote) return;
							var obj = { quote: quote };
							var qtr = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;).val());
							var qt  = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;).val());
							if (qtr) obj.quoteTr = qtr;
							if (qt)  obj.quoteT  = qt;
							var tplName = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;).val();
							if (tplName === &quot;__manual__&quot;) {
								var manual = $.trim(li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;).val());
								if (manual) obj.jederManual = manual;
							} else if (tplName === &quot;__category__&quot;) {
								// Reachable only if the user opened the category search but
								// never picked a şablon — picking one switches the row to
								// __manual__ (see selectCatTpl above), so there's nothing
								// meaningful to save here.
							} else if (tplName) {
								obj.jederTpl = tplName;
								var fields = {};
								li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-input&quot;).each(function () {
									var k = $(this).attr(&quot;data-field-key&quot;);
									var v = $.trim($(this).val());
									if (k &amp;&amp; v) fields[k] = v;
								});
								obj.jêderFields = fields;
							}
							items.push(obj);
						});
						return items;
					}

					senses.push({
						tpl:       tpl,
						tplNoLang: tplNoLang,
						tplTitle:  tplTitle,
						mane:      mane,
						etiket:    readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-etiket&quot;),
						kategori:  readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-kategori&quot;),
						nimune:    readNimuneList(),
						jeder:     readJederList(),
						alternativ:  readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;),
						hevmane:   readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;),
						dijmane:   readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;),
						koordine:  readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;),
						jornav:    readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;),
						jernav:    readList(&quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;)
					});
				});
				return senses;
			},

			getOutput: function (values, callback) {
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;);
				var senses = steps.dfn.getSenses(stepDiv);
				var lang = values.lang;

				// A sense counts as &quot;filled&quot; if it has a mane, a chosen template + title,
				// or any other content (etîket/hevmane/nimûne/jêder…) worth keeping.
				var hasMane = senses.some(function (s) {
					return s.mane !== &quot;&quot; || (s.tpl &amp;&amp; s.tplTitle) || senseHasExtraContent(s);
				});

				// True only when at least one sense has a regular mane (needs linkify).
				var hasRegularMane = senses.some(function (s) {
					return !s.tpl &amp;&amp; s.mane !== &quot;&quot;;
				});

				// nimûne/jêder must never pass through linkify, only the mane text.
				// defLines (linkified) and citeLines (kept aside) stay parallel;
				// a {{wiktku-cite-N}} token in defLines marks where to splice back.
				var defLines  = [];   // one entry per kept sense (goes to linkify)
				var citeLines = [];   // parallel — nimûne+jêder for that same sense

				$.each(senses, function (_, sense) {
					// — Template sense (e.g. {{guharto|ku|somepage}}) —
					if (sense.tpl) {
						if (!sense.tplTitle) return; // skip empty template senses

						var tplKatTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;kategori&quot;, lang, &quot;K&quot;);
						var tplLabelTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;etiket&quot;, lang, &quot;e&quot;);

						var tplCall = sense.tplNoLang
							? &quot;{{&quot; + sense.tpl + &quot;|&quot; + sense.tplTitle + &quot;}}&quot;
							: &quot;{{&quot; + sense.tpl + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + sense.tplTitle + &quot;}}&quot;;

						var idx = defLines.length;
						var cite = buildCite(sense, lang);

						defLines.push(&quot;# &quot; + (tplKatTpl ? tplKatTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + (tplLabelTpl ? tplLabelTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + tplCall +
							(cite ? &quot;{{wiktku-cite-&quot; + idx + &quot;}}&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
						citeLines.push(cite);
						return;
					}

					// — Normal mane sense —
					var dfn = sense.mane;
					if (!dfn &amp;&amp; !senseHasExtraContent(sense)) return; // truly empty

					if (dfn) {
						dfn = stripWikilinks(dfn);
						if (dfn[0] !== dfn[0].toUpperCase()) dfn = capitalize(dfn);
						if (!dfn.match(/[.…?!)\]]$/)) dfn += &quot;.&quot;;
					} else {
						dfn = &quot;{{mane?|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}&quot;;
					}

					var katTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;kategori&quot;, lang, &quot;K&quot;);
					var labelTpl = buildSenseTpl(sense, &quot;etiket&quot;, lang, &quot;e&quot;);

					var out = &quot;# &quot; + (katTpl ? katTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + (labelTpl ? labelTpl + &quot; &quot; : &quot;&quot;) + dfn;

					function wordLine(tpl, words) {
						if (!words.length) return &quot;&quot;;
						return &quot;\n#: {{&quot; + tpl + &quot;|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + words.join(&quot;|&quot;) + &quot;}}&quot;;
					}
					out += wordLine(&quot;alt-r&quot;,    sense.alternativ);
					out += wordLine(&quot;hevmane&quot;,  sense.hevmane);
					out += wordLine(&quot;dijmane&quot;,  sense.dijmane);
					out += wordLine(&quot;koordîne&quot;, sense.koordine);
					out += wordLine(&quot;jornav&quot;,   sense.jornav);
					out += wordLine(&quot;jêrnav&quot;,   sense.jernav);

					var cite = buildCite(sense, lang);

					var idx = defLines.length;
					defLines.push(out + (cite ? &quot;{{wiktku-cite-&quot; + idx + &quot;}}&quot; : &quot;&quot;));
					citeLines.push(cite);
				});

				// Splice citeLines back into a linkified string, replacing each
				// {{wiktku-cite-N}} token with its stored nimûne/jêder block.
				function restoreCites(t) {
					return t.replace(/\{\{wiktku-cite-(\d+)\}\}/g, function (_, n) {
						return citeLines[parseInt(n, 10)] || &quot;&quot;;
					});
				}

				var text = defLines.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;

				if (!hasMane) {
					// No definitions entered — emit {{mane?}} with bênimûne.
					text = &quot;# {{mane?|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}\n#* {{bênimûne|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}\n&quot;;
					callback(text);
					return;
				}

				if (!hasRegularMane) {
					// All filled senses are template senses — no linkify needed.
					callback(restoreCites(text));
					return;
				}

				var didTryToLoad = function () {
					if (typeof $.wiktviLinkify === &quot;function&quot;) {
						$.wiktviLinkify(text, function (linked) {
							callback(restoreCites(linked));
						});
					} else {
						callback(restoreCites(text));
					}
				};
				mw.loader.using(&quot;ext.gadget.linkify&quot;, didTryToLoad, didTryToLoad);
			}
		},
		je: makeWordListStep(&quot;je&quot;, &quot;jê&quot;, &quot;Kelîmeyên jê çêbûyî binivîse&quot;, &quot;Jê&quot;, &quot;g&quot;),
		tekildar: makeWordListStep(&quot;tekildar&quot;, &quot;têkildar&quot;, &quot;Kelîmeyên ji aliyê etîmolojiyê ve têkildarî vê kelîmeyê binivîse&quot;, &quot;Têkildar&quot;, &quot;g&quot;),
		binereherwiha: makeWordListStep(&quot;binereherwiha&quot;, &quot;binêre herwiha&quot;, &quot;Kelîmeyên din ên eleqedar binivîse&quot;, &quot;Binêre herwiha&quot;, &quot;g&quot;),
		etym: {
			id: &quot;etym&quot;,
			name: &quot;etîmolojî&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Etîmolojiya kelîmeyê binivîse&quot;,
			// etymTpls populated from data.json
			etymTpls: [],
			visible: function (values) {
				return values.lang &amp;&amp; values.pos;
			},
			// Fills the insert-dropdown from the current etymTpls array.
			refreshTplSelect: function () {
				var sel = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-tpl-insert-select&quot;);
				if (!sel.length) return;
				sel.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).remove();
				$.each(steps.etym.etymTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(tpl.snippet).text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc));
				});
				// Notify Chosen that the option list has changed (no-op on mobile).
				if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-etym-wrap&quot;).length) return null;

				var wrap = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-etym-wrap'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

				var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-etym-&quot; + $.now())
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-etym-text&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Nimûne: Ji {{ji|en|ku|apple}}. yan rasterast binivîse…&quot;);

				// Template insert dropdown — options also refreshed after data.json loads.
				var sel = $(&quot;&lt;select class='wiktku-tpl-insert-select'&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;);
				sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— şablonek lê zêde bike —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				$.each(steps.etym.etymTpls, function (_, tpl) {
					sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(tpl.snippet).text(tpl.name + &quot; — &quot; + tpl.desc));
				});

				sel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var snippet = $(this).val();
					if (!snippet) return;
					var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
					snippet = snippet.replace(/CODE/g, lang).replace(/SOURCELANG/g, &quot;?&quot;);
					insertAtCursor(ta[0], snippet);
					$(this).val(&quot;&quot;);
					ta.focus();
				});

				wrap.append(sel).append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)).append(ta);
				stepDiv.append(wrap);
				return ta;
			},
			output: function (values) {
				var text = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-text&quot;).val());
				if (text) {
					return &quot;\n==== Etîmolojî ====\n&quot; + text + &quot;\n&quot;;
				}
				// No etymology entered — emit {{ji?|lang}} as a placeholder,
				// Only when a regular sense has content (real mane, or {{mane?}}
				// with other fields filled in) — a şablon sense never counts.
				var dfnSenses = steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
				var hasRegularMane = dfnSenses.some(function (s) {
					return !s.tpl &amp;&amp; (s.mane !== &quot;&quot; || senseHasExtraContent(s));
				});
				if (!hasRegularMane) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Etîmolojî ====\n{{ji?|&quot; + values.lang + &quot;}}\n&quot;;
			} },
		dunde: {
			id: &quot;dunde&quot;,
			name: &quot;dûnde&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Eger ev kelîme ji vî zimanî ketibe zimanekî din, vî zimanî û kelîmeya wî binivîse&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				return  !!values.pos;
			},
			disabledKeys: {
				&quot;navz&quot;: true},

			// Language dropdown + growing word-input list; a new row appends
			// when the dropdown gets a value. Mirrors steps.trans, but flat.
			buildRow: function (stepDiv) {
				var row = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dunde-row wiktku-lang-row'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);

				// Language selector — chosen is applied after insertion into DOM.
				var langSel = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
				langSel.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;, &quot;Zimanekî lê bigere&quot;);
				populateMenus(langSel, steps.dunde.keys || [], steps.dunde.disabledKeys);

				// When a language is chosen, ensure a next empty row exists.
				langSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					steps.dunde.onLangChange(stepDiv, row);
				});

				// Word list for this language.
				var wordList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-dunde-words wiktku-lang-row-words'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				var firstWord = steps.dunde.makeWordInput();
				wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstWord));

				if (isMobile) {
					row.append(wrapNativeSelect(langSel)).append(wordList);
				} else {
					row.append(langSel).append(wordList);
				}
				return row;
			},

			makeWordInput: function () {
				var input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dunde-word-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Kelîme…&quot;);
				input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					var list = $(this).closest(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-words&quot;);
					var item = $(this).parent();
					var val = $.trim($(this).val());
					if (val &amp;&amp; item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;))) {
						var next = steps.dunde.makeWordInput();
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
					}
				});
				return input;
			},

			onLangChange: function (stepDiv, row) {
				var list = stepDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;);
				var isLast = row.is(list.children(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row:last-child&quot;));
				if (isLast) {
					var newRow = steps.dunde.buildRow(stepDiv);
					list.append(newRow);
					// Init chosen after the new row is in the DOM (desktop only).
					if (!isMobile) newRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				}
				// Keep disabled keys in sync across all lang selectors.
				steps.dunde.syncDisabledKeys(stepDiv);
			},

			/** Disables already-selected languages in all other dropdowns. */
			syncDisabledKeys: function (stepDiv) {
				var taken = $.extend({}, steps.dunde.disabledKeys);
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var v = $(this).val();
					if (v) taken[v] = true;
				});
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var self = $(this);
					var own = self.val();
					self.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
						var code = $(this).val();
						if (!code) return;
						$(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, taken[code] &amp;&amp; code !== own);
					});
					self.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
				});
			},

			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;).length) return null;
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-dunde-list wiktku-lang-row-list'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.dunde.buildRow(stepDiv));
				stepDiv.append(list);
				// Init chosen after the select is in the DOM (desktop only).
				if (!isMobile) list.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				return null;
			},

			/** Reads all [langcode, words[]] rows from the DOM. */
			getRows: function (stepDiv) {
				var result = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row&quot;).each(function () {
					var lang = $(this).find(&quot;select&quot;).val();
					if (!lang) return;
					var words = [];
					$(this).find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-words textarea&quot;).each(function () {
						var v = $.trim($(this).val());
						if (v) words.push(v);
					});
					if (words.length) result.push([lang, words]);
				});
				return result;
			},

			output: function () {
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde&quot;);
				var rows = steps.dunde.getRows(stepDiv);
				if (!rows.length) return &quot;&quot;;
				var lines = $.map(rows, function (row) {
					var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
					return &quot;* {{dû|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + words.join(&quot;|&quot;) + &quot;}}&quot;;
				});
				return &quot;\n==== Dûnde ====\n&quot; + lines.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},

		zarava: {
			id: &quot;zarava&quot;,
			name: &quot;bi zaravayên din&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				return steps.trans.visible(values);
			},
			disabledKeys: {
				&quot;navz&quot;: true
			},
			buildRow: function (group) {
				var row = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-zarava-row wiktku-lang-row'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);
				var langSel = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
				populateMenus(langSel, steps.zarava.keys || [], steps.zarava.disabledKeys);

				langSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					steps.zarava.onLangChange(group, row);
				});

				var wordList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-zarava-words wiktku-lang-row-words'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				var firstWord = steps.zarava.makeWordInput();
				wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstWord));

				row.append(langSel).append(wordList);
				return row;
			},

			makeWordInput: function () {
				var input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-zarava-word-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercime…&quot;);
				input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					var list = $(this).closest(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-words&quot;);
					var item = $(this).parent();
					var val = $.trim($(this).val());
					if (val &amp;&amp; item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;))) {
						var next = steps.zarava.makeWordInput();
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
					}
				});
				return input;
			},

			onLangChange: function (group, row) {
				var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-list&quot;);
				var isLast = row.is(list.children(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row:last-child&quot;));
				if (isLast) {
					var newRow = steps.zarava.buildRow(group);
					list.append(newRow);
				}
				steps.zarava.syncDisabledKeys(group);
			},

			/** Disables already-selected dialects in all other dropdowns within one group. */
			syncDisabledKeys: function (group) {
				var taken = $.extend({}, steps.zarava.disabledKeys);
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var v = $(this).val();
					if (v) taken[v] = true;
				});
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var self = $(this);
					var own = self.val();
					self.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
						var code = $(this).val();
						if (!code) return;
						$(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, taken[code] &amp;&amp; code !== own);
					});
				});
			},

			/** Builds (or fetches) the .wiktku-zarava-group for one gloss. */
			buildGroup: function (stepDiv, gi) {
				var group = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-zarava-group'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;data-gloss-pos&quot;, gi);
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-zarava-list wiktku-lang-row-list'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.zarava.buildRow(group));
				group.append(list);
				stepDiv.append(group);
				return group;
			},

			/** Syncs one .wiktku-zarava-group per current gloss (same logic as steps.trans.build). */
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				if (!glosses.length) {
					stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).remove();
					return null;
				}

				var existingGroups = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;);
				if (existingGroups.length &gt; glosses.length) {
					existingGroups.slice(glosses.length).remove();
				}

				$.each(glosses, function (gi, gloss) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) group = steps.zarava.buildGroup(stepDiv, gi);

					var label = group.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group-label&quot;);
					if (glosses.length &gt; 1) {
						if (!label.length) {
							label = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-zarava-group-label'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
							group.prepend(label);
						}
						label.text(gloss.index + &quot; &quot; + gloss.text);
					} else if (label.length) {
						label.remove();
					}
				});

				return null;
			},

			/** Reads the dialect rows for a single gloss group. */
			getGroupTranslations: function (group) {
				var result = [];
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row&quot;).each(function () {
					var lang = $(this).find(&quot;select&quot;).val();
					if (!lang) return;
					var words = [];
					$(this).find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-words textarea&quot;).each(function () {
						var v = $.trim($(this).val());
						if (v) words.push(v);
					});
					if (words.length) result.push([lang, words]);
				});
				return result;
			},

			/** Reads all rows from the DOM, grouped by gloss position. */
			getTranslations: function (stepDiv) {
				var result = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).each(function () {
					result.push(steps.zarava.getGroupTranslations($(this)));
				});
				return result;
			},

			output: function (values) {
				if (values.lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) return &quot;&quot;;

				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava&quot;);
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				if (!glosses.length) return &quot;&quot;;

				var blocks = $.map(glosses, function (gloss, gi) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					var rows = group.length ? steps.zarava.getGroupTranslations(group) : [];

					if (!gloss.text &amp;&amp; !rows.length) return undefined;

					if (rows.length) {
						rows.sort(function (a, b) {
							var aLang = langsByCode[a[0]] || [];
							var bLang = langsByCode[b[0]] || [];
							return (aLang[2] || &quot;&quot;).localeCompare(bLang[2] || &quot;&quot;, &quot;ku&quot;);
						});
					}

					var wordLines = $.map(rows, function (row) {
						var lang  = row[0];
						var words = row[1];
						var wikiWords = words.map(function (w) {
							return &quot;{{W|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + w + &quot;}}&quot;;
						}).join(&quot;, &quot;);
						return &quot;* {{Z|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}: &quot; + wikiWords;
					}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);

					if (!wordLines) return undefined;

					var block = &quot;{{werger-ser|&quot; + (gloss.text || &quot;?&quot;) + &quot;|&quot; + gloss.index + &quot;}}&quot;;
					block += &quot;\n&quot; + wordLines;
					block += &quot;\n{{werger-bin}}&quot;;
					return block;
				});

				if (!blocks.length) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Bi zaravayên din ====\n&quot; + blocks.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},
		trans: {
			id: &quot;trans&quot;,
			name: &quot;werger&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				if (!(values.lang === &quot;ku&quot; &amp;&amp; values.pos)) return false;
				// Hide only when every sense is a filled template sense (no plain
				// gloss to attach translations to). A mix, or nothing filled in
				// yet, still shows Werger.
				var dfnSenses = steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
				var hasRealSense = dfnSenses.some(function (s) {
					return !s.tpl &amp;&amp; (s.mane !== &quot;&quot; || senseHasExtraContent(s));
				});
				var hasFilledTplSense = dfnSenses.some(function (s) {
					return s.tpl &amp;&amp; s.tplTitle;
				});
				return hasRealSense || !hasFilledTplSense;
			},
			disabledKeys: {
				&quot;navz&quot;: true,
				&quot;ku&quot;: true,
				&quot;ckb&quot;: true,
				&quot;sdh&quot;: true,
				&quot;lki&quot;: true,
				&quot;hac&quot;: true,
				&quot;zza&quot;: true },

			// Language dropdown + growing word-input list, scoped to one gloss's
			// group (each gloss has its own group and row list).
			buildRow: function (group) {
				var row = $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-trans-row wiktku-lang-row'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);

				// Language selector — chosen is applied after insertion into DOM.
				var langSel = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
				langSel.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;, &quot;Zimanekî lê bigere&quot;);
				populateMenus(langSel, steps.trans.keys || [], steps.trans.disabledKeys);

				// When a language is chosen, ensure a next empty row exists.
				langSel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					steps.trans.onLangChange(group, row);
				});

				// Word list for this language.
				var wordList = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-trans-words wiktku-lang-row-words'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				var firstWord = steps.trans.makeWordInput();
				wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(firstWord));

				if (isMobile) {
					row.append(wrapNativeSelect(langSel)).append(wordList);
				} else {
					row.append(langSel).append(wordList);
				}
				return row;
			},

			makeWordInput: function () {
				var input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-trans-word-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercime…&quot;);
				input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
					var list = $(this).closest(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-words&quot;);
					var item = $(this).parent();
					var val = $.trim($(this).val());
					if (val &amp;&amp; item.is(list.children(&quot;li:last-child&quot;))) {
						var next = steps.trans.makeWordInput();
						list.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(next));
					}
				});
				return input;
			},

			onLangChange: function (group, row) {
				var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-list&quot;);
				var isLast = row.is(list.children(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row:last-child&quot;));
				if (isLast) {
					var newRow = steps.trans.buildRow(group);
					list.append(newRow);
					// Init chosen after the new row is in the DOM (desktop only).
					if (!isMobile) newRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				}
				// Keep disabled keys in sync across this gloss's lang selectors
				// only — the same language can be used for different senses.
				steps.trans.syncDisabledKeys(group);
			},

			/** Disables already-selected languages in all other dropdowns within one group. */
			syncDisabledKeys: function (group) {
				var taken = $.extend({}, steps.trans.disabledKeys);
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var v = $(this).val();
					if (v) taken[v] = true;
				});
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row select&quot;).each(function () {
					var self = $(this);
					var own = self.val();
					self.find(&quot;option&quot;).each(function () {
						var code = $(this).val();
						if (!code) return;
						$(this).prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, taken[code] &amp;&amp; code !== own);
					});
					self.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
				});
			},

			// Builds (or fetches) the .wiktku-trans-group for one gloss.
			buildGroup: function (stepDiv, gi) {
				var group = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-trans-group'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).attr(&quot;data-gloss-pos&quot;, gi);
				var list = $(&quot;&lt;ul class='wiktku-trans-list wiktku-lang-row-list'&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;);
				list.append(steps.trans.buildRow(group));
				group.append(list);
				stepDiv.append(group);
				// Init chosen after the select is in the DOM (desktop only).
				if (!isMobile) list.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
				return group;
			},

			// Syncs one .wiktku-trans-group per current gloss, keyed by
			// data-gloss-pos so groups stay matched across rebuilds.
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				if (!glosses.length) {
					stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).remove();
					return null;
				}

				// Drop groups for glosses that no longer exist (always from the
				// tail — groups are only ever appended in gloss order below).
				var existingGroups = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;);
				if (existingGroups.length &gt; glosses.length) {
					existingGroups.slice(glosses.length).remove();
				}

				$.each(glosses, function (gi, gloss) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) group = steps.trans.buildGroup(stepDiv, gi);

					// Only label groups when there's more than one gloss to
					// distinguish between — a single gloss needs no caption.
					var label = group.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group-label&quot;);
					if (glosses.length &gt; 1) {
						if (!label.length) {
							label = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-trans-group-label'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
							group.prepend(label);
						}
						label.text(gloss.index + &quot; &quot; + gloss.text);
					} else if (label.length) {
						label.remove();
					}
				});

				return null;
			},

			/** Reads the translation rows for a single gloss group. */
			getGroupTranslations: function (group) {
				var result = [];
				group.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row&quot;).each(function () {
					var lang = $(this).find(&quot;select&quot;).val();
					if (!lang) return;
					var words = [];
					$(this).find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-words textarea&quot;).each(function () {
						var v = $.trim($(this).val());
						if (v) words.push(v);
					});
					if (words.length) result.push([lang, words]);
				});
				return result;
			},

			// Reads all translation rows, grouped by gloss position.
			getTranslations: function (stepDiv) {
				var result = [];
				stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).each(function () {
					result.push(steps.trans.getGroupTranslations($(this)));
				});
				return result;
			},

			// Builds the numbered &quot;{ index, gloss }&quot; list, one per dfn sense
			// with a real mane (skips template senses). index is 1-based and
			// matches the sense's position in the &quot;#&quot; definition list.
			// When nothing's filled in, returns one placeholder entry so
			// Werger still has a group to attach to; when every sense is a
			// filled template sense, stays empty (matches trans.visible()).
			glossList: function () {
				var dfnSenses = steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
				var glosses = [];
				var hasFilledTplSense = false;
				$.each(dfnSenses, function (i, s) {
					if (s.tpl) {
						if (s.tplTitle) hasFilledTplSense = true;
						return; // template sense — no gloss to caption with
					}
					var dfn = s.mane;
					if (!dfn) {
						// No mane, but other fields are filled — still gets a
						// gloss group since dfn.getOutput() emits {{mane?}} for it.
						if (senseHasExtraContent(s)) glosses.push({ index: i + 1, text: &quot;&quot; });
						return;
					}
					if (dfn[0] !== dfn[0].toLowerCase()) dfn = decapitalize(dfn);
					dfn = stripWikilinks(dfn).replace(/[.…?!)\]،؟]+$/, &quot;&quot;);
					glosses.push({ index: i + 1, text: dfn });
				});
				if (!glosses.length &amp;&amp; !hasFilledTplSense) {
					glosses.push({ index: 1, text: &quot;&quot; });
				}
				return glosses;
			},

			output: function (values) {
				if (values.lang !== &quot;ku&quot;) return &quot;&quot;;

				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans&quot;);
				var glosses = steps.trans.glossList();

				// Every sense is a template sense — there's no real gloss
				// anywhere and no group in the DOM either (glossList() only
				// returns empty in that case), so skip the section entirely.
				if (!glosses.length) return &quot;&quot;;

				// Each gloss now has its own group of translation rows —
				// attach every gloss's own words under its own werger-ser/-bin
				// pair instead of dumping everything under the first one.
				var blocks = $.map(glosses, function (gloss, gi) {
					var group = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					var rows = group.length ? steps.trans.getGroupTranslations(group) : [];

					// Placeholder gloss (no real mane entered yet) with nothing
					// translated into it — nothing to output, and gloss.text is
					// empty so there's no caption to give {{werger-ser}} anyway.
					if (!gloss.text &amp;&amp; !rows.length) return undefined;

					if (rows.length) {
						// Sort by Kurdish sort key.
						rows.sort(function (a, b) {
							var aLang = langsByCode[a[0]] || [];
							var bLang = langsByCode[b[0]] || [];
							return (aLang[2] || &quot;&quot;).localeCompare(bLang[2] || &quot;&quot;, &quot;ku&quot;);
						});
					}

					var wordLines = $.map(rows, function (row) {
						var lang  = row[0];
						var words = row[1];
						var wikiWords = words.map(function (w) {
							return &quot;{{W|&quot; + lang + &quot;|&quot; + w + &quot;}}&quot;;
						}).join(&quot;, &quot;);
						return &quot;* {{Z|&quot; + lang + &quot;}}: &quot; + wikiWords;
					}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);

					var block = &quot;{{werger-ser|&quot; + (gloss.text || &quot;?&quot;) + &quot;|&quot; + gloss.index + &quot;}}&quot;;
					if (wordLines) block += &quot;\n&quot; + wordLines;
					block += &quot;\n{{werger-bin}}&quot;;
					return block;
				});

				if (!blocks.length) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Werger ====\n&quot; + blocks.join(&quot;\n&quot;) + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},
		cavkani: {
			id: &quot;cavkani&quot;,
			name: &quot;çavkanî&quot;,
			question_fmt: &quot;Çavkaniyên din ên (ne jêgirtinan) lê zêde bike&quot;,
			visible: function (values) {
				return !!values.pos;
			},
			// Fills the insert-dropdown from the members of [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]].
			refreshTplSelect: function () {
				var sel = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-tpl-insert-select&quot;);
				if (!sel.length) return;
				sel.find(&quot;option[value!='']&quot;).remove();
				$.each(catSrcTemplates || [], function (_, name) {
					sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;).val(name).text(name));
				});
				// Notify Chosen that the option list has changed (no-op on mobile).
				if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			},
			build: function (stepDiv) {
				if (stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-cavkani-wrap&quot;).length) return null;

				var wrap = $(&quot;&lt;div class='wiktku-cavkani-wrap'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

				var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-cavkani-&quot; + $.now())
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 4)
					.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Şablonekî ji jêrê hilbijêre an rasterast binivîse…&quot;);

				// Template insert dropdown, populated from [[Kategorî:Çavkanî]] —
				// options refreshed once the category members are fetched.
				var sel = $(&quot;&lt;select class='wiktku-tpl-insert-select'&gt;&lt;/select&gt;&quot;);
				sel.append($(&quot;&lt;option value=''&gt;— şablonek lê zêde bike —&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
				var status = $(&quot;&lt;span class='wiktku-cavkani-status'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;);

				if (catSrcTemplates) {
					steps.cavkani.refreshTplSelect();
				} else {
					status.text(&quot;Şablon tên barkirin…&quot;);
					fetchCatSrcTemplates().then(function () {
						steps.cavkani.refreshTplSelect();
						status.text(&quot;&quot;);
					}, function () {
						status.text(&quot;Şablon nehatin barkirin.&quot;);
					});
				}

				sel.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
					var name = $(this).val();
					if (!name) return;
					insertAtCursor(ta[0], &quot;\n* {{&quot; + name + &quot;}}&quot;);
					$(this).val(&quot;&quot;);
					if (!isMobile) sel.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
					ta.focus();
				});

				wrap.append(sel).append(status).append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)).append(ta);
				stepDiv.append(wrap);
				return ta;
			},
			output: function () {
				var text = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;).val());
				if (!text) return &quot;&quot;;
				return &quot;\n==== Çavkanî ====\n&quot; + text + &quot;\n&quot;;
			}
		},
		};
	steps.trans.keys = steps.lang.choices;
	steps.dunde.keys = steps.lang.choices;
	steps.zarava.keys = getZaravaKeys(steps.lang.choices);
	var ordered_steps = [
		steps.lang, steps.pron, steps.pos, steps.cinsiyet, steps.lektur, steps.tr,
		steps.dfn, steps.je, steps.tekildar,
		steps.etym, steps.dunde, steps.binereherwiha, steps.zarava, steps.trans, steps.cavkani];

	// Step ids that belong to each section (not shared across sections).
	var PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS = [
		&quot;pos&quot;, &quot;cinsiyet&quot;, &quot;lektur&quot;, &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;dfn&quot;, &quot;je&quot;, &quot;tekildar&quot;, &quot;etym&quot;, &quot;dunde&quot;, &quot;binereherwiha&quot;, &quot;zarava&quot;, &quot;trans&quot;, &quot;cavkani&quot; 
	];

	// ── Multi-section state ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
	// Each entry is a plain snapshot: { pos, cinsiyet, lektur, tr, dfn (senses[]),
	// je, tekildar, binereherwiha, trans (rows[]) }.
	var sections = [{}];   // section 0 starts empty (DOM is the truth)
	var activeSection = 0;

	function snapshotDfn() {
		return steps.dfn.getSenses($(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;));
	}

	// Rebuilds the dfn DOM from a previously snapshotted senses array.
	function restoreDfn(senses) {
		var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;);
		// Tear down the existing list so build() recreates it cleanly.
		stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;).remove();
		steps.dfn.build(stepDiv);

		var list = stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;);

		$.each(senses, function (i, sense) {
			// Ensure enough blocks exist (build() seeds one).
			var blocks = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dfn-sense&quot;);
			var block = blocks.eq(i);
			if (!block.length) {
				var nb = steps.dfn.buildSenseBlock(stepDiv);
				list.append(nb);
				block = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dfn-sense&quot;).last();
			}

			// Template selector.
			block.find(&quot;select.wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;).val(sense.tpl || &quot;&quot;);
			if (sense.tpl) {
				block.find(&quot;textarea.wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;).hide();
				block.find(&quot;input.wiktku-dfn-tpl-title&quot;).val(sense.tplTitle || &quot;&quot;).show();
			} else {
				block.find(&quot;textarea.wiktku-dfn-mane&quot;).val(sense.mane || &quot;&quot;).show();
				block.find(&quot;input.wiktku-dfn-tpl-title&quot;).hide().val(&quot;&quot;);
			}

			// Re-sync the formên alternatîv/hevmane/… hide state now that
			// tplSelect's value was set programmatically (its own &quot;change&quot;
			// handler doesn't fire from .val(), so this doesn't happen otherwise).
			var updateVis = block.data(&quot;updateFieldVisibility&quot;);
			if (updateVis) updateVis();

			// Restore a sub-list (etiket, formên alternatîv, hevmane …) from a values array.
			function restoreSubList(cls, values) {
				if (!values || !values.length) return;
				var groupDiv = block.find(&quot;.&quot; + cls + &quot;-group&quot;);
				var subList = groupDiv.find(&quot;ol, ul&quot;).first();
				if (!subList.length) return; // group not found
				// Fill existing items, append new ones as needed.
				$.each(values, function (j, val) {
					var items = subList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
					if (j &lt; items.length) {
						items.eq(j).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(val);
					} else {
						var ta = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
							.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-restore-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
							.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 1)
							.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot;)
							.val(val);
						ta.on(&quot;input&quot;, function () {
							steps.dfn.onSubInput(subList, this, 1, true);
						});
						subList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(ta));
					}
				});
			}

			// Reveal and populate lazy groups that have data.
			var lazyMap = {
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-etiket&quot;:      sense.etiket,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-kategori&quot;:    sense.kategori,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-alternativ&quot;:  sense.alternativ,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-hevmane&quot;:  sense.hevmane,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-dijmane&quot;:  sense.dijmane,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-koordine&quot;: sense.koordine,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-jornav&quot;:   sense.jornav,
				&quot;wiktku-dfn-jernav&quot;:   sense.jernav
			};
			$.each(lazyMap, function (cls, vals) {
				if (vals &amp;&amp; vals.length) restoreSubList(cls, vals);
			});

			// Nimûne items are objects { text, tr?, t? } — restore using the builder.
			if (sense.nimune &amp;&amp; sense.nimune.length) {
				var nimuneGroupDiv = block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-group&quot;);
				var nimuneList = nimuneGroupDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-nimune-list&quot;);
				var buildFn = nimuneGroupDiv.data(&quot;buildNimuneLi&quot;);
				nimuneList.empty();
				$.each(sense.nimune, function (_, n) {
					var text = typeof n === &quot;object&quot; ? (n.text || &quot;&quot;) : n;
					if (!text) return;
					var li = buildFn ? buildFn() : $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dfn-nimune-li'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);
					li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-text&quot;).val(text);
					if (n.tr) li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;).val(n.tr);
					if (n.t)  li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;).val(n.t);
					nimuneList.append(li);
				});
				// Always leave a blank trailing item.
				if (buildFn) nimuneList.append(buildFn());
			}

			// Restore jêder entries — accepts current array shape or a legacy
			// single object (older saved sections) for backwards compat.
			var jederArr = $.isArray(sense.jeder) ? sense.jeder : (sense.jeder ? [sense.jeder] : []);
			if (jederArr.length) {
				var jederGroupDiv = block.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-jeder-group&quot;);
				var jederList = jederGroupDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-jeder-list&quot;);
				var buildJederFn = jederGroupDiv.data(&quot;buildJederLi&quot;);
				jederList.empty();
				$.each(jederArr, function (_, j) {
					if (!j || !j.quote) return;
					var li = buildJederFn ? buildJederFn() : $(&quot;&lt;li class='wiktku-dfn-jeder-li'&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;);
					li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).val(j.quote);
					if (j.quoteTr) li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;).val(j.quoteTr);
					if (j.quoteT)  li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;).val(j.quoteT);
					if (j.jederManual) {
						var manualSel = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						manualSel.val(&quot;__manual__&quot;).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;).val(j.jederManual);
					} else if (j.jederCatTpl) {
						// Legacy format from before the şablon search switched rows to
						// manual mode directly — convert it the same way now, so it's
						// editable like any other free-form source.
						var catSelEl = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						catSelEl.val(&quot;__manual__&quot;).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-manual&quot;).val(&quot;{{&quot; + j.jederCatTpl + &quot;}}&quot;);
					} else if (j.jederTpl) {
						var srcSel = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-sel&quot;);
						srcSel.val(j.jederTpl).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						if (j.jêderFields) {
							$.each(j.jêderFields, function (key, val) {
								li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-src-input[data-field-key='&quot; + key + &quot;']&quot;).val(val);
							});
						}
					}
					jederList.append(li);
				});
				// Always leave a blank trailing item, same as Nimûne.
				if (buildJederFn) jederList.append(buildJederFn());
			}
		});
	}

	// Snapshots simple (non-dfn) per-section steps from the DOM into obj.
	function saveCurrentSection() {
		var snap = {};
		$.each(PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS, function (_, id) {
			if (id === &quot;dfn&quot;) {
				snap.dfn = snapshotDfn();
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;etym&quot;) {
				snap.etym = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-text&quot;).val());
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;cavkani&quot;) {
				snap.cavkani = $.trim($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;).val());
				return;
			}
			var step = steps[id];
			if (!step) return;
			var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + id);
			if (id === &quot;trans&quot;) {
				snap.trans = steps.trans.getTranslations(stepDiv);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;zarava&quot;) {
				snap.zarava = steps.zarava.getTranslations(stepDiv);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;dunde&quot;) {
				snap.dunde = steps.dunde.getRows(stepDiv);
				return;
			}
			// Generic: read all step fields.
			var fields = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
			if (step.multiple) {
				snap[id] = fields.map(function () { return $(this).val(); }).get();
			} else {
				snap[id] = fields.val();
			}
		});
		sections[activeSection] = snap;
	}

	// Restores a previously saved snapshot into the form DOM.
	function restoreSection(snap) {
		$.each(PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS, function (_, id) {
			if (id === &quot;dfn&quot;) {
				restoreDfn(snap.dfn || []);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;etym&quot;) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-wrap&quot;).remove();
				steps.etym.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym&quot;));
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-text&quot;).val(snap.etym || &quot;&quot;);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;cavkani&quot;) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-wrap&quot;).remove();
				steps.cavkani.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani&quot;));
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-text&quot;).val(snap.cavkani || &quot;&quot;);
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;trans&quot;) {
				// Rebuild trans groups (dfn must already be restored by this
				// point in the $.each loop, so glossList() reflects it).
				var transDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans&quot;);
				transDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).remove();
				steps.trans.build(transDiv);
				var groupsSnap = snap.trans || [];
				$.each(groupsSnap, function (gi, rows) {
					var group = transDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) return; // gloss no longer exists — drop its rows
					var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-list&quot;);
					$.each(rows, function (j, row) {
						var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
						var lastRow = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-trans-row&quot;).last();
						lastRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).val(lang).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						var wordList = lastRow.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-trans-words&quot;);
						$.each(words, function (k, word) {
							var wordItems = wordList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
							if (k &lt; wordItems.length) {
								wordItems.eq(k).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(word);
							} else {
								// .val() below doesn't fire &quot;input&quot;, so the normal
								// auto-grow never runs — append a matching item
								// ourselves instead of silently dropping the word.
								var extraInput = steps.trans.makeWordInput();
								wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(extraInput));
								extraInput.val(word);
							}
						});
						// Leave one trailing empty field so the row can still grow
						// when the user types, matching a freshly-built row.
						if ($.trim(wordList.children(&quot;li&quot;).last().find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val())) {
							wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(steps.trans.makeWordInput()));
						}
					});
				});
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;zarava&quot;) {
				// Rebuild zarava groups (dfn must already be restored by this
				// point in the $.each loop, so glossList() reflects it).
				var zaravaDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava&quot;);
				zaravaDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).remove();
				steps.zarava.build(zaravaDiv);
				var zaravaGroupsSnap = snap.zarava || [];
				$.each(zaravaGroupsSnap, function (gi, rows) {
					var group = zaravaDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group[data-gloss-pos='&quot; + gi + &quot;']&quot;);
					if (!group.length) return; // gloss no longer exists — drop its rows
					var list = group.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-list&quot;);
					$.each(rows, function (j, row) {
						var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
						var lastRow = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-zarava-row&quot;).last();
						lastRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).val(lang).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
						var wordList = lastRow.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-zarava-words&quot;);
						$.each(words, function (k, word) {
							var wordItems = wordList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
							if (k &lt; wordItems.length) {
								wordItems.eq(k).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(word);
							} else {
								var extraInput = steps.zarava.makeWordInput();
								wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(extraInput));
								extraInput.val(word);
							}
						});
						if ($.trim(wordList.children(&quot;li&quot;).last().find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val())) {
							wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(steps.zarava.makeWordInput()));
						}
					});
				});
				return;
			}
			if (id === &quot;dunde&quot;) {
				// Rebuild dunde rows.
				var dundeDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde&quot;);
				dundeDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;).remove();
				steps.dunde.build(dundeDiv);
				var dundeRows = snap.dunde || [];
				$.each(dundeRows, function (i, row) {
					var lang = row[0], words = row[1];
					var list = dundeDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;);
					var lastRow = list.find(&quot;li.wiktku-dunde-row&quot;).last();
					lastRow.find(&quot;select&quot;).val(lang).trigger(&quot;change&quot;);
					var wordList = lastRow.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-words&quot;);
					$.each(words, function (j, word) {
						var wordItems = wordList.find(&quot;li&quot;);
						if (j &lt; wordItems.length) {
							wordItems.eq(j).find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val(word);
						} else {
							// .val() below doesn't fire &quot;input&quot;, so the normal
							// auto-grow never runs — append a matching item
							// ourselves instead of silently dropping the word.
							var extraInput = steps.dunde.makeWordInput();
							wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(extraInput));
							extraInput.val(word);
						}
					});
					// Leave one trailing empty field so the row can still grow
					// when the user types, matching a freshly-built row.
					if ($.trim(wordList.children(&quot;li&quot;).last().find(&quot;textarea&quot;).val())) {
						wordList.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(steps.dunde.makeWordInput()));
					}
				});
				return;
			}
			var step = steps[id];
			if (!step) return;
			var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + id);
			var fields = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
			var val = snap[id];
			if (val === undefined || val === null) return;
			if (step.multiple) {
				var arr = val;
				fields.each(function (i) {
					if (i &lt; arr.length) $(this).val(arr[i]);
				});
			} else {
				fields.val(val);
			}
			// Notify chosen widgets of the programmatic value change.
			if (!isMobile) fields.filter(&quot;select&quot;).trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
		});
	}

	function getWikitextForCurrentSection(callback) {
		var values = getValues();

		var entry = steps.pos.output(values);
		steps.dfn.getOutput(values, function (output) {
			entry += output;
			entry += steps.je.output(values);
			entry += steps.tekildar.output(values);
			entry += steps.etym.output(values);
			entry += steps.dunde.output(values);
			entry += steps.binereherwiha.output(values);
			entry += steps.zarava.output(values);
			entry += steps.trans.output(values);
			entry += steps.cavkani.output(values);
			callback(entry, values);
		});
	}

	function getWikitextAllSections(callback) {
		saveCurrentSection();

		var results = new Array(sections.length);
		var sharedValues = getValues(); // lang/pron are shared

		function processSection(i) {
			if (i &gt;= sections.length) {
				// All done — restore original active section.
				restoreSection(sections[activeSection]);
				refresh();
				callback(results, sharedValues);
				return;
			}
			restoreSection(sections[i]);
			refresh();
			getWikitextForCurrentSection(function (sectionText) {
				results[i] = sectionText;
				processSection(i + 1);
			});
		}
		processSection(0);
	}

	// Assembles wikitext for all sections plus the shared lang/pron header.
	function getWikitext(callback) {
		getWikitextAllSections(function (sectionTexts, sharedValues) {
			var entry = steps.lang.output(sharedValues);
			entry += steps.pron.output(sharedValues);
			entry += sectionTexts.join(&quot;\n&quot;);

			// Edit summary uses section 0's values. Read from the saved snapshot
			// (not the live DOM) so it doesn't mix section 0's pos with whichever
			// section happens to be active/restored at this point.
			var dfnSenses = (sections[0] &amp;&amp; sections[0].dfn) || [];
			var dfnSummary = dfnSenses.map(function (s) { return s.mane; }).filter(Boolean).join(&quot;; &quot;);
			var summary = &quot;([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|WF:NÛ]] v.2.0) +&quot; +
				sharedValues.lang + &quot;:&quot; + sections[0].pos + &quot;:&quot; + dfnSummary;
			var summaryField = document.getElementById(&quot;wpSummary&quot;);
			if (addLangMode &amp;&amp; summaryField.value) {
				summary = summaryField.value + &quot; &quot; + summary;
			}
			summaryField.value = summary;

			callback(entry);
		});
	}

	var continueBtn;

	function getValuesForStep(stepId) {
		var fields = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + stepId + &quot; .wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
		var step = steps[stepId];
		if (step.keys) {
			var values = {};
			fields.each(function (i, field) {
				var key = $(field).prevAll(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;).val();
				if (key) values[key] = $(field).val();
			});
			return values;
		}
		else if (step.multiple) {
			return fields.map(function () {
				return $(this).val();
			}).get();
		}
		return fields.val();
	}

	function getValues() {
		var values = {};
		$.each(steps, function (stepId) {
			values[stepId] = getValuesForStep(stepId);
		});
		return values;
	}

	function populateMenus(inputs, choices, disabledValues) {
		if (!disabledValues) disabledValues = {};
		var vals = inputs.map(function (i, input) {
			return $(input).val();
		});
		inputs.empty();
		inputs.append($(&quot;&lt;option&gt;&lt;/option&gt;&quot;));
		$.each(choices, function (j, choice) {
			// Append the language code in parentheses so that typing a code
			// (e.g. &quot;ku&quot;) in the search box still finds the language name.
			var displayText = capitalize(choice[1]);
			if (choice[2] !== undefined) {
				// This is a language choice [code, name, sortKey] — show code.
				displayText = capitalize(choice[1]) + &quot; (&quot; + choice[0] + &quot;)&quot;;
			}
			var option = $(mw.html.element(&quot;option&quot;, {
				value: choice[0] }, displayText));
			if (disabledValues[choice[0]]) option.prop(&quot;disabled&quot;, true);
			inputs.append(option);
		});
		inputs.val(function (i) {
			return vals[i];
		});
	}

	// Keys to disable for a key menu: already-taken or explicitly disabled.
	function getDisabledKeys(step) {
		var occupiedKeys = {};
		$(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot; .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;).each(function () {
			occupiedKeys[$(this).val()] = true;
		});
		if (step.disabledKeys) $.extend(occupiedKeys, step.disabledKeys);
		return occupiedKeys;
	}

	function buildKeyInput(step) {
		if (!step.keys) return undefined;

		var input = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
			&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-keyfield wiktku-start-narrow&quot; }));
		input.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;, &quot;Hilbijêre &quot; + step.keyName);

		if (isMobile) {
			populateMenus(input, step.keys, getDisabledKeys(step));
			// On mobile return the wrapper; the select is inside it.
			// Change events still fire on the inner select.
			return wrapNativeSelect(input);
		}

		input.on(&quot;chosen:showing_dropdown&quot;, function () {
			$(this).data(&quot;wiktku-defaultValue&quot;, $(this).val());
		});
		input.change(function (_, context) {
			var inputs = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot; .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;).not(this);
			var oldValue = $(this).data(&quot;wiktku-defaultValue&quot;);
			var newValue = context.selected;
			inputs.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + oldValue + &quot;']&quot;).prop('disabled', false);
			inputs.find(&quot;option[value='&quot; + newValue + &quot;']&quot;).prop('disabled', true);
			inputs.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
		});
		populateMenus(input, step.keys, getDisabledKeys(step));

		return input;
	}

	// Adds another text field to the list if the last one now has text.
	function refreshForTextField(currentInput, step) {
		currentInput = $(currentInput);
		var value = currentInput.val();
		var item = currentInput.parent();
		if (value &amp;&amp; !item.next(&quot;li&quot;).length) {
			var nextInput = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
				.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-field-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
				.attr(&quot;class&quot;, currentInput.attr(&quot;class&quot;))
				.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, currentInput.attr(&quot;rows&quot;) || 1);
			nextInput.on(&quot;input&quot;, function (evt) {
				refreshForTextField(evt.target, step);
			});

			var nextKeyInput = buildKeyInput(step);
			var nextItem = $(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(nextKeyInput).append(nextInput);
			item.parent().append(nextItem);

			if (nextKeyInput) nextKeyInput.chosen(chosenOptions);
		}

		var canContinue = !continueBtn.isDisabled();
		if ((value &amp;&amp; !canContinue) || (!value &amp;&amp; canContinue)) {
			refresh(step);
		}
	}

	function prepareInput(input, step) {
		if (!input) return;
		if (step.required) input.prop('required', true);
		input.change(step, refresh);
	}

	// Shows/hides steps based on whether their prerequisites are met, and
	// updates placeholders where applicable.
	function refresh(evt) {
		var values = getValues();
		var changedStep = evt &amp;&amp; evt.data;
		var didFocus = false;
		var canContinue = true;

		// Re-filter template options in every sense block whenever lang changes.
		$(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn .wiktku-dfn-tpl-select&quot;).each(function () {
			var fn = $(this).data(&quot;updateOptions&quot;);
			if (typeof fn === &quot;function&quot;) fn();
		});

		// Re-filter pronunciation and etymology template dropdowns when language changes.
		steps.pron.refreshTplSelect();
		steps.etym.refreshTplSelect();
		steps.cavkani.refreshTplSelect();

		// Sync tr/t sub-fields in every nimûne item to the current language.
		// tr shown when language needs transliteration; t shown when lang !== &quot;ku&quot;.
		(function () {
			var lang = values.lang || &quot;&quot;;
			var showTr = needsTransliteration(lang);
			var showT  = lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;;
			$(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn .wiktku-dfn-nimune-list li.wiktku-dfn-nimune-li&quot;).each(function () {
				var li = $(this);

				// Ensure the sub-wrapper exists when we need it.
				var subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);

				// tr field
				var trTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;);
				if (showTr &amp;&amp; !trTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);
						li.append(subWrap);
					}
					trTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-tr&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyon…&quot;);
					subWrap.prepend(trTa);
				} else if (!showTr &amp;&amp; trTa.length) {
					trTa.remove();
				}

				// t field
				var tTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;);
				if (showT &amp;&amp; !tTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);
						li.append(subWrap);
					}
					tTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 5)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-t&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya nimûneyê kurmancî…&quot;);
					subWrap.append(tTa);
				} else if (!showT &amp;&amp; tTa.length) {
					tTa.remove();
				}

				// Remove the wrapper if it ended up empty.
				subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-sub&quot;);
				if (subWrap.length &amp;&amp; !subWrap.children().length) subWrap.remove();
			});
		}());

		// Sync tr/t sub-fields in every jêder citation to the current language.
		// tr shown when language needs transliteration; t shown when lang !== &quot;ku&quot;.
		(function () {
			var lang = values.lang || &quot;&quot;;
			var showTr = needsTransliteration(lang);
			var showT  = lang &amp;&amp; lang !== &quot;ku&quot;;
			$(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn .wiktku-dfn-jeder-list li.wiktku-dfn-jeder-li&quot;).each(function () {
				var li = $(this);

				// Ensure the sub-wrapper exists when we need it. It must sit right
				// after the quote textarea and before the source selector.
				var subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);

				// tr field
				var trTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;);
				if (showTr &amp;&amp; !trTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).after(subWrap);
					}
					trTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-tr&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Transkrîpsiyona jêgirtinê…&quot;);
					subWrap.prepend(trTa);
				} else if (!showTr &amp;&amp; trTa.length) {
					trTa.remove();
				}

				// t field
				var tTa = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;);
				if (showT &amp;&amp; !tTa.length) {
					if (!subWrap.length) {
						subWrap = $(&quot;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).addClass(&quot;wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);
						li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote&quot;).after(subWrap);
					}
					tTa = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t-&quot; + $.now() + &quot;-&quot; + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9))
						.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, 2)
						.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-dfn-subfield wiktku-dfn-nimune-quote-t&quot;)
						.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, &quot;Tercimeya jêgirtinê ya kurmancî…&quot;);
					subWrap.append(tTa);
				} else if (!showT &amp;&amp; tTa.length) {
					tTa.remove();
				}

				// Remove the wrapper if it ended up empty.
				subWrap = li.find(&quot;.wiktku-dfn-quote-sub&quot;);
				if (subWrap.length &amp;&amp; !subWrap.children().length) subWrap.remove();
			});
		}());

		$.each(steps, function (stepId, step) {
			if (typeof(step.visible) === &quot;function&quot; &amp;&amp; !step.visible(values)) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + stepId).slideUp();
			}
			else {
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + stepId);

				if (changedStep !== step &amp;&amp; typeof(step.build) === &quot;function&quot;) {
					prepareInput(step.build(stepDiv, values), step);
				}

				var input = stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;);
				if (typeof(step.example) === &quot;function&quot;) {
					// .find() above already reaches nested fields (e.g. the dfn
					// step's mane textareas inside each sense block), so one
					// assignment covers every step; dfn keeps its own fallback.
					var exampleText = step.example(values) || (step.id === &quot;dfn&quot; ? &quot;Mane…&quot; : &quot;&quot;);
					input.attr(&quot;placeholder&quot;, exampleText);
				}

				var didSlideDown;
				if (!didFocus &amp;&amp; stepDiv.css(&quot;display&quot;) === &quot;none&quot; &amp;&amp; step.required) {
					didSlideDown = function (evt) {
						input.focus();
					};
					didFocus = true;
				}
				stepDiv.slideDown(didSlideDown);
			}

			if (step.required &amp;&amp;
				(values[stepId] === &quot;&quot; ||
				(step.multiple &amp;&amp; values[stepId].join(&quot;&quot;) === &quot;&quot;))) {
				canContinue = false;
			}
		});

		continueBtn.setDisabled(!canContinue);
	}

	function destroy() {
		$(&quot;#wiktku-start-form, .noafterwizard&quot;).slideUp(function () {
			$(this).remove();
		});
		$(&quot;.noarticletext .nowizard, #editform&quot;).slideDown();

		$(&quot;#ca-edit&quot;).removeClass(&quot;selected&quot;);
		$(&quot;#ca-wiktku-nowizard&quot;).addClass(&quot;selected&quot;);
	}

	// Priority order for Kurdish dialects and the navz pseudo-code.
	// Codes listed here come before all other languages; unlisted codes
	// are sorted alphabetically by their display name via localeCompare.
	var LANG_PRIORITY = [&quot;navz&quot;, &quot;ku&quot;, &quot;hac&quot;, &quot;sdh&quot;, &quot;lki&quot;, &quot;ckb&quot;, &quot;zza&quot;];

	// Inserts a new &quot;== {{ziman|code}} ==&quot; section at the correct sorted
	// position: navz, then ku/hac/sdh/lki/ckb/zza, then alphabetical by name.
	function insertNewLangSection(existing, wikitext) {
		var newCodeMatch = wikitext.match(new RegExp(&quot;^&quot; + langHeaderSource(&quot;[^}]+&quot;)));
		var newCode = newCodeMatch ? newCodeMatch[1] : &quot;&quot;;
		var sections = [];
		var preamble = &quot;&quot;;
		var anyHeaderSrc = langHeaderSource(&quot;[^}]+&quot;);
		var firstMatch = new RegExp(&quot;^&quot; + anyHeaderSrc, &quot;m&quot;).exec(existing);

		if (!firstMatch) {
			// No existing lang sections at all — just append.
			var sep = existing &amp;&amp; !/\n\s*$/.test(existing) ? &quot;\n\n&quot; : &quot;&quot;;
			return existing + sep + wikitext;
		}

		// Everything before the first == {{ziman|...}} == is the preamble.
		var firstSectionStart = firstMatch.index;
		// Walk back to the start of that line.
		var lineStart = existing.lastIndexOf(&quot;\n&quot;, firstSectionStart - 1);
		var preambleEnd = lineStart !== -1 ? lineStart + 1 : 0;
		preamble = existing.slice(0, preambleEnd);

		// Parse each language section: header line + everything until the next header.
		var body = existing.slice(preambleEnd);
		// (?![\s\S]) matches only true end-of-string, since a bare &quot;$&quot; with
		// /m would stop at the section's first line break instead.
		var langSectionRe = new RegExp(
			&quot;^(&quot; + anyHeaderSrc + &quot;\\n?)([\\s\\S]*?)(?=\\n&quot; + anyHeaderSrc + &quot;|(?![\\s\\S]))&quot;,
			&quot;gm&quot;
		);
		var m;
		while ((m = langSectionRe.exec(body)) !== null) {
			sections.push({
				code:    m[2],
				content: m[0]   // full text of this section including header
			});
		}

		// Determine sort rank: priority list first (by index), then alphabetical.
		function getLangName(code) {
			var entry = langsByCode[code];
			return entry ? entry[1] : code;
		}
		function sortRank(code) {
			var idx = LANG_PRIORITY.indexOf(code);
			return idx !== -1 ? idx : LANG_PRIORITY.length;
		}
		function compareLangs(a, b) {
			var ra = sortRank(a), rb = sortRank(b);
			if (ra !== rb) return ra - rb;
			// Both are outside priority list — sort by display name.
			return getLangName(a).localeCompare(getLangName(b), userLang);
		}

		// Insert the new section into the sorted list.
		var newSection = { code: newCode, content: wikitext };
		var inserted = false;
		for (var i = 0; i &lt; sections.length; i++) {
			if (compareLangs(newCode, sections[i].code) &lt; 0) {
				sections.splice(i, 0, newSection);
				inserted = true;
				break;
			}
		}
		if (!inserted) sections.push(newSection);

		// Re-join: preamble + sections separated by newlines.
		var joined = sections.map(function (s) {
			// Ensure each section ends with exactly one newline before the next.
			return s.content.replace(/\n+$/, &quot;&quot;);
		}).join(&quot;\n&quot;);

		return preamble + joined + &quot;\n&quot;;
	}

	function build() {
		$(&quot;.nowizard, .nowizard .noafterwizard&quot;).hide();

		var callToAction = $(&quot;#wiktku-calltoaction&quot;);
		var origCallToActionText = callToAction.text();
		$(mw.util.addPortletLink(&quot;p-views&quot;, &quot;#&quot;, &quot;Edîtora çavkaniyê veke&quot;,
			&quot;ca-wiktku-nowizard&quot;, &quot;Vê rûpelê bi edîtora çavkaniyê çêke&quot;,
			undefined, &quot;#ca-watch&quot;)).click(function (evt) {
			evt.preventDefault();
			callToAction.text(origCallToActionText);
			destroy();
		});
		if (callToAction.length) {
			callToAction.text(origCallToActionText +
				&quot; Forma li jêr ji bo çêkirina madeyeke nû bi kar bîne.&quot;);
		}

		var startForm = $(&quot;&lt;form id='wiktku-start-form'&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&quot;);
		var clearPageCheck = null;
		if (addLangMode) {
			startForm.append($(&quot;&lt;p class='wiktku-addlang-notice'&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&quot;).html(
				&quot;Bi vê formê tu yê zimanekî nû li rûpelê îlawe bikî. Eger ev zimanê jixwe di rûpelê de hebe, beşa nû li dawiya vî zimanî dê were îlawekirin. &quot; +
				&quot;Ji kerema xwe netîceya dawî kontrol bike, eger problemek derkeve, li &lt;a href='&quot; +
				mw.util.getUrl('Mediawiki talk:Gadget-start.js') +
				&quot;'&gt;nîqaşa vê amûrê&lt;/a&gt; problemê ragihîne.&quot;
			));
			clearPageCheck = $(&quot;&lt;input type='checkbox' id='wiktku-clear-page-check'&gt;&quot;);
			var clearPageLabel = $(&quot;&lt;label for='wiktku-clear-page-check'&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;)
				.text(&quot; Naveroka rûpelê paqij bike (rûpelê ji nû ve binivîse)&quot;);
			startForm.append(
				$(&quot;&lt;p class='wiktku-addlang-notice'&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&quot;)
					.append(clearPageCheck)
					.append(clearPageLabel)
			);
			// Re-evaluate step visibility (e.g. the pron step) whenever this
			// is toggled, since it changes what counts as &quot;existing content&quot;.
			clearPageCheck.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
				refresh();
			});
		}
		var spinner;
		// Tab bar for switching between POS sections.
		var sectionTabsDiv = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-section-tabs'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
		startForm.submit(function (evt) {
			evt.preventDefault();

			continueBtn.setDisabled(true);
			spinner.show();

			getWikitext(function (wikitext) {
				if (addLangMode &amp;&amp; clearPageCheck &amp;&amp; clearPageCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
					// User asked to wipe the page and start fresh — just
					// write the newly generated wikitext as the full content.
					$(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;).val(wikitext);
				} else if (addLangMode) {
					var textbox = $(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;);
					var existing = textbox.val() || &quot;&quot;;

					// If this language's section already exists (whitespace
					// differences aside), merge into it; otherwise insert new.
					var langHeaderMatch = wikitext.match(new RegExp(&quot;^(&quot; + langHeaderSource(&quot;[^}]+&quot;) + &quot;\\n)&quot;));
					if (langHeaderMatch) {
						var langHeader = langHeaderMatch[1]; // e.g. &quot;== {{ziman|ku}} ==\n&quot;
						var newCode = langHeaderMatch[2];
						var existingHeader = findLangHeader(existing, newCode);
						if (existingHeader) {
							// Strip the header from the new output.
							var newContent = wikitext.slice(langHeader.length);

							// Find the insertion point: end of the existing lang section.
							// A new L2 heading marks the start of the next language block.
							var searchFrom = existingHeader.index + existingHeader.match.length;
							// Find the next == … == heading after this section's start.
							var nextL2 = existing.indexOf(&quot;\n== &quot;, searchFrom);
							var insertAt = nextL2 !== -1 ? nextL2 : existing.length;

							// Ensure there's a blank line before the inserted block.
							var before = existing.slice(0, insertAt);
							var after  = existing.slice(insertAt);
							var sep = /\n\s*$/.test(before) ? &quot;&quot; : &quot;\n&quot;;
							textbox.val(before + sep + newContent + after);
						} else {
							// New language — insert at the correct sorted position.
							textbox.val(insertNewLangSection(existing, wikitext));
						}
					} else {
						// Unexpected format — insert at sorted position anyway.
						textbox.val(insertNewLangSection(existing, wikitext));
					}
				} else {
					$(&quot;#wpTextbox1&quot;).val(wikitext);
				}
				$(&quot;html, body&quot;).animate({scrollTop: 0});
				callToAction.text(&quot;Hindik ma!&quot;);
				$(&quot;#wiktku-preview-container&quot;).remove();
				destroy();
			});
		});
		$.each(ordered_steps, function (i, step) {
			var stepDiv = $(mw.html.element(&quot;div&quot;, {
				&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step&quot;,
				id: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id }));
			var name = capitalize(step.name);
			stepDiv.append($(mw.html.element(&quot;h3&quot;, {
				&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-name&quot; }, new mw.html.Raw(mw.html.element(&quot;label&quot;, {
				&quot;for&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot; }, name)))));

			if (step.question_fmt) {
				stepDiv.append($(mw.html.element(&quot;label&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-question&quot;,
					&quot;for&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot; }, step.question_fmt)));
				if (step.question_br) stepDiv.append($(&quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;));
			}

			var input;
			if (step.choices) {
				input = $(mw.html.element(&quot;select&quot;, {
					&quot;class&quot;: &quot;wiktku-start-step-field&quot;,
					id: &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot; }));
				input.attr(&quot;data-placeholder&quot;,
					capitalize(step.name) + &quot; hilbijêre &quot;);
				populateMenus(input, step.choices);
				if (step.multiple) input.attr(&quot;multiple&quot;, true);
				if (isMobile) {
					stepDiv.append(wrapNativeSelect(input));
				} else {
					stepDiv.append(input);
				}
			} else if (typeof(step.build) === &quot;function&quot;) {
				input = step.build(stepDiv);
			} else {
				input = $(&quot;&lt;textarea&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;class&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-step-field&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;id&quot;, &quot;wiktku-start-&quot; + step.id + &quot;-field&quot;)
					.attr(&quot;rows&quot;, step.rows || 2);
				if (step.narrow) input.addClass(&quot;wiktku-start-narrow&quot;);
				if (step.multiple) {
					input.on(&quot;input&quot;, function (evt) {
						refreshForTextField(evt.target, step);
					});
					var keyInput = buildKeyInput(step);
					var list = $(step.ordered ? &quot;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&quot; : &quot;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&quot;)
						.append($(&quot;&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&quot;).append(keyInput).append(input));
					stepDiv.append(list);
				}
				else stepDiv.append(input);
			}

			prepareInput(input, step);
			stepDiv.hide();
			// Insert tab bar just before the first per-section step.
			if (step.id === &quot;pos&quot;) startForm.append(sectionTabsDiv);
			startForm.append(stepDiv);
		});

		// ── Section tab helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────

		// ── Add-section button — lives in the tab bar, disabled until pos chosen ──
		var addSectionBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;+ Beş zêde bike&quot;,
			disabled: true
		});
		addSectionBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			saveCurrentSection();
			sections.push({});
			activeSection = sections.length - 1;
			$.each(PER_SECTION_STEP_IDS, function (_, id) {
				if (id === &quot;dfn&quot;) {
					var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dfn&quot;);
					stepDiv.find(&quot;ol.wiktku-dfn-list&quot;).remove();
					steps.dfn.build(stepDiv);
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;etym&quot;) {
					$(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym .wiktku-etym-wrap&quot;).remove();
					steps.etym.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-etym&quot;));
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;cavkani&quot;) {
					$(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani .wiktku-cavkani-wrap&quot;).remove();
					steps.cavkani.build($(&quot;#wiktku-start-cavkani&quot;));
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;trans&quot;) {
					var transDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans&quot;);
					transDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-trans-group&quot;).remove();
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;zarava&quot;) {
					var zaravaDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava&quot;);
					zaravaDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-zarava-group&quot;).remove();
					return;
				}
				if (id === &quot;dunde&quot;) {
					var dundeDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde&quot;);
					dundeDiv.find(&quot;ul.wiktku-dunde-list&quot;).remove();
					return;
				}
				var stepDiv = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-&quot; + id);
				stepDiv.find(&quot;.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;).val(&quot;&quot;);
				if (!isMobile) stepDiv.find(&quot;select.wiktku-start-step-field&quot;).trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			});
			renderSectionTabs();
			refresh();
			$(&quot;html, body&quot;).animate({ scrollTop: sectionTabsDiv.offset().top - 20 }, 300);
		});

		/** Re-render the tab bar to reflect current sections[] and activeSection. */
		function renderSectionTabs() {
			// Detach (not remove) the button first: .empty() strips bound
			// event data from any children left inside it, which would
			// silently kill addSectionBtn's click handler on every re-render.
			addSectionBtn.$element.detach();
			sectionTabsDiv.empty();

			var lang = getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;;
			if (!lang) {
				sectionTabsDiv.hide();
				return;
			}
			sectionTabsDiv.show();

			$.each(sections, function (i) {
				var posVal = sections[i].pos || &quot;&quot;;
				var tabLabel = posVal ? capitalize(posVal) : (&quot;Beş &quot; + (i + 1));
				var tab = $(&quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
					.addClass(&quot;wiktku-section-tab&quot;)
					.text(tabLabel)
					.toggleClass(&quot;wiktku-tab-active&quot;, i === activeSection);
				(function (idx) {
					tab.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
						if (idx === activeSection) return;
						saveCurrentSection();
						activeSection = idx;
						restoreSection(sections[activeSection]);
						refresh();
						renderSectionTabs();
					});
				}(i));
				sectionTabsDiv.append(tab);
			});

			// Enable &quot;Beş zêde bike&quot; only when the active section has a pos chosen.
			var activePos = sections[activeSection] &amp;&amp; sections[activeSection].pos
				? sections[activeSection].pos
				: getValues().pos;
			addSectionBtn.setDisabled(!activePos);
			sectionTabsDiv.append(addSectionBtn.$element);
		}

		renderSectionTabs();

		/**
		 * Restores a full cached draft: shared lang/pron fields, then every
		 * section (via the same restoreSection()/refresh()/renderSectionTabs()
		 * sequence already used when switching tabs).
		 * @param cached {{lang: string, pron: string, sections: Array, activeSection: number}}
		 */
		function restoreFromCache(cached) {
			if (cached.lang) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;).val(cached.lang);
				if (!isMobile) $(&quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;).trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);
			}
			// Rebuild dependent steps (pos, pron wrap, etc.) now that lang is set.
			refresh();

			if (cached.pron !== undefined) {
				$(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-pron-text&quot;).val(cached.pron);
			}

			sections = (cached.sections &amp;&amp; cached.sections.length) ? cached.sections : [{}];
			activeSection = (typeof cached.activeSection === &quot;number&quot; &amp;&amp;
				cached.activeSection &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; cached.activeSection &lt; sections.length)
				? cached.activeSection : 0;

			restoreSection(sections[activeSection]);
			refresh();
			renderSectionTabs();

			mw.notify(&quot;Danûstandina berê ya tomarkirî ji cache hate barkirin.&quot;,
				{ type: &quot;info&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-restore&quot; });
		}

		// Update the active tab's label whenever pos changes.
		startForm.on(&quot;change&quot;, &quot;#wiktku-start-pos-field&quot;, function () {
			renderSectionTabs();
		});

		// Show the tab bar as soon as a language is selected.
		startForm.on(&quot;change&quot;, &quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;, function () {
			renderSectionTabs();
		});

		var footer = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-start-footer'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);

		spinner = $(mw.html.element(&quot;img&quot;, {
			id: &quot;wiktku-start-spinner&quot;,
			src: &quot;//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Ajax-loader.gif&quot;,
			alt: &quot;Tê barkirin…&quot;,
			title: &quot;Tê barkirin…&quot; }));
		footer.append(spinner.hide());

		continueBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			id: &quot;wiktku-unhide-editform&quot;,
			label: &quot;Bişîne&quot;,
			flags: [ &quot;primary&quot;, &quot;progressive&quot; ]
		});
		continueBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			mw.notify(&quot;Tê şandin…&quot;, { type: &quot;info&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-submit&quot; });
			startForm.trigger(&quot;submit&quot;);
		});
		footer.append(continueBtn.$element);

		// &quot;Edîtora çavkaniyê veke&quot; button — inline fallback for the portlet link
		// which is invisible on mobile and easy to miss on desktop.
		var sourceEditorBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;Edîtora çavkaniyê veke&quot;,
			framed: false
		});
		sourceEditorBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			destroy();
		});
		footer.append(sourceEditorBtn.$element);

		// ── Cache save/clear buttons ─────────────────────────────────────────
		// Manual, page-scoped save of the entire wizard (all sections, not
		// just the active one) via [[MediaWiki:Gadget-StorageUtils.js]]'s
		// ObjectStorage. Restoring happens silently on load (see the
		// ziman.json .then() callback below), once the full language list
		// is available.
		var saveCacheBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;Li cache tomar bike&quot;,
			title: &quot;Rewşa niha ya vê formê (ziman, bilêvkirin û hemû beş) li cache (localStorage) tomar bike, da ku eger rûpel bêyî xwestin were girtin an ji nû ve were barkirin, tu karibî berdewam bikî.&quot;
		});
		saveCacheBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			saveCurrentSection();
			var snapshot = {
				lang: getValues().lang || &quot;&quot;,
				pron: $(&quot;#wiktku-start-pron .wiktku-pron-text&quot;).val() || &quot;&quot;,
				sections: sections,
				activeSection: activeSection
			};
			// ObjectStorage.Set() doesn't return a success/failure value, so
			// the only way to detect a real failure (storage blocked, quota
			// exceeded, JSON.stringify choking on something unexpected) is to
			// catch it here rather than inspect a (nonexistent) return value.
			try {
				formCache.Set(snapshot);
				mw.notify(&quot;Rewşa formê li cache hate tomarkirin.&quot;, { type: &quot;success&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-save&quot; });
			} catch (e) {
				mw.notify(&quot;Tomarkirina li cache serneket.&quot;, { type: &quot;error&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-save&quot; });
			}
		});
		footer.append(saveCacheBtn.$element);

		var clearCacheBtn = new OO.ui.ButtonWidget({
			label: &quot;Cache paqij bike&quot;,
			flags: [ &quot;destructive&quot; ],
			title: &quot;Daneyên tomarkirî yên vê rûpelê ji cache jê bibe (formeke ku niha xuya dike naguherîne).&quot;
		});
		clearCacheBtn.on(&quot;click&quot;, function () {
			formCache.Set({});
			mw.notify(&quot;Cache hate paqijkirin.&quot;, { type: &quot;success&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-cache-clear&quot; });
		});
		footer.append(clearCacheBtn.$element);

		// ── Preview checkboxes ───────────────────────────────────────────────

		// Wikitext preview (raw text panel)
		var previewCheck = $(&quot;&lt;input type='checkbox' id='wiktku-preview-toggle'&gt;&quot;);
		var previewLabel = $(&quot;&lt;label for='wiktku-preview-toggle'&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;)
			.text(&quot; Pêşdîtina wîkîtekstê&quot;);
		var previewPanel = $(&quot;&lt;pre id='wiktku-preview-panel'&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&quot;).hide();

		// Live rendered preview (parsed HTML panel, same logic as AjaxEdit).
		// Not available on mobile — API polling causes too many problems on small screens.
		var livePreviewCheck = null;
		var livePreviewPanel = null;
		if (!isMobile) {
			livePreviewCheck = $(&quot;&lt;input type='checkbox' id='wiktku-live-preview-toggle'&gt;&quot;);
			livePreviewPanel = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-live-preview-panel'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;).hide();
		}

