Vicipaedia lawiki https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Pagina_prima MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.26 first-letter Media Specialis Disputatio Usor Disputatio Usoris Vicipaedia Disputatio Vicipaediae Fasciculus Disputatio Fasciculi MediaWiki Disputatio MediaWiki Formula Disputatio Formulae Auxilium Disputatio Auxilii Categoria Disputatio Categoriae Porta Disputatio Portae Adumbratio Disputatio Adumbrationis TimedText TimedText talk Modulus Disputatio Moduli Event Event talk 0 726 3958403 3956248 2026-05-05T04:35:59Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958403 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Black Sea relief location map.svg|thumb|Tabula Ponti Euxini (Maris Nigri).]]{{Videdis|Pontus}} {{res|Pontus Euxinus}}<ref>{{Hofmannus}}, [http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof3/s0840b.html t. III, p. 840.]</ref> ([[Graece]] Εὔξεινος Πόντος, ''Mare Hospitale'') vel {{res|Pontus}} tantum, sive {{res|Mare Scythicum}} et {{res|Mare Nigrum}}<ref>{{Graesse}}</ref>, est [[mare mediterraneum (oceanographia)|mare mediterraneum]] ab [[Europa]], [[Anatolia]], et [[Caucasus|Caucaso]] finitum, quod ad [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Oceanum Atlanticum]] via maribus [[Mare Mediterraneum|Mediterraneo]] et [[Mare Aegaeum|Aegaeo]] et variis [[fretum|fretis]] adligatur. [[Bosporus]], [[fretum]] [[Byzantium|Byzantinum]], in veterrima [[civitas|civitate]] [[Graecia antiqua|Graeca]], Pontum ad [[Propontis|Propontidem]] adligat, et [[Hellespontus]] fretum illud [[mare]] ad [[regio]]nem Mare Aegaeum Mediterranei conectit. Hae [[aqua]]e [[Europa Orientalis|Europam Orientalem]] et [[Asia occidentalis|Asiam Occidentalem]] separant. Pontus praeterea ad [[Palus Maeotis|Paludem Maeotidem]] a [[Bosporus Cimmerius|Bosporo Cimmerio]] adligat. [[Fasciculus:Black Sea Coast of Batumi, Georgia (Europe).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Pontus Euxinus (Mare Nigrum) [[Bathys|Bathy]] in urbe [[GeorgiaGeorgiana]].]] Pontus Euxinus [[area (geometria)|aream]] plus quam 422 milia [[chiliometrum|chm²]], [[capacitas et volumen|volumen]] autem circa 555 milia [[chiliometrum|chm³]] habet. Maxima huius maris [[altitudo]] est 2210 metra, mediocris 1240 metra. [[Fasciculus:The Swallow's Nest castle on the Aurora cliffs of cape Ai-Todor (2005-09-229).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Nidus Hirundinis, villa prisca in [[paeninsula]] [[Crimaea]] sita.]] Inter [[flumen|flumina]] quae in Pontum defluunt sunt [[Asiaces]],<ref>Vulgo ''Tiligul''; [[Pomponius Mela|Pomponii Melae]] ''Chorographia'' II 7; vel ''Axiaces'', — [[Plinius Maior|Plinii]] ''[[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Hist. nat.]]'' II 230, IV 82; {{Scatebranus|561}}</ref> [[Borysthenes]] ([[Danapris]]), [[Enguri]]<ref>[[Georgius Henricus Lünemann|G.H. Lünemann]], [https://books.google.es/books?hl=ru&id=Pj75q0pGu2EC&q=Enguri#v=snippet&q=Enguri&f=false ''Descriptio Caucasi'', pp. 34, 43].</ref>, [[Halys]], [[Hister]], [[Hypanis (Ucraina)|Hypanis]], [[Ingulus]], [[Sangarius]], [[Phasis (flumen)|Phasis]], [[Tyras]], et alia. [[Insula|Insuli]]s magnis Pontus caret, praeter [[lingua terrae|linguas terrae]], [[sinus]] a mari seiungentes (sicut [[Dromos Achilleos]] et [[Cephalonesos]]); ex insularum parvarum numero [[Achillea]] insula in parte maris septentrionis et occidentalis memoranda est. == De nomine == === De nomine antiquissimo === Pontus Euxinus in [[Euripides|Euripidea]] ''[[Iphigenia in Tauris|Iphigenia Taurica]]'' pontus Axinus (ἄξεινος, inhospitalis) appellatur.<ref>Versus 218, 395, et passim alias. Confer [[Plinius Maior|Plinium Maiorem]] VI.1ː ''Pontus Euxinus, antea ab inhospitali feritate Axinus appellatus''.</ref> Hoc est mare sine hospitibus, mare quod hospites non recipit, mare hospitibus infestumː quod optime cum argumento [[tragoedia]]e congruit. Quod [[nomen proprium|nomen]] antiquissimum nomen Graecum fuisse creditur, et postea in Euxinum ("hospitibus amicus") infausti ominis vitandi causa mutatum esse. Nam ''axinus'' translitteratio Graeca verbi Iranici<ref>Sermo Scytharum Iranicus erat.</ref> esse videtur, quod [[cyaneus|cyaneum]]<ref>[[Euripides]], ''[[Iphigenia in Tauris]]'' 393.</ref> [[color]]em designabat (sensus 'mare inhospitale' ex [[Paretymologia|etymologia populari]] natus est)<ref>E. Boisacq, [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_1924_num_3_2_6291 "Le nom de la mer Noire en grec ancien,"] ''Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire'' (1924): 315–17.</ref>. ===De nominibus hodiernis=== Hodierna maris nomina plerumque 'Mare Nigrum' [[significatio (linguistica)|significant]], ut in [[civitas|civitatibus]] quae mare adiacent:<ref>{{cite book|author=Özhan Öztürk|url=http://www.karalahana.com/makaleler/karadeniz/karadeniz-ozhan-ozturk.htm|title=Karadeniz Ansiklopedik Sözlük|publisher=Heyamola Yayınları|year=[[2005]]|place=Constantinopoli|pages=617–20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015182227/http://www.karalahana.com/makaleler/karadeniz/karadeniz-ozhan-ozturk.htm|archive-date=15 Octobris 2012|url-status=dead}}.</ref> * [[Abasgice]] Амшын Еиқәа (liiteris Latinis ''Amʂən Eikʰʷa'', [[Abecedarium Phoneticum Internationale|Abecedario Phonetico Internationali]] ɑmʂɨn ɛjkʷʰɑ) * [[Adygeice]] Хы шӏуцӏэ (''Xı ṩʔutsʔə'', xə ʃʼəw.t͡sʼa) * [[Armenice]] Սեւ ծով (''Sev tsov'', sɛv t͡sɔv) * [[Bulgarice]] Черно море (''Černo more'', t͡ʃɛrno moˈrɛ) * [[Dacoromanice]] ''Marea Neagră'' (''mare̯a ne̯aɡrə'') * [[Georgiane]] შავი ზღვა (''shavi zghva'', ʃɑvi zɣvɑ) * [[Lingua Lazica|Lazice]] et [[Mingrelice]] უჩა ზუღა (''Ucha Zugha'', utʃɑ zuɣɑ), vel breviter ზუღა (''Zugha'', zuɣɑ, i.e. "Mare") * [[Russice]] Чёрное мо́рe (Čjornoje móre,ˈtɕornəjə ˈmorʲə) * [[Tatarice Taurice]] Къара денъиз (''Qara deñiz'', qɑrɑ deŋiz) * [[Turcice]] ''Karadeniz'' (kaˈɾadeniz) * [[Ucrainice]] Чорне море (''Čorne more'', ˈtʃɔrnɛ ˈmɔrɛ) Quae autem nomina in [[litterae|litteris]] ante [[saeculum 13|saeculo tertio decimo]] non inveniuntur.<ref>Schmitt 1989: 310–13.</ref> In [[Graecia]], ''Mare Euxinum,'' nomen [[historia|historicum]], cui est altera significatio, iam late adhibetur: *[[Neograece]] Eύξεινος Πόντος (litteris Latinis ''Eúxinos Póndos'', [[Abecedarium Phoneticum Internationale|Abecedario Phonetico Internationali]]ˈefksinos ˈpondos); nomen Neograecum Μαύρη Θάλασσα (Mávri Thálassa, ˈmavri ˈθalasa), <small>lit.</small> "Mare Nigrum", etiam adhibetur, sed minime. == De gentibus olim circumiacentibus == [[Gens|Gentes]] et [[regnum|regna]], quae in [[litus|litoribus]] Ponti [[floruit|florebant]], tam permulta erant, ut vix enumerari possint. Antiquitus [[Thraces]] [[occidens|occidentale]] litus Ponti colebant, [[Scythae]] [[Tauri|Taurique]] [[septentrio]]nale, [[Abasci (antiqui)|Abasgi]] et [[Colchis|Colchi]] [[oriens|orientale]], [[Phrygia|Phryges]] aliaeque [[Asia Minor|Asiaeque Minoris]] gentes [[meridies|meridianum]]. [[Millennium 1 a.C.n.|Millennio primo a.C.n.]], permultae [[colonia]]e Graecae Pontu circumcingentes deductae sunt. [[Urbs|Urbium]] Graecarum in litore [[Asia]]tico [[Heraclea Pontica]], [[Sinope]], [[Trapezus]], [[Cerasus (urbs)|Cerasus]] nominandae sunt, in litore Thracico [[Salmydessus]], [[Mesembria]], [[Odessus (Bulgaria)|Odessus]], [[Constantia (Romania)|Tomis]], in [[Scythia]] [[Tyras (urbs)|Tyras]], [[Olbia Pontica]], [[Tanais (urbs)|Tanais]], [[Bata]], [[Gorgippia]], in [[Crimaea|Tauride]] [[Chersonesus (urbs)|Chersonesus Taurica]], [[Eupatoria|Cercinitis]], [[Calos Limen]], [[Kertschia|Panticapaeum]], in Caucasico litore [[Bathys|Bathys Limen]], [[Phasis (urbs)|Phasis]], [[Dioscurias]]. [[Imperium|Imperia]] [[Imperium Romanum|Romanum]], [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|Byzantinum]], [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Ottomanicum]], [[Imperium Russicum|Russicum]] litora Ponti possidebant. Hodie litus meridianum [[Turcia|Turcicum]] est, occidentale [[Bulgaria|Bulgaricum]] et [[Romania|Romanicum]], septentrionale [[Ucraina|Ucrainicum]] et [[Russia|Russicum]], orientale [[Abasgia|Abasgicum]] et [[Georgia]]num. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Ascherson, Neal. [[1996]]. ''Black Sea.'' Vintage. ISBN 0-09-959371-8. * Dimitrov, Petko, et Dimitar Dimitrov. [[2004]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141006084203/http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=392&Itemid=88 ''The Black Sea, the Flood an the Ancient Myths.''] Varna. * Ghervas, Stella. [[2008]]. Odessa et les confins de l'Europe: un éclairage historique. In ''Lieux d'Europe: Mythes et limites,'' ed. Stella Ghervas et François Rosset. Lutetiae: Editions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme. ISBN 978-2-7351-1182-4. * [[Carolus King (auctor)|King, Charles]].[[2004]]. ''The Black Sea: A History.'' ISBN 0-19-924161-9. * Ryan, William, et Walter Pitman. [[1999]]. ''Noah's Flood.'' ISBN 0-684-85920-3. * Öztürk, Özhan. [[2005]]. ''Karadeniz: Ansiklopedik Sözlük.'' (Mare Nigrum: Dictionarium Encyclopaedicum.) 2 voll. Istanbul: Heyamola Publishing. ISBN 975-6121-00-9. * Schmitt, Rüdiger. [[1996]]. Considerations on the Name of the Black Sea. In ''Hellas und der griechische Osten,'' 219–24. Saarbrücken. * West, Stephanie. [[2003]]. "The Most Marvellous of All Seas:The Greek Encounter with the Euxine." ''Greece & Rome'' 50 (2): 51–167. * Агбунов М. В., ''Античная лоция Чёрного моря.'' — Мoscuae: Наука, [[1987]]. * Кузьминская Г. Г. ''Чёрное море.'' — Краснодар: Кн. изд-во, [[1972]]. * Сорокин Ю. И. ''Чёрное море: Природа, ресурсы.'' — Мoscuae: Наука, [[1982]]. * Степанов В., Андреев В. ''Чёрное море.'' — Л. : Гидрометеоиздат, [[1981]]. * Филиппов Д. М. ''Циркуляция и структура вод Чёрного моря.'' — Мoscuae: Наука, [[1968]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Black Sea|Pontum Euxinum}} {{Fontes geographici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200929132132/https://bigenc.ru/geography/text/4683148 Pagina de Ponto Euxino (Mari Nigro) ''Encyclopaediae Russicae Magnae.''] {{ling|Russice}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Geographia}} [[Categoria:Pontus Euxinus|!]] fw8i45k1ls2gqipryxj7mg8ek7g6nbl 0 799 3958342 3923498 2026-05-04T16:11:43Z Bavarese 43163 /* Iuvenis et triumvir */ vel "divi filium" 3958342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L-1}} {{Capsa principis Vicidata | nomen = Augustus | titulus = [[Index Imperatorum Romanorum|primus]] imperator Romanus | image = Statue-Augustus.jpg | caption = Statua Augusti, [[Augustus loricatus]] dicta | image_size = | principatus = [[16 Ianuarii|16 Ian.]] [[27 a.C.n.]]—[[19 Augusti]] [[14]] | coronatio = | investitura = | nomen_plenum = Imperator Gaius Iulius Divi Filius Caesar Octavianus Augustus | nomen_natale = | sermo_proprius1 = | sermo_proprius1_nomen1 = | sermo_proprius2 = | sermo_proprius2_nomen1 = | baptisma = | partus = [[23 Septembris]] [[63 a.C.n.]] | locus_natalis = [[Roma antiqua|Roma]] | obitus = [[19 Augusti]] [[14]] (75 annos) | locus_mortis = [[Nola]] | dies_sepulturae = | locus_sepulturae = [[Mausoleum Augusti]] | predecessor = | typus_successoris = | heres = | successor = [[Tiberius (imperator)|Tiberius]] | regina = | consors = | uxor = [[Clodia Pulchra]] ([[42 a.C.n.|42]]–[[40 a.C.n.|40]]) | uxor 1 = [[Scribonia]] ([[40 a.C.n.|40]]–[[38 a.C.n.|38]]) | uxor 2 = [[Livia|Livia Drusilla]] ([[37 a.C.n.|37]]–[[14]]) | domus = | hymnus_regalis = | sententia_regalis = | pater = [[Gaius Octavius]] | mater = [[Atia Balba Caesonia]] | prognati = [[Iulia maior]]<br/>[[Gaius Iulius Caesar Vipsanianus]] (adoptatus)<br/>[[Lucius Caesar]] (adoptatus)<br/>[[Agrippa Postumus]] (adoptatus)<br/>[[Tiberius (imperator)|Tiberius]] (adoptatus) | religio = | signatura = }} '''Augustus''', [[nomen|nomine]] nativo '''Gaius Octavius,''' adoptione '''Gaius Iulius Caesar Octavianus,''' deinde '''Imperator Caesar Divi filius Augustus,''' post [[mors|mortem]] '''Divus Augustus''' tantum<ref>[[Graece]] Γάϊος Ὀκταούιος (Dio Cassius, lib. 45), denuo Καῖσαρ Σεβαστός θεός (Lucianus, ''Macrobii'' 21), h.e. "Gaius Octavius" et "Caesar Augustus deus."</ref> (natus ante diem IX Kal. Octobribus, [[Marcus Tullius Cicero|M. Tullio Cicerone]] [[Gaius Antonius Hybrida|C. Antonio Hybrida]] consulibus, sive [[23 Septembris]] [[63 a.C.n.]]; mortuus ante diem XIV Kal. Septembribus, [[Marcus Iunius Silanus Torquatus|M. Iunio Silano Torquato]] [[Lucius Norbanus Balbus|L. Norbano Balbo]] consulibus, sive [[19 Augusti]] [[14]] [[Anno Domini|p.C.n.]]), fuit [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaii Iulii Caesaris]] [[dictator]]is [[heres]] et [[Bella Civilia (44-30 a.C.n.)|bellorum]] [[Triumviratus alter|triumviratus secundi]] [[victor]], qui ab anno 723 [[AUC|a.V.c]] [[30 a.C.n.]] fere usque ad mortem [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] praefuit. Seriem [[imperator]]um vel Caesarum qui [[Romani]]s modo [[monarchia|monarchico]] imperaverunt condidit. ==De origine et nominibus== Fuit [[filius]] [[Gaius Octavius|C. Octavii]] [[eques Romanus|equitis]] [[plebs|plebei]] et [[Atia (Augusti mater)|Atia]]e; haec filia [[soror]]is erat [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|C. Caesaris]] [[dictator]]is futuri. C. Octavius duas filias genuit, quarum [[Octavia maior|maior]] (e matrimonio primo) [[Sextus Appuleius (praefectus urbi Romae)|Sex. Appuleio]] nupserit; [[Octavia minor|minor]] autem, soror Octavii nostri uterina, a [[Marcus Antonius|M. Antonio]] triumviro ducta erit. Octavius ipse, natu minimus, [[Roma]]e natus est "[[63 a.C.n.|M. Tullio Cicerone, C. Antonio conss.]] [[23 Septembris]], paulo ante solis exortum, [[regio]]ne [[Palatinus mons|Palati]], [[ad Capita Bubulo]]," sicut Suetonius minutius refert.<ref>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]],'' "Divus Augustus" 5; de fama nativitatis Augusti "in avito suburbano iuxta [[Velitrae|Velitras]]" vide cap. 6</ref> A parentibus "[[C.]] Octavius" nominatus est; cui nomini addere licet, secundum [[Suetonius|Suetonium]], cognomen vel agnomen "Thurinus" e [[pagus Thurinus|regione]] ubi parentes habitabant: :"Thurinum [[cognomen|cognominatum]] satis certa probatione tradiderim, nactus [[puer]]ilem imagunculam eius [[aër]]eam veterem, [[ferrum|ferreis]] et paene iam exolescentibus [[littera|litteris]] hoc nomine inscriptam, quae dono a me [[Hadrianus (imperator)|principi]] data inter cubiculi [[Lares]] colitur. Sed et a [[Marcus Antonius|M. Antonio]] in [[Epistulae Marci Antonii|epistolis]] per contumeliam saepe Thurinus appellatur, et ipse nihil amplius quam mirari se rescribit, pro obprobrio sibi prius nomen obici."<ref>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]],'' "Divus Augustus," 7.</ref> A [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaio Iulio Caesare]], [[mater|matris]] [[avunculus|avunculo]], per testamentum [[adoptio|adoptatus]], nomen "C. Iulius C. f. Caesar" a [[44 a.C.n.|44]] (quo anno ille necatus est) gessit, sed a [[42 a.C.n.|42]] "C. Iulius Divi f. Caesar" (C. Caesare iam inter deos recepto); ab anno fere 31 vel antea "Imperator Caesar Divi f.". His appellationibus a quibusdam additur "Octavianus", quo agnomine commemoratur gens eius originalis.<ref>"Caesar Octavianus": [[Cicero]], [[Epistulae ad familiares]] 12.23.2, 12.25.4; sic etiam [[Gaius Asinius Pollio]], [[Epistulae ad familiares|ibidem]] 10.33.3. Apud historicos recentiores "C. Iulius C. f. Caesar (Octavianus)": sic e.g. Syme (1933) p. 307 ff.</ref> Die [[16 Ianuarii]] [[27 a.C.n.|27]], [[Senatus Romanus|Senatus]] agnomen honorificum ''Augustus'' ei concessit; abeo appellatus est "Imperator Caesar Divi f. Augustus," idque nomen usque ad mortem gessit. Post obitum inter [[deus|deos]] receptus, Divus Augustus appellatur. Mensis Sextilis quoque est nominata ex Augusto. Qui nominibus simplicibus uti velint ''Octavium'' usque ad 44 a.C.n. nuncupant, ''Octavianum'' inde ad 27 a.C.n., at postea ''Augustum'' ([[Graece]] {{Polytonic|Ὀκτάβιος}}, {{Polytonic|Ὀκταβιανός}}, {{Polytonic|Αὔγουστος}} sive {{Polytonic|Σεβαστός}}). == Iuvenis et triumvir == [[Fasciculus:NAMA Auguste.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|[[Augustus (statua equestris Atheniensis)|Fragmentum statuae equestris]] Octaviani iuvenis [[Athenae|Athenis]] in [[Museum Archaeologicum Nationale (Athenae)|Museo Archaeologico Nationali]] servatum.]] [[Gaius Octavius|Patre]] anno [[59 a.C.n.]] mortuo, [[mater]] [[Lucius Marcius Philippus (consul 56 a.C.n.)|L. Philippo]] nupsit. Ei erat una soror, nomine Octavia Minor. Octavius duodecimum annum agens [[avia]]m [[Iulia (M. Balbi uxor)|Iuliam]] defunctam pro contione laudavit; qua mortua vitricus L. Philippus cum matre [[iuvenis|iuvenem]] [[educatio|erudiendam]] curavit. Hic [[toga virilis|togam virilem]] curulis legati die [[18 Octobris]] [[48 a.C.n.|48]] sumpsit<ref>"XV K(alendas) Nov<e=I>mbr(es): eo die Caesar togam virilem sumpsit; supplicatio Spei et Iuve[ntuti]": [[Feriale Cumanum]] ({{CIL|10|03875}}) v. 5.</ref> eodemque tempore ad [[Collegium Pontificum]] electus est, loco [[Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 54 a.C.n.)|L. Ahenobarbi]] nuper mortui usurpato.<ref>[[Nicolaus Damascenus]], ''[[Vita Augusti (Nicolaus)|Vita Augusti]]'' ({{FGrH}} 90 F 127)</ref> Etsi [[res militaris|rei militaris]] expers militaribus donis anno [[46 a.C.n.]] [[Triumphi Gai Iulii Caesaris|triumpho Caesaris Africano]] adiudicatus est; pro Caesare [[ludus scaenicus|ludis scaenicis]] tam [[Latine|Latinis]] quam [[Graece|Graecis]] ostentatis praesedit; [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|M. Agrippae]] a [[pueritia]] amicus, clementiam pro [[frater|fratre]] [[Lucius Vipsanius Agrippa (filius)|Lucio Agrippa]], [[Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis|Catonis]] sectatore iamque Caesaris captivo, postulavit. Paulo postea aegrotabat, sed mox Caesarem in [[Hispania]]s adversus [[Gnaeus Pompeius|Cn. Pompeium]] per infestas hostibus vias, [[naufragium]] etiam passus, cum paucis comitibus subsecutus est.<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Divus Augustus," 8; [[Nicolaus Damascenus]], ''[[Vita Augusti (Nicolaus)|Vita Augusti]],'' 3-15.</ref> Caesar expeditionem in [[Dacia|Dacos]] et inde in [[Parthia|Parthos]] intendens, Octavio ad has res praeparandas [[Apollonia]]m praemisso, [[15 Martii|Idibus Martiis]] [[44 a.C.n.]] necatus est. Octavius, qui litteras de morte avunculi statim a matre recepit, an ad exercitum eo tempore in [[Macedonia (provincia Romana)|Macedonia]] collocatum, praefecto [[Marcus Acilius Caninus|M. Acilio]], properare oporteret dubitavit; statuit autem in [[Italia]]m redire. [[Lupiae|Lupias]] igitur indeque [[Brundisium]] profectus certior factus est seipsum heredem Caesaris principalem esse. Vitrico eum per epistulas hereditatem nomenque Caesaris abicere suadente, matre dubitante, Octavius accipere patremque adoptivum vindicare decrevit.<ref>[[Nicolaus Damascenus]], ''[[Vita Augusti (Nicolaus)|Vita Augusti]]'' 16-18; [[Suetonius]], "Divus Augustus" 8; [[Velleius Paterculus]], ''[[Historiae (Velleius)|Historiae]]'' 2.59-60</ref> Neapolim<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Epistulae ad Atticum]]'' 14.10-12.</ref> et inde Romam sine mora progressus, laude fideque legionum et clientium Caesaris graduatim congestis, die [[6 Maii]] [[44 a.C.n.|44]] in urbem advenit. Ibi a [[Marcus Antonius (triumvir)|M. Antonio]] solo [[consul]]e, dictatoris mortui [[magister equitum|equitum magistro]] primum sicut cliens, mox sicut aemulus receptus est. Anno 44 exeunte Antonius ad [[Gallia Cisalpina|Galliam Cisalpinam]] recessit, quam provinciam suam (contra [[Decimus Iunius Brutus Albinus|D. Brutum]] Caesaris sicarius) frustra reclamabat. "Octavianus" (sic enim abhinc oportet nuncupare) iussu senatús ibi die [[21 Aprilis]] [[43 a.C.n.|43]] cum [[consul]]e [[Aulus Hirtius|Aulo Hirtio]] in [[proelium iuxta Mutinam (43 a.C.n.|proelio]] iuxta [[Mutina]]m Antonium aggressus est, bono successu. Decimo Bruto autem ob victorias a Senatú laudato et elevato, Octavianus Romam cum [[exercitus|exercitu]] aggressus est consulatumque (Hirtio et [[Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus|Pansa]] in proeliis mortuis) pro se et cognatum [[Quintus Pedius|Q. Pedium]] die [[17 Augusti]] [[43 a.C.n.|43]] reclamavit. Mense Octobri, [[Bononia]]m profectus, se cum [[Marcus Antonius|Marco Antonio]] [[Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (triumvir)|Marcoque Lepido]] [[triumviratus|triumviratu]] iunxit; qui mox sicarios a [[Roma]] expulserunt multosque alios, ad numerum duorum milium tam senatorum quam equitum, in [[proscriptio]]nibus damnaverunt. Proscripti sunt [[Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero]] (et fugiens statim necatus), [[Lucius Iulius Caesar (consul 64 a.C.n.)|Lucius Caesar]] Antonii avunculus (sed postea exculpatus), [[Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus|Lucius Lepidus Paullus]] Marci Lepidi [[frater]], qui apud [[Marcus Iunius Brutus|Marcum Iunium Brutum]] effugit. [[Fasciculus:Antony with Octavian aureus.jpg|thumb|[[Aureus]] effigies [[Marcus Antonius|M. Antonii]] et Octaviani monstrans, anno 41 a.C.n. ad [[Triumviratus#Alter Triumviratus|Triumviratum]] commemorandum incusus. Obv.: <small>M ANT IMP AVG III VIR R P C M BARBAT Q P</small>. Rev.: <small>CAESAR IMP PONT III VIR R P C</small>.]] A die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[42 a.C.n.]], C. Caesare decreto Senatús inter deos numeratus, Octaviano "Divi filius" nuncupari licuit. Mense Octobri eiusdem anni ille cum Antonio et M. Agrippa bis in [[Proelium iuxta Philippos commissum|proelio]] iuxta [[Philippi|Philippos]] [[Marcus Iunius Brutus|M. Brutum]] et [[Gaius Cassius Longinus|C. Cassium]] debellaverunt, qui ambo mortem sibi consciverunt. Octavianus ipse, in proelio haud bene meritus, contra inimicos devictos se crudelem monstravit. Quo facto imperium inter triumviros depertitum est, Gallia, Hispania et Italia Octaviano attributis, Lepido Africa et Sicilia, Antonio [[Aegyptus]]. Octavianus Romam rediit, ubi eum reginam [[Cleopatra VII|Cleopatram]], amatam quondam Iulii Caesaris, [[uxor]]em duxisse Octavianus nuntiavit Romae, et autem Antonium non esse virum verum Romanum, cum reginae Aegyptiae provincias Romanas dedisset; [[bellum]] contra eum non itaque civile fore. Antonius autem [[Ptolemaeus Caesar|Caesarion]]i, filio Cleopatrae Caesarisque, favit, annoque [[31 a.C.n.]] ad [[Actium]] [[Actiaca pugna|pugna navali]] contra Octavianum decertavit. Octavianus et Agrippa eum vicerunt et Antonius Cleopatraque mortem sibi consciverunt. [[Aegyptus]] autem provincia Octaviani, paene regnum clientele, sub praefectis fiebat, qui equestrem ordinem ab eo obtinuerant hanc ementissimam terram ad administrandam; [[senator]]es ne itinera eo facerent vetiti sunt. ==Imperator== [[Fasciculus:August_Labicana_Massimo_Inv56230.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|[[Augusti Pontificis Maximi effigies]] ([[Museum Nationale Romanum]]).]] Post [[Actiaca pugna|Actiacam Pugnam]], Octavianus [[exercitus|exercitum]] suum dimisit. [[Consul]]atus quinquennium gessit, sed anno [[27 a.C.n.]] potestates [[Senatus|Senatui]] reddidit honores et gratias exspectans, cum [[bellum civile|bella civilia]] longa finivisset. Tunc et [[clipeus virtutis]] ei datus est. Senatus etiam ei imperium [[proconsul]]are [[Hispania]]e, [[Gallia]]e, [[Syria]]e, et Aegypti dedit—[[duodecim]] de viginti-duo provinciis in toto. Legatos Augustus misit pro praetore ad suas [[provincia]]s administrandas. "Per consensum omnium universorum potitus rerum omnium" ipse scripsit.<ref>''[[Res gestae Divi Augusti]]'' 34.</ref> Alteri legati [[proconsul]]ibus, quibus provinciae sine copias a senatu mandatae erant, responsa respectaverunt, quae ad legatos Augusti ab eo data erant. Etiam appellationem Augusti enim senatus dedit ac titulum Principis Senatus, quod ei dabat primam in Senatu Romano vocem. Augustus autem publice Princeps appellari maluit. Anno [[23 a.C.n.]], consulatum repudiavit et [[tribunus|tribunatum]] iniit nomine tribunicia potestas (quia patricius adoptione fuerat). Pontificem autem maximum esse necesse ei vidit. Patronus omnium incolarum Italiae et regnarum clientelium autem fiebat, auctoritate, non potestate maiorem esse quam ceteros nobiles voluit. Et quia divitissimus omnium esset, et nomen Caesaris tulerit, id adipisci potuit. Augustus magna cum sagacitate prudentiaque primum locum rei publicae gessit. Cum custodes habuerit, tamen erant secretos. Natura infirme exercitus non ipse duxit—bis id conatus—sed Germanicum et Tiberium in [[Germani|Germanos]] misit. Primum autem exercitum perpetuum creavit in loco huius [[agricola (munus)|agricolarum]] Italicae; limites imperii castris legionum et cohortum et autem [[murus|muris]] vel vallis inter eas munivit. Romae [[praetoriani]]s novum praesidium conlocavit, quod etiam principem ipsum defenderet. Nulla cetera bella maiora gessit, at fines imperii [[Danubius|Danuvii]] et [[Rhenus|Rheni]] instituit. Solus conatus limites propagare [[Clades Variana|cladem Varianam]] (sub [[Publius Quinctilius Varus|Publio Quinctilio Varo]]) anno [[9]] tulit. Multos per [[annus|annos]] conatus est [[Germania]]m subicere, sed [[Cherusci]], [[Arminius|Arminio]] duce, resistebant. Augustus in oriente imperium in [[Armenia]] instituit, et [[pax|pacem]] cum [[Parthia|Parthis]] composuit. Roma sub eius imperio placidissima et felicissima habebatur. Incipit Pax Romana, aetas centum annorum. Apud [[Suetonius|Suetonium]], "urbem neque pro maiestate imperii ornatam et inundationibus incendiisque obnoxiam excoluit adeo, ut iure sit gloriatus [[marmoream se relinquere quam latericiam accepisset]]." Novam [[iudicium|curiam]], novas aedes, et [[Theatrum Pompeii]] [[aedificium|aedificavit]]. Etiam Augusto [[patronus|patrono]] [[ars|artium]], [[poeta]]s, [[pictor]]es, [[sculptor]]es [[architectura|archictectosque]] adiuvit. Patronus [[Gaius Maecenas]], [[rerum scriptor]] [[Livius]], et poetae [[Ovidius]], [[Propertius]], [[Tibullus]], et praecipue [[Quintus Horatius Flaccus|Horatius]] [[Publius Vergilius Maro|Vergiliusque]] sub imperio [[floruit|floruerunt]]. ==Familia et successio== Octavianus [[Claudia (Octaviani uxor)|Claudia]]m, [[Publius Clodius Pulcher|P. Clodii Pulchri]] et [[Fulvia (Marci Antonii uxor)|Fulvia]]e[[ filia]]m, in [[matrimonium]] duxit, sed intactam matri remisit. Postea [[Scribonia (Octaviani uxor)|Scribonia]]m [[uxor]]em duxit, e qua genuit [[Iulia Maior|Iuliam]], eius filia sola, sed Scriboniam quoque reiecit ut [[Livia Drusilla|Liviam]], filiam [[Marcus Livius Drusus Claudianus|Marci Livii Drusi Claudiani]] Aufidiaeque, duceret. Tempore mortis Augusti, ad liberam rem publicam reverti cum non potuissent, successorem invenire necesse erat. Ab Augusto primus antepositus erat [[Marcellus]], vir filiae Iuliae, sed Marcellus obiit, fortasse [[venenum|veneno]] necatus, anno [[23 a.C.n.]]. Eodem anno, Augustus aegrescebat et putabat se mox moriturum. Propter hoc, [[anulus|anulum]] suum tradidit Agrippae, sed Augustus vires recuperavit. Post mortem Marcelli, Iulia [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|Marco Agrippae]] nupsit, cuius [[liberi]] erant [[Gaius Caesar]], [[Lucius Caesar]], [[Iulia minor]], [[Agrippina maior]], et [[Postumus Agrippa]] (qui natus est post mortem Agrippae). Augustus Gaium Luciumque adoptavit favitque [[Nero Claudius Drusus|Neroni Claudio Druso]] et [[Tiberius (imperator)|Tiberio]], filiis uxoris suae [[Livia]]e. Drusus autem anno [[9 a.C.n.]] et Gaius Luciusque annis [[2]] et [[4]] mortui sunt. Tiberius et Postumus ab Augusto adoptati sunt; Augusto mortuo, Postumoque necato, Tiberius principi successit. Augustus mortuus inter [[divus|divos]] a [[Senatus Romanus|Senatu]] relatus est. Eius appellatio omnium imperatorum sequentium appellatio facta est. Eius cineres in [[Mausoleum Augusti|Mausoleo Augusti]] positae sunt. ==Indoles== Augustus erat "[[cibus|cibi]] minimi . . . atque vulgaris fere," secundum [[Suetonius|Suetonium]]. "[[Panis secundarius|Secundarium panem]] et [[piscis|pisciculos]] minutos et [[caseus manu pressus|caseum bibulum manu pressum]] et [[ficus|ficos]] [[viridis|virides]] [[ficus bifera|biferas]] maxime appetebat. Vescebatur . . . quocumque tempore et loco quo [[stomachus]] desiderasset," additque auctor verba nonnulla ex [[epistula|epistulis]] Augusti: "Nos in essedo panem et [[palmula]]s gustavimus"; "dum lectica ex regia domum redeo, panis unciam cum paucis acinis [[uva duracina|uvae duracinae]] comedi"; "in balineo demum post horam primam noctis duas buccas manducavi prius quam ungui inciperem." Interdum ante initum vel post dimissum convivium solus cenitabat. [[Vinum|Vini]] parcissimus erat: "Quotiens largissime se invitaret, senos [[sextans|sextantes]] non excessit, aut si excessisset, [[vomitus|reiciebat]]"; maxime delectatus est [[vinum Raeticum|vino Raetico]], sed pro potione extra cenas sumebat perfusum [[aqua]] frigida panem aut [[cucumis|cucumeris]] frustum vel [[lactuca|lactuculae]] [[thyrsus|thyrsum]] aut [[malum]].<ref>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Augustus," 76-77.</ref> Talia Suetonius; secundum [[Plinius maior|Plinium]] [[uva]]s passas Raeticas "ex [[Verona|Veronensium]] agro" praetulit; vinum autem minime Raeticum, potius [[vinum Setinum|Setinum]].<ref>{{Pnh}} 14.16, 14.61.</ref> [[Cena Dodecatheos|Cenam "duodecim deorum"]] ab Octaviano celebratam, in qua [[deus|deorum]] dearumque habitu discubuerunt convivae et hospes ipse pro [[Apollo|Apolline]] ornatus est, [[Marcus Antonius]] in epistulis descripsit.<ref>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Augustus" 70.</ref> De [[cena|cenis]] ab Augusto principe datis [[Suetonius]] sic refert: "Convivabatur assidue nec umquam nisi recta, non sine magno ordinum hominumque dilectu . . . convivia nonnumquam et serius inibat et maturius relinquebat, cum convivae et cenare inciperent, prius quam ille discumberet, et permanerent digresso eo. cenam ternis ferculis aut cum abundantissime senis praebebat, ut non nimio sumptu, ita summa comitate. nam et ad communionem sermonis tacentis uel summissim fabulantis prouocabat, et aut [[acroama|acro<a>mata]] et [[histrio]]nes aut etiam [[trivialis ludius|triviales ex circo lud&lt;i&gt;os]] interponebat ac frequentius [[aretalogus|aretalogos]]."<ref name=cena>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Augustus" 74.</ref> Inter cenas privatas se [[talus (corpus lusorium)|talis]] lusisse confessus est: "cenavi, mi Tiberi, cum isdem . . . inter cenam lusimus ''geronticos'' et heri et hodie."<ref>[[Epistulae (Augustus)|Epistula Augusti]] apud Suetonium, ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Augustus" 71.</ref> Si una cum [[subrinus|nepotibus]] [[Gaius Iulius Caesar Vipsanianus|Gaio]] et [[Lucius Caesar|Lucio]] cenavit eos in imo lecto assidere mandavit.<ref>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Augustus" 64.</ref> Cum libertis minime cenavit.<ref name=cena>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Augustus" 74.</ref> Locutiones sermonesque Augusti nonnullos Suetonius refert, inter quos hanc similitudinem: "[[Celerius quam asparagi cocuntur]]."<ref>Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]],'' "Augustus" [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Augustus*.html#87 87].</ref> ==Annales vitae Octaviani== *Natus: anno [[63 a.C.n.]] *Pater: Gaius Octavius (praetor) *Mater: [[Atia]], filia [[Marcus Atius Balbus|Marci Atii Balbi]] *Nomen: Gaius Octavius *[[Cognomen]]: Thurinus, in memoriam maiorum originis (sic [[Suetonius]] scribit) *Adoptatus a [[C. Iulius Caesar|Gaio Caesare]] adoptatore; nomen Octavii nunc fuit Octavianus *Anno 48 a.C.n.: [[pontifex]] *Anno 46: cum [[C. Iulius Caesar|Gaio Caesare]] in [[Africa]] *Anno 45: cum [[C. Iulius Caesar|Gaio Caesare]] in [[Hispanica]] *Post mortem [[C. Iulius Caesar|Gaii Caesaris]] Octavianus se Gaium Iulium Caesarem nominabat *Anno 44: [[Bellum Mutense]] contra [[Marcus Antonius|Marcum Antonium]] *Anno 43: [[Consul]]; [[triumviratus|triumvir]] cum [[Marcus Aemilius Lepidus|Lepido]] et [[Marcus Antonius|Marco Antonio]]; Africa, [[Sicilia]], et [[Sardinia]] regebat *Anno 42: [[Proelium iuxta Philippos commissum|Bellum Philippense]] contra Gaium Cassium et [[Marcus Iunius Brutus|Marcum Iunium Brutum]] *Anno 40: Imperator Caesar divi filius *Anno 31: Octaviani amicus [[Vipsanius Agrippa]] in proelio navali ante [[Actium]] vicit *Anno 30: [[Alexandria]]m visitabat; [[mors]] [[Marcus Antonius|Marci Antonii]] et [[Cleopatra VII (regina Aegypti)|Cleopatrae]] *Anno 29: Curulis [[triumphus|triumphos]] [[tres]] egit: Delmaticum, Actiacum, Alexandrinum. Senatus Octaviano potestatem omnium rerum attribuit *Anno 28: [[Consul]] *Anno 27: Rem publicam restitutam declaravit; Senatus Octavianum Augustum nominavit *Anno 23: [[Consul]] *Anno 2 p.C.n.: ''Pater Patriae'' a Senatus rite nominatus *Anno 14 p.C.n.: [[Nola]]e mortuus, in conclave ubi pater mortuus erat ==Fontes de vita et principatu== *[[Aurelius Victor]], ''[[De Caesaribus (Victor)|De Caesaribus]]'' 1 *[[Cassius Dio Cocceianus|Dio]], ''[[Historia Romana (Dio)|Historia Romana]]'' libri 45–57 *''[[Epitome de Caesaribus]]'' 1 *[[Eutropius (rerum gestarum scriptor)|Eutropius]], ''[[Breviarium (Eutropius)|Breviarium]]'' 7.1–10 *[[Feriale Cumanum]] *''[[Res gestae Divi Augusti]]'' *[[Suetonius]], ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' liber 2, "Divus Augustus" *[[Velleius Paterculus]], ''[[Historia Romana (Velleius Paterculus)|Historia Romana]],'' liber 2 *[[Nicolaus Damascenus]], ''[[Vita Augusti (Nicolaus)|Vita Augusti]]'' partim servata [http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/nicolaus.html Versio] {{NexInt}} * [[Epistulae (Augustus)]] * [[Festina lente]] * [[Quod futuit Glaphyran Antonius]] ==Notae== <references /> ==Bibliographia== *Bleicken, Jochen. [[1998]]. ''Augustus. Eine Biographie.'' Berolini: Alexander Fest. ISBN 3828600271. *Bourne, Ella. [[1918]]. "Augustus as a Letter-Writer." ''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association'' 49: 53–66. *Bowman, Alan K., ed. [[1996]]. ''The Augustan Empire.'' The Cambridge Ancient History, 10. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521264308. *Bringmann, Klaus. [[2007]]. ''Augustus.'' Darmstadt: Primus. ISBN 9783896786050. *Bringmann, Klaus, et Thomas Schäfer. [[2002]]. ''Augustus und die Begründung des römischen Kaisertums.'' Berolini: Akademie Verlag. ISBN 3050030542. {{Google Books|SYCWBXX7zDAC|Paginae selectae}} *Chisholm, Kitty, et John Ferguson. [[1981]]. ''Rome: The Augustan Age; A Source Book.'' Oxonii: Oxford University Press cum Open University Press. ISBN 9780198721086. *Cosme, Pierre. [[2005]]. ''Auguste.'' Lutetiae: Perrin. *Dahlheim, Werner. [[2010]]. ''Augustus: Aufrührer—Herrscher—Heiland: Eine Biographie.'' Monaci: C. H. Beck. ISBN 9783406605932. *Davies, Mark, Hilary Swain, et Mark Everson Davies. [[2010]]. ''Aspects of Roman history, 82 BC–AD 14: a source-based approach.'' Londinii: Taylor & Francis. {{Google Books|xOr9XsicOs8C|Paginae selectae}} *Eck, Werner. [[2003]]. ''Augustus und seine Zeit.'' Ed. tertia. Monaci: Beck. ISBN 3406418848. {{Google Books|pEcyh5JmNz0C|Paginae selectae}} *Etienne, Robert. [[1970]]. ''Le siècle d'Auguste.'' Lutetiae: Armand Colin. *Everitt, Anthony. [[2006]]. ''Augustus: The Life of Rome's First Emperor.'' Random House Books. ISBN 1400061288. *Galinsky, Karl. [[1998]]. ''Augustan Culture.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691058900. {{Google Books|Ejwhh6cXwoQC|Paginae selectae}} *Galinsky, Karl, ed. [[2005]]. ''The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Augustus.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521807968; ISBN 9780521003933. {{Google Books|ftcx-5j7rjwC|Paginae selectae}} *Gray-Fow, Michael J. G. [[1988]]. A Stepfather's Gift: L. Marcius Philippus and Octavian. ''Greece & Rome,'' ser. 2a, 35:184-199. *Holland, Richard. [[2005]]. ''Augustus, Godfather of Europe.'' Sutton Publishing. *Jones, A. H. M. [[1951]]. The Imperium of Augustus. ''The Journal of Roman Studies'' 41: 112–119. *Jones, A. H. M. [[1970]]. ''Augustus.'' Londibii: Chatto & Windus. ISBN 9780701116262. *Kienast, Dietmar. [[2009]]. ''Augustus: Prinzeps und Monarch.'' Ed. quarta. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. ISBN 9783534230235. *Mario Attilio Levi. [[1994]]. ''Augusto e il suo tempo.'' Mediolani. ISBN 8818700413. *Néraudau, Jean-Pierre. [[1996]]. ''Auguste.'' Lutetiae: Les Belles Lettres. ISBN 9782251440828. *Osgood, Josiah. [[2006]]. ''Caesar's Legacy: Civil War and the Emergence of the Roman Empire.'' Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521855822; ISBN 9780521671774). {{Google Books|g5OJYtImOlMC|Paginae selectae}} *Raaflaub, Kurt A., et Mark Toher, edd. [[1990]]. ''Between Republic and Empire: Interpretations of Augustus and his Principate.'' Berkeleiae: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520084476. {{Google Books|-UTjncU9zFgC|Paginae selectae}} *Reinhold, Meyer. [[1978]]. ''The Golden Age of Augustus.'' Toronti: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978089522007-3; ISBN 9780895220080. *Schlange-Schöningen, Heinrich. [[2005]]. ''Augustus.'' Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. ISBN 3534165128. *Scott, Kenneth. [[1933]]. "The Political Propaganda of 44–30 B.C." ''Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome'' 117–149. *Southern, Pat. [[1998]]. ''Augustus.'' Londinii: Routledge. ISBN 9780415166317; ISBN 9780415258555. *Spinosa, Antonio. [[1996]]. ''Augusto: il grande baro.'' Mediolani. ISBN 8804410418. {{Google Books|0V7-Akf0160C|Paginae selectae}} *Stahlmann, Ines. [[1988]]. ''Imperator Caesar Augustus: Studien zur Geschichte des Principatsverständnisses in der deutschen Altertumswissenschaft bis 1945.'' Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. ISBN 3534038908. *Starr, Chester G. [[1952]]. "The Perfect Democracy of the Roman Empire." ''American Historical Review'' 58 (1): 1–16. *[[Ronaldus Syme|Syme, Ronald]]. [[1933]]. Some Notes on the Legions under Augustus. ''Journal of Roman Studies'' 23:21–25. *Syme, Ronald. [[1939]]. ''[[The Roman Revolution]].'' Oxonii: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0192803204. {{Google Books|P_Pckj4VhncC|Paginae selectae}} *Syme, Ronald. [[1986]]. ''The Augustan Aristocracy.'' Oxonii: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198147312 {{Google Books|fj8oQ4lzteIC|Paginae selectae}} *Wells, C. M. [[1972]]. ''The German policy of Augustus.'' Oxonii. ISBN 9780198131625. *Zanker, Paul. [[1997]]. ''Augustus und die Macht der Bilder.'' Ed. tertia. Monaci: Beck. ISBN 340634514X. {{Google Books|y6QM6l9X20gC|Paginae selectae}} ==Nexus externi== *[[The Latin Library]], [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/suetonius/suet.aug.html ''Suetoni Tranquilli vita Divi Augusti''] *The Latin Library, [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/aug.html ''Res Gestae Divi Augusti''] *[[LacusCurtius]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20040725154134/http://www.ukans.edu/history/index/europe/ancient_rome/E/Roman/Texts/Augustus/Res_Gestae/home.html ''Res Gestae Divi Augusti''] {{Ling|Latine| Graece|Anglice}} *LacusCurtius, [https://web.archive.org/web/20040803121643/http://www.ukans.edu/history/index/europe/ancient_rome/L/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Augustus*.html ''Suetonius, De Vita Caesarum''] {{Ling|Latine|Anglice}} *"[http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture12b.html Augustus Caesar and the Pax Romana]" *Garrett G. Fagan, "[http://www.roman-emperors.org/auggie.htm Augustus]" apud ''De imperatoribus Romanis'' *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070912095555/http://janusquirinus.org/Octavian/OctavianHome.html Paginae de Octaviano/Augusto] **[https://web.archive.org/web/20120229233332/http://janusquirinus.org/Octavian/sayings.html Citationes Augusti] *"[http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/augbuilc.html Building projects in Rome in Augustus' time]" *[http://www.mediterranees.net/histoire_romaine/empereurs_1siecle/auguste/chronologie.html Chronologia Octaviani Augusti] {{Imperatores Romani}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores=[[Aulus Hirtius]] et [[Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus|C. Vibius Pansa Caetronianus]]| annus= 43 a.C.n.<br />cum<br />[[Quintus Pedius|Quinto Pedio]]| successores= [[Publius Ventidius Bassus]] et [[Gaius Carrinas]]}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores= [[Marcus Antonius]] II et [[Lucius Scribonius Libo (consul 34 a.C.n.)|Lucius Scribonius Libo]]| annus= 33 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Lucius Volcacius Tullus|Lucio Volcatio Tullo]]| successores= [[Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 32 a.C.n.)|Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus]] et [[Gaius Sosius]]}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores= [[Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 32 a.C.n.)|Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus]] et [[Gaius Sosius]]| annus= 31 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (consul 31 a.C.n.)|Marco Valerio Messalla Corvino]]| successores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] IV et [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (consul 30 a.C.n.)|Marcus Licinius Crassus]]}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] III et [[Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (consul 31 a.C.n.)|Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus]]| annus= 30 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Marcus Licinius Crassus (consul 30 a.C.n.)|Marco Licinio Crasso]]| successores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] V et [[Sextus Appuleius (consul 29 a.C.n.)|Sextus Appuleius]]}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] IV et [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (consul 30 a.C.n.)|Marcus Licinius Crassus]]| annus= 29 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Sextus Appuleius (consul 29 a.C.n.)|Sexto Appuleio]]| successores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] VI et [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]] II}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] V et [[Sextus Appuleius (consul 29 a.C.n.)|Sextus Appuleius]]| annus= 28 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|Marco Vipsanio Agrippa]] II| successores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] VII et [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]] III}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] VI et [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]] II| annus= 27 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|Marco Vipsanio Agrippa]] III| successores= [[Augustus (imperator)|Augustus]] VIII et [[Titus Statilius Taurus]] II}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] VII et [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]] III| annus= 26 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Titus Statilius Taurus|Tito Statilio Tauro]] II| successores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] IX et [[Marcus Iunius Silanus]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] VIII et [[Titus Statilius Taurus]] II| annus= 25 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Marcus Iunius Silanus|Marco Iunio Silano]]| successores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] X et [[Gaius Norbanus Flaccus]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] IX et [[Marcus Iunius Silanus]]| annus= 24 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Gaius Norbanus Flaccus|Gaio Norbano Flacco]]| successores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] XI et [[Aulus Terentius Varro Murena]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Octavianus Augustus|Imperator Caesar Augustus]] X et [[Gaius Norbanus Flaccus]]| annus= 23 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Aulus Terentius Varro Murena|Aulo Terentio Varrone Murena]]| successores= [[Marcus Claudius Marcellus Aeserninus]] et [[Lucius Arruntius]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Decimus Laelius Balbus]] et [[Gaius Antistius Vetus]]| annus= 5 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Lucius Cornelius Sulla (consul 5 a.C.n.)|Lucio Cornelio Sulla]]| successores= [[Gaius Calvisius Sabinus]] et [[Lucius Passienus Rufus]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Lucius Cornelius Lentulus]] et [[Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus]]| annus= 2 a.C.n.<br/>cum<br/>[[Marcus Plautius Silvanus|Marco Plautio Silvano]]| successores= [[Cossus Cornelius Lentulus]] et [[Lucius Calpurnius Piso]]}} {{Lifetime|63 a.C.n.|14|Augustus}} [[Categoria:Augustus|!]] [[Categoria:Epistolographi]] [[Categoria:Gaius Iulius Caesar]] [[Categoria:Gens Octavia|Iulius Caesar Octavianus Augustus, Gaius]] [[Categoria:Gens Iulia|Iulius Caesar Octavianus Augustus, Gaius]] [[Categoria:Imperatores Romani]] [[Categoria:Participes Belli Civilis (44-30 a.C.n.)]] {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Homines}} {{FA stella}} 8ncv4kwtpp5tfsak21nfm23rko5rhlg 0 8638 3958328 3699152 2026-05-04T12:08:30Z IacobusAmor 1163 Div col &c. (10K) 3958328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox_begin | color= | name= Ericaceae}} {{Taxobox_image | image = [[Fasciculus:Erica arborea.JPG|250px|Erica arborea]]| caption = ''Erica arborea''}} {{Taxobox_begin_placement | color = lightgreen}} {{Taxobox_regnum_entry | taxon = [[Plantae]]}} {{Taxobox_divisio_entry | taxon = [[Magnoliophyta]]}} {{Taxobox_classis_entry | taxon = [[Magnoliopsida]]}} {{Taxobox_ordo_entry | taxon = [[Ericales]]}} {{Taxobox familia entry | taxon = '''Ericaceae'''}}<br />{{Taxobox authority new | authority = [[Antonius Laurentius de Jussieu|Juss.]]}} {{Taxobox_end_placement}} {{Taxobox_section_subdivision | color = | plural_taxon = Genera}} Vide infra {{Taxobox_end}} '''Ericaceae''' sunt [[familia (taxinomia)|familia]] [[planta]]rum calcifugarum terras acidas habitantium. Multae plantae notissimae in [[zona temperata|zonis temperatis]] praecipue sunt: [[erica]], [[calluna]], [[rhododendron]], [[vaccinium]], et multae aliae. == Genera == {{div col|4}} * ''[[Acrostemon]]'' * ''[[Acrotriche]]'' * ''[[Agapetes]]'' * ''[[Agarista]]'' * ''[[Allotropa]]'' * ''[[Andersonia]]'' * ''[[Andromeda (genus)|Andromeda]]'' * ''[[Anomalanthus]]'' * ''[[Anthopteropsis]]'' * ''[[Anthopterus]]'' * ''[[Arachnocalyx]]'' * ''[[Arbutus]]'' * ''[[Arctostaphylos]]'' * ''[[Astroloma]]'' * ''[[Bejaria]]'' * ''[[Brachyloma]]'' * ''[[Bruckenthalia]]'' * ''[[Bryanthus]]'' * ''[[Calluna]]'' * ''[[Calopteryx]]'' * ''[[Cassiope]]'' * ''[[Cavendishia]]'' * ''[[Ceratiola]]'' * ''[[Ceratostema]]'' * ''[[Chamaedaphne]]'' * ''[[Chimaphila]]'' * ''[[Coccosperma]]'' * ''[[Coilostigma]]'' * ''[[Comarostaphylis]]'' * ''[[Conostephium]]'' * ''[[Corema]]'' * ''[[Costera]]'' * ''[[Craibiodendron]]'' * ''[[Cyathodes]]'' * ''[[Daboecia]]'' * ''[[Demosthenesia]]'' * ''[[Didonica]]'' * ''[[Dimorphanthera]]'' * ''[[Diogenesia]]'' * ''[[Diplarche]]'' * ''[[Diplycosia]]'' * ''[[Disterigma]]'' * ''[[Dracophyllum]]'' * ''[[Empetrum]]'' * ''[[Epacris]]'' * ''[[Epigaea]]'' * ''[[Eremia]]'' * ''[[Eremiella]]'' * ''[[Erica]]'' * ''[[Findlaya]]'' * ''[[Gaultheria]]'' * ''[[Gaylussacia]]'' * ''[[Gonocalyx]]'' * ''[[Grisebachia]]'' * ''[[Harrimanella]]'' * ''[[Hemitomes]]'' * ''[[Kalmia]]'' * ''[[Kalmiopsis]]'' * ''[[Killipiella]]'' * ''[[Lateropora]]'' * ''[[Ledothamnus]]'' * ''[[Ledum]]'' * ''[[Leiophyllum]]'' * ''[[Leucopogon]]'' * ''[[Leucothoe]]'' * ''[[Loiseleuria]]'' * ''[[Lyonia]]'' * ''[[Macleana]]'' * ''[[Macnabia]]'' * ''[[Malea (genus)|Malea]]'' * ''[[Menziesia]]'' * ''[[Mitrastylus]]'' * ''[[Moneses]]'' * ''[[Monotropa]]'' * ''[[Monotropsis]]'' * ''[[Mycerinus]]'' * ''[[Nagelocarpus]]'' * ''[[Notopora]]'' * ''[[Oreanthes]]'' * ''[[Ornithostaphylos]]'' * ''[[Orthaea]]'' * ''[[Orthilia]]'' * ''[[Oxydendrum]]'' * ''[[Pellegrinia]]'' * ''[[Pentachondra]]'' * ''[[Pernettyopsis]]'' * ''[[Phyllodoce]]'' * ''[[Pieris]]'' * ''[[Pityopus]]'' * ''[[Platycalyx]]'' * ''[[Pleuricospora]]'' * ''[[Plutarchia]]'' * ''[[Polyclita]]'' * ''[[Prionotes]]'' * ''[[Psammisia]]'' * ''[[Pterospora]]'' * ''[[Pyrola]]'' * ''[[Rhododendron]]'' * ''[[Rhodothamnus]]'' * ''[[Richea]]'' * ''[[Rusbya]]'' * ''[[Salaxis]]'' * ''[[Sarcodes]]'' * ''[[Satyria]]'' * ''[[Scyphogyne]]'' * ''[[Semiramisia]]'' * ''[[Simocheilus]]'' * ''[[Siphonandra]]'' * ''[[Sphyrospermum]]'' * ''[[Stokoeanthus]]'' * ''[[Styphelia]]'' * ''[[Sympieza]]'' * ''[[Syndsmanthus]]'' * ''[[Tepuia]]'' * ''[[Thamnus]]'' * ''[[Themistoclesia]]'' * ''[[Therorhodion]]'' * ''[[Thibaudia]]'' * ''[[Thoracosperma]]'' * ''[[Trochocarpa]]'' * ''[[Tsusiophyllum]]'' * ''[[Utleya]]'' * ''[[Vaccinium]]'' * ''[[Xylococcus]]'' * ''[[Zenobia]]'' {{div col end}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ericaceae|Ericaceas}} {{Vicispecies|Ericaceae|Ericaceas}} {{Fontes biologici}} [[Categoria:Ericaceae|!]] [[Categoria:Familiae plantarum]] [[Categoria:Taxa Jussieu]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} 1at9xf7dv5br5yous8db7whf7mt8rwi 0 18727 3958417 3769599 2026-05-05T08:24:36Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{latinitas|1}} '''Domus editoria'''<ref>"Domus editoria": {{PONS-Egger}}; John C. Traupman, ''The New College Latin and English Dictionary,'' ed. tertia (Novi Eboraci: Bantam Books, 2007), 629, s.v. ''publisher . . . (publishing house).''</ref><ref>"Domus editoria": e.g. "[https://wellcomecollection.org/works/mzrh7k4f ''Lexicon nominum herbarum, arborum fruticumque linguae Latinae ex fontibus Latinitatis'' ... Budapestini: Ex aedibus domus editoriae "Encyclopaedia", 1995-]"; "[https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/institutions_connected/latinitas/documents/rc_latinitas_20061019_opiniones_lt.html Fama est Margaritam Duras, quotienscumque pecunia multabatur ... domum editoriam Gallimard indicare solitam esse, ut ipsius vice locoque debitos solveret nummos]"</ref><ref>"Domus editrix": e.g. "[https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/la/apost_letters/documents/papa-francesco_lettera-ap_20131013_beato-marco-y-aleman.html ... domum editricem Hispanicam eiusdem Instituti vulgo Editorial Bruño curantem ...]"</ref> seu '''societas editrix'''<ref>"Societas editrix": e.g. "[https://vufind.catholicresearch.org/vufind/Record/vilmarc_488259/Description ''Cursus theologicus in usum scholarum'' ... apud Societatem editricem S. Francisci de Sales, 1891]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}"; "[https://www.worldcat.org/title/studia-mediaevalia-in-honorem-admodum-reverendi-patris-raymundi-josephi-martin-ordinis-praedicatorum-s-theologiae-magistri-lxxum-natalem-diem-agentis/oclc/1851130 ''Studia mediaevalia in honorem admodum Reverendi Patris Raymundi Josephi Martin'' ... Brugis Flandrorum: apud societatem editricem "De Tempel", 1948]"</ref><ref>"Societas editoria": {{PONS-Egger}}</ref> sive '''officina libraria'''<ref>{{Castiglioni}} [[Italiane]] ''casa editrice,'' [[Latine]] ''officina libraria.''</ref><ref>"Libraria editrix": e.g. "[https://www.abebooks.com/Apollinaris-Commentarius-iuris-canonici-Annus-XXXVII/1114579763/bd ''Apollinaris: Commentarius iuris canonici'' ... apud Librariam Editricem Pont. Universit. Lateranensis, 1964]"</ref> est [[societas]] quae impensis aut suis propriis aut [[auctor]]um aut [[maecenas|maecenatum]] [[liber|libros]] in lucem edit. Maximae in [[orbis terrarum|orbe terrarum]] domus editoriae anno [[2015]], secundum ''[[Publishers Weekly]]'', erant [[Pearson]], [[ThomsonReuters]], [[RELX Group]], [[Wolters Kluwer]], ac [[Penguin Random House]].<ref>[http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/international/international-book-news/article/67224-the-world-s-57-largest-book-publishers-2015.html "The World's 57 Largest Book Publishers, 2015."] ''Publishers Weekly'', 26 Iunii 2015.</ref> Rector vel [[conductor]] talis negotii '''editor''' appellatur;<ref>“[https://www.etymonline.com/word/editor Editor]” apud ''Online Etymology Dictionary'': "editor (n.), 1640s, 'publisher,' from Latin ''editor'' 'one who puts forth,' agent noun from ''editus'', past participle of ''edere'' 'to bring forth, produce'."</ref> nomen huius editoris pro societate saepe adhibetur.<ref>E.g.: "Parisiis: apud editorem L. G. Desgranges, in vico Haute-Feuille, Nº 14" ([https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/71662 ''Flora Atlantica'' tom. II]); "Parisiis, editore Ambrosio Firmin-Didot, Instituti Franciae typographo, via Jacob, 56" (''[https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.05272 Poetae bucolici et didactici]'')</ref> ==Notae== <references/> {{NexInt}} *[[Editio]] *[[Redactor principalis]] [[Categoria:Libri]] [[Categoria:Societates editoriae|!]] m5cnzfnjfsr4ilsfwe9haiqezlklvpv 0 19491 3958329 3720917 2026-05-04T12:10:02Z IacobusAmor 1163 3958329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Liber ad honorem Augusti f105r.jpg|thumb|Henricus VI insignibus Imperii ornatus e ''Libro ad honorem Augusti'', 1196]] '''''Liber ad honorem Augusti sive de rebus Siculis''''' (vel ''Carmen de motibus Siculis'') est [[carmen]] historicum [[Panormus|Panormi]] [[Sicilia]]e anno [[1196]] versibus elegiacis [[Latine]] a [[Petrus de Ebulo|Petro de Ebulo]] scriptum, suadente [[Conradus (episcopus Herbipolensis)|Conrado]] cancellario imperatoris. Hic liber manu scriptus nunc est codex 120 II bibliothecae municipalis [[Berna (urbs)|Bernensis]] [[Helvetia]]e. Carmen ab auctore suo dicatum est [[Henricus VI|Henrico VI]] [[Imperator]]e [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Liber_ad_honorem_Augusti|illuminationes e ''Libro ad honorem Augusti''}} * [https://archive.is/20121219072425/http://www.uan.it/alim/testi/xii/AlimPetEbLibHonAugXIIstopoe1.htm Textus latinus ''Libri ad honorem Augusti''] == Bibliographia == * Theo Kölzer und Marlis Sträli: ''Petrus de Ebulo - Liber ad honorem Augusti sive de rebus Siculis'', Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1994 ISBN 3-7995-4245-0 [[Categoria:Henricus VI (imperator)]] [[Categoria:Libri historici]] [[Categoria:Libri picti]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] [[Categoria:Scripta 1196]] [[Categoria:Siciliae scripta]] 6grp0prvdz5a0h9pb3wlo65hrucptsu 0 19843 3958374 3558971 2026-05-04T23:25:19Z LilyKitty 18316 de flumine causae belli 3958374 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Iran Iraq War Start Attack on Tehran Airport 1980-09-22.jpg|thumb|Primum bellum sinus Persici [[22 Septembris]] [[1980]] [[Teheranum]]]] '''Bellum Sinus Persici Primum''' inter [[Iraquia]]m et [[Irania]]m gerebatur ab [[22 Septembris]] [[1980]] usque ad [[20 Augusti]] [[1988]]. Neutra natio vicit, sed multi necati sunt et magnum [[discrimen oeconomicum|damnum oeconomicum]] factum est. Iraquenses duce [[Saddamus Hussein|Saddamo Hussein]] [[arma chemica|gasum venenatum]] in bello adhibuebant etiam in homines [[Curdi|Kurdos]]. Fama detulit Iraquenses hoc gasum a [[populus|populis]] occidentalibus sicut [[Germania|Germanico]] accepisse. Irani liberos in [[proelium]] miserunt qui [[Autocinetum|autocineta]] cataphracta Iraquensia diruerent. Fortasse Irani vicissent nisi [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] gradatim Iraquenses adiuvissent. Magna classis enim CFAae in sinu Persico erat petrolei protegendi causa. {{NexInt}} * [[Šaṭṭ al-ʿArab]] * [[Secundum bellum sinus Persici]] * [[Secundum bellum Iracense]] [[Categoria:Bella|Sinus Persici Primum bellum]] [[Categoria:Asia]] {{Myrias|Historia}} b5jk05bz0f88rhxuspgi62n4nyeyttn 0 30191 3958418 3654082 2026-05-05T08:46:49Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Donaldus Henricus Rumsfeld''' (natus in [[Evanston]] [[Illinoesia]]e die [[9 Iulii]] [[1932]]; [[Taos (Novum Mexicum)|Taos]] in urbe die [[29 Iunii]] [[2021]] mortuus), alumnus [[universitas Princetoniensis|universitatis Princetoniensis]], fuit politicus [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americanus]]. Fuit secretarius a munitione inter annos [[1975]] et [[1977]], praeside [[Geraldus Ford|Geraldo Ford]], et ab anno [[2001]] usque ad diem [[8 Novembris]] [[2006]], praeside [[Georgius W. Bush|Georgio Bush iuniore]]. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Donald Rumsfeld|Donaldum Rumsfeld}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061115085641/http://www.defenselink.mil/bios/secdef_bio.html Biographia (pagina officialis dicasterii defensionis [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]])] * [http://www.defenselink.mil/speeches/secdef.html Collectio orationum Donaldi Rumsfeld]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{bio-stipula}} {{Secretarii a munitione Civitatum Foederatarum}} {{Lifetime|1932|2021|Rumsfeld, Donaldus}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Princetoniensis]] [[Categoria:Incolae Illinoesiae]] [[Categoria:Politici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Presbyteriani Civitatum Foederatarum]] p59u392nz95rwn56dwyq20xndubsoh3 0 36400 3958370 3946007 2026-05-04T22:26:19Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Videdis|Cybele (discretiva)}} [[Fasciculus:Cibeles con Palacio de Linares closeup.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Cybele [[Bigae|bigis]] [[leo]]num vecta: [[statua]] [[Matritum|Matriti]] sita, exemplar antiquum Romanum imitans.]] '''Cybele''' ([[Graece]] Κυβέλη) seu '''Cybebe''' (Κυβήβη)<ref>[[Herodotus]], ''[[Historiae (Herodotus)|Terpsichore]]'' 102</ref> fuit [[dea materna]] [[Phrygia]], cuius praecipuum [[templum]] [[Pessinus|Pessinunte]] situm erat, cuiusque cultus [[Secundum Bellum Punicum|bello Punico secundo]] anno [[204 a.C.n.]] [[Roma]]m introductus est, ob [[fabula]]m de originibus [[Troia]]nis Romanorum. Etenim [[Troia]] [[urbs]] Phrygia<ref>Ita Romani opinabantur qui Troadem Phrygiam minorem appellabant, a Phrygia maiore separatam.</ref> erat et Cybele Magna Mater Idaea vocabatur, id est [[mons|montis]] [[Ida (mons Troadis)|Idae]] prope Troiam. Praeterea illo tempore populus Romanus societatem cum [[Attalus I|Attalo]] [[rex|rege]] [[Pergamum|Pergamenorum]] adversus [[Macedonia antiqua|Macedones]] iniit. Qui rex [[Baetulus|baetulum]] nigrum (quo dea figurabatur), sive ex [[Pessinus|Pessinunte]] sive ex delubro [[Pergamum|Pergameno]],<ref>Historici Romani ex Pessinunte tradiderunt. At multi eruditi recentiores, testimonio [[Varro]]nis freti (LL VI,15), de ea origine dubitaverunt quod hoc oppidum sub dicione Attali tunc temporis non erat. Vide Graillot p. 46 sqq. Postea quod fanum Pessinuntis multo clarius erat, origo falso mutata est ad maiorem gloriam. Sed contra disputat Philippus Borgeaud, pp. 110-117.</ref> populo Romano donavit. Cui [[lapis|lapidi]] templum in [[Mons Palatinus|monte Palatino]] [[aedificium|aedificatum]] est. == De aspectu == Nonnumquam enim in [[Anatolia]] sub specie saxi vel petrae in antro venerabatur.<ref>[[Arnobius Maior|Arnobius]], ''Adversus nationes'' VI,11.</ref> Saepius tamen, ut ceterae deae Graecae et Romanae, sub specie [[pulchritudo|pulchrae]] [[mulier]]is sculpebatur vel in [[nummus|nummis]] exprimebatur&thinsp;: tunc coronam [[Turris|turritam]] in capite gerebat (ut Fortunae (Graece Τύχαι) [[Polias|poliades]]&thinsp;: urbem Romam enim tuebatur<ref>Aliam explicationem—[[puer]]ilem autem—apud Arnobium inveneris.</ref>) et [[bigae|bigis]] [[leo]]num plerumque vehebatur. Etiam cum in throno sedebat, leones ad [[pes|pedes]] iacebant vel catulum leonis in sinu retinebat. In nonnullis [[Nummi Imperii Romani|nummis]] Romanis, in magno [[altare|altari]] [[Pergamum|Pergameno]] ac postea etiam Romae in ipsa spina [[Circus Maximus|circi]] prope obeliscum, in tergo leonis sedens ostenditur. Alibi nonnumquam [[tympanum]] [[manus|manu]] tenet, aut etiam [[cornu copiae|cornucopiam]] vel spicas frumenti.<ref>Ut omnes ceterae deae potest etiam pateram aut [[sceptrum]] tenere.</ref> Saepe sola erat nisi eam deus paredrus [[Attis]] vel armati [[saltatio|saltatores]], quibus [[Corybantes|Corybantibus]] nomen erat, comitabantur. In templo [[Palatinus mons|Palatino]] [[lapis]] [[niger]] ex [[Pessinus|Pessinunte]] in statuam inclusus vultum deae reddebat.<ref>[[Arnobius Maior|Arnobius]] VII,49.</ref> Unum e divinis pignoribus erat, quae diuturnitatem Imperii Romani sanciebant. == De syncretismo Graeco-Romano == [[Fasciculus:Ankara Muzeum B19-36.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Dea Mater [[Anatolia|Anatolica]] sexto millenio a.C.n. Nonne Cybele tibi in mentem venit?]] Per multa iam saecula Cybele dea mater et [[domina ferarum]] in [[Anatolia]] et in oriente Mediterraneo fuerat, cum Graeci eam colere [[saeculum 6 a.C.n.|saeculo sexto a.C.n.]]<ref>[[Herodotus]] [[Historiae (Herodotus)|Melpomene]] 76. [[Sophocles]], ''[[Philoctetes (Sophocles)|Philoctetes]]'' 391-402.</ref> coeperunt&thinsp;: tum [[Rhea]]e, uxori [[Cronus|Croni]], adsimulata est<ref>Metröon Athenis erat et deae statuam ipse [[Phidias]] finxerat ː [[Pausanias (scriptor)|Pausanias]] I.3.5. Cf. [[Aeschines]], ''[[Contra Timarchum]]'' 60.</ref>. Itaque Mater Deum dicebatur et in [[Aeneis|Aeneide]] [[Iuppiter|Iovem]] velut [[filius|filium]] suum adloquitur.<ref>IX,83-84.</ref> Etiam cum [[Demeter|Demetre]] nonnumquam partim confundebatur<ref>[[Euripides]] ''[[Helena (Euripides)|Helena]]'' 1301-1368. cf W. J. W. Koster, De epidaurische hymne op de Magna Mater, Amstelodami, 1962. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1963_num_32_2_1392_t1_0650_0000_1?msclkid=aa3a7adcc30c11ec95b07b243eb72c4d Recensio critica]. Krzysztof Witczak, "[https://www.academia.edu/6918312/The_Epidaurean_Hymn_to_the_Mother_of_Gods_in_French_?msclkid=aa3aa045c30c11ecbdba365a6015cdbc L'Hymne d'Epidaure à la Mère des Dieux]", ''Les Etudes Classiques'', 2001ː 23-33.</ref>. Apud Romanos non tantum cum [[Ops|Ope]],<ref>Tibullus I,4,68 etc.</ref> [[Saturnus (deus)|Saturni]] [[uxor]]e, quae eadem esse atque [[Rhea]] putabatur, sed etiam cum [[Tellus (dea)|Tellure]] confundebatur, quae alma dea fruges et alios cibos hominibus suppeditabat. [[Lucretius]] similitudine [[vocabulum|verborum]] ludens sic huius facti rationem reddit&thinsp;: fruges in [[Phrygia]] primum apparuisse.<ref>II,611-613. De quo vide etiam [[Macrobius]] [[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnaliorum]] I,10 et 21,8.</ref> Et anno quo dea Romam vecta est messes uberiores fuisse dicuntur quam prioribus annis<ref>[[Plinius maior]] libro XVIII de ''Historia Naturali'' capitulo 4,16.</ref>. Ut Terra eos recipiens etiam dea mortuorum fuit. Postea a secundo saeculo p.C., dum theologi pagani diversas deas in unum numen cogere conantur, Cybele multis aliis quoque deabus adsimulatur&thinsp;: [[Minerva]]/[[Bellona]]/[[Virtus]], [[Demeter]]/[[Ceres (dea)|Ceres]], [[Proserpina]], [[Diana]], [[Isis]].<ref>[[Apuleius]] Met. XI,5. E.g. [[Moguntiacum|Moguntiaci]] erat templum commune Magnae Matris et [[Isis|Isidis]] ubi magici ritus perficiebantur (Jürgen Blänsdorf, ''Götter und Dämonen im Dienst der antiken Magie'', Antike Welt, 2013, 4, p28sqq.)</ref> Atque orgia Magnae Matris saepe a Graecis cum Bacchanalibus confundebantur<ref>Exempli gratia ab [[Euripides|Euripide]] in ''[[Bacchae|Bacchis]]'' (versibus 59, 78-9, 120-31 etc.). Cf. [[Strabo]], X.3.7 et 13.</ref>. Epitheta deae * sive geographica erant : ''Phrygia, ''[[Ida (mons Troadis)|Idaea]]'', Berecyntia''<ref>Ita plus quam semel in Aeneide. Cf. [[Strabo]] X.3.12. [[Augustinus Hipponensis]], ''[[de civitate Dei]]'' II.4.57</ref>, ''[[Dindymon|Dindymene]]''<ref>[[Herodotus]] I.80. {{Strabo}} XII.5.3 et XIV.1.40 qui quosdam montes "Cybela" quoque memorabat, de quibus dubitant moderni. Pausanias VII.17.9 et VII.20.3 necnon VIII.46.4.</ref> : Berecyntus et Dindymon<ref>[[Ammianus Marcellinus]] XXII.8.5</ref> duo montes Phrygii erant. In qua eadem regione erat mons Cybele<ref>Ovidius Fasti IV,249.</ref>, e quo dea fortasse nomen suum duxit. Magna Mater in montibus et antris praecipue culta fuisse videtur : nam dea saxorum et fontium erat. * sive ducta ex officio quo fungebatur : ''Magna Mater, Mater Deum, Terra Mater'' ... * sive ex aspectu : ''turrita, turrigera'' ... '''Corybantes''' quoque, qui in [[Asia]] ministri Magnae Matris erant et armati frenetice saltabant, cum '''Curetibus''' confusi sunt<ref>Lucretius II,629-640. {{Strabo}} X.3.7. I. Poerner, [https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/poerner1913/0002/image De Curetibus et Corybantibus], Halis Saxonum, 1913.</ref>&thinsp;: Curetes enim iuvenes, clipeos telis percutiendo, magnum strepitum in [[Creta]] fecerant circum antrum in quo iacebat [[Iuppiter]] infans, ne [[Cronos]] vagitus audiret ac filium ubi esset detegeret.<ref>[[Strabo]] X.3.11. [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]], ''Contra Symmachum'' II, 860-861.</ref> Ita de [[Rhea]] matre bene meriti erant, quae maritum deceperat. Cum mons Ida alius in Phrygia alius in [[Creta]] esset, cognomen ''Idaea'' et ipsum nonnumquam ambiguum erat. Templum [[Palatinus mons|Palatinum]] ''Matri Deum Magnae Idaeae'' dedicatum est, qui fortasse fuit titulus deae [[Creta|Cressae]]. == Fabulae == === Attis === [[Fasciculus:Patera di Parabiago - MI - Museo archeologico - Cibele e Adone - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto 2 - 25-7-2003.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Cybele et Attis in curru triumphali leonibus iuncto sedentes. Circum saltant corybantes. Infra Amores quatuor tempora anni repraesentant. Lanx "patera [[Parabiacum|Parabiacensis]]" dicta quarto saeculo fabricata.]] [[Mater]] deum dicitur [[pastor]]em Phrygium, adulescentem eximia [[pulchritudo|pulchritudine]], amasse, [[Attis|Attin]] nomine. Minister deae factus est et fidum fore pollicitus erat. Mox tamen [[amor]]e [[nympha]]e [[Sagaris|Sangaritidis]], ut vult [[poeta]] [[Ovidius]],<ref>''[[Fasti (Ovidius)|Fasti]]'' IV, 229. Id est filia fluminis [[Sagaris|Sagarii]]. Hoc nomen a nullo alio auctore sponsae tribuitur: in mytho Phrygio filia fluminis Sangarii ("Nanna") mater est Attidis.</ref> captus eam uxorem habere voluit. Cybele irata nympham occidit et mentem Attidis ita turbavit ut ipse sibi adulescens partem virilem corporis abscidit. [[Eunuchus]] factus ad ministerium aeternum suae deae coactus est. Secundum aliam memoriam mortuus est, sed Cybele desiderio [[puer]]i sub specie [[pinus]]<ref>[[Ovidius]], Met. X,104sqq.</ref> eum ad [[vita]]m revocavit. Haec [[fabula]] rationem reddit cur sacerdotes et devoti Magnae Matris sese ipsi mutilent et virilitatem deponant. Sperabant enim, ut Attis voluntate deae resurrexit, sic et ipsos [[vita aeterna|vitam aeternam]] adepturos esse. Ita mater [[castratio|castratrix]] sensu [[Sigismundus Freud|Freudiano]] dici Cybele potest. === Agdistis === Fuit etiam mythus Phrygius antiquior, Romae quidem tempore [[Ovidius|Ovidii]] [[Vergilius|Vergiliique]] non accceptus sed ab eruditis Graecis curiose litteris mandatus et postea irridendi causa ab [[apologeta|apologetis]] [[Christianitas|Christianis]] saepe memoratus. De quo vide sis [[Agdistis]]. === In Aeneide === Libro secundo post Troiam captam Magna Mater [[Creusa (filia Priami)|Creusam]], [[uxor]]em [[Aeneas|Aeneae]], apud sese retinet, ne [[heros]] magna fata sua implere prohiberetur. Sic umbra Creusae&thinsp;: :''sed me magna deum genetrix his detinet oris.<ref>II,788.</ref>'' Libro nono insigni miraculo naves [[Troia]]norum in [[Nympha|nymphas]] marinas, [[Nereides|Nereidibus]] similes, convertit tum cum [[Turnus]] [[Rutuli]]que classem Troianorum incensuri erant. Etenim Troia capta, [[Aeneas]] ex [[Pinus|pinibus]] nemoris sacri, adnuente Magna Matre, in monte [[Ida (mons Troadis)|Ida]] classem fabricaverat et Cybele a filio Iove impetraverat ne tales naves delerentur<ref>Post Vergilium hoc miraculum narravit et [[Publius Ovidius Naso|Ovidius]], [[Metamorphoses (Ovidius)|Metamorphoses]] XIV,527-565.</ref>. === Claudia Quinta === Anno [[205 a.C.n.]], consultis et [[Libri Sibyllini|libris Sibyllinis]] et [[Pythia|oraculo Delphico]], Romani a deo responsum acceperunt, hostem ex Italia pellere si vellent, Matrem quaerendam esse atque Romam transportandam atque ibi optimo Romanorum tradendam. Itaque anno [[204 a.C.n.]] lapidem nigrum qui e caelo ceciderat et dea esse putabatur, favente rege [[Attalus I|Attalo]], ex Asia Romam nave advexerunt. Cum autem iam fluvio [[Tiberis|Tiberino]] navigarent, navis in harenis adhaesit nec moveri potuit. Post multos et vanos conatus, Claudia Quinta<ref>[[Titus Livius]] XXIX,14. [[Cicero]] ''De responsis haruspicum'' 27. [[Propertius]] IV,11,51-52. [[Suetonius]], ''Tiberius'' 2. [[Ovidius]], ''Fasti'' IV,291-330. [[Silius Italicus]] XVII,22-47.[[Herodianus]] I,35.[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/victor.html ''De Viris illustribus''] 46. [[Appianus Alexandrinus|Appianus]], ''Ann''. LVI,234-235. [[Minucius Felix]] ''Octavius'' VII,3 et XXVII,4. [[Lactantius]], ''[[Divinae institutiones|Divinarum institutionum]]'' II,7,12. Scaena etiam in marmore sculpta est : CIL VI,492 = Dessau 4096 = [[Corpus Cultus Cybelae Attidisque|CCCA]] III,218[http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder.php?bild=$CCCA-03_00218_1.jpg;$CCCA-03_00218_2.jpg;$CCCA-03_00218_3.jpg Textus]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> quaedam, cuius pudicitia male audiebat, exclamavit "ut pudicitia sibi constaret ita dea se sequeretur". Traxit funem et navis processit. Nonnulli auctores tradiderunt [[Vestalis virgo|Vestalem]] virginem fuisse (praecipue a secundo saeculo p.C.<ref>Graillot pp 60-66, qui putat matronam electam a ceteris mulieribus nobilibus fuisse (sic Cicero) ac postea fabulam novis incrementis adornatam esse.</ref>), alii matronam. Certe rumores de se sustulit. Tum [[Publius Scipio Nasica]], qui optimus Romanorum a [[Senatus Romanus|senatu]] iudicatus erat<ref>[[Valerius Maximus]] VIII,15,3. [[Plinius Maior]] VII,120.</ref>, deam accepit atque eam die 4to Aprilis in templum Victoriae in [[Mons Palatinus|monte Palatino]] collocavit, qui dies festus in posterum celebratus est. E qua fabula intelligere possumus quantum dii Asiatici a veteribus deis Romanis distarent : non tam caerimonias rite perfectas quam mores hominum sese colentium curabant. Quamquam, ut semper apud Romanos, haec inventio proposito politico non caret : optimi enim in primis sunt [[Optimates]] : et Claudia Quinta et Cornelius Nasica ex illustrissimis patriciis gentibus electi sunt, quae gentes saepe e Troiano quodam comite [[Aeneas|Aeneae]] ortas sese praetendebant. ===De bello Teutonico=== Anno [[102 a.C.n.]] paulo ante pugnam cum [[Teutones|Teutonibus]], Bataces quidam, Pessinuntius Magnae Matris sacerdos, Romam venit ex ipsis deae verbis victoriam Romanorum praenuntiaturus. Honorifice in senatum introductus est, sed postquam eadem apud populum agere voluit a [[Tribunus plebis|tribuno plebis]] Aulo Pompeio e tribunali vi detractus et vanitatis mendaciique accusatus est. Quo ipso die ille tribunus domum reversus in gravem morbum incidit ac post paucos dies interiit. Quod factum Romanorum fidem in huius deae potentiam auxit, ut quae iniuriam sibi inlatam tam manifeste vindicarat<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''Marius'' 17. [[Diodorus Siculus]] 36.13.</ref>. Ipse Marius mox Pessinuntem [[Votum|voti]] solvendi causa peregrinatus est<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''Marius'', 31.</ref> ([[hecatomba|hecatomben]] [[Votum|voverat]]). == De cultu Romano == === De Megalesibus === [[Fasciculus:Cybele Getty Villa 57.AA.19.jpg|left|thumb|Cybele in throno sedet. Aetas Romana.]] Sacerdotes ex Asia Romam deam suam secuti sunt&thinsp;: eunuchi enim erant et [[Galli (sacerdotes)|Galli]] vocabantur (fortasse quod primi ex [[Galatia]]<ref>Borgeaud pp118-126 (talis iam fuerat opinio Theodori [[Theodorus Mommsen|Mommsen]]). Ovidius contra dicit Gallum flumen in Phrygia fuisse, cuius aquam qui biberant furentes fiebant.</ref> venerant). [[Ludi Megalenses|Megalesia]] feriae in honorem deae inter quartum et decimum diem mensis Aprilis celebrabantur&thinsp;; tum clamorosa pompa imago deae per urbem a Gallis portabatur et [[Almo]]nis aqua abluebatur<ref>[[Sanctus Ambrosius]] ep. XVIII(30). Prodigiorum procurandorum causa nonnumquam etiam in mare mergebatur ([[Cassius Dio]] XLVIII,38). [[Ammianus Marcellinus]] XXIII.3.7ː tum lavatio diem sextum Kalendas Apriles fiebat.</ref> : mirantibus Romanis, tibiae Phrygiae, [[Tympanum|tympana]], cymbala et cornua magnum strepitum edebant. Nonnulli Galli armati [[Bacchae|bacchico]] more saltabant atque proprium sanguinem effundebant : sic priscos comites Asiaticos deae, Corybantes dictos, referebant. Fideles nummos argenteos vel aereos aut etiam rosas eis iactabant. Civibus Romanis sacerdotes esse aut ritibus tam freneticis interesse non licebat<ref>[[Dionysius Halicarnassensis|Dion. Hal]]. ''Ant. Rom''. II,19,5. Vir Phrygius et femina Phrygia Gallis praeerant.</ref>. Ita hic cultus Asiaticus a moribus Romanis abhorrens, quamquam in media Urbe quadrata [[Romulus|Romulea]] situs, a cetera religione secretus diu remansit. Reliquae feriae nihil Asiatici retinebant : nam [[ludi Megalenses]] ludi scaenici erant. [[Aedilis|Aediles]] curules tragoedias et comoedias eligebant, quas populo offerrent (scimus ex didascaliis fabularum et Plautum et Terentium comoedias ludis Megalensibus docuisse). [[Lectisternium]] quoque fiebat quo [[moretum]] Cybelae apponebatur, quia cibus priscus putabatur.<ref>[[Ovidius|Ovidii]] ''Fasti'' 4.367-372.</ref> Praeterea sodalitates ex nobilibus [[Gens|gentibus]] ad convivia tam dispendiosa vicissim inter se invitabant, ut senatusconsultum de sumptu eorum minuendo factum sit<ref>[[Cicero]] [[Cato maior de senectute|Cato Maior]] XIII,45.[[Aulus Gellius]] II,24.</ref>. Mox etiam circenses ludi die decimo Aprilis additi<ref>[[Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum|CIL]] I,306 =[[Fasti]] Praenestini [https://web.archive.org/web/20210211024022/http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi.php?s_sprache=de Textus] (in capsam "EDCS-ID" imprime "EDCS-38000281"). [[Iuvenalis]] Satirae XI,192-200.</ref> et sub [[Domitianus|Domitiano]] vel [[Traianus|Traiano]] imperatore statua Magnae Matris tergo leonis sedentis in spina [[Circus Maximus|circi]] prope obeliscum posita est<ref>[[Corpus Cultus Cybelae Attidisque|CCCA]] III,206. [[Tertullianus]] de Spectaculis VIII,5.</ref>. [[Augustus (imperator)|Augustus]] cultui deae favit, ut quae vicina domui Augustae erat in monte Palatino et tutelaris dea Troianorum fuerat : nam [[gens Iulia]], in quam adoptatus erat, per [[Iulus|Iulum]] ex [[Aeneas|Aenea]] ortam esse praetendebat. Itaque templum incendio anno [[3]] deletum restituit in pristinum splendorem<ref>[[Valerius Maximus]] I,8,3. [[Res gestae Divi Augusti|Res Gestae]] 19. [[Ovidius]], [[Fasti (Ovidius)|Fasti]] IV,348.</ref>. Et poeta novi principis, [[Vergilius]], partes magnas in [[Aeneis|Aeneide]] Magnae Matri tribuit. Nihilominus Megalesia feriae ritu Graeco-Romano celebrabantur, verae Phrygiae feriae, quibus [[Attis]] deus cum Cybele artissime coniunctus erat, non ante imperatorem [[Claudius (imperator)|Claudium]] Romae publice celebratae. === De cultu mystico === [[Claudius (imperator)|Imperator Claudius]] tandem prohibitiones sustulit<ref>Jean Bayet, ''La Religion romaine'', Payot, 1969: capitulo decimo.</ref>&thinsp;: abhinc per prima saecula post Christum natum cultus matris deum et pastoris Phrygii [[Attis|Attidis]], ministri eius, floruit per provincias disseminatus. Una e religionibus erat quae initiis et mysteriis aliquid post mortem mystis promittebat.<ref>S. Augustinus [[De civitate Dei|''De civitate Dei'']] VII,26.</ref> Tum in templis quae vocabulo Graeco '''Metroa''' (Μητρᾣα) nominabantur praecipua caerimonia erat [[Taurobolium|'''taurobolium''']], quo devotus deae sectator, [[sanguis|sanguine]] [[taurus|tauri]] immolati aspersus, velut [[baptismus|baptizabatur]] atque ''renatus in aeternum''<ref>Vermaseren, [[Corpus Cultus Cybelae Attidisque|Corpus]] III,242 = {{CIL|6|510}} = Dessau 4152, necnon {{CIL|6|736}}.</ref> dicebatur. Taurobolia publica quoque fiebant, ad salutem imperii et imperatoris. Et quotannis magnae celebrationes inter diem 15 et 27 mensis Martii publice fiebant&thinsp;: primo mortem Attidis lugebant, [[corpus]] suum lacerantes nonnumquam usque ad iacturam virilium partium (die 24 Martii quem "''Sanguem''" nuncupabant), mox eius resurrectionis laetitia exsultabant (die [[25 Martii|25]] = ''Hilaria''). Et feminae<ref>{{CIL|6|2257}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20190920191654/http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder.php?bild=$CIL_06_02257.jpg;$D_04160.jpg;$D_04160_1.jpg;$b.jpg] ; {{CIL|14|371}}[http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder.php?bild=$MC_CIL_14_00371.jpg;$MC_CIL_14_00371_1.jpg;$CCCA-03_00423_1.jpg;$CCCA-03_00423_2.jpg;$CCCA-03_00423_3.jpg;$CIL_14_00371.jpg]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> et viri Romani tum magni sacerdotes deae erant. == Fontes == === In litteris === [[Fasciculus:Tetradrachm Smyrna 160-150 obverse CdM Paris.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Cybeles (vel Tychae ?) turritum caput in [[tetradrachmum|tetradrachmo]] [[Smyrna]]e percusso, circa 150 a.C.n.]] * [[Ammianus Marcellinus]] XXII.9.5-8 necnon XXIII.3.7 * [[Appianus Alexandrinus|Appianus]], ''Annibalis liber'' LVI. *[[Aristophanes]], ''[[Aves (Aristophanes)|Aves]]'' 874-7. * [[Arnobius Maior|Arnobius]] libro septimo ''Adversus Nationes'' 49-51 ,necnon libro quinto 5-17. *[[Augustinus Hipponensis]], ''[[de civitate Dei]]'' II.4.57-5.59 necnon III.12.109. * [[Cassius Dio]], libro XLVIII ''[[Historia Romana (Dio)|Historiae Romanae]]'', cap. 38. * [[Catullus]] Carmen 63. * [[Dionysius Halicarnassensis]], libro secundo ''Antiquitatum Romanarum'' 18-19. * [[Euripides]], ''[[Bacchae]]'' 55-59, 72-87, 120-134 * [[Herodianus]] I,11. *[[Herodotus]] [[Historiae (Herodotus)|Melpomene]] 76 ''[[Historiae (Herodotus)|Terpsichore]]'' 102 * [[Iulianus]] ''Hymnus ad Matrem Deorum''. * [[Iulius Firmicus Maternus]] ''De errore profanarum religionum'' * [[Lucretius]] libro secundo ''De Natura rerum'' 601-661. * [[Minucius Felix]], ''Octavius'' XXIII,4. * [[Ovidius]], libro quarto [[Fasti (Ovidius)|Fastorum]], versibus 179–378. * [[Seneca]], ''[[Agamemnon (Seneca)|Agamemnon]]'' 686-90 * [[Statius]], libro decimo ''Thebaidis'', 170-175. * [[Strabo]] libro decimo ''Geographicorum'' capitulo tertio (12-13, 15, 18-19) necnon libro duodecimo 5.3 * [[Tertullianus]], ''Apologeticum'', capitulo XXV. * [[Tibullus]], libro primo ''Elegiarum'' carmine quarto : 68-70. * [[Titus Livius]] ''Ab Urbe condita'' XXIX,10-14 et XXXIV,54 et XXXVI,36,3. * [[Valerius Flaccus]] libro octavo [[Argonautica (Valerius Flaccus)|Argonauticon]] 239-242. * [[Varro Reatinus|Varro]], libro sexto de ''Lingua Latina'', capitulo quindecimo. * [[Vergilius]] libro tertio ''[[Aeneis|Aeneidos]]'' 101-116, necnon VI,784-787 et IX,77-122 et 617-620, X,252-255. === Inscriptiones === * M. J. Vermaseren, [[Corpus Cultus Cybelae Attidisque|''Corpus Cultus Cybelae Attidisque'']], Lugduni Batavorum, E.J. Brill, 1977-1989 (septem voluminibus). ISBN 90-04-05399-9 = Etudes préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'Empire romain, Vol 50. * {{CIL|6|512}} == Plura legere si cupis... == [[Fasciculus:Taurobolium.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Taurobolium]]. Imago incisa circa [[1780]].]] * Ph. Borgeaud, ''La Mère des dieux. De Cybèle à la Vierge Marie'', Le Seuil, 1996. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/hom_0439-4216_1997_num_37_144_370382 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1998_num_67_1_1321_t2_0402_0000_2 Altera recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_1997_num_75_1_5914_t1_0196_0000_1 Tertia recensio critica] [https://journals.openedition.org/kernos/687 Quarta recensio] * Hieronymus Carcopino, ''Galles et archigalles'' in Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire, 1923, vol. 40, n°1, pp.237-324. [http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/mefr_0223-4874_1923_num_40_1_7191#] *Lara Dubosson-Sbriglione, ''Le culte de la Mère des dieux dans l’Empire romain'', [[Stuttgardia|Stuttgardiae]] : Steiner, 2018 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_2019_num_121_2_6932_t13_0566_0000_1 Recensio critica] * G. S. Gasparro, ''Soteriology and mystic aspects in the cult of Cybele and Attis : with a frontispiece'' Lugduni Batavorum : E. J. Brill, 1985. (Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'Empire romain ; 103). [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rhr_0035-1423_1987_num_204_3_2136 Recensio critica] [https://books.google.fr/books?id=K_EUAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] *Juliette de La Genière, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_1986_num_130_1_14336 Le culte de la Mère des dieux dans le Péloponnèse]", ''Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres'' 1986(130-1) ː 29-48 *Henricus Rudolfus Goehler Dresdensis, ''[https://archive.org/details/goehler_matris_magnae_1886_latin_greek/goehler_matris_magnae_1886_latin_atkinson/mode/2up De Matris Magnae apud Romanos Cultu]'', Misniae, 1886 * H. Graillot, ''[https://archive.org/details/graillot_cybele_mere_dieux_1912_french/graillot_cybele_1912_french_artemisia/mode/2up Le culte de Cybèle, Mère des dieux, à Rome et dans l'empire romain]'', Parisiis, 1912. * Emmanuel Laroche, « Koubaba, déesse anatolienne, et le problème des origines de Cybèle », dans ''Éléments orientaux dans la religion grecque ancienne. Colloque de Strasbourg, 22-24 mai 1958'', Paris, Presses universitaires de France , 1960 ː113-128. * Carolus Pavolini, '[https://www.academia.edu/35355196/CARLO_PAVOLINI_La_musica_e_il_culto_di_Cibele_nellOccidente_romano_in_Archeologia_Classica_LXVI_2015_pp_345_375 La musica e il culto di Cibele nell'occidente romano]', ''Archeologia classica'' 2015(66) : 345-375. * Lynn E. Roller, ''In Search of God the Mother: the cult of Anatolian Cybele'', University of California Press, 1999 ISBN 0-520-21024-7. [https://books.google.fr/books?id=e9r2semlxPwC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2001/2001.09.17/ Recensio critica] * [Miscellanea in honorem MJ Vermaseren], ''Cybele, Attis and related cults: essays in memory of M. J. Vermaseren'', curante Eugenio N. Lane. Lugduni Batavorum: E. J. Brill, 1996. (Religions in the Graeco-Roman world, 131). [http://books.google.fr/books?id=T1nmUY70OzEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=cybele+attis+related+cults+vermaseren&source=bl&ots=4sV927fXOB&sig=yll_-v1a9iuX_otquqDDrqIFDoQ&hl=fr&sa=X&ei=SPkgUMXFAYqp0AWX64CIDg&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=cybele%20attis%20related%20cults%20vermaseren&f=false]. *Susan Satterfield, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/41547220 Intention and Exoticism in Magna Mater's Introduction into Rome]", ''Latomus'', 2012: 373-391 *Ambra Spinelli, 'The "Getty Cybele" : a roman portrait of feminine virtues', ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 2017(121) : 369-396. * R. Turcan, ''Les Religions de l'Asie dans la vallée du Rhône'' Lugduni Batavorum: E. J. Brill, 1972. ISBN 90-04-03441-2. ** ''Numismatique romaine du culte métroaque''. Lugduni Batavorum: Brill, 1983. ISBN 90-04-06843-0. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1989_num_58_1_2274_t1_0581_0000_2 recensio critica] ** ''Les cultes orientaux dans le monde romain''. Parisiis: les Belles lettres, 1989. ISBN 2-251-38001-9. * Francisca Van Haeperen, ''[https://books.openedition.org/ephe/1267 Étrangère et ancestrale,la Mère des dieux dans le monde romain]'', Publications de l’École Pratique des Hautes Études, 2019. [https://journals.openedition.org/asr/1886 Summarium in ''Annuaire de l'École pratique des hautes études: résumés des conférences et travaux'', 2018(125)] **'[https://books.openedition.org/septentrion/68649 Les acteurs du culte de Magna Mater à Rome et dans les provinces occidentales de l'Empire]' in ''Figures d'empire, fragments de mémoire : pouvoirs et identités dans le monde romain impérial (IIe s. av. n. è. - VIe s. de n. è.)'', Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 2011 ː 467-484 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=SmPbtKvIrkUC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Apud Guglum librorum] *Maya Vassileva, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3643027 Further Considerations on the Cult of Kybele]", ''Anatolian Studies'', 2001 51-63 *Christophe Vendries, "[https://books.openedition.org/pur/23708 Pour les oreilles de Cybèle : images plurielles de la musique sur les autels tauroboliques de la Gaule romaine]" in ''Chanter les dieux: Musique et religion dans l'Antiquité grecque et romaine'', Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2001: 197-217 * M. J.Vermaseren, ''[https://archive.org/details/vermaseren-1977-cybele-attis/mode/2up Cybele and Attis: the myth and the cult]'' Londini: Thames and Hudson, 1977. ISBN 0-500-25054-5. == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Agdistis]] * [[Attis]] * [[Dea materna]] * [[Religio Anatolica]] * [[Rhea]] * [[Galli (sacerdotes)|Galli]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cybele|Cybelem}} * Imagines Cybelae in [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025421/http://warburg.sas.ac.uk/vpc/VPC_search/subcats.php?cat_1=5&cat_2=198 ''Museaeo Iconographico Warburgiano''] {{FA stella}} [[Categoria:Deae]] [[Categoria:Mythologia Graeca]] [[Categoria:Mythologia Phrygia]] [[Categoria:Mythologia Romana]] [[Categoria:Personae Aeneidos]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] d2g93l17m63e81orte5b7tokzjlvx9i 0 61310 3958326 2962120 2026-05-04T12:02:16Z IacobusAmor 1163 3958326 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iacobus Kunst,''' [[Lingua Batava|Nederlandice]] '''Jaap Kunst''' ([[1891]]–[[1960]]), fuit [[ethnomusicologia|ethnomusicologus]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandensis]], qui praecipue in [[gamelan]] [[Indonesia]]e [[musica]]m cognitam se incubuit. [[Vocabulum]] ''[[ethnomusicologia]]m'' excogitavit, ''musicologiam comparativam,'' priscum vocabulum, contradicens. ==Vita== Kunst natus est [[Groninga (urbs)|Groningae]] in [[urbs|urbe]] die [[12 Augusti]] [[1891]], filius binorum musicorum, et [[violina|violinā]] canere coepit duodeviginti menses natus. Gradu in [[iurisprudentia]] apud Universitatem Groningen anno [[1917]] ei concesso, victum iurisconsultus et [[argentarius]] duos annos quaesiit. Iter in [[Indiae Orientales Nederlandicae|Indiis Orientalibus Nederlandicis]] cum [[trinio chordarum|trinione chordarum]] faciens, in [[Iava]] commorari instituit, et stationem reipublicae [[Bandung]] in [[urbs|urbe]] accepit. Interdum [[musica Indonesia|musicae Indonesiae]] studiosus esse coepit, praecipue [[musica Iavanica|musicae Iavanicae]]. Pro Museo Bataviano archivum [[instrumentum musicum|instrumentorum musicorum]], impressionum phonographicorum, [[liber|libroprum]] et [[photographema]]tum constituit. Anno [[1936]], ad Nederlandiam rediit, ubi anno [[1936]] curator creatus est [[Institutum Tropicum Regale|Instituti Tropici Regalis]] [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]], quod unum ex institutis maximi momenti eius generis in [[Europa]] factum est.<!-- Later he gave lectures on Indonesian music at the University of Amsterdam in 1953 and became a member of the faculty there in 1958. In 1956, Kunst released an album of folksongs, on Folkways Records, entitled Living Folksongs and Dance-Tunes from the Netherlands.--> Kunst mortuus est [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] die [[7 Decembris]] [[1960]]. == Praemium Iacobus Kunst == [[Societas pro Ethnomusicologia]] praemium nomine Iacobi Kunst quotannis concedit cui socio societatis optimum anni commentarium ethnomusicologicum divulgavit. == Bibliographia selecta == *[[1925]]. ''De toonkunst van Bali''. Cum C. Kunst Van-Wely scriptum. Weltevreden. *[[1927]]. ''Hindoe-Javaansche muziekinstrumenten.'' Cum R. Goris scriptum. [[Batavia]]e. In Anglicum conversum: ''Hindu-Javanese Musical Instruments.'' Editio altera, retractata, [[1968]]. *[[1931]]. ''Over zeldzame fluiten en veelstemmige muziek in het Ngada: en Nagehgebied, West-Flores.'' [[Batavia]]e. *[[1931]]. ''Musicologisch onderzoek.'' [[Batavia]]e. *[[1931]]. ''A Study on Papuan Music.'' Weltevreden. *[[1933]], [[1973]]. ''Music in Java: Its History, Its Theory and Its Technique.'' 2 vol. [[Haga]]e. *[[1934]]. ''De toonkunst van Java.'' [[Haga]]e. In Anglicum conversum: ''Music in Java,'' [[1949]]. Ed 3a, dilatata, [[1973]]. *[[1940]]. ''Een en ander over den Javaanschen gamelan.'' [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]. Ed 4a, [[1945]]. *[[1942]]. ''Music in Flores: A Study of the Vocal and Instrumental Music Among the Tribes Living in Flores.'' Leiden. *[[1942]]. ''Music in Nias.'' Leiden. *[[1948]]. ''Around von Hornbostel's Theory of the Cycle of Blown Fifths.'' [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]. *[[1948]]. ''Het levende lied van Nederland.'' 