		// Container that holds both panels and switches between stacked / side-by-side.
		var previewContainer = $(&quot;&lt;div id='wiktku-preview-container'&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;);
		previewContainer.append(previewPanel);
		if (!isMobile) previewContainer.append(livePreviewPanel);

		var previewTimer = null;
		var livePreviewIntervalId = -1;
		var livePreviewActive = false;  // guards in-flight fetches after uncheck

		/** Rebuilds wikitext preview if its checkbox is checked. */
		function schedulePreview() {
			if (!previewCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) return;
			clearTimeout(previewTimer);
			// Debounce: wait 400 ms after the last keystroke before rebuilding.
			previewTimer = setTimeout(function () {
				getWikitext(function (wikitext) {
					previewPanel.text(wikitext).show();
					updatePanelLayout();
				});
			}, 400);
		}

		/** Fetches parsed HTML and populates the live preview panel. */
		function loadLivePreview() {
			getWikitext(function (wikitext) {
				new mw.Api().parse(wikitext, { title: mw.config.get(&quot;wgPageName&quot;) }).done(function (html) {
					// Discard result if the user unchecked while the fetch was in flight.
					if (!livePreviewActive) return;
					livePreviewPanel.html(html).show();
					updatePanelLayout();
				});
			});
		}

		/** Adjusts panel widths depending on which previews are visible. */
		function updatePanelLayout() {
			var wikitextVisible = previewCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;);
			var liveVisible = livePreviewCheck &amp;&amp; livePreviewCheck.prop(&quot;checked&quot;);
			if (wikitextVisible &amp;&amp; liveVisible) {
				// Side by side — each panel takes roughly half the available width.
				previewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 45%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;280px&quot; });
				livePreviewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 45%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;280px&quot; });
			} else {
				// Full width for whichever is visible — only touch panels that are
				// actually shown so that setting flex doesn't override display:none.
				if (wikitextVisible) previewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 100%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;&quot; });
				if (liveVisible &amp;&amp; livePreviewPanel) livePreviewPanel.css({ &quot;flex&quot;: &quot;1 1 100%&quot;, &quot;min-width&quot;: &quot;&quot; });
			}
		}

		previewCheck.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
			if ($(this).prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
				schedulePreview();
			} else {
				clearTimeout(previewTimer);
				previewPanel.hide();
				updatePanelLayout();
			}
		});

		if (!isMobile) {
			livePreviewCheck.on(&quot;change&quot;, function () {
				if ($(this).prop(&quot;checked&quot;)) {
					livePreviewActive = true;
					livePreviewPanel.show();
					loadLivePreview();
					livePreviewIntervalId = setInterval(loadLivePreview, 500);
				} else {
					livePreviewActive = false;
					clearInterval(livePreviewIntervalId);
					livePreviewIntervalId = -1;
					livePreviewPanel.hide().empty();
					updatePanelLayout();
				}
			});
		}

		// Listen on all input/change events on the form and update both previews.
		startForm.on(&quot;input change&quot;, function () {
			schedulePreview();
		});

		footer.append($(&quot;&lt;span style='margin-left:1em'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
			.append(previewCheck).append(previewLabel));
		if (!isMobile) {
			var livePreviewLabel = $(&quot;&lt;label for='wiktku-live-preview-toggle'&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&quot;)
				.text(&quot; Pêşdîtina zindî&quot;);
			footer.append($(&quot;&lt;span style='margin-left:1em'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
				.append(livePreviewCheck).append(livePreviewLabel));
		}
		startForm.append(footer);

		$(&quot;#editform&quot;).hide().before(startForm);
		// Insert preview container (holds both panels) after the form.
		startForm.after(previewContainer);
		if (!isMobile) startForm.find(&quot;select&quot;).chosen(chosenOptions);
		refresh();

		// Zimanan ji MediaWiki:Gadget-translation_editor.js/ziman.json bar bike.
		// Kodên ku bi &quot;-pro&quot; diqedin û navên ku &quot;zimanê destan&quot; tê de heye
		// tên derxistin. Zimanên xardkirî li serî dimînin, yên din
		// bi alfabeyê li dû wan tên.
		// Pinned choices come from MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json (langChoices),
		// already loaded into steps.lang.choices before build() runs.
		var pinnedChoices = steps.lang.choices.slice();
		var pinnedCodes = $.map(pinnedChoices, function (choice) { return choice[0]; });

		new mw.Api().get({
			action: &quot;query&quot;,
			prop: &quot;revisions&quot;,
			titles: &quot;MediaWiki:Gadget-translation_editor.js/ziman.json&quot;,
			rvprop: &quot;content&quot;,
			rvslots: &quot;main&quot;,
			formatversion: 2
		}).then(function (data) {
			var page = data.query.pages[0];
			var content = page &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions[0].slots.main.content;
			var zimanData;
			try { zimanData = JSON.parse(content); } catch (e) { zimanData = {}; }

			var extraChoices = [];
			$.each(zimanData, function (code, name) {
				// Filter: skip proto-language codes and legendary/reconstructed langs.
				if (/-pro$/i.test(code)) return;
				if (/ziman[eê]\s+destan/i.test(name)) return;
				// Skip codes already in the pinned list (they are handled above).
				if (pinnedCodes.indexOf(code) !== -1) return;

				// sortKey: bare name without leading &quot;zimanê &quot; for sorting.
				var sortKey = name.replace(/^ziman[eê]\s+/i, &quot;&quot;);
				var choice = [code, name, sortKey];
				extraChoices.push(choice);
				langsByCode[code] = choice;
			});

			// Populate langsByCode for pinned choices too.
			$.each(pinnedChoices, function (i, choice) {
				// Ensure pinned choices have a sortKey (index 2).
				if (choice.length &lt; 3) choice[2] = choice[1];
				langsByCode[choice[0]] = choice;
			});

			// Sort the extra choices alphabetically by sort key.
			extraChoices.sort(function (a, b) {
				return a[2].localeCompare(b[2], userLang);
			});

			// Final list: pinned first, then the rest.
			var allChoices = pinnedChoices.concat(extraChoices);
			steps.lang.choices = allChoices;
			steps.trans.keys = allChoices;
			steps.dunde.keys = allChoices;
			steps.zarava.keys = getZaravaKeys(allChoices);

			var langMenu = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-lang-field&quot;);
			populateMenus(langMenu, steps.lang.choices);
			langMenu.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

			var transMenus = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-trans .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;);
			populateMenus(transMenus, steps.trans.keys, getDisabledKeys(steps.trans));
			transMenus.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

			var dundeMenus = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-dunde .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;);
			populateMenus(dundeMenus, steps.dunde.keys, getDisabledKeys(steps.dunde));
			dundeMenus.trigger(&quot;chosen:updated&quot;);

			var zaravaMenus = $(&quot;#wiktku-start-zarava .wiktku-start-step-keyfield&quot;);
			populateMenus(zaravaMenus, steps.zarava.keys, getDisabledKeys(steps.zarava));

			// Now that the full language list is loaded, silently restore any
			// draft the editor previously saved for this page (if the &quot;Li
			// cache tomar bike&quot; button was ever used here).
			var cachedDraft = formCache.Get();
			if (cachedDraft &amp;&amp; cachedDraft.sections &amp;&amp; cachedDraft.sections.length) {
				restoreFromCache(cachedDraft);
			}
		});
	}

	mw.loader.using([&quot;jquery.chosen&quot;, &quot;mediawiki.api&quot;, &quot;oojs-ui-core&quot;], function () {
		if (!isMobile) {
			mw.notify(
				&quot;Amûr dest pê dike, hinek bisekinin.\nNot: jkx Sentaks (Syntax highlighting) neaktîv bikin&quot;,
				{ type: &quot;info&quot;, tag: &quot;wiktku-start-notice&quot;, autoHide: true, autoHideSeconds: 10 }
			);
		}
		// Load metadata, langChoices, posChoices and tplDefs from the companion
		// data page so they can be updated without touching this script.
		new mw.Api().get({
			action: &quot;query&quot;,
			prop: &quot;revisions&quot;,
			titles: &quot;MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json&quot;,
			rvprop: &quot;content&quot;,
			rvslots: &quot;main&quot;,
			formatversion: 2
		}).then(function (data) {
			var page = data.query.pages[0];
			var content = page &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions &amp;&amp;
				page.revisions[0].slots.main.content;
			var d;
			try { d = JSON.parse(content); } catch (e) { d = {}; }

			// Populate metadata.
			if (d.metadata) $.extend(metadata, d.metadata);

			// Populate gender labels.
			if (d.genderLabels) $.extend(GENDER_BASE_LABELS, d.genderLabels);

			// Populate lang choices (pinned list used by build() → ziman.json loader).
			if (d.langChoices) steps.lang.choices = d.langChoices;

			// Populate POS choices.
			if (d.posChoices) steps.pos.choices = d.posChoices;

			// Populate template definitions for the dfn sense-block builder.
			if (d.tplDefs) steps.dfn.tplDefs = d.tplDefs;

			// Populate pos placeholder examples.
			if (d.posExamples) steps.dfn.posExamples = d.posExamples;

			// Populate citation template definitions for the quote widget.
			if (d.jederDefs) steps.dfn.jederDefs = d.jederDefs;

			// Populate pronunciation and etymology template insert lists.
			if (d.pronTpls) {
				steps.pron.pronTpls = d.pronTpls;
				steps.pron.refreshTplSelect();
			}
			if (d.etymTpls) {
				steps.etym.etymTpls = d.etymTpls;
				steps.etym.refreshTplSelect();
			}

			// Sync trans/dunde/zarava keys with the (now populated) lang choices.
			steps.trans.keys = steps.lang.choices;
			steps.dunde.keys = steps.lang.choices;
			steps.zarava.keys = getZaravaKeys(steps.lang.choices);

		}).always(build);
	});
});
//&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>s3kinat8hbrkdmu8whfd7osun31az3b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>şirqînî</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>976098</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291495</id>
      <parentid>6098708</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291495</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="653" sha1="q8d6ioqbyc9n5i5blwwqhzr51kroe2h" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|şirqînî|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# Dengê bilind û tûj ê ku demeke dirêj di guh de didomîne.
#:{{nm|ku| Dergûşa wî, yanî zaroka wî ya di dergûşê de, bi şeqaman '''şirqîniyê''' ji rûyê wî tîne.}}

==== Jê ====
* [[şirqînî jê hatin]]
* [[şirqînî jê anîn]]

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|şirqîn|-î}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Schall}} {{n}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رَنين}} {{n}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|clang|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gürlemek}}, {{W+|tr|şaklamak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>q8d6ioqbyc9n5i5blwwqhzr51kroe2h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>1324934</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291555</id>
      <parentid>6265658</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T11:05:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Skrîpt */</comment>
      <origin>6291555</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="996" sha1="njkswedpfxevkmr402l1rve30b91utq" xml:space="preserve">&lt;center&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
type=create
preload=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/preload
default=Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/
buttonlabel=Çêke
width=50
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/center&gt;

* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/common.js|common.js]]
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/common.css|common.css]]
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.js|test.js]]
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.py|test.py]]
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/test.json|test.json]]

==JSON==
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/json/|stripprefix=yes|hideredirects=yes}}

{{Special:PrefixIndex/Şablon:Jêgirtin/|stripprefix=yes|hideredirects=yes}}

==Python==
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/py/|stripprefix=yes|hideredirects=yes}}

==Javascript==

===JS info===
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/înfo/|stripprefix=yes|hideredirects=yes}}
===Skrîpt===
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/|stripprefix=yes|hideredirects=yes}}
===Gadget===
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-|stripprefix=yes|hideredirects=yes}}</text>
      <sha1>njkswedpfxevkmr402l1rve30b91utq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gotûbêj:superleheng</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>1325416</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291553</id>
      <parentid>6277092</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T10:31:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bikarhêner</username>
        <id>3719</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Peyitandina peyvê */ Bersiv</comment>
      <origin>6291553</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3735" sha1="n2q59nxge9gznohm2q4ztf1a7oy26h5" xml:space="preserve">== Alîkarî ==

Silav  @[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]], @[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] û @[[Bikarhêner:Gomada|Gomada]] û @[[Bikarhêner:MikaelF|MikaelF]] Min rûpel çêkir. Peyva superheld bi almanî heye . Lê mixabin girêdan (link) sor e . Gelo hûn dikarin rûpelê berfireh bikin ?  Bi taybet lîsteya wergeran. 
https://de.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/Superheld [[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Avestaboy|gotûbêj]]) 10:22, 23 adar 2025 (UTC)

== Peyitandina peyvê ==
Hebûna vê peyvê hatiye peyitandin.

Hin çavkaniyên din jî yên peyvê: [[https://www.google.com/search?q=superleheng+xwe&amp;rlz=1C1GCEA_enFI1155FI1155&amp;oq=superleheng+xwe&amp;gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIHCAEQIRigATIHCAIQIRigAdIBCDIyMTRqMGo3qAIAsAIA&amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;ie=UTF-8]]

--[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|gotûbêj]]) 07:00, 25 nîsan 2025 (UTC)

:Ji kerema xwe [[Wf:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê]] dîsa bixwîne. Li gorî krîterên me çavkanî lê zêde bike. Wekî din bi tenê netîceyên Googlê kelîme nayê peyitandin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 07:25, 25 nîsan 2025 (UTC)
::Merheba @[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] Eger tu rastî difikirî ku ev kelîme qaîdeyên li ser [[Wf:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê]] tîne cih, tu dikarî li ser [https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEferheng:Daxwaz%C3%AAn_peyitandin%C3%AA#superleheng daxwazên peyitandinê] binivîsî ku ev peyitandî ye. Lê bi min nebûye, min ew dîtibûn ji ber ku sal ne kifş e min tevlî nekiribû [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 12:53, 20 hezîran 2026 (UTC)
:::Silav hevalno @[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]],@[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] û @[[Bikarhêner:MikaelF|MikaelF]] peyva superleheng di pirtûka '''Hişê Azad''' de heye . Gelo hûn dikarin vê çavkaniyên tomar bikin û di beşa wêjeyê de jî tomar bikin? 
:::https://books.google.de/books?id=KlWhEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT123&amp;dq=%22superleheng%22&amp;hl=de&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;source=gb_mobile_search&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj937jtjNWVAxVgX_EDHeh3ISwQ6AF6BAgIEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22superleheng%22&amp;f=false [[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Avestaboy|gotûbêj]]) 16:34, 15 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::@[[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] Tercimana vê kitêbê kî ye?  [https://www.google.com/search?q=%22Fernanda+Ketrin%22&amp;safe=active&amp;sca_esv=dcf9c7310e527f23&amp;udm=36&amp;biw=1366&amp;bih=607&amp;sxsrf=APpeQnso8OdumE910FPefi0sOTZdSmltSA%3A1784631341308&amp;ei=LVBfaqavEt6Ii-gP8taC-As&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjm-ZzpzeOVAxVexAIHHXKrAL8Q4dUDCA8&amp;uact=5&amp;oq=%22Fernanda+Ketrin%22&amp;gs_lp=EhBnd3Mtd2l6LW1vZGVsZXNzIhEiRmVybmFuZGEgS2V0cmluIjIGEAAYHhgKMgsQABiABBiKBRiGAzILEAAYgAQYigUYhgMyBRAAGO8FMgUQABjvBTIFEAAY7wUyCBAAGIAEGKIESIQEUABYAHAAeACQAQCYAbUBoAG1AaoBAzAuMbgBA8gBAPgBAZgCAaACvAGYAwCSBwMwLjGgB-ADsgcDMC4xuAe8AcIHAzItMcgHBIAIAQ&amp;sclient=gws-wiz-modeless Fernanda Ketrin] çend zimanan dizane? Bnr. [https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAja_bikarh%C3%AAner:Wikihez#c-Avestaboy-20260619155400-Wikihez-20260619151900] [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 10:56, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::::@[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] '''Hişê Azad''' [[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Avestaboy|gotûbêj]]) 11:59, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::::@[[Bikarhêner:Avestaboy|Avestaboy]] Kerem ke... [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 12:00, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::::::''Hişê Azad'' ne kitêbeke pêbawer e, me gotibû divê çavkanî pêbawer bin. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 10:31, 26 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>n2q59nxge9gznohm2q4ztf1a7oy26h5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ܙܪܝܦܐ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1326100</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291496</id>
      <parentid>6111726</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Navdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291496</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="946" sha1="drww4br4n2t0ljqc34em08szk2qnr1r" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|aii}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|aii|[zɑːriːpɑː]}}

=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne:Giraffe standing.jpg|thumb|{{lang|aii|ܙܪܝܦܐ}}]]
{{navdêr|aii|ܙܵܪܝܼܦܵܐ|c=n|m=ܙܵܪܝܼܦܬܵܐ|p=ܙܵܪ̈ܝܼܦܹܐ}}
# {{e|aii|guhandar}} [[zirafe]]
#: {{nm|aii|'''ܙܵܪܝܼܦܵܐ''' ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܒܹܗ ܩܕ݂ܵܠܐ ܪܵܡܵܐ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܡܸܢ ܣܘܼܣܹܐ|w=Stûyê '''zirafeyê'''  ji ya hespî dirêjtir e.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{mîr|arc|aii|ܙܪܢܦܐ|cuda=זַרְנָפָא|tr=zarnāp̄ā}}, deyn ji {{deyn|fa-cls|aii|زرناپا|tr=zurnāpā}}, hevedudanî ji {{qal|fa-cls|زرنا|tr=zurnā|w=zirne}} û {{qal|fa-cls|پا|tr=pā||pî, ling}}.

== {{ziman|syc}} ==

=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|syc|ܙܪܝܦܐ|tr=zārīp̄ā|c=n|p=ܙܪܝܦܐ|ptr=zārīp̄ē}}
# {{awayekî din|syc|ܙܪܢܦܐ|tr=zarnāp̄ā|w=zirafe}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{etymon|syc|id=zirafe|bor|fa-cls&gt;زُرْنَاپَا&gt;zirafe|text=++|tree=1}}</text>
      <sha1>drww4br4n2t0ljqc34em08szk2qnr1r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>red-handed</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1326547</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291497</id>
      <parentid>6121053</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291497</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1673" sha1="iojhr4ho303kg6zk2twzglwnx31i8q3" xml:space="preserve">{{binêre herwiha|redhanded}}

== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|En-au-red-handed.ogg|a=AU}}

=== Rengdêr ===
{{en-rengdêr}}
# {{f|en|îdyom}} Yê [[li ser sûc girtin|li ser sûcê girtî]], [[di ser de girtin|di ser de (girtî)]]. Yê delîlên eşkere yên sûckirinê nîşan dide; li ser kirina karekî îllegal.
#: {{nm|en|[[catch red-handed|to catch '''red-handed''']]|li ser sûcê girtin|rêz=1}}
# [[kujer|Kujer]], [[xwînawî]], [[xwîn|bixwîn]].
# {{f|en|nefermî}} Bi destên ku ji xwînê sor in.

==== Bikaranîn ====
* Hema bêje daîma tevî fiîla ''catch''ê tê emilandin.

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|en|red|handed}}, dişibînin qatilekî ku destên wî bi xwîna qurbanî sor bûye. Tabîra ''to be taken with red hand'' (bi destê sor hatin girtin) bi eslê xwe tê maneya &quot;to be caught in the act&quot; (li ser fêlê hatin girtin). Emilandina tabîra &quot;destê sor&quot; bi vî şiklî li Skotlanda çaxa navîn û hiqûqa skotlandî da, bi kêmanî vedigere esira 15ê. ''Ivanhoe''ya (1819) {{w|ziman=en|Walter Scott|Sir Walter Scottî}} emilandina pêşî ya qeydkirî ya tabîra ''taken red-handed'' (bi ser de hatin girtin) dihewîne, ji bo kesê gava sûcê dike hatîye girtin. Ev îfade dû re zêdetir belav bûye wek ''caught red-handed''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite-book|author=Robert Hendrickson|chapter=Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins|title=Facts on File|location=New York|year=1997|pages=135–136, 138}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Binêre herwiha ====
* {{g|en|bang to rights}}
* {{g|en|caught with one's hand in the cookie jar}}
* {{g|en|in flagrante delicto}}
* {{g|en|pink-handed}}
* {{g|en|wrongdoing}}

==== Çavkanî ====
&lt;references/&gt;</text>
      <sha1>iojhr4ho303kg6zk2twzglwnx31i8q3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>two-time</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1326573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291498</id>
      <parentid>6121313</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rengdêr */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291498</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="657" sha1="hlaodphbubit7t8xyohxzqfii6xiy2p" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Rengdêr ===
{{en-rengdêr|-}}
# Li ser du karî; ducarî.
#: {{nm|en|'''two-time''' winners of the World Cup|qezenckerên ducarî ya Kupaya Dinyayê}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|en|two-time loser}}

=== Lêker ===
{{en-lêker}}
# {{f|en|gh}} Bûn [[nesadiq]] ji [[partner]]a xwe (ya cinsî) re.
#: {{hevmaneyên peyvê|en|cuckoldize}}
# {{f|en|gh}} [[xapandin|Xapandin]], lêb lê kirin, [[hîle]] lê [[kirin]], [[xiniztî kirin]], [[xiyanet kirin]].
#: {{ux|en|One cowboy '''two-timed''' the other in a poker game.|Kowboyekî di pokerê de hîle li yê din kir.}}

==== Jê ====
* {{g|en|two-timer}}
* {{g|en|two-timing}}&lt;!--rengdêr--&gt;</text>
      <sha1>hlaodphbubit7t8xyohxzqfii6xiy2p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wîkîferheng:Dîwan/2026</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>1327120</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291501</id>
      <parentid>6277135</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:43:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291501</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23599" sha1="ah1wzc1k3sextkn7jjiczeq95p3qt5p" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Dîwan/arşîv-ser|2026}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{clear}}
== Daxwazên standardkirinê ==

https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEferheng:Daxwaz%C3%AAn_standardkirin%C3%AA, Gelo di vê malperê de peyvên hatîye standart kirin; ji malperê rakin? Zêde tehlîhev e. @[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]]@[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] [[Bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|Rewiye tine]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|gotûbêj]]) 10:03, 8 kanûna paşîn 2026 (UTC)

:@[[Bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|Rewiye tine]] [[Taybet:Tercîh#mw-prefsection-gadgets]] li vir amûra [[MediaWiki:Gadget-aWa.js/belgekirin|awa]] aktîv bike û pê re dikarî gotûbêjan arşîv bikî. Li sayfa [[WF:DS]] li kêleka her sernavê gotûbêjê &lt;nowiki&gt;[arşîv bike]&lt;/nowiki&gt; derdikeve, pê lê bike û ew ê arşîv bike. Eger nikarî tu tenê şablona {{ş|ds-kirî}} îlawe bike, ez ê dûre arşîv bikim. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:35, 5 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Standartkirin ==

Sala borî, min pêşnîyazek kiribû. Halî hazir piştî daxwaza standarkirinê em du heftî disekinin, eger kesek fikrek dîyar neke. Raste rast peyv li gor ferhenga standart a mezopotamyayê tê standart kirin. Ji xwe sazîyek vê karî dike çima em vê barî dikin stuyê xwe. Mesela ez çaxe di wîkîferhengê de peyvek digêrim; standart a peyvê jî li cem xwe kontrol dikim. Eger destûr hebe bi germî dikarim wê malperê standart bikim. Benda bûna du heftîyan gelo ne zehmet e? Duyemîn pêşnîyaza min nîşandana standarta peyvê di malpera de ye. Kesek dema malperan binêre, divê li jora malperan bibîne ku ev peyv standart e. Ev jî hîzmet e. Çimkî nivîskar, wergêr, edîtor, rojnemavan hez dikin bi peyvê standart binivîsin.  https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/k%C3%AAf li vir wekî mînak min daye nîşan. Lê îfade eger wisa be: Standarda Rastnivîsîna Ferhenga Kurdî a Weqfa Mezopotamyayê kêf (r. 253) e yê çetir be. Çimkî îfadeya berê de peyva kurdî-tirkî derbas dibe û di mejîyê mirov de tevlihevî çêdibe.@[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]]@[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] [[Bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|Rewiye tine]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|gotûbêj]]) 10:25, 8 kanûna paşîn 2026 (UTC)

:Merheba. Hevalno dîyar e karê standarkirinê li wîkîferhengê  rawestîya ye. Min sê peyv ji bo standartkirinê qeyd kir. Kes li ser şîrove nenivîsî. Mehek jî li ser derbas bû. Aniha ez dikarim van rupelan biguherim. Li gor qaîdeya hatine danîn wisa ye. Daxwaza min heta niha jî ew e kelîmeyên di ferhenga standartkirinê de heyî divê em bikaribin rasterast li vir jî bikin standart. An jî demê kurttir bikin. Li weqfa mezapotamyayê 20 mirov digêhin hev li ser peyvekî seetan nîqaş dikin. Ma hewceyê em jî li vir nîqaş bikin? Tevlî vê jî ji xwe kes li ser vê mijare nasekîne van dema. Xeynî vê pêşnîyaza min nîşandana standarta peyvê di malpera de hebû. Li ser malperê 'Standarda Rastnivîsîna Ferhenga Kurdî a Weqfa Mezopotamyayê kêf (r.253) e' Tiştek mîna wî hebe yê gelek kêrî her cure nivîskarê me were. Çimkî hin nivîskarên me hez dike bi kelîmeyên standart binivîse. Di malperê de bila vê hêsanî fam bike çêtir e. @[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]]@[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] [[Bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|Rewiye tine]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|gotûbêj]]) 18:35, 17 sibat 2026 (UTC)
::Merheba @[[Bikarhêner:Rewiye tine|Rewiye tine]]. Ev format pir xirab dibe. Tu dikarî li beşa Çavkaniyê binivîsî bi şablona {{ş|kitêb}} binivîsî çêtir e û tê eynî maneyê. Lê her kes standarda Weqfa Mezopotamyayê qebûl nakin û ez jî şibhê dikim ku ev websîte bi awayekî kolektîv tê çêkirin an na. Loma em bi ya kitêba rastnivisînê çêkin û eger îtîraz tinebe, şablona {{ş|ds-kirî}} li gotûbêja [[WF:DS]] binivîse, dûre li gotûbêjê arşîv bike, ne hewce ye li hêviya kesên din bisekinî. Eger itirazek hebe, ê ku dixwaze dûre dîsa şablona ds zêde bike. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:30, 5 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::[https://berwarnews.com/ferhenga-rastnivisine-qonaxeke-giring-a-standardkirina-kurmanci-ye/ Roportaja Mikail Bülbül] li ser proseya standardkirinê. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:57, 9 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::Min nû dît an jî nû hatiye zêdekirin lê meqaleyek bi navê [https://www.ferhengkurdi.com/?q=iltihap&amp;modal=lijne lijneya edîtorîyê] nivîsandine [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:40, 22 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

21:02, 19 kanûna paşîn 2026 (UTC)
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== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[Bikarhêner:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:MediaWiki message delivery|gotûbêj]]) 00:58, 26 nîsan 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/bdi&gt;
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== Guharto ==

: &lt;small&gt;→ Ji rûpela ''[//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAj:berf%C3%AEtik&amp;oldid=6233338 Gotûbêj:berfîtik]'' hatiye girtin.&lt;/small&gt;
Silav {{r|Ghybu}} ma hewce ye em guhartoyan jî kategorîze bikin? Li vê [[ژیشک]] binere, tije guhartoyên wê hene, ku em ji gişan re guhandar binivîsin dê 10 navên heman hebin di nav wê kategorîyê de. Tu çi difikirî? [[Bikarhêner:Keyomerd|Keyomerd]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Keyomerd|gotûbêj]]) 09:40, 26 nîsan 2026 (UTC)

:{{silav|Keyomerd}}. Erê, problem çî ye? {{=)}} Ew jî tên bikaranîn... Dema ku peyvek tê çêkirin hewce ye ku em hemû agahiyên wan binivîsin: bilêvkirin, bikaranîn, mînak, terîm, herêm, tewandin, etîmolojî...
:Bi min peyvên ku wekî ''guherto'' hatine nivîsandin bi nivîsa {{w|Italic type|îtalîk|ziman=en}} (xwahr) di nav kategoriyan de werin nişan kirin (ji bo cudakirinê). {{ping|Ferhengvan|Bikarhêner}} [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 16:40, 30 nîsan 2026 (UTC)
::Yên '''''nestandard''''' di kategorîyan de biferq werin nîşandan baştir e. Qene em karibin wan ji yên stadard ferq bikin. @[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] Xêra xwe hûn sîstemeke wisa çêkin. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 14:36, 1 gulan 2026 (UTC)
:::Merheba @[[Bikarhêner:Keyomerd|Keyomerd]] û @[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ev xisûsiyet jixwe di şablonên rêzimanê de heye, wextê {{param|formaalt|1}} dinivîsin, made dikeve Kategoriya [[:Kategorî:Formên alternatîv bi kurmancî]] li gorî koda zimanî jî zimanên din tê çêkirin. Hemû madeyên kurmancî bi alfabeya erebî dikevin vê kategoriyê lê nizanim ev tiştekî rast e Yan xelet e, ji bo nîşandanê min çêkiribû lê min hîn wext nedît ku nîqaşek li ser çêkim. Qaîdeyên bikaranîna vê parametreyê di wîkiya îngilîzî de jî tam ne belî ye. Du gotûbêj [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Requests_for_moves,_mergers_and_splits#Category:Alternative_forms_by_language] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Beer_parlour/2024/June#Decluttering_the_altform_mess] çêkirine lê ji bo îngilîzî ev parametre nehatiye bikaranîn. Min ji bo nîşandanê niha [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=bax%C3%A7%C3%AA_zarokan&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=6241372] ceriband lê bi min xelet e. Em çawa bikin? Kengî vê parametreyê bi kar bînin? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:29, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::@[[Bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|Kurdanparez]] Tu çi difikirî? Ji bo zazakî [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=a_c%C4%B1_geyrayene&amp;oldid=6241396 wisa] bikin? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:55, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::::Kategorîyekê cuda baş dibe. Wextê ku ez li kategorîya &quot;lekêren bi zazakî&quot; dinêrim, ez hem formê bi şikilê Johnsonê û formê standardê dibînim. Zaten wexte ku ez dikevim ê Johnsonê, min dibe formê standardê. Kategorîyekê cuda, bi taybetî ji bo nivîsandinên alternatîf, baş dibe. 
:::::Lê em bîr nekin ku wextê ku em bo formên alternatîf yên devokî qal dikin, belkî adil neye ku em ev bişînin derekê din yê ku însan ewqas nabînin. [[Bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|Kurdanparez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|gotûbêj]]) 22:03, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::::@[[Bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|Kurdanparez]] Gelo min rast fêm kir? Tu dibêjî formên {{q|ku|kîvroşk}} bi dîqet werin guhartokirin lê bi yên bi alfabeya Jacobsonê hemû bikin {{param|formaalt|1}}? Formên Jacobsonê dê bikevin Kategoriya [[:Kategorî:Lêker bi zazakî|Lêker bi zazakî]] û [[:Kategorî:Lema bi zazakî|Lema bi zazakî]] yan na? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:55, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Bi min naxwaze di wan kategoriyan de bikeve. Wek tu dibînî dûplîkat pir hene. Bi min çareya baştir yên Johnsonê di katehgorîyekê din bikevin (bila format li rûpelan neyin guherandin, bi tenê kategorî) [[Bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|Kurdanparez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|gotûbêj]]) 00:37, 9 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Peyvên soranî bi latînî ([[:Kategorî:Soranî]]) ==

Silav, di nav vê kategoriyê (''[[:Kategorî:Soranî]]'') de pirr peyv tenê bi alfabeya latînî hatine nivîsandin. Divê ew mutleq jî bi alfabeya erebî werin transkrîbe kirin ji ber ku soranî bi alfabeya erebî tê nivîsand... Bikarênerên ku soranî dizanin dikarin wan sererast bikin? Mînakên guhertinan: [//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=zor%C3%AEne&amp;curid=6584&amp;diff=6233355&amp;oldid=5859303], [//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=s%C3%AAw&amp;diff=6233097&amp;oldid=6233003], [//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=sewz&amp;diff=6233313&amp;oldid=6069107], ... Spas! [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 01:16, 2 gulan 2026 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now in the 2026 U4C election&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:15, 27 gulan 2026 (UTC)
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== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|gotûbêj]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:12, 23 hezîran 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
'''Legal &amp; Safety Contacts'''

Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]].

&lt;section end=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:31, 25 hezîran 2026 (UTC)
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== Jêbirina ferhenga Sadallah ==

Merheba @[[Bikarhêner:Guherto|Guherto]] Îmkan heye lîsteyeke wisa çêkî ku hemû sayfeyên Cyrusbot çêkir yên ku tê de tenê tercimeyeke îngilîzî heye û ev tercime jî hatibe jêbirin? Nimûne ''[[derdzanî]], [[êşzanî]]'' tenê tercimeya [[pestology]] heye ew jî ji ber heqê telîfê hatiye jêbirin. Nimûneyeke din ''zêrrgeh'', ''zêrrkar'' [[goldsmith]] hatiye jêbirin zêr wekî zêrr hatiye guhartin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 19:48, 26 hezîran 2026 (UTC)

== Beşa Tewandin bo kurmancî ==

Bi ya min şablona {{ş|ku-tewîn-nav}} û ya fiîlê em bixin beşa Tewandinê (wekî [[şodir|zazakî]]. Bi vî awayî hem ji aliyê şiklî ve hem jî ji aliyê bikaranînê ve xweştir xuya bike. Eger di qismê Tewandinê de be, ê ku dixwaze îzah û notên xwe yan jî emilandinên din jî dikare binivîse. Hûn çi dibêjin? @[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]], @[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]], @[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]]. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:05, 6 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:Belkî em dikarin Formata şiweyan wekî ya behdînî jî têxin nav şablonê. Pir caran şiklê tabloya Tercimeyan ji ber dirêjbûna şablona teqînê jî xirab dibe wekî [[astrofizîk]]. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:08, 6 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:Min mijarê te li jorê yê xwe dît, fikirên min jî hene eger baş e. Yê ku te gotiye bi min baş dibe, ji ber ku her rûpel ji vê mîna hev dibe. Em ê rindtir jî ferq li nav devokan binivîsin. [[Bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|Kurdanparez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|gotûbêj]]) 11:44, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::@[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] fikr? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 08:44, 15 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::Formata ku te teklîf kirîye jî ne xerab e, baş tê xuyan. Feqet bi min halê berê (mewcûd) baştir e. Ji ber ku ev şablon (ku-tewîn-nav) bi piranî kurt in û ji bo her kesî ne mihîm e, lewma li kinarê bi formeke hebe ku karibe were vekirin û girtin baştir e. Lê belê ger şablon dirêjtir bin, em karin wekî ya wîkîya almanî bikin (ew jî wekî teklîfa te ye). -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:50, 15 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Reşwî ==

Silav ji we gî re, Pirsekê min heye.
Ez difikirim şablonekê din çê bikim boy devokek kurmancî, yê êla Reşwî. Ew lêkerên xwe hinek cuda ditewînin. Mesela te hem &quot;ez dikim&quot; bêjî yan jî &quot;ez dikime&quot;, &quot;em dikinî, em tênî, te em kuştinî&quot; (ne &quot;em dikin&quot;) dema xwe yek in lê maneyên xwe ne yek in, &quot;ez bikim&quot; &quot;ez ê bikim&quot; &quot;ez bikime&quot; û dewamên xwe hemû demên xwe yek in lê mane dîsa ne yek in.
Eger min çê kir, şûna xwe li ku derê tînim? Ez difikirim li tewandina devokên kurdî yê ku &quot;tabên&quot; xwe hene &quot;kurmancîya rojavayî&quot;, &quot;kurmancîya standard&quot; hsw. Lê tewandin ewqes cuda ye dixwaze ku wî şablona tewandina kurdî pir were guherîn.
Hûn çi dibêjin? (R: Hûn dewên çi?) [[Bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|Kurdanparez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|gotûbêj]]) 11:38, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:{{silav|Kurdanparez}} Binêre mînaka devoka ''rojhilatî'': [[Modul:ku-tewandin#L-135]] / [[Modul:ku-tewandin#L-138|L138]] / [[Modul:ku-tewandin#L-143|L-143]], .. Di nav modula ''ku-tewandin&quot;-ê de tê çêkirin. [[Gotûbêja modulê:ku-tewandin#Paşgirên lêkeran di kurmanciya rojhilatî de]] [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 13:09, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::PS: Dema niha: [[Modul:ku-tewandin#L-128]]; dema borî: [[Modul:ku-tewandin#L-153]] [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 13:15, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::Merheba @[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]], Eger mimkin be tu dikarî yên devokî têxî binmodulekê û bila modul load bike, bi vî awayî belkî çêkirina yên nû û famkirina modulê hêsantir be? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 15:09, 7 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::Lê di devokê reşwî de hem dema niha yê statîk heye (Îng: I do -&gt; Ez dikim) û yê progressîf heye (I am doing -&gt; Eîz (nêr) Ez î (mê) dikime, yan jî Ez î dikime/Ez ê dikime). Reşwî ji yê standardê pirtir bo zayend ferq tîne, hem jî li dema pêşî (Ez ê bikim (Nêr) ez a bikim (Mê)). Dema pêşî jî formên cuda hene (Ezêk bikime (I will be doing it) û ez ê/a bikim (I will do it))
:::Ev di modûlê têhel bê? [[Bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|Kurdanparez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Kurdanparez|gotûbêj]]) 22:09, 8 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== WF:Xebat ==

Min sayfeya [[WF:Xebat]] çêkir, xeletiyên ku hûn ferq dikin ji kerema xwe lê zêde bikin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 11:35, 15 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Modul:quote ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]], @[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]], @[[Bikarhêner:Keyomerd|Keyomerd]], @[[Bikarhêner:Ferhengvan|Ferhengvan]] Merheba, ez modula îngilîzî ya jêgirtin û çavkaniyan li gorî şablonên {{ş|jêder}}  format dikim û ji bo ku hertişt wekî formata me ya niha be, gelek serê min diêşe. Ez dibêjim bila em dev ji formata niha berdin wekî ya îngilîzî bi kar bînin ji ber ku gelek xisûsiyetên îngilîzî hene ku yekî dikare biemilîne. Hûn ê bibêjin niha ji kû hat bîra tê, min got [[Wîkîferheng:Xebat#MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js|start.js]] nû bikim û min dît otomatîk çavkanî bi riya [[mw:Citoid]]ê bi riya DOI, ISBN û lînk tê çêkirin, min got wiya jî li skrîptê îlawe bikim loma min [[Wîkîferheng:Xebat#Mediawiki:Gadget-citoid-helper.js|Mediawiki:Gadget-citoid-helper.js]] hazir kir lê hin parametreyên Citoidê kêm bûn, min got ka wana rast bikim, min dît formata me ya niha ti standard bi kar nayîne tenê parametreyan bi virgulê li hev dixe. 

Ez dibêjim formata îngilîzî baştir e, hem ne îtalîk e ku bi hêsanî tên xwendin, hem jî tarîx û çavkanî herî pêşî tên nîşandan ku ji bo peyitandinê bo min muhîm e. Modula îngilîzî de hema bêje her tişt hatiye çêkirin, eger em rûnin tenê yên lazim li şablona çavkaniyên xwe binivîsin ew ê gelek wext bistîne. Eger em modula îngilîzî bi kar bînin, em ê hem karibin şablonên îngilîzî bi hêsanî û rast kopî bikin hem jî kurdîkirina parametreyan gelek hêsan e. Fikir? --[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:20, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
: Ji bo miqayesekirinê bnr. [[:en:Template:quote-book]] / [[Şablon:jêder-kitêb/ceribandin]] --[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:32, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::Bi min bila yê mewcûd jî bimîne, ew jî şiklen xweş û baştir e. Feqet bi min jî yên îngilîzî rehettir in, eger rastkirina yê mewcûd zehmet be, em rasterast wan ji xwe re bînin û tercime bikin. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 09:41, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::Ez êvarê ve dixebitim, min nêzîk kiribû lê min got belkî hûn qane bibin lê xuya ye hûn ê hîn serê min gelek biêşînin {{=D}} [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:59, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::@[[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] û @[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] Eger îtîrazek tinebe, ez ê îtalîk ji jêgirtinê rakim... Jixwe bi riya [jêgirtin] dikare were veşartin û her daim bi * dest pê dike loma bi hêsanî tê fêmkirin û xwendin rihettir dibe. Bnr. [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=W%C3%AEk%C3%AEferheng:ceribandin/nim%C3%BBne&amp;oldid=6277132#L%C3%AAker_2 ceribandinê] [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:13, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}}
You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]])  12:25, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/bdi&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30513860 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ah1wzc1k3sextkn7jjiczeq95p3qt5p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>xistin bin xwe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1357371</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291499</id>
      <parentid>6238604</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291499</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="353" sha1="t4tccj7wrq7oj1bf55nswcwomn2ibqd" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=gh}}
# [[bi ser ketin]], [[sekinandin]]
#* {{nm|ku|Hevrikê xwe '''xist bin xwe'''.}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|xistin|bin|xwe}}.

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|take down}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|altına almak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>t4tccj7wrq7oj1bf55nswcwomn2ibqd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:quote</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>1357519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290814</id>
      <parentid>6277134</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T13:53:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290814</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139471" sha1="3brg6yazi9jfds7jyi2astsw2cpeq4i" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,article,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cildê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêzê&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêz&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpela&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûnê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûn&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>3brg6yazi9jfds7jyi2astsw2cpeq4i</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290843</id>
      <parentid>6290814</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T16:39:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290843</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139543" sha1="8ugydb2y9qlp9ow8m4oc4axusqdc1u3" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,article,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cildê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêzê&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêz&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpela&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûnê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûn&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>8ugydb2y9qlp9ow8m4oc4axusqdc1u3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290850</id>
      <parentid>6290843</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:12:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290850</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139544" sha1="nbmhn5vy74oj9mjq5kd3a5x6me21yko" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;sernav,article,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cildê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêzê&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêz&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpela&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûnê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûn&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>nbmhn5vy74oj9mjq5kd3a5x6me21yko</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290851</id>
      <parentid>6290850</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:23:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290851</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139569" sha1="pap9plwmjzggohxuozcpst0907lwgpe" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;sernav,title,article,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		--{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		--{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		--{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cildê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmarê&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmar&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêzê&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêz&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpela&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûnê&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûn&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>pap9plwmjzggohxuozcpst0907lwgpe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291428</id>
      <parentid>6290851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:24:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291428</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139566" sha1="hz9p6kqazjhhwggqkpnm13bxoggdu17" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;sernav,title,article,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		--{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		--{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		--{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>hz9p6kqazjhhwggqkpnm13bxoggdu17</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291505</id>
      <parentid>6291428</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:58:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291505</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139708" sha1="kt355omvijcgpgrkj1rpjwyaeki44t7" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,article,sernav,meqale4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		--{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		--{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		--{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>kt355omvijcgpgrkj1rpjwyaeki44t7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291511</id>
      <parentid>6291505</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T19:49:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291511</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139689" sha1="elmovj7xjl5yvaj7iwgyvm0mqueg53p" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,article,meqale4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>elmovj7xjl5yvaj7iwgyvm0mqueg53p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291513</id>
      <parentid>6291511</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T19:56:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291513</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139696" sha1="hknkuxty4xnlvve9k6u1ufw26pnqrsr" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,sernav,article,meqale4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>hknkuxty4xnlvve9k6u1ufw26pnqrsr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291518</id>
      <parentid>6291513</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T20:42:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291518</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="139998" sha1="bzoq2ldk6dchop2q4t062q03v5xlc9r" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,sernav,article,meqale,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanên-sernav,tercimanên-meqaleyê,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-sernav,cildê-seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number,hejmara-sernav,hejmara-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain,sernav-sade,meqale-sade&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,xebat,xezete,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,tercimeya-kovar,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,tercimeya-xezete,trans-work,tercimeya-xebat&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,terciman-kovar,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,terciman-xezete,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,terciman-xebat,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,urlya-kovarê,magazineurl,newspaperurl,urlya-xezeteyê,workurl,urlya-xebatê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,ajans,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>bzoq2ldk6dchop2q4t062q03v5xlc9r</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291531</id>
      <parentid>6291518</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:58:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291531</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="140061" sha1="ifqhz0w9abjm0gsb8j8qffo1fduqf9a" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,sernav,article,meqale,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanên-sernav,tercimanên-meqaleyê,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-sernav,cildê-seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number,hejmara-sernav,hejmara-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain,sernav-sade,meqale-sade&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,xebat,xezete,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,tercimeya-kovar,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,tercimeya-xezete,trans-work,tercimeya-xebat&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,tercimanê-kovarê,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,tercimanê-xezeteyê,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,tercimanê-xebatê,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,urlya-kovarê,magazineurl,newspaperurl,urlya-xezeteyê,workurl,urlya-xebatê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,ajans,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;versîyona-nû&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;newversion&quot;},
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>ifqhz0w9abjm0gsb8j8qffo1fduqf9a</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291532</id>
      <parentid>6291531</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:59:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291532</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="140060" sha1="94updrwdsbxjaiujrkw33fc3j6kae4m" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,sernav,article,meqale,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanên-sernav,tercimanên-meqaleyê,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-sernav,cildê-seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number,hejmara-sernav,hejmara-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain,sernav-sade,meqale-sade&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;kovar,journal,magazine,newspaper,work,xebat,xezete,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,tercimeya-kovar,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,tercimeya-xezete,trans-work,tercimeya-xebat&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,tercimanê-kovarê,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,tercimanê-xezeteyê,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,tercimanê-xebatê,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,urlya-kovarê,magazineurl,newspaperurl,urlya-xezeteyê,workurl,urlya-xebatê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,ajans,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;versiyona-nû&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;newversion&quot;},
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>94updrwdsbxjaiujrkw33fc3j6kae4m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291533</id>
      <parentid>6291532</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T22:06:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291533</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="140060" sha1="g36l0wcloz1t80slnd66tduch0kll1b" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,sernav,article,meqale,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanên-sernav,tercimanên-meqaleyê,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-sernav,cildê-seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number,hejmara-sernav,hejmara-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain,sernav-sade,meqale-sade&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;journal,kovar,magazine,newspaper,work,xebat,xezete,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,tercimeya-kovar,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,tercimeya-xezete,trans-work,tercimeya-xebat&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,tercimanê-kovarê,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,tercimanê-xezeteyê,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,tercimanê-xebatê,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,urlya-kovarê,magazineurl,newspaperurl,urlya-xezeteyê,workurl,urlya-xebatê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,ajans,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;versiyona-nû&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;newversion&quot;},
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>g36l0wcloz1t80slnd66tduch0kll1b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291534</id>
      <parentid>6291533</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T22:27:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291534</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="140128" sha1="thnbaeewxvy2f3kujf937is8r74q20d" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	alt = {},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,sernav,article,meqale,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanên-sernav,tercimanên-meqaleyê,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-sernav,cildê-seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number,hejmara-sernav,hejmara-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain,sernav-sade,meqale-sade&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;journal,kovar,magazine,newspaper,work,xebat,xezete,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,tercimeya-kovar,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,tercimeya-xezete,trans-work,tercimeya-xebat&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,tercimanê-kovarê,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,tercimanê-xezeteyê,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,tercimanê-xebatê,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,urlya-kovarê,magazineurl,newspaperurl,urlya-xezeteyê,workurl,urlya-xebatê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,ajans,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type or args.cure or direct_args.cure
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2 or args.cure2 or direct_args.cure2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;versiyona-nû&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;newversion&quot;},
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>thnbaeewxvy2f3kujf937is8r74q20d</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291540</id>
      <parentid>6291534</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:17:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291540</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="140356" sha1="tvayew0w87mp6d7cjr2m4ai990ummqh" xml:space="preserve">--[=[
	This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates.

	Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template,
	written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2.

	The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the
	arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter.
]=]

local export = {}

--[=[
FIXME:
1. Dates like `1 march 2025` with the day of the month being 1 and the month lowercased are treated as month-year-only.
   The relevant code checks for a capitalized word; it should probably instead check for the actual month names or
   abbrevs.
]=]
-- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions.
local check_isxn_module = &quot;Module:check isxn&quot;
local debug_track_module = &quot;Module:debug/track&quot;
local en_utilities_module = &quot;Module:en-utilities&quot;
local italics_module = &quot;Module:italics&quot;
local labels_module = &quot;Module:labels&quot;
local languages_module = &quot;Module:languages&quot;
local languages_error_module = &quot;Module:languages/error&quot;
local links_module = &quot;Module:links&quot;
local number_utilities_module = &quot;Module:number utilities&quot;
local parameters_module = &quot;Module:parameters&quot;
local parse_utilities_module = &quot;Module:parse utilities&quot;
local qualifier_module = &quot;Module:qualifier&quot;
local roman_numerals_module = &quot;Module:roman numerals&quot;
local scribunto_module = &quot;Module:Scribunto&quot;
local script_utilities_module = &quot;Module:script utilities&quot;
local scripts_module = &quot;Module:scripts&quot;
local string_pattern_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/patternEscape&quot;
local string_replacement_escape_module = &quot;Module:string/replacementEscape&quot;
local string_utilities_module = &quot;Module:string utilities&quot;
local table_module = &quot;Module:table&quot;
local template_parser_module = &quot;Module:template parser&quot;
local usex_module = &quot;Module:usex/ceribandin&quot;
local usex_templates_module = &quot;Module:usex/templates&quot;
local utilities_module = &quot;Module:utilities&quot;
local yesno_module = &quot;Module:yesno&quot;

local concat = table.concat
local insert = table.insert
local new_title = mw.title.new
local remove = table.remove
local require = require
local sort = table.sort
local u = mw.ustring.char
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local umatch = mw.ustring.match
local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility

-- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets)
local SEMICOLON_SPACE = &quot;&amp;#59; &quot;
local SPACE_LBRAC = &quot; &amp;#91;&quot;
local RBRAC = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;

local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1)
local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2)
local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3)
local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4)
local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5)

local function apply_subst(...)
	apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst
	return apply_subst(...)
end

local function check_isbn(...)
	check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn
	return check_isbn(...)
end

local function check_issn(...)
	check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn
	return check_issn(...)
end

local function debug_track(...)
	debug_track = require(debug_track_module)
	return debug_track(...)
end

local function decode_entities(...)
	decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities
	return decode_entities(...)
end

local function embedded_language_links(...)
	embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links
	return embedded_language_links(...)
end

local function escape_wikicode(...)
	escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode
	return escape_wikicode(...)
end

local function find_best_script_without_lang(...)
	find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang
	return find_best_script_without_lang(...)
end

local function find_parameters(...)
	find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters
	return find_parameters(...)
end

local function format_categories(...)
	format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories
	return format_categories(...)
end

local function format_processed_labels(...)
	format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels
	return format_processed_labels(...)
end

local function format_qualifier(...)
	format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier
	return format_qualifier(...)
end

local function format_usex(...)
	format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex
	return format_usex(...)
end

local function get_lang(...)
	get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode
	return get_lang(...)
end

local function get_number(...)
	get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number
	return get_number(...)
end

local function get_script(...)
	get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode
	return get_script(...)
end

local function gsplit(...)
	gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit
	return gsplit(...)
end

local function page_should_be_ignored(...)
	page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored
	return page_should_be_ignored(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers
	return parse_inline_modifiers(...)
end

local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
	parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments
	return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...)
end

local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
	parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run
	return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...)
end

local function parse_term_with_lang(...)
	parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang
	return parse_term_with_lang(...)
end

local function pattern_escape(...)
	pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module)
	return pattern_escape(...)
end

local function pluralize(...)
	pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize
	return pluralize(...)
end

local function process_params(...)
	process_params = require(parameters_module).process
	return process_params(...)
end

local function remove_links(...)
	remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links
	return remove_links(...)
end

local function roman_to_arabic(...)
	roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic
	return roman_to_arabic(...)
end

local function replacement_escape(...)
	replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module)
	return replacement_escape(...)
end

local function scribunto_parameter_key(...)
	scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key
	return scribunto_parameter_key(...)
end

local function serial_comma_join(...)
	serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin
	return serial_comma_join(...)
end

local function shallow_copy(...)
	shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy
	return shallow_copy(...)
end

local function split(...)
	split = require(string_utilities_module).split
	return split(...)
end

local function split_alternating_runs(...)
	split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs
	return split_alternating_runs(...)
end

local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
	split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels
	return split_and_process_raw_labels(...)
end

local function split_on_comma(...)
	split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma
	return split_on_comma(...)
end

local function tag_text(...)
	tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text
	return tag_text(...)
end

local function tag_transcription(...)
	tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription
	return tag_transcription(...)
end

local function tag_translit(...)
	tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit
	return tag_translit(...)
end

local function ulen(...)
	ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len
	return ulen(...)
end

local function unitalicize_brackets(...)
	unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets
	return unitalicize_brackets(...)
end

local function upper(...)
	upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper
	return upper(...)
end

local function usub(...)
	usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub
	return usub(...)
end

local function yesno(...)
	yesno = require(yesno_module)
	return yesno(...)
end

local function track(page)
	debug_track(&quot;quote/&quot; .. page)
end

local function maintenance_line(text)
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;maintenance-line&quot;&gt;(' .. text .. &quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
end

local function isbn(text)
	return &quot;[[Special:BookSources/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot;|→ISBN]]&quot;
		.. check_isbn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISBN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]'
		)
end

local function issn(text)
	return &quot;[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/&quot;
		.. text
		.. &quot; →ISSN]&quot;
		.. check_issn(
			text,
			'&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:88%&quot;&gt;Invalid&amp;nbsp;ISSN&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]'
		)
end

local function lccn(text)
	text = text:gsub(&quot; &quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	if text:find(&quot;-&quot;) then
		-- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]]
		local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match(&quot;^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$&quot;)
		if prefix then
			if ulen(part2) &lt; 6 then
				part2 = (&quot;0&quot;):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2
			end
			text = prefix .. part1 .. part2
		end
	end
	return &quot;[https://lccn.loc.gov/&quot; .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. &quot; →LCCN]&quot;
end

local function format_date(text)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction(&quot;#formatdate&quot;, text, &quot;dmy&quot;)
end

-- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a
-- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs.
local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang)
	if not raw_lb then
		return nil
	end
	local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true}
	labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true}
	if labels ~= &quot;&quot; then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances
		return {labels}
	end
end

-- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the
-- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched.
local function format_langs(langs)
	local names = {}
	for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do
		names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName()
	end
	if #names == 1 then
		return names[1]
	end
	return serial_comma_join(names)
end

local function get_first_lang(langs)
	return langs[1] or get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
end

--[=[
Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים&lt;tr:Miryem&gt;. But we
exclude HTML entries with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}},
{{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters,
plus a colon, e.g. &lt;tr:...&gt;, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it.
The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as
foo&lt;q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}&gt; (if we end up supporting such modifiers).

Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes.
]=]
local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)
	return val:find(&quot;^[^&lt;]*&lt;%l*[^%l:]&quot;) or val:find(&quot;^%l+://&quot;)
end

local param_mods = {
	t = {
		-- &lt;t:...&gt; and &lt;gloss:...&gt; are aliases.
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	gloss = {},
	-- Kurmanji aliases of &lt;t:...&gt;/&lt;gloss:...&gt;.
	w = {
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	werger = {
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	tercime = {
		item_dest = &quot;gloss&quot;,
	},
	alt = {},
	-- Kurmanji alias of &lt;alt:...&gt;.
	cuda = {
		item_dest = &quot;alt&quot;,
	},
	tr = {},
	ts = {},
	subst = {},
	sc = {type = &quot;script&quot;},
	
	f = {
		convert = function(arg, parse_err)
			local prefix, val = arg:match(&quot;^(.-):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
			if not prefix then
				prefix = &quot;&quot;
				val = arg
			end
			local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match(&quot;^(.*)/(.-)$&quot;)
			if sc_code then
				sc = get_script(sc_code) or
					require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, &quot;script code&quot;, nil, &quot;not real lang&quot;)
			else
				tags = prefix
			end
			local quals
			if tags ~= &quot;&quot; then
				quals = split_on_comma(tags)
				for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do
					local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or get_script(qual)
					quals[i] = obj or qual
				end
			end
			return {
				quals = quals,
				sc = sc,
				val = val,
			}
		end,
		store = &quot;insert&quot;,
	},
	q = {},
	qq = {},
}

local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	local obj = {}
	if text:find(&quot;:[^ ]&quot;) or text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
		local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource
		obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource =
			parse_term_with_lang {
				term = text,
				parse_err = parse_err,
				paramname = paramname
			}
		-- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link
		-- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling
		-- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff
		-- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like
		-- munge % signs.
		if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) and not obj.text:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			-- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies &lt;alt:...&gt;, it will cause an error in
			-- parse_inline_modifiers().
			obj.display = display
		end
	else
		obj.text = text
		obj.link = text
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or
inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value
was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or
&lt;gloss:...&gt; inline modifier.

If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g.
'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف&lt;t:Author&gt;'), and the return value is an object with the following
fields:
  `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is
          given.
  `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers.
  `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`.
  `alt`: Display text specified using the &lt;alt:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise, nil.
  `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter.
  `sc`: The script object corresponding to the &lt;sc:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the &lt;tr:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the &lt;ts:...&gt; modifier, if given; otherwise nil.
  `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise
           the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt; modifiers if given, otherwise nil.
  `f`: Foreign versions of the text.
  `q`: Left qualifiers.
  `qq`: Right qualifiers.

Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '&lt;span class=&quot;Arab&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;', as
might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return
value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of
the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged.

This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately
script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers.
]=]
local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it, caused
	-- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having
	-- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a
	-- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script
	-- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big
	-- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the
	-- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even
	-- more.)
	if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
		return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss}
	end

	local obj
	if val:find(&quot;&lt;&quot;) then
		-- Check for inline modifier.
		obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, {
			paramname = fullname,
			param_mods = param_mods,
			generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text,
		})
	else
		obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname)
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		obj.gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return obj
end

local html_entity_char_to_replacement = {
	[&quot;&lt;&quot;] = TEMP_LT,
	[&quot;&gt;&quot;] = TEMP_GT,
	[&quot;[&quot;] = TEMP_LBRAC,
	[&quot;]&quot;] = TEMP_RBRAC,
}

local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code)
	-- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like)
	-- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get
	-- interpreted as a delimiter.
	local ch = decode_entities(entity)
	if ch ~= entity then
		return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON
	end
	-- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format.
	if hash == &quot;&quot; then
		-- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as
		-- invalid.
		return xcode:match(&quot;^[^\128-\255]+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	elseif x == &quot;&quot; then
		return xcode:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
	end
	return code:match(&quot;^%x+$&quot;) and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity
end

local html_entity_replacement_to_char = {
	[TEMP_LT] = &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_GT] = &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;,
	[TEMP_LBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#91;&quot;,
	[TEMP_RBRAC] = &quot;&amp;#93;&quot;,
	[TEMP_SEMICOLON] = &quot;;&quot;,
}

local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt)
	-- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char.
	return (txt:gsub(&quot;\239\191[\177-\181]&quot;, html_entity_replacement_to_char))
end

-- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]]
-- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no
-- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present)
-- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate
-- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter);
-- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a
-- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix).
local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement)
	local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname)
	if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then
		obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text)
		obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link)
	end
	return obj
end

--[=[
Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with
their own inline modifiers. Some examples:
* mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen
* author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson
* author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank
* author=G Ristori; et al.
* author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁&lt;t:Wang Xining&gt;
* editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯
* quotee=zh:張福運&lt;t:Chang Fu-yun&gt;; zh:張景文&lt;t:Chang Ching-wen&gt;

There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.:
* author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}]
* author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}})
* author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys

There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&amp;#93;
* 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp;amp; Sally Badham
* author=Peter Christen Asbj&amp;oslash;rnsen

There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them:
* author=&amp;#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&amp;#93;

In general we want to treat &amp;#91; like an opening bracket and &amp;#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be
mismatched:
* author=Anonymous &amp;#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}]

Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was
retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the &lt;t:...&gt; or &lt;gloss:...&gt;
inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If
`explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.)

Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text().
]=]
local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname)
	if not val then
		return nil
	end
	-- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated
	-- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or
	-- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. &quot;Entity&quot; can also refer to HTML
	-- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it.
	local splitchar, english_delim
	if val:find(&quot;^,&quot;) then
		splitchar = &quot;,&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;comma&quot;
		val = val:gsub(&quot;^,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	else
		splitchar = &quot;;&quot;
		english_delim = &quot;semicolon&quot;
	end

	-- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;]&quot;) then
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then
			return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}}
		else
			return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;)}
		end
	end

	-- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or
	-- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand
	-- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a
	-- delimiter).
	if not val:find(&quot;[&lt;&gt;%[%](){}&amp;]&quot;) then
		local entity_objs = {}
		for entity in gsplit(val, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;) do
			if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then
				insert(entity_objs, {
					text = entity,
					link = entity,
					noscript = true
				})
			else
				insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, &quot;no undo html entity replacement&quot;))
			end
		end
		return entity_objs
	end

	-- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers.
	local amp = val:find(&quot;&amp;&quot;, nil, true)
	if amp then
		-- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities
		-- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes.
		val = val:gsub(&quot;((&amp;(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)&quot;, html_entity_replacement)
	end
	-- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F).
	val = val:gsub(&quot;\226\128[\142\143]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

	-- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket
	-- as matching literal versions of the same characters.
	local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(
		val,
		{{&quot;[&quot; .. TEMP_LBRAC, &quot;]&quot; .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {&quot;(&quot;, &quot;)&quot;}, {&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;}, {&quot;&lt;&quot; .. TEMP_LT, &quot;&gt;&quot; .. TEMP_GT}},
		true
	)
	if type(entity_runs) == &quot;string&quot; then
		local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val)
		-- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off
		-- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears
		-- the text is already script-tagged).
		return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}}
	end

	-- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace.
	local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, &quot;%s*&quot; .. splitchar .. &quot;%s*&quot;)

	-- Process each value.
	local entity_objs = {}
	for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
		-- Rejoin runs that don't involve &lt;...&gt;.
		local j = 2
		while j &lt;= #entity_group do
			if not entity_group[j]:find(&quot;^&lt;.*&gt;$&quot;) then
				entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1]
				remove(entity_group, j)
				remove(entity_group, j)
			else
				j = j + 2
			end
		end

		local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group))
		-- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with &lt;span ...&gt;, &lt;i ...&gt;, &lt;br/&gt; or similar in it,
		-- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed
		-- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more.
		if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then
			insert(entity_objs, {
				text = oneval,
				link = oneval,
				noscript = true
			})
		else
			local obj
			if #entity_group &gt; 1 then
				-- Check for inline modifier.
				obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({
					group = entity_group,
					arg = oneval,
					props = {
						paramname = fullname,
						param_mods = param_mods,
						generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text,
					},
				})
			else
				obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname)
			end
			insert(entity_objs, obj)
		end
	end

	if explicit_gloss then
		if #entity_objs &gt; 1 then
			error(
				(
					&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the &lt;t:...&gt; &quot;
					.. &quot;inline modifier attached to the individual entities&quot;
				):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname)
			)
		end
		entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss
	end

	return entity_objs
end

--[=[
Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually
similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is
more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this:

TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS]

`textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further
wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a
similar function for the gloss.
]=]
local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobj then
		return nil
	end
	local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link
	local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss
	-- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a
	-- Wikipedia link is given.
	local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display

	if alt then
		if link:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) or link:find(&quot;%]%]&quot;) then
			local errmsg = (&quot;Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with &lt;alt:...&gt; text '%s'&quot;):format(link, alt)
			error(escape_wikicode(errmsg))
		end
		text = (&quot;[[%s|%s]]&quot;):format(link, alt)
	end

	-- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}.
	-- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in
	-- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language
	-- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration.
	if not textobj.noscript then
		local lang = textobj.lang
		-- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII.
		local sc = textobj.sc
			or lang and lang:findBestScript(text)
			or not text:find(&quot;^[ -~]$&quot;) and find_best_script_without_lang(text)
			or nil
		-- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription,
		-- as will be the case with simple ASCII values.
		if lang or sc or tr or ts then
			if not lang then
				lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
			end

			if tr == &quot;-&quot; then
				tr = nil
			elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find(&quot;Lat&quot;) then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn
				-- might return nil
				local text_for_tr = text
				if subst then
					text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst)
				else
					text_for_tr = remove_links(text)
				end

				tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc))
			end

			if text:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
				-- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents,
				-- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this
				-- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links
				-- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are
				-- embedded links present.
				text = embedded_language_links({
					term = text,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
			end
			if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
				text = tag_text(text, lang, sc)
			end

			if tr then
				-- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not
				-- likely to be a term that has an entry.
				tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
			if ts then
				ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, &quot;usex&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	text = unitalicize_brackets(text)
	if tag_text_func then
		text = tag_text_func(text)
	end

	local parts = {}

	if textobj.q then
		insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. &quot; &quot;)
	end

	insert(parts, text)

	if tr or ts or f or gloss then
		insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC)
		local subparts = {}
		if tr or ts then
			local tr_ts
			if ts then
				ts = &quot;/&quot; .. ts .. &quot;/&quot;
			end
			if tr and ts then
				tr_ts = tr .. &quot; &quot; .. ts
			else
				tr_ts = tr or ts
			end
			insert(subparts, tr_ts)
		end
		if f then
			for _, ff in ipairs(f) do
				local sc = ff.sc
				local lang
				if not sc and ff.quals then
					local qual = ff.quals[1]
					if type(qual) == &quot;string&quot; then
						-- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down
					elseif qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) then
						sc = qual
					else -- language
						sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val)
						lang = qual
					end
				end
				if not lang then
					lang = get_lang(&quot;und&quot;)
				end
				sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val)
				local val = embedded_language_links({
					term = ff.val,
					lang = lang,
					sc = sc,
				})
				if lang:getCode() ~= &quot;und&quot; or sc:getCode() ~= &quot;Latn&quot; then
					val = tag_text(val, lang, sc)
				end
				local qual_prefix
				if ff.quals then
					for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do
						if type(qual) ~= &quot;string&quot; and (qual:hasType(&quot;script&quot;) or qual:hasType(&quot;language&quot;)) then
							ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName()
						end
					end
					qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, &quot;/&quot;) .. &quot;: &quot;
				else
					qual_prefix = &quot;&quot;
				end
				insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val)
			end
		end
		if gloss then
			gloss = '&lt;span class=&quot;e-translation&quot;&gt;' .. gloss .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
			gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss)
			if tag_gloss_func then
				gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss)
			end
			insert(subparts, gloss)
		end
		insert(parts, concat(subparts, &quot;, &quot;))
		insert(parts, RBRAC)
	end

	if textobj.qq then
		insert(parts, &quot; &quot; .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq))
	end

	return concat(parts)
end

--[=[
Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the
multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(),
joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to &quot;, &quot;. It `delimiter` is &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;, join the results using
serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction.

`textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in
format_annotated_text().
]=]
local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	if not textobjs then
		return nil
	end
	if #textobjs == 1 then
		return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end
	
	-- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in &quot;, Jr.&quot;)
	local use_semicolon = false
	for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do
		-- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links
		if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(&quot;, &quot;) then
			use_semicolon = true
			break
		end
	end
	
	local n = #parts
	if n &gt; 0 and parts[n]:match(&quot;^'*et al[.']*$&quot;) then
		-- Special handling for 'et al.'
		parts[n] = &quot;''et al.''&quot;
		if n == 2 then
			-- author et al.
			return concat(parts, &quot; &quot;)
		else
			-- author 1, author 2, et al.
			return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;)
		end
		if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
			delimiter = &quot;, &quot;
		end
		return concat(parts, delimiter)
	end
	if delimiter == &quot;and&quot; or delimiter == &quot;or&quot; then
		return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter})
	end
	return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and &quot;; &quot;) or &quot;, &quot;))
end

-- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space.
local function ine(arg)
	if not arg then
		return nil
	elseif type(arg) ~= &quot;string&quot; then
		return arg
	end
	arg = mw.text.trim(arg)
	if arg == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	end
	return arg
end

local abbrs = {
	[&quot;a.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;a.&quot;, full = &quot;ante&quot;},
	[&quot;c.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;c.&quot;, full = &quot;circa&quot;},
	[&quot;p.&quot;] = {anchor = &quot;p.&quot;, full = &quot;post&quot;},
}

-- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec.
-- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found,
-- returns an empty string and the full date.
local function process_ante_circa_post(date)
	local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2)
	local abbr = abbrs[prefix]
	local abbr_prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if abbr then
		abbr_prefix = &quot;''[[Appendix:Glossary#&quot;
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. '|&lt;abbr title=&quot;'
			.. abbr.full
			.. '&quot;&gt;'
			.. abbr.anchor
			.. &quot;&lt;/abbr&gt;]]'' &quot;
		-- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter.
		date = ugsub(date, &quot;^%l%.%s*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	end

	return abbr_prefix, date
end

-- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following:
-- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date.
-- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given.
-- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range.
-- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given.
-- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given.
-- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date.
--
-- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if
-- `parampref` == &quot;orig&quot; and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=,
-- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is
-- &quot;_published&quot;, the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of
-- the range is |start_date_published=, etc.
--
-- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in
-- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to
-- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.).
--
-- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used.
--
-- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value.
--
-- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e.
-- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and
-- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given).
--
-- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category
-- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added
-- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil).
local function format_date_args(
	a,
	get_full_paramname,
	alias_map,
	parampref,
	paramsuf,
	bold_year,
	maintenance_line_no_date,
    year_last
)
	local output = {}

	parampref = parampref or &quot;&quot;
	paramsuf = paramsuf or &quot;&quot;
	local function getp(param)
		return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
	end
	local function pname(param)
		local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf)
		return alias_map[fullname] or fullname
	end

	-- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of
	-- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param)
		local language = mw.getContentLanguage()
		local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp)
		if ok then
			return date
		else
			-- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault.
			error(
				(
					&quot;Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the &quot;
					.. &quot;[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]&quot;
				):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp))
			)
		end
	end

	-- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following
	-- algorithm:
	-- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are
	--    given, the day shows up as 1.
	-- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given.
	-- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized
	--    letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not.
	--
	-- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched.
	local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param)
		local day = format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, timestamp, param)
		if day ~= &quot;1&quot; then
			return true
		end
		local english_month = timestamp:find(&quot;%u&quot;)
		local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub(&quot;%D+&quot;, &quot; &quot;)))
		local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, &quot; &quot;, true)
		local saw_one = false
		for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do
			if num == &quot;1&quot; or num == &quot;01&quot; then
				saw_one = true
				break
			end
		end
		if not saw_one then
			return false
		end
		return #seen_nums &gt;= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums &gt;= 2
	end

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include
	-- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param
	-- from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;j F&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and &quot;F j&quot; or &quot;F&quot;
		if year_last then
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August '''2023'''&quot; (or &quot;August '''2023'''&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; '''Y'''&quot;, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;3 August 2023&quot; (or &quot;August 2023&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. &quot; Y&quot;, date, date_param)
			end
		else
			if bold_year then
				-- This formats like &quot;'''2023''' August 3&quot; (or &quot;'''2023''' August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;'''Y''' &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			else
				-- This formats like &quot;2023 August 3&quot; (or &quot;2023 August&quot; if day not explicitly given).
				return format_date_with_code(&quot;Y &quot; .. month_day_code, date, date_param)
			end
		end
	end

	-- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't
	-- accept the formats &quot;monthday monthname, year&quot; or &quot;year monthname monthday&quot;, but outputs garbage when it receives
	-- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for
	-- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which
	-- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See:
	-- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]]
	-- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]]
	-- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in &quot;date&quot;;
	-- `parampref` is the prefix added to &quot;date&quot; to get the parameter name.
	local function fix_date(date, param_pref)
		if tonumber(date) ~= nil then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		elseif date and date:find(&quot;%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$&quot;) then
			error(
				(&quot;|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year&quot;):format(
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;date&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;month&quot;),
					pname(param_pref .. &quot;year&quot;)
				)
			)
		end
		if date then
			-- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues
			local fixed_date = ugsub(date, &quot;, *&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
			return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, &quot;(%d+ %a+),&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;), &quot;^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$&quot;, &quot;%2 %1&quot;))
		end
	end

	local start_date, date = fix_date(getp(&quot;start_date&quot;), &quot;start_&quot;), fix_date(getp(&quot;date&quot;), &quot;&quot;)
	local year = getp(&quot;year&quot;)
	local month = getp(&quot;month&quot;)
	local start_year = getp(&quot;start_year&quot;)
	local start_month = getp(&quot;start_month&quot;)

	if date and year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;date&quot;), pname(&quot;year&quot;)))
	end
	if date and month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if start_date and start_year then
		error((&quot;Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified&quot;):format(pname(&quot;start_date&quot;), pname(&quot;start_year&quot;)))
	end
	if start_date and start_month then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;)
			)
		)
	end
	if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then
		error(
			(&quot;|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s=&quot;):format(
				pname(&quot;start_date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;start_month&quot;),
				pname(&quot;date&quot;),
				pname(&quot;year&quot;),
				pname(&quot;month&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	local dash = &quot;&amp;nbsp;– &quot;

	local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, &quot;date&quot;)
	local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)

	-- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or
	-- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based
	-- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already.
	-- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages.
	local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		if date then
			return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param)
		else
			-- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface.
			if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find(&quot;'''&quot;) then
				-- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current
				-- year (if we're dealing with start_year).
				yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj)
				yearobj.text = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.text .. &quot;'''&quot;
				if yearobj.alt then
					yearobj.alt = &quot;'''&quot; .. yearobj.alt .. &quot;'''&quot;
				end
			end
			if year_last then
				return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. &quot; &quot; or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(yearobj)
			else
				return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and &quot; &quot; .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or &quot;&quot;)
			end
		end
	end

	local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname(&quot;year&quot;))
	local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname(&quot;month&quot;))
	local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname(&quot;start_year&quot;))
	local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname(&quot;start_month&quot;))

	if start_yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text)
		start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	elseif yearobj then
		local abbr_prefix
		abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text)
		yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link))
		insert(output, abbr_prefix)
	end

	if start_date or start_year then
		local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;)
		local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, date, &quot;date&quot;) or nil
		local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code(&quot;Y&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
		local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text
			or start_date and format_date_with_code(&quot;F&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
		local beg_day = start_date
				and start_day_explicitly_given
				and format_date_with_code(&quot;j&quot;, start_date, &quot;start_date&quot;)
			or nil
	
		if year_last then
			if beg_day then
				insert(output, beg_day .. &quot; &quot; .. beg_month)
			else
				insert(output, beg_month)
			end
			if beg_year ~= cur_year then
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. beg_year)
            end
		else
			insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(
				start_date,
				start_yearobj,
				start_monthobj,
				start_day_explicitly_given,
				&quot;start_date&quot;
			))
		end
	
	    if cur_year ~= beg_year then
			-- Different years; insert current date in full.
			if beg_month or cur_month then
				insert(output, dash)
			else
	            insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
	        end
	        insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
		elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then
			local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month
			-- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day.
			if cur_day then
				insert(output, dash)
				if year_last then
					insert(output, cur_day .. &quot; &quot; .. month_ins)
				else
					insert(output, month_ins .. &quot; &quot; .. cur_day)
				end
			else
				if beg_day then
					insert(output, dash)
				else
					insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
				end
				insert(output, month_ins)
			end
		elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then
			-- Same year and month but different days; insert current day.
			insert(output, &quot;–&quot;)
			insert(output, cur_day)
		else
			-- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and
			-- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error?
		end
		if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then
        	if cur_month then
        		insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	else
            	insert(output, &quot; &quot; .. cur_year)
        	end
        end
	elseif date or yearobj then
		insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, &quot;date&quot;))
	elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then
		-- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle.
		return nil, nil
	elseif not getp(&quot;nodate&quot;) then
		local accessdate = getp(&quot;accessdate&quot;)
		if accessdate then
			local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, &quot;accessdate&quot;)
			insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, &quot;accessdate&quot;) .. &quot; (last accessed)&quot;)
		else
			if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then
				return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true
			end
			return nil, nil
		end
	end

	return ine(concat(output)), nil
end

local function tag_with_cite(txt)
	return &quot;&lt;cite&gt;&quot; .. txt .. &quot;&lt;/cite&gt;&quot;
end

-- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this
-- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}).
function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls)
	local tracking_categories = {}

	local argslang = args[1] or args.lang
	if not argslang then
		-- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and
		-- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions.
		-- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking
		-- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been
		-- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful
		-- to use a maintenance line than signal an error.
		local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then
			require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1)
		end
	end

	-- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an
	-- alias).
	local function alias(param)
		return alias_map[param] or param
	end

	-- Wrap contributor names (authors, editors, translators, compilers, etc.) and the bolded publication year in a
	-- span so they can be styled distinctly (e.g. Kurdish Wiktionary's &quot;j-pewist&quot; highlighting).
	local function j_lazim(text)
		if not text then
			return nil
		end
		return '&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;' .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;
	end

	local output, sep = {}
	local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {}

	-- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the
	-- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that
	-- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the &quot;newversion&quot; code (ind ~= &quot;&quot;), and
	-- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a
	-- separating comma because the preceding text will say &quot;republished &quot; or &quot;republished as &quot; or &quot;translated as &quot; or
	-- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator
	-- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting
	-- to &quot;, &quot;), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text.
	local function add(text)
		if sep then
			insert(output, sep)
		end
		insert(output, text)
		sep = nil
	end
	local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep)
		add(text)
		sep = next_sep or &quot;, &quot;
	end

	-- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient.