4a ed. [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]. *[[1949]]. ''The Cultural Background of Indonesian Music.'' [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]. *[[1950]]. ''Begdja, het gamelanjongetje.'' [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]. *[[1950]]. ''De inheemsche muziek in Westelijk Nieuw-Guinea.'' [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]. *[[1950]]. ''Metre, Rhythm, and Multi-Part Music.'' Leiden. *[[1950]]. ''Musicologica: (A Study of the Nature of Ethno-Musicology, Its Problems, Methods and Representative Personalities).'' [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]: Indisch Instituut. *[[1953]]. ''Kultur-historische Beziehungen zwischen dem Balkan und Indonesien.'' [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]. In Anglicum conversum, [[1954]]. *[[1953]]. ''Sociologische bindingen in de muziek''. [[Haga]]e. *[[1974]]. ''Ethnomusicology: A Study of Its Nature, Its Problems, Methods and Representative Personalities''['',''] ''to Which is Added a Bibliography.'' [[Haga]]e: [[Martinus Nijhoff]]. *[[1994]]. ''Indonesian music and dance; traditional music and its interaction with the West.'' Conlocatio commentariorum ([[1934]]–[[1952]]) primum Hollandice editorum, cum commentationibus biographicis ab Ernesto Heins, Elisabetha den Otter, et Felice van Lamsweerde scriptis. [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]: Situs Ethnomusicologiae apud [[Regium Institutum Tropicale]] (Tropenmuseum) [[Universitas Amstelodami|Universitatis Amstelodami]]. Etiam edidit Kunst conlocationes carminum folkloricorum [[Nederlandia|Nederlandensium]] et [[Nova Guinea|Novaguineensium]]. == De Iacobo Kunst == *[[Mantle Hood|Hood, Mantle]]. [[1980]]. Kunst, Jaap. ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' 10:307–309. [[Londinium|Londinii]]: Macmillan. *"Preface to the First Edition." In Kunst (1933) 1973. {{Lifetime|1891|1960|Kunst, Jaap}} [[Categoria:Auctores Nederlandici]] [[Categoria:Ethnomusicologi]] [[Categoria:Gamelan]] [[Categoria:Musicologi Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Orientalistae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Nederlandiae]] 8ewqui04lztyjwdkfa6dj0mbm0yvcq6 0 76018 3958386 3958134 2026-05-05T04:13:53Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Sabratha excavation Panorama April 2004.jpg|thumb|600 px|Ruinae antiquae urbis Sabrate]] {{res|Sabrat(h)a}} ([[Graece]] Σάβραθα) est [[Libya]]e [[urbs]] in [[Africa (provincia Romana)|Africa provincia]] a [[Leptis Magna|Lepte Magna]] 100 chiliometra in occidentem versus distans. Sabratha, [[Oea]] et [[Leptis Magna]] tres urbes Tripolis antiquae Libycae fuerunt. Sabrata urbs [[patrimonium totius mundi]] locus est ab [[UNESCO]] anno 1982. == Monumenta notabiles == * forum * [[Liber Pater|Liberi patris]] templum, [[Serapis|Serapidis]] templum, [[Isis|Isidis]] templum * basilicae * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sabratae theatrum||fr|qid=Q28974187}} * amphithetrum == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Sabratha|Sabratam}} {{fontes geographici}} * [http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=184 Sabratha, UNESCO Patrimonium totius mundi] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Urbes Libyae]] [[Categoria:Loci archaeologici Libyae]] [[Categoria:Patrimonium totius mundi]] [[Categoria:Urbes antiquae]] 2kxj1067wb338yhlbwq3atxirthcbbh 0 78910 3958349 3892693 2026-05-04T16:44:28Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958349 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Graph of example function.svg|thumb|250px|[[Graphum (mathematica)|Graphum]] cuiusdam [[functio differentiabilis|functionis differentiabilis]] continuaeque in [[intervallum (mathematica)|intervallo]] [-1,1.5] definitae:<br /> <center><math>\begin{align}&\scriptstyle f \colon [-1,1.5] \to [-1,1.5] \\ &\textstyle x \mapsto \frac{(4x^3-6x^2+1)\sqrt{x+1}}{3-x}\end{align}</math></center>]] '''Continuitas''' in [[topologia]] est [[functio]] [[numerus realis|realis]] [[functio|dominii]] <math>f: I\to\mathbb{R}</math> super [[Intervallum (mathematica)|intervallo]] reali <math>I\subseteq\mathbb{R}</math> continua est, si [[Graphum (mathematica)|graphum]] functionis <math>f</math> stilo non sublato describi potest. Pars [[mathematica]]e quae de functionibus continuis tractat est [[analysis]]; pars quae de rebus discretis tractat est [[mathematica discreta]], in qua sunt [[calculus coniunctionibus]] vel "ars combinatoria," [[arithmetica]] [[numerus integer|integrorum]], et [[probabilitas]]. == Definitio pro functionis realibus == Sunt duae definitiones continuitatis quae aequae sunt: # ''Regula Epsilon-Delta''<ref>Harro Heuser, ''Lehrbuch der Analysis. Teil 1.'' 8. Auflage, B. G. Teubner, Stuttgart 1990. ISBN 3-519-12231-6. '''Definition 34.6'''</ref>:<math> f\colon D \to \R</math> ''continua in <math>x_0 \in D</math>'' est, si <br /> omnibus <math>\varepsilon>0</math> est <math>\delta > 0</math>, ut omnibus numeris dominii <math>x \in D</math>, qui obtemperent <br /> <math>|x - x_0| < \delta</math>, valeat <math>|f(x) - f(x_0)| < \varepsilon </math>. # ''Regula [[sequentia (mathematica)|sequentiarum]]''<ref>Harro Heuser, ''Lehrbuch der Analysis. Teil 1.'' 8. Auflage, B. G. Teubner, Stuttgart 1990. ISBN 3-519-12231-6. S. 212</ref>: <math> f\colon D\to \R</math> est ''continua in <math>x_0 \in D</math>'', si, cum quaelibet sequentia <math>(x_k)_{k\in\N}</math> <math>(x_k\in D)</math> posita est, quae ad <math>x_0</math> convergit, etiam <math>f(x_k)</math> ad <math>f(x_0)</math> convergit. Functio appellatur ''continua in <math>D</math>'', si est continua in locis omnibus dominii. Si est <math> x_0 \in D </math>, ubi functio continua non est, ibi ''discontinua'' appellatur. === Exempla === * Functiones <math>\sin\colon \R \to \R,\; x \mapsto \sin x</math> et <math>\cos \colon \R \to \R,\; x \mapsto \cos x</math> continuae sunt in <math>\R</math>. * [[Signum (functio)|Functio signi]] <math>\ \operatorname{sgn}(x)=\begin{cases}1\ , & x>0\ ,\\ 0\ , & x=0\ ,\\ -1\ , & x<0\ ,\end{cases}</math> <br /> in omnibus locis <math>x \in \R\setminus \{0\}</math> continua est, sed loco 0 discontinua: limes laevus est −1, dexter autem +1 ideoque [[Analysis#Limes|limes]] <math>\lim_{x\to 0}\,\operatorname{sgn}(x)</math> non est. * Functio Dirichlet *: <math>f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\ ,\ f(x) := \left\{\begin{array}{ll}1\ ,&x \in \mathbb{Q}\ ,\\0\ ,&x \in \mathbb{R} \setminus \mathbb{Q}\ ,\end{array}\right.</math> :ubique discontinua est. Illustratio functionum discontinuarum: <gallery> File:Jump discontinuity ladlag.svg|Functio discontinua File:Jump discontinuity caglad.svg|Functio quidem discontinua, sed tamen continua ''de laevo latere'' File:Jump discontinuity cadlag.svg|Functio quidem discontinua, sed tamen continua ''de dextro latere'' </gallery> == Definitio pro functionis spatiorum [[Topologia|topologicorum]] == Est defintio usitata: # ''Regula copiarum apertarum'': Sint <math>X</math>et <math>Y</math>spatia topologica, <math>f: X \rightarrow Y</math> functio et <math>x_0 \in X</math>. <math>f</math>continua in <math>x_0</math>est, si pro qualibet circumiecta <math>V</math> a <math>f(x_0)</math>est circumiecta <math>U</math>a <math>x_0</math>, ut <math>f(U) \subset V</math> sit.<ref>Harro Heuser, ''Lehrbuch der Analysis. Teil 2.'' 14. Auflage, Teubner 2012. ISBN 3-835-10208-7, pagina 230</ref> == Theoremata == * Si functiones <math> f </math> et <math> g </math> continuae in [[Analysis#Functio|dominio]] communi <math>D</math> sunt, tum et <math> f + g </math> et <math> f - g </math> et <math> f \cdot g </math> continuae super <math> D </math> sunt; si functioni g insuper nulli loci valoris 0 (id est: nullus est numerus <math> x_0 \in D </math> ut <math> g(x_0)=0 </math>) sint, tum et <math> \frac{f}{g} </math> continua est. * [[compositio (mathematica)|Compositio]] <math> f \circ g </math> duarum functionum continuarum est continua. * '''Continuitas functionis inversae''': :Si <math>I</math> est intervallum in <math>\mathbb{R}</math> et <math>f\colon I\rightarrow\mathbb R</math> est functio continua, rigide crescens aut cadens, tum imago intervalli <math>I</math> sub <math>f</math> est intervallum <math>J</math>, <br /><math>f\colon I\to J</math> est [[functio biiectiva|biiectiva]], et functio inversa <math>f^{-1}\colon J\to I</math> est continua. * '''Theorema valorum omnium acceptorum''': :Si <math>f:[a,b]\to\mathbb{R}</math> est functio continua, cui <math>a<b</math> et <math>f(a)<f(b)</math> valet, tum omnibus numeris <math>d\in[f(a),f(b)]</math> est <math>x\in[a,b]</math>, ut <math>f(x)=d</math> valeat. :Item in casu <math>f(a)>f(b)</math> et <math>d\in[f(b),f(a)]</math>. * '''Theorema extremitatum acceptarum''': : Si <math>f\colon[a,b]\to\mathbb{R}</math> est functio continua, tum sunt numeri <math>t,h\in[a,b]</math>, ut :: <math>f(t)\leq f(x)\leq f(h)</math> omnibus numeris <math>x\in[a,b]</math> valeat. {{NexInt}} * [[Analysis mathematica]] * [[Functio differentiabilis]] * [[Limes (mathematica)]] * [[Polynomium]] * [[Signum (functio)|Signum]] * [[Theoria copiarum]] * [[Topologia]] == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == * [http://mo.mathematik.uni-stuttgart.de/lexikon/S/stetigkeit.html nexus ad paginam theodiscam continuitatem explicantem] * [http://www.mathematik.de/ger/fragenantworten/erstehilfe/stetigkeit/stetigkeit.html mathematik.de – explicatio visualis regulae Epsilon-Delta]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Categoria:Mathematica]] 77csm9vqco2azenwj7r0lgl7qek7vjz 0 87269 3958409 3768356 2026-05-05T06:25:01Z Bartholomite 116968 3958409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Gilbertus Keith Chesterton}} (natus [[Kensingtonia]]e prope [[Londinium]] die [[29 Maii]] [[1874]]; mortuus in [[Beaconsfield]] die [[14 Iunii]] [[1936]]) fuit [[mythistoria]]rum criminalium [[scriptor]] et poeta [[Anglia|Anglicus]]. Anno 1922 Chesterton in fidem Christianam Catholicam convertus est. Is scripsit biographia poetae Roberti Browning. == Opera selecta == * [[1904]]: ''The Napoleon of Notting Hill'' * [[1905]] ''Heretics'' * [[1908]]: ''The Man Who Was Thursday'' * 1908: ''Orthodoxy'' * [[1909]]: ''The Ball and the Cross'' * [[1912]]: ''Manalive'' * [[1914]]: ''The Flying Inn'' * [[1925]]: ''The Everlasting Man'' * [[1926]]: ''The Incredulity of Father Brown'' * [[1927]]: ''The Return of Don Quixote'' == Bibliographia == * Kevin Belmonte, ''Defiant Joy: The Remarkable Life and Impact of G.K. Chesterton''. Londinii: Nelson, 2011 {{Google Books|1rsXvfW2aiEC|Paginae selectae}} * Joseph Pearce, ''Wisdom and Innocence: a life of G. K. Chesterton''. Londinii: Hodder and Stoughton, 1996. ISBN 0-340-67132-7 == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Gilbert Keith Chesterton|Gilbertum Keith Chesterton}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://www.britannica.com/biography/G-K-Chesterton De vita] in ''[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]]'' {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1874|1936|Chesterton, Gilbertus Keith}} [[Categoria:Apologetae Christiani]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Scriptores mythistoriarum Angliae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] pf2dmgf61l784lkhjwl6ywfglj6ue96 0 89398 3958365 2439994 2026-05-04T20:47:14Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3958365 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Georgius Michael Hahn''' (natus [[Clinga]]e<ref name="Clinga">Theodisce ''Klingenmünster''. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> Germaniae die [[24 Novembris]] [[1830]]; [[Vasingtonia, D.C.|Vasingtoniae]] mortuus die [[15 Martii]] [[1886]]), [[causidicus]], fuit rerum politicarum peritus [[CFA|Americanus]] factionis [[Factio Republicana (CFA)|Republicanae]], qui inter alia ab anno [[1864]] usque ad annum [[1865]] [[Ludoviciana]]e gubernator militaris fuit. Praeterea Hahn sive in [[Camera Repraesentantum Civitatum Foederatarum]] populi secundi Ludoviciane districti sive postea in [[senatus (CFA)|senatu]] Ludovicianae civitatis legatus fuit. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=a259e93e20076010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD Brevis biographia apud Societatem Nationalem Gubernatorum] (''National Governors Association'') * [http://www.enlou.com/people/hahngm-bio.htm Biographia] apud Ludovicianae paginas interretiales * {{CongBio|H000019}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Gubernatores Ludovicianae}} {{Lifetime|1830|1886|Hahn, Georgius Michael}} [[Categoria:Gubernatores Ludovicianae]] [[Categoria:Causidici]] [[Categoria:Senatores Civitatum Foederatarum Ludovicianae]] [[Categoria:Camerae Repraesentantium Civitatum Foederatarum legati Ludovicianae]] i2ija4oroh8v6mxgz70bj3w5h6mz6r1 3958371 3958365 2026-05-04T22:28:37Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3958371 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Georgius Michael Hahn''' (natus [[Clinga]]e<ref name="Clinga">Theodisce ''Klingenmünster''. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> [[Germania]]e die [[24 Novembris]] [[1830]]; [[Vasingtonia, D.C.|Vasingtoniae]] mortuus die [[15 Martii]] [[1886]]) fuit [[causidicus]] et [[rerum politicarum peritus]] [[CFA|Americanus]] factionis [[Factio Republicana (CFA)|Republicanae]], qui ab anno [[1864]] usque ad annum [[1865]] [[Ludoviciana]]e gubernator militaris fuit. Praeterea, sive in [[Camera Repraesentantum Civitatum Foederatarum]] populi secundi Ludoviciane districtus, sive postea in [[senatus (CFA)|senatu]] Ludovicianae civitatis, legatus fuit. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=a259e93e20076010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD Brevis biographia apud Societatem Nationalem Gubernatorum] (''National Governors Association'') * [http://www.enlou.com/people/hahngm-bio.htm Biographia] apud Ludovicianae paginas interretiales * {{CongBio|H000019}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Gubernatores Ludovicianae}} {{Lifetime|1830|1886|Hahn, Georgius Michael}} [[Categoria:Camerae Repraesentantium Civitatum Foederatarum legati Ludovicianae]] [[Categoria:Causidici]] [[Categoria:Gubernatores Ludovicianae]] [[Categoria:Senatores Civitatum Foederatarum Ludovicianae]] hy5vboubmdgs06fdonam7tpwdx2hjku 0 91904 3958422 3874815 2026-05-05T11:51:57Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videhom|Edda rhythmica}} {{L-1}} [[Fasciculus:Edda.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Titulus libri [[manuscriptum|manu scripti]] ''Edda.'']] '''Edda Snorronis'''<ref>Petrus Ioannis Resenius (ed.): [https://baekur.is/bok/000365732/0/6/Edda#page/n5/mode/2up ''Edda Islandorum, anno Christi MCCXV Islandice conscripta per Snorronem Sturlae, Islandiae nomophylacem (…).'']{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Hafniae 1665.</ref><ref>[https://baekur.is/bok/000365811/1/8/Edda_Snorra_Sturlusonar#page/n7/mode/2up ''Edda Snorra Sturlusonar. Edda Snorronis Sturlaei,'']{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} tom. 1–3 (Hafniae: 1848, 1852, 1880–87).</ref> (eruditis hodiernis descriptione "Edda oratione soluta scripta" cognita) est opus a [[Snorro Sturlaeus|Snorrone Sturlaeo]], [[auctor]]e [[litterae Islandicae|Islandico]], anno fere [[1220]] compositum. Consistit in "[[Ludificatio Gylviana|Ludificatione Gylviana]]" (''Gylfaginning''), quae de [[mythologia Nordica|deis Nordicis]] [[narratio|narrat]] et libro "[[Skáldscaparmál|De dictione poëtica]]" (''Skáldskaparmál'') qui formulas et synonyma poësis Islandicae antiquae enumerat necnon "[[Háttatal|Clavis metrica]]" (''Háttatal'') de versuum prosodia. == Exemplar e scriptis == Initium Eddae Snorronis (Þróun guðshugmyndar): ::Almáttigr guð skapaði í upphafi himin ok jörð ok alla þá hluti, er þeim fylgja, og síðast menn tvá, er ættir eru frá komnar, Adam ok Evu, ok fjölgaðist þeira kynslóð ok dreifðist um heim allan. :Quod Latine est: ::''In principio creavit Deus omnipotens caelum et terram et omnes res quae in iis sunt; postremo, duos gentis humanae, [[Adam et Eva]]m, ex quibus omnes gentes exsisterunt.'' == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == ; Editiones Nordico-Latinae bilingues * [[Petrus Ioannis Resenius]], ed., ''Edda Islandorum, an. Chr. MCCXV Islandice conscripta per Snorronem Sturlae''. Havniae: typis Henrici Gödiani, 1665 [http://www.mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10007610-0 Textus apud MDZ] * ''Edda Snorra Sturlusonar: Edda Snorronis Sturlæi''. 3 voll. Hafniae: typis Arnamagnaeanis, 1848-1880 {{Ling|lingua Nordica antiqua|Latine}} {{Google Books|EgsGAAAAQAAJ|Vol. 1}} {{Google Books|6GcJAAAAQAAJ|Vol. 2}} ; Aliae editiones et eruditio * ''Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages'' (Tornaci: Brepols): vol. 3. Kari Ellen Gade, Edith Marold, edd., ''Poetry from Treatises on Poetics''. 2017 [https://skaldic.abdn.ac.uk/m.php?p=vol&i=3 Recensio interretialis] == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060906005755/http://www.cybersamurai.net/Mythology/nordic_gods/LegendsSagas/Edda/ProseEdda/ContentsIcelandic.htm CyberSamurai Encyclopedia of Norse Mythology: Edda Snorronis] {{Ling|Islandice}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061006035037/http://www.cybersamurai.net/Mythology/nordic_gods/LegendsSagas/Edda/ProseEdda/ContentsEnglish.htm CyberSamurai Encyclopedia of Norse Mythology: Edda Snorronis] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://books.google.fr/books?id=EgsGAAAAQAAJ Textus apud Google Books] {{Ling|Islandice|Latine}} + [[Categoria:Islandiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Libri de arte poetica]] [[Categoria:Libri mythologici]] [[Categoria:Lingua Nordica antiqua]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latine versae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Nordicae antiquae]] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 13]] 8jlq1and23lff7q698gf9xzzd8kwy0p 0 117565 3958415 3755150 2026-05-05T07:06:06Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958415 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Diverso da chi?''' (fere [[Latine]] ) est pellicula et comoedia anno [[2009]] a [[moderator cinematographicus|moderatore cinematographico]] [[Italia|Italico]] [[Humbertus Carteni|Humberto Carteni]] creata et ducta. In hac pellicula de rerum politicarum perito [[Homophylophilia|homophylophilo]] qui mulieris amore captus est, agunt: * [[Lucas Argentero]]: Piero * [[Claudia Gerini]]: Adele * [[Philippus Nigro]]: Remo * [[Franciscus Pannofino]]: Galeazzo * [[Iosephus Cederna]]: Serafini * [[Antonius Catania]]: Corazza * [[Rinaldus Rocco]]: Samuele == Nexus externi == * [http://www.diversodachi.com/ Pelliculae pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{Imdb title|1213638|Diverso da chi?}} {{cine-stipula}} [[Categoria:Pelliculae 2009]] [[Categoria:Pelliculae Italicae]] [[Categoria:Pelliculae comoedicae]] [[Categoria:Pelliculae de rebus homosexualibus]] lw78v4kqp6z7kj8g52ldy35hwy3ibdt 0 121802 3958347 3958285 2026-05-04T16:37:17Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Historia */ 3958347 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:2002-Soultz, Eglise St Maurice.JPG|thumb|Communis [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Mauritius|sancto Mauritio]] dicata]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 68315.png|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Communis tabula]] '''Soultz-Haut-Rhin''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Sulz'', Latine duodecimo saeculo: ''villa et parochia Sulsa''<ref>A. Gasser (1905) p.6.</ref>) est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 7019 incolarum (anno [[2022]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Rhenus Superior|Rheni Superioris]] et ab anno 2021 [[Communitas Europaea Alsatiae|Communitatis Europaeae Alsatiae]] in regione orientali olim [[Alsatia]] et a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Alsatia Campania Arduenna et Lotharingia]] et nunc ex plebiscito ''Grand Est'' vocata. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Sults Statt.jpg|thumb|Sultz in ''Topographia Alsatiae'' (saec.17). In loco A notato sunt balinea.]] Nomen ad fontem aquae salsae spectat, ad quem vicus aedificatus est. Iam septimo saeculo memorabatur. Ab anno 1079 usque ad [[1789]] Sultz in dominium [[Episcopus|episcoporum]] [[Argentoratum|Argentoratensium]] ''Hochmundat'' nuncupatum incorporatum est cuius caput [[Rubeacum]] fuit. Tertio decimo saeculo urbs moenibus circumdata est atque iura urbis habuit. Ab anno [[1310]] domus [[Ordo Hospitalis|ordinis hospitalis]] sancti Iohannis ibi fuit. In regestis [[Paroecia|parochialibus]] incolae 'Sultzenses' appellantur. == Administratio == Sultz est caput [[canto|cantonis]] eiusdem nominis in [[circumdarium|circumdario]] Thann-Guebwiller. Communis fines in duas partes separatas divisi sunt (inter eas sunt [[Jungholtz]] et [[Wuenheim]]). == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == [[Fasciculus:Ruisseau le Rimbach, vu du vieux pont.jpg|thumb|Rivus Rimbach urbem transfluit.]] *Augustus Gasser, ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k57858481/f8.item L'église et la paroisse de Soultz (Haute-Alsace)]'', [[Colmaria|Colmariae,]] H. Huffel, 1905 * ''Livre d'or de la ville de Soultz en Haute-Alsace'', Soultz, 1909 [https://books.google.fr/books/about/Livre_d_or_de_la_ville_de_Soultz_en_Haut.html?id=saRHArB9bf8C&redir_esc=y Guglum librorum] *Moïse GINSBURGER, ''[https://www.judaisme-alsalor.fr/synagog/hautrhin/r-z/soultz/hist-sz.htm Histoire de la Communauté israélite de Soultz (Haut-Rhin)]'', 1939 {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Rheni Superioris|Index communium praefecturae Rheni Superioris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Soultz-Haut-Rhin|Soultz-Haut-Rhin}} * [https://www.ville-soultz.fr/ Soultz-Haut-Rhin pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|68315|de=Soultz-Haut-Rhin}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=36719 De hoc communi apud Cassini] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Praefecturae Rheni Superioris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Rheni superioris]] keaets0fk3c5qi4hwazc4pin8d7v71x 3958348 3958347 2026-05-04T16:42:51Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Historia */ 3958348 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:2002-Soultz, Eglise St Maurice.JPG|thumb|Communis [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Mauritius|sancto Mauritio]] dicata]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 68315.png|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Communis tabula]] '''Soultz-Haut-Rhin''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Sulz'', Latine duodecimo saeculo: ''villa et parochia Sulsa''<ref>A. Gasser (1905) p.6.</ref>) est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 7019 incolarum (anno [[2022]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Rhenus Superior|Rheni Superioris]] et ab anno 2021 [[Communitas Europaea Alsatiae|Communitatis Europaeae Alsatiae]] in regione orientali olim [[Alsatia]] et a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Alsatia Campania Arduenna et Lotharingia]] et nunc ex plebiscito ''Grand Est'' vocata. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Sults Statt.jpg|thumb|Sultz in ''Topographia Alsatiae'' (saec.17). In loco A notato sunt balinea.]] Nomen ad fontem aquae salsae spectat, ad quem vicus aedificatus est. Iam septimo saeculo memorabatur. Ab anno 1079 usque ad [[1789]] Sultz in dominium [[Episcopus|episcoporum]] [[Argentoratum|Argentoratensium]] ''Hochmundat'' nuncupatum incorporatum est cuius caput [[Rubeacum]] fuit. Tertio decimo saeculo urbs moenibus circumdata est atque iura urbis habuit. Ab anno [[1310]] domus [[Ordo Hospitalis|ordinis hospitalis]] sancti Iohannis ibi fuit. In [[Bellum rusticum Germanicum|Bello rustico]] (1525) rustici Sultz ab incolis adiuti ceperunt, conventus diripuerunt atque inde [[Guebwiller]] oppugnatum ierunt. Ideo pacata regione in Sultzenses saevitum est. In regestis [[Paroecia|parochialibus]] incolae 'Sultzenses' appellantur. == Administratio == Sultz est caput [[canto|cantonis]] eiusdem nominis in [[circumdarium|circumdario]] Thann-Guebwiller. Communis fines in duas partes separatas divisi sunt (inter eas sunt [[Jungholtz]] et [[Wuenheim]]). == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == [[Fasciculus:Ruisseau le Rimbach, vu du vieux pont.jpg|thumb|Rivus Rimbach urbem transfluit.]] *Augustus Gasser, ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k57858481/f8.item L'église et la paroisse de Soultz (Haute-Alsace)]'', [[Colmaria|Colmariae,]] H. Huffel, 1905 * ''Livre d'or de la ville de Soultz en Haute-Alsace'', Soultz, 1909 [https://books.google.fr/books/about/Livre_d_or_de_la_ville_de_Soultz_en_Haut.html?id=saRHArB9bf8C&redir_esc=y Guglum librorum] *Moïse GINSBURGER, ''[https://www.judaisme-alsalor.fr/synagog/hautrhin/r-z/soultz/hist-sz.htm Histoire de la Communauté israélite de Soultz (Haut-Rhin)]'', 1939 {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Rheni Superioris|Index communium praefecturae Rheni Superioris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Soultz-Haut-Rhin|Soultz-Haut-Rhin}} * [https://www.ville-soultz.fr/ Soultz-Haut-Rhin pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|68315|de=Soultz-Haut-Rhin}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=36719 De hoc communi apud Cassini] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Praefecturae Rheni Superioris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Rheni superioris]] h0taq7rpxzssnu5ncrugg8l9ud4yb3q 0 128130 3958361 3917887 2026-05-04T19:52:26Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et opus 3958361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Torcé (35) Église 01.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Torcé: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[paroecia]]lis [[Sanctus Medardus|Sancto Medardo]] dicata.]] {{res|Torcé}} ([[Lingua Britonica|Britonice]] ''Tourc'heg'') est commune {{formatnum:1281}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Illa et Vicinonia|Illae et Vicinoniae]] in [[Francia]]e occidentalis regione [[Britannia Minor]]e. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Illae et Vicinoniae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Torcé|Torcé}} {{Fontes geographici}} * {{opus|url=https://mairie-torce.fr/|titulus=Torcé pagina interretialis}} {{Ling|Francice}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ellae et Vicenoniae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ellae et Vicenoniae]] i7schr2aow1fwwd7591mkvkg9fetcu5 0 128338 3958350 3449431 2026-05-04T17:38:27Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958350 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Blason ville fr Cordemais (Loire-Atlantique).svg|thumb|200 px|Cordemais:vexillum]] ''' Cordemais''' ([[Lingua Britonica|Britonice]] '''Kordevez''') est commune 2864 incolarum (anno [[2008]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Liger Atlanticus|Ligeris Atlantici]] in [[Francia]]e occidentalis regione [[Pagi Ligeris (regio Franciae)|Pagis Ligeris]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Ligeris Atlantici]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cordemais|Cordemais}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110317194808/http://www.cordemais.fr/ Cordemais pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ligeris Atlantici]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ligeris Atlantici]] khmhfqgza0pexsi9v9hkhdlvyfu9s6e 0 128867 3958382 3201121 2026-05-05T03:58:14Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958382 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Diario Frontera''''' (nomen [[Hispanice|Hispanicum]]; 'Diarium finium') est [[diarium]] [[Venetiola]]num anno [[1978]] a [[Benedictus Monsalve|Benedicti Monsalve]] conditum, [[Emerita (Venetiola)|Emeritae]] [[Hispanice]] editum. Primo ''Diario Frontera'' die [[12 Augusti]] [[1978]] apparuit. ==Nexus externi== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120204120513/http://www.diariofrontera.com/ Situs proprius] {{Diarium-stipula}} [[Categoria:Diaria in Venetiola edita]] [[Categoria:Diaria Hispanice edita]] [[Categoria:Incepta 1978]] [[Categoria:Venetiola]] ewtpak93x32stmjsaw98gkwrzmaq1jy 0 148538 3958351 3461965 2026-05-04T17:43:41Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et nexus 3958351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus: Rue Principale Grand-Lucé.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Le Grand-Lucé: vici via prima, cum [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesiae]] [[Sanctus Facilis|Sancto Facili]] dicatae turris campanaria.]] {{res|Le Grand-Lucé}} est commune {{formatnum:1949}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sartha (praefectura Franciae)|Sarthae]] in [[Francia]]e occidentalis regione [[Pagi Ligeris (regio Franciae)|Pagis Ligeris]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sarthae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Le Grand-Lucé |Le Grand-Lucé }} {{INSEE commune|72143|de=Le Grand-Lucé}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sarthae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sarthae]] 3efmzqoq1bu17adkf5ch5368z8uk7j9 0 148729 3958362 3462010 2026-05-04T19:58:00Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et legenda imaginis 3958362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:72241-Bourg1.jpg |thumb|upright=0.8|left|Montfort-le-Gesnois: despectus in vicum, cum [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] dicata et castello.]] {{res|Montfort-le-Gesnois}} est commune {{formatnum:2939}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sartha (praefectura Franciae)|Sarthae]] in [[Francia]]e occidentalis regione [[Pagi Ligeris (regio Franciae)|Pagis Ligeris]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sarthae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat| Montfort-le-Gesnois | Montfort-le-Gesnois }} {{INSEE commune|72241|de=Montfort-le-Gesnois}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sarthae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sarthae]] jgamkri0mnumoir25cq1odi8oz7k1un 0 148809 3958359 3462037 2026-05-04T19:45:48Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et imago 3958359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Parigne - Eglise 01.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Parigné-l'Évêque: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] [[Assumptio]]nis dicatae.]] {{res|Parigné-l'Évêque}} est commune {{formatnum:5358}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sartha (praefectura Franciae)|Sarthae]] in [[Francia]]e occidentalis regione [[Pagi Ligeris (regio Franciae)|Pagis Ligeris]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sarthae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Parigné-l'Évêque|Parigné-l'Évêque}} {{INSEE commune|72231|de=Parigné-l'Évêque}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sarthae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sarthae]] sadhriff9a03up5m582puz37llkttcb 0 149023 3958360 3462098 2026-05-04T19:48:31Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et imago 3958360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Saint-Mars-la-Brière - Église Saint-Médard 01.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Saint-Mars-la-Brière: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Medardus|Sancto Medardo]] dicata.]] {{res|Saint-Mars-la-Brière}} est commune {{formatnum:2861}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sartha (praefectura Franciae)|Sarthae]] in [[Francia]]e occidentalis regione [[Pagi Ligeris (regio Franciae)|Pagis Ligeris]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sarthae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Saint-Mars-la-Brière| Saint-Mars-la-Brière}} {{INSEE commune|72300|de=Saint-Mars-la-Brière}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sarthae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sarthae]] lcmr3vsrjij2z9qr7e4msazprh2qhr0 0 152675 3958331 3027808 2026-05-04T12:30:54Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958331 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Munich - Staatliche Antikensammlungen 2.jpg|thumb|Staatliche Antikensammlungen ([[Monacum|Monaci]])]] '''Collectus antiquitatum publicus''' (''Staatlichen Antikensammlungen'') [[Monacum|Monaci]], antea ''Museum antiker Kleinkunst'' ("Museum arteficiorum parvorum antiquitatis"), sunt unum ex maximis [[Germania]]e museis [[Ars Graeca|artis Graecae]], [[Etrusci|Etruscae]] et [[Ars Romana|Romanae]]. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.antike-am-koenigsplatz.mwn.de/de/staatliche-antiken-sammlungen-muenchen.html Situs publicus]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{stipula}} [[Categoria:Musea Germanica]] [[Categoria:Monacum]] ot85md3vxj8nmglysfwwa87ml3hytoh 0 153858 3958340 3925892 2026-05-04T15:59:45Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958340 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Former logo of the European Council and Council of the European Union (2009).svg|thumb|Signum (anni 2009)]] [[File:Inscriptiones Iustus Lipsius.png|thumb|Inscriptiones ad aedificium [[Iustus Lipsius|Iusti Lipsii]], sedem Consilii [[Bruxellae|Bruxellis]] (dies initii finisque aedificationis indicantes)]] {{res|Consilium Unionis Europaeae}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120413034337/http://www.circulus.fr/didactica/lexica/europa.php Lexicon Circulus Latinus Lutetiensis: Thematicum Hodiernum Francogallice / Latine DE EUROPA - generaliter]</ref> est institutum [[Unio Europaea|Unionis Europaeae]]. Una cum [[Parlamentum Europaeum|Parlamento Europaeo]] Consilium est pars [[potestas legifera|potestatis legiferae]] Europaeae. Cum in Consilio Unionis Europaeae sint delegati [[rectio]]num Europaearum, parlementarii repraesentant populos Europaeos a quibus electi sunt. == Compositiones == In iure, Consilium unum est sed congregat in decem compositiones quae sunt: *res generales *res externae *res oeconomicae et fiscales *iustitia et res internae *munera, consilia sociales, salus et res consumptorum *capacitas concurrendi *commeatus, telecommunicatio et energia *agricultura et piscatus *oecologia *educatio, iuventus, cultura et lusus athletici Id est, administri agriculturae in compositione agriculturae et piscatus congregant, administri iustitiae in compositione iustitiae et rerum internarum etc. Nihilominus, quia in iure semper Consilium est, res quae disputationem non poscunt a aliqua compositione adoptari possunt (e.g. res oecologica ab administris iustitiae vel res commeatus ab administris educationis). == Munus praesidendi == Consilio rerum externarum [[Ministerium Europaeum a rebus exteris|legatus superior a rebus externis et de securitate]] praesidet (nisi de foederibus comercialibus agit). Aliter administer nationalis praesidet. In iure tres civitates de munere praesidendi in 18 mensibus decernent (e.g. de mense Iulii 2020 ad mensem Decembris 2021 [[Germania]], [[Lusitania]] et [[Slovenia]]), sed de facto una civitas in sex mensibus munus praesidendi habet (e.g. Germania de mense Iulii 2020 ad mensem Decembris 2020). == Modi suffragii == [[Fasciculus:Structure - Council of the European Union (2020).png|thumb|upright=0.8|27 administri nationales in Consilio sedem habent.]] Modi suffragii in Consilio terni sunt: maior pars simplex, maior pars qualificata et unanimitas. Maior pars simplex est maior pars membrorum Consilii, id est 14 in 27. Maior pars simplex ad res modi procedendi requisita est. Maior pars qualificata est assensio 55%<ref>72% si propositio nec a Commissione nec a legato superiore a rebus externis et de securitate oritur.</ref> civitatum sociarum quae 65% incolarum Unionis repraesentant. Nihilominus, minus quam quater civitates adoptionem vetare non possunt. Plurima [[Index actuum legiferorum Unionis Europaeae|actuum legiferorum]] nunc maiorem partem qualificatam poscunt. Unanimitas est si Consilium actum nemine contradicente adoptat, sed membra se abstinere possunt. Unanimitas in certis rebus difficilibus poscitur. Animadverte si unus administer assensit et alii se abstinent ita maiorem partem simplicem vel qualificatam non esse sed actum adoptatum esse si unanimitas ad eum poscitur. Propterea significatio abstentionis variat inter modos suffragii. (In situ interretiale Consilii [https://www.consilium.europa.eu/council-eu/voting-system/voting-calculator/ calculatrum suffragiorum]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} est, ubi maiores partes requisitas computare potes.) == Coreper et greges operarum == Actiones Consilii in ''Consilium [[Legatus (civilitas)|legatorum diplomaticorum]]'', notum acronymo ''Coreper'' (de verbis Francogallicis "''Co''mité des ''re''présentants ''per''manents"), praeparantur, ubi legati diplomatici civitatum sociarum apud Unionem congregant. Ante disputationem in Coreper res in gregibus operarum examinantur, ubi officiales ab administeriis nationalibus sunt qui congregant. == Administratio == [[Fasciculus:Thérèse Blanchet.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Theresia Blanchet||fr|qid=Q115639092}} ab anno 2022 secretaria generalis Consilii est.]] Administratio Consilii est munus secretariatus generalis. Secretariatui generali Consilii etiam est operas secretariales [[Consilium Europaeum|Consilii Europaei]] efficere. Fere 3000 operarios habet, inter quos tertia pars ad finem conversionis inter linguas. (Tabula praepositorum vides [https://web.archive.org/web/20190409122240/https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/35512/gsc-organisation-chart-en.pdf hic].) == Notae == <references /> ==Nexus externi== *[http://consilium.europa.eu/ Pagina officialis] {{Topica Unionis Europaeae}} [[Categoria:Instituta Unionis Europaeae]] {{Myrias|Societas}} ew9v6c7i9c32wwc7odagvle3bd2dzwm 0 158402 3958338 3453050 2026-05-04T15:21:05Z Kontributor 2K 172405 +{{capsa urbis Vicidata}} / Map commune 3958338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Map commune FR insee code 53259.png|thumb|upright=.7|left|Communis tabula.]] [[Fasciculus:Senonnes - Bourg - Eglise.JPG |thumb|Senonnes: ecclesia]] ''' Senonnes''' est commune 392 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) in parte australi [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Meduana (praefectura Franciae)|Meduanae]] in [[Francia]]e regione [[Pagi Ligeris (regio Franciae)|Pagis Ligeris]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Meduanae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Senonnes|Senonnes}} * {{INSEE commune|53259|de=Senonnes}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Meduanae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Meduanae]] imh55vycsdz5dhg8b61cf2neohz4m8j 0 164661 3958393 3957985 2026-05-05T04:26:37Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{res|Amadoddinus Ispahanensis}}, vulgo ''ʿImād al-Dīn al-Iṣfahānī'' (natus [[Aspadana|Aspadanis]] mense aut Iulio aut Octobri [[1125]]; [[Damascus|Damasci]] mortuus mense Iunio [[1201]]) fuit aulicus [[Nureddinus|Nureddini]] et [[Saladinus|Saladini]] et auctor historiarum et biographiarum. == Opera == * ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Historia maior Saladini|Al-barq al-Šāmī|ar|qid=Q12184385}}'' ("Historia maior Saladini") [http://bibliotecadigital.aecid.es/bibliodig/i18n/consulta/registro.cmd?id=1260 Fragmentum Arabice et Latine]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * ''Dīwān'' (carmina) * ''[[الفتح القسي في الفتح القدسي|Al-fatḥ al-qussī fī al-fatḥ al-qudsī]]'' (historia minor Saladini) * ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ḵarīdat al-qaṣr wa-jarīdat al-ʿaṣr|}}'' (de poetis) * ''Ḵaṭfat al-bāriq wa-ʿaṭfat al-šāriq'' * ''Niḥlat al-riḥla'' * ''[[Nuṣrat al-fatra wa-ʿuṣrat al-faṭra]]'' (historia Selgiukidarum) * ''al-ʿUtbā wa'l ʿuqbā'' == Bibliographia == * Donald S. Richards, "[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/emad-al-din-kateb ʿEmād-al-Dīn Kāteb, Abū ʿAbd-Allāh Moḥammad b. Moḥammad b. Ḥāmed Eṣfahānī]" in ''[[Encyclopaedia Iranica]]'' Vol. 8 fasc. 4 (1998) pp. 379-381 * Donald S. Richards, "ʿImād al-Dīn al-Isfahānī, administrator, litterateur and historian" in Maya Shatzmiller, ed., ''Crusaders and Muslims in Twelfth-Century Syria'' (Lugduni Batavorum: Brill, 1993. ISBN 90-04-09777-5) {{Google Books|uaL2goDhE3cC|Paginae selectae}} pp. 133-146 {{Bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Nati 1125]] [[Categoria:Mortui 1201]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Iraniae]] [[Categoria:Aulici]] [[Categoria:Biographi]] [[Categoria:Auctores Arabici]] [[Categoria:Saladinus]] 72qh31erg8i8njoz3aue1ycg052p49a 0 169131 3958356 3455613 2026-05-04T19:00:22Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958356 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 58088.png|thumb|300px|Coulanges-lès-Nevers: communis tabula]] '''Coulanges-lès-Nevers''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 3524 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Niver (praefectura Franciae)|Niveris]] in regione orientali [[Burgundia]] iuxta [[Nivernum]]. == Geographia == ''Coulanges-lès-Nevers'' est commune quod fluvius [[Niveris (tributarius Ligeris)|Niveris]] adluit. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Niveris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Coulanges-lès-Nevers|Coulanges-lès-Nevers}} * {{INSEE commune|58088|de=Coulanges-lès-Nevers}} * [http://www.coulanges-les-nevers.fr/ Coulanges-lès-Nevers pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Nivernae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Nivernae]] 130kxhmux3eien996uia5lhh67ewo7m 0 178180 3958337 3466248 2026-05-04T14:55:32Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958337 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Marie_de_condat.jpg |thumb|left|300px|Condat-sur-Vienne: [[vici conciliabulum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 87048.png|thumb|300px|Condat-sur-Vienne: communis tabula]] ''' Condat-sur-Vienne''' ([[Occitanice]] ''Condat'' ) est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 4'677 incolarum (anno [[2008]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vigenna Superior|Vigennae Superioris]] in provincia [[Lemovicensis (regio Franciae)|Lemovicensi]] {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vigennae Superioris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Condat-sur-Vienne|Condat-sur-Vienne}} * {{INSEE commune|87048|de=Condat-sur-Vienne}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220326135236/http://www.condatsurvienne.fr/ Condat-sur-Vienne pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vigennae Superioris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vigennae superioris]] 6ariio6rz8zov9431a3te09oq4c21mp 0 179350 3958383 3466007 2026-05-05T04:03:06Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958383 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 86095.png|thumb|300px|Dissay: communis tabula]] [[Fasciculus:Ch%C3%A2teaudissay.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Dissay: [[oppidum]] ]] ''' Dissay''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 2'966 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vigenna (praefectura Franciae)|Vigennae]] in provincia occidentali [[Pictaviensis et Carantoni|Pictaviensi et Carantoni]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vigennae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Dissay|Dissay}} * {{INSEE commune|86095|de=Dissay}} * [http://www.dissay.fr/ Dissay pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vigennae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vigennae]] fom7j20s7tbe898dsc4bkrkzcyiliin 0 188181 3958325 2690806 2026-05-04T12:01:34Z IacobusAmor 1163 Res fontibus caret. 3958325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Augenda|2026|5}} [[Fasciculus:Jöns Budde memorial.jpg|thumb|[[Monumentum]] Ioannis Andreae Budde prope ecclesiam [[Vallis Gratiae]].]] '''Ioannes Andreas Budde''' ([[Finnice]] ''Jöns Andersinpoika Budde,'' natus fortasse circa [[1437]], mortuus non ante quam [[1491]]) fuit [[monachus]] in [[monasterium|monasterio]] [[Vallis Gratiae]] et [[scriptor]] religiosus [[Finnia|Finnicus]]. Unus de primis scriptoribus notis fuit [[Litterae Finnicae|litterarum Finnicarum]], necnon unus de notissimis Finnicis [[medium aevum|medii aevi]]. Quando sit natus quandoque mortuus, manet incertum, sed prima mentio de eo ab anno [[1461]] invenitur, ultima autem a [[1491]]. ==De vita et scriptis== Anno 1461 mentio Ioannis Budde facta est, cum [[testis|testi]] in lite quadam functus sit. Quo tempore probabiliter non nisi [[novitiatus]] fuit; proximo demum anno Budde monachus proprius appellatus est. Tum debuit monachus annos 25 complevisse, quo fit ut si tardissime anno 1437 sit natus. Forte oriundus ex regione [[Ostrobothnia (provincia historica)|Ostrobothnia]] fuit, et [[Aboa]]e, immo vero peregre, ut credamus, studebat. In monasterio Vallis Gratiae scripta ex [[lingua Latina|Latina]] in [[Lingua Suecica|Suecicam]] conversit, e.g. [[legenda]]s [[sanctus|sanctorum]], nonnullos libros [[Biblia|Bibliorum]] ac 20 fere opera alia, quorum notissimum est ''Jöns Buddes bok'' (sc. Liber Ioannis Budde). Primus scriptor Finniae, etiamsi opera sua maximam partem fuerunt [[interpretatio|interpretationes]], habetur. Interpretationibus tamen suis ad communitatem valere conatus est; medio enim aevo opus interpretatoris magni fuit momenti, quoniam pauci litteras, pauciores quidem Latine sciverunt. ''Jöns Buddes bok'' solum opus principale est relictum; quod [[saeculum 18|saeculo octavo decimo]] in [[Ecclesia Cathedralis Aboensis|Cathedrali Aboensi]] inventa est, et porro translatum in bibliothecam regiam [[Holmia|Holmiensem]]. De relictis solummodo exemplaria conservata sunt, et biographia [[Birgitta de Suecia|Birgittae de Suecia]] nonnisi in descriptionibus [[Henricus Gabriel Porthan|Henrici Gabrielis Porthan]] noscitur, quia magno incendio Aboae deleta est anno [[1827]]. [[Categoria:Scriptores Finniae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Finnici]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 15]] [[Categoria:Mortui saeculo 15]] [[Categoria:Monachi]] bo7wj3c2mc2g7q5w1usz8u1gat0pz64 0 190137 3958380 3835555 2026-05-05T01:55:11Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958380 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:106 Conrad Cichorius, Die Reliefs der Traianssäule, Tafel CVI.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Mors Decebali in columna Traiana sculpta.]] '''Decebalus''' ([[Graece]] Δεκέβαλος; anno [[86]] regnare coepit, mortuus anno [[106]]) fuit rex [[Dacia|Daciorum]] qui longum bellum cum [[Romani|Romanis]] gessit ; ac primo [[Domitianus|Domitiano]] imperatore victorias rettulit, etiam [[Praefectus praetorio|praefecto praetorio]] [[Cornelius Fuscus|Cornelio Fusco]] occiso (anno [[86]]). Tandem a [[Traianus|Traiano]] victus, cum [[Explorator|exploratores]] Romani eum capturi essent, anno [[106]] sese ipse necavit<ref>[[Dio Cassius]] 68,14.</ref>. Quae scaena in [[Columna Traiana]] scalpta est<ref>Scaena CXLV</ref>, necnon altera scaena in qua Traianus caput recisum regis mortui militibus suis exhibet<ref>Scaena CXLVII.</ref>. E monumento [[Philippi|Philippis]] anno [[1965]] reperto novimus nomen decurionis alae Pannoniorum qui caput regis recidit atque Traiano reportavit : fuit quidam [[Tiberius Claudius Maximus]]<ref>*[[L'Année épigraphique|AE]] 1969/70, 00583 [https://web.archive.org/web/20171103101041/http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi.php?s_sprache=fr Textus :Cursus honorum Tiberii Claudii Maximi.] (in capsam "EDCS-ID" imprime "EDCS-09701197"). M. Speidel, ''[https://www.academia.edu/53893683/Tiberius_Claudius_Maximus_the_captor_of_the_Dacian_king_Decebalus_the_most_decorated_Roman_intelligence_officer The Captor of Decebalus]'', JRS 1970, pp142-153.</ref>. ==Fontes== *[[Dio Cassius]] libris 67 et 68 [[Historia Romana (Dio)|Historiae Romanae]] (''Excerpta Ursiniana'' 47-49, ''Excerpta Valesiana'' 281-284, 286-287, ''Epitome'' [[Iohannes Xiphilinus|Xiphilini]] 221, 229-234). *[[Plinius minor|Plinius]], libro decimo ''Epistularum'' 74.1. *[[Fasciculus:Decebalus sculpture.jpg|thumb]][[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' cap. VI. == Plura legere si cupis == *Christer Bruun, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctv2gjwxqd.14 The Legend of Decebalus]" in ''Roman Rule and Civic Life: Local and Regional Perspectives'', Lugduni Batavorum, 2004ː 153-176 *G. A. T. Davies, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/295582 Trajan's First Dacian War]", ''The Journal of Roman Studies'', 1917ː 74-97 *Janos Makkay, "[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-0092.1995.tb00067.x The treasures of Decebalus]", ''Oxford Journal of Archaeology'', 1995ː 333sqq. *Alexandre Simon Stefan, ''Les guerres daciques de Domitien et de Trajan : architecture militaire, topographie, images et histoire'', École française de Rome, 2005 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_2008_num_110_1_6746_t1_0338_0000_3 Recensio critica] [https://www.cairn.info/revue-histoire-urbaine-2009-1-page-141.htm Altera recensio critica] ** "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/mefr_0223-5102_2009_num_121_2_10903 Victoires et défaites en Gétie et en Dacie de Burébistas à Décébale, ou de César à Trajan]", ''Mélanges de l'école française de Rome'', 2009ː 431-461 ==Vide etiam== *[[Dacii (pellicula)]] == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> [[Categoria:Reges]] [[Categoria:Bella Dacica]] [[Categoria:Traianus]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 1]] [[Categoria:Mortui 106]] 9gua5w8bao5aq9abj030ounqtsfjlyu 0 193297 3958366 3431125 2026-05-04T21:00:46Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958366 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Blason_ville_fr_Cuisery_%28Sa%C3%B4ne-et-Loire%29.svg |thumb|250px|Cuisery: [[vexillum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 71158.png|left|thumb|250px| Cuisery: communis tabula]] ''' Cuisery ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'641 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Arar et Liger|Araris et Ligeris]] in regione [[Burgundia (regio Franciae)|Burgundia]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Araris et Ligeris|Indicem communium praefecturae Araris et Ligeris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cuisery |Cuisery }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110720213743/http://www.cuisery.fr/ Cuisery pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|71158|de=Cuisery}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Araris et Ligeris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Araris et Ligeris]] 9sps1sfm1hxyle2rjljnlodpns2gy3h 0 193466 3958406 3907917 2026-05-05T04:47:06Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958406 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Nations.svg|thumb|[[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] [[vexillum]]. ]] '''Dies mundi humanitaria''' est dies internationalis ad [[auxilium humanitarium]] promovendum a resolutione [[Communis Conventus (Consociatio Nationum)|Communis Conventu]] [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] (A/63/L49) die [[19 Augusti]] [[2009]] decreta. Origo diei est [[tromocratia]] [[Bagdatum|Bagdati]] anno [[2003]] effecta, quando viginti quattuor homines [[homicidium|necati]] sunt; inter eos [[Sergius Vieira de Mello|Sergio Vieira de Mello]] fuit. {{NexInt}} * [[Dies internationalis Crucis Rubrae et Lunae Rubrae]] * [[Dies internationalis pacis]] * [[Dies Iurum Humanorum]] * [[Humanitarianismus]] * [[Officium Coordinationis Rerum Humanitariarum]] == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200929234052/https://www.worldhumanitarianday.org/ Situs publicus] [[Categoria:Nationes Unitae]] [[Categoria:Ritus Augusti]] ovj13fq26uw0uhddmskpoj6rtv99ogr 0 199636 3958324 3592790 2026-05-04T11:59:16Z IacobusAmor 1163 Menda manent. 3958324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Conzano-torre1.jpg|thumb|Contianum]] '''Contianum'''<ref>''DIZIONARIO GEOGRAFICO'' - Di GOFFREDO CASALIS, Voll. V.V., Torino 1833-1854</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Contianum|i|n}} (alia nomina<ref>''DIZIONARIO GEOGRAFICO'' - Di GOFFREDO CASALIS, Voll. V.V., Torino 1833-1854</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref>: ''Conzanum'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Conzano|Conzano]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Pedemontium|Pedemontio]] et in [[Provincia Alexandrina]] situm. Incolae ''Contianenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> === Sententia === Sententia municipalis est: ''VINCET AMOR PATRIAE''. {{NexInt}} * [[Alexandria Statiellorum]] seu [[Alexandria a Palea]] == Nexus externi == * [http://www.comune.Conzano.al.it/ Pagina officialis] {{CommuniaCat|Conzano|Contianum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Cartina muta provincia al.JPG|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Alexandrina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Alexandriae]] taghsmg8a9oikjf2geapyd4udfy3muh 0 202301 3958381 3398102 2026-05-05T02:05:07Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-3}} '''Declaratio de iuribus indigenarum''' est declaratio [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] decreta die [[13 Septembris]] [[2007]] a resolutione [[Communis Conventus (Consociatio Nationum)|Communis Conventus]] (A/RES/61/295) ad [[iura humana]] [[indigenae|hominum indigenorum]] protegenda apud [[internationalis iurum humanorum lex|ius internationale de iuribus humanis]] etiam [[sui iuris]]. In comitiis Communis Conventus, 143 civitates admisserunt, 11 civitates abstinentes sunt et quattuor civitates: [[Australia]], [[Canada]], [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] et [[Nova Zelandia]] opposuerunt.<ref>[http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2007/ga10612.doc.htm Nunctio a Consociatio Nationum]</ref> Tamen [[Baracus Obama]], qui [[praeses Civitatum Foederatarum]] hoc tempore fuit, leges mutavit ut haec declaratio admitteretur. [[Declaratio et propositum Vindobonae]]<ref>[[Declaratio et propositum Vindobonae]], sectione II, paragraphus 29.</ref> iam formatio hae Declarationis dixit. == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Dies mundi indigenis]] * [[Iura minoritatum]] * [[Gens]] * [[Aetas Surrepta]] * [[Rigoberta Menchú Tum]] == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150626133452/http://undesadspd.org/IndigenousPeoples.aspx Situs Pulbicus Consociationis Nationum] [[Categoria:Decreta 2007]] [[Categoria:Gentes]] [[Categoria:Iura humana]] [[Categoria:Ius internationale]] [[Categoria:Nationes Unitae]] 00vg7eqtgy2m9u3xnafrcdnkkyj65n4 0 202871 3958343 3829758 2026-05-04T16:22:03Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3958343 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 09007.png|thumb|250px|Allières: communis tabula]] ''' Allières ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 76 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Arigia (praefectura Franciae)|Arigiae]] in regione [[Meridianum et Pyrenaeus|Meridiano et Pyrenaeo]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Arigiae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat| Allières |Allières }} * {{INSEE commune|09007|de=Allières}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Aurigerae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Aurigerae]] npazgp46du1h518fdk37p6afv92rf2g 0 204772 3958398 3957401 2026-05-05T04:30:40Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Robertus Lee Frost}} ([[26 Martii]] [[1874]]—[[29 Ianuarii]] [[1963]]) fuit [[poeta]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Americanus]]. Cuius opera primum in [[Anglia]] postea in [[America]] prolata sunt. Ob [[realitas|veritatem imitantes]] [[vita]]e [[rus]]ticae depictiones et eius facultatem humilis sermonis [[Americani]] scribendi magnopere laudatur.<ref name=britannica>{{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia= Encyclopædia Britannica | title=Robert Frost | url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9035504/Robert-Frost | edition=Online edition | year=[[2008]] | publisher= | accessdate=2008-12-21}}.</ref> In operibus suis saepe ad condiciones vitae rusticae in [[Nova Anglia]] [[saeculum 20|saeculo vicensimo]] ineunte recurrit, quibus utitur ad investiganda multa et varia [[thema (litterae)|themata]] [[societas humana|socialia]] et [[philosophia|philosophica]]. Ipse, unus ex populo gratissimis et a [[iudicium litterarium|criticis litterariis]] honoratis poetis saeculi vicensimi,<ref name="Stine 1983 110">Jean C. Stine, Bridget Broderick, et Daniel G. Marowski, eds., ''Contemporary Literary Criticism,'' vol. 26 (Detroiti: Gale Research, 1983), 110.</ref> saepe celebratus est vivus, quattuor [[Praemium Pulitzeranum|praemia Pulitzerana poesis]] accipiens, unus ex raris [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] "personis [[litterae|litterariis]] publicis, paene institutio [[ars|artisticus]]."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "public literary figures, almost an artistic institution,"</ref><ref name="Stine 1983 110"/> Ob opera poetica [[Index quorum Clipeum Aureum Congressionalem accipierunt|Clipeum Aureum Congressionalem]] anno [[1960]] accepit. == Vita == === Iuvenis === [[Fasciculus:Robertfrostfarm.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Robert Frost Farm (Derry, New Hampshire)|Robert Frost Farm]] in [[Derry, New Hampshire]], ubi multa suorum poematum duxit, inter quae "Tree at My Window" et "Mending Wall."]] Robertus Frost [[Franciscopolis|Franciscopoli]] [[California]]e natus est, [[pater|patre]] Gulielmo Prescott Frost minore, [[mater|matre]] Isabella Moodie.<ref name=britannica/> Mater fuit progenies [[Scoti]]ca, pater progenies Nicolai Frost ex [[Tivertonia]] [[Anglia]]e, qui ad [[Nova Hantonia|Novam Hantoniam]] in ''Wolfrana'' anno [[1634]] [[navigatio|navigaverat]]. Pater fuit praeceptor et deinde [[editor principalis|editor]] [[diarium|diarii]] ''San Francisco Evening Bulletin.'' Quo autem die [[5 Maii]] [[1885]] mortuo, [[familia]] trans [[continens|continentem]] ad [[oppidum Novae Angliae|oppidum]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Lawrence||en|qid=Q49163}} Massachusettae migravit, sub aegide Gulielmi Frost Senioris, Roberti avi, qui inspector in pistrino fuit. Robertus diploma Scholae Superioris Lawrence anno [[1892]] accepit.<ref>Eugene Ehrlich, et Gorton Carruth, ''The Oxford Illustrated Literary Guide to the United States,'' vol. 50 (Nobi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 1982, ISBN 0-19-503186-5).}</ref> Mater se cum [[Swedenborgianismus|ecclesia Swedenborgiana]] consociavit, et fecit ut Robertus in ea [[baptismus|baptizaretur]], sed adultus hanc [[ecclesia]]m reliquit. Frost, quamquam ob consociationem cum [[vita]] rustica notus, in [[urbs|urbe]] adolevit, et suum [[poema]] primum in [[periodicum|magazina]] [[schola superior|scholae superioris]] protulit. [[Collegium Dartmuthense]] tantum binos menses frequentavit. Frost [[domus|domum]] rediit ut doceat et varia opera quaerat, inter quae matrem ut [[puer]]os doceret adiuvans, [[diarium|diaria]] prodens, et in [[fabrica (officina)|fabrica]] filamentorum [[lumen|arciluminum]] [[carbo]]nis mutator laborans. Haec opera ei displicuerunt, quia credebat suum munus verum esse [[poesis]]. === Adultus === [[Fasciculus: Robert Frost NYWTS.jpg|thumb|Robertus Frost anno 1941 a Frederico Palumbo, photographo diarii ''[[New York World-Telegram]]'', lucis ope pictus ([[Bibliotheca Congressus Civitatum Foederatarum|Bibliotheca Congressus]])]] [[Fasciculus:Robert Frost NYWTS 5.jpg|thumb|Robertus Frost anno [[1959]] octogesimum quintum anniversarium suum celebrans, a Gualtero Albertin, photographo ''[[New York World-Telegram]]'', pictus ([[Bibliotheca Congressus Civitatum Foederatarum|Bibliotheca Congressus]]).]] Frost anno [[1894]] "My Butterfly. An Elegy," suum primum poema, [[quindecim]] [[dollarium|dollariis]] vendidit, in editione octava Novembris [[periodicum|magazinae]] ''New York Independent'' prolatum. Sibi sic placens, [[matrimonium]] Eleanorae Miriamae White proposuit, sed ea haesitabat, ut se cursum [[A.B.|baccalareatum]] in [[Universitas Sancti Laurentii|Universitate Sancti Laurentii]] ante matrimonium finiret. Frost tum iter ad [[Magna Palus Maestus|Magnam Paludem Maestam]] in [[Virginia]] fecit, et reditus iterum Eleanoram rogavit. Quae, nunc graduata, volens, coniuges in oppido [[Lawrence (Massachusetta)|Lawrence]] [[Massachusetta]]e die [[19 Decembris]] [[1895]] matrimonio coniuncti sunt. [[Fasciculus:Robert Frost's epitaph.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|"I had a lover's quarrel with the world." [[Epitaphium]] in sepulcro scalptum est pars poematis "The Lesson for Today."]] Frost [[Collegium Harvardianum]] ab 1897 ad 1899 frequentavit, sed studiis ob [[morbus|aegritudinem]] desistitit.<ref name="TutenZubizarreta2001">Nancy Lewis Tuten et John Zubizarreta, ''The Robert Frost Encyclopedia'' (Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-313-29464-8), 145: "Halfway through the spring semester of his second year, Dean Briggs released him from Harvard without prejudice, lamenting the loss of so good a student."</ref><ref name="Parini2000">{{cite book|author=Jay Parini|title=Robert Frost: A Life|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rHWqRHJiAlwC&pg=PA12-IA9|year=2000|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-8050-6341-7|pages=64–65}}.</ref><ref name="Meyers1996">Jeffrey Meyers, [http://books.google.com/books?id=aMxkAAAAMAAJ ''Robert Frost: A Biography'' (Novi Eboraci: Houghton Mifflin, 1996): "Frost remained at Harvard until March of his sophomore year, when he decamped in the middle of a term."</ref> Moribundus poetae [[avus]] [[Fundus Roberti Frost (Derae Novae Hantoniae)|fundum]] pro Roberto et Eleanorá in vico [[Derae (Nova Hantonia)|Deris]] [[Nova Hantonia|Novae Hantoniae]] emit, ubi Robertus fundum [[novem]] annos tractabat, cum multo mane multa componeret ex poematibus quae [[famosus|famosa]] fierent. Fundo tandem deficiente, Frost ad [[academia]]m revertus est, ac [[lingua Anglica|Anglicam]] in [[Academia Pinkertoniana]] in Nova Hantonia ab [[1906]] ad [[1911]], tum in Schola Normali Novae Hantoniae (nunc [[Universitas Civica Plimmutensis]]) in vico [[Plimmuta (Nova Hantonia)|Plimmuta]] Novae Hantioniae) docuit. [[Fasciculus:RobertFrost.jpg|thumb|[[Pittacium cursuale]] Civitatum Foederatatum Robertum Frost honoravit, [[1974]].]] Frost cum [[familia]] anno [[1912]] ad [[Magna Britannia|Magnam Britanniam]] [[navigatio|navigavit]], se primum [[Beaconsfield]] in [[oppidum|oppidulo]] extra [[Londinium]] consedens. Suus primus poematum [[liber]], ''[[A Boy's Will]],'' proximo anno prolatus est. In Anglia in homines magni momenti incidit, inter quos [[Eduardus Thomas]] (sodalis gregis [[Poetae Dymockenses]] appellati), [[T. E. Hulme]], et [[Ezra Pound]]. Quamquam Pound factus est primus [[Americanus]] qui commodam libri recognitionem protulit, Frost ad ultimum conatus Poundianos ad tractandam suam [[prosodia]]m [[America]]nam in malam partem accepit. Frost in multos suae aetatis poetas in [[Anglia]] incidit, praecipue postquam sua volumina poesis Londinii annis [[1913]] (''A Boy's Will'') et [[1914]] (''North of Boston'') prolata erant. [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum I|Magno Bello]] conflato, Frost ad Americam anno [[1915]] rediit, et fundum [[Franconia (Nova Hantonia)|Franconiae]] Novae Hantoniae emit, ubi cursum scribendi, docendi, acroases habendi coepit. Hoc domicilium familiare fuit domus [[aestas|aestiva]] usque ad [[1938]]. Hodie nomine [[The Frost Place]] conservatur, [[museum]] et locus conventuum poesi dicatorum. Per annos [[1916]]–[[1920]], [[1923]]–[[1924]], et [[1927]]–[[1938]], Frost [[lingua Anglica|Anglicam]] in [[Collegium Amherst|Collegio Amherst]] in Massachusetta docuit, discipulos insigniter adhortans ut ei sescentos fere [[sonus|sonos]] et [[tonus|intonationes]] [[lingua Anglica]]e dictae in eorum scriptis accommodarent. Talem accessum ad [[lingua]]m appellabat [[sonus|sonum]] [[sensus (biologia)|sensualem]] appellavit.<ref>[[Anglice]]: "the sound of sense."</ref><ref name="www.learner.org series57">[http://www.learner.org/resources/series57.html "Voices and Visions,"] in ''Robert Frost'' (Novi Eboraci: PBS, 1988).</ref> [[Fasciculus:Robert Frost's Grave.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Sepulcrum]] familiae Frostianae in Coemeterio Vetere [[Benningtonia]]no.]] Frost anno [[1924]], primum ex [[quattuor]] [[Praemium Pulitzeranum|praemia Pulitzerana]] abstulit ob librum ''New Hampshire: A Poem with Notes and Grace Notes.'' Alia praemia Pulitzerana comprobaverunt ''Collected Poems'' (1931), ''A Further Range'' (1937), et ''A Witness Tree'' (1943).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160104203419/http://www.pulitzer.org/bycat/Poetry Pulitzer Prize Website].</ref> Frost anno [[1940]] tractum [[ager (mensura)|agrorum]] quinque [[Miamia|Miamiae Meridianae]] [[Florida]]e situs emit, quod Pencil Pines ('[[Pinus|Pini]] [[stilus|stilorum]]') appellavit, ubi reliquium suae vitae [[hiems|hiemabat]].<ref>Helen Muir, ''Frost in Florida'' (Valiant Press, 1995, ISBN 0-9633461-6-4), 41.</ref> Inter suas proprietates etiam fuerunt [[Domus Roberti Frost|domus]] in Via Brewster [[Cantabrigia (Massachusetta)|Cantabrigiae]] [[Massachusetta]]e, quae hodie ad National Historic Register pertinet. Interdum [[Caio Os|Caionem Os]] visitavit, ubi de variis rebus cum [[Wallace Stevens]] iracunde disputavit. Frost, quamquam numquam gradum [[A.B.]] meruerat, plus quadraginta gradus [[academia|academicos]] honoris causa accepit, inter quos gradus ex [[universitas|universitatibus]] [[Universitas Princetoniensis|Princetonia]], [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Oxonia]], et [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Cantabrigiae]], ac Frost fuit solus homo qui duos gradus honorarios ex [[Collegium Dartmuthense|Collegio Dartmuthensi]] accepit. Poetá iam vivo, Schola Media Roberti Frost [[Fairfax (Virginia)|Fairfax]] in oppido [[Virginia]]e, Schola Robert L. Frost School [[Lawrence (Massachusetta)|Lawrence]] in oppido [[Massachusetta]]e, et maxima [[Collegii Amherst]] [[bibliotheca]] ex eo appellatae sunt. Frost anno [[1960]] [[Clipeus Aureus Congressionalis|Clipeum Aureum Congressionalem]] Civitatum Foederatarum accepit.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723055434/http://artandhistory.house.gov/house_history/goldMedal.aspx Office of the Clerk - U.S. House of Representatives, Congressional Gold Medal Recipients].</ref> Frost anno aetatis suae 86 poema notissimum "[[The Gift Outright]]" pro [[Ioannes F. Kennedy|Preside Ioanne F. Kennedy]] die [[20 Ianuarii]] [[1961]] inaugurato legit. [[Bostonia]]e obiit [[duo|binos]] annos post, die [[29 Ianuarii]] [[1963]]. [[Corpus]] in Coemeterio Vetere Bennington in oppido [[Bennington (Mons Viridis)|Bennington]] [[Mons Viridis|Montis Viridis]] sepultus est. [[Epitaphium]] ultimum versum poematis "The Lesson for Today" (1942) citat: "I had a lover's quarrel with the world." === Singula === Vita poetae plena fuit sollicitudinis, doloris, damni. Anno [[1885]], anno poetae aetatis [[undecim]]o, [[pater]] [[phthisis|phthisi]] obiit, tantum [[octo]] [[dollarium (CFA)|dollaria]] [[familia]]e relinquens. [[Mater]] [[cancer|cancro]] anno [[1900]] mortua est. Frost anno [[1920]] Jeanie [[soror]]em in [[valetudinarium]] committere debuit, ubi mortua est novem annos post. [[Morbus mentis]] ut videtur in [[familia]] abundabat: ipse et mater [[depressio (psychiatria)|depressione]] passi sunt, et Irma [[filia]] in [[valetudinarium]] commissa est anno [[1940]]. Elinor [[uxor]] tempora depressionis quoque passa est.<ref name = Frost/> Elinor et Robertus Frost [[sex]] liberos habuerunt: Elliot [[filius|filium]] (1896–1904, [[cholera]] mortuum); Lesley Frost Ballantine [[filia]] (1899–1983); Carolum filium (1902–1940, qui sibi [[mors|mortem]] conscivit); Irma filiam (1903–1967); Marjorie filiam (1905–1934, [[febris puerperis|febre puerpere]] mox post partum mortuam); et Elinor Bettina filiam (tres dies post partum anno 1907 mortuam). Soli Lesley et Irma patrem superfuerunt. [[Uxor]] poetae, quae [[morbus|morbum]] [[apparatus circulatorius|apparatus circulatorii]] omnem per [[vita]]m passa erat, [[cancer mammae|cancroque mammae]] anno [[1937]] adfecta, [[defectio cordis|defectione cordis]] anno [[1938]] obiit.<ref name="Frost">Robert Frost, ''Collected Poems, Prose, & Plays,'' ed. Richard Poirier et Mark Richardson, (Novi Eboraci: Library of America, 1995, ISBN 1-883011-06-X), The Library of America, no. 81.</ref> == Opera == === Modus et responsum criticum === [[Randall Jarrell]], poeta et [[iudicium litterarium|criticus]], poemata Frostiana saepe laudavit, qui scripsit: "Robert Frost, cum [[Wallace Stevens|Stevens]] et [[T. S. Eliot|Eliot]], mihi videtur maximus ex [[Americani]]s huius [[saeculum|saeculi]] poetis. Suae [[virtus|virtutes]] sunt extraordinariae. Nemo poeta vivus tam bene de factis hominum communium scripsit; eius mirabiles [[monologus|monologi dramatici]] vel [[scaena|scaenae dramaticae]] ex [[intellegentia]] hominum quam paucis poetis fuerunt, et [[versus|versibus]] componuntur qui, aliquando absolutam victoriam monstrantes, [[rhythmus|rhythmis]] verae [[oratio]]nis utuntur."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "Robert Frost, along with [[Wallace Stevens|Stevens]] and [[T. S. Eliot|Eliot]], seems to me the greatest of the American poets of this century. Frost's virtues are extraordinary. No other living poet has written so well about the actions of ordinary men; his wonderful dramatic monologues or dramatic scenes come out of a knowledge of people that few poets have had, and they are written in a verse that uses, sometimes with absolute mastery, the rhythms of actual speech."</ref> Etiam laudavit "gravitatem et probitatem Frostianas," dicens Frost praesertim esse sollertem latitudinis [[experientia]]e humanae in poematibus repraesentatae.<ref>Randall Jarrell, "Fifty Years of American Poetry" in ''No Other Book: Selected Essays'' (Novi Eboraci: HarperCollins, 1999).</ref> Scripta Jarrelliana comprehendunt commentarios "Robert Frost's 'Home Burial'" (1962), qui consistit in attenta illius poematis lectione dilata, et "To The Laodiceans" (1952), in quo Jarrell poetam defendit contra [[iudicium litterarium|criticos litterarios]] qui Frost accusaverat quod nimis "translaticius" et [[modernismus|poesis modernisticae]] insuetus fuisset. Jarrell scripsit: "usitatae poesis Frostianae investigatae rationes sunt immanes simplificationes, distortiones, falsificationes: bene scire eius poesim debet satis, per se, ullas dispellere, et necessitatem patefacere alius viae inveniendae de operibus eius disceptare."<ref>[[Anglice]] "the regular ways of looking at Frost's poetry are grotesque simplifications, distortions, falsifications—coming to know his poetry well ought to be enough, in itself, to dispel any of them, and to make plain the necessity of finding some other way of talking about his work."</ref> Et lectiones attentae Jarrellianae poematis "Neither Out Too Far Nor In Too Deep" aliorumque poematum lectores iudicesque duxerunt ad percipiendum plus rerum multiplicium in poesi Fristiana.<ref>Randall Jarrell, "To The Laodiceans" in ''No Other Book: Selected Essays'' (Novi Eboraci: HarperCollins, 1999).</ref><ref>Randall Jarrell, "Robert Frost's 'Home Burial'" in ''No Other Book: Selected Essays'' (Novi Eboraci: HarperCollins, 1999).</ref> [[Brad Leithauser]] in praefatione libri Jarrelliani ait, "'alius' Frost quem Jarrel post comem et domesticum [[Nova Anglia|Novae Anglicae]] rusticum discrevit—Frost 'obscurum', qui desperatus, territus, fortis erat—Frost factus est quem nos omnes agnoscere didicimus, et poemata vix nota quae Jarrell pro basi canonis Frostianae elegit nunc in plurimis [[anthologia|anthologiis]] inveni possunt."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "The 'other' Frost that Jarrell discerned behind the genial, homespun New England rustic—the 'dark' Frost who was desperate, frightened, and brave—has become the Frost we've all learned to recognize, and the little-known poems Jarrell singled out as central to the Frost canon are now to be found in most anthologies."</ref><ref>Brad Leithauser, "Introduction," in ''No Other Book: Selected Essays'' (Novi Eboraci: HarperCollins, 1999).</ref><ref>Cary Nelson, ''Anthology of Modern American Poetry'' (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-19-512270-4), 84.</ref> Jarrell Frostiana perscribit poemata quae putat superbissima, inter quae "The Witch of Coös," "Home Burial," "A Servant to Servants," "Directive," "Neither Out Too Far Nor In Too Deep," "Provide, Provide," "Acquainted with the Night," "After Apple Picking," "Mending Wall," "The Most of It," "An Old Man's Winter Night," "To Earthward," "Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening," "Spring Pools," "The Lovely Shall Be Choosers," "Design," et "Desert Places."<ref>Randall Jarrell, "Fifty Years of American Poetry" (HarperCollins, 1999).</ref> Carolus McGrath [[iudicium litterarium|iudex litterarius]] anno [[2003]] observavit [[iudicium litterarium|iudicia litteraria]] poesis Frostianae in annos mutata est (ut sua imago publica mutata est). In commentario "The Vicissitudes of Literary Reputation," McGrath scripsit: "Robert Frost . . . tempore [[mors|mortis]] anno [[1963]] plerumque habebatur plebeius Novae Angliae. . . . Anno [[1977]], tertium [[biographia]]e Laurentii Thompson [[volumen]] proposuit Frost fuisse opus multo turpius quam aliquis animo finxerat; paucos annos post, ob aestimationes novas iudicum sicut Gulielmus H. Pritchard et [[Haroldus Bloom]], et poetarum iuvenum sicut [[Iosephus Brodsky]], resiluit, hoc tempore [[modernismus|modernista]] frigidus et implacabilis."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "Robert Frost . . . at the time of his death in 1963 was generally considered to be a New England folkie. . . . In 1977, the third volume of Lawrance Thompson's biography suggested that Frost was a much nastier piece of work than anyone had imagined; a few years later, thanks to the reappraisal of critics like Gulielmus H. Pritchard and Harold Bloom and of younger poets like Joseph Brodsky, he bounced back again, this time as a bleak and unforgiving modernist."</ref><ref>Charles McGrath, "The Vicissitudes of Literary Reputation," ''The New York Times Magazine,'' [[15 Iunii]] [[2003]].</ref> [[Editor principalis|Editores]] [[Ricardus Ellmann]] et Robertus O'Clair in ''The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry'' comparaverunt unicum poetae modum cum operibus poetae [[Eduinus Arlington Robinson|Eduini Arlington Robinson]] quia ambo poetae locis in Nova Anglia in eorum poematibus uti solebant; ei autem dicunt poesim Frostianam fuisse "minus [prudens] litterariam," fortasse ob pondus [[Thomas Hardy]], [[Gulielmus Butler Yeats|Gulielmi Butler Yeats]], et aliorum [[scriptor]]um [[Anglia|Anglicorum]] et [[Hibernia|Hibernicorum]]. Praeterea dicunt poemata Frostiana "exhibere felicem contentionem totius sermonis quotidiani"<ref>[[Anglice]]: "show a successful striving for utter colloquialism."</ref> et semper familiaria manere conantur cum formis usitatis uterentur, contra inclinationem poesis Americanae ad [[versus liber|versum liberum]], quem Frost insigniter dixit esse "sicut [[tenisia]] sine rete lusa."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "like playing tennis without a net."</ref><ref name="Ellman 1988.">Richard Ellman et Robert O'Clair, ''The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry,'' ed. 2a (Novi Eboraci: Norton, 1988).</ref> [[Societas Fundata Poesis]] eandem sententiam in explicatione stili Frostiani defendit, eius opera ponens "ad quadrivium poesis Americanae [[saeculum 19|saeculi undevicensimi]] [de usu formarum a maioribus traditarum] et [[modernismus|modernismi]] [in usu proprietatum linguae<!--idioms--> et materiae usitatae et quotidianae]."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "at the crossroads of nineteenth-century American poetry [with regard to his use of traditional forms] and modernism [with his use of idiomatic language and ordinary, every day subject matter]."</ref> Ei etiam observant Frost credidisse [[metrum]] in forma finitum<ref>[[Anglice]]:"the self-imposed restrictions of meter in form."</ref> fuisse plus utile quam noxium, quia animum ad materiam suorum poematum attendere potuit pro sollicitudine novarum formarum versuum creatarum.<ref>[http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/robert-frost "Robert Frost,] www.poetryfoundationlorg (Societatis Fundatae Poesis.</ref> === [[Thema (litterae)|Themata]] === Editores libri ''Contemporary Literary Criticism'' aiunt: "Optimum opus Frostianum principales [[exsistentia]]e quaestiones investigat, [[solitudo|solitudinem]] singuli in [[universum|universo]] neglegente hominis algore terribili depingens."<ref name="Stine 1983 110 129">''Contemporary Literary Criticism,'' ed. Jean C. Stine, Bridget Broderick, et Daniel G. Marowski (Detroiti: Gale Research, 1983, vol. 26), 110–129.</ref> Criticus T. K. Whipple hoc frigus in opere Frostiano vehementius dixit, cum diceret: "in multo eius operis, praecipue in ''North of Boston,'' suo libro asperrimo, obscuram vitae in Nova Anglia rustica scaenam vehementius dicit, ubi dedecus saepe in [[insania]] tota conlabitur." <ref name="Stine 1983 110 129"/> E contrario, [[Harrietta Monroe]], conditor et [[editor principalis|editor]] magazinae ''[[Poetry (magazina)|Poetry]],'' rustica [[Nova Anglia|Novae Angliae]] [[persona]] in operibus Frostianis vehementius dixit cum scriberet: "fortasse nemo poeta alius in nostra [[historia]] optimum ingenii Yankee tam plane in libro posuit."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "perhaps no other poet in our history has put the best of the Yankee spirit into a book so completely."</ref><ref name="Stine 1983 110 129"/> Observavit praeterea frequentem locorum rusticorum vitaeque agrariae usum, et ei placebat quod Frost in his poematibus "effectu humano ad rationes [[natura]]e exhibito maxime delectatur."<ref>[[Anglice]]: "showing the human reaction to nature's processes."</ref> Ea etiam dicit, cum poemata [[narratio|narrativa]] Frostiana in [[persona|personis]] condita saepe [[satura|satirica]] sint, Frost ipsum "humorem misericordem" semper habere, qui ad suas res spectat.<ref name="Stine 1983 110 129"/> == Praemia Pulitzerana == * 1924, ''New Hampshire: A Poem With Notes and Grace Notes'' * 1931, ''Collected Poems'' * 1937, ''A Further Range'' * 1943, ''A Witness Tree'' == Opera selecta == === Congeries poematum === * ''A Boy's Will'' (David Nutt 1913; Holt, 1915)<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/117/ Frost, Robert. 1915. A Boy's Will]</ref> * ''North of Boston'' (David Nutt, 1914; Holt, 1914) ** "Mending Wall" * ''Mountain Interval'' (Holt, 1916) ** "The Road Not Taken" * ''Selected Poems'' (Holt, 1923)<!-- :Includes poems from first three volumes and the poem ''The Runaway''--> * ''New Hampshire'' (Holt, 1923; Grant Richards, 1924) * ''Several Short Poems'' (Holt, 1924)[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1389446?tab=details] * ''Selected Poems'' (Holt, 1928) * ''West-Running Brook'' (Holt, 1928? 1929) * ''The Lovely Shall Be Choosers,'' ''The Poetry Quartos,'' a Paulo Johnston adumbrata et impressa (Random House, 1929) * ''Collected Poems of Robert Frost'' (Holt, 1930; Longmans, Green, 1930) * ''The Lone Striker'' (Knopf, 1933) * ''Selected Poems: Third Edition'' (Holt, 1934) * ''Three Poems'' (Baker Library, Collegium Dartmuthense, 1935) * ''The Gold Hesperidee'' (Bibliophile Press, 1935) * ''From Snow to Snow'' (Holt, 1936) * ''A Further Range'' (Holt, 1936; Cape, 1937) * ''Collected Poems of Robert Frost'' (Holt, 1939; Longmans, Green, 1939) * ''A Witness Tree'' (Holt, 1942; Cape, 1943) * ''Come In, and Other Poems'' (1943) * ''Steeple Bush'' (Holt, 1947) * ''Complete Poems of Robert Frost'', 1949 (Holt, 1949; Cape, 1951) * ''Hard Not To Be King'' (House of Books, 1951) * ''Aforesaid'' (Holt, 1954) * ''A Remembrance Collection of New Poems'' (Holt, 1959) * ''You Come Too'' (Holt, 1959; Bodley Head, 1964) * ''In the Clearing'' (Holt Rinehart & Winston, 1962) * ''The Poetry of Robert Frost'' (Novi Eboraci, 1969) * ''A Further Range'' (''Further Range'' impressa 1926, ''New Poems'' ab Holt, 1936; Cape, 1937) * ''What Fifty Said'' * ''Fire And Ice'' * ''A Drumlin Woodchuck'' === Ludi scaenici === * ''A Way Out: A One Act Play'' (Harbor Press, 1929) * ''The Cow's in the Corn: A One Act Irish Play in Rhyme'' (Slide Mountain Press, 1929). * ''A Masque of Reason'' (Holt, 1945) * ''A Masque of Mercy'' (Holt, 1947) === Libri orationis solutae === * ''The Letters of Robert Frost to Louis Untermeyer'' (Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1963; Cape, 1964). * ''Robert Frost and John Bartlett: The Record of a Friendship'', by Margaret Bartlett Anderson (Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1963). * ''Selected Letters of Robert Frost'' (Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1964). * ''Interviews with Robert Frost'' (Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1966; Cape, 1967). * ''Family Letters of Robert and Elinor Frost'' (State University of New York Press, 1972). * ''Robert Frost and Sidney Cox: Forty Years of Friendship'' (University Press of New England, 1981). * ''The Notebooks of Robert Frost'', edited by Robert Faggen (Harvard University Press, Ianuario 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20091126114836/http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/FRONOT.html] === Omnibus volumes === * ''Collected Poems, Prose and Plays.'' [[1995]]. Ed. Richard Poirier. Library of America. ISBN 978-1-883011-06-2. === Verba dicta === * ''Robert Frost Reads His Poetry.'' [[1957]]. Caedmon Records TC1060. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * ''Burlington Free Press.'' [[2008]]. [http://www.burlingtonfreepress.com "Vandalized Frost house drew a crowd."] 8 Ianuarii. * Frost, Robert. [[1995]]. [http://www.ketzle.com/frost/frostbio.htm ''Collected Poems, Prose, & Plays.''] Ed. Richard Poirier et Mark Richardson. Library of America. ISBN 1-883011-06-X. * Meyers, Jeffrey. 1996. ''Robert Frost: a biography''. Bostoniae: Houghton Mifflin. * Poirier, Richard. [[1960]]. [http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/4678/the-art-of-poetry-no-2-robert-frost Robert Frost, The Art of Poetry No. 2.] ''The Paris Review'' (aestate-autumno). * Pritchard, William H. [[2000]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081216111024/http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/frost/life.htm ''Frost's Life and Career.''] * Taylor, Welford Dunaway. [[1996]]. ''Robert Frost and J. J. Lankes: Riders on Pegasus.'' Hanoveriae Novae Hantoniae: Dartmouth College Library. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Robert Frost|Robertum Frost}} * [http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/192 Biographia et poemata] (Academia Poetarum Americanorum) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081016003540/http://oyc.yale.edu/english/modern-poetry/content/sessions/lecture02.html Acroasis de Roberto Frost Yalensis] * [http://www.poetryfoundation.org/archive/poet.html?id=2361 Biographia et poemata] (Societas Fundata Poesis) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081216122138/http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/frost/frost.htm Biographia] (Poesis Americana Hodierna) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090612052023/http://www.joneslibrary.org/specialcollections/collections/frost/frost_print.html#contact Congeries Roberti Frost] (Bibliotheca Jonesiana, Amherst Massachusettae) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111028162544/http://asteria.fivecolleges.edu/findaids/amherst/ma181_main.html Congeries Roberti Frost,] asteria.fivecolleges.edu (Archiva et Congeries Praecipuae Collegii Amherst) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120614031002/http://www.frostplace.org/ The Frost Place] (museum et locus conventuum poesi dicatorum, Franconiae Novae Hantoniae) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060508122448/http://midddigital.middlebury.edu/local_files/robert_frost/index.html Robertus Frost apud Bread Loaf] (Collegium Middleburiense) * [http://robertfrostfarm.org Robert Frost Farm] (Derriae Novae Hantoniae) * [http://www.frostfoundation.org Societas Fundata Frostiana] * {{worldcat id|id=lccn-n79-5644}} * [http://town.hall.org/radio/HarperAudio/012294_harp_ITH.html Robertus Frost poemata legit (1956)] (Harper Audio) {{DEFAULTSORT:Frost, Robertus}} {{Myrias|Homines}} {{FA stella}} [[Categoria:Nati 1874]] [[Categoria:Mortui 1963]] [[Categoria:Alumni Collegii Dartmuthensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Harvardianae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Incolae Montis Viridis]] [[Categoria:Incolae Novae Hantoniae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Poetae formalistae]] [[Categoria:Poetae laureati Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Praemium Pulitzer]] [[Categoria:Professores Collegii Amherstiensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Collegii Medioburiensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Novae Scholae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Harvardianae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Michiganensis]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Scriptores scaenici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Sodales Societatis Philosophicae Americanae]] eeemyv60ug2pr6jz13nmvh61030db03 0 205690 3958335 3797872 2026-05-04T13:12:48Z Archaeocursor 206441 /* */ Nomen Latinum 3958335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Movenda | Ariel Šaron}} [[Fasciculus:Ariel Sharon, by Jim Wallace (Smithsonian Institution).jpg|thumb|200 px|Ariel Scharon (anno [[1998]])]] '''Ariel Sharon''' (natus ''Ariel Scheinermann'' in [[Kfar Malal]] die [[27 Februarii]] [[1928]]; mortuus in [[Tel Hashomer]], [[Ramat Gan]] die [[11 Ianuarii]] [[2014]]) fuit [[generalis]] et [[politicus]] [[Israel]]ianus, qui ab anno [[2001]] ad annum [[2006]] Israelis [[primus minister]] fuit. A die [[6 Ianuarii]] [[2006]] propter [[Ictus (morbus)|ictum]] in sopore erat. == Biographia == Ariel Sharon, cuius nomen familiae Scheinermann fuerat, totam vitam suam patriae devovit. Natus est in [[Palaestina]] anno [[1928]] [[Imperium Britannicum|Britannis]] imperantibus, ex familia profugorum [[Iudaei|Iudaicorum]] qui ex [[Russia Alba]] Terram Promissam petiverant; bello contra [[Iordania|Iordanos]] milites anno [[1948]] animose interfuit, deinde stipendia continenter meruit usque ad bella annis [[1967]] ([[Bellum Sex Dierum]]) et [[1973]] (Bellum Kippurense) pugnata, res gestas tanta virtute ducens ut "Dei Leo" appellaretur. Illo tempore etiam reipublicae administrandae se dicavit, sellam senatoriam obtinens pro factione dextera [[Likud]]. Anno [[1982]] ut minister rei bellicae [[Libanus|Libanum]] occupari iussit, armatos [[Consociatio pro Liberatione Palaestinae|Societatis ad Liberandam Palaestinam]] (OLP) prosequens qui [[Berytus|Beryti]] et in Libano meridionali confugerant; mense Septembri eiusdem anni perpetrata est caedes immanis Palaestinensium a militiis Christianis in oppidis Sabra et Shatila, exercitu Israëliano conscio: quod plerisque studiosis labes Arielis Sharon putatur. Anno [[2000]] die [[28 Septembris]] cum magna turba deambulavit in loco [[Hierosolyma|Hierosolymitano]] et Iudaeis et [[Muslimus|Muslimis]] sacrato, quem alteri [[Mons Templi|Montem Templi]] (Har haBáyit) alteri [[Meschita Extrema|Meschitam Extremam]] (al-Masjid al-Aqsa) appellant: inde vehemens rebellio Palaestinensium exorta est, cui ipse anno subsequenti ut minister primarius finem imponere conatus est. Postea longum murum defensionis causa exstruendum curavit iuxta fines regionis cis [[Iordanis|Iordanem]] flumen; anno [[2005]] inexspectate copias colonosque Israëlianos ex [[Gaza]]e zona revocavit, dissensiones in asseclas suos suscitans. Eodem anno partem [[Likud]] dereliquit, novam factionem moderatiorem [[Kadima]] vocatam condens. Sed inopinate graviter affectus, in [[nosocomium|nosocomio]] sui inconscius usque ad hunc diem mansit. Post diuturnum [[coma]] die [[11 Ianuarii]] [[2014]] obiit anno 85 vitae suae agens Ariel Sharon, qui ante octo annos ictu cerebri, dein cerebri [[haemorrhagia]] percussus erat neque amplius ab illo die convaluerat, vivus suique inconscius.