	-- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;last&quot;).
	-- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=,
	-- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.).
	local function make_get_full_paramname(ind)
		return function(param)
			return param .. ind
		end
	end
	-- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above).
	-- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have
	-- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once.
	local get_full_paramname
	-- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added),
	-- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch
	-- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which
	-- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a_with_name(param)
		if not param then
			return nil
		elseif type(param) ~= &quot;table&quot; then
			local fullname = get_full_paramname(param)
			return args[fullname], alias(fullname)
		end
		for _, par in ipairs(param) do
			local val, fullname = a_with_name(par)
			if val then
				return val, alias(fullname)
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
	-- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base
	-- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned.
	local function a(param)
		return (a_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl_with_name(param)
		local value, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		if value and value:find(&quot; &quot;) and not value:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
			error((&quot;URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s&quot;):format(fullname, value))
		end
		return value, fullname
	end
	-- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's.
	local function aurl(param)
		return (aurl_with_name(param))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second
	-- return value.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have
	-- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string.
	-- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see
	-- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g.
	-- wrap in &lt;cite&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss.
	local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two
	-- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		local val, fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname)
		local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0
		return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs
	end

	-- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may
	-- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a
	-- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in
	-- format_multivalued_annotated_text().
	local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)
		return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func))
	end

	-- This determines whether to display &quot;Mary Bloggs, transl.&quot; (if there's no author preceding) or &quot;translated by
	-- Mary Bloggs&quot; (if there's an author preceding).
	local author_outputted = false

	-- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title
	-- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed
	local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false
	local function add_date(no_paren)
		if not date_outputted then
			if no_paren then
				sep = &quot;, &quot;
			else
				sep = &quot; &quot;
			end
			if formatted_date then
				if no_paren then
					add(formatted_date)
				else
					add(&quot;(&quot; .. formatted_date .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
			if formatted_origdate then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
			end
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
			date_outputted = true
		end
	end

	local function is_anonymous(val)
		return val:match(&quot;^[Aa]nonymous$&quot;) or val:match(&quot;^[Aa]non%.?$&quot;)
	end

	-- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split
	-- among various parameters):
	-- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. &quot;author&quot;, &quot;author2&quot; or &quot;2ndauthor&quot;), and `author_fullname` is
	--   the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and
	--   `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter);
	-- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`,
	--    and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of
	--    the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such
	--    parameter);
	-- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-first&quot;), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter);
	-- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full
	--    parameter name holding that value;
	-- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name
	--    (e.g. &quot;trans-last&quot;), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for
	--    no such parameter).
	-- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as &quot;last, first&quot;
	local function add_author(
		author,
		author_fullname,
		trans_author,
		trans_author_fullname,
		authorlink,
		authorlink_fullname,
		trans_authorlink,
		trans_authorlink_fullname,
		first,
		first_fullname,
		trans_first,
		trans_first_fullname,
		last,
		last_fullname,
		trans_last,
		trans_last_fullname,
		last_first
	)
		local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param)
			if authorlink then
				if authorlink:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in |%s=%s&quot;):format(authorlink_param, authorlink))
				end
				if txt:find(&quot;%[%[&quot;) then
					error((&quot;Can't specify links in %s=%s&quot;):format(txtparam, txt))
				end
				return &quot;[[w:&quot; .. authorlink .. &quot;|&quot; .. txt .. &quot;]]&quot;
			else
				return txt
			end
		end

		local num_authorobjs
		if author then
			local authorobjs =
				parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname)
			num_authorobjs = #authorobjs
			if num_authorobjs == 1 then
				if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then
					authorobjs[1].text = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
					authorobjs[1].link = &quot;anonymous author&quot;
				end
				if authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
					authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].link,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then
					authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url(
						authorobjs[1].gloss,
						(&quot;&lt;t:...&gt; in |%s&quot;):format(author_fullname),
						trans_authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. trans_author_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)))
			elseif trans_authorlink then
				error(
					(
						&quot;Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the &quot;
						.. &quot;&lt;t:...&gt; inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly &quot;
						.. &quot;in the value of the inline modifier&quot;
					):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname)
				)
			else
				-- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills
				-- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it
				-- all.
				local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)
				if authorlink then
					formatted_text = make_author_with_url(
						formatted_text,
						&quot;|&quot; .. author_fullname,
						authorlink,
						&quot;|&quot; .. authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
				add(j_lazim(formatted_text))
			end
		else
			num_authorobjs = 1
			-- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script
			-- authors separated this way and probably never will.
			if first then
				if last_first then
					author = last .. &quot;, &quot; .. first
				else
					author = first .. &quot; &quot; .. last
				end
			else
				author = last
			end
			if authorlink then
				local authorparam = first and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or &quot;|&quot; .. last_fullname
				author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname)
			end
			local trans_author
			if trans_last then
				if trans_first then
					trans_author = trans_first .. &quot; &quot; .. trans_last
				else
					trans_author = trans_last
				end
				if trans_authorlink then
					local trans_authorparam = trans_first
							and (&quot;|%s |%s&quot;):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname)
						or &quot;|&quot; .. trans_last_fullname
					trans_author = make_author_with_url(
						trans_author,
						trans_authorparam,
						trans_authorlink,
						trans_authorlink_fullname
					)
				end
			end
			add(j_lazim(author))
			if trans_author then
				add(SPACE_LBRAC)
				add(trans_author)
				add(RBRAC)
			end
		end

		author_outputted = true

		return num_authorobjs
	end

	local function add_authorlike(
		param,
		prefix_with_preceding_authors,
		suffix_without_preceding_authors,
		suffix_if_multiple,
		anonymous_suffix
	)
		local delimiter = author_outputted and &quot;and&quot; or &quot;, &quot;
		local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter)
		if not entities then
			return
		end
		if is_anonymous(entities) then
			-- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as &quot;anonymous translator&quot; or similar. If a specific
			-- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix.
			if not anonymous_suffix then
				local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#32;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#160;&quot;, &quot; &quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#91;&quot;, &quot;[&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;&amp;#93;&quot;, &quot;]&quot;)
				cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix)
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^, (.*)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%((.*)%)$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = &quot; &quot; .. cleaned_suffix:match(&quot;^%[(.*)%]$&quot;)
				end
				if not anonymous_suffix then
					anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(j_lazim(&quot;anonymous&quot; .. anonymous_suffix))
		else
			entities = j_lazim(entities)
			if prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then
				add_with_sep(prefix_with_preceding_authors .. entities)
			elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities &gt; 1 then
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple)
			else
				add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors)
			end
		end
		author_outputted = true
	end

	local function add_authorlabel()
		local default_authorlabel = a(&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;)
		if default_authorlabel and yesno(a(&quot;authorlabel&quot;), true) then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; &quot; .. default_authorlabel)
		end
	end

	local function has_new_title_or_author()
		return args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;]
			or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;]
			or args.chapter2
			or args.title2
			or args.tlr2
			or args.mainauthor2
			or args.editor2
			or args.editors2
			or args.compiler2
			or args.compilers2
			or args.director2
			or args.directors2
	end

	local function has_newversion()
		return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author()
	end

	-- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. &quot;chapter&quot; or
	-- &quot;section&quot;. If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for
	-- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with
	-- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == &quot;chapter&quot;):
	-- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter.
	-- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier &lt;t:...&gt;).
	-- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=).
	-- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the &quot;chapter &quot; prefix isn't added.
	-- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series).
	-- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=).
	--
	-- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value.
	local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix)
		local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param)
		local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. &quot;_number&quot;)
		local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		if chap_num and chap_plain then
			error((&quot;Specify only one of |%s= or %s=&quot;):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname))
		end
		local chap_series, chap_series_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_series&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname =
			parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. &quot;_seriesvolume&quot;)
		if chap_series then
			chap_series = &quot;, &quot; .. chap_series
		end
		if chap_seriesvolume then
			if not chap_series then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without %s=&quot;):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname))
			end
			chap_series = chap_series .. &quot; (&quot; .. chap_seriesvolume .. &quot;)&quot;
		end

		local chapterurl
		local function make_chapter_with_url(chap)
			if chapterurl then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. chapterurl .. &quot; &quot; .. chap .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return chap
			end
		end
		
		if not chap then
			if chap_num then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly&quot;):format(
						chap_num_fullname,
						chap_fullname,
						chap_fullname
					)
				)
			end
			if chap_plain then
				chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)
				return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or &quot;&quot;))
			end
			return nil
		end

		local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub(&quot;&lt;sup&gt;[^&lt;&gt;]*&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;):gsub(&quot;[*+#]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		chapterurl = aurl(param .. &quot;url&quot;)

		local formatted

		if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then
			-- Arabic chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap)
		elseif
			numeric_prefix
			and cleaned_chap:match(&quot;^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$&quot;)
			and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true)
			and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman)
		then
			-- Roman chapter number
			formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap))
		else
			-- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like &quot;mil&quot; and &quot;dill&quot;)
			if chap:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
				chap = chap:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
			end

			-- Must be a chapter name
			local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a(&quot;trans-&quot; .. param))
			chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text)
			chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link)
			formatted = (textual_prefix or &quot;&quot;) .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or &quot;&quot;)
		end

		if chap_num or chap_plain then
			-- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified.
			formatted = formatted .. &quot; (&quot; .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. &quot;)&quot;
		end
		if chap_series then
			formatted = formatted .. chap_series
		end

		return formatted
	end

	-- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column,
	-- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to
	-- handle a &quot;newversion&quot; citation. `ind` is either &quot;&quot; for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a
	-- &quot;newversion&quot; citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value.
	local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite)
		get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind)

		if author_outputted then
			add_authorlabel()
		end

		local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		coauthors = j_lazim(coauthors)
		if coauthors then
			local with_prefix = &quot;&quot;
			if author_outputted then
				with_prefix = &quot;with &quot;
				if num_authors == 1 then
					sep = &quot; &quot;
				end
			end
			add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors)
			author_outputted = true
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;quoting &quot;, &quot;, quotee&quot;, &quot;, quotees&quot;)

		if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then
			add_date()
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		add_authorlike(&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

		local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed)
			local sgparam = noun
			local plparam = noun .. &quot;s&quot;
			local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam)
			local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam)
			if sgval and plval then
				error((&quot;Can't specify both |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname))
			end
			if sgval or plval then
				local verbed_by = verbed .. &quot; by &quot;
				local comma_sgnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun
				local comma_plnoun = &quot;, &quot; .. noun .. &quot;s&quot;
				add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun)
				add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun)
			end
		end

		local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike(&quot;entry&quot;, nil, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)
		local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike(&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;chapter &quot;, &quot;“&quot;, &quot;”&quot;)

		local function add_entry()
			if formatted_entry then
				add_with_sep(formatted_entry)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				else
					author_outputted = true
				end
				formatted_entry = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_chapter()
			add_entry()

			if formatted_chapter then
				add_with_sep(formatted_chapter)
				if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
					add(&quot;in &quot;)
					author_outputted = false
				end
				formatted_chapter = nil
			end
		end

		local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite)
			local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;role&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
			role = j_lazim(role)
			local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;actor&quot;)
			local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname)
			local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, &quot;and&quot;)
			actor = j_lazim(actor)

			if format_as_cite then
				if role then
					if actor then
						add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; as &quot;)
					end
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(role)
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			else
				if role then
					add_with_sep(&quot;spoken by &quot; .. role)
					if actor then
						sep = nil
						add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. actor .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				elseif actor then
					add_with_sep(actor .. &quot; (&quot; .. (#actor_objs &gt; 1 and &quot;actors&quot; or &quot;actor&quot;) .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if format_as_cite then
			if date_outputted then
				add_chapter()
			end

			local output_len = #output

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
			end

			-- quote-* templates display &quot;jobbed by name&quot; after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag
			author_outputted = false

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)
			author_outputted = false

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
			add_actor_role(&quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

			-- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed
			-- and we can print the date
			if output_len ~= #output then
				author_outputted = true
				add_date()
			end

			add_chapter()
		else
			add_chapter()

			local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;mainauthor&quot;)
			mainauthor = j_lazim(mainauthor)
			if mainauthor then
				add_with_sep(mainauthor)
				author_outputted = true
			end

			add_authorlike(&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translated by &quot;, &quot;, transl.&quot;, nil, &quot; translator&quot;)

			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edited&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;compiled&quot;)
			add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(&quot;director&quot;, &quot;directed&quot;)

			add_authorlike(&quot;lyricist&quot;, nil, &quot; (lyrics)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyricist&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, nil, &quot; (translation)&quot;, nil, &quot; lyrics translator&quot;)
			add_authorlike(&quot;composer&quot;, nil, &quot; (music)&quot;, nil, &quot; composer&quot;)
		end

		local title, title_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;title&quot;)
		local need_comma = false
		if title then
			local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a(&quot;trans-title&quot;))
			add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite))
			local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;series&quot;)
			if series then
				add(&quot; (&quot; .. series)
				local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;seriesvolume&quot;)
				if seriesvolume then
					add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume)
				end
				add(&quot;)&quot;)
			end
			need_comma = true
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			if not a(&quot;notitle&quot;) then
				add(maintenance_line(&quot;Please provide the book title or journal name&quot;))
				need_comma = true
			end
		end

		local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
		local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;urls&quot;)
		if url and urls then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname))
		end
		local function verify_title_supplied(url_name)
			-- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time.
			-- if not title then
				-- error((&quot;If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied&quot;):format(url_name, title_fullname))
			-- end
		end
		if archiveurl or url then
			verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;[&quot; .. (archiveurl or url) .. &quot;]&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		elseif urls then
			verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname)
			sep = nil
			add(&quot;&amp;lrm;&lt;sup&gt;&quot; .. urls .. &quot;&lt;/sup&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang
		if format_as_cite and ind == &quot;&quot; and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then
			local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
			if lang then
				local langcode = lang:getCode()
				if not (langcode == &quot;und&quot; or langcode == &quot;en&quot;) then
					local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang)
					if langs then
						add(&quot; (in &quot; .. langs .. &quot;)&quot;)
					end
				end
			end
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition&quot;)
		local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(&quot;edition_plain&quot;)
		if edition and edition_plain then
			error((&quot;Supply only one of |%s= and |%s=&quot;):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname))
		end
		if edition then
			add_with_sep(edition .. &quot; edition&quot;)
		end
		if edition_plain then
			add_with_sep(edition_plain)
		end

		-- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually
		-- recognized, e.g. for paramname == &quot;page&quot;, the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized
		-- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if
		-- ind == &quot;2&quot;). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given.
		-- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly
		-- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a
		-- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word &quot; and &quot;), it is prefixed
		-- by `singular_desc` + &quot;s&quot; (e.g. &quot;pages &quot;), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. &quot;page &quot;).
		-- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is
		-- &quot;unnumbered page&quot;.) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case
		-- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers
		-- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately.
		local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			local sgval = a_with_name(paramname)
			local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname)
			local plparamname = paramname .. &quot;s&quot;
			local plval = a_with_name(plparamname)
			local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname)
			local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. &quot;_plain&quot;)

			local numspec
			if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then
				return
			elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then
				error((&quot;Can't specify &quot; .. plain_fullname .. &quot; with &quot; .. paramname .. &quot; or &quot; .. plparamname))
			elseif sgval and plval then
				-- if both singular and plural, display &quot;page 1 of 1-10&quot;
				numspec = singular_desc .. &quot; &quot; .. sgval .. &quot; of &quot; .. plval
			else
				-- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions.
				if plainval then
					numspec = plainval
				else
					local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text
					if val == &quot;unnumbered&quot; then
						numspec = &quot;unnumbered &quot; .. singular_desc
					else
						local desc
						if val:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							val = val:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc)
						else
							local check_val = val
							if check_val:find(&quot;%[&quot;) then
								check_val = remove_links(check_val)
								-- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value
								check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
							end
							-- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;^%-&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
							-- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;ndash;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8211;&quot;, &quot;–&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							check_val = check_val:gsub(&quot;&amp;#8212;&quot;, &quot;—&quot;)
							-- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b)
							-- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators).
							if
								umatch(check_val, &quot;[–—]&quot;)
								or check_val:find(&quot; and &quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+&quot;)
								or check_val:match(&quot;%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+&quot;)
							then
								desc = pluralize(singular_desc)
							else
								desc = singular_desc
							end
						end
						local obj = sgobj or plobj
						obj.text = val
						if obj.link:find(&quot;^!&quot;) then
							obj.link = obj.link:gsub(&quot;^!&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
						end
						val = format_annotated_text(obj)
						numspec = desc .. &quot; &quot; .. val
					end
				end
			end
			local url = a(paramname .. &quot;url&quot;)
			if url then
				return &quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; &quot; .. numspec .. &quot;]&quot;
			else
				return numspec
			end
		end

		local volume = format_numeric_param(&quot;volume&quot;, a(&quot;volume_prefix&quot;) or &quot;volume&quot;)
		if volume then
			add_with_sep(volume)
		end

		local issue = format_numeric_param(&quot;issue&quot;, a(&quot;issue_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if issue then
			add_with_sep(issue)
		end

		-- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number)
		local number = format_numeric_param(&quot;number&quot;, a(&quot;number_prefix&quot;) or &quot;number&quot;)
		if number then
			add_with_sep(number)
		end

		local annotations = {}
		local genre = a(&quot;genre&quot;)
		if genre then
			insert(annotations, genre)
		end
		local format = a(&quot;format&quot;)
		if format then
			insert(annotations, format)
		end
		local medium = a(&quot;medium&quot;)
		if medium then
			insert(annotations, medium)
		end

		-- Now handle the display of language annotations like &quot;(in French)&quot; or
		-- &quot;(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)&quot;.
		local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang
		if not quotelang then
			if ind == &quot;&quot; then
				-- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown
				-- above.
				insert(annotations, maintenance_line(&quot;Please specify the language of the quote using |1=&quot;))
			else
				-- do nothing in newversion= portion
			end
		elseif ind == &quot;&quot; then
			local worklang = a(&quot;worklang&quot;)
			local termlang = a(&quot;termlang&quot;)
			worklang = worklang or quotelang
			termlang = termlang or quotelang

			if worklang == quotelang then
				if worklang == termlang then
					-- do nothing
				else
					insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
			else
				if quotelang ~= termlang then
					insert(annotations, &quot;quotation in &quot; .. format_langs(quotelang))
				end
				insert(annotations, &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(worklang))
			end
		else
			local lang2 = a(&quot;lang2&quot;)
			if lang2 then
				insert(annotations, &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(lang2))
			end
		end

		if #annotations &gt; 0 then
			sep = nil
			add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
		end

		local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		artist = j_lazim(artist)
		if artist then
			add_with_sep(&quot;performed by &quot; .. artist)
		end

		local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		feat = j_lazim(feat)
		if feat then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
			add_with_sep(&quot;ft. &quot; .. feat)
		end

		if not format_as_cite then
			add_actor_role()
		end

		local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;others&quot;)
		others = j_lazim(others)
		if others then
			add_with_sep(others)
		end
		local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;quoted_in&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		if quoted_in then
			add_with_sep(&quot;quoted in &quot; .. quoted_in)
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using quoted-in parameter&quot;)
		end

		local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;location&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;; &quot;)
		if publisher then
			if location then
				add_with_sep(location) -- colon
				sep = &quot;&amp;#58; &quot; -- colon
			end
			add_with_sep(publisher)
		elseif location then
			add_with_sep(location)
		end

		if not date_outputted then
			add_date(&quot;no_paren&quot;)
		end

		local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;source&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if source then
			add_with_sep(&quot;sourced from &quot; .. source)
		end

		local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;original&quot;, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)
		local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;by&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		by = j_lazim(by)
		local origtype = a(&quot;deriv&quot;) or &quot;translation&quot;
		if original or by then
			add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of &quot; .. (original or &quot;original&quot;) .. (by and &quot; by &quot; .. by or &quot;&quot;))
		end

		-- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly
		-- given.
		local origlang = a(&quot;origlang&quot;)
		local origworklang = a(&quot;origworklang&quot;)
		local origlangtext, origworklangtext
		if origlang then
			origlangtext = &quot;in &quot; .. format_langs(origlang)
		end
		if origworklang then
			origworklangtext = &quot;overall work in &quot; .. format_langs(origworklang)
		end
		if origlang or origworklang then
			if original or by then
				local orig_annotations = {}
				if origlangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext)
				end
				if origworklangtext then
					insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext)
				end
				sep = nil
				add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. &quot;)&quot;)
			else
				add_with_sep(origtype .. &quot; of original&quot; .. (origlangtext and &quot; &quot; .. origlangtext or &quot;&quot;))
				if origworklangtext then
					sep = nil
					add_with_sep(&quot; (&quot; .. origworklangtext .. &quot;)&quot;)
				end
			end
		end

		if ind ~= &quot;&quot; and has_newversion() then
			local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, nil, &quot;Please provide a date or year&quot;, true)
			if formatted_new_date then
				add_with_sep(formatted_new_date)
			end
		end
		
		-- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately.
		local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;, nil, nil, true)
		local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;and&quot;)
		if formatted_date_published then
			add_with_sep(&quot;published &quot; .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and &quot; via &quot; .. platform or &quot;&quot;))
		elseif platform then
			add_with_sep(&quot;via &quot; .. platform)
		end

		-- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we
		-- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma.
		sep = nil

		local function small(txt)
			add(&quot;, &lt;small&gt;&quot;)
			add(txt)
			add(&quot;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;)
		end

		-- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params`
		-- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value
		-- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()),
		-- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`,
		-- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font.
		local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process)
			local val = a(param_or_params)
			if val then
				val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val)
				small(pretext .. val .. posttext)
			end
		end

		add_identifier(&quot;bibcode&quot;, &quot;[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/&quot;, &quot; →Bibcode]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;doi&quot;, '&lt;span class=&quot;neverexpand&quot;&gt;[https://doi.org/', &quot; →DOI]&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, isbn)
		add_identifier(&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, issn)
		add_identifier(&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/&quot;, &quot; →JSTOR]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, lccn)
		add_identifier(&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/&quot;, &quot; →OCLC]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL&quot;, &quot;/ →OL]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;, &quot; →PMID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/&quot;, &quot;/ →PMCID]&quot;)
		add_identifier(&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;[https://ssrn.com/abstract=&quot;, &quot; →SSRN]&quot;)
		-- add_identifier(&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, urn)
		local id = a(&quot;id&quot;)
		if id then
			small(id)
		end

		archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;archiveurl&quot;)
		if archiveurl then
			add(&quot;, archived from &quot;)
			local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name(&quot;url&quot;)
			if not url then
				-- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at
				-- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's
				url = archiveurl:match(&quot;/(https?:.*)$&quot;)
				if not url then
					error(
						(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname)
					)
				end
			end
			add(&quot;[&quot; .. url .. &quot; the original] on &quot;)
			local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name(&quot;archivedate&quot;)
			if archivedate then
				add(format_date(archivedate))
			elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == &quot;https://web.archive.org/web/&quot; then
				-- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date
				-- Get the date and format it
				local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7)
				wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6)
					.. &quot;-&quot;
					.. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8)
				add(format_date(wayback_date))
			else
				error(
					(&quot;When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included&quot;):format(
						archiveurl_fullname,
						archivedate_fullname
					)
				)
			end
		end
		if a(&quot;accessdate&quot;) then
			--Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier.
			if (a(&quot;date&quot;) or a(&quot;nodate&quot;) or a(&quot;year&quot;)) and not a(&quot;archivedate&quot;) then
				add(&quot;, retrieved &quot; .. format_date(a(&quot;accessdate&quot;)))
			end
		end

		local formatted_section = format_chapterlike(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;section &quot;)
		if formatted_section then
			add(&quot;, &quot;)
			add(formatted_section)
		end

		-- video game stuff
		local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;system&quot;)
		if system then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. system)
		end
		local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;scene&quot;)
		if scene then
			add(&quot;, scene: &quot; .. scene)
		end
		local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;level&quot;)
		if level then
			add(&quot;, level/area: &quot; .. level)
		end

		local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note&quot;)
		if note then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. note)
		end

		local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;note_plain&quot;)
		if note_plain then
			add(&quot; &quot; .. note_plain)
		end

		-- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text.
		local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext)
			local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc)
			if numspec then
				add((pretext or &quot;&quot;) .. numspec)
			end
		end

		handle_numeric_param(&quot;page&quot;, a(&quot;page_prefix&quot;) or &quot;page&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;column&quot;, a(&quot;column_prefix&quot;) or &quot;column&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		handle_numeric_param(&quot;line&quot;, a(&quot;line_prefix&quot;) or &quot;line&quot;, &quot;, &quot;)
		-- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=?
		local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text(&quot;other&quot;)
		if other then
			add(&quot;, &quot; .. other)
		end
	end

	local function add_authors(args, last_first)
		-- Find maximum indexed author or last name.
		local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex)
		-- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params.
		local ancillary_params =
			{&quot;trans-author&quot;, &quot;authorlink&quot;, &quot;trans-authorlink&quot;, &quot;first&quot;, &quot;trans-first&quot;, &quot;trans-last&quot;}
		for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
			maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex)
		end

		local num_authors = 0
		for i = 1, maxind do
			local ind = i == 1 and &quot;&quot; or i
			local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i]
			if author or last then
				local this_num_authors = add_author(
					author,
					&quot;author&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-author&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-author&quot; .. ind,
					args.authorlink[i],
					&quot;authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-authorlink&quot; .. ind,
					args.first[i],
					&quot;first&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-first&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-first&quot; .. ind,
					last,
					&quot;last&quot; .. ind,
					args[&quot;trans-last&quot;][i],
					&quot;trans-last&quot; .. ind,
					last_first
				)
				num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors
				sep = last_first and &quot;; &quot; or &quot;, &quot;
			else
				for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do
					if args[cant_have][i] then
						error((&quot;Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s=&quot;):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind))
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return num_authors
	end

	local function add_newversion()
		-- If there's a &quot;newversion&quot; section, add the new-version text.
		if has_newversion() then
			sep = nil
			--Test for new version of work.
			add(SEMICOLON_SPACE)
			if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. &quot;quoted in&quot; or &quot;republished as&quot;.
				add(args.newversion)
			elseif not args.edition2 then
				if has_new_title_or_author() then
					add(&quot;republished as&quot;)
				else
					add(&quot;republished&quot;)
				end
			end
			add(&quot; &quot;)
			return &quot;&quot;
		else
			return &quot;, &quot;
		end
	end

	------------------- Now we start outputting text ----------------------

	local need_comma = false

	-- Set this now so a() works just below.
	get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(&quot;&quot;)

	if args.brackets then
		add(&quot;[&quot;)
	end

	bold_year = not format_as_cite
	year_last = format_as_cite

	formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args(
		a,
		get_full_paramname,
		alias_map,
		nil,
		nil,
		bold_year,
		&quot;Can we [[:Category:Requests for date|date]] this quote?&quot;,
		year_last
	)
	-- format_date_args bolds the year here (via bold_year = not format_as_cite), so this is the only date variable
	-- we wrap; origdate=, date_published= and the newversion date are left unwrapped.
	formatted_date = j_lazim(formatted_date)

	-- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately.
	formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, &quot;orig&quot;, nil, nil, nil, year_last)

	local num_authors, need_date
	if format_as_cite then
		num_authors = add_authors(args, &quot;last_first&quot;)
		if author_outputted then
			sep = &quot; &quot;
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				&quot;last_first&quot;
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;)
	else
		if formatted_date then
			need_comma = true
			add(formatted_date)
		end

		if formatted_origdate then
			need_comma = true
			add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC)
		end

		if need_comma then
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		end

		date_outputted = true

		num_authors = add_authors(args)

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion.
		postauthor(&quot;&quot;, num_authors)

		author_outputted = false

		sep = add_newversion()

		-- Add the newversion author(s).
		if args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] or args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] then
			num_authors = add_author(
				args[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthor&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;],
				&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;],
				&quot;2ndfirst&quot;,
				nil,
				nil,
				args[&quot;2ndlast&quot;],
				&quot;2ndlast&quot;,
				nil,
				nil
			)
			sep = &quot;, &quot;
		else
			for _, cant_have in ipairs{&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;, &quot;2ndfirst&quot;} do
				if args[cant_have] then
					error((&quot;Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast=&quot;):format(cant_have))
				end
			end
		end

		-- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the &quot;newversion&quot; section.
		postauthor(2, num_authors)
	end

	if not args.nocolon then
		sep = nil
		add(&quot;:&quot;)
	elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then
		add(&quot;.&quot;)
	end

	-- Concatenate output portions to form output text.
	local output_text = concat(output)

	-- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories:
	--
	-- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to
	--    mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace
	--    page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same
	--    logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances
	--    because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the
	--    citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.)
	-- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace,
	--    Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given.
	-- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:,
	--    Appendix: and Citations: pages.

	local categories = {}
	local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang)

	if args.nocat then
		if format_as_cite then
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Citations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		else
			insert(tracking_categories, &quot;Quotations using nocat parameter&quot;)
		end
	else
		-- don't create language tracking categories for citations
		if not format_as_cite then
			local title
			if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc.
				title = mw.title.new(args.pagename)
				if not title then
					error((&quot;Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'&quot;):format(args.pagename))
				end
			else
				title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			end
			-- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists.
			local ok_to_add_cat
			if title.nsText ~= &quot;Citations&quot; then
				ok_to_add_cat = true
			else
				local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text)
				if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then
					ok_to_add_cat = true
				end
			end
			if ok_to_add_cat then
				insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. &quot; terms with quotations&quot;)
			end
		end
		if need_date then
			local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang)
			insert(categories, &quot;Requests for date in &quot; .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. &quot; entries&quot;)
		end
	end

	return output_text .. (
		not lang and &quot;&quot; or
		(#categories &gt; 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or &quot;&quot;) .. (
			#tracking_categories &gt; 0
				and format_categories(
					tracking_categories,
					lang,
					args.sort,
					nil,
					not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText)
				)
			or &quot;&quot;
		)
	)
end

-- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical
-- parameter (with &quot;2&quot; added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with &quot;2&quot;
-- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should
-- process this spec if type2= is being handled.
local type_alias_specs = {
    av = {
    	{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;writer,writers&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;episodeurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-episode&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;episode_series&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;episode_seriesvolume&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;episode_number&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;episode_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;season&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumes&quot;, &quot;seasons&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volume_plain&quot;, &quot;season_plain&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;volumeurl&quot;, &quot;seasonurl&quot;, true},
    	{&quot;platform&quot;, &quot;network&quot;, true},
    },
	book = {
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;,4&quot;},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;5&quot;},
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;6&quot;},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
	},
	journal = {
		{&quot;year&quot;, &quot;2&quot;},
		{&quot;author&quot;, &quot;3&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;title,sernav,article,meqale,4&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;titleurl,articleurl,urlya-sernav,urlya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;trans-title,trans-article,tercimeya-sernav,tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators,tercimanê-sernav,tercimanên-sernav,tercimanên-meqaleyê,tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;title_series,article_series,seriya-sernav,seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume,cildê-seriya-sernav,cildê-seriya-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;title_number,article_number,hejmara-sernav,hejmara-meqaleyê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;title_plain,article_plain,sernav-sade,meqale-sade&quot;, true},
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;journal,kovar,magazine,newspaper,work,xebat,xezete,5&quot;, true},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;trans-journal,tercimeya-kovar,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,tercimeya-xezete,trans-work,tercimeya-xebat&quot;, true},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;journal_tlr,tercimanê-kovarê,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,tercimanê-xezeteyê,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,tercimanê-xebatê,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators&quot;, true},
		{&quot;url&quot;, &quot;6,journalurl,urlya-kovarê,magazineurl,newspaperurl,urlya-xezeteyê,workurl,urlya-xebatê&quot;, true},
		{&quot;page&quot;, &quot;7&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;newsagency,ajans,news_agency&quot;, true},
		{&quot;text&quot;, &quot;8&quot;},
		{&quot;t&quot;, &quot;9&quot;},
	},
}

-- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of
-- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings
-- seen.
local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map)
	local ind = newversion and &quot;2&quot; or &quot;&quot;
	local deprecated = ine(args.lang)
	if not type_alias_specs[typ] then
		local possible_values = {}
		for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do
			insert(possible_values, possible)
		end
		sort(possible_values)
		error(
			(&quot;Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s&quot;):format(
				typ,
				ind,
				concat(possible_values, &quot;,&quot;)
			)
		)
	end

	for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do
		local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec)
		if with_newversion or not newversion then
			canon = canon .. ind
			aliases = split(aliases, &quot;,&quot;, true)
			local saw_alias = nil
			for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do
				if alias:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					alias = tonumber(alias)
					if deprecated then
						alias = alias - 1
					end
				else
					alias = alias .. ind
				end
				if args[alias] then
					if saw_alias == nil then
						saw_alias = alias
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, alias))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == &quot;string&quot;) then
				if args[canon] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_alias, canon))
				end
				args[canon] = args[saw_alias]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_alias] = nil
				alias_map[canon] = saw_alias
			end
		end
	end
end

-- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores.
local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args)
	local args = {}

	-- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is
	-- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil).
	for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]]
		track(&quot;param/&quot; .. pname)
		args[pname] = ine(param)
	end

	-- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to
	-- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and
	-- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias
	-- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present.
	local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore)
	if ignores then
		for ignore in gsplit(ignores, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			args[ignore] = nil
		end
	end

	local alias_map = {}
	local other_controls = {}
	
	-- noroman
	local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman)
	if noroman then
		other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {}
		for param in gsplit(noroman, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {})
			other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true
		end
	end

	-- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=.
	local typ = args.type or direct_args.type or args.cure or direct_args.cure
	if typ then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map)
	end
	local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2 or args.cure2 or direct_args.cure2
	if typ2 then
		process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map)
	end

	-- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which
	-- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an
	-- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for
	-- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or
	-- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -&gt; chapter alias
	-- must be specified before the journal/work -&gt; title alias.
	--
	-- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so
	-- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead.
	--
	-- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up
	-- an alias of title -&gt; chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does
	-- this).
	--
	-- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal.
	local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias)
	if aliases then
		-- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier.
		aliases = ugsub(aliases, &quot;%s*;$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, &quot;%s*;%s*&quot;) do
			local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, &quot;%s*:%s*&quot;)
			if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then
				error((&quot;Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it&quot;):format(alias_spec))
			end
			local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts)
			sources = split(sources, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;)
			local saw_source = nil
			for _, source in ipairs(sources) do
				if source:match(&quot;^%d+$&quot;) then
					source = tonumber(source)
				end
				if args[source] then
					if saw_source == nil then
						saw_source = source
					else
						error((&quot;|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, source))
					end
				end
			end
			if saw_source then
				if args[dest] then
					error((&quot;|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both&quot;):format(saw_source, dest))
				end
				args[dest] = args[saw_source]
				-- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance
				-- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and
				-- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled
				-- parameter checking.
				args[saw_source] = nil
				alias_map[dest] = saw_source
			end
		end
	end

	-- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen
	-- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args).
	local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if)
	if error_ifs then
		for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;) do
			if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then
				error(
					(&quot;Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored&quot;):format(
						error_if,
						ine(parent_args[error_if])
					)
				)
			end
		end
	end

	for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do
		-- ignore control params
		if pname ~= &quot;ignore&quot; and pname ~= &quot;alias&quot; and pname ~= &quot;error_if&quot; and pname ~= &quot;noroman&quot; then
			args[pname] = ine(param)
		end
	end

	return args, alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang)
	-- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is
	-- wasteful of memory.
	local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args)
	local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang)

	local alias_of_t = {alias_of = &quot;t&quot;}
	local boolean = {type = &quot;boolean&quot;}
	local language_sublist = {type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true}
	local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true}
	local script = {type = &quot;script&quot;}
	
	local function alias_list_allow_holes(canon)
		return {alias_of = canon, list = true, allow_holes = true}
	end


	-- First, the &quot;single&quot; params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions.
	local params = {
		[deprecated and &quot;lang&quot; or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true, default = &quot;und&quot;},
		[&quot;lang2&quot;] = language_sublist,
		[&quot;ziman2&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lang2&quot;, type = &quot;language&quot;, sublist = true},
		[&quot;newversion&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;versiyona-nû&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;newversion&quot;},
		[&quot;author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;author&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthor&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthor&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-author&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-author&quot;),
		[&quot;authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2lînka-nivîskar&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndauthorlink&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-authorlink&quot;),
		[&quot;first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;first&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndfirst&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2pêşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndfirst&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-first&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-pêşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-first&quot;),
		[&quot;last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;last&quot;),
		[&quot;2ndlast&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;2paşnav&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;2ndlast&quot;},
		[&quot;trans-last&quot;] = list_allow_holes,
		[&quot;tercimeya-paşnav&quot;] = alias_list_allow_holes(&quot;trans-last&quot;),
		[&quot;nocat&quot;] = boolean,
		[&quot;nekat&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;nocat&quot;},
		[&quot;nocolon&quot;] = boolean,

		-- quote params
		text = true,
		passage = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jêgirtin&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		[&quot;jg&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;text&quot;},
		tr = true,
		transliteration = {alias_of = &quot;tr&quot;},
		ts = true,
		transcription = {alias_of = &quot;ts&quot;},
		norm = true,
		normalization = {alias_of = &quot;norm&quot;},
		sc = script,
		normsc = script,
		sort = true,
		subst = true,
		footer = true,
		lit = true,
		[&quot;hrf&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lit&quot;},
		t = true,
		translation = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;tercime&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;werger&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		[&quot;w&quot;] = alias_of_t,
		gloss = alias_of_t,
		lb = true,
		[&quot;e&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;lb&quot;},
		brackets = boolean,
		-- original quote params
		origtext = true,
		[&quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtext&quot;},
		origtr = true,
		[&quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origtr&quot;},
		origts = true,
		[&quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origts&quot;},
		orignorm = true,
		[&quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignorm&quot;},
		origsc = script,
		[&quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsc&quot;},
		orignormsc = script,
		[&quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;orignormsc&quot;},
		origsubst = true,
		[&quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origsubst&quot;},
		origlb = true,
		[&quot;e-orîjînal&quot;] = {alias_of = &quot;origlb&quot;},

		usenodot = boolean,
		nodot = boolean,
		inline = boolean,

		asquote = boolean,
		ascite = boolean,
	}

	-- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to
	-- allow PARAMN variants for any N.
	local function add_with_2(param, value)
		params[param] = value
		params[param .. &quot;2&quot;] = value
	end

	local function alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		params[alias] = {alias_of = canon}
		params[alias .. &quot;2&quot;] = {alias_of = canon .. &quot;2&quot;}
	end
		
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		&quot;worklang&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, language_sublist)
	end


	-- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12 in ipairs{
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		&quot;coauthors&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;,

		-- author control params
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;,

		-- title
		&quot;title&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;,

		-- entry
		&quot;entry&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;,

		-- chapter
		&quot;chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;,

		-- section
		&quot;section&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;,

		-- other video-game params
		&quot;system&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;,
		&quot;level&quot;,

		-- URL
		&quot;url&quot;,
		&quot;urls&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;,

		-- edition
		&quot;edition&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;,

		-- ID params
		&quot;bibcode&quot;,
		&quot;doi&quot;,
		&quot;isbn&quot;,
		&quot;issn&quot;,
		&quot;jstor&quot;,
		&quot;lccn&quot;,
		&quot;oclc&quot;,
		&quot;ol&quot;,
		&quot;pmid&quot;,
		&quot;pmcid&quot;,
		&quot;ssrn&quot;,
		&quot;urn&quot;,
		&quot;id&quot;,

		-- misc date params; most date params handled below
		&quot;archivedate&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;,

		-- numeric params handled below

		-- other params
		&quot;type&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;,
		&quot;format&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;,
		&quot;deriv&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;,
		&quot;platform&quot;,
	} do
		add_with_2(param12, true)
	end

	-- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;speaker&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translator&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;translators&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_tlrs&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translator&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;chapter_translators&quot;},
		{&quot;doi&quot;, &quot;DOI&quot;},
		{&quot;isbn&quot;, &quot;ISBN&quot;},
		{&quot;issn&quot;, &quot;ISSN&quot;},
		{&quot;jstor&quot;, &quot;JSTOR&quot;},
		{&quot;lccn&quot;, &quot;LCCN&quot;},
		{&quot;oclc&quot;, &quot;OCLC&quot;},
		{&quot;ol&quot;, &quot;OL&quot;},
		{&quot;pmid&quot;, &quot;PMID&quot;},
		{&quot;pmcid&quot;, &quot;PMCID&quot;},
		{&quot;ssrn&quot;, &quot;SSRN&quot;},
		{&quot;urn&quot;, &quot;URN&quot;},
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end


	-- tercimeyên Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
	for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;rol&quot;},
		{&quot;role&quot;, &quot;axivêr&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;terciman&quot;},
		{&quot;tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêr&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;tercimana-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrên-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;, &quot;wergêra-beşê&quot;},


		-- tercimeyên Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions).
		
		-- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params
		-- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.)
		{&quot;coauthors&quot;, &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;quotee&quot;, &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editors&quot;, &quot;edîtor&quot;},
		{&quot;editor&quot;, &quot;amadekar&quot;},
		{&quot;mainauthor&quot;, &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;},
		{&quot;compiler&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;compilers&quot;, &quot;berhevkar&quot;},
		{&quot;director&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;directors&quot;, &quot;derhêner&quot;},
		{&quot;lyricist&quot;, &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;tercimana-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêrê-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;, &quot;wergêra-gotinan&quot;},
		{&quot;composer&quot;, &quot;bestekar&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;aktor&quot;},
		{&quot;actor&quot;, &quot;lîstikvan&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;hunermend&quot;},
		{&quot;artist&quot;, &quot;artîst&quot;},
		{&quot;feat&quot;, &quot;mêvan&quot;},

		--tercimeyên author control params
		{&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;, &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},
		{&quot;authorlabel&quot;, &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;},

		--tercimeyên title
		{&quot;title&quot;, &quot;sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-title&quot;, &quot;wergera-sernav&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;serî&quot;},
		{&quot;series&quot;, &quot;rêze&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;},
		{&quot;seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;notitle&quot;, &quot;bêsernav&quot;},

		--tercimeyên entry
		{&quot;entry&quot;, &quot;made&quot;},
		{&quot;entryurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-entry&quot;, &quot;wergera-madeyê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên chapter
		{&quot;chapter&quot;, &quot;beş&quot;},
		{&quot;chapterurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_plain&quot;, &quot;beş-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-chapter&quot;, &quot;wergera-beşê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên section
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qisim&quot;},
		{&quot;section&quot;, &quot;qism&quot;},
		{&quot;sectionurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_number&quot;, &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qisim-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_plain&quot;, &quot;qism-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;section_series&quot;, &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;, &quot;cildê-rêzeya-qismê&quot;},
		{&quot;trans-section&quot;, &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other video-game params
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;sîstem&quot;},
		{&quot;system&quot;, &quot;pergal&quot;},
		{&quot;scene&quot;, &quot;sehne&quot;},
		--{&quot;level&quot;, &quot;level&quot;},

		--tercimeyên URL
		{&quot;archiveurl&quot;, &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;},

		-- tercimeyên edition
		{&quot;edition&quot;, &quot;çap&quot;},
		{&quot;edition_plain&quot;, &quot;çap-sade&quot;},

		--tercimeyên misc date params; most date params handled below
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;archivedate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;accessdate&quot;, &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;},
		{&quot;nodate&quot;, &quot;bêtarîx&quot;},

		--tercimeyên other params
		{&quot;type&quot;, &quot;cure&quot;},
		{&quot;genre&quot;, &quot;janr&quot;},
		{&quot;medium&quot;, &quot;medya&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;kesên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;others&quot;, &quot;yên-din&quot;},
		{&quot;quoted_in&quot;, &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cih&quot;},
		{&quot;location&quot;, &quot;cîh&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanxane&quot;},
		{&quot;publisher&quot;, &quot;weşanger&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;original&quot;, &quot;orjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;},
		{&quot;by&quot;, &quot;ji-hêla&quot;},
		--{&quot;deriv&quot;, &quot;&quot;},
		{&quot;note&quot;, &quot;not&quot;},
		{&quot;note_plain&quot;, &quot;not-sade&quot;},
		{&quot;other&quot;, &quot;yê-din&quot;},
		{&quot;source&quot;, &quot;çavkanî&quot;},

		--tercimeyên
		{&quot;worklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;},
		{&quot;termlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;},
		{&quot;origlang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;},
		{&quot;origworklang&quot;, &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;},
		
	} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased)
		alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end

	
	-- Then the date params.
	for _, datelike in ipairs{{&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;orig&quot;, &quot;&quot;}, {&quot;&quot;, &quot;_published&quot;}} do
		local pref, suf = unpack(datelike)
		for _, arg in ipairs{&quot;date&quot;, &quot;year&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, &quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;start_month&quot;} do
			add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- Kurmancî aliases for the date params
	for _, date_aliased in ipairs{
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;tarîx&quot;},
	    {&quot;date&quot;, &quot;dîrok&quot;},
	    {&quot;year&quot;, &quot;sal&quot;},
	    {&quot;month&quot;, &quot;meh&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;},

	    {&quot;origdate&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origyear&quot;, &quot;sala orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origmonth&quot;, &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_date&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_year&quot;, &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},
	    {&quot;origstart_month&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;},

	    {&quot;date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;year_published&quot;, &quot;sala weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_date_published&quot;, &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_year_published&quot;, &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandin&quot;},
	    {&quot;start_month_published&quot;, &quot;meha-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;}
	} do
	    local canon, alias = unpack(date_aliased)
	    alias_with_2(alias, canon)
	end
	
	local numeric_param_suffixes = {&quot;&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;_plain&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;_prefix&quot;}
	-- Then the numeric params.
	for _, numeric in ipairs{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;number&quot;,  &quot;line&quot;, &quot;page&quot;,  &quot;column&quot;} do
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true)
		end
	end

	-- canon word -&gt; Kurdish forms
	-- aliases  : plain synonyms (maps straight to canon, e.g. &quot;volume&quot;)
	-- sade     : ezafe form used before &quot;-sade&quot;   (canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
	-- urlya    : ezafe form used after &quot;urlya-&quot;   (canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
	local ku_numeric = {
		volume = {aliases = {&quot;cild&quot;, &quot;cîld&quot;}, sade = &quot;cild&quot;,   urlya = &quot;cild&quot;},
		issue  = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		number = {aliases = {&quot;hj&quot;, &quot;hejmar&quot;}, sade = &quot;hejmar&quot;, urlya = &quot;hejmarê&quot;},
		line   = {aliases = {&quot;rêz&quot;},          sade = &quot;rêz&quot;,    urlya = &quot;rêzê&quot;},
		page   = {aliases = {&quot;rûpel&quot;, &quot;r&quot;},   sade = &quot;rûpel&quot;,  urlya = &quot;rûpelê&quot;},
		column = {aliases = {&quot;stûn&quot;},         sade = &quot;stûn&quot;,   urlya = &quot;stûnê&quot;},
	}
	
	for canon, t in pairs(ku_numeric) do
		for _, alias in ipairs(t.aliases) do
			alias_with_2(alias, canon)
		end
		alias_with_2(t.sade .. &quot;-sade&quot;, canon .. &quot;_plain&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;urlya-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;url&quot;)
		alias_with_2(&quot;pêşgira-&quot; .. t.urlya, canon .. &quot;_prefix&quot;)
	end


	-- And the aliases of numeric params.
	for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{&quot;volume&quot;, &quot;vol&quot;}} do
		local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased)
		for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do
			alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf)
		end
	end

	return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls
end

local function get_origtext_params(args)
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
	if args.origtext then
		-- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or
		-- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology
		-- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been
		-- eliminated.)
		origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		if not origtextlang then
			-- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL.
			origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match(&quot;^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$&quot;)
		end
		if not origtextlang then
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		end
		origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, &quot;allow etym&quot;) or
			error(&quot;origtext= should begin with a language code prefix&quot;)
		origsc = args.origsc
		orignormsc = args.orignormsc
	else
		for _, noparam in ipairs{&quot;origtr&quot;, &quot;origts&quot;, &quot;origsc&quot;, &quot;orignorm&quot;, &quot;orignormsc&quot;, &quot;origsubst&quot;, &quot;origlb&quot;} do
			if args[noparam] then
				error((&quot;Cannot specify %s= without origtext=&quot;):format(noparam))
			end
		end
	end
	return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc
end

local function get_quote(args, is_cite, source)
	local text = args.text
	local gloss = args.t
	local tr = args.tr
	local ts = args.ts
	local norm = args.norm
	local sc = args.sc
	local normsc = args.normsc

	-- Fetch original-text parameters.
	local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args)

	-- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing.
	if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then
		-- Pass &quot;und&quot; here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages
		-- in any case in source() if the language is omitted.
		local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang)
		local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang

		local usex_data = {
			lang = lang,
			termlang = termlang,
			usex = text,
			sc = sc,
			translation = gloss,
			normalization = norm,
			normsc = normsc,
			transliteration = tr,
			transcription = ts,
			brackets = args.brackets,
			subst = args.subst,
			lit = args.lit,
			footer = args.footer,
			qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang),
			quote = &quot;quote-meta&quot;,
			orig = origtext,
			origlang = origtextlang,
			origsc = origsc,
			orignorm = args.orignorm,
			orignormsc = orignormsc,
			origtr = args.origtr,
			origts = args.origts,
			origsubst = args.origsubst,
			origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang),
			noreq = args.noreq,
			nocat = is_cite or args.nocat,
			source = source
		}

		if args.inline then
			-- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text
			usex_data.footer = nil
			usex_data.inline = 1

			text = format_usex(usex_data)
			if text then
				text = &quot; “&quot; .. text .. &quot;”&quot;
			else
				text = &quot;&quot;
			end
			if args.footer then
				text = text .. &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
			end
		else
			text = format_usex(usex_data)
		end
	elseif args.footer then
		text = &quot;&lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;&quot; .. args.footer .. &quot;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;&quot;
	end
	return text
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{quote-*}} templates.
function export.quote_t(frame)
	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, &quot;require_lang&quot;)
	if args.ascite then
		return export.cite_t(frame)
	end

	return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	local parts = {}


	insert(parts, get_quote(args, false, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)))

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({
			title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
			args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
		}) or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary
-- interface for {{cite-*}} templates.
function export.cite_t(frame)
	local parent_args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do
		parent_args[k] = v
	end

	-- use &quot;und&quot; as lang if none provided
	if parent_args[1] == nil then
		parent_args[1] = &quot;und&quot;
	end

	local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args)
	if args.asquote then
		return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls)
	end

	return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)
end

function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls)

	local parts = {}

	-- don't nag for translations
	if args.text and not args.t then
		args.noreq = 1
	end

	local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub(&quot;&lt;[^&lt;&gt;]+&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;))) or 0
	if len_visible == 0 then
		if not args.t or args.t == &quot;-&quot; then
			args.nocolon = true
		end
	elseif args.inline == nil then
		args.inline = not (
			args.block_text
			or len_visible &gt; 300
			or (args.t and not args.t == &quot;-&quot; and len_visible &lt; 80)
			or string.match(args.text, &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot;)
		)
	end

	insert(parts, '&lt;span class=&quot;citation-whole&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cited-source&quot;&gt;')
	insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, &quot;format_as_cite&quot;, other_controls))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	insert(parts, get_quote(args, &quot;is_cite&quot;))
	insert(parts, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)

	local retval = concat(parts)
	return deprecated
			and frame:expandTemplate({
				title = &quot;check deprecated lang param usage&quot;,
				args = {retval, lang = args.lang},
			})
		or retval
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_quote_template(frame)
    return export.call_template(frame)
end

-- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters.
function export.overload(frame)
	local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[1] = {required = true}
	}, true)

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do
		overloaded_args[k] = v
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args}
end

-- External interface, meant to be called from a template.
function export.call_template(frame)
	local parameter_sublist = {type = &quot;parameter&quot;, sublist = true}
	local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, {
		[&quot;template&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;textparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;pageparam&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;propagateparams&quot;] = parameter_sublist,
		[&quot;allowparams&quot;] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = &quot;parameter&quot;, because any that end in :list get processed differently.
	}, true)

	local function fetch_param(source, params)
		for _, param in ipairs(params) do
			if source[param] then
				return source[param]
			end
		end
		return nil
	end

	local params = {
		[&quot;text&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;passage&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;footer&quot;] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting
	}

	-- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls
	-- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil
	local always_propagate = {
		[&quot;brackets&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;usenodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;nodot&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;ascite&quot;] = true,
		[&quot;asquote&quot;] = true,
	}
	for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do
		params[k] = v
	end

	local textparam = iargs.textparam or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {}
	local pageparam1 = pageparam[1]
	if pageparam1 ~= nil then
		params[&quot;page&quot;], params[&quot;pages&quot;] = true, true
		for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do
			params[param] = true
		end
	end

	local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false
	if allowparams ~= nil then
		for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do
			local param = allow:match(&quot;^(.*):list$&quot;)
			if param then
				if list == nil then
					list = {list = true}
				end
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list
			elseif allow == &quot;*&quot; then
				track(&quot;no parameter checking&quot;)
				allow_all = true
			else
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
			end
		end
	else
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		local template_name = parent:getTitle()
		local template_title = new_title(template_name)
		local content = template_title:getContent()
		local allowed_params, seen = {}, {}
		-- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the
		-- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take
		-- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another
		-- parameter (e.g. the outer param in &quot;{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}&quot; will change
		-- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the
		-- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object),
		-- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial.
		for param in find_parameters(content) do
			local raw = param.raw
			if not seen[raw] then
				allow = param:get_name(template_args)
				params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true
				seen[raw] = true
			end
		end
	end

	local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {}
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		params[param] = true
	end

	local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all)
	parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args)

	if textparam[1] ~= &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam)
	end
	if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == &quot;-&quot;) then
		other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil
		other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil
		if other_direct_args.page == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.page = nil
		end
		if other_direct_args.pages == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args.pages = nil
		end
	end
	if args.footer then
		other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = &quot;small&quot;, args = {args.footer}}
	end
	for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do
		if args[param] == &quot;-&quot; then
			other_direct_args[param] = nil
		else
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil
		end
	end


	-- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to
	-- the actual {{quote-*}} code.
	if other_direct_args.authorlink == &quot;-&quot; then
		other_direct_args.authorlink = nil
	end
	for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do
		if args[param] then
			other_direct_args[param] = args[param]
		end
	end

	return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or &quot;quote-book&quot;, args = other_direct_args}
end

local paramdoc_param_replacements = {
	passage = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the passage to be quoted.]=],
	},
	page = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	page_with_roman_preface = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;page&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following:
** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}.
** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
: This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=],
	},
	chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = &quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt; or {{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		param_no_synonym = &quot;{{para|chapter}}&quot;,
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=],
	},
	roman_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=],
	},
	arabic_chapter = {
		param_with_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		param_no_synonym = {&quot;inherit&quot;, &quot;chapter&quot;},
		text = [=[
* &lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt; – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=],
	},
	trailing_params = {
		text = [=[
* {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted.
* {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=],
	},
}

function export.paramdoc(frame)
	local parargs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = process_params(parargs, {
		[1] = true,
	})

	local text = args[1]

	local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym)
		local function sub_param(synonym)
			local subbed_paramtext
			if synonym then
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;synonym&gt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;{{para|&quot; .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. &quot;}}&quot;)
			else
				subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym
			end
			return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;params&gt;&gt;&quot;, replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext))))
		end
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
			return sub_param()
		end)
		text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param) .. &quot;:(.-)&gt;&gt;&quot;, sub_param)
	end

	local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key)
		local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace]
		local val = spec[key]
		if type(val) == &quot;string&quot; then
			return val
		end
		if type(val) == &quot;table&quot; and val[1] == &quot;inherit&quot; then
			return fetch_text(val[2], key)
		end
		error(
			&quot;Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '&quot;
				.. param_to_replace
				.. &quot;', key '&quot;
				.. key
				.. &quot;': &quot;
				.. mw.dumpObject(val)
		)
	end

	for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do
		if not spec.param_no_synonym then
			-- Text to substitute directly.
			text = text:gsub(&quot;&lt;&lt;&quot; .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. &quot;&gt;&gt;&quot;, function()
				return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;))
			end)
		else
			do_param_with_optional_synonym(
				param_to_replace,
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;text&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_with_synonym&quot;),
				fetch_text(param_to_replace, &quot;param_no_synonym&quot;)
			)
		end
	end

	-- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation
	text = text:gsub(&quot;\n$&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	return text
end

return export</text>
      <sha1>tvayew0w87mp6d7cjr2m4ai990ummqh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>awdest girewtene</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1357550</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291500</id>
      <parentid>6240347</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:41:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Balyozbot</username>
        <id>7867</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Lêker */ sererastkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291500</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="609" sha1="ah010uez8cj1cb6r2awbjchnjhzr17c" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|zza}}==

===Bilêvkirin===
* {{zza-IPA}}
* {{zza-kîte}}

===Lêker===
[[Wêne:Cleanliness is part of Godliness with the Turk No matter how black his sins no good Moslem would think of entering the mosque for prayer without having made his ablutions. Outside each place LCCN2010650590.jpg|thumb|{{zim|zza|Merdim awdest girenê.}}]]
{{lêker|zza}}
# {{g|ku|avdest girtin}}, {{g|ku|avdest kirin}}
#: {{hevmane|zza|awdest kerdene}}
#: {{nm|zza|Merdim awdest girenê.|Meriv avdest digirin.|rêz=1}}

====Tewandin====
{{zza-tewîn-lk|reh=gir|aux=awdest}}

[[Kategorî:Lêkerên bi girewtene bi zazakî]]</text>
      <sha1>ah010uez8cj1cb6r2awbjchnjhzr17c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/vector-2022.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>1357843</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290815</id>
      <parentid>6277114</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:18:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290815</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="1495" sha1="g89zazh75jo01g31qwuey552o1a7qvq" xml:space="preserve">// Ji bo şablonên [[Şablon:jêder]] hatiye nivîsandin.
// Parametreyên ku di navbera &quot;&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&quot; an &quot;{{j-pêwîst|...}}&quot; de ne venaşêre.

$(function() {
	function nivisaKurtTevliBike(sund, nivisKurt) {
		var zede = $('&lt;a&gt;+&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'zêdetir')
						.css('font-weight','bold');
						
		var kurt = $(' &lt;a&gt;↩&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click-kurt')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'veşêre')
						.css('font-weight','bold');
	
		$('&lt;span&gt;' + nivisKurt + '&lt;/span&gt;')
			.append(zede).append(')')
			.addClass('jeder-kurt')
			.css('font-size','0.85em')
			.insertAfter(sund);
		
			sund.append(' ').append(kurt);
	}

	function vesere() {
		$('.jeder').each(function() {
			var elmTab = $(this).find(&quot;.j-pewist&quot;).clone();

			if (elmTab.length) {
				var elm = '';
				for (var i = elmTab.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {
					elm = elmTab.eq(i).html() + ', ' + elm;
				}
			
				var nivisKurt = ' — (' + elm;
				nivisaKurtTevliBike($(this), nivisKurt);
			} else {
				$(this).css('display', 'inline')
			}
		
		});
	}
	vesere();

	$(&quot;.click&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').css('display','none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').prev().css('display','inline');
	});

	$(&quot;.click-kurt&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder').css('display','none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder').next().css('display','inline');
	});
});</text>
      <sha1>g89zazh75jo01g31qwuey552o1a7qvq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290816</id>
      <parentid>6290815</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:20:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290816</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="1650" sha1="57aciqozm5j0owhijquomiww467k98p" xml:space="preserve">// Ji bo şablonên [[Şablon:jêder]] hatiye nivîsandin.
// Parametreyên ku di navbera &quot;&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&quot; an &quot;{{j-pêwîst|...}}&quot; de ne venaşêre.

$(function() {
	function nivisaKurtTevliBike(sund, nivisKurt) {
		var zede = $('&lt;a&gt;+&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'zêdetir')
						.css('font-weight','bold');
						
		var kurt = $(' &lt;a&gt;↩&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click-kurt')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'veşêre')
						.css('font-weight','bold');
	
		$('&lt;span&gt;' + nivisKurt + '&lt;/span&gt;')
			.append(zede).append(')')
			.addClass('jeder-kurt')
			.css('font-size','0.85em')
			.insertAfter(sund);
		
			sund.append(' ').append(kurt);
	}

	function vesere() {
		$('.jeder').each(function() {
			if (
			    mw.config.get('wgAction')  === 'edit' ||
			    mw.config.get('wgAction')  === 'submit'
			){
			    var elmTab = [];
			} else {
			    var elmTab = $(this).find('.j-pewist').clone();
			}


			if (elmTab.length) {
				var elm = '';
				for (var i = elmTab.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {
					elm = elmTab.eq(i).html() + ', ' + elm;
				}
			
				var nivisKurt = ' — (' + elm;
				nivisaKurtTevliBike($(this), nivisKurt);
			} else {
				$(this).css('display', 'inline')
			}
		
		});
	}
	vesere();

	$(&quot;.click&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').css('display','none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').prev().css('display','inline');
	});

	$(&quot;.click-kurt&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder').css('display','none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder').next().css('display','inline');
	});
});</text>
      <sha1>57aciqozm5j0owhijquomiww467k98p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290819</id>
      <parentid>6290816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:24:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Restored revision 6277114 by [[Special:Contributions/Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[User talk:Wikihez|talk]]) ([[:m:User:Xiplus/TwinkleGlobal|TwinkleGlobal]])</comment>
      <origin>6290819</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="1832" sha1="hkchv58y5mnst3qk7t0f45qu26slf7r" xml:space="preserve">// Ji bo şablonên [[Şablon:jêder]] hatiye nivîsandin.
// Parametreyên ku di navbera &quot;&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&quot; an &quot;{{j-pêwîst|...}}&quot; de ne venaşêre.
$(function() {
	function nivisaKurtTevliBike(sund, nivisKurt) {
		var zede = $('&lt;a&gt;+&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'zêdetir')
						.css('font-weight', 'bold');

		var kurt = $(' &lt;a&gt;↩&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click-kurt')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'veşêre')
						.css('font-weight', 'bold');

		$('&lt;span&gt;' + nivisKurt + '&lt;/span&gt;')
			.append(zede).append(')')
			.addClass('jeder-kurt')
			.css('font-size', '0.85em')
			.insertAfter(sund);

		sund.append(' ').append(kurt);

		// Only hide the full citation once the short summary actually exists.
		// If this script never runs (no-JS clients, hover-preview extracts,
		// action=render, etc.), the full citation stays visible instead of
		// silently disappearing.
		sund.css('display', 'none');
	}

	function vesere() {
		$('.jeder').each(function() {
			var elmTab = $(this).find('.j-pewist').clone();
			if (elmTab.length) {
				var elm = '';
				for (var i = elmTab.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {
					elm = elmTab.eq(i).html() + ', ' + elm;
				}
				var nivisKurt = ' — (' + elm;
				nivisaKurtTevliBike($(this), nivisKurt);
			}
			// else: no j-pewist fields to shorten — leave the full citation
			// as it already renders (visible), nothing to do.
		});
	}

	vesere();

	$(&quot;.click&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').css('display', 'none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').prev().css('display', 'inline');
	});
	$(&quot;.click-kurt&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder').css('display', 'none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder').next().css('display', 'inline');
	});
});</text>
      <sha1>hkchv58y5mnst3qk7t0f45qu26slf7r</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290822</id>
      <parentid>6290819</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:26:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rûpel hat valakirin</comment>
      <origin>6290822</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="0" sha1="phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1" />
      <sha1>phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wîkîferheng:Xebat</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>1357857</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290823</id>
      <parentid>6277120</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:43:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* MediaWiki:Gadget-jeder.js */ Bersiv</comment>
      <origin>6290823</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23088" sha1="eq8qbcfo4kr8dexq7ok1fsojppjanws" xml:space="preserve">{{/ser}}

= Karên ferhengî =
== Mane ==
* [[:Kategorî:Madeyên bê beşa mane]]
** [[:Kategorî:Madeyên bê beşa mane bi kurmancî]]

Li ser van rûpelan ev made hene ku maneyan wan nehatine nivîsin û divê werin nivîsin. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Etîmolojî ==
*[[:Kategorî:Daxwazên etîmolojiyê]]
**[[:Kategorî:Daxwazên etîmolojiyê bi kurmancî]]
Li ser van rûpelan ev made hene ku etîmolojiya wan hîn nehatine nivîsin. Ji bo alîkariyê binêre [[WF:Etîmolojî]]  —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Cureyê rêzimanî ==
* [[:Kategorî:Gotarên bê kategoriya rêzimanî]]
* [[:Kategorî:Gotarên bê kategoriya rêzimanî bi kurmancî]]
Li ser van rûpelan ev made hene ku cureyên wan yên rêzimanî hîn nehatine nivîsin. Ji bo alîkariyê binêre [[Alîkarî:Cureyên peyvan]]  —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Kontrol ==
* [[:Kategorî:Kontrol]]
** [[:Kategorî:Kontrola maneyê]]
Ev madde bi botê hatine çêkirin, yek bi yek divê werin kontrolkirin.  —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

= Şablon =

== IPA ==
* {{ş|IPA}} divê [[Modul:IPA]] bi kar bîne. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Deng ==
Kurdîkirina belgekirina {{ş|deng}} lazim e.--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:06, 19 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

= Modul =

== Modul:form of/templates ==
* [[Modul:form of/templates]]: Divê ev modul were rojanekirin û xeletiyên berê wekî ([[hevalê]]) werin rastkirin. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*:Merheba @[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] Te gotibû di vê modulê de xeletî hene, jkx tu dikarî li vir binivîsî çi kêmasî hene, daku wextê rojane dikim ez ji bîr nekim? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:16, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*::Silav. Nizanim ji bîra min çûye... Herwiha ji bo çêkirina formên navdêran zanînên cîns û tîpa dawî bes e:
*::* (-ê, mê) =&gt; çemandî, bangkirin
*::* (-ê, nêr) =&gt; îzafe
*::* (-ê, mê û nêr) =&gt; îzafe (nêr), bangkirin (mê), çemandî (mê)
*::* (-a) =&gt; îzafe (mê)
*::* (-ekî) =&gt; îzafe û çemandî (nêr, nebinavkirî)
*::* (-eke) = &gt;  îzafe (mê, nebinavkirî)
*::* ...
*:: &lt;code&gt;if find(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText, 'ekî$') then ... end&lt;/code&gt;
*::&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ku-tewîn-navForm|&lt;navdêr&gt;|&lt;zayend&gt;}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
*::Tablo û nivîs di yekcarî de tên çêkirin...
*::Feqet problem lêzêdekirina mînakan e. [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 17:34, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*:::Lêzêdekirina kîjan nimûneyan? Ev koda js ji bo çi ye? Qisûrê nenêre min fêm nekir :/ [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:13, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*::::Li vira ([[hevalê#Formeke navdêrê]]) di bin maneyên 1. û 2. mînak nayên tevlî kirin :) [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 18:18, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*:::::Ev tercîh e, ne mecbûrî ye, em dikarin [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=heval%C3%AA&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=6276350 wisa] bikin. Wekî din? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:29, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*::::::Min li jor tênê got ku tenê parametreyên &quot;navdêr&quot; û &quot;zayend&quot; hewce nee. Bi '''[//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=heval%C3%AA&amp;curid=969734&amp;diff=6276353&amp;oldid=6276350 vî]''' awayî jî tê çêkirin. Parametreyên din ne hewce ne. [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 18:38, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*:::::::Ji bo wê şabloneke din lazim e, bila ev şablon wekî îngilîzî bimîne em ji bo kurmancî yekî din çêkin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:42, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*::::::::[https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=heval%C3%AA&amp;oldid=6276885 wisa] çawa ye? Bi min nivîsîna nimûneyan zêde ne lazim e ji ber ku ti kes serê xwe pê naêşîne. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:46, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
*:::::::::@[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] Vê şablonê bi kar bînin an na? Navê şablonê kê çi be? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 19:07, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Modul:columns ==
* [[Modul:columns]] were rojanekirin û {{ş|kol3}} bila lînka ''nîşan bide'' deyne beriya sernavê, kolê di qutiya rengî de bila nebe. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Modul:etymon ==
* [[Modul:etymon kevn]]: Rojanekirin hewce ye. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

= Javascript =

== [[Mediawiki:Gadget-citoid-helper.js]] ==
Ji bo bi citoidê kopîkirina malûmatên çavkaniyan amûreke wisa lazim e. Xisûsen ji ber ku bi çend amûrên din dikare were bikaranîn.
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-citoid-helper.js]] --&gt; [[Mediawiki:Gadget-citoid-helper.js]]
Feqat çend problem hene, şablonên me de kêmasiya parametreyan gelek in û xerîteyên citoidê hîn nehatine çêkirin. Wana sererast bikin dûre vê amûrê çêkin, piştre [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js|start.js]] û [[MediaWiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js|add examples.js]] were rojanekirin.
- --[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:04, 19 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js]] ==
Rojanekirin hewce ye. Min gelek tişt lê zêde kir lê ez niha test dikime. Piştre em bar bikin:
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.js]] --&gt; [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js]]
*  [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-start.css]] --&gt; [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.css]]
--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 22:08, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:Min [[MediaWiki:Gadget-start.js/data.json|data.json]] çêkir ji bo ku bi hêsanî malûmatên heyî werin guhartin bêyî guhartina Javascriptê. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 19:49, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:Xeletiyên ku ji bîr nekim rast bikim:
:* Wextê min çavkanî &quot;kitêb&quot; hilbijart û bi destî tije kir xeletiyeke [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=xezete&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=6265392 wisa] derket her kelîme hate lînkkirin.
:* &lt;code&gt;html(&quot;⠿&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; ev ne lazim e.
:* textarea ji bo çavkaniyên jêgirtinan xaseten yên sernav hîn jî ne draggable e.
:* pêşdîtina zindî checkbox wextê tê rakirin, pêşdîtin winda nabe.
:* Butona mobîlê ya vekirina formê di moda tarî de belî nabe, tenê wekî qutiyeke tarî xuya dibe.
:* Metna hişyarkirinê di guhartina rûpelên heyî de lazim e baştir bikim.
:[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:51, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::Ev problem çêbûn, ez ê binêrim ka çi problemên din hene. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:15, 19 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::Çêke: Ji bo qismê çavkaniyê yek dikare API call û Kategorî:Çavkanî bi kar bîne ji bo ku şablon zêde bikî ji yên heyî. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 21:21, 19 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::Ev jî çêbû, min beşa çavkanî jî çêkir. Eger xeletî dernekeve û problema valahiya piştî etîketê ji bîr nekim, piştî rojanekirina amûrên linkify, û citoid em dikarin bar bikin. Ez ê ti tiştê nû îlawe nekim, zêde dirêj bû. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:14, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[Mediawiki:Gadget-QQ.js]] ==

Ev amûr di şikle Minerva de. Her daîm vê xeletiyê dide:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;js&quot;&gt;
 TypeError: Cannot read properties of null (reading 'addEventListener')    at css ()    at runScript ()    at Array.&lt;anonymous&gt; ()    at flushCssBuffer ()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 19:29, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/Gadget-QQ.js]] --&gt; [[Mediawiki:Gadget-QQ.js]]
:* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-QQ.css]] --&gt; [[Mediawiki:Gadget-QQ.css]]
:Ez dibêjim çêbû lê ka çend roj biceribînim. Tiştên ku hatin sererastkirin:
:# Google Books API Key dikarî zêde bikî, dixe cookies û di gerokê de dimîne. Berê bê API Key dixebitiya lê êdî mecbûr e ku API Key-a te hebe, bidestxistina wê ne zêde zor e lê dîsa jî tevlihev e.
:# Êdî di mobîlê de dixebite, heta di mobîlê de xweştir xuya dike. 
:# Moda tarî 
:# OOUI dewsa jquery.ui
:# Li qutiyê çi dixwazî zêde bikî, dikare li gorî îsm, sifet, fiîl bitewîne. Lê ji bo fiîl tenê dikare çend heb inflection bîne.
:# Butona paqij bike lê zêde kir.
:# Çend paqijiyên jêgirtinên Google Kitêbê niha hene.
:[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 23:38, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::Tewandina fiîlan û xeletiya modulê lazim e were rastkirin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:40, 21 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[MediaWiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js]] ==
Min ev amûr hinek rojane kir feqat çend problem hene berî ku bar bikin.
Tiştên ku min guhart:
# Êdî li sayfeyên bi {{ş|maneid}} jî dixebite,
# Cihê di wîkîtekstê de yê ku jêgirtin were îlawekirin baştir bû,
# [[Mediawiki:Gadget-citoid-helper.js|citoid helper]] zêde kir ji bo ku bi hêsanî çavkanî bi riya doi, isbn an urlyê werin tijîkirin.
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css]] --&gt; [[MediaWiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples.css]]
* [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js]] --&gt; [[MediaWiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples.js]]
- --[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 00:50, 19 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:Min &quot;wikt.&quot; qismên cache kirinê ya wîkiya fransî bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-StorageUtils.js]] guhartiye. loma ji bîr nekin wê amûrê li [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]] zêde bikin. û navê amûrê jî biguhêrînin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:15, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Gadget-translation editor ==
* [[MediaWiki:Gadget-translation editor.js]]: divê formata en.wîktê were bikaranîn ji ber ku me gelek tercime ji en.wîktê kopî kir û ev js hîn nikare formata wekî li jêr bi kar bîne.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî:
*: Latînî
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
—[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Gadget-linkify ==
* [[Mediawiki:Gadget-linkify.js]] ''rûpeleke'' wekî&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;[[rûpeleke]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; lînk dike, bi regexê belkî dikare wisa bike &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;[[rûpel]]eke&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
—[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
* Amûreke din wekî [[User:Wikihez/Gadget-linkify.js|linkify]] lazim e ku herfên mezin biçûk bike ji bo kurmancî.—[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Amûra manayê ==
Amûreke din ji bo nivîsina maneyê wekî Nimûne zêde bike lazim e [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarh%C3%AAner:Wikihez/test.js&amp;oldid=6276876 js] [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:ceribandin2&amp;oldid=6265629 şablon] [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarh%C3%AAner:Wikihez/common.css&amp;oldid=6265642 css] --[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:12, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[MediaWiki:Gadget-jeder.js]] ==
@[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] Çavkaniyên jêderê di moda pêşdîtinê de jêderê vedişêre, ew jî min gelek eciz dike wextê çavkanî zêde dikim. Min ji Claude pirsî û kodan nîşanî wê da, wisa cewab da:

Yes — and this file actually explains the whole thing precisely, better than my earlier guess about extract-stripping.

What's happening: the CSS rule
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;css&quot;&gt;
.jeder{
	display:none;
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

hides every citation by default, *unconditionally*. The only thing that ever makes it visible again is the gadget's JS: it finds each `.jeder`, builds the short &quot;`— (year, author, +)`&quot; summary from the `.j-pewist` fields, and either reveals the short version or — for citations with no `.j-pewist` fields — explicitly sets `display:inline` on the original.

So visibility of citations depends entirely on this JS running. In the normal article view (Image 1) it runs, so you see the collapsed &quot;`(1918, E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekariyan, Amadekar: M. E. Bozarslan, +)`&quot; form. In whatever generated Image 2 — a hover-preview/extract/API render — gadget JS doesn't execute, so nothing ever removes the `display:none`, and the citation vanishes completely rather than degrading to &quot;still visible, just not collapsed.&quot;

&lt;b&gt;The fix:&lt;/b&gt; flip the default so the *un-collapsed* state is the safe fallback, and let JS do the hiding only after it successfully builds the short version. That way, any context without JS shows the full citation instead of nothing.

CSS — remove the blanket hide:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;css&quot;&gt;
.jeder {
	/* intentionally no display:none here — see Gadget-... .js */
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

JS — do the hiding from script, after the short form exists:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;js&quot;&gt;
// Ji bo şablonên [[Şablon:jêder]] hatiye nivîsandin.
// Parametreyên ku di navbera &quot;&lt;span class=&quot;j-pewist&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&quot; an &quot;{{j-pêwîst|...}}&quot; de ne venaşêre.
$(function() {
	function nivisaKurtTevliBike(sund, nivisKurt) {
		var zede = $('&lt;a&gt;+&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'zêdetir')
						.css('font-weight', 'bold');

		var kurt = $(' &lt;a&gt;↩&lt;/a&gt;')
						.addClass('click-kurt')
						.attr('href', '#')
						.attr('title', 'veşêre')
						.css('font-weight', 'bold');

		$('&lt;span&gt;' + nivisKurt + '&lt;/span&gt;')
			.append(zede).append(')')
			.addClass('jeder-kurt')
			.css('font-size', '0.85em')
			.insertAfter(sund);

		sund.append(' ').append(kurt);

		// Only hide the full citation once the short summary actually exists.
		// If this script never runs (no-JS clients, hover-preview extracts,
		// action=render, etc.), the full citation stays visible instead of
		// silently disappearing.
		sund.css('display', 'none');
	}

	function vesere() {
		$('.jeder').each(function() {
			var elmTab = $(this).find('.j-pewist').clone();
			if (elmTab.length) {
				var elm = '';
				for (var i = elmTab.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--) {
					elm = elmTab.eq(i).html() + ', ' + elm;
				}
				var nivisKurt = ' — (' + elm;
				nivisaKurtTevliBike($(this), nivisKurt);
			}
			// else: no j-pewist fields to shorten — leave the full citation
			// as it already renders (visible), nothing to do.
		});
	}

	vesere();

	$(&quot;.click&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').css('display', 'none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder-kurt').prev().css('display', 'inline');
	});
	$(&quot;.click-kurt&quot;).click(function(e) {
		e.preventDefault();
		$(this).parent('.jeder').css('display', 'none');
		$(this).parent('.jeder').next().css('display', 'inline');
	});
});
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Net effect:
- JS-enabled readers (normal article view): identical experience to today — collapsed short form with `+`/`↩` toggle.
- No-JS contexts (previews, extracts, screen readers before JS loads, print, etc.): full citation is shown instead of nothing — a real regression fix rather than a cosmetic one.

One caveat worth being upfront about: this fixes it *if* the preview context renders the gadget's HTML/CSS but doesn't execute gadget JS (which is the far more common case, and what this code strongly suggests is happening). If Image 2 instead comes from a pipeline that strips the `.jeder`/`.jegirtin-text` elements out of the HTML entirely before this CSS/JS even gets a chance to apply, no on-wiki CSS/JS change can help — that'd need the extract-generation config changed instead. Given what this gadget file shows, though, I'd bet on the CSS-hide explanation.

Em dûre biceribînin  eger xeletî tinebe, vî tiştî jî rast bikin. --[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 20:00, 23 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:Ez APIya MediaWiki rind nizanim belkî Claude dizane:) Em nikarin bibêjin dema ku moda &quot;''action=edit''&quot; e fonksiyona &lt;code&gt;function vesere()&lt;/code&gt; bi kar meyîne. [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 15:57, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::Na, di moda &quot;edît&quot;-ê de &lt;code&gt;var elmTab = null&lt;/code&gt;... [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 16:13, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

?:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;js&quot;&gt;
if (
    mw.config.get('wgAction')  === 'edit' ||
    mw.config.get('wgAction')  === 'submit'
){
    var elmTab = [];
} else {
    var elmTab = $(this).find('.j-pewist').clone();
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
--[[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 16:31, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:Ez jî nizanim Claude çiqas ji mediawiki fêm dike lê heta niha ti tişt nîne ku min jê pirs kir û nikaribû çêke, bila wekî reklam nebe feqat Claude mikemmel e, dibêjim &quot;li vir çima xeletiyeke wisa derdikeve&quot; di dosyeya 2000 rêzî de diçe tiştê xelet tenê rast dike tiştekî din naguherîne. Chatgpt û aistudio qet wisa nakin, eynî dosyeyê deh cara dinivîsin, deh netîceyên cuda derdikevin :D 
:Em dikarin vê amûrê wextê edit û submitê neaktîv bikin wekî &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;js&quot;&gt;if (!(action === &quot;edit&quot; || action === &quot;submit&quot;)) {
:return;&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; lê wê demê display:none wê çibe nizanim. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:23, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::display:none ne hewce ye ma jixwe di nav kodê [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Gadget-jeder.js&amp;oldid=6069025#L-49 L-49] de inline/none heye? [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:53, 24 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:Min bi vî şiklî [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Bikarh%C3%AAner:Wikihez/vector-2022.js&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=6290816#L-28] ceriband feqat nexebitî. &quot;display:none&quot; di pêşdîtinê de dixebite feqat js naşixule. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 14:43, 25 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

= Moda tarî =

== MediaWiki:Newarticletext ==
* [[MediaWiki:Newarticletext]]: Divê rengên wê were rastkirin.—[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Modul:dara kategoriyan ==
* [[Modul:dara kategoriyan]] link_box —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== mane? ==
* {{ş|mane?}} —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== bêçavkanî ==
* {{ş|bêçavkanî}} —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== de-tew-nerm-ern ==
* {{ş|de-tew-nerm-ern}} —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

= Bot =
Karên ku bi botê werin çêkirin ji kerema xwe li vir binivîsin.

== Kategorî:Biwêj ==
[[:Kategorî:Biwêj]] divê were paqijkirin, lîsteya madeyên {{ş|biwêj}} çêke, yên ku tê de bûn, kirin, man hene filtre bike yên din bi destî tê çêkirin.—[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Jêgirtin ==
Xistina jêgirtinên beşa [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2F%3D+*Ji+%5BWw%5D%C3%AAjey%C3%AA+*%3D%2F&amp;title=Taybet%3AL%C3%AAger%C3%AEn&amp;profile=advanced&amp;fulltext=1&amp;ns0=1&amp;searchToken=8rh0bmw8dccsi7aynl6zli8uf ji wêjeyê] li beşa maneyê. —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Bota Toolforgeê ==
Botekî Toolforgeê lazim e ji bo ku xeletiyên biçûk wekî şablonên bi navên îngilîzî werin kurdîkirin yan jî valahiya beşan rast bike û hwd.—[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Updatew ==
Bota [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/py/updateW.py|updateW]] divê were rojanekirin. Yan jî yekî nû were çêkirin. Şablonên {{ş|W}} di beşa tercimeyan de sererast dike û zimanan rêz dike. Ya niha xeletiya navê zimanî dide.—[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:17, 16 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== sihir --&gt; sêhr ==

Tercimeyên ''[[sêhr]]'' hemû dibêje ''sihir'' loma bi botê lazim e kirin ''sêhr''. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 17:43, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:Sihirbaz --&gt; sêhrbaz [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:07, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Tercimeyên dîroknas ==

Li tercimeyên [[dîroknas]], hevmaneyên wê hewce ye were îlawekirin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 18:44, 18 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== Mewlûd ==

Sererastkirina jêgirtinên mewlûdê [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2Fw%5C%3AMela+His%C3%AAn%C3%AA+Batey%C3%AE%2F&amp;title=Taybet%3AL%C3%AAger%C3%AEn&amp;ns0=1&amp;searchToken=8m0tguy3sqt7edr4sg0u8hedo] wekî [https://ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=dax%C3%AEdar&amp;curid=284303&amp;diff=6265851&amp;oldid=6142285] [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:43, 20 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

== [[Modul:ziman/code to canonical name]] ==

Belgekirina skrîptê û js divê were rastkirin. [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:31, 22 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)

:* [[MediaWiki:UpdateLanguageNameAndCode.js]]
:[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:50, 22 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::* [[Modul:ziman/print]]
::[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:52, 22 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
:::*[[Modul:ziman/şablon]]
:::[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 09:56, 22 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
::::* [[MediaWiki:Gadget-translation editor.js/ziman.json]]
::::[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 11:06, 22 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>eq8qbcfo4kr8dexq7ok1fsojppjanws</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wîkîferheng:ceribandin/nimûne</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>1357865</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290842</id>
      <parentid>6277132</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T16:37:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6290842</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7187" sha1="fjdwq2td23qcsntag1kapsqomobhpic" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|title=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|magazine=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|year2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|page2=182|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|test=test|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>fjdwq2td23qcsntag1kapsqomobhpic</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290844</id>
      <parentid>6290842</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T16:41:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6290844</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7188" sha1="6hg8yjgscin91kyczv8lfv47idfrrg3" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|magazine=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|year2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|page2=182|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|test=test|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>6hg8yjgscin91kyczv8lfv47idfrrg3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:56:11Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
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      <comment>/* Lêker */</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="26210" sha1="2h13w1ok3l4l38fsvy969tjcntp4721" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|magazine=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|year2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|page2=182|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
{{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|page=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
Here, a date is specified in place of a year, and two authors are given, semicolon-separated, which when displayed become comma-separated.
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|page=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|page=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|page=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|page=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|page=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|pageurl=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|page=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|year2=1953|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|page2=182|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|title2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|location2=London|publisher2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|year2=[1880s]|section2=book first|pages2=23–24|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|page=224|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Kathleen Cross|year2=2016|title2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|chapter2=Material stocks|location2=London; New York|publisher2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|section2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|page2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|page=216|line_plain=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|newversion=quoted in|year2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|title2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|location2=London|publisher2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|page2=72|pageurl2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|line_plain2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|page=72|line_plain=note 1|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|journal=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|volume=XXI|number=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|newversion=reprinted as|type2=book|chapter2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|editor2=Howard Nelson|title2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|series2=Under Discussion|location2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|publisher2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|year2=1987|page2=75|pageurl2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|page=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|page=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|volume=I|page=253|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|page=176|pageurl=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|newversion=translation of|ziman2=de|year2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|title2=Kriegsführung und Politik|location2=Berlin|publisher2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|page2=199|pageurl2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|year2=1982|year_published2=2010|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|title2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|series2=Gli Adelphi|seriesvolume2=41|chapter2=Libertà naturale|trans-chapter2=Natural Freedom|edition2=6th|location2=Milan|publisher2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|page2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|column=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>2h13w1ok3l4l38fsvy969tjcntp4721</sha1>
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      <text bytes="26063" sha1="rn2rld0erxxb06ghstvqei586qshqh3" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|magazine=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|year2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|page2=182|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|page=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|page=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|page=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|page=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|page=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|page=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|pageurl=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|page=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|year2=1953|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|page2=182|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|title2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|location2=London|publisher2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|year2=[1880s]|section2=book first|pages2=23–24|pageurl2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|page=224|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Kathleen Cross|year2=2016|title2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|chapter2=Material stocks|location2=London; New York|publisher2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|section2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|page2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|page=216|line_plain=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|newversion=quoted in|year2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|title2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|location2=London|publisher2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|page2=72|pageurl2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|line_plain2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|page=72|line_plain=note 1|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|journal=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|volume=XXI|number=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|newversion=reprinted as|type2=book|chapter2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|editor2=Howard Nelson|title2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|series2=Under Discussion|location2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|publisher2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|year2=1987|page2=75|pageurl2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|page=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|page=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|volume=I|page=253|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|page=176|pageurl=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|newversion=translation of|ziman2=de|year2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|title2=Kriegsführung und Politik|location2=Berlin|publisher2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|page2=199|pageurl2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|year2=1982|year_published2=2010|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|title2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|series2=Gli Adelphi|seriesvolume2=41|chapter2=Libertà naturale|trans-chapter2=Natural Freedom|edition2=6th|location2=Milan|publisher2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|page2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|column=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>rn2rld0erxxb06ghstvqei586qshqh3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291507</id>
      <parentid>6291504</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T19:00:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6291507</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26199" sha1="qcwiiku8kwp5zd278by7c0imb6r9gos" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|magazine=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|year2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|rûpel=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|rûpel=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|rûpel=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|rûpel=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|rûpel=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|rûpel=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|rûpel=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|year2=1953|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|title2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|location2=London|publisher2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|year2=[1880s]|section2=book first|pages2=23–24|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|rûpel=224|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Kathleen Cross|year2=2016|title2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|chapter2=Material stocks|location2=London; New York|publisher2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|section2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|rûpel2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|rûpel=216|rêz-sade=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|newversion=quoted in|year2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|title2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|location2=London|publisher2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|rûpel2=72|urlya-rûpelê2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|rêz-sade2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|rûpel=72|rêz-sade=note 1|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|journal=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|cild=XXI|hejmar=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|newversion=reprinted as|type2=book|chapter2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|editor2=Howard Nelson|title2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|series2=Under Discussion|location2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|publisher2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|year2=1987|rûpel2=75|urlya-rûpelê2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|rûpel=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|rûpel=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|cild=I|rûpel=253|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|rûpel=176|urlya-rûpelê=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|newversion=translation of|ziman2=de|year2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|title2=Kriegsführung und Politik|location2=Berlin|publisher2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|rûpel2=199|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|year2=1982|year_published2=2010|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|title2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|series2=Gli Adelphi|seriesvolume2=41|chapter2=Libertà naturale|trans-chapter2=Natural Freedom|edition2=6th|location2=Milan|publisher2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|rûpel2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|stûn=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>qcwiiku8kwp5zd278by7c0imb6r9gos</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>6291507</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T19:01:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lêker */</comment>
      <origin>6291508</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29356" sha1="g9meh4i4b3q7i9ytg9r3cgq9zj2rvsn" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|magazine=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|year2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|rûpel=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|rûpel=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|rûpel=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|rûpel=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|rûpel=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|rûpel=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|rûpel=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|year2=1953|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|title2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|location2=London|publisher2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|year2=[1880s]|section2=book first|pages2=23–24|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|rûpel=224|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Kathleen Cross|year2=2016|title2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|chapter2=Material stocks|location2=London; New York|publisher2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|section2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|rûpel2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|rûpel=216|rêz-sade=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|newversion=quoted in|year2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|title2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|location2=London|publisher2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|rûpel2=72|urlya-rûpelê2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|rêz-sade2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|rûpel=72|rêz-sade=note 1|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|journal=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|cild=XXI|hejmar=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|newversion=reprinted as|type2=book|chapter2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|editor2=Howard Nelson|title2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|series2=Under Discussion|location2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|publisher2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|year2=1987|rûpel2=75|urlya-rûpelê2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|rûpel=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|rûpel=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|cild=I|rûpel=253|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|rûpel=176|urlya-rûpelê=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|newversion=translation of|ziman2=de|year2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|title2=Kriegsführung und Politik|location2=Berlin|publisher2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|rûpel2=199|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|year2=1982|year_published2=2010|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|title2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|series2=Gli Adelphi|seriesvolume2=41|chapter2=Libertà naturale|trans-chapter2=Natural Freedom|edition2=6th|location2=Milan|publisher2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|rûpel2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|stûn=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}
#*{{quote-journal|en|title=Art VIII.—Who are the True Conservatives?|journal=The Quarterly Christian Spectator|location=New Haven, Conn.|publisher=Published for the proprietor by Hezekiah Howe [...]|month=November|year=1838|volume=X|issue=IV|page=608|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7MAAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA608|oclc=5090641|text=They have guarded a few minds against '''sciolism''' and pretension in philosophy, and they have given a new and more imposing air to '''sciolism''' itself, and placed in the hands of the charlatan enchantments and magical arts, which hold fast its victims with a potency never granted to an inferior spell. There is no '''sciolism''' now which is more dangerous than that which is so very careful to inform us of its entire freedom from all that is superficial, {{...}}}}
#*{{quote-journal
|en
|date=March 8, 2023
|last=Wu
|first=Huizhong
|author2=Johnson Lai
|title=Taiwan suspects Chinese ships cut islands’ internet cables
|journal={{w|The Washington Post}}
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311220100/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/08/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china/d322fcae-bd70-11ed-9350-7c5fccd598ad_story.html
|archivedate=11 March 2023
|issn=0190-8286
|oclc=2269358
|section=Business
|date2=April 18, 2023
|title2=Chinese ships cut internet of Taiwan’s outlying islands
|type2=journal
|journal2={{w|AP News}}
|archiveurl2=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308053048/https://apnews.com/article/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china-65f10f5f73a346fa788436366d7a7c70
|text=Wang Chung Ming, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, as the Matsu islands are officially called, said he and the legislator from Matsu went to Taipei shortly after the internet broke down to ask for help, and was told they would get priority in any future internet backup plans.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Wang, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, said he had mentioned the cables on a recent visit to China, where he had met an executive from China Mobile.}}
#*{{quote-journal
|en
|year=1994
|month=April
|journal=光華
|trans-journal=Sinorama
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GIRDAAAAYAAJ
|volume=19
|issue=1-6
|publisher={{w|Government Information Office}}
|issn=0256-9043
|oclc=20549278
|year2=1994
|month2=April
|2ndauthor=Yuan-ching Cheng
|type2=journal
|title2=Kinmen- -From Battlefield to Tourist Destination
|journal2=台灣光華雜誌&lt;t:Taiwan Panorama&gt;
|translator2=Robert Taylor 
|archiveurl2=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021103917/https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=c9335c12-7ec3-40e7-96be-33a81416a223
|archivedate2=21 October 2022
|section2=Around Taiwan
|text=The temple to Colonel Li Kuang-chien lies near Hsiputou village in the northwest of Kinmen Island, around five kilometers from the town of '''Chincheng''' and next to the famous Hill 132.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Because Kinmen was settled early, it bears many traces of the past. There are 21 listed historical monuments scattered all over the island. The only Grade I monument among them is the &quot;Chiehhsiao Arch,&quot; commemorating Chiu Liang-kung's mother, located in East Houpu Street in the center of '''Chincheng'''.
}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>g9meh4i4b3q7i9ytg9r3cgq9zj2rvsn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291509</id>
      <parentid>6291508</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T19:03:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6291509</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29382" sha1="54wohts7n3taa9r61cckk4ejif2sp7l" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|magazine=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|year2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|work=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|rûpel=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|rûpel=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|rûpel=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|rûpel=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|rûpel=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|rûpel=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|rûpel=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|year2=1953|location2=New York, N.Y.|publisher2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|title2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|location2=London|publisher2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|year2=[1880s]|section2=book first|pages2=23–24|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|rûpel=224|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Kathleen Cross|year2=2016|title2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|chapter2=Material stocks|location2=London; New York|publisher2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|section2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|rûpel2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|rûpel=216|rêz-sade=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|newversion=quoted in|year2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|title2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|location2=London|publisher2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|rûpel2=72|urlya-rûpelê2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|rêz-sade2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|rûpel=72|rêz-sade=note 1|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|journal=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|cild=XXI|hejmar=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|newversion=reprinted as|type2=book|chapter2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|editor2=Howard Nelson|title2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|series2=Under Discussion|location2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|publisher2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|year2=1987|rûpel2=75|urlya-rûpelê2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|rûpel=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|rûpel=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|cild=I|rûpel=253|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|rûpel=176|urlya-rûpelê=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|newversion=translation of|ziman2=de|year2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|title2=Kriegsführung und Politik|location2=Berlin|publisher2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|rûpel2=199|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|year2=1982|year_published2=2010|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|title2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|series2=Gli Adelphi|seriesvolume2=41|chapter2=Libertà naturale|trans-chapter2=Natural Freedom|edition2=6th|location2=Milan|publisher2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|rûpel2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|stûn=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|sernav=Art VIII.—Who are the True Conservatives?|journal=The Quarterly Christian Spectator|cih=New Haven, Conn.|weşanxane=Published for the proprietor by Hezekiah Howe [...]|meh=November|sal=1838|cild=X|hejmar=IV|rûpel=608|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7MAAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA608|oclc=5090641|jêgirtin=They have guarded a few minds against '''sciolism''' and pretension in philosophy, and they have given a new and more imposing air to '''sciolism''' itself, and placed in the hands of the charlatan enchantments and magical arts, which hold fast its victims with a potency never granted to an inferior spell. There is no '''sciolism''' now which is more dangerous than that which is so very careful to inform us of its entire freedom from all that is superficial, {{...}}}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=March 8, 2023|paşnav=Wu|pêşnav=Huizhong|nivîskar2=Johnson Lai|sernav=Taiwan suspects Chinese ships cut islands’ internet cables|journal={{w|The Washington Post}}|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311220100/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/08/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china/d322fcae-bd70-11ed-9350-7c5fccd598ad_story.html|tarîxa-arşîvê=11 March 2023|issn=0190-8286|oclc=2269358|qisim=Business|date2=April 18, 2023|title2=Chinese ships cut internet of Taiwan’s outlying islands|type2=journal|journal2={{w|AP News}}|archiveurl2=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308053048/https://apnews.com/article/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china-65f10f5f73a346fa788436366d7a7c70|jêgirtin=Wang Chung Ming, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, as the Matsu islands are officially called, said he and the legislator from Matsu went to Taipei shortly after the internet broke down to ask for help, and was told they would get priority in any future internet backup plans.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Wang, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, said he had mentioned the cables on a recent visit to China, where he had met an executive from China Mobile.}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|sal=1994|meh=April|journal=光華|trans-journal=Sinorama|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GIRDAAAAYAAJ|cild=19|hejmar=1-6|weşanxane={{w|Government Information Office}}|issn=0256-9043|oclc=20549278|year2=1994|month2=April|2nivîskar=Yuan-ching Cheng|type2=journal|title2=Kinmen- -From Battlefield to Tourist Destination|journal2=台灣光華雜誌&lt;t:Taiwan Panorama&gt;|translator2=Robert Taylor|archiveurl2=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021103917/https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=c9335c12-7ec3-40e7-96be-33a81416a223|archivedate2=21 October 2022|section2=Around Taiwan|jêgirtin=The temple to Colonel Li Kuang-chien lies near Hsiputou village in the northwest of Kinmen Island, around five kilometers from the town of '''Chincheng''' and next to the famous Hill 132.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Because Kinmen was settled early, it bears many traces of the past. There are 21 listed historical monuments scattered all over the island. The only Grade I monument among them is the &quot;Chiehhsiao Arch,&quot; commemorating Chiu Liang-kung's mother, located in East Houpu Street in the center of '''Chincheng'''.}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>54wohts7n3taa9r61cckk4ejif2sp7l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291527</id>
      <parentid>6291509</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:39:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6291527</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29341" sha1="3ncrq577a182f9nl6ekhkri1zxeaw7w" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|kovar=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|cih2=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|sal2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|xebat=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|rûpel=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|rûpel=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|rûpel=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|rûpel=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|rûpel=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|rûpel=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|rûpel=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|sal2=1953|cih2=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|sernav2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|cih2=London|weşanxane2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|sal2=[1880s]|qisim2=book first|pages2=23–24|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|rûpel=224|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Kathleen Cross|sal2=2016|sernav2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|beş2=Material stocks|cih2=London; New York|weşanxane2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|qisim2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|rûpel2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|rûpel=216|rêz-sade=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|newversion=quoted in|sal2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|sernav2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih2=London|weşanxane2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|rûpel2=72|urlya-rûpelê2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|rêz-sade2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|rûpel=72|rêz-sade=note 1|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|kovar=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|cild=XXI|hejmar=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|newversion=reprinted as|cure2=book|beş2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|edîtor2=Howard Nelson|sernav2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|serî2=Under Discussion|cih2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|weşanxane2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|sal2=1987|rûpel2=75|urlya-rûpelê2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|rûpel=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|rûpel=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|cild=I|rûpel=253|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|rûpel=176|urlya-rûpelê=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|newversion=translation of|ziman2=de|sal2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|sernav2=Kriegsführung und Politik|cih2=Berlin|weşanxane2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|rûpel2=199|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|sal2=1982|sala-weşandinê2=2010|newversion=translated as|tlr2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|sernav2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|serî2=Gli Adelphi|cildê-seriyê2=41|beş2=Libertà naturale|tercimeya-beşê2=Natural Freedom|çap2=6th|cih2=Milan|weşanxane2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|rûpel2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|stûn=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|sernav=Art VIII.—Who are the True Conservatives?|kovar=The Quarterly Christian Spectator|cih=New Haven, Conn.|weşanxane=Published for the proprietor by Hezekiah Howe [...]|meh=November|sal=1838|cild=X|hejmar=IV|rûpel=608|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7MAAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA608|oclc=5090641|jêgirtin=They have guarded a few minds against '''sciolism''' and pretension in philosophy, and they have given a new and more imposing air to '''sciolism''' itself, and placed in the hands of the charlatan enchantments and magical arts, which hold fast its victims with a potency never granted to an inferior spell. There is no '''sciolism''' now which is more dangerous than that which is so very careful to inform us of its entire freedom from all that is superficial, {{...}}}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=March 8, 2023|paşnav=Wu|pêşnav=Huizhong|nivîskar2=Johnson Lai|sernav=Taiwan suspects Chinese ships cut islands’ internet cables|kovar={{w|The Washington Post}}|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311220100/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/08/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china/d322fcae-bd70-11ed-9350-7c5fccd598ad_story.html|tarîxa-arşîvê=11 March 2023|issn=0190-8286|oclc=2269358|qisim=Business|tarîx2=April 18, 2023|sernav2=Chinese ships cut internet of Taiwan’s outlying islands|cure2=journal|kovar2={{w|AP News}}|urlya-arşîvê2=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308053048/https://apnews.com/article/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china-65f10f5f73a346fa788436366d7a7c70|jêgirtin=Wang Chung Ming, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, as the Matsu islands are officially called, said he and the legislator from Matsu went to Taipei shortly after the internet broke down to ask for help, and was told they would get priority in any future internet backup plans.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Wang, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, said he had mentioned the cables on a recent visit to China, where he had met an executive from China Mobile.}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|sal=1994|meh=April|kovar=光華|tercimeya-kovar=Sinorama|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GIRDAAAAYAAJ|cild=19|hejmar=1-6|weşanxane={{w|Government Information Office}}|issn=0256-9043|oclc=20549278|sal2=1994|meh2=April|2nivîskar=Yuan-ching Cheng|cure2=journal|sernav2=Kinmen- -From Battlefield to Tourist Destination|kovar2=台灣光華雜誌&lt;t:Taiwan Panorama&gt;|translator2=Robert Taylor|urlya-arşîvê2=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021103917/https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=c9335c12-7ec3-40e7-96be-33a81416a223|tarîxa-arşîvê2=21 October 2022|qisim2=Around Taiwan|jêgirtin=The temple to Colonel Li Kuang-chien lies near Hsiputou village in the northwest of Kinmen Island, around five kilometers from the town of '''Chincheng''' and next to the famous Hill 132.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Because Kinmen was settled early, it bears many traces of the past. There are 21 listed historical monuments scattered all over the island. The only Grade I monument among them is the &quot;Chiehhsiao Arch,&quot; commemorating Chiu Liang-kung's mother, located in East Houpu Street in the center of '''Chincheng'''.}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>3ncrq577a182f9nl6ekhkri1zxeaw7w</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291530</id>
      <parentid>6291527</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:52:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6291530</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29366" sha1="b1vv1ejw620i7c20ausdmbuj0epf1mv" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|kovar=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|cih2=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|sal2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|xebat=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|rûpel=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|rûpel=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|rûpel=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|rûpel=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|rûpel=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|rûpel=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|rûpel=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|sal2=1953|cih2=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|sernav2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|cih2=London|weşanxane2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|sal2=[1880s]|qisim2=book first|pages2=23–24|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|rûpel=224|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|versiyona-nû=translated as|terciman2=Kathleen Cross|sal2=2016|sernav2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|beş2=Material stocks|cih2=London; New York|weşanxane2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|qisim2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|rûpel2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|rûpel=216|rêz-sade=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|versiyona-nû=quoted in|sal2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|sernav2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih2=London|weşanxane2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|rûpel2=72|urlya-rûpelê2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|rêz-sade2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|rûpel=72|rêz-sade=note 1|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|kovar=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|cild=XXI|hejmar=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|versiyona-nû=reprinted as|cure2=book|beş2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|edîtor2=Howard Nelson|sernav2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|serî2=Under Discussion|cih2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|weşanxane2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|sal2=1987|rûpel2=75|urlya-rûpelê2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|rûpel=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|rûpel=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|cild=I|rûpel=253|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|rûpel=176|urlya-rûpelê=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|versiyona-nû=translation of|ziman2=de|sal2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|sernav2=Kriegsführung und Politik|cih2=Berlin|weşanxane2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|rûpel2=199|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|sal2=1982|sala-weşandinê2=2010|versiyona-nû=translated as|terciman2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|sernav2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|serî2=Gli Adelphi|cildê-seriyê2=41|beş2=Libertà naturale|tercimeya-beşê2=Natural Freedom|çap2=6th|cih2=Milan|weşanxane2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|rûpel2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|stûn=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|sernav=Art VIII.—Who are the True Conservatives?|kovar=The Quarterly Christian Spectator|cih=New Haven, Conn.|weşanxane=Published for the proprietor by Hezekiah Howe [...]|meh=November|sal=1838|cild=X|hejmar=IV|rûpel=608|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7MAAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA608|oclc=5090641|jêgirtin=They have guarded a few minds against '''sciolism''' and pretension in philosophy, and they have given a new and more imposing air to '''sciolism''' itself, and placed in the hands of the charlatan enchantments and magical arts, which hold fast its victims with a potency never granted to an inferior spell. There is no '''sciolism''' now which is more dangerous than that which is so very careful to inform us of its entire freedom from all that is superficial, {{...}}}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=March 8, 2023|paşnav=Wu|pêşnav=Huizhong|nivîskar2=Johnson Lai|sernav=Taiwan suspects Chinese ships cut islands’ internet cables|kovar={{w|The Washington Post}}|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311220100/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/08/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china/d322fcae-bd70-11ed-9350-7c5fccd598ad_story.html|tarîxa-arşîvê=11 March 2023|issn=0190-8286|oclc=2269358|qisim=Business|tarîx2=April 18, 2023|sernav2=Chinese ships cut internet of Taiwan’s outlying islands|cure2=journal|kovar2={{w|AP News}}|urlya-arşîvê2=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308053048/https://apnews.com/article/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china-65f10f5f73a346fa788436366d7a7c70|jêgirtin=Wang Chung Ming, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, as the Matsu islands are officially called, said he and the legislator from Matsu went to Taipei shortly after the internet broke down to ask for help, and was told they would get priority in any future internet backup plans.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Wang, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, said he had mentioned the cables on a recent visit to China, where he had met an executive from China Mobile.}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|sal=1994|meh=April|kovar=光華|tercimeya-kovar=Sinorama|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GIRDAAAAYAAJ|cild=19|hejmar=1-6|weşanxane={{w|Government Information Office}}|issn=0256-9043|oclc=20549278|sal2=1994|meh2=April|2nivîskar=Yuan-ching Cheng|cure2=journal|sernav2=Kinmen- -From Battlefield to Tourist Destination|kovar2=台灣光華雜誌&lt;t:Taiwan Panorama&gt;|translator2=Robert Taylor|urlya-arşîvê2=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021103917/https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=c9335c12-7ec3-40e7-96be-33a81416a223|tarîxa-arşîvê2=21 October 2022|qisim2=Around Taiwan|jêgirtin=The temple to Colonel Li Kuang-chien lies near Hsiputou village in the northwest of Kinmen Island, around five kilometers from the town of '''Chincheng''' and next to the famous Hill 132.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Because Kinmen was settled early, it bears many traces of the past. There are 21 listed historical monuments scattered all over the island. The only Grade I monument among them is the &quot;Chiehhsiao Arch,&quot; commemorating Chiu Liang-kung's mother, located in East Houpu Street in the center of '''Chincheng'''.}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>b1vv1ejw620i7c20ausdmbuj0epf1mv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291543</id>
      <parentid>6291530</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:28:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)</comment>
      <origin>6291543</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29364" sha1="67p8otrhfbmgv1pqi2nco2l7ruh63p0" xml:space="preserve">{{/vê rêzê neguhêre}}
== {{ziman|en}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|en}}
# Maneya 1ê.
#: {{mk|ku|'''Nimûneyeke''' bikaranînê ya vê peyvê.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Justin Chang|lînka-nivîskar=Justin Chang|sernav=The Day He Arrives [film review]|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628015008/https://variety.com/2011/film/markets-festivals/the-day-he-arrives-1117945326/|tarîxa-arşîvê=28 June 2017|kovar=[[w:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|tarîx=25 May 2011|issn=0042-2738|oclc=960911146|jêgirtin=The outline could apply to most of the self-effacing, increasingly inward-looking comedies written and directed by [[w:Hong Sang-soo|Hong Sang-soo]], and it certainly describes &quot;[[w:The Day He Arrives|The Day He Arrives]],&quot; an agreeably meandering exercise that brings some clever French New Wave '''fillips''' and structural repetitions to Hong's characteristically boozy party.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald|lînka-nivîskar=F. Scott Fitzgerald|beş=IX|sernav=[[w:The Great Gatsby|The Great Gatsby]]|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=[[w:Charles Scribner's Sons|Charles Scribner’s Sons]]|sal=1925|oclc=884653065|cih2=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|sal2=1953|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|en|nivîskar=Meg Downey|sernav=Marvel’s Comic Soul Stone could Explain the Jump from Infinity War’s Ending to Avengers 4: A Brief History of Crazy Multidimensional Power|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110542/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/7/17328230/infinity-war-avengers-4-marvel-comics-soul-stone|tarîxa-arşîvê=24 June 2018|xebat=[[w:Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|tarîx=7 May 2018|jêgirtin=There’s a very real chance that, rather than crumbling into the dust and floating off into the '''ether''', Thanos’s victims [in the film ''[[w:Avengers: Infinity War|Avengers: Infinity War]]''] were actually sucked up into the Soul Stone.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=23 December 2021|nivîskar=Harry Hobbs; George Williams|sernav=Micronations and the Search for Sovereignty|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/micronations-and-the-search-for-sovereignty/B0414A3A322695D9EE71E4CDDFDA06DE|weşanxane=Cambridge University Press|rûpel=155|isbn=978-1-009-15012-5|jêgirtin=The Republic of Molossia has played a considerable role in developing '''intermicronational''' diplomacy.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=c. 1988|nivîskar=Peter W. Rodino, Jr.; et al.|sernav=Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran/Contra Affair|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=ew_K3auTwEgC&amp;pg=PA646&amp;dq=phone+call|rûpel=646|jêgirtin=On November 20, they had a '''phone call''' and later a meeting with others lasting at least 1 1/2 hours.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Medical Surgical Nursing|serî=Juta's Manual of Nursing|cildê-seriyê=volume 4|edîtor=Sophie Mataniele Mogotlane; Joyce Mokoena; Motshedisi Eunice Chauke; Anne Young|sal=2005|weşanxane=Juta Academic|isbn=978-0702171840|rûpel=!12-29|jêgirtin=Centrally acting '''sympathicolytics''' cause a decrease in the sympathetic outflow from the brainstem. This reduction in sympathetic outflow brings about vasodilatation of the peripheral vascular bed with a concomitant drop in the blood pressure}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2005|edîtor=Martin Endress; George Psathas; Hisashi Nasu|beş=Between the Everyday Life-World and the World of Social Scientific Theory—Towards an “Adequate” Social Thory|nivîskar=Hisashi Nasu|sernav=Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz|weşanxane=Springer|isbn=1402032196|rûpel=136|jêgirtin=It is not only the '''man on the street''' who is characterized by taking one's own system of relevance for granted. This holds true for the expert,....}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2002|nivîskar=Peter Shirlow|beş=Sinn Féin: Beyond; within Containment|hejmara-beşê=4|edîtor=Stefan Wolff; Jörg Neuheiser|sernav=Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland|weşanxane=Berghahn Books|isbn=157181518X|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=QyInASKCFjcC&amp;pg=PA62&amp;dq=ethnosectarian&amp;sig=Q54T1Vz3vsKnqd05666N1ddFki8|rûpel=62|jêgirtin=Moreover, language, discourse, and dialogue, their definition and mobilisation, create chains of equivalence which enclose subjects within not only '''ethnosectarian''' but at times entirely self-referential and self-sustained notions of identity, practice and collective devotion.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sernav=Extreme Hydrological Events: New Concepts for Security|edîtor=O.F. Vasiliev; P.H.A.J.M. van Gelder; E.J. Plate; M.V. Bolgov|sal=2007|weşanxane=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=1402057393|beş=Predetermination of Floods|nivîskar=Pierre Hubert; Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia; Daniel Schertzer; Hocine Bendjoudi; Shaun Lovejoy|qisim=On Probability and Return Periods of Floods|hejmara-qismê=2|rûpel=187|jêgirtin=It is perfectly legitimate to be interested, particularly for safety studies, by millennium floods or floods or '''decamillennium''' floods (i.e. having a probability 0,001 and 0,0001 respectively to occur in the course of given year) of a river which did not exist five thousand years ago and that will not exist perhaps any more in ten thousand years, similarly to the industrial interest in the probability of faults which will not undoubtedly occur, because the minimization of their probability is an aspect of a policy of industrial security.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1995|nivîskar=w:Robert M. Solovay|nivîskarê-sereke=w:Kurt Gödel|edîtor=w:Solomon Feferman; w:John W. Dawson Jr.; w:Warren Goldfarb; {{w|Charles Parsons (philosopher)|Charles Parsons}}; w:Robert M. Solovay|beş=Notes to *1970 &amp;#91;{{w|Godel's ontological proof}}&amp;#93;|sernav=Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gDzbuUwma5MC&amp;pg=PA419&amp;dq=%22Hausdorff+gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff+gaps%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjo-o7D9OT7AhVQJUQIHaSlBIgQ6AF6BAhXEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Hausdorff%20gap%22%7C%22Hausdorff%20gaps%22&amp;f=false|rûpel=419|weşanxane=w:Oxford University Press|jêgirtin=Of course, Hausdorff did not talk of models of set theory or prove absoluteness results. He gave a direct construction in ''ZFC'' of what is now called a '''Hausdorff gap''' and proved properties 1 through 4 for his construction. The notion of a '''Hausdorff gap''' and the proof that '''Hausdorff gaps''' are indestructible under cardinal preserving extensions (property 5 above) are due to Kunen (unpublished).}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1925|nivîskar={{w|F. Scott Fitzgerald|F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald}}|beş=IX|sernav=w:The Great Gatsby|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:Charles Scribner's Sons|oclc=884653065|sal2=1953|cih2=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane2=Charles Scribner’s Sons|isbn2=978-0-684-16498-4|rûpel2=182|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.184960/2015.184960.The-Great-Gatsby#page/n185/mode/1up|jêgirtin=So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back '''ceaselessly''' into the past.|lccn=gm 95-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:John Boyle O'Reilly|beş=On the Trail|sernav=[[w:Moondyne|Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world]]|cih=London|weşanxane=[[w:Routledge|George Routledge and Sons]]|sal=1878|sala-weşandinê=1879|oclc=39983928|sernav2=Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia|cih2=London|weşanxane2=George Routledge &amp; Sons, Limited, Broadway House, {{w|Ludgate Hill}}|sal2=[1880s]|qisim2=book first|pages2=23–24|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/stream/moondynestory00oreirich#page/24/mode/1up/|oclc2=83033698|jêgirtin=It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and '''grislier''' desolation.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=1966|sala-orîjînal=1858|nivîskar=w:Hans Christian Andersen|terciman=Pat Shaw Iversen|orîjînal=Suppe paa en Pølsepind|zimanê-orîjînal=da|beş=Soup from a Sausage Peg|sernav=The Snow Queen and Other Tales|serî=Signet Classic|cildê-seriyê=CT334|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=w:New American Library|rûpel=224|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=2tjWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22from+your+own+nook+and+cranny%22#search_anchor|oclc=636818779|metna-orîjînal=da:Det er underligt at komme hjemme fra sin egen '''Krinkelkrog''', gaae med Skib, der ogsaa er en Slags '''Krinkelkrog''', og saa pludselig være over hundrede Mile borte og staae i et fremmedt Land.|jêgirtin=It’s strange to come away from home, from your own '''nook and cranny''', to go by ship – which is also a kind of '''nook and cranny''' – and then suddenly be more than a hundred miles away and stand in a foreign land!}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|sal=2013|nivîskar=Bernd Klauer; Reiner Manstetten; Thomas Petersen; Johannes Schiller|zimanê-eserê=de|beş=Materielle Bestände|sernav=Die Kunst, langfristig zu denken : Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit&lt;t:The art of thinking long-term : paths to sustainability&gt;|cih=Baden-Baden|weşanxane=Nomos|versiyona-nû=translated as|terciman2=Kathleen Cross|sal2=2016|sernav2=Sustainability and the Art of Long-Term Thinking|beş2=Material stocks|cih2=London; New York|weşanxane2=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group|qisim2=4.3.1. Material sets and stocks|rûpel2=44|isbn2=9781134986187|jêgirtin=The property of '''appertainment''' of a set is therefore the property which, by definition, has to be given in every element of the set.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar={{w|Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|Andrew Seth}}|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|sal=1887|sala-weşandinê=1893|rûpel=216|rêz-sade=footnote|cih=Edinburgh; London|weşanxane=William Blackwood and Sons|versiyona-nû=quoted in|sal2=1893|2nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|sernav2=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih2=London|weşanxane2=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|rûpel2=72|urlya-rûpelê2=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|rêz-sade2=note 1|oclc2=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:David George Ritchie|jê-tê-girtin=w:Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison|sernav=Hegelianism and Personality|çap=2nd|kesên-din=1893, page 216, footnote|cihê-jêgirtinê=Darwin and Hegel, with other Philosophical Studies|cih=London|weşanxane=S. Sonnenschein &amp; Co.; New York, N.Y.: [[w:Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan &amp; Co.]]|sal=1893|rûpel=72|rêz-sade=note 1|urlya-rûpelê=http://books.google.com/books?id=8yGEAHvAwiIC&amp;q=%22An+absolute+system+cannot+afford+to+leave+any+nook+or+cranny+of+existence+unexplored%22#search_anchor|oclc=3299658|jêgirtin=An absolute system cannot afford to leave '''any nook or cranny''' of existence unexplored.}}
#* {{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|nivîskar=w:Hayden Carruth|sernav=Making It New|kovar=w:The Hudson Review|cih=New York, N.Y.|weşanxane=Hudson Review, Inc.|meh=Summer|sal=1968|cild=XXI|hejmar=2|issn=2325-5935|oclc=920393805|versiyona-nû=reprinted as|cure2=book|beş2=From ‘Making It New’ [''Body Rags'']|edîtor2=Howard Nelson|sernav2=On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying|serî2=Under Discussion|cih2=Ann Arbor, Mich.|weşanxane2={{w|University of Michigan Press}}|sal2=1987|rûpel2=75|urlya-rûpelê2=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cXV26PmJUYC&amp;pg=PA75|isbn2=978-0-472-09376-2|jêgirtin=In his &amp;#91;{{w|Galway Kinnell}}'s&amp;#93; new book, ''Body Rags'', he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, &quot;The Porcupine&quot; and &quot;The Bear.&quot; These are the '''grisliest''' poems I have ever read.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|sal=1973|nivîskar=w:Claude Simon|sernav=Tryptique|weşanxane=Éditions de Minuit|rûpel=12|jêgirtin=Les sons de la cloche '''égrenant''' les quarts, les demies et les heures {{...}}|t=The sounds of the clock '''rattling off''' the quarters, the halves and the hours {{...}}}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|de
|sal=1999|nivîskar=Paul Hoffmann|hevnivîskar=Stefan H. Brandenburger; Ulrike Brauner; Thomas Hieke|sernav=Q 22:28, 30: You Will Judge the Twelve Tribes of Israel|serî=Documenta Q: Reconstructions of Q Through Two Centuries of Gospel Research Excerpted, Sorted and Evaluated|cildê-seriyê=volume 5|isbn=90-429-0734-7|rûpel=189|jêgirtin=Zumal in beiden Fällen eine Partizipialform vorliegt, liegt es nahe, die '''Zeitworte''' als Varianten anzusehen.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|nivîskar=lw:ru:[[Филарет (Дроздов)|Митрополи́т Филаре́т]]&lt;tr:-&gt;&lt;t:Mitropolit Filaret&gt;|beş=ru:Сло́во предъ приведеніемъ къ присягѣ Санктпетербурксаго дворя́нства и гражданъ для избранія суде́й|tarîx=1818-02-01&lt;!--Converted to Gregorian--&gt;|sala-weşandinê=1873|cih=Moscow|sernav=ru:Сочинеиія Филарета Митрополита Московскаго и Коломенскаго|cild=I|rûpel=253|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWEcAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA253|jêgirtin=[[изъ|Изъ]] [[сей|сего́]] [[ви́дно]], [[что]] [[судья|судія́]], [[как|какъ]] [[блюсти́тель]] [[общественный|обще́ственнаго]] [[порядок|поря́дка]], [[должен|долженъ]] '''объима́ть''' [[и]] [[проника́ть]] [[мысль|мы́слію]] [[весь]] [[состав|соста́въ]] [[общество|о́бщества]];|t=From this it becomes discernible that a judge, in his function as a warden of public order, should '''enclose''' and traverse the whole body of the society;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|yi
|nivîskar=I.J. Singer|sernav=Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer|sal=1946|beş=yi:אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג&lt;subst:ייד/ייִד,מלמד/מעלאַמעד,פּורים/פּורעם,מלאך/מאַלעך&gt;&lt;t:A Jew, a teacher, decides to become an angel on Purim and, unfortunately, loses an eye&gt;|jêgirtin=יעדן '''זמן''' אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.|subst=זמן//זמאַן,חול־המועד//כאַלעמויעד,סוכות//סוקוס,פּסח//פּייסעך,מלמד//מעלאַמעד,נייער//נײַער|tercime=Every '''term''' anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ru
|sal=1983|nivîskar=w:Samuil Marshak|sernav=Баллада о королевском бутерброде&lt;subst:бутер/бутэр&gt;&lt;t:Ballad of the King's Bread&gt;|orîjînal=The King's Breakfast|ji-aliyê=w:A. A. Milne|metna-orîjînal=en:&quot;Nobody,&quot; / He whimpered, / &quot;Could call me / A fussy man; / I only want / A little bit / Of butter for / My bread!&quot;|zimanê-orîjînal=en|jêgirtin=— [[никто|Никто́]] [[не]] [[сказать|ска́жет]], [[бу́дто]] [[я]] / [[тиран|Тира́н]] [[и]] [[сумасбро́д]], / [[за|За]] [[то́]], [[что]] [[к]] [[чай|ча́ю]] [[я]] [[любить|люблю́]] / [[хороший|Хоро́ший]] '''бутербро́д'''.|subst=бутербро́д/бутэрбро́д|t=&quot;No one would say that I / Am a tyrant and madman, / For the fact that with my tea I like / A good '''bread-and-butter sandwich'''.&quot;}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ota
|sal=1922|sernav=ota:ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست&lt;tr:Idare-i harb ve siyaset&gt;|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane=ota:مطبعهٔ عثمانیه|rûpel=176|urlya-rûpelê=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0006749931&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=182|versiyona-nû=translation of|ziman2=de|sal2=1922|2nivîskar=w:Erich Ludendorff|sernav2=Kriegsführung und Politik|cih2=Berlin|weşanxane2=E. S. Mittler &amp; Sohn|rûpel2=199|urlya-rûpelê2=https://archive.org/details/kriegfhrungund00lude/page/199|jêgirtin=شرقی غالیچیا، و بوقوونیاده شمندوفر نقاباتی تأسس ایتدكدن صكره شرقده '''صلحی''' تأمین ایچون دینیه‌ستر نهری جنوبندن روس — رومن جبهه‌سنه قارشو حربه دوام ایتمك فكرندن فراغت ایتمك لازمكلیورایدی. بر قصقاچ تأثیری یاپه‌بیلمك ایچون بری قلاص غربندن یوقاره‌سه‌ره‌ت اوزرینه و دیكری دینیه‌ستر جنوبندن اولمق اوزره مضاعف بر تعرض اجراسی لازمكلیور ایده.|tr=Şarki Galiçya, ve Bukovinyada‌ şömendüfer nakabatı tesis itdikden soñra şarkda sulhı temin içün Dinyester nehri cenubundan rus-rumen cebhesine karşu harbe devam itmek fikrinden feragat itmek lazım geliyor idi. Bir kıskaç tesiri yapabilmek içün biri Kalas garbından yukara-yı Seret üzerine ve diğeri Dinyester cenubundan olmak üzere muzaaf bir taarruz icrası lazım geliyor idi.|metna-orîjînal=de:Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.|t=Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force '''peace''' in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|it
|sernav=L'œuvre complète de Tchouang-tseu|terciman=Liou Kia-hway&lt;f:Hant:劉家槐&gt;&lt;f:Pinyin:Liú Jiāhuái&gt;|orîjînal={{w|Zhuangzi (book)|Zhuang-zi}}|ji-aliyê=莊周&lt;t:Zhuang Zhou&gt;|zimanê-orîjînal=och|sala-orîjînal=c. 300 {{BCE}}|sal=1969|sal2=1982|sala-weşandinê2=2010|versiyona-nû=translated as|terciman2=Carlo Laurenti; Christine Leverd|sernav2=Zhuang-zi [Chuang-tzu]|serî2=Gli Adelphi|cildê-seriyê2=41|beş2=Libertà naturale|tercimeya-beşê2=Natural Freedom|çap2=6th|cih2=Milan|weşanxane2={{w|Adelphi Edizioni}}|rûpel2=17|isbn2=978-88-459-0950-4|metna-orîjînal=och:之人也，物莫之傷，大浸稽天而不溺，大旱、金石流、土山焦而不熱。|jêgirtin=Se le acque si alzassero fino al cielo, non annegherebbero. Se la siccità '''liquefacesse''' i metalli e infiammasse le montagne, non ne sarebbero neppure sfiorati.|t=If the waters were to rise to the skies, they wouldn't drown. If drought were to '''liquefy''' metals, and set fire to the mountains, they wouldn't even be touched by it.}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|fr
|zimanê-termê=en|sal=1677|nivîskar=Guy Miege [''i.e.'', [[w:fr:Guy Miège|Guy Miège]]]|made=HAGGESS|urlya-madeyê=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbWtTwVbLioC&amp;pg=PP857|sernav=A New Dictionary French and English, with Another English and French; According  to the Present Use, and Modern Orthography of the French. Inrich’d with New Words, Choice Phrases, and Apposite Proverbs; Digested into a Most Accurate Method; and Contrived for the Use Both of English and Foreiners|cih=London|weşanxane=Printed by Tho[mas] Dawks, for Thomas Basset, at the George, near [[w:Clifford's Inn|Cliffords-inn]], in [[w:Fleet Street|Fleetstreet]]|stûn=3|oclc=874955677|jêgirtin='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', ſort d'appret fait avec des herbes, du larde caupé menu, des épices, des œufs, &amp; du fromage, le tout mis enſemble &amp; bouilli dans une panſe de brebis.|t='''HAGGESS''', '''haggas''', or '''haggis''', a sort of preparation made with herbs, bacon, spices, eggs, cheese, all put together and boiled in a sheep's belly.|brackets=1}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en|sernav=Art VIII.—Who are the True Conservatives?|kovar=The Quarterly Christian Spectator|cih=New Haven, Conn.|weşanxane=Published for the proprietor by Hezekiah Howe [...]|meh=November|sal=1838|cild=X|hejmar=IV|rûpel=608|urlya-rûpelê=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7MAAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA608|oclc=5090641|jêgirtin=They have guarded a few minds against '''sciolism''' and pretension in philosophy, and they have given a new and more imposing air to '''sciolism''' itself, and placed in the hands of the charlatan enchantments and magical arts, which hold fast its victims with a potency never granted to an inferior spell. There is no '''sciolism''' now which is more dangerous than that which is so very careful to inform us of its entire freedom from all that is superficial, {{...}}}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|tarîx=March 8, 2023|paşnav=Wu|pêşnav=Huizhong|nivîskar2=Johnson Lai|sernav=Taiwan suspects Chinese ships cut islands’ internet cables|kovar={{w|The Washington Post}}|urlya-arşîvê=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311220100/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/08/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china/d322fcae-bd70-11ed-9350-7c5fccd598ad_story.html|tarîxa-arşîvê=11 March 2023|issn=0190-8286|oclc=2269358|qisim=Business|tarîx2=April 18, 2023|sernav2=Chinese ships cut internet of Taiwan’s outlying islands|cure2=journal|kovar2={{w|AP News}}|urlya-arşîvê2=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308053048/https://apnews.com/article/matsu-taiwan-internet-cables-cut-china-65f10f5f73a346fa788436366d7a7c70|jêgirtin=Wang Chung Ming, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, as the Matsu islands are officially called, said he and the legislator from Matsu went to Taipei shortly after the internet broke down to ask for help, and was told they would get priority in any future internet backup plans.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Wang, the head of '''Lienchiang''' County, said he had mentioned the cables on a recent visit to China, where he had met an executive from China Mobile.}}
#*{{jêder-kovar/ceribandin|en
|sal=1994|meh=April|kovar=光華|tercimeya-kovar=Sinorama|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GIRDAAAAYAAJ|cild=19|hejmar=1-6|weşanxane={{w|Government Information Office}}|issn=0256-9043|oclc=20549278|sal2=1994|meh2=April|2nivîskar=Yuan-ching Cheng|cure2=journal|sernav2=Kinmen- -From Battlefield to Tourist Destination|kovar2=台灣光華雜誌&lt;t:Taiwan Panorama&gt;|terciman2=Robert Taylor|urlya-arşîvê2=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021103917/https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=c9335c12-7ec3-40e7-96be-33a81416a223|tarîxa-arşîvê2=21 October 2022|qisim2=Around Taiwan|jêgirtin=The temple to Colonel Li Kuang-chien lies near Hsiputou village in the northwest of Kinmen Island, around five kilometers from the town of '''Chincheng''' and next to the famous Hill 132.{{...}}&lt;br&gt;Because Kinmen was settled early, it bears many traces of the past. There are 21 listed historical monuments scattered all over the island. The only Grade I monument among them is the &quot;Chiehhsiao Arch,&quot; commemorating Chiu Liang-kung's mother, located in East Houpu Street in the center of '''Chincheng'''.}}

== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
[[Wêne:Example.jpg|thumb|Mînak]]
{{lêker|ku}}
# [[testsdfsdafdasfas]]
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Mîr Kamûran di sala 1947 an de li '''Fransayê''' bicîh bû, û heta 1970ê li Xwendegeha zimanên rojhilatî ya Zaningeha Parîsê Profesorîya ziman û çanda Kurdî kir.|nivîskar=Kamuran A.Bedir Khan|nivîskar2=Josefe Bertolino|nivîskar3=Kendal Nezan|sernav=Institut Kurde De Paris Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransizî|cih=Istanbul|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Avesta|Avesta}}|sal=2017|çap=1|rûpel=XXXIX|isbn=978-2-360134311}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Li gor amareke ajanseke selametiya xorakê, xelkê '''Fransa''' salane nêzîkî 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin, ku ew jî bi qasî goştê 40 nehengên şîn e. Ji bo dabînkirina pêwîstiya bazarê jî, li '''Fransayê''' kêlgeh û cihên taybet ên xwedîkirina Beqan hene. Beşek ji wêneyên di vê wênenûçeyê de, kêlgeha xwedîkirina Beqan li navçeyeke '''Fransayê''' ye, herwiha beşek ji wêneyan jî awayê patin û çêkirina xwarinê ji goştê Beqan di xwaringehan de û pêşkêşkirina wan bi mêvanan nîşan didin.|nivîskar=ciwan ikbal|sernav=Fransî di salekê de 4,000 ton Beqan dixwin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/101020201|dîrok=10.10.2020}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Bale awayeke dansê ye. Babetek ji şanoya musîkal e. Ji bo dansa baleyê, divê meriv cansivik û nerm be. Loma jî bale gelekî antremanê dixwaze û divê meriv di temenekî biçûk de dest pê bike. Di baleyê de, meriv li gor livên diyarkirî dansê dike. Hinek ji wan tu di wêne de dibînî. Ji ber ku bale li '''Fransayê''' bi pêş ketiye, loma navên livên wê jî bi [[fransî]] ne.|amadekar=Komxebat|sernav=Ansîklopediya Zarokan|cih=Denmark&lt;br&gt;|weşanxane={{w|Weşanên APECl|APEC}}|sal=2004|rûpel=25|isbn=91-89675-32-0}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Hekayêta Betal Kirina '''Xezeta''' Hetawî Kurd|sal=~1910|sala-weşandinê=2026|nivîskar=Mela Seîdê Şemdînanî|amadekar=David N. MacKenzie, Ergin Öpengin|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eqvrEQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA383&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=2&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I: Kurdish Writings on the History and Culture of Central Kurdistan by Mullah Saʼid Shamdinani|weşanxane=BRILL|ISBN=9789004754430|rûpel=383}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=Baş e, '''xezete''' dê bi çi ezmanî derkevit?|nivîskar=E. Rehmî Ji Mala Hekarîyan|amadekar=M. E. Bozarslan|sernav=Jîn: kovara Kurdî-Tirkî. Cild 1|weşanxane=Weşanxana Deng|cih=Uppsala|sala-weşandinê=1985|sal=1918|rûpel=310|isbn=978-91-970702-0-1}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=ligor{{sic}} danezanên '''xezete''' ên Turk hezar insan li kurdistan hatin kuştin ku ji %&amp;nbsp;70 jin û zaruk kal » pîrbûn|nivîskar=Hesen Hişyar Serdî|sernav=Dîtin û Bîrhatinên Min|weşanxane=Çapxana Emîral|cih=Beyrût|sal=1991|sala-weşandinê=2000|rûpel=380|url=https://bnk.institutkurde.org/images/pdf/CTNPMX4FR6.pdf}}
#* {{jêder-malper/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin='''Xezeteyên''' Kurdî yên li Stenbolê derdiketin bên îstisnakirin, xezeteyekî millî û wetenî yê ku yekemîn car li Kurdistanê hatîye neşirkirin, ew jî xezeteya Zarê Kirmancî ye, ku min xwendîye.|nivîskar=Seîd Veroj|sernav=Mesûd Fanî (Dr. Mesûd Fanî Bîlgîlî)|websîte=Rûpela nû|url=https://www.rupelanu.com/seid-veroj-mesud-fani-dr-mesud-fani-bilgili-17258h.htm|tarîx=2021-05-04}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|jêgirtin=me '''xezete''' da destê wî jî.|sal=2022|nivîskar=Abdurrahman Benek|url=http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SdSUEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33&amp;dq=%22wan+xezetan%22+OR+%22xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetin%22+OR+%22xezetek%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezeta%22+OR+%22w%C3%AA+xezet%C3%AA%22+OR+%22xezetino%22+OR+%22xezetine%22&amp;hl=&amp;cd=3&amp;source=gbs_api|sernav=Payiza Mezinan|weşanxane=Nûbihar|ISBN=9786059413749|rûpel=33}}
#* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Jêgirtinek ji kitêbekê.|nivîskar=Rojen Barnas|sernav=Sîlvan/ Silîvan / FARQÎN|dîrok=2013|weşandxane=Nûbihar|rûpel=189|isbn= 9786055402884, 6055402882}}
#* {{jêder-websîte|ku|nivîskar=Gazete Duvar|sernav=Şairê dubeytan: Baba Tahirê Uryan|websîte=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/saire-dubeytan-baba-tahire-uryan-haber-1753893|sal=2025|tarîx=2025-02-02|jêgirtin=adfasdf}}
#* {{jêder-kitêb/ceribandin|ku|sernav=Shamdinani Stories I|weşanxane=Brill|sal=2026|isbn=978-90-04-75443-0|url=https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/74006|jêgirtin=test}}
# Maneya 3an.</text>
      <sha1>67p8otrhfbmgv1pqi2nco2l7ruh63p0</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kategorî:Peyvên kurmancî bi paşgira -end</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>1358174</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-07-25T13:07:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bi riya [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/addAutoCat.js/belge|JS]]: {{katbike}} û înterwîkî</comment>
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      <text bytes="11" sha1="1dpx16ue3vl1l6c1hkqu0q6ftpl2ezh" xml:space="preserve">{{katbike}}</text>
      <sha1>1dpx16ue3vl1l6c1hkqu0q6ftpl2ezh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/json/citeKurdifier.json</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>1358175</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290824</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:44:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rûpel bi &quot;{ 	&quot;templates&quot;: { 		&quot;cite web&quot;: &quot;Jêder-malper&quot;, 		&quot;cite book&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kitêb&quot;, 		&quot;jêder-pirtûk&quot;: &quot;Jêder-pirtûk&quot;, 		&quot;cite journal&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kovar&quot;, 		&quot;cite news&quot;: &quot;Jêder-nûçe&quot;, 		&quot;cite magazine&quot;: &quot;Jêder-magazîn&quot;, 		&quot;cite encyclopedia&quot;: &quot;Jêder-ensîklopedî&quot;, 		&quot;citation&quot;: &quot;Jêder&quot; 	}, 	&quot;basic_params&quot;: { 		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;, 		&quot;accessdate&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;, 		&quot;agency&quot;: &quot;ajans&quot;, 		&quot;archive-date&quot;: &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;, 		&quot;archivedate&quot;: &quot;roja-...&quot; hat çêkirin</comment>
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      <text bytes="8351" sha1="ey6fzdjj9uqo4eggnw652c70fft9sv5" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;cite web&quot;: &quot;Jêder-malper&quot;,
		&quot;cite book&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kitêb&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-pirtûk&quot;: &quot;Jêder-pirtûk&quot;,
		&quot;cite journal&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kovar&quot;,
		&quot;cite news&quot;: &quot;Jêder-nûçe&quot;,
		&quot;cite magazine&quot;: &quot;Jêder-magazîn&quot;,
		&quot;cite encyclopedia&quot;: &quot;Jêder-ensîklopedî&quot;,
		&quot;citation&quot;: &quot;Jêder&quot;
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;agency&quot;: &quot;ajans&quot;,
		&quot;archive-date&quot;: &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;archivedate&quot;: &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;archive-format&quot;: &quot;formata-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;archive-url&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;article-number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-gotarê&quot;,
		&quot;book-title&quot;: &quot;sernavê-kitêbê&quot;,
		&quot;booktitle&quot;: &quot;sernavê-kitêbê&quot;,
		&quot;conference&quot;: &quot;konferans&quot;,
		&quot;event&quot;: &quot;bûyer&quot;,
		&quot;conference-format&quot;: &quot;formata-konferansê&quot;,
		&quot;conference-url&quot;: &quot;urlya-konferansê&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;tarîx&quot;,
		&quot;air-date&quot;: &quot;roja-weşandina-rêzefîlmê&quot;,
		&quot;airdate&quot;: &quot;roja-weşandina-rêzefîlmê&quot;,
		&quot;display-authors&quot;: &quot;nivîskaran-nîşan-bide&quot;,
		&quot;display-subjects&quot;: &quot;nivîskaran-nîşan-bide&quot;,
		&quot;display-editors&quot;: &quot;edîtoran-nîşan-bide&quot;,
		&quot;edition&quot;: &quot;çap&quot;,
		&quot;encyclopedia&quot;: &quot;ensîklopedî&quot;,
		&quot;encyclopaedia&quot;: &quot;ensîklopedî&quot;,
		&quot;dictionary&quot;: &quot;ferheng&quot;,
		&quot;episode&quot;: &quot;beşa-rêzefîlmê&quot;,
		&quot;issue&quot;: &quot;hejmar&quot;,
		&quot;number&quot;: &quot;hejmar&quot;,
		&quot;language&quot;: &quot;ziman&quot;,
		&quot;lang&quot;: &quot;ziman&quot;,
		&quot;orig-date&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orig-year&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origyear&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;: &quot;kesên-din&quot;,
		&quot;yên-din&quot;: &quot;kesên-din&quot;,
		&quot;page&quot;: &quot;rûpel&quot;,
		&quot;p&quot;: &quot;r&quot;,
		&quot;pages&quot;: &quot;rr&quot;,
		&quot;pp&quot;: &quot;rr&quot;,
		&quot;journal&quot;: &quot;kovar&quot;,
		&quot;magazine&quot;: &quot;magazîn&quot;,
		&quot;newspaper&quot;: &quot;rojname&quot;,
		&quot;website&quot;: &quot;malper&quot;,
		&quot;work&quot;: &quot;xebat&quot;,
		&quot;place&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;publication-date&quot;: &quot;roja-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;publicationdate&quot;: &quot;roja-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;publication-place&quot;: &quot;cihê-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;publicationplace&quot;: &quot;cihê-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;: &quot;weşanger&quot;,
		&quot;institution&quot;: &quot;enstîtu&quot;,
		&quot;quote&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;quotation&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-page&quot;: &quot;rûpela-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;quotepage&quot;: &quot;rûpela-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;quotepages&quot;: &quot;rûpelên-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;script-title&quot;: &quot;skrîpta-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;script-quote&quot;: &quot;skrîpta-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;season&quot;: &quot;sezon&quot;,
		&quot;title&quot;: &quot;sernav&quot;,
		&quot;title-link&quot;: &quot;lînka-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;type&quot;: &quot;cure&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;: &quot;cure&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;url-access&quot;: &quot;gihiştina-urlyê&quot;,
		&quot;url-status&quot;: &quot;rewşa-urlyê&quot;,
		&quot;dead-url&quot;: &quot;rewşa-urlyê&quot;,
		&quot;deadurl&quot;: &quot;rewşa-urlyê&quot;,
		&quot;volume&quot;: &quot;cild&quot;,
		&quot;year&quot;: &quot;sal&quot;,
		&quot;first&quot;: &quot;pêşnav&quot;,
		&quot;given&quot;: &quot;pêşnav&quot;,
		&quot;author-first&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;author-given&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;last&quot;: &quot;paşnav&quot;,
		&quot;author&quot;: &quot;nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;author-last&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;author-surname&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;author-link&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;authorlink&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;editor-first&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editor-given&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editor-last&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editor-surname&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editor-link&quot;: &quot;lînka-edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editorlink&quot;: &quot;lînka-edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;translator&quot;: &quot;terciman&quot;,
		&quot;translator-first&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-terciman&quot;,
		&quot;translator-given&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-terciman&quot;,
		&quot;translator-last&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-terciman&quot;,
		&quot;translator-surname&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-terciman&quot;,
		&quot;translator-link&quot;: &quot;lînka-terciman&quot;,
		&quot;chapter&quot;: &quot;beş&quot;,
		&quot;entry&quot;: &quot;madde&quot;,
		&quot;article&quot;: &quot;nivîsar&quot;,
		&quot;section&quot;: &quot;beş&quot;,
		&quot;chapter-format&quot;: &quot;formata-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;section-format&quot;: &quot;formata-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;entry-format&quot;: &quot;formata-maddeyê&quot;,
		&quot;article-format&quot;: &quot;formata-nivîsarê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter-url&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;section-url&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;entry-url&quot;: &quot;urlya-maddeyê&quot;,
		&quot;article-url&quot;: &quot;urlya-nivîsarê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter-url-access&quot;: &quot;gihiştina-urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;section-url-access&quot;: &quot;gihiştina-urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;entry-url-access&quot;: &quot;gihiştina-urlya-maddeyê&quot;,
		&quot;article-url-access&quot;: &quot;gihiştina-urlya-nivîsarê&quot;,
		&quot;arşîv-url&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;dîrok-arşîv&quot;: &quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^given(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author-first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)-first$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author-given(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)-given$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author-last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)-last$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author-surname(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)-surname$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author-link(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)-link$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)link$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor-first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)-first$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor-given(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)-given$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor-last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)-last$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor-surname(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)-surname$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor-link(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)-link$&quot;: &quot;lînka-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editorlink(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)link$&quot;: &quot;lînka-edîtor\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator-first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d+)-first$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator-given(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d+)-given$&quot;: &quot;pêşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator-last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d+)-last$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator-surname(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d+)-surname$&quot;: &quot;paşnavê-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator-link(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-terciman\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d+)-link$&quot;: &quot;lînka-terciman\\1&quot;
	},
	&quot;month_list&quot;: {
		&quot;april&quot;: &quot;nîsan&quot;,
		&quot;aralık&quot;: &quot;kanûna pêşîn&quot;,
		&quot;august&quot;: &quot;tebax&quot;,
		&quot;augusti&quot;: &quot;tebax&quot;,
		&quot;ağustos&quot;: &quot;tebax&quot;,
		&quot;december&quot;: &quot;kanûna pêşîn&quot;,
		&quot;dezember&quot;: &quot;kanûna pêşîn&quot;,
		&quot;ekim&quot;: &quot;çiriya pêşîn&quot;,
		&quot;eylül&quot;: &quot;îlon&quot;,
		&quot;februar&quot;: &quot;sibat&quot;,
		&quot;februari&quot;: &quot;sibat&quot;,
		&quot;february&quot;: &quot;sibat&quot;,
		&quot;haziran&quot;: &quot;hezîran&quot;,
		&quot;januar&quot;: &quot;kanûna paşîn&quot;,
		&quot;januari&quot;: &quot;kanûna paşîn&quot;,
		&quot;january&quot;: &quot;kanûna paşîn&quot;,
		&quot;juli&quot;: &quot;tîrmeh&quot;,
		&quot;july&quot;: &quot;tîrmeh&quot;,
		&quot;june&quot;: &quot;hezîran&quot;,
		&quot;juni&quot;: &quot;hezîran&quot;,
		&quot;kasım&quot;: &quot;çiriya paşîn&quot;,
		&quot;mai&quot;: &quot;gulan&quot;,
		&quot;maj&quot;: &quot;gulan&quot;,
		&quot;march&quot;: &quot;adar&quot;,
		&quot;mars&quot;: &quot;adar&quot;,
		&quot;mart&quot;: &quot;adar&quot;,
		&quot;may&quot;: &quot;gulan&quot;,
		&quot;mayıs&quot;: &quot;gulan&quot;,
		&quot;märz&quot;: &quot;adar&quot;,
		&quot;nisan&quot;: &quot;nîsan&quot;,
		&quot;november&quot;: &quot;çiriya paşîn&quot;,
		&quot;ocak&quot;: &quot;kanûna paşîn&quot;,
		&quot;october&quot;: &quot;çiriya pêşîn&quot;,
		&quot;oktober&quot;: &quot;çiriya pêşîn&quot;,
		&quot;september&quot;: &quot;îlon&quot;,
		&quot;temmuz&quot;: &quot;tîrmeh&quot;,
		&quot;şubat&quot;: &quot;sibat&quot;
	},
	&quot;date_params&quot;: [
		&quot;tarîx&quot;,
		&quot;dîrok&quot;,
		&quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;dîroka-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;roja-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;dîroka-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;roja-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;dîroka-weşandinê&quot;
	],
	&quot;rewşa_urlyê&quot;: {
		&quot;dead&quot;: &quot;mirî&quot;,
		&quot;yes&quot;: &quot;mirî&quot;,
		&quot;evet&quot;: &quot;mirî&quot;,
		&quot;y&quot;: &quot;mirî&quot;,
		&quot;deviated&quot;: &quot;mirî&quot;,
		&quot;live&quot;: &quot;zindî&quot;,
		&quot;no&quot;: &quot;zindî&quot;,
		&quot;hayır&quot;: &quot;zindî&quot;
	},
	&quot;ziman&quot;: {
		&quot;kurmanci&quot;: &quot;ku&quot;,
		&quot;kmr&quot;: &quot;ku&quot;,
		&quot;Afrikaans&quot;: &quot;af&quot;,
		&quot;Albanian&quot;: &quot;sq&quot;,
		&quot;Arabic&quot;: &quot;ar&quot;,
		&quot;Armenian&quot;: &quot;hy&quot;,
		&quot;Azerbaijani&quot;: &quot;az&quot;,
		&quot;Bulgarian&quot;: &quot;bg&quot;,
		&quot;Catalan&quot;: &quot;ca&quot;,
		&quot;Chinese&quot;: &quot;zh&quot;,
		&quot;Danish&quot;: &quot;da&quot;,
		&quot;Dutch&quot;: &quot;nl&quot;,
		&quot;English&quot;: &quot;en&quot;,
		&quot;Esperanto&quot;: &quot;eo&quot;,
		&quot;Finnish&quot;: &quot;fi&quot;,
		&quot;French&quot;: &quot;fr&quot;,
		&quot;German&quot;: &quot;de&quot;,
		&quot;Greek&quot;: &quot;el&quot;,
		&quot;Hebrew&quot;: &quot;he&quot;,
		&quot;Italian&quot;: &quot;it&quot;,
		&quot;Japanese&quot;: &quot;ja&quot;,
		&quot;Latin&quot;: &quot;la&quot;,
		&quot;Korean&quot;: &quot;ko&quot;,
		&quot;Kurdish&quot;: &quot;ku&quot;,
		&quot;Kur&quot;: &quot;ku&quot;,
		&quot;Norwegian&quot;: &quot;no&quot;,
		&quot;Persian&quot;: &quot;fa&quot;,
		&quot;Portuguese&quot;: &quot;pt&quot;,
		&quot;Romanian&quot;: &quot;ro&quot;,
		&quot;Russian&quot;: &quot;ru&quot;,
		&quot;Spanish&quot;: &quot;es&quot;,
		&quot;Swedish&quot;: &quot;sv&quot;,
		&quot;Turkish&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;Türkçe&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;İngilizce&quot;: &quot;en&quot;,
		&quot;Fransızca&quot;: &quot;fr&quot;,
		&quot;Almanca&quot;: &quot;de&quot;,
		&quot;Albanî&quot;: &quot;sq&quot;,
		&quot;Fransî&quot;: &quot;fr&quot;,
		&quot;Inglîzî&quot;: &quot;en&quot;,
		&quot;İnglîzî&quot;: &quot;en&quot;,
		&quot;Înglîzî&quot;: &quot;en&quot;,
		&quot;Îngilîzî&quot;: &quot;en&quot;,
		&quot;Kurdî&quot;: &quot;ku&quot;,
		&quot;Kurdî-Soranî&quot;: &quot;ckb&quot;,
		&quot;Germanî&quot;: &quot;de&quot;,
		&quot;Tirkî&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;Tirki&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>ey6fzdjj9uqo4eggnw652c70fft9sv5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290825</id>
      <parentid>6290824</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T14:55:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>'{ 	&quot;templates&quot;: { 		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;Jêder-malper&quot;, 		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kitêb&quot;, 		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kovar&quot; 	}, 	&quot;basic_params&quot;: { 		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot; 	}, 	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: { 		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav\\1&quot;, 		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav\\1&quot;, 		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar\\1&quot;, 		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar\\1&quot; 	} }' ket şûna rûpelê.</comment>
      <origin>6290825</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="307" sha1="5ba29q85vvu58wdklj5to8q5jz45he5" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;Jêder-malper&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kitêb&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;Jêder-kovar&quot;
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav\\1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar\\1&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>5ba29q85vvu58wdklj5to8q5jz45he5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290833</id>
      <parentid>6290825</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:30:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290833</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="384" sha1="eenyhlyvr2npkvgvbz31p35xz13f9bv" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar&quot;
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>eenyhlyvr2npkvgvbz31p35xz13f9bv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290834</id>
      <parentid>6290833</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:32:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290834</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="589" sha1="5gfyyqwn49m1qtolekrv4cebiqtfkwz" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>5gfyyqwn49m1qtolekrv4cebiqtfkwz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290835</id>
      <parentid>6290834</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:37:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290835</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="614" sha1="1iupi4jet7hdhm0fg3g8h8pfcbjspkz" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;author&quot;: &quot;nivîskar&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>1iupi4jet7hdhm0fg3g8h8pfcbjspkz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290836</id>
      <parentid>6290835</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:41:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290836</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="631" sha1="iqms82vroa6o3wosyar5xkrlpnmv3jl" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;author&quot;: &quot;nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>iqms82vroa6o3wosyar5xkrlpnmv3jl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>1358176</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290826</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:08:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rûpel bi &quot;// &lt;nowiki&gt; /**  * A library full of lots of goodness for user scripts on MediaWiki wikis, including Wikipedia.  *  * The highlights include:  * - {@link Morebits.wiki.Api} - make calls to the MediaWiki API  * - {@link Morebits.wiki.Page} - modify pages on the wiki (edit, revert, delete, etc.)  * - {@link Morebits.Date} - enhanced date object processing, sort of a light moment.js  * - {@link Morebits.QuickForm} - generate quick HTML forms on the fly  * - {@link Mor...&quot; hat çêkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290826</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="197122" sha1="b9v3vpgcte5dzvwqiyzs9nk24upyt4t" xml:space="preserve">// &lt;nowiki&gt;
/**
 * A library full of lots of goodness for user scripts on MediaWiki wikis, including Wikipedia.
 *
 * The highlights include:
 * - {@link Morebits.wiki.Api} - make calls to the MediaWiki API
 * - {@link Morebits.wiki.Page} - modify pages on the wiki (edit, revert, delete, etc.)
 * - {@link Morebits.Date} - enhanced date object processing, sort of a light moment.js
 * - {@link Morebits.QuickForm} - generate quick HTML forms on the fly
 * - {@link Morebits.SimpleWindow} - generate dialog windows and modals
 * - {@link Morebits.Status} - a rough-and-ready status message displayer, used by the Morebits.wiki classes
 * - {@link Morebits.wikitext} - utilities for dealing with wikitext
 * - {@link Morebits.string} - utilities for manipulating strings
 * - {@link Morebits.array} - utilities for manipulating arrays
 * - {@link Morebits.ip} - utilities to help process IP addresses
 *
 * Dependencies:
 * - The whole thing relies on jQuery.  But most wikis should provide this by default.
 * - {@link Morebits.QuickForm}, {@link Morebits.SimpleWindow}, and {@link Morebits.Status} rely on the &quot;morebits.css&quot; file for their styling.
 * - To create a gadget based on morebits.js, use this syntax in MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition:
 *     - `*GadgetName[ResourceLoader|dependencies=mediawiki.user,mediawiki.util,mediawiki.Title]|morebits.js|morebits.css|GadgetName.js`
 * - Alternatively, you can configure morebits.js as a hidden gadget in MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition:
 *     - `*morebits[ResourceLoader|dependencies=mediawiki.user,mediawiki.util,mediawiki.Title|hidden]|morebits.js|morebits.css`
 *     and then load ext.gadget.morebits as one of the dependencies for the new gadget.
 *
 * All the stuff here works on all browsers for which MediaWiki provides JavaScript support.
 *
 * This library is maintained by the maintainers of Twinkle.
 * For queries, suggestions, help, etc., head to [Wikipedia talk:Twinkle on English Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WT:TW).
 * The latest development source is available at {@link https://github.com/wikimedia-gadgets/twinkle/blob/master/src/morebits.js|GitHub}.
 *
 * @namespace Morebits
 */

(function() {

/** @lends Morebits */
const Morebits = {};
window.Morebits = Morebits; // allow global access

/**
 * Wiki-specific configurations for Morebits
 */
Morebits.l10n = {
	/**
	 * Local aliases for &quot;redirect&quot; magic word.
	 * Check using api.php?action=query&amp;format=json&amp;meta=siteinfo&amp;formatversion=2&amp;siprop=magicwords
	 */
	redirectTagAliases: ['#REDIRECT'],

	/**
	 * Takes a string as argument and checks if it is a timestamp or not
	 * If not, it returns null. If yes, it returns an array of integers
	 * in the format [year, month, date, hour, minute, second]
	 * which can be passed to Date.UTC()
	 *
	 * @param {string} str
	 * @return {number[] | null}
	 */
	signatureTimestampFormat: function (str) {
		// HH:mm, DD Month YYYY (UTC)
		const rgx = /(\d{2}):(\d{2}), (\d{1,2}) (\w+) (\d{4}) \(UTC\)/;
		const match = rgx.exec(str);
		if (!match) {
			return null;
		}
		const month = Morebits.Date.localeData.months.indexOf(match[4]);
		if (month === -1) {
			return null;
		}
		// ..... year ... month .. date ... hour .... minute
		return [match[5], month, match[3], match[1], match[2]];
	}
};

/**
 * Simple helper function to see what groups a user might belong.
 *
 * @param {string} group - e.g. `sysop`, `extendedconfirmed`, etc.
 * @return {boolean}
 */
Morebits.userIsInGroup = function (group) {
	return mw.config.get('wgUserGroups').includes(group);
};
/**
 * Hardcodes whether the user is a sysop, used a lot.
 *
 * @type {boolean}
 */
Morebits.userIsSysop = Morebits.userIsInGroup('sysop');

/**
 * Determines whether the current page is a redirect or soft redirect. Fails
 * to detect soft redirects on edit, history, etc. pages.  Will attempt to
 * detect Module:RfD, with the same failure points.
 *
 * @return {boolean}
 */
Morebits.isPageRedirect = function() {
	return !!(mw.config.get('wgIsRedirect') || document.getElementById('softredirect') || $('.box-RfD').length);
};

/**
 * Stores a normalized (underscores converted to spaces) version of the
 * `wgPageName` variable.
 *
 * @type {string}
 */
Morebits.pageNameNorm = mw.config.get('wgPageName').replace(/_/g, ' ');

/**
 * Create a string for use in regex matching a page name.  Accounts for
 * leading character's capitalization, underscores as spaces, and special
 * characters being escaped.  See also {@link Morebits.namespaceRegex}.
 *
 * @param {string} pageName - Page name without namespace.
 * @return {string} - For a page name `Foo bar`, returns the string `[Ff]oo[_ ]bar`.
 */
Morebits.pageNameRegex = function(pageName) {
	if (pageName === '') {
		return '';
	}
	const firstChar = pageName[0],
		remainder = Morebits.string.escapeRegExp(pageName.slice(1));
	if (mw.Title.phpCharToUpper(firstChar) !== firstChar.toLowerCase()) {
		return '[' + mw.Title.phpCharToUpper(firstChar) + firstChar.toLowerCase() + ']' + remainder;
	}
	return Morebits.string.escapeRegExp(firstChar) + remainder;
};

/**
 * Converts string or array of DOM nodes into an HTML fragment.
 * Wikilink syntax (`[[...]]`) is transformed into HTML anchor.
 * Used in Morebits.QuickForm and Morebits.Status
 *
 * @internal
 * @param {string|Node|(string|Node)[]} input
 * @return {DocumentFragment}
 */
Morebits.createHtml = function(input) {
	const fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
	if (!input) {
		return fragment;
	}
	if (!Array.isArray(input)) {
		input = [ input ];
	}
	for (let i = 0; i &lt; input.length; ++i) {
		if (input[i] instanceof Node) {
			fragment.appendChild(input[i]);
		} else {
			$.parseHTML(Morebits.createHtml.renderWikilinks(input[i])).forEach((node) =&gt; {
				fragment.appendChild(node);
			});
		}
	}
	return fragment;
};

/**
 * Converts wikilinks to HTML anchor tags.
 *
 * @param {string} text
 * @return {string}
 */
Morebits.createHtml.renderWikilinks = function (text) {
	const ub = new Morebits.Unbinder(text);
	// Don't convert wikilinks within code tags as they're used for displaying wiki-code
	ub.unbind('&lt;code&gt;', '&lt;/code&gt;');
	ub.content = ub.content.replace(
		/\[\[:?(?:([^|\]]+?)\|)?([^\]|]+?)\]\]/g,
		(_, target, text) =&gt; {
			if (!target) {
				target = text;
			}
			return '&lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; href=&quot;' + mw.util.getUrl(target) +
				'&quot; title=&quot;' + target.replace(/&quot;/g, '&amp;#34;') + '&quot;&gt;' + text + '&lt;/a&gt;';
		});
	return ub.rebind();
};

/**
 * Create a string for use in regex matching all namespace aliases, regardless
 * of the capitalization and underscores/spaces.  Doesn't include the optional
 * leading `:`, but if there's more than one item, wraps the list in a
 * non-capturing group.  This means you can do `Morebits.namespaceRegex([4]) +
 * ':' + Morebits.pageNameRegex('Twinkle')` to match a full page.  Uses
 * {@link Morebits.pageNameRegex}.
 *
 * @param {number[]} namespaces - Array of namespace numbers.  Unused/invalid
 * namespace numbers are silently discarded.
 * @example
 * // returns '(?:[Ff][Ii][Ll][Ee]|[Ii][Mm][Aa][Gg][Ee])'
 * Morebits.namespaceRegex([6])
 * @return {string} - Regex-suitable string of all namespace aliases.
 */
Morebits.namespaceRegex = function(namespaces) {
	if (!Array.isArray(namespaces)) {
		namespaces = [namespaces];
	}
	const aliases = [];
	let regex;
	$.each(mw.config.get('wgNamespaceIds'), (name, number) =&gt; {
		if (namespaces.includes(number)) {
			// Namespaces are completely agnostic as to case,
			// and a regex string is more useful/compatible than a RegExp object,
			// so we accept any casing for any letter.
			aliases.push(name.split('').map((char) =&gt; Morebits.pageNameRegex(char)).join(''));
		}
	});
	switch (aliases.length) {
		case 0:
			regex = '';
			break;
		case 1:
			regex = aliases[0];
			break;
		default:
			regex = '(?:' + aliases.join('|') + ')';
			break;
	}
	return regex;
};

/* **************** Morebits.QuickForm **************** */
/**
 * Creation of simple and standard forms without much specific coding.
 *
 * @namespace Morebits.QuickForm
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 * @param {event} event - Function to execute when form is submitted.
 * @param {string} [eventType=submit] - Type of the event.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm = function QuickForm(event, eventType) {
	this.root = new Morebits.QuickForm.Element({ type: 'form', event: event, eventType: eventType });
};

/**
 * Renders the HTML output of the quickForm.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @return {HTMLElement}
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.prototype.render = function QuickFormRender() {
	const ret = this.root.render();
	ret.names = {};
	return ret;
};

/**
 * Append element to the form.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(object|Morebits.QuickForm.Element)} data - A quickform element, or the object with which
 * a quickform element is constructed.
 * @return {Morebits.QuickForm.Element} - Same as what is passed to the function.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.prototype.append = function QuickFormAppend(data) {
	return this.root.append(data);
};

/**
 * Create a new element for the the form.
 *
 * Index to Morebits.QuickForm.Element types:
 * - Global attributes: id, className, style, tooltip, extra, $data, adminonly
 * - `select`: A combo box (aka drop-down).
 *     - Attributes: name, label, multiple, size, list, event, disabled
 *  - `option`: An element for a combo box.
 *      - Attributes: value, label, selected, disabled
 *  - `optgroup`: A group of &quot;option&quot;s.
 *      - Attributes: label, list
 *  - `field`: A fieldset (aka group box).
 *      - Attributes: name, label, disabled
 *  - `checkbox`: A checkbox. Must use &quot;list&quot; parameter.
 *      - Attributes: name, list, event
 *      - Attributes (within list): name, label, value, checked, disabled, event, subgroup
 *  - `radio`: A radio button. Must use &quot;list&quot; parameter.
 *      - Attributes: name, list, event
 *      - Attributes (within list): name, label, value, checked, disabled, event, subgroup
 *  - `input`: A text input box.
 *      - Attributes: name, label, value, size, placeholder, maxlength, disabled, required, readonly, event
 *  - `number`: A number input box.
 *      - Attributes: Everything the text `input` has, as well as: min, max, step, list
 *  - `dyninput`: A set of text boxes with &quot;Remove&quot; buttons and an &quot;Add&quot; button.
 *      - Attributes: name, label, min, max, inputs, sublabel, value, size, maxlength, event
 *  - `hidden`: An invisible form field.
 *      - Attributes: name, value
 *  - `header`: A level 5 header.
 *      - Attributes: label
 *  - `div`: A generic placeholder element or label.
 *      - Attributes: name, label
 *  - `submit`: A submit button. Morebits.SimpleWindow moves these to the footer of the dialog.
 *      - Attributes: name, label, disabled
 *  - `button`: A generic button.
 *      - Attributes: name, label, disabled, event
 *  - `textarea`: A big, multi-line text box.
 *      - Attributes: name, label, value, cols, rows, disabled, required, readonly
 *  - `fragment`: A DocumentFragment object.
 *      - No attributes, and no global attributes except adminonly.
 * There is some difference on how types handle the `label` attribute:
 * - `div`, `select`, `field`, `checkbox`/`radio`, `input`, `textarea`, `header`, and `dyninput` can accept an array of items,
 * and the label item(s) can be `Element`s.
 * - `option`, `optgroup`, `_dyninput_cell`, `submit`, and `button` accept only a single string.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @class
 * @param {Object} data - Object representing the quickform element. Should
 * specify one of the available types from the index above, as well as any
 * relevant and available attributes.
 * @example new Morebits.QuickForm.Element({
 *     name: 'target',
 *     type: 'input',
 *     label: 'Your target:',
 *     tooltip: 'Enter your target. Required.',
 *     required: true
 * });
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.Element = function QuickFormElement(data) {
	this.data = data;
	this.childs = [];
};

/**
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm.Element
 * @type {number}
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.Element.id = 0;

/**
 * Appends an element to current element.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm.Element
 * @param {Morebits.QuickForm.Element} data - A quickForm element or the object required to
 * create the quickForm element.
 * @return {Morebits.QuickForm.Element} The same element passed in.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.Element.prototype.append = function QuickFormElementAppend(data) {
	let child;
	if (data instanceof Morebits.QuickForm.Element) {
		child = data;
	} else {
		child = new Morebits.QuickForm.Element(data);
	}
	this.childs.push(child);
	return child;
};

/**
 * Renders the HTML output for the quickForm element.  This should be called
 * without parameters: `form.render()`.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm.Element
 * @return {HTMLElement}
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.Element.prototype.render = function QuickFormElementRender(internal_subgroup_id) {
	const currentNode = this.compute(this.data, internal_subgroup_id);

	for (let i = 0; i &lt; this.childs.length; ++i) {
		// do not pass internal_subgroup_id to recursive calls
		currentNode[1].appendChild(this.childs[i].render());
	}
	return currentNode[0];
};

/** @memberof Morebits.QuickForm.Element */
Morebits.QuickForm.Element.prototype.compute = function QuickFormElementCompute(data, in_id) {
	let node;
	let childContainer = null;
	let label;
	const id = (in_id ? in_id + '_' : '') + 'node_' + Morebits.QuickForm.Element.id++;
	if (data.adminonly &amp;&amp; !Morebits.userIsSysop) {
		// hell hack alpha
		data.type = 'hidden';
	}

	let i, current, subnode;
	switch (data.type) {
		case 'form':
			node = document.createElement('form');
			node.className = 'quickform';
			node.setAttribute('action', 'javascript:void(0);');
			if (data.event) {
				node.addEventListener(data.eventType || 'submit', data.event, false);
			}
			break;
		case 'fragment':
			node = document.createDocumentFragment();
			// fragments can't have any attributes, so just return it straight away
			return [ node, node ];
		// Sometimes Twinkle uses fancy searchable &quot;select&quot; elements. This is powered by the third party library &quot;select2&quot;. Activate it by creating a Morebits &quot;select&quot; element, then call `$('select[name=sub_group]').select2({});` or similar towards the end of your main code.
		case 'select':
			node = document.createElement('div');

			node.setAttribute('id', 'div_' + id);
			if (data.label) {
				label = node.appendChild(document.createElement('label'));
				label.setAttribute('for', id);
				label.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(data.label));
				label.style.marginRight = '3px';
			}
			var select = node.appendChild(document.createElement('select'));
			if (data.event) {
				select.addEventListener('change', data.event, false);
			}
			if (data.multiple) {
				select.setAttribute('multiple', 'multiple');
			}
			if (data.size) {
				select.setAttribute('size', data.size);
			}
			if (data.disabled) {
				select.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
			}
			select.setAttribute('name', data.name);

			if (data.list) {
				for (i = 0; i &lt; data.list.length; ++i) {

					current = data.list[i];

					if (current.list) {
						current.type = 'optgroup';
					} else {
						current.type = 'option';
					}

					subnode = this.compute(current);
					select.appendChild(subnode[0]);
				}
			}
			childContainer = select;
			break;
		case 'option':
			node = document.createElement('option');
			node.values = data.value;
			node.setAttribute('value', data.value);
			if (data.selected) {
				node.setAttribute('selected', 'selected');
			}
			if (data.disabled) {
				node.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
			}
			node.setAttribute('label', data.label);
			node.appendChild(document.createTextNode(data.label));
			break;
		case 'optgroup':
			node = document.createElement('optgroup');
			node.setAttribute('label', data.label);

			if (data.list) {
				for (i = 0; i &lt; data.list.length; ++i) {

					current = data.list[i];
					current.type = 'option'; // must be options here

					subnode = this.compute(current);
					node.appendChild(subnode[0]);
				}
			}
			break;
		case 'field':
			node = document.createElement('fieldset');
			label = node.appendChild(document.createElement('legend'));
			label.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(data.label));
			if (data.name) {
				node.setAttribute('name', data.name);
			}
			if (data.disabled) {
				node.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
			}
			break;
		case 'checkbox':
		case 'radio':
			node = document.createElement('div');
			if (data.list) {
				for (i = 0; i &lt; data.list.length; ++i) {
					const cur_id = id + '_' + i;
					current = data.list[i];
					var cur_div;
					if (current.type === 'header') {
					// inline hack
						cur_div = node.appendChild(document.createElement('h6'));
						cur_div.appendChild(document.createTextNode(current.label));
						if (current.tooltip) {
							Morebits.QuickForm.Element.generateTooltip(cur_div, current);
						}
						continue;
					}
					cur_div = node.appendChild(document.createElement('div'));
					subnode = cur_div.appendChild(document.createElement('input'));
					subnode.values = current.value;
					subnode.setAttribute('value', current.value);
					subnode.setAttribute('type', data.type);
					subnode.setAttribute('id', cur_id);
					subnode.setAttribute('name', current.name || data.name);

					// If name is provided on the individual checkbox, add a data-single
					// attribute which indicates it isn't part of a list of checkboxes with
					// same name. Used in getInputData()
					if (current.name) {
						subnode.setAttribute('data-single', 'data-single');
					}

					if (current.checked) {
						subnode.setAttribute('checked', 'checked');
					}
					if (current.disabled) {
						subnode.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
					}
					label = cur_div.appendChild(document.createElement('label'));

					label.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(current.label));
					label.setAttribute('for', cur_id);
					if (current.tooltip) {
						Morebits.QuickForm.Element.generateTooltip(label, current);
					}
					// styles go on the label, doesn't make sense to style a checkbox/radio
					if (current.style) {
						label.setAttribute('style', current.style);
					}

					var event;
					if (current.subgroup) {
						let tmpgroup = current.subgroup;

						if (!Array.isArray(tmpgroup)) {
							tmpgroup = [ tmpgroup ];
						}

						var subgroupRaw = new Morebits.QuickForm.Element({
							type: 'div',
							id: id + '_' + i + '_subgroup'
						});
						$.each(tmpgroup, (idx, el) =&gt; {
							const newEl = $.extend({}, el);
							if (!newEl.type) {
								newEl.type = data.type;
							}
							newEl.name = (current.name || data.name) + '.' + newEl.name;
							subgroupRaw.append(newEl);
						});

						const subgroup = subgroupRaw.render(cur_id);
						subgroup.className = 'quickformSubgroup';
						subnode.subgroup = subgroup;
						subnode.shown = false;

						event = function(e) {
							if (e.target.checked) {
								e.target.parentNode.appendChild(e.target.subgroup);
								if (e.target.type === 'radio') {
									const name = e.target.name;
									if (e.target.form.names[name] !== undefined) {
										e.target.form.names[name].parentNode.removeChild(e.target.form.names[name].subgroup);
									}
									e.target.form.names[name] = e.target;
								}
							} else {
								e.target.parentNode.removeChild(e.target.subgroup);
							}
						};
						subnode.addEventListener('change', event, true);
						if (current.checked) {
							subnode.parentNode.appendChild(subgroup);
						}
					} else if (data.type === 'radio') {
						event = function(e) {
							if (e.target.checked) {
								const name = e.target.name;
								if (e.target.form.names[name] !== undefined) {
									e.target.form.names[name].parentNode.removeChild(e.target.form.names[name].subgroup);
								}
								delete e.target.form.names[name];
							}
						};
						subnode.addEventListener('change', event, true);
					}
					// add users' event last, so it can interact with the subgroup
					if (data.event) {
						subnode.addEventListener('change', data.event, false);
					} else if (current.event) {
						subnode.addEventListener('change', current.event, true);
					}
				}
			}
			if (data.shiftClickSupport &amp;&amp; data.type === 'checkbox') {
				Morebits.checkboxShiftClickSupport(Morebits.QuickForm.getElements(node, data.name));
			}
			break;
		// input is actually a text-type, so number here inherits the same stuff
		case 'number':
		case 'input':
			node = document.createElement('div');
			node.setAttribute('id', 'div_' + id);

			if (data.label) {
				label = node.appendChild(document.createElement('label'));
				label.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(data.label));
				label.setAttribute('for', data.id || id);
				label.style.marginRight = '3px';
			}

			subnode = node.appendChild(document.createElement('input'));
			subnode.setAttribute('name', data.name);

			if (data.type === 'input') {
				subnode.setAttribute('type', 'text');
			} else {
				subnode.setAttribute('type', 'number');
				['min', 'max', 'step', 'list'].forEach((att) =&gt; {
					if (data[att]) {
						subnode.setAttribute(att, data[att]);
					}
				});
			}

			['value', 'size', 'placeholder', 'maxlength'].forEach((att) =&gt; {
				if (data[att]) {
					subnode.setAttribute(att, data[att]);
				}
			});
			['disabled', 'required', 'readonly'].forEach((att) =&gt; {
				if (data[att]) {
					subnode.setAttribute(att, att);
				}
			});
			if (data.event) {
				subnode.addEventListener('input', data.event, false);
			}

			childContainer = subnode;
			break;
		case 'dyninput':
			var min = data.min || 1;
			var max = data.max || Infinity;

			node = document.createElement('div');

			label = node.appendChild(document.createElement('h5'));
			label.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(data.label));
			var listNode = node.appendChild(document.createElement('div'));

			var more = this.compute({
				type: 'button',
				label: 'more',
				disabled: min &gt;= max,
				event: function(e) {
					const new_node = new Morebits.QuickForm.Element(e.target.sublist);
					e.target.area.appendChild(new_node.render());

					if (++e.target.counter &gt;= e.target.max) {
						e.target.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
					}
					e.stopPropagation();
				}
			});

			node.appendChild(more[0]);
			var moreButton = more[1];

			var sublist = {
				type: '_dyninput_row',
				remove: false,
				maxlength: data.maxlength,
				event: data.event,
				inputs: data.inputs || [{
					// compatibility
					label: data.sublabel || data.label,
					name: data.name,
					value: data.value,
					size: data.size
				}]
			};

			for (i = 0; i &lt; min; ++i) {
				const elem = new Morebits.QuickForm.Element(sublist);
				listNode.appendChild(elem.render());
			}
			sublist.remove = true;
			sublist.morebutton = moreButton;
			sublist.listnode = listNode;

			moreButton.sublist = sublist;
			moreButton.area = listNode;
			moreButton.max = max - min;
			moreButton.counter = 0;
			break;
		case '_dyninput_row': // Private
			node = document.createElement('div');

			data.inputs.forEach((subdata) =&gt; {
				const cell = new Morebits.QuickForm.Element($.extend(subdata, { type: '_dyninput_cell' }));
				node.appendChild(cell.render());
			});
			if (data.remove) {
				const remove = this.compute({
					type: 'button',
					label: 'remove',
					event: function(e) {
						const list = e.target.listnode;
						const node = e.target.inputnode;
						const more = e.target.morebutton;

						list.removeChild(node);
						--more.counter;
						more.removeAttribute('disabled');
						e.stopPropagation();
					}
				});
				node.appendChild(remove[0]);
				const removeButton = remove[1];
				removeButton.inputnode = node;
				removeButton.listnode = data.listnode;
				removeButton.morebutton = data.morebutton;
			}
			break;
		case '_dyninput_cell': // Private, similar to normal input
			node = document.createElement('span');

			if (data.label) {
				label = node.appendChild(document.createElement('label'));
				label.appendChild(document.createTextNode(data.label));
				label.setAttribute('for', id + '_input');
				label.style.marginRight = '3px';
			}

			subnode = node.appendChild(document.createElement('input'));
			subnode.setAttribute('id', id + '_input');
			if (data.value) {
				subnode.setAttribute('value', data.value);
			}
			subnode.setAttribute('name', data.name);
			subnode.setAttribute('type', 'text');
			subnode.setAttribute('data-dyninput', 'data-dyninput');
			if (data.size) {
				subnode.setAttribute('size', data.size);
			}
			if (data.maxlength) {
				subnode.setAttribute('maxlength', data.maxlength);
			}
			if (data.required) {
				subnode.setAttribute('required', 'required');
			}
			if (data.disabled) {
				subnode.setAttribute('required', 'disabled');
			}
			if (data.event) {
				subnode.addEventListener('input', data.event, false);
			}
			node.style.marginRight = '3px';
			break;
		case 'hidden':
			node = document.createElement('input');
			node.setAttribute('type', 'hidden');
			node.values = data.value;
			node.setAttribute('value', data.value);
			node.setAttribute('name', data.name);
			break;
		case 'header':
			node = document.createElement('h5');
			node.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(data.label));
			break;
		case 'div':
			node = document.createElement('div');
			if (data.name) {
				node.setAttribute('name', data.name);
			}
			if (data.label) {
				const result = document.createElement('span');
				result.className = 'quickformDescription';
				result.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(data.label));
				node.appendChild(result);
			}
			break;
		case 'submit':
			node = document.createElement('span');
			childContainer = node.appendChild(document.createElement('input'));
			childContainer.setAttribute('type', 'submit');
			if (data.label) {
				childContainer.setAttribute('value', data.label);
			}
			childContainer.setAttribute('name', data.name || 'submit');
			if (data.disabled) {
				childContainer.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
			}
			break;
		case 'button':
			node = document.createElement('span');
			childContainer = node.appendChild(document.createElement('input'));
			childContainer.setAttribute('type', 'button');
			if (data.label) {
				childContainer.setAttribute('value', data.label);
			}
			childContainer.setAttribute('name', data.name);
			if (data.disabled) {
				childContainer.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
			}
			if (data.event) {
				childContainer.addEventListener('click', data.event, false);
			}
			break;
		case 'textarea':
			node = document.createElement('div');
			node.setAttribute('id', 'div_' + id);
			if (data.label) {
				label = node.appendChild(document.createElement('h5'));
				const labelElement = document.createElement('label');
				labelElement.appendChild(Morebits.createHtml(data.label));
				labelElement.setAttribute('for', data.id || id);
				label.appendChild(labelElement);
			}
			subnode = node.appendChild(document.createElement('textarea'));
			subnode.setAttribute('name', data.name);
			if (data.cols) {
				subnode.setAttribute('cols', data.cols);
			}
			if (data.rows) {
				subnode.setAttribute('rows', data.rows);
			}
			if (data.disabled) {
				subnode.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
			}
			if (data.required) {
				subnode.setAttribute('required', 'required');
			}
			if (data.readonly) {
				subnode.setAttribute('readonly', 'readonly');
			}
			if (data.value) {
				subnode.value = data.value;
			}
			childContainer = subnode;
			break;
		default:
			throw new Error('Morebits.QuickForm: unknown element type ' + data.type.toString());
	}

	if (!childContainer) {
		childContainer = node;
	}
	if (data.tooltip) {
		Morebits.QuickForm.Element.generateTooltip(label || node, data);
	}

	if (data.extra) {
		childContainer.extra = data.extra;
	}
	if (data.$data) {
		$(childContainer).data(data.$data);
	}
	if (data.style) {
		childContainer.setAttribute('style', data.style);
	}
	if (data.className) {
		childContainer.className = childContainer.className ?
			childContainer.className + ' ' + data.className :
			data.className;
	}
	childContainer.setAttribute('id', data.id || id);

	return [ node, childContainer ];
};

Morebits.QuickForm.$tooltip = null;

/**
 * Create a tooltip.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm.Element
 * @param {HTMLElement} node - The HTML element beside which a tooltip is to be generated.
 * @param {Object} data - Tooltip-related configuration data.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.Element.generateTooltip = function QuickFormElementGenerateTooltip(node, data) {
	if (!Morebits.QuickForm.$tooltip) {
		Morebits.QuickForm.$tooltip = $('&lt;div&gt;')
			.attr('id', 'morebits-ui-tooltip')
			.attr('role', 'tooltip')
			.addClass('morebits-ui-tooltip')
			.appendTo('body');
	}
	const $tooltip = Morebits.QuickForm.$tooltip;
	const $button = $('&lt;span&gt;')
		.addClass('morebits-tooltipButton')
		.text('?')
		.appendTo(node);

	$button.on('mouseenter', () =&gt; {
		$tooltip.html(data.tooltip).addClass('visible');

		const buttonRect = $button[0].getBoundingClientRect();
		const tooltipRect = $tooltip[0].getBoundingClientRect();

		const topOffset = buttonRect.bottom + tooltipRect.height &lt; window.innerHeight ?
			buttonRect.bottom : // It fits at the top of the question mark - place it there
			Math.max(0, buttonRect.top - tooltipRect.height); // Else, place to the bottom of the question mark
		const leftOffset = buttonRect.right + tooltipRect.width &lt; window.innerWidth ?
			buttonRect.right : // It fits at the right of the question mark - place it there
			Math.max(0, buttonRect.left - tooltipRect.width); // Else, place to the left of the question mark
		$tooltip.css('top', window.scrollY + topOffset);
		$tooltip.css('left', window.scrollX + leftOffset);
	}).on('mouseleave', () =&gt; {
		$tooltip.removeClass('visible');
	});
};

// Some utility methods for manipulating quickForms after their creation:
// (None of these work for &quot;dyninput&quot; type fields at present)

/**
 * Returns an object containing all filled form data entered by the user, with the object
 * keys being the form element names. Disabled fields will be ignored, but not hidden fields.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {HTMLFormElement} form
 * @return {Object} With field names as keys, input data as values.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.getInputData = function(form) {
	const result = {};

	for (let i = 0; i &lt; form.elements.length; i++) {
		const field = form.elements[i];
		if (field.disabled || !field.name || !field.type ||
			field.type === 'submit' || field.type === 'button') {
			continue;
		}

		// For elements in subgroups, quickform prepends element names with
		// name of the parent group followed by a period, get rid of that.
		const fieldNameNorm = field.name.slice(field.name.indexOf('.') + 1);

		switch (field.type) {
			case 'radio':
				if (field.checked) {
					result[fieldNameNorm] = field.value;
				}
				break;
			case 'checkbox':
				if (field.dataset.single) {
					result[fieldNameNorm] = field.checked; // boolean
				} else {
					result[fieldNameNorm] = result[fieldNameNorm] || [];
					if (field.checked) {
						result[fieldNameNorm].push(field.value);
					}
				}
				break;
			case 'select-multiple':
				result[fieldNameNorm] = $(field).val(); // field.value doesn't work
				break;
			case 'text': // falls through
			case 'textarea':
				if (field.dataset.dyninput) {
					result[fieldNameNorm] = result[fieldNameNorm] || [];
					result[fieldNameNorm].push(field.value.trim());
				} else {
					result[fieldNameNorm] = field.value.trim();
				}
				break;
			default: // could be select-one, date, number, email, etc
				if (field.value) {
					result[fieldNameNorm] = field.value;
				}
				break;
		}
	}
	return result;
};

/**
 * Returns all form elements with a given field name or ID.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {HTMLFormElement} form
 * @param {string} fieldName - The name or id of the fields.
 * @return {HTMLElement[]} - Array of matching form elements.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.getElements = function QuickFormGetElements(form, fieldName) {
	const $form = $(form);
	fieldName = $.escapeSelector(fieldName); // sanitize input
	let $elements = $form.find('[name=&quot;' + fieldName + '&quot;]');
	if ($elements.length &gt; 0) {
		return $elements.toArray();
	}
	$elements = $form.find('#' + fieldName);
	return $elements.toArray();
};

/**
 * Searches the array of elements for a checkbox or radio button with a certain
 * `value` attribute, and returns the first such element. Returns null if not found.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {HTMLInputElement[]} elementArray - Array of checkbox or radio elements.
 * @param {string} value - Value to search for.
 * @return {HTMLInputElement}
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.getCheckboxOrRadio = function QuickFormGetCheckboxOrRadio(elementArray, value) {
	const found = $.grep(elementArray, (el) =&gt; el.value === value);
	if (found.length &gt; 0) {
		return found[0];
	}
	return null;
};

/**
 * Returns the &amp;lt;div&gt; containing the form element, or the form element itself
 * May not work as expected on checkboxes or radios.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {HTMLElement} element
 * @return {HTMLElement}
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.getElementContainer = function QuickFormGetElementContainer(element) {
	// for divs, headings and fieldsets, the container is the element itself
	if (element instanceof HTMLFieldSetElement || element instanceof HTMLDivElement ||
			element instanceof HTMLHeadingElement) {
		return element;
	}

	// for others, just return the parent node
	return element.parentNode;
};

/**
 * Gets the HTML element that contains the label of the given form element
 * (mainly for internal use).
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(HTMLElement|Morebits.QuickForm.Element)} element
 * @return {HTMLElement}
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.getElementLabelObject = function QuickFormGetElementLabelObject(element) {
	// for buttons, divs and headers, the label is on the element itself
	if (element.type === 'button' || element.type === 'submit' ||
			element instanceof HTMLDivElement || element instanceof HTMLHeadingElement) {
		return element;
	// for fieldsets, the label is the child &lt;legend&gt; element
	} else if (element instanceof HTMLFieldSetElement) {
		return element.getElementsByTagName('legend')[0];
	// for textareas, the label is the sibling &lt;h5&gt; element
	} else if (element instanceof HTMLTextAreaElement) {
		return element.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('h5')[0];
	}
	// for others, the label is the sibling &lt;label&gt; element
	return element.parentNode.getElementsByTagName('label')[0];
};

/**
 * Gets the label text of the element.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(HTMLElement|Morebits.QuickForm.Element)} element
 * @return {string}
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.getElementLabel = function QuickFormGetElementLabel(element) {
	const labelElement = Morebits.QuickForm.getElementLabelObject(element);

	if (!labelElement) {
		return null;
	}
	return labelElement.firstChild.textContent;
};

/**
 * Sets the label of the element to the given text.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(HTMLElement|Morebits.QuickForm.Element)} element
 * @param {string} labelText
 * @return {boolean} True if succeeded, false if the label element is unavailable.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.setElementLabel = function QuickFormSetElementLabel(element, labelText) {
	const labelElement = Morebits.QuickForm.getElementLabelObject(element);

	if (!labelElement) {
		return false;
	}
	labelElement.firstChild.textContent = labelText;
	return true;
};

/**
 * Stores the element's current label, and temporarily sets the label to the given text.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(HTMLElement|Morebits.QuickForm.Element)} element
 * @param {string} temporaryLabelText
 * @return {boolean} `true` if succeeded, `false` if the label element is unavailable.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.overrideElementLabel = function QuickFormOverrideElementLabel(element, temporaryLabelText) {
	if (!element.hasAttribute('data-oldlabel')) {
		element.setAttribute('data-oldlabel', Morebits.QuickForm.getElementLabel(element));
	}
	return Morebits.QuickForm.setElementLabel(element, temporaryLabelText);
};

/**
 * Restores the label stored by overrideElementLabel.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(HTMLElement|Morebits.QuickForm.Element)} element
 * @return {boolean} True if succeeded, false if the label element is unavailable.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.resetElementLabel = function QuickFormResetElementLabel(element) {
	if (element.hasAttribute('data-oldlabel')) {
		return Morebits.QuickForm.setElementLabel(element, element.getAttribute('data-oldlabel'));
	}
	return null;
};

/**
 * Shows or hides a form element plus its label and tooltip.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(HTMLElement|jQuery|string)} element - HTML/jQuery element, or jQuery selector string.
 * @param {boolean} [visibility] - Skip this to toggle visibility.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.setElementVisibility = function QuickFormSetElementVisibility(element, visibility) {
	$(element).toggle(visibility);
};

/**
 * Shows or hides the question mark icon (which displays the tooltip) next to a form element.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.QuickForm
 * @param {(HTMLElement|jQuery)} element
 * @param {boolean} [visibility] - Skip this to toggle visibility.
 */
Morebits.QuickForm.setElementTooltipVisibility = function QuickFormSetElementTooltipVisibility(element, visibility) {
	$(Morebits.QuickForm.getElementContainer(element)).find('.morebits-tooltipButton').toggle(visibility);
};

/**
 * @external HTMLFormElement
 */
/**
 * Get checked items in the form.
 *
 * @method external:HTMLFormElement.getChecked
 * @param {string} name - Find checked property of elements (i.e. a checkbox
 * or a radiobutton) with the given name, or select options that have selected
 * set to true (don't try to mix selects with radio/checkboxes).
 * @param {string} [type] - Optionally specify either radio or checkbox (for
 * the event that both checkboxes and radiobuttons have the same name).
 * @return {string[]} - Contains the values of elements with the given name
 * checked property set to true.
 */
HTMLFormElement.prototype.getChecked = function(name, type) {
	const elements = this.elements[name];
	if (!elements) {
		return [];
	}
	const return_array = [];
	let i;
	if (elements instanceof HTMLSelectElement) {
		const options = elements.options;
		for (i = 0; i &lt; options.length; ++i) {
			if (options[i].selected) {
				if (options[i].values) {
					return_array.push(options[i].values);
				} else {
					return_array.push(options[i].value);
				}

			}
		}
	} else if (elements instanceof HTMLInputElement) {
		if (type &amp;&amp; elements.type !== type) {
			return [];
		} else if (elements.checked) {
			return [ elements.value ];
		}
	} else {
		for (i = 0; i &lt; elements.length; ++i) {
			if (elements[i].checked) {
				if (type &amp;&amp; elements[i].type !== type) {
					continue;
				}
				if (elements[i].values) {
					return_array.push(elements[i].values);
				} else {
					return_array.push(elements[i].value);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return return_array;
};

/**
 * Does the same as {@link HTMLFormElement.getChecked|getChecked}, but with unchecked elements.
 *
 * @method external:HTMLFormElement.getUnchecked
 * @param {string} name - Find checked property of elements (i.e. a checkbox
 * or a radiobutton) with the given name, or select options that have selected
 * set to true (don't try to mix selects with radio/checkboxes).
 * @param {string} [type] - Optionally specify either radio or checkbox (for
 * the event that both checkboxes and radiobuttons have the same name).
 * @return {string[]} - Contains the values of elements with the given name
 * checked property set to true.
 */
HTMLFormElement.prototype.getUnchecked = function(name, type) {
	const elements = this.elements[name];
	if (!elements) {
		return [];
	}
	const return_array = [];
	let i;
	if (elements instanceof HTMLSelectElement) {
		const options = elements.options;
		for (i = 0; i &lt; options.length; ++i) {
			if (!options[i].selected) {
				if (options[i].values) {
					return_array.push(options[i].values);
				} else {
					return_array.push(options[i].value);
				}

			}
		}
	} else if (elements instanceof HTMLInputElement) {
		if (type &amp;&amp; elements.type !== type) {
			return [];
		} else if (!elements.checked) {
			return [ elements.value ];
		}
	} else {
		for (i = 0; i &lt; elements.length; ++i) {
			if (!elements[i].checked) {
				if (type &amp;&amp; elements[i].type !== type) {
					continue;
				}
				if (elements[i].values) {
					return_array.push(elements[i].values);
				} else {
					return_array.push(elements[i].value);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return return_array;
};

/**
 * Utilities to help process IP addresses.
 *
 * @namespace Morebits.ip
 * @memberof Morebits
 */
Morebits.ip = {
	/**
	 * Converts an IPv6 address to the canonical form stored and used by MediaWiki.
	 * JavaScript translation of the {@link https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/plugins/gitiles/mediawiki/core/+/8eb6ac3e84ea3312d391ca96c12c49e3ad0753bb/includes/utils/IP.php#131|`IP::sanitizeIP()`}
	 * function from the IPUtils library.  Addresses are verbose, uppercase,
	 * normalized, and expanded to 8 words.
	 *
	 * @param {string} address - The IPv6 address, with or without CIDR.
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	sanitizeIPv6: function (address) {
		address = address.trim();
		if (address === '') {
			return null;
		}
		if (!mw.util.isIPv6Address(address, true)) {
			return address; // nothing else to do for IPv4 addresses or invalid ones
		}
		// Remove any whitespaces, convert to upper case
		address = address.toUpperCase();
		// Expand zero abbreviations
		const abbrevPos = address.indexOf('::');
		if (abbrevPos &gt; -1) {
			// We know this is valid IPv6. Find the last index of the
			// address before any CIDR number (e.g. &quot;a:b:c::/24&quot;).
			const CIDRStart = address.indexOf('/');
			const addressEnd = CIDRStart !== -1 ? CIDRStart - 1 : address.length - 1;
			// If the '::' is at the beginning...
			let repeat, extra, pad;
			if (abbrevPos === 0) {
				repeat = '0:';
				extra = address === '::' ? '0' : ''; // for the address '::'
				pad = 9; // 7+2 (due to '::')
				// If the '::' is at the end...
			} else if (abbrevPos === (addressEnd - 1)) {
				repeat = ':0';
				extra = '';
				pad = 9; // 7+2 (due to '::')
				// If the '::' is in the middle...
			} else {
				repeat = ':0';
				extra = ':';
				pad = 8; // 6+2 (due to '::')
			}
			let replacement = repeat;
			pad -= address.split(':').length - 1;
			for (let i = 1; i &lt; pad; i++) {
				replacement += repeat;
			}
			replacement += extra;
			address = address.replace('::', replacement);
		}
		// Remove leading zeros from each bloc as needed
		return address.replace(/(^|:)0+([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})/g, '$1$2');
	},

	/**
	 * Determine if the given IP address is a range.  Just conjoins
	 * `mw.util.isIPAddress` with and without the `allowBlock` option.
	 *
	 * @param {string} ip
	 * @return {boolean} - True if given a valid IP address range, false otherwise.
	 */
	isRange: function (ip) {
		return mw.util.isIPAddress(ip, true) &amp;&amp; !mw.util.isIPAddress(ip);
	},

	/**
	 * Check that an IP range is within the CIDR limits.  Most likely to be useful
	 * in conjunction with `wgRelevantUserName`.  CIDR limits are hardcoded as /16
	 * for IPv4 and /32 for IPv6.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean} - True for valid ranges within the CIDR limits,
	 * otherwise false (ranges outside the limit, single IPs, non-IPs).
	 */
	validCIDR: function (ip) {
		if (Morebits.ip.isRange(ip)) {
			const subnet = parseInt(ip.match(/\/(\d{1,3})$/)[1], 10);
			if (subnet) { // Should be redundant
				if (mw.util.isIPv6Address(ip, true)) {
					if (subnet &gt;= 32) {
						return true;
					}
				} else {
					if (subnet &gt;= 16) {
						return true;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	},

	/**
	 * Get the /64 subnet for an IPv6 address.
	 *
	 * @param {string} ipv6 - The IPv6 address, with or without a subnet.
	 * @return {boolean|string} - False if not IPv6 or bigger than a 64,
	 * otherwise the (sanitized) /64 address.
	 */
	get64: function (ipv6) {
		if (!ipv6 || !mw.util.isIPv6Address(ipv6, true)) {
			return false;
		}
		const subnetMatch = ipv6.match(/\/(\d{1,3})$/);
		if (subnetMatch &amp;&amp; parseInt(subnetMatch[1], 10) &lt; 64) {
			return false;
		}
		ipv6 = Morebits.ip.sanitizeIPv6(ipv6);
		const ip_re = /^((?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){4})(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){3}[0-9A-F]{1,4}(?:\/\d{1,3})?$/;
		// eslint-disable-next-line no-useless-concat
		return ipv6.replace(ip_re, '$1' + '0:0:0:0/64');
	}
};

/**
 * Helper functions to manipulate strings.
 *
 * @namespace Morebits.string
 * @memberof Morebits
 */
Morebits.string = {
	/**
	 * @param {string} str
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	toUpperCaseFirstChar: function(str) {
		str = str.toString();
		return str.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1);
	},
	/**
	 * @param {string} str
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	toLowerCaseFirstChar: function(str) {
		str = str.toString();
		return str.slice(0, 1).toLowerCase() + str.slice(1);
	},

	/**
	 * Gives an array of substrings of `str` - starting with `start` and
	 * ending with `end` - which is not in `skiplist`.  Intended for use
	 * on wikitext with templates or links.
	 *
	 * @param {string} str
	 * @param {string} start
	 * @param {string} end
	 * @param {(string[]|string)} [skiplist]
	 * @return {string[]}
	 * @throws {Error} If the `start` and `end` strings aren't of the same length.
	 * @throws {Error} If `skiplist` isn't an array or string
	 */
	splitWeightedByKeys: function(str, start, end, skiplist) {
		if (start.length !== end.length) {
			throw new Error('start marker and end marker must be of the same length');
		}
		let level = 0;
		let initial = null;
		const result = [];
		if (!Array.isArray(skiplist)) {
			if (skiplist === undefined) {
				skiplist = [];
			} else if (typeof skiplist === 'string') {
				skiplist = [ skiplist ];
			} else {
				throw new Error('non-applicable skiplist parameter');
			}
		}
		for (let i = 0; i &lt; str.length; ++i) {
			for (let j = 0; j &lt; skiplist.length; ++j) {
				if (str.substr(i, skiplist[j].length) === skiplist[j]) {
					i += skiplist[j].length - 1;
					continue;
				}
			}
			if (str.substr(i, start.length) === start) {
				if (initial === null) {
					initial = i;
				}
				++level;
				i += start.length - 1;
			} else if (str.substr(i, end.length) === end) {
				--level;
				i += end.length - 1;
			}
			if (!level &amp;&amp; initial !== null) {
				result.push(str.substring(initial, i + 1));
				initial = null;
			}
		}

		return result;
	},

	/**
	 * Formats freeform &quot;reason&quot; (from a textarea) for deletion/other
	 * templates that are going to be substituted, (e.g. PROD, XFD, RPP).
	 * Handles `|` outside a nowiki tag.
	 * Optionally, also adds a signature if not present already.
	 *
	 * @param {string} str
	 * @param {boolean} [addSig]
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	formatReasonText: function(str, addSig) {
		let reason = (str || '').toString().trim();
		const unbinder = new Morebits.Unbinder(reason);
		// eslint-disable-next-line no-useless-concat
		unbinder.unbind('&lt;no' + 'wiki&gt;', '&lt;/no' + 'wiki&gt;');
		unbinder.content = unbinder.content.replace(/\|/g, '{{subst:!}}');
		reason = unbinder.rebind();
		if (addSig) {
			const sig = '~~~~', sigIndex = reason.lastIndexOf(sig);
			if (sigIndex === -1 || sigIndex !== reason.length - sig.length) {
				reason += ' ' + sig;
			}
		}
		return reason.trim();
	},

	/**
	 * Formats a &quot;reason&quot; (from a textarea) for inclusion in a userspace
	 * log.  Replaces newlines with {{Pb}}, and adds an extra `#` before
	 * list items for proper formatting.
	 *
	 * @param {string} str
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	formatReasonForLog: function(str) {
		return str
			// handle line breaks, which otherwise break numbering
			.replace(/\n+/g, '{{pb}}')
			// put an extra # in front before bulleted or numbered list items
			.replace(/^(#+)/mg, '#$1')
			.replace(/^(\*+)/mg, '#$1');
	},

	/**
	 * Like `String.prototype.replace()`, but escapes any dollar signs in
	 * the replacement string.  Useful when the the replacement string is
	 * arbitrary, such as a username or freeform user input, and could
	 * contain dollar signs.
	 *
	 * @param {string} string - Text in which to replace.
	 * @param {(string|RegExp)} pattern
	 * @param {string} replacement
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	safeReplace: function morebitsStringSafeReplace(string, pattern, replacement) {
		return string.replace(pattern, replacement.replace(/\$/g, '$$$$'));
	},

	/**
	 * Determine if the user-provided expiration will be considered an
	 * infinite-length by MW.
	 *
	 * @see {@link https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T68646}
	 *
	 * @param {string} expiry
	 * @return {boolean}
	 */
	isInfinity: function morebitsStringIsInfinity(expiry) {
		return ['indefinite', 'infinity', 'infinite', 'never'].includes(expiry);
	},

	/**
	 * Escapes a string to be used in a RegExp, replacing spaces and
	 * underscores with `[_ ]` as they are often equivalent.
	 *
	 * @param {string} text - String to be escaped.
	 * @return {string} - The escaped text.
	 */
	escapeRegExp: function(text) {
		return mw.util.escapeRegExp(text).replace(/ |_/g, '[_ ]');
	}
};

/**
 * Helper functions to manipulate arrays.
 *
 * @namespace Morebits.array
 * @memberof Morebits
 */
Morebits.array = {
	/**
	 * Remove duplicated items from an array.
	 *
	 * @param {Array} arr
	 * @return {Array} A copy of the array with duplicates removed.
	 * @throws {Error} When provided a non-array.
	 */
	uniq: function(arr) {
		if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
			throw new Error('A non-array object passed to Morebits.array.uniq');
		}
		return arr.filter((item, idx) =&gt; arr.indexOf(item) === idx);
	},

	/**
	 * Remove non-duplicated items from an array.
	 *
	 * @param {Array} arr
	 * @return {Array} A copy of the array with the first instance of each value
	 * removed; subsequent instances of those values (duplicates) remain.
	 * @throws {Error} When provided a non-array.
	 */
	dups: function(arr) {
		if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
			throw new Error('A non-array object passed to Morebits.array.dups');
		}
		return arr.filter((item, idx) =&gt; arr.indexOf(item) !== idx);
	},

	/**
	 * Break up an array into smaller arrays.
	 *
	 * @param {Array} arr
	 * @param {number} size - Size of each chunk (except the last, which could be different).
	 * @return {Array[]} An array containing the smaller, chunked arrays.
	 * @throws {Error} When provided a non-array.
	 */
	chunk: function(arr, size) {
		if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
			throw new Error('A non-array object passed to Morebits.array.chunk');
		}
		if (typeof size !== 'number' || size &lt;= 0) { // pretty impossible to do anything :)
			return [ arr ]; // we return an array consisting of this array.
		}
		const numChunks = Math.ceil(arr.length / size);
		const result = new Array(numChunks);
		for (let i = 0; i &lt; numChunks; i++) {
			result[i] = arr.slice(i * size, (i + 1) * size);
		}
		return result;
	}
};

/**
 * Utilities to enhance select2 menus. See twinklewarn, twinklexfd,
 * twinkleblock for sample usages.
 *
 * @see {@link https://select2.org/}
 *
 * @namespace Morebits.select2
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @requires jQuery.select2
 */
Morebits.select2 = {
	matchers: {
		/**
		 * Custom matcher in which if the optgroup name matches, all options in that
		 * group are shown, like in jquery.chosen.
		 */
		optgroupFull: function(params, data) {
			const originalMatcher = $.fn.select2.defaults.defaults.matcher;
			const result = originalMatcher(params, data);

			if (result &amp;&amp; params.term &amp;&amp;
				data.text.toUpperCase().includes(params.term.toUpperCase())) {
				result.children = data.children;
			}
			return result;
		},

		/** Custom matcher that matches from the beginning of words only. */
		wordBeginning: function(params, data) {
			const originalMatcher = $.fn.select2.defaults.defaults.matcher;
			const result = originalMatcher(params, data);
			if (!params.term || (result &amp;&amp;
				new RegExp('\\b' + mw.util.escapeRegExp(params.term), 'i').test(result.text))) {
				return result;
			}
			return null;
		}
	},

	/** Underline matched part of options. */
	highlightSearchMatches: function(data) {
		const searchTerm = Morebits.select2SearchQuery;
		if (!searchTerm || data.loading) {
			return data.text;
		}
		const idx = data.text.toUpperCase().indexOf(searchTerm.toUpperCase());
		if (idx &lt; 0) {
			return data.text;
		}

		return $('&lt;span&gt;').append(
			data.text.slice(0, idx),
			$('&lt;span&gt;').css('text-decoration', 'underline').text(data.text.slice(idx, idx + searchTerm.length)),
			data.text.slice(idx + searchTerm.length)
		);
	},

	/** Intercept query as it is happening, for use in highlightSearchMatches. */
	queryInterceptor: function(params) {
		Morebits.select2SearchQuery = params &amp;&amp; params.term;
	},

	/**
	 * Open dropdown and begin search when the `.select2-selection` has
	 * focus and a key is pressed.
	 *
	 * @see {@link https://github.com/select2/select2/issues/3279#issuecomment-442524147}
	 */
	autoStart: function(ev) {
		if (ev.which &lt; 48) {
			return;
		}
		let $target = $(ev.target).closest('.select2-container');
		if (!$target.length) {
			return;
		}
		$target = $target.prev();
		$target.select2('open');
		const search = $target.data('select2').dropdown.$search ||
			$target.data('select2').selection.$search;
		// Use DOM .focus() to work around a jQuery 3.6.0 regression (https://github.com/select2/select2/issues/5993)
		search[0].focus();
	}

};

/**
 * Temporarily hide a part of a string while processing the rest of it.
 * Used by {@link Morebits.wikitext.Page#commentOutImage|Morebits.wikitext.Page.commentOutImage}.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 * @param {string} string - The initial text to process.
 * @example var u = new Morebits.Unbinder('Hello world &lt;!-- world --&gt; world');
 * u.unbind('&lt;!--', '--&gt;'); // text inside comment remains intact
 * u.content = u.content.replace(/world/g, 'earth');
 * u.rebind(); // gives 'Hello earth &lt;!-- world --&gt; earth'
 */
Morebits.Unbinder = function Unbinder(string) {
	if (typeof string !== 'string') {
		throw new Error('not a string');
	}
	/** The text being processed. */
	this.content = string;
	this.counter = 0;
	this.history = {};
	this.prefix = '%UNIQ::' + Math.random() + '::';
	this.postfix = '::UNIQ%';
};

Morebits.Unbinder.prototype = {
	/**
	 * Hide the region encapsulated by the `prefix` and `postfix` from
	 * string processing.  `prefix` and `postfix` will be used in a
	 * RegExp, so items that need escaping should be use `\\`.
	 *
	 * @param {string} prefix
	 * @param {string} postfix
	 * @throws {Error} If either `prefix` or `postfix` is missing.
	 */
	unbind: function UnbinderUnbind(prefix, postfix) {
		if (!prefix || !postfix) {
			throw new Error('Both prefix and postfix must be provided');
		}
		const re = new RegExp(prefix + '([\\s\\S]*?)' + postfix, 'g');
		this.content = this.content.replace(re, Morebits.Unbinder.getCallback(this));
	},

	/**
	 * Restore the hidden portion of the `content` string.
	 *
	 * @return {string} The processed output.
	 */
	rebind: function UnbinderRebind() {
		let content = this.content;
		content.self = this;
		for (const current in this.history) {
			if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(this.history, current)) {
				content = content.replace(current, this.history[current]);
			}
		}
		return content;
	},
	prefix: null, // %UNIQ::0.5955981644938324::
	postfix: null, // ::UNIQ%
	content: null, // string
	counter: null, // 0++
	history: null // {}
};
/** @memberof Morebits.Unbinder */
Morebits.Unbinder.getCallback = function UnbinderGetCallback(self) {
	return function UnbinderCallback(match) {
		const current = self.prefix + self.counter + self.postfix;
		self.history[current] = match;
		++self.counter;
		return current;
	};
};

/* **************** Morebits.Date **************** */
/**
 * Create a date object with enhanced processing capabilities, a la
 * {@link https://momentjs.com/|moment.js}. MediaWiki timestamp format is also
 * acceptable, in addition to everything that JS Date() accepts.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 */
Morebits.Date = class extends Date {
	constructor(...args) {
		// Check MediaWiki formats
		// Must be first since firefox erroneously accepts the timestamp
		// format, sans timezone (See also: #921, #936, #1174, #1187), and the
		// 14-digit string will be interpreted differently.
		if (args.length === 1) {
			const param = args[0];
			if (/^\d{14}$/.test(param)) {
				// YYYYMMDDHHmmss
				const digitMatch = /(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})/.exec(param);
				if (digitMatch) {
					// ..... year ... month .. date ... hour .... minute ..... second
					super(Date.UTC(digitMatch[1], digitMatch[2] - 1, digitMatch[3], digitMatch[4], digitMatch[5], digitMatch[6]));
				} else {
					super(...args);
				}
			} else if (typeof param === 'string') {
				// Wikitext signature timestamp
				const dateParts = Morebits.l10n.signatureTimestampFormat(param);
				if (dateParts) {
					super(Date.UTC(...dateParts));
				} else {
					super(...args);
				}
			} else {
				super(...args);
			}
		} else {
			super(...args);
		}

		if (!this.isValid()) {
			mw.log.warn('Invalid Morebits.Date initialisation:', args);
		}
	}

	/** @return {boolean} */
	isValid() {
		return !isNaN(this.getTime());
	}

	/**
	 * @param {(Date|Morebits.Date)} date
	 * @return {boolean}
	 */
	isBefore(date) {
		return this.getTime() &lt; date.getTime();
	}

	/**
	 * @param {(Date|Morebits.Date)} date
	 * @return {boolean}
	 */
	isAfter(date) {
		return this.getTime() &gt; date.getTime();
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getUTCMonthName() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.months[this.getUTCMonth()];
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getUTCMonthNameAbbrev() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.monthsShort[this.getUTCMonth()];
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getMonthName() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.months[this.getMonth()];
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getMonthNameAbbrev() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.monthsShort[this.getMonth()];
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getUTCDayName() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.days[this.getUTCDay()];
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getUTCDayNameAbbrev() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.daysShort[this.getUTCDay()];
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getDayName() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.days[this.getDay()];
	}

	/** @return {string} */
	getDayNameAbbrev() {
		return Morebits.Date.localeData.daysShort[this.getDay()];
	}

	/**
	 * Add a given number of minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, or years to the date.
	 * This is done in-place. The modified date object is also returned, allowing chaining.
	 *
	 * @param {number} number - Should be an integer.
	 * @param {string} unit
	 * @throws {Error} If invalid or unsupported unit is given.
	 * @return {Morebits.Date}
	 */
	add(number, unit) {
		let num = parseInt(number, 10); // normalize
		if (isNaN(num)) {
			throw new Error('Invalid number &quot;' + number + '&quot; provided.');
		}
		unit = unit.toLowerCase(); // normalize
		const unitMap = Morebits.Date.unitMap;
		let unitNorm = unitMap[unit] || unitMap[unit + 's']; // so that both singular and  plural forms work
		if (unitNorm) {
			// No built-in week functions, so rather than build out ISO's getWeek/setWeek, just multiply
			// Probably can't be used for Julian-&gt;Gregorian changeovers, etc.
			if (unitNorm === 'Week') {
				unitNorm = 'Date';
				num *= 7;
			}
			this['set' + unitNorm](this['get' + unitNorm]() + num);
			return this;
		}
		throw new Error('Invalid unit &quot;' + unit + '&quot;: Only ' + Object.keys(unitMap).join(', ') + ' are allowed.');
	}

	/**
	 * Subtracts a given number of minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, or years to the date.
	 * This is done in-place. The modified date object is also returned, allowing chaining.
	 *
	 * @param {number} number - Should be an integer.
	 * @param {string} unit
	 * @throws {Error} If invalid or unsupported unit is given.
	 * @return {Morebits.Date}
	 */
	subtract(number, unit) {
		return this.add(-number, unit);
	}

	/**
	 * Format the date into a string per the given format string.
	 * Replacement syntax is a subset of that in moment.js:
	 *
	 * | Syntax | Output |
	 * |--------|--------|
	 * | H | Hours (24-hour) |
	 * | HH | Hours (24-hour, padded to 2 digits) |
	 * | h | Hours (12-hour) |
	 * | hh | Hours (12-hour, padded to 2 digits) |
	 * | A | AM or PM |
	 * | m | Minutes |
	 * | mm | Minutes (padded to 2 digits) |
	 * | s | Seconds |
	 * | ss | Seconds (padded to 2 digits) |
	 * | SSS | Milliseconds fragment, 3 digits |
	 * | d | Day number of the week (Sun=0) |
	 * | ddd | Abbreviated day name |
	 * | dddd | Full day name |
	 * | D | Date |
	 * | DD | Date (padded to 2 digits) |
	 * | M | Month number (1-indexed) |
	 * | MM | Month number (1-indexed, padded to 2 digits) |
	 * | MMM | Abbreviated month name |
	 * | MMMM | Full month name |
	 * | Y | Year |
	 * | YY | Final two digits of year (20 for 2020, 42 for 1942) |
	 * | YYYY | Year (same as `Y`) |
	 *
	 * @param {string} formatstr - Format the date into a string, using
	 * the replacement syntax.  Use `[` and `]` to escape items.  If not
	 * provided, will return the ISO-8601-formatted string.
	 * @param {(string|number)} [zone=system] - `system` (for browser-default time zone),
	 * `utc`, or specify a time zone as number of minutes relative to UTC.
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	format(formatstr, zone) {
		if (!this.isValid()) {
			return 'Invalid date'; // Put the truth out, preferable to &quot;NaNNaNNan NaN:NaN&quot; or whatever
		}
		let udate = this;
		// create a new date object that will contain the date to display as system time
		if (zone === 'utc') {
			udate = new Morebits.Date(this.getTime()).add(this.getTimezoneOffset(), 'minutes');
		} else if (typeof zone === 'number') {
			// convert to utc, then add the utc offset given
			udate = new Morebits.Date(this.getTime()).add(this.getTimezoneOffset() + zone, 'minutes');
		}