<ref>[http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/nuntius.php?id=913 Ephemeris Nuntii Latini Universi]</ref> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> == Bibliographia == * Robert Assaraf, ''Ariel Sharon et ses batailles politiques''. Lutetiae: J.-C. Gawsewitch, 2006. ISBN 2-35013-064-9 * Uri Dan, ''Ariel Sharon: an intimate portrait''. Londinii: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-7790-9 * Freddy Eytan, ''Sharon: le bras de fer''. Lutetiae: Picollec, 2006. ISBN 2-86477-221-3 * Norman H. Finkelstein, ''Ariel Sharon''. Minneapoli: Lerner, 2005. ISBN 0-8225-9523-0 {{Google Books|Ac3bGy3-ivcC|Paginae selectae}} * Nir Hefez, Gadi Bloom, הרועה - סיפור חייו של אריאל שרון . Tel Aviv, 2005. ISBN 965-511-202-0 ** — ; Mitch Ginsburg, interpr., ''Ariel Sharon: A Life''. Novi Eboraci: Random House, 2006. ISBN 1-4000-6587-9 * [[Baruch Kimmerling]], ''Politicide: Sharon’s War Against the Palestinians''. Londinii: Verso, 2003. ISBN 978-1-85984-517-2 {{Google Books|TE8oCW2J2F4C|Paginae selectae}} * Luc Rosenzweig, ''Ariel Sharon''. Lutetiae: Perrin, 2006. ISBN 2-262-02411-1 * Ariel Sharon, David Chanoff, ''Warrior: The Autobiography of Ariel Sharon''. Novi Eboraci: Simon & Schuster, 2001. ISBN 0-671-60555-0 * Gilad Sharon, שרון: חייו של מנהיג . Tel Aviv, 2011 ** — ; Mitch Ginsburg, interpr., ''Sharon: The Life of a Leader''. Novi Eboraci: HarperCollins, 2011. ISBN 978-0-06-172150-2 == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ariel Sharon|Ariel Sharon}} * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20180815042759/http://www.ariel-sharon-life-story.com/ Ariel Sharon - Life Story]'' {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.sharon.org.il Situs officialis] {{Ling|Hebraice}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070703022204/http://www.israel-mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2003/2/Ariel%20Sharon Vita] apud Ministerium Rerum Externarum Israëlis {{Primi Ministri Israelis}} {{Ministri rerum externarum Israelis}} {{Lifetime|1928|2014|Sharon, Ariel}} [[Categoria:Politici Israelis]] [[Categoria:Primi ministri Israelis]] [[Categoria:Milites Israelis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Hebraicae Hierosolymitanae]] sbqk6zcldmxqmkkhkvadmfmzy7wr56i 0 210801 3958358 3436489 2026-05-04T19:38:39Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958358 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Cravans eg.JPG|thumb|Cravans: [[ecclesia]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 17133.png|thumb|left|250px|Cravans: communis tabula]] ''' Cravans ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 739 incolarum (anno [[2011]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Carantonus Maritimus|Carantoni Maritimi]] in regione occidentali [[Pictaviensis et Carantoni]]s . {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Carantoni Maritimi|Indicem communium praefecturae Carantoni Maritimi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat| Cravans | Cravans }} * {{INSEE commune|17133|de=Cravans}} * [http://www.cravans.fr/ Cravans pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Carantoni Maritimi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Carantoni maritimi]] rlsdle859fvv1d1ria21ahtis4vqp4g 0 217763 3958357 3439901 2026-05-04T19:03:41Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958357 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Coulounieix_Maladrerie_%2811%29.jpg |thumb|250 px|Coulouniex-Chamiers: [[leprosarium]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 24138.png|thumb|left|250px| Coulouniex-Chamiers: communis tabula]] ''' Coulouniex-Chamiers ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 8'151 incolarum (anno [[2011]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Duranius (praefectura Franciae)|Duranii]] in regione [[Aquitania (regio Franciae)|Aquitania]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Duranii|Indicem communium praefecturae Duranii]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Coulounieix-Chamiers|Coulouniex-Chamiers}} * [http://www.coulounieix-chamiers.fr/ Coulouniex-Chamiers pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{INSEE commune|24138|de=Coulouniex-Chamiers}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Dordoniae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Dordoniae]] ma9j42kno49oz974wh7gyxsc34b2rdg 0 220065 3958396 3901494 2026-05-05T04:29:46Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958396 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Nelson Mandela-2008 cropped.jpg|thumb|Nelson Mandella anno 2008. ]] '''Dies Mandelana'''{{FD ref}} est [[dies]] internationalis in [[honos|honorem]] [[Nelson Mandela]], qui provectus [[iustitia socialis|iustitiam socialem]] [[tolerantia]]mque nec non [[diversitas culturae|diversitatem]] impugnet [[paupertas|paupertatem]] et [[discriminatio]]nes iniustas. Celebratur die [[18 Iulii]]<ref>Ratio dies [[natalis]] Nelson Mandela est.</ref> quotannis per decretum 4 Novembris anni 2009 [[conventus generalis (Nationes Unitae)|conventus generalis Nationum Consociationis]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230510092428/http://www.worldlii.org/int/other/UNGARsn/2009/64.pdf Resolutio 64/13 de Die Mandelae]</ref> Proposuit praeterea conventus sexaginta et septem quos degebat Mandela annos in [[iurum humanorum defensor|defendendis iuribus civilibus]] totidem hoc die quadrare [[Minutum|minutis]] temporis [[momentum silentii|silentio]] commemoriaque et [[beneficentia]] peractis. ==Notae== <references/> {{NexInt}} *[[Altruismus]] *[[Dies internationalis beneficentiae]] == Nexus externi == * [http://www.un.org/en/events/mandeladay/ Situs publicus] [[Categoria:Decreta 2009]] [[Categoria:Nationes Unitae]] [[Categoria:Nelson Mandela]] [[Categoria:Ritus Iulii]] sp9a5p2qn5rgxpxhcgo26qbl7ak180o 0 223231 3958420 3767082 2026-05-05T11:36:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958420 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Union Park Congregational Church and Carpenter Chapel Chicago IL.jpg|thumb|[[Templum]] Congregationale [[Sicagum|Siacgi]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]].]] [[Fasciculus:Elsternwick Congregational Church, exterior (2).jpg|thumb|Templum Congregationale Elsternwicense (1894–1977); Orrong Road, [[Elsternwick (Victoria)|Elsternwick]] [[Victoria]]e [[Australia]]e.<ref>[http://vhd.heritage.vic.gov.au/places/heritage/35582 Victorian Heritage Database: Former Union Church: corner Orrong Road and King Street, Elsternwick (foundation stone laid 1889)] [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=-37.883517,145.006273&sll=-37.883517,145.006273&sspn=0.011787,0.021973&g=84-86+Orrong+Road,+Elsternwick,+Victoria,+Australia&ie=UTF8&ll=-37.883517,145.00627&spn=0.001473,0.002747&z=19]</ref>]] [[Fasciculus:'A Missionary Preaching to the Natives, under a Skreen of platted Cocoa-nut leaves at Kairua' by William Ellis.jpg|thumb|[[Gulielmus Ellis (missionarius)|Gulielmus Ellis]] ad indigenas praedicat, [[Havaii]]s, circa [[1823]].]]<!-- [[Fasciculus:Congregational Church, from Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views.jpg|right|thumb|Templum Congregational [[Detroitum|Detroiti]] [[Michigania]]e (1880).]]--> [[Fasciculus:First Congr Church of Ceredo WV.jpg|thumb|Templum Congregationale in [[vicus|vico]] [[Ceredo]] [[Virginia Occidentalis|Virginiae Occidentalis]].]] [[Fasciculus:CoralGablesCongregationalChurch.jpg|thumb|Templum Congregationale in oppido [[Coral Gables]] [[Florida]]e.]] '''Ecclesiae Congregationales''' sunt [[ecclesia]]e [[Protestantismus|Protestantes]] [[Christianitas|Christianae]] quae [[politia Congregationalis|gubernationem ecclesiasticam Congregationalem]] exercent, in qua ulla [[congregatio]] [[libertas|libere]] et [[sui iuris|autonomice]] suas res tractat. Multae ecclesiae Congregationales sese a familia [[cultus (sensus hodiernus)|sectarum Christianarum]]<!--nexus=?!--> Protestantium quae ex ratione coniunctionis a [[theologus|theologo]] [[Brownismus|Roberto Browne]] anno [[1592]] prolata ortas fuisse dicunt. Ex motu [[nonconformismus|nonconformistico]] per [[Puritani|Puritanam]] [[Ecclesia Anglicana|Ecclesiae Anglicanae]] correctionem ortae sunt. In [[Magna Britannia]], primi congregationalistae separatistae vel independentistae appellati sunt ad eos distinguendos [[Calvinismus|Calvinistis]], similiter [[Presbyterianismus|Presbyterianis]]. Nonnullae congregationalistae in Britannia se [[Independens (religio)|Independentes]] iam appellant. Ecclesiae Congregationales late constitutae sunt in [[Colonia Plimmuta|Colonia Plimmutensi]] et [[Colonia Sinus Massachusettensium]], deinde [[Nova Anglia]]. Latum est exemplar ecclesiarum Congregationalium a [[colonia|colonis]] a Nova Anglia in [[Novum Eboracum]] [[migratio|migrantibus]] et tum in "[[Boreoccidens Vetus|Boreoccidentem Veterem]]" (Territorium Boreoccidentale), quod Civitates Foederatae per [[Res Novae Americanae|res novas]] adeptae sunt, nunc [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|civitates]] [[Illinoesia]], [[Indiana]], [[Michigania]], [[Ohium]], et [[Visconsinia]] (et parva [[Minnesota]]e regio). Lbera loci corpora postulantes, magni momenti fuerunt in multis motibus [[correctio socialis|correctionem socialem]]<!--social reform--> suadentibus, inter quos motus [[abolitionismus|abolitionismi]]<!--melius nexus: A. in Civitatibus Foederatis-->, [[Motus temperantiae|temperantiae]], et [[suffragium]] [[mulier]]um. Congregationalismus in Civitatibus Foederatis hodie in tres corpora diffisus est: [[Coniuncta Christi Ecclesia]]<!--United Church of Christ-->, [[Societas Nationalis Ecclesiarum Christianarum Congregationalium]]<!--Nat. Assoc. of Congregational Christian Churches-->, et [[Congressus Christianus Congregationalis Conservativus]]<!--Conservative Congregational Christian Conference-->, qui [[theologia|theologice]] est conservatissimus.<!--PLUS IN EN:--> ==Samoa== [[Ecclesia Christiana Congregationalis in Samoa]]<ref>[[Samoane]] ''Ekalesia Fa'apotopotoga Kerisiano i Samoa''&thinsp;; [[Anglice]] ''Congregational Christian Church in Samoa.''</ref> est unus ex maximis ecclesiarum Christianarum gregibus per [[Oceanus Pacificus|regionem Pacifica]] distributis.<ref>[http://www.cccs.org.ws/ Situs priprius.]</ref> Condita est in [[insula]] [[Savaii]] anno [[1830]] a [[Ioannes Williams (missionarius)|Ioanne Williams]], [[missionarius|missionario]] [[Societas Missionaria Londiniensis|Societatis Missionariae Londiniensis]]. Ecclesia crescens [[collegium|collegia]] [[theologia|theologica]] in Samoa et [[Viti]]s constituit et iam sustinet. Sunt plus quam 100&thinsp;000 sodalium qui plus quam 2000 congregationum per mundum frequentant, quorum plurima in [[Samoa]], [[Samoa Americana]], [[Nova Zelandia]], [[Australia]], et [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] sitae sunt. Ecclesia quidem Christiana Congregationalis [[Iamaica]]e in [[Mare Caribaeum|Mari Caribaeo]] sub constitutione Ecclesiae Samoanae cadit. ==Nova Anglia== Congregationalistae [[Nova Anglia|Novam Angliam]] deduxerunt et diu continuerunt, praecipue [[Massachusetta]]m et [[Connecticuta]]m. [[Saeculum 17|Saeculo septimo decimo]], [[Peregrinatores (Colonia Plimmuta)|Peregrinatores]] [[Colonia Plimmuta|Plimmutam Massachusettae]], parvam [[colonia]]m, deduxerunt. [[Puritani]] [[vicus|vicos]] et [[oppidum Novae Angliae|oppida]] multo frequentiores in [[Colonia Sinus Massachusettensium]] et alicubi in Nova Anglia condiderunt. Rebus [[religio]]sis solidati sunt a [[Consilium Cantabrigiense|Consilio Cantabrigiensi]]<!--Cambridge Platform-->, anno [[1648]] facto. His colonis fuit [[Ioannes Cottonus (clericus)|Ioannes Cottonus]] dux maximi momenti, anno [[1633]] incipiente. Scripta Cottoniensia [[Ioannes Owen (theologus)|Ioanni Owen]], [[Calvinismus|Calvinistae]] [[theologus|theologo]], suaserunt ut ab ecclesia [[Presbyterianismus|Presbyteriana]] disceret. Qui deinde magnopere in progressu theologiae Congregationalisticae et notionum [[gubernatio]]nis ecclesiae valebat. [[Ionathan Edwards]] etiam fuit Congregationalista.<ref>Clifton E. Olmstead, ''History of Religion in the United States,'' p. 163.</ref><!--PLUS IN EN:--> Nonnulla ex primis collegiis et universitatibus in [[America]], inter quas [[universitas|universitates]] [[Universitas Harvardiana|Harvardiana]] et [[Universitas Yalensis|Yalensis]] ac [[collegium|collegia]] [[Collegium Dartmuthense|Dartmuthense]], [[Collegium Williamsianum|Williamsianum]], [[Collegium Bowdoinianum|Bowdoinianum]], [[Collegium Medioburiense|Medioburiense]]<!--Middlebury-->, et [[Collegium Amherstense|Amherstense]], omnia a Congregationalistis condita sunt, ut deinde fuerunt collegia [[Collegium Carletonianum|Carletonianum]], [[Collegium Grinnellianum|Grinnellianum]], [[Collegium Oberliniense|Oberliniense]], [[Collegium Beloitianum|Beloitianum]], et [[Collegium Pomonensis|Pomonensis]].<!--PLUS IN EN:--> {{NexInt}} * [[Arminianismus]]<!-- *[[Index ecclesiarum Congregationalium churches]] *[[Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches]] *[[Christian Congregation in the United States]]--> ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Bibliographia== * Opera [[Ioannes Waddington (clericus)|Ioannis Waddington]] ** ''Congregational Martyrs.'' Londinii, 1861.<!-- intended to form part of a series of 'Historical Papers,' which, however, were not continued; 2nd ed. 1861--> ** ''Congregational Church History from the Reformation to 1662.'' Londinii, 1862.<!-- awarded the bicentenary prize offered by the Congregational Union--> ** ''Surrey Congregational History.'' Londinii, 1866.<!-- in which he dealt more particularly with the records of his own congregation--> ** ''Congregational History.'' 5 vol. Londinii, 1869–1880. * McConnell, Michael W. [[2003]]. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002019127 Establishment and Disestablishment at the Founding, Part I: Establishment of Religion.] ''William and Mary Law Review'' 44:2105+. ==Nexus externi (ecclesiae nominibus Anglicis appellatae)== * [http://www.efcc.karoo.net Evangelical Fellowship of Congregational Churches of the United Kingdom] * [http://www.congregational.org.uk Congregational Federation of the United Kingdom] * [http://www.cfwales.org.uk Congregational Federation of Wales] * [http://www.cuofi.com Congregational Union of Ireland] * [http://www.cccc.ca Congregational Christian Churches of Canada] * [http://www.ccccusa.com Conservative Congregational Christian Conference of the United States of America] * [http://www.eccenter.com Evangelical Congregational Church of the United States of America] * [http://www.naccc.org National Association of Congregational Christian Churches of the United States of America] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090130054304/http://www.fcc-cong.org/ Fellowship of Congregational Churches of Australia] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140809213734/http://www.cfanz.org.au/cfanz.org.au/Welcome.html Congregational Federation of Australia] * [http://www.congregational.org.nz Congregational Union of New Zealand] * [https://archive.ph/20120919110313/http://www.uccsa.co.za/ United Congregational Church of Southern Africa] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090901115946/http://www.ecchurch.co.in/ Evangelical Congregational Church of India] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211230200106/http://wecf-cong.org/ World Evangelical Congregational Fellowship] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140426234219/http://www.congregational.org.uk/who-we-work-with/international-congregational-fellowship-1 International World Congregational Fellowship] {{DEFAULTSORT:Ecclesiae Congregationales}}<!-- [[Category:Chalcedonianismus]]--> [[Categoria:Congregationalismus| ]] [[Categoria:Termini Christiani]]<!-- [[Categoria:United Church of Christ predecessor churches--> j2kers2abhdqbl1733zpvhuan2rp46a 0 224458 3958421 3945673 2026-05-05T11:39:28Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958421 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:The Deserter.jpg|alt=|thumb|''Transfuga.'' Imago a [[Boardman Robinson]] facta (1916).]] '''Ecclesiae pacis''' sunt [[ecclesia]]e, greges, vel civitates<!--communities--> [[Christianitas|Christianae]] quae [[pacifismus Christianus|pacifismum Christianum]] vel [[non repugnantia]]m<!--?nonresistance--> [[Biblia Sacra|biblicam]] suadent. [[Vocabulum]] ''ecclesiae pacis historicae'' solum ad tres greges ecclesiasticos inter ecclesias pacis spectat—[[Ecclesia Fratrum|Ecclesiam Fratrum]], [[Religiosa Amicorum Sodalitas|Religiosam Amicorum Sodalitatem]] ([[Tremebundi|Tremebundos]]), et [[Mennonitae|Mennonitas]] (inter quos [[Amish]], [[Mennonitae Ordinis Veteris]], et [[Mennonitae Conservativi]])—et ex primo ecclesiarum pacis colloquio in [[Kansia]] anno [[1935]] habito adhibetur.<ref>"In 1935, <small>BRETHREN,</small> Mennonites, and Quakers met in North Newton, Kansas, for a conference on peace. The term <small>HISTORIC PEACE CHURCHES</small> was developed at this conference in order to distinguish between the groups' biblically based peaceful" (Donald B. Kraybill, ''Concise Encyclopedia of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites,'' 2010:6).</ref><ref>"The American Civil War brought the peace churches together in combined appeals to government. . . . This conference used the term historic peace churches as more acceptable to Mennonites than the term pacifist churches because the latter connoted theological liberalism" (''The Brethren encyclopedia'' 1983:608).</ref><!--CITATIO NON CLARA: <ref>Mark Matthews,''Smoke jumping on the Western fire line: conscientious objectors'' p36 - 2006 "CHAPTER TWO The Historic Peace Churches - The three historic peace churches that united to lobby for reforming the treatment of conscientious objectors during World War II shared many religious beliefs, but they also differed in many"</ref>--><ref>Speicher et Durnbaugh 2003.</ref><ref>"The Selective Service, in collaboration with the historic peace churches, created Civilian Public Service. . . . In October 1940, to coordinate administration of the CPS camps, the historic peace churches established the NSBRO" (Piehler et Pash 2010:265).</ref> Definitio locutionis ''ecclesiae pacis'' aliquando ad comprehendos [[Christadelphiani|Christadelphianos]] (ex 1863) et [[Molokani|Molokanos]] (Orthodoxos Russicos "[[lac]]tis potatores") augetur, qui autem colloquio ecclesiarum pacis historicarum in [[Kansia]] anno [[1935]] habito non interfuerunt.<ref>"Among the peace churches may be listed the Mennonite, Brethren, Friends, Christadelphians and Molakans. Other sects having a degree of pacifism in their doctrines include the Seventh Day Adventists, Assemblies of God and Churches of Christ. A more complex situation arises in connection with those registrants who do not base their claims (''Law Review Digest'' 1957).</ref> Ecclesiae pacis consentiunt [[Iesus|Iesum]] suasisse [[inviolentia|non violentiam]]. Num autem [[vis]] physica umquam excusari possit, aut in [[defensio personalis|defensione sui]] aut in defensione aliorum, controversia manet. Multi fideles in [[mos|morali]] non repugnantiae habitu coram [[violentia]] severe stant, sed hae ecclesiae plerumque concedunt violentiam pro [[civitas|civitatibus]] et earum [[gubernatio]]nibus contra [[mores Christiani|mores Christianos]]<!--C. morality--> esse. Inter omnes [[secta]]s Christianas semper fuerunt greges sodalium qui suadent non violentiam, quam autem certae ecclesiae constanter sustinent ex initio. Praeter tres ecclesias pacis historicas sunt [[Amish]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/amish3.htm |title=The Amish: Massacre at the Amish school in Nickel Mines Pennsylvaniae |publisher=Religioustolerance.org}}.</ref> [[Mennonitae Ordinis Veteris]], [[Mennonitae Conservativae]], [[Hutteritae]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hutterites.org/religion.htm |title=Religion |publisher=Hutterites.org}}.</ref> [[Fratres Baptistae Germani Veteres]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anabaptistchurch.org/anabaptists_today.htm |title=Anabaptists Today |publisher=Anabaptistchurch.org |date=2007-06-20}}.</ref> [[Fratres Fluminei Ordinis Veteris]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.com/riverbrethren/ |title=Old Order River Brethren |publisher=Geocities.com |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20091027000245/http://geocities.com/riverbrethren/|archivedate=2009-10-27}}.</ref> [[Fratres in Christo]],<ref>Wittlinger 1978.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304142132/http://www.bic-church.org/about/issues/english/christians%26war.pdf "Christians & War,"] www.bic.church.org (The Brethren in Christ).</ref> et aliae ecclesiae in traditione [[Anabaptistae|Anabaptistarum]] ([[Doukhobori]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.doukhobor.org/Anastasia.htm |title=Pacifism and Anastasia's Doukhobor Village |publisher=Doukhobor.org}}.</ref> [[Fratres Dunkard]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100728075127/http://www.dunkardbrethrenchurch.com/sections/beliefs "Dunkard Brethren Church,"] www.dunkardbrethrenchurch.com.</ref><ref>Durnbaugh 1997.</ref> [[Molokani]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.molokane.org/molokan/index.html |title=Molokan and Jumper Home Page |publisher=Molokane.org}}.</ref> [[Communitates Bruderhof]],<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/8.30/relrpt/stories/s1334058.htm "The Religion Report: Christians and immigration: Bruderhof,] www.abc.net.au, 23 Martii 2005.</ref> [[Ecclesia Schwenkfelderana|Schwenkfelderani]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.horseshoe.cc/pennadutch/religion/brethern/brethkle.htm |title=Brethern, Schwenkfelders and Other Plain People |publisher=Horseshoe.cc}}.</ref> [[Ecclesia Moraviana|Moraviani]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20081202111940/http://www.moravianpeacebuilders.org/</ref> [[Shakers]]<ref>[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/shaker/shakers.htm "Essay on Shaker History - Shaker Historic Trail - National Register of Historic Places,"] www.nps.gov.</ref>), et adeo nonnulli greges intra motum [[Pentecostales|Pentecostalem]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090322045614/http://www.pcpf.org/index.php "PCPJ - Pentecostals & Charismatics for Peace & Justice,] www.pcpf.org.</ref> [[Concilia Dei|Coetus Dei]], maxima ecclesia Pentecostalis, pacifismum circa tempus [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum II|belli secundi mundani]] reliquerunt.<ref>Alexander 2009.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100706163921/http://www.quaker.org/quest/issue-12-alexander-1.htm "Issue-12-alexander-1,"] www.quaker.org.</ref> Hi greges intra et inter se discrepaverunt, num personas [[militia|militares]] agere, sicut operarii [[medicus|medici]] non armati, vel munera a loco pugnae distantia civitates tempore belli adiuvanda sustinere deberent, sicut fabrica apparatuum belli. Aliud argumentum dicit [[Iesus|Iesum]], utinam adesset, patientis adiuvare velle; aliud, sic eos adiuvare auxilium ad [[violentia]]m oblique addere, alios homines expediens ut ei intersint.<!--PLUS IN EN--> {{NexInt}} {{Div col|cols=3}} * [[Ahimsa]] * [[Anabaptistae]] * [[Ausbund]] * [[Conscriptio]] * [[Dies internationalis pacis]] * [[Doukhobores]] * [[Diana Drufenbrock]] * [[Martinus Lutherus King Jr.]] * [[Motus operariorum Catholicorum]]<!--C. Worker Movement]]--> * [[Nonconformismus]] * [[Obiector conscientiae]] * [[Pacifismus]] * [[Pax Christi]] * [[Religio pacis]] * [[Theologia liberationis]] * [[Leo Tolstoj]] * [[Ubuntu (philosophia)]]<!-- *[[Anglican Pacifist Fellowship]] *[[American Friends Service Committee]] *[[Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America]] *[[Center on Conscience & War]] *[[Christianity and violence]] *[[Civilian Public Service]] *[[Jewish Peace Fellowship]] *[[List of pacifist faiths]] *[[List of peace activists]] *[[Plain people]] *[[Religious Freedom Peace Tax Fund Act]] *[[Southern Christian Leadership Conference|Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)]] *[[John Howard Yoder]]--> {{Div col end}} == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Bibliographia == * Alexander, Paul. [[2009]]. ''Peace to War: Shifting Allegiances in the Assemblies of God.'' Cascadia Publishing House. ISBN 1-931038-58-9. * Brown, Dale. [[1985]]. ''Biblical Pacifism: A Peace Church Perspective.'' Elgin Illinoesiae: Brethren Press. ISBN 0-87178-108-5. * Driver, Juan. [[1970]]. ''How Christians Made Peace With War: Early Christian Understandings of War.'' Scottdale Pennsylvaniae: Herald Press. ISBN 0-8361-3461-3. * Driver, Juan. [[1999]]. ''Radical Faith.'' Scottdale Pennsylvaniae: Herald Press. ISBN 0-9683462-8-6. * Durnbaugh, Donald. [[1997]]. ''Fruit of the Vine: A History of the Brethren.'' Brethren Press. ISBN 0-87178-003-8. * Friesen, Duane K. [[1986]]. ''Christian Peacemaking and International Conflict: A Realist Pacifist Perspective.'' Scottdale Pennsylvaniae: Herald Press. ISBN 0-8361-1273-3. * Horsch, John. [[1999]]. ''The Principle of Nonresistance as Held by the Mennonite Church.'' Ephrata Pennsylvaniae: Eastern Mennonite Publications. * Lederach, John Paul. [[1999]]. ''The Journey Toward Reconciliation.'' Scottdale Pennsylvaniae: Herald Press. ISBN 0-8361-9082-3. * McGrath, Willam. [[1980]]. ''Why We Are Conscientious Objectors to War.'' Millersburg Ohii: Amish Mennonite Publications. * Piehler, G. Kurt, et Sidney Pash. [[2010]]. ''The United States and the Second World War: New Perspectives.'' * Ruth-Heffelbower, Duane. [[1991]]. ''The Anabaptists Are Back: Making Peace in a Dangerous World.'' Scottdale Pennsylvaniae: Herald Press. ISBN 0-8361-3552-0. * Sampson, Cynthia. [[1999]]. Religion and Peacebuilding. In ''Peacemaking in International Conflict: Methods and Techniques,'' ed. I. William Zartman et J. Lewis Rasmussen. Vasingtoniae: United States Institute of Peace Press. *Sider, Ronald. [[1979]]. ''Christ and Violence.'' Scottdale Pennsylvaniae: Herald Press. ISBN 1579106560. *Speicher, Sara, et Donald F. Durnbaugh. [[2003]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705073854/http://www.wcc-coe.org/wcc/who/dictionary-article8.html Historic Peace Churches.] ''Ecumenical Dictionary.'' *Trocmé, André. [[1961]], [[2003]]. ''Jesus and the Nonviolent Revolution.'' Maryknoll Novi Eboraci: Orbis Books. ISBN 1570755388. *Van Dyck, Harry R. [[1990]]. ''Exercise of Conscience: A World War II Objector Remembers.'' Buffalo Novi Eboraci: Prometheus Books. ISBN 0879755849. *Wink, Walter, ed. [[2000]]. ''Peace Is the Way: Writings on Nonviolence from the Fellowship of Reconciliation.'' Maryknoll Novi Eboraci: Orbis Books. ISBN 1570753156. *Wittlinger, Carlton. [[1978]]. ''Quest for Piety and Obedience: The Story of the Brethren in Christ.'' Evangel Press. ISBN 0916035050. ==Nexus externi== *[http://www.cascadiapublishinghouse.com Domus Editoria Cascadia,] www.cascadiapublishinghouse.com *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100415233916/http://www.gameo.org/encyclopedia/contents/H59ME.html Ecclesiae Pacis Historicae,] www.gameo.org (''Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online'') *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210306135716/http://nonresistance.org/ Non Repugnantia,] www.nonresistance.org *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210228221318/http://ecapc.org/ Omnis Ecclesia Pacis Ecclesia,] ecapc.org *[http://www.bibleviews.com/Biblicalnonresist.html Pacifismus et Non Repugnantia Biblica,] www.bibleviews.com *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070302195736/http://www.peacetheology.org/who.html Qui sunt hae ecclesiae pacis historicae?] web.archive.org (Wayback Machine) *[http://www.bluffton.edu/~mastg/pacifism.htm Scripta de non repugnantia et pacificmo ex fontibus Anabaptistis-Mennonitis,] www.bliffton.edu [[Categoria:Ecclesiae pacis| ]] [[Categoria:Termini Christiani]] 3xckh8rz4tt54kez86vmd5vq9ss8yit 0 232266 3958375 3905935 2026-05-04T23:32:27Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958375 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Dampierre-en-Yvelines_Mairie.jpg |thumb|250 px|Dampierre-en-Yvelines: [[vici conciliabulum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 78193.png|thumb|left|250px|Dampierre-en-Yvelines: communis tabula]] '''Dampierre-en-Yvelines''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'0.3 incolarum (anno [[2022]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Evelinae (praefectura Franciae)|Evelinarum]] in regione [[Insula Franciae (regio Franciae)|Insula Franciae]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Evelinarum]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Dampierre-en-Yvelines|Dampierre-en-Yvelines}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110504173912/http://www.mairie-dampierre-yvelines.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|78193|de=Dampierre-en-Yvelines}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=11547 De hoc communi apud cassini.ehess.fr] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Evelinarum]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Evelinarum]] e954wt2czjtnu5c5x783o9tmjemlmno 0 236505 3958334 3447612 2026-05-04T13:10:14Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958334 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Beffroit-village-colombe.jpg |thumb|250 px|Colombe: ecclesiae [[turris campanaria]]]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 38118.png|thumb|left|250px|Colombe: communis tabula]] '''Colombe''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'470 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Isara (praefectura Franciae)|Isarae]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus et Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano et Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Isarae|Indicem communium praefecturae Isarae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Colombe (Isère)|Colombe}} * {{INSEE commune|38118|de=Colombe}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=9880 De hoc commune apud Cassini] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220302140725/https://www.colombe.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Isarae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Isarae]] 8ckgnvuxegl7pgz9mjrqiub3sp34yxz 0 236520 3958352 3447616 2026-05-04T17:48:24Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958352 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: La_Tronche_%2B_Corenc.JPG |thumb|250 px|[[La Tronche]] et infra Corenc]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 38126.png|thumb|left|250px|Corenc: communis tabula]] '''Corenc''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 3'944 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Isara (praefectura Franciae)|Isarae]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus et Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano et Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Isarae|Indicem communium praefecturae Isarae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Corenc|Corenc}} * {{INSEE commune|38126|de=Corenc}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=10296 De hoc commune apud Cassini] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061124110317/http://www.ville-corenc.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Isarae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Isarae]] fqkh63owi4w7asxay1w8pjo5917d9gu 0 242815 3958354 3457219 2026-05-04T18:58:38Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958354 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Canal-coudoux91.jpg |thumb|250 px|Coudoux: [[canalis]]]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 13118.png|250 px|left|thumb|Coudoux: communis tabula]] '''Coudoux''' est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 3'470 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Ostia Rhodani|Ostiorum Rhodani]] in regione [[Provincia, Alpes, Litus Lazuli|Provincia, Alpibus et Litore Lazuli]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Ostiorum Rhodani|Indicem communium praefecturae Ostiorum Rhodani]] == Nexus externi == {{communiaCat|Coudoux|Coudoux}} * [http://www.coudoux.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{INSEE commune|13118|de=Coudoux}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=10482 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ostiorum Rhodani]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ostiorum Rhodani]] 1ozqbbz47kp48opbz8jsqyjb94hj4z6 0 245141 3958378 3953814 2026-05-05T01:29:51Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:59- Dioscoride VII sec.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Dioscorides Neapolitanus]]: pagina descriptiones, glossas, imagines de [[origanum|origano]] monstrans]] '''''De materia medica''''', [[Graece]] scriptum et in multas linguas versum, est opus principale [[Dioscorides|Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei]] qui in provinciis [[Asia]]ticis [[Imperium Romanum|Imperii Romani]] saeculo I p.C.n. floruit. Laecanio Basso dicatum est.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170306003200/http://homepage.univie.ac.at/elisabeth.trinkl/forum//forum0908/48bassus.htm De Laecanio Basso]</ref> [[Fasciculus:Dioscorides Ruellius 1516 tp.jpg|thumb|Versio Latina ab [[Ioannes Ruellius|Ioanne Ruellio]] anno 1516 edita]] Exstant plures recensiones Graecae: * Recensio "genuina"<ref>"Forma genuina": ita [[Max Wellmann]] in praefatione editionis suae [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.php vol. 2 (1906) p. v]</ref> pristina, in quinque libros divisum, materie ordine affinitatum enumerata ** [[BNF Grec 2179|Dioscorides Parisinus gr. 2179]] saeculo IX factus, exemplar huius recensionis antiquissimus sed lacunosus * "Dioscorides alphabeticus", herbas tantum describens, imaginibus curiosis illustratus, [[glossae in Dioscoridem|glossario multilingui]] auctus. Medio saeculo IV [[Oribasius]] in ''[[Collectiones medicae|Collectionibus medicis]]'' suis (lib. XI-XIII) medicamenta botanica et mineralia e Dioscoride ordine alphabetico compendiose enumeravit, e recensione alphabetica iam exstante ut videtur citans.<ref>Ita [[Max Wellmann]], "[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PPN=PPN509862098_0033&DMDID=dmdlog48 Die Pflanzennamen des Dioskurides]" in ''Hermes'' vol. 33 (1898) pp. 360–422 ad [http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN509862098_0033|log48&physid=phys393#navi p. 375]</ref><ref>Contra John Scarborough, "Early Byzantine pharmacology" in ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers'' vol. 38 (1984) pp. 213-232 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1291507 JSTOR] ad pp. 223-224, qui proponit opus Oribasii archetypum esse recensionis alphabeticae. Quod autem difficile erit credendum, textu multo ab Oribasio omisso in libris recensionis alphabeticae recitato.</ref> Recensionis alphabeticae exemplaria sunt: ** [[Dioscorides Vindobonensis]]: exemplar divitissimum saeculo VI ineunte factum et feminae nobili [[Anicia Iuliana|Aniciae Iulianae]] dicatum. In [[Bibliotheca Nationalis Austriaca|Nationali Bibliotheca Austriaca]] servatur ** [[Dioscorides Neapolitanus]]: exemplar saeculo fere VII factum. In [[Bibliotheca Nationalis Neapolitana|Nationali Bibliotheca Neapolitana]] servatur * "Dioscorides alphabeticus" locupletior, in quinque libris divisus, herbis et [[glossae in Dioscoridem|glossis multilinguibus]] e recensione alphabetico priori, rebus medicinalibus aliis e recensione pristina demptis et ordine alphabetico inter libros singulos coactis ** [[Pierpont Morgan M.652|Dioscorides Pierpont Morgan]]: exemplar saeculo X factum, imaginibus multis illustratum * "Dioscorides interpolatus", e recensione pristina refectus, additamentis e Dioscoride alphabetico auctus [[Fasciculus:Laguna translation 1555 tp coloured.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Versio Andreae Lacunae Hispanica Antverpiae 1555 edita. Exemplar manu tinctum ([[Bibliotheca Nationalis Hispanica]])]] Versiones Latinae tres aevis antiquo et medio factae sunt.<ref>{{qc|id=Ferraces Rodríguez (1999)}}; {{qc|id=Cronier (2010)}}</ref> Versionis antiquissimae (A), saeculo III a [[Gargilius Martialis|Gargilio Martiali]] factae, fragmenta tantum supersunt. Versionis secundae (B) excerpta pauca apud [[pseudo-Apuleius|pseudo-Apuleium]] et [[Isidorus Hispalensis|Isidori]] ''[[Etymologiae (Isidorus)|Etymologias]]'' reperiuntur. Versio mediaevalis (C, etiam "[[Dioscorides Langobardus]]" ab eruditis appellata), ab exemplari recensionis genuinae saeculo fere VI conversa, e libro manuscripto saeculi IX nobis cognoscitur. Haec versio saeculo fere XI in ordinem alphabeticum retractata est; quae recensio sub nomine "[[Dyascorides]]" recognoscitur.<ref>{{qc|id=Riddle (1974)}}; {{qc|id=Riddle (1984)}} p. 102 n. 91; {{qc|id=Cronier (2010)}}</ref> Saeculo XVI opus ''De materia medica'' in linguas varias verterunt commentariisque adornaverunt [[Latine]] [[Ioannes Ruellius]], [[Valerius Cordus]], [[Italiane]] [[Petrus Andreas Matthiolus]], alii nonnulli. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == ; Editiones * 1499 : Venetiis: editio Aldina [http://bvpb.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=21312 Textus apud BVPB] * 1516 ([[Franciscus Asulanus]], [[Hieronymus Roscius]], edd.) : Venetiis: editio Aldina {{Google Books|sdllAAAAcAAJ}} * 1529 ([[Ianus Cornarius]], ed.) : ''Διοσκορίδης : Dioscorides''. Basileae: ex aedibus Ioan. Bebelii {{Ling|Graece|Latine}}[http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00014726/image_3 Textus apud MDZ] [http://bvpb.mcu.es/es/consulta/registro.cmd?id=399004 Textus apud BVPB] * 1549 ([[Iacobus Goupylus]], ed.; [[Ioannes Ruellius]], interpr.) : ''Dioscorides libri octo Graece et Latine; Castigationes in eosdem libros''. Parisiis {{Ling|Graece|Latine}} [https://archive.org/details/dioscoridislibr00ruelgoog Textus apud archive.org] * 1589 ([[Ianus Antonius Saracenus]], interpr.) : ''Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbaei opera quae exstant omnia''. Francofurti: sumtibus haeredum Andreae Wecheli {{Google Books|lyd6Sw1uxyMC}} * 1829-1830 ([[Curtius Sprengel]], ed.) : ''Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei De materia medica libri quinque''. 2 voll. Lipsiae {{Ling|Graece|Latine}} {{Google Books|dGw-AAAAcAAJ|1}} {{Google Books|lx4TAAAAQAAJ|2}} * 1906-1914 ([[Max Wellmann]], ed.) : ''Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei De materia medica libri quinque''. 3 voll. Berolini: Weidmann {{Ling|Graece}} [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6226074d 1] [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6228793s 2] [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6254651p 3] / [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_1_2.php 1] [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.php 2] [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_5_crat_sext_nig_simpl.php 3] ; Versiones * 1478 ([[Constantinus Africanus]] fortasse interpr.; [[Petrus de Abano]], recens.) : ''Dyascorides''. Incipit "[M]ulti voluerunt auctores antiqui de virtutibus herbarum"; "Explicit Dyascorides quem Petrus Paduanensis legendo corexit et exponendo quae utiliora sunt in lucem reduxit". [[Collis (Tuscia)|Colle]]: Iohannes de Medemblick, Iulio 1478<ref group="b">[http://incunables.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/record/D-104 Citatio huius editionis]</ref> [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00066730/image_9 Textus apud MDZ] * 1516 ([[Hermolaus Barbarus]], interpr.) : ''Ioannis Baptistae Egnatii ... in Dioscoridem ab Hermolao Barbaro tralatum annotamenta; Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei De medicinali materia ab eodem Barbaro Latinitate primum donati; ... Hermolai Barbari ... Corollarium libris quinque absolutum''. Venetiis<ref group="b" name="BPB">[[Bibliotheca publica Bavarica]]</ref> [http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb11199160-1 Textus] apud Monacenses * 1516 ([[Ioannes Ruellius]], interpr.) : ''Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei de medicinali materia libri quinque De virulentis animalibus, et venenis canerabioso, et corum notis, ac remediis libri quattuor. Joanne Ruellio Suessionensi interprete''. Lutetiae apud [[Henricus Stephanus|Henricum Stephanum]] {{Ling|Latine}} [http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histmed/medica/cote?00815 Editio 1516] [https://archive.org/details/dioscoridislibr00ruelgoog Editio Parisiensis 1549 bilinguis] [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00011921/image_5 Editio Francofurtensis 1549 cum adnotationibus Valerii Cordi etc.] [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753003467922 Editio 1552] * 1518 ([[Marcellus Virgilius Adrianus|Marcellus Virgilius]], interpr.) : ''Pedacii Dioscoridae Anazarbei De medica materia libri sex''. Florentiae apud haeredes Philippi Iuntae {{Ling|Latine}} [http://www.mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10139442-4 Textus apud MDZ] [http://bvpb.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=29623 Editio 1523 apud BVPB] * 1529 : [[Ioannes Ruellius]], interpr.; [[Otho Brunfelsius]], ed., ''P. Dioscoridae pharmacorum simplicium reique medicae libri VIII'' [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000817921 Textus] * 1544 ([[Petrus Andreas Matthiolus]], interpr.) : ''[[Commentarii (Matthiolus)|Di Pedacio Dioscoride Anazarbeo libri cinque della historia & materia medicinale]], tradotti in lingua volgare italiana da M. Pietro Andrea Matthiolo Senese Medico, con amplissimi discorsi & commenti & dottissime annotationi & censure del medesimo interprete'' {{Ling|Italiane}} [https://archive.org/details/ita-bnc-pos-0000072-001 Editio 1549 apud archive.org] {{Google Books|hV49AQAAIAAJ|Editio 1557}} {{Google Books|w8JCAAAAcAAJ|Editio 1573}} * 1554 : ''[[Commentarii (Matthiolus)|Petri Andreae Matthioli Medici Senensis Commentarii in libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei de Materia Medica]] adjectis quam plurimis plantarum & animalium imaginibus eodem authore'' (versio Latina ''Materiae medicae'' Dioscoridis) [https://archive.org/details/petriandreaematt00matt Editio 1558] [https://archive.org/details/PetriAndreaMatt00Matt Editio 1565 apud archive.org] * 1555 ([[Andreas Lacuna Secobiensis|Andreas a Lacuna]], interpr.) : ''Pedacio Dioscorides Anazarbeo Acerca de la materia medicinal y de los venenos mortiferos''. Antverpiae {{Ling|Hispanice}} {{Google Books|hG0rnSNIDykC}} [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/10632/ Exemplar manu tinctum]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} apud ''World Digital Library'' {{Google Books|xzxnLxvzvHUC|Editio Salmanticensis 1570}} * 1561 : [[Valerius Cordus]]; [[Conradus Gesnerus]], ed., ''Annotationes in Dioscoridis; Historiae stirpium libri IV [etc.]'' [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8036#/summary Textus] * 1561 ([[Antonius Pinaeus]], interpr.) : ''[[Discorsi (Matthiolus)|Les Commentaires de M. P. André Matthiolus sur les six livres de Pedacius Dioscoride Anazarbéen de la matière médicale]]'' {{Ling|Francogallice}}<ref group="b">Citatio editionis 1561 {{Google Books|Zw1AAAAAcAAJ|vide p. 192}}. N.B. oportet titulum huius editionis verificare</ref> [https://archive.org/details/gri_33125012606816 Editio 1572 apud archive.org] {{Google Books|Db9CAAAAcAAJ|Editio 1620}} [http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histmed/medica/cote?00826A Editio 1627 apud BiuSanté] * 1586 ([[Ioachimus Camerarius iunior|Ioachimus Camerarius]], interpr.) : ''[[Discorsi (Matthiolus)|Kreutterbuch desz hochgelehrten unnd weitberühmten Herrn D. Petri Andreae Matthioli]]'' {{Ling|Theodisce}} [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/0009/bsb00091089/images/ Textus] * c. 1650 facta, anno 1934 divulgata (J. Goodyer, interpr.; R. T. Gunther, ed.) : ''The Greek Herbal of Dioscorides''. Londinii [https://web.archive.org/web/20141006142945/http://panaceavera.com/demateriaindex.html recensio interretialis huius versionis] * 1998 (Manuela García Valdez, interpr.) : ''Dioscórides. Plantas y remedios medicinales (De materia medica)''. 3 voll. Matriti: Gredos * 2005 (Lily Y. Beck, interpr.; John Scarborough, praef.) : ''Pedanius Dioscorides of Anazarbus. De materia medica''. Berolini: Olms-Weidmann [http://www.uhu.es/publicaciones/ojs/index.php/exemplaria/article/viewFile/486/693 Recensio huius operis] ; Editiones, versiones, commentationes partiales {{Vide-etiam|Cinnabaris (medicamentum)|Cyphi|Moly|Seps}} * Praefatio: John Scarborough, Vivian Nutton, "The Preface of Dioscorides' Materia Medica: introduction, translation, commentary" in ''Transactions and Studies of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia'' n.s. vol. 4 (1982) pp. 187-227. * [[Amomum]]: Nicolaus Maronea Veronensis, "[http://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/pageview/8959143 Commentarii in tractatus Dioscoridis et Plinii de amomo]" in [[Ioannes Pona]], ''Plantae seu simplicia ut vocant, quae in Baldo monte et in via ab Verona ad Baldum reperiuntur'' (Basileae: Zetznerus, 1608) * [[Balsamum]]: [[Andreas Chiocchus]], ''Carmen de balsami natura et viribus iuxta Dioscoridis placita''. Veronae, 1596<ref group="b">[https://web.archive.org/web/20210227190621/https://www.ustc.ac.uk/index.php/record/821965 Citatio huius operis]</ref> ** [[Ioannes Pona|Giovanni Pona]], ''Del vero balsamo de gli antichi: commentario ... sopra l'Historia di Dioscoride''. Venetiis, 1623 {{Google Books|k4VAAAAAcAAJ}} * [[Bryonia]]: S. S. Renner, J. Scarborough, H. Schaefer, H. S. Paris, J. Janick, "Dioscorides’ ''bruonia melaina'' is ''Bryonia alba'', not ''Tamus communis'' and an illustration labelled ''bruonia melaina'' in the Codex Vindobonensis is ''Humulus lupulus'' not ''Bryonia dioica''" in M. Pitrat, ed., ''Cucurbitaceae 2008: IXth Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitacea'' (Avenione: INRA, 2008) pp. 273-280 * [[Mandragora]]: George Saliba, Linda Komaroff, "Illustrated Books May Be Hazardous to Your Health: A New Reading of the Arabic Reception and Rendition of the "Materia Medica" of Dioscorides" in ''Ars Orientalis'' vol. 35 (2008) pp. 6-65 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/25481907 JSTOR] ; Eruditio antiquior * [[Hermolaus Barbarus]], ''In Dioscoridem corollariorum libri quinque''. Coloniae: apud Ioan. Soterem, 1530 {{Google Books|6sdCAAAAcAAJ}} ; Eruditio recentior * Minta Collins, ''Medieval Herbals: The Illustrative Traditions'' (Londinii: British Library, 2000) pp. 31-89 {{Google Books|s7c2EaxDYjUC|Paginae selectae}} * {{ec|id=Cronier (2010)|c=Marie Cronier, "Le Dioscoride alphabétique latin et les traductions latines du De materia medica" in David Langslow, Brigitte Maire, edd., ''Body, Disease and Treatment in a Changing World: Latin texts and contexts in ancient and medieval medicine'' (Lausannae: Editions BHMS, 2010) pp. 189-200}} * Florence E. Day, "Mesopotamian Manuscripts of Dioscorides" in ''Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin'' n.s. vol. 8 (1950) pp. 274-280 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3257424 JSTOR] * A. Dietrich, ''Die Dioskurides-Erklärung des Ibn al-Baiṭar: ein Beitrag zur arabischen Pflanzensynonymik des Mittelalters''. Gottingae: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1991 * Cesar E. Dubler, Elias Teres Sadaba, ''La 'Materia Medica' de Dioscorides, transmisión medieval y renacentista''. 6 voll. Barcelone, 1952-1957 * Nicholas Everett, ''The Alphabet of Galen: Pharmacy from Antiquity to the Middle Ages'' (Toronti: University of Toronto Press, 2012) pp. 64-78 {{Google Books|R2DXb3tF7zwC|Paginae selectae}} * {{ec|id=Ferraces Rodríguez (1999)|c=A. Ferraces Rodríguez, ''Estudios sobre textos latinos de fitoterapia entre la Antigüedad Tardía y la Alta Edad Media''. Corunnae, 1999}} * Martin Levey, ''Early Arabic Pharmacology: An Introduction Based on Ancient and Medieval Sources''. Lugduni Batavorum: Brill, 1973 {{Google Books|LtYUAAAAIAAJ|Paginae selectae}} * {{ec|id=Riddle (1974)|c=John M. Riddle, "The Latin Alphabetical Dioscorides" in ''Proceedings of XIIIth International Congress of the History of Science, Moscow, 1971, sections III and IV'' (Moscuae, 1974) pp. 204-209}} * {{ec|id=Riddle (1984)|c=John M. Riddle, "Byzantine Commentaries on Dioscorides" in ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers'' vol. 38 (1984) pp. 95-102 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1291497 JSTOR]}} * John M. Riddle, ''Dioscorides on pharmacy and medicine''. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1985 * Mahmoud M. Sadek, ''The Arabic Materia Medica of Dioscorides''. Quebeci: Editions du Sphinx, 1983 * George Saliba and Linda Komaroff, "Illustrated Books May Be Hazardous to Your Health: A New Reading of the Arabic Reception and Rendition of the "Materia Medica" of Dioscorides" in ''Ars Orientalis'' vol. 35 (2008) pp. 6-65 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/25481907 JSTOR] * John Scarborough, "Pharmacy in Pliny's Natural History: some observations on substances and sources" in Roger French, Frank Greenaway, edd., ''Science in the Early Roman Empire'' (Londinii: Croom Helm, 1986) pp. 59-85 [de fontibus tam Dioscoridis quam Plinii] * John Scarborough, ''Pharmacy's ancient heritage: Theophrastus, Nicander and Dioscorides''. Lexington, 1985. * [[Max Wellmann]], "[[:s:de:RE:Dioskurides 12|Dioskurides (12)]]" in {{PW}} vol. 5 pars 1 (1903) pp. 1131–1142 ; Notae librariae <references group="b" /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb11054626-2 Lambecius 1669] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 1]] [[Categoria:Anatoliae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Graecae aevi Romani]] [[Categoria:Libri de medicamentis]] [[Categoria:Dioscorides]] pe11k3jdue8ztkoi3xy320tudx7ioey 0 246428 3958394 3957624 2026-05-05T04:27:11Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:59- Dioscoride VII sec.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Dioscorides Neapolitanus]]: pagina descriptiones, glossas, imagines de [[origanum|origano]] monstrans]] {{res|Synonyma plantarum barbara}},<ref>"Synonyma plantarum barbara": sic [[Curtius Sprengel]] in ''Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei De materia medica libri quinque'' (Lipsiae, 1829-1830) {{Google Books|dGw-AAAAcAAJ|vol. 1 p. xvi}}</ref> e variis linguis et traditionibus [[Imperium Romanum|Imperii Romani]] hausta, in ''[[Herbarius (pseudo-Apuleius)|Herbarium]]'' Latinum [[Apuleius (scriptor pseudonymus)|pseudo-Apulei]] et in recensionem alphabeticam librorum [[Dioscorides|Dioscoridis]] ''[[De materia medica]]'' inseruntur. [[Max Wellmann]], verbis [[Claudius Galenus|Galeni]] citatis,<ref>[[Claudius Galenus|Galenus]], ''De simplicium medicamentorum temperamentis ac facultatibus'' [http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histoire/medica/resultats/index.php?p=795&cote=45674x11&do=page 11.792-793 Kühn]</ref> has glossas ex opere [[Pamphilus (botanicus)|Pamphili]] botanico saeculi I p.C.n. exeuntis demptas fuisse accepit,<ref>[[Max Wellmann]], "[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PPN=PPN509862098_0033&DMDID=dmdlog48 Die Pflanzennamen des Dioskurides]" in ''Hermes'' vol. 33 (1898) pp. 360–422 ad [http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN509862098_0033|log48&physid=phys389#navi pp. 369-370]</ref> minime autem [[Pamphilus Alexandrinus|Pamphili Alexandrini]]; recentiores multi Pamphilum singulum, Alexandrinum qui etiam de plantarum nominibus scripserit, recognoscunt.<ref>Ernestus Howald et [[Henricus E. Sigerist]], ''Antonii Musae De herba vettonica liber; Pseudoapulei Herbarius; Anonymi de taxone liber; Sexti Placiti liber medicinae ex animalibus etc.'' (Lipsiae: Teubner, 1927) [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/cml_04.php p. xx], multis sequentibus</ref> Glossae in Dioscoridis libros haec praebentur: Aegyptiorum 149, Aethiopum 1, Afrorum 73, Andreae medici 2, Armenorum 1, Bessorum 1, Boeotum 1, Cappadocum 1, Dacorum 39,<ref name="Index">Vide [[Index nominum plantarum Dacicorum]]</ref> Dardanorum 2, [[Democritus (scriptor pseudonymus)|Democriti]] 3, Gallorum 28,<ref name="Indexg">Vide [[Index nominum plantarum Gallicorum]]</ref> Graecorum plurimae, Hispanorum 6, Istrianorum 11, Lucanorum 2, Marsorum 1, Osthanis 12, prophetarum 108, Pythagorae 8, Romanorum circa 400, Siculorum 2, Syrorum 10, Tuscorum 16,<ref name="Indext">Vide [[Index nominum plantarum Tuscorum]]</ref> Zoroastris 7.<ref>[[Max Wellmann]], ed., ''Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei De materia medica'' (3 voll. Berolini: Weidmann, 1906-1914) [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6254651p/f345.image vol. 3 pp. 327-358]</ref> Glossae in pseudo-Apuleium haec praebentur: Aegyptiorum 49, Afrorum 1, Bessorum 2, Campanorum 1, Cappadocum 1, Cilicum 2, Dacorum 25,<ref name="Index" /> Dardanorum fortasse 3, [[Democritus (scriptor pseudonymus)|Democriti]] 4, Euboeorum 1, Phrygum 1, Gallorum 14,<ref name="Indexg" /> Graecorum 113, [Hi]Spanorum 3, Italorum 75, Latinorum 31, Libyum 2, Lucanorum1, Ostanis 8, prophetarum 39, Punicorum 15, Pythagorae 5, Romanorum 28, Siculorum 3, Syrorum 4, Tuscorum 6,<ref name="Indext" /> Zoroastri 5.<ref>Ernestus Howald, [[Henricus E. Sigerist]], edd., ''Antonii Musae De herba vettonica liber; Pseudoapulei herbarius; Anonymi de taxone liber; Sexti Placiti liber medicinae ex animalibus etc.'' (Lipsiae: Teubner, 1927) [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/cml_04.php pp. 299-300]</ref> "Prophetae" ita hic, ab aliis verbo peiorativo "magi" appellati, sunt quattuor, scilicet [[Zoroaster (scriptor pseudonymus)|Zoroaster]], [[Pythagoras]], [[Democritus (scriptor pseudonymus)|Democritus]], [[Ostanes (scriptor pseudonymus)|Osthanes]]. == Notae == [[Fasciculus:Wien Dracontea.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|[[Medicina antiqua (codex)|Pseudo-Apuleius Vindobonensis]] (codex "Medicina antiqua"): pagina imaginem et glossas de dracontea (''[[Dracunculus vulgaris]]'') praebens]] <div class="references-small"><references /></div> == Bibliographia == ; Generalia * K. S. Basmadjian, "L'identification des noms des plantes du Codex Constantinopolitanus de Dioscoride" in ''Journal Asiatique'' vol. 230 (1938) pp. 578-621 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k933309/f579.image Textus] (index adnotationum marginalium) * Marie Cronier, "L’Herbier alphabétique grec de Dioscoride : quelques remarques sur sa genèse et ses sources textuelles" in A. Ferraces Rodríguez (ed.), ''Fito-zooterapia antigua y altomedieval: textos y doctrinas'' ({{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Crunia|Cruniae|es|qid=Q8757}}, 2009) pp. 33-59 * [[Andreas Dalby|Andrew Dalby]], "[https://www.academia.edu/38034093/Dioscorides_extended_the_Synonyma_Plantarum_Barbara Dioscorides Extended: The ''Synonyma plantarum barbara'']" in Carmen Soares, Cilene Gomes Ribeiro, edd., ''Mesas luso-brasileiras'' (Conimbrigae: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018) vol. 1 pp. 21-36 * Ernestus Howald, [[Henricus E. Sigerist]], edd., ''Antonii Musae De herba vettonica liber; Pseudoapulei herbarius; Anonymi de taxone liber; Sexti Placiti liber medicinae ex animalibus etc.'' Leipzig: Teubner, 1927. (''Corpus medicorum latinorum'', 4) [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/cml_04.php Textus] * Petrus Lambecius, ''Commentariorum de augustissima bibliotheca Caesarea Vindobonensi liber II'' (Vindobonae: Cosmorovius, 1699) p. 593 * Mylène Pradel-Baquerre, ''Ps.-Apulée, ”Herbier”, introduction, traduction et commentaire''. (Dissertatio universitatis Montispessulanensis, 2013.) Vide praecipue pp. 53-56 et 577-580. [https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/977562/filename/2013_pradel_diff.pdf Textus] * [[Curtius Sprengel]], ed., ''Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei De materia medica libri quinque'' (2 voll. Lipsiae 1829-1830) {{Google Books|dGw-AAAAcAAJ|vol. 1 pp. xvi-xviii}} * [[Max Wellmann]], ed., ''Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei De materia medica libri quinque''. 3 voll. Berolini: Weidmann, 1906-1914 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6226074d 1] [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6228793s 2] [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6254651p 3] / [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_1_2.php 1] [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_3_4.php 2] [http://cmg.bbaw.de/epubl/online/wa_dioscurides_mat_med_lib_5_crat_sext_nig_simpl.php 3] * [[Max Wellmann]], "Pamphilos" in ''Hermes'' vol. 51 (1916) pp. 1-64 ; De nominibus Aegyptiis * Henrich L. Emil Lüring, ''Die über die medicinischen Kenntnisse der alten Ägypter berichtenden Papyri'' (Lipsiae: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1888) [https://archive.org/stream/dieberdiemedici00lrgoog#page/n145/mode/2up pp. 143-164] ; De nominibus Dacicis * V. Bertoldi, ""Preellenico" batós, mantía "cespuglio, rovo" e "preromano" *matta, *mantia "cespuglio, rovo"" in ''Glotta'' vol. 21 (1932-1933) pp. 258-267 * Valeriu L. Bologa, "I sinonimi "daci" delle piante descritte da Dioscoride possono servire alla ricostruzione della lingua daca?" in ''Archeion'' vol. 12 (1930) pp. 166-170 [https://www.brepolsonline.net/doi/abs/10.1484/J.arch.3.382?journalCode=arch Pagina prima] * Dimiter Detschew, ''Die thrakischen Sprachreste'' (Vindobonae, 1957) pp. 541-565 * V. I. Georgiev, "Die dakischen Glossen und ihre Bedeutung zum Studium der dakischen Sprache" in ''Linguistique balcanique'' vol. 8 (1964) pp. 5-14 * Natalia Trandafirescu, ''Fitonimele atribuite dacilor în lucrarile lui Dioscorides şi Pseudo-Apuleius''. Bucarestae: Universitatea din Bucureşti, Facultatea de Filologie, 1994 * Coloman Vaczy, "Nomenclatura dacica a plantelor la Dioscorides si Pseudo-Apuleius" pars 1 in ''Acta Musei Napocensis'' vol. 5? (1968) pp. 112-124; pars 3 in vol. 8 (1971) pp. 109-134 * Krzysztof Witczak, "[https://www.academia.edu/11590310/The_Dacian_name_for_nettle The Dacian name for 'nettle']" in ''Linguistique balkanique'' vol. 44 (2005) pp. 333-346 * L. Zgusta, recensio operis Detschew in ''Archív orientalní'' vol. 26 (1958) pp. 684-685 ; De nominibus Dardanis * Krzysztof Witczak, "[https://www.academia.edu/10718143/Dardanian_Plant_Names Dardanian Plant Names]" in ''Linguistique balkanique'' vol. 53 (2014) pp. 95-102 ; De nominibus Gallicis * J. André, "Noms de plantes gauloises ou prétendues gauloises dans les textes grecs et latins" in ''Études celtiques'' vol. 22 (1985) pp. 179-98 * G. Dottin, ''La langue gauloise''. Lutetiae, 1920 [https://archive.org/details/lalanguegauloise00dottuoft Textus apud archive.org] * Pierre Flobert, "[http://www.persee.fr/doc/mom_0184-1785_2012_act_49_1_3223 L’apport de Jacques André aux études sur le latin parlé tardif]" in ''Actes du IXe colloque international sur le latin vulgaire et tardif, Lyon 2-6 septembre 2009'' (2012) pp. 223-27 * M. Höfler, "Volksmedizinische Botanik der Kelten" in ''Archiv für Geschichte der Medizin'' vol. 5 (1911) pp. 1-35 et 241-279 * W. Meid, P. Anreiter, ''Heilpflanzen und Heilsprüche: Zeugnisse gallischer Sprache bei Marcellus von Bordeaux''. Ponte Aeni, 1996 * Jacques Poisson, "[http://www.persee.fr/doc/pharm_0035-2349_2004_num_92_343_5674 Aperçu sur la pharmacopée gauloise]" in ''Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie'' vol. 92 (2004) pp. 383-390 * Blanca María Prósper, "[https://www.academia.edu/31487552/The_irreducible_Gauls_used_to_swear_by_Belenos._Or_did_they_Celtic_religion_henbane_and_historical_misapprehensions The irreducible Gauls used to swear by Belenos. Or did they? Celtic religion, henbane and historical misapprehensions]" in ''Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie'' (2017?) ; De nominibus "prophetarum" * Mylène Pradel-Baquerre, ''Ps.-Apulée, ”Herbier”, introduction, traduction et commentaire'' (dissertatio universitatis Montispessulanensis, 2013) pp. 577-580 [https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/977562/filename/2013_pradel_diff.pdf Textus] ; De nominibus "Romanis" * Jacques André, "Les noms des plantes latins du Pseudo-Dioscoride" in ''Latomus'' vol. 14 (1955) pp. 520-524 * Francisco Cortés Gabaudan, "Griego y latín en los nombres latinos de plantas del Dioscórides de Salamanca" in Gregorio Hinojo Andrés, José Carlos Fernández Corte, edd., ''Munus Quaesitum Meritis. Homenaje a Carmen Codoñer'' (Salmanticae, 2007) pp. 175–182 * [[Max Wellmann]], "[http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PPN=PPN509862098_0033&DMDID=dmdlog48 Die Pflanzennamen des Dioskurides]" in ''Hermes'' vol. 33 (1898) pp. 360–422 (praecipue de glossis "Romanis") ; De nominibus Tuscis * V. Bertoldi, "[http://www.samorini.it/doc1/alt_aut/ad/bertoldi-nomina-tusca-in-dioscoride.pdf Nomina tusca in Dioscoride]" in ''Studi Etruschi'' vol. 10 (1936) pp. 295-320 * G. Bonfante, L. Bonfante, ''The Etruscan Language'' (2a ed. Mancunii, 2002) pp. 186-191 * Jean-René Jannot, "[https://www.britishmuseum.org/pdf/12%20Jannot-pp.pdf The Lotus, Poppy and other Plants in Etruscan Funerary Contexts]" in Judith Swaddling, Philip Perkins, edd., ''Etruscan by Definition: The Cultural, Regional and Personal Identity of the Etruscans: Papers in honour of Sybille Haynes, MBE'' (Londinii: British Museum Publications, 2009) pp. 81-86 * Kyle P. Johnson, "[http://ancientstudies.as.nyu.edu/docs/CP/963/EtruscanNews05.pdf An Etruscan Herbal?]" in ''Etruscan News'' vol. 5 (2006) pp. 1, 8 * L. Lorenzetti, "“Etrusco” φαβουλώνια ‘giusquiamo’ (Dioscoride 4, 68)" in ''Archivio Glottologico Italiano'' vol. 90 (2005) pp. 230-235 * Mariacristina Marino, Davide Muratore, "[http://www.aristarchus.unige.net/Wordsinprogress/it-IT/Database/View/1493 φαβουλώνια]{{Nexus deficit|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}" in Franco Montanari, ed., ''[http://www.aristarchus.unige.net/Wordsinprogress/it-IT/Home Words in Progress: Supplementary Lexicon of Ancient Greek]{{Nexus deficit|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'' * M. Pallottino, ''Testimonia Linguae Etruscae (TLE)'' (2a ed., Florentiae 1968) no. 801-858 * John Scarborough, "[http://ancientstudies.as.nyu.edu/docs/CP/963/EtruscanNews06.pdf More on Dioscorides’ Etruscan Herbs]" in ''Etruscan News'' vol. 6 (2006) pp. 1, 9 * M. Torelli, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0000-0000_1976_ant_27_1_1852 Glosse etrusche: qualche problema di trasmissione]" in ''Mélanges Heurgon'' (Romae, 1976) pp. 1001-1008 ; De verbo "gigaro" * G. Alessio, "Una voce toscana di origine etrusca: gìghero “Arum v. sp.” < gīgărus ‘id.’" in ''Studi Etruschi'' vol. 11 (1937) pp. 253-263 * V. Bertoldi, "Il «gigarus» di Marcello ed il «cicarō» di Petronio" in ''Études Celtiques'' vol. 2 (1937) pp. 28-32 * Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20180602100150/http://czasopisma.tnkul.pl/index.php/rh/article/view/3569 Is gigarum or gigarus ‘taro’ an Etruscan or Gaulish term?]" in ''Roczniki humanistyczne'' vol. 64 (2016) {{NexInt}} * [[Index nominum plantarum Dacicorum]] * [[Index nominum plantarum Gallicorum]] * [[Index nominum plantarum Tuscorum]] == Nexus externi == * [http://uses.plantnet-project.org/fr/Dioscoride:_Introduction_et_commentaires#Texte_de_Berendes Commentatiuncula de glossis] in J. Berendes, ''Des Pedanios Dioskurides aus Anazarbos Arzneimittellehre in fünf Büchern'' (Stutgardiae: Ferdinand Enke, 1902) * "[http://encyclopedie.arbre-celtique.com/medecine-par-les-plantes-1397.htm La médecine par les plantes]" apud ''L'Arbre celtique'' * "[http://www.arbre-celtique.com/encyclopedie/mots-et-etymons-de-la-langue-gauloise-arbres-et-plantes-3366.htm Arbres et plantes]" apud ''L'Arbre celtique'' {{Nexus absunt}} [[Categoria:Litterae Graecae aevi Romani]] [[Categoria:Dioscorides]] [[Categoria:Documenta multilinguia]] [[Categoria:Dictionaria]] [[Categoria:Pseudo-Apuleius]] pjus9y8i3j2i5jsaednno4ht5l1xa6z 0 248148 3958419 3698373 2026-05-05T10:32:59Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958419 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Blason_ville_fr_D%C3%A9ville-l%C3%A8s-Rouen_%28Seine-Maritime%29.svg |thumb|250 px|Déville-lès-Rouen: [[insigne]]]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 76216.png|250 px|left|thumb|Déville-lès-Rouen: communis tabula]] '''Déville-lès-Rouen''' est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 10'272 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sequana Maritima|Sequanae Maritimae]] in regione [[Normannia Superior]]i (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Normannia (regio Franciae)|Normannia]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae|Indicem communium praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Déville-lès-Rouen|Déville-lès-Rouen}} * {{INSEE commune|76216|de=Déville-lès-Rouen}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=11776 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220309121059/https://deville-les-rouen.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sequanae maritimae]] letj00k83f2ehfgfppi2pxwrq4htf4q 0 249707 3958355 3464542 2026-05-04T18:59:50Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958355 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Blason_ville_fr_Coufouleux_%28Tarn%29.svg|thumb|250 px|Coufouleux: [[insigne]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 81070.png|250 px|left|thumb|Coufouleux: communis tabula]] '''Coufouleux''' (etiam ''Couffouleux'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 2'408 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]] in regione [[Meridianum et Pyrenaei|Meridiano et Pyrenaeis]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Occitania Ruscino Meridianum et Pyrenaei|Occitania Ruscinone Meridiano et Pyrenaeis]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Tarnis|Indicem communium praefecturae Tarnis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Coufouleux|Coufouleux}} * {{INSEE commune|81070|de=Coufouleux}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=10503 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110408141839/http://www.couffouleux.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Tarnis]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Tarnis]] edbq6x6me82ni0g54kvq021gptrg0gb 0 249965 3958344 3464635 2026-05-04T16:22:54Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3958344 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: PA_00095600_Eglise_St_Jean_Le_Froid_de_Mailhoc_-03.jpg |thumb|250 px|Mailhoc: [[ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Ioannes|Sancto Ioanni Frigido]] (''Saint-Jean-le-Froid'') dicata]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 81152.png|250 px|left|thumb|Mailhoc: communis tabula]] '''Mailhoc''' ([[Occitanice]] ''Mailuòc'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 253 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]] in regione [[Meridianum et Pyrenaei|Meridiano et Pyrenaeis]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Occitania Ruscino Meridianum et Pyrenaei|Occitania Ruscinone Meridiano et Pyrenaeis]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Tarnis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Mailhoc|Mailhoc}} * {{INSEE commune|81152|de=Mailhoc}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=20627 De hoc communi apud cassini.ehess.fr] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Tarnis]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Tarnis]] 5cw7yzvcckpap229akhu6ausu5mldak 3958345 3958344 2026-05-04T16:23:29Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3958345 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: PA_00095600_Eglise_St_Jean_Le_Froid_de_Mailhoc_-03.jpg |thumb|250 px|Mailhoc: [[ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Ioannes|Sancto Ioanni Frigido]] (''Saint-Jean-le-Froid'') dicata]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 81152.png|250 px|left|thumb|Mailhoc: communis tabula]] '''Mailhoc''' ([[Occitanice]] ''Mailuòc'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 304 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]] in regione [[Meridianum et Pyrenaei|Meridiano et Pyrenaeis]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Occitania Ruscino Meridianum et Pyrenaei|Occitania Ruscinone Meridiano et Pyrenaeis]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Tarnis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Mailhoc|Mailhoc}} * {{INSEE commune|81152|de=Mailhoc}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=20627 De hoc communi apud cassini.ehess.fr] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Tarnis]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Tarnis]] subky9tn4rd0o5oi4y79lyfwfel0czs 0 250527 3958353 3581766 2026-05-04T17:57:23Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958353 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Cormeilles-en-parisis-4.jpg |thumb|250 px|Cormeilles-en-Parisis: despectus in vicum [[hiems|hieme]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 95176.png|250 px|left|thumb|Cormeilles-en-Parisis: communis tabula]] '''Cormeilles-en-Parisis''' est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 23'369 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vallis Esiae|Valle Esiae]] in regione [[Insula Franciae (regio Franciae)|Insula Franciae]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vallis Esiae|Indicem communium praefecturae Vallis Esiae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cormeilles-en-Parisis|Cormeilles-en-Parisis}} * {{INSEE commune|95176|de=Cormeilles-en-Parisis}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=10316 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160609081640/http://www.ville-cormeilles95.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vallis Oesiae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vallis Oesiae]] 65lp8ymuvcvc65cxkwkz9ycq1ternjm 0 256562 3958387 3958108 2026-05-05T04:14:31Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958387 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Fendt Tractor Ripping up Kulin.jpg|thumb|[[Cultura|Cultio]] post [[pluvia]]m praematuram.]] {{res|Aratio}} vel {{res|cultio}} est [[agricultura|agriculturalis]] [[solum|soli]] praeparatio per varia [[agitatio]]nis [[machina|mechanicae]] genera, sicut fodere, excitare, et evertere. Inter exempla arationis a [[labor manualis|labore humano effectae]] quae modis [[instrumentum manuale|instrumentorum manualium]] utuntur sunt usus [[aratrum|aratri]], [[rastrum|rastri]], [[rutrum|rutri]], [[dolabra]]e, {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|mattock||en|qid=Q8193873}}, [[sarculum|sarculi]], et [[rastellus|rastelli]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Ara]] * [[Bustrophedon]] * [[Pedologia]] * [[Tractorium]] == Bibliographia == * Brady, Nyle C., et R. R. Weil. [[2002]]. ''The nature and property of soils.'' Ed. tredecima. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0130167630. * Cook, R. L., H. F. McColly, L. S. Robertson, et C. M. Hansen. [[1958]]. ''Save Money - Water - Soil with Minimum Tillage.'' Extension Bulletin 352. East Lansing Michiganiae: Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan State University. * Roose, Eric. [[1996]]. ''Land husbandry: components and strategy.'' Romae: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9251034516. * Soil Science of America. [[2009]]. [https://www.soils.org/publications/soils-glossary ''Glossary of Soil Science Terms.''] Madisoniae Visconsiniae: Soil Science of America. * Sprague, Milton A., et Glover B. Triplett. [[1986]]. ''No-tillage and surface-tillage agriculture: the tillage revolution.'' Novi Eboraci: Wiley. ISBN 9780471884101. * Stoll, Steven. [[2002]]. ''Larding the Lean Earth: Soil and Society in Nineteenth-Century America.'' Novi Eboraci: Hill and Wang. * Troeh, Frederick R., J. Arthur Hobbs, Roy L. Donahue. [[1991]]. ''Soil and water conservation for productivity and environmental protection.'' Ed. secunda. Englewood Cliffs Novae Caesareae: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 9780130968074. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Tillage|arationem}} *[http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/EnvSci_p052.shtml "No-Plow Farmers Save Our Soil."] *[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1145431/Now-farm-help-teach-world-live-oil-says-woman-banished-plastic-bags-town.html "I will teach the world farming without oil."] *[http://www.umequip.com/tillage/primary/zone-builder "Manufacturer of Agricultural Zone Till Subsoiler with Photos."] (Unverferth Equipment). *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210320042234/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/289/ "Illustrated Guide of Tilling and Weaving: Rural Life in China" (1696).] *[http://knowledge.allianz.com/en/globalissues/safety_health/food_water/agriculture_sustainable_farming.html "Sustainable farming."] {{Myrias|Technologia}} [[Categoria:Agricultura]] [[Categoria:Pedologia]]<!--Agricultural soil science]]--> kjkl7w5zkxuddfgjejsz99i8rhsrbqk 0 258604 3958363 3091329 2026-05-04T20:38:16Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958363 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Canterburycathedralthrone.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Cathedra Augustini]], sedes [[archiepiscopus|archiepiscopale]] in [[Cathedralis Cantuariensis|Cathedrali Cantuariensi]] [[Cantia]]e.]] '''Crux Sancti Augustini''' est [[praemium]] ab [[Archiepiscopus Cantuariensis|Archiepiscopo Cantuariensi]] honoris causa concessum. Sociis [[Communio Anglicana|Communionis Anglicanae]] conceditur qui magnas contributiones [[vita]]e communioni mundanae aut certae ecclesiae [[sui iuris]] intra [[Anglicanismus|Anglicanismum]] fecerint.<ref>Vide [http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/articles.php/1229/archbishop-to-award-cross-of-st-augustine hanc relationem]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} in interretiali Archiepiscopi Cantuariensis situ.</ref> Conceditur etiam participibus aliarum [[traditio]]num qui contributionem conspicuam [[oecumenismus|oecumenismo]] fecerint. Praemium, secundum a maximo praemio internationale ministerii causa intra Anglicanismum concessum, ab Archiepiscopo [[Michael Ramsey|Michaele Ramsey]] anno [[1965]] creatum est. ==Nexus interno== *[[Crux Sancti Augustini (monumentum)]] ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> [[Categoria:Religio Anglicana]] [[Categoria:Praemia]]<!--en:Religion-related awards--> ang64pkb6ffvr04kuukj58bz7o3rcz5 0 264063 3958373 3887216 2026-05-04T23:22:40Z LilyKitty 18316 de territorio et lucri petrolei 3958373 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Shat_al-arab-22.JPG|thumb|Šaṭṭ al-ʿArab prope [[Basra]]m]] [[Fasciculus:The_Arab_boatman_brings_the_sailors_ashore.jpg|thumb|[[Portitor]] Arabs in flumine anno 1958]] '''Šaṭṭ al-ʿArab''' ([[Arabice]] شط العرب 'flumen Arabium'), sive '''Arvandrud''' (اروندرود 'flumen celere') est [[flumen]] [[Asia occidentalis|Asiae occidentalis]] fere 200 chiliometra longum, ab [[Euphrates|Euphrate]] et [[Tigris (flumen)|Tigride]] ad oppidum [[al-Qurnah]] confluentibus formatum, in [[Basra Governorate|provincia Basrensi]] [[Iracum|Iracae]] meridianae situm. Meridiana fluminis extremitas, usque ad ostium in [[Sinus Persicus|sinu Persico]], finem inter Iracam et [[Irania]]m constituit. [[Territorium]] fluminis et [[lucrum]] [[petroleum|petrolei]] disputatum una causa fuit [[Primum bellum sinus Persici|Primi belli sinus Persici]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Shatt al-Arab}} {{fontes geographici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170225211521/http://www1.american.edu/ted/ice/iraniraq.htm TED Conflict Studies: Iran-Iraq War and Waterway Claims] {{ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Sinus Persicus]] [[Categoria:Flumina Iracae]] [[Categoria:Systema Tigridis et Euphratis fluminum]] 59gp7vu70d339zj9vl7942vr2q56rsi 0 269502 3958330 3563418 2026-05-04T12:28:51Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958330 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:MQMLL-la.svg|thumb|Hypothesis duorum fontium auctores evangeliorum secundum Matthaeum Lucamque potissimum in Evangelium secundum Marcum inniti postulat, praeterea in collectionem sic dictam sermonum Domini littera "Q" notam.]] '''Collectio sermonum Domini''',<ref>Fons nominis in: [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/pcb_documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19120626_questione-sinottica_lt.html De quaestione synoptica]</ref> a [[critica textualis|criticis textualibus]] '''Q''' nuncupata, textus opinabilis sed non iam servatus appellatur, qui (secundum [[hypothesis duorum fontium|hypothesim duorum fontium]]) medio saeculo I p.C.n. scriptus collectionem dictorum [[Iesus|Iesu]] comprehendisset. Auctores evangeliorum [[evangelium secundum Matthaeum|Matthaei]] et [[evangelium secundum Lucam|Lucae]] hac collectione una cum [[evangelium secundum Marcum|evangelio Marci]] usos esse arbitrantur, ut evangelia sua scriberent. Qua hypothesi similitudines differentiaeque inter tria [[evangelia synoptica]] explicantur. == Nomen "Q" et historia scientiae == Collectio sermonum Domini "Q" nominata est, quod [[Theodisce]] diu "Logienquelle" ("fons dictorum"; "Q" a verbo "Quelle" sumptum) dicta est. [[Fridericus Schleiermacher]] primus e testimonio de [[Liber de verbis Domini|libro de verbis Domini]] a [[Papias|Papia]] scripto coniecit collectionem dictorum [[Iesus|Iesu]] [[Aramaice]] scriptam fontem evangelii secundum Matthaeum fuisse.<ref>Armin D. Baum: Einleitung in das Neue Testament - Evangelien und Apostelgeschichte. Brunnen Verlag, Gießen 2018, ISBN 978-3-765-57715-4, p. 501</ref> Christianus Hermannus Weisse, philosophus [[Lipsia|Lipsiensis]], anno [[1838]] primus Matthaeum et Lucam in locis, quibus concordant, non Marco, sed altero fonte usos esse suspicatus est. Nota „Q“ primo anno [[1890]] apud Ioannem Weiß invenitur, anno [[1899]] a Paulo Wernle in scientiam introductus est, qui pervestigationibus [[Carolus Lachmann|Caroli Lachmann]] innixus est. Ex tunc multae et variae hypotheseis de ea re publicatae, a pluribus etiam collectio sermonum Domini quam optime restituta est. Iacobus M. Robinson et Ioannes S. Kloppenborg anno [[1989]] societatem theologorum "International Q Project" appellatam collectionis sermonum Domini restituendi causa condiderunt. == Critica == An Collectio sermonum Domini revera fuerit, in [[Scientia Biblica|scientia biblica]] adhuc disputatur<ref>vide bibliographiam</ref>. Contra hypothesin duorum fontium hae quaestiones opponuntur: *Quaeritur, quid sit de textibus, qui tantum in evangelio secundum Marcum inveniuntur ( (4,9 % textus sie 549 verba)? *Quaeritur, quare Lucas Mc 6,45 – 8,26 in evangelium suum non receperit (sic dicta "lacuna Lucana") *Quaeritur, quare sint loci, ubi Matthaeus et Lucas contra Marcum concordant (Anglice "minor agreements" dicti). == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == *John S. Kloppenborg: Q, the Earliest Gospel: An Introduction to the Original Stories and Sayings of Jesus. Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville 2008, ISBN 978-0-664-23222-1. * Terence C. Mournet, ''Oral Tradition and Literary Dependency: Variability and Stability in the Synoptic Tradition and Q''. Siebeck: Mohr, 2005. ISBN 978-3-16-148454-4 {{Google Books|IJUy8mw4ZPwC|Paginae selectae}} *Frans Neirynck (ed.): Q-synopsis. The Double Tradition Passages in Greek (= Studiorum Novi Testamenti Auxilia. Vol. 13). University Press, Leuven 1988 (2. ed. amplificata 1995, 2001), ISBN 90-5867-165-8. *James M. Robinson, Paul Hoffmann, John S. Kloppenborg (ed.): The Critical Edition of Q. Synopsis Including the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, Mark and Thomas with English, German, and French Translations of Q and Thomas. Peeters Press, Leuven 2000, ISBN 978-90-429-0926-7 / Fortress Press, Minneapolis 2000, ISBN 978-0-8006-3149-9. ; Scriptores, qui hypothesin abnuunt: *Allan J. McNicol, David L. Dungan, David B. Peabody: Beyond the Q Impasse. Luke's Use of Matthew. A Demonstration by the Research Team of the International Institute for the Renewal of Gospel Studies. Trinity, Philadelphia 1996, ISBN 1-56338-184-2. *Eta Linnemann: Q – das verlorene Evangelium – Fantasie oder Faktum? In: Eta Linnemann: Bibelkritik auf dem Prüfstand. Wie wissenschaftlich ist die „wissenschaftliche Theologie“? Verlag für Theologie und Religionswissenschaft, Nürnberg 1998, ISBN 3-933372-19-4, S. 13–32. *Michael D. Goulder: Self-Contradiction in the IQP. (International Q Project) In: Journal of Biblical Literature. Nr. 118, 1999, ISSN 0021-9231, S. 477–496. *Mark Goodacre: The Case Against Q. Studies in Markan Priority and the Synoptic Problem. Trinity Press, Harrisburg 2002, ISBN 1-56338-334-9. == Nexus externi == *[https://www.bibelwissenschaft.de/wibilex/das-bibellexikon/lexikon/sachwort/anzeigen/details/logienquelle-spruchquelle/ch/8edb3e28be8a246f49525c3c70277d73/#h9 Bibelwissenschaft.de]: Tractatus collectionem sermonum Domini explicans (Thomas Hieke), visum die 04. Octobris 2018. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20201008070647/https://neues-testament.uni-graz.at/de/fwf-projekte-zu-q/internationales-q-projekt/ Das Internationale Q-Projekt] (Christoph Heil), visum die 04. Octobris 2018. *[http://markgoodacre.org/Q/ The Case Against Q] (Mark Goodacre, 2002), visum die 04. Octobris 2018. [[Categoria:Logia]] [[Categoria:Evangelium secundum Matthaeum]] [[Categoria:Evangelium secundum Lucam]] [[Categoria:Libri deperditi]] [[Categoria:Res opinabiles]] 0v4qzluc88qh14tg2203dcz6x0so8pm 0 279087 3958402 3956334 2026-05-05T04:34:29Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958402 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Inca_Expansion.svg|thumb|Expansio regionum Incarum, [[1438]]–[[1533]].]] [[Fasciculus:Sunset across Machu Picchu.jpg|thumb|Despectus in [[Machu Picchu]], coloniam ab Incis exstructam.]] [[Fasciculus:La Independencia del Perú.jpg|thumb|[[Iosephus Sancti Martini|Iosephus de San Martín]] [[libertas|libertatem]] Peruvianam [[Lima]]e die [[28 Iulii]] [[1821]] pronuntiat. [[Pictura]] [[Ioannes Lepiani|Ioannis Lepiani]].]] [[Fasciculus:Batalla en guerra del Pacifico (1879-1883).png|thumb|Expeditio Sierra, per Bellum Pacificum, 1882–1883. [[Pictura]] Ludovici Ferdinandi Rojas.]] [[Fasciculus:Borders Chile 1879 and 2006 SP.png|thumb|Terrae a [[Tsilia]] Bello Pacifico captae.]] {{res|Historia Peruviae}] quattuor [[millennium|millennia]] comprehendit, quae per nonnulla [[evolutio culturalis|evolutionis culturalis]] tempora in [[mons|montanis]] [[Andes|Andium]] [[regio]]ne [[lacus|lacubusque]] retro extenditur. E [[Peruvia]] orti sunt [[Cultus Caralensis]], veterrima [[civilizatio]] in [[America]] et una e sex veterrimis [[tellus|orbis terrarum]] [[cultura|culturis]] notis, atque [[Imperium Incarum]], maxima et provectissima [[civitas sui iuris]] in [[America praecolumbiana]]. Quod [[imperium]] vicissim ab [[Imperium Hispanicum|Imperio Hispanico]] [[saeculum 16|saeculo sexto decimo]] victa est, [[Viceregnum Peruvianum|viceregnum]] constituens ut plurimo suae dicionis in [[America Australis|America Australi]] imperaret. [[Civitas (ius civium)|Cives]] autem [[libertas|libertatem]] ab [[Hispania]] anno [[1821]] declaraverunt, sed [[res publica|rem publicam]] stabilierunt solum [[Proelium Ayacuchense|proelio Ayacuchensi]] confecto, tres annos post. == Peruvia antiqua == Prima humanae praesentiae indicia in terra Peruviana a fere anno [[9000 a.C.n.]] originem trahunt. [[Caral Civilizatio|Civilizatio Caralensis]], antiquissima nota [[societas humana|societas]] multiplex in Peruvia et quidem in [[America]], iuxta [[Oceanus Pacificus|Oceanum Pacificum]] inter annos 3000 et 1800 a.C.n. [[floruit]]. Has primas [[evolutio culturalis|evolutiones]] [[archaeologia|archaeologicae]] [[cultura]]e secutae sunt, inter quas [[Chavin]]ensis, [[Cultura Paracarum|Paracensis]], [[Cultura Mochica|Mochica]], [[Cultura Nazcae|Nazcensis]], [[Tihuanacum|Tihuanaca]], [[Cultura Huariensis|Huariensis]], et [[Cultura Chimuensis|Chimuensis]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Chavín, Paracas, Moche, Nazca, Tihuanaco, Huari,'' et ''Chimú,'' proprie) excellunt. Hae gentes faciebant opera ex [[aurum|auro]] et [[argentum|argento]]. Postea in dominationem Imperii Incarum veniebant. == Imperium Incarum == {{Vide-etiam|Imperium Incarum}} [[Saeculum 15|Saeculo quinto decimo]], [[Imperium Incarum|Incae]] velut potens imperium emersere, antequam Hispanii id ceperunt. Creaverunt maximum imperium in [[America Meridionalis|America Meridionali]] [[America praecolumbiana|Praecolumbiana]]. Caput Imperium Incarum fuit [[Cuscum]]. Imperium Incarum [[Tahuantisuiu]] ([[linguá Quechua]] ''Tawantinsuyu'') nuncupatur. Sua territoria fuerunt [[Aequatoria]], [[Columbia]], [[Chilia]], [[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]], et pars Amazonii Nemi. Imperium Incarum divisum est in dominia [[Hispanice]] ''señoríos''), cum societate divisa etiam in classibus. Imperator titulum [[Sapa Inca|Sapae Incae]] habebat. Nomen ''Incae'' significat 'dei in Terra'. [[Sacsayhuaman]] fuit sedes imperii [[Cuscum|Cusci]]. [[Tahuantinsuiu]] divisum est in [[suiu]]a (districtus): [[Chinchasuiu]], [[Antisuiu]], [[Contisuiu]], et [[Collasuiu]]. [[Lingua Quechica|Quechica]] fuit lingua imperii. [[Andes|Antisenses]] societates in [[agricultura]] fundabantur, technicis velut [[irrigatio]]nis et [[aggestus|aggestis]] utentes; [[Camelidae|camelidarum]] [[ctenotrophia]] et piscatus quoque ponderis erant. Structura socialis [[reciprocitas|reciprocitate]] et [[redistributio]]ne nitebatur, quia hae societates nullam [[mercatus]] aut pecuniae notionem habebant. === Viceregnum Peruvianum === {{Vide-etiam|Viceregnum Peruvianum}} Anno [[1532]], [[Conquisitatores Hispani|conquisitatorum]] circulus a [[Franciscus Pizardus|Francisco Pizardo]] ductus {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Atabalipa|Atabalipam|es|qid=Q179577}} [[Imperium Incarum|imperatorem Incarum]] vicit et cepit.