		// default to ISOString
		if (!formatstr) {
			return udate.toISOString();
		}

		const pad = function(num, len) {
			len = len || 2; // Up to length of 00 + 1
			return ('00' + num).toString().slice(0 - len);
		};
		const h24 = udate.getHours(), m = udate.getMinutes(), s = udate.getSeconds(), ms = udate.getMilliseconds();
		const D = udate.getDate(), M = udate.getMonth() + 1, Y = udate.getFullYear();
		const h12 = h24 % 12 || 12, amOrPm = h24 &gt;= 12 ? 'PM' : 'AM';
		const replacementMap = {
			HH: pad(h24), H: h24, hh: pad(h12), h: h12, A: amOrPm,
			mm: pad(m), m: m,
			ss: pad(s), s: s,
			SSS: pad(ms, 3),
			dddd: udate.getDayName(), ddd: udate.getDayNameAbbrev(), d: udate.getDay(),
			DD: pad(D), D: D,
			MMMM: udate.getMonthName(), MMM: udate.getMonthNameAbbrev(), MM: pad(M), M: M,
			YYYY: Y, YY: pad(Y % 100), Y: Y
		};

		const unbinder = new Morebits.Unbinder(formatstr); // escape stuff between [...]
		unbinder.unbind('\\[', '\\]');
		unbinder.content = unbinder.content.replace(
			/* Regex notes:
			 * d(d{2,3})? matches exactly 1, 3 or 4 occurrences of 'd' ('dd' is treated as a double match of 'd')
			 * Y{1,2}(Y{2})? matches exactly 1, 2 or 4 occurrences of 'Y'
			 */
			/H{1,2}|h{1,2}|m{1,2}|s{1,2}|SSS|d(d{2,3})?|D{1,2}|M{1,4}|Y{1,2}(Y{2})?|A/g,
			(match) =&gt; replacementMap[match]
		);
		return unbinder.rebind().replace(/\[(.*?)\]/g, '$1');
	}

	/**
	 * Gives a readable relative time string such as &quot;Yesterday at 6:43 PM&quot; or &quot;Last Thursday at 11:45 AM&quot;.
	 * Similar to `calendar` in moment.js, but with time zone support.
	 *
	 * @param {(string|number)} [zone=system] - 'system' (for browser-default time zone),
	 * 'utc' (for UTC), or specify a time zone as number of minutes past UTC.
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	calendar(zone) {
		// Zero out the hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds - keeping only the date;
		// find the difference. Note that setHours() returns the same thing as getTime().
		const dateDiff = (new Date().setHours(0, 0, 0, 0) -
			new Date(this).setHours(0, 0, 0, 0)) / 8.64e7;
		switch (true) {
			case dateDiff === 0:
				return this.format(Morebits.Date.localeData.relativeTimes.thisDay, zone);
			case dateDiff === 1:
				return this.format(Morebits.Date.localeData.relativeTimes.prevDay, zone);
			case dateDiff &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; dateDiff &lt; 7:
				return this.format(Morebits.Date.localeData.relativeTimes.pastWeek, zone);
			case dateDiff === -1:
				return this.format(Morebits.Date.localeData.relativeTimes.nextDay, zone);
			case dateDiff &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; dateDiff &gt; -7:
				return this.format(Morebits.Date.localeData.relativeTimes.thisWeek, zone);
			default:
				return this.format(Morebits.Date.localeData.relativeTimes.other, zone);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get a regular expression that matches wikitext section titles, such
	 * as `==December 2019==` or `=== Jan 2018 ===`.
	 *
	 * @return {RegExp}
	 */
	monthHeaderRegex() {
		return new RegExp('^(==+)\\s*(?:' + this.getUTCMonthName() + '|' + this.getUTCMonthNameAbbrev() +
			')\\s+' + this.getUTCFullYear() + '\\s*\\1', 'mg');
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a wikitext section header with the month and year.
	 *
	 * @param {number} [level=2] - Header level.  Pass 0 for just the text
	 * with no wikitext markers (==).
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	monthHeader(level) {
		// Default to 2, but allow for 0 or stringy numbers
		level = parseInt(level, 10);
		level = isNaN(level) ? 2 : level;

		const header = '='.repeat(level);
		const text = this.getUTCMonthName() + ' ' + this.getUTCFullYear();

		if (header.length) { // wikitext-formatted header
			return header + ' ' + text + ' ' + header;
		}
		return text; // Just the string

	}
};

/**
 * Localized strings for date processing.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.Date
 * @type {object.&lt;string, string&gt;}
 * @property {string[]} months
 * @property {string[]} monthsShort
 * @property {string[]} days
 * @property {string[]} daysShort
 * @property {object.&lt;string, string&gt;} relativeTimes
 * @private
 */
Morebits.Date.localeData = {
	// message names here correspond to MediaWiki message names
	months: ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September',
		'October', 'November', 'December'],
	monthsShort: ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'],
	days: ['Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday'],
	daysShort: ['Sun', 'Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat'],

	relativeTimes: {
		thisDay: '[Today at] h:mm A',
		prevDay: '[Yesterday at] h:mm A',
		nextDay: '[Tomorrow at] h:mm A',
		thisWeek: 'dddd [at] h:mm A',
		pastWeek: '[Last] dddd [at] h:mm A',
		other: 'YYYY-MM-DD'
	}
};

/**
 * Map units with getter/setter function names, for `add` and `subtract`
 * methods.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.Date
 * @type {object.&lt;string, string&gt;}
 * @property {string} seconds
 * @property {string} minutes
 * @property {string} hours
 * @property {string} days
 * @property {string} weeks
 * @property {string} months
 * @property {string} years
 */
Morebits.Date.unitMap = {
	seconds: 'Seconds',
	minutes: 'Minutes',
	hours: 'Hours',
	days: 'Date',
	weeks: 'Week', // Not a function but handled in `add` through cunning use of multiplication
	months: 'Month',
	years: 'FullYear'
};

/* **************** Morebits.wiki **************** */
/**
 * Various objects for wiki editing and API access, including
 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Api} and {@link Morebits.wiki.Page}.
 *
 * @namespace Morebits.wiki
 * @memberof Morebits
 */
Morebits.wiki = {};

/* **************** Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted **************** */
/**
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki
 * @type {number}
 */
Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft = 0;
/**
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki
 * @type {number}
 */
Morebits.wiki.nbrOfCheckpointsLeft = 0;

/**
 * Display message and/or redirect to page upon completion of tasks.
 *
 * Every call to Morebits.wiki.Api.post() results in the dispatch of an
 * asynchronous callback. Each callback can in turn make an additional call to
 * Morebits.wiki.Api.post() to continue a processing sequence. At the
 * conclusion of the final callback of a processing sequence, it is not
 * possible to simply return to the original caller because there is no call
 * stack leading back to the original context. Instead,
 * Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.event() is called to display the result to
 * the user and to perform an optional page redirect.
 *
 * The determination of when to call Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.event() is
 * managed through the globals Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft and
 * Morebits.wiki.nbrOfCheckpointsLeft. Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft is
 * incremented at the start of every Morebits.wiki.Api call and decremented
 * after the completion of a callback function. If a callback function does
 * not create a new Morebits.wiki.Api object before exiting, it is the final
 * step in the processing chain and Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.event() will
 * then be called.
 *
 * Optionally, callers may use Morebits.wiki.addCheckpoint() to indicate that
 * processing is not complete upon the conclusion of the final callback
 * function.  This is used for batch operations. The end of a batch is
 * signaled by calling Morebits.wiki.removeCheckpoint().
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki
 */
Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted = function(self) {
	if (--Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft &lt;= 0 &amp;&amp; Morebits.wiki.nbrOfCheckpointsLeft &lt;= 0) {
		Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.event(self);
	}
};

// Change per action wanted
/** @memberof Morebits.wiki */
Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.event = function() {
	if (Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.notice) {
		Morebits.Status.actionCompleted(Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.notice);
	}
	if (Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect) {
		// if it isn't a URL, make it one. TODO: This breaks on the articles 'http://', 'ftp://', and similar ones.
		if (!(/^\w+:\/\//).test(Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect)) {
			Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect = mw.util.getUrl(Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect);
			if (Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.followRedirect === false) {
				Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect += '?redirect=no';
			}
		}
		window.setTimeout(() =&gt; {
			window.location = Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect;
		}, Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.timeOut);
	}
};

/** @memberof Morebits.wiki */
Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.timeOut = typeof window.wpActionCompletedTimeOut === 'undefined' ? 5000 : window.wpActionCompletedTimeOut;
/** @memberof Morebits.wiki */
Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect = null;
/** @memberof Morebits.wiki */
Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.notice = null;

/** @memberof Morebits.wiki */
Morebits.wiki.addCheckpoint = function() {
	++Morebits.wiki.nbrOfCheckpointsLeft;
};

/** @memberof Morebits.wiki */
Morebits.wiki.removeCheckpoint = function() {
	if (--Morebits.wiki.nbrOfCheckpointsLeft &lt;= 0 &amp;&amp; Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft &lt;= 0) {
		Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.event();
	}
};

/* **************** Morebits.wiki.Api **************** */
/**
 * An easy way to talk to the MediaWiki API.  Accepts either json or xml
 * (default) formats; if json is selected, will default to `formatversion=2`
 * unless otherwise specified.  Similarly, enforces newer `errorformat`s,
 * defaulting to `html` if unspecified.  `uselang` enforced to the wiki's
 * content language.
 *
 * In new code, the use of the last 3 parameters should be avoided, instead
 * use {@link Morebits.wiki.Api#setStatusElement|setStatusElement()} to bind
 * the status element (if needed) and use `.then()` or `.catch()` on the
 * promise returned by `post()`, rather than specify the `onSuccess` or
 * `onFailure` callbacks.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki
 * @class
 * @param {string} currentAction - The current action (required).
 * @param {Object} query - The query (required).
 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - The function to call when request is successful.
 * @param {Morebits.Status} [statusElement] - A Morebits.Status object to use for status messages.
 * @param {Function} [onError] - The function to call if an error occurs.
 */
Morebits.wiki.Api = function(currentAction, query, onSuccess, statusElement, onError) {
	this.currentAction = currentAction;
	this.query = query;
	this.query.assert = 'user';
	// Enforce newer error formats, preferring html
	if (!query.errorformat || !['wikitext', 'plaintext'].includes(query.errorformat)) {
		this.query.errorformat = 'html';
	}
	// Explicitly use the wiki's content language to minimize confusion,
	// see #1179 for discussion
	this.query.uselang = 'content';
	this.query.errorlang = 'uselang';
	this.query.errorsuselocal = 1;

	this.onSuccess = onSuccess;
	this.onError = onError;
	if (statusElement) {
		this.setStatusElement(statusElement);
	} else {
		this.statelem = new Morebits.Status(currentAction);
	}
	// JSON is used throughout Morebits/Twinkle, but xml remains the default for backwards compatibility
	if (!query.format) {
		this.query.format = 'xml';
	} else if (query.format === 'json' &amp;&amp; !query.formatversion) {
		this.query.formatversion = '2';
	} else if (!['xml', 'json'].includes(query.format)) {
		this.statelem.error('Invalid API format: only xml and json are supported.');
	}

	// Ignore tags for queries and most common unsupported actions, produces warnings
	if (query.action &amp;&amp; ['query', 'review', 'stabilize', 'watch'].includes(query.action)) {
		delete query.tags;
	}
};

Morebits.wiki.Api.prototype = {
	currentAction: '',
	onSuccess: null,
	onError: null,
	parent: window, // use global context if there is no parent object
	query: null,
	response: null,
	responseXML: null, // use `response` instead; retained for backwards compatibility
	statelem: null, // this non-standard name kept for backwards compatibility
	statusText: null, // result received from the API, normally &quot;success&quot; or &quot;error&quot;
	errorCode: null, // short text error code, if any, as documented in the MediaWiki API
	errorText: null, // full error description, if any
	badtokenRetry: false, // set to true if this on a retry attempted after a badtoken error

	/**
	 * Keep track of parent object for callbacks.
	 *
	 * @param {*} parent
	 */
	setParent: function(parent) {
		this.parent = parent;
	},

	/** @param {Morebits.Status} statusElement */
	setStatusElement: function(statusElement) {
		this.statelem = statusElement;
		this.statelem.status(this.currentAction);
	},

	/**
	 * Carry out the request.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} callerAjaxParameters - Do not specify a parameter unless you really
	 * really want to give jQuery some extra parameters.
	 * @return {jQuery.Promise} - A jQuery promise object that is resolved or rejected with the api object.
	 */
	post: function(callerAjaxParameters) {

		++Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft;

		const queryString = $.map(this.query, (val, i) =&gt; {
			if (Array.isArray(val)) {
				return encodeURIComponent(i) + '=' + val.map(encodeURIComponent).join('|');
			} else if (val !== undefined) {
				return encodeURIComponent(i) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(val);
			}
		}).join('&amp;').replace(/^(.*?)(\btoken=[^&amp;]*)&amp;(.*)/, '$1$3&amp;$2');
		// token should always be the last item in the query string (bug TW-B-0013)

		const headers = {
			'Api-User-Agent': morebitsWikiApiUserAgent
		};
		if (this.query.action === 'parse') {
			// Per https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Etiquette
			headers['Promise-Non-Write-API-Action'] = 'true';
		}
		const ajaxparams = $.extend({}, {
			context: this,
			type: this.query.action === 'query' ? 'GET' : 'POST',
			url: mw.util.wikiScript('api'),
			data: queryString,
			dataType: this.query.format,
			headers
		}, callerAjaxParameters);

		return $.ajax(ajaxparams).then(

			function onAPIsuccess(response, statusText) {
				this.statusText = statusText;
				this.response = this.responseXML = response;
				// Limit to first error
				if (this.query.format === 'json') {
					this.errorCode = response.errors &amp;&amp; response.errors[0].code;
					if (this.query.errorformat === 'html') {
						this.errorText = response.errors &amp;&amp; response.errors[0].html;
					} else if (this.query.errorformat === 'wikitext' || this.query.errorformat === 'plaintext') {
						this.errorText = response.errors &amp;&amp; response.errors[0].text;
					}
				} else {
					this.errorCode = $(response).find('errors error').eq(0).attr('code');
					// Sufficient for html, wikitext, or plaintext errorformats
					this.errorText = $(response).find('errors error').eq(0).text();
				}

				if (typeof this.errorCode === 'string') {
					// the API didn't like what we told it, e.g., bad edit token or an error creating a page
					return this.returnError(callerAjaxParameters);
				}

				// invoke success callback if one was supplied
				if (this.onSuccess) {
					// set the callback context to this.parent for new code and supply the API object
					// as the first argument to the callback (for legacy code)
					this.onSuccess.call(this.parent, this);
				} else {
					this.statelem.info('done');
				}

				Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted();

				return $.Deferred().resolveWith(this.parent, [this]);
			},

			// only network and server errors reach here - complaints from the API itself are caught in success()
			function onAPIfailure(jqXHR, statusText, errorThrown) {
				this.statusText = statusText;
				this.errorThrown = errorThrown; // frequently undefined
				this.errorText = statusText + ' &quot;' + jqXHR.statusText + '&quot; occurred while contacting the API.';
				return this.returnError();
			}

		);
	},

	returnError: function(callerAjaxParameters) {
		if (this.errorCode === 'badtoken' &amp;&amp; !this.badtokenRetry) {
			this.statelem.warn('Invalid token. Getting a new token and retrying...');
			this.badtokenRetry = true;
			// Get a new CSRF token and retry. If the original action needs a different
			// type of action than CSRF, we do one pointless retry before bailing out
			return Morebits.wiki.Api.getToken().then((token) =&gt; {
				this.query.token = token;
				return this.post(callerAjaxParameters);
			});
		}

		this.statelem.error(this.errorText + ' (' + this.errorCode + ')');

		// invoke failure callback if one was supplied
		if (this.onError) {

			// set the callback context to this.parent for new code and supply the API object
			// as the first argument to the callback for legacy code
			this.onError.call(this.parent, this);
		}
		// don't complete the action so that the error remains displayed

		return $.Deferred().rejectWith(this.parent, [this]);
	},

	getStatusElement: function() {
		return this.statelem;
	},

	getErrorCode: function() {
		return this.errorCode;
	},

	getErrorText: function() {
		return this.errorText;
	},

	getXML: function() { // retained for backwards compatibility, use getResponse() instead
		return this.responseXML;
	},

	getResponse: function() {
		return this.response;
	}

};

/**
 * Retrieves wikitext from a page. Caching is enabled with a duration of 1 day.
 *
 * @param {string} title - Page title
 * @return {Promise&lt;string|null&gt;} Returns page content, or null if the page doesn't exist.
 */
Morebits.wiki.getCachedPage = function(title) {
	return new mw.Api({ userAgent: morebitsWikiApiUserAgent }).get({
		action: 'query',
		prop: 'revisions',
		titles: title,
		rvprop: 'content',
		rvslots: '*',
		format: 'json',
		formatversion: '2',
		smaxage: '86400', // cache for 1 day
		maxage: '86400', // cache for 1 day
		uselang: 'content'
	}).then((data) =&gt; {
		const page = data.query.pages[0];
		if (page.missing) {
			return null;
		}
		return page.revisions[0].slots.main.content;
	});
};

/**
 * Retrieves JSON from a page. Caching is enabled with a duration of 1 day.
 *
 * @param {string} title - Page title
 * @return {Promise&lt;string&gt;}
 */
Morebits.wiki.getCachedJson = function(title) {
	return Morebits.wiki.getCachedPage(title).then((wikitext) =&gt; JSON.parse(wikitext));
};

var morebitsWikiApiUserAgent = 'morebits.js ([[w:WT:TW]])';
/**
 * Set the custom user agent header, which is used for server-side logging.
 * Note that doing so will set the useragent for every `Morebits.wiki.Api`
 * process performed thereafter.
 *
 * @see {@link https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/mediawiki-api-announce/2014-November/000075.html}
 * for original announcement.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki.Api
 * @param {string} [ua=morebits.js ([[w:WT:TW]])] - User agent.  The default
 * value of `morebits.js ([[w:WT:TW]])` will be appended to any provided
 * value.
 */
Morebits.wiki.Api.setApiUserAgent = function(ua) {
	morebitsWikiApiUserAgent = (ua ? ua + ' ' : '') + 'morebits.js ([[w:WT:TW]])';
};

/**
 * Get a new CSRF token on encountering token errors.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki.Api
 * @return {string} MediaWiki CSRF token.
 */
Morebits.wiki.Api.getToken = function() {
	const tokenApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('Getting token', {
		action: 'query',
		meta: 'tokens',
		type: 'csrf',
		format: 'json'
	});
	return tokenApi.post().then((apiobj) =&gt; apiobj.response.query.tokens.csrftoken);
};

/* **************** Morebits.wiki.Page **************** */
/**
 * Use the MediaWiki API to load a page and optionally edit it, move it, etc.
 *
 * Callers are not permitted to directly access the properties of this class!
 * All property access is through the appropriate get___() or set___() method.
 *
 * Callers should set {@link Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.notice} and {@link Morebits.wiki.actionCompleted.redirect}
 * before the first call to {@link Morebits.wiki.Page.load()}.
 *
 * Each of the callback functions takes one parameter, which is a
 * reference to the Morebits.wiki.Page object that registered the callback.
 * Callback functions may invoke any Morebits.wiki.Page prototype method using this reference.
 *
 *
 * Call sequence for common operations (optional final user callbacks not shown):
 *
 * - Edit current contents of a page (no edit conflict):
 * `.load(userTextEditCallback) -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post() -&gt;
 * ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt; ctx.fnLoadSuccess() -&gt; userTextEditCallback() -&gt;
 * .save() -&gt; ctx.saveApi.post() -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt; ctx.fnSaveSuccess()`
 *
 * - Edit current contents of a page (with edit conflict):
 * `.load(userTextEditCallback) -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post() -&gt;
 * ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt; ctx.fnLoadSuccess() -&gt; userTextEditCallback() -&gt;
 * .save() -&gt; ctx.saveApi.post() -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt;
 * ctx.fnSaveError() -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post() -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt;
 * ctx.fnLoadSuccess() -&gt; userTextEditCallback() -&gt; .save() -&gt;
 * ctx.saveApi.post() -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt; ctx.fnSaveSuccess()`
 *
 * - Append to a page (similar for prepend and newSection):
 * `.append() -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post() -&gt; ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt;
 * ctx.fnLoadSuccess() -&gt; ctx.fnAutoSave() -&gt; .save() -&gt; ctx.saveApi.post() -&gt;
 * ctx.loadApi.post.success() -&gt; ctx.fnSaveSuccess()`
 *
 * Notes:
 * 1. All functions following Morebits.wiki.Api.post() are invoked asynchronously from the jQuery AJAX library.
 * 2. The sequence for append/prepend/newSection could be slightly shortened,
 * but it would require significant duplication of code for little benefit.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki
 * @class
 * @param {string} pageName - The name of the page, prefixed by the namespace (if any).
 * For the current page, use `mw.config.get('wgPageName')`.
 * @param {string|Morebits.Status} [status] - A string describing the action about to be undertaken,
 * or a Morebits.Status object
 */
Morebits.wiki.Page = function(pageName, status) {

	if (!status) {
		status = 'Opening page &quot;' + pageName + '&quot;';
	}

	/**
	 * Private context variables.
	 *
	 * This context is not visible to the outside, thus all the data here
	 * must be accessed via getter and setter functions.
	 *
	 * @private
	 */
	const ctx = {
		// backing fields for public properties
		pageName: pageName,
		pageExists: false,
		editSummary: null,
		changeTags: null,
		testActions: null, // array if any valid actions
		callbackParameters: null,
		statusElement: status instanceof Morebits.Status ? status : new Morebits.Status(status),

		// - edit
		pageText: null,
		editMode: 'all', // save() replaces entire contents of the page by default
		appendText: null, // can't reuse pageText for this because pageText is needed to follow a redirect
		prependText: null, // can't reuse pageText for this because pageText is needed to follow a redirect
		newSectionText: null,
		newSectionTitle: null,
		createOption: null,
		minorEdit: false,
		botEdit: false,
		pageSection: null,
		maxConflictRetries: 2,
		maxRetries: 2,
		followRedirect: false,
		followCrossNsRedirect: true,
		watchlistOption: 'nochange',
		watchlistExpiry: null,
		discussionToolsAutoSubscribe: null,
		creator: null,
		timestamp: null,

		// - revert
		revertOldID: null,

		// - move
		moveDestination: null,
		moveTalkPage: false,
		moveSubpages: false,
		moveSuppressRedirect: false,

		// - protect
		protectEdit: null,
		protectMove: null,
		protectCreate: null,
		protectCascade: null,

		// - delete
		deleteTalkPage: false,

		// - undelete
		undeleteTalkPage: false,

		// - creation lookup
		lookupNonRedirectCreator: false,

		// - stabilize (FlaggedRevs)
		flaggedRevs: null,

		// internal status
		pageLoaded: false,
		csrfToken: null,
		loadTime: null,
		lastEditTime: null,
		pageID: null,
		contentModel: null,
		revertCurID: null,
		revertUser: null,
		watched: false,
		fullyProtected: false,
		suppressProtectWarning: false,
		conflictRetries: 0,
		retries: 0,

		// callbacks
		onLoadSuccess: null,
		onLoadFailure: null,
		onSaveSuccess: null,
		onSaveFailure: null,
		onLookupCreationSuccess: null,
		onLookupCreationFailure: null,
		onMoveSuccess: null,
		onMoveFailure: null,
		onDeleteSuccess: null,
		onDeleteFailure: null,
		onUndeleteSuccess: null,
		onUndeleteFailure: null,
		onProtectSuccess: null,
		onProtectFailure: null,
		onStabilizeSuccess: null,
		onStabilizeFailure: null,

		// internal objects
		loadQuery: null,
		loadApi: null,
		saveApi: null,
		lookupCreationApi: null,
		moveApi: null,
		moveProcessApi: null,
		patrolApi: null,
		patrolProcessApi: null,
		triageApi: null,
		triageProcessListApi: null,
		triageProcessApi: null,
		deleteApi: null,
		deleteProcessApi: null,
		undeleteApi: null,
		undeleteProcessApi: null,
		protectApi: null,
		protectProcessApi: null,
		stabilizeApi: null,
		stabilizeProcessApi: null
	};

	const emptyFunction = function() { };

	/**
	 * Loads the text for the page.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} onSuccess - Callback function which is called when the load has succeeded.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function which is called when the load fails.
	 */
	this.load = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onLoadSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onLoadFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		// Need to be able to do something after the page loads
		if (!onSuccess) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: no onSuccess callback provided to load()!');
			ctx.onLoadFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		ctx.loadQuery = {
			action: 'query',
			prop: 'info|revisions',
			inprop: 'watched',
			intestactions: 'edit', // can be expanded
			curtimestamp: '',
			meta: 'tokens',
			type: 'csrf',
			titles: ctx.pageName,
			format: 'json'
			// don't need rvlimit=1 because we don't need rvstartid here and only one actual rev is returned by default
		};

		if (ctx.editMode === 'all') {
			ctx.loadQuery.rvprop = 'content|timestamp'; // get the page content at the same time, if needed
		} else if (ctx.editMode === 'revert') {
			ctx.loadQuery.rvprop = 'timestamp';
			ctx.loadQuery.rvlimit = 1;
			ctx.loadQuery.rvstartid = ctx.revertOldID;
		}

		if (ctx.followRedirect) {
			ctx.loadQuery.redirects = ''; // follow all redirects
		}
		if (typeof ctx.pageSection === 'number') {
			ctx.loadQuery.rvsection = ctx.pageSection;
		}
		if (Morebits.userIsSysop) {
			ctx.loadQuery.inprop += '|protection';
		}

		ctx.loadApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('Retrieving page...', ctx.loadQuery, fnLoadSuccess, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onLoadFailure);
		ctx.loadApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.loadApi.post();
	};

	/**
	 * Saves the text for the page to Wikipedia.
	 * Must be preceded by successfully calling `load()`.
	 *
	 * Warning: Calling `save()` can result in additional calls to the
	 * previous `load()` callbacks to recover from edit conflicts! In this
	 * case, callers must make the same edit to the new pageText and
	 * re-invoke `save()`.  This behavior can be disabled with
	 * `setMaxConflictRetries(0)`.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - Callback function which is called when the save has succeeded.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function which is called when the save fails.
	 */
	this.save = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onSaveSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onSaveFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		// are we getting our editing token from mw.user.tokens?
		const canUseMwUserToken = fnCanUseMwUserToken('edit');

		if (!ctx.pageLoaded &amp;&amp; !canUseMwUserToken) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: attempt to save a page that has not been loaded!');
			ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
			return;
		}
		if (!ctx.editSummary) {
			// new section mode allows (nay, encourages) using the
			// title as the edit summary, but the query needs
			// editSummary to be undefined or '', not null
			if (ctx.editMode === 'new' &amp;&amp; ctx.newSectionTitle) {
				ctx.editSummary = '';
			} else {
				ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: edit summary not set before save!');
				ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
				return;
			}
		}

		// shouldn't happen if canUseMwUserToken === true
		if (ctx.fullyProtected &amp;&amp; !ctx.suppressProtectWarning &amp;&amp;
			!confirm(
				ctx.fullyProtected === 'infinity' ?
					'You are about to make an edit to the fully protected page &quot;' + ctx.pageName + '&quot; (protected indefinitely).  \n\nClick OK to proceed with the edit, or Cancel to skip this edit.' :
					'You are about to make an edit to the fully protected page &quot;' + ctx.pageName +
					'&quot; (protection expiring ' + new Morebits.Date(ctx.fullyProtected).calendar('utc') + ' (UTC)).  \n\nClick OK to proceed with the edit, or Cancel to skip this edit.'
			)
		) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Edit to fully protected page was aborted.');
			ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		ctx.retries = 0;

		const query = {
			action: 'edit',
			title: ctx.pageName,
			summary: ctx.editSummary,
			token: canUseMwUserToken ? mw.user.tokens.get('csrfToken') : ctx.csrfToken,
			watchlist: ctx.watchlistOption,
			format: 'json'
		};
		if (ctx.changeTags) {
			query.tags = ctx.changeTags;
		}

		if (fnApplyWatchlistExpiry()) {
			query.watchlistexpiry = ctx.watchlistExpiry;
		}

		if (typeof ctx.pageSection === 'number') {
			query.section = ctx.pageSection;
		}

		// Set minor edit attribute. If these parameters are present with any value, it is interpreted as true
		if (ctx.minorEdit) {
			query.minor = true;
		} else {
			query.notminor = true; // force Twinkle config to override user preference setting for &quot;all edits are minor&quot;
		}

		// Set bot edit attribute. If this parameter is present with any value, it is interpreted as true
		if (ctx.botEdit) {
			query.bot = true;
		}

		if (ctx.discussionToolsAutoSubscribe !== null) {
			query.discussiontoolsautosubscribe = ctx.discussionToolsAutoSubscribe ? 'yes' : 'no';
		}

		switch (ctx.editMode) {
			case 'append':
				if (ctx.appendText === null) {
					ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: append text not set before save!');
					ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
					return;
				}
				query.appendtext = ctx.appendText; // use mode to append to current page contents
				break;
			case 'prepend':
				if (ctx.prependText === null) {
					ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: prepend text not set before save!');
					ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
					return;
				}
				query.prependtext = ctx.prependText; // use mode to prepend to current page contents
				break;
			case 'new':
				if (!ctx.newSectionText) { // API doesn't allow empty new section text
					ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: new section text not set before save!');
					ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
					return;
				}
				query.section = 'new';
				query.text = ctx.newSectionText; // add a new section to current page
				query.sectiontitle = ctx.newSectionTitle || ctx.editSummary; // done by the API, but non-'' values would get treated as text
				break;
			case 'revert':
				query.undo = ctx.revertCurID;
				query.undoafter = ctx.revertOldID;
				if (ctx.lastEditTime) {
					query.basetimestamp = ctx.lastEditTime; // check that page hasn't been edited since it was loaded
				}
				query.starttimestamp = ctx.loadTime; // check that page hasn't been deleted since it was loaded (don't recreate bad stuff)
				break;
			default: // 'all'
				query.text = ctx.pageText; // replace entire contents of the page
				if (ctx.lastEditTime) {
					query.basetimestamp = ctx.lastEditTime; // check that page hasn't been edited since it was loaded
				}
				query.starttimestamp = ctx.loadTime; // check that page hasn't been deleted since it was loaded (don't recreate bad stuff)
				break;
		}

		if (['recreate', 'createonly', 'nocreate'].includes(ctx.createOption)) {
			query[ctx.createOption] = '';
		}

		if (canUseMwUserToken &amp;&amp; ctx.followRedirect) {
			query.redirect = true;
		}

		ctx.saveApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('Saving page...', query, fnSaveSuccess, ctx.statusElement, fnSaveError);
		ctx.saveApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.saveApi.post();
	};

	/**
	 * Adds the text provided via `setAppendText()` to the end of the
	 * page.  Does not require calling `load()` first, unless a watchlist
	 * expiry is used.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - Callback function which is called when the method has succeeded.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function which is called when the method fails.
	 */
	this.append = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.editMode = 'append';

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('edit')) {
			this.save(onSuccess, onFailure);
		} else {
			ctx.onSaveSuccess = onSuccess;
			ctx.onSaveFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;
			this.load(fnAutoSave, ctx.onSaveFailure);
		}
	};

	/**
	 * Adds the text provided via `setPrependText()` to the start of the
	 * page.  Does not require calling `load()` first, unless a watchlist
	 * expiry is used.
	 *
	 * @param {Function}  [onSuccess] - Callback function which is called when the method has succeeded.
	 * @param {Function}  [onFailure] - Callback function which is called when the method fails.
	 */
	this.prepend = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.editMode = 'prepend';

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('edit')) {
			this.save(onSuccess, onFailure);
		} else {
			ctx.onSaveSuccess = onSuccess;
			ctx.onSaveFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;
			this.load(fnAutoSave, ctx.onSaveFailure);
		}
	};

	/**
	 * Creates a new section with the text provided by `setNewSectionText()`
	 * and section title from `setNewSectionTitle()`.
	 * If `editSummary` is provided, that will be used instead of the
	 * autogenerated &quot;-&gt;Title (new section&quot; edit summary.
	 * Does not require calling `load()` first, unless a watchlist expiry
	 * is used.
	 *
	 * @param {Function}  [onSuccess] - Callback function which is called when the method has succeeded.
	 * @param {Function}  [onFailure] - Callback function which is called when the method fails.
	 */
	this.newSection = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.editMode = 'new';

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('edit')) {
			this.save(onSuccess, onFailure);
		} else {
			ctx.onSaveSuccess = onSuccess;
			ctx.onSaveFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;
			this.load(fnAutoSave, ctx.onSaveFailure);
		}
	};

	/** @return {string} The name of the loaded page, including the namespace */
	this.getPageName = function() {
		return ctx.pageName;
	};

	/** @return {string} The text of the page after a successful load() */
	this.getPageText = function() {
		return ctx.pageText;
	};

	/** @param {string} pageText - Updated page text that will be saved when `save()` is called */
	this.setPageText = function(pageText) {
		ctx.editMode = 'all';
		ctx.pageText = pageText;
	};

	/** @param {string} appendText - Text that will be appended to the page when `append()` is called */
	this.setAppendText = function(appendText) {
		ctx.editMode = 'append';
		ctx.appendText = appendText;
	};

	/** @param {string} prependText - Text that will be prepended to the page when `prepend()` is called */
	this.setPrependText = function(prependText) {
		ctx.editMode = 'prepend';
		ctx.prependText = prependText;
	};

	/** @param {string} newSectionText - Text that will be added in a new section on the page when `newSection()` is called */
	this.setNewSectionText = function(newSectionText) {
		ctx.editMode = 'new';
		ctx.newSectionText = newSectionText;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {string} newSectionTitle - Title for the new section created when `newSection()` is called
	 * If missing, `ctx.editSummary` will be used. Issues may occur if a substituted template is used.
	 */
	this.setNewSectionTitle = function(newSectionTitle) {
		ctx.editMode = 'new';
		ctx.newSectionTitle = newSectionTitle;
	};

	// Edit-related setter methods:
	/**
	 * Set the edit summary that will be used when `save()` is called.
	 * Unnecessary if editMode is 'new' and newSectionTitle is provided.
	 *
	 * @param {string} summary
	 */
	this.setEditSummary = function(summary) {
		ctx.editSummary = summary;
	};

	/**
	 * Set any custom tag(s) to be applied to the API action.
	 * A number of actions don't support it, most notably watch, review,
	 * and stabilize ({@link https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T247721|T247721}).
	 *
	 * @param {string|string[]} tags - String or array of tag(s).
	 */
	this.setChangeTags = function(tags) {
		ctx.changeTags = tags;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {string} [createOption=null] - Can take the following four values:
	 * - recreate: create the page if it does not exist, or edit it if it exists.
	 * - createonly: create the page if it does not exist, but return an
	 * error if it already exists.
	 * - nocreate: don't create the page, only edit it if it already exists.
	 * - `null`: create the page if it does not exist, unless it was deleted
	 * in the moment between loading the page and saving the edit (default).
	 */
	this.setCreateOption = function(createOption) {
		ctx.createOption = createOption;
	};

	/** @param {boolean} minorEdit - Set true to mark the edit as a minor edit. */
	this.setMinorEdit = function(minorEdit) {
		ctx.minorEdit = minorEdit;
	};

	/** @param {boolean} botEdit - Set true to mark the edit as a bot edit */
	this.setBotEdit = function(botEdit) {
		ctx.botEdit = botEdit;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {number} pageSection - Integer specifying the section number to load or save.
	 * If specified as `null`, the entire page will be retrieved.
	 */
	this.setPageSection = function(pageSection) {
		ctx.pageSection = pageSection;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {number} maxConflictRetries - Number of retries for save errors involving an edit conflict or
	 * loss of token. Default: 2.
	 */
	this.setMaxConflictRetries = function(maxConflictRetries) {
		ctx.maxConflictRetries = maxConflictRetries;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {number} maxRetries - Number of retries for save errors not involving an edit conflict or
	 * loss of token. Default: 2.
	 */
	this.setMaxRetries = function(maxRetries) {
		ctx.maxRetries = maxRetries;
	};

	/**
	 * Set whether and how to watch the page, including setting an expiry.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean|string|Morebits.Date|Date} [watchlistOption=false] -
	 * Basically a mix of MW API and Twinkley options available pre-expiry:
	 * - `true`|`'yes'`|`'watch'`: page will be added to the user's
	 * watchlist when the action is called. Defaults to an indefinite
	 * watch unless `watchlistExpiry` is provided.
	 * - `false`|`'no'`|`'nochange'`: watchlist status of the page (including expiry) will not be changed.
	 * - `'default'`|`'preferences'`: watchlist status of the page will be
	 * set based on the user's preference settings when the action is
	 * called. Defaults to an indefinite watch unless `watchlistExpiry` is
	 * provided.
	 * - `'unwatch'`: explicitly unwatch the page.
	 * - Any other `string` or `number`, or a `Morebits.Date` or `Date`
	 * object: watch page until the specified time, deferring to
	 * `watchlistExpiry` if provided.
	 * @param {string|number|Morebits.Date|Date} [watchlistExpiry=infinity] -
	 * A date-like string or number, or a date object.  If a string or number,
	 * can be relative (2 weeks) or other similarly date-like (i.e. NOT &quot;potato&quot;):
	 * ISO 8601: 2038-01-09T03:14:07Z
	 * MediaWiki: 20380109031407
	 * UNIX: 2147483647
	 * SQL: 2038-01-09 03:14:07
	 * Can also be `infinity` or infinity-like (`infinite`, `indefinite`, and `never`).
	 * See {@link https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-libs-Timestamp/browse/master/src/ConvertibleTimestamp.php;4e53b859a9580c55958078f46dd4f3a44d0fcaa0$57-109?as=source&amp;blame=off}
	 */
	this.setWatchlist = function(watchlistOption, watchlistExpiry) {
		if (watchlistOption instanceof Morebits.Date || watchlistOption instanceof Date) {
			watchlistOption = watchlistOption.toISOString();
		}
		if (typeof watchlistExpiry === 'undefined') {
			watchlistExpiry = 'infinity';
		} else if (watchlistExpiry instanceof Morebits.Date || watchlistExpiry instanceof Date) {
			watchlistExpiry = watchlistExpiry.toISOString();
		}

		switch (watchlistOption) {
			case 'nochange':
			case 'no':
			case false:
			case undefined:
				ctx.watchlistOption = 'nochange';
				// The MW API allows for changing expiry with nochange (as &quot;nochange&quot; refers to the binary status),
				// but by keeping this null it will default to any existing expiry, ensure there is actually &quot;no change.&quot;
				ctx.watchlistExpiry = null;
				break;
			case 'unwatch':
				// expiry unimportant
				ctx.watchlistOption = 'unwatch';
				break;
			case 'preferences':
			case 'default':
				ctx.watchlistOption = 'preferences';
				// The API allows an expiry here, but there is as of yet (T265716)
				// no expiry preference option, so it's a bit devoid of context.
				ctx.watchlistExpiry = watchlistExpiry;
				break;
			case 'watch':
			case 'yes':
			case true:
				ctx.watchlistOption = 'watch';
				ctx.watchlistExpiry = watchlistExpiry;
				break;
			default: // Not really a &quot;default&quot; per se but catches &quot;any other string&quot;
				ctx.watchlistOption = 'watch';
				ctx.watchlistExpiry = watchlistOption;
				break;
		}
	};

	/**
	 * Set a watchlist expiry. setWatchlist can mostly handle this by
	 * itself, so this is here largely for completeness and compatibility
	 * with the full suite of options.
	 *
	 * @param {string|number|Morebits.Date|Date} [watchlistExpiry=infinity] -
	 * A date-like string or number, or a date object.  If a string or number,
	 * can be relative (2 weeks) or other similarly date-like (i.e. NOT &quot;potato&quot;):
	 * ISO 8601: 2038-01-09T03:14:07Z
	 * MediaWiki: 20380109031407
	 * UNIX: 2147483647
	 * SQL: 2038-01-09 03:14:07
	 * Can also be `infinity` or infinity-like (`infinite`, `indefinite`, and `never`).
	 * See {@link https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-libs-Timestamp/browse/master/src/ConvertibleTimestamp.php;4e53b859a9580c55958078f46dd4f3a44d0fcaa0$57-109?as=source&amp;blame=off}
	 */
	this.setWatchlistExpiry = function(watchlistExpiry) {
		if (typeof watchlistExpiry === 'undefined') {
			watchlistExpiry = 'infinity';
		} else if (watchlistExpiry instanceof Morebits.Date || watchlistExpiry instanceof Date) {
			watchlistExpiry = watchlistExpiry.toISOString();
		}
		ctx.watchlistExpiry = watchlistExpiry;
	};

	/**
	 * If editing a talk page, set whether to subscribe to any talk
	 * page thread created by the edit.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} subscribe
	 */
	this.setDiscussionToolsAutoSubscribe = function(subscribe) {
		ctx.discussionToolsAutoSubscribe = subscribe;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {boolean} [followRedirect=false] -
	 * - `true`: a maximum of one redirect will be followed. In the event
	 * of a redirect, a message is displayed to the user and the redirect
	 * target can be retrieved with getPageName().
	 * - `false`: (default) the requested pageName will be used without regard to any redirect.
	 * @param {boolean} [followCrossNsRedirect=true] - Not applicable if `followRedirect` is not set true.
	 * - `true`: (default) follow redirect even if it is a cross-namespace redirect
	 * - `false`: don't follow redirect if it is cross-namespace, edit the redirect itself.
	 */
	this.setFollowRedirect = function(followRedirect, followCrossNsRedirect) {
		if (ctx.pageLoaded) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: cannot change redirect setting after the page has been loaded!');
			return;
		}
		ctx.followRedirect = followRedirect;
		ctx.followCrossNsRedirect = typeof followCrossNsRedirect !== 'undefined' ? followCrossNsRedirect : ctx.followCrossNsRedirect;
	};

	// lookup-creation setter function
	/**
	 * @param {boolean} flag - If set true, the author and timestamp of
	 * the first non-redirect version of the page is retrieved.
	 *
	 * Warning:
	 * 1. If there are no revisions among the first 50 that are
	 * non-redirects, or if there are less 50 revisions and all are
	 * redirects, the original creation is retrieved.
	 * 2. Revisions that the user is not privileged to access
	 * (revdeled/suppressed) will be treated as non-redirects.
	 * 3. Must not be used when the page has a non-wikitext contentmodel
	 * such as Modulespace Lua or user JavaScript/CSS.
	 */
	this.setLookupNonRedirectCreator = function(flag) {
		ctx.lookupNonRedirectCreator = flag;
	};

	// Move-related setter functions
	/** @param {string} destination */
	this.setMoveDestination = function(destination) {
		ctx.moveDestination = destination;
	};

	/** @param {boolean} flag */
	this.setMoveTalkPage = function(flag) {
		ctx.moveTalkPage = !!flag;
	};

	/** @param {boolean} flag */
	this.setMoveSubpages = function(flag) {
		ctx.moveSubpages = !!flag;
	};

	/** @param {boolean} flag */
	this.setMoveSuppressRedirect = function(flag) {
		ctx.moveSuppressRedirect = !!flag;
	};

	// Protect-related setter functions
	/**
	 * @param {string} level - The right required for the specific action
	 * e.g. autoconfirmed, sysop, templateeditor, extendedconfirmed
	 * (enWiki-only).
	 * @param {string} [expiry=infinity]
	 */
	this.setEditProtection = function(level, expiry) {
		ctx.protectEdit = { level: level, expiry: expiry || 'infinity' };
	};

	this.setMoveProtection = function(level, expiry) {
		ctx.protectMove = { level: level, expiry: expiry || 'infinity' };
	};

	this.setCreateProtection = function(level, expiry) {
		ctx.protectCreate = { level: level, expiry: expiry || 'infinity' };
	};

	this.setCascadingProtection = function(flag) {
		ctx.protectCascade = !!flag;
	};

	this.suppressProtectWarning = function() {
		ctx.suppressProtectWarning = true;
	};

	// Delete-related setter
	/** @param {boolean} flag */
	this.setDeleteTalkPage = function (flag) {
		ctx.deleteTalkPage = !!flag;
	};

	// Undelete-related setter
	/** @param {boolean} flag */
	this.setUndeleteTalkPage = function (flag) {
		ctx.undeleteTalkPage = !!flag;
	};

	// Revert-related getters/setters:
	this.setOldID = function(oldID) {
		ctx.revertOldID = oldID;
	};

	/** @return {string} The current revision ID of the page */
	this.getCurrentID = function() {
		return ctx.revertCurID;
	};

	/** @return {string} Last editor of the page */
	this.getRevisionUser = function() {
		return ctx.revertUser;
	};

	/** @return {string} ISO 8601 timestamp at which the page was last edited. */
	this.getLastEditTime = function() {
		return ctx.lastEditTime;
	};

	// Miscellaneous getters/setters:

	/**
	 * Define an object for use in a callback function.
	 *
	 * `callbackParameters` is for use by the caller only. The parameters
	 * allow a caller to pass the proper context into its callback
	 * function.  Callers must ensure that any changes to the
	 * callbackParameters object within a `load()` callback still permit a
	 * proper re-entry into the `load()` callback if an edit conflict is
	 * detected upon calling `save()`.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} callbackParameters
	 */
	this.setCallbackParameters = function(callbackParameters) {
		ctx.callbackParameters = callbackParameters;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {Object} - The object previously set by `setCallbackParameters()`.
	 */
	this.getCallbackParameters = function() {
		return ctx.callbackParameters;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {Morebits.Status} statusElement
	 */
	this.setStatusElement = function(statusElement) {
		ctx.statusElement = statusElement;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {Morebits.Status} Status element created by the constructor.
	 */
	this.getStatusElement = function() {
		return ctx.statusElement;
	};

	/**
	 * @param {string} level - The right required for edits not to require
	 * review. Possible options: none, autoconfirmed, review (not on enWiki).
	 * @param {string} [expiry=infinity]
	 */
	this.setFlaggedRevs = function(level, expiry) {
		ctx.flaggedRevs = { level: level, expiry: expiry || 'infinity' };
	};

	/**
	 * @return {boolean} True if the page existed on the wiki when it was last loaded.
	 */
	this.exists = function() {
		return ctx.pageExists;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {string} Page ID of the page loaded. 0 if the page doesn't
	 * exist.
	 */
	this.getPageID = function() {
		return ctx.pageID;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {string} - Content model of the page.  Possible values
	 * include (but may not be limited to): `wikitext`, `javascript`,
	 * `css`, `json`, `Scribunto`, `sanitized-css`, `MassMessageListContent`.
	 * Also gettable via `mw.config.get('wgPageContentModel')`.
	 */
	this.getContentModel = function() {
		return ctx.contentModel;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {boolean|string} - Watched status of the page. Boolean
	 * unless it's being watched temporarily, in which case returns the
	 * expiry string.
	 */
	this.getWatched = function () {
		return ctx.watched;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {string} ISO 8601 timestamp at which the page was last loaded.
	 */
	this.getLoadTime = function() {
		return ctx.loadTime;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {string} The user who created the page following `lookupCreation()`.
	 */
	this.getCreator = function() {
		return ctx.creator;
	};

	/**
	 * @return {string} The ISOString timestamp of page creation following `lookupCreation()`.
	 */
	this.getCreationTimestamp = function() {
		return ctx.timestamp;
	};

	/** @return {boolean} whether or not you can edit the page */
	this.canEdit = function() {
		return !!ctx.testActions &amp;&amp; ctx.testActions.includes('edit');
	};

	/**
	 * Retrieves the username of the user who created the page as well as
	 * the timestamp of creation.  The username can be retrieved using the
	 * `getCreator()` function; the timestamp can be retrieved using the
	 * `getCreationTimestamp()` function.
	 * Prior to June 2019 known as `lookupCreator()`.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} onSuccess - Callback function to be called when
	 * the username and timestamp are found within the callback.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function to be called when
	 * the lookup fails
	 */
	this.lookupCreation = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onLookupCreationSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onLookupCreationFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;
		if (!onSuccess) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: no onSuccess callback provided to lookupCreation()!');
			ctx.onLookupCreationFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		const query = {
			action: 'query',
			prop: 'revisions',
			titles: ctx.pageName,
			rvlimit: 1,
			rvprop: 'user|timestamp',
			rvdir: 'newer',
			format: 'json'
		};

		// Only the wikitext content model can reliably handle
		// rvsection, others return an error when paired with the
		// content rvprop. Relatedly, non-wikitext models don't
		// understand the #REDIRECT concept, so we shouldn't attempt
		// the redirect resolution in fnLookupCreationSuccess
		if (ctx.lookupNonRedirectCreator) {
			query.rvsection = 0;
			query.rvprop += '|content';
		}

		if (ctx.followRedirect) {
			query.redirects = ''; // follow all redirects
		}

		ctx.lookupCreationApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('Retrieving page creation information', query, fnLookupCreationSuccess, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onLookupCreationFailure);
		ctx.lookupCreationApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.lookupCreationApi.post();
	};

	/**
	 * Reverts a page to `revertOldID` set by `setOldID`.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - Callback function to run on success.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function to run on failure.
	 */
	this.revert = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onSaveSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onSaveFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		if (!ctx.revertOldID) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: revision ID to revert to was not set before revert!');
			ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		ctx.editMode = 'revert';
		this.load(fnAutoSave, ctx.onSaveFailure);
	};

	/**
	 * Moves a page to another title.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - Callback function to run on success.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function to run on failure.
	 */
	this.move = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onMoveSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onMoveFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		if (!fnPreflightChecks.call(this, 'move', ctx.onMoveFailure)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		if (!ctx.moveDestination) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: destination page name was not set before move!');
			ctx.onMoveFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('move')) {
			fnProcessMove.call(this, this);
		} else {
			const query = fnNeedTokenInfoQuery('move');

			ctx.moveApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('retrieving token...', query, fnProcessMove, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onMoveFailure);
			ctx.moveApi.setParent(this);
			ctx.moveApi.post();
		}
	};

	/**
	 * Marks the page as patrolled, using `rcid` (if available) or `revid`.
	 *
	 * Patrolling as such doesn't need to rely on loading the page in
	 * question; simply passing a revid to the API is sufficient, so in
	 * those cases just using {@link Morebits.wiki.Api} is probably preferable.
	 *
	 * No error handling since we don't actually care about the errors.
	 */
	this.patrol = function() {
		if (!Morebits.userIsSysop &amp;&amp; !Morebits.userIsInGroup('patroller')) {
			return;
		}

		// If a link is present, don't need to check if it's patrolled
		if ($('.patrollink').length) {
			const patrolhref = $('.patrollink a').attr('href');
			ctx.rcid = mw.util.getParamValue('rcid', patrolhref);
			fnProcessPatrol(this, this);
		} else {
			const patrolQuery = {
				action: 'query',
				prop: 'info',
				meta: 'tokens',
				type: 'patrol', // as long as we're querying, might as well get a token
				list: 'recentchanges', // check if the page is unpatrolled
				titles: ctx.pageName,
				rcprop: 'patrolled',
				rctitle: ctx.pageName,
				rclimit: 1,
				format: 'json'
			};

			ctx.patrolApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('retrieving token...', patrolQuery, fnProcessPatrol);
			ctx.patrolApi.setParent(this);
			ctx.patrolApi.post();
		}
	};

	/**
	 * Marks the page as reviewed by the PageTriage extension.
	 *
	 * Will, by it's nature, mark as patrolled as well. Falls back to
	 * patrolling if not in an appropriate namespace.
	 *
	 * Doesn't inherently rely on loading the page in question; simply
	 * passing a `pageid` to the API is sufficient, so in those cases just
	 * using {@link Morebits.wiki.Api} is probably preferable.
	 *
	 * Will first check if the page is queued via
	 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Page~fnProcessTriageList|fnProcessTriageList}.
	 *
	 * No error handling since we don't actually care about the errors.
	 *
	 * @see {@link https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:PageTriage} Referred to as &quot;review&quot; on-wiki.
	 */
	this.triage = function() {
		// Fall back to patrol if not a valid triage namespace
		if (!mw.config.get('pageTriageNamespaces').includes(new mw.Title(ctx.pageName).getNamespaceId())) {
			this.patrol();
		} else {
			if (!Morebits.userIsSysop &amp;&amp; !Morebits.userIsInGroup('patroller')) {
				return;
			}

			// If on the page in question, don't need to query for page ID
			if (new mw.Title(Morebits.pageNameNorm).getPrefixedText() === new mw.Title(ctx.pageName).getPrefixedText()) {
				ctx.pageID = mw.config.get('wgArticleId');
				fnProcessTriageList(this, this);
			} else {
				const query = fnNeedTokenInfoQuery('triage');

				ctx.triageApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('retrieving token...', query, fnProcessTriageList);
				ctx.triageApi.setParent(this);
				ctx.triageApi.post();
			}
		}
	};

	// |delete| is a reserved word in some flavours of JS
	/**
	 * Deletes a page (for admins only).
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - Callback function to run on success.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function to run on failure.
	 */
	this.deletePage = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onDeleteSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onDeleteFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		if (!fnPreflightChecks.call(this, 'delete', ctx.onDeleteFailure)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('delete')) {
			fnProcessDelete.call(this, this);
		} else {
			const query = fnNeedTokenInfoQuery('delete');

			ctx.deleteApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('retrieving token...', query, fnProcessDelete, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onDeleteFailure);
			ctx.deleteApi.setParent(this);
			ctx.deleteApi.post();
		}
	};

	/**
	 * Undeletes a page (for admins only).
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - Callback function to run on success.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function to run on failure.
	 */
	this.undeletePage = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onUndeleteSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onUndeleteFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		if (!fnPreflightChecks.call(this, 'undelete', ctx.onUndeleteFailure)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('undelete')) {
			fnProcessUndelete.call(this, this);
		} else {
			const query = fnNeedTokenInfoQuery('undelete');

			ctx.undeleteApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('retrieving token...', query, fnProcessUndelete, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onUndeleteFailure);
			ctx.undeleteApi.setParent(this);
			ctx.undeleteApi.post();
		}
	};

	/**
	 * Protects a page (for admins only).
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess] - Callback function to run on success.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - Callback function to run on failure.
	 */
	this.protect = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onProtectSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onProtectFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		if (!fnPreflightChecks.call(this, 'protect', ctx.onProtectFailure)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		if (!ctx.protectEdit &amp;&amp; !ctx.protectMove &amp;&amp; !ctx.protectCreate) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: you must set edit and/or move and/or create protection before calling protect()!');
			ctx.onProtectFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		// because of the way MW API interprets protection levels
		// (absolute, not differential), we always need to request
		// protection levels from the server
		const query = fnNeedTokenInfoQuery('protect');

		ctx.protectApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('retrieving token...', query, fnProcessProtect, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onProtectFailure);
		ctx.protectApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.protectApi.post();
	};

	/**
	 * Apply FlaggedRevs protection settings.  Only works on wikis where
	 * the extension is installed (`$wgFlaggedRevsProtection = true`
	 * i.e. where FlaggedRevs settings appear on the &quot;protect&quot; tab).
	 *
	 * @see {@link https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:FlaggedRevs}
	 * Referred to as &quot;pending changes&quot; on-wiki.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} [onSuccess]
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure]
	 */
	this.stabilize = function(onSuccess, onFailure) {
		ctx.onStabilizeSuccess = onSuccess;
		ctx.onStabilizeFailure = onFailure || emptyFunction;

		if (!fnPreflightChecks.call(this, 'FlaggedRevs', ctx.onStabilizeFailure)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		if (!ctx.flaggedRevs) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: you must set flaggedRevs before calling stabilize()!');
			ctx.onStabilizeFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('stabilize')) {
			fnProcessStabilize.call(this, this);
		} else {
			const query = fnNeedTokenInfoQuery('stabilize');

			ctx.stabilizeApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('retrieving token...', query, fnProcessStabilize, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onStabilizeFailure);
			ctx.stabilizeApi.setParent(this);
			ctx.stabilizeApi.post();
		}
	};

	/*
	 * Private member functions
	 * These are not exposed outside
	 */

	/**
	 * Determines whether we can save an API call by using the csrf token
	 * sent with the page HTML, or whether we need to ask the server for
	 * more info (e.g. protection or watchlist expiry).
	 *
	 * Currently used for `append`, `prepend`, `newSection`, `move`,
	 * `stabilize`, `deletePage`, and `undeletePage`. Not used for
	 * `protect` since it always needs to request protection status.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [action=edit] - The action being undertaken, e.g.
	 * &quot;edit&quot; or &quot;delete&quot;. In practice, only &quot;edit&quot; or &quot;notedit&quot; matters.
	 * @return {boolean}
	 */
	var fnCanUseMwUserToken = function(action = 'edit') {
		// If a watchlist expiry is set, we must always load the page
		// to avoid overwriting indefinite protection.  Of course, not
		// needed if setting indefinite watching!
		if (ctx.watchlistExpiry &amp;&amp; !Morebits.string.isInfinity(ctx.watchlistExpiry)) {
			return false;
		}

		// API-based redirect resolution only works for action=query and
		// action=edit in append/prepend/new modes
		if (ctx.followRedirect) {
			if (!ctx.followCrossNsRedirect) {
				return false; // must load the page to check for cross namespace redirects
			}
			if (action !== 'edit' || (ctx.editMode === 'all' || ctx.editMode === 'revert')) {
				return false;
			}
		}

		// do we need to fetch the edit protection expiry?
		if (Morebits.userIsSysop &amp;&amp; !ctx.suppressProtectWarning) {
			if (new mw.Title(Morebits.pageNameNorm).getPrefixedText() !== new mw.Title(ctx.pageName).getPrefixedText()) {
				return false;
			}

			// wgRestrictionEdit is null on non-existent pages,
			// so this neatly handles nonexistent pages
			const editRestriction = mw.config.get('wgRestrictionEdit');
			if (!editRestriction || editRestriction.includes('sysop')) {
				return false;
			}
		}

		return !!mw.user.tokens.get('csrfToken');
	};

	/**
	 * When functions can't use
	 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Page~fnCanUseMwUserToken|fnCanUseMwUserToken}
	 * or require checking protection or watched status, maintain the query
	 * in one place. Used for {@link Morebits.wiki.Page#deletePage|delete},
	 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Page#undeletePage|undelete},
	 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Page#protect|protect},
	 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Page#stabilize|stabilize},
	 * and {@link Morebits.wiki.Page#move|move}
	 * (basically, just not {@link Morebits.wiki.Page#load|load}).
	 *
	 * @param {string} action - The action being undertaken, e.g. &quot;edit&quot; or
	 * &quot;delete&quot;.
	 * @return {Object} Appropriate query.
	 */
	var fnNeedTokenInfoQuery = function(action) {
		const query = {
			action: 'query',
			meta: 'tokens',
			type: 'csrf',
			titles: ctx.pageName,
			prop: 'info',
			inprop: 'watched',
			format: 'json'
		};
		// Protection not checked for flagged-revs or non-sysop moves
		if (action !== 'stabilize' &amp;&amp; (action !== 'move' || Morebits.userIsSysop)) {
			query.inprop += '|protection';
		}
		if (ctx.followRedirect &amp;&amp; action !== 'undelete') {
			query.redirects = ''; // follow all redirects
		}
		return query;
	};

	// callback from loadSuccess() for append(), prepend(), and newSection() threads
	var fnAutoSave = function(pageobj) {
		pageobj.save(ctx.onSaveSuccess, ctx.onSaveFailure);
	};

	// callback from loadApi.post()
	var fnLoadSuccess = function() {
		const response = ctx.loadApi.getResponse().query;

		if (!fnCheckPageName(response, ctx.onLoadFailure)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		const page = response.pages[0];
		let rev;
		ctx.pageExists = !page.missing;
		if (ctx.pageExists) {
			rev = page.revisions[0];
			ctx.lastEditTime = rev.timestamp;
			ctx.pageText = rev.content;
			ctx.pageID = page.pageid;
		} else {
			ctx.pageText = ''; // allow for concatenation, etc.
			ctx.pageID = 0; // nonexistent in response, matches wgArticleId
		}
		ctx.csrfToken = response.tokens.csrftoken;
		if (!ctx.csrfToken) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to retrieve edit token.');
			ctx.onLoadFailure(this);
			return;
		}
		ctx.loadTime = ctx.loadApi.getResponse().curtimestamp;
		if (!ctx.loadTime) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to retrieve current timestamp.');
			ctx.onLoadFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		ctx.contentModel = page.contentmodel;
		ctx.watched = page.watchlistexpiry || page.watched;

		// extract protection info, to alert admins when they are about to edit a protected page
		// Includes cascading protection
		if (Morebits.userIsSysop) {
			const editProt = page.protection.filter((pr) =&gt; pr.type === 'edit' &amp;&amp; pr.level === 'sysop').pop();
			if (editProt) {
				ctx.fullyProtected = editProt.expiry;
			} else {
				ctx.fullyProtected = false;
			}
		}

		ctx.revertCurID = page.lastrevid;

		const testactions = page.actions;
		ctx.testActions = []; // was null
		Object.keys(testactions).forEach((action) =&gt; {
			if (testactions[action]) {
				ctx.testActions.push(action);
			}
		});

		if (ctx.editMode === 'revert') {
			ctx.revertCurID = rev &amp;&amp; rev.revid;
			if (!ctx.revertCurID) {
				ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to retrieve current revision ID.');
				ctx.onLoadFailure(this);
				return;
			}
			ctx.revertUser = rev &amp;&amp; rev.user;
			if (!ctx.revertUser) {
				if (rev &amp;&amp; rev.userhidden) { // username was RevDel'd or oversighted
					ctx.revertUser = '&lt;username hidden&gt;';
				} else {
					ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to retrieve user who made the revision.');
					ctx.onLoadFailure(this);
					return;
				}
			}
			// set revert edit summary
			ctx.editSummary = '[[Help:Revert|Reverted]] to revision ' + ctx.revertOldID + ' by ' + ctx.revertUser + ': ' + ctx.editSummary;
		}

		ctx.pageLoaded = true;

		// alert(&quot;Generate edit conflict now&quot;);  // for testing edit conflict recovery logic
		ctx.onLoadSuccess(this); // invoke callback
	};

	// helper function to parse the page name returned from the API
	var fnCheckPageName = function(response, onFailure) {
		if (!onFailure) {
			onFailure = emptyFunction;
		}

		const page = response.pages &amp;&amp; response.pages[0];
		if (page) {
			// check for invalid titles
			if (page.invalid) {
				ctx.statusElement.error('The page title is invalid: ' + ctx.pageName);
				onFailure(this);
				return false; // abort
			}

			// retrieve actual title of the page after normalization and redirects
			const resolvedName = page.title;

			if (response.redirects) {
				// check for cross-namespace redirect:
				const origNs = new mw.Title(ctx.pageName).namespace;
				const newNs = new mw.Title(resolvedName).namespace;
				if (origNs !== newNs &amp;&amp; !ctx.followCrossNsRedirect) {
					ctx.statusElement.error(ctx.pageName + ' is a cross-namespace redirect to ' + resolvedName + ', aborted');
					onFailure(this);
					return false;
				}

				// only notify user for redirects, not normalization
				new Morebits.Status('Note', 'Redirected from ' + ctx.pageName + ' to ' + resolvedName);
			}

			ctx.pageName = resolvedName; // update to redirect target or normalized name

		} else {
			// could be a circular redirect or other problem
			ctx.statusElement.error('Could not resolve redirects for: ' + ctx.pageName);
			onFailure(this);

			// force error to stay on the screen
			++Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft;
			return false; // abort
		}
		return true; // all OK
	};

	/**
	 * Determine whether we should provide a watchlist expiry.  Will not
	 * do so if the page is currently permanently watched, or the current
	 * expiry is *after* the new, provided expiry.  Only handles strings
	 * recognized by {@link Morebits.Date} or relative timeframes with
	 * unit it can process.  Relies on the fact that fnCanUseMwUserToken
	 * requires page loading if a watchlistexpiry is provided, so we are
	 * ensured of knowing the watch status by the use of this.
	 *
	 * @return {boolean}
	 */
	var fnApplyWatchlistExpiry = function() {
		if (ctx.watchlistExpiry) {
			if (!ctx.watched || Morebits.string.isInfinity(ctx.watchlistExpiry)) {
				return true;
			} else if (typeof ctx.watched === 'string') {
				let newExpiry;
				// Attempt to determine if the new expiry is a
				// relative (e.g. `1 month`) or absolute datetime
				const rel = ctx.watchlistExpiry.split(' ');
				try {
					newExpiry = new Morebits.Date().add(rel[0], rel[1]);
				} catch (e) {
					newExpiry = new Morebits.Date(ctx.watchlistExpiry);
				}

				// If the date is valid, only use it if it extends the current expiry
				if (newExpiry.isValid()) {
					if (newExpiry.isAfter(new Morebits.Date(ctx.watched))) {
						return true;
					}
				} else {
					// If it's still not valid, hope it's a valid MW expiry format that
					// Morebits.Date doesn't recognize, so just default to using it.
					// This will also include minor typos.
					return true;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	};

	// callback from saveApi.post()
	var fnSaveSuccess = function() {
		ctx.editMode = 'all'; // cancel append/prepend/newSection/revert modes
		const response = ctx.saveApi.getResponse();

		// see if the API thinks we were successful
		if (response.edit.result === 'Success') {

			// real success
			// default on success action - display link for edited page
			const link = document.createElement('a');
			link.setAttribute('href', mw.util.getUrl(ctx.pageName));
			link.appendChild(document.createTextNode(ctx.pageName));
			ctx.statusElement.info(['completed (', link, ')']);
			if (ctx.onSaveSuccess) {
				ctx.onSaveSuccess(this); // invoke callback
			}
			return;
		}

		// errors here are only generated by extensions which hook APIEditBeforeSave within MediaWiki,
		// which as of 1.34.0-wmf.23 (Sept 2019) should only encompass captcha messages
		if (response.edit.captcha) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Could not save the page because the wiki server wanted you to fill out a CAPTCHA.');
		} else {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Unknown error received from API while saving page');
		}

		// force error to stay on the screen
		++Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft;

		ctx.onSaveFailure(this);
	};

	// callback from saveApi.post()
	var fnSaveError = function() {
		const errorCode = ctx.saveApi.getErrorCode();

		// check for edit conflict
		if (errorCode === 'editconflict' &amp;&amp; ctx.conflictRetries++ &lt; ctx.maxConflictRetries) {

			// edit conflicts can occur when the page needs to be purged from the server cache
			const purgeQuery = {
				action: 'purge',
				titles: ctx.pageName // redirects are already resolved
			};

			const purgeApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('Edit conflict detected, purging server cache', purgeQuery, (() =&gt; {
				--Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft; // allow for normal completion if retry succeeds

				ctx.statusElement.info('Edit conflict detected, reapplying edit');
				if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('edit')) {
					ctx.saveApi.post(); // necessarily append, prepend, or newSection, so this should work as desired
				} else {
					ctx.loadApi.post(); // reload the page and reapply the edit
				}
			}), ctx.statusElement);
			purgeApi.post();

		// check for network or server error
		} else if ((errorCode === null || errorCode === undefined) &amp;&amp; ctx.retries++ &lt; ctx.maxRetries) {

			// the error might be transient, so try again
			ctx.statusElement.info('Save failed, retrying in 2 seconds ...');
			--Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft; // allow for normal completion if retry succeeds

			// wait for sometime for client to regain connectivity
			sleep(2000).then(() =&gt; {
				ctx.saveApi.post(); // give it another go!
			});

		// hard error, give up
		} else {
			const response = ctx.saveApi.getResponse();
			const errorData = response.error || // bc error format
				response.errors[0].data; // html/wikitext/plaintext error format

			switch (errorCode) {

				case 'protectedpage':
					// non-admin attempting to edit a protected page - this gives a friendlier message than the default
					ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to save edit: Page is protected');
					break;

				case 'abusefilter-disallowed':
					ctx.statusElement.error('The edit was disallowed by the edit filter: &quot;' + errorData.abusefilter.description + '&quot;.');
					break;

				case 'abusefilter-warning':
					ctx.statusElement.error([ 'A warning was returned by the edit filter: &quot;', errorData.abusefilter.description, '&quot;. If you wish to proceed with the edit, please carry it out again. This warning will not appear a second time.' ]);
					// We should provide the user with a way to automatically retry the action if they so choose -
					// I can't see how to do this without creating a UI dependency on Morebits.wiki.Page though -- TTO
					break;

				case 'spamblacklist':
					// If multiple items are blacklisted, we only return the first
					var spam = errorData.spamblacklist.matches[0];
					ctx.statusElement.error('Could not save the page because the URL ' + spam + ' is on the spam blacklist');
					break;

				default:
					ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to save edit: ' + ctx.saveApi.getErrorText());
			}

			ctx.editMode = 'all'; // cancel append/prepend/newSection/revert modes
			if (ctx.onSaveFailure) {
				ctx.onSaveFailure(this); // invoke callback
			}
		}
	};

	const isTextRedirect = function(text) {
		if (!text) { // no text - content empty or inaccessible (revdelled or suppressed)
			return false;
		}
		return Morebits.l10n.redirectTagAliases.some((tag) =&gt; new RegExp('^\\s*' + tag + '\\W', 'i').test(text));
	};

	var fnLookupCreationSuccess = function() {
		const response = ctx.lookupCreationApi.getResponse().query;

		if (!fnCheckPageName(response, ctx.onLookupCreationFailure)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		const rev = response.pages[0].revisions &amp;&amp; response.pages[0].revisions[0];
		if (!rev) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Could not find any revisions of ' + ctx.pageName);
			ctx.onLookupCreationFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		if (!ctx.lookupNonRedirectCreator || !isTextRedirect(rev.content)) {

			ctx.creator = rev.user;
			if (!ctx.creator) {
				ctx.statusElement.error('Could not find name of page creator');
				ctx.onLookupCreationFailure(this);
				return;
			}
			ctx.timestamp = rev.timestamp;
			if (!ctx.timestamp) {
				ctx.statusElement.error('Could not find timestamp of page creation');
				ctx.onLookupCreationFailure(this);
				return;
			}

			ctx.statusElement.info('retrieved page creation information');
			ctx.onLookupCreationSuccess(this);

		} else {
			ctx.lookupCreationApi.query.rvlimit = 50; // modify previous query to fetch more revisions
			ctx.lookupCreationApi.query.titles = ctx.pageName; // update pageName if redirect resolution took place in earlier query

			ctx.lookupCreationApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('Retrieving page creation information', ctx.lookupCreationApi.query, fnLookupNonRedirectCreator, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onLookupCreationFailure);
			ctx.lookupCreationApi.setParent(this);
			ctx.lookupCreationApi.post();
		}

	};

	var fnLookupNonRedirectCreator = function() {
		const response = ctx.lookupCreationApi.getResponse().query;
		const revs = response.pages[0].revisions;

		for (let i = 0; i &lt; revs.length; i++) {

			if (!isTextRedirect(revs[i].content)) {
				ctx.creator = revs[i].user;
				ctx.timestamp = revs[i].timestamp;
				break;
			}
		}

		if (!ctx.creator) {
			// fallback to give first revision author if no non-redirect version in the first 50
			ctx.creator = revs[0].user;
			ctx.timestamp = revs[0].timestamp;
			if (!ctx.creator) {
				ctx.statusElement.error('Could not find name of page creator');
				ctx.onLookupCreationFailure(this);
				return;
			}

		}
		if (!ctx.timestamp) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Could not find timestamp of page creation');
			ctx.onLookupCreationFailure(this);
			return;
		}

		ctx.statusElement.info('retrieved page creation information');
		ctx.onLookupCreationSuccess(this);

	};

	/**
	 * Common checks for action methods. Used for move, undelete, delete,
	 * protect, stabilize.
	 *
	 * @param {string} action - The action being checked.
	 * @param {string} onFailure - Failure callback.
	 * @return {boolean}
	 */
	var fnPreflightChecks = function(action, onFailure) {
		// if a non-admin tries to do this, don't bother
		if (!Morebits.userIsSysop &amp;&amp; action !== 'move') {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Cannot ' + action + 'page : only admins can do that');
			onFailure(this);
			return false;
		}

		if (!ctx.editSummary) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Internal error: ' + action + ' reason not set (use setEditSummary function)!');
			onFailure(this);
			return false;
		}
		return true; // all OK
	};

	/**
	 * Common checks for fnProcess functions (`fnProcessDelete`, `fnProcessMove`, etc.
	 * Used for move, undelete, delete, protect, stabilize.
	 *
	 * @param {string} action - The action being checked.
	 * @param {string} onFailure - Failure callback.
	 * @param {string} response - The response document from the API call.
	 * @return {boolean}
	 */
	const fnProcessChecks = function(action, onFailure, response) {
		const missing = response.pages[0].missing;

		// No undelete as an existing page could have deleted revisions
		const actionMissing = missing &amp;&amp; ['delete', 'stabilize', 'move'].includes(action);
		const protectMissing = action === 'protect' &amp;&amp; missing &amp;&amp; (ctx.protectEdit || ctx.protectMove);
		const saltMissing = action === 'protect' &amp;&amp; !missing &amp;&amp; ctx.protectCreate;

		if (actionMissing || protectMissing || saltMissing) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Cannot ' + action + ' the page because it ' + (missing ? 'no longer' : 'already') + ' exists');
			onFailure(this);
			return false;
		}

		// Delete, undelete, move
		// extract protection info
		let editprot;
		if (action === 'undelete') {
			editprot = response.pages[0].protection.filter((pr) =&gt; pr.type === 'create' &amp;&amp; pr.level === 'sysop').pop();
		} else if (action === 'delete' || action === 'move') {
			editprot = response.pages[0].protection.filter((pr) =&gt; pr.type === 'edit' &amp;&amp; pr.level === 'sysop').pop();
		}
		if (editprot &amp;&amp; !ctx.suppressProtectWarning &amp;&amp;
			!confirm('You are about to ' + action + ' the fully protected page &quot;' + ctx.pageName +
			(editprot.expiry === 'infinity' ? '&quot; (protected indefinitely)' : '&quot; (protection expiring ' + new Morebits.Date(editprot.expiry).calendar('utc') + ' (UTC))') +
			'.  \n\nClick OK to proceed with ' + action + ', or Cancel to skip.')) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Aborted ' + action + ' on fully protected page.');
			onFailure(this);
			return false;
		}

		if (!response.tokens.csrftoken) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to retrieve token.');
			onFailure(this);
			return false;
		}
		return true; // all OK
	};

	var fnProcessMove = function() {
		let pageTitle, token;

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('move')) {
			token = mw.user.tokens.get('csrfToken');
			pageTitle = ctx.pageName;
		} else {
			const response = ctx.moveApi.getResponse().query;

			if (!fnProcessChecks('move', ctx.onMoveFailure, response)) {
				return; // abort
			}

			token = response.tokens.csrftoken;
			const page = response.pages[0];
			pageTitle = page.title;
			ctx.watched = page.watchlistexpiry || page.watched;
		}

		const query = {
			action: 'move',
			from: pageTitle,
			to: ctx.moveDestination,
			token: token,
			reason: ctx.editSummary,
			watchlist: ctx.watchlistOption,
			format: 'json'
		};
		if (ctx.changeTags) {
			query.tags = ctx.changeTags;
		}

		if (fnApplyWatchlistExpiry()) {
			query.watchlistexpiry = ctx.watchlistExpiry;
		}
		if (ctx.moveTalkPage) {
			query.movetalk = 'true';
		}
		if (ctx.moveSubpages) {
			query.movesubpages = 'true';
		}
		if (ctx.moveSuppressRedirect) {
			query.noredirect = 'true';
		}

		ctx.moveProcessApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('moving page...', query, ctx.onMoveSuccess, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onMoveFailure);
		ctx.moveProcessApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.moveProcessApi.post();
	};

	var fnProcessPatrol = function() {
		const query = {
			action: 'patrol',
			format: 'json'
		};

		// Didn't need to load the page
		if (ctx.rcid) {
			query.rcid = ctx.rcid;
			query.token = mw.user.tokens.get('patrolToken');
		} else {
			const response = ctx.patrolApi.getResponse().query;

			// Don't patrol if not unpatrolled
			if (!response.recentchanges[0].unpatrolled) {
				return;
			}

			const lastrevid = response.pages[0].lastrevid;
			if (!lastrevid) {
				return;
			}
			query.revid = lastrevid;

			const token = response.tokens.csrftoken;
			if (!token) {
				return;
			}
			query.token = token;
		}
		if (ctx.changeTags) {
			query.tags = ctx.changeTags;
		}

		const patrolStat = new Morebits.Status('Marking page as patrolled');

		ctx.patrolProcessApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('patrolling page...', query, null, patrolStat);
		ctx.patrolProcessApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.patrolProcessApi.post();
	};

	// Ensure that the page is curatable
	var fnProcessTriageList = function() {
		if (ctx.pageID) {
			ctx.csrfToken = mw.user.tokens.get('csrfToken');
		} else {
			const response = ctx.triageApi.getResponse().query;

			ctx.pageID = response.pages[0].pageid;
			if (!ctx.pageID) {
				return;
			}

			ctx.csrfToken = response.tokens.csrftoken;
			if (!ctx.csrfToken) {
				return;
			}
		}

		const query = {
			action: 'pagetriagelist',
			page_id: ctx.pageID,
			format: 'json'
		};

		ctx.triageProcessListApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('checking curation status...', query, fnProcessTriage);
		ctx.triageProcessListApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.triageProcessListApi.post();
	};

	// callback from triageProcessListApi.post()
	var fnProcessTriage = function() {
		const responseList = ctx.triageProcessListApi.getResponse().pagetriagelist;
		// Exit if not in the queue
		if (!responseList || responseList.result !== 'success') {
			return;
		}
		const page = responseList.pages &amp;&amp; responseList.pages[0];
		// Do nothing if page already triaged/patrolled
		if (!page || !parseInt(page.patrol_status, 10)) {
			const query = {
				action: 'pagetriageaction',
				pageid: ctx.pageID,
				reviewed: 1,
				token: ctx.csrfToken,
				format: 'json'
			};
			if (ctx.changeTags) {
				query.tags = ctx.changeTags;
			}
			const triageStat = new Morebits.Status('Marking page as curated');
			ctx.triageProcessApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('curating page...', query, null, triageStat);
			ctx.triageProcessApi.setParent(this);
			ctx.triageProcessApi.post();
		}
	};

	var fnProcessDelete = function() {
		let pageTitle, token;

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('delete')) {
			token = mw.user.tokens.get('csrfToken');
			pageTitle = ctx.pageName;
		} else {
			const response = ctx.deleteApi.getResponse().query;

			if (!fnProcessChecks('delete', ctx.onDeleteFailure, response)) {
				return; // abort
			}

			token = response.tokens.csrftoken;
			const page = response.pages[0];
			pageTitle = page.title;
			ctx.watched = page.watchlistexpiry || page.watched;
		}

		const query = {
			action: 'delete',
			title: pageTitle,
			token: token,
			reason: ctx.editSummary,
			watchlist: ctx.watchlistOption,
			format: 'json'
		};
		if (ctx.changeTags) {
			query.tags = ctx.changeTags;
		}
		if (ctx.deleteTalkPage) {
			query.deletetalk = 'true';
		}

		if (fnApplyWatchlistExpiry()) {
			query.watchlistexpiry = ctx.watchlistExpiry;
		}

		ctx.deleteProcessApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('deleting page...', query, ctx.onDeleteSuccess, ctx.statusElement, fnProcessDeleteError);
		ctx.deleteProcessApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.deleteProcessApi.post();
	};

	// callback from deleteProcessApi.post()
	var fnProcessDeleteError = function() {

		const errorCode = ctx.deleteProcessApi.getErrorCode();

		// check for &quot;Database query error&quot;
		if (errorCode === 'internal_api_error_DBQueryError' &amp;&amp; ctx.retries++ &lt; ctx.maxRetries) {
			ctx.statusElement.info('Database query error, retrying');
			--Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft; // allow for normal completion if retry succeeds
			ctx.deleteProcessApi.post(); // give it another go!

		} else if (errorCode === 'missingtitle') {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Cannot delete the page, because it no longer exists');
			if (ctx.onDeleteFailure) {
				ctx.onDeleteFailure.call(this, ctx.deleteProcessApi); // invoke callback
			}
		// hard error, give up
		} else {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to delete the page: ' + ctx.deleteProcessApi.getErrorText());
			if (ctx.onDeleteFailure) {
				ctx.onDeleteFailure.call(this, ctx.deleteProcessApi); // invoke callback
			}
		}
	};

	var fnProcessUndelete = function() {
		let pageTitle, token;

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('undelete')) {
			token = mw.user.tokens.get('csrfToken');
			pageTitle = ctx.pageName;
		} else {
			const response = ctx.undeleteApi.getResponse().query;

			if (!fnProcessChecks('undelete', ctx.onUndeleteFailure, response)) {
				return; // abort
			}

			token = response.tokens.csrftoken;
			const page = response.pages[0];
			pageTitle = page.title;
			ctx.watched = page.watchlistexpiry || page.watched;
		}

		const query = {
			action: 'undelete',
			title: pageTitle,
			token: token,
			reason: ctx.editSummary,
			watchlist: ctx.watchlistOption,
			format: 'json'
		};
		if (ctx.changeTags) {
			query.tags = ctx.changeTags;
		}
		if (ctx.undeleteTalkPage) {
			query.undeletetalk = 'true';
		}

		if (fnApplyWatchlistExpiry()) {
			query.watchlistexpiry = ctx.watchlistExpiry;
		}

		ctx.undeleteProcessApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('undeleting page...', query, ctx.onUndeleteSuccess, ctx.statusElement, fnProcessUndeleteError);
		ctx.undeleteProcessApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.undeleteProcessApi.post();
	};

	// callback from undeleteProcessApi.post()
	var fnProcessUndeleteError = function() {

		const errorCode = ctx.undeleteProcessApi.getErrorCode();

		// check for &quot;Database query error&quot;
		if (errorCode === 'internal_api_error_DBQueryError') {
			if (ctx.retries++ &lt; ctx.maxRetries) {
				ctx.statusElement.info('Database query error, retrying');
				--Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft; // allow for normal completion if retry succeeds
				ctx.undeleteProcessApi.post(); // give it another go!
			} else {
				ctx.statusElement.error('Repeated database query error, please try again');
				if (ctx.onUndeleteFailure) {
					ctx.onUndeleteFailure.call(this, ctx.undeleteProcessApi); // invoke callback
				}
			}
		} else if (errorCode === 'cantundelete') {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Cannot undelete the page, either because there are no revisions to undelete or because it has already been undeleted');
			if (ctx.onUndeleteFailure) {
				ctx.onUndeleteFailure.call(this, ctx.undeleteProcessApi); // invoke callback
			}
		// hard error, give up
		} else {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Failed to undelete the page: ' + ctx.undeleteProcessApi.getErrorText());
			if (ctx.onUndeleteFailure) {
				ctx.onUndeleteFailure.call(this, ctx.undeleteProcessApi); // invoke callback
			}
		}
	};

	var fnProcessProtect = function() {
		const response = ctx.protectApi.getResponse().query;

		if (!fnProcessChecks('protect', ctx.onProtectFailure, response)) {
			return; // abort
		}

		const token = response.tokens.csrftoken;
		const page = response.pages[0];
		const pageTitle = page.title;
		ctx.watched = page.watchlistexpiry || page.watched;

		// Fetch existing protection levels
		const prs = response.pages[0].protection;
		let editprot, moveprot, createprot;
		prs.forEach((pr) =&gt; {
			// Filter out protection from cascading
			if (pr.type === 'edit' &amp;&amp; !pr.source) {
				editprot = pr;
			} else if (pr.type === 'move') {
				moveprot = pr;
			} else if (pr.type === 'create') {
				createprot = pr;
			}
		});

		// Fall back to current levels if not explicitly set
		if (!ctx.protectEdit &amp;&amp; editprot) {
			ctx.protectEdit = { level: editprot.level, expiry: editprot.expiry };
		}
		if (!ctx.protectMove &amp;&amp; moveprot) {
			ctx.protectMove = { level: moveprot.level, expiry: moveprot.expiry };
		}
		if (!ctx.protectCreate &amp;&amp; createprot) {
			ctx.protectCreate = { level: createprot.level, expiry: createprot.expiry };
		}

		// Default to pre-existing cascading protection if unchanged (similar to above)
		if (ctx.protectCascade === null) {
			ctx.protectCascade = !!prs.filter((pr) =&gt; pr.cascade).length;
		}
		// Warn if cascading protection being applied with an invalid protection level,
		// which for edit protection will cause cascading to be silently stripped
		if (ctx.protectCascade) {
			// On move protection, this is technically stricter than the MW API,
			// but seems reasonable to avoid dumb values and misleading log entries (T265626)
			if (((!ctx.protectEdit || ctx.protectEdit.level !== 'sysop') ||
				(!ctx.protectMove || ctx.protectMove.level !== 'sysop')) &amp;&amp;
				!confirm('You have cascading protection enabled on &quot;' + ctx.pageName +
				'&quot; but have not selected uniform sysop-level protection.\n\n' +
				'Click OK to adjust and proceed with sysop-level cascading protection, or Cancel to skip this action.')) {
				ctx.statusElement.error('Cascading protection was aborted.');
				ctx.onProtectFailure(this);
				return;
			}

			ctx.protectEdit.level = 'sysop';
			ctx.protectMove.level = 'sysop';
		}

		// Build protection levels and expirys (expiries?) for query
		const protections = [], expirys = [];
		if (ctx.protectEdit) {
			protections.push('edit=' + ctx.protectEdit.level);
			expirys.push(ctx.protectEdit.expiry);
		}

		if (ctx.protectMove) {
			protections.push('move=' + ctx.protectMove.level);
			expirys.push(ctx.protectMove.expiry);
		}

		if (ctx.protectCreate) {
			protections.push('create=' + ctx.protectCreate.level);
			expirys.push(ctx.protectCreate.expiry);
		}

		const query = {
			action: 'protect',
			title: pageTitle,
			token: token,
			protections: protections.join('|'),
			expiry: expirys.join('|'),
			reason: ctx.editSummary,
			watchlist: ctx.watchlistOption,
			format: 'json'
		};
		// Only shows up in logs, not page history [[phab:T259983]]
		if (ctx.changeTags) {
			query.tags = ctx.changeTags;
		}

		if (fnApplyWatchlistExpiry()) {
			query.watchlistexpiry = ctx.watchlistExpiry;
		}
		if (ctx.protectCascade) {
			query.cascade = 'true';
		}

		ctx.protectProcessApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('protecting page...', query, ctx.onProtectSuccess, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onProtectFailure);
		ctx.protectProcessApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.protectProcessApi.post();
	};

	var fnProcessStabilize = function() {
		let pageTitle, token;

		if (fnCanUseMwUserToken('stabilize')) {
			token = mw.user.tokens.get('csrfToken');
			pageTitle = ctx.pageName;
		} else {
			const response = ctx.stabilizeApi.getResponse().query;

			// 'stabilize' as a verb not necessarily well understood
			if (!fnProcessChecks('stabilize', ctx.onStabilizeFailure, response)) {
				return; // abort
			}

			token = response.tokens.csrftoken;
			const page = response.pages[0];
			pageTitle = page.title;
			// Doesn't support watchlist expiry [[phab:T263336]]
			// ctx.watched = page.watchlistexpiry || page.watched;
		}

		const query = {
			action: 'stabilize',
			title: pageTitle,
			token: token,
			protectlevel: ctx.flaggedRevs.level,
			expiry: ctx.flaggedRevs.expiry,
			// tags: ctx.changeTags, // flaggedrevs tag support: [[phab:T247721]]
			reason: ctx.editSummary,
			watchlist: ctx.watchlistOption,
			format: 'json'
		};

		/* Doesn't support watchlist expiry [[phab:T263336]]
		if (fnApplyWatchlistExpiry()) {
			query.watchlistexpiry = ctx.watchlistExpiry;
		}
		*/

		ctx.stabilizeProcessApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('configuring stabilization settings...', query, ctx.onStabilizeSuccess, ctx.statusElement, ctx.onStabilizeFailure);
		ctx.stabilizeProcessApi.setParent(this);
		ctx.stabilizeProcessApi.post();
	};

	var sleep = function(milliseconds) {
		const deferred = $.Deferred();
		setTimeout(deferred.resolve, milliseconds);
		return deferred;
	};

}; // end Morebits.wiki.Page

/* Morebits.wiki.Page TODO: (XXX)
* - Should we retry loads also?
* - Need to reset current action before the save?
* - Deal with action.completed stuff
* - Need to reset all parameters once done (e.g. edit summary, move destination, etc.)
*/

/* **************** Morebits.wiki.Preview **************** */
/**
 * Use the API to parse a fragment of wikitext and render it as HTML.
 *
 * The suggested implementation pattern (in {@link Morebits.SimpleWindow} and
 * {@link Morebits.QuickForm} situations) is to construct a
 * `Morebits.wiki.Preview` object after rendering a `Morebits.QuickForm`, and
 * bind the object to an arbitrary property of the form (e.g. |previewer|).
 * For an example, see twinklewarn.js.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.wiki
 * @class
 * @param {HTMLElement} previewbox - The element that will contain the rendered HTML,
 * usually a &lt;div&gt; element.
 */
Morebits.wiki.Preview = function(previewbox) {
	this.previewbox = previewbox;
	$(previewbox).addClass('morebits-previewbox').hide();

	/**
	 * Displays the preview box, and begins an asynchronous attempt
	 * to render the specified wikitext.
	 *
	 * @param {string} wikitext - Wikitext to render; most things should work, including `subst:` and `~~~~`.
	 * @param {string} [pageTitle] - Optional parameter for the page this should be rendered as being on, if omitted it is taken as the current page.
	 * @param {string} [sectionTitle] - If provided, render the text as a new section using this as the title.
	 * @return {jQuery.promise}
	 */
	this.beginRender = function(wikitext, pageTitle, sectionTitle) {
		$(previewbox).show();

		const statusspan = document.createElement('span');
		previewbox.appendChild(statusspan);
		Morebits.Status.init(statusspan);

		const query = {
			action: 'parse',
			prop: ['text', 'modules'],
			pst: true, // PST = pre-save transform; this makes substitution work properly
			preview: true,
			text: wikitext,
			title: pageTitle || mw.config.get('wgPageName'),
			disablelimitreport: true,
			disableeditsection: true,
			format: 'json'
		};
		if (sectionTitle) {
			query.section = 'new';
			query.sectiontitle = sectionTitle;
		}
		const renderApi = new Morebits.wiki.Api('loading...', query, fnRenderSuccess, new Morebits.Status('Preview'));
		return renderApi.post();
	};

	var fnRenderSuccess = function(apiobj) {
		const response = apiobj.getResponse();
		const html = response.parse.text;
		if (!html) {
			apiobj.statelem.error('failed to retrieve preview, or template was blanked');
			return;
		}
		previewbox.innerHTML = html;
		mw.loader.load(response.parse.modulestyles);
		mw.loader.load(response.parse.modules);

		// this makes links open in new tab
		$(previewbox).find('a').attr('target', '_blank');

		// Integrate with scripts that do things on rendered content, like navpopups
		mw.hook('wikipage.content').fire($(previewbox));
	};

	/** Hides the preview box and clears it. */
	this.closePreview = function() {
		$(previewbox).empty().hide();
	};
};

/* **************** Morebits.wikitext **************** */

/**
 * Wikitext manipulation.
 *
 * @namespace Morebits.wikitext
 * @memberof Morebits
 */
Morebits.wikitext = {};

/**
 * Get the value of every parameter found in the wikitext of a given template.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.wikitext
 * @param {string} text - Wikitext containing a template.
 * @param {number} [start=0] - Index noting where in the text the template begins.
 * @return {Object} `{name: templateName, parameters: {key: value}}`.
 */
Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate = function(text, start) {
	start = start || 0;

	const level = []; // Track of how deep we are ({{, {{{, or [[)
	let count = -1; // Number of parameters found
	let unnamed = 0; // Keep track of what number an unnamed parameter should receive
	let equals = -1; // After finding &quot;=&quot; before a parameter, the index; otherwise, -1
	let current = '';
	const result = {
		name: '',
		parameters: {}
	};
	let key, value;

	/**
	 * Function to handle finding parameter values.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [final=false] - Whether this is the final
	 * parameter and we need to remove the trailing `}}`.
	 */
	function findParam(final) {
		// Nothing found yet, this must be the template name
		if (count === -1) {
			result.name = current.slice(2).trim();
			++count;
		} else {
			// In a parameter
			if (equals !== -1) {
				// We found an equals, so save the parameter as key: value
				key = current.substring(0, equals).trim();
				value = final ? current.substring(equals + 1, current.length - 2).trim() : current.substring(equals + 1).trim();
				result.parameters[key] = value;
				equals = -1;
			} else {
				// No equals, so it must be unnamed; no trim since whitespace allowed
				const param = final ? current.substring(equals + 1, current.length - 2) : current;
				if (param) {
					result.parameters[++unnamed] = param;
					++count;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	for (let i = start; i &lt; text.length; ++i) {
		const test3 = text.substr(i, 3);
		if (test3 === '{{{' || (test3 === '}}}' &amp;&amp; level[level.length - 1] === 3)) {
			current += test3;
			i += 2;
			if (test3 === '{{{') {
				level.push(3);
			} else {
				level.pop();
			}
			continue;
		}
		const test2 = text.substr(i, 2);
		// Entering a template (or link)
		if (test2 === '{{' || test2 === '[[') {
			current += test2;
			++i;
			if (test2 === '{{') {
				level.push(2);
			} else {
				level.push('wl');
			}
			continue;
		}
		// Either leaving a link or template/parser function
		if ((test2 === '}}' &amp;&amp; level[level.length - 1] === 2) ||
			(test2 === ']]' &amp;&amp; level[level.length - 1] === 'wl')) {
			current += test2;
			++i;
			level.pop();

			// Find the final parameter if this really is the end
			if (test2 === '}}' &amp;&amp; level.length === 0) {
				findParam(true);
				break;
			}
			continue;
		}

		if (text.charAt(i) === '|' &amp;&amp; level.length === 1) {
			// Another pipe found, toplevel, so parameter coming up!
			findParam();
			current = '';
		} else if (equals === -1 &amp;&amp; text.charAt(i) === '=' &amp;&amp; level.length === 1) {
			// Equals found, toplevel
			equals = current.length;
			current += text.charAt(i);
		} else {
			// Just advance the position
			current += text.charAt(i);
		}
	}

	return result;
};

/**
 * Adjust and manipulate the wikitext of a page.
 *
 * @class
 * @memberof Morebits.wikitext
 * @param {string} text - Wikitext to be manipulated.
 */
Morebits.wikitext.Page = function mediawikiPage(text) {
	this.text = text;
};

Morebits.wikitext.Page.prototype = {
	text: '',

	/**
	 * Removes links to `link_target` from the page text.
	 *
	 * @param {string} link_target
	 * @return {Morebits.wikitext.Page}
	 */
	removeLink: function(link_target) {
		const mwTitle = mw.Title.newFromText(link_target);
		const namespaceID = mwTitle.getNamespaceId();
		const title = mwTitle.getMainText();

		let link_regex_string = '';
		if (namespaceID !== 0) {
			link_regex_string = Morebits.namespaceRegex(namespaceID) + ':';
		}
		link_regex_string += Morebits.pageNameRegex(title);

		// For most namespaces, unlink both [[User:Test]] and [[:User:Test]]
		// For files and categories, only unlink [[:Category:Test]]. Do not unlink [[Category:Test]]
		const isFileOrCategory = [6, 14].includes(namespaceID);
		const colon = isFileOrCategory ? ':' : ':?';

		const simple_link_regex = new RegExp('\\[\\[' + colon + '(' + link_regex_string + ')\\]\\]', 'g');
		const piped_link_regex = new RegExp('\\[\\[' + colon + link_regex_string + '\\|(.+?)\\]\\]', 'g');
		this.text = this.text.replace(simple_link_regex, '$1').replace(piped_link_regex, '$1');
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Comments out images from page text; if used in a gallery, deletes the whole line.
	 * If used as a template argument (not necessarily with `File:` prefix), the template parameter is commented out.
	 *
	 * @param {string} image - Image name without `File:` prefix.
	 * @param {string} [reason] - Reason to be included in comment, alongside the commented-out image.
	 * @return {Morebits.wikitext.Page}
	 */
	commentOutImage: function(image, reason) {
		const unbinder = new Morebits.Unbinder(this.text);
		unbinder.unbind('&lt;!--', '--&gt;');

		reason = reason ? reason + ': ' : '';
		const image_re_string = Morebits.pageNameRegex(image);

		// Check for normal image links, i.e. [[File:Foobar.png|...]]
		// Will eat the whole link
		const links_re = new RegExp('\\[\\[' + Morebits.namespaceRegex(6) + ':\\s*' + image_re_string + '\\s*[\\|(?:\\]\\])]');
		const allLinks = Morebits.string.splitWeightedByKeys(unbinder.content, '[[', ']]');
		for (let i = 0; i &lt; allLinks.length; ++i) {
			if (links_re.test(allLinks[i])) {
				const replacement = '&lt;!-- ' + reason + allLinks[i] + ' --&gt;';
				unbinder.content = unbinder.content.replace(allLinks[i], replacement);
				// unbind the newly created comments
				unbinder.unbind('&lt;!--', '--&gt;');
			}
		}

		// Check for gallery images, i.e. instances that must start on a new line,
		// eventually preceded with some space, and must include File: prefix
		// Will eat the whole line.
		const gallery_image_re = new RegExp('(^\\s*' + Morebits.namespaceRegex(6) + ':\\s*' + image_re_string + '\\s*(?:\\|.*?$|$))', 'mg');
		unbinder.content = unbinder.content.replace(gallery_image_re, '&lt;!-- ' + reason + '$1 --&gt;');

		// unbind the newly created comments
		unbinder.unbind('&lt;!--', '--&gt;');

		// Check free image usages, for example as template arguments, might have the File: prefix excluded, but must be preceded by an |
		// Will only eat the image name and the preceding bar and an eventual named parameter
		const free_image_re = new RegExp('(\\|\\s*(?:[\\w\\s]+\\=)?\\s*(?:' + Morebits.namespaceRegex(6) + ':\\s*)?' + image_re_string + ')', 'mg');
		unbinder.content = unbinder.content.replace(free_image_re, '&lt;!-- ' + reason + '$1 --&gt;');
		// Rebind the content now, we are done!
		this.text = unbinder.rebind();
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Converts uses of [[File:`image`]] to [[File:`image`|`data`]].
	 *
	 * @param {string} image - Image name without File: prefix.
	 * @param {string} data - The display options.
	 * @return {Morebits.wikitext.Page}
	 */
	addToImageComment: function(image, data) {
		const image_re_string = Morebits.pageNameRegex(image);
		const links_re = new RegExp('\\[\\[' + Morebits.namespaceRegex(6) + ':\\s*' + image_re_string + '\\s*[\\|(?:\\]\\])]');
		const allLinks = Morebits.string.splitWeightedByKeys(this.text, '[[', ']]');
		for (let i = 0; i &lt; allLinks.length; ++i) {
			if (links_re.test(allLinks[i])) {
				let replacement = allLinks[i];
				// just put it at the end?
				replacement = replacement.replace(/\]\]$/, '|' + data + ']]');
				this.text = this.text.replace(allLinks[i], replacement);
			}
		}
		const gallery_re = new RegExp('^(\\s*' + image_re_string + '.*?)\\|?(.*?)$', 'mg');
		const newtext = '$1|$2 ' + data;
		this.text = this.text.replace(gallery_re, newtext);
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Remove all transclusions of a template from page text.
	 *
	 * @param {string} template - Page name whose transclusions are to be removed,
	 * include namespace prefix only if not in template namespace.
	 * @return {Morebits.wikitext.Page}
	 */
	removeTemplate: function(template) {
		const template_re_string = Morebits.pageNameRegex(template);
		const links_re = new RegExp('\\{\\{(?:' + Morebits.namespaceRegex(10) + ':)?\\s*' + template_re_string + '\\s*[\\|(?:\\}\\})]');
		const allTemplates = Morebits.string.splitWeightedByKeys(this.text, '{{', '}}', [ '{{{', '}}}' ]);
		for (let i = 0; i &lt; allTemplates.length; ++i) {
			if (links_re.test(allTemplates[i])) {
				this.text = this.text.replace(allTemplates[i], '');
			}
		}
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Smartly insert a tag atop page text but after specified templates,
	 * such as hatnotes, short description, or deletion and protection templates.
	 * Notably, does *not* insert a newline after the tag.
	 *
	 * @param {string} tag - The tag to be inserted.
	 * @param {string|string[]} regex - Templates after which to insert tag,
	 * given as either as a (regex-valid) string or an array to be joined by pipes.
	 * @param {string} [flags=i] - Regex flags to apply.  `''` to provide no flags;
	 * other falsey values will default to `i`.
	 * @param {string|string[]} [preRegex] - Optional regex string or array to match
	 * before any template matches (i.e. before `{{`), such as html comments.
	 * @return {Morebits.wikitext.Page}
	 */
	insertAfterTemplates: function(tag, regex, flags, preRegex) {
		if (typeof tag === 'undefined') {
			throw new Error('No tag provided');
		}

		// .length is only a property of strings and arrays so we
		// shouldn't need to check type
		if (typeof regex === 'undefined' || !regex.length) {
			throw new Error('No regex provided');
		} else if (Array.isArray(regex)) {
			regex = regex.join('|');
		}

		if (typeof flags !== 'string') {
			flags = 'i';
		}

		if (!preRegex || !preRegex.length) {
			preRegex = '';
		} else if (Array.isArray(preRegex)) {
			preRegex = preRegex.join('|');
		}

		// Regex is extra complicated to allow for templates with
		// parameters and to handle whitespace properly
		this.text = this.text.replace(
			new RegExp(
				// leading whitespace
				'^\\s*' +
				// capture template(s)
				'(?:((?:\\s*' +
				// Pre-template regex, such as leading html comments
				preRegex + '|' +
				// begin template format
				'\\{\\{\\s*(?:' +
				// Template regex
				regex +
				// end main template name, optionally with a number
				// Probably remove the (?:) though
				')\\d*\\s*' +
				// template parameters
				'(\\|(?:\\{\\{[^{}]*\\}\\}|[^{}])*)?' +
				// end template format
				'\\}\\})+' +
				// end capture
				'(?:\\s*\\n)?)' +
				// trailing whitespace
				'\\s*)?',
				flags), '$1' + tag
		);
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Get the manipulated wikitext.
	 *
	 * @return {string}
	 */
	getText: function() {
		return this.text;
	}
};

/* *********** Morebits.UserspaceLogger ************ */
/**
 * Handles logging actions to a userspace log.
 * Used in CSD, PROD, and XFD.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 * @param {string} logPageName - Title of the subpage of the current user's log.
 */
Morebits.UserspaceLogger = function(logPageName) {
	if (!logPageName) {
		throw new Error('no log page name specified');
	}
	/**
	 * The text to prefix the log with upon creation, defaults to empty.
	 *
	 * @type {string}
	 */
	this.initialText = '';
	/**
	 * The header level to use for months, defaults to 3 (`===`).
	 *
	 * @type {number}
	 */
	this.headerLevel = 3;
	this.changeTags = '';

	/**
	 * Log the entry.
	 *
	 * @param {string} logText - Doesn't include leading `#` or `*`.
	 * @param {string} summaryText - Edit summary.
	 * @return {jQuery.Promise}
	 */
	this.log = function(logText, summaryText) {
		const def = $.Deferred();
		if (!logText) {
			return def.reject();
		}
		const page = new Morebits.wiki.Page('User:' + mw.config.get('wgUserName') + '/' + logPageName,
			'Adding entry to userspace log'); // make this '... to ' + logPageName ?
		page.load((pageobj) =&gt; {
			// add blurb if log page doesn't exist or is blank
			let text = pageobj.getPageText() || this.initialText;

			// create monthly header if it doesn't exist already
			const date = new Morebits.Date(pageobj.getLoadTime());
			if (!date.monthHeaderRegex().exec(text)) {
				text += '\n\n' + date.monthHeader(this.headerLevel);
			}

			pageobj.setPageText(text + '\n' + logText);
			pageobj.setEditSummary(summaryText);
			pageobj.setChangeTags(this.changeTags);
			pageobj.setCreateOption('recreate');
			pageobj.save(def.resolve, def.reject);
		});
		return def;
	};
};

/* **************** Morebits.Status **************** */
/**
 * Create and show status messages of varying urgency.
 * {@link Morebits.Status.init|Morebits.Status.init()} must be called before
 * any status object is created, otherwise those statuses won't be visible.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 * @param {string} text - Text before the the colon `:`.
 * @param {string} stat - Text after the colon `:`.
 * @param {string} [type=status] - Determine the font color of the status
 * line, allowable values are: `status` (blue), `info` (green), `warn` (red),
 * or `error` (bold red).
 */

Morebits.Status = function Status(text, stat, type) {
	this.textRaw = text;
	this.text = Morebits.createHtml(text);
	this.type = type || 'status';
	this.generate();
	if (stat) {
		this.update(stat, type);
	}
};

/**
 * Specify an area for status message elements to be added to.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {HTMLElement} root - Usually a div element.
 * @throws {Error} If `root` is not an `HTMLElement`.
 */
Morebits.Status.init = function(root) {
	if (!(root instanceof Element)) {
		throw new Error('object not an instance of Element');
	}
	while (root.hasChildNodes()) {
		root.removeChild(root.firstChild);
	}
	Morebits.Status.root = root;
	Morebits.Status.errorEvent = null;
};

Morebits.Status.root = null;

/**
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {Function} handler - Function to execute on error.
 * @throws {Error} When `handler` is not a function.
 */
Morebits.Status.onError = function(handler) {
	if (typeof handler === 'function') {
		Morebits.Status.errorEvent = handler;
	} else {
		throw new Error('Morebits.Status.onError: handler is not a function');
	}
};

Morebits.Status.prototype = {
	stat: null,
	statRaw: null,
	text: null,
	textRaw: null,
	type: 'status',
	target: null,
	node: null,
	linked: false,

	/** Add the status element node to the DOM. */
	link: function() {
		if (!this.linked &amp;&amp; Morebits.Status.root) {
			Morebits.Status.root.appendChild(this.node);
			this.linked = true;
		}
	},

	/** Remove the status element node from the DOM. */
	unlink: function() {
		if (this.linked) {
			Morebits.Status.root.removeChild(this.node);
			this.linked = false;
		}
	},

	/**
	 * Update the status.
	 *
	 * @param {string} status - Part of status message after colon.
	 * @param {string} type - 'status' (blue), 'info' (green), 'warn'
	 * (red), or 'error' (bold red).
	 */
	update: function(status, type) {
		this.statRaw = status;
		this.stat = Morebits.createHtml(status);
		if (type) {
			this.type = type;
			if (type === 'error') {
				// hack to force the page not to reload when an error is output - see also Morebits.Status() above
				Morebits.wiki.numberOfActionsLeft = 1000;

				// call error callback
				if (Morebits.Status.errorEvent) {
					Morebits.Status.errorEvent();
				}

				// also log error messages in the browser console
				console.error(this.textRaw + ': ' + this.statRaw); // eslint-disable-line no-console
			}
		}
		this.render();
	},

	/** Produce the html for first part of the status message. */
	generate: function() {
		this.node = document.createElement('div');
		this.node.appendChild(document.createElement('span')).appendChild(this.text);
		this.node.appendChild(document.createElement('span')).appendChild(document.createTextNode(': '));
		this.target = this.node.appendChild(document.createElement('span'));
		this.target.appendChild(document.createTextNode('')); // dummy node
	},

	/** Complete the html, for the second part of the status message. */
	render: function() {
		this.node.className = 'morebits_status_' + this.type;
		while (this.target.hasChildNodes()) {
			this.target.removeChild(this.target.firstChild);
		}
		this.target.appendChild(this.stat);
		this.link();
	},
	status: function(status) {
		this.update(status, 'status');
	},
	info: function(status) {
		this.update(status, 'info');
	},
	warn: function(status) {
		this.update(status, 'warn');
	},
	error: function(status) {
		this.update(status, 'error');
	}
};
/**
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {string} text - Before colon
 * @param {string} status - After colon
 * @return {Morebits.Status} - `status`-type (blue)
 */
Morebits.Status.status = function(text, status) {
	return new Morebits.Status(text, status);
};
/**
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {string} text - Before colon
 * @param {string} status - After colon
 * @return {Morebits.Status} - `info`-type (green)
 */
Morebits.Status.info = function(text, status) {
	return new Morebits.Status(text, status, 'info');
};
/**
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {string} text - Before colon
 * @param {string} status - After colon
 * @return {Morebits.Status} - `warn`-type (red)
 */
Morebits.Status.warn = function(text, status) {
	return new Morebits.Status(text, status, 'warn');
};
/**
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {string} text - Before colon
 * @param {string} status - After colon
 * @return {Morebits.Status} - `error`-type (bold red)
 */
Morebits.Status.error = function(text, status) {
	return new Morebits.Status(text, status, 'error');
};

/**
 * For the action complete message at the end, create a status line without
 * a colon separator.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {string} text
 */
Morebits.Status.actionCompleted = function(text) {
	const node = document.createElement('div');
	node.appendChild(document.createElement('b')).appendChild(document.createTextNode(text));
	node.className = 'morebits_status_info morebits_action_complete';
	if (Morebits.Status.root) {
		Morebits.Status.root.appendChild(node);
	}
};

/**
 * Display the user's rationale, comments, etc. Back to them after a failure,
 * so that they may re-use it.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.Status
 * @param {string} comments
 * @param {string} message
 */
Morebits.Status.printUserText = function(comments, message) {
	const p = document.createElement('p');
	p.innerHTML = message;
	const div = document.createElement('div');
	div.className = 'morebits-usertext';
	div.style.marginTop = '0';
	div.style.whiteSpace = 'pre-wrap';
	div.textContent = comments;
	p.appendChild(div);
	Morebits.Status.root.appendChild(p);
};

/**
 * Simple helper function to create a simple node.
 *
 * @param {string} type - Type of HTML element.
 * @param {string} content - Text content.
 * @param {string} [color] - Font color.
 * @return {HTMLElement}
 */
Morebits.htmlNode = function (type, content, color) {
	const node = document.createElement(type);
	if (color) {
		node.style.color = color;
	}
	node.appendChild(document.createTextNode(content));
	return node;
};

/**
 * Add shift-click support for checkboxes. The wikibits version
 * (`window.addCheckboxClickHandlers`) has some restrictions, and doesn't work
 * with checkboxes inside a sortable table, so let's build our own.
 *
 * @param {jQuery} jQuerySelector
 * @param {jQuery} jQueryContext
 */
Morebits.checkboxShiftClickSupport = function (jQuerySelector, jQueryContext) {
	let lastCheckbox = null;

	function clickHandler(event) {
		const thisCb = this;
		if (event.shiftKey &amp;&amp; lastCheckbox !== null) {
			const $cbs = $(jQuerySelector, jQueryContext); // can't cache them, obviously, if we want to support re-sorting
			let index = -1, lastIndex = -1, i;
			for (i = 0; i &lt; $cbs.length; i++) {
				if ($cbs[i] === thisCb) {
					index = i;
					if (lastIndex &gt; -1) {
						break;
					}
				}
				if ($cbs[i] === lastCheckbox) {
					lastIndex = i;
					if (index &gt; -1) {
						break;
					}
				}
			}

			if (index &gt; -1 &amp;&amp; lastIndex &gt; -1) {
				// inspired by wikibits
				const endState = thisCb.checked;
				let start, finish;
				if (index &lt; lastIndex) {
					start = index + 1;
					finish = lastIndex;
				} else {
					start = lastIndex;
					finish = index - 1;
				}

				for (i = start; i &lt;= finish; i++) {
					if ($cbs[i].checked !== endState) {
						$cbs[i].click();
					}
				}
			}
		}
		lastCheckbox = thisCb;
		return true;
	}

	$(jQuerySelector, jQueryContext).on('click', clickHandler);
};

/* **************** Morebits.BatchOperation **************** */
/**
 * Iterates over a group of pages (or arbitrary objects) and executes a worker function
 * for each.
 *
 * `setPageList(pageList)`: Sets the list of pages to work on. It should be an
 * array of page names strings.
 *
 * `setOption(optionName, optionValue)`: Sets a known option:
 * - `chunkSize` (integer): The size of chunks to break the array into (default
 * 50). Setting this to a small value (&lt;5) can cause problems.
 * - `preserveIndividualStatusLines` (boolean): Keep each page's status element
 * visible when worker is complete? See note below.
 *
 * `run(worker, postFinish)`: Runs the callback `worker` for each page in the
 * list.  The callback must call `workerSuccess` when succeeding, or
 * `workerFailure` when failing.  If using {@link Morebits.wiki.Api} or
 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Page}, this is easily done by passing these two
 * functions as parameters to the methods on those objects: for instance,
 * `page.save(batchOp.workerSuccess, batchOp.workerFailure)`.  Make sure the
 * methods are called directly if special success/failure cases arise.  If you
 * omit to call these methods, the batch operation will stall after the first
 * chunk!  Also ensure that either workerSuccess or workerFailure is called no
 * more than once.  The second callback `postFinish` is executed when the
 * entire batch has been processed.
 *
 * If using `preserveIndividualStatusLines`, you should try to ensure that the
 * `workerSuccess` callback has access to the page title.  This is no problem for
 * {@link Morebits.wiki.Page} objects.  But when using the API, please set the
 * |pageName| property on the {@link Morebits.wiki.Api} object.
 *
 * There are sample batchOperation implementations using Morebits.wiki.Page in
 * twinklebatchdelete.js, twinklebatchundelete.js, and twinklebatchprotect.js.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 * @param {string} [currentAction]
 */
Morebits.BatchOperation = function(currentAction) {
	const ctx = {
		// backing fields for public properties
		pageList: null,
		options: {
			chunkSize: 50,
			preserveIndividualStatusLines: false
		},

		// internal counters, etc.
		statusElement: new Morebits.Status(currentAction || 'Performing batch operation'),
		worker: null, // function that executes for each item in pageList
		postFinish: null, // function that executes when the whole batch has been processed
		countStarted: 0,
		countFinished: 0,
		countFinishedSuccess: 0,
		currentChunkIndex: -1,
		pageChunks: [],
		running: false
	};

	// shouldn't be needed by external users, but provided anyway for maximum flexibility
	this.getStatusElement = function() {
		return ctx.statusElement;
	};

	/**
	 * Sets the list of pages to work on.
	 *
	 * @param {Array} pageList - Array of objects over which you wish to execute the worker function
	 * This is usually the list of page names (strings).
	 */
	this.setPageList = function(pageList) {
		ctx.pageList = pageList;
	};

	/**
	 * Sets a known option.
	 *
	 * @param {string} optionName - Name of the option:
	 * - chunkSize (integer): The size of chunks to break the array into
	 * (default 50). Setting this to a small value (&lt;5) can cause problems.
	 * - preserveIndividualStatusLines (boolean): Keep each page's status
	 * element visible when worker is complete?
	 * @param {number|boolean} optionValue - Value to which the option is
	 * to be set. Should be an integer for chunkSize and a boolean for
	 * preserveIndividualStatusLines.
	 */
	this.setOption = function(optionName, optionValue) {
		ctx.options[optionName] = optionValue;
	};

	/**
	 * Runs the first callback for each page in the list.
	 * The callback must call workerSuccess when succeeding, or workerFailure when failing.
	 * Runs the optional second callback when the whole batch has been processed.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} worker
	 * @param {Function} [postFinish]
	 */
	this.run = function(worker, postFinish) {
		if (ctx.running) {
			ctx.statusElement.error('Batch operation is already running');
			return;
		}
		ctx.running = true;

		ctx.worker = worker;
		ctx.postFinish = postFinish;
		ctx.countStarted = 0;
		ctx.countFinished = 0;
		ctx.countFinishedSuccess = 0;
		ctx.currentChunkIndex = -1;
		ctx.pageChunks = [];

		const total = ctx.pageList.length;
		if (!total) {
			ctx.statusElement.info('no pages specified');
			ctx.running = false;
			if (ctx.postFinish) {
				ctx.postFinish();
			}
			return;
		}

		// chunk page list into more manageable units
		ctx.pageChunks = Morebits.array.chunk(ctx.pageList, ctx.options.chunkSize);

		// start the process
		Morebits.wiki.addCheckpoint();
		ctx.statusElement.status('0%');
		fnStartNewChunk();
	};

	/**
	 * To be called by worker before it terminates successfully.
	 *
	 * @param {(Morebits.wiki.Page|Morebits.wiki.Api|string)} arg -
	 * This should be the `Morebits.wiki.Page` or `Morebits.wiki.Api` object used by worker
	 * (for the adjustment of status lines emitted by them).
	 * If no Morebits.wiki.* object is used (e.g. you're using `mw.Api()` or something else), and
	 * `preserveIndividualStatusLines` option is on, give the page name (string) as argument.
	 */
	this.workerSuccess = function(arg) {

		if (arg instanceof Morebits.wiki.Api || arg instanceof Morebits.wiki.Page) {
			// update or remove status line
			const statelem = arg.getStatusElement();
			if (ctx.options.preserveIndividualStatusLines) {
				if (arg.getPageName || arg.pageName || (arg.query &amp;&amp; arg.query.title)) {
					// we know the page title - display a relevant message
					const pageName = arg.getPageName ? arg.getPageName() : arg.pageName || arg.query.title;
					statelem.info('completed ([[' + pageName + ']])');
				} else {
					// we don't know the page title - just display a generic message
					statelem.info('done');
				}
			} else {
				// remove the status line automatically produced by Morebits.wiki.*
				statelem.unlink();
			}

		} else if (typeof arg === 'string' &amp;&amp; ctx.options.preserveIndividualStatusLines) {
			new Morebits.Status(arg, 'completed ([[' + arg + ']])');
		}

		ctx.countFinishedSuccess++;
		fnDoneOne();
	};

	this.workerFailure = function() {
		fnDoneOne();
	};

	// private functions

	const thisProxy = this;

	var fnStartNewChunk = function() {
		const chunk = ctx.pageChunks[++ctx.currentChunkIndex];
		if (!chunk) {
			return; // done! yay
		}

		// start workers for the current chunk
		ctx.countStarted += chunk.length;
		chunk.forEach((page) =&gt; {
			ctx.worker(page, thisProxy);
		});
	};

	var fnDoneOne = function() {
		ctx.countFinished++;

		// update overall status line
		const total = ctx.pageList.length;
		if (ctx.countFinished &lt; total) {
			const progress = Math.round(100 * ctx.countFinished / total);
			ctx.statusElement.status(progress + '%');

			// start a new chunk if we're close enough to the end of the previous chunk, and
			// we haven't already started the next one
			if (ctx.countFinished &gt;= (ctx.countStarted - Math.max(ctx.options.chunkSize / 10, 2)) &amp;&amp;
				Math.floor(ctx.countFinished / ctx.options.chunkSize) &gt; ctx.currentChunkIndex) {
				fnStartNewChunk();
			}
		} else if (ctx.countFinished === total) {
			const statusString = 'Done (' + ctx.countFinishedSuccess + '/' + ctx.countFinished + ' actions completed successfully)';
			if (ctx.countFinishedSuccess &lt; ctx.countFinished) {
				ctx.statusElement.warn(statusString);
			} else {
				ctx.statusElement.info(statusString);
			}
			if (ctx.postFinish) {
				ctx.postFinish();
			}
			Morebits.wiki.removeCheckpoint();
			ctx.running = false;
		} else {
			// ctx.countFinished &gt; total
			// just for giggles! (well, serious debugging, actually)
			ctx.statusElement.warn('Done (overshot by ' + (ctx.countFinished - total) + ')');
			Morebits.wiki.removeCheckpoint();
			ctx.running = false;
		}
	};
};

/**
 * Given a set of asynchronous functions to run along with their dependencies,
 * run them in an efficient sequence so that multiple functions
 * that don't depend on each other are triggered simultaneously. Where
 * dependencies exist, it ensures that the dependency functions finish running
 * before the dependent function runs. The values resolved by the dependencies
 * are made available to the dependant as arguments.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 */
Morebits.TaskManager = function(context) {
	this.taskDependencyMap = new Map();
	this.failureCallbackMap = new Map();
	this.deferreds = new Map();
	this.context = context || window;

	/**
	 * Register a task along with its dependencies (tasks which should have finished
	 * execution before we can begin this one). Each task is a function that must return
	 * a promise. The function will get the values resolved by the dependency functions
	 * as arguments.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} func - A task.
	 * @param {Function[]} deps - Its dependencies.
	 * @param {Function} [onFailure] - a failure callback that's run if the task or any one
	 * of its dependencies fail.
	 */
	this.add = function(func, deps, onFailure) {
		this.taskDependencyMap.set(func, deps);
		this.failureCallbackMap.set(func, onFailure || (() =&gt; {}));
		const deferred = $.Deferred();
		this.deferreds.set(func, deferred);
	};

	/**
	 * Run all the tasks. Multiple tasks may be run at once.
	 *
	 * @return {jQuery.Promise} - Resolved if all tasks succeed, rejected otherwise.
	 */
	this.execute = function() {
		const self = this; // proxy for `this` for use inside functions where `this` is something else
		this.taskDependencyMap.forEach((deps, task) =&gt; {
			const dependencyPromisesArray = deps.map((dep) =&gt; self.deferreds.get(dep));
			$.when.apply(self.context, dependencyPromisesArray).then(function() {
				const result = task.apply(self.context, arguments);
				if (result === undefined) { // maybe the function threw, or it didn't return anything
					mw.log.error('Morebits.TaskManager: task returned undefined');
					self.deferreds.get(task).reject.apply(self.context, arguments);
					self.failureCallbackMap.get(task).apply(self.context, []);
				}
				result.then(function() {
					self.deferreds.get(task).resolve.apply(self.context, arguments);
				}, function() { // task failed
					self.deferreds.get(task).reject.apply(self.context, arguments);
					self.failureCallbackMap.get(task).apply(self.context, arguments);
				});
			}, function() { // one or more of the dependencies failed
				self.failureCallbackMap.get(task).apply(self.context, arguments);
			});
		});
		return $.when.apply(null, [...this.deferreds.values()]); // resolved when everything is done!
	};

};

/**
 * A simple draggable window. No longer uses jQuery UI.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits
 * @class
 * @param {number} width
 * @param {number} height - The maximum allowable height for the content area.
 */
Morebits.SimpleWindow = function SimpleWindow(width, height) {
	const $dialog = $('&lt;div&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog').attr('role', 'dialog').attr('tabindex', -1);

	const $titleBar = $('&lt;div&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog-titlebar').append(
		$('&lt;span&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog-title'),
		$('&lt;button&gt;')
			.addClass('morebits-dialog-close')
			.text('\u00D7')
			.on('click', () =&gt; this.close())
	);

	const $content = $('&lt;div&gt;')
		.addClass('morebits-dialog-content')
		.attr('id', 'morebits-dialog-content-' + Math.round(Math.random() * 1e15));

	const $buttonPane = $('&lt;div&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog-buttonpane').append(
		$('&lt;span&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog-buttons'),
		$('&lt;span&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog-footerlinks')
	);

	const $resizer = $('&lt;div&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog-resizer');

	$dialog.append($titleBar, $content, $buttonPane, $resizer)
		.css('width', Math.min(parseInt(width || 800, 10), $(window).width()))
		.css('height', 'auto')
		.css('max-height', height + 20)
		.css('top', Math.max(0, window.scrollY + $(window).height() / 2 - (height + 20) / 2)) // Centre it (assume max height)
		.css('left', Math.max(0, window.scrollX + $(window).width() / 2 - $dialog.width() / 2)); // Centre it

	$dialog.on('focus', () =&gt; this.focus()).on('keydown', (e) =&gt; {
		if (e.key === 'Escape') {
			this.close();
		}
	});

	// Make dialog draggable and resizable
	let isDragging = false, isResizing = false, initialX, initialY, initialWidth, initialHeight;
	$titleBar.on('mousedown', (e) =&gt; {
		isDragging = true;
		initialX = e.clientX - $dialog.offset().left;
		initialY = e.clientY - $dialog.offset().top;
	});
	$resizer.on('mousedown', (e) =&gt; {
		isResizing = true;
		$dialog.css('height', $dialog.height());
		$dialog.css('max-height', 'none');

		initialWidth = $dialog.width();
		initialHeight = $dialog.height();
		initialX = e.clientX;
		initialY = e.clientY;
	});

	$(document).on('mousemove', (e) =&gt; {
		if (isDragging) {
			$dialog.css('left', Math.max(0, e.clientX - initialX))
				.css('top', Math.max(0, e.clientY - initialY));
		} else if (isResizing) {
			$dialog.css('width', initialWidth + (e.clientX - initialX))
				.css('height', initialHeight + (e.clientY - initialY));
		}
	}).on('mouseup', () =&gt; {
		isDragging = false;
		isResizing = false;
	});

	this.$dialog = $dialog;
	this.content = $content[0];
	this.height = height;
};

Morebits.SimpleWindow.prototype = {
	buttons: [],
	height: 600,
	hasFooterLinks: false,
	scriptName: null,

	/**
	 * Bring a dialog to the top, when there are other overlapping dialogs open.
	 *
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	focus: function() {
		if (!this.$dialog.hasClass('morebits-dialog-modal')) {
			$('.morebits-dialog:not(.morebits-dialog-modal)').get()
				.filter((dialog) =&gt; dialog !== this.$dialog[0])
				.concat(this.$dialog[0])
				.forEach((dialog, idx) =&gt; {
					dialog.style.zIndex = 501 + idx;
				});
		}
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Closes the dialog. If this is set as an event handler, it will stop the event
	 * from doing anything more.
	 *
	 * @param {event} [event]
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	close: function(event) {
		if (event) {
			event.preventDefault();
		}
		this.setModality(false);
		this.$dialog.remove();
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Shows the dialog. Calling display() on a dialog that has previously been closed
	 * might work, but it is not guaranteed.
	 *
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	display: function() {
		if (this.scriptName) {
			const $titleBar = this.$dialog.find('.morebits-dialog-title');
			$titleBar.find('.morebits-dialog-scriptname').remove();
			$titleBar.prepend($('&lt;span&gt;')
				.addClass('morebits-dialog-scriptname')
				.text(this.scriptName + ' \u00B7 ') // U+00B7 MIDDLE DOT = &amp;middot;
			);
		}
		if (this.$dialog.find('.morebits-scrollbox').length) {
			// quickform needs some extra CSS if it happens to contain a scrollbox.
			// CSS :has() selector can be used in the future which is easier and more reliable.
			this.$dialog.find('.quickform').addClass('has-scrollbox');
		}
		this.$dialog.appendTo(document.body);
		// Put focus on the first form element in the dialog, or on dialog itself.
		const $firstField = this.$dialog.find('input, select, textarea').first();
		const $firstFieldOrDialog = $firstField.length ? $firstField : this.$dialog;
		$firstFieldOrDialog.trigger('focus');
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Sets the dialog title.
	 *
	 * @param {string} title
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	setTitle: function(title) {
		this.$dialog.find('.morebits-dialog-title').text(title);
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Sets the script name, appearing as a prefix to the title to help users determine which
	 * user script is producing which dialog. For instance, Twinkle modules set this to &quot;Twinkle&quot;.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	setScriptName: function(name) {
		this.scriptName = name;
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Sets the dialog width.
	 *
	 * @param {number} width
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	setWidth: function(width) {
		this.$dialog.css('width', width + 'px');
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Sets the dialog's maximum height. The dialog will auto-size to fit its contents.
	 *
	 * @param {number} height
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	setHeight: function(height) {
		this.$dialog.css('height', 'auto');
		this.$dialog.css('max-height', (height + 20) + 'px');
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Sets the content of the dialog to the given element node, usually from rendering
	 * a {@link Morebits.QuickForm}.
	 * Re-enumerates the footer buttons, but leaves the footer links as they are.
	 * Be sure to call this at least once before the dialog is displayed...
	 *
	 * @param {HTMLElement} content
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	setContent: function(content) {
		this.purgeContent();
		this.addContent(content);
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Adds the given element node to the dialog content.
	 *
	 * @param {HTMLElement} content
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	addContent: function(content) {
		this.content.appendChild(content);

		// look for submit buttons in the content, hide them, and add a proxy button to the button pane
		$(this.content).find('input[type=&quot;submit&quot;], button[type=&quot;submit&quot;]').get().forEach((node) =&gt; {
			node.style.display = 'none';
			const button = document.createElement('button');
			button.textContent = node.getAttribute('value') || node.textContent || 'Submit';
			button.className = node.className || 'submitButtonProxy';
			button.addEventListener('click', () =&gt; node.click(), false);
			this.buttons.push(button);
		});

		// remove all buttons from the button pane and re-add them
		this.$dialog.find('.morebits-dialog-buttons')
			.empty()
			.append(...this.buttons)
			// Set data-empty attribute only if there are no buttons. Used by CSS.
			.attr('data-empty', this.buttons.length ? null : 'data-empty');
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Removes all contents from the dialog, barring any footer links.
	 *
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	purgeContent: function() {
		this.buttons = [];
		// delete all buttons in the buttonpane
		this.$dialog.find('.morebits-dialog-buttons').empty();
		$(this.content).empty();
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Adds a link in the bottom-right corner of the dialog.
	 * This can be used to provide help or policy links.
	 * For example, Twinkle's CSD module adds a link to the CSD policy page,
	 * as well as a link to Twinkle's documentation.
	 *
	 * @param {string} text - Display text.
	 * @param {string} wikiPage - Link target.
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	addFooterLink: function(text, wikiPage) {
		const $footerlinks = this.$dialog.find('.morebits-dialog-footerlinks');
		if (this.hasFooterLinks) {
			const bullet = document.createElement('span');
			bullet.textContent = ' \u2022 '; // U+2022 BULLET
			$footerlinks.append(bullet);
		}
		const link = document.createElement('a');
		link.setAttribute('href', mw.util.getUrl(wikiPage));
		link.setAttribute('title', wikiPage);
		link.setAttribute('target', '_blank');
		link.textContent = text;
		$footerlinks.append(link);
		this.hasFooterLinks = true;
		return this;
	},

	/**
	 * Sets whether the window should be modal or not. Modal dialogs create
	 * an overlay below the dialog but above other page elements. This
	 * must be used (if necessary) before calling display().
	 *
	 * @param {boolean} [modal=false] - If set to true, other items on the
	 * page will be disabled, i.e., cannot be interacted with.
	 * @return {Morebits.SimpleWindow}
	 */
	setModality: function(modal) {
		if (modal) {
			$('&lt;div&gt;').addClass('morebits-dialog-overlay').appendTo(document.body);
			this.$dialog.addClass('morebits-dialog-modal');
		} else {
			$('.morebits-dialog-overlay').remove();
			this.$dialog.removeClass('morebits-dialog-modal');
		}
		return this;
	}
};

/**
 * Enables or disables all footer buttons on all {@link Morebits.SimpleWindow}s in the current page.
 * This should be called with `false` when the button(s) become irrelevant (e.g. just before
 * {@link Morebits.Status.init} is called).
 * This is not an instance method so that consumers don't have to keep a reference to the
 * original `Morebits.SimpleWindow` object sitting around somewhere. Anyway, most of the time
 * there will only be one `Morebits.SimpleWindow` open, so this shouldn't matter.
 *
 * @memberof Morebits.SimpleWindow
 * @param {boolean} enabled
 */
Morebits.SimpleWindow.setButtonsEnabled = function(enabled) {
	$('.morebits-dialog-buttons button').prop('disabled', !enabled);
};

// Deprecated class name aliases in camelCase. Please use the PascalCase names instead.
Morebits.batchOperation = Morebits.BatchOperation;
Morebits.date = Morebits.Date;
Morebits.quickForm = Morebits.QuickForm;
Morebits.quickForm.element = Morebits.QuickForm.Element;
Morebits.simpleWindow = Morebits.SimpleWindow;
Morebits.status = Morebits.Status;
Morebits.taskManager = Morebits.TaskManager;
Morebits.unbinder = Morebits.Unbinder;
Morebits.userspaceLogger = Morebits.UserspaceLogger;
Morebits.wiki.api = Morebits.wiki.Api;
Morebits.wiki.page = Morebits.wiki.Page;
Morebits.wiki.preview = Morebits.wiki.Preview;
Morebits.wikitext.page = Morebits.wikitext.Page;

}());

/**
 * If this script is being executed outside a ResourceLoader context, we add some
 * global assignments for legacy scripts, hopefully these can be removed down the line.
 *
 * IMPORTANT NOTE:
 * PLEASE DO NOT USE THESE ALIASES IN NEW CODE!
 * Thanks.
 */

if (typeof arguments === 'undefined') { // typeof is here for a reason...
	/* global Morebits */
	window.SimpleWindow = Morebits.SimpleWindow;
	window.QuickForm = Morebits.QuickForm;
	window.Wikipedia = Morebits.wiki;
	window.Status = Morebits.Status;
}

// &lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>b9v3vpgcte5dzvwqiyzs9nk24upyt4t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/Gadget/Gadget-morebits.css</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>1358177</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290828</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:16:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rûpel bi &quot;/**  * morebits.css  * ===========  * Styles to support morebits.js.  *  * The morebits library is maintained by the maintainers of Twinkle.  * For queries, suggestions, help, etc., head to [[WT:TW]].  * The latest development source is available at [https://github.com/wikimedia-gadgets/twinkle/blob/master/morebits.css].  */  /* Define CSS variables */ html { 	--morebits-color-status-status: #4682b4; 	--morebits-color-legend: #31628f; 	--morebits-color-tooltip: #00...&quot; hat çêkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290828</origin>
      <model>css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="9061" sha1="o9jmp275nriv5rhor11wh1ba5n0wo8a" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * morebits.css
 * ===========
 * Styles to support morebits.js.
 *
 * The morebits library is maintained by the maintainers of Twinkle.
 * For queries, suggestions, help, etc., head to [[WT:TW]].
 * The latest development source is available at [https://github.com/wikimedia-gadgets/twinkle/blob/master/morebits.css].
 */

/* Define CSS variables */
html {
	--morebits-color-status-status: #4682b4;
	--morebits-color-legend: #31628f;
	--morebits-color-tooltip: #0000cd;
	--morebits-color-info: #228b22;
	--morebits-color-warning: #ff4500;
	--morebits-color-titlebar-links: #3062ad;
	--morebits-bgcolor-dialog: #f0f8ff;
	--morebits-bgcolor-titlebar: #bccadf;
}

@media screen {
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night {
		--morebits-color-status-status: #a6c4de;
		--morebits-color-legend: #6b9dcc;
		--morebits-color-tooltip: #7a7aff;
		--morebits-color-info: #6bdb6b;
		--morebits-color-warning: #ff6d38;
		--morebits-color-titlebar-links: #8baddf;
		--morebits-bgcolor-dialog: #141c26;
		--morebits-bgcolor-titlebar: #1c2a52;
	}
}

/* stylelint-disable-next-line plugin/no-unsupported-browser-features */
@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os {
		--morebits-color-status-status: #a6c4de;
		--morebits-color-legend: #6b9dcc;
		--morebits-color-tooltip: #7a7aff;
		--morebits-color-info: #6bdb6b;
		--morebits-color-warning: #ff6d38;
		--morebits-color-titlebar-links: #8baddf;
		--morebits-bgcolor-dialog: #141c26;
		--morebits-bgcolor-titlebar: #1c2a52;
	}
}

/* Morebits.Status */

.morebits_status_status {
	color: var(--morebits-color-status-status);
}

.morebits_status_info {
	color: var(--morebits-color-info);
}

.morebits_status_warn {
	color: var(--morebits-color-warning);
}

.morebits_status_error {
	color: var(--morebits-color-warning);
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Morebits.QuickForm */

form.quickform {
	box-sizing: border-box;
	width: 98%;
	height: 100%;
	min-height: 0;
	margin: 0 auto;
	padding: 0.5em;
	color: var(--color-base, #202122);
}

/* use flex layout for quickform to make the scrollbox resize with
   the dialog, and to keep it from obscuring elements below it */
form.quickform.has-scrollbox {
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
}

form.quickform * {
	font-family: sans-serif;
}

form.quickform fieldset {
	margin: 0.4em 0 1em;
}

form.quickform legend {
	color: var(--morebits-color-legend);
	font-weight: bold;
}

form.quickform input[type=text],
form.quickform select {
	min-width: 15em;
	font-size: 110%;
}

form.quickform select {
	/* stylelint-disable-next-line color-named */ /* FIXME */
	border: 1px solid gray;
	margin-left: 0.2em;
}

form.quickform input[type=checkbox],
form.quickform input[type=radio] {
	height: 13px;
	margin-top: 2px;
	margin-right: 2px;
	margin-bottom: 2px;
	padding: 0;
	width: 13px;
	vertical-align: top;
}

form.quickform div {
	/* stylelint-disable-next-line declaration-property-unit-disallowed-list */ /* FIXME */
	line-height: 18px;
}

form.quickform h5 {
	margin: 0.5em 0 0;
	padding: 0.3em 0.2em 0.2em;
	font-size: 108%; /* 100% is 12px =&gt; 108% is 12.96px */
}

/* only give the top border to headers with something above them */
form.quickform div + h5,
form.quickform h5 + h5,
form.quickform div + div &gt; h5 {
	border-top: 1px solid #88a;
}

form.quickform textarea {
	width: 100%;
	height: 4em;
	font-size: 150%;
}

form.quickform input:disabled + label {
	color: var(--color-disabled, #72777d);
}

form.quickform span.quickformDescription {
	font-style: italic;
}

form.quickform span.quickformDescription code {
	font-style: normal;
	font-family: monospace;
}

form.quickform .quickformSubgroup {
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
	margin-left: 3em;
}

/* The tooltip button and the content itself */
form.quickform .morebits-tooltipButton {
	color: var(--morebits-color-tooltip);
	font-weight: bold;
	cursor: help;
	padding: 0.3em;
}

.morebits-ui-tooltip {
	position: absolute;
	z-index: 1005;
	padding: 4px 6px 4px 6px;
	max-width: 300px;
	transition: opacity 600ms ease;
	opacity: 0;
	visibility: hidden;
	pointer-events: none;
	/* stylelint-disable-next-line declaration-property-unit-disallowed-list */ /* FIXME */
	font-size: 13px;
	background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);
	border: 2px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2ab91);
	box-shadow: 0 0 5px #a2ab91;
}

.morebits-ui-tooltip.visible {
	opacity: 1;
	visibility: visible;
}

/* Scrollbox styles, for use within Morebits.SimpleWindow */

div.morebits-scrollbox {
	background: var(--background-color-base, #fff);
	/* stylelint-disable-next-line color-named */ /* FIXME */
	border: 1px solid gray;
	margin-bottom: 0.6em;
	margin-top: 0.6em;
	height: auto;
	flex-grow: 1;
	min-height: 0;
	overflow: auto;
	padding: 6px 6px 0;
}

div.morebits-scrollbox &gt; h5:first-child {
	border: 0;
	margin-top: 0;
	padding-top: 0;
}

div.morebits-scrollbox &gt; :last-child {
	margin-bottom: 6px;
}

/* Previewbox */

div.morebits-previewbox {
	border: 2px inset;
	margin: 0.4em auto 0.2em;
	padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
}

div.morebits-usertext {
	border: 1px solid #a2a9b1;
	background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);
	padding: 5px;
	font-size: 95%;
}

/* Morebits.SimpleWindow */

.morebits-dialog {
	padding: 0.2em;
	border: 1px #666 solid;
	font-family: sans-serif;
	background-color: var(--morebits-bgcolor-dialog);
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
	position: absolute;
	overflow: hidden;
	min-width: 150px;
	min-height: 150px;
	/* z-index will be adjusted upwards by JS if there are multiple dialogs open and a dialog gets clicked on. */
	z-index: 500;
	/* top, left, width, height, and max-height are set via JS. */
}

.morebits-dialog-resizer {
	position: absolute;
	right: -5px;
	bottom: -5px;
	height: 20px;
	width: 20px;
	cursor: se-resize;
	background-image: url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz4KPHN2ZyB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTYgMTYiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyI+Cgk8ZyBzdHJva2U9IiM3MmE3Y2UiPgoJCTxwYXRoIGQ9Im0wIDEwTDEwIDAiLz4KCQk8cGF0aCBkPSJtNCAxMEwxMCA0Ii8+CgkJPHBhdGggZD0ibTggMTBMMTAgOCIvPgoJPC9nPgo8L3N2Zz4K);
}

/* px translations in comments are w.r.t standard browser settings,
   in other settings, the sizes would be scaled accordingly */
.skin-vector .morebits-dialog {
	font-size: 75%; /* 100% is 16px =&gt; 75% is 12px */
}

.skin-timeless .morebits-dialog {
	font-size: 79%; /* 100% is 15.2px =&gt; 79% is 12.008px */
}

.skin-monobook .morebits-dialog,
.skin-modern .morebits-dialog {
	font-size: 120%; /* 100% is 10px =&gt; 120% is 12px */
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-titlebar {
	height: 1em;
	min-height: 1em;
	background-color: var(--morebits-bgcolor-titlebar);
	font: bold 108% sans-serif; /* 100% is 12px (from above) =&gt; 108% is 12.96px */
	overflow: hidden;
	padding: 0.4em 0.3em 0.5em;
	white-space: nowrap;
	display: flex; /* needed so that align-items can be used */
	align-items: center; /* to vertically center the close button */
	cursor: move;
	position: relative; /* so that the close button can be positioned relative to titlebar */
}

.morebits-dialog-scriptname {
	font-weight: normal;
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-close {
	position: absolute;
	right: 0;
	background-color: transparent;
	border: 0;
	font-size: 1.2em;
	font-weight: bold;
	padding: 5px 10px;
	cursor: pointer;
	border-radius: 50%;
	transition: background-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-close:hover {
	background-color: #eee;
	color: #000;
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-close span {
	margin: 0.33em;
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-content {
	padding: 0;
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
	box-sizing: border-box;
	height: 100%;
	flex-grow: 1;
	overflow-y: auto;
	min-height: 0;
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-buttonpane {
	background-color: var(--morebits-bgcolor-titlebar);
	margin: auto 0 0;
	padding: 0.3em 1.4em 0.5em 1.2em;
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-buttonpane button {
	margin-top: 0.2em;
}

.morebits-dialog-buttons {
	font-size: 108%; /* 100% is 12px =&gt; 108% is 12.96px */
}

.morebits-dialog-footerlinks {
	font-size: 97%; /* 100% is 12px (from above) =&gt; 97% is 11.64px */
	float: right;
	margin: 0.7em 0.4em 0 0;
}

.morebits-dialog .morebits-dialog-footerlinks a {
	color: var(--morebits-color-titlebar-links);
}

.morebits-dialog-buttons[data-empty] + .morebits-dialog-footerlinks {
	margin: 0.1em 0.4em -0.2em 0;
}

.morebits-dialog-overlay {
	position: fixed;
	top: 0;
	left: 0;
	width: 100%;
	height: 100%;
	background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); /* Semi-transparent black */
	z-index: 700; /* Higher than morebits-dialog but lesser than morebits-dialog-modal */
}

.morebits-dialog.morebits-dialog-modal {
	z-index: 701;
}

/* Override select2 silliness */
.select2-morebits,
.select2-morebits .select2-results,
.select2-morebits .select2-results__option[aria-selected=true],
.select2-morebits .select2-selection__rendered,
.select2-morebits .select2-selection--multiple,
.select2-morebits .select2-selection__choice {
	background: var(--background-color-base, #fff) !important;
	color: inherit !important;
}</text>
      <sha1>o9jmp275nriv5rhor11wh1ba5n0wo8a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/templateParamRenamer.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>1358178</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290830</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:24:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rûpel bi &quot;/**  * templateParamRenamer.js  *  * General-purpose helper for renaming template names and parameters in  * wikitext, driven by a JSON config of the shape:  *  * {  *   &quot;templates&quot;: { &quot;oldName&quot;: &quot;newName&quot;, ... },  *   &quot;basic_params&quot;: { &quot;old-param&quot;: &quot;new-param&quot;, ... },  *   &quot;numbered_params&quot;: { &quot;^regex(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;replacement$1&quot;, ... }  * }  *  * Requires morebits.js to be loaded first (uses Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate).  *  * Usage in another script:  *   var ne...&quot; hat çêkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290830</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="6833" sha1="hv866akvh0jdsibvt4xl60k81zaihdn" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * templateParamRenamer.js
 *
 * General-purpose helper for renaming template names and parameters in
 * wikitext, driven by a JSON config of the shape:
 *
 * {
 *   &quot;templates&quot;: { &quot;oldName&quot;: &quot;newName&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;basic_params&quot;: { &quot;old-param&quot;: &quot;new-param&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;numbered_params&quot;: { &quot;^regex(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;replacement$1&quot;, ... }
 * }
 *
 * Requires morebits.js to be loaded first (uses Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate).
 *
 * Usage in another script:
 *   var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename(oldText, config);
 */

/* global mw, Morebits */
window.TemplateParamRenamer = {};

( function () {
'use strict';

/**
 * Finds the index right after the closing &quot;}}&quot; of a template that starts
 * at `startIndex` (which must point at the opening &quot;{{&quot;). Correctly skips
 * over nested templates, [[wikilinks]], and {{{parameters}}}, using the
 * same brace-tracking approach as Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate.
 *
 * @param {string} text
 * @param {number} startIndex - Index of the opening '{{'.
 * @return {number} Index just after the matching '}}', or -1 if unbalanced.
 */
function findTemplateEnd( text, startIndex ) {
	var level = [];
	for ( var i = startIndex; i &lt; text.length; ++i ) {
		var three = text.substr( i, 3 );
		if ( three === '{{{' || ( three === '}}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 3 ) ) {
			level[ three === '{{{' ? 'push' : 'pop' ]( 3 );
			i += 2;
			continue;
		}
		var two = text.substr( i, 2 );
		if ( two === '{{' || two === '[[' ) {
			level.push( two === '{{' ? 2 : 'wl' );
			i += 1;
			continue;
		}
		if ( ( two === '}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 2 ) ||
			( two === ']]' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 'wl' ) ) {
			level.pop();
			i += 1;
			if ( level.length === 0 ) {
				return i + 1; // right after the closing braces
			}
			continue;
		}
	}
	return -1; // unbalanced — caller should skip this match rather than corrupt the page
}

/**
 * Serializes a {name, parameters} object back into wikitext.
 * Purely-numeric keys are written unnamed (&quot;value&quot;), everything else as
 * &quot;key=value&quot;. `orderedKeys` should reflect the desired output order.
 *
 * NOTE: JS objects always list integer-like keys (e.g. &quot;1&quot;, &quot;2&quot;) in
 * ascending order before any string keys, regardless of insertion order.
 * This is a quirk inherited from Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate()'s
 * return value, not something introduced here. In practice this only
 * matters for templates that mix unnamed and named parameters in an
 * unusual order — citation templates like quote-web/quote-book/
 * quote-journal are all-named, so it won't affect them.
 */
function serializeTemplate( name, parameters, orderedKeys ) {
	var keys = orderedKeys || Object.keys( parameters );
	var parts = keys.map( function ( key ) {
		return /^\d+$/.test( key ) ? parameters[ key ] : key + '=' + parameters[ key ];
	} );
	return '{{' + name + ( parts.length ? '|' + parts.join( '|' ) : '' ) + '}}';
}

/**
 * Applies the templates/basic_params/numbered_params renames to a single
 * already-parsed template. Exposed publicly so other scripts can use it
 * on templates they've located themselves.
 *
 * @param {Object} parsed - Result of Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate().
 * @param {Object} config - {templates, basic_params, numbered_params}.
 * @return {Object|null} {name, parameters, orderedKeys}, or null if this
 * template's name isn't one of config.templates' keys.
 */
function renameOne( parsed, config ) {
	var templates = config.templates || {};
	var basicParams = config.basic_params || {};
	var numberedParams = config.numbered_params || {};

	var originalName = parsed.name.trim();
	var newName = null;
	Object.keys( templates ).forEach( function ( key ) {
		if ( key.toLowerCase() === originalName.toLowerCase() ) {
			newName = templates[ key ];
		}
	} );
	if ( newName === null ) {
		return null; // not a template this config cares about
	}

	var numberedRegexes = Object.keys( numberedParams ).map( function ( pattern ) {
		return { re: new RegExp( pattern ), replacement: numberedParams[ pattern ] };
	} );

	var newParameters = {};
	var orderedKeys = [];
	Object.keys( parsed.parameters ).forEach( function ( oldKey ) {
		var newKey = oldKey;

		if ( basicParams.hasOwnProperty( oldKey ) ) {
			newKey = basicParams[ oldKey ];
		} else {
			for ( var i = 0; i &lt; numberedRegexes.length; i++ ) {
				var m = numberedRegexes[ i ].re.exec( oldKey );
				if ( m ) {
					newKey = numberedRegexes[ i ].replacement.replace( /\$(\d+)/g, function ( _, n ) {
						return m[ parseInt( n, 10 ) ] || '';
					} );
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		newParameters[ newKey ] = parsed.parameters[ oldKey ];
		orderedKeys.push( newKey );
	} );

	return { name: newName, parameters: newParameters, orderedKeys: orderedKeys };
}

/**
 * Scans `text` for every top-level occurrence of a template named in
 * config.templates, and renames its name + parameters in place.
 * Templates not listed in config.templates are left untouched.
 *
 * @param {string} text - Wikitext to process.
 * @param {Object} config - {templates, basic_params, numbered_params}.
 * @return {string} The modified wikitext (same as input if nothing matched).
 */
function rename( text, config ) {
	var templateNames = Object.keys( config.templates || {} );
	if ( !templateNames.length ) {
		return text;
	}

	var namePattern = templateNames
		.map( function ( n ) { return mw.util.escapeRegExp( n ); } )
		.join( '|' );
	// Matches &quot;{{&quot;, optional &quot;Template:&quot; prefix/whitespace, one of the
	// configured names, followed by &quot;|&quot;, &quot;}&quot; or whitespace (so &quot;quote-web&quot;
	// doesn't accidentally match &quot;quote-web2&quot;).
	var findRe = new RegExp(
		'\\{\\{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?\\s*(?:' + namePattern + ')\\s*(?=[|}\\s])',
		'gi'
	);

	var matches = [];
	var m;
	while ( ( m = findRe.exec( text ) ) !== null ) {
		var openBraceIndex = m.index;
		var end = findTemplateEnd( text, openBraceIndex );
		if ( end === -1 ) {
			continue; // unbalanced braces — skip rather than risk corrupting the page
		}
		matches.push( { start: openBraceIndex, end: end } );
		findRe.lastIndex = end; // don't rescan inside what we just matched
	}

	// Apply replacements back-to-front so earlier offsets stay valid
	for ( var i = matches.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- ) {
		var span = matches[ i ];
		var raw = text.substring( span.start, span.end );
		var parsed = Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate( raw, 0 );
		var renamed = renameOne( parsed, config );
		if ( !renamed ) {
			continue;
		}
		var replacement = serializeTemplate( renamed.name, renamed.parameters, renamed.orderedKeys );
		text = text.substring( 0, span.start ) + replacement + text.substring( span.end );
	}

	return text;
}

window.TemplateParamRenamer.rename = rename;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.renameOne = renameOne;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.findTemplateEnd = findTemplateEnd; // exposed for advanced use

}() );</text>
      <sha1>hv866akvh0jdsibvt4xl60k81zaihdn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290837</id>
      <parentid>6290830</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:44:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290837</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="6368" sha1="5neo8ri2dmpmrlm9m392v1r3hm7fd8d" xml:space="preserve">/**&lt;nowiki&gt;
 * templateParamRenamer.js
 *
 * General-purpose helper for renaming template names and parameters in
 * wikitext, driven by a JSON config of the shape:
 *
 * {
 *   &quot;templates&quot;: { &quot;oldName&quot;: &quot;newName&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;basic_params&quot;: { &quot;old-param&quot;: &quot;new-param&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;numbered_params&quot;: { &quot;^regex(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;replacement$1&quot;, ... }
 * }
 *
 * Templates are matched by EITHER their old (source) name OR their new
 * (target) name — so param fixes still apply to templates that have
 * already been renamed in an earlier pass, without needing an identity
 * entry in config.templates.
 *
 * Requires morebits.js to be loaded first (uses Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate).
 *
 * Usage in another script:
 *   var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( oldText, config );
 */

/* global mw, Morebits */
window.TemplateParamRenamer = {};

( function () {
'use strict';

function findTemplateEnd( text, startIndex ) {
	var level = [];
	for ( var i = startIndex; i &lt; text.length; ++i ) {
		var three = text.substr( i, 3 );
		if ( three === '{{{' || ( three === '}}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 3 ) ) {
			level[ three === '{{{' ? 'push' : 'pop' ]( 3 );
			i += 2;
			continue;
		}
		var two = text.substr( i, 2 );
		if ( two === '{{' || two === '[[' ) {
			level.push( two === '{{' ? 2 : 'wl' );
			i += 1;
			continue;
		}
		if ( ( two === '}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 2 ) ||
			( two === ']]' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 'wl' ) ) {
			level.pop();
			i += 1;
			if ( level.length === 0 ) {
				return i + 1;
			}
			continue;
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

function serializeTemplate( name, parameters, orderedKeys ) {
	var keys = orderedKeys || Object.keys( parameters );
	var parts = keys.map( function ( key ) {
		return /^\d+$/.test( key ) ? parameters[ key ] : key + '=' + parameters[ key ];
	} );
	return '{{' + name + ( parts.length ? '|' + parts.join( '|' ) : '' ) + '}}';
}

/**
 * Applies the templates/basic_params/numbered_params renames to a single
 * already-parsed template.
 *
 * The template is eligible for parameter processing if its current name
 * matches EITHER a source key OR a target value in config.templates
 * (case-insensitively). This lets the script fix parameters on templates
 * that have already had their name converted in a previous pass.
 *
 * @param {Object} parsed - Result of Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate().
 * @param {Object} config - {templates, basic_params, numbered_params}.
 * @return {Object|null} {name, parameters, orderedKeys}, or null if this
 * template isn't recognized by this config at all.
 */
function renameOne( parsed, config ) {
	var templates = config.templates || {};
	var basicParams = config.basic_params || {};
	var numberedParams = config.numbered_params || {};

	var originalName = parsed.name.trim();
	var newName = null;

	// 1. Is this a known source (old/English) name? -&gt; rename it.
	Object.keys( templates ).forEach( function ( key ) {
		if ( key.toLowerCase() === originalName.toLowerCase() ) {
			newName = templates[ key ];
		}
	} );

	// 2. Otherwise, is it already using a known target (new) name?
	//    -&gt; keep the name as-is, but still process its parameters.
	if ( newName === null ) {
		var alreadyRenamed = Object.keys( templates ).some( function ( key ) {
			return templates[ key ].toLowerCase() === originalName.toLowerCase();
		} );
		if ( alreadyRenamed ) {
			newName = originalName;
		}
	}

	if ( newName === null ) {
		return null; // not a template this config cares about, at all
	}

	var numberedRegexes = Object.keys( numberedParams ).map( function ( pattern ) {
		return { re: new RegExp( pattern ), replacement: numberedParams[ pattern ] };
	} );

	var newParameters = {};
	var orderedKeys = [];
	Object.keys( parsed.parameters ).forEach( function ( oldKey ) {
		var newKey = oldKey;

		if ( basicParams.hasOwnProperty( oldKey ) ) {
			newKey = basicParams[ oldKey ];
		} else {
			for ( var i = 0; i &lt; numberedRegexes.length; i++ ) {
				var m = numberedRegexes[ i ].re.exec( oldKey );
				if ( m ) {
					newKey = numberedRegexes[ i ].replacement.replace( /\$(\d+)/g, function ( _, n ) {
						return m[ parseInt( n, 10 ) ] || '';
					} );
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		newParameters[ newKey ] = parsed.parameters[ oldKey ];
		orderedKeys.push( newKey );
	} );

	return { name: newName, parameters: newParameters, orderedKeys: orderedKeys };
}

/**
 * Scans `text` for every top-level occurrence of a template that this
 * config recognizes — by either its source or target name — and renames
 * its name (if needed) + parameters in place.
 *
 * @param {string} text - Wikitext to process.
 * @param {Object} config - {templates, basic_params, numbered_params}.
 * @return {string} The modified wikitext (same as input if nothing matched).
 */
function rename( text, config ) {
	var templates = config.templates || {};
	var sourceNames = Object.keys( templates );
	var targetNames = sourceNames.map( function ( k ) { return templates[ k ]; } );

	// Search for BOTH old and new names, deduped, so already-renamed
	// templates are found too (for param-only fixes).
	var allNames = Morebits.array.uniq( sourceNames.concat( targetNames ) );
	if ( !allNames.length ) {
		return text;
	}

	var namePattern = allNames
		.map( function ( n ) { return mw.util.escapeRegExp( n ); } )
		.join( '|' );
	var findRe = new RegExp(
		'\\{\\{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?\\s*(?:' + namePattern + ')\\s*(?=[|}\\s])',
		'gi'
	);

	var matches = [];
	var m;
	while ( ( m = findRe.exec( text ) ) !== null ) {
		var openBraceIndex = m.index;
		var end = findTemplateEnd( text, openBraceIndex );
		if ( end === -1 ) {
			continue;
		}
		matches.push( { start: openBraceIndex, end: end } );
		findRe.lastIndex = end;
	}

	for ( var i = matches.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- ) {
		var span = matches[ i ];
		var raw = text.substring( span.start, span.end );
		var parsed = Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate( raw, 0 );
		var renamed = renameOne( parsed, config );
		if ( !renamed ) {
			continue;
		}
		var replacement = serializeTemplate( renamed.name, renamed.parameters, renamed.orderedKeys );
		text = text.substring( 0, span.start ) + replacement + text.substring( span.end );
	}

	return text;
}

window.TemplateParamRenamer.rename = rename;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.renameOne = renameOne;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.findTemplateEnd = findTemplateEnd;

}() );
//&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5neo8ri2dmpmrlm9m392v1r3hm7fd8d</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290838</id>
      <parentid>6290837</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:47:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290838</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="7638" sha1="1gc8d8qumkr41uwtl1o8qu3u5wpabj0" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * templateParamRenamer.js (debug build — verbose console logging)
 *
 * General-purpose helper for renaming template names and parameters in
 * wikitext, driven by a JSON config of the shape:
 *
 * {
 *   &quot;templates&quot;: { &quot;oldName&quot;: &quot;newName&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;basic_params&quot;: { &quot;old-param&quot;: &quot;new-param&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;numbered_params&quot;: { &quot;^regex(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;replacement$1&quot;, ... }
 * }
 *
 * A template is recognized (and has its params processed) if its current
 * name matches EITHER a source key OR a target value in config.templates.
 * This means once a template has already been renamed, you do NOT need
 * an identity entry like &quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper&quot; — it's already
 * covered via the target side of &quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper&quot;.
 *
 * You only need an identity entry for a template that never had an
 * English/source name in `templates` to begin with, and that you still
 * want the script to scan purely for parameter fixes.
 *
 * Requires morebits.js to be loaded first (uses Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate).
 */

/* global mw, Morebits */
window.TemplateParamRenamer = {};

( function () {
'use strict';

var DEBUG = true; // flip to false to silence logging

function log() {
	if ( DEBUG &amp;&amp; window.console &amp;&amp; console.log ) {
		console.log.apply( console, [ '[TemplateParamRenamer]' ].concat( Array.prototype.slice.call( arguments ) ) );
	}
}

function findTemplateEnd( text, startIndex ) {
	var level = [];
	for ( var i = startIndex; i &lt; text.length; ++i ) {
		var three = text.substr( i, 3 );
		if ( three === '{{{' || ( three === '}}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 3 ) ) {
			level[ three === '{{{' ? 'push' : 'pop' ]( 3 );
			i += 2;
			continue;
		}
		var two = text.substr( i, 2 );
		if ( two === '{{' || two === '[[' ) {
			level.push( two === '{{' ? 2 : 'wl' );
			i += 1;
			continue;
		}
		if ( ( two === '}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 2 ) ||
			( two === ']]' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 'wl' ) ) {
			level.pop();
			i += 1;
			if ( level.length === 0 ) {
				return i + 1;
			}
			continue;
		}
	}
	log( 'findTemplateEnd: UNBALANCED braces starting at index', startIndex, '- skipping this match' );
	return -1;
}

function serializeTemplate( name, parameters, orderedKeys ) {
	var keys = orderedKeys || Object.keys( parameters );
	var parts = keys.map( function ( key ) {
		return /^\d+$/.test( key ) ? parameters[ key ] : key + '=' + parameters[ key ];
	} );
	return '{{' + name + ( parts.length ? '|' + parts.join( '|' ) : '' ) + '}}';
}

function renameOne( parsed, config ) {
	var templates = config.templates || {};
	var basicParams = config.basic_params || {};
	var numberedParams = config.numbered_params || {};

	var originalName = parsed.name.trim();
	var newName = null;

	log( 'renameOne: checking template name &quot;' + originalName + '&quot;' );
	log( 'renameOne: raw parsed parameters =', parsed.parameters );

	// 1. Known source (old/English) name?
	Object.keys( templates ).forEach( function ( key ) {
		if ( key.toLowerCase() === originalName.toLowerCase() ) {
			newName = templates[ key ];
			log( 'renameOne: MATCHED as SOURCE name (&quot;' + key + '&quot; -&gt; &quot;' + newName + '&quot;)' );
		}
	} );

	// 2. Already using a known target (new) name?
	if ( newName === null ) {
		var matchedKey = null;
		var alreadyRenamed = Object.keys( templates ).some( function ( key ) {
			var isMatch = templates[ key ].toLowerCase() === originalName.toLowerCase();
			if ( isMatch ) {
				matchedKey = key;
			}
			return isMatch;
		} );
		if ( alreadyRenamed ) {
			newName = originalName;
			log( 'renameOne: MATCHED as TARGET name (already renamed via source &quot;' + matchedKey + '&quot;) - keeping name, processing params' );
		}
	}

	if ( newName === null ) {
		log( 'renameOne: &quot;' + originalName + '&quot; is NOT in config.templates as source or target - SKIPPING this template entirely' );
		return null;
	}

	var numberedRegexes = Object.keys( numberedParams ).map( function ( pattern ) {
		return { pattern: pattern, re: new RegExp( pattern ), replacement: numberedParams[ pattern ] };
	} );

	var newParameters = {};
	var orderedKeys = [];
	Object.keys( parsed.parameters ).forEach( function ( oldKey ) {
		var newKey = oldKey;
		var matchedVia = null;

		if ( basicParams.hasOwnProperty( oldKey ) ) {
			newKey = basicParams[ oldKey ];
			matchedVia = 'basic_params';
		} else {
			for ( var i = 0; i &lt; numberedRegexes.length; i++ ) {
				var m = numberedRegexes[ i ].re.exec( oldKey );
				if ( m ) {
					newKey = numberedRegexes[ i ].replacement.replace( /\$(\d+)/g, function ( _, n ) {
						return m[ parseInt( n, 10 ) ] || '';
					} );
					matchedVia = 'numbered_params (' + numberedRegexes[ i ].pattern + ')';
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		if ( matchedVia ) {
			log( 'renameOne: param &quot;' + oldKey + '&quot; -&gt; &quot;' + newKey + '&quot; via ' + matchedVia );
		} else {
			log( 'renameOne: param &quot;' + oldKey + '&quot; UNCHANGED (no matching rule)' );
		}

		newParameters[ newKey ] = parsed.parameters[ oldKey ];
		orderedKeys.push( newKey );
	} );

	log( 'renameOne: result name = &quot;' + newName + '&quot;, result params =', newParameters );
	return { name: newName, parameters: newParameters, orderedKeys: orderedKeys };
}

function rename( text, config ) {
	console.group( '[TemplateParamRenamer] rename() called' );
	log( 'config =', config );

	var templates = config.templates || {};
	var sourceNames = Object.keys( templates );
	var targetNames = sourceNames.map( function ( k ) { return templates[ k ]; } );
	var allNames = Morebits.array.uniq( sourceNames.concat( targetNames ) );

	log( 'source names (English) =', sourceNames );
	log( 'target names (Kurdish) =', targetNames );
	log( 'combined search names =', allNames );

	if ( !allNames.length ) {
		log( 'No template names configured at all - returning text unchanged' );
		console.groupEnd();
		return text;
	}

	var namePattern = allNames
		.map( function ( n ) { return mw.util.escapeRegExp( n ); } )
		.join( '|' );
	var findRe = new RegExp(
		'\\{\\{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?\\s*(?:' + namePattern + ')\\s*(?=[|}\\s])',
		'gi'
	);
	log( 'search regex =', findRe );

	var matches = [];
	var m;
	while ( ( m = findRe.exec( text ) ) !== null ) {
		var openBraceIndex = m.index;
		log( 'findRe matched &quot;' + m[ 0 ] + '&quot; at index', openBraceIndex );
		var end = findTemplateEnd( text, openBraceIndex );
		if ( end === -1 ) {
			continue;
		}
		matches.push( { start: openBraceIndex, end: end } );
		log( '  -&gt; full template span:', text.substring( openBraceIndex, end ) );
		findRe.lastIndex = end;
	}

	log( 'total templates found matching known names:', matches.length );

	if ( !matches.length ) {
		log( 'No occurrences of any configured template name were found in the text.' );
		log( 'If you expected a match, double-check: exact spelling/case of the template' );
		log( 'name in the wikitext vs. config.templates, and that there is no extra' );
		log( 'whitespace, comment, or redirect changing how it appears in wikitext.' );
	}

	for ( var i = matches.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- ) {
		var span = matches[ i ];
		var raw = text.substring( span.start, span.end );
		var parsed = Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate( raw, 0 );
		var renamed = renameOne( parsed, config );
		if ( !renamed ) {
			continue;
		}
		var replacement = serializeTemplate( renamed.name, renamed.parameters, renamed.orderedKeys );
		log( 'Replacing:\n  ' + raw + '\nwith:\n  ' + replacement );
		text = text.substring( 0, span.start ) + replacement + text.substring( span.end );
	}

	console.groupEnd();
	return text;
}

window.TemplateParamRenamer.rename = rename;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.renameOne = renameOne;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.findTemplateEnd = findTemplateEnd;

}() );</text>
      <sha1>1gc8d8qumkr41uwtl1o8qu3u5wpabj0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291559</id>
      <parentid>6290838</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-26T11:33:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291559</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11676" sha1="4mkwm1c3m60o3bwkwcnz9qm0720bmry" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * templateParamRenamer.js (debug build — verbose console logging)
 *
 * General-purpose helper for renaming template names and parameters in
 * wikitext, driven by a JSON config of the shape:
 *
 * {
 *   &quot;templates&quot;: { &quot;oldName&quot;: &quot;newName&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;basic_params&quot;: { &quot;old-param&quot;: &quot;new-param&quot;, ... },
 *   &quot;numbered_params&quot;: { &quot;^regex(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;replacement$1&quot;, ... }
 * }
 *
 * A template is recognized (and has its params processed) if its current
 * name matches EITHER a source key OR a target value in config.templates.
 * This means once a template has already been renamed, you do NOT need
 * an identity entry like &quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper&quot; — it's already
 * covered via the target side of &quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper&quot;.
 *
 * You only need an identity entry for a template that never had an
 * English/source name in `templates` to begin with, and that you still
 * want the script to scan purely for parameter fixes.
 *
 * NOTE: All template-name and parameter-name matching is EXACT / case
 * sensitive. &quot;Q&quot; and &quot;q&quot; are treated as different templates. If you need
 * to catch multiple casings of the same template, add each casing as its
 * own entry in config.templates.
 *
 * Requires morebits.js to be loaded first (uses Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate).
 */

/* global mw, Morebits */
window.TemplateParamRenamer = {};

( function () {
'use strict';

var DEBUG = true; // flip to false to silence logging

function log() {
	if ( DEBUG &amp;&amp; window.console &amp;&amp; console.log ) {
		console.log.apply( console, [ '[TemplateParamRenamer]' ].concat( Array.prototype.slice.call( arguments ) ) );
	}
}

function findTemplateEnd( text, startIndex ) {
	var level = [];
	for ( var i = startIndex; i &lt; text.length; ++i ) {
		var three = text.substr( i, 3 );
		if ( three === '{{{' || ( three === '}}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 3 ) ) {
			level[ three === '{{{' ? 'push' : 'pop' ]( 3 );
			i += 2;
			continue;
		}
		var two = text.substr( i, 2 );
		if ( two === '{{' || two === '[[' ) {
			level.push( two === '{{' ? 2 : 'wl' );
			i += 1;
			continue;
		}
		if ( ( two === '}}' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 2 ) ||
			( two === ']]' &amp;&amp; level[ level.length - 1 ] === 'wl' ) ) {
			level.pop();
			i += 1;
			if ( level.length === 0 ) {
				return i + 1;
			}
			continue;
		}
	}
	log( 'findTemplateEnd: UNBALANCED braces starting at index', startIndex, '- skipping this match' );
	return -1;
}

function serializeTemplate( name, parameters, orderedKeys ) {
	var keys = orderedKeys || Object.keys( parameters );
	var parts = keys.map( function ( key ) {
		return /^\d+$/.test( key ) ? parameters[ key ] : key + '=' + parameters[ key ];
	} );
	return '{{' + name + ( parts.length ? '|' + parts.join( '|' ) : '' ) + '}}';
}

function buildNumberedRegexes( numberedParams ) {
	return Object.keys( numberedParams ).map( function ( pattern ) {
		return { pattern: pattern, re: new RegExp( pattern ), replacement: numberedParams[ pattern ] };
	} );
}

function renameParamsInParsed( parsed, basicParams, numberedRegexes ) {
	var newParameters = {};
	var orderedKeys = [];
	Object.keys( parsed.parameters ).forEach( function ( oldKey ) {
		var newKey = oldKey;
		var matchedVia = null;

		if ( basicParams.hasOwnProperty( oldKey ) ) {
			newKey = basicParams[ oldKey ];
			matchedVia = 'basic_params';
		} else {
			for ( var i = 0; i &lt; numberedRegexes.length; i++ ) {
				var m = numberedRegexes[ i ].re.exec( oldKey );
				if ( m ) {
					newKey = numberedRegexes[ i ].replacement.replace( /\$(\d+)/g, function ( _, n ) {
						return m[ parseInt( n, 10 ) ] || '';
					} );
					matchedVia = 'numbered_params (' + numberedRegexes[ i ].pattern + ')';
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		if ( matchedVia ) {
			log( 'param &quot;' + oldKey + '&quot; -&gt; &quot;' + newKey + '&quot; via ' + matchedVia );
		} else {
			log( 'param &quot;' + oldKey + '&quot; UNCHANGED (no matching rule)' );
		}

		newParameters[ newKey ] = parsed.parameters[ oldKey ];
		orderedKeys.push( newKey );
	} );
	return { parameters: newParameters, orderedKeys: orderedKeys };
}

function renameOne( parsed, config ) {
	var templates = config.templates || {};
	var basicParams = config.basic_params || {};
	var numberedParams = config.numbered_params || {};

	var originalName = parsed.name.trim();
	var newName = null;

	log( 'renameOne: checking template name &quot;' + originalName + '&quot;' );
	log( 'renameOne: raw parsed parameters =', parsed.parameters );

	// 1. Known source (old/English) name? (exact match, case sensitive)
	Object.keys( templates ).forEach( function ( key ) {
		if ( key === originalName ) {
			newName = templates[ key ];
			log( 'renameOne: MATCHED as SOURCE name (&quot;' + key + '&quot; -&gt; &quot;' + newName + '&quot;)' );
		}
	} );

	// 2. Already using a known target (new) name? (exact match, case sensitive)
	if ( newName === null ) {
		var matchedKey = null;
		var alreadyRenamed = Object.keys( templates ).some( function ( key ) {
			var isMatch = templates[ key ] === originalName;
			if ( isMatch ) {
				matchedKey = key;
			}
			return isMatch;
		} );
		if ( alreadyRenamed ) {
			newName = originalName;
			log( 'renameOne: MATCHED as TARGET name (already renamed via source &quot;' + matchedKey + '&quot;) - keeping name, processing params' );
		}
	}

	if ( newName === null ) {
		log( 'renameOne: &quot;' + originalName + '&quot; is NOT in config.templates as source or target - SKIPPING this template entirely' );
		return null;
	}

	var numberedRegexes = buildNumberedRegexes( numberedParams );
	var result = renameParamsInParsed( parsed, basicParams, numberedRegexes );

	log( 'renameOne: result name = &quot;' + newName + '&quot;, result params =', result.parameters );
	return { name: newName, parameters: result.parameters, orderedKeys: result.orderedKeys };
}

function rename( text, config ) {
	console.group( '[TemplateParamRenamer] rename() called' );
	log( 'config =', config );

	var templates = config.templates || {};
	var sourceNames = Object.keys( templates );
	var targetNames = sourceNames.map( function ( k ) { return templates[ k ]; } );
	var allNames = Morebits.array.uniq( sourceNames.concat( targetNames ) );

	log( 'source names (English) =', sourceNames );
	log( 'target names (Kurdish) =', targetNames );
	log( 'combined search names =', allNames );

	if ( !allNames.length ) {
		log( 'No template names configured at all - returning text unchanged' );
		console.groupEnd();
		return text;
	}

	var namePattern = allNames
		.map( function ( n ) { return mw.util.escapeRegExp( n ); } )
		.join( '|' );
	// NOTE: no 'i' flag - template name matching is exact/case sensitive.
	// Only the optional &quot;Template:&quot;/&quot;template:&quot; namespace prefix tolerates
	// either capitalization, per convention.
	var findRe = new RegExp(
		'\\{\\{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?\\s*(?:' + namePattern + ')\\s*(?=[|}\\s])',
		'g'
	);
	log( 'search regex =', findRe );

	var matches = [];
	var m;
	while ( ( m = findRe.exec( text ) ) !== null ) {
		var openBraceIndex = m.index;
		log( 'findRe matched &quot;' + m[ 0 ] + '&quot; at index', openBraceIndex );
		var end = findTemplateEnd( text, openBraceIndex );
		if ( end === -1 ) {
			continue;
		}
		matches.push( { start: openBraceIndex, end: end } );
		log( '  -&gt; full template span:', text.substring( openBraceIndex, end ) );
		findRe.lastIndex = end;
	}

	log( 'total templates found matching known names:', matches.length );

	if ( !matches.length ) {
		log( 'No occurrences of any configured template name were found in the text.' );
		log( 'If you expected a match, double-check: exact spelling/case of the template' );
		log( 'name in the wikitext vs. config.templates, and that there is no extra' );
		log( 'whitespace, comment, or redirect changing how it appears in wikitext.' );
	}

	for ( var i = matches.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- ) {
		var span = matches[ i ];
		var raw = text.substring( span.start, span.end );
		var parsed = Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate( raw, 0 );
		var renamed = renameOne( parsed, config );
		if ( !renamed ) {
			continue;
		}
		var replacement = serializeTemplate( renamed.name, renamed.parameters, renamed.orderedKeys );
		log( 'Replacing:\n  ' + raw + '\nwith:\n  ' + replacement );
		text = text.substring( 0, span.start ) + replacement + text.substring( span.end );
	}

	console.groupEnd();
	return text;
}

/**
 * renameParams: convenience helper for the common case of &quot;I just want to
 * rename parameters on ONE specific template name, I don't need a name
 * change and I don't want to build a full templates/basic_params/
 * numbered_params object by hand every time.&quot;
 *
 * Usage:
 *   TemplateParamRenamer.renameParams( text, 'qal', {
 *       text: 'nivîs',
 *       source: 'çavkanî'
 *   } );
 *
 * or with numbered/regex params as a second argument:
 *   TemplateParamRenamer.renameParams( text, 'cite', {
 *       title: 'sernav'
 *   }, {
 *       '^author(\\d*)$': 'nivîskar$1'
 *   } );
 *
 * Matching is exact/case sensitive on the template name, same as rename().
 * Only templates with exactly this name are touched; the template is never
 * renamed, only its parameters are.
 *
 * @param {string} text wikitext to process
 * @param {string} templateName exact template name to match (no aliases)
 * @param {Object} basicParams map of old-param -&gt; new-param (exact match)
 * @param {Object} [numberedParams] map of regex-string -&gt; replacement (supports $1, $2, ...)
 * @return {string} the modified wikitext
 */
function renameParams( text, templateName, basicParams, numberedParams ) {
	console.group( '[TemplateParamRenamer] renameParams() called for template &quot;' + templateName + '&quot;' );
	basicParams = basicParams || {};
	numberedParams = numberedParams || {};
	log( 'basicParams =', basicParams );
	log( 'numberedParams =', numberedParams );

	var namePattern = mw.util.escapeRegExp( templateName );
	// Exact/case-sensitive match, same tolerance for an optional Template: prefix.
	var findRe = new RegExp(
		'\\{\\{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?\\s*(?:' + namePattern + ')\\s*(?=[|}\\s])',
		'g'
	);
	log( 'search regex =', findRe );

	var matches = [];
	var m;
	while ( ( m = findRe.exec( text ) ) !== null ) {
		var openBraceIndex = m.index;
		log( 'findRe matched &quot;' + m[ 0 ] + '&quot; at index', openBraceIndex );
		var end = findTemplateEnd( text, openBraceIndex );
		if ( end === -1 ) {
			continue;
		}
		matches.push( { start: openBraceIndex, end: end } );
		log( '  -&gt; full template span:', text.substring( openBraceIndex, end ) );
		findRe.lastIndex = end;
	}

	log( 'total occurrences of &quot;' + templateName + '&quot; found:', matches.length );

	if ( !matches.length ) {
		log( 'No occurrences of &quot;' + templateName + '&quot; were found in the text.' );
		log( 'Double-check exact spelling/case, and that there is no extra whitespace' );
		log( 'or comment changing how the template name appears in wikitext.' );
	}

	var numberedRegexes = buildNumberedRegexes( numberedParams );

	for ( var i = matches.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i-- ) {
		var span = matches[ i ];
		var raw = text.substring( span.start, span.end );
		var parsed = Morebits.wikitext.parseTemplate( raw, 0 );

		log( 'renameParams: processing occurrence, raw parameters =', parsed.parameters );
		var result = renameParamsInParsed( parsed, basicParams, numberedRegexes );

		var replacement = serializeTemplate( parsed.name.trim(), result.parameters, result.orderedKeys );
		log( 'Replacing:\n  ' + raw + '\nwith:\n  ' + replacement );
		text = text.substring( 0, span.start ) + replacement + text.substring( span.end );
	}

	console.groupEnd();
	return text;
}

window.TemplateParamRenamer.rename = rename;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.renameOne = renameOne;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.renameParams = renameParams;
window.TemplateParamRenamer.findTemplateEnd = findTemplateEnd;

}() );</text>
      <sha1>4mkwm1c3m60o3bwkwcnz9qm0720bmry</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/js/citeKurdifier.js</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>1358179</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290831</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:29:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rûpel bi &quot;/**  * citeKurdifier.js  *  * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)  * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,  * using the mapping stored at  * [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/json/citeKurdifier.json]].  *  * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1)  *  * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)  */  /* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */ ( function () { 'u...&quot; hat çêkirin</comment>
      <origin>6290831</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="2192" sha1="ha2zs5pi3uplkzg8sqc5zootbznk22j" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using the mapping stored at
 * [[Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/json/citeKurdifier.json]].
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1)
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG_PAGE = 'Bikarhêner:Wikihez/skrîpt/json/citeKurdifier.json';

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	Morebits.wiki.getCachedJson( CONFIG_PAGE ).then( function ( config ) {
		var originalText = $textbox.val();
		var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, config );

		if ( newText === originalText ) {
			mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
			return;
		}

		// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
		// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
		// the form or touches the API.
		$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

		// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
		// clobbering anything the user already typed.
		var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
		if ( $summary.length ) {
			var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
			var current = $summary.val();
			$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
		}

		mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
	}, function () {
		mw.notify( 'Barkirina mîtadaneya JSON (citeKurdifier.json) bi ser neket.', { type: 'error' } );
	} );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>ha2zs5pi3uplkzg8sqc5zootbznk22j</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290839</id>
      <parentid>6290831</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T15:58:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290839</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="2610" sha1="ac0e6eg2aeaugyzubuk6ls4eysqsp7r" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;author&quot;: &quot;nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>ac0e6eg2aeaugyzubuk6ls4eysqsp7r</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290840</id>
      <parentid>6290839</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T16:01:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290840</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="2439" sha1="mvonlikfvan0zx2ocjh33un0ecgbppy" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;author&quot;: &quot;nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>mvonlikfvan0zx2ocjh33un0ecgbppy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290841</id>
      <parentid>6290840</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T16:23:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290841</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="6127" sha1="pftr200fyfx6xo21bkd4vjpys47ql7b" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;: &quot;rol&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;: &quot;terciman&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
		&quot;coauthors&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;: &quot;bestekar&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;: &quot;aktor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;: &quot;artîst&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;: &quot;mêvan&quot;,
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;title&quot;: &quot;sernav&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;: &quot;serî&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;: &quot;bêsernav&quot;,
		&quot;entry&quot;: &quot;made&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter&quot;: &quot;beş&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;: &quot;beş-sade&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;section&quot;: &quot;qisim&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;system&quot;: &quot;sîstem&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;: &quot;sehne&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;edition&quot;: &quot;çap&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;: &quot;çap-sade&quot;,
		&quot;archivedate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx&quot;,
		&quot;type&quot;: &quot;cure&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;: &quot;janr&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;: &quot;medya&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;: &quot;kesên-din&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;: &quot;weşanxane&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orjînal&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;: &quot;not&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;: &quot;not-sade&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;: &quot;yê-din&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;: &quot;çavkanî&quot;,
		&quot;worklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;tarîx&quot;,
		&quot;year&quot;: &quot;sal&quot;,
		&quot;month&quot;: &quot;meh&quot;,
		&quot;start_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;origdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origyear&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;sala orîjînal&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origmonth&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;year_published&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;sala weşandinê&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;month_published&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;,
		&quot;start_year_published&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month_published&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê&quot;
		
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>pftr200fyfx6xo21bkd4vjpys47ql7b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6290849</id>
      <parentid>6290841</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:12:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6290849</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="6266" sha1="izcjxzguqxqapcqzgumwahr7uyqya0c" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;: &quot;rol&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;: &quot;terciman&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
		&quot;coauthors&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;: &quot;bestekar&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;: &quot;aktor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;: &quot;artîst&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;: &quot;mêvan&quot;,
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;title&quot;: &quot;sernav&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;: &quot;serî&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;: &quot;bêsernav&quot;,
		&quot;entry&quot;: &quot;made&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter&quot;: &quot;beş&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;: &quot;beş-sade&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;section&quot;: &quot;qisim&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;system&quot;: &quot;sîstem&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;: &quot;sehne&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;edition&quot;: &quot;çap&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;: &quot;çap-sade&quot;,
		&quot;archivedate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx&quot;,
		&quot;type&quot;: &quot;cure&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;: &quot;janr&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;: &quot;medya&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;: &quot;kesên-din&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;: &quot;weşanxane&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orjînal&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;: &quot;not&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;: &quot;not-sade&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;: &quot;yê-din&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;: &quot;çavkanî&quot;,
		&quot;worklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;tarîx&quot;,
		&quot;year&quot;: &quot;sal&quot;,
		&quot;month&quot;: &quot;meh&quot;,
		&quot;start_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;origdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origyear&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;sala orîjînal&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origmonth&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;year_published&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;sala weşandinê&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;month_published&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;,
		&quot;start_year_published&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month_published&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê&quot;
		
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>izcjxzguqxqapcqzgumwahr7uyqya0c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291429</id>
      <parentid>6290849</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:25:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291429</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="8259" sha1="f2dmohimwvqr9ur3yb5eos7oa7q26v3" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;: &quot;rol&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;: &quot;terciman&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
		&quot;coauthors&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;: &quot;bestekar&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;: &quot;aktor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;: &quot;artîst&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;: &quot;mêvan&quot;,
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;title&quot;: &quot;sernav&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;: &quot;serî&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;: &quot;bêsernav&quot;,
		&quot;entry&quot;: &quot;made&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter&quot;: &quot;beş&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;: &quot;beş-sade&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;section&quot;: &quot;qisim&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;system&quot;: &quot;sîstem&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;: &quot;sehne&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;edition&quot;: &quot;çap&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;: &quot;çap-sade&quot;,
		&quot;archivedate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx&quot;,
		&quot;type&quot;: &quot;cure&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;: &quot;janr&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;: &quot;medya&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;: &quot;kesên-din&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;: &quot;weşanxane&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orjînal&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;: &quot;not&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;: &quot;not-sade&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;: &quot;yê-din&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;: &quot;çavkanî&quot;,
		&quot;worklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;tarîx&quot;,
		&quot;year&quot;: &quot;sal&quot;,
		&quot;month&quot;: &quot;meh&quot;,
		&quot;start_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;origdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origyear&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;sala orîjînal&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origmonth&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;year_published&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;sala weşandinê&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;month_published&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;,
		&quot;start_year_published&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month_published&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê&quot;,
		
		&quot;volume&quot;: &quot;cild&quot;,
		&quot;volume_plain&quot;: &quot;cild-sade&quot;,
		&quot;volumeurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild&quot;,
		&quot;volume_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild&quot;,

		&quot;vol&quot;: &quot;cild&quot;,
		&quot;vol_plain&quot;: &quot;cild-sade&quot;,
		&quot;volurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild&quot;,
		&quot;vol_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild&quot;,
				
		&quot;issue&quot;: &quot;hejmar&quot;,
		&quot;issue_plain&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade&quot;,
		&quot;issueurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê&quot;,
		&quot;issue_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê&quot;,
		
		&quot;number&quot;: &quot;hejmar&quot;,
		&quot;number_plain&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade&quot;,
		&quot;numberurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê&quot;,
		&quot;number_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê&quot;,
		
		&quot;line&quot;: &quot;rêz&quot;,
		&quot;line_plain&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade&quot;,
		&quot;lineurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê&quot;,
		&quot;line_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê&quot;,
		
		&quot;page&quot;: &quot;rûpel&quot;,
		&quot;page_plain&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade&quot;,
		&quot;pageurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê&quot;,
		&quot;page_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê&quot;,
		
		&quot;column&quot;: &quot;stûn&quot;,
		&quot;column_plain&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade&quot;,
		&quot;columnurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê&quot;,
		&quot;column_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê&quot;
		
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;	
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>f2dmohimwvqr9ur3yb5eos7oa7q26v3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291506</id>
      <parentid>6291429</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T18:58:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291506</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="8848" sha1="i9l4kim2obl540iexbs1wfvz285xdpz" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;: &quot;rol&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;: &quot;terciman&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
		&quot;coauthors&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;quotee&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin&quot;,
		&quot;editor&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;editors&quot;: &quot;edîtor&quot;,
		&quot;mainauthor&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke&quot;,
		&quot;compiler&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;compilers&quot;: &quot;berhevkar&quot;,
		&quot;director&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;directors&quot;: &quot;derhêner&quot;,
		&quot;lyricist&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs&quot;,
		&quot;lyrics-translator&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan&quot;,
		&quot;composer&quot;: &quot;bestekar&quot;,
		&quot;actor&quot;: &quot;aktor&quot;,
		&quot;artist&quot;: &quot;artîst&quot;,
		&quot;feat&quot;: &quot;mêvan&quot;,
		&quot;default-authorlabel&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;authorlabel&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar&quot;,
		&quot;title&quot;: &quot;sernav&quot;,
		&quot;trans-title&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;series&quot;: &quot;serî&quot;,
		&quot;seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê&quot;,
		&quot;notitle&quot;: &quot;bêsernav&quot;,
		&quot;entry&quot;: &quot;made&quot;,
		&quot;entryurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-entry&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter&quot;: &quot;beş&quot;,
		&quot;chapterurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_plain&quot;: &quot;beş-sade&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_series&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-chapter&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;section&quot;: &quot;qisim&quot;,
		&quot;sectionurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_number&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_plain&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade&quot;,
		&quot;section_series&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;section_seriesvolume&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-section&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê&quot;,
		&quot;system&quot;: &quot;sîstem&quot;,
		&quot;scene&quot;: &quot;sehne&quot;,
		&quot;archiveurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;edition&quot;: &quot;çap&quot;,
		&quot;edition_plain&quot;: &quot;çap-sade&quot;,
		&quot;archivedate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê&quot;,
		&quot;accessdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;nodate&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx&quot;,
		&quot;type&quot;: &quot;cure&quot;,
		&quot;genre&quot;: &quot;janr&quot;,
		&quot;medium&quot;: &quot;medya&quot;,
		&quot;others&quot;: &quot;kesên-din&quot;,
		&quot;quoted_in&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê&quot;,
		&quot;location&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;publisher&quot;: &quot;weşanxane&quot;,
		&quot;original&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orjînal&quot;: &quot;orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;by&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê&quot;,
		&quot;note&quot;: &quot;not&quot;,
		&quot;note_plain&quot;: &quot;not-sade&quot;,
		&quot;other&quot;: &quot;yê-din&quot;,
		&quot;source&quot;: &quot;çavkanî&quot;,
		&quot;worklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê&quot;,
		&quot;termlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê&quot;,
		&quot;origlang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origworklang&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;tarîx&quot;,
		&quot;year&quot;: &quot;sal&quot;,
		&quot;month&quot;: &quot;meh&quot;,
		&quot;start_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê&quot;,
		&quot;origdate&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origyear&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;sala orîjînal&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origmonth&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_date&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_year&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origstart_month&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;year_published&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;sala weşandinê&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;month_published&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_date_published&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin&quot;,
		&quot;start_year_published&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;start_month_published&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê&quot;,
		&quot;volume&quot;: &quot;cild&quot;,
		&quot;volume_plain&quot;: &quot;cild-sade&quot;,
		&quot;volumeurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild&quot;,
		&quot;volume_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild&quot;,

		&quot;vol&quot;: &quot;cild&quot;,
		&quot;vol_plain&quot;: &quot;cild-sade&quot;,
		&quot;volurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild&quot;,
		&quot;vol_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild&quot;,
				
		&quot;issue&quot;: &quot;hejmar&quot;,
		&quot;issue_plain&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade&quot;,
		&quot;issueurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê&quot;,
		&quot;issue_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê&quot;,
		
		&quot;number&quot;: &quot;hejmar&quot;,
		&quot;number_plain&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade&quot;,
		&quot;numberurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê&quot;,
		&quot;number_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê&quot;,
		
		&quot;line&quot;: &quot;rêz&quot;,
		&quot;line_plain&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade&quot;,
		&quot;lineurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê&quot;,
		&quot;line_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê&quot;,
		
		&quot;page&quot;: &quot;rûpel&quot;,
		&quot;page_plain&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade&quot;,
		&quot;pageurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê&quot;,
		&quot;page_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê&quot;,
		
		&quot;column&quot;: &quot;stûn&quot;,
		&quot;column_plain&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade&quot;,
		&quot;columnurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê&quot;,
		&quot;column_prefix&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê&quot;,

		//kovar journal
		&quot;article&quot;: &quot;meqale&quot;,
		&quot;titleurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;articleurl&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê&quot;,
		&quot;trans-article&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê&quot;,
		&quot;title_tlr&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;title_tlrs&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;title_translator&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;title_translators&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;article_tlrs&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;,
		&quot;article_translator&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;,
		&quot;article_translators&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê&quot;,
		&quot;title_series&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav&quot;,
		&quot;article_series&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê&quot;,
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;	
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>i9l4kim2obl540iexbs1wfvz285xdpz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291525</id>
      <parentid>6291506</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:28:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291525</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11587" sha1="494ztak4sso6qll6f2s6z894tx7fgd8" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;: &quot;rol&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;: &quot;terciman&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;,	
		&quot;^coauthors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quotee(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^mainauthor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compiler(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compilers(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^director(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^directors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyricist(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyrics-translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^composer(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bestekar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^actor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;aktor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^artist(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;artîst$1&quot;,
		&quot;^feat(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;mêvan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^default-authorlabel(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlabel(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-title(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;serî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^notitle(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bêsernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entry(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;made$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entryurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-entry(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;beş$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapterurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;beş-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-chapter(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;qisim$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sectionurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-section(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^system(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sîstem$1&quot;,
		&quot;^scene(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sehne$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archiveurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çap$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çap-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archivedate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^accessdate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^nodate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^type(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cure$1&quot;,
		&quot;^genre(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;janr$1&quot;,
		&quot;^medium(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;medya$1&quot;,
		&quot;^others(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;kesên-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quoted_in(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^location(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cih$1&quot;,
		&quot;^publisher(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;weşanxane$1&quot;,
		&quot;^original(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^orjînal(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^by(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;not$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;not-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^other(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;yê-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^source(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çavkanî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^worklang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^termlang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origlang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origworklang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meh$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origdate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origyear(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala orîjînal(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origmonth(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala weşandinê(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê$1&quot;,
		//kovar journal
		&quot;^article(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,
		&quot;^titleurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^articleurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-article(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlr(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translators(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translators(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
//chapter (article title)
&quot;^sernav(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;chapter$1&quot;,
&quot;^article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;chapter$1&quot;,
&quot;^meqale(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;chapter$1&quot;,

//chapterurl
&quot;^titleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^articleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//trans-chapter
&quot;^trans-title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_tlr
&quot;^title_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_series
&quot;^title_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_seriesvolume
&quot;^title_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_number
&quot;^title_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_plain
&quot;^title_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav-sade$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale-sade$1&quot;,

//title (periodical name)
&quot;^journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xebat$1&quot;,

//trans-title
&quot;^trans-journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xebat$1&quot;,

//tlr (periodical translator)
&quot;^journal_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xebat$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xebat$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xebat$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman-xebat$1&quot;,

//url (periodical url)
&quot;^journalurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaperurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^workurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xebatê$1&quot;,

//source
&quot;^newsagency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
&quot;^news_agency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>494ztak4sso6qll6f2s6z894tx7fgd8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291526</id>
      <parentid>6291525</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:35:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291526</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11605" sha1="o4yagqj0kto4xjk7swnktn5bf64pmq5" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;role&quot;: &quot;rol&quot;,
		&quot;tlr&quot;: &quot;terciman&quot;,
		&quot;chapter_tlr&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-beşê&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;,	
		&quot;^coauthors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quotee(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^mainauthor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compiler(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compilers(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^director(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^directors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyricist(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyrics-translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^composer(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bestekar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^actor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;aktor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^artist(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;artîst$1&quot;,
		&quot;^feat(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;mêvan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^default-authorlabel(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlabel(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-title(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;serî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^notitle(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bêsernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entry(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;made$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entryurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-entry(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;beş$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapterurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;beş-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-chapter(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;qisim$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sectionurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-section(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^system(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sîstem$1&quot;,
		&quot;^scene(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sehne$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archiveurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çap$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çap-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archivedate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^accessdate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^nodate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^type(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cure$1&quot;,
		&quot;^genre(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;janr$1&quot;,
		&quot;^medium(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;medya$1&quot;,
		&quot;^others(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;kesên-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quoted_in(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^location(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cih$1&quot;,
		&quot;^publisher(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;weşanxane$1&quot;,
		&quot;^original(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^orjînal(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^by(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;not$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;not-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^other(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;yê-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^source(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çavkanî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^worklang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^termlang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origlang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origworklang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meh$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origdate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origyear(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala orîjînal(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origmonth(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala weşandinê(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê$1&quot;,
		//kovar journal
		&quot;^article(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,
		&quot;^titleurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^articleurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-article(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlr(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translators(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translators(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
//chapter (article title)
&quot;^title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,

//chapterurl
&quot;^titleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^articleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//trans-chapter
&quot;^trans-title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_tlr
&quot;^title_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_series
&quot;^title_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_seriesvolume
&quot;^title_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_number
&quot;^title_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_plain
&quot;^title_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav-sade$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale-sade$1&quot;,

//title (periodical name)
&quot;^journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xebat$1&quot;,

//trans-title
&quot;^trans-journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xebat$1&quot;,

//tlr (periodical translator)
&quot;^journal_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,

//url (periodical url)
&quot;^journalurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaperurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^workurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xebatê$1&quot;,

//source
&quot;^newsagency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
&quot;^news_agency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>o4yagqj0kto4xjk7swnktn5bf64pmq5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291529</id>
      <parentid>6291526</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:48:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291529</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11667" sha1="fgmw46hwvvsjiuoiklm48fepd4n70al" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;newversion&quot;: &quot;versiyona-nû&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^role(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;,	
		&quot;^coauthors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quotee(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^mainauthor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compiler(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compilers(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^director(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^directors(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyricist(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyrics-translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^composer(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bestekar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^actor(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;aktor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^artist(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;artîst$1&quot;,
		&quot;^feat(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;mêvan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^default-authorlabel(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlabel(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-title(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;serî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^notitle(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bêsernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entry(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;made$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entryurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-entry(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;beş$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapterurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;beş-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-chapter(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;qisim$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sectionurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_number(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_seriesvolume(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-section(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^system(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sîstem$1&quot;,
		&quot;^scene(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sehne$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archiveurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çap$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çap-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archivedate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^accessdate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^nodate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^type(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cure$1&quot;,
		&quot;^genre(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;janr$1&quot;,
		&quot;^medium(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;medya$1&quot;,
		&quot;^others(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;kesên-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quoted_in(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^location(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;cih$1&quot;,
		&quot;^publisher(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;weşanxane$1&quot;,
		&quot;^original(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^orjînal(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^by(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;not$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note_plain(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;not-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^other(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;yê-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^source(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;çavkanî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^worklang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^termlang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origlang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origworklang(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meh$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origdate(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origyear(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala orîjînal(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origmonth(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_date(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_year(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_month(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala weşandinê(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month_published(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê$1&quot;,
		//kovar journal
		&quot;^article(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,
		&quot;^titleurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^articleurl(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-article(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlr(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translators(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translator(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translators(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_series(\\d+)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
//chapter (article title)
&quot;^title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,

//chapterurl
&quot;^titleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^articleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//trans-chapter
&quot;^trans-title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_tlr
&quot;^title_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_series
&quot;^title_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_seriesvolume
&quot;^title_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_number
&quot;^title_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_plain
&quot;^title_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav-sade$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale-sade$1&quot;,

//title (periodical name)
&quot;^journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xebat$1&quot;,

//trans-title
&quot;^trans-journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xebat$1&quot;,

//tlr (periodical translator)
&quot;^journal_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,

//url (periodical url)
&quot;^journalurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaperurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^workurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xebatê$1&quot;,

//source
&quot;^newsagency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
&quot;^news_agency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>fgmw46hwvvsjiuoiklm48fepd4n70al</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291535</id>
      <parentid>6291529</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T22:36:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291535</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11962" sha1="5i3xrx9bdc5ayq0uvdgbdec1qmlam2k" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;newversion&quot;: &quot;versiyona-nû&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^role(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^roles(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^speaker(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;,	
		&quot;^coauthors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quotee(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^mainauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compiler(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compilers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^director(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^directors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyricist(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyrics-translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^composer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bestekar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^actor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;aktor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^artist(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;artîst$1&quot;,
		&quot;^feat(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;mêvan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^default-authorlabel(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlabel(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;serî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^notitle(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bêsernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entry(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;made$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entryurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-entry(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;beş$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapterurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;beş-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-chapter(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;qisim$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sectionurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-section(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^system(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sîstem$1&quot;,
		&quot;^scene(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sehne$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archiveurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çap$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çap-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archivedate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^accessdate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^nodate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^type(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cure$1&quot;,
		&quot;^genre(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;janr$1&quot;,
		&quot;^medium(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;medya$1&quot;,
		&quot;^others(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kesên-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quoted_in(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^location(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cih$1&quot;,
		&quot;^publisher(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;weşanxane$1&quot;,
		&quot;^original(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^orjînal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^by(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;not$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;not-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^other(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;yê-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^source(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çavkanî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^worklang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^termlang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origlang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origworklang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meh$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origdate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origyear(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala orîjînal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origmonth(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala weşandinê(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê$1&quot;,
		//kovar journal
		&quot;^article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,
		&quot;^titleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^articleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
//chapter (article title)
&quot;^title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,

//chapterurl
&quot;^titleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^articleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//trans-chapter
&quot;^trans-title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_tlr
&quot;^title_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^title_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanên-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_series
&quot;^title_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_seriesvolume
&quot;^title_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_number
&quot;^title_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_plain
&quot;^title_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav-sade$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale-sade$1&quot;,

//title (periodical name)
&quot;^journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xebat$1&quot;,

//trans-title
&quot;^trans-journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xebat$1&quot;,

//tlr (periodical translator)
&quot;^journal_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,

//url (periodical url)
&quot;^journalurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaperurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^workurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xebatê$1&quot;,

//source
&quot;^newsagency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
&quot;^news_agency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>5i3xrx9bdc5ayq0uvdgbdec1qmlam2k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291536</id>
      <parentid>6291535</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T22:39:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291536</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11138" sha1="p0ze2lzfhqe6vmz67qormdxyff91lso" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;newversion&quot;: &quot;versiyona-nû&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^role(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^roles(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^speaker(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;,	
		&quot;^coauthors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quotee(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^mainauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compiler(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compilers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^director(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^directors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyricist(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyrics-translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^composer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bestekar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^actor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;aktor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^artist(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;artîst$1&quot;,
		&quot;^feat(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;mêvan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^default-authorlabel(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlabel(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;serî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^notitle(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bêsernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entry(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;made$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entryurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-entry(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;beş$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapterurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;beş-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-chapter(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;qisim$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sectionurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-section(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^system(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sîstem$1&quot;,
		&quot;^scene(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sehne$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archiveurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çap$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çap-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archivedate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^accessdate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^nodate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^type(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cure$1&quot;,
		&quot;^genre(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;janr$1&quot;,
		&quot;^medium(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;medya$1&quot;,
		&quot;^others(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kesên-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quoted_in(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^location(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cih$1&quot;,
		&quot;^publisher(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;weşanxane$1&quot;,
		&quot;^original(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^orjînal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^by(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;not$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;not-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^other(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;yê-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^source(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çavkanî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^worklang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^termlang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origlang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origworklang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meh$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origdate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origyear(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala orîjînal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origmonth(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala weşandinê(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê$1&quot;,
		//kovar journal
		&quot;^article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,
		&quot;^titleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^articleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,


//chapter_seriesvolume
&quot;^title_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_number
&quot;^title_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_plain
&quot;^title_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav-sade$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale-sade$1&quot;,

//title (periodical name)
&quot;^journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xebat$1&quot;,

//trans-title
&quot;^trans-journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xebat$1&quot;,

//tlr (periodical translator)
&quot;^journal_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,

//url (periodical url)
&quot;^journalurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaperurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^workurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xebatê$1&quot;,

//source
&quot;^newsagency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
&quot;^news_agency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>p0ze2lzfhqe6vmz67qormdxyff91lso</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291542</id>
      <parentid>6291536</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T23:27:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291542</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="11681" sha1="6da3u5ib9zty5zhtz2iur3pnvqmu41s" xml:space="preserve">/**
 * citeKurdifier.js
 *
 * Converts English citation templates (quote-web, quote-book, quote-journal)
 * and a set of their parameters into their Kurdish Wiktionary equivalents,
 * using an inline configuration (see CONFIG below).
 *
 * Works directly on the edit textbox (#wpTextbox1) — no page fetch needed,
 * since the config now lives in this file rather than on a wiki page.
 *
 * Requires: morebits.js, templateParamRenamer.js (loaded first)
 */

/* global mw, $, Morebits, TemplateParamRenamer */
( function () {
'use strict';

var CONFIG = {
	&quot;templates&quot;: {
		&quot;jêder-malper&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kitêb&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;jêder-kovar&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-web&quot;: &quot;jêder-malper/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-book&quot;: &quot;jêder-kitêb/ceribandin&quot;,
		&quot;quote-journal&quot;: &quot;jêder-kovar/ceribandin&quot;,
	},
	&quot;basic_params&quot;: {
		&quot;access-date&quot;: &quot;roja-gihiştinê&quot;,
		&quot;cîh&quot;: &quot;cih&quot;,
		&quot;newversion&quot;: &quot;versiyona-nû&quot;,
		&quot;passage&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;jg&quot;: &quot;jêgirtin&quot;,
		&quot;transliteration&quot;: &quot;tr&quot;,
		&quot;transcription&quot;: &quot;ts&quot;,
		&quot;normalization&quot;: &quot;norm&quot;,
		&quot;translation&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;gloss&quot;: &quot;tercime&quot;,
		&quot;lit&quot;: &quot;hrf&quot;,
		&quot;lb&quot;: &quot;e&quot;,
		&quot;origtext&quot;: &quot;metna-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origtr&quot;: &quot;tr-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origts&quot;: &quot;ts-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignorm&quot;: &quot;norm-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsc&quot;: &quot;sc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;orignormsc&quot;: &quot;normsc-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origsubst&quot;: &quot;subst-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;origlb&quot;: &quot;e-orîjînal&quot;,
		&quot;nocat&quot;: &quot;nekat&quot;,
	},
	&quot;numbered_params&quot;: {
		&quot;^role(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^roles(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^speaker(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rol$1&quot;,
		&quot;^tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;terciman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ziman$1&quot;,
		&quot;^first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndfirst(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndlast(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2paşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^author(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^writers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^2ndauthorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;2lînka-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-authorlink(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;lînka-tercimeya-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-first(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-pêşnav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-last(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-paşnav$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^volume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volumeurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volume_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,

		&quot;^vol(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cild-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^volurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-cild$1&quot;,
		&quot;^vol_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-cild$1&quot;,
				
		&quot;^issue(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issueurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^issue_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmar-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^numberurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^number_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-hejmarê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^line(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêz$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêz-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rêzê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^line_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rêzê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^page(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rûpel-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^pageurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^page_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-rûpelê$1&quot;,
		
		&quot;^column(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;stûn$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;stûn-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^columnurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-stûnê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^column_prefix(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;pêşgira-stûnê$1&quot;,	
		&quot;^coauthors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hevnivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quotee(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;jê-tê-girtin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^editors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;edîtor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^mainauthor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;nivîskarê-sereke$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compiler(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^compilers(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;berhevkar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^director(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^directors(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;derhêner$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyricist(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;gotinnivîs$1&quot;,
		&quot;^lyrics-translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-gotinan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^composer(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bestekar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^actor(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;aktor$1&quot;,
		&quot;^artist(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;artîst$1&quot;,
		&quot;^feat(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;mêvan$1&quot;,
		&quot;^default-authorlabel(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;standard-etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^authorlabel(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;etîketa-nivîskar$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-title(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;serî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^notitle(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bêsernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entry(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;made$1&quot;,
		&quot;^entryurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-entry(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-madeyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;beş$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapterurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;beş-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^chapter_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-chapter(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-beşê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;qisim$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sectionurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;qisim-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rêzeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^section_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-section(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-qismê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^system(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sîstem$1&quot;,
		&quot;^scene(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sehne$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archiveurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çap$1&quot;,
		&quot;^edition_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çap-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^archivedate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-arşîvê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^accessdate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-gihiştinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^nodate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;bêtarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^type(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cure$1&quot;,
		&quot;^genre(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;janr$1&quot;,
		&quot;^medium(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;medya$1&quot;,
		&quot;^others(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kesên-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^quoted_in(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cihê-jêgirtinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^location(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cih$1&quot;,
		&quot;^publisher(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;weşanxane$1&quot;,
		&quot;^original(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^orjînal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^by(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ji-aliyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;not$1&quot;,
		&quot;^note_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;not-sade$1&quot;,
		&quot;^other(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;yê-din$1&quot;,
		&quot;^source(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;çavkanî$1&quot;,
		&quot;^worklang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-eserê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^termlang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-termê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origlang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origworklang(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;zimanê-esera-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîx$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meh$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origdate(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origyear(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala orîjînal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origmonth(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_date(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_year(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^origstart_month(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-destpêkê-orîjînal$1&quot;,
		&quot;^date_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^year_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^sala weşandinê(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^month_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_date_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tarîxa-destpêkê-weşandin$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_year_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sala_destpêkê-weşandinê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^start_month_published(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meha_destpêkê_ya_weşandinê$1&quot;,
		//kovar journal
		&quot;^article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale$1&quot;,
		&quot;^titleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^articleurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^trans-article(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-meqaleyê$1&quot;,
		&quot;^title_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
		&quot;^article_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,


//chapter_seriesvolume
&quot;^title_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_number
&quot;^title_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-sernav$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-meqaleyê$1&quot;,

//chapter_plain
&quot;^title_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;sernav-sade$1&quot;,
&quot;^article_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;meqale-sade$1&quot;,

//title (periodical name)
&quot;^journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;xebat$1&quot;,

//trans-title
&quot;^trans-journal(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-magazine(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-newspaper(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xezete$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-work(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-xebat$1&quot;,

//tlr (periodical translator)
&quot;^journal_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^journal_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazine_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-kovar$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaper_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_tlrs(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translator(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,
&quot;^work_translators(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-xebatê$1&quot;,

//url (periodical url)
&quot;^journalurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^magazineurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-kovarê$1&quot;,
&quot;^newspaperurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xezeteyê$1&quot;,
&quot;^workurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-xebatê$1&quot;,

//source
&quot;^newsagency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,
&quot;^news_agency(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;ajans$1&quot;,

//chapter (individual webpage/entry title) — website citations
&quot;^webpage(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;rûpela-webê$1&quot;,
&quot;^webpageurl(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;urlya-webê$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-webpage(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-webê$1&quot;,
&quot;^webpage_tlr(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimanê-webê$1&quot;,
&quot;^webpage_series(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;seriya-webê$1&quot;,
&quot;^webpage_seriesvolume(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;cildê-seriya-webê$1&quot;,
&quot;^webpage_number(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;hejmara-webê$1&quot;,
&quot;^webpage_plain(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;web-sade$1&quot;,

//title (site/work name) — website citations
&quot;^site(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;websîte$1&quot;,
&quot;^trans-site(\\d*)$&quot;: &quot;tercimeya-sîteyê$1&quot;,
	}
};

function run() {
	var $textbox = $( '#wpTextbox1' );
	if ( !$textbox.length ) {
		mw.notify( 'Qutîka guhertinê (wpTextbox1) nehat dîtin. Tu li rûpelekê ya guhertinê yî?', { type: 'error' } );
		return;
	}

	var originalText = $textbox.val();
	var newText = TemplateParamRenamer.rename( originalText, CONFIG );

	if ( newText === originalText ) {
		mw.notify( 'Tu şablon nehat dîtin ku were guhertin.' );
		return;
	}

	// Update the textbox in place. The user still reviews and clicks
	// &quot;Save&quot;/&quot;Show changes&quot; themselves — this script never submits
	// the form or touches the API.
	$textbox.val( newText ).trigger( 'change' );

	// Append a note to the edit summary, if present, without
	// clobbering anything the user already typed.
	var $summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
	if ( $summary.length ) {
		var note = 'kurdîkirina şablonên jêderê (citeKurdifier)';
		var current = $summary.val();
		$summary.val( current ? current + '; ' + note : note );
	}

	mw.notify( 'Şablonên jêderê hatin kurdîkirin. Ji kerema xwe biguherînan kontrol bike û tomar bike.' );
}

$( function () {
	// Only makes sense to show this on an edit form
	if ( !$( '#wpTextbox1' ).length ) {
		return;
	}

	mw.util.addPortletLink(
		'p-cactions',
		'#',
		'citeKurdifier',
		'ca-cite-kurdifier',
		'Şablonên jêderê bike kurdî'
	).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {
		e.preventDefault();
		run();
	} );
} );

}() );</text>
      <sha1>6da3u5ib9zty5zhtz2iur3pnvqmu41s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gotûbêj:komherf</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>1358180</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290846</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:08:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[MediaWiki:Gadget-aWa.js/belgekirin|aWa]]: Arşîvkirina nîqaşê ji rûpela [[Wîkîferheng:Daxwazên peyitandinê]]</comment>
      <origin>6290846</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="568" sha1="6n1bykonqld04sg9b2ej38k1ur6otvg" xml:space="preserve">== Nîqaşa [[Wîkîferheng:Daxwazên peyitandinê|peyitandinê]] ==

{{arşîv-ser|dp|failed|link=Taybet:PermanentLink/6277193#komherf}}
{{fake==|1= &lt;s&gt;[[komherf]]&lt;/s&gt; }}
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]]&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]]''' ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]])&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; 20:18, 29 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:16, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
{{arşîv-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6n1bykonqld04sg9b2ej38k1ur6otvg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gotûbêj:komtîp</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>1358181</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290847</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:08:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[MediaWiki:Gadget-aWa.js/belgekirin|aWa]]: Arşîvkirina nîqaşê ji rûpela [[Wîkîferheng:Daxwazên peyitandinê]]</comment>
      <origin>6290847</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1070" sha1="eex2bj2p1bp0aq9q6jcdf6m5gmbkyfe" xml:space="preserve">== Nîqaşa [[Wîkîferheng:Daxwazên peyitandinê|peyitandinê]] ==

{{arşîv-ser|dp|failed|link=Taybet:PermanentLink/6277193#komtîp}}
{{fake==|1= &lt;s&gt;[[komtîp]]&lt;/s&gt; }}

''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]]&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]]''' ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]])&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; 20:19, 29 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)

:845û* Husein Muhemmed 2016 [https://zimannas.wordpress.com/2016/03/13/kurdizar-ferhenga-sorani-kurmanci-e/]
:* Kovara deng [https://www.kovaradeng.com/upload/arsivpdf/Deng%20110.pdf] Mana ne alfabe ye &quot;komtîpên « dj, kh, tch » yê, li cîyê dengên me yên ku bi « c, x, ç » yê hatine dîyarkirin de bikaranîne&quot;
:* resadcibrani.blogspot [https://resadcibrani.blogspot.com/p/lekolin.html] tarîx û nivîskar ne belî ye.
:Çavkaniyên Instagram, Tiktok, Facebook nayê qebûlkirin loma: 
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:25, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
{{arşîv-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>eex2bj2p1bp0aq9q6jcdf6m5gmbkyfe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gotûbêj:tîpgel</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>1358182</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6290848</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T17:08:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[MediaWiki:Gadget-aWa.js/belgekirin|aWa]]: Arşîvkirina nîqaşê ji rûpela [[Wîkîferheng:Daxwazên peyitandinê]]</comment>
      <origin>6290848</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="568" sha1="ppofe9we2h5751xrmahdd573r8xclbt" xml:space="preserve">== Nîqaşa [[Wîkîferheng:Daxwazên peyitandinê|peyitandinê]] ==

{{arşîv-ser|dp|failed|link=Taybet:PermanentLink/6277193#tîpgel}}
{{fake==|1= &lt;s&gt;[[tîpgel]]&lt;/s&gt; }}
''[[Wîkîferheng:Pîvekên tevlîkirinê|Çavkanî hewce ye]].'' —[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]]&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''[[Bikarhêner:Balyozxane|Balyozxane]]''' ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]])&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; 20:19, 29 kanûna paşîn 2025 (UTC)
:{{nepeyitandî}}--[[Bikarhêner:Wikihez|Wikihez]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Wikihez|gotûbêj]]) 16:26, 17 tîrmeh 2026 (UTC)
{{arşîv-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ppofe9we2h5751xrmahdd573r8xclbt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>feşandin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1358183</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6291514</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T20:32:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rûpel bi &quot;== {{ziman|ku}} ==  === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}} # Tiştekî li ciyekî fireh belav kirin.  ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî|ku}}  ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}}&quot; hat çêkirin</comment>
      <origin>6291514</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="190" sha1="6yem8ersqrdk36kiv5xl70zlaloq645" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# Tiştekî li ciyekî fireh belav kirin.

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>6yem8ersqrdk36kiv5xl70zlaloq645</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291515</id>
      <parentid>6291514</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T20:32:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Werger: +tirkî : [[yaymak]]; +îngilîzî : [[spread]] (bi alîkarî)</comment>
      <origin>6291515</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="248" sha1="cja1goalbikk81sjtag9uposg57wwju" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# Tiştekî li ciyekî fireh belav kirin.

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|spread}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yaymak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>cja1goalbikk81sjtag9uposg57wwju</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291517</id>
      <parentid>6291515</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T20:37:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lêker */</comment>
      <origin>6291517</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="403" sha1="ikellbcskd6nxqrhhloy4hfclkvypaw" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# Tiştekî li ciyekî fireh belav kirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî}}|jêgirtin=Cebhet û dêm-i neqqişand&lt;/br&gt;Misk û zubad-i lê '''feşand'''&lt;/br&gt;Nûrê ji zulmetê reşand}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|spread}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yaymak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>ikellbcskd6nxqrhhloy4hfclkvypaw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291519</id>
      <parentid>6291517</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T20:45:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lêker */</comment>
      <origin>6291519</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="428" sha1="8aoh9h0zpcso4tdcx581k85mvq0kbwa" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# Tiştekî li ciyekî fireh belav kirin.
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî}}|jêgirtin=Cebhet û dêm-i neqqişand&lt;/br&gt;Misk û zubad-i lê '''feşand'''&lt;/br&gt;Nûrê ji zulmetê reşand}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|spread}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yaymak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>8aoh9h0zpcso4tdcx581k85mvq0kbwa</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291520</id>
      <parentid>6291519</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T20:57:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wikihez</username>
        <id>7344</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>6291520</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="454" sha1="roegioyqqyh7f4u6mdt7xtjqk6ah6my" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[tişt|Tiştekî]] li [[cih|ciyekî]] [[fireh]] [[belav kirin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî}}|jêgirtin=Cebhet û dêm-i neqqişand&lt;/br&gt;Misk û zubad-i lê '''feşand'''&lt;/br&gt;Nûrê ji zulmetê reşand}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|spread}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yaymak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>roegioyqqyh7f4u6mdt7xtjqk6ah6my</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>6291524</id>
      <parentid>6291520</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-25T21:14:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Keyomerd</username>
        <id>8814</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lêker */</comment>
      <origin>6291524</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="523" sha1="g7jkk1i4k74ag7p1bgcc72j6p7edhz1" xml:space="preserve">== {{ziman|ku}} ==

=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|feşandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=feşîn|borî=feşand}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[tişt|Tiştekî]] li [[cih|ciyekî]] [[fireh]] [[belav kirin]].
#* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî}}|jêgirtin=Cebhet û dêm-i neqqişand&lt;/br&gt;Misk û zubad-i lê '''feşand'''&lt;/br&gt;Nûrê ji zulmetê reşand}}

==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî|ku}}

==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|spread}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yaymak}}
{{werger-bin}}</text>
      <sha1>g7jkk1i4k74ag7p1bgcc72j6p7edhz1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>