<ref>https://historiahoy.com.ar/encuentro-cajamarca-pizarro-captura-atahualpa-n1371/</ref><ref>https://www.deperu.com/calendario/1484/captura-del-inca-atahualpa-en-cajamarca</ref> Pizardus [[aurum]] et [[argentum]] pro liberatione Incae poposcit, et quamquam ille auri plenum conclave et duo conclavia argenti usque ad attigendorum Atabalipae bracchiorum accepit, hic [[poena capitalis|supplicio affectus est]], Pizardusque [[Tahuantisuiu]] cepit, et [[Hispania|Hispanicum]] dominium imposuit. Decem annos postea, rex Hispanicus Viceregnum Peruvianum statuit, omnes [[colonia]]s [[America Australis|Austramericanas]] comprehendens. Vicerex [[Franciscus Toletanus]] ad novam rationem nationem annis a [[1570]] ad [[1579]], cum argentariis velut praecipua oeconomica activitate{{dubsig}} et cum [[Amerindi]]s sicut prima [[mita|vi laborali]] redegit. Peruvianum aurum argentumque infectum reditus Coronae Hispanicae suppeditavit et complexam reticulationem [[commercium|commercialem]] quae ex [[Europa]] in [[Philippinae|Philippinas]] patuit propulit. Attamen, [[saeculum 18|saeculo duodevicensimo]], deflorescens argenti productio et oeconomica diversificatio regales reditus valde deminuit. Velut responsum, rex [[Reformationes Burbonicae|Reformationes Burbonicas]], edictorum seriem quae vectigalia auxerunt et Viceregnum Peruvianum sciderunt, tulit. Novae [[lex|leges]] [[Tupacus Amarus|Tupaci Amari]] rebellionem et alias seditiones provocavere, quae omnes victae sunt. === Res publica Peruviae === [[Fasciculus:Angamos.jpg|thumb|[[Proelium Angamense]] ([[Hispanice]]: ''Batalla de Angamos''), decretorium proelium per [[bellum Pacifici]].]] Ineunte [[saeculum 19|saeculo XIX]], dum maxima Americae Meridionalis pars [[bella libertatis Americae Hispanicae|bellis libertatis]] convolvebatur, Peruvia arcem regalisticam mansit. Quia electa hominum manus inter libertatem et fidelitatem Hispanicae Monarchiae dubitabat, die [[28 Iulii]] [[1821]], [[libertas|libertatem]] adsecuta est post militares [[Iosephus Sancti Martini|Iosephi Sancti Martini]] et [[Simon Bolívar|Simonis Bolívar]] expeditiones. Per ineuntes Reipublicae annos, endemicae pugnae pro potestate inter militares ductores politicam instabiliatem attulere. Nationalis identitas per hanc periodon procusa est, ubi Bolivariana proposita velut [[Congressus Panamae|Confoederatio Americae Latinae]] defecerunt et [[Confoederatio Peruviano-Boliviana|unio cum Bolivia]] evanida monstrata est. Inter annos fere a [[1840]] ad [[1870]] Peruvia [[Aera Guani (Peruvia)|stabilitatis perihodo]] fructa est, praeside [[Ramón Castilla|Raimundo Castilla]], per quo civitas suos reditus ob [[guanum|guani]] exportationem auxit. Nihilominus, per annos a [[1870]] ad [[1880]], hae opes absumptae erant, civitati multa debita erant, politicaeque pugnae denuo surrexerunt. Peruvia a [[Chilia|Chiliensibus]] inter annos [[1879]] et [[1883]] in [[bellum Pacifici|bello Pacifici]] victa est, ubi [[Provincia Arica|Aricae]] et [[Regio Tarapacensis|Tarapăcae]] provincias in [[Foedus Anconense|Foederibus Anconensi]] [[Foedus Limae|Limensique]] foederibus perdidit. Intestinas pugnas post bellum stabilitatis periodon sub [[Factio Civilis (Peruvia)|Factione Civili]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Partido Civil'') sequebatur, quae usque ad [[Augustus B. Leguía y Salcedo|Augusti B. Leguía y Salcedo]] auctoritarii regiminis adventum duravit. [[Depressio oeconomica magna|Depressio magna]] Augusti Leguía lapsum, renovatam politicam turbam et [[foedus populare revolutionarium Americanum]] (Hispanice ''Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana'') fecit. Certamen inter hanc societatem et electae hominum manus militaremque coalitionem Peruvianam civilitatem per proxima tria decennia definivit. Anno [[1968]] vires armatae, ab [[Ioannes Velasco Alvarado|Ioanne Velasco Alvarado]] generali ductae, [[subitanea rerum conversio|subitaneam conversionem]] contra praesidem [[Fernandus Belaúnde Terry|Fernandum Belaúnde Terry]] perfecerunt. Novum regimen novarum rerum reformationes suscepit, quarum proposita evolutioni fovere erant, sed consequendo amplo favore cecidit. Anno [[1975]], Ioannes Velasco coacte a Generali [[Franciscus Morales Bermúdez|Francisco Morales Bermúdez]] dismissus est, qui reformationes debilitaverat et democraticae restitutioni praesiderat. Per annos a [[1980]] ad [[1990]], Peruvia magnum debitum externum, [[inflatio]]nem semper crescentem, medicamentorum negotii furtivi apparitionem, et [[Conflictus intestinus Peruvianus|massivam politicam violentiam]] oppetebat. Fere 70&thinsp;000 hominum per conflictum inter civitatis vires et [[Maoismus|Maoisticos]] [[Semita Luminosa|Semitae Luminosae]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Sendero Luminoso'') bellatores clandestinos perierunt. Inter annos [[1990]] et [[2000]], praeside [[Albertus Fujimori|Alberto Fujimori]], respublica recuperari coepit; nihilominus, [[auctoritarismus|auctoritarismi]], corruptionis, humanorum iurum violationum accusationes eius abdicationem post controversa [[Comitia Generalia Peruviana (2000)|anni 2000 comitia]] coegit. E Fujimoriani regiminis fine, Peruvia contra corruptionem pugnare conata est, interea oeconomico incremento servando; ex anno [[2006]], praeses est [[Alanus Garcia Perez|Alanus García Pérez]] a die [[28 Iulii]] [[2011]] [[Ollanta Humala]]. {{NexInt}} *[[Historia Americae]] *[[Historia Americae Australis]] *[[Historia Americae Latinae]] *[[Franciscus Pizardus]] == Notae == <references/> ==Bibliographia== ===Generalia=== * Dobyns, Henry F., et Paul L. Doughty. [[1976]]. ''Peru: A cultural history.'' Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press. * Higgins, James. [[1987]]. ''A History of Peruvian literature.'' Francis Cairns. * Higgins, James. [[2006]]. ''Historia de la literatura peruana.'' Limae: Universidad Ricardo Palma, Editorial Universitaria. ISBN 9972236129, ISBN 9789972236129. * Werlich, David P. [[1978]]. ''Peru: a short history.'' Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 0809308304. ===Victoria=== * Cieza de León, Pedro de. [[1998]]. ''The Discovery and Conquest of Peru: Chronicles of the New World Encounter.'' Ed. et conversus ab Alexandra Parma Cook et David Noble Cook. Durham: Duke University Press. * Hemming, John. [[1970]]. ''The Conquest of the Incas.'' Novi Eboraci: Harcourt Brace Janovich. * Lockhart, James. [[1972]]. ''The Men of Cajamarca; a social and biographical study of the first conquerors of Peru.'' Austin: Institute of Latin American Studies, University of Texas Press. * Yupanqui, Titu Cusi. [[2005]]. ''An Inca Account of the Conquest of Peru.'' Conv. Ralph Bauer. Boulder: University Press of Colorado. ===Aetas colonica=== * Andrien, Kenneth J. [[1985]]. ''Crisis and Decline: The Viceroyalty of Peru in the Seventeenth Century.'' Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. * Andrien, Kenneth J. [[2001]]. ''Andean Worlds: Indigenous History, Culture, and Consciousness under Spanish Rule, 1532–1825.'' Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. * Bakewell, Peter J. [[1988]]. ''Silver and Entrepreneurship in Seventeenth-Century Potosí: The Life and times of Antonio López de Quiroga.'' Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. * Baker, Geoffrey. [[2008]]. ''Imposing Harmony: Music and Society in Colonial Cuzco''. Durham: Duke University Press. * Bowser, Frederick P. [[1973]]. ''The African Slave in Colonial Peru, 1524–1650.'' Stanfordiae: Stanford University Press. * Bradley, Peter T. [[1989]]. ''The Lure of Peru: Maritime Intrusion into the South Sea, 1598–1701.'' Novi Eboraci: St. Martin's Press. * Bradley, Peter T. [[1992]]. ''Society, Economy, and Defence in Seventeenth-Century Peru: The Administration of the Count of Alba de Liste (1655–61).'' Liverpoliae: Institute of Latin American Studies, University of Liverpool. * Burns, Kathryn. [[1999]]. ''Colonial Habits: Convents and the Spiritual Economy of Cuzco, Peru.'' * Cahill, David. [[2002]]. ''From Rebellion to Independence in the Andes: Soundings from Southern Peru, 1750–1830.'' Amstelodami: Aksant. * Chambers, Sarah C. [[1999]]. ''From Subjects to Citizens: Honor, Gender, and Politics in Arequipa, Peru, 1780–1854.'' University Park: Penn State Press. * Charnay, Paul. [[2001]]. ''Indian Society in the Valley of Lima, Peru, 1532–1824.'' Blue Ridge Summit: University Press of America. * Dean, Carolyn. [[1999]]. ''Inka Bodies and the Body of Christ: Corpus Christi in Colonial Cuzco, Peru.'' Durham: Duke University Press. * Fisher, John. [[2003]]. ''Bourbon Peru, 1750–1824.'' Liverpoliae: Liverpool University Press. * Fisher, John R., Allan J. Kuethe, et Anthony McFarlane, eds. [[2003]]. ''Reform and Insurrection in Bourbon New Granada and Peru.'' Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. * Garrett, David T. [[2005]]. ''Shadows of Empire: The Indian Nobility of Cusco, 1750–1825.'' Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 052184634X. * Griffiths, Nicholas. [[1996]]. ''The Cross and the Serpent: Religious Repression and Resurgence in Colonial Peru.'' Normanniae: University of Oklahoma Press. * Hyland, Sabine. [[2003]]. ''The Jesuit and the Incas: The Extraordinary Life of Padre Blas Valera, S.J.'' Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. * Jacobsen, Nils. [[1996]]. ''Mirages of Transition: The Peruvian Altiplano, 1780–1930.'' Berkeleiae: University of California Press. ISBN 0520079388. ISBN 0520082915. * Lamana, Gonzalo. [[2008]]. ''Domination Without Dominance: Inca-Spanish Relations in Early Colonial Peru.'' Durham: Duke University Press. * Lockhart, James. [[1968]]. ''Spanish Peru, 1532–1560: A Social History.'' * MacCormack, Sabine. [[1991]]. ''Religion in the Andes: Vision and Imagination in Colonial Peru.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press. * Mangan, Jane E. [[2005]]. ''Trading Roles: Gender, Ethnicity, and the Urban Economy in Colonial Potosí.'' Durham: Duke University Press. * Marks, Patricia. [[2007]]. ''Deconstructing Legitimacy: Viceroys, Merchants, and the Military in Late Colonial Peru.'' University Park: Penn State Press. * Means, Philip Ainsworth. (1933) [[1964]]. ''Fall of the Inca Empire and the Spanish Rule in Peru: 1530–1780.'' Novi Eboraci: Gordian Press. * Miller, Robert Ryal, ed. [[1975]]. ''Chronicle of Colonial Lima: The Diary of Joseph and Francisco Mugaburu, 1640–1697.'' Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. * Mills, Kenneth. [[1997]]. ''Idolatry and Its Enemies: Colonial Andean Religion and Extirpation, 1640–1750.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press. * Osorio, Alejandra B. [[2008]]. ''Inventing Lima: Baroque Modernity in Peru's South Sea Metropolis.'' Novi Eboraci: Palgrave. * Poma de Ayala, Felipe Guaman. [[2009]]. ''The First New Chronicle and Good Government: On the History of the World and the Incas up to 1615.'' Ed. et conv. Roland Hamilton. Austin: University of Texas Press. * Porras Barrenechea, Raúl. [[2016]]. ''El nombre del Perú.'' Limae: Lápix editores. ISBN 9786124722110. * Premo, Bianca. [[2005]]. ''Children of the Father King: Youth, Authority, and Legal Minority in Colonial Lima.'' Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. * Ramírez, Susan Elizabeth. [[1996]]. ''The World Turned Upside Down: Cross-Cultural Contact and Conflict in Sixteenth-Century Peru.'' Stanfordiae: Stanford University Press. * Serulnikov, Sergio. [[2003]]. ''Subverting Colonial Authority: Challenges to Spanish Rule in Eighteenth-Century Southern Andes.'' Durham: Duke University Press. * Spalding, Karen. [[1984]]. ''Huarochirí: An Andean Society Under Inca and Spanish Rule.'' Stanfordiae: Stanford University Press. * Stavig, Ward. [[1999]]. ''The World of Tupac Amaru: Conflict, Community, and Identity in Colonial Peru.'' Lincolniae: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0803242719, ISBN 0803292554. * Tandeter, Enrique. [[1993]]. ''Coercion and Market: Silver Mining in Colonial Potosí, 1692–1826.'' Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. * TePaske, John J., ed. et conv. [[1978]]. ''Discourse and Political Reflections on the Kingdom of Peru by Jorge Juan and Antonio Ulloa.'' Normanniae: University of Oklahoma Press. * Thomson, Sinclair. [[2003]]. ''We Alone Will Rule: Native Andean Politics in the Age of Insurgency.'' Madisoniae: University of Wisconsin Press. * Van Deusen, Nancy E. [[2001]]. ''Between the Sacred and the Worldly: the Institutional and Cultural Practice of Recogimiento in Colonial Lima.'' Stanfordiae: Stanford University Press. * Varón Gabai, Rafael. [[1997]]. ''Francisco Pizarro and His Brothers: The Illusion of Power in Sixteenth-Century Peru.'' Conv. Javier Flores Espinosa. Normanniae: University of Oklahoma Press. * Walker, Charles F. [[2008]]. ''Shaky Colonialism: The 1746 Earthquake-Tsunami in Lima, Peru, and Its Long Aftermath.'' Stay. * Wightman, Ann M. [[1990]]. ''Indigenous Migration and Social Change: The Forasteros of Cuzco, 1570–1720.'' Durham: Duke University Press. ===Aetas post libertatem assecutam=== * Blanchard, Peter. [[1992]]. ''Slavery and Abolition in Early Republican Peru.'' Vilmingtoniae: Scholarly Resources. * Bonilla, Heraclio. [[178]]. The War of the Pacific and the national and colonial problem in Peru. ''Past & Present'' 81 (1): 92–118. * Cueto, Marcos. [[2001]]. ''The return of epidemics: health and society in Peru during the twentieth century.'' Ashgate. * Hünefeldt, Christine. [[194]]. ''Paying the Price of Freedom: Family and Labor Among Lima's Slaves, 1800–1854.'' Conv. Alexandra Minna Stern. Berkeleiae et Angelopoli: University of California Press. * Kenney, Charles Dennison. [[2004]]. ''Fujimori's coup and the breakdown of democracy in Latin America.'' University of Notre Dame Press. * Larson, Brooke. [[2004]]. ''Trials of Nation Making: Liberalism, Race, and Ethnicity in the Andes, 1810–1910.'' Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press. * Méndez G., Cecilia. [[2005]]. ''The plebeian republic: the Huanta rebellion and the making of the Peruvian state, 1820–1850.'' Durham: Duke University Press. * Miller, Rory. [[1987]]. ''Region and Class in Modern Peruvian History.'' Liverpoliae: Institute of Latin American Studies, Unhiversity of Liverpool * Pike, Frederick B. [[1967]]. ''The Modern History of Peru.'' Londii: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. *Starn, Orin. [[1995]]. Maoism in the Andes: The Communist Party of Peru-Shining Path and the refusal of history. ''Journal of Latin American Studies'' 27 (2): 399–421. * Walker, Charles F. [[1999]]. ''Smoldering Ashes: Cuzco and the Creation of Republican Peru, 1780–1840.'' Durham: Duke University Press. ===Historica oeconomica et laboris=== * De Secada, C. Alexander G. [[1985]]. Arms, guano, and shipping: the WR Grace interests in Peru, 1865–1885. ''Business History Review'' 59 (4): 597–621. * Drake, Paul. [[1994]]. International Crises and Popular Movements in Latin America: Chile and Peru from the Great Depression to the Cold War. In ''Latin America in the 1940s,'' ed. David Rock, 109-140. Berkeleiae et Angelopoli: University of California Press. * Gootenberg, Paul. [[1989]]. ''Between silver and guano: commercial policy and the state in postindependence Peru.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press. * Gootenberg, Paul. [[2008]]. ''Andean cocaine: the making of a global drug.'' Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.*Greenhill, Robert G., et Rory M. Miller. [[1973]]. The Peruvian Government and the nitrate trade, 1873–1879. ''Journal of Latin American Studies'' 5(1): 107–131. * Keith, Robert G. [[1979]]. ''Conquest and Agrarian Change: The Emergence of the Hacienda System on the Peruvian Coast.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674162935. * Peloso, Vincent C. [[1999]]. ''Peasants on Plantations: Subaltern Strategies of Labor and Resistance in the Pisco Valley, Peru.'' Duke University Press. * Purser, Michael, et W. F. C. Purser. [[1971]]. ''Metal-mining in Peru, past and present.'' Novi Eboraci: Praeger Publishers. * Quiroz, Alfonso W. [[1993]]. ''Domestic and foreign finance in modern Peru, 1850–1950: financing visions of development.'' Pittsburgi: University of Pittsburgh Press. * Stewart, Watt. [[1946]]. ''Henry Meiggs: Yankee Pizarro.'' Durham Carolinae Septentrionalis: Duke University Press. ===Fontes primarii=== *Higgins, James, ed. [[2014]]. [https://sites.google.com/site/jhemanperu ''The Emancipation of Peru: British Eyewitness Accounts.''] ===Historiographia=== *Bonilla, Heraclio. [[1981]]. The New Profile of Peruvian History. ''Latin American Research Review'' 16(3): 210–24. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2502930 JSTOR.] *Fryer, Darcy R. [[2015]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205837/http://www.common-place.org/vol-15/no-02/school/#.VP9lmV17Rk0 A Taste of Spanish America: Reading Suggestions for Teachers of Colonial North America.] ''Common-Place'' 15(2). *Heilman, Jaymie Patricia. [[2011]]. From the Inca to the Bourbons: New writings on pre-colonial and colonial Peru. ''Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History'' 12(3). [[doi:10.1353/cch.2011.0030]]. *Restall, Matthew. [[2003]]. ''Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195160770. *Thurner, Mark. [[2010]]. ''History's Peru: The Poetics of Colonial and Postcolonial Historiography.'' Gainesville: University Press of Florida [https://muse.jhu.edu/book/17492 Textus interretialis.] ==Nexus externi== *[http://www.machupicchu.info De Machu Picchu: data, photographemata, tabulae.] *[https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35762.htm De Peruvia.] US State Department Background Note. *[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Peru.htm "World Statesmen."] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20061203004240/http://skylightpictures.com/film/site/film_detail/state_of_fear/ ''State of Fear.''] [[Pellicula documentaria]] de bellum contra terrorem. *[http://www.wdl.org/en/item/235 ''An Account of a Voyage up the River de la Plata, and Thence over Land to Peru: With Observations on the Inhabitants, as Well as Indians and Spaniards, the Cities, Commerce, Fertility, and Riches of That Part of America'']{{Nexus deficit|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (1698). ==Pinacotheca== <gallery> PeruCaral01.jpg|[[Pyramis|Pyramides]] [[Cultus Caralensis]] in Supe, [[vallis|valle]] arida, 20 fere [[chiliometrum|chiliometra]] a [[litus|litore]] [[Oceanus Pacificus|Pacifico]]. Chavinmuseolarco.jpg|Diadema [[aurum|aureum]] [[Cultura Chavín|culturae Chavinensis]]<!-- [[Cultural periods of Peru|Formative Epoch]]-->, annis [[1200 a.C.n.|1200]]-[[300 a.C.n.]] [[Museum Larco]] Limae. Líneas de Nazca, Nazca, Perú, 2015-07-29, DD 55.JPG|''[[Vultur gryphus]]'' [[lineae Nazcenses|lineis Nazcensibus]] a [[cultura Nazcensis|cultura Nazcensi]] factus. Condormuseolarco.jpg|[[Cultura Mochensis]] [[fictilia]] notabilia produxit, hic ''[[Vultur gryphus|Vulturem gryphum]] anno [[300]] fere. Ruinas-soloco chachapoyas amazonas peru.jpg|Moenia arcis Soloco [[cultura Chachapoyas|culturae Chachapoyas]]. Piquillacta Archaeological site - street.jpg|Sedes administrationis Pikillaqta, a [[cultura Wari]]ensi [[Cuschum|Cusci]] in loco. Vasija chimú caballito de totora (M. América 10788) 01.jpg|Vas [[Chimú]] [[piscator]]em in [[caballitos de totora]] ([[1100]]–[[1400]]) repraesentans. Map_of_Wari_and_Tiawaku.svg|[[Tiuanacu]] et [[cultura Wariensis culture]] ad culmen circa annum [[950]]. </gallery> [[Categoria:Historia Peruviae| ]] {{Myrias|Historia}} 321zvew45l5ts7c5b726seerrm3c5dm 118 282079 3958332 3958151 2026-05-04T12:49:45Z Archaeocursor 206441 /* Saeptum Nationale Ascalonense */ 3958332 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Adumbratio}}</noinclude>{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:93439_marina_ashkelon_PikiWiki_Israel.jpg|thumb]] {{res|Ascalon}} ([[Hebraice]] אַשְׁקְלוֹן) est [[urbs]] in [[Israël]]e sita. Quae urbs primum condita esse abhinc annorum decem milia dicitur. [[Portus|Portum]] habebat, unde [[merx|merces]] et inferebantur et exportabantur.<ref>{{Opus | titulus = "העבר של אשקלון הוא הנשמה שלה, ועדות לכל מה שהיא מסמלת" | lingua = he | domus editoria = The Marker | url = https://www.themarker.com/labels/ashkelon/2022-09-22/ty-article-labels/00000183-6525-dd85-a9f3-67bfe3d00000 }}.</ref> Ascalon una ex quinque urbibus [[Philistaei|Philistaeorum]] est quae in [[Liber Iosue|libro Iosue]] 13:3 memorantur.<ref>{{Opus | titulus = Ascalon | domus editoria = New Advent | url = https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01766b.htm }}.</ref> Urbs autem hodierna anno [[1948]] condita est.<ref>{{Opus | titulus = היסטוריה ותרבות באשקלון – כשישן וחדש נפגשים | domus editoria = אלדן | url = https://www.eldan.co.il/magazine/carrental/rentcarashkelon/history-ashkelon# }}.</ref> Anno [[2020]] circiter 146&thinsp;500 homines ibi habitabant.<ref>{{Opus | titulus = אשקלון | lingua = he | domus editoria = הלשקה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה | url = https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2022/local_authorities20_1879/58_7100.pdf }}.</ref> == Historia == === Historia antiqua === {{Paginae principales|Ascalon (urbs antiqua)}} [[Fasciculus:Ashkelon – The Canaanite city gate and ramparts.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Ascalonis Chananaeae porta.]] Urbs [[Chanaan|Chananaea]] [[Saeculum 20 a.C.n.|saeculo vicensimo a.C.n.]] condita est, longitudine 1100 metrorum et latitudine 600 metrorum, moenibus quindecim metra altis circumdata.<ref name="BibleWalks">{{Opus | titulus = Tel Ashkelon | domus editoria = Bible Walks | url = https://www.biblewalks.com/ashkelon/ }}.</ref> Primum memorantur Ascalon in textibus execrationis [[Aegyptus|Aegyptiis]] quae ad {{Creanda|en|Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt|Domus Aegypti 11|undecimam dynastiam}} referuntur, et per dynastias {{Creanda|en|Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt|Domus Aegypti 18|XVIII}} ad XX fortasse urbs Chananaea Aegyptiorum imperio subiecta erat. Anno [[1280 a.C.n.]], frustra Ascalon contra [[Rhamses II|Ramsem II]] rebellavit. Anno [[1229 a.C.n.]], urbs ab [[Amenephthis|Amenephthe]] [[Pharao]]ne rursus capta est.<ref name="JewishLibrary">{{Opus | titulus = Ashkelon | domus editoria = Jewish Virtual Library | url = https://jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ashkelon }}.</ref> Ascalon a [[Tribus Iudae|tribu Iudae]] capta est:<ref name="BibleWalks"/> <blockquote>Cepitque Iudas [[Gaza]]m cum finibus suis et Ascalonem atque Accaron cum terminis suis. (Iudicum 1:18).<ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.vatican.va/archive/bible/nova_vulgata/documents/nova-vulgata_vt_iudicum_lt.html | titulus= Nova Vulgata LIBER IUDICUM | domus editoria= Vatican}}.</ref></blockquote> [[Saeculum 12 a.C.n.|Saeculo duodecimo a.C.n.]], urbs a [[Philistae]]is capta est. Ascalon saepe in [[narratio]]nibus de [[Samson]]e in [[Biblia|Bibliis]] commemoratur. Quae urbs tempore {{Creanda|en|Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)|Regnum Israeliticum (monarchia unita)|monarchiae Israeliticae}} adhuc erat Philistaeorum una ex praecipuis urbibus.<ref name="JewishLibrary"/> [[Saul (Rex)|Saul]], Israëlis Rex primus, Philistinos Philistinos vicit et multas urbes cepit. Rex ipse in proelio cecidit, [[David]]que lugens eos versiculos recitavit:<ref name="BibleWalks"/> <blockquote>Incliti, o Israel, super montes tuos interfecti, quomodo ceciderunt fortes! Nolite annuntiare in Geth neque annuntietis in compitis Ascalonis, ne forte laetentur filiae Philisthim, ne exsultent filiae incircumcisorum. (II Samuelis 1:19-20),<ref>{{opus |titulus=Nova Vulgata LIBER SECUNDUS SAMUELIS |domus editoria= Vatican | url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/bible/nova_vulgata/documents/nova-vulgata_vt_ii-samuelis_lt.html}}.</ref></blockquote> Ascalonem punitum iri preaedixerunt prophetae [[Ieremias]], [[Amos (propheta)|Amos]], [[Sophonias]], et [[Zacharias (propheta)|Zacharias]].<ref name="BibleWalks"/> [[Saeculum 18 a.C.n.|Saeculo duodevicensimo a.C.n.]] a regno Ascalonis multas terras a regno expugnavit [[Assyria]], et Anno [[734 a.C.n.]] urbs a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Tiglatpileser III|Tiglatpilesero III|en|qid=Q210074}} capta est. Anno [[732 a.C.n.]] Rex Ascalonis frustra contra Assyrios rebellavit, propter quod urbs graviter punita est. [[Rex Sidqia]] postea participavit in alia rebellione contra Assyriam, duce [[Ezechias|Ezechia]]. Apud [[Sennacherib]], urbes Sidqiae prope [[Iappa|Iappam]] captae sunt, et Ascalon ipse se dedidit, cuius rex exsulatus est. Tributum quod Ascalon reddidit in inscriptionibus principum Esarhaddon et Assurbanipal memoratur, qui urbem fine [[Saeculum 7 a.C.n.|saeculi 7]] et initio [[Saeculum 6 a.C.n.|sexto a.C.n.]] ad [[Aegyptus antiqua|Aegyptum]] pugnandum adhibuit. De calamitatibus quas urbs sufferebat scripserunt prophetae biblici.<ref name="JewishLibrary"/> Cum imperium Assyriorum caderet, Aegyptus urbem occupavit. Anno [[604 a.C.n.]], Ascalon a [[Nabuchodonosor II|Nabuchodonosore]] deleta est, qui multos cives urbis exsulavit, quo facto sexcentorum annorum praesentiae Philistaeorum in Israele finis impositus est. Munitiones Ascalonis post Babylonicam excidionem non reaedificatae sunt.<ref name="JewishLibrary"/><ref name="BibleWalks"/> Sub [[Imperium Achaemenidarum|imperio Persarum]], quod Ascalonem a Babyloniis cepit, Iudaeis [[Ierusalem]] redire licuit, sed Ascalon tum pars provinciae Iudaeae non fuit. In Ascalone ceterisque urbibus Philistaeorum, habitabant [[Phoenices]], et ipsa Ascalon [[Tyros|Tyriorum]] dicioni parebat. Id urbi magnas divitias attulit. [[Archaeologus|Archaeologi]] in Ascalone magnum [[Ascalonis Canum Coemeterium|canum coemeterium]] invenerunt, quod ad ritum Phoenicum pertinebat. In eo coemeterio plus quam mille [[Canis|canes]] erant.<ref name="BibleWalks"/> [[Alexander Magnus|Alexandro Magno]] Ascalon se anno [[332 a.C.n.]] dedit, neque, ut [[Gaza]], laesa est.<ref name="BibleWalks"/> Post divisionem imperii [[Alexander Magnus|Alexandri]], Ascalon in [[Regnum Ptolemaicum|regno Ptolemaico]] erat, et urbs sui iuris facta est. Tum [[Iudaei]] in Ascalone [[floruit|floruerunt]]. Urbs deinde ab [[Antiochus III|Antiocho III]] capta sedes [[Cultura Graeca|culturae Graecae]] magni momenti facta est. Propter imminutam potentiam [[Seleucidae|Seleucidarum]], Anno [[104 a.C.n.]] Ascalon rursus in [[libertas|libertatem]] se recepit. Reges {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Hyrcanus|Ioannes Hyrcanus|en|he|qid=Q319043}} et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Alexander Jannaeus|Alexander Jannaeus|en|he|qid=Q319107}} ex [[Hasmonaei|genere Hasmonaeorum]] urbem capere frustra conati sunt.<ref name="JewishLibrary"/> [[Fasciculus:Ask NTL PARK.jpg|thumb|Columnae Romanae in Saepto Nationali Ascalonis.]] [[Imperium Romanum|Aetate Romana]], Colonia Ascalonensis liberate et foederata fuit. In urbe [[Paganismus|pagani]] [[Apollo|Apollinem]], [[Hercules|Herculem]], et [[Atargatis|Atargatidem]] venerati sunt, deam facie et parte superiore corporis muliebri, parte inferiore corporis et cauda piscis. [[Herodes Magnus|Herodes]], quamquam urbem non regebat, fora tamen ibi atque balnea publica hortosque exstruxit, fortasse quod ibi natus erat. In [[Primum Bellum Iudaicum|primo bello Iudaico]], Ascalon Iudaeos aggressus, victor exiit.<ref name="JewishLibrary"/> Tempore [[Misna]] et [[Talmud]], [[Iudaei]] in urbe degere soliti sunt, quarum [[Synagoga|synagogas]] [[Synagoga|archeologi]] invenerunt. In Talmude de [[Arbustum|pomariis]], quae reditus e [[Babylonia]] prope Ascalonem fundaverunt, legitur.<ref name="JewishLibrary"/> [[Aetas Byzantina|Aetate Byzantina]], urbs [[Religio Christiana|Christiana]] facta est. Ascalon sedes commercii [[vinum|vini]] optimi et [[frumentum|frumenti]] erat.<ref name="BibleWalks"/> [[Vinum]] ex Ascalone illo tempore in [[Anglia]] repertum est.<ref>{{Opus | url= https://cbnisrael.org/2024/10/15/biblical-israel-ashkelon-4/ | titulus= Biblical Israel: Ashkelon | cognomen auctoris= Turnage | nomen auctoris= Marc | tempus=15-10-2024 | domus editoria=CBN Israel}}.</ref> === Medium Aevum === Anno [[637]] Ascalon ab Arabibus capta atque deleta est. Anno [[685]] urbs restituta est, in qua iam et [[Christianus|Christiani]] et [[Iudaei]] et [[Samaritani]] et [[Musulmanus|Musulmani]] habitabant. Inter religiones interdum erant conflictus, propter quos ecclesia in urbe anno [[937]] combusta est.<ref name="BibleWalks"/> [[Fasciculus:Battle of Ascalon-engraving.jpg | thumb | Pugna Ascalonis]] Cum [[Regnum Hierosolymitanum]] a [[Expeditio sacra|crucesignatis]] conditum esset, urbs inter Christianos et Musulmanos finis facta est. Diu exercitus circa urbem pugnaverunt, et anno [[1099]] [[Pugna Ascalonis|pugna Ascalonis]] committeretur. Crucesignati Ascalonem aliquandiu teneuerunt, deinde ad [[Oriens|orientem]] se receperunt. Ab anno [[1101]] ad annum [[1114]] Aegyptii terram sanctam capere conabantur, dum duus exercitus circa urbem saepissime puganabant. Anno [[1125]] Rex [[Balduinus II (rex Hierosolymitanus)|Balduinus II]] Ascalonem capere frustra conatus est, anno autem [[1154]] [[Balduinus III (rex Hierosolymitanus)|Balduinus III]] successit. Urbs crucesignatis magni momenti fuit; anno autem [[1187]], [[4 Septembris|quarto die mensis Septembris]], a [[Saladinus|Saladino]] capta est, qui castella, ne Christiani eis uterentur, delevit.<ref name="BibleWalks"/> Anno [[1191]], [[Ricardus I (rex Angliae)|Rex Ricardus I]] Ascalonem recepit atque muros aedificavit, quos Arabes rursus deleverunt. Anno [[1240]], [[Ricardus (comes Cornubiae)|Ricardus comes Cornubiae]] urbem iterum munivit. Anno autem [[1247]], [[Ayyubidae]] urbem ceperunt. Anno [[1270]], urbs a [[Mamluci|Mamlucis]] capta atque deleta est, nec Crucesignati eam rursus condiderunt. Dua [[oppidum|oppida]] Arabum, {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Magdala||he|qid=Q132129150}} et Iagur, prope Ascalonem antiquam condita sunt, in quibus homines ex Aegypto vivebant.<ref name="BibleWalks"/> Ascalonis propter excidionem, Magdala magni momenti facta est.<ref>{{Opus | titulus= אשקלון - שכונת מגדל העברית | url= https://shimur.org/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%AA-%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%93%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA/ | domus editoria= מועצה לשימור אתרי מורשת בישראל | nomen auctoris 1= גד | cognomen auctoris 1= סובול | nomen auctoris 2= אבי | cognomen auctoris 2= ששון | tempus= 01-10-2008}}</ref> === Aetas Turcica ac Britannica === === Aetas Israelita === Die [[5 Novembris]] anno [[1948]], locus ab [[Israel|Israele]] captus est. Urbs primum [[Lingua Hebraica|Hebraice]] vocatus est “Migdal Aza”, postea “Migdal Gad”, anno tandem [[1951]] “Migdal Aškelon”. Anno [[1955]], urbs Migal Aškelon et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Afridar||he|qid=Q6632325}}, qui prope eam erat, in unum coniunctae sunt, et urbs una vocatur Ascalon.<ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/18231 | titulus= 70 שנה: 70 אירועים ודמויות מתולדות אשקלון | domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון | tempus= 19-04-2018 00:14 | nomen auctoris 1= ג'ני | cognomen auctoris 1= פרנקל שלום | nomen auctoris 2=גייל | cognomen auctoris 2= מיכאלי | nomen auctoris 3= אורי| cognomen auctoris 3= קריספין| nomen auctoris 4=דוד | cognomen auctoris 4= לוי}}</ref> == Demographia == Anno [[2023]], 86.1 centesimae hominum qui in Ascalone vivebant [[Iudaei]] erant, 0.4 centesimae [[Musulmanus|Musulmani]], et 13.5 centesimae alias [[Religio|religiones]] profitebantur.<ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/DocLib/2026/local_authorities23/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F.pdf | titulus= הרשויות המקומיות ישראל 2023 אשקלון | domus editoria= הלשכה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה }}.</ref> == Monumenta == === Saeptum Nationale Ascalonense === [[Fasciculus:Mosaic floor at Ashkelon.jpg |thumb|upright=0.8|[[Opus tessellatum]] in Saepto Nationali Ascalonense]] Ubi fuit urbs antiqua hodie est [[Saeptum Nationale Ascalonense]],<ref name="placesToVisit"/> quod anno [[1964]] primum [[saeptum nationale]] in Israele designatum est.<ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/mobile/0,7340,L-2124593,00.html | titulus= הגן הלאומי באשקלון | nomen auctoris= בועז | cognomen auctoris= כרמל | tempus= 26-09-2002 10:59 | domus editoria= ynet }}.</ref> Muri, qui urbem circumdederunt, in eo loco quoque hodie sunt. Saeptum [[hortus|hortum]] multis [[statua|statuis]] Romanis ornatum habet.<ref name="placesToVisit">{{Opus | url= https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vie/Ashkelon.html#Ashkelon | titulus= Ashkelon & Surroundings PLACES TO VISIT | domus editoria=Jewish Virtual Library}}.</ref> Altitudo vallis Chananaeae est 15 metra, latitudo 30 metra, longitudo 2200 metra.<ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.mako.co.il/travel-israel/magazine-themostbeautifulcities/Article-78f8f49c8c26371026.htm | domus editoria= mako | titulus= חופש הערים הכי יפות בארץ. מה יש לעשות באשקלון| tempus=19-05-2021}}.</ref> In saepto est basilica Romana, quam [[archeologus|archaeologi]] ab [[Herodes Magnus|Herode]] conditam esse putant,<ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/2000-year-old-basilica-unearthed-in-ashkelon-669665 |titulus=2,000-year-old basilica unearthed in Ashkelon | nomen auctoris=Rosella | cognomen auctoris=Tercatin | domus editoria=Jerusalem Post | tempus=31-05-2021 19:25}}.</ref> et maximum in orbe terrarum canum coemeterium.<ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/mobile/0,7340,L-5047211,00.html | titulus=תעלומת בית הקברות לכלבים הגדול בעולם שהתגלה באשקלון | nomen auctoris= אסף| cognomen auctoris= קמר| tempus= 25-11-2017 07:59 | domus editoria= ynet}}.</ref> Anno [[2024]] Saeptum quintum in popularitate in Israele fuit; anno autem [[2025]] secundum.<ref>{{Opus | titulus= גם ב-2025 – זה אתר הטיולים הפופולרי בישראל | url=https://www.ynet.co.il/vacation/israeltrips/article/rjp9q7egwl | nomen auctoris= אסף| cognomen auctoris= רוזן| domus editoria=ynet | tempus= 08-12-2025 15:00 }}.</ref> Multa animalia quoquoe in hoc loco vivunt. [[Dendrocopos syriacus]], [[Upapa]], et [[Psittacula krameri]] in cavis arborum [[Tamarix|tamaricis]] veterum nidificant; [[Prinia gracilis]], [[Burhinus]], [[Passer hispaniolensis]], et [[Lanius nubicus]] in campis. [[Jynx torquilla]] et [[Luscinia svecica]] hieme in saepto inveniuntur. [[Laudakia stellio]], [[Vulpes vulpes]], [[Gazella gazella gazella]], [[Herpestes]], et [[Caretta caretta]] quoque invenientur in hoc loco.<ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.ynet.co.il/environment-science/article/skv5vvbsn | titulus= מחרדונים ועד נמיות: הצצה לעולם החי הקסום בגן הלאומי תל אשקלון | domus editoria= ynet | tempus= 28-07-2023 16:28}}.</ref> ===Portus Navigiorum Ascalonensis=== [[Fasciculus:מרינה אשקלון.PNG | thumb |upright=0.8|Portus Navigiorum Ascalonensis.]] {{Creanda|he| מרינה אשקלון | Portus Navigiorum Ascalonensis}}, anno [[1991]] conditus, locus est ad navigia velifera et [[Navis lusoria |naves lusorias]] ancorandas, et multasque [[Popina sellariola| popinas sellariolas]] habet.<ref>{{Opus| url= https://baliletayel.co.il/atraction/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94-%D7%A9%D7%9C-%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%AA-%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA-%D7%9C%D7%A6%D7%93-%D7%9E/ | titulus= המרינה של אשקלון – טיילת אטרקטיבית לצד מעגן סירות | domus editoria= בא לי לטייל}}.</ref> Portus, qui plerumque ad oblectamentum destinatur, in {{Creanda| en| Twelve-Day War |bello contra Iraniam}} magni momenti factus est. Homines eo usi sunt ut via ad Israëlem ingrediendum et ex eo egrediendum esset, cum [[aeroportus]] clausus esset.<ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/95583 | titulus= מי היה מאמין? זה התפקיד של המרינה באשקלון במלחמה עם איראן | domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון | tempus= 18-06-2025 15:22}}.</ref> === Monumentum in honorem caesorum in bellis Israel === [[Fasciculus:Lanoflim Askelon 11.jpg | thumb |upright=0.8|[[Monumentum]] in honorem caesorum in bellis Israeliensibus.]] {{Creanda|he|אנדרטה לנופלים (אשקלון) | Monumentum in honorem caesorum in bellis Israel}} in prato herboso est ante [[Curia municipalis|curiam municipalem]]. Elementum sculptile compositum virtutem et bellum significat. Parietes aedificii sexanguli tabulas marmoris nigras constant, in quibus inscripta sunt nomina caesorum. In parite contra inscriptum est “Aeternum vobis gratias agimus. De gerenatione in generationem gloriam eorum narrabimus.”<ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.izkor.gov.il/monument/en_d9b0257bc0e71a1983f1ec8d7e8bde66/ | titulus= אנדרטה לנופלים במערכות ישראל. אשקלון| domus editoria= יזכור }}.</ref> == Urbes geminae == * {{Vexillum icon|Canada}} [[Côte Saint-Luc]], [[Quebecum]], [[Canada]] (ab anno [[1975]])<ref>{{opus | url=https://cotesaintluc.org/en/the-city/about-csl/ | titulus=About CSL | domus editoria= cotesaintluc.org}}</ref><ref>{{opus | url=https://www.bnaibrith.ca/advocacy/jewish-heritage-month/jhm-cote-saint-luc/ | titulus=JEWISH HERITAGE MONTH PARTNER: COTE SAINT LUC, QUEBEC | domus editoria= Bnai Brith Canada}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Ruthenia Alba}} [[Grodna]], [[Ruthenia Alba]] (ab anno [[2011]])<ref>{{Opus | tempus= 23-02-2011 | url= https://ashkelon.news/article/9023 |titulus= עוד עיר תאומה ברית ערים תאומות נחתמה בין העיר אשקלון לגרודנו (בלרוס). רה"ע של גרודנו קוזלקוב בוריס הגיע לאשקלון עם אנשי עסקים המעוניינים ליצור קשרי מסחר | domus editoria= ashkelon.news}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | tempus= 2011-03-01 13:16 | url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402150430/https://news.tut.by/society/216834.html | titulus= Израильский город Ашкелон стал двенадцатым городом-побратимом Гродно | domus editoria=news.tut.by}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Francia}} [[Aquae Sextiae]], [[Francia]] (ab anno [[1994]])<ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.aixenprovence.fr/Ashkelon-ISRAEL | titulus=Ashkelon (ISRAEL) | domus editoria= aixenprovence.fr}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Germania}} [[Pancovium]], [[Germania]] (Ab anno [[1994]])<ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.berlin.de/ba-pankow/ueber-den-bezirk/staedtepartner/artikel.1535473.en.php | titulus = City Partnerships | domus editoria= Bezirksamt Pankow}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | url=https://pankow-ashkelon.org/en/about-us | titulus= About Us | domus editoria= Freundeskreis Berlin Pankow-Ashkelon}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Civitates Foederatae Americae}} [[Portlandia (Oregonia)|Portlandia]], [[Oregonia]], [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] (ab anno [[1987]])<ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.studycountry.com/wiki/what-is-portland-oregon-sister-city | titulus=What is Portland Oregon sister city? | domus editoria= studycountry.com}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Civitates Foederatae Americae}} [[Baltimora (Terra Mariae)|Baltimora]], [[Terra Mariae]], [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] (ab anno [[2003]])<ref>{{Opus | url=https://baltimorefishbowl.com/stories/baltimores-awkward-relationship-sister-cities/ |domus editoria= Baltimore Fish Bowl | titulus=Baltimore’s Awkward Relationship with Our Sister Cities |nomen auctoris=Rachel | cognomen auctoris=Monroe | tempus=22-04-2014}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | url= https://www.jewishtimes.com/baltimore-ashkelon-partnership-supports-israeli-city-after-rocket-strikes/ | titulus= Baltimore-Ashkelon Partnership Supports Israeli City After Rocket Strikes | nomen auctoris=Jillian |cognomen auctoris=Diamond | tempus=24-05-2023 | domus editoria=Jewish Times}}</ref><ref>{{Opus |url=https://associated.org/stories/the-baltimore-ashkelon-partnership-celebrating-20-years/ | titulus=The Baltimore-Ashkelon Partnership: Celebrating 20 Years | domus editoria= The Associated Jewish Federation in Baltimore}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Civitates Foederatae Americae}} [[Sacramentum (California)|Sacramentum]], [[California]], [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] (ab anno [[2012]])<ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/after-battle-sacramento-okays-sisterhood-with-ashkelon/ | domus editoria= Times of Israel | titulus= After battle, Sacramento okays sisterhood with Ashkelon | nomen auctoris= Joshua | cognomen auctoris= Davidovich | tempus=15-08-2012}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | url=https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/sumy-ukraine-becomes-sacramentos-latest-sister-city/ | titulus=Sumy, Ukraine becomes Sacramento's latest Sister City | domus editoria= CBS News | nomen auctoris=Cecilio | cognomen auctoris= Padilla| tempus=29-06-2023}} “Eleven other cities have been named Sister Cities with Sacramento … Ashkelon, Israel”</ref><ref>{{Opus |url=https://jweekly.com/2012/08/17/its-unanimous-sacramento-ashkelon-now-sister-cities/ | domus editoria= Jewish Weekly | titulus= Its unanimous: Sacramento, Ashkelon now sister cities | nomen auctoris= Emma | cognomen auctoris=Silvers |tempus=17-08-2012}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Polonia}} [[Sopot (Polonia)|Sopot]], [[Polonia]] (ab anno [[1993]] ad annum [[2025]])<ref>{{Opus | titulus= Sopot pierwszym samorządem w Polsce, który zerwał partnerstwo z izraelskim miastem. Zdecydowali o tym radni | url= https://trojmiasto.wyborcza.pl/trojmiasto/7,35612,32429747,sopot-pierwszy-w-polsce-zerwal-partnerstwo-z-izraelskim-miastem.html | tempus=27-11-2025 | nomen auctoris= Maciej | cognomen auctoris= Pietrzak | domus editoria= wyborcza.pl}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | titulus= הלחץ הפרו-פלסטיני הכריע 30 שנות יחסים: בוטל הסכם "ערים תאומות" בין אשקלון לסופוט | url= https://www.maariv.co.il/news/world/article-1257675 | tempus=01-12-2025 | nomen auctoris= דן | cognomen auctoris= עזרא | domus editoria= מעריב}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | titulus= "בגלל רצח העם בעזה": עיירת נופש בפולין ביטלה ברית ערים תאומות עם אשקלון | url= https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/r1ucjukbbx | tempus=30-11-2025 | nomen auctoris 1= איתמר | cognomen auctoris 1= אייכנר | domus editoria= ynet | nomen auctoris 2= רוני | cognomen auctoris 2= גרין שאולוב}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | titulus= לאחר 32 שנים: בוטלה שותפות עיר תאומה עם אשקלון בגלל "רצח עם בעזה" | url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/99197 | tempus=30-11-2025 | nomen auctoris= דוד | cognomen auctoris= לוי | domus editoria= כאן חדשות דרום אשקלון}}</ref><ref>{{Opus | titulus= "רצח עם": העיר באירופה שביטלה הסכם ערים עם אשקלון | url= https://www.i24news.tv/he/news/international/europe/artc-30d542eb | tempus=30-11-2025 | nomen auctoris= מעיין | cognomen auctoris= רפאל | domus editoria= i24}}.</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|Ucraina}} [[Uman]], [[Regio Circassiensis]], [[Ucraina]] (ab anno [[2010]])<ref>{{Opus|url=https://uman-rada.gov.ua/index.php/mizhnarodni-zviazky | domus editoria=Уманська міська рада Виконавчий комітет | titulus=Міжнародні зв'язки}}</ref> * {{Vexillum icon|India}} [[Vadodara]], [[Guzarata]], [[India]] (ab anno [[2017]])<ref>{{Opus | url = https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/municipality/10841 | titulus= אשקלון-בארודה ערים תאומות: ראש הממשלה מברך| domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון | nomen auctoris= ג'ני | cognomen auctoris= פרנקל שלום | tempus= 8-12-2017 15:13 }}</ref><ref>{{Opus| url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/11526 | titulus= העירייה: כ-2,000 משתתפים בפסטיבל הודו באשקלון | domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון| nomen auctoris= אלירם | cognomen auctoris= משה | tempus= 20-12-2017 12:07 }}</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus interni == * [[Ascalon (urbs antiqua)]] * [[Israël]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ashkelon|Ascalonam}} {{Fontes geographici}} [[Categoria:Israel]] [[Categoria:Urbes antiquae]] [[Categoria:Urbes Israelis]] m0lsz81u7zkya3m0h77gmnpcmbuo0mh 0 282680 3958379 3482825 2026-05-05T01:41:39Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Ebenbitar, Tractatus de limonibus, 1602 ed, title page.jpg|thumb|''De limonibus tractatus Embitar Arabis'': titulus editionis 1602. Opusculum e magno opere Ebenbitar ''[[De simplicibus medicinis opus magnum (Ebenbitar)|Kitāb al-ǧāmiʿ li-mufradāt al-adwiya wa-'l-aġḏiya]]'' extrahitur]] '''''De simplicibus medicinis''''',<ref>"Abenbitar (vel, ut scribunt alii, Ebenbitar) scripsit de simplicibus medicamentis opus insigne et magnum, ordine alphabetico, citatis authoribus": Paschalis Gallus, ''Bibliotheca medica'' (1590) {{Google Books|WmVWAAAAcAAJ|p. 497}}</ref> titulo Arabico ''Kitāb al-ǧāmiʿ li-mufradāt al-adwiya wa-'l-aġḏiya'' est opus magnum auctoris [[lingua Arabica|Arabici]] [[Hispania|Hispanici]] [[Ebenbitar]], qui anno [[1248]] mortuus est. Libellum ''De limonibus'' separatim Latine versum, anno [[1583]] divulgatum, ex hoc opere extrahitur. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == ; Editiones et versiones * 1583 ([[Andreas Alpagus]], interpres) : ''Ebenbitar Arabs De limonibus, iamdiu per Andream Bellunensem in Latinum translatus, nunc primum in lucem editus''. Venetiis: Oratius de Cobbis [http://www.sudoc.fr/143283162 Citatio huius editionis] ** [http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb11220395-8 Editio Parisiensis 1602] [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1340513 aliud exemplar] [http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10229178-7 Editio Cremonensis 1758 cum commentariis Pauli Valcarenghi] * 1840-1842 (Joseph von Sontheimer, interpres) : ''Große Zusammenstellung über die Kräfte der bekannten einfachen Heil- und Nahrungsmittel von Abu Mohammed Abdallah ben Ahmed aus Malaga, bekannt unter dem Namen Ebn Baitar. Aus dem Arabischen übersetzt von Joseph von Sontheimer.'' Stutgardiae: Hallberger. [http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10726707_00007.html Vol. 1] [http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10726708_00009.html vol. 2] * 1877-1883 (Lucien Leclerc, interpres) : ''Traité des simples par Ibn el-Baithar.'' 3 tomi. Lutetiae [https://archive.org/details/NoticesEtExtraitsDesMss23P1/page/n11 Tom. 1] [https://archive.org/details/NoticesEtExtraitsDesMss25P1/page/n13 2] [https://archive.org/details/noticesetextrai03goog/page/n13 3] apud ''Internet Archive'' == Nexus externi == * [https://www.wdl.org/en/item/3950/ Exemplar manu scriptum] ''Kitāb al-ǧāmiʿ mufradāt al-adwiya wa-'l-aġḏiya'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170820034159/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/7466/ Exemplar manu scriptum] ''Kitāb al-ǧāmiʿ mufradāt al-adwiya wa-'l-aġḏiya'' [[Categoria:Litterae Arabicae]] [[Categoria:Libri medici]] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 13]] [[Categoria:Hispaniae scripta]] bngm5ai27vlxxq7tx4tk67umyb892lu 0 282803 3958399 3957346 2026-05-05T04:32:01Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videdis|Mesue (discretiva)}} [[Fasciculus:Mesue 1474 Italian p 1.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|''Libro della consolatione delle medicine semplici, il quale fecie Giovanni figliolo di Mesue''. Mutinae, 1475. Pagina prima: exemplar manu tinctum]] {{res|Pseudo-Mesue}} est nomen ab eruditis recentibus auctori cuidam anonymo datum, qui in [[Europa]] meridiana ante annum 1281<ref>{{qc|id=De Vos (2013)}} p. 671</ref> opera quattuor medica vel pharmacologica Latine confecisse censetur. Quae opera saeculis XV et XVI crebriter edita sunt sub nomine "Mesue", i.e. medici [[lingua Arabica|Arabici]] [[Ioannes Mesue|Ioannis filii Mesue]], anno 857 mortui. ; Bibliographia generalis * {{ec|id=De Vos (2013)|c=Paula De Vos, "The “Prince of Medicine”: Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh and the Foundations of the Western Pharmaceutical Tradition" in ''Isis'' vol. 104 (2013) pp. 667-712 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/674940 JSTOR]}} * Dorothea Heitsch, "[https://journals.openedition.org/aes/3798 Giovanni Manardo and Jacques Dubois on John Mesuë’s Medical Substances]" in ''Arts et savoirs'' no. 15 (2021) * Jean-Charles Sournia, Gérard Troupeau, "Médecine arabe : biographies critiques de Jean Mesué (viiie siècle) et du prétendu “Mésué Le Jeune” (xe siècle)" in ''Clio Medica'' vol. 3 (1968) pp. 109-117 ; Editiones generales<ref>Vide indicem multo pleniorem editionum et commentariorum in {{qc|id=De Vos (2013)}} pp. 674-677</ref> [[Fasciculus:Mesue 1478 Lyon colophon.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|''Telos operis heben Mesue'' (scil. "finis operis filii Mesue"). Lugduni, 1478. Colophon]] * 1471 : Sine titulo. Venetiis: apud Clementem Patavinum [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k585249?rk=64378;0 Textus] apud ''Gallica'' * 1475 : ''Incomincia il libro della consolatione delle medicine semplici, il quale fecie Giovanni figliolo di Mesue''. Mutinae: per Iohannem Vurster [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00067957/image_5 Textus] apud Monacenses * 1478 : ''Opus heben Mesue''. Lugduni: [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00075423/image_395 Textus] apud Monacenses * 1479 : ''Universa opera Divi Ioannis Mesue cum complemento et additionibus Francisci de Pedemontium''. Venetiis [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00064139/image_7 Textus] apud Monacenses * 1484 : ''Opus faustum et praeclarum Divi Ioannis Mesue cum additionibus Petri Apponi et Francisci de Pedemontium ...''. Venetiis [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00056600/image_589 Textus] apud Monacenses; [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00056601/image_592 pariter 1485] * 1490 : ''Expositio Christophori de Honestis super Antidotario Mesue''. Venetiis [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00056668/image_5 Textus] apud Monacenses; [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00056670/image_58 pariter 1491]; [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00056671/image_9 pariter 1495] * 1523 : ''Domini Mesue vita ... Canones universales ... Grabadin ... Liber medicinarum particularium ...''. Lugduni? [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_94nc4mrAcX4C/page/n3 Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' * 1540 : ''Textus Mesue ...''. Lugduni [https://web.archive.org/web/20190818145558/https://www.wdl.org/fr/item/10674/ Textus] apud Qatarenses == ''Antidotarium Mesue'' == [[Fasciculus:Mesue 1479 Venice p 1.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|''Universa opera Divi Ioannis Mesue cum complemento et additionibus Francisci de Pedemontium''. Venetiis, 1479. Pagina prima: exemplar manu tinctum]] ''Antidotarium'' seu ''Grabadin''<ref>Graec. γραφίδιον > Arab. ''aqrābīdīn'' > Lat. nostri auctoris "grabadin"</ref> est opus praecipuum huius auctoris pseudonymi. Commentaria saepe in editiones adduntur, scriptoribus [[Christophorus de Honestis|Christophoro de Honestis]], [[Ioannes Manardus|Ioanne Manardo]], [[Iacobus de Partibus|Iacobo de Partibus]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Iacobus Sylvius|Iacobo Sylvio|fr|qid=Q943872}}. Separatim prodisse solent ''Lumen apothecariorum'' a Quirico de Augustis anno [[1486]], ''Luminare maius'' ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Iacobus de Manliis|Ioanne Iacobo de Manliis|d|qid=Q41616909}} anno [[1490]], "Censura" a Bartholomaeo Urbevetano et Angelo Palea Iuvenatiensi anno [[1543]] divulgata. ; Bibliographia * Quiricus de Augustis, ''Lumen apothecariorum''. 1486 {{Google Books|rSjWV1Es5EQC|Editio 1520}} * Bartholomaeus Urbevetanus, Angelus Palea Iuvenatiensis, ''In Antidotarium Ioannis filii Mesue cum declaratione simplicium medicinarum et solutione multorum dubiorum ac difficilium terminorum''. [Titulus currens: "Censura".] Basileae, 1543 [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RJZRkiyRpWoC/page/n59https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RJZRkiyRpWoC/ Textus] * Ulrike Heuken, ''Der achte, neunte und zehnte Abschnitt des Antidotarium Mesuë in der Druckfassung Venedig 1561 (Trocisci, Pulver, Suffuf, Pillen''. Stutgardiae: Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, 1990 * Ingrid Klimascheski-Bock, ''Die « Distinctio sexta » des Antidotarium Mesuë in der Druckfassung Venedig 1561 (Sirupe und Robub): Übersetzung, Kommentar und Nachdruck der Textfassung von 1561''. Stutgardiae: Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, 1987 [https://www.persee.fr/docAsPDF/pharm_0035-2349_1988_num_76_276_2937_t1_0091_0000_3.pdf Recensio huius operis]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Iacobus de Manliis||d|qid=Q41616909}}, ''Luminare maius, seu Interpretatio antidotarii et practicae Johannis Mesue''. 1490 {{Google Books|r2uPNkjLnzQC|Editio 1496}}; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k60569j/f3.image editio 1548] apud ''Gallica''; {{Google Books|ogiSSGDJ3WEC|editio 1566}} ; Nexus externi * Liliane Plouvier, "Pseudo-Mesué, père de la confiserie européenne" in ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20190817182142/https://www.oldcook.com/doc/plouvier_europe_table.pdf L'Europe se met à table]'' (Bruxellis, 2000) pp. 70-73 * Emiliano Sordano, ''[http://www.pluteus.it/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/luminare-maius.pdf Il Luminare Maius di Manlio del Bosco: verso una edizione critica del testo]'' * L. J. Vandewiele, ''De Grabadin van Pseudo-Mesues (XIe-XIIe eeuw) en zijn invloed op de oniwikkeling van de farmacie in de Zuidelijk Nederlanden''. Dissertatio Gandensis [https://www.persee.fr/doc/pharm_0035-2349_1962_num_50_173_9026_t1_0294_0000_1 Epitome huius dissertationis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20221205170747/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_3745 Editio interretialis] MS. [[Bibliotheca Britannica|BL]] Harley 3475 (saec. XIV): ''Canones'', ''Liber graduum simplicium'', ''Grabadin'' == ''Canones universales'' == [[Fasciculus:Mesue Paris 1523 title page.jpg|thumb|''Domini Mesue vita ... Canones universales ... Grabadin ... Liber medicinarum particularium ... Summula Iacobi de Partibus''. Lugduni? 1523. Titulus]] ''Canones universales'' sunt liber de medicinis laxativis. Commentarium [[Mundinus de Leuciis|Mundini de Leuciis]], titulo ''Expositio super Canones universales'', cum hoc opere divulgari solet. ; Bibliographia * Sieglinde Lieberknecht, ''Die Canones des pseudo-Mesue: eine mittelalterliche Purgantien-Lehre''. Stutgardiae: Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, 1995 * Mary Catherine Wellborn, "Mondino de’ Luzzi’s commentary on the Canones generales of Mesue the Younger" in ''Isis'' vol. 22 (1934) pp. 8–11 == ''Liber graduum simplicium'' == ''Liber graduum simplicium'' medicamenta simplicia ordine facultatum et graduum enumerat. == ''Practica'' == ''Practica'' est opusculum praeliminare de arte medica. Iuxta hunc librum divulgari solent supplementa [[Franciscus de Pede montium|Francisci de Pede montium]], titulo ''Additiones'', et [[Petrus Aponus|Petri Aponi]], titulo ''Complementum''. ; Bibliographia * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Iacobus de Manliis||d|qid=Q41616909}}, ''Luminare maius seu Interpretatio antidotarii et practicae Johannis Mesue''. Venetiis, 1496 {{Google Books|r2uPNkjLnzQC}}; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k60569j/f3.image editio 1548] apud ''Gallica'' == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] [[Categoria:Libri de medicamentis]] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 13]] qoxpsmbal6wtfrleuoh8guxvvmxr0xd 0 284888 3958369 3951452 2026-05-04T22:02:16Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958369 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Mogilno tablica pamiątkowa Kurta Lewina.jpg|thumb|Lamina Curtio Lewin Mogilno in oppido dicata.]] '''Curtius Lewin''' (natus ''Kurt Lewin'' [[Mogilno]] in [[oppidum|oppido]] [[Kreis Mogilno|Comitatus Mogilno]] [[Provincia Posen|Provinciae Poznań]] [[Imperium Germanicum (1871-1918)|Imperii Germani]] die [[9 Septembris]] [[1890]]; mortuus [[Newtonville]] in [[Massachusetta]] die [[12 Februarii]] [[1947]]) fuit [[psychologus]] [[Germania|Germanico]]-[[Civitates Foederatae|Americanus]], unusque ex hodiernis praecursoribus [[psychologia]]e [[psychologia socialis|socialis]], [[psychologia industrialis et organizationalis|psychologiae organizationalis]], [[psychologia adhibita|psychologiaeque adhibitae]] in [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]]. [[Exsul]] a [[patria]] ex [[1933]], novam vitam sibi in [[Anglia]] et tum [[America Septentrionalis|America Septentrionali]] confecit, ubi se et sua opera posuit intra tria explicationis flumina in provinciá [[communicatio]]nis: investigationes adhibitas, [[investigatio actionis|investigationem actionis]], et communicationem intra greges. [[Universitas studiorum Friburgensis Brisgaudiae|Universitatem studiorum Friburgensem Brisgaudiae]] [[medicina]]e studens, et [[Universitas Ludovico-Maximilianea Monacensis|Universitatem Ludovico-Maximilianeam Monacensem]] [[biologia]]e studens frequentavit, sed deinde se in [[Alma Universitas Humboldtiana Berolinensis|Alma Universitate Humboldtiana Berolinensi]] frequentavit ascripsit, ubi discipulus in [[philosophia]] et [[psychologia]] erat [[Carolus Stumpf|Caroli Stumpf]] (1848–1936). Cum [[Maximilianus Wertheimer|Maximiliano Wertheimer]], [[Wolfgangus Köhler|Wolfgango Köhler]], et [[Curtius Koffka|Curtio Koffka]] unus ex magnis quattuor [[vir]]is Scholae Psychologiae Gestalt Berolinensis late habetur. In [[universitas|universitatibus]] [[Universitas Cornelliana|Cornelliana]], [[Universitas Dukiana|Dukiana]], et [[Universitas Iovensis|Iovensi]] atque [[Institutum Technologiae Massachusettense|Instituto Technologiae Massachusettensi]] docuit. Lewin saepe habetur conditor psychologiae soclalis, unusque fuit ex primis qui [[dynamica gregum|dynamicae gregum]] et [[evolutio organizationalis|evolutioni organizationalem]] studuerunt. Investigatio a ''Review of General Psychology'' anno [[2002]] facta Lewin duodevicensimum a citatissimo psychologo [[saeculum 20|saeculi vicensimi]] numeravit.<ref>Haggbloom et al. 2002.</ref> ==Maiora opera== *Lewin, K. [[1935]]. ''A dynamic theory of personality.'' Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill. *Lewin, K. [[1936]]. ''Principles of topological psychology.'' Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill. *Lewin, K. [[1938]]. ''The conceptual representation and measurement of psychological forces.'' Dunelmi Carolinae Septentrionalis: Duke University Press. *Lewin, K., [[1948]]. ''Resolving social conflicts: selected papers on group dynamics [1935-1946],'' ed. Gertrude W. Lewin. Novi Eboraci: Harper and Brothers. *Lewin, K. [[1951]]. ''Field theory in social science,'' ed. Dorwin Cartwright. Novi Eboraci: Harper. *Lewin, K. [[1997]]. ''Resolving social conflicts & Field theory in social science.'' Vasingtoniae: American Psychological Association. *Lewin, K. [[1999]]. ''The complete social scientist: a Kurt Lewin reader,'' ed. Martin Gold. Vasingtoniae: American Psychological Association. {{NexInt}} *[[Psychologia topologica]] *[[Schola Berolinensis psychologiae experimentalis]] *[[Theoria rationum oecologicarum]] *[[Valentia (psychologia)]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== [[Fasciculus:Lewin.png|thumb|upright=1.5|Descriptio Lewiniana [[topologia|topologicorum]] [[mundus|mundorum]] [[societas humana|socialium]] virorum et mulierum ([[Theodisce]] signata).]] *Allport, Gordon W. [[1985]]. "The historical background of social psychology." In ''The Handbook of Social Psychology,'' ed. F. Lindzey et E. Aronson. Novi Eboraci: McGraw Hill. *Aguado Terrón, Juan Miguel. [[2004]]. ''Introducción a las teorías de la Comunicación y la Información.'' Ed. Diego Marín. ISBN 9788484253631. *Aronson, Elliot, Timothy D. Wilson, et Robin M. Akert. [[2010]]. ''Social Psychology.'' Ed. 7a. Novi Eboraci: Prentice Hall. *Bierbrauer, G.[[2005]]. ''Sozialpsychologie.'' Ed. 2a. Grundriß der Psychologie, 15. Stutragdiae: Kohlhammer. ISBN 3-17-018213-7. *Bogner, Dirk Paul. ''Die Feldtheorie Kurt Lewins: Eine vergessene Metatheorie für die Erziehungswissenschaft.'' Wiesbaden: Springer VS. ISBN 978-3-658-17591-7. *Burnes, B. [[2004]]. "Kurt Lewin and the Planned Approach to Change: A Re-Appraisal." ''Journal of Management Studies'' 41, no. 6 (September). *Foschi, R., et G. P. Lombardo. [[2006]]. "Lewinian contribution to the study of personality as the alternative to the mainstream of personality psychology in the 20th century." In ''Lewinian Psychology,'' ed. J. Trempala, A. Pepitone, et B. Raven, 1: 86–98. Bydgoszcz: Kazimierz Wielki University Press. ISBN 83-7096-592-X. *Haggbloom, Steven J., Renee Warnick, Jason E. Warnick, Vinessa K. Jones, Gary L. Yarbrough, Tenea M. Russell, Chris M. Borecky, Reagan McGahhey, et John L. Powell III. [[2002]]. [http://www.apa.org/monitor/julaug02/eminent.aspx The 100 most eminent psychologists of the 20th century.] ''Review of General Psychology'' 6(2):139–52. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.6.2.139. *Jonas, K., W. Stroebe, et M. Hewstone, eds. [[2014]]. ''Sozialpsychologie.'' Ed. 6a. Heidelbergae: Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-41090-1. *Kaufmann, Pierre. [[1968]]. ''Kurt Lewin: Une théorie du champ dans les sciences de l’homme.'' Lutetiae: Vrin. *Lewin, K. [[1947]]. "Frontiers of Group Dynamics: Concept, method and reality in social science, social equilibria, and social change." ''Human Relations'' 1: 5–41 doi:10.1177/001872674700100103. *Lück, Helmut E. [[2001]]. ''Kurt Lewin.'' Beltz. ISBN 3-407-22107-X. *Marrow, Alfred J. (1969) [[1984]]. ''The Practical Theorist: The Life and Work of Kurt Lewin.'' ISBN 0-934698-22-8. *Marrow, Alfred J. [[2002]]. ''Kurt Lewin.'' Beltz. ISBN 3-407-22754-X. *Matlin, M. W. [[1995]]. ''Psychology.'' Texas: Harcourt Brace College Publishers. *Moscovici, S., et T. Markova. [[2006]].''The making of modern social psychology.'' Cantabrigiae: Polity Pre *Natorp, Elke. [[1985]]. "Lewin, Kurt." ''Neue Deutsche Biographie'' 14: 413–15. Berolini: Duncker & Humblot. ISBN 3-428-00195-8. *Röder, Werner, et Herbert A. Strauss, eds. [[1983]]. ''International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933-1945'' 2 (2): 720f. Monaci: Saur. ISBN 3-598-10089-2. *Sader, Manfred. [[1996]]. ''Psychologie der Gruppe.'' Monaci: Juventa. ISBN 3-7799-0315-6. *Schönpflug, Wolfgang. [[2007]]. ''Kurt Lewin: Person, Werk, Umfeld: historische Rekonstruktionen und aktuelle Wertungen.'' Ed. 2a. Francofurti: Lang. ISBN 978-3-631-56243-7. *Schwermer, Josef. [[1966]]. ''Die experimentelle Willenspsychologie Kurt Lewins.'' Meisenheimii: Hain. DNB 364617187. *Stürmer, Stefan. [[2009]]. ''Sozialpsychologie.'' Stutgardiae: UTB Basics. ISBN 978-3-8252-3179-8. *Trempala, J., A. Pepitone, et B. Raven. ''Lewinian Psychology.'' Bydgoszcz: Kazimierz Wielki University Press. ISBN 83-7096-592-X/ *White, Ralph K., et Ronald O. Lippitt. (1960) [[1972]]. ''Autocracy and Democracy.'' Novi Eboraci: Parker. ISBN 0-8371-5710-2. *Weisbord, Marvin R. [[2004]]. ''Productive Workplaces Revisited.'' ISBN 0-7879-7117-0. *Werth, L., et J. Mayer. [[2008]]. ''Sozialpsychologie.'' Spektrum Akademische Verlag. ISBN 9783827415479. *Wittmann, Simone. [[1998]]. ''Das Frühwerk Kurt Lewins.'' Francofurti: Lang. ISBN 3-631-32988-1. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Kurt Lewin|Curtium Lewin}} {{wikiquote|Kurt Lewin|Curtium Lewin}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060512085723/http://www.lewin2004.ab.edu.pl/ Coetus internationalis de "Kurt Lewin: Contribution to Contemporary Psychology."] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20170710094914/http://www.kurtlewininstitute.nl/ Institutum Curtii Lewin.]<!--graduate student training institute in social psychology in the Netherlands--> *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927095505/http://www.lewincenter.ukw.edu.pl/index.php The Kurt Lewin Center for Psychological Research.] Kazimierz Wielki University. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20130127075854/http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-lewin.htm Kurt Lewin: greges, educatio experientialis, et investigatio actionis.] *[http://www.kla.hu/en/ Kurt Lewin Foundation.]<!--an NGO promoting tolerance--> {{Lifetime|1890|1947|Lewin, Curtius}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Humboldtianae Berolinensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Friburgensis Brisgaudiae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Monacensis]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Iudaei]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Cornellianae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Dukianae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Iovensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Instituti Technologiae Massachusettensis]] [[Categoria:Psychologi Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Psychologi Germaniae]]<!-- [[Categoria:Psychologi Gestalt]]--> [[Categoria:Psychologia socialis]]<!--melius: Psychologi s.--> [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] <!-- [[Category:People from Mogilno]] [[Category:20th-century German scientists]] [[Category:20th-century psychologists]]--> {{Myrias|Homines}} frm8gb2osgmveppgfvcbjdwngedt9tf 0 285790 3958333 3936107 2026-05-04T12:51:51Z Ziv 172423 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:La donna velata v2.jpg]] → [[File:Raffaello Sanzio - La Donna Velata.jpg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]] · Artist's name and exact description 3958333 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg|thumb|upright=1|''[[Mona Lisa]].'' Pictura [[Leonardus Vincius|Leonardi Vincii]], circa [[1503]]–[[1506]].|alt=Painting is a portrait of a lady smiling subtly with her hands crossed. She has smooth, white skin and is centered against a landscape background.]] '''Pictura olearia'''<ref>"Pintura al olio: peinture à l'huile: Lat. ''pictura olearia''" {{Google Books|r_xdAAAAcAAJ|p. 364}}.</ref> est [[ratio]] [[pictura]]e [[pigmentum (pictura)|pigmentis]] in modo<!--?medium--> [[oleum siccativum|olei siccativi]]<!-- ~ ?siccandi--> pro [[ligamentum (materies)|ligamento]] effectae. Inter olea siccandi usitate adhibita sunt olea [[planta]]rum ''[[Linum usitatissimum|Lini usitatissimi]],'' ''[[Papaver somniferum|Papaveris somniferi]],'' ''[[Juglans regia|Juglandis regiae]],'' ''[[Carthamus tinctorius|Carthami tinctorii]].'' Genus olei varias proprietates [[pigmentum olearium|pigmento oleario]] impertit, sicut [[quantitas]] [[color]]is [[flavus|flavi]] tempusque siccandi. Certae variationes, secundum genus olei, in tremulo<!--?sheen?--> pigmentorum [[lumen|lumine]] videri possunt. [[Artifex]] nonnulla olea varia in una pictura adhibere potest, secundum certa pigmenta effectusque petitos. Praeterea, pigmenta ipsa certam constantiam secundum modum adhibitionis consequuntur. Oleum decoqui potest cum [[resina]], sicut resina [[pinus|pinorum]] vel [[tus|turis]], ad atramentum<!--varnish--> creandum constantiae nitorisque causa. [[Fasciculus:Theo van Doesburg Composition I.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|''Compositio I.'' Pictura [[Theodorus van Doesburg|Theodori van Doesburg]], [[1916]].]] Pigmentum olearium in picturis [[Buddhismus|Buddhisticis]] a [[pictor]]ibus in [[Afgania]] media et occidentali inter [[saeculum|saecula]] [[saeculum 5|quintum]] et [[saeculum 10|decimum]] primum adhibebatur,<ref>{{cite web|last=Barry|first=Carolyn|title=Earliest Oil Paintings Found in Famed Afghan Caves|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/02/080205-afghan-paintings_2.html|publisher=National Geographic Society|accessdate=7 Ianuarii 2013}}.</ref> sed pictoribus [[Europa]]eis gratum fiebat solum [[saeculum 15|saeculo quinto decimo]]. Usus pigmentorum oleariorum ut videtur ad [[occidens|occidentem]] [[medium aevum|medio aevo]] migrabat. Pigmentum olearium deinde factum est principalis modus operum artificiosorum creandorum cum pictores eius utilitates late discerent. Maior transitus in [[schola]] [[pictura prima Nederlandica|picturae primae Nederlandicae]] in [[Europa Septentrionalis|Europa Septentrionali]] coepit, et ante summam [[renascentia litterarum|renascentiam]], technicae picturae oleariae rationes usum pigmentorum [[tempera]]dorum<!--?--> in plurima [[Europa]] paene omnino reposuerat. Annis recentioribus, [[pigmentum olearium quod cum aqua commisci potest]] praesto est. Pigmenta quae in aquá commisci possunt aut per artes [[ingeniaria]]e aut per [[emulsificator]]em additum fiunt qui sinit ut aquá attenuentur potius quam [[attenuator pigmenti]]<!--?paint thinner-->, et tempora sinit, satis diluta, ut brevissima ([[dies|diebus]] 1–3) sint, contra olea [[traditio|usitata]] ([[hebdomas|hebdomadibus]] 1–3). == Exempla operum == <gallery> Fasciculus:Van Eyck - Arnolfini Portrait.jpg|''[[Imago Arnolfiniana]].'' [[Ioannes van Eyck]], [[1434]] Fasciculus:Raffaello Sanzio - La Donna Velata.jpg|''[[La velata|La donna velata]].'' [[Raphael]], [[1516]] Fasciculus:Tizian_085.jpg|''[[Europa rapta (Titianus)|Europa rapta]].'' [[Titianus]], [[1562]] Fasciculus:Peter Paul Rubens - De kruisoprichting.JPG|''[[Elatio crucis (Rubens)|Elatio crucis]].'' [[Petrus Paulus Rubens]], [[1610]]–[[1611]] Fasciculus:Rembrandt - The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp.jpg| ''[[Lectio anatomica doctoris Nicolai Tulp]].'' [[Rembrandus]], [[1632]] Fasciculus:Innocent-x-velazquez.jpg| ''[[Imago Innocentis Papa X]].'' [[Didacus Velázquez|Velázquez]], circa [[1650]] Fasciculus:Johannes Vermeer - Het melkmeisje - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Lactaria (Vermeer)|Lactaria]].'' [[Ioannes Vermeer]], [[1658]]–[[1660]] Fasciculus:The_Toilet_of_Venus,_by_François_Boucher.jpg|''Ornatio Veneris.'' [[Franciscus Boucher]], [[1751]] Fasciculus:The Blue Boy.jpg| ''[[Puer caeruleus]].'' [[Thomas Gainsborough]], [[1770]] Fasciculus:Battle of Somosierra by Piotr Michałowski.PNG|''[[Proelium Somosierrae]].'' [[Petrus Michałowski]], [[1837]] Fasciculus:Claude Monet - Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Mulier cum umbella: domina Monet et suus filius]].'' [[Claudius Monet]], [[1875]] Fasciculus:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette.jpg|''[[Bal du moulin de la Galette]].'' [[Petrus Augustus Renoir]], [[1876]] Fasciculus:Portrait of Dr. Gachet.jpg|''[[Imago doctoris Gachet]].'' [[Vincentius van Gogh]], [[1890]] Fasciculus:Paul Cézanne, 1892-95, Les joueurs de carte (The Card Players), 60 x 73 cm, oil on canvas, Courtauld Institute of Art, London.jpg|''[[Chartulis ludentes]].'' [[Paulus Cézanne]], [[1892]] Fasciculus:Självporträtt av Anders Zorn 1896.jpg|upright=0.7|''Imago sui, occupati.'' Pictura olearia [[Andreas Zorn|Andreae Zorn]], [[1897]]<!--.|alt=Painting shows a man in the foreground with a loose-fitting white outfit and a mustache holding a wooden palette with his paints. A pair of feminine legs are visible upper right.--> Fasciculus:Composition VII - Wassily Kandinsky, GAC.jpg|''Composition VII.'' [[Basilius Kandinsky]], [[1913]] Fasciculus:Vasiliy_Ryabchenko._"Red_room_I",_200_x_200_cm,_oil_on_canvas,_1989.jpg|link=File:Vasiliy_Ryabchenko._%22Red_room_I%22,_200_x_200_cm,_oil_on_canvas,_1989.jpg|''Conclave rubrum I.'' [[Basilius Ryabchenko]], [[1989]] </gallery> == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Selfportrait (Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn) - Nationalmuseum - 22374.tif|thumb|upright=0.8|''Imago sui.'' [[Rembrandus]], [[1630]]. Pictura olearia super [[cuprum]].]] [[Fasciculus:NY Met demuth figure 5 gold.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|''[[Quinionem vidi aureum]].'' [[Carolus Demuth]], [[1928]].]] * Borchert, Till-Holger. [[2008]]. ''Van Eyck.'' Londinii: Taschen. ISBN 3-8228-5687-8. * Chieffo, Clifford T. [[1976]]. ''Contemporary Oil Painter's Handbook.'' Novi Eboraci: Prentice Hall. * Doerner, Max, et Thomas Hoppe. [[2006]]. ''Malmaterial und seine Verwendung im Bilde.'' Freiburg. * Hoeniger, Cathleen. [[1991]]. "The identification of blue pigments in early Sienese paintings by color infrared photography." ''Journal of the American Institute for Conservation'' 30 (2): 115–24. * Lajo Pérez, Rosina. [[1990]]. ''Léxico de arte.'' Matriti: Akal. ISBN 978-84-460-0924-5. * Mayer, Ralph. [[1940]]. ''The Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques.'' * Mugnaini, Joseph A. [[1969]]. ''Oil painting; techniques and materials.'' Novi Eboraci: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. * Nicolaus, Knut. [[1982]]. ''DuMont’s Bildlexikon zur Gemäldebestimmung.'' Coloniae: DuMont. * Nicolaus, Knut. [[2003]]. ''DuMont’s Handbuch der Gemäldekunde.'' Colonae: DuMont. * Piva, Gino. [[1970]]. ''La tecnica della pittura ad olio e del disegno artistico.'' Mediolani: Hoepli. * Ruf, Matthias. ''Ölmalerei.'' Frechverlag. ISBN 3-7724-2410-4. * Smith, Ray. [[1993]]. ''An introduction to oil painting.'' Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Dorling Kindersley, cum Royal Academy of Arts; Bostoniae: ab Houghton Mifflin distributus. ISBN 1564583724, ISBN 0789432897. * Sponheuer, Günther. [[2003]]. ''Ölmalerei: Landschaften.'' Wiesbaden: Englisch Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8241-1254-8. * Vietinghoff, Egon von. (1983) [[1991]]. ''Handbuch zur Technik der Malerei.'' Coloniae: DuMont. * Wehlte, Kurt. [[2005]]. ''Werkstoffe und Techniken der Malerei.'' Stutgardiae. {{NexInt}} * [[Adumbratio]] * [[Canon Occidentalis]] * [[Fraus oculi]] * [[Natura mortua]] * [[Perceptio]] * [[Resina terebinthina]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Oil paintings|picturas oleas}} {{Myrias|Ars}} [[Categoria:Oleum]] [[Categoria:Pictura]] 84zb26hy2u1jbzga3e1d6gs5cew5oqc 3958372 3958333 2026-05-04T22:39:16Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ (10K) 3958372 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg|thumb|upright=1|''[[Mona Lisa]].'' Pictura [[Leonardus Vincius|Leonardi Vincii]], circa [[1503]]–[[1506]].|alt=Painting is a portrait of a lady smiling subtly with her hands crossed. She has smooth, white skin and is centered against a landscape background.]] '''Pictura olearia'''<ref>"Pintura al olio: peinture à l'huile: Lat. ''pictura olearia''" {{Google Books|r_xdAAAAcAAJ|p. 364}}.</ref> est [[ratio]] [[pictura]]e [[pigmentum (pictura)|pigmentis]] in modo<!--?medium--> [[oleum siccativum|olei siccativi]]<!-- ~ ?siccandi--> pro [[ligamentum (materies)|ligamento]] effectae. Inter olea siccandi usitate adhibita sunt olea [[planta]]rum ''[[Linum usitatissimum|Lini usitatissimi]],'' ''[[Papaver somniferum|Papaveris somniferi]],'' ''[[Juglans regia|Juglandis regiae]],'' ''[[Carthamus tinctorius|Carthami tinctorii]].'' Genus olei varias proprietates [[pigmentum olearium|pigmento oleario]] impertit, sicut [[quantitas]] [[color]]is [[flavus|flavi]] tempusque siccandi. Certae variationes, secundum genus olei, in {{Creanda|en|Sheen|Tremulum|tremulo}} pigmentorum [[lumen|lumine]] videri possunt. [[Artifex]] nonnulla olea varia in una pictura adhibere potest, secundum certa pigmenta effectusque petitos. Praeterea, pigmenta ipsa certam constantiam secundum modum adhibitionis consequuntur. Oleum decoqui potest cum [[resina]], pleruque resina [[pinus|pinorum]] vel [[tus|turis]], ad {{Creanda|en|Varnish|atramentum pellucidum}} creandum constantiae nitorisque causa. [[Fasciculus:Theo van Doesburg Composition I.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|''Compositio I.'' Pictura [[Theodorus van Doesburg|Theodori van Doesburg]], [[1916]].]] Pigmentum olearium in picturis [[Buddhismus|Buddhisticis]] a [[pictor]]ibus in [[Afgania]] media et [[occidens|occidentali]] inter [[saeculum|saecula]] [[saeculum 5|quintum]] et [[saeculum 10|decimum]] olim adhibebatur,<ref>{{cite web|last=Barry|first=Carolyn|title=Earliest Oil Paintings Found in Famed Afghan Caves|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/02/080205-afghan-paintings_2.html|publisher=National Geographic Society|accessdate=7 Ianuarii 2013}}.</ref> sed [[pictor]]ibus [[Europa]]eis gratum fiebat solum [[saeculum 15|saeculo quinto decimo]]. Usus pigmentorum oleariorum ut videtur ad [[occidens|occidentem]] [[medium aevum|medio aevo]] migrabat. Pigmentum olearium deinde factum est principalis operum artificiosorum creandorum modus cum pictores eius utilitates late discerent. Maior transitus in [[schola]] [[pictura prima Nederlandica|picturae primae Nederlandicae]] in [[Europa Septentrionalis|Europa Septentrionali]] coepit, et ante summam [[renascentia litterarum|renascentiam]], technicae picturae oleariae rationes usum pigmentorum [[tempera]]dorum<!--?--> in plurima [[Europa]] paene omnino reposuerat. Annis recentioribus, [[pigmentum olearium quod cum aqua commisci potest]] praesto est. Pigmenta quae in aquá commisci possunt aut per artes [[ingeniaria]]e aut per [[emulsificator]]em additum fiunt qui sinit ut aquá attenuentur potius quam {{Creanda|en|Paint thinner|attenuator pigmenti}}, et tempora sinit, satis diluta, ut brevissima ([[dies|diebus]] 1–3) sint, contra olea [[traditio|usitata]] ([[hebdomas|hebdomadibus]] 1–3). == Exempla operum == <gallery> Fasciculus:Van Eyck - Arnolfini Portrait.jpg|''[[Imago Arnolfiniana]].'' [[Ioannes van Eyck]], [[1434]] Fasciculus:Raffaello Sanzio - La Donna Velata.jpg|''[[La velata|La donna velata]].'' [[Raphael]], [[1516]] Fasciculus:Tizian_085.jpg|''[[Europa rapta (Titianus)|Europa rapta]].'' [[Titianus]], [[1562]] Fasciculus:Peter Paul Rubens - De kruisoprichting.JPG|''[[Elatio crucis (Rubens)|Elatio crucis]].'' [[Petrus Paulus Rubens]], [[1610]]–[[1611]] Fasciculus:Rembrandt - The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp.jpg| ''[[Lectio anatomica doctoris Nicolai Tulp]].'' [[Rembrandus]], [[1632]] Fasciculus:Innocent-x-velazquez.jpg| ''[[Imago Innocentis Papa X]].'' [[Didacus Velázquez|Velázquez]], circa [[1650]] Fasciculus:Johannes Vermeer - Het melkmeisje - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Lactaria (Vermeer)|Lactaria]].'' [[Ioannes Vermeer]], [[1658]]–[[1660]] Fasciculus:The_Toilet_of_Venus,_by_François_Boucher.jpg|''Ornatio Veneris.'' [[Franciscus Boucher]], [[1751]] Fasciculus:The Blue Boy.jpg| ''[[Puer caeruleus]].'' [[Thomas Gainsborough]], [[1770]] Fasciculus:Battle of Somosierra by Piotr Michałowski.PNG|''[[Proelium Somosierrae]].'' [[Petrus Michałowski]], [[1837]] Fasciculus:Claude Monet - Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Mulier cum umbella: domina Monet et suus filius]].'' [[Claudius Monet]], [[1875]] Fasciculus:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette.jpg|''[[Bal du moulin de la Galette]].'' [[Petrus Augustus Renoir]], [[1876]] Fasciculus:Portrait of Dr. Gachet.jpg|''[[Imago doctoris Gachet]].'' [[Vincentius van Gogh]], [[1890]] Fasciculus:Paul Cézanne, 1892-95, Les joueurs de carte (The Card Players), 60 x 73 cm, oil on canvas, Courtauld Institute of Art, London.jpg|''[[Chartulis ludentes]].'' [[Paulus Cézanne]], [[1892]] Fasciculus:Självporträtt av Anders Zorn 1896.jpg|upright=0.7|''Imago sui, occupati.'' Pictura olearia [[Andreas Zorn|Andreae Zorn]], [[1897]]<!--.|alt=Painting shows a man in the foreground with a loose-fitting white outfit and a mustache holding a wooden palette with his paints. A pair of feminine legs are visible upper right.--> Fasciculus:Composition VII - Wassily Kandinsky, GAC.jpg|''Composition VII.'' [[Basilius Kandinsky]], [[1913]] Fasciculus:Vasiliy_Ryabchenko._"Red_room_I",_200_x_200_cm,_oil_on_canvas,_1989.jpg|link=File:Vasiliy_Ryabchenko._%22Red_room_I%22,_200_x_200_cm,_oil_on_canvas,_1989.jpg|''Conclave rubrum I.'' [[Basilius Ryabchenko]], [[1989]] </gallery> == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Selfportrait (Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn) - Nationalmuseum - 22374.tif|thumb|upright=0.8|''Imago sui.'' [[Rembrandus]], [[1630]]. Pictura olearia super [[cuprum]].]] [[Fasciculus:NY Met demuth figure 5 gold.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|''[[Quinionem vidi aureum]].'' [[Carolus Demuth]], [[1928]].]] * Borchert, Till-Holger. [[2008]]. ''Van Eyck.'' Londinii: Taschen. ISBN 3-8228-5687-8. * Chieffo, Clifford T. [[1976]]. ''Contemporary Oil Painter's Handbook.'' Novi Eboraci: Prentice Hall. * Doerner, Max, et Thomas Hoppe. [[2006]]. ''Malmaterial und seine Verwendung im Bilde.'' Freiburg. * Hoeniger, Cathleen. [[1991]]. "The identification of blue pigments in early Sienese paintings by color infrared photography." ''Journal of the American Institute for Conservation'' 30 (2): 115–24. * Lajo Pérez, Rosina. [[1990]]. ''Léxico de arte.'' Matriti: Akal. ISBN 978-84-460-0924-5. * Mayer, Ralph. [[1940]]. ''The Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques.'' * Mugnaini, Joseph A. [[1969]]. ''Oil painting; techniques and materials.'' Novi Eboraci: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. * Nicolaus, Knut. [[1982]]. ''DuMont’s Bildlexikon zur Gemäldebestimmung.'' Coloniae: DuMont. * Nicolaus, Knut. [[2003]]. ''DuMont’s Handbuch der Gemäldekunde.'' Colonae: DuMont. * Piva, Gino. [[1970]]. ''La tecnica della pittura ad olio e del disegno artistico.'' Mediolani: Hoepli. * Ruf, Matthias. ''Ölmalerei.'' Frechverlag. ISBN 3-7724-2410-4. * Smith, Ray. [[1993]]. ''An introduction to oil painting.'' Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Dorling Kindersley, cum Royal Academy of Arts; Bostoniae: ab Houghton Mifflin distributus. ISBN 1564583724, ISBN 0789432897. * Sponheuer, Günther. [[2003]]. ''Ölmalerei: Landschaften.'' Wiesbaden: Englisch Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8241-1254-8. * Vietinghoff, Egon von. (1983) [[1991]]. ''Handbuch zur Technik der Malerei.'' Coloniae: DuMont. * Wehlte, Kurt. [[2005]]. ''Werkstoffe und Techniken der Malerei.'' Stutgardiae. {{NexInt}} * [[Adumbratio]] * [[Canon Occidentalis]] * [[Fraus oculi]] * [[Natura mortua]] * [[Perceptio]] * [[Resina terebinthina]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Oil paintings|picturas oleas}} {{Myrias|Ars}} [[Categoria:Oleum]] [[Categoria:Pictura]] iwrmayfg54y9n1ken75o0yk2n1df3ou 3958384 3958372 2026-05-05T04:10:30Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958384 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg|thumb|upright=1|''[[Mona Lisa]].'' Pictura [[Leonardus Vincius|Leonardi Vincii]], circa [[1503]]–[[1506]].|alt=Painting is a portrait of a lady smiling subtly with her hands crossed. She has smooth, white skin and is centered against a landscape background.]] {{res|Pictura olearia}}<ref>"Pintura al olio: peinture à l'huile: Lat. ''pictura olearia''" {{Google Books|r_xdAAAAcAAJ|p. 364}}.</ref> est [[ratio]] [[pictura]]e [[pigmentum (pictura)|pigmentis]] in modo<!--?medium--> [[oleum siccativum|olei siccativi]]<!-- ~ ?siccandi--> pro [[ligamentum (materies)|ligamento]] effectae. Inter olea siccandi usitate adhibita sunt olea [[planta]]rum ''[[Linum usitatissimum|Lini usitatissimi]],'' ''[[Papaver somniferum|Papaveris somniferi]],'' ''[[Juglans regia|Juglandis regiae]],'' ''[[Carthamus tinctorius|Carthami tinctorii]].'' Genus olei varias proprietates [[pigmentum olearium|pigmento oleario]] impertit, sicut [[quantitas]] [[color]]is [[flavus|flavi]] tempusque siccandi. Certae variationes, secundum genus olei, in {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Tremulum|tremulo|en|qid=Q144623}} pigmentorum [[lumen|lumine]] videri possunt. [[Artifex]] nonnulla olea varia in una pictura adhibere potest, secundum certa pigmenta effectusque petitos. Praeterea, pigmenta ipsa certam constantiam secundum modum adhibitionis consequuntur. Oleum decoqui potest cum [[resina]], pleruque resina [[pinus|pinorum]] vel [[tus|turis]], ad {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|atramentum pellucidum||en|qid=Q81683}} creandum constantiae nitorisque causa. [[Fasciculus:Theo van Doesburg Composition I.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|''Compositio I.'' Pictura [[Theodorus van Doesburg|Theodori van Doesburg]], [[1916]].]] Pigmentum olearium in picturis [[Buddhismus|Buddhisticis]] a [[pictor]]ibus in [[Afgania]] media et [[occidens|occidentali]] inter [[saeculum|saecula]] [[saeculum 5|quintum]] et [[saeculum 10|decimum]] olim adhibebatur,<ref>{{cite web|last=Barry|first=Carolyn|title=Earliest Oil Paintings Found in Famed Afghan Caves|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/02/080205-afghan-paintings_2.html|publisher=National Geographic Society|accessdate=7 Ianuarii 2013}}.</ref> sed [[pictor]]ibus [[Europa]]eis gratum fiebat solum [[saeculum 15|saeculo quinto decimo]]. Usus pigmentorum oleariorum ut videtur ad [[occidens|occidentem]] [[medium aevum|medio aevo]] migrabat. Pigmentum olearium deinde factum est principalis operum artificiosorum creandorum modus cum pictores eius utilitates late discerent. Maior transitus in [[schola]] [[pictura prima Nederlandica|picturae primae Nederlandicae]] in [[Europa Septentrionalis|Europa Septentrionali]] coepit, et ante summam [[renascentia litterarum|renascentiam]], technicae picturae oleariae rationes usum pigmentorum [[tempera]]dorum<!--?--> in plurima [[Europa]] paene omnino reposuerat. Annis recentioribus, [[pigmentum olearium quod cum aqua commisci potest]] praesto est. Pigmenta quae in aquá commisci possunt aut per artes [[ingeniaria]]e aut per [[emulsificator]]em additum fiunt qui sinit ut aquá attenuentur potius quam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|attenuator pigmenti||en|qid=Q549685}}, et tempora sinit, satis diluta, ut brevissima ([[dies|diebus]] 1–3) sint, contra olea [[traditio|usitata]] ([[hebdomas|hebdomadibus]] 1–3). == Exempla operum == <gallery> Fasciculus:Van Eyck - Arnolfini Portrait.jpg|''[[Imago Arnolfiniana]].'' [[Ioannes van Eyck]], [[1434]] Fasciculus:Raffaello Sanzio - La Donna Velata.jpg|''[[La velata|La donna velata]].'' [[Raphael]], [[1516]] Fasciculus:Tizian_085.jpg|''[[Europa rapta (Titianus)|Europa rapta]].'' [[Titianus]], [[1562]] Fasciculus:Peter Paul Rubens - De kruisoprichting.JPG|''[[Elatio crucis (Rubens)|Elatio crucis]].'' [[Petrus Paulus Rubens]], [[1610]]–[[1611]] Fasciculus:Rembrandt - The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp.jpg| ''[[Lectio anatomica doctoris Nicolai Tulp]].'' [[Rembrandus]], [[1632]] Fasciculus:Innocent-x-velazquez.jpg| ''[[Imago Innocentis Papa X]].'' [[Didacus Velázquez|Velázquez]], circa [[1650]] Fasciculus:Johannes Vermeer - Het melkmeisje - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Lactaria (Vermeer)|Lactaria]].'' [[Ioannes Vermeer]], [[1658]]–[[1660]] Fasciculus:The_Toilet_of_Venus,_by_François_Boucher.jpg|''Ornatio Veneris.'' [[Franciscus Boucher]], [[1751]] Fasciculus:The Blue Boy.jpg| ''[[Puer caeruleus]].'' [[Thomas Gainsborough]], [[1770]] Fasciculus:Battle of Somosierra by Piotr Michałowski.PNG|''[[Proelium Somosierrae]].'' [[Petrus Michałowski]], [[1837]] Fasciculus:Claude Monet - Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Mulier cum umbella: domina Monet et suus filius]].'' [[Claudius Monet]], [[1875]] Fasciculus:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette.jpg|''[[Bal du moulin de la Galette]].'' [[Petrus Augustus Renoir]], [[1876]] Fasciculus:Portrait of Dr. Gachet.jpg|''[[Imago doctoris Gachet]].'' [[Vincentius van Gogh]], [[1890]] Fasciculus:Paul Cézanne, 1892-95, Les joueurs de carte (The Card Players), 60 x 73 cm, oil on canvas, Courtauld Institute of Art, London.jpg|''[[Chartulis ludentes]].'' [[Paulus Cézanne]], [[1892]] Fasciculus:Självporträtt av Anders Zorn 1896.jpg|upright=0.7|''Imago sui, occupati.'' Pictura olearia [[Andreas Zorn|Andreae Zorn]], [[1897]]<!--.|alt=Painting shows a man in the foreground with a loose-fitting white outfit and a mustache holding a wooden palette with his paints. A pair of feminine legs are visible upper right.--> Fasciculus:Composition VII - Wassily Kandinsky, GAC.jpg|''Composition VII.'' [[Basilius Kandinsky]], [[1913]] Fasciculus:Vasiliy_Ryabchenko._"Red_room_I",_200_x_200_cm,_oil_on_canvas,_1989.jpg|link=File:Vasiliy_Ryabchenko._%22Red_room_I%22,_200_x_200_cm,_oil_on_canvas,_1989.jpg|''Conclave rubrum I.'' [[Basilius Ryabchenko]], [[1989]] </gallery> == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Selfportrait (Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn) - Nationalmuseum - 22374.tif|thumb|upright=0.8|''Imago sui.'' [[Rembrandus]], [[1630]]. Pictura olearia super [[cuprum]].]] [[Fasciculus:NY Met demuth figure 5 gold.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|''[[Quinionem vidi aureum]].'' [[Carolus Demuth]], [[1928]].]] * Borchert, Till-Holger. [[2008]]. ''Van Eyck.'' Londinii: Taschen. ISBN 3-8228-5687-8. * Chieffo, Clifford T. [[1976]]. ''Contemporary Oil Painter's Handbook.'' Novi Eboraci: Prentice Hall. * Doerner, Max, et Thomas Hoppe. [[2006]]. ''Malmaterial und seine Verwendung im Bilde.'' Freiburg. * Hoeniger, Cathleen. [[1991]]. "The identification of blue pigments in early Sienese paintings by color infrared photography." ''Journal of the American Institute for Conservation'' 30 (2): 115–24. * Lajo Pérez, Rosina. [[1990]]. ''Léxico de arte.'' Matriti: Akal. ISBN 978-84-460-0924-5. * Mayer, Ralph. [[1940]]. ''The Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques.'' * Mugnaini, Joseph A. [[1969]]. ''Oil painting; techniques and materials.'' Novi Eboraci: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. * Nicolaus, Knut. [[1982]]. ''DuMont’s Bildlexikon zur Gemäldebestimmung.'' Coloniae: DuMont. * Nicolaus, Knut. [[2003]]. ''DuMont’s Handbuch der Gemäldekunde.'' Colonae: DuMont. * Piva, Gino. [[1970]]. ''La tecnica della pittura ad olio e del disegno artistico.'' Mediolani: Hoepli. * Ruf, Matthias. ''Ölmalerei.'' Frechverlag. ISBN 3-7724-2410-4. * Smith, Ray. [[1993]]. ''An introduction to oil painting.'' Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Dorling Kindersley, cum Royal Academy of Arts; Bostoniae: ab Houghton Mifflin distributus. ISBN 1564583724, ISBN 0789432897. * Sponheuer, Günther. [[2003]]. ''Ölmalerei: Landschaften.'' Wiesbaden: Englisch Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8241-1254-8. * Vietinghoff, Egon von. (1983) [[1991]]. ''Handbuch zur Technik der Malerei.'' Coloniae: DuMont. * Wehlte, Kurt. [[2005]]. ''Werkstoffe und Techniken der Malerei.'' Stutgardiae. {{NexInt}} * [[Adumbratio]] * [[Canon Occidentalis]] * [[Fraus oculi]] * [[Natura mortua]] * [[Perceptio]] * [[Resina terebinthina]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Oil paintings|picturas oleas}} {{Myrias|Ars}} [[Categoria:Oleum]] [[Categoria:Pictura]] q7nhzy8ska1s5ksytjwflmven6fiqsb 0 285820 3958346 3631866 2026-05-04T16:33:44Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Constantinus Łucsakowski'''<ref>Sic ipse Latine scripsit.</ref> ([[Ucrainice]] ''Костянтин Лучаковський''), anno 1846 in vico Iavče (Явче) nunc [[regio Tarnopolitana|regionis Tarnopolitanae]] [[Ucraina]]e, tunc [[Imperium Austro-Hungaricum|Austro-Hungariae]] natus et anno 1912 [[Leopolis|Leopoli]] mortuus, fuit [[Latinista]], [[paedagogus]] et interpres Ucrainicus. ==Vita et opera== In gymnasio classico [[Leopolis|Leopolitano]] litteras Latinas et Ucrainicas docuit. Rector huius gymnasii fuit. ''[[Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ]]'' annis ab 1883 ad 1889 Latine vertit et in diario gymnasii Leopolitani edidit. Enchiridia aliqua Ucrainica composuit. ==Opera Ucrainica== * Лучаковський К. Взори поезиї і прози для пятої кляси шкіл середних. Leopoli 1909. * Лучаковський К. Начерк стилістики, поетики і риторики: з додатком про красу мови і будову вірша, Vinnipegae 2017. ==Opera Latina== * [[Tacitus|Cornelii Taciti]] ars scribendi nonnullorum vocabulorum significatione illustratur ac fatum quid valeat altius inquiritur // Справозданє директора ц.к. Гимназіѣ Академичной у Львовѣ (Spravozdanê Direktora C. K. Gimnazìï Akademičnoi u L'vovï), Leopoli, 1884 * Nestoris re litteraria adumbrata eiusdem Chronicon capp.1—20 in Romanorum sermonem convertuntur // Ibidem ==Bibliographia== * Галина Білавич, Ірина Розман, [https://docplayer.net/153204265-Pidruchniki-kostyantina-luchakovskogo-yak-dosvid-integrovanogo-vivchennya-ukrayinskoyi-ta-zarubizhnoyi-literaturi.html ''Підручники Костянтина Лучаковського як досвід інтегрованого вивчення української та зарубіжної літератури'']{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} // Людинознавчі студії. Педагогіка. 2017. Вип. 4. С. 14–22 {{ling|Ucrainice}} ==Notae== <references /> ==Nexus externi== * [https://archive.org/details/nestorLuczakowski ''Nestoris Chronicon''] (''Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ'', versio Latina a C. Lucsakowski facta, in ''archive.org''; cf. [[:s:la:Nestoris_Chronica|eandem]] in ''Vicifonte'') * [http://pbc.up.krakow.pl/dlibra/results?action=SearchAction&skipSearch=true&mdirids=&server%3Atype=both&tempQueryType=-3&encode=false&isExpandable=on&isRemote=off&roleId=-3&queryType=-3&dirids=1&rootid=&query=Spravozdanê+Direktora+C.+K.+Gimnazìï+Akademičnoi+u+L%27vovï&localQueryType=-3&remoteQueryType=-2 Collectio numerorum diarii gymnasii Leopolitani] in Bibliotheca Cracoviensi {{Lifetime|1846|1912|Lucsakowski, Constantinus}} {{nexus absunt}} [[Categoria:Paedagogi Ucrainae]] [[Categoria:Eruditi Ucrainae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Russo-Latini]] rcyuysocj5ek1uxqd3dx5shr2raqgqe 0 293049 3958401 3956335 2026-05-05T04:33:56Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958401 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Nebra disc 1.jpg|thumb|[[Discus caelestis Neviri villae|Discus caelestis Nebrensis]], [[Germania]], [[1800 a.C.n.|1800]]–[[1600 a.C.n.]]]] [[Fasciculus:Babylonian tablet recording Halley's comet.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Tabula]] [[Babylonia|Babylonica]] reditum [[cometa Halleyanus|cometae Halleyani]] anno [[164 a.C.n.]] commemorat. [[Museum Britannicum]].]] [[Fasciculus:Jantar Mantar at Jaipur.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Observatorium]] historicum [[Jantar Mantar (Jaipur)|Jantar Mantar]] ad [[Jaipur]] [[India]]e.]] [[Fasciculus:NAMA Machine d'Anticythère 1.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Machinatio Anticytherensis]] fuit [[computatrum]] analogicum ex [[150 a.C.n.|150]] ad [[100 a.C.n.]], ut locos [[res|rerum]] astronomicarum computaret designatum.]] {{res|Historia astronomiae}} temporibus antiquissimis coepit, quia [[astronomia]] est veterrima ex [[scientia naturalis|scientiis naturalibus]], ex [[antiquitas|antiquitate]] oriens, atque in [[religio]]sas, [[mythologia|mythologicas]], [[cosmologia|cosmologicas]], [[calendarium|calendricas]], [[astrologia|astrologicasque]] [[historia]]e [[fides]] et [[ratio]]nes nitens, quarum vestigia in [[astrologia]] iam inveniuntur, [[disciplina]] cum astronomia publica diu implicata et revera non omnino in [[Europa]] per novationes [[Copernicus|Copernicanas]] ex anno [[1543]] coeptas separata. In nonnullis [[cultura|culturis]], [[data]] astronomica ad res astrologice vaticinandas adhibebatur. Multae [[institutio]]nes, praecipue [[ecclesia Christiana]] a [[saeculum 12|saeculo duodecimo]] ad ad aevum [[Illuminismus|Illuminationis]]<ref>Heilbron 1999: 3.</ref> investigationibus astronomicis favebant. [[Astronomus|Astronomi]] antiqui [[stella]]s a [[planeta]]s distinguebant, quia stella per [[seculum|saecula]] loco constantes manent, cum planetae tempore brevi moventur, ita ut percipi possint. {{NexInt}} {{div col|2}} * [[Archaeoastronomia]] * [[Astronomia galactica]] * [[Cosmologia]] * [[Galilaeus Galilaei]] * [[Historia astrologiae]] * [[Historia scientiae]] * [[Immanis diruptio]] * [[Principium anthropicum]] * [[Stonehenge]] * [[Telescopium]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== * Aaboe, Asger. [[2001]]. ''Episodes from the Early History of Astronomy.'' Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-95136-9. * Aveni, Anthony F. [[1980]]. ''Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico.'' University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-77557-1. * Dreyer, J. L. E. (1906) [[1953]]. ''History of Astronomy from Thales to Kepler.'' Ed. secunda. Dover Publications. Titulus primus: ''History of the Planetary Systems from Thales to Kepler.'' * Eastwood, Bruce. [[2002]]. ''The Revival of Planetary Astronomy in Carolingian and Post-Carolingian Europe.'' Variorum Collected Studies Series, CS 279. Ashgate. ISBN 0-86078-868-7. * Evans, James. [[1998]]. ''The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509539-1. * Gautier, Antoine. [[2005]]. "L'âge d'or de l'astronomie ottomane." ''L'Astronomie'' 119 (December). *Heilbron, John. [[1999]]. ''The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. * Hodson, F. R., ed. [[1974]]. ''The Place of Astronomy in the Ancient World: A Joint Symposium of the Royal Society and the British Academy.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-725944-8. * Hoskin, Michael. ''The History of Astronomy: A Very Short Introduction.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-280306-9. * {{cite book|ref=harv|last = McCluskey|first = Stephen C.|title =Astronomies and Cultures in Early Medieval Europe|publisher = Cambridge University Press |date=[[1998]] |isbn = 0-521-77852-2}}. * Pannekoek, Anton. [[1989]]. ''A History of Astronomy.'' Dover Publications. ISBN 0486659941. * Pedersen, Olaf. [[1993]]. ''Early Physics and Astronomy: A Historical Introduction'', revised edition. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-40899-3. * {{Citation | last=Pingree | first=David | author-link= | date=1998 | contribution=Legacies in Astronomy and Celestial Omens | editor-last=Dalley | editor-first=Stephanie | editor-link= Stephanie Dalley | title=The Legacy of Mesopotamia | publisher=Oxford University Press | pages=125–137 | isbn =0-19-814946-8}}. * {{Citation | last=Rochberg | first=Francesca | date=[[2004]] | title=The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy, and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture | publisher=Cambridge University Press}}. * Stephenson, Bruce. [[1987]]. ''Kepler's Physical Astronomy.'' Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, 13. Novi Eboraci: Springer. ISBN 0-387-96541-6. * Walker, Christopher, ed. [[1996]]. ''Astronomy before the telescope.'' British Museum Press. ISBN 0-7141-1746-3. ==Bibliographia addita== * {{Citation | edition = 2 | publisher = Dover Publications | last = Neugebauer | first = Otto | title = The Exact Sciences in Antiquity | origyear = 1957 | date = 1969 | isbn = 978-0-486-22332-2 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=JVhTtVA2zr8C | ref=none}} * {{cite book|last=Revello|first=Manuela|title="Sole, luna ed eclissi in Omero", in TECHNAI 4, pp. 13-32 |location=Pisa-Roma|publisher=Fabrizio Serra editore|date=2013|ref=none}} *[https://www3.astronomicalheritage.net/index.php/show-theme?idtheme=16 UNESCO Medieval astronomy in Europe] *Magli, Giulio. "On the possible discovery of precessional effects in ancient astronomy." arXiv preprint physics/0407108 (2004). ==Periodica erudita== * [http://www.dioi.org ''DIO: The International Journal of Scientific History.''] * ''[[Journal for the History of Astronomy.]]'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080506065626/http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/mathphys/astronomy/jah2/index.shtml ''Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage.''] ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|history of astronomy|historiam astronomiae}} * [https://bibnum.obspm.fr/ Paris Observatory books and manuscripts] * [http://www2.astronomicalheritage.net UNESCO-IAU Portal to the Heritage of Astronomy] * [http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/ Astronomiae Historia / History of Astronomy] at the Astronomical Institutes of Bonn University. * [http://www.shastro.org.uk Society for the History of Astronomy] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070606210812/http://www.authenticmaya.com/maya_astronomy.htm Mayan Astronomy] * [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Topics/astronomy/home.html Caelum Antiquum]: Ancient Astronomy and Astrology at [[LacusCurtius]] * [http://jqjacobs.net/mesoamerica/meso_astro.html Mesoamerican Archaeoastronomy] * [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2856/ "The Book of Instruction on Deviant Planes and Simple Planes"]{{Nexus deficit|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} is a manuscript in Arabic that dates back to 1740 and talks about practical astronomy, with diagrams. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070202111707/http://www.astrosociety.org/education/resources/womenast_bib.html More information on women astronomers] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p003c1cd Astronomy & Empire], BBC Radio 4 discussion with Simon Schaffer, Kristen Lippincott & Allan Chapman (''In Our Time'', May 4, 2006) [[Categoria:Historia astrologiae|Astronomia]] [[Categoria:Historia astronomiae| ]] {{Myrias|Historia}} rx7sdkbymtctq9adas0oskx9u8c7mqu 0 293589 3958336 3583951 2026-05-04T13:51:29Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:NorthernIrelandDerry.png|thumb|Comitatus Derrieni collocatio in Hibernia Septentrionali]] '''Comitatus Derrienus''' (alia nomina: ''Comitatus Derriensis'', '''Comitatus Londinoderriensis''') ([[Anglice]]: ''County Londonderry / County Derry''; [[Hibernice]]: ''Contae Dhoire''; [[Lingua Scotica (Teutonica)|Scotice hibernice]]: ''Coontie Lunnonderrie'') est [[comitatus]] [[Hibernia]]e, circiter 247&thinsp;132 (2011) incolarum, in [[Hibernia Septentrionalis|Hibernia Septentrionali]] et in provincia [[Ultonia]] situs, cui caput est [[Derria]] (Londinoderria) (olim [[Colranum]]). ===Sententia=== Sententia comitatus est: ''AUXILIUM A DOMINO''. ==Historia et nomina== Nomina comitatus sunt Derrienus, Derriensis seu Londino-derriensis. Olim nomen fuit ''Comitatus Colranensis''<ref>[https://books.google.it/books?id=7JxGCpiraZsC&pg=PA142&lpg=PA142&dq=Comitatus+%22Cavanensis%22&source=bl&ots=ElDGOZ-dEo&sig=ACfU3U0GO24_npMaLcMGbQQ_uFf49HfUqw&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD_em01aztAhUPGuwKHQXxAM0Q6AEwA3oECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Comitatus%20%22Cavanensis%22&f=false Il mondo antico, moderno, e novissimo, ovvero, Breve trattato dell' antica e moderna geografia: con tutte le novità occorse circa la mutazione de' dominj stabiliti nelle Paci di Utrecht, Bada, Passarowitz, ec. : opera utile tanto a' principianti, quanto a tutti i dilettanti della studio geografico. Antonio Chiusole. Appresso Giambattista Recurti, 1722]</ref> quoniam caput eius fuit urbs Colranum<ref>[https://books.google.it/books?id=7JxGCpiraZsC&pg=PA142&lpg=PA142&dq=Comitatus+%22Cavanensis%22&source=bl&ots=ElDGOZ-dEo&sig=ACfU3U0GO24_npMaLcMGbQQ_uFf49HfUqw&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD_em01aztAhUPGuwKHQXxAM0Q6AEwA3oECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Comitatus%20%22Cavanensis%22&f=false Il mondo antico, moderno, e novissimo, ovvero, Breve trattato dell' antica e moderna geografia: con tutte le novità occorse circa la mutazione de' dominj stabiliti nelle Paci di Utrecht, Bada, Passarowitz, ec. : opera utile tanto a' principianti, quanto a tutti i dilettanti della studio geografico. Antonio Chiusole. Appresso Giambattista Recurti, 1722]</ref>. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|County Londonderry|Comitatum Derrienum}} * [https://discovernorthernireland.com/destinations/county-londonderry Perieges pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{fontes geographici}} {{Geo-stipula}} {{Comitatus Hiberniae}} [[Categoria:Comitatus Derrienus|!]] gglsgznomnandew3golxbav5cnihbpi 0 298080 3958397 3957460 2026-05-05T04:30:08Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Marcellus Boulestin}}, nomine pleno natali ''Xavier-Marcel Boulestin'' ([[Pictavium|Pictavii]] anno [[14 Aprilis]] [[1877]] natus;<ref>"14 Aprilis 1877": sic Vicipaedia Francogallica, fonte primario citato</ref> [[Lutetia]]e mortuus die [[20 Septembris]] [[1943]]), fuit [[diurnarius]] [[Francogallice|Francogallicus]], [[popina sellariola|restaurator]] [[Londinii]] versatus, [[auctor]] librorum [[Anglice|Anglicorum]] de [[res coquinaria|re coquinaria]]. Ab anno [[1899]], sicut [[Colette]] et [[Curnonsky]] aliique nonnulli, scripta composuit sub aegide [[Willy]], quorum nonnulla sub nomine suo divulgaverit. Popinam '''''Restaurant Boulestin''''' [[Londinium|Londinii]] anno [[1926]] exeunte condidit, quae usque in annum [[1994]] a successoribus conducta erit. Liber eius celeberrimus, titulo ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes'' (1923), a recensoribus plurimis laudatus, usque in annum 2011 iterum impressus est. In libellis ''[[New Yorker]]'' anno [[1932]] Marcellum Boulestin, eo tempore celeberrimum, Donaldus Moffat "[[philosophia|philosophiae]] mensarum doctorem" laudavit, "legatum iuxta Anglos in rebus coquinariis, sagacem Franciae optimatem, [[Cosmopolitanismus|cosmopolitanum]], vigentem lepidumque commentatorem, popinarum Londiniensium omnium optimae gestorem."<ref>''Doctor of the Philosophy of the Table, Culinary Ambassador to the English, intelligent gentleman of France, man of the world, essayist of vigor and charm, and proprietor of the best restaurant in London.'' {{qc|id=Moffat (1932)}} fide {{qc|id=Sidney (2014)}}; [https://web.archive.org/web/20181019232815/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3617 De Donaldo Moffat]</ref> == Iuvenis == [[Fasciculus:Beerbohm Boulestin Hypocrite.jpg|thumb|[[Max Beerbohm]], ''L'Hypocrite sanctifié'' (1905): involucrum.]] [[Pictavium|Pictavii]] apud aviam atque cum matre in communi [[Sancta Eulalia|S. Eulaliae]] praefecturae [[Dordonia (praefectura Franciae)|Dordonia]]e educatus est. Ibi cibos rurales iuvenis magno pretio aestimare didicit.<ref>''In the storeroom next to the kitchen were a long table and shelves always covered with all sorts of provisions; large earthenware jars full of confits of pork and goose, a small barrel where vinegar slowly matured, a bowl where honey oozed out of the comb, jams, preserves of sorrel and of tomatoes, and odd bottles with grapes and cherries marinating in brandy ... sacks of haricot beans, of potatoes; eggs, each one carefully dated in pencil.... peaches, pears hollowed out by a bird or a wasp, figs that had fallen of their own accord ... It is no doubt the remembrance of these early days which makes me despise and dislike all primeurs, the fruit artificially grown, gathered too early and expensively sent, wrapped in cotton wool, to "smart" restaurants.''{{qc|id=Myself (1936)}} fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> Studia iurum [[Burdigala]]e suscipiens, ubi iam commentationes criticae de musica apud libellos ''Courrier musical'' scribebat, mox [[Lutetia]]m petivit collaboratorque fit [[Willy|Henrici Gauthier-Villars]] agnomine ''Willy'' (cui a secretis meruit) huiusque uxoris [[Colette]]. Sub nomine suo dialogum ''Le Pacte'' anno 1899 divulgavit. [[Anscharius Wilde|Anscharium Wilde]] moriturum anno fere 1900 observavit "senectute defessus, potationes apud ''Grand Café'' sumentem".<ref>''Aged and tired, having drinks at the Grand Café'': fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> Angliam bis brevius visitavit fabulamque Anglicam a [[Max Beerbohm]] scriptam Francogallice anno [[1905]] convertit. Amici his annis de eo scribebant, Colette qui personam "Hicksem, puerum elegantem", ''un garçon précieux'',<ref>[[Colette]], ''Minne'' (1904) fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> et [[Willy]] qui "Blackspot" delineavit "Londiniensem fastidiosissimum", ''un parfait swell londonien''. Sed Willy in memorabilibus post mortem editis characterem "Marcelli" multo pellucidius patefecit: :Iste Marcellus modice improbus, magnopere paederastes erat: de hac re iactitabat. Olim dum suadebam, ne rixatores macellariosve furciferosve varios, quibus deliciabatur, quaesiverit sed (mares praeferens) ephebos graciliores delicatosque et pulchellos, 'Ratiocinare!' mihi respondet: 'haud dentiscalpii venatum eo' (''Ce Marcel était un peu filou et énormément pédéraste. Il s'en vantait. Un jour que je lui déconseillais la fréquentation des apaches, garçons-bouchers et divers costauds dont il faisait ses délices, lui conseillant de leur préférer, puis qui'il voulait du masculin, des gosses encore gracieux d'une jolie sveltesse éphébique: Pensez-vous, me dit-il, je ne suis pas pour cure-dents'').<ref>[[Willy]], ''Indiscrétions et commentaires sur les "Claudine"'' (1962) fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}. De iuvenibus "''apache''" Parisiensibus istius temporis vide ''[https://www.messynessychic.com/2022/09/07/the-parisian-street-gangs-that-dabbled-with-dandyism/ Messy Nessy]''</ref> Ab anno [[1906]] [[Londinium|Londinii]] habitavit ubi scriptores histrionesque aut homosexuales aut bisexuales frequentavit, [[Alfredus Douglas|Alfredum Douglas]] et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Robertus Ross|Robertum Ross|fr|qid=Q1391982}} olim Anscharii Wilde amicos, [[Gulielmus Somerset Maugham|Somerset Maugham]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Franciscus Toye|Franciscum Toye|en|qid=Q3809277}}, [[Cosmo Gordon-Lennox]]. Cum hoc se ab anno [[1911]] ornatorem aedificiorum stylo Francico recentissimo proposuit, taberna nomine ''Décoration Moderne'' condito, bono successu. Francogallice his annis tam congeriem commentationum musicalium quam mythistorias eroticas edidit. Anno [[1914]] Franciam redire statuit: in exercitum receptus in [[Flandria]] militavit librosque breves nonnullos cum pictore [[Ioannes Aemilius Laboureur|Ioanne Aemilio Laboureur]] Namnetensi, quem iam apud Willy cognoverat, divulgari curavit. == Gastronomus et popinarius == [[Fasciculus:Frequentations de Maurice.jpg|thumb|''Les Fréquentations de Maurice: mœurs de Londres'' (1912, pseudonymo Sidney Place): involucrum]] Bello peracto Londinium rediit, ubi opus ornationis aedificiorum rursus suscipere temptabat: tabulas [[Amadeus Modigliani|Modigliani]], [[rasio]]nes Laboureur, textilia [[Radulphus Dufy|Dufy]], ornationes [[Paulus Poiret|Poiret]] venditabat, sed emolumentis minimis.<ref>{{qc|id=Sidney (2014)}}</ref> Victu carens, librum praeceptorum culinariorum apud domum editorialem Heinemann proposuit: ita ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes'' ("Coquina Francica facilis in usum domorum Anglicorum") optimo successu anno [[1923]] divulgaverit, a pluribus amicis diurnariis laudatum. Recensionem dedit, citationibus fartam, inter alii plures "Penelope" diarii [[Aberdonia|Aberdoniensis]]: :Illis praeceptis obtemperare possunt "qui bonam, qui mediocrem, qui nullam coquam habeant". Simplicissimis cibis aliquid insolitum praecepit (etiam carotis rapisque "lepiditatem iuventutis" postulat). Naturalem suam facetiam ubique ebullire sinit, iucundissime eo loco ubi [[risottum]] mandat: "In sartaginem libram oryza iacias. Ne laves. Ut faciem et manus et conscientiam tibi laves: ne oryzam usquam laves."<ref>''The recipes he gives are within the reach of "people who have a good cook, those who have a plain one, and those who have not got one at all" ... To the simplest comestible he adds something unusual — even carrots and turnips are requested to present the "charm of youth"! — while his spontaneous humour bubbles out everywhere, nowhere more happily than in this: — To make a risotto, "Put into the frying-pan a pound of rice. Do not wash it. Wash your face, wash your hands, wash your conscience, but do not wash the rice"'' (''Aberdeen Press and Journal'' [Martio 1925] fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}})</ref> Post duos fere annos cum consorte Alexandro Adair se coquum proposuit ad cenas privatas parandas: primum iussu [[Virginia Woolf|Virginiae Woolf]] scriptricem [[Dorothea Todd|Dorotheaeque Todd]] editricem libellorum ''[[Vogue]]'' operam dedit.<ref>{{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref>denuo affixo ''Restaurant Boulestin'',<ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}</ref> gerente Alexandro Adair. Boulestin insuper artem coquinariam docebat apud pantopolium ''[[Fortnum & Mason's]]''.<ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}</ref> Popinam ambo anno [[1925]] condiderunt ad {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|platea Leicestriensis (Londinium)|plateam Leicestriensem|en|qid=Q848912}}, ornatoribus [[Clough Williams-Ellis]] et [[Allan Walton]],<ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}; {{qc|id=O'Brien (n.d.)}}</ref> nomine ''Restaurant Français'', sed a pluribus modo Francico ''chez Boulestin'' nuncupatam, archimagiro ab initio Bigorre [[Perpinianum|Perpinianensi]] qui antea Lutetiae versabatur.<ref>M. Evelyn, "London's Famous Chefs" in ''Edinburgh Evening News'' (16 Iunii 1925) p. 3</ref><ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}; {{qc|id=Gazette de Bayonne (1943)}}; {{qc|id=Lyon (2023)}}</ref> Anno [[1926]] exeunte ad [[Covent Garden|Hortum Conventus]] (''Covent Garden'') se removerunt sub novo nomine ''restaurant Boulestin'', gerente ab anno 1933 Francisco Toye.<ref>"Mr. Francis Toye" in ''[[The Times]]'' (16 Octobris 1964) fide {{qc|id=Lyon (2023)}} nota 36</ref> Novam popinam ornabant Ioannes Aemilius Laboureur, [[Maria Laurencin]], Albertus Groult, textilibus Radulphi Dufy circumpositis.<ref>Michel Rapoport, "[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/79656009.pdf The London French from the Belle Epoque to the end of the inter-war period (1880–1939)]" in Debra Kelly, Martyn Cornick, ''A history of the French in London: liberty, equality, opportunity'' (Londinii: Institute of Historical Research, 2013) pp. 241-280, vide p. 260</ref> Carnes bubulae ovinaeque, cramum, butyrum ex Anglia proveniebant, sed holera, fructus, casei, coffeum e Francia per aëroplana importabantur. Media popina conspiciebatur lagena maxima spiritus vini anno 1869 nati, assiduam curam tam potionum quam ciborum satis monstrans. Libri Anglici Francogallicique a Boulestin scripti aderant. Fercula specialia enumerabantur "potagia rustica, frusta [[Solea solea|soleae]] modo Robin, [[Homarus gammarus|astacus]] cum cramo e [[vinum Portugallicum|vino Portugallico]], [[crispa]]e Nicole, [[ova spongia Boulestin]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|anas Namnetensis||fr|qid=Q55595946}} e [[vinum Chambertinum|Chambertino]], crispae Verlaine" (''Potages paysans, Filets de sole Robin, Homard crème au porto, Crêpes Nicole, Omelette Boulestin, Nantais au Chambertin, Crêpes Verlaine''). [[Crispae Suzette]] modo optimo ibi conficiebantur.<ref>{{qc|id=Buring (1935)}}</ref> Crispae media mensa palam convivarum parabantur; etiam volatilia venaticia sicut [[scolopax rusticola|rusticolae]] et [[anas platyrhynchos|anates]] media mensa dispertiebantur.<ref>"The Boulestin" in Eileen Hooton-Smith, ''The Restaurants of London'' (Londinii: Knopf, 1928) pp. 46-49; [https://thecarycollection.com/products/the-restaurants-of-london-1928-hooton-smith-eileen de hoc libro]</ref> Diurnarii popinam stylo Francico gestam et cenas modo Gallico paratas pretioque immodico sub aegide gastronomi celeberrimi praebitas cantabant. Frequentabant illustres et divitiores: [[Margarita Rhondda]], libellorum ''Time and Tide'' editrix, cum collegis pluribus ab [[Winifred Holtby]] enumeratis: :Die Iovis prandio delicioso aderam apud Boulestin in popina subterranea prope Hortum Conventus, symposiarcha domina Rhondda, ut scriptores ''Time and Tide'' incurrerem. Convivabamur [[Rosa Macaulay]], [[Sylvia Townsend Warner]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Liliana Baylis||en|qid=Q440432}} theatri {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aula Regalis Victoriana|Veteris Victorianae|en|qid=Q868806}}, [[Vera Brittain]], [[Margarita West]], [[E. M. Delafield]] egoque" (''On Thursday I went to a most delightful lunch given at Boulestin’s, a French underground restaurant near Covent Garden, by Lady Rhondda, to meet contributors to ''Time and Tide''. There were Rose Macaulay, Sylvia Townsend Warner ... Lillian Bayliss of the Old Vic, Vera, Margaret West, E.M. Delafield and me'').<ref>[[Winifred Holtby]], ''Letters to a Friend'' (1937) p. 435; prandium die [[9 Decembris]] [[1926]] celebratum fide {{qc|id=O'Brien (n.d.)}}</ref> Insuper frequentabant [[Georgius Bernardus Shaw]], [[G. K. Chesterton]],<ref>{{qc|id=O'Brien (n.d.)}}</ref> [[Ivor Novello]], [[Sergius Djagilev]], [[Natalis Coward]], [[Caecilius Beaton]], qui "pulchellissimam Londinii popinam" nuncupavit,<ref>{{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> [[Haroldus Nicolson]], [[Sybilla Colefax]],<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230509171558/https://www.manuelcanovas.fr/Timeline/1930s/ Manuel Canovas]''</ref> {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Evan Morgan (poëta)|Evan Morgan|en|qid=Q5415495}}, [[Alfredus Noyes]], [[Osbertus Sitwell|Osbertus]] et [[Sacheverell Sitwell]], [[Ivor Spencer-Churchill]], [[Sybilla Cholmondeley]], [[Baba de Faucigny-Lucinge]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Andrea Spinelly||fr|qid=Q2848977}} (''Spi''),<ref>{{qc|id=Lyon (2023)}} pp. 40-43 cum notis subiunctis</ref> [[Ian Fleming]],<ref>Christian Destremau, ''Ian Fleming'' (2020) {{Google Books|jNcBEAAAQBAJ|Fragmenta}}</ref> Die [[7 Maii]] [[1930]] ipse Boulestin ad cenam apud popinam suam invitavit [[A. E. Housman]] et [[Grant Richards]].<ref>[[Grant Richards]], ''Housman 1897–1936'' (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 1942) [[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.74394/page/n283/mode/2up|pp. 251-254]]</ref> His annis Boulestin libros plures de coquina et gastronomia divulgaverit, pictore saepe Laboureur, collaboratore nonnumquam Adair. Anno [[1937]] et usque in [[1939]] praecepta culinaria sua in serie televisifica [[BBC]] ''Cook's Night Out'' ("coqua tua exeunte") viva voce promulgavit, omnium primum [[ova spongia Boulestin|ova spongia]].<ref>{{qc|id=How To Make an Omelette (1937)}}</ref> Hoc praeceptum necnon alia, ab eo programmatibus librisque divulgatis, celebria facta sunt, inter quae [[perna e cramo]] (''jambon à la crème''),<ref>{{qc|id=What (1931)}}; {{qc|id=Sidney (2014)}}</ref> iecur vitellinum fornace coctum (''foie de veau au four'').<ref>{{qc|id=Second (1925)}}; ''[https://theaesthetecooks.wordpress.com/tag/marcel-boulestin/ The Aesthete Cooks]''</ref> == Senectus == [[Fasciculus:Aspects sentimentaux.jpg|thumb|''Aspects sentimentaux du front anglais'' (1916, pseudonymo Bertie Angle): involucrum]] Villam rusticam cum consorte Adair iuxta [[Soorts-Hossegor]] in praefectura [[Landae (praefectura Francica)|Landarum]] acquisiverat. Hac in villa ambo aestivare solebant, ibique [[bellum Mundanum Secundum|bello mundano secundo]] subito incepto manebant, sed sub obsidione Germanorum Adair cives Anglicus anno [[1940]] Lutetiae incarceratus est. Boulestin cum eo Lutetiam petivit, ubi anno [[1943]] mortuus est. Popina Londiniensis, hoc modo a dominis relicta, loco suo subterraneo supervixit. Ibi [[Secundum bellum mundanum|bello mundano II]] saeviente cenavit [[Alexander Waugh]] scriptor et gastronomus: :Apotheca vinorum excellentissima domini Boulestin intacta manebat. Ibi latuit grex lagenarum parvarum [[vinum Sauternense|vini]] ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Rayne-Vigneau||fr|qid=Q1090716}}'' – anni nativitatis obliviscor. Statuimus cenam nostram neque [[vinum Portugallicum|vino Portugallico]] neque [[elixir]]e quodam sed hac potione complere, quam sensim et sensualiter delibuimus.<ref>[[Alexander Waugh|Alec Waugh]], ''Wines and Spirits'' (Time-Life Books, 1975) [[iarchive:WAUGHVins.et.Spiritueux.compressed/page/n95/mode/2up|textus e versione Francogallica Latine versus]]</ref> Popina Boulestin usque in annum [[1994]] a conditorum successoribus conducta est. == Scripta == [[Fasciculus:Boulestin Simple French cooking.jpg|thumb|''Simple French Cooking for English Homes'' (1923): involucrum]] ; Libri * 1899 (praefatore [[Willy]]) : ''Le Pacte: dialogue''. Lutetiae: Société libre des gens de lettres * 1905 (interpres) : [[Max Beerbohm]], ''L'Hypocrite sanctifié''. Lutetiae: Mercure de France; [https://www.abebooks.fr/LHYPOCRITE-SANCTIFIE-BEERBHOM-MAX-X.-M-BOVLESTIN/15631299022/bd de hoc libro] * 1911 (cum [[Franciscus Toye|Francisco Toye]]) : ''The Swing of the Pendulum''. Londinii: Eveleigh Nash * 1912 : ''Tableaux de Londres'' (congeries commentationum). Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné * 1912 (pseudonymo Sidney Place) : ''Les Fréquentations de Maurice: mœurs de Londres''. Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné * 1916 (pseudonymo Bertie Angle; pictore [[Ioannes Aemilius Laboureur|J.-E. Laboureur]]) : ''Aspects sentimentaux du front anglais''. Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k852429q/f1 Textus] apud Gallica * 1916 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''Dans les Flandres britanniques''. Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8523972 Textus] * 1919 (praefator) : J.-E. Laboureur, ''Les Rouges et noirs. Ten sketches of the First Army concert party''. Lutetiae: Plon et Louvain; [https://www.bibliorare.com/lot/255637/ de hoc libro] * 1920 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''The New Keepsake for the Year 1921''. Lutetiae: C. Bloch; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1525849g Textus] * 1923 : ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes''. Londinii: Heinemann ** impressio recentissima: Londinii: Quadrille Books, 2011 * 1925 : {{ec|id=Second (1925)|c= ''A Second Helping: or, More Dishes for English Homes''. Londinii: Heinemann; [https://archive.org/details/secondhelpingorm00boul/ textus] }} * 1925 : ''The Conduct of the Kitchen: How to Keep a Good Table for Sixteen Shillings a Week''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1925 (praefator) : Nina Toye, A. H. Adair, ''Drinks—Long & Short''. Londinii: Heinemann; [https://euvs-vintage-cocktail-books.cld.bz/1925-Drinks-Long-Short-by-Nina-Toye-and-A-H-Adair Textus] ** versio Francogallica, interprete Philibert Le Huby [i.e. J.-E. Laboureur] : ''Petits et grands verres, choix des meilleurs cocktails''. Lutetiae: Au Sans Pareil, 1927; [https://euvs-vintage-cocktail-books.cld.bz/1927-Petits-et-Grands-Verres-Choix-des-Meilleures-Recettes-de-Cocktails Textus]; [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6189977 de hoc libro]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20230511135831/https://www.rabelaisbooks.com/pages/books/5012/nina-toye-a-h-adair/petits-et-grands-verres-choix-des-meilleures-recettes-de-cocktails iterum] * 1926 (editor) : ''Subtle Seasoning: a little book of recipes''. Vigorniae: Lea and Perrins * 1928 (cum Suzanne Laboureur; pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''Petits et grands plats ou le Trésor des amateurs de vraie cuisine'': Lutetiae: Au Sans Pareil * 1928 (praefator) : A. H. Adair, ''Dinners Long and Short''. Londinii: Victor Gollancz [https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=30581712807&cm_sp=SEARCHREC-_-WIDGET-L-_-BDP-F&searchurl=an%3Dadair%2Ba%2Bh%26sortby%3D17%26tn%3Ddinners%2Blong%2Bshort De hoc libro] * 1930 : ''À Londres, naguère ...'' Lutetiae: Fayard ** versio Anglica, interprete A. H. Adair: ''Ease and Endurance''. Londinii: Home and Van Thal, 1948; [https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/mr-a-h-adair/ imagines ex hac editione sumptae] * 1930 (cum Jason Hill; pictore Cedric Morris) : ''Herbs, Salads, and Seasonings''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1931 : {{ec|id=What (1931)|c= ''What Shall We Have To-Day? 365 Recipes for All the Days of the Year''. Londinii: Heinemann }} * 1932 (cum A. H. Adair) : ''Savouries and Hors-d'oeuvre: One Hundred & Twenty-Seven Ways of Preparing''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1932 (cum A. H. Adair) : ''Potatoes: One Hundred & One Ways of Cooking''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1932 (cum A. H. Adair) : ''Eggs: One Hundred & Twenty Ways of Cooking''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1933 : ''What Shall We Have to Drink?'' Londinii: Heinemann * 1934 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''Having Crossed the Channel: an account of travel on the Continent, with special reference to food and cooking.''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1935 : ''The Evening Standard Book of Menus''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1936 : {{ec|id=Myself (1936)|c= ''Myself, My Two Countries ...'' Londinii: Cassell }} * 1937 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''The Finer Cooking, or, Dishes for Parties''. 2 voll. Londinii: Cassell * 1945 : ''Paris-Londres aux environs de 1900; souvenirs inédits''. Lutetiae: Fayard * 1952 (edd. Elvia Firuski, Maurice Firuski) : ''The Best of Boulestin''. Lodinii: Heinemann * 1971 (editore anonymo) : ''Recipes of Boulestin: selected from 'The best of Boulestin', 'Simple French cooking for English homes', 'The "Evening Standard" book of menus', 'What shall we have today?' and 'A second helping'''. Londinii: Heinemann; [https://archive.org/details/classicfrenchrec0000boul exemplar mutuabile impressionis recentioris] ; Commentationes selectae * 1910 : "Le socialisme dans l'Or du Rhin" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' * 1911 : "Le couronnement des rois d'Angleterre" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Maio 1911) * 1911 : "Le problématique avenir de l'opéra en Angleterre" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Martio 1911) * 1912 : "La Flûte enchantée à Cambridge" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Martio 1912) * 1913 : "Post Georgian" in ''The Blue Review'' (Iulio 1913)<ref>Vide [https://decadeonline.co.uk/f8 Grace Brockington]</ref> * 1914 : "Les post-elgariens ou la jeune école anglaise" in''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Ianuario 1914) * 1933 : "The Troubles of Tipping" in ''[[Daily Telegraph]]'' (25 Martii 1933) ; Cinematographica et televisifica selecta * 1936 : "A Party Dish" ("ferculum convivale": pellicula brevis sine voce) [https://player.bfi.org.uk/free/film/watch-a-party-dish-by-x-marcel-boulestin-1936-online situs difficilis] * 1937 : {{ec|id=How To Make an Omelette (1937)|c= Marcellus Boulestin, "[https://cdn2.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/6748211/How_to_Make_an_Omelette.0.mp3 How To Make an Omelette]" ("quomodo ova spongia parantur") e serie [[BBC]] ''Cook's Night Out'' (Ianuario 1937) }} == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Brigid Allen, "Boulestin, (Xavier) Marcel (1878–1943)" in {{ODNB}} * {{ec|id=Buring (1935)|c= Leo Buring, "[https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-384375296/view?sectionId=nla.obj-388866787&partId=nla.obj-384646133#page/n70/mode/1up Notes of a Gourmet: Crepes Suzette chez Boulestin]" in ''The Home'' (1 Novembris 1935) }} * [[Elizabeth David]], "Having Crossed the Channel: the work of X. Marcel Boulestin" in ''Wine and Food'' (vere 1965); reimpressa in Elizabeth David, ''An Omelette and a Glass of Wine'' (1984) * {{ec|id=Lyon (2023)|c= Phil Lyon, "Turning Point: Marcel Boulestin's 1923 ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes''" in ''Petits Propos Culinaires'' no. 125 (2023) pp. 28-52 }} * {{ec|id=Moffat (1932)|c= Donald Moffat, "Attention of Monsieur X. Marcel Boulestin" in ''[[New Yorker]]'' (21 Octobris 1932) [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1932/10/29/attention-of-monsieur-x-marcel-boulestin Situs venalis] }} * Michael Parkin, ''A Salute to Marcel Boulestin & Jean-Emile Laboureur: an exhibition of artists associated with the Restaurant Boulestin''. Londinii: Michael Parkin Fine Art, 1981; [https://www.abebooks.com/first-edition/Salute-Marcel-Boulestin-Jean-Emile-Laboureur-exhibition/30111990680/bd de hoc libro] * {{ec|id=Gazette de Bayonne (1943)|c= S., "[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k43466721 Souvenirs sur X. Marcel Boulestin]" in ''Gazette de Bayonne'' (27 Septembris 1943) }} == Nexus externi == * {{ec|id=Old Foodie (2008)|c= "[http://www.theoldfoodie.com/2008/01/tv-cook-number-one.html TV Cook, Number One]" (21 Ianuarii 2008) apud ''The Old Foodie'' }} * {{ec|id=Bustillos (2016)|c= Maria Bustillos, "[https://www.eater.com/2016/7/6/12095640/marcel-boulestin-chef-cookbook-history The Chef for Every Age: Before Anthony Bourdain, Mario Batali, or even Alice Waters, there was X. Marcel Boulestin]" (6 Iulii 2016) apud ''Eater'' }} {{Penna}} * {{ec|id=O'Brien (n.d.)|c= Richard Rhys O'Brien, "[https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/mons-x-m-boulestin/ Mons. X. M. Boulestin]" apud ''The Dinner Puzzle'' }}; vide etiam "[https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/mr-a-h-adair/ Mr. A. H. Adair]", "[https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/the-viscountess-rhondda/ The Viscountess Rhondda]" {{Penna}} * {{ec|id=Sidney (2014)|c= Deana Sidney, "[https://lostpastremembered.blogspot.com/2014/01/marcel-boulestin-great-cookbook-writer.html Marcel Boulestin - A Great Cookbook Writer You Never Heard Of and Ham in Cream Sauce]" (16 Ianuarii 2014) apud ''Lost Past Remembered'' }} {{Lifetime|1878|1943|Boulestin, Marcellus}} [[Categoria:Artifices Angliae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]] [[Categoria:Popinarii]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores de re cibaria]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores mythistoriarum Angliae]] mlhleb7rgu2hh4lp4ffsslm7vxkkb11 3958410 3958397 2026-05-05T06:34:04Z Bartholomite 116968 3958410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Xaverius Marcellus Boulestin}}, nomine pleno natali ''Xavier-Marcel Boulestin'' ([[Pictavium|Pictavii]] anno [[14 Aprilis]] [[1877]] natus;<ref>"14 Aprilis 1877": sic Vicipaedia Francogallica, fonte primario citato</ref> [[Lutetia]]e mortuus die [[20 Septembris]] [[1943]]), fuit [[diurnarius]] [[Francogallice|Francogallicus]], [[popina sellariola|restaurator]] [[Londinii]] versatus, [[auctor]] librorum [[Anglice|Anglicorum]] de [[res coquinaria|re coquinaria]]. Ab anno [[1899]], sicut [[Colette]] et [[Curnonsky]] aliique nonnulli, scripta composuit sub aegide [[Willy]], quorum nonnulla sub nomine suo divulgaverit. Popinam '''''Restaurant Boulestin''''' [[Londinium|Londinii]] anno [[1926]] exeunte condidit, quae usque in annum [[1994]] a successoribus conducta erit. Liber eius celeberrimus, titulo ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes'' (1923), a recensoribus plurimis laudatus, usque in annum 2011 iterum impressus est. In libellis ''[[New Yorker]]'' anno [[1932]] Marcellum Boulestin, eo tempore celeberrimum, Donaldus Moffat "[[philosophia|philosophiae]] mensarum doctorem" laudavit, "legatum iuxta Anglos in rebus coquinariis, sagacem Franciae optimatem, [[Cosmopolitanismus|cosmopolitanum]], vigentem lepidumque commentatorem, popinarum Londiniensium omnium optimae gestorem."<ref>''Doctor of the Philosophy of the Table, Culinary Ambassador to the English, intelligent gentleman of France, man of the world, essayist of vigor and charm, and proprietor of the best restaurant in London.'' {{qc|id=Moffat (1932)}} fide {{qc|id=Sidney (2014)}}; [https://web.archive.org/web/20181019232815/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3617 De Donaldo Moffat]</ref> == Iuvenis == [[Fasciculus:Beerbohm Boulestin Hypocrite.jpg|thumb|[[Max Beerbohm]], ''L'Hypocrite sanctifié'' (1905): involucrum.]] [[Pictavium|Pictavii]] apud aviam atque cum matre in communi [[Sancta Eulalia|S. Eulaliae]] praefecturae [[Dordonia (praefectura Franciae)|Dordonia]]e educatus est. Ibi cibos rurales iuvenis magno pretio aestimare didicit.<ref>''In the storeroom next to the kitchen were a long table and shelves always covered with all sorts of provisions; large earthenware jars full of confits of pork and goose, a small barrel where vinegar slowly matured, a bowl where honey oozed out of the comb, jams, preserves of sorrel and of tomatoes, and odd bottles with grapes and cherries marinating in brandy ... sacks of haricot beans, of potatoes; eggs, each one carefully dated in pencil.... peaches, pears hollowed out by a bird or a wasp, figs that had fallen of their own accord ... It is no doubt the remembrance of these early days which makes me despise and dislike all primeurs, the fruit artificially grown, gathered too early and expensively sent, wrapped in cotton wool, to "smart" restaurants.''{{qc|id=Myself (1936)}} fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> Studia iurum [[Burdigala]]e suscipiens, ubi iam commentationes criticae de musica apud libellos ''Courrier musical'' scribebat, mox [[Lutetia]]m petivit collaboratorque fit [[Willy|Henrici Gauthier-Villars]] agnomine ''Willy'' (cui a secretis meruit) huiusque uxoris [[Colette]]. Sub nomine suo dialogum ''Le Pacte'' anno 1899 divulgavit. [[Anscharius Wilde|Anscharium Wilde]] moriturum anno fere 1900 observavit "senectute defessus, potationes apud ''Grand Café'' sumentem".<ref>''Aged and tired, having drinks at the Grand Café'': fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> Angliam bis brevius visitavit fabulamque Anglicam a [[Max Beerbohm]] scriptam Francogallice anno [[1905]] convertit. Amici his annis de eo scribebant, Colette qui personam "Hicksem, puerum elegantem", ''un garçon précieux'',<ref>[[Colette]], ''Minne'' (1904) fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> et [[Willy]] qui "Blackspot" delineavit "Londiniensem fastidiosissimum", ''un parfait swell londonien''. Sed Willy in memorabilibus post mortem editis characterem "Marcelli" multo pellucidius patefecit: :Iste Marcellus modice improbus, magnopere paederastes erat: de hac re iactitabat. Olim dum suadebam, ne rixatores macellariosve furciferosve varios, quibus deliciabatur, quaesiverit sed (mares praeferens) ephebos graciliores delicatosque et pulchellos, 'Ratiocinare!' mihi respondet: 'haud dentiscalpii venatum eo' (''Ce Marcel était un peu filou et énormément pédéraste. Il s'en vantait. Un jour que je lui déconseillais la fréquentation des apaches, garçons-bouchers et divers costauds dont il faisait ses délices, lui conseillant de leur préférer, puis qui'il voulait du masculin, des gosses encore gracieux d'une jolie sveltesse éphébique: Pensez-vous, me dit-il, je ne suis pas pour cure-dents'').<ref>[[Willy]], ''Indiscrétions et commentaires sur les "Claudine"'' (1962) fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}. De iuvenibus "''apache''" Parisiensibus istius temporis vide ''[https://www.messynessychic.com/2022/09/07/the-parisian-street-gangs-that-dabbled-with-dandyism/ Messy Nessy]''</ref> Ab anno [[1906]] [[Londinium|Londinii]] habitavit ubi scriptores histrionesque aut homosexuales aut bisexuales frequentavit, [[Alfredus Douglas|Alfredum Douglas]] et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Robertus Ross|Robertum Ross|fr|qid=Q1391982}} olim Anscharii Wilde amicos, [[Gulielmus Somerset Maugham|Somerset Maugham]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Franciscus Toye|Franciscum Toye|en|qid=Q3809277}}, [[Cosmo Gordon-Lennox]]. Cum hoc se ab anno [[1911]] ornatorem aedificiorum stylo Francico recentissimo proposuit, taberna nomine ''Décoration Moderne'' condito, bono successu. Francogallice his annis tam congeriem commentationum musicalium quam mythistorias eroticas edidit. Anno [[1914]] Franciam redire statuit: in exercitum receptus in [[Flandria]] militavit librosque breves nonnullos cum pictore [[Ioannes Aemilius Laboureur|Ioanne Aemilio Laboureur]] Namnetensi, quem iam apud Willy cognoverat, divulgari curavit. == Gastronomus et popinarius == [[Fasciculus:Frequentations de Maurice.jpg|thumb|''Les Fréquentations de Maurice: mœurs de Londres'' (1912, pseudonymo Sidney Place): involucrum]] Bello peracto Londinium rediit, ubi opus ornationis aedificiorum rursus suscipere temptabat: tabulas [[Amadeus Modigliani|Modigliani]], [[rasio]]nes Laboureur, textilia [[Radulphus Dufy|Dufy]], ornationes [[Paulus Poiret|Poiret]] venditabat, sed emolumentis minimis.<ref>{{qc|id=Sidney (2014)}}</ref> Victu carens, librum praeceptorum culinariorum apud domum editorialem Heinemann proposuit: ita ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes'' ("Coquina Francica facilis in usum domorum Anglicorum") optimo successu anno [[1923]] divulgaverit, a pluribus amicis diurnariis laudatum. Recensionem dedit, citationibus fartam, inter alii plures "Penelope" diarii [[Aberdonia|Aberdoniensis]]: :Illis praeceptis obtemperare possunt "qui bonam, qui mediocrem, qui nullam coquam habeant". Simplicissimis cibis aliquid insolitum praecepit (etiam carotis rapisque "lepiditatem iuventutis" postulat). Naturalem suam facetiam ubique ebullire sinit, iucundissime eo loco ubi [[risottum]] mandat: "In sartaginem libram oryza iacias. Ne laves. Ut faciem et manus et conscientiam tibi laves: ne oryzam usquam laves."<ref>''The recipes he gives are within the reach of "people who have a good cook, those who have a plain one, and those who have not got one at all" ... To the simplest comestible he adds something unusual — even carrots and turnips are requested to present the "charm of youth"! — while his spontaneous humour bubbles out everywhere, nowhere more happily than in this: — To make a risotto, "Put into the frying-pan a pound of rice. Do not wash it. Wash your face, wash your hands, wash your conscience, but do not wash the rice"'' (''Aberdeen Press and Journal'' [Martio 1925] fide {{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}})</ref> Post duos fere annos cum consorte Alexandro Adair se coquum proposuit ad cenas privatas parandas: primum iussu [[Virginia Woolf|Virginiae Woolf]] scriptricem [[Dorothea Todd|Dorotheaeque Todd]] editricem libellorum ''[[Vogue]]'' operam dedit.<ref>{{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref>denuo affixo ''Restaurant Boulestin'',<ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}</ref> gerente Alexandro Adair. Boulestin insuper artem coquinariam docebat apud pantopolium ''[[Fortnum & Mason's]]''.<ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}</ref> Popinam ambo anno [[1925]] condiderunt ad {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|platea Leicestriensis (Londinium)|plateam Leicestriensem|en|qid=Q848912}}, ornatoribus [[Clough Williams-Ellis]] et [[Allan Walton]],<ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}; {{qc|id=O'Brien (n.d.)}}</ref> nomine ''Restaurant Français'', sed a pluribus modo Francico ''chez Boulestin'' nuncupatam, archimagiro ab initio Bigorre [[Perpinianum|Perpinianensi]] qui antea Lutetiae versabatur.<ref>M. Evelyn, "London's Famous Chefs" in ''Edinburgh Evening News'' (16 Iunii 1925) p. 3</ref><ref>{{qc|id=Old Foodie (2008)}}; {{qc|id=Gazette de Bayonne (1943)}}; {{qc|id=Lyon (2023)}}</ref> Anno [[1926]] exeunte ad [[Covent Garden|Hortum Conventus]] (''Covent Garden'') se removerunt sub novo nomine ''restaurant Boulestin'', gerente ab anno 1933 Francisco Toye.<ref>"Mr. Francis Toye" in ''[[The Times]]'' (16 Octobris 1964) fide {{qc|id=Lyon (2023)}} nota 36</ref> Novam popinam ornabant Ioannes Aemilius Laboureur, [[Maria Laurencin]], Albertus Groult, textilibus Radulphi Dufy circumpositis.<ref>Michel Rapoport, "[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/79656009.pdf The London French from the Belle Epoque to the end of the inter-war period (1880–1939)]" in Debra Kelly, Martyn Cornick, ''A history of the French in London: liberty, equality, opportunity'' (Londinii: Institute of Historical Research, 2013) pp. 241-280, vide p. 260</ref> Carnes bubulae ovinaeque, cramum, butyrum ex Anglia proveniebant, sed holera, fructus, casei, coffeum e Francia per aëroplana importabantur. Media popina conspiciebatur lagena maxima spiritus vini anno 1869 nati, assiduam curam tam potionum quam ciborum satis monstrans. Libri Anglici Francogallicique a Boulestin scripti aderant. Fercula specialia enumerabantur "potagia rustica, frusta [[Solea solea|soleae]] modo Robin, [[Homarus gammarus|astacus]] cum cramo e [[vinum Portugallicum|vino Portugallico]], [[crispa]]e Nicole, [[ova spongia Boulestin]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|anas Namnetensis||fr|qid=Q55595946}} e [[vinum Chambertinum|Chambertino]], crispae Verlaine" (''Potages paysans, Filets de sole Robin, Homard crème au porto, Crêpes Nicole, Omelette Boulestin, Nantais au Chambertin, Crêpes Verlaine''). [[Crispae Suzette]] modo optimo ibi conficiebantur.<ref>{{qc|id=Buring (1935)}}</ref> Crispae media mensa palam convivarum parabantur; etiam volatilia venaticia sicut [[scolopax rusticola|rusticolae]] et [[anas platyrhynchos|anates]] media mensa dispertiebantur.<ref>"The Boulestin" in Eileen Hooton-Smith, ''The Restaurants of London'' (Londinii: Knopf, 1928) pp. 46-49; [https://thecarycollection.com/products/the-restaurants-of-london-1928-hooton-smith-eileen de hoc libro]</ref> Diurnarii popinam stylo Francico gestam et cenas modo Gallico paratas pretioque immodico sub aegide gastronomi celeberrimi praebitas cantabant. Frequentabant illustres et divitiores: [[Margarita Rhondda]], libellorum ''Time and Tide'' editrix, cum collegis pluribus ab [[Winifred Holtby]] enumeratis: :Die Iovis prandio delicioso aderam apud Boulestin in popina subterranea prope Hortum Conventus, symposiarcha domina Rhondda, ut scriptores ''Time and Tide'' incurrerem. Convivabamur [[Rosa Macaulay]], [[Sylvia Townsend Warner]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Liliana Baylis||en|qid=Q440432}} theatri {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aula Regalis Victoriana|Veteris Victorianae|en|qid=Q868806}}, [[Vera Brittain]], [[Margarita West]], [[E. M. Delafield]] egoque" (''On Thursday I went to a most delightful lunch given at Boulestin’s, a French underground restaurant near Covent Garden, by Lady Rhondda, to meet contributors to ''Time and Tide''. There were Rose Macaulay, Sylvia Townsend Warner ... Lillian Bayliss of the Old Vic, Vera, Margaret West, E.M. Delafield and me'').<ref>[[Winifred Holtby]], ''Letters to a Friend'' (1937) p. 435; prandium die [[9 Decembris]] [[1926]] celebratum fide {{qc|id=O'Brien (n.d.)}}</ref> Insuper frequentabant [[Georgius Bernardus Shaw]], [[G. K. Chesterton]],<ref>{{qc|id=O'Brien (n.d.)}}</ref> [[Ivor Novello]], [[Sergius Djagilev]], [[Natalis Coward]], [[Caecilius Beaton]], qui "pulchellissimam Londinii popinam" nuncupavit,<ref>{{qc|id=Bustillos (2016)}}</ref> [[Haroldus Nicolson]], [[Sybilla Colefax]],<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230509171558/https://www.manuelcanovas.fr/Timeline/1930s/ Manuel Canovas]''</ref> {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Evan Morgan (poëta)|Evan Morgan|en|qid=Q5415495}}, [[Alfredus Noyes]], [[Osbertus Sitwell|Osbertus]] et [[Sacheverell Sitwell]], [[Ivor Spencer-Churchill]], [[Sybilla Cholmondeley]], [[Baba de Faucigny-Lucinge]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Andrea Spinelly||fr|qid=Q2848977}} (''Spi''),<ref>{{qc|id=Lyon (2023)}} pp. 40-43 cum notis subiunctis</ref> [[Ian Fleming]],<ref>Christian Destremau, ''Ian Fleming'' (2020) {{Google Books|jNcBEAAAQBAJ|Fragmenta}}</ref> Die [[7 Maii]] [[1930]] ipse Boulestin ad cenam apud popinam suam invitavit [[A. E. Housman]] et [[Grant Richards]].<ref>[[Grant Richards]], ''Housman 1897–1936'' (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 1942) [[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.74394/page/n283/mode/2up|pp. 251-254]]</ref> His annis Boulestin libros plures de coquina et gastronomia divulgaverit, pictore saepe Laboureur, collaboratore nonnumquam Adair. Anno [[1937]] et usque in [[1939]] praecepta culinaria sua in serie televisifica [[BBC]] ''Cook's Night Out'' ("coqua tua exeunte") viva voce promulgavit, omnium primum [[ova spongia Boulestin|ova spongia]].<ref>{{qc|id=How To Make an Omelette (1937)}}</ref> Hoc praeceptum necnon alia, ab eo programmatibus librisque divulgatis, celebria facta sunt, inter quae [[perna e cramo]] (''jambon à la crème''),<ref>{{qc|id=What (1931)}}; {{qc|id=Sidney (2014)}}</ref> iecur vitellinum fornace coctum (''foie de veau au four'').<ref>{{qc|id=Second (1925)}}; ''[https://theaesthetecooks.wordpress.com/tag/marcel-boulestin/ The Aesthete Cooks]''</ref> == Senectus == [[Fasciculus:Aspects sentimentaux.jpg|thumb|''Aspects sentimentaux du front anglais'' (1916, pseudonymo Bertie Angle): involucrum]] Villam rusticam cum consorte Adair iuxta [[Soorts-Hossegor]] in praefectura [[Landae (praefectura Francica)|Landarum]] acquisiverat. Hac in villa ambo aestivare solebant, ibique [[bellum Mundanum Secundum|bello mundano secundo]] subito incepto manebant, sed sub obsidione Germanorum Adair cives Anglicus anno [[1940]] Lutetiae incarceratus est. Boulestin cum eo Lutetiam petivit, ubi anno [[1943]] mortuus est. Popina Londiniensis, hoc modo a dominis relicta, loco suo subterraneo supervixit. Ibi [[Secundum bellum mundanum|bello mundano II]] saeviente cenavit [[Alexander Waugh]] scriptor et gastronomus: :Apotheca vinorum excellentissima domini Boulestin intacta manebat. Ibi latuit grex lagenarum parvarum [[vinum Sauternense|vini]] ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Rayne-Vigneau||fr|qid=Q1090716}}'' – anni nativitatis obliviscor. Statuimus cenam nostram neque [[vinum Portugallicum|vino Portugallico]] neque [[elixir]]e quodam sed hac potione complere, quam sensim et sensualiter delibuimus.<ref>[[Alexander Waugh|Alec Waugh]], ''Wines and Spirits'' (Time-Life Books, 1975) [[iarchive:WAUGHVins.et.Spiritueux.compressed/page/n95/mode/2up|textus e versione Francogallica Latine versus]]</ref> Popina Boulestin usque in annum [[1994]] a conditorum successoribus conducta est. == Scripta == [[Fasciculus:Boulestin Simple French cooking.jpg|thumb|''Simple French Cooking for English Homes'' (1923): involucrum]] ; Libri * 1899 (praefatore [[Willy]]) : ''Le Pacte: dialogue''. Lutetiae: Société libre des gens de lettres * 1905 (interpres) : [[Max Beerbohm]], ''L'Hypocrite sanctifié''. Lutetiae: Mercure de France; [https://www.abebooks.fr/LHYPOCRITE-SANCTIFIE-BEERBHOM-MAX-X.-M-BOVLESTIN/15631299022/bd de hoc libro] * 1911 (cum [[Franciscus Toye|Francisco Toye]]) : ''The Swing of the Pendulum''. Londinii: Eveleigh Nash * 1912 : ''Tableaux de Londres'' (congeries commentationum). Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné * 1912 (pseudonymo Sidney Place) : ''Les Fréquentations de Maurice: mœurs de Londres''. Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné * 1916 (pseudonymo Bertie Angle; pictore [[Ioannes Aemilius Laboureur|J.-E. Laboureur]]) : ''Aspects sentimentaux du front anglais''. Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k852429q/f1 Textus] apud Gallica * 1916 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''Dans les Flandres britanniques''. Lutetiae: Dorbon aîné; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8523972 Textus] * 1919 (praefator) : J.-E. Laboureur, ''Les Rouges et noirs. Ten sketches of the First Army concert party''. Lutetiae: Plon et Louvain; [https://www.bibliorare.com/lot/255637/ de hoc libro] * 1920 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''The New Keepsake for the Year 1921''. Lutetiae: C. Bloch; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1525849g Textus] * 1923 : ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes''. Londinii: Heinemann ** impressio recentissima: Londinii: Quadrille Books, 2011 * 1925 : {{ec|id=Second (1925)|c= ''A Second Helping: or, More Dishes for English Homes''. Londinii: Heinemann; [https://archive.org/details/secondhelpingorm00boul/ textus] }} * 1925 : ''The Conduct of the Kitchen: How to Keep a Good Table for Sixteen Shillings a Week''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1925 (praefator) : Nina Toye, A. H. Adair, ''Drinks—Long & Short''. Londinii: Heinemann; [https://euvs-vintage-cocktail-books.cld.bz/1925-Drinks-Long-Short-by-Nina-Toye-and-A-H-Adair Textus] ** versio Francogallica, interprete Philibert Le Huby [i.e. J.-E. Laboureur] : ''Petits et grands verres, choix des meilleurs cocktails''. Lutetiae: Au Sans Pareil, 1927; [https://euvs-vintage-cocktail-books.cld.bz/1927-Petits-et-Grands-Verres-Choix-des-Meilleures-Recettes-de-Cocktails Textus]; [https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6189977 de hoc libro]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20230511135831/https://www.rabelaisbooks.com/pages/books/5012/nina-toye-a-h-adair/petits-et-grands-verres-choix-des-meilleures-recettes-de-cocktails iterum] * 1926 (editor) : ''Subtle Seasoning: a little book of recipes''. Vigorniae: Lea and Perrins * 1928 (cum Suzanne Laboureur; pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''Petits et grands plats ou le Trésor des amateurs de vraie cuisine'': Lutetiae: Au Sans Pareil * 1928 (praefator) : A. H. Adair, ''Dinners Long and Short''. Londinii: Victor Gollancz [https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=30581712807&cm_sp=SEARCHREC-_-WIDGET-L-_-BDP-F&searchurl=an%3Dadair%2Ba%2Bh%26sortby%3D17%26tn%3Ddinners%2Blong%2Bshort De hoc libro] * 1930 : ''À Londres, naguère ...'' Lutetiae: Fayard ** versio Anglica, interprete A. H. Adair: ''Ease and Endurance''. Londinii: Home and Van Thal, 1948; [https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/mr-a-h-adair/ imagines ex hac editione sumptae] * 1930 (cum Jason Hill; pictore Cedric Morris) : ''Herbs, Salads, and Seasonings''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1931 : {{ec|id=What (1931)|c= ''What Shall We Have To-Day? 365 Recipes for All the Days of the Year''. Londinii: Heinemann }} * 1932 (cum A. H. Adair) : ''Savouries and Hors-d'oeuvre: One Hundred & Twenty-Seven Ways of Preparing''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1932 (cum A. H. Adair) : ''Potatoes: One Hundred & One Ways of Cooking''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1932 (cum A. H. Adair) : ''Eggs: One Hundred & Twenty Ways of Cooking''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1933 : ''What Shall We Have to Drink?'' Londinii: Heinemann * 1934 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''Having Crossed the Channel: an account of travel on the Continent, with special reference to food and cooking.''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1935 : ''The Evening Standard Book of Menus''. Londinii: Heinemann * 1936 : {{ec|id=Myself (1936)|c= ''Myself, My Two Countries ...'' Londinii: Cassell }} * 1937 (pictore J.-E. Laboureur) : ''The Finer Cooking, or, Dishes for Parties''. 2 voll. Londinii: Cassell * 1945 : ''Paris-Londres aux environs de 1900; souvenirs inédits''. Lutetiae: Fayard * 1952 (edd. Elvia Firuski, Maurice Firuski) : ''The Best of Boulestin''. Lodinii: Heinemann * 1971 (editore anonymo) : ''Recipes of Boulestin: selected from 'The best of Boulestin', 'Simple French cooking for English homes', 'The "Evening Standard" book of menus', 'What shall we have today?' and 'A second helping'''. Londinii: Heinemann; [https://archive.org/details/classicfrenchrec0000boul exemplar mutuabile impressionis recentioris] ; Commentationes selectae * 1910 : "Le socialisme dans l'Or du Rhin" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' * 1911 : "Le couronnement des rois d'Angleterre" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Maio 1911) * 1911 : "Le problématique avenir de l'opéra en Angleterre" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Martio 1911) * 1912 : "La Flûte enchantée à Cambridge" in ''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Martio 1912) * 1913 : "Post Georgian" in ''The Blue Review'' (Iulio 1913)<ref>Vide [https://decadeonline.co.uk/f8 Grace Brockington]</ref> * 1914 : "Les post-elgariens ou la jeune école anglaise" in''Revue musicale de la Société internationale de musique'' (Ianuario 1914) * 1933 : "The Troubles of Tipping" in ''[[Daily Telegraph]]'' (25 Martii 1933) ; Cinematographica et televisifica selecta * 1936 : "A Party Dish" ("ferculum convivale": pellicula brevis sine voce) [https://player.bfi.org.uk/free/film/watch-a-party-dish-by-x-marcel-boulestin-1936-online situs difficilis] * 1937 : {{ec|id=How To Make an Omelette (1937)|c= Marcellus Boulestin, "[https://cdn2.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/6748211/How_to_Make_an_Omelette.0.mp3 How To Make an Omelette]" ("quomodo ova spongia parantur") e serie [[BBC]] ''Cook's Night Out'' (Ianuario 1937) }} == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Brigid Allen, "Boulestin, (Xavier) Marcel (1878–1943)" in {{ODNB}} * {{ec|id=Buring (1935)|c= Leo Buring, "[https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-384375296/view?sectionId=nla.obj-388866787&partId=nla.obj-384646133#page/n70/mode/1up Notes of a Gourmet: Crepes Suzette chez Boulestin]" in ''The Home'' (1 Novembris 1935) }} * [[Elizabeth David]], "Having Crossed the Channel: the work of X. Marcel Boulestin" in ''Wine and Food'' (vere 1965); reimpressa in Elizabeth David, ''An Omelette and a Glass of Wine'' (1984) * {{ec|id=Lyon (2023)|c= Phil Lyon, "Turning Point: Marcel Boulestin's 1923 ''Simple French Cooking for English Homes''" in ''Petits Propos Culinaires'' no. 125 (2023) pp. 28-52 }} * {{ec|id=Moffat (1932)|c= Donald Moffat, "Attention of Monsieur X. Marcel Boulestin" in ''[[New Yorker]]'' (21 Octobris 1932) [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1932/10/29/attention-of-monsieur-x-marcel-boulestin Situs venalis] }} * Michael Parkin, ''A Salute to Marcel Boulestin & Jean-Emile Laboureur: an exhibition of artists associated with the Restaurant Boulestin''. Londinii: Michael Parkin Fine Art, 1981; [https://www.abebooks.com/first-edition/Salute-Marcel-Boulestin-Jean-Emile-Laboureur-exhibition/30111990680/bd de hoc libro] * {{ec|id=Gazette de Bayonne (1943)|c= S., "[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k43466721 Souvenirs sur X. Marcel Boulestin]" in ''Gazette de Bayonne'' (27 Septembris 1943) }} == Nexus externi == * {{ec|id=Old Foodie (2008)|c= "[http://www.theoldfoodie.com/2008/01/tv-cook-number-one.html TV Cook, Number One]" (21 Ianuarii 2008) apud ''The Old Foodie'' }} * {{ec|id=Bustillos (2016)|c= Maria Bustillos, "[https://www.eater.com/2016/7/6/12095640/marcel-boulestin-chef-cookbook-history The Chef for Every Age: Before Anthony Bourdain, Mario Batali, or even Alice Waters, there was X. Marcel Boulestin]" (6 Iulii 2016) apud ''Eater'' }} {{Penna}} * {{ec|id=O'Brien (n.d.)|c= Richard Rhys O'Brien, "[https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/mons-x-m-boulestin/ Mons. X. M. Boulestin]" apud ''The Dinner Puzzle'' }}; vide etiam "[https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/mr-a-h-adair/ Mr. A. H. Adair]", "[https://thedinnerpuzzle.com/portfolio/the-viscountess-rhondda/ The Viscountess Rhondda]" {{Penna}} * {{ec|id=Sidney (2014)|c= Deana Sidney, "[https://lostpastremembered.blogspot.com/2014/01/marcel-boulestin-great-cookbook-writer.html Marcel Boulestin - A Great Cookbook Writer You Never Heard Of and Ham in Cream Sauce]" (16 Ianuarii 2014) apud ''Lost Past Remembered'' }} {{Lifetime|1878|1943|Boulestin, Marcellus}} [[Categoria:Artifices Angliae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]] [[Categoria:Popinarii]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores de re cibaria]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores mythistoriarum Angliae]] kwpd6myrp8eym3bje3nrje5d8yif9n9 0 301809 3958376 3674014 2026-05-05T00:32:49Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Daucus'' | image = Daucus carota0.jpg | image_caption = [[Inflorescentia]] ''Dauci carota'' | regnum = [[Plantae]] | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = [[Eudicotyledones]] | unranked_ordo = [[Asteridae]] | ordo = [[Apiales]] | familia = [[Apiaceae]] | subfamilia = [[Apioideae]] | tribus = [[Scandiceae]] | subtribus = [[Daucinae]] | genus = '''''Daucus''''' | genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus]], ,[[1753]] | species = ''Vide commentarium.'' | synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2757967 |title=''Daucus carota'' subsp. ''sativus'' (Hoffm.) Arcang. |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=theplantlist.org |publisher=The Plant List |access-date=12 Iulii 2020 }}.</ref> }} '''''Daucus''''' est [[genus (taxinomia)|genus]] [[planta]]rum [[herba]]cearum [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Apiaceae|Apiacearum]], quarum [[species]] latissime, omnem quidem per [[orbis terrarum|orbem terrarum]] nota, est [[carota (holus radicale)|carota]], [[holus radicale]]. Generi sunt circiter viginti quinque species. Veterrimum generis [[fossile]] notum, quod abhinc annorum 1.3 [[millio]]nes crescebat, in [[Insulae Materiae|Materiis]] [[insula|insulis]] in [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Oceano Atlantico]] inventum est.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Góis‐Marques|first=Carlos A.|last2=Nascimento|first2=Lea de|last3=Fernández‐Palacios|first3=José María|last4=Madeira|first4=José|last5=Sequeira|first5=Miguel Menezes de|date=[[2019]]|title=Tracing insular woodiness in giant Daucus (s.l.) fruit fossils from the Early Pleistocene of Madeira Island (Portugal)|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/tax.12175|journal=Taxon|language=en|volume=68|issue=6|pages=1314–1320|doi=10.1002/tax.12175|issn=1996-8175}}.</ref> [[Folium|Folia]], [[caulis|caules]], et [[radix|radices]] aliquot specierum a hominibus [[victus|comeduntur]]. ==Systematica== Genus circiter quadraginta septem species continet, in tris sectiones divisas.<ref>{{cite web |title=Genus Daucus |url=http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/c78fb95291f80a39db5a1a1605ed2dc1 |publisher=Catalogue of Life |access-date=30 Novembris 2020}}.</ref><ref>Lain C. Sáenz, "Research on ''Daucus'' L (Apiaceae),".''Anales Jardin Botanico De Madrid'' 37 (1981): 481–533.</ref> Inter genus digeruntur species sequentes. {{div col|2}} *''[[Daucus aureus]]'' Desfontaines *''[[Daucus broteri]]'' Tenore *''[[Daucus aleppicus]]'' *''[[Daucus annuus]]'' *''[[Daucus arcanus]]'' *''[[Daucus aureus]]'' *''[[Daucus biseriatus]]'' *''[[Daucus blanchei]]'' *''[[Daucus broteri]]'' *''[[Daucus capillifolius]]'' *''[[Daucus carota]]'' L. (carota fera) *''[[Daucus crinitus]]'' *''[[Daucus decipiens]]'' *''[[Daucus della-cellae]]'' *''[[Daucus durieua]]'' Lange *''[[Daucus edulis]]'' Lowe *''[[Daucus elegans]]'' *''[[Daucus glaberrimus]]'' *''[[Daucus glochidiatus]]'' (La Billardière) Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall. *''[[Daucus gracilis]]'' *''[[Daucus guttatus]]'' Sibthorp & Smith *''[[Daucus hirtus]]'' *''[[Daucus hochstetteri]]'' *''[[Daucus humilis]]'' *''[[Daucus incognitus]]'' *''[[Daucus insularis]]'' *''[[Daucus involucratus]]'' *''[[Daucus jordanicus]]'' *''[[Daucus littoralis]]'' Sibthorp & Smith *''[[Daucus mauritii]]'' *''[[Daucus melananthos]]'' *''[[Daucus microscias]]'' *''[[Daucus minusculus]]'' *''[[Daucus mirabilis]]'' *''[[Daucus montanus]]'' Humb. & Bonpl. ex Spreng. *''[[Daucus muricatus]]'' (L.) L. *''[[Daucus pedunculatus]]'' *''[[Daucus pumilus]]'' *''[[Daucus pusillus]]'' Michx. (carota fera Americana) *''[[Daucus reboudii]]'' *''[[Daucus ribeirensis]]'' *''[[Daucus rouyi]]'' *''[[Daucus sahariensis]]'' *''[[Daucus setifolius]]'' *''[[Daucus tenuisectus]]'' *''[[Daucus tenuissimus]]'' *''[[Daucus virgatus]]'' *''[[Daucus yemenensis]]'' {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{Taxonbar|from=Q27949}} * [https://archive.today/20121212043433/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?3418 Index specierum.] Germplasm Resources Information Network. * [http://www2.dijon.inra.fr/flore-france/da-dh.htm "Daucus - Synonyms."]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Index synonymique France. [[Categoria:Apiaceae]] [[Categoria:Genera plantarum]] [[Categoria:Holera]] [[Categoria:Radices esculentae]] [[Categoria:Taxa Linnaei]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1753]] 2t5z3bycra0wluooiddlxqys16f9v3v 0 302930 3958368 3860058 2026-05-04T21:30:31Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-2}} {{Taxobox | image = Byctiscus betulae m.jpg | image_width = 250px | image_caption = ''[[Byctiscus betulae]]'', familiae [[Attelabidae|Attelabidarum]] | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Coleoptera]] | subordo = [[Polyphaga]] | infraordo = [[Cucujiformia]] | cladus = [[Phytophaga]] | superfamilia = '''Curculionoidea''' | superfamilia_authority = [[Petrus Andreas Latreille|Latreille]], [[1802]] | subdivision_ranks = [[Familia (taxinomia)|Familiae]] | subdivision = * [[Anthribidae]] * [[Attelabidae]] * [[Belidae]] * [[Brentidae]] * [[Caridae]] * [[Curculionidae]] * †[[Mesophyletidae]] * [[Nemonychidae]] * †?[[Obrieniidae]] }} '''Curculionoidea''' sunt [[superfamilia]] [[coleoptera|coleopterorum]] [[herbivora]]rum cuius [[species]], [[nasus|naso]] praelongo praeditae, plerumque minus quam 6 [[millimetrum|millimetra]] longae sunt. Circiter 97&thinsp;000 species inter nonnullas [[familia (taxinomia)|familias]] digestae describuntur, quarum non minus 83&thinsp;000 inter [[Curculionidae|Curculionidas]] inveniuntur. Species adhuc descriptae veri numeri exigua pars esse intelleguntur, multis saltem Curculionidis [[scientia (ratio)|scientia]] nondum inventis, praecipue in [[silva pluvialis|silvis pluvialibus]] [[zona tropica|tropicis]]. Numerus finesque familiarum Curculionoideorum in scientia nondum constant.<ref>[http://weevil.info/notes-weevil-classifications Situs interretialis Curculionoideis dicatus.]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Superfamilia per [[orbis terrarum|orbem terrarum]] dilata est, continetque praeter [[Curculionidae|Curculionidas]] notissimos seriem familiarum, quae partes huius haberi solebant. Sermone vulgari "curculiones" appellantur et Curculionoidea (in [[Roma]] antiqua praecipue genus ''[[Sitophilus]]'') et larvae [[papilio]]nis ''Nemapogonis'', cum haec insecta non sint cognata sed frumento condito vesci ambo soleant;<ref>Plarre, Rudy. 2010. "An attempt to reconstruct the natural and cultural history of the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)". ''European Journal of Entomology'' 107, p. 5.</ref> in sermone scientifico Neolatino ''Curculio'' est nomen unius generis. ''[[Austroplatypus incompertus]],'' una ex superfamiliae [[species|speciebus]], [[eusocialitas|eusocialitatem]] exhibet, unum e paucis [[insecta|insectis]] praeter [[Hymenoptera]] et [[Isoptera]] quae sic se gerunt.<!--Sic enwiki, quod autem alibi dicit hanc speciem inter Bostrichoidea digestam esse?!--> ==Conspectus== In Curculionoideis est prodigiosa copia specierum corporibus omni ratione mutatis ac variis, aliae modo millimetrum longae et aliae fere 10 centimetra. Communes tamen omnibus sunt larvae [[herbivora]]e; adulti etiam sunt insignes rostro, id est vasculo capitali in anteriorem seu inferiorem partem producto, in cuius apice sita sunt membra oralia. == Mores == Curculionoidea sunt omnibus locis illata, ubi plantae atque insecta omnino esse possint, et paene omnes plantarum species quadantenus ab iis eduntur. Permultae tamen species curculionoideae unam aut paucas species plantarum proprias ac peculiares in esum habent. Nonnullae familiae et subfamiliae, praecipue [[Cossoninae]], [[Scolytinae]] et [[Platypodinae]], lignum terebrant. ==Phylogenia== [[Phylogenia]] Curculionoideorum secundum comparationem [[DNA ribosomale|DNA ribosomalis]] 18S et [[data]] [[morphologia|morphologica]] (Marvaldi et al. 2002) infra videtur. {{clade|style=font-size:100%;line-height:100% |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Nemonychidae]] |2=[[Anthribidae]] }} |2={{clade |1=[[Belidae]] |2={{clade |1=[[Attelabidae]] |2={{clade |1=[[Caridae]] |2={{clade |1=[[Brentidae]] |2=[[Curculionidae]] }} }} }} }} }} }} ==Familiae== * [[Anthribidae]], curculionoidea [[fungus|fungorum]] * [[Attelabidae]], cuculionoidea quae [[folium|folia]] subvolvunt * [[Belidae]], curculionoidea primitiva * [[Brentidae]], curculionoidea naso recto * [[Caridae]] * [[Curculionidae]], curculionoidea vera * †[[Mesophyletidae]] * [[Nemonychidae]], curculionoidea [[flos|florum]] [[pinus|pinorum]] * †?[[Obrieniidae]] ==Notae== <references /> ==Bibliographia== *Bright, Donald E., et Patrice Bouchard. [[2008]]. ''Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae: Weevils of Canada and Alaska,'' vol. 2, Insects and Arachnids of Canada Series, Pars 25. Ottavae: NRC Research Press. ISBN 978-0-660-19400-4. *Marvaldi, A. E., A. S. Sequeira, C. W. O'Brien, et B. D. Farrell. [[2002]]. "Molecular and morphological phylogenetics of weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): do niche shifts accompany diversification?" ''Systematic Biology'' 51 (5): 761–85. {{doi|10.1080/10635150290102465}}. PMID 12396590. [https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/51/5/761/1678476?login=false Textus interretialis.] ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Curculionoidea}} [[Categoria:Curculionoidea| ]] [[Categoria:Superfamiliae animalium]] t86sfvfqayxh6qmlopzk1hvmpx4l8ez 0 302989 3958385 3958267 2026-05-05T04:13:13Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958385 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Pot of Chili.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Capsicum e carne coquitur]] {{res|Capsicum e carne}}, vulgo ''chile'' vel ''chilli con carne'', est [[ferculum]] in [[Novum Mexicum|Novo Mexico]] aut [[Mexicum|Mexico]] septentrionali aut [[Texia]] inventum. Recentius Mexicani minime aestimari originemque Mexicanum negare solent, Texani autem magna parte laudant ferculumque nationale censent. [[Claudia Alta Taylor Johnson|"Lady Bird" Johnson]] Texana, praesidis uxor, "mense Novembri ineunte" ait, "primo aquilone percutiente, caelo griseo, hora circiter undecima, meditare suadeor optima quali sapore 'capsicum' ad [[cena nocturna|cenam nocturnam]] inferatur":<ref>''Along in November, when the first norther strikes, and the skies are gray, along about five o'clock in the afternoon, I get to thinking how good chili would taste for supper'': [[Claudia Alta Taylor Johnson]], epistola ({{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} p. 12)</ref> ferculum enim illa, sicut alii plures, '''''chili''''' sine pluribus (ut qui "capsicum" diceret) nuncupavit. Asseveratur enimvero [[Robertus Allan Shivers|Robertum Allan Shivers]], gubernatorem [[Texia]]e, capsicum e carne deprecatum esse hoc consilio culinario: "Ollam 'capsici' imo furno ad fervendum ponas. Ferveat semperque ferveat. Interdum bonum frustum bubulum torrefacias. Hoc comedas. Capsicum fervens semperque fervens obliviscaris."<ref>''Put a pot of chili on the back of the stove to simmer. Let it simmer and simmer. Meanwhile, broil a good sirloin steak. Eat the steak. Let the chili simmer and simmer. Forget it'': [[Robertus Allan Shivers|Allan Shivers]] fide {{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} p. 44; cf. Barry Popik [https://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/put_chili_on_stove_to_simmer_broil_a_steak_eat_the_steak_let_chili_simmer_i/ die 14 Novembris 2007]</ref> Shivers autem re vera capsicum e carne appetenter comedebat, quippe qui praeceptum culinarium capsici e cervina a se confectum divulgari permisisset.<ref name="Shivers">{{qc|id=Maddox (1953)}}</ref> [[Pulvis capsici]] (''chilli powder'') ad hoc ferculum singulo fere impenso temperandum anno circiter 1890 in [[Texia]] inventus est. == De origine multifario == [[Fasciculus:Health benefits chili-con-carne.jpg|thumb|Salubritas capsici e carne humana confecti in mythistoria "''The Enchanted Kiss''" relata: {{qc|id=Henry (1904)}}]] [[Fasciculus:San Antonio, Texas. Chili Stands. (30275794662) selected image.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Capsicum e carne in platea [[Antoniopolis|Antoniopolitana]] a venditoribus origine Hispanis anno circiter 1907 proponitur]] [[Fasciculus:Cowboy dishing up chili.jpg|thumb|Bubulcus capsicum e carne in [[Texia]] anno 1939 distribuens]] [[Fasciculus:Seattle - Mike's Chili Parlor, circa 1975 (47681099672).jpg|thumb|''Mike's Chili Parlor'', popina ubi capsicum e carne offerebatur, [[Seattlum|Seattli]] in urbe anno fere 1975 lucis ope picta]] Iam ante annum 1569 amanuenses [[Bernardinus de Sahagun|Bernardini Sahagun]] [[Navatlace]] scribentes "carnem e maizio capsicisque rubris lycopersicisque et contusis cucurbitarum granis coctam" necnon "carnem frictum ex iure capsicorum rubrorum lycopersicorumque et contusorum cucurbitae granorum" enumeraverunt.<ref>[[Bernardinus de Sahagun]], ''[[Historia general de las cosas de Nueva España]]'' (manuscriptum) [https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.wdl_10619/?sp=48 lib. 8 f. 22v sqq.] (Arthur J. O. Anderson, Charles E. Dibble, interprr., ''Bernardino de Sahagún: The Florentine Codex; General History of the Things of New Spain'' pars 9 [University of Utah Press, 1954] pp. 37-40)</ref> Haud dissimiliter post annos ducentos et sexaginta Gulielmus Bollaert iter per [[Texia]]m liberam anno circiter 1842 faciens "bubulam vel pullinam aliamque carnis speciem quoquomodo concoctam e cucurbita magnaque copia capsicorum rubrorum" descripsit, quod "inter fercula maxime exoptata" incolarum aestimavit.<ref>''a sort of stew made of beef, chicken or any other sort of meat, with pumpkin and a large quantity of red pepper is one of their favorite dishes'': William Bollaert, commentaria (W. Eugene Hollon, Ruth Lapham Butler, edd., ''William Bollaert's Texas'' [Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1956] p. 218)</ref> Ferculum, cui impensa notabilia caro et capsicum tantum sunt, quod ope [[tamal]]ium loco coclearii sumptum erit, primum anno [[1828]] in urbe [[Antoniopolis|S. Antonii]] [[Texia]]e ab incolis paratum rettulit peregrinator J. C. Clopper. Texia eo aevo provincia fuit Mexicana, incolis magna parte pauperibus Hispanice loquentibus: :Si apud macellum eis necesse sit carnem emere, perparva quantitas ad cibum omnis familiae suffici cogitur. Modo [[isicium|isicii]] consecari solet, quanta carne tantis fere capsicis, et in una concoquitur. Massae maizii paratae parvus pugillus extrahitur, manu battuitur ad tenuitatem lucunculi, in laminam ferream torretur: [[tamal|tales crispae]] loco coclearii ab indigenis adhibentur: quas in eadem patina carnis capsicique omnes simul mergunt, singula crispa duas buccellas ad maximum suppeditante, altera statim prehensa.<ref>''When they have to pay for their meat in market a very little is made to suffice a family. It is generally cut into a kind of hash with nearly as many peppers as there are pieces of meat: this is all stewed together ... When the [corn] dough is al[l] ready a small portion at a time is taken and patted in the hands till thin as a flannel cake ... These cakes are baked on sheet iron ... they answer the natives for spoons with which they all dip into the same dish of meat and peppers ..., one spoon not lasting longer than to supply with two mouthfuls when a new one is made use of'': {{qc|id=Clopper (1828)}} p. 74</ref> Rem persimilem (sed apud privatum iam effugum) Ioannes Duval miles anno [[1842]] in [[Mexicum|Mexico]] septentrionali vidit, sed ille, primus omnium nobis notorum, nomen ferculi dedit: :Duo tresve in domum aegre penetrantes mensam repperimus variis victualibus oneratam: capsico e carne, [[tortilla|tortillis]], etc., lagoenis ''[[pulque]]'' nonnullis, capsaque bonis [[sigarum|sigaris]] Hispanicis repleta.<ref>''two or three of us had picked our way into a room, where we found a table well covered with various sorts of eatables—''chili con carne'', ''tortillas'', etc., several bottles of ''pulque'', and a box full of fine ''puros'', or Spanish cigars'': {{qc|id=Duval (1870)}} pp. 174-175 fide {{qc|id=Popik (2006)}}</ref> Post quattuor fere annos Compton Smith in eadem regione explorator ad mensam convocatus est ut [[socolata]]m sumeret, "potionem ab hac sola gente perfectissime paratam", cenamque generosam participaret e ''chile con carne'', ''[[picadillo]]'', ''[[phaseolus vulgaris|frijoles]]'', ''tortillas''. Post aliquot menses ille commilitonesque, sicut iam Duval, ollas capsici cum carne prunis ferventes, comedentibus subito effugis, avide sentiverunt.<ref>''to partake of a delicious cup of chocolate, a beverage prepared only in perfection by these people, while an abundant repast of ''chile con carne'', ''picadillo'', and ''frijoles'', with ''tortillas'', were being served up'': {{qc|id=Compton Smith (1857)}} p. 137. ''What was most interesting to our hungry fellows, of all the camp equipage they left behind, were their steaming pots of ''chile con carne'', which, in their hurry to "vamos," they had left upon the embers'': {{qc|id=Compton Smith (1857)}} p. 257</ref> {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Susanna Magoffin||en|qid=Q7648379}}, iter imbelle in [[Novum Mexicum]] eodem anno faciens, prima ephemeridographorum hoc ferculum apud colonos admodum pauperes descripsit: :Dein cena: sex tortillae de {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|maizium cyaneum|maizio cyaneo|en|qid=Q4930073}}, caseus, duae ollae fictiles quibus mixtura carnis, capsicorum viridum (''chilly verde''), [[allium cepa|ceparum]] bullita est. Nec cultella, nec furcillas, nec coclearia habuimus sed ut melius potuimus duplicem tortillae frustum quaque buccella prehendimus. Buccellae vero paucae sumptae sunt: ferculum tam forte palatoque meo inusitatum haud comedere potui.<ref name="Magoffin (1846)">''And then the dinner: half a dozen ''tortillas'' made of ''blue corn'' ... a cheese ... and two earthen ''jollas'' of a mixture of meat, ''chilly verde'' and onions boiled together ... We had neither knives, forks, or spoons, but made as good substitutes as we could by doubling a piece of ''tortilla'' at every mouthful—but, by the by, there were few mouthfuls taken, for I could not eat a dish so strong and unaccustomed to my palate'': {{qc|id=Magoffin (1846)}} p. 94</ref> His verbis nomen ''chile verde'', quo Neomexicani hodierni ferculum nuncupare solent, apud eos e viridibus capsicis [[capsica Neomexicana|varietatum indigenarum]] factum, prima suggessit. Tale nomen capsicorum maturiorum (quae in [[Texia]] adhibita sunt), ''chili colorado'', inter primos [[O. Henry]] mythistoricus contextu simili adduxerit. Ille enim, [[Antoniopolis|Antoniopoli]] saeculo XX ineunte habitans, heroem mythistoriae brevis incolam huius urbis finxit, locus videlicet ubi ante septuaginta annos J. C. Clopper capsicum e carne observaverat. Ibi praeter alias urbes hoc ferculum a coquis cauponisque origine Hispanis in plateis venditabatur: :Noctu saepe illis praesepibus versus vagans delectabile ''chili-con-carne'' gustabat, ferculum ingenio Mexicano evolutum, e delicatis carnibus cum herbis aromaticis pungentique capsico rubro (''chili colorado'') compositum, singulari sapore ardentique aculeo plenum a quo palatum hominis Meridiani placeretur.<ref>''Often had Tansey strolled down to these stands at night to partake of the delectable ''chili-con-carne'', a dish evolved by the genius of Mexico, composed of delicate meats minced with aromatic herbs and the poignant ''chili colorado''—a compound full of singular savour and a fiery zest delightful to the Southern’s [1909: Southron's] palate'': {{qc|id=Henry (1904)}} p. 754</ref> [[Mythus urbanus]] "reginarum capsicorum", i.e. cauponarum pulchrarum Antoniopolitanarum capsicum e carne venditantium, eis annis (sed non e scriptis O. Henry) ortus est, locus classicus [[gastronomia Texana|gastronomiae Texanae]]. == De praeceptis variis == [[Fasciculus:Bowl of chili.jpg|thumb|Capsicum e carne et phaseolis, crispellis de maizio (''[[tortilla chips]]'') ornatum]] Capsicum e carne, pluribus locis evolutum, variis modis conficitur: apud Mexicanos spretum, a Neomexicanis appetenter sumptum, a Texanis usque ad invidiam amatur: sunt enimvero qui praecepta Texana, neque alia, recipienda suadent. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Harrius James||en|qid=Q163861}} musicus "nihil est," ait, "nisi [[jazz]], quod spiritum animumque magis sublevet quam bona patera capsici: Congressus legem ferat ut popina, capsicum offerens, praeceptis Texanis tantum conficiat".{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1=''Next to jazz music, there is nothing that lifts the spirit and strengthens the soul more than a good bowl of chili ... Congress should pass a law making it mandatory for all restaurants serving chili to follow a Texas recipe'': {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Harrius James||en|qid=Q163861}}, epistola ({{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} pp. 12-14).|2=Q163861}} Inter Texanos aegre diiudicatur. Capsicum e carne a coquis apud popinas ''Lang's chili'' olim optime inferri dicitur,<ref>{{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} pp. 19-20</ref> aut a bubulcis Texanis ad contubernales pascendos paratum. Praeceptum a coqua [[Zephyr Wright]] in usum praesidis [[Lyndon Baines Johnson]] adhibitum laudabatur, quod [[Claudia Alta Taylor Johnson|uxor]] huius sub titulo ''Pedernales River chili'' divulgaverit (ex appellatione cuiusdam latifundii ad familiam Johnson pertinentis).<ref>''Pedernales River chili'': [[Claudia Alta Taylor Johnson]], epistola ({{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} pp. 14-15, ubi praeceptum datur)</ref> Praecepta Neomexicana ''chile verde'' haud multo a Texanis differunt nisi quod capsica viridia aliter ad coquendum parantur.<ref>{{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} pp. 20-21</ref><ref name="Magoffin (1846)" /> [[Elisabetha Taylor]] actrix ferculum apud popinam occidentalissimam ''[[Chasen's]]'', [[Ruscisilva]]e in [[California]] florentem, tanto appetivit ut, [[Roma]]e morans, arcam capsici e carne Ruscisilvani sibi cursu aërio mitti mandavit.<ref>{{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} pp. 43-45 ubi praeceptum datur</ref> Plurimi per orbem terrarum his diebus capsicum e carne aut congelatum (''brick chili'' nuncupatum) aut in capsis metallicis missum in tabernis emunt.<ref>{{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} pp. 58-61; Lindsay Boyers, "[https://www.thespruceeats.com/best-canned-chili-5096878 The 9 Best Canned Chilis of 2022]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}" apud ''The Spruce Eats''. Cf. [[:en:Wolf Brand Chili|]] apud Vicipaediam Anglicam</ref> E descriptionibus antiquiores satis liquet capsicum coctum esse ex omni fere carne quam comedentes (saepius aut pauperes aut iter facientes) habere potebant. Texani Neomexicanique recentes certe bubulam praeferunt, cui nonnumquam [[baco]]nis frustula pauca addunt. Si autem caro venationis provenit, praesertim ex ''[[Odocoileus virginianus|Odocoileo virginiano]]'', minime recusant: praecepta ''venison chili'' varia reperiuntur,<ref>{{qc|id=Tolbert (1972)}} p. 14; {{qc|id=Popik (2007)}}</ref> quorum unum a gubernatore Texiae [[Robertus Allan Shivers|Roberto Allan Shivers]] propositum est.<ref name="Shivers" /> Capsicum e carne virginis humanae, quoquo mense ante lunam plenam sumendum, nullibi nisi in mythistoria phantastica [[O. Henry]] describitur.<ref>''The ''chili-con-carne'' made not from the beef or the chicken, but from the flesh of the ''señorita''—young and tender ... Everee month you must eat of it ... before the moon is full'': {{qc|id=Henry (1904)}} p. 755</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Bowl of Chili No Beans.jpg|thumb|Capsicum e carne sine phaseolis inlatum]] [[Fasciculus:Chili con carne aboard an Austrian Railjet train.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Capsicum e carne cum [[polenta]] e maizio aquaque minerali [[Bad Vöslau]] viatori in [[tramen|tramine]] inlatum]] ; Fontes antiquiores * 1828 : {{ec|id=Clopper (1828)|c=J. C. Clopper, ephemeris ("[https://www.jstor.org/stable/30242976 J. C. Clopper's Journal and Book of Memoranda for 1828]" in ''Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association'' vol. 13 [1909] pp. 44-80)}} * c. 1842 : {{ec|id=Bollaert (c. 1842)|c=William Bollaert, commentaria (W. Eugene Hollon, Ruth Lapham Butler, edd., ''William Bollaert's Texas'' [Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1956] p. 218)}} * 1846 : {{ec|id=Magoffin (1846)|c=Susan Shelby Magoffin, ephemeris (Stella M. Drumm, ed., ''Down the Santa Fe Trail and into Mexico: The Diary of Susan Shelby Magoffin, 1846–1847'' [Novo Portu: Yale University Press, 1962] [http://cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx/la/1020000885/1020000885.PDF p. 94], cf. p. 150}} * 1857 : {{ec|id=Compton Smith (1857)|c=S. Compton Smith, ''Chile Con Carne, or The Camp and the Field''. Novi Eboraci: Miller & Curtis {{Google Books|MuIrAQAAMAAJ}}}} * 1870 : {{ec|id=Duval (1870)|c=John C. Duval, ''The Adventures of Big-Foot Wallace, the Texas ranger and hunter'' (Macon Georgiae: J. W. Burke}} * 1898 : {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Henricus Clay Irish|H. C. Irish|es|qid=Q6442675}}, "A revision of the genus Capsicum, with especial reference to garden varieties" in ''Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report'' (1898) pp. 53-110, [https://archive.org/details/revisionofgenusc00irisrich/page/58/mode/2up vide p. 59] "''Chilli con carne consists of the small pungent peppers finely ground and mixed with meat. It is much used in the Southern United States''" * 1904 : {{ec|id=Henry (1904)|c=[[O. Henry]], "[https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth139344/m1/3/ The Enchanted Kiss]" in ''Metropolitan Magazine'' (Februario 1904) pp. 747-757; reimpressum in O. Henry, ''Roads of Destiny'' (1909) [https://archive.org/details/roadsofdestiny0000henr/page/196/mode/2up cf. pp. 197-212 editionis 1918] ("chili-con-carne")}} ; Eruditio * John G. Bourke, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/533082 The Folk-Foods of the Rio Grande Valley and of Northern Mexico]" in ''Journal of American Folklore'' vol. 8 (1895) pp. 41-71, vide pp. 60-61 et 68 * {{ec|id=Cooper (1952)|c=Joe E. Cooper, ''With or Without Beans''. Henson Texiae, 1952}} * Gregory McNamee, ''Tortillas, Tiswin and T-bones: a food history of the southwest'' (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2017) pp. 70-71, 151, 187 * Keith J. Guenther, "The Development of the Mexican-American Cuisine" in * [[Alanus Davidson|Alan Davidson]], ed., ''National and Regional Styles of Cookery: Proceedings: Oxford Symposium 1981'' (Londinii: Prospect Books, 1981) {{Google Books|zcNdB_sl2JkC|pp. 262-285: vide pp. 273-279}} * Jeffrey M. Pilcher, ''Planet Taco: a global history of Mexican food'' (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 2012) pp. 66-67 * Jeffrey M. Pilcher, Donna R. Gabaccia, "‘Chili Queens’ and Checkered Tablecloths: Public Dining Cultures of Italians in New York City and Mexicans in San Antonio, Texas, 1870s–1940s" in ''Radical History Review'' no. 110 (2011) pp. 109–126 * {{ec|id=Tolbert (1972)|c=Frank X. Tolbert, ''A Bowl of Red: A Natural History of Chili con Carne''. Garden City Novi Eboraci: Doubleday, 1972; 1a ed.: 1966 [https://archive.org/details/bowlofred00tolb Exemplar mutuabile]}} * {{ec|id=Wallach (2013)|c="The Appropriation of Mexican Foods" in Jennifer Jensen Wallach, ''How America Eats: A Social History of U. S. Food and Culture'' (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2013) cap. 7}} * {{ec|id=Walsh (2004)|c="Chili con carne: the chili stands and the chili queens" in Robb Walsh, ''The Tex-Mex Cookbook: A History in Recipes and Photos'' (Novi Eboraci: Broadway Books, 2004) cap. 3}} ; Praecepta culinaria * 1877/1890 : ''The Recipe Book of Lillie Hitchcock Coit'' (editio Berkeleiae: Friends of the Bancroft Library, 1998) * 1953 : {{ec|id=Maddox (1953)|c=Gaynor Maddox, "Allan Shivers Gives Venison Chili Recipe" in ''Reporter-News'' (Abilene Texiae, 19 Martii 1953) p. 15A fide {{qc|id=Popik (2007)}}}} * 1965 : Mary Faulk Koock, ''The Texas Cookbook'' (Denton Texiae: University of North Texas Press) [https://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/texas/entry/venison_chili_deer_chili_deer_meat_chili/ p. 49 editionis 2001] (''Venison Chili'') * 1986 : Joanne Smith, ''Texas Highways Cookbook'' (Austinopoli: University of Texas Press) [https://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/texas/entry/venison_chili_deer_chili_deer_meat_chili/ p. 47] (''Venison Chili'') {{NexInt}} * [[Gastronomia Antoniopolitana]] == Nexus externi == * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20220520041235/https://chili.org/ Chili Appreciation Society International]'' * {{ec|id=Popik (2006)|c=Barry Popik, "[https://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/texas/entry/chile_con_carne/ Chile con Carne]"}} * {{ec|id=Popik (2007)|c=Barry Popik, "[https://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/texas/entry/venison_chili_deer_chili_deer_meat_chili/ Venison Chili (Deer Chili; Deer Meat Chili)]"}} [[Categoria:Fercula e capsicis]] [[Categoria:Fercula e carnibus]] [[Categoria:Cibus promptus]] [[Categoria:Gastronomia Texana]] [[Categoria:Ars coquinaria Mexicana]] [[Categoria:Gastronomia Neomexicana]] qk7l03qrldnuutbdwvqymqar1gnkqmb 0 304311 3958395 3957621 2026-05-05T04:28:59Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Sylvia Wu}}, nomine nativo Sinensi 鄭鏡宇 ''Zheng Jingyu'' ([[Jiujiang]] in urbe provinciae [[Quiansia]]e die [[24 Octobris]] [[1915]] nata;<ref>"By American calculations, she turned 99 on Oct. 24": {{qc|id=Groves (2014)}}.</ref> die [[19 Septembris|19]] vel [[29 Septembris]] [[2022]] mortua),<ref>"She died at the age of 106 on September 19, as reported by The Associated Press": Dolores Quintana, "[https://smmirror.com/2022/10/madame-wu-famed-santa-monica-restaurateur-dies-at-106/ Madame Wu, Famed Santa Monica Restaurateur, Dies at 106]" in ''Santa Monica Mirror'' (7 Octobris 2022); "Wu died Sept. 29 at 106": {{qc|id=Marble (2022)}}</ref> coqua modo [[ars coquinaria Sinensis|Sinensi]], in [[California]] celebrabatur. == Iuventus == [[Fasciculus:Da-zha-xie.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|Cancri fluviatiles (''[[Eriocheir sinensis]]'') autumno [[Sciamhaevum|Sciamhaevi]] in popinam inlati]] Matrem cito a patre divortio separatam nunquam cognovit. Apud avum [[mercator]]em ganeonemque crescebat (sed a coquina exclusa) [[Jiujiang]] in urbe provinciae [[Quiansia]]e. Annum agens nonam patrem amisit, post quinque annos et avum; his annis apud religiosas Catholicas educata est. Sinis ab [[Iaponia|Iaponensibus]] obsessis, cum femininis patris sui cognatis statim [[Sciamhaevum]], deinde [[Hongcongum]] fugit.<ref>{{qc|id=Peck (1980)}}</ref> Ibi cognovit [[Rosamunda Song Qingling|Rosamundam]], praesidis [[Sun Yat-sen]] uxorem, quam per omnem vitam admiraverit memoriamque libro Anglice scripto commemoraverit.<ref name="Dosti (1994)">{{qc|id=Dosti (1994)}}</ref> Cui adiuvante donativa caritatis Hongcongi requiritabat ad Sinenses sub obsessione Iaponica patientes consolanda:<ref>{{qc|id=Loper (1990)}}</ref> dum hoc opus perficiebat iuvenem King Yan Wu (伍競仁 ''Wǔ Jìngrén'') cognovit, filium primi ministri [[Wu Chaoshu]], studentem iam [[universitas Hongcongensis|universitatis Hongcongensis]] [[Bostonia]]m mox petiturum. [[Fasciculus:HK 中環 Central 威靈頓街 Wellington Street shop night March 2020 SS2 06.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|''Luk Yu Tea House'': aedes thearia [[Hongcongum|Hongcongi]] anno 1933 condita, etiam hodie speciosa]] Illa [[Calcutta]]m anno [[1944]] adiuvante amico aëronauta visitavit, unde subito, adiuvante consule Sinensi, per [[Bombaya]]m in [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitates Foederatas]] migrare potuit (quippe quae e molesta aviae tutela effugiebat), hac lege, ut apud ''[[Associatio Iuvenum Mulierum Christiana|YWCA]]'' degeret studiumque frequentaret.<ref>''The Chinese consul general said he could help us ... if we would agree to go to school and live at the YWCA. Within a couple of weeks we sailed from Bombay. It's hard to believe I had the courage to agree but I did ... My stepgrandmother was furious with me, but it was war time and the old traditions were set aside'': {{qc|id=Peck (1980)}}</ref> Ergo apud {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Collegium Praeceptorum Universitatis Columbiae|Collegium praeceptorum|en|qid=Q7691246}} [[universitas Columbiae|universitatis Columbiae]] matriculata est, ubi rursus King Yan Wu occurrens, iam ingeniario tironi [[Massachusettense Institutum Technologiae|Instituti Technologiae Massachusettensis]], eo die [[5 Augusti]] [[1945]] nupsit. Cui tres liberos peperit, Patricium Wu iuris consultum, {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Georgius Wu|Georgium Wu|en|qid=Q5540123}} iudicem Californiensem, Lorettam cancere affectam annum trigesimum quartum agentem mortuam. == ''Wu's Garden'' et ''Madame Wu's Garden'' == [[Fasciculus:Chow mein by Aaron Gustafson in Austin, Texas.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Ars coquinaria Sino-Americana]]: [[Chow mein]] sicut [[Franciscus Sinatra]] vano apud Sylviam Wu postulavit (sed hac imagine [[Austinopolis|Austinopoli]] in [[Texia]] parata)]] Mariti duodecim annos [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]] habitaverunt, deinde [[Angelopolis|Angelopolim]] petiverunt, ubi in regione suburbana opulenta {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Brentwood (Angelopolis)|Brentwood|en|qid=Q909975}} habitare coeperunt. Ibi Sylvia Wu anno [[1961]]<ref>{{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}. "Anno 1960": {{qc|id=Richmond (2006)}}. "Anno 1959": {{qc|id=Loper (1990)}} recentioresque multi</ref> (filiis iam scholas frequentantibus) popinam stilo Sinensi condidit, nomine ''Wu's Garden'',<ref>{{qc|id=Groves (2014)}}</ref> no. 2628 ad ''[[Wilshire Boulevard]]'' urbis [[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]] positam, proxime a domo sua iacentem. Ganeas enim iam in {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|vicus Sinensis (Angelopolis)|vico Sinensi|en|qid=Q2555601}} et ubique per Angelopolim visas quae se Sinicas esse praetendebant, nihil fere nisi ''[[chop suey]]'' praebentes, contemnabat: tales autem popinas Neo-Eboracenses neque satis urbanas neque decenter obsequiosas censebat. Fercula vera arte coquinaria Sinensi confecta, sed Californiensibus grata, offerre proposuit domo admodum luxuoso,<ref>{{qc|id=Winchell (1963)}}; {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}</ref> illis aedibus speciosis, festivis, dispendiosis non dissimili ubi olim Hongcongi in urbe cenaverat.<ref>''Something closer to the places she went to dinner in Hong Kong — extravagant, fun, a little bit flashy'': {{qc|id=Rao (2022)}}</ref> Novi Eboraci duodecim annos materfamilias morans opus coquinae minime sciebat, nisi quod, Hongcongum cum marito semel petens, socro incitante, sibi in Civitates Foederatas ancillam rei cibariae peritam reduxerat: e qua mercatum parationemque ciborum artemque coquinae didicit.<ref>{{qc|id=Dosti (1994)}}; {{qc|id=Rao (2022)}}</ref> Avi insuper meminit qui Jiujiang in urbe quotannis statim de [[Eriocheir sinensis|cancris fluviatilibus]] provenientibus certior factus ad mercatum properavit, meliora selegit, domi ipse paravit, puellulae ad cenam familiarem adsedenti obtulit, eam hoc ferculum super omnes frui bene sciens.<ref>''The moment her grandfather got word that freshwater crabs were in season, he headed to the market to pick some out, and prepared them himself. At the family dinner, he set the platter of crab directly in front of Ms. Wu. Fresh water crabs were her favorite, so she recognized this for what it was: a universal gesture of love'': {{qc|id=Rao (2022)}}</ref> His studiis docta, inter coquas, quae ad Civitates Foederatas scientiam suam apportabant, innotuit iuxta [[Joyce Chen]] [[Bostonia]]e ab [[1958]], [[Caecilia Chiang]] [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopoli]] ab [[1962]] laborantes. [[Fasciculus:Chinesechickensalad.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Ars coquinaria Sino-Americana]]: [[Acetaria e pullina Sinensis]] in [[Texia]] inlata]] [[Fasciculus:Peking Duck Duck House, Monterey Park CA.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Ars coquinaria Sino-Americana]]: [[Anas modo Pechinensi]] [[adeps|adipe]] deminuta, sicut Sylvia Wu prima invenit, in [[Monterey Park]] [[California]]e parata]] Clientibus loculum potorium reclamantibus, post duos annos tabernam adiacentem emit ibique [[Cauponula|tabulam potoriam]] instituit.<ref name="Dosti (1998)">{{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}</ref> ''Wu's Garden'' ita aucta in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' "ganea [[Cantonia|Cantonensis]] deliciosa" laudatur, "locus venustus elegansque ubi obsequia, risa, alimenta caelestia pretiis modestioribus venundari solent"<ref>''Delightful little Cantonese restaurant ... charming, tasteful place where services, smiles and heavenly food at moderate prices are the rule'': {{qc|id=Winchell (1963)}}</ref> Ad hanc tabulam domina frequentatoresque maiorem popinam futuram proiciebant, tricliniis separatis atrioque maximo munitam.<ref name="Dosti (1998)" /> Quo post aliquot annos statuto, domos priscas [[Caelestinus Drago]] emit ibique popinam Italicam usque in annum fere 2020 tenuit,<ref>{{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}; "A Sicilian Craving" in ''Los Angeles Times Magazine'' (16 Iulii 1995); "[https://web.archive.org/web/20221009203915/https://hawaiifoodandwinefestival.com/talent/celestino-drago/ Celestino Drago]"; "[[:en:Drago restaurants|Drago restaurants]]" apud Vicipaediam Anglicam</ref> sed Sylvia Wu praedium maius prope iacens acquisivit, no. 2101 ''Wilshire Boulevard'' (ubi ruinae coffearii ''Swiss Chalet'' putrabant). Aedem de novo rapidius construxit (architecto Guidone Moore) convivas trecentos accipientem, antiquitatibus Sinicis aquisque cadentibus piscinaque [[Cyprinus rubrofuscus|cyprinorum]] multicolorum ornavit, "hortum dominae Wu" (''Madame Wu's Garden'') nominavit. Novam popinam anno [[1968]] ineunte inauguravit. Cenatores in via ante aedem quotidie exspectabant: diurnarii periegetaeque locum elegantem et [[Epicurus|Epicureanum]] describebant, etiamsi de re cibaria pauca dixissent. His locis convenerunt actores directoresque [[Ruscisilva]]ni optimatesque in California versati, quos domina Wu protegebat et indulgebat. Urbanitate sua modo Sinensi omnes bene faciebat: famosissimos ad fundum aedis procul a spectantibus recumbi curabat; ferculum quod indignum censebat statim in coquinam ad supponendum remittebat.<ref name="Dosti (1998)" /> De ferculis Sino-Americanis sicut [[foo young]], [[chop suey]], [[anatina compressa (ferculum Sinense)|anatina compressa ex amygdalis]], se antea omnino nescivisse confessa est, "sed nihil aliud in ganeis Sinicis Californiensibus offerebatur. Haec hodie nunquam paramur."<ref>''That's what was being served in Chinese restaurants in those days ... Now we don't serve any of those dishes'': {{qc|id=Dosti (1994)}}; {{qc|id=Peck (1980)}}</ref> Nihilominus a principio, pauca de arte coquinaria sciens, coquos ex istas ganeas irretitos adhibebat, talia fercula inferebat, sed rapidissime, vera hospitalitate Sinensi, iuxta desideria cenatorum habitudines suas et coquinae suae mutavit. [[Glutamatum monosodii]] (ubique in Sinis popinisque Sinicis receptum) petitione clientium expulsit.<ref name="Dosti (1998)" /> Ita [[Franciscus Sinatra|Francisco Sinatra]] (cuius nupta [[Mia Farrow]] conscholaris fuerat Lorettae Wu){{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1=''"Frank Sinatra came in one time with Mia, and when she saw my daughter, she said, 'Loretta, what are you doing here?' Loretta said, 'My mother owns the joint'"'': {{qc|id=Peck (1980)}}: virgines {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|schola Superior Marymount|scholam superiorem Marymount|en|qid=Q6781626}} frequentaverant.|2=Q6781626}} [[chow mein]] postulante, domina Wu mandatum tacite commutavit inventionemque suam substituit "[[bubula Wu|bubulam Wu]]", videlicet offam lateralem bovinam e cepis et [[Liquamen ostrearum|liquamine ostreario]]. Ab hoc tempore Sinatra et Mia Farrow, chow mein oblito, semper bubulam Wu postulabant.<ref>''Wu ordered her waiter to forget the chow mein and send him one of her kitchen's own creations, Wu's Beef, a dish of flank steak with onions and oyster sauce. "I knew he would like Wu's Beef. The thing was to get him to taste it," she says'': {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}</ref> {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Regimen Pritikin|Regimine Pritikin|en|qid=Q2110967}} anno [[1979]] innotescente illa "regimen macrobioticum" (''long-life diet''), adipe sale cholesterolo deminutis, in popinam suam introduxit: ita [[Caseus soiae|caseum soiae]] (''tofu'') ante alios in Californiam introduxit;<ref>{{qc|id=Dosti (1994)}} et {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}</ref> ita [[Laurentius Welk|Laurentio Welk]] anatem sine adipe ex holeribus postulante [[anas modo Pechinensi|anatem modo Pechinensi]] ab hoc tempore paravit adipe subcutaneo (cenatoribus Sinensibus caro) dissoluto remotoque et "anatem Pechinensem adipe expolitam" nominavit:<ref>''"In China, people like the fatty skin, but not here ... Lawrence Welk wanted whole steamed duck and vegetables, so that's what we served him"'': {{qc|id=Dosti (1994)}}. ''Air-dry the ducks as usual, but render off as much fat as possible in the roasting process. Leave nothing but meat, wrapped in the finest, thinnest, crispiest shell of burnished skin, with no chewy fat underneath'': {{qc|id=Rao (2022)}}</ref> hoc ferculum [[Gratia Kelly|Gratiae Kelly]] semper placuit.<ref>{{qc|id=Groves (2014)}}</ref> [[Carius Grant|Cary Grant]] olim de [[acetaria e pullina Sinensis|acetaria e pullina]] iactante quam in popina iuxta ''La Cienega Boulevard'' gustaverat, domina Wu ferculi non dissimilis olim ad epulas Sciamhaevenses inlati meminit e pullina contrita, collyris frictis, cepis viridibus, amygdalis tostis: talem acetariam statim confecit quae recentius ubique per Civitates Foederatas ad prandia infertur.<ref>{{qc|id=Dosti (1994)}} et {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}; {{qc|id=Richmond (2006)}}; {{qc|id=Rao (2022)}}</ref> Idem ferculum [[Antonius Hopkins|Antonium Hopkins]] perfrui refertur.<ref>''"He loves my chicken salad"'': {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}</ref> [[Iacobus Benny]] [[iuscellum e pinnis selachiorum]] "ad vitalitatem conservandam" mandavisse dicitur.<ref>[[Richmond (2006)]]</ref> [[Mae West]] die Solis apud dominam Wu cenare solebat: sunt qui [[iuscellum benincasae]], sunt qui [[iuscellum e nidis aerodramorum|e nidis aerodramorum]] postulavisse aiunt.<ref>{{qc|id=Marble (2022)}}; {{qc|id=Groves (2014)}}</ref> [[Gregorius Peck]] et [[Paulus Newman]] crispellas e [[Cancrarium genus|cancris]] panesque tostas e [[Squillarum genus|cammaris]] praeferebant,<ref>{{qc|id=Marble (2022)}}</ref> has etiam liberos [[Carola Burnett|Carolae Burnett]].<ref>{{qc|id=Groves (2014)}}</ref> Inter frequentatores insuper citantur [[Iulia Andrews]], [[Anna Baxter]], [[Georgius Burns]], [[Ioannes Carson]], [[Thomas Cruise]], [[Iacobus Doolittle]], [[Kirk Douglas]], [[Ioanna Fonda]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioanna Hale||en|qid=Q3172474}} (quacum Sylvia in Sinas iter fecit), {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Georgius Hamilton||en|qid=Q359416}}, [[Charlton Heston]], [[Peggy Lee]], [[Jack Lemmon]], [[Carolus Malden]], [[Gualterius Matthau]], [[Anna Miller]], [[Vincentius Price]], [[Antonius Quinn]], [[Robertus Redford]], [[Caesar Romero]], [[Stephanus Spielberg]], [[Elisabetha Taylor]] necnon {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Irving Lazar||en|qid=Q3154617}} commissarius scaenicus, [[Ronaldus Reagan]] praeses futurus, [[Gratia Kelly]] principissa Monoecensis futura, [[Petrus Barton Wilson|Petrus Wilson]] gubernator Californiae.<ref>Fontes principales enumerationis: {{qc|id=Dosti (1994)}} et {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}</ref> == Senectus == Lecturis coquinariis apud popinam datis primum de re culinaria librum parabat, anno [[1973]] proditurum: nonnumquam [[Londinium]], [[Lutetia]]m invitata est ad certamina culinaria iudicanda. Anno [[1978]] [[Sinae (regio)|Sinas]] primum petivit [[Rosamunda Song Qingling|Rosamundamque]], [[Sun Yat-sen]] uxorem, visitavit de qua memorabilia mox divulgavit.<ref>{{qc|id=Rao (2022)}}; {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}; {{qc|id=Peck (1980)}}</ref> Annis 1990, novis thermopoliis ganeisque plurimis circa Angelopolim florentibus, Sylvia Wu post annos 37, iam per Californiam celebra et amata, popinam suam mense Februario [[1998]] clusit.<ref>Angela Pettera, "[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-dec-25-ca-2056-story.html Madame Wu Gets Ready to Close Her Garden]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (25 Decembris 1997); {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}; ''Everybody in this town knows Madame Wu. One of the dearest, sweetest, most elegant women I’ve ever known''. {{qc|id=Griffin (1998)}}</ref> Annis 1990 et 2000 pecunias ad infantes orbos puerosque pauperes et mancos [[Formosa|Taivaniae]] necnon alibi adiuvandos assidue congerebat.<ref>{{qc|id=Loper (1990)}}; {{qc|id=Dosti (1998)}}</ref> Hoc tempore in oppido [[Pacific Palisades]] habitabat, ubi maritus anno [[2011]] mortuus est.<ref>"[https://www.palipost.com/king-yan-wu-engineer-madame-wu-co-owner/ King Yan Wu, Engineer, Madame Wu Co-Owner]{{Nexus deficit|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}" (necrologia) in ''Palisadian-Post'' (31 Martii 2011).</ref> == Scripta == * 1974 : ''Madame Wu's Art of Chinese Cooking'' [https://archive.org/details/madamewusartofch00wusy Exemplar mutuabile editionis 1976] <ref>Sunt qui "Madam" loco "Madame" primam editionem intitulant</ref> * 1982 : ''Memories of Madame Sun: First Lady of China''. Sanctae Monicae: Dennis-Landman Publishers * 1984 : ''Cooking With Madame Wu: yin and yang recipes for health and longevity''. Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill * 2001 : ''Madame Wu's Garden : a pictorial history of a celebrated landmark''. Sanctae Monicae: Wu Enterprises == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{ec|id=Dosti (1994)|c=Rose Dosti, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20151203162746/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-11-03/food/fo-58026_1_madame-wu The Unsinkable Madame Wu]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (3 Novembris 1994)}} * {{ec|id=Dosti (1998)|c=Rose Dosti, "[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-feb-11-fo-17744-story.html The Crimson Door Closes]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (11 Februarii 1998) {{Penna}}}} * {{ec|id=Griffin (1998)|c=[[Mervyn Griffin|Merv Griffin]], "Closing time at Madame Wu's" in ''USA Today'' (29 Ianuarii 1998)}} * {{ec|id=Groves (2014)|c=Martha Groves, "[https://www.latimes.com/local/great-reads/la-me-c1-madame-wu-20141117-story.html When Madame Wu’s was the place for supper and celebs]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (17 Novembris 2014)}} * {{ec|id=Ho (2022)|c=Vivian Ho, "[https://www.saveur.com/culture/obituary-madame-wu-chinese-chicken-salad/ The Inventor of Chinese Chicken Salad Has Died at 106]" (8 Novembris 2022) apud ''Saveur''}} * {{ec|id=Loper (1990)|c=Mary Lou Loper, "[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110603909/city-of-hope-honors-sylvia-wu/ City of Hope Honors Sylvia Wu]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (30 Aprilis 1990)}} * {{ec|id=Marble (2022)|c=Steve Marble, "[https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-10-01/madame-wu-famed-westside-restauranteur-who-served-the-stars-dies Madame Wu, famed Westside restaurateur who served the stars, dies at 106]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (1/2 Octobris 2022)}} * {{ec|id=Peck (1980)|c=Stacey Peck, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20150906061113/https://www.kcet.org/living/food/1980%20Sylvia%20and%20King%20Wu.pdf Home Q&A: Sylvia and King Wu]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (16 Martii 1980)}} * {{ec|id=Rao (2022)|c=Tejal Rao, "[https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/07/dining/madame-wus-chinese-food-garden-restaurant.html Madame Wu’s Chinese Food Was Glamorous and Transformative]" in ''[[New York Times]]'' (7 Octobris 2022)}} * {{ec|id=Richmond (2006)|c=Akasha Richmond, ''Hollywood Dish: More Than 150 Delicious, Healthy Recipes from Hollywood's Chef to the Stars'' (Novi Eboraci: Avery, 2006) pp. 150-151 [https://archive.org/details/hollywooddishmor0000rich/ Exemplar mutuabile]* {{ec|id=Winchell (1963)|c=Joan Winchell, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20150906124706/https://www.kcet.org/living/food/1963%20madame%20wu%20realizes%20dream.pdf Mme. Wu Realizes Dream]" in ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' (15 Februarii 1963)}}}} == Nexus externi == * "[https://china.usc.edu/happy-thanksgiving-recipes-madame-wu Happy Thanksgiving - Recipes From Madame Wu]" (25 Novembris 2005) apud ''USC US-China Institute'' * "[https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121471/6655665 伍夫人花園餐廳創辦人伍鄭鏡宇仙逝 享期頤高壽106]{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}" (1 Octobris 2022) apud ''World Journal'' * Hadley Meares, "[https://www.kcet.org/food-discovery/food/the-remarkable-madame-wu The Remarkable Madame Wu]" (24 Februarii 2015) apud ''KCET'' {{Penna}} {{Lifetime|1915|2022|Wu, Sylvia}} [[Categoria:Artifices Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Coqui]] [[Categoria:Incolae Californiae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Sericae]] [[Categoria:Philanthropi]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Scriptores de re cibaria]] [[Categoria:Popinarii]] hp6k0qrunkq69xb7wiuu796n4wren7o 0 304473 3958416 3729577 2026-05-05T08:06:25Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tiro}} {{Latinitas|-2}} {{Legifera|nomen=Domus Communium Britanniarum Regni|coa_pic=|coa-pic=|camera_imaginis=|modus_camerae=Domus inferior|camerae=|modus_ductoris1=Orator|ductor1=Lindsay Hoyle|factio1=|comitia1=4 Novembris 2019|modus_ductoris2=Primus minister|ductor2=[[Rishi Sunak]]|factio2=[[Factio conservativa (Britanniarum Regnum)|Factio Conservativa]]|comitia2=25 Octubris 2022|membri=|factiones='''Administratio:'''<br>[[Factio conservativa (Britanniarum Regnum)|Factio Conservativa]] (357) '''Oppositio:'''<br>[[Factio laboris (Britanniarum Regnum)|Factio Laboris]] (196)<br>[[Factio Scotica Nationalis]] (44)<br>[[Factio liberalis democratica (Britanniarum Regnum)|Democraticae Liberales]] (14)<br>[[Factio Unionistarum Democratica]] (8)<br>[[Nos ipsi (factio)|Nos Ipsi]] (7)<br>[[Factio Cambriae]] (3)<br>[[Factio Socialis Democratica et Laboris]] (2)<br>[[Factio Alba]] (2)<br>[[Factio foederis (Britanniarum Regnum)|Factio Foederis]] (1)<br>[[Factio viridis (Britanniarum Regnum)|Factio Viridis]] (1) <br>Independentes{{dubsig}} (13)<br>[[Orator (parlamentum Britannicum)|Orator]] ([[Lindsay Hoyle|1]])|comitia3=4 Aprilis 2020|locus_congressus=[[Palatium Vestmonasteriense]]|nexus=https://www.parliament.uk/business/commons/|membra=650|ductor3=[[Keir Starmer]]|factio3=[[Factio Laboris (Britanniarum Regnum)|Factio Laboris]]|modus_ductoris3=Dux Oppositionis}} '''Camera'''<ref>"Sic iubente ... amplissima Camera Communium ..." {{Google Books|wS8SUW-mabIC|pp. 23-24}}</ref> vel '''Domus Communium'''<ref>"Domus Communium": Woolrych, ''Lives of Eminent Serjeants-at-Law'' vol. 1 (1869) [http://www.minnesotalegalhistoryproject.org/assets/Woolryc%20Lives%20of%20Eminent%20Serjeants%20Vol%201.pdf p. 260]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> est inferior [[Parlamentum Britannicum|Parlamenti Britannici]] camera, cui superat [[Domus Parium]]. Corpus maius legum [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicarum]] facit. Senatores vel legatos 650 habet, quos modo [[democratia|democratico]] populus Britannicus eligit. Domus [[primus minister|primum ministrum]] [[rex|regis]] vel reginae creat, qui plerumque maximus factionis dux ministros suae [[rectio]]nis creat. Domus suum [[orator (parlamentum Britannicum)|oratorem]] eligit, qui domui praeest. ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== * ''[https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-of-Commons-British-government Encyclopaedia Britannica]'' [[Categoria:Parlamentum Regni Britanniarum]] 21cgn1azb3n15qg2fa6kmig7001w5vi 0 305475 3958404 3921360 2026-05-05T04:36:43Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958404 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dies internationalis Bralle''' est dies internationalis{{dubsig}} quae die [[4 Ianuarii]] quotannis celebratur ad usum [[scriptura Braille|scripturae Braille]] promovendum et [[iura humana]] caecorum protegendum; decreta est a [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociatione Nationum]] anno [[2019]] apud [[Pactio de iuribus hominum invalidorum|pactionem de iuribus hominum invalidorum]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190104043617/https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/01/1029742 First-ever World Braille Day underscores importance of written language for human rights.]</ref> Origo dies [[natalis]] [[Ludovicus Braille|Ludovici Braiile]], inventor scripturae Braille. == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} *[[Dies internationalis linguarum gesticulatoriarum]] *[[Dies Internationalis Hominum cum Invaliditate]] == Nexus externi == *[https://www.un.org/es/observances/braille-day Dies internationalis Braille] (Nationum Unitarum) [[Categoria:Invaliditas]] [[Categoria:Nationes Unitae]] [[Categoria:Ritus Ianuarii]] 5hsnbcste8q8ln51cr4t7kdyp2iua53 0 310544 3958377 3809465 2026-05-05T00:42:19Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''David Choquehuanca Céspedes''' (ad [[Cota Cota Baja]] natus die [[7 Maii]] [[1961]]) est politicus [[Bolivia]]e. E populo [[Aymara]] ortus, filius coloni qui et iuxta collegia operariorum laboravit, domi ad ripas [[Lacus Titicaca]] et in [[Urbs Pacensis|urbe Pacensi]] necnon [[Havana]]e in [[Cuba]] educatus est. Alumnus est [[Universitas Maior Pacensis Divi Andreae|universitatis maioris Pacensis Divi Andreae]]. Minister rerum externarum a die [[23 Ianuarii]] [[2006]] usque in [[23 Ianuarii|eudem diem]] [[2017]] meruit. Praeses vicarius Boliviae die [[8 Novembris]] [[2020]] creatus est. == Bibliographia == * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20201108202205/https://lapatria.bo/2020/11/08/david-choquehuanca-de-su-humilde-cota-cota-a-vicepresidente-de-bolivia/ David Choquehuanca de su humilde Cota-Cota a Vicepresidente de Bolivia]" in ''La Patria'' (8 Novembris 2020) == Nexus externi == {{Ministri rerum externarum Boliviani}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Choquehuanca, David}} [[Categoria:Ministri rerum externarum]] [[Categoria:Politici Boliviae]] [[Categoria:Nati 1961]] [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Maioris Pacensis Divi Andreae]] [[Categoria:Aymara]] p0anvgmwwicwhzgzw67d63nps8zeeud 0 313886 3958400 3956922 2026-05-05T04:33:22Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Maturinus Gilbertus}}, vulgo ''Maturino Gilberti''{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1=Nomen Francogallicum ''Mathurin Gilbert'' proposuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sergius Gruzinski||fr|qid=Q3479345}} (''La Guerre des images'' [Lutetiae: Fayard, 1990] p. 170)|2=Q3479345}} ([[Pictavium|Pictavii]] in [[Francia]] natus<ref>{{qc|id= Warren (1990)}}, {{qc|id= Martínez Baracs (2005)}} pp. 77-78. [[Tolosa]]e natus, origine [[Italia|Italus]]: {{qc|id=Salas Murillo (1990)}}</ref> anno 1507/[[1508]];<ref>Sic {{qc|id= Warren (1987)}}, {{qc|id= Warren (1990)}}; cui secutus est {{qc|id= Martínez Baracs (2005)}} pp. 77-78, fontibus citatis; "c. 1507": {{qc|id= Martínez Baracs (2020)}}. Sunt qui "1498" per errorem asseveraverunt: {{qc|id=Fernández del Castillo (1982)}}; {{qc|id=Salas Murillo (1990)}}</ref> [[Tzintzuntzan]] in urbe civitatis [[Mechoacana]]e die [[3 Octobris]] [[1585]] mortuus), missionarius [[Ordo Fratrum Praedicatorum|Franciscanus]], fuit linguista et lexicographus. Primus artem grammaticam et lexicon [[lingua Mechoacanensis|linguae Mechoacanensis]] vel Tarascae divulgavit. [[Fasciculus:Maturini Vocabulario 1559 title page.jpg|thumb|Titulus ''Vocabularii'' (1559)]] [[Parthiniacum|Parthiniaci]] in provincia Aquitania (per partitionem Franciscanorum) in ordine S. Francisci inductus, sacerdos die [[14 Februarii]] [[1530]] ordinatus est. [[universitas Tolosana|Universitatem Tolosanam]] frequentavit. Anno [[1542]] cum aliis fratribus novem in [[Mexicum]] missus est. Ibi a principio in provincia Sancti Evangelii, deinde in [[Mechoacana]] laboravit. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Grammatica Maturini title page.jpg|thumb|Titulus ''Grammaticae Maturini'' (1559), nomine Latino auctoris monstrato]] * 1558 : ''Arte de la lengua de Michuacan''. Mexicopoli: Juan Pablos Bressano; [https://archive.org/details/artedelalenguade00gilb textus] * 1558 : ''Thesoro spiritual en lengua de Mechuacan''. Mexicopoli: Juan Pablos Bressano; [https://archive.org/details/thesorospiritual00gilb textus] * 1559 : ''Diálogo de doctrina cristiana enla lengua de Mechuacan''. Mexicopoli: Juan Pablos Bressano; [https://archive.org/details/dialogodedoctrin00gilb textus]; [http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/letras_mexicanas/obra-visor/dialogo-de-doctrina-cristiana-en-la-lengua-de-mechuacan--0/html/ textus] {{Ling|Hispanice|Mechoacanensi}} * 1559 : ''Vocabulario en lengua de Mechuacan''. Mexicopoli: Juan Pablos Bressano; [https://archive.org/details/vocabularioenlen00gilb Textus] {{Ling|Hispanice|Mechoacanensi}} * 1559 : ''Grammatica Maturini''. Mexicopoli: Antonio de Spinosa {{Ling|Latine}}; [https://archive.org/details/grammaticamaturi00gilb textus] * 1575 : ''Thesoro spiritual de pobres en la lengua de Michuacan''. Mexicopoli: Antonio de Spinosa; [https://archive.org/details/thesorospiritual01gilb textus] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == ; Editiones documentorum * E. J. Burrus, ''The Writings of Alonso de la Vera Cruz'' vol. 5 (Romae: Jesuit Historical Institute, 1972) p. 343 * {{ec|id=Fernández del Castillo (1982)|c= F. Fernández del Castillo, ed., ''Libros y libreros en el siglo XVI'' (Mexicopoli, 1982) pp. 20, 454-455 }} * {{ec|id=Salas Murillo (1990)|c= Maria Cristina de Salas Murillo, "El dictamen inédito de Alonso de la Vera Cruz a la obra cataquética de Maturino Gilberti. Estudio preliminar y edición" in J.-I. Saranya et al., edd., ''Evangelización y teología en América (siglo XVI): X Simposio Internacional de Teología de la Universidad de Navarra'' (Pampelunae: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 1990) vol. 2 pp. 1507-1520; [https://dadun.unav.edu/bitstream/10171/4815/1/CRISTINA%20DE%20SALAS%20MURILLO.pdf praefatio biographica]; [https://dadun.unav.edu/bitstream/10171/4864/1/TRANSCRIPCION.pdf transcriptio manuscripti] }} * {{ec|id= Warren (1987)|c= J. Benedict Warren, ed., ''Fray Maturino Gilberti: Arte de la lengua de Michuacan'' [-- apéndice documental]. Moreliae: Fimax, 1987 }} * {{ec|id= Warren (1990)|c= J. Benedict Warren, ed., ''Fray Maturino Gilberti: Vocabulario en lengua de Mechuacan''. Moreliae: Fimax, 1990 }} ; Eruditio * Moisés Franco Mendoza, ''Eráxamakua. La utopía de Maturino Gilberti''. Zamorae: Colegio de Michoacán, 2015 * Moisés Franco Mendoza, "[https://revistas-filologicas.unam.mx/tlalocan/index.php/tl/article/view/170 Fray Maturino Gilberti y la lengua de Michoacán]{{Nexus deficit|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}" in ''Tlalocan'' vol. 14 (2004) pp. 19-26 * Rodrigo Martínez Baracs, "[https://www.academia.edu/22812599/El_Vocabulario_en_lengua_de_Mechuacan_1559_de_fray_Maturino_Gilberti_como_fuente_de_información_histórica El Vocabulario en lengua de Mechuacan (1559) de fray Maturino Gilberti como fuente de información histórica]" in Carlos Paredes Martínez, ed., ''Lengua y etnohistoria purépecha. Homenaje a J. Benedict Warren'' (Moreliae: Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1997) pp. 67-162 * {{ec|id= Martínez Baracs (2005)|c= Rodrigo Martínez Baracs, ''Caminos cruzados. Fray Maturino Gilberti en Peribán''. Mexicopoli: Colegio de Michoacán/Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 2005; [https://www.academia.edu/37736880/Caminos_cruzados_Fray_Maturino_Gilberti_en_Perivan Textus] }} * {{ec|id= Martínez Baracs (2020)|c= Rodrigo Martínez Baracs, "[https://www.academia.edu/43683819/Fray_Maturino_Gilberti_en_Ero_ngaricuaro_1554_ Fray Maturino Gilberti en Eróngaricuaro (1554)]" in ''Memorias de la Academia Mexicana de la Historia'' vol. 59 (2020) pp. 17-58 }} * Rodrigo Martínez Baracs, ''El mundo michoacano de fray Maturino Gilberti''. Mexicopoli: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 2023; [https://web.archive.org/web/20240421041211/https://mediateca.inah.gob.mx/islandora_74/islandora/object/libro%3A960 Textus] * Eustaquio Sánchez Salor, "Maturino Gilberti (1508-1585), misionero y gramático en México: su pedagogía del latín y del tarasco (elegantia o copia)" in ''Revista Internacional de Lingüística Iberoamericana'' vol. 18 (2020); [https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.31819/rili-2020-183605/html situs venalis] * Jorge E. Traslosheros, "[https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/sh/v20n40/1665-4420-sh-20-40-8.pdf Fray Maturino Gilberti y don Vasco de Quiroga. Una controversia judicial, sobre un problema lingüístico y pastoral, en la Nueva España del siglo XVI]" in ''Signos Históricos'' vol. 20 no. 40 (2018) pp. 8-41 * J. Benedict Warren, ''Estudios sobre el Michoacán colonial. Los lingüistas y la lengua'' (Moreliae: Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 2007) pp. 19-143 [http://dspace.uvaq.edu.mx:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/41/1/Vista_previa.pdf De hoc libro] == Nexus externi == * ''[https://archive.org/details/themaparaqueseoy00gilb/ Thema para que se oy garaboz del señor]'' {{Ling|Latine|Mechoacanensi}} (manuscriptum bibliothecae Ioannis Carter Brown) * ''Siguense unos breves sermones en la lengua de michuacan'' [https://archive.org/details/siguenseunosbrev01gilb vol. 1] [https://archive.org/details/siguenseunosbrev02gilb vol. 2] (manuscriptum bibliothecae Ioannis Carter Brown) * ''[https://archive.org/details/unmanuscritotara00gilb Un manuscrito tarasco del siglo XVI]'' {{Ling|Mechoacanensi}} (facsimile in bibliotheca Ioannis Carter Brown) {{Lifetime|1508|1585|Gilbertus, Maturinus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Missionarii]] [[Categoria:Eruditi Mexici]] [[Categoria:Philologi]] [[Categoria:Franciscani]] [[Categoria:Auctores Hispanici]] [[Categoria:Auctores Mechoacanenses]] [[Categoria:Lexicographi]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Tolosanae]] 2u5awjajxa3en3uqz57it1frnq2s9xy 0 316418 3958405 3956067 2026-05-05T04:38:05Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3958405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Numeri 1-10 | confinia = [[75 (numerus)|75]] [[76 (numerus)|76]] [[77 (numerus)|77]] [[78 (numerus)|78]] [[79 (numerus)|79]] '''80''' [[81 (numerus)|81]] [[82 (numerus)|82]] [[83 (numerus)|83]] [[84 (numerus)|84]] [[85 (numerus)|85]] | cardinale = Octoginta | ordinale = Octogesimus | distributivum = Octogeni | adverbium = Octogeniens | factorizatio = 2 × 5 × 8 | Romanus = LXXX | binarium = 101000 | octale = 120 | hexadecimale = 50 }} [[Fasciculus:Limite_b080_Anuncio.svg|thumb|upright=0.7]] {{res|80}}, [[numeri Romani|numeris Romanis]] {{res|LXXX}}, [[littera|litterisque]] {{res|octoginta}} scriptus, est [[numerus naturalis]] post [[79 (numerus)|79]] et ante [[81 (numerus)|81]]. [[Numerus ordinalis]] congruens {{res|octoge(n)simus}}, [[numerus distributivus]] {{res|octogeni}}, [[adverbium]] numerale {{res|octogie(n)s}} est. Eius [[divisio (mathematica)|divisores]] sunt [[1 (numerus)|1]], [[2 (numerus)|2]], [[4 (numerus)|4]], [[5 (numerus)|5]], [[8 (numerus)|8]], [[10 (numerus)|10]], [[16 (numerus)|16]], [[20 (numerus)|20]], [[40 (numerus)|40]], et 80 ipse. ==In mathematica== '''80''' est: * Summa {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|functio totiens Euleri|functions totientis Euleri|en|qid=Q190026}} φ(''x'') per primos integros sedecim. * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Numerus semiperfectus||en|qid=Q2067166}}.<!-- since adding up some subsets of its divisors (e.g., [[1 (number)|1]], [[4 (number)|4]], [[5 (number)|5]], [[10 (number)|10]], [[20 (number)|20]] and [[40 (number)|40]]) gives 80.--><ref>{{cite web |url=https://oeis.org/A005835|title=Sloane's A005835: Pseudoperfect (or semiperfect) numbers|website=The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences|publisher=OEIS Foundation|access-date=29 Maii [[2016]]}}.</ref> * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ménage problem||en=Ménage number}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oeis.org/A000179|title=Sloane's A000179: Ménage numbers|website=The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences|publisher=OEIS Foundation|access-date=29 Maii [[2016]]}}.</ref> * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Numerus palindromicus||en|qid=Q754831}} in basibus 3 (2222₃), 6 (212₆), 9 (88₉), 15 (55₁₅), 19 (44₁₉), et 39 (22₃₉). * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Repdigitus||en|qid=Q1200532}} in basibus 3, 9, 15, 19, et 39. * Summa primorum quattuor parium {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Primus gemellus|gemellorum|en|qid=Q110863}} ((3 + 5) + (5 + 7) + (11 + 13) + (17 + 19)). * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Principium Pareto||en|qid=Q182667}}, etiam regula 80–20 appellatum, dicit, pro multis eventibus, 80 fere centesimas effectuum ex 20 centesimis causarum exoriri.<ref name="NYT">{{cite journal |title=Joseph Juran, 103, Pioneer in Quality Control, Dies|journal=[[The New York Times]]|date=3 Martii [[2008]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/03/business/03juran.html|last=Bunkley|first=Nick}}.</ref><ref name="8020pre">{{cite web|title=What is 80/20 Rule, Pareto's Law, Pareto Principle |url=http://www.80-20presentationrule.com/whatisrule.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128204020/http://www.80-20presentationrule.com/whatisrule.html |archive-date=28 Ianuarii [[2013]] |access-date=2017-05-20 }}.</ref> Omnis configuratio {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aenigma 15|aenigmatis 15|en|qid=Q191024}} quae solvi potest in minus quam 80 motibus unius columnae solvitur.<ref>A. Brüngger, A. Marzetta, K. Fukuda, et J. Nievergelt, [http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~gendron/Pisa/References/BB/Brungger99.pdf "The parallel search bench ZRAM and its applications,"] ''Annals of Operations Research'' 90 (1999): 45–63 (PDF).</ref> ==In chemia== *[[Numerus atomicus]] [[hydrargyrum|hydrargyri]] [[elementum chemicum|elementi chemici]] est 80. ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|80|octoginta}} [[Categoria:Integri]] ei834uqns2aswbtdvt4ud93vm05fah6 10 320926 3958388 3948970 2026-05-05T04:21:29Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3958388 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#instantia-iam-creata|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />ucfirst:{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}|{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}} | [[{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}} | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }} }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione||{{Recensio vacua exspectatur|summarium=Nihil tangens, recensionem vacua feci, tamquam formula {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve]]}} quaesivit}}}}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione|/}} | <noinclude />{<noinclude />{<noinclude />safesubst:<noinclude />Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| sequential| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| list_values| }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| for_each|$#}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}qid{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}{{{#qid}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| with_value_not_matching||strict| all_sorted| setting|hi/p|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}| list }} }}<noinclude />}<noinclude />}<noinclude /> | {{#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{Sin secus | 1 = {{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| sequential| trimming_values| with_value_not_matching||strict| squeezing| entering_substack| with_value_matching|d|strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| values_only_as|lingua| let|pagina|{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| leaving_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio|values_only| let|#qid|{{{#qid}}}| let|#latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| flushing| list_values }}{{#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| list_values }} | 2 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">[[:d:{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia|(d)]]</sup> | 3 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"> | 4 = </sup> }}{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}}|{{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid={{{#qid}}}|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| setting|h/f/n|<sup style{{=}}"font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">|</sup>{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}} | {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid=|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}} | {{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]]}} }}|<sup style{{=}}"padding-left: 1px; font-size: .75em; cursor: help; color: #090;" title{{=}}"Significatio huius nexus rubri non intellegitur; adde nexum intervicialem si potes (e.g. ‘…{{!}}en{{=}}{{Textus planus|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}}}’).">&#91;''nexus intervicialis desideratur ([[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|auxilium]])''&#93;</sup>{{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]]}}| list_values }} }} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}}}</noinclude> 89171tgmyhtnebq13wj18mn7cply1d9 3958389 3958388 2026-05-05T04:22:56Z Grufo 64423 3958389 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#instantia-iam-creata|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />ucfirst:{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}|{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}} | [[{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}} | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }} }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione||{{Recensio vacua exspectatur|summarium=Nihil tangens, recensionem vacua feci, tamquam formula {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve]]}} quaesivit}}}}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione|/}} | <noinclude />{<noinclude />{<noinclude />safesubst:<noinclude />Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| sequential| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| list_values| }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| for_each|$#}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}qid{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}{{{#qid}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| with_value_not_matching||strict| all_sorted| setting|hi/p|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}| list }} }}<noinclude />}<noinclude />}<noinclude /> | {{#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{Sin secus | 1 = {{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| sequential| trimming_values| with_value_not_matching||strict| squeezing| entering_substack| with_value_matching|d|strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| values_only_as|lingua| let|pagina|{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| leaving_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio|values_only| let|#qid|{{{#qid}}}| let|#latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| flushing| list_values }}{{#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| list_values }} | 2 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">[[:d:{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia|(d)]]</sup> | 3 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"> | 4 = </sup> }}{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}}|{{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid={{{#qid}}}|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| setting|h/f/n|<sup style{{=}}"font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">|</sup>{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}} | {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid=|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}} | {{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]]}} }}|<sup style{{=}}"padding-left: 1px; font-size: .75em; cursor: help; color: #090;" title{{=}}"Significatio huius nexus rubri non intellegitur; adde nexum intervicialem si potes (e.g. ‘…&#124;en&#61;{{Textus planus|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}}}’).">&#91;''nexus intervicialis desideratur ([[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|auxilium]])''&#93;</sup>{{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]]}}| list_values }} }} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}}}</noinclude> gzywg1j3ckvc04cxgnviktmeg94xwb9 3958390 3958389 2026-05-05T04:25:10Z Grufo 64423 periclitatio 3958390 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#instantia-iam-creata|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />ucfirst:{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}|{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}} | [[{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}} | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }} }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione||{{Recensio vacua exspectatur|summarium=Nihil tangens, recensionem vacua feci, tamquam formula {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve]]}} quaesivit}}}}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione|/}} | <noinclude />{<noinclude />{<noinclude />safesubst:<noinclude />Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| sequential| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| list_values| }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| for_each|$#}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}qid{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}{{{#qid}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| with_value_not_matching||strict| all_sorted| setting|hi/p|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}| list }} }}<noinclude />}<noinclude />}<noinclude /> | {{#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{Sin secus | 1 = {{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| sequential| trimming_values| with_value_not_matching||strict| squeezing| entering_substack| with_value_matching|d|strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| values_only_as|lingua| let|pagina|{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| leaving_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio|values_only| let|#qid|{{{#qid}}}| let|#latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| flushing| list_values }}{{#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| list_values }} | 2 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">[[:d:{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia|(d)]]</sup> | 3 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"> | 4 = </sup> }}{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}}|{{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid={{{#qid}}}|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| setting|h/f/n|<sup style{{=}}"font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">|</sup>{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}} | {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid=|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}} | {{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]]}} }}|<sup style{{=}}"padding-left: 1px; font-size: .75em; cursor: help; color: #090;" title{{=}}"Significatio huius nexus rubri non intellegitur; adde nexum intervicialem si potes (e.g. ‘…&#124;en&#61;{{Textus planus|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}}}’).">&#91;''nexus intervicialis desideratur ([[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|auxilium]]!)''&#93;</sup>{{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]]}}| list_values }} }} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}}}</noinclude> hx4f4ui82dylhxeemjtjmsczi8unh55 3958391 3958390 2026-05-05T04:25:39Z Grufo 64423 3958391 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#instantia-iam-creata|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />ucfirst:{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}|{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}} | [[{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}} | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }} }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione||{{Recensio vacua exspectatur|summarium=Nihil tangens, recensionem vacua feci, tamquam formula {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve]]}} quaesivit}}}}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione|/}} | <noinclude />{<noinclude />{<noinclude />safesubst:<noinclude />Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| sequential| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| list_values| }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| for_each|$#}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}qid{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}{{{#qid}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| with_value_not_matching||strict| all_sorted| setting|hi/p|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}| list }} }}<noinclude />}<noinclude />}<noinclude /> | {{#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{Sin secus | 1 = {{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| sequential| trimming_values| with_value_not_matching||strict| squeezing| entering_substack| with_value_matching|d|strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| values_only_as|lingua| let|pagina|{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| leaving_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio|values_only| let|#qid|{{{#qid}}}| let|#latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| flushing| list_values }}{{#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| list_values }} | 2 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">[[:d:{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia|(d)]]</sup> | 3 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"> | 4 = </sup> }}{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}}|{{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid={{{#qid}}}|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| setting|h/f/n|<sup style{{=}}"font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">|</sup>{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}} | {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid=|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}} | {{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]]}} }}|<sup style{{=}}"padding-left: 1px; font-size: .75em; cursor: help; color: #090;" title{{=}}"Significatio huius nexus rubri non intellegitur; adde nexum intervicialem si potes (e.g. ‘…&#124;en&#61;{{Textus planus|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}}}’).">&#91;''nexus intervicialis desideratur ([[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|auxilium]])''&#93;</sup>{{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]]}}| list_values }} }} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}}}</noinclude> gzywg1j3ckvc04cxgnviktmeg94xwb9 3958392 3958391 2026-05-05T04:26:25Z Grufo 64423 3958392 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#instantia-iam-creata|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />ucfirst:{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}|{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}} | [[{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}]] }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}} | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}]] | [[{{{#instantia-iam-creata}}}|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }} }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione||{{Recensio vacua exspectatur|summarium=Nihil tangens, recensionem vacua feci, tamquam formula {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve]]}} quaesivit}}}}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{safesubst:<noinclude />Si in substitutione|/}} | <noinclude />{<noinclude />{<noinclude />safesubst:<noinclude />Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| sequential| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| list_values| }}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| setting|hi|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}| for_each|$#}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}qid{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}{{{#qid}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| with_value_not_matching||strict| all_sorted| setting|hi/p|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}| list }} }}<noinclude />}<noinclude />}<noinclude /> | {{#if:{{{#qid|}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{Sin secus | 1 = {{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| sequential| trimming_values| with_value_not_matching||strict| squeezing| entering_substack| with_value_matching|d|strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| values_only_as|lingua| let|pagina|{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| leaving_substack| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio|values_only| let|#qid|{{{#qid}}}| let|#latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| flushing| list_values }}{{#invoke:params| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| entering_substack| excluding_non-numeric_names| detaching_substack| renaming_by_mixing|$@| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| list_values }} | 2 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">[[:d:{{{#qid}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia|(d)]]</sup> | 3 = <sup style="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"> | 4 = </sup> }}{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}}|{{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid={{{#qid}}}|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}}}} | {{#if:{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}} | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}|{{{#verba-ostendenda|}}}]] | [[{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}]] }}{{#invoke:params| excluding_numeric_names| with_name_not_matching|^#| all_sorted| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus| names_and_values_as|lingua|pagina| let|latine|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}| setting|h/f/n|<sup style{{=}}"font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">|</sup>{{#if:{{{#titulus-iam-creatus|}}} | {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|qid=|propositum={{{#propositum}}}}} | {{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]]}} }}|<sup style{{=}}"padding-left: 1px; font-size: .75em; cursor: help; color: #090;" title{{=}}"Significatio huius nexus rubri non intellegitur; adde nexum intervicialem si potes (e.g. ‘…&#124;en&#61;{{Textus planus|{{{#pagina-desiderata}}}}}’).">&#91;<i>nexus intervicialis desideratur ([[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|auxilium]])</i>&#93;</sup>{{#ifeq:{{{#propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]]}}| list_values }} }} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}}}</noinclude> 8zjla6y4lk2x0w414gjwzbncwxqra06 0 322170 3958339 3933517 2026-05-04T15:27:02Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3958339 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:EB1911 Orthoclase 6.jpg|thumb|Diagramma congeminationis Manebachensis duorum crystallorum orthoclasi.]] '''Congeminatio'''<ref>«Strias, congeminatione singulorum individuorum effectas ostendunt» Ferdinandus Zirkel, ''[https://baekur.is/bok/cd36e12c-b108-4525-b39e-37f6db78a5e3 De geognostica Islandiae constitutione observationes]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'' (Bonnae 1861). [p. 9].</ref> in [[mineralogia]] est [[Symmetria|symmetrica]] duorum pluriumve [[Crystallum|crystallorum]] coalescentia. == Definitio == Crystalla eiusdem [[Minerale|mineralis]] haud raro coalescunt, tum inordinate, tum ordinate. Inter coalescentias ordinatas distinguuntur primo coalescentiae parallelae, cum omnia symmetriae elementa crystallorum omnium parallela sint ad invicem; cum vero singula saltem elementa symmetriae crystallorum sibi invicem concrescentium haud parallela sint, congeminationes dicuntur. In congeminatione ergo duo (vel plus) crystalla tum [[Planum (geometria)|planum]] symmetriae, tum axem [[Rotatio|rotationis]] inter se habent.<ref name=":0">Penkala, Thaddaeus (1976) ''Zarys krystalografii.'' Varsoviae: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.</ref><ref>Robert, Christianus & Bousquet, Romanus (2013) ''Géosciences. La dynamique du système Terre.'' Parisiis: Belin. ISBN 978-2-7011-3816-9.</ref> == Exempla == Congeminationes frequenter singulis mineralibus propriae sunt. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Staurolithum|Staurolithum|en|qid=Q413380}} nomen suum accepit ob frequentes congeminationes in forma crucis ([[Graece]] σταυρός). Congeminatio [[Gypsum|gypso]] propria ob similitudinem cum hirundae cauda nominatur. [[Spathum|Feldspatha]] multas variasque congeminationes efformant, quarum nonnullae a locis, unde primo descriptae sunt, nunc nomina habent, exempli gratia congeminatio Carolina ([[Theodisce]] ''Karlsbader Zwillinge'')<ref>Nomina singularum congeminationum Latina hoc loco a Vicipaediano proposita sunt.</ref> a [[Thermae Carolinae|Thermis Carolinis]], Manebachensis ab oppidulo ''Manebach'', nunc [[Ilmenavia|Ilmenaviae]] suburbio, Bavenensis vero a [[Bavenum|Baveno]].<ref name=":0" /> Congeminationes ad feldspatha inter se distinguenda perutiles sunt, ut puta congeminatio periclinica quae in {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Plagioclasa|plagioclasis|en|qid=Q714830}} frequenter fit, in {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Orthoclasum|orthoclaso|en|qid=Q21813710}} vero fere numquam.<ref>''[https://www.alexstrekeisen.it/english/vulc/plagioclase.php Plagioclase]'' In re Alex Strekeisen (in interreti).</ref> <gallery> Fasciculus:Staurolite-26463.jpg|Congeminatio duorum crystallorum staurolithi Fasciculus:Gips - brauner Schwalbenschwanz.jpg|Congeminatio crystallorum gypsi ‘cauda hirundae’ dicta Fasciculus:Quartz-rom34a.jpg|Crystalla [[Quarzum|quarzi]] congeminata Fasciculus:KarlsbadDoubleFrance.jpg|Quatuor crystalla orthoclasi, duas congeminationes Carolinas inter se iterum concrescentes efformantia Fasciculus:Microcline.jpg|Congeminatio periclinica multorum microclini crystallorum (imago sub microscopio petrographico visa) </gallery> == Nexus externi == * ''[[mineralienatlas:Zwillinge|Zwillinge]]'' [congeminationes] – pagina interretialis ''Mineralienatlas – Fossilienatlas'' (Theodisce) * ''[http://quartzpage.de/crs_twins.html Quartz Crystals –]'' ''[http://quartzpage.de/crs_twins.html Twinning]'' [congeminationes quarzi] – pagina interretialis ''The Quartz Page'' (Anglice) * ''[https://www.crystallography.fr/mathcryst/twins.htm Crystal twinning]'' [congeminationes crystallorum] – pagina interretialis Commissionis Crystallographicae Internationalis (Anglice) * ''[http://toutsurlesgrenats.free.fr/fichierspdf/lesmacles.pdf Les macles dans les minéraux]'' [congeminationes in mineralibus] - textus Alani Abréal (Francogallice) == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Crystallographia]] [[Categoria:Geologia]] [[Categoria:Mineralia]] iwm48cp77rtg0fgz3iuj88ry851sye6 4 322505 3958364 3957338 2026-05-04T20:42:59Z MediaWiki message delivery 62628 /* Tech News: 2026-19 */ nova pars 3958364 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__<nowiki />[[Categoria:Vicipaedia]][[Categoria:Fora Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]]{{Capsa paginae|1= Haec pagina nuntios technicos qui e [[MediaVici]] proveniunt praebet. Vide etiam [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2016|nuntios anni 2016]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2017|nuntios anni 2017]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2018|nuntios anni 2018]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2019|nuntios anni 2019]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2020|nuntios anni 2020]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2021|nuntios anni 2021]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2022|nuntios anni 2022]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2023|nuntios anni 2023]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2024|nuntios anni 2024]] et [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2025|nuntios anni 2025]]. }} == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-03</span> == {{Accepta|Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2025|Tech News: 2026-03|Nuntia ad novum annum mota --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support "map" as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W03"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:32, 12 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29907192 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == {{Accepta|Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2025|Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Nuntium ad novum annum motum --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. 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'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 13:21, 18 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-04</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: <code dir=ltr>https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/</code>) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]! * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W04"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:29, 19 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29943403 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> 21:01, 19 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February. * All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. * Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the "prevent this user from editing their own talk page" is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new AbuseFilter variable, <code>account_type</code>, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the <code>createaccount</code> and <code>autocreateaccount</code> actions. As part of this change, the variable <code>accountname</code> has been renamed to <code>account_name</code>, and <code>accountname</code> is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049] * Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to <code dir=ltr><nowiki>upload.wikimedia.org/…</nowiki></code> will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W05"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:17, 26 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29969530 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-06</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The "{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}" feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''Weekly highlight''' * Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W06"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:43, 2 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30000986 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-07</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors. * A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] * When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458] * The automatic "magic links" for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] <code dir=ltr><nowiki>{{#isbn}}</nowiki></code> available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|<code>w:kaj:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|<code>w:ppl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W07"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:29, 9 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30026671 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-08</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237] '''Updates for editors''' * The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval] * The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. * Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add <code dir="ltr">#siteNotice { display: none; }</code> to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the "view new changes since…" button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W08"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:16, 16 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30086330 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-09</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764] * Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new "Edit full page" button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered "beta" on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:skin-theme-description</code> and <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag</code> to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta. * The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], <code dir=ltr>ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild</code>, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W09"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:03, 23 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30119102 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-10</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki. '''Updates for editors''' * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&filter=&optional=1&action=translate help to localize] this and related features. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912] * Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807] * Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no <code dir=ltr>uselang=</code> URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111] * The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust & Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696] * The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views. * The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users. * [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W10"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:51, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30137798 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. * Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]). '''Updates for editors''' * Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W11"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:52, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30213008 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055] * On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016] * Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]]. * Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874] * Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror</code> or <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.lib</code> modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.switch</code> hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W12"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:35, 16 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30260505 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|"Log in with passkey" button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647] * The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823] * Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127] * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:50, 23 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30268305 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]]. '''Updates for editors''' * The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]]. * The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap "Edit". This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:25, 30 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30329462 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 17:11, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:18, 6 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:18, 13 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest "Liquid Glass" visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias. * An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]]. * On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The <code>mirrors.wikimedia.org</code> service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707] * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> directly, please update them to use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>file</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>filerevision</nowiki></code></bdi> table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741] * Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 14:59, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30432763 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 00:58, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) </bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484] * All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the "automatically enable most beta features" option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30458046 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]]. * The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909] * From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the "Translate to English" dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as "changes 3" instead of "3 changes" in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:42, 4 Maii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30498077 --> j98dj2kde22boof6hnf278ohj54bls9 0 324083 3958327 3958290 2026-05-04T12:02:47Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3958327 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities (Ortsgemeinden) in Rhineland-Palatinate.svg|thumb|Communia Rhenaniae et Palatinatus usque ad gradum ordinationis communis localis ([[Theodisce]] ''Ortsgemeinde'').]] '''Index urbium et communium [[Rhenania et Palatinatus|Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]''' [[urbs|urbes]] et [[commune|communia]] in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra foederali]] [[Germania|Germanica]] Rhenania et Palatinatu sita continet. Sunt 2&nbsp;300 communibus politice independentibus (e Kalendis Ianuariis anni 2025). Haec ita distribuuntur: * 130 urbes, inter quas ** 12 [[circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''Kreisfreie Stadt''), ** 8 urbes magnae circulo subiectae (Theodisce ''kreisangehörige Städte''), ** 13 urbes sine consociatione communium (Theodisce ''verbandsfreie Städte''), ** 97 urbes consociationi communium adscriptae (Theodisce ''verbandsangehörige Städte''); * 2170 alia communia, inter quae ** 8 communia sine consociatione (Theodisce ''verbandsfreie Gemeinden''), ** 2162 communia localia -consociationi adscripta- (Theodisce ''Ortsgemeinden''). Illae 97 urbes et 2162 communia localia ad 129 consociationes communium pertinent, quae administrationem pro communibus sibi subiectis gerunt. == Circuli urbani == {{div col|3}} # [[Augusta Treverorum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Trier''; [[Luxemburgice]] ''Tréier'')</small> # [[Bipontium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Zweibrücken''; [[Palatinice]] ''Zweebrigge'')</small> # [[Caesarea Lutra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaiserslautern''; [[Palatinice]] ''Lautre'')</small> # [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentes]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Koblenz''; dialectaliter ''Kowelenz'')</small> # [[Francodalia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankenthal'')</small> # [[Landavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Landau in der Pfalz''; [[Palatinice]] ''Landaach'')</small> # [[Ludovici Portus Rhenanus]]<ref name="Bezzel 1845">Bezzel, H. M. (1845). ''Historia Rei Literariae Norimbergensis''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Ludwigshafen am Rhein'')</small> # [[Moguntiacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mainz'')</small> # [[Neapolis Palatinorum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Neustadt an der Weinstraße''; [[Palatinice]] ''Neischdadt'')</small> # [[Sancti Pirminii Sedes]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Pirmasens''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bärmesens'')</small> # [[Spira (urbs)|Spira]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Speyer'')</small> # [[Wormatia]]<ref>Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/groo001brie14_01/groo001brie14_01_0023.php ''Briefwisseling van Hugo Grotius''], ubi dicitur "Dux Carolus a Wormatia militem mittit tuendo Ascafenburgo."</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Worms'')</small> {{div col end}} == Urbes magnae circulo subiectae == {{div col|3}} * [[Angulisamum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ingelheim am Rhein'')</small> * [[Antunnacum]]<ref>[[Tabula Peutingeriana]]: ''Antunnaco''.</ref><ref>Venantius Fortunatus: ''Antonnacensis castelli …'' Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Auctores antiquissimi, 4.4. Fortunati carminum liber X (de navigatione Childeberti regis).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Andernach''; dialectaliter ''Annenach'' seu ''Annernach'')</small> * [[Bingium]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bingen am Rhein'')</small> * [[Cruciniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Kreuznach'')</small> * [[Idara-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834">Steininger, J. (1834). ''Codex diplomaticus Trevirensis e-archivio et libris manuscriptis'' (Vol. 1). In Commission der Fr. Lintz’schen Buchhandlung.</ref><ref name="Beyer 1860">Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher; et : Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Idar-Oberstein'')</small> * [[Lahnstenium]]<ref>[http://www.dilibri.de/rlb/content/thumbview/63151 ''37 - (46) - Lahnstenium (ubi Loganum Rhenus suscipit) Confluentia venienti || Lhaanstein, komende van Koblenz - +â+ôbersicht - Landesbibliothekszentrum Rheinland-Pfalz'' apud www.dilibri.de] "Lahnstenium ubi [[Loganus|Loganum]] [[Rhenus]] suscipit."</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Lahnstein'')</small> * [[Magniacum (Germania)|Magniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mayen'')</small> * [[Neoweda]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Neuwied'')</small> {{div col end}} == Urbes sine consociatione communium == {{div col|3}} * [[Alceia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alzey'')</small> * [[Bendorffium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646">Merian, M. (1645). ''Topographia Palatinatus Rheni et Vicinarum Regionum''. Francofurti ad Moenum: Matthaei Meriani; et: Merian, M. (1646). ''Topographia Palatinatus Rheni et Vicinarum Regionum: Das ist Beschreibung und Eigentliche Abbildung der Vornehmsten Stätte Plätze der Untern Pfalz am Rhein''. Matthäus Merian.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bendorf'')</small> * [[Babardia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Boppard''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bobert'')</small> * [[Bedense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bitburg''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Bebuersch'' seu ''Beburig''; [[Luxemburgice]] ''Béibreg'')</small> * [[Insula Rheni]]<ref name="Mone 1848">Mone, F. J. (1848). ''Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins'' (Vol. 1). G. Braun'sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Wörth am Rhein'')</small> * [[Iulius Vicus]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Germersheim'' seu ''Germersheim am Rhein'')</small> * [[Novae Aquae-Arvilare]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler'')</small> * [[Rigomagus (Germania)|Rigomagus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Remagen'')</small> * [[Sentiaca]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Sinzig'')</small> * [[Turingum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Dürkheim'')</small> * [[Villa Nautica]]<ref name="Remling 1852">Remling, F. X. (1852). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer'' (Vol. 1). Kirchheim und Schott; et: Remling, F. X. (1852). ''Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer'' (Vol. 1). Kirchheim und Schott.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Schifferstadt'')</small> * [[Viridopolis]]<ref name="Irenicus 1518">Irenicus, F. (1518). ''Germaniae exegeseos volumina duodecim''. Impensis Urbani Regii.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grünstadt'')</small> * [[Vitelliacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wittlich'')</small> {{div col end}} == Urbes consociationi communium adscriptae == {{div col|3}} * [[Adenova]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Adenau'')</small> * [[Algesheimium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Algesheim'')</small> * [[Angulus Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Lauterecken'')</small> * [[Anvilara]]<ref name="Böhmer 1849">Böhmer, J. F. (1849). ''Regesta Imperii: Die Regesten des Kaiserreichs unter den Karolingern'' (Vol. 1). Verlag der J.G. Cotta'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Annweiler am Trifels'')</small> * [[Aquae Brisiacenses]]<ref name="Peutinger 1888">Peutinger, C. (1888). ''Tabula Peutingeriana: Codex Vindobonensis 324'' (K. Miller, Ed.). Otto Maier Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Breisig'')</small> * [[Aquae Mariaemontanae]]<ref name="Schannat II 1824">Schannat, J. F. (1824). ''Eiflia illustrata, oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (Vol. 2). Johann Peter Bachem.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Marienberg''; dialectaliter ''Marmerich'')</small> * [[Aquae Sobernheimenses]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Sobernheim'')</small> * [[Bacaracum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bacharach'' seu ''Bacharach am Rhein'')</small> * [[Bemondula]]<ref name="Stadt Baumholder">Stadt Baumholder. (s. f.). [https://www.baumholder.de/en/our-city/history/ ''History''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Baumholder'')</small> * [[Bernicastellum-Cusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Marx 1905">Marx, J. (1905). ''Geschichte des Armen-Hospitals zum h. Nicolaus zu Cues'' (Vol. 1). Kommissions-Verlag der Paulinus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bernkastel-Kues'')</small> * [[Betzdorfium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844">Bärsch, G. (1844). ''Eiflia illustrata, oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (Vol. 2).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Betzdorf'')</small> * [[Birconfelda (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bircofelda]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenfeld'')</small> * [[Bollenheimum ad Rhenum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rheinböllen'')</small> * [[Brubacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Braubach'')</small> * [[Caesariacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaisersesch'')</small> * [[Candela (Palatinatus)|Candela]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kandel'')</small> * [[Castrum Kyllae]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kyllburg'')</small> * [[Cattimelibocum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzenelnbogen'')</small> * [[Cella ad Mosellam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Zell'')</small> * [[Cochemium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Cochem'')</small> * [[Contionacum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Konz'')</small> * [[Cosla]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kusel'')</small> * [[Cuba (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Cuba]] <small>(Theodisce ''Kaub'')</small> * [[Dada (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dada]]<ref name="Gensicke II 1999">Gensicke, H. (1999). ''Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes'' (II ed.). Historische Kommission für Nassau.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Daaden'')</small> * [[Dana (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dana]]<ref name="Görz II 1879">Görz, A. (1879). ''Mittelrheinische Regesten oder chronologische Zusammenstellung des Quellenmaterials für die Geschichte der Territorien der heutigen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier'' (Vol. II). Denkert & Groos.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahn'')</small> * [[Decia (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Decia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Diez'')</small> * [[Didesheimium]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deidesheim'')</small> * [[Dierdorfium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dierdorf'')</small> * [[Domus Bousonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Busenhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Sancti Goaris]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Sankt Goarshausen'')</small> * [[Dumno]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Daun'')</small> * [[Ecclesiae ad Segam]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchen'')</small> * [[Ecclesiopolium Bolandicum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchheimbolanden''; [[Palatinice]] ''Kerschem'')</small> * [[Ediginhovum]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933">Glöckner, K. (1933). ''Codex Laureshamensis'' (Vol. 3). Historischer Verein für Hessen; et; Glöckner, K. (1933). ''Codex Laureshamensis: Bd. 3 Kopialbuch, II. Teil. Die übrigen Gau- und Marken-Verzeichnisse''. [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]]: Buchhandlung des Hessischen Staatsverlags.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Edenkoben''; [[Palatinice]] ''Edekowe'')</small> * [[Embasis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Ems'')</small> * [[Emmelshusium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Emmelshausen'')</small> * [[Freinsheimium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freinsheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Fränsem'')</small> * [[Gamundium (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Gamundium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913?p=249&cq=Ludwigshafen%20u.a.&lang=en ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E - M''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hornbach'')</small> * [[Gerolstenium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerolstein'')</small> * [[Hachenburgum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hachenburg'')</small> * [[Herdorfium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herdorf'')</small> * [[Hermenskeila]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hermeskeil'')</small> * [[Hillesheimium (Eiflia)|Hillesheimium]] <small>(Theodisce ''Hillesheim'')</small> * [[Hoinga]]<ref name="Becker, Mayer, Prinz & Halpern 2021">Becker, W., Mayer, M. G., Prinz, S. T., & Halpern, J. P. (2021). ''Hoinga: A large and nearby ROSAT-detected supernova remnant''. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 648, A30. doi.org</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Hönningen'')</small> * [[Horium-Grancineshausa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Gensicke II 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höhr-Grenzhausen'')</small> * [[Hunnorum Castellum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kastellaun'')</small> * [[Indago ad Rivum]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hagenbach'')</small> * [[Kyrina (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Kyrina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirn'')</small> * [[Landstulia]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Landstuhl'')</small> * [[Lincia ad Rhenum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Linz am Rhein'')</small> * [[Lupi Petra (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Lupi Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wolfstein'')</small> * [[Manderscheidum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Manderscheid'')</small> * [[Meisenheimium (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Meisenheimium]]<ref name="Latomus 1562">Latomus, B. (1562). ''Genealogia d. d. baronum in Meisenheimium et Oberstein''. (Reimpressio a I. Friderico edita, anno 1870, Reuther).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Meisenheim'')</small> * [[Mendigum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mendig'')</small> * [[Molendinopolis-Kerlecha]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mülheim-Kärlich'')</small> * [[Monasterium Meinfeldiae]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Münstermaifeld''; dialectaliter ''Meenster'')</small> * [[Mons Ecclesiae (Tergum Caninum)|Mons Ecclesiae]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchberg'')</small> * [[Mons Ferreus (Palatinatus)|Mons Ferreus]]<ref name="Meisner 1623">Meisner, D. (1623). ''Thesaurus Philo-Politicus: Hoc est: Emblemata sive Moralia Politica'' (Vol. 1). Eberhard Kieser seu Enno Koenig.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Tabor (Germania)|Mons Tabor]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Montabaur'')</small> * [[Mons Torrentis (Tergum Caninum)|Mons Torrentis]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Stromberg'')</small> * [[Moschela Superior]]<ref name="Schannat II 1824"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Obermoschel'')</small> * [[Nassovia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Nassau'')</small> * [[Nastadium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Nastätten'')</small> * [[Neristeinum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Nierstein'')</small> * [[Novum Castellum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Novum Castellum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Neuerburg''; dialectaliter [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Neierbuersch'')</small> * [[Occidentale Castrum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Occidentale Castrum]]<ref name="Gensicke II 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Westerburg'')</small> * [[Oppenheimium]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Oppenheim'')</small> * [[Ostowa]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Osthofen'')</small> * [[Otterburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Otterberg'')</small> * [[Policha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Polch'')</small> * [[Pruma (urbs)|Pruma]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Prüm'')</small> * [[Ramsteinium-Mesenbacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ramstein-Miesenbach'')</small> * [[Ransbacum-Babenbacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ransbach-Baumbach'')</small> * [[Renneroda]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rennerod'')</small> * [[Rensa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rhens'')</small> * [[Rocconis Domus]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rockenhausen'')</small> * [[Rodalba]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rodalben'')</small> * [[Saltrissa in Silva Occidentali]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Selters''; dialectaliter ''Seldersch'')</small> * [[Sancti Goaris Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Sankt Goar'')</small> * [[Sanctus Lambertus (Palatinatus)|Sanctus Lambertus]]<ref name="Remling 1836">Remling, F. X. (1836). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der ehemaligen Abteien und Klöster im jetzigen Rheinbayern'' (Vol. 1). Ensslin; et: Remling, F. X. (1836). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer''. Moguntiaci: Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Lambrecht'')</small> * [[Saravicastrum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Saarburg'')</small> * [[Simmera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Simmern/Hunsrück'')</small> * [[Soiacum]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Schweich'')</small> * [[Spicarium (Eiflia)|Spicarium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Speicher'')</small> * [[Tabernae Montanae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Bergzabern''; [[Palatinice]] ''Berchzawwre'')</small> * [[Trabena-Trarbachium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Traben-Trarbach'')</small> * [[Turris Alba (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Turris Alba]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Weißenthurm''; dialectaliter ''Thur'')</small> * [[Ulmena]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ulmen'')</small> * [[Ulmena Inferior]]<ref name="Greule 2021">Greule, A. (2021). ''Die Ortsnamen der Verbandsgemeinde Nieder-Olm''. Regionalgeschichte.net</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Nieder-Olm'')</small> * [[Unchela]]<ref name="Lacomblet 1840">Lacomblet, T. J. (1840). ''Urkundenbuch für die Geschichte des Niederrheins oder des Erzstifts Cöln'' (Vol. 1). Wolf'sche Buchdruckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Unkel'')</small> * [[Valendra]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Vallendar'')</small> * [[Vesalia Superior]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Oberwesel'')</small> * [[Vetus Ecclesia (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vetus Ecclesia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenkirchen'')</small> * [[Villa Moraha]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Waldmohr'')</small> * [[Wachenheimium ad Viam Vinariam]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wachenheim an der Weinstraße'' seu ''Wachenheim an der Haardt'')</small> * [[Weristadium]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wörrstadt'')</small> * [[Wiridicha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wirges'')</small> * [[Wissena ad Segam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wissen'' seu ''Wissen/Sieg'')</small> {{div col end}} == Communia sine consociatione == {{div col|3}} * [[Bobenhemium-Roxhemium]]<ref name="Remling Geschichte 1852">Remling, F. X., (1852); ''Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer''. [[Moguntiacum|Moguntiaci]]: Kirchheim & Schott.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bobenheim-Roxheim'')</small> * [[Bohila et Ugelhemium]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böhl-Iggelheim'')</small> * [[Budenhemium]]<ref name="Binterim III 1839">Binterim, A. J. (1839). ''Pragmatische Geschichte der deutschen Concilien: vom vierten bis zum Ende des fünfzehnten Jahrhunderts'' (Vol. 3). Moguntiaci: Verlag von Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Budenheim'')</small> * [[Comitatus (Rhenania)|Comitatus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723">Schannat, J. F. (1723). ''Eiflia illustrata, sive memorabilis et geographica historicaque dominorum eifliae illustrium''. Typis Ioannis Baptistae; et: Schannat, J. F. (1723). ''Eiflia illustrata, sive geographica et historica descriptionis comitatus Eifliae''. Typis J.A. Köthen; et: Schannat, J. F. (1723). ''Eiflia Illustrata, sive chorographica et historica descriptio comitatus Eifliae''. [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]: Sumptibus viduae J. B. Metternich.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grafschaft'')</small> * [[Curia Limburgensis]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Limburgerhof'')</small> * [[Hasela (Palatinatus)|Hasela]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Haßloch'')</small> * [[Morbachium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Morbach'')</small> * [[Mutterstadium]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mutterstadt'')</small> {{div col end}} == Communia localia == === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abbatis Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Abbatis Villa]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Abtweiler'')</small> * [[Abentheuerium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831">Binterim, A. J., & Mooren, J. H. (1831). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiözese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung'' (Vol. 2). Moguntiaci: Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Abentheuer'')</small> * [[Acta (Eiflia)|Acta]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Acht'')</small> * [[Adinbachium]]<ref name="Academia Electoralis Theodoro-Palatinae II 1770">Academia Electoralis Theodoro-Palatinae. (1770). ''Historia et commentationes Academiae Electoralis Scientiarum et Elegantiorum Litterarum Theodoro-Palatinae'' (Vol. 2). Typis Academicis.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Adenbach'')</small> * [[Afflaria]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Affler'')</small> * [[Agathonis Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Echtershausen'')</small> * [[Ager Fraxineus]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eschfeld'')</small> * [[Agitelsbacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Achtelsbach'')</small> * [[Agiwaltivilla]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elzweiler'')</small> * [[Agonis Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehweiler'')</small> * [[Ailertchenium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ailertchen'')</small> * [[Albersweilerium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albersweiler'')</small> * [[Albessenum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albessen'')</small> * [[Albia (Occidentalis Silva)|Albia]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elben'')</small> * [[Albis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Albis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alf'')</small> * [[Albucha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albig'')</small> * [[Albulfi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albisheim'')</small> * [[Alflona]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alflen'')</small> * [[Alcana (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Alcana]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alken'')</small> * [[Alchorodum]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elkenroth'')</small> * [[Alchovilla (Nava)|Alchovilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(ad [[Nava (flumen)|Navam]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellweiler'')</small> * [[Alchovilla (Tergum Caninum)|Alchovilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Elchweiler'')</small> * [[Alisontia (Palatinatus)|Alisontia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsenz'')</small> * [[Allenbachum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Allenbach'')</small> * [[Allendorfium (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Allendorfium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Allendorf'')</small> * [[Allenfeldium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Allenfeld'')</small> * [[Almersbacum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Almersbach'')</small> * [[Alnetobacum prope Candelam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erlenbach bei Kandel'')</small> * [[Alnetobacum prope Danam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erlenbach bei Dahn'')</small> * [[Alnetum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Alnetum]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellerstadt'')</small> * [[Alnetum Eifliense]]<ref name="Schannat 1852">Schannat, J. F. (1852). ''Eiflia Illustrata: Oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (G. Bärsch, Ed.). Lintz; et: Schannat, J. F. (1852). ''Eiflia illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (G. Bärsch, Ed.; Vol. 2). Jakob Anton Mayer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellscheid'')</small> * [[Alni Divisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehlscheid'')</small> * [[Alpenrodium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alpenrod'')</small> * [[Alsbacum (Occidentalis Silva)|Alsbacum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsbach'')</small> * [[Alsdorfium (Eiflia)|Alsdorfium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsdorf'')</small> * [[Alsdorfium (Occidentalis Silva)|Alsdorfium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsdorf'')</small> * [[Alshemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsheim'')</small> * [[Alta Regia (Rhenania)|Alta Regia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altrich'')</small> * [[Alta Ripa (Palatinatus)|Alta Ripa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altrip'')</small> * [[Alta Statio-Dahuna]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochstetten-Dhaun'')</small> * [[Alterkulzium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alterkülz''; [[Hunnice]] ''Allerkilz'')</small> * [[Altum Villare (Rhenaniae et Palatinatus)|Altum Villare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hockweiler'')</small> * [[Alua]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bleialf'')</small> * [[Ambitus Sigae]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hamm'')</small> * [[Ameslabrunno]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Esselborn'')</small> * [[Ammeldinga ad Novum Castrum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ammeldingen bei Neuerburg'')</small> * [[Ammeldinga ad Ouram]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ammeldingen an der Our'')</small> * [[Angelostadium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Engelstadt'')</small> * [[Angulocampus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckfeld'')</small> * [[Angulus Franconum]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankeneck'')</small> * [[Anhusium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Anhausen''; dialectaliter ''Onese'')</small> * [[Anschavia]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Anschau'')</small> * [[Ansiacum Mosellanum]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ensch'')</small> * [[Antiqua Dizuna]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altendiez'')</small> * [[Antiqua Laya]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altlay'')</small> * [[Antiqua Scheida]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altscheid'')</small> * [[Antiqua Villa (Palatinatus)|Antiqua Villa]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altdorf'')</small> * [[Antiquum Boimburgum]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743">Gudenus, V. F. (1743). ''Codex diplomaticus: exhibens anecdota Moguntiaca, iura, provincias, et adiacentes regiones'' (Vol. 1). Typis Ioannis Baptistae.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenbamberg'')</small> * [[Antiquum Strimmigium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altstrimmig'')</small> * [[Antiquum Widelbachium]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altweidelbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Aldweirelbach'')</small> * [[Antweilerium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Antweiler'')</small> * [[Appenhemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Appenheim'')</small> * [[Aqua (prope Augustam Treverorum)|Aqua]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aach'')</small> * [[Aquae Ferreae (Eiflia)|Aquae Ferreae]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670">Browerus, C., & Masenius, J. (1670). ''Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV''. Henricus Dehmen.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisenach'')</small> * [[Aquila (Germania)|Aquila]]<ref name="Brower 1626">Brower, C. (1626). ''Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV''. Officina Libraria Henrici Bock.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Igel'')</small> * [[Ara (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Ara]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenahr'')</small> * [[Arbachium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arbach'')</small> * [[Arbor Amelonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Emmelbaum'')</small> * [[Aremontium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aremberg'')</small> * [[Arenrathium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arenrath'')</small> * [[Arftium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arft'')</small> * [[Argenthalium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Argenthal''; [[Hunnice]] ''Ajedahl'')</small> * [[Ariswancum]]<ref name="Dotzauer 2001">Dotzauer, W. (2001). ''Geschichte des Nahe-Hunsrück-Raumes: Von den Anfängen bis zur Französischen Revolution''. Franz Steiner Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Argenschwang'')</small> * [[Armshemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Armsheim'')</small> * [[Arzbacum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arzbach'')</small> * [[Ardesfelda]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arzfeld'')</small> * [[Ardinicum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erden'')</small> * [[Arenza]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ernzen'')</small> * [[Aridum Nemus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dürrholz'')</small> * [[Asbachium (Occidentalis Silva)|Asbachium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Asbach'')</small> * [[Aspishemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aspisheim'')</small> * [[Astertium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Astert'')</small> * [[Attenhusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Attenhausen'')</small> * [[Atzelgiftium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Atzelgift'')</small> * [[Auderathium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auderath'')</small> * [[Audonis Domus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Edesheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Esem'')</small> * [[Auelium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auel'')</small>. * [[Augia (Tergum Caninum)|Augia]]<ref name="Trithemius 1601">Trithemius, I. (1601). ''Chronicon Coenobii Sponheimensis''. Typis Ioannis Albini; et: Trithemius, I. (1601). Chronicon Sponheimense, ca. 1495-1509. (Ed. Carl Velten, 1969). [[Cruciniacum|Cruciniaci]]: Eigenverlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Auen'')</small> * [[Augia ad Kyllam]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auw an der Kyll'')</small> * [[Augia ad Prumiam]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auw bei Prüm'')</small> * [[Augia Dusonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dausenau'')</small> * [[Aullium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aull'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Bachenbergium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bachenberg'')</small> * [[Bacunnum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bekond'')</small> * [[Bademium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Badem'')</small> * [[Badenhardia]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Badenhard''; [[Hunnice]] ''Banert'')</small> * [[Badenhemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Badenheim'')</small> * [[Baldringum]]<ref name="Gnodalius 1570">Gnodalius, P. (1570). ''Seditio repentina vulgi, praecipue rusticorum, anno M.D.XXV. per universam fere Germaniam exorta''. Henricus Petri</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Baldringen'')</small> * [[Bannum (Palatinatus)|Bannum]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857">Lehmann, J. G. (1857). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Klöster in der Pfalz''. Verlag der Joh. Chr. Hermann'sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bann'')</small> * [[Bannberscheidum]]<ref name="Steub 1846">Steub, L. (1846). ''Die oberdeutschen Familiennamen''. Verlag von George Joseph Manz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bannberscheid'')</small> * [[Barae (Eiflia)|Barae]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Baar'')</small> * [[Basilica Helperici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Helferskirchen'')</small> * [[Baudobrica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Büdlich'')</small> * [[Baulerum (Circulus terrae Arvilarensis)|Baulerum]]<ref name="Schannat 1855">Schannat, J. F. (1855). ''Eiflia illustrata, sive geographica et historica comitatus Eifliae descriptio''. Jacobus Antonius Mayer.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Arvilarensis|Circulo Arvilarensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae">Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' -secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo- vertit</ref><ref>Nomen Latinum completum "Circulus terrae Arvilarensis"</ref><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bauler'')</small> * [[Baustertum]]<ref name="Schannat 1855"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Baustert'')</small> * [[Bechelum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836">Steininger, J. (1836). ''Codex principis et metropolis Trevirensis: res Trevericas a saeculo X. usque ad nostra tempora illustrans''. Friederich Lintz; et: Steininger, J. (1836). ''Codex principis et metropolis Trevirensis: Res Trevirericas a tempore Romanae dominationis usque ad nostram aetatem''. Typis et Sumptibus F. Lintz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Becheln'')</small> * [[Bechtrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechtheim'')</small> * [[Beindersheimium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beindersheim'')</small> * [[Belgica (Germania)|Belgica]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Belg''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bellisch'')</small> * [[Belinga (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Belinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis|Circulo Eiflensi Bedensi et Prumiensi]]<ref name="CEBEP"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Beilingen'')</small> * [[Belinga (Occidentalis Silva)|Belinga]]<ref name="Görz 1886">Görz, A. (1886). ''Mittelrheinische Regesten: oder chronologische Zusammenstellung der Quellenbriefe für die Geschichte der Territorien der heutigen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier''. Verlag von F. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bellingen'')</small> * [[Bellum (Tergum Caninum)|Bellum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bell'')</small> * [[Bellum (prope Mendigum)|Bellum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(prope [[Mendigum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bell'')</small> * [[Beltema]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beltheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Belldem'')</small> * [[Bercilingua]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berlingen'')</small> * [[Bermola]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bermel'')</small> * [[Bertriacum]]<ref name="Gilles 1988">Gilles, K.-J. (1988). ''Die Entersburg bei Bad Bertrich. Ein "Troja" der Eifel''. Apud ''Jahrbuch für den Kreis Cochem-Zell''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Bertrich'')</small> * [[Bettilonis Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Betteldorf'')</small> * [[Bettinga (Eiflia)|Bettinga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bettingen'')</small> * [[Betularia-Honigsessenium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Königliches Statistisches Bureau XII 1885">Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Ed.) (1885). ''Gemeindelexikon für das Königreich Preußen: Provinz Rheinland'' (Vol. 12). Berolini: Verlag des Königlichen Statistischen Bureaus; et: Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Ed.) (1885). ''Gemeindelexikon für das Königreich Preußen: Auf Grund der Materialien der Volkszählung vom 1. Dezember 1885'' (Vol. 12). Berolini: Verlag des Königlichen Statistischen Bureaus.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Birken-Honigsessen'')</small> * [[Betularum Domus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Berkhem'')</small> * [[Beyia]]<ref name="Beyer II 1874"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausbay'')</small> * [[Bibaraha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebern''; [[Hunnice]] ''Biewere'')</small> * [[Bibericum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebrich'')</small> * [[Bickenbacum (Tergum Caninum)|Bickenbacum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bickenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Beggebach'')</small> * [[Bidasium]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841">Lehmann, J. G. (1841). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Klöster in der ehemaligen Pfalz am Rheine''. Caesareae Lutrae: Tascher. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Biedesheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Birressem'')</small> * [[Bifangum Ulonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eulenbis'')</small> * [[Bilestinum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beilstein'')</small> * [[Binninga (Eiflia)|Binninga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Binningen'')</small> * [[Binsfelda (Eiflia)|Binsfelda]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Binsfeld'')</small> * [[Birgelium]]<ref name="Wackenroder 1928">Wackenroder, E. (1928). ''Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kreises Daun'' (P. Clemen, Ed.; Vol. 12/III). Dusseldorpii: L. Schwann.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Birgel'')</small> * [[Birgesbura]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birresborn'')</small> * [[Birtinga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birtlingen'')</small> * [[Bitzenum]]<ref name="Königliches Statistisches Bureau XII 1885"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bitzen'')</small> * [[Blatmarisheimum]]<ref>Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (s. f.). ''About: Lorsch Codex, no. 1234''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochborn'')</small> * [[Bochinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böchingen'')</small> * [[Bolandia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bolanden''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bolanne'')</small> * [[Bollanevilla]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bollendorf'')</small> * [[Bona Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bona Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gutweiler'')</small> * [[Boni Agri]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gutenacker'')</small> * [[Borlerium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898">Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz: Die Karte von 1789'' (Vol. 1 & 2). Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Karte von 1589 und die Erläuterungen von 1594. In Erläuterungen zum Geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz'' (Vol. 2). Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Borler'')</small> * [[Bovina (Nava)|Bovina]] <small>(ad [[Nava (flumen)|Navam]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Boos'')</small> * [[Braunshornium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Braunshorn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Brousert'')</small> * [[Bredallum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Briedel'')</small> * [[Breidena]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Briedern'')</small> * [[Bremba]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bremm'')</small> * [[Bretzenheimum ad Navam]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bretzenheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Brätzenem'')</small> * [[Briedina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brieden'')</small> * [[Briminga]]<ref name="Linden 1852">Linden, I. (1852). ''Hierarchia Trevirensis: Catalogus omnium ecclesiarum et cleri dioecesis Trevirensis''. Ex Officina Typographica B. Herder.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brimingen'')</small> * [[Brinichum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brenk'')</small> * [[Brocscheidum]]<ref name="Schannat 1829">Schannat, I. F. (1829). ''Eiflia illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (G. Bärsch, Tranl.). Mayer. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brockscheid'')</small> * [[Brodenbacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brodenbach'')</small> * [[Brohla-Luezilinga]]<ref name="Brommer 2003">Brommer, P. (2003). ''Die Kanzlei der Erzbischöfe von Trier im 12. Jahrhundert''. Gesellschaft für Mittelrheinische Kirchengeschichte; et: Brommer, P. (2003). ''Inventar des Archivs der Stadt Cochem''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Verlag der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brohl-Lützing'')</small> * [[Bruchamulbacum-Misavia]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchmühlbach-Miesau'')</small> * [[Bruchertseifia]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchertseifen'')</small> * [[Bruchwilarius-Berenbacum]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchweiler-Bärenbach'')</small> * [[Brucusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchhausen'')</small> * [[Brula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brohl'')</small> * [[Brunswillarium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brauweiler'')</small> * [[Bruo]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brey'')</small> * [[Bruscheida]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruschied'')</small> * [[Bruttigum-Fancale]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruttig-Fankel'')</small> * [[Bubacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bubach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bobach'')</small> * [[Bubenheimium (Hassia Rhenana)|Bubenheimium]]<ref name="Brilmayer 1905">Brilmayer, K. I. (1905). ''Rheinhessen in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart''. [[Giessa]]e: Roth.</ref> <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bubenheim'')</small> * [[Bubonum Villa (Palatinatus)|Bubonum Villa]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bubenheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Buwerum'')</small> * [[Bubura]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buborn'')</small> * [[Budonis Villa]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Büdesheim'')</small> * [[Buidonivilla]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bobenheim am Berg'')</small> * [[Bulenberga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buhlenberg'')</small> * [[Bulichum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beulich'')</small> * [[Bulleia]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bullay'')</small> * [[Bundenbachium]]<ref name="Cellarius 1706">Cellarius, C. (1706). ''Notitia Orbis Antiqui, sive Geographia Plenior: ab ortu rerumpublicarum ad Constantinorum tempora''. Gleditsch.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Großbundenbach'')</small> * [[Bundenbachum Minus]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinbundenbach'')</small> * [[Bunglum (Mosella)|Bunglum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bengel'')</small> * [[Burgus (Mosella)|Burgus]] <small>(ad [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosellam]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burg'')</small> * [[Burgus (Mosella Inferior)|Burgus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(ad [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosellam Inferiorem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgen'')</small> * [[Burgus (Eiflia)|Burgus]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burg'')</small> * [[Burgus (prope Bernicastellum-Cusam)|Burgus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(prope [[Bernicastellum-Cusam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Marx 1905"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgen'')</small> * [[Burovillare]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burrweiler'')</small> * [[Burtscheidium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burtscheid'')</small> * [[Buveza]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Boos'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Cabusvillerium]]<ref name="Frey I 1836">Frey, M. (1836). ''Die Statistisch-Historische Beschreibung des königlich bayerischen Rheinkreises'' (Vol. 1). [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]]: F. C. Neidhard.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kapsweyer'')</small> * [[Cadena (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Cadena]]<ref>Verbandsgemeinde Westerburg (2024). ''Kaden: Ortsgemeinde im Westerwaldkreis''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaden'')</small> * [[Caefenhemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaifenheim'')</small> * [[Caela]]<ref name="">Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz (2021). ''Jahrbuch für westdeutsche Landesgeschichte'' (Vol. 47). [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Verlag der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kail'')</small> * [[Caeshofium]]<ref name="Toepke II 1884">Toepke, G. (1884). ''Die Matrikel der Universität Heidelberg von 1386 bis 1662'' (Vol. 2). [[Heidelberga]]e: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Käshofen'')</small> * [[Cagelenstadium]]<ref name="Schoepflin I 1772">Schoepflin, J. D. (1772). ''Alsatia Illustrata: Germanica Gallica'' (Vol. 1). [[Colmaria]]e: Ex Typographia Regia.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kallstadt'')</small> * [[Calcefurnium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalkofen'')</small> * [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium]]<ref name="Oediger II 1954">Oediger, F. W. (1954). ''Die Regesten der Erzbischöfe von Köln im Mittelalter'' (Vol. 2). Bonnae: Hanstein.</ref> <small>(prope [[Ara (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Aram]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalenborn'')</small> * [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(prope [[Caesariacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalenborn'')</small> * [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern'')</small> * [[Caltenengersium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaltenengers'')</small> * [[Caltenholzhusa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaltenholzhausen'')</small> * [[Caltum]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalt'')</small> * [[Camesa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kanzem'')</small> * [[Caminus Picis (Palatinatus)|Caminus Picis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechhofen'')</small> * [[Campenichium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kempenich'')</small> * [[Campifelda]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kempfeld''; [[Hunnice]] ''Käfeld'' seu ''Kerf'ld'')</small> * [[Campus Animalium]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dierfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Baierorum et Steckweilerum]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/><ref name="Widder 1788">Widder, J. G. (1788). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine'' (Vol 1 ad 4). Francofurti et Lipsiae.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bayerfeld-Steckweiler'')</small> * [[Campus Balesii]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750">Hontheim, N. (1750). ''Historia Trevirensis diplomatica et pragmatica''. Apud viduam et filium Joannis Gulielmi Huisch.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Balesfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Bettonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bettenfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Bonini]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bonefeld'')</small> * [[Campus-Bornhofium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="">Dahlow, V. (1884). ''Das Kapuzinerkloster zu Bornhofen: Seine Geschichte und seine Gnadenstätte''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]]: Paulinus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kamp-Bornhofen'')</small> * [[Campus Caprarum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geisfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Curiae (Eiflia)|Campus Curiae]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hoffeld'')</small> * [[Campus Dedinis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deudesfeld''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Deisseld'')</small> * [[Campus Eritii]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ersfeld'')</small> * [[Campus et Mons]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großkampenberg'')</small> * [[Campus Flammingi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flammersfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Friscanis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freckenfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Indaginis (Palatinatus)|Campus Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hainfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Pineus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fürfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Speltae]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harspelt'')</small> * [[Campus Vallis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Campus Vallis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dellfeld'')</small> * [[Cana (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Cana]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Caan'')</small> * [[Capella (Tergum Caninum)|Capella]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kappel''; [[Hunnice]] ''Kabbel'')</small> * [[Capella (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Capella]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kappeln'')</small> * [[Capella-Drusvillare]]<ref name="Historischer Verein der Pfalz XIV 1890">Historischer Verein der Pfalz (1890). ''Mitteilungen des Historischen Vereins der Pfalz'' (Vol. 14). [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]]: Gilardone.</ref><ref name="Zeuss 1842">Zeuss, K. (1842). ''Traditiones possessionesque Wizenburgenses: Codices duo cum supplemento''. [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]]: Libraria Zu-Schannat.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kapellen-Drusweiler'')</small> * [[Caperichium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaperich'')</small> * [[Capitalis Cathedra]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hauptstuhl'')</small> * [[Carbachium (Tergum Caninum)|Carbachium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Karbach'')</small> * [[Carla (Eiflia)|Carla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Karl''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Koahl'')</small> * [[Carolihusium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Karlshausen''; [[Luxemburgice]] ''Korelsen'')</small> * [[Carolobachium Minus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinkarlbach'')</small> * [[Carolomontium (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Carolomontium]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Charlottenberg'')</small> * [[Carolomontium (Circulus terrae Turingensis)|Carolomontium]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Turingensis|Circulo terrae Turingensi]]<ref name="CTTuringensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Turingensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Bad Dürkheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Turingensis-e" ad [[Turingum]] refertur.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Carlsberg'')</small> * [[Carpenium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerpen'')</small> * [[Casa Bubonum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Börfink'')</small> * [[Casae ad Montem (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Casae ad Montem]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berghausen'')</small> * [[Casae Beionis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beinhausen'')</small> * [[Casae Bennonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bennhausen''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bennese'')</small> * [[Casae Bergonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bergenhausen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bärjehouse'')</small> * [[Casae Berizonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berzhausen'')</small> * [[Casae Bidari]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biedershausen'')</small> * [[Casae Faginae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Büchenbeuren''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bischebäjere'')</small> * [[Casbachium-Olenbergium]]<ref name="Oediger II 1954"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kasbach-Ohlenberg'')</small> * [[Caschenbachium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaschenbach'')</small> * [[Casdorfium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kasdorf'')</small> * [[Caseifelda]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kesfeld'')</small> * [[Casella (prope Augustam Treverorum)|Casella]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kasel''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Kosel'')</small> * [[Casloaca]]<ref>Vide: Regionalgeschichte.net (2024). ''Kesseling - Benediktinerpropstei''; ubi dicitur "(...) Kesseling (...) "Monasterium quod vocatur Casloaca" (...)".</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kesseling'')</small> * [[Castanidum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kesten'')</small> * [[Castellum-Stadium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kastel-Staadt'')</small> * [[Castrum Brule]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgbrohl'')</small> * [[Castrum Gaudii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freudenburg'')</small> * [[Castrum Larae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burglahr'')</small> * [[Casturtium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kestert'')</small> * [[Casulae Puerorum]]<ref name="Beyer II 1865">Beyer, H. (1865). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 2). [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kinderbeuern'')</small> * [[Cattibachium]]<ref name="Widder III 1787"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzenbach'')</small> * [[Catzvillerium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzweiler'')</small> * [[Catzvinkelium (Segaha)|Catzvinkelium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(ad [[Segaha]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzwinkel'')</small> * [[Causenium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kausen'')</small> * [[Cazvinkelium (Eiflia)|Cazvinkelium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzwinkel'')</small> * [[Cella ad Lacum]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kell am See'')</small> * [[Cervicampus (Tergum Caninum)|Cervicampus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschfeld''; [[Hunnice]] ''Heerschfeld'')</small> * [[Cervicornu (Palatinatus)|Cervicornu]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschhorn/Pfalz'')</small> * [[Cervimontium (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Cervimontium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschberg'')</small> * [[Cervivallis (Palatinatus)|Cervivallis]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschthal'')</small> * [[Clarus Rivus (Eiflia)|Clarus Rivus]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren 1830">Binterim, A. J., & Mooren, J. H. (1830). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiöcese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung und jetzigen Verfassung''. Simon Müller.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gladbach'')</small> * [[Clausa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Clausa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Clausen'')</small> * [[Clausura Eberhardi]]<ref name="Blackie 1887">Blackie, C. (1887). ''A Dictionary of Place-Names Giving Their Derivations''. John Murray.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Klausen'')</small> * [[Clenichium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinich'')</small> * [[Colli Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Colli Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Halsdorf'')</small> * [[Collis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Collis]]<ref name="Wasserzieher 1927">Wasserzieher, E. (1927). ''Hans und Grete: Eine Einführung in die Studium der deutschen Personennamen''. Ferdinand Dümmler Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Büchel'')</small> * [[Collis Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenbeul'')</small> * [[Collis Hassonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hatzenbühl'')</small> * [[Concha Sanctorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heiligenmoschel'')</small> * [[Condate Vicus]]<ref name="Condate Vicus">Vide [https://www.gemeinde-contwig.de/index.php/ortsgeschichte ''Gemeinde Contwig''], ubi dicitur "(...) Namen „condate vicus“ (oder ähnlich) erhielt (...)".</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Contwig'')</small> * [[Contrava]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gondorf'')</small> * [[Cunisbacum]]<ref name="Frey I 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kindsbach'')</small> * [[Cunnenhemium]]<ref name="Widder III 1787"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kindenheim''; [[Palatinice]]; ''Kinnerem'')</small> * [[Curia (Occidentalis Silva)|Curia]]<ref name="Stein 1827">Stein, F. (1827). ''Annalen des Vereins für Nassauische Altertumskunde und Geschichtsforschung''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hof'')</small> * [[Curia Dominicalis]]<ref name="Simmern-Rheinböllen 2024">Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen (2024). ''Ortsgemeinde Fronhofen''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Fronhofen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Fronhuwe'')</small> * [[Curia Vulpis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fuchshofen'')</small> * [[Curiae Arnonis]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arnshöfen'')</small> * [[Curtes Dissonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dessighofen''; dialectaliter ''Dessje'')</small> * [[Curtes Endlichonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Endlichhofen'')</small> * [[Curtis Ferrea]]<ref name="Meisner 1623"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisighofen'')</small> * [[Curtes Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hanhofen'')</small> * [[Curva (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Curva]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirf'')</small> * [[Curvatura Arboris]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hentern'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dackenheimium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dackenheim'')</small> * [[Dackscheidium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dackscheid'')</small> * [[Daleidium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Daleiden'')</small> * [[Dancano]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahnen'')</small> * [[Datinberga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dattenberg'')</small> * [[Decima (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Decima]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Detzem'')</small> * [[Deesenum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deesen'')</small> * [[Deinspure]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Densborn'')</small> * [[Dernavia]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernau'')</small> * [[Derschenum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Derschen'')</small> * [[Deslochium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Desloch'')</small> * [[Dichotoma Silva]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Habscheid'')</small> * [[Dicio Hassonis]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Haserich'')</small> * [[Dieblichum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dieblich'')</small> * [[Difficilis Scissus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bisterschied'')</small> * [[Dilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dimbach'')</small> * [[Didonevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dingdorf'')</small> * [[Dimidia Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Halbs'')</small> * [[Discidium Haris (prope Adenovam)|Discidium Haris]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Amplum (Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis)|Discrimen Amplum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis|Circulo terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae"/><ref>Nomen Latinum completum "Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis".</ref><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitscheidt'')</small> * [[Discrimen Amplum (Occidentalis Silva)|Discrimen Amplum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Amplum (Tergum Caninum)|Discrimen Amplum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Aquarum]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Euscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Dammae]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Damscheid''; [[Hunnice]] ''Domschiehd'')</small> * [[Discrimen Darsonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Darscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Exustum (Eiflia)|Discrimen Exustum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brandscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Exustum (Occidentalis Silva)|Discrimen Exustum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brandscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Ignis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feuerscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Spissum]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dickenschied''; [[Hunnice]] ''Diggeschiehd'')</small> * [[Divortium (Tergum Caninum)|Divortium]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bescheid''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Baäschd'')</small> * [[Divortium Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berscheid'')</small> * [[Docconis Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dockweiler'')</small> * [[Docconisvilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dockendorf'')</small> * [[Dommari Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dommershausen''; dialectaliter [[Hunnice]] ''Dommasch'')</small> * [[Domus (ad Wedam)|Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(ad [[Weda]]m)<ref name="Weda">[http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/orblatw.html www.columbia.edu]</ref></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausen'')</small> * [[Domus (Tergum Caninum)|Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausen'')</small> * [[Domus Agilonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellenhausen''; dialectaliter ''Ellehouse'')</small> * [[Domus Ansonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ensheim'')</small> * [[Domus Argis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ergeshausen'')</small> * [[Domus Arzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erzenhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Azonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Essenheim'')</small> * [[Domus Candida (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus Candida]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bleckhausen''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Blääkes'')</small> * [[Domus Catenatae]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kettenhausen''; dialectaliter ''Kerressen'')</small> * [[Domus Davilonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dauwelshausen'')</small> * [[Domus Ebichonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ewighausen''; dialectaliter ''Iwichhouse'')</small> * [[Domus Emmerici]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Emmerzhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Eppilonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppelsheim'')</small> * [[Domus Erpfolvi]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erpolzheim'')</small> * [[Domus Etichonis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus Etichonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ettinghausen'')</small> * [[Domus Hargeri]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hargesheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hajesimm'')</small> * [[Domus Harichi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916">Förstemann, E. (1916). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen und sonstige geographische Namen'' (Vol. 2, 3ª ed.). [[Bonna]]e: P. Hanstein.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Harxheim'')</small> * [[Domus Henrici (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus Henrici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heinzenhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Hilderedi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hellertshausen'')</small> * [[Domus in Eiflia]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausten'')</small> * [[Domus in Saepto Scisso]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heckhuscheid'')</small> * [[Domus in Silva (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus in Silva]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harthausen'')</small> * [[Domus Silvestres in Ericeto]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzhausen an der Haide'')</small> * [[Domus Tabulata]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bretthausen'')</small> * [[Dossinhusa]]<ref name="Moos & Kober 2009">Moos, P. S., & Kober, K. (2009). ''Die Geschichte von Dachsenhausen''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Dachsenhausen'')</small> * [[Dreisa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dreisa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Drees'')</small> * [[Dudonis Castrum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dodenburg'')</small> * [[Dudonis Curtes]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dudenhofen'')</small> * [[Dudonis Novale]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Duchroth'')</small> * [[Dulgisvilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dolgesheim'')</small> * [[Dunechinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Düngenheim'')</small> * [[Dunonis Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dunzweiler'')</small> * [[Duodelonis Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dudeldorf'')</small> * [[Dura Petra (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dura Petra]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hartenfels''; dialectaliter ''Harbels'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Eberhardi Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ebertshausen'')</small> * [[Eberolfidomus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ebertsheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Ewwertsem'' seu ''Ewwertzum'')</small> * [[Ecclesia ad Eybam]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kircheib'')</small> * [[Ecclesia ad Saram]]<ref name="Oediger I 1961">Oediger, F. W. (1961). ''Das Bistum Köln von den Anfängen bis zum Ende des 12. Jahrhunderts'' (Geschichte des Erzbistums Köln, Vol. 1). [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]: J.P. Bachem.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchsahr'')</small> * [[Ecclesiae Castrum]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirburg''; dialectaliter ''Kirbursch'' seu ''Kirberich'')</small> * [[Ecclesiae Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Ecclesiae Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchheim an der Weinstraße'')</small> * [[Egihari Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckersweiler'')</small> * [[Egili Divisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eilscheid'')</small> * [[Egla (Germania)|Egla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ayl'')</small> * [[Eichana]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eich'')</small> * [[Eichelhardia]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898">Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. [[Bonna]]e: Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz''. Behrend & Co; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Karte von der Grafschaft Sponheim: Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz''. Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Das Pfälzische Oberamt Zweibrücken: Ein Beitrag zur geschichtlichen Landeskunde''. Westpfälzische Verlagsdruckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eichelhardt'')</small> * [[Ekkilonis Domus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckelsheim'')</small> * [[Elbinga (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Elbinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elbingen'')</small> * [[Elira (Tergum Caninum)|Elira]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellern''; [[Hunnice]] ''Ellere'')</small> * [[Elisapha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elsoff'')</small> * [[Ellentia-Poltervilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellenz-Poltersdorf'')</small> * [[Enchiriacus Vicus]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enkirch''; [[Hunnice]] ''Engerisch'')</small> * [[Enkenbacum-Alisontia Fons]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enkenbach-Alsenborn'')</small> * [[Enselinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eßlingen'')</small> * [[Enspila]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enspel'')</small> * [[Enzena (Eiflia)|Enzena]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enzen'')</small> * [[Episcopi Domus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Episcopi Domus]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bischheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bischem'')</small> * [[Episcopi Mons (Nava)|Episcopi Mons]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frauenberg'')</small> * [[Epponis Fons]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppenbrunn'')</small> * [[Era (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Era]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehr'')</small> * [[Erbes-Budesheimium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erbes-Büdesheim'')</small> * [[Erela]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irrel''; dialectaliter ''Eardel'')</small> * [[Ericetum Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenheide'')</small> * [[Ermeniacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irmenach'')</small> * [[Erneza]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ernst'')</small> * [[Erphowilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erfweiler'')</small> * [[Estor]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Esthal''; [[Palatinice]] ''Eschdl'')</small> * [[Ethigira et Alara]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ediger-Eller'')</small> * [[Etichovilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etteldorf'')</small> * [[Ettringium (Eiflia)|Ettringium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ettringen'')</small> * [[Eulgemium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eulgem'')</small> * [[Excelsa Devexitas]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohenöllen'')</small> * [[Excelsum Villare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höheischweiler'')</small> * [[Excelsus Scopulus-Essingia]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/><ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohenfels-Essingen'')</small> * [[Exstirpatio Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berndroth'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fachbachium]]<ref name="BÄr 1891">Bär, M. (1891). ''Die Behördenverfassung der Rheinprovinz seit 1815''. [[Bonna]]e, in Germania: Max Cohen & Sohn.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Fachbach'')</small> * [[Fagetum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Fagetum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buchet'')</small> * [[Fagus (Taunus)|Fagus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Taunus mons|Tauno]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Buch'')</small> * [[Fagus (Tergum Caninum)|Fagus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Buch''; [[Hunnice]] ''Booch'')</small> * [[Fagus Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hambuch'')</small> * [[Faidia]]<ref name="Statistisches Landesamt 2024">Statistisches Landesamt Rheinland-Pfalz. (2024). ''Bevölkerungsstand von Land, Landkreisen, Gemeinden und Verbandsgemeinden''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Faid'')</small> * [[Falconis Petra (Palatinatus)|Falconis Petra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Falkenstein''; [[Palatinice]] ''Falgestää'')</small> * [[Fela et Villa Ritizonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fehl-Ritzhausen''; dialectaliter ''Feel-R’tshause'')</small> * [[Ferrifodina (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Ferrifodina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisenschmitt'')</small> * [[Filsena]]<ref name="BÄr 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Filsen'')</small> * [[Fischlinga Minor]]<ref name="Zölch 2012">Zölch, T. (2012). ''Die Bischöfe von Speyer zur Zeit Kaiser Friedrichs II''. [[Universitas Ruperto-Carola Heidelbergensis]].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinfischlingen'')</small> * [[Flexus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Flexus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bogel'')</small> * [[Flexus Rheni]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hamm am Rhein'')</small> * [[Flisima]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fließem'')</small> * [[Fluderscha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fluterschen'')</small> * [[Fluxus Dammae]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Damflos'')</small> * [[Fons Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bereborn'')</small> * [[Fons Boeri]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Börsborn'')</small> * [[Fons Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heimborn'')</small> * [[Fons Fluvius]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flomborn'')</small> * [[Fons Herii (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Fons Herii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herborn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Herwerre'')</small> * [[Fons Tumuli]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böllenborn'')</small> * [[Fontes Frigidi (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Fontes Frigidi]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaltenborn'')</small> * [[Forstium (Eiflia)|Forstium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier Speyer 2024">Bistumsarchiv Trier. (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Castor (Binningen/Forst)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier; et: Bistumsarchiv Trier. (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Castor (Mörsdorf/Forst)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier. (</ref> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst'')</small> * [[Forstium (Tergum Caninum)|Forstium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier Speyer 2024"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst''; [[Hunnice]] ''Forschd'')</small> * [[Forstium (prope Wissenam ad Segam)|Forstium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier 2026">Bistumsarchiv Trier. (2026). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Sebastian (Wissen/Forst)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier.</ref> <small>(prope [[Wissena ad Segam|Wissenam ad Segam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst'')</small> * [[Forstium ad Viam Vinariam]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Speyer 2024">Bistumsarchiv Speyer. (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Margaretha (Forst)''. [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Speyer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst an der Weinstraße'')</small> * [[Fraxinetum ad Salmam]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(prope [[Vitelliacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Esch'')</small> * [[Fraxinetum Eifliense]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(prope [[Gerolstenium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Esch'')</small> * [[Fraxinibachium (Palatinatus Occidentalis)|Fraxinibachium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu Occidentali]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Aschbach'')</small> * [[Fraxinibachium (Tergum Caninum)|Fraxinibachium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Asbach'')</small> * [[Fraxinorivus (prope Nastadium)|Fraxinorivus]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(prope [[Nastadium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Eschbach'')</small> * [[Fraxinorivus Palatinus]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Eschbach'')</small> * [[Frohnhofenium]]<ref name="BÄr 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frohnhofen'')</small> * [[Fructus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Fructus]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frücht'')</small> * [[Fundus (Occidentalis Silva)|Fundus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Boden'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Gammina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gamlen'')</small> * [[Gapinacha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gappenach'')</small> * [[Gefellium (Eiflia)|Gefellium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier Gefell (2024)">Bistumsarchiv Trier (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Hubertus (Gefell)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gefell'')</small> * [[Geichlinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geichlingen'')</small> * [[Geisigium]]<ref name="Bistum Limburg 2024">Bistum Limburg (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis des Diözesanarchivs Limburg''. [[Limburgum ad Lahnam|Limburgi ad Lahnam]], in Germania: Diözesanarchiv.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Geisig'')</small> * [[Gelerotha]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gieleroth'')</small> * [[Gelisheimia]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gilzem'')</small> * [[Gembrica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemmerich'')</small> * [[Gemundia (Oura)|Gemundia]]<ref name="Longnon 1915">Longnon, A. (1915). ''Pouillés de la province de Trèves''. Imprimerie Nationale.</ref> <small>(ad [[Oura (Sura)|Ouram]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemünd'')</small> * [[Gemundia (Occidentalis Silva)|Gemundia]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemünden'')</small> * [[Gemundia (Tergum Caninum)|Gemundia]]<ref name="Zwiebelberg 1970">Zwiebelberg, W. (1970). ''Das alte Gemünden''. Harald Boldt Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemünden''; [[Hunnice]] ''Geminne'')</small> * [[Gensina]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gensingen'')</small> * [[Georgii Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Georgii Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Görgeshausen'')</small> * [[Geraha (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Geraha]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gerisch'')</small> * [[Gerardi Fons]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891">Fabricius, W. (1891). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. [[Bonna]]e: Behrend & Co.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerhardsbrunn'')</small> * [[Gerardshusium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Giershausen'')</small> * [[Gerbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerbach'')</small> * [[Gergeroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Girkenroth'')</small> * [[Geringa]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gering'')</small> * [[Gerolsheimia]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerolsheim'')</small> * [[Gevenichum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gevenich'')</small> * [[Geysinhusium]]<ref name="Trautmann 2001">Trautmann, D. (2001). ''Bilder, Geschichten und Nachrichten aus über 700 Jahren Giesenhausen''. Vetere Ecclesia.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Giesenhausen'')</small> * [[Gichelinga]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860">Beyer, H., Eltester, L., & Goerz, A. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Treves bildenden Mittelrheinischen Territorien''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gentingen'')</small> * [[Gielertum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gielert'')</small> * [[Gierschnacum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gierschnach'')</small> * [[Gildensburna]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gillenbeuren'')</small> * [[Gillenfeldia]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gillenfeld''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Jillwed'')</small> * [[Gimbsheimia]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gimbsheim'')</small> * [[Gindorfium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gindorf'')</small> * [[Gipperatha]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gipperath'')</small> * [[Giroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Girod'')</small> * [[Gisina Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Giesdorf'')</small> * [[Glanna]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenglan'')</small> * [[Glensa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Glees'')</small> * [[Glisweilerum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gleisweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Glääswoiler'')</small> * [[Glizicella-Horbacum]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/><ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gleiszellen-Gleishorbach'')</small> * [[Godenroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gödenroth''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gerad'')</small> * [[Godhardi Novale]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Goddert''; dialectaliter ''Gorert'')</small> * [[Goecklingia]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Göcklingen''; [[Palatinice]] ''Gecklinge'')</small> * [[Gommersheimum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gommersheim'')</small> * [[Gondenbrettum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gondenbrett'')</small> * [[Goenhemium]]<ref name="Baur 1862">Baur, L. (1862). ''Hessische Urkunden: Aus dem Grossherzoglich Hessischen Haus- und Staatsarchive''. [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]]: Verlag von Jonghaus.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gönnheim'')</small> * [[Goennersdorfium (Eiflia)|Goennersdorfium]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gönnersdorf'')</small> * [[Goennersdorfium (prope Aquas Brisiacenses)|Goennersdorfium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(prope [[Aquae Brisiacenses|Aquas Brisiacenses]]<ref name="Peutinger 1888"/></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gönnersdorf'')</small> * [[Gornhausium]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gornhausen'')</small> * [[Gozerswillare-Lapis]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/><ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gossersweiler-Stein'')</small> * [[Graca ad Mosellam]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Graach an der Mosel'')</small> * [[Grandesdorpum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gransdorf'')</small> * [[Gransifenium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großseifen''; dialectaliter: ''Großseife'')</small> * [[Greimersburgum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Greimersburg'')</small> * [[Grenderiacum]]<ref name="Ortsgemeinde Grenderich (2024)">Ortsgemeinde Grenderich (2024). ''Ortsgeschichte – Gemeinde Grenderich''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grenderich''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gränerisch'')</small> * [[Griesa (Palatinatus)|Griesa]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gries'')</small> * [[Grimburgum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Grimburg'')</small> * [[Grimolderoda (Eiflia)|Grimolderoda]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Greimerath'')</small> * [[Grimoldesroda (prope Augustam Treverorum)|Grimoldesroda]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(prope [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustam Treverorum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Greimerath'')</small> * [[Grolshemium]]<ref name="Saur 1594">Saur, A. (1594). ''Theatrum Urbium: Contrafeytung und Beschreibung der vornembsten Stätte, Schlösser und Festungen''. Nicolaus Basseus.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grolsheim'')</small> * [[Guckhemium]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Guckheim'')</small> * [[Guckingium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gückingen'')</small> * [[Gumbacum]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gonbach'')</small> * [[Gumonis Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gumbsheim'')</small> * [[Gumpwillare]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gimbweiler'')</small> * [[Gundahari Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gundersheim'')</small> * [[Gunderathium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gunderath'')</small> * [[Gundeswillare]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ginsweiler'')</small> * [[Gundonis Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gundheim'')</small> * [[Gunterespumario]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Guntersblum'')</small> * [[Guntershusium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gondershausen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gundersch'')</small> * [[Gurgitis Campus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dümpelfeld'')</small> * [[Gusenburgium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gusenburg'')</small> * [[Gussenroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gösenroth''; [[Hunnice]] ''Geserd'')</small> * [[Gusterathium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gusterath''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Göstert'')</small> * [[Gylnheimum]]<ref name="Gemeinde Göllheim">Gemeinde Göllheim. (s.f.). ''Göllheims Geschichte''. Göllheim.de.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Göllheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Gellem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hackonis Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hackenheim'')</small> * [[Hahnstadium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnstätten'')</small> * [[Hainavia]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hainau'')</small> * [[Hano]]<ref name="Waitz 1879">Waitz, G. (Ed.) (1879). ''Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Diplomatum Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Höhn'')</small> * [[Hanum (Tergum Caninum)|Hanum]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahn'')</small> * [[Hanum ad Lacum]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahn am See'')</small> * [[Hanum prope Mariambergam]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahn bei Marienberg''; dialectaliter ''Hoh'')</small> * [[Hasbacum ad Montem Sancti Remigii]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Haschbach am Remigiusberg'')</small> * [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hasborn'')</small> * [[Hattertum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hattert'')</small> * [[Haurothum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hauroth'')</small> * [[Heckenmuensterium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heckenmünster'')</small> * [[Heddertum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heddert'')</small> * [[Helonze]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehlenz'')</small> * [[Herdiga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirten'')</small> * [[Hergenfeldia]]<ref>Ortsgemeinde Hergenfeld. (s. f.). ''Geschichte der Gemeinde Hergenfeld''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hergenfeld'')</small> * [[Hergenroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''Glossarium: Latin-German Place Names''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hergenroth'')</small> * [[Hergersvillare]]<ref name="Verbandsgemeinde Kandel 2013">Verbandsgemeinde Kandel. (2013). ''Statistik und Geschichte der Ortsgemeinden''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hergersweiler'')</small> * [[Herisdorfium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hersdorf'')</small> * [[Herla]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Diplomata">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''Diplomata Otto II''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Herl''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Herdel'')</small> * [[Hermersberga]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hermersberg'')</small> * [[Heroldia]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herold'')</small> * [[Herpla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erpel'')</small> * [[Herresbacum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herresbach'')</small> * [[Herrsteinium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herrstein''; [[Hunnice]] ''Herrschid'' seu ''Herrschde'')</small> * [[Herschbacum (prope Saltrissam in Silva Occidentali)|Herschbacum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(prope [[Saltrissa in Silva Occidentali|Saltrissam in Silva Occidentali]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschbach'')</small> * [[Herschbacum (Occidentalis Silva Superior)|Herschbacum]] <small>(prope [[Vallemeroda]]m<ref name="Steininger 1836"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschbach'')</small> * [[Herschberga]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschberg'')</small> * [[Herschbroichum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschbroich'')</small> * [[Herschvillare-Pettershemium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Herschweiler-Pettersheim">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''About: Herschweiler-Pettersheim''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref><ref name="Knod I 1897">Knod, G. C. (Ed.) (1897). ''Die alten Matrikeln der Universität Strassburg 1621 bis 1793'' (Vol. 1).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschweiler-Pettersheim'')</small> * [[Hertlinga]]<ref name="Beyer II 1874">Beyer, H. (1874). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 2). [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Härtlingen'')</small> * [[Herxheimium ad Montem]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herxheim am Berg'')</small> * [[Herxheimium ad Vivarium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herxheimweyher'')</small> * [[Herxheimium prope Landaviam]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/><ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herxheim bei Landau/Pfalz''; [[Palatinice]] ''Herxe'')</small> * [[Herzfeldia (Eiflia)|Herzfeldia]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herzfeld'')</small> * [[Hessheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heßheim'')</small> * [[Hesvillare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hesweiler'')</small> * [[Hettenhusa (Palatinatus)|Hettenhusa]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hettenhausen'')</small> * [[Hettenleidelheimium]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hettenleidelheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Hettrum'')</small> * [[Hettenroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hettenrodt''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hetterd'' seu ''Hädderd'')</small> * [[Hetzeroda (Eiflia)|Hetzeroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hetzerath'')</small> * [[Heupelzena]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heupelzen'')</small> * [[Heuzerta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heuzert'')</small> * [[Hiberna Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Güllesheim'')</small> * [[Hilgenroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilgenroth'')</small> * [[Hilgerta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilgert'')</small> * [[Hillesheimum (Hassia Rhenana)|Hillesheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hillesheim'')</small> * [[Hillscheidum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hillscheid'')</small> * [[Hilscheidum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilscheid'')</small> * [[Hilsta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilst'')</small> * [[Himmighovium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Himmighofen'')</small> * [[Hintertiefenbachum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hintertiefenbach'')</small> * [[Hintervillare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinterweiler'')</small> * [[Hinzenburgum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinzenburg''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Henzebürch'')</small> * [[Hinzvillare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinzweiler'')</small> * [[Hirza et Maulsbacum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirz-Maulsbach'')</small> * [[Hochdorfium et Assenheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochdorf-Assenheim'')</small> * [[Hochscheidum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochscheid'')</small> * [[Hochstadium (Palatinatus)|Hochstadium]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochstadt''; [[Palatinice]] ''Houschd'')</small> * [[Hochstaetta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochstätten'')</small> * [[Hoeringia]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höringen'')</small> * [[Hoffelera]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüffler'')</small> * [[Holenachum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hollnich''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hunelisch'')</small> * [[Holenbachium]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großholbach'')</small> * [[Holsthumium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holsthum''; dialectaliter ''Holzem'')</small> * [[Hommerdingia]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hommerdingen'')</small> * [[Honerathum]]<ref name="Mercator 1630">Mercator, G. (1630). ''Atlas sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica Mundi et Fabricati Figura''. Sumptibus & typis aeneis Henrici Hondii.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Honerath'')</small> * [[Honthemium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hontheim'')</small> * [[Hopstadium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hoppstädten'')</small> * [[Hopstadium-Weiersbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hoppstädten-Weiersbach'')</small> * [[Horathun]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horath'')</small> * [[Horbacum (Occidentalis Silva)|Horbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbach'')</small> * [[Horbacum (Palatinatus)|Horbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbach'')</small> * [[Horbacum (prope Symeram)|Horbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(prope [[Symera]]m<ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbach'')</small> * [[Horbruchium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbruch'')</small> * [[Hordtum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hördt'')</small> * [[Horhusa (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Horhusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horhausen'')</small> * [[Horhusa (Occidentalis Silva)|Horhusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horhausen'')</small> * [[Hornbacum Antiquum]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Althornbach'')</small> * [[Hornum (Tergum Caninum)|Hornum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hoore'')</small> * [[Horperathum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horperath'')</small> * [[Horschbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horschbach'')</small> * [[Horscheidum]]<ref name="Schannat II 1794">Schannat, J. F. (1794). ''Eiflia Illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (Vol. 2). [[Aquisgranum|Aquisgrani]]: Jakob Anton Mayer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hörscheid'')</small> * [[Horshusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hörschhausen'')</small> * [[Hortus Apium in Campo]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feilbingert'')</small> * [[Hortus Arborum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bongard'')</small> * [[Hortus Lineus (Eiflia)|Hortus Lineus]]<ref name="Schweitzer 2002">Schweitzer, P. P. (2002). ''Altdeutscher Wortschatz: Ein erklärendes Wörterbuch der mittelhochdeutschen Sprache''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hargarten'')</small> * [[Hortus Lintearius (Palatinatus)|Hortus Lintearius]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hallgarten'')</small> * [[Horweilerum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horrweiler'')</small> * [[Hostenum]]<ref name="Schannat II 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hosten'')</small> * [[Hottenbacum]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hottenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hoddebach'')</small> * [[Hovela]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hövels'')</small> * [[Hublingia]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüblingen'')</small> * [[Huchelheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heuchelheim bei Frankenthal'')</small> * [[Huchilinheimum-Clinga]]<ref>Ortsgemeinde Heuchelheim-Klingen. (s. f.). ''Geschichte der Gemeinde''; et: Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). About: ''Klingen''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Heuchelheim-Klingen'')</small> * [[Huebingia]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hübingen'')</small> * [[Huetterscheidum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hütterscheid'')</small> * [[Huffelshemium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüffelsheim'')</small> * [[Hummelum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hümmel'')</small> * [[Hummerichum]] <small>(Theodisce ''H<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/>ümmerich'')</small> * [[Huncenrothum-Polrothum]]<ref>ORTSGEMEINDE HINZERT-PÖLERT. (s. f.). ''Geschichte der Gemeinde''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinzert-Pölert'')</small> * [[Hundsangia]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hundsangen'')</small> * [[Hundsbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hundsbach'')</small> * [[Hundsdorfium (Occidentalis Silva)|Hundsdorfium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hundsdorf'')</small> * [[Hunfridesvillare]]<ref name="Dolch & Greule 1991"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hefersweiler'')</small> * [[Hungenrothum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hungenroth''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hunscherd'')</small> * [[Huninga (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Huninga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hönningen'')</small> * [[Hunzella]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hunzel'')</small> * [[Hupperathum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hupperath''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Hauperth'')</small> * [[Hutschenhusa]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hütschenhausen'')</small> * [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hütten'')</small> * [[Huttinga ad Kyllam]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüttingen an der Kyll'')</small> * [[Huttinga prope Laram]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüttingen bei Lahr'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iacobi Villare (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Iacobi Villare]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jakobsweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Joxwiller'')</small> * [[Ibiscus (prope Saravicastrum)|Ibiscus]]<ref name="Müller 1915">Müller, M. (1915). ''Die Ortsnamen im Regierungsbezirk Trier''. F. Lintz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Irsch'')</small> * [[Icorigium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jünkerath'')</small> * [[Idenhemium]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Idenheim'')</small> * [[Ideshemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Idesheim'')</small> * [[Ieckenbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jeckenbach'')</small> * [[Iettenbacum (Palatinatus)|Iettenbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jettenbach'')</small> * [[Ilbeshemium (Circulus Montis Iovis)|Ilbeshemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Montis Iovis|Circulo Montis Iovis]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Ilbesheim'')</small> * [[Ilbeshemium prope Landavium]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ilbesheim bei Landau in der Pfalz'')</small> * [[Illericum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Illerich'')</small> * [[Immeradium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Immerath'')</small> * [[Immertum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Immert'')</small> * [[Immeshemium]]<ref name="Widder 1786">Widder, J. G. (1786). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Immesheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Immesem'')</small> * [[Imiciswilare]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Imsweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Imschwiller'')</small> * [[Impflingia]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Impflingen'')</small> * [[Imsbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Imsbach'')</small> * [[Indago ad Montem]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berzhahn'')</small> * [[Indago Apri]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ebernhahn'')</small> * [[Indago Frisonum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friesenhagen'')</small> * [[Indago Gebhardi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gebhardshain'')</small> * [[Indago Hildonius-Mons Scillonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hellenhahn-Schellenberg'')</small> * [[Indagovilla (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Indagovilla]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis|Circulo terrae Birkenfeldensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae"/><ref name="Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis"/><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnweiler'')</small> * [[Indagovilla (Circulus terrae Moguntiacensis et Bingensis)|Indagovilla]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Moguntiacensis et Bingensis|Circulo terrae Moguntiacensi et Bingensi]]<ref name="CTMEB">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Moguntiacensis et Bingensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Mainz-Bingen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Moguntiacensis-e" et "Bingensis-e" ad [[Moguntiacum]] et [[Binga]]m referuntur. Quibus de toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnheim'')</small> * [[Ingelbacum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ingelbach'')</small> * [[Ingendorfium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ingendorf'')</small> * [[Inshemium]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Insheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Isem'')</small> * [[Insula (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Insula]]<ref name="Bär 1905"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Insul'')</small> * [[Iockgrimium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jockgrim'')</small> * [[Ippenscheda]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ippenschied'')</small> * [[Irmtrauda]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irmtraut'')</small> * [[Irrhusium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irrhausen'')</small> * [[Isenburgum (Occidentalis Silva)|Isenburgum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Isenburg'')</small> * [[Isertum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Isert'')</small> * [[Isselbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Isselbach'')</small> * [[Iuckenium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jucken'')</small> * [[Iugenhemium in Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Widder III 1787">Widder, J. G. (1787). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine'' (Vol 3). Francofurti et Lipsiae.</ref><ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jugenheim in Rheinhessen'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kannis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kenn'')</small> * [[Kedenhemium]]<ref name="Regionalgeschichte 2016">Regionalgeschichte.net (2016). ''Kettenheim: Geschichte der Ortsgemeinde''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kettenheim'')</small> * [[Kelbachium (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Kelbachium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kehlbach'')</small> * [[Keidelheimium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Keidelheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Käillem'')</small> * [[Kellenbachium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kellenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Källebach'')</small> * [[Kemmenavia]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kemmenau'')</small> * [[Keppeshusa]]<ref name="Wampach I 1930">Wampach, C. (1930). ''Geschichte der Grundherrschaft Echternach im Mittelalter'' (Vol. 1). [[Luxemburgum (urbs)|Luxemburgi]]: Kaiser.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Keppeshausen'')</small> * [[Kerisbachium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirsbach'')</small> * [[Kerschenbachium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier 2025">Bistumsarchiv Trier (2025). ''Inventar der katholischen Kirchenbücher des Bistums Trier''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]]: Bistumsarchiv.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerschenbach'')</small> * [[Kerzenhemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerzenheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Kerzrum'')</small> * [[Kescheidium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kescheid'')</small> * [[Kettigium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kettig'')</small> * [[Kickeshusa]]<ref name="Wampach 1930">Wampach, C. (1930). ''Geschichte der Grundherrschaft Echternach im Mittelalter: Quellenband'' (Vol. 1). [[Luxemburgum (urbs)|Luxemburgi]]: Kaiser.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kickeshausen'')</small> * [[Kinhemium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kinheim'')</small> * [[Kinzenburgum]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kinzenburg'')</small> * [[Kirica (Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis)|Kirica]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis|Circulo terrae Magniacensi et Confluentensi]]<ref name="CTMEC"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kehrig'')</small> * [[Kirvillerium (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Kirvillerium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirrweiler'')</small> * [[Kirvillerium (Palatinatus)|Kirvillerium]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirrweiler'')</small> * [[Kirvana]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerben'')</small> * [[Kleinmaischeid]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Kleinniedesheim]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Kleinsteinhausen]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Klein-Winternheim]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Kliding]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Klingelbach]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Klingenmünster]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Klosterkumbd]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Klotten]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Kludenbach]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Klüsserath]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Knittelsheim]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Knopp-Labach]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Knöringen]] <small>(Theodisce '''')</small> * [[Kobern-Gondorf]] * [[Kölbingen]] * [[Kollig]] * [[Kollweiler]] * [[Kolverath]] * [[Kommen]] * [[Köngernheim]] * [[Königsau]] * [[Königsfeld (Eiflia)|Königsfeld]] * [[Konken]] * [[Kopp (Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae)|Kopp]] * [[Körborn]] * [[Kordel (Eiflia)|Kordel]] * [[Kördorf]] * [[Korlingen]] * [[Körperich]] * [[Korweiler]] * [[Kottenborn]] * [[Kottenheim]] * [[Kötterichen]] * [[Kottweiler-Schwanden]] * [[Köwerich]] * [[Koxhausen]] * [[Kraam]] * [[Kradenbach]] * [[Krähenberg]] * [[Kratzenburg]] * [[Krautscheid]] * [[Kreimbach-Kaulbach]] * [[Kretz]] * [[Krickenbach]] * [[Kriegsfeld]] * [[Kronweiler]] * [[Kroppach]] * [[Kröppen]] * [[Krottelbach]] * [[Kröv]] * [[Kruchten]] * [[Kruft]] * [[Krümmel (Occidentalis Silva)|Krümmel]] * [[Krummenau (Tergum Caninum)|Krummenau]] * [[Krunkel]] * [[Kuhardt]] * [[Kuhnhöfen]] * [[Külz (Tergum Caninum)]] * [[Kümbdchen]] * [[Kundert]] * [[Kurtscheid]] * [[Kyllburgweiler]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Lahr (Tergum Caninum)|Lahr]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Lambertsberg]] * [[Lambsborn]] * [[Lambsheim]] * [[Lampaden]] * [[Landkern]] * [[Landscheid]] * [[Langenbach bei Kirburg]] * [[Langenbach (Pfalz)|Langenbach]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Langenfeld (Eiflia)|Langenfeld]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Langenhahn]] * [[Langenlonsheim]] * [[Langenscheid]] * [[Langenthal (Tergum Caninum)|Langenthal]] * [[Langscheid (bei Mayen)|Langscheid]] * [[Langsur]] * [[Langweiler (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Langweiler]] <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> * [[Langweiler (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Langweiler]] <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> * [[Langwieden]] * [[Lara (Eiflia)|Lara]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Lascheid (Eiflia)|Lascheid]] * [[Lasel]] * [[Latitudo (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Latitudo]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breit'')</small> * [[Laubach (Eiflia)|Laubach]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Laubach (Tergum Caninum)|Laubach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Laubenheim]] * [[Laudert]] * [[Laufeld]] * [[Laufersweiler]] * [[Laumersheim]] * [[Lauperath]] * [[Laurenburg]] * [[Lauschied]] * [[Lautersheim]] * [[Lautert]] * [[Lautzenbrücken]] * [[Lautzenhausen]] * [[Lehmen]] * [[Leidenborn]] * [[Leienkaul]] * [[Leimbach (bei Adenau)|Leimbach]] <small>(bei Adenau)</small> * [[Leimbach (bei Neuerburg)|Leimbach]] <small>(bei Neuerburg)</small> * [[Leimen (Pfalz)|Leimen]] * [[Leimersheim]] * [[Leiningen (Tergum Caninum)|Leiningen]] * [[Leinsweiler]] * [[Leisel]] * [[Leitzweiler]] * [[Leiwen]] * [[Lemberg (Pfalz)|Lemberg]] * [[Lettweiler]] * [[Leubsdorf (am Rhein)|Leubsdorf]] * [[Leuterod]] * [[Leutesdorf]] * [[Lichtenborn]] * [[Liebenscheid]] * [[Liebshausen]] * [[Lieg]] * [[Lierfeld]] * [[Lierschied]] * [[Liesenich]] * [[Lieser (Gemeinde)|Lieser]] * [[Ließem (Eiflia)|Ließem]] * [[Limbach (bei Kirn)|Limbach]] <small>(bei Kirn)</small> * [[Limbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Limbach]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Lind (prope Aram)|Lind]] <small>(prope [[Ara (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Aram]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> * [[Lind (bei Mayen)|Lind]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Linden (Pfalz)|Linden]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Linden (Occidentalis Silva)|Linden]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Lindenberg (Pfalz)|Lindenberg]] * [[Lindenschied]] * [[Lingenfeld]] * [[Lingerhahn]] * [[Linkenbach]] * [[Lipporn]] * [[Lirstal]] * [[Lissendorf]] * [[Lochum]] * [[Locus Paludis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Börrstadt''; [[Palatanice]] ''Berrschdadd'')</small> * [[Löf]] * [[Lohnsfeld]] * [[Lohnweiler]] * [[Lohrheim]] * [[Löllbach]] * [[Lollschied]] * [[Longen]] * [[Longkamp]] * [[Longocampus Minor]]<ref name="Marx II 1843">Marx, J. (1843). ''Geschichte der Pfarreien der Diöcese Trier''. (Vol. 2). Paulinus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinlangenfeld'')</small> * [[Longuich]] * [[Longus Campus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Longus Campus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großlangenfeld'')</small> * [[Lonnig]] * [[Lonsheim]] * [[Lorscheid]] * [[Lörzweiler]] * [[Lösnich]] * [[Lötzbeuren]] * [[Luckenbach]] * [[Lückenburg]] * [[Ludwigshöhe]] * [[Ludwigswinkel]] * [[Lug (Pfalz)|Lug]] * [[Lünebach]] * [[Lustadt]] * [[Lütz]] * [[Lutzerath]] * [[Lützkampen]] * [[Luxem]] * [[Lykershausen]] {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Macken]] * [[Mackenbach]] * [[Mackenrodt]] * [[Magnum Carlobachium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großkarlbach'')</small> * [[Magnum Fischlingium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großfischlingen'')</small> * [[Magnum Liticium]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großlittgen''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Gruhssleehtchen'')</small> * [[Magnum Steinhusium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großsteinhausen'')</small> * [[Mähren (Occidentalis Silva)|Mähren]] * [[Maikammer]] * [[Maisborn]] * [[Maischeidium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großmaischeid''; dialectaliter: ''Grußmäschd'' seu ''Mäschd'' seu ''Maischeid'')</small> * [[Maitzborn]] * [[Malberg (Eiflia)|Malberg]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Malberg (Occidentalis Silva)|Malberg]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Malbergweich]] * [[Malborn]] * [[Malus Silvestris (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Malus Silvestris]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzappel'')</small> * [[Mammelzen]] * [[Mandel (Gemeinde)|Mandel]] * [[Mandern]] * [[Manderscheid (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Manderscheid]] <small>(in [[Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis|Circulo Eiflensi Bedensi et Prumiensi]]<ref name="CEBEP"/>)</small> * [[Mannebach (bei Saarburg)|Mannebach]] <small>(bei Saarburg)</small> * [[Mannebach (Eiflia)|Mannebach]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Mannweiler-Cölln]] * [[Manubach]] * [[Marienfels]] * [[Marienhausen]] * [[Marienrachdorf]] * [[Maring-Noviand]] * [[Marnheim]] * [[Maroth]] * [[Martinshöhe]] * [[Martinstein]] * [[Marzhausen (Westerwaldkreis)|Marzhausen]] * [[Masburg]] * [[Maßweiler]] * [[Mastershausen]] * [[Masthorn]] * [[Matzenbach]] * [[Matzerath]] * [[Mauchenheim]] * [[Mauden]] * [[Mauel]] * [[Mauschbach]] * [[Maxdorf]] * [[Maxsain]] * [[Mayschoß]] * [[Meckel]] * [[Meckenbach (prope Bircofeldam)|Meckenbach]] <small>(prope [[Birconfelda (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bircofeldam]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> * [[Meckenbach (bei Kirn)|Meckenbach]] <small>(bei Kirn)</small> * [[Meckenheim (Pfalz)|Meckenheim]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Medard (Glan)|Medard]] * [[Meddersheim]] * [[Meerfeld]] * [[Mehlbach]] * [[Mehlingen]] * [[Mehren (Eiflia)|Mehren]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Mehren (Occidentalis Silva)|Mehren]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Mehring (Mosel)|Mehring]] * [[Meinborn]] * [[Meisburg]] * [[Melsbach]] * [[Mengerschied]] * [[Menningen (an der Prüm)|Menningen]] * [[Merkelbach]] * [[Merlscheid (bei Pronsfeld)|Merlscheid]] * [[Mermuth]] * [[Merschbach]] * [[Mertesdorf]] * [[Mertesheim]] * [[Mertloch]] * [[Merxheim (Nahe)|Merxheim]] * [[Merzalben]] * [[Merzkirchen]] * [[Merzweiler]] * [[Mesenich]] * [[Messerich]] * [[Mettendorf (Eiflia)|Mettendorf]] * [[Mettenheim (Hassia Rhenana)|Mettenheim]] * [[Metterich]] * [[Mettweiler]] * [[Metzenhausen]] * [[Meudt]] * [[Meuspath]] * [[Michelbach (Tergum Caninum)|Michelbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Michelbach (Occidentalis Silva)]] * [[Miehlen]] * [[Miellen]] * [[Minden (Sauer)|Minden]] * [[Minderlittgen]] * [[Minfeld]] * [[Minheim]] * [[Misselberg]] * [[Mittelbrunn]] * [[Mittelfischbach]] * [[Mittelhof]] * [[Mittelreidenbach]] * [[Mittelstrimmig]] * [[Mogendorf]] * [[Mola Autumnalis]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herbstmühle'')</small> * [[Molsberg]] * [[Mölsheim]] * [[Molzhain]] * [[Mommenheim (Hassia Rhenana)|Mommenheim]] * [[Monachorum Villa ad Glanam]]<ref name="Weber 2012">Weber, H. (2012). ''Glan-Münchweiler''. Regionalgeschichte.net.</ref><ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Glan-Münchweiler'')</small> * [[Monreal]] * [[Mons (Palatinatus)|Mons]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Berg'')</small> * [[Mons (Taunus)|Mons]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Taunus mons|Tauno]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Berg'')</small> * [[Mons (prope Arvilare)|Mons]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(prope [[Arvilare]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Berg'')</small> * [[Mons Alachonis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Alachonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Altissimus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Altissimus]]<ref>''Ortsgemeinde Höchstberg'' (s. f.)</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Höchstberg'')</small> * [[Mons Altus (Occidentalis Silva)|Mons Altus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Homberg'')</small> * [[Mons Aureus (prope Bircofeldam)|Mons Aureus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gollenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Basii]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Basberg'')</small> * [[Mons Battonis (Palatinatus)|Mons Battonis]] <small>(Theodisce ''Battenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Bilonis]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999">Gensicke, H. (1999). Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes (3 ed.). [[Aquae Mattiacae|Aquis Mattiacis]]: Veröffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission für Nassau.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bölsberg''; dialectaliter ''Bilsbisch'' seu ''Bölsberisch'')</small> * [[Mons Bonus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Bonus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gutenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Busonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Busenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Coronae (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Mons Coronae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Cronenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Crampii]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Cramberg'')</small> * [[Mons Dasonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dasburg'')</small> * [[Mons Didonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deimberg'')</small> * [[Mons Epponis (Eiflia)|Mons Epponis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Ethnicorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heidenburg'')</small> * [[Mons Excelsus (ad Lanum)|Mons Excelsus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(ad Lanum<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hömberg'')</small> * [[Mons Excelsus (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Mons Excelsus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Homberg'')</small> * [[Mons Ezzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etschberg'')</small> * [[Mons Fockilonis]]<ref name="Dolch & Greule 1991">Dolch, M., & Greule, A. (1991). ''Historisches Siedlungsnamenbuch der Pfalz''. [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]], in Germania: Verlag der Pfälzischen Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Föckelberg'')</small> * [[Mons Fuscus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Fuscus]]<ref name="Karp-Schreiber 1664">Karp-Schreiber, W. (1664). ''Chronica Braunebergensis: De vineis et uvis in Iuffer sitis''. Monte Fusco: Officina Domestica.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brauneberg'')</small> * [[Mons Gallonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Galenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Gelenis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gelenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Gisilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geiselberg'')</small> * [[Mons Heldonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heltersberg'')</small> * [[Mons Henrici (prope Kyrinam)|Mons Henrici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heinzenberg''; [[Hunnice]] ''Häänzebersch'')</small> * [[Mons Hirci (Eiflia)|Mons Hirci]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Boxberg'')</small> * [[Mons Idel]]<ref name="Bär 1905">Bär, M. (1905). ''Die Behördenverfassung der Rheinprovinz seit 1815''. Hanstein.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Idelberg'')</small> * [[Mons Lucidus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Lucidus]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berglicht'')</small> * [[Mons Ruborum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Ruborum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bremberg'')</small> * [[Mons Sanctorum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Sanctorum]] <small>(Theodisce ''Heilberscheid'')</small> * [[Mons Ululorum (Occidentalis Silva)|Mons Ululorum]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eulenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Vallis (prope Cruciniacum)|Mons Vallis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dalberg'')</small> * [[Mons Vitulorum]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794">Schannat, J. F. (1794). ''Eiflia Illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel''. [[Aquisgranum|Aquisgrani]]: Jacob Anton Mayer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kelberg'')</small> * [[Monsheim]] * [[Möntenich]] * [[Montes (prope Kyrinam)|Montes]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bergen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Berje'')</small> * [[Monzelfeld]] * [[Monzernheim]] * [[Monzingen]] * [[Moritzheim]] * [[Mörlen]] * [[Mörsbach]] * [[Mörschbach]] * [[Morscheid]] * [[Morschheim]] * [[Mörschied]] * [[Mörsdorf (Tergum Caninum)|Mörsdorf]] * [[Mörsfeld]] * [[Morshausen]] * [[Mörstadt]] * [[Mosbruch]] * [[Moschheim]] * [[Moselkern]] * [[Mückeln]] * [[Müden (Mosel)]] * [[Mudenbach]] * [[Mudersbach]] * [[Mudershausen]] * [[Mühlpfad]] * [[Mülbach]] * [[Mülheim an der Mosel]] * [[Müllenbach (bei Adenau)|Müllenbach]] <small>(bei Adenau)</small> * [[Müllenbach (bei Mayen)|Müllenbach]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Münchwald]] * [[Münchweiler am Klingbach]] * [[Münchweiler an der Alsenz]] * [[Münchweiler an der Rodalb]] * [[Mündersbach]] * [[Münk]] * [[Münsterappel]] * [[Münster-Sarmsheim]] * [[Mürlenbach]] * [[Müsch]] * [[Müschenbach]] * [[Musweiler]] * [[Mutterschied]] * [[Mützenich (bei Prüm)|Mützenich]] * [[Muxerath]] {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nachtsheim]] * [[Nack]] * [[Nackenheim]] * [[Nannhausen]] * [[Nanzdietschweiler]] * [[Nasingen]] * [[Nattenheim]] * [[Naunheim]] * [[Nauort]] * [[Nauroth]] * [[Naurath (Eiflia)]] * [[Naurath (Wald)]] * [[Neef]] * [[Nehren (Mosel)|Nehren]] * [[Neichen]] * [[Neidenbach]] * [[Neidenfels]] * [[Neitersen]] * [[Nentershausen (Occidentalis Silva)|Nentershausen]] * [[Nerdlen]] * [[Neroth]] * [[Nerzweiler]] * [[Netzbach]] * [[Neu-Bamberg]] * [[Neuburg am Rhein]] * [[Neuendorf (Eiflia)|Neuendorf]] * [[Neuerkirch]] * [[Neuhäusel]] * [[Neuheilenbach]] * [[Neuhemsbach]] * [[Neuhofen (Pfalz)|Neuhofen]] * [[Neuhütten (Silva Alta)|Neuhütten]] * [[Neuleiningen]] * [[Neumagen-Dhron]] * [[Neunkhausen]] * [[Neunkirchen am Potzberg]] * [[Neunkirchen (Tergum Caninum)|Neunkirchen]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Neunkirchen (Occidentalis Silva)|Neunkirchen]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Neupotz]] * [[Neustadt/Westerwald]] * [[Neustadt (Wied)]] * [[Newel]] * [[Ney (Tergum Caninum)|Ney]] * [[Nickenich]] * [[Nidineshemium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großniedesheim'')</small> * [[Niederahr]] * [[Niederalben]] * [[Niederbachheim]] * [[Niederbreitbach]] * [[Niederbrombach]] * [[Niederburg]] * [[Niederdreisbach]] * [[Niederdürenbach]] * [[Niederelbert]] * [[Niedererbach]] * [[Niederfell]] * [[Niederfischbach]] * [[Niederhambach]] * [[Niederhausen (Nahe)|Niederhausen]] <small>(Nahe)</small> * [[Niederhausen an der Appel]] * [[Niederheimbach]] * [[Nieder-Hilbersheim]] * [[Niederhofen]] * [[Niederhorbach]] * [[Niederhosenbach]] * [[Niederirsen]] * [[Niederkirchen (Westpfalz)|Niederkirchen]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu Occidentalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Niederkirchen bei Deidesheim]] * [[Nieder Kostenz]] * [[Niederkumbd]] * [[Niederlauch]] * [[Niedermohr]] * [[Niedermoschel]] * [[Niederneisen]] * [[Niederöfflingen]] * [[Niederotterbach]] * [[Niederpierscheid]] * [[Niederraden]] * [[Niederroßbach]] * [[Niedersayn]] * [[Niederscheidweiler]] * [[Niederschlettenbach]] * [[Niedersohren]] * [[Niederstadtfeld]] * [[Niederstaufenbach]] * [[Niederstedem]] * [[Niedersteinebach]] * [[Niedert]] * [[Niedertiefenbach]] * [[Niederwallmenach]] * [[Niederwambach]] * [[Niederweiler (Eiflia)|Niederweiler]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Niederweiler (Tergum Caninum)|Niederweiler]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Niederweis]] * [[Niederwerth]] * [[Nieder-Wiesen]] * [[Niederwörresbach]] * [[Niederzissen]] * [[Niehl]] * [[Niersbach]] * [[Nievern]] * [[Nimshuscheid]] * [[Nimsreuland]] * [[Nister (Gemeinde)|Nister]] * [[Nisterau]] * [[Nisterberg]] * [[Nister-Möhrendorf]] * [[Nistertal]] * [[Nittel]] * [[Nitz]] * [[Nochern]] * [[Nohen]] * [[Nohn]] * [[Nomborn]] * [[Norath]] * [[Nordhofen]] * [[Norheim]] * [[Norken]] * [[Nörtershausen]] * [[Nothweiler]] * [[Novale Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berkoth'')</small> * [[Novale Beronis ad Vallemerodam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berod bei Wallmerod'')</small> * [[Novale Beronis prope Hachenburgum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berod bei Hachenburg'')</small> * [[Novale Bonii]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Borod'')</small> * [[Novale Bononis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bonerath''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Bönert'')</small> * [[Novale Candidum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Blankenrath''; [[Hunnice]] ''Blanggad'')</small> * [[Novale Cerasorum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirschroth'')</small> * [[Novale Daconis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Datzeroth'')</small> * [[Novale Danckradi]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dankerath'')</small> * [[Novale Diemundi]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Demerath'')</small> * [[Novale Epponis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppenrod'')</small> * [[Novale Gebhardi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gebroth'')</small> * [[Novale Geilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gehlert'')</small> * [[Novale Guntharii]]<ref name="Böhmer 1908">Böhmer, J. F. (1908). ''Regesta Imperii I. Die Regesten des Kaiserreichs unter den Karolingern 751-918'' (E. Mühlbacher & J. Lechner, Eds.). Wagner'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gundersweiler'')</small> * [[Novale Hanonis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hanroth'')</small> * [[Novale Helmerici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Helmeroth'')</small> * [[Novale Sanctorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heiligenroth'')</small> * [[Novale Silvae (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Novale Silvae]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hardert'')</small> * [[Nünschweiler]] * [[Nürburg (Gemeinde)|Nürburg]] * [[Nusbaum]] * [[Nußbach (Pfalz)|Nußbach]] * [[Nußbaum]] {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberahr]] * [[Oberalben]] * [[Oberarnbach]] * [[Oberbachheim]] * [[Oberbettingen]] * [[Oberbillig]] * [[Oberbrombach]] * [[Oberdiebach]] * [[Oberdreis]] * [[Oberdürenbach]] * [[Oberehe-Stroheich]] * [[Oberelbert]] * [[Oberelz]] * [[Obererbach (bei Montabaur)|Obererbach]] <small>(bei Montabaur)</small> * [[Obererbach (Occidentalis Silva)]] * [[Oberfell]] * [[Oberfischbach]] * [[Ober-Flörsheim]] * [[Obergeckler]] * [[Oberhaid (Occidentalis Silva)|Oberhaid]] * [[Oberhambach]] * [[Oberhausen (bei Bad Bergzabern)|Oberhausen]] <small>(bei Bad Bergzabern)</small> * [[Oberhausen an der Appel]] * [[Oberhausen an der Nahe]] * [[Oberhausen bei Kirn]] * [[Oberheimbach]] * [[Ober-Hilbersheim]] * [[Oberhonnefeld-Gierend]] * [[Oberhosenbach]] * [[Oberirsen]] * [[Oberkail]] * [[Oberkirn]] * [[Ober Kostenz]] * [[Oberlahr]] * [[Oberlascheid]] * [[Oberlauch]] * [[Oberndorf (Pfalz)|Oberndorf]] * [[Oberneisen]] * [[Obernheim-Kirchenarnbach]] * [[Obernhof]] * [[Oberöfflingen]] * [[Ober-Olm]] * [[Oberotterbach]] * [[Oberpierscheid]] * [[Oberraden]] * [[Oberreidenbach]] * [[Oberrod]] * [[Oberroßbach]] * [[Oberscheidweiler]] * [[Oberschlettenbach]] * [[Obersimten]] * [[Oberstadtfeld]] * [[Oberstaufenbach]] * [[Oberstedem]] * [[Obersteinebach]] * [[Oberstreit]] * [[Obersülzen]] * [[Obertiefenbach (Taunus)|Obertiefenbach]] * [[Oberwallmenach]] * [[Oberwambach]] * [[Oberweiler (Eiflia)|Oberweiler]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Oberweiler im Tal]] * [[Oberweiler-Tiefenbach]] * [[Oberweis]] * [[Oberwies]] * [[Oberwiesen]] * [[Oberwörresbach]] * [[Oberzissen]] * [[Obrigheim (Pfalz)]] * [[Ochtendung]] * [[Ockenfels]] * [[Ockenheim]] * [[Ockfen]] * [[Odenbach]] * [[Odernheim am Glan]] * [[Oelsberg]] * [[Offenbach an der Queich]] * [[Offenbach-Hundheim]] * [[Offenheim]] * [[Offstein]] * [[Ogilonis Novale]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckenroth'')</small> * [[Ohlenhard]] * [[Ohlweiler]] * [[Ohmbach]] * [[Ollmuth]] * [[Olmscheid]] * [[Olsbrücken]] * [[Olsdorf (Eiflia)|Olsdorf]] * [[Ölsen]] * [[Olzheim]] * [[Onsdorf]] * [[Oppertshausen]] * [[Orbis]] * [[Orenhofen]] * [[Orfgen]] * [[Orlenbach]] * [[Ormont]] * [[Orsfeld]] * [[Osann-Monzel]] * [[Osburg]] * [[Ossinga (Palatinatus)|Ossinga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Essingen'')</small> * [[Osterspai]] * [[Othinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etgert'')</small> * [[Otterbach (Westpfalz)|Otterbach]] * [[Ottersheim]] * [[Ottersheim bei Landau]] * [[Otterstadt]] * [[Ötzingen]] * [[Otzweiler]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Palus (Circulus terrae Cochemiensis et Cellensis)|Palus]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887">Forcellini, Aeg. (1864-1887). ''Totius latinitatis lexicon''. Prati: Typis Aldinianis. </ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Cochemiensis et Cellensis|Circulo terrae Cochemiensi et Cellensi]]<ref name="CTCEC">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Cochemiensis et Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Cochem-Zell'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latinis toponymis "[[Cochemium]]" et "Cella" -ad quae gentilicia "Cochemiensis-e" et "Cellensis-e" respective referuntur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Filz'')</small> * [[Palus (Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci)|Palus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935">Wampach, C. (1935). ''Urkunden- und Quellenbuch zur Geschichte der altluxemburgischen Territorien bis zur burgundischen Zeit''. St. Paulus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci|Circulo terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci]]<ref name="CTTMCEV"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruch'')</small> * [[Palus Montis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Palus Montis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hallschlag'')</small> * [[Palzem]] * [[Pantenburg]] * [[Panzweiler]] * [[Partenheim]] * [[Paschel]] * [[Pascua Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenhördt'')</small> * [[Patersberg]] * [[Peffingen]] * [[Pellingen]] * [[Pelm]] * [[Pendens Wizivilla]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hangen-Weisheim'')</small> * [[Perscheid]] * [[Petersberg (Pfalz)|Petersberg]] * [[Peterslahr]] * [[Peterswald-Löffelscheid]] * [[Petra Darstonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Darstein'')</small> * [[Petra Franconum (Palatinatus)|Petra Franconum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankenstein'')</small> * [[Pfaffen-Schwabenheim]] * [[Pfalzfeld]] * [[Pfeffelbach]] * [[Philippsheim]] * [[Pickließem]] * [[Piesport]] * [[Pillig]] * [[Pintesfeld]] * [[Pinus et Tilia]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fohren-Linden'')</small> * [[Piscis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Piscis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fisch'')</small> * [[Pittenbach]] * [[Plaidt]] * [[Planities (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Planities]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flacht'')</small> * [[Plascheid]] * [[Platten (bei Wittlich)|Platten]] * [[Pleckhausen]] * [[Plein]] * [[Pleisweiler-Oberhofen]] * [[Pleitersheim]] * [[Pleizenhausen]] * [[Plütscheid]] * [[Pluwig]] * [[Pohl (Nassau)|Pohl]] * [[Pölich]] * [[Pommern (Mosel)|Pommern]] * [[Pomster]] * [[Pons (Palatinatus)|Pons]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brücken'')</small> * [[Pons (prope Birconfeldam)|Pons]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(prope [[Birconfelda (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bircofeldam]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brücken'')</small> * [[Pons Alaphotis]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ahrbrück'')</small> * [[Pons Epternacensis]]<ref name="Camillus 1889">Camillus, W. (1889). ''Annales Epternacenses. In Monumenta Germaniae Historica'' (SS 13). [[Hannovera]]e: Impensis Bibliopolii Hahniani.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Echternacherbrück'')</small> * [[Pons Glanae]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Glanbrücken'')</small> * [[Porta (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Porta]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dohr'')</small> * [[Portus Chattorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hatzenport'')</small> * [[Pottum]] * [[Pracht]] * [[Prath]] * [[Pratum Amplum (Occidentalis Silva)|Pratum Amplum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenau'')</small> * [[Pratum Fagineum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bockenau'')</small> * [[Pratum Geilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geilnau'')</small> * [[Pratum Hanonis (Tergum Caninum)|Pratum Hanonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Henau''; [[Hunnice]] ''Häne'')</small> * [[Preischeid]] * [[Preist]] * [[Pronsfeld]] * [[Prümzurlay]] * [[Puderbach]] * [[Pünderich]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Queidersbach]] * [[Quercetum (Occidentalis Silva)|Quercetum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eichen'')</small> * [[Quercirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eichenbach'')</small> * [[Quiddelbach]] * [[Quirnbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Quirnbach]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Quirnbach/Pfalz]] * [[Quirnheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Racksen]] * [[Ralingen]] * [[Ramberg (Pfalz)|Ramberg]] * [[Rammelsbach]] * [[Ramsen (Pfalz)|Ramsen]] * [[Ranschbach]] * [[Ransweiler]] * [[Rascheid]] * [[Rathskirchen]] * [[Rathsweiler]] * [[Ratzert]] * [[Raubach]] * [[Raumbach]] * [[Ravengiersburg]] * [[Raversbeuren]] * [[Rayerschied]] * [[Rech]] * [[Reckenroth]] * [[Reckershausen]] * [[Recurvum (Eiflia)|Recurvum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hamm'')</small> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Rehbach (bei Sobernheim)|Rehbach]] * [[Rehborn]] * [[Rehe (Occidentalis Silva)|Rehe]] * [[Rehweiler]] * [[Reich (Tergum Caninum)|Reich]] * [[Reichenbach (bei Baumholder)|Reichenbach]] * [[Reichenbach-Steegen]] * [[Reichenberg (Rheinland-Pfalz)|Reichenberg]] * [[Reichsthal]] * [[Reichweiler]] * [[Reidenhausen]] * [[Reifenberg]] * [[Reiferscheid]] * [[Reiff]] * [[Reiffelbach]] * [[Reifferscheid]] * [[Reil]] * [[Reimerath]] * [[Reinsfeld]] * [[Reipeldingen]] * [[Reipoltskirchen]] * [[Reitzenhain (Taunus)|Reitzenhain]] * [[Relsberg]] * [[Rengsdorf]] * [[Retterath]] * [[Rettersen]] * [[Rettershain]] * [[Rettert]] * [[Reudelsterz]] * [[Reuth (Eiflia)|Reuth]] * [[Rhaunen]] * [[Rheinbreitbach]] * [[Rheinbrohl]] * [[Rheinzabern]] * [[Rhodt unter Rietburg]] * [[Riedelberg]] * [[Rieden (Eiflia)|Rieden]] * [[Riegenroth]] * [[Rieschweiler-Mühlbach]] * [[Riesweiler]] * [[Rimsberg]] * [[Rinnthal]] * [[Rinzenberg]] * [[Riol]] * [[Rittersdorf (Eiflia)|Rittersdorf]] * [[Rittersheim]] * [[Rivenich]] * [[Riveris]] * [[Rivuletus Viridis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Grumbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Becheri (Palatinatus)|Rivulus Becheri]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Becherbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Bedonis]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bedesbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Cadenensis]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023">Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz (2023). ''Bestand 1A: Urkunden der Deutschordenskommende Koblenz''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: LHA; et: Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz (2023). ''Bestand 1A: Urkunden und Akten der geistlichen und weltlichen Verwaltung des Kurfürstentums Trier''. Confluentibus: LHA; et: Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz. (2023). Bestand 1A: Kurtrier, Urkunden und Akten der geistlichen und weltlichen Verwaltung. Confluentibus: LHA; et: Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz. (2023). ''Bestand 1A: Urkunden und Akten der geistlichen und weltlichen Verwaltung des Westerwaldes''. Confluentibus: LHA Koblenz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kadenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Colli (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivulus Colli]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Halsenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Feronis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fiersbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Fluens]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flußbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Franconis]]<ref name="Dolch & Greule 1991"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankelbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Fraxineus (Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis)|Rivulus Fraxineus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Fringillarum et Villare Gerhardi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Finkenbach-Gersweiler'')</small> * [[Rivulus Gackonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gackenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Glareosus]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kisselbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Kieselbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Hagani]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Indaginis (prope Deciam)|Rivulus Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hambach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Liberorum]]<ref name="Nietzschmann 2013">Nietzschmann, E. (2013). ''Die Freien auf dem Lande: Ehemalige deutsche Reichsdörfer und ihre Wappen''. [[Guelpherbytum|Guelpherbyti]]: Melchior.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Freisbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium (prope Caesaream Lutram)|Rivulus Piscium]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(prope [[Caesarea Lutra|Caesaream Lutram]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Rivulus Piscium]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium et Novale Superius]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach-Oberraden'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium prope Danam]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach bei Dahn'')</small> * [[Rivulus Viridis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivulus Viridis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Grünebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Altissimus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höchstenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Amplus (Palatinatus)|Rivus Amplus]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Atzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etzbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Becheri prope Kyrinam]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Becherbach bei Kirn'')</small> * [[Rivus Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birlenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Bisonis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bosenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Bottonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bottenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Budonis (Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini)|Rivus Budonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini" -Theodisce ''Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-Kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latinis toponymis "[[Rhenus]]" et "[[Tergum Caninum]]", vide {{Graesse}}. De Latinā huius circuli versione, confer aliarum linguarum versiones ''Distrito de Rin-Hunsrück'' et ''Arrondissement de Rhin-Hunsrück'' et ''Distrito do Reno-Hunsrück'' et ''Circondario del Reno-Hunsrück'' et ''Zemský okres Rýn-Hunsrück'' et Рейн-Хунсрюк.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Budenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Burebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Budonis (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Rivus Budonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis|Circulo terrae Birkenfeldensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae"/><ref name="Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis">Nomen Latinum completum "Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis".</ref><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bundenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bundebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Caeruleus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Blaubach'')</small> * [[Rivus Calidus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivus Calidus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Callbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Columbae (Occidentalis Silva)|Rivus Columbae]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Daubach'')</small> * [[Rivus Columbae (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Columbae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Daubach'')</small> * [[Rivus Coryli (Occidentalis Silva)|Rivus Coryli]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hasselbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Coryli (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Coryli]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hasselbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Haaselbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dammarum (prope Bircofeldam)|Rivus Dammarum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dambach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dedonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dedenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (ad Tabernas Montanas)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> (ad [[Tabernae Montanae|Tabernas Montanas]]<ref name="Graesse"/>) <small>(Theodisce ''Dierbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (Circulus terrae Neowidensis)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Neowidensis|Circulo terrae Neowidensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Neowidensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Neuwied'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Neowidensis-e" Theodiscum toponymum ''Neuwied'' vertit. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de/Persoenlichkeiten/maximilian-alexander-philipp-prinz-zu-wied-neuwied-/DE-2086/lido/57c92ef68392a6.35258846 ], ubi dicitur "(...) Sein Ma­nu­skript „Fau­na Neo­wi­den­sis“, 1847 voll­endet, ist die ers­te Re­gio­nal­fau­na für den Mit­tel­rhein. Die Ver­öf­fent­li­chung ein­zel­ner Er­kennt­nis­se über­ließ er je­doch an­de­ren, vor al­lem dem Neu­wie­der Apo­the­ker Franz Pe­ter Brahts (...)". Quo de Latino toponymo, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z'']</ref></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (Occidentalis Silva)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (Palatinatus)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dictilonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dichtelbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Dieschdelbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Domus (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Rivus Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heimbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dusonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deuselbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Eridonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erdesbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Fundi]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bodenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Fuscus (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Fuscus]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Heisteri]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heistenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Henrici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heinzenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hänsebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Hirundinis]] <small>(Theodisce ''Burgschwalbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Lini]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913">Förstemann, E. (1913). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen und sonstige geographische Namen'' (Vol. 2, III ed.). P. Hanstein.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Harschbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Longus in Monte]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berglangenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Novalis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brachbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Oneris]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bürdenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Pirorum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birnbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Profundus (prope Vitelliacum)|Rivus Profundus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Diefenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Purgans (Eiflia)|Rivus Purgans]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Saepti Vivi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heckenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Sanitatis (Eiflia Australis)|Rivus Sanitatis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in Eiflia Australi<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Heilbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Sanitatis (Terra Bedensis)|Rivus Sanitatis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in Terra Bedensi<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Heilenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Siccus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivus Siccus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörrenbach''; [[Palatinice]] ''Derrebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Silvestris (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivus Silvestris]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hoolsbach'' seu ''Buubert'')</small> * [[Rivus Spissus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dickesbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Tumuli]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bollenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Ursorum (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Ursorum]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bärenbach'')</small> * [[Rockeskyll]] * [[Rodder]] * [[Rödelhausen]] * [[Rodenbach (Westpfalz)|Rodenbach]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu Occidentali]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Rodenbach bei Puderbach]] * [[Rödern (Tergum Caninum)|Rödern]] * [[Rodershausen]] * [[Rödersheim-Gronau]] * [[Roes]] * [[Röhl]] * [[Rohrbach (bei Baumholder)|Rohrbach]] <small>(bei Baumholder)</small> * [[Rohrbach (Tergum Caninum)|Rohrbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Rohrbach (Pfalz)|Rohrbach]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Römerberg (Pfalz)|Römerberg]] * [[Rommersheim]] * [[Rorodt]] * [[Roschbach]] * [[Roscheid]] * [[Rosenheim (Landkreis Altenkirchen)|Rosenheim]] * [[Rosenkopf]] * [[Roßbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Roßbach]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Roßbach (Wied)|Roßbach]] <small>(Wied)</small> * [[Rota Barwardi]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Barbelroth'')</small> * [[Rotenhain]] * [[Roth (Landkreis Altenkirchen)|Roth]] <small>(Landkreis Altenkirchen)</small> * [[Roth (bei Stromberg)|Roth]] <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis|Circulo terrae Cruciniacensi]]<ref name="CTCru"/>)</small> * [[Roth (Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis)|Roth]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC"/>)</small> * [[Roth (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Roth]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> * [[Roth an der Our]] * [[Roth bei Prüm]] * [[Rothenbach]] * [[Rothselberg]] * [[Rötsweiler-Nockenthal]] * [[Rott (Occidentalis Silva)|Rott]] * [[Roxheim]] * [[Rüber]] * [[Rückeroth]] * [[Rückweiler]] * [[Rüdesheim (Nahe)|Rüdesheim]] * [[Rülzheim]] * [[Rumbach]] * [[Rümmelsheim]] * [[Rupes Abietum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dannenfels'')</small> * [[Ruppach-Goldhausen]] * [[Ruppertsecken]] * [[Ruppertsberg]] * [[Ruppertshofen (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Ruppertshofen]] * [[Ruppertsweiler]] * [[Ruschberg]] * [[Rüscheid]] * [[Rüssingen]] * [[Ruthweiler]] * [[Rutsweiler am Glan]] * [[Rutsweiler an der Lauter]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Saalstadt]] * [[Saeptum Vivum (Tergum Caninum)|Saeptum Vivum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hecken'')</small> * [[Saffig]] * [[Salm (Eiflia)|Salm]] * [[Salmtal]] * [[Saltus Cameralis]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999">Gensicke, H. (1999). ''Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes'' (Veröffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission für Nassau, 27). [[Aquae Mattiacae|Aquis Mattiacis]]: Historische Kommission für Nassau.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kammerforst'')</small> * [[Saltus Herii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herforst'')</small> * [[Salz (Occidentalis Silva)|Salz]] * [[Salzburg (Occidentalis Silva)|Salzburg]] * [[Sambucetum (Occidentalis Silva)|Sambucetum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holler'')</small> * [[Sankt Alban (Pfalz)|Sankt Alban]] * [[Sankt Aldegund]] * [[Sankt Johann (bei Mayen)|Sankt Johann]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Sankt Johann (Hassia Rhenana)|Sankt Johann]] <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> * [[Sankt Julian]] * [[Sankt Katharinen (prope Cruciniacum)|Sankt Katharinen]] <small>(prope [[Cruciniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Sankt Katharinen (Landkreis Neuwied)]] * [[Sankt Martin (Pfalz)|Sankt Martin]] * [[Sankt Sebastian (am Rhein)|Sankt Sebastian]] * [[Sankt Thomas (Eiflia)|Sankt Thomas]] * [[Sargenroth]] * [[Sarmersbach]] * [[Sassen (Eiflia)|Sassen]] * [[Sauerthal]] * [[Saulheim]] * [[Saxler]] * [[Saxum Balduini]]<ref name="Böhmer 1839">Böhmer, J. F. (1839). ''Regesta chronologico-diplomatica metropolitae Moguntinae: inde a primo archiepiscopo usque ad seculi decimi sexti finem''. F. Varrentrapp.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Balduinstein'')</small> * [[Saxum Hattonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hattgenstein''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hadsche'')</small> * [[Saxum Mallei (ad Rhenum)|Saxum Mallei]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hammerstein'')</small> * [[Saxum Scissum (Palatinatus)|Saxum Scissum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hauenstein''; [[Palatinice]] ''Hääschde'')</small> * [[Saxum Ulmeum]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elmstein'')</small> * [[Schalkenbach]] * [[Schalkenmehren]] * [[Schallodenbach]] * [[Schankweiler]] * [[Scharfbillig]] * [[Schauerberg]] * [[Schauren (bei Blankenrath)|Schauren]] <small>(bei Blankenrath)</small> * [[Schauren (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Schauren]] <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> * [[Scheibenhardt]] * [[Scheid (Eiflia)|Scheid]] * [[Scheidt (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Scheidt]] * [[Scheitenkorb]] * [[Schellweiler]] * [[Schenkelberg]] * [[Scheuerfeld]] * [[Scheuern]] * [[Schiersfeld]] * [[Schiesheim]] * [[Schillingen]] * [[Schindhard]] * [[Schladt]] * [[Schleich]] * [[Schleid (prope Bedense Castrum)|Schleid]] * [[Schlierschied]] * [[Schloßböckelheim]] * [[Schmalenberg]] * [[Schmidthachenbach]] * [[Schmißberg]] * [[Schmitshausen]] * [[Schmitt (Eiflia)|Schmitt]] * [[Schmittweiler]] * [[Schneckenhausen]] * [[Schneppenbach]] * [[Schnorbach]] * [[Schoden]] * [[Schömerich]] * [[Schönau (Pfalz)]] * [[Schönbach (Eiflia)|Schönbach]] * [[Schönberg (bei Thalfang)|Schönberg]] * [[Schönborn (Tergum Caninum)|Schönborn]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Schönborn (Pfalz)|Schönborn]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Schönborn (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Schönborn]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> * [[Schöndorf (an der Ruwer)|Schöndorf]] * [[Schöneberg (Tergum Caninum)|Schöneberg]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Schöneberg (Occidentalis Silva)|Schöneberg]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Schönecken]] * [[Schönenberg-Kübelberg]] * [[Schopp]] * [[Schornsheim]] * [[Schuld (Ahr)|Schuld]] * [[Schüller]] * [[Schürdt]] * [[Schutz (Eiflia)|Schutz]] * [[Schutzbach]] * [[Schwabenheim an der Selz]] * [[Schwall (Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis)|Schwall]] * [[Schwanheim (Pfalz)|Schwanheim]] * [[Schwarzen]] * [[Schwarzenborn (Eiflia)|Schwarzenborn]] * [[Schwarzerden]] * [[Schwedelbach]] * [[Schwegenheim]] * [[Schweigen-Rechtenbach]] * [[Schweighausen]] * [[Schweighofen]] * [[Schweinschied]] * [[Schweisweiler]] * [[Schweix]] * [[Schweppenhausen]] * [[Schwerbach]] * [[Schwirzheim]] * [[Schwollen]] * [[Seck]] * [[Seelbach (Nassau)|Seelbach]] <small>(Nassau)</small> * [[Seelbach bei Hamm (Sieg)]] * [[Seelbach (Occidentalis Silva)]] * [[Seelen]] * [[Seesbach]] * [[Seffern]] * [[Sefferweich]] * [[Sehlem (Eiflia)|Sehlem]] * [[Seibersbach]] * [[Seifen (Occidentalis Silva)|Seifen]] * [[Seinsfeld]] * [[Seiwerath]] * [[Selbach (Sieg)]] * [[Selchenbach]] * [[Sellerich]] * [[Selzen]] * [[Sembach]] * [[Sengerich]] * [[Senheim]] * [[Senscheid]] * [[Sensweiler]] * [[Serrig]] * [[Sessenbach]] * [[Sessenhausen]] * [[Sevenig bei Neuerburg]] * [[Sevenig (Our)]] * [[Sicca Muschella]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörrmoschel'')</small> * [[Siebeldingen]] * [[Siebenbach]] * [[Siefersheim]] * [[Sien]] * [[Sienhachenbach]] * [[Sierscheid]] * [[Siershahn]] * [[Siesbach]] * [[Silva ad Paludem]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Forstmehren'')</small> * [[Silva Ardua (Occidentalis Silva)|Silva Ardua]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hardt''; dialectaliter ''Hoord'')</small> * [[Silva Ecclesiae (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Silva Ecclesiae]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchwald'')</small> * [[Silva Fagina (Occidentalis Silva)|Silva Fagina]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buchholz'')</small> * [[Silva Pacis (Occidentalis Silva)|Silva Pacis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friedewald'')</small> * [[Silva Separata]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Griebelschied'')</small> * [[Silvae Domus (Ardaha)|Silvae Domus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzheim'')</small> * [[Silvae Novale (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Silvae Novale]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzerath''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Holzröth'')</small> * [[Silz (Pfalz)|Silz]] * [[Simmern (Occidentalis Silva)|Simmern]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Singhofen]] * [[Sinspelt]] * [[Sippersfeld]] * [[Sitters]] * [[Sohren]] * [[Sohrschied]] * [[Solitudo Superior]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höheinöd'')</small> * [[Sommerau (an der Ruwer)|Sommerau]] * [[Sommerloch (prope Cruciniacum)|Sommerloch]] * [[Sonnenberg-Winnenberg]] * [[Sonnschied]] * [[Sörgenloch]] * [[Sörth]] * [[Sosberg]] * [[Spabrücken]] * [[Spall]] * [[Spangdahlem]] * [[Spanhemium]]<ref name="Trithemius 1601"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgsponheim'')</small> * [[Spay]] * [[Spesenroth]] * [[Spessart (Brohltal)|Spessart]] * [[Spiesheim]] * [[Spinifex Mons]] <small>(Theodisce ''Dörnberg'')</small> * [[Spinifex Theodericidomus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dorn-Dürkheim'')</small> * [[Spinosi Nemoris Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dornholzhausen'')</small> * [[Spirkelbach]] * [[Sponheim]] * [[Sprendlingen]] * [[Stadecken-Elsheim]] * [[Stadtkyll]] * [[Stahlberg]] * [[Stahlhofen (Occidentalis Silva)|Stahlhofen]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Stahlhofen am Wiesensee]] * [[Standenbühl]] * [[Starkenburg (Mosel)|Starkenburg]] * [[Statio Danonis-Domus Scauerni]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dannstadt-Schauernheim'')</small> * [[Staudernheim]] * [[Staudt]] * [[Stebach]] * [[Steffeln]] * [[Steimel]] * [[Steinalben]] * [[Steinbach (Tergum Caninum)|Steinbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Steinbach am Donnersberg]] * [[Steinbach am Glan]] * [[Stein-Bockenheim]] * [[Steinborn]] * [[Steinebach an der Wied]] * [[Steinebach/Sieg]] * [[Steineberg]] * [[Steinefrenz]] * [[Steinen (Occidentalis Silva)|Steinen]] * [[Steineroth]] * [[Steinfeld (Pfalz)|Steinfeld]] * [[Steiningen]] * [[Stein-Neukirch]] * [[Steinsberg (Rheinland-Pfalz)|Steinsberg]] * [[Steinweiler]] * [[Steinwenden]] * [[Stein-Wingert]] * [[Stelzenberg]] * [[Stetten (Pfalz)|Stetten]] * [[Stipshausen]] * [[Stockem (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Stockem]] * [[Stockhausen-Illfurth]] * [[Stockum-Püschen]] * [[Straßenhaus]] * [[Streithausen]] * [[Strickscheid]] * [[Strohn]] * [[Strotzbüsch]] * [[Strüth]] * [[Stürzelbach]] * [[Sulcia Superior]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohen-Sülzen'')</small> * [[Sülm]] * [[Sulzbach (Tergum Caninum)|Sulzbach]] <small>(bei Idar-Oberstein)</small> * [[Sulzbach (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Sulzbach]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> * [[Sulzbacum ad Glanum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herren-Sulzbach'')</small> * [[Sulzheim (Hassia Rhenana)|Sulzheim]] * [[Superior Ranarum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höhfröschen'')</small> * [[Superior Rivus Argillosus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohenleimbach'')</small> * [[Superior Spira]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochspeyer'')</small> * [[Symera]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Simmertal''; [[Hunnice]] ''Siemerdaal'')</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Taben-Rodt]] * [[Talling]] * [[Tawern]] * [[Tellig]] * [[Temmels]] * [[Teschenmoschel]] * [[Thaleischweiler-Fröschen]] * [[Thalfang]] * [[Thalhausen]] * [[Thallichtenberg]] * [[Theisbergstegen]] * [[Theodericenovale]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörth'')</small> * [[Theoderici Separatio]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886">Lamprecht, K. (1886). ''Deutsches Wirtschaftsleben im Mittelalter: Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung der materiellen Kultur des platten Landes auf Grund der Quellen zunächst des Mosellandes'' (Vol. 1). Alphons Dürr.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Dierscheid'')</small> * [[Theodericicella]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dorsel'')</small> * [[Theodericidivisa |Theodericidivisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörscheid'')</small> * [[Theodericidivisa (Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis)|Theodericidivisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis|Circulo terrae Magniacensi et Confluentensi]]<ref name="CTMEC">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Mayen-Koblenz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Magniacensis-e" et "Confluentensis-e" ad urbes [[Magniacum (Germania)|Magniacum]] et [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentes]] referuntur. Quibus de toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Ditscheid'')</small> * [[Theodericidomium]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dintesheim'')</small> * [[Theodericidomus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dorsheim'')</small> * [[Theodericidomus et Coryletum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dittelsheim-Heßloch'')</small> * [[Theodericifons (Circulus Montis Iovis)|Theodericifons]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Montis Iovis|Circulo Montis Iovis]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreisen''; [[Palatinice]] ''Drase'')</small> * [[Theodericifons (Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci)|Theodericifons]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci|Circulo terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci]]<ref name="CTTMCEV">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Bernkastel-Wittlich'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latinis toponymis "[[Tabernae Mosellanicae-Cusa|Tabernae Mosellanicae-Cusa]]" et "[[Vitelliacum]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreis'')</small> * [[Theodericifons et Pons]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreis-Brück'')</small> * [[Theodericifusum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dünfus''; dialectaliter Duenfusensice<ref name="Duenfusensice">Adverbium in gentilicio "Duenfusensis-e" fundatur. Quo de gentilicio, vide: Görz, A. (1874). ''Mittelrheinische Regesten: oder chronologische Zusammenstellung der Quellenbriefe für die Geschichte der Territorien der heutigen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Denkert & Groos.</ref> ''Dimmes'')</small> * [[Theodericinga]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dietrichingen'')</small> * [[Theodericirivus (Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis)|Theodericirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis|Circulo terrae Cruciniacensi]]<ref name="CTCru">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Bad Kreuznach'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cruciniacum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cruciniacensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörrebach'')</small> * [[Theodericirivus (Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae)|Theodericirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae|Circulo terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae]]<ref name="CTEV">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae" -Theodisce ''Vulkaneifel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum toponymum "[[Eifla]]" Theodiscum lexema ''-eifel'' et Latinum adiectivum "[[Mons ignifer|vulcanicus-a-um]]" Theodiscum praefixum ''Vulkan-'' vertit. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Duppach'')</small> * [[Theodericirivus (Occidentalis Silva)|Theodericirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreisbach''; dialectaliter ''Draasbich'')</small> * [[Theodericisedes]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Donsieders''; [[Palatanice]] ''Dunsiters'')</small> * [[Theodericistreia]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dirmstein'')</small> * [[Theodericivilla (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Theodericivilla]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörsdorf'')</small> * [[Theodericivilla (Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini)|Theodericivilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dillendorf''; [[Hunnice]] ''Dilledoref'')</small> * [[Theodericocampus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Döttesfeld'')</small> * [[Theodericohardus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Diethardt'')</small> * [[Theodericorivus (Palatinatus)|Theodericorivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dimbach'')</small> * [[Theodericovilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dittweiler'')</small> * [[Thomae et Lamberti Villa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dohm-Lammersdorf'')</small> * [[Thomm]] * [[Thörlingen]] * [[Thörnich]] * [[Thulinkircha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dielkirchen'')</small> * [[Thür]] * [[Tiefenbach (Tergum Caninum)|Tiefenbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Tiefenthal (Pfalz)|Tiefenthal]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Tiefenthal (Hassia Rhenana)|Tiefenthal]] <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> * [[Todenroth]] * [[Torrens Ursorum (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Torrens Ursorum]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bärenbach'')</small> * [[Traisen (Nahe)|Traisen]] * [[Trassem]] * [[Trechtingshausen]] * [[Treis-Karden]] * [[Tricampia]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce 'Dreifelden''')</small> * [[Tricclesiae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreikirchen'')</small> * [[Trierscheid]] * [[Trierweiler]] * [[Trimbs]] * [[Trimport]] * [[Trippstadt]] * [[Trittenheim]] * [[Troneccum]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dhronecken'')</small> * [[Trulben]] {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Übereisenbach]] * [[Udenheim]] * [[Üdersdorf]] * [[Udilonis Fons]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989">Pokorny, J. (1959). ''Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch''. Francke Verlag; et: Pokorny, J. (1989). ''Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch''. Francke Verlag. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eitelborn'')</small> * [[Udler]] * [[Uelversheim]] * [[Uersfeld]] * [[Ueß]] * [[Uhler]] * [[Ulmet]] * [[Uminis Domus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eimsheim'')</small> * [[Undenheim]] * [[Uniclivium]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Einöllen'')</small> * [[Unicum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Unicum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Einig'')</small> * [[Unkenbach]] * [[Unnau]] * [[Unterjeckenbach]] * [[Untershausen]] * [[Unzenberg]] * [[Uppershausen]] * [[Urbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Urbach]] * [[Urbar (bei Koblenz)|Urbar]] <small>(bei Koblenz)</small> * [[Urbar (Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis)|Urbar]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC"/>)</small> * [[Urmersbach]] * [[Urmitz]] * [[Urschmitt]] * [[Ürzig]] * [[Usch (Eiflia)|Usch]] * [[Uterina Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eußerthal'')</small> * [[Utscheid]] * [[Üttfeld]] * [[Utzenhain]] * [[Utzerath]] * [[Üxheim]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vadum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vadum]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fürthen'')</small> * [[Vallemeroda]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wallmerod'')</small> * [[Vallis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fell''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Faähl'')</small> * [[Vallis Ampla (Tergum Caninum)|Vallis Ampla]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenthal''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bränel'' seu ''Brään'l'')</small> * [[Vallis Bodonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bobenthal'')</small> * [[Vallis Domus (Hassia Rhenana)|Vallis Domus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dalheim'')</small> * [[Vallis Domus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vallis Domus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahlheim'')</small> * [[Vallis Guldeni]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Guldental'')</small> * [[Vallis Henschi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Henschtal'')</small> * [[Vallis Picta]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bundenthal'')</small> * [[Vallis Pontis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brücktal'')</small> * [[Vallis Servitutis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dienethal'')</small> * [[Valwig]] * [[Veitsrodt]] * [[Veldenz]] * [[Vendersheim]] * [[Venningen]] * [[Vettelschoß]] * [[Vetus Ecclesia (Palatinatus)|Vetus Ecclesia]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenkirchen'')</small> * [[Vetus Lininga]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altleiningen'')</small> * [[Vicus Beronis (Eiflia)|Vicus Beronis]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berndorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Bicilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Bickelheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Episcopi (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vicus Episcopi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Bischofsheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Flamingorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flemlingen'')</small> * [[Vicus Flaronis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fleringen'')</small> * [[Vicus Flonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flonheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Flori et Dagolfi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flörsheim-Dalsheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Franconis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Franzenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Fridinis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friedelsheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Frlsm'')</small> * [[Vicus Fridonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frettenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frimari (ad Albam)|Vicus Frimari]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(ad Albam<ref name="BÄr 1891"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Freimersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frimari (ad Saletionem)|Vicus Frimari]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(ad [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletionem]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Framersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frimari (Palatinatus)|Vicus Frimari]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Freimersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frisonis (Hassia Rhenana)|Vicus Frisonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friesenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Gawirici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gauersheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Gaaschem'')</small> * [[Vicus Geisboti]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gabsheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Gundonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fußgönheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Hepponis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Heppenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Liberi Liubheris]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frei-Laubersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Liberorum (Occidentalis Silva)|Vicus Liberorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freilingen''; dialectaliter ''Frälinge'')</small> * [[Vicus Otarii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Odernheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Raconis Liber]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freirachdorf''; dialectaliter ''Fraerachdorw'')</small> * [[Vicus Waganis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Weinheim'')</small> * [[Vielbach]] * [[Vierherrenborn]] * [[Villa Ampla (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Villa Ampla]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Baltrammi]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bermersheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bassonis]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bassenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Beconis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bellonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bellheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bellem'')</small> * [[Villa Bermari]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bermersheim vor der Höhe'')</small> * [[Villa Bertolfi]]<ref name="Roth, Stolper & von Bechtolsheim 2007">Roth, M. T., Stolper, M. W., & von Bechtolsheim, P. (2007). ''Studies presented to Robert D. Biggs, June 4, 2000''. The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechtolsheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bettonis (Taunus)|Villa Bettonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bettendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Bibilonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebelsheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bickonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bickendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Bieri]]<ref name="Kyll 1988">Kyll, T. (1988). ''Biersdorf - Eine kleine Chronik: Dorfgeschichte von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart''. Villae Bieri.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Biersdorf am See'')</small> * [[Villa Bilca]]<ref name="Vogel 1843">Vogel, C. D. (1843). ''Beschreibung des Herzogthums Nassau''. [[Aquae Mattiacae|Aquis Mattiacis]]: Beyerle.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bilkheim'')</small> * [[Villa Billingi et Ingeni]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867">Lehmann, I. G. (1867). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Burgen und Bergschlösser in den ehemaligen Gauen, Grafschaften und Herrschaften der bayerischen Pfalz''. [[Caesarea Lutra|Caesareae Lutrae]]: Tascher: et; Lehmann, I. G. (1867). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Klöster in der vormaligen Pfalz''. Verlag der J. J. Tascher'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Billigheim-Ingenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bizzirichi]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bissersheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bobonis (Palatinatus)|Villa Bobonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böbingen'')</small> * [[Villa Bocconis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bockenheim an der Weinstraße''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bockrem'')</small> * [[Villa Bodonis]]<ref name="Kaufmann 1976">Kaufmann, H. (1976). ''Rheinhessische Ortsnamen''. Monaci: Wilhelm Fink Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bodenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bousonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bausendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Brachiti]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brecht'')</small> * [[Villa Brachti]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brachtendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Bubilonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebelnheim'')</small> * [[Villa Budonis (Eiflia)|Villa Budonis]]<ref name="">Meiller, A. von. (1866). ''Regesta archiepiscoporum Maguntinensium: Regesten zur Geschichte der Mainzer Erzbischöfe''. [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner’sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Biesdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Comitis in Trogona]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gräfendhron'')</small> * [[Villa Crassa]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dickendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Deghonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dexheim'')</small> * [[Villa Dinonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dienheim'')</small> * [[Villa Ezzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eßweiler'')</small> * [[Villa Feuzonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feusdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Filonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feilsdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Fontis (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Villa Fontis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis" -Theodisce ''Rhein-Lahn-Kreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-Kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Rhenanus-a-um" et "Lauganensis-e" ad flumina [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] et [[Laugana]]m referuntur. De primo hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}; de secundo, vide {{Murray}}. De Latinā huius circuli versione, confer aliarum linguarum versiones ''Distrito de Rin-Lahn'' et ''Arrondissement de Rhin-Lahn'' et ''Distrito do Reno-Lano'' et ''Circondario del Reno-Lahn'' et ''Zemský okres Rýn-Lahn'' et Рейн-Лан.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bornich'')</small> * [[Villa Fontis (Hassia Rhenana)|Villa Fontis]]<ref name="Kaufmann 1976"/> <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana">Vide [https://dn790008.ca.archive.org/0/items/a608058900schuuoft/a608058900schuuoft.pdf ''Status dioecesium catholicarum in Austria germanica''], ubi dicitur "Hassia rhenana (ubi jus francogallicum valet)".</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bornheim'')</small> * [[Villa Fontis (Palatinatus)|Villa Fontis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bornheim'')</small> * [[Villa Furnorum]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Föhren'')</small> * [[Villa Hamulonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hemmelzen'')</small> * [[Villa Heisonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heisdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Helmani]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Helmenzen'')</small> * [[Villa Palustris]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fensdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Solitaria (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Villa Solitaria]]<ref name="Böhmer 1870">Böhmer, J. F. (1870). ''Regesta Archiepiscoporum Maguntinensium''. Wagner.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Einselthum''; [[Palatinice]] ''Oinseldumm'')</small> * [[Villa Vallis (prope Bedense Castrum)|Villa Vallis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Villare ad Casas (Eiflia)|Villare ad Casas]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Beuren'')</small> * [[Villare ad Casas (Silva Alta)|Villare ad Casas]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in Silva Alta<ref name="Steininger 1836"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Beuren'')</small> * [[Villare Battonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Battweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Bavonis (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Villare Bavonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis|Circulo Eiflensi Bedensi et Prumiensi]]<ref name="CEBEP">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis" -Theodisce ''Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Eiflensis-e" et "Bedensis-e" et "Prumiensis-e" ad [[Eifla]]m et "Bedense castrum" et "[[Prumia (monasterium)|Prumiam]]" referuntur. Omnibus de his toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bauler'')</small> * [[Villare Belgicum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Belgweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bellischwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Benzonis]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Benzweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bensad'')</small> * [[Villare Berichonis prope Bemondulam]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/><ref name="Stadt Baumholder"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berschweiler bei Baumholder'')</small> * [[Villare Berichonis prope Kyrinam]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berschweiler bei Kirn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Berschwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Barweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Bruningis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breunigweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Brunonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Braunweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Cerasorum]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirschweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Dannonis-Rivus Dominicus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dennweiler-Frohnbach'')</small> * [[Villare Dassonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Daxweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Dintzonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dienstweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heimweiler'')</small> * [[Villare ad Ecclesiam]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Ericae]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heidweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Fartonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900">Förstemann, E. (1900). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen''. [[Bonna]]e: Hanstein; et: Förstemann, E. (1900). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen'' (Vol. 2). Bonnae, in Germania: Hanstein; et: Förstemann, E. (1900). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen und sonstige geographische Namen'' (Vol. 2). Nordhausen.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Farschweiler''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Foaschweila'')</small> * [[Villare Fersconis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ferschweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Franconis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Geilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gehlweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gälwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Geronis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gehrweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Grawonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gaugrehweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Grehwiller'')</small> * [[Villare Hanonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hennweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Herichi]]<ref> regionalgeschichte.net. (s.f.). ''Geschichte von Herchweiler''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Herchweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Husonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausweiler'')</small> * [[Villare in Monte]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bergweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Paludosum]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bruchwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Ursi]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bärweiler'')</small> * [[Vinningen]] * [[Virneburg]] * [[Völkersweiler]] * [[Volkerzen]] * [[Volkesfeld]] * [[Vollmersbach]] * [[Vollmersweiler]] * [[Volxheim]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Wachenheim (Pfrimm)|Wachenheim]] * [[Wagenhausen (Eiflia)|Wagenhausen]] * [[Wahlbach (Tergum Caninum)|Wahlbach]] * [[Wahlenau]] * [[Wahlheim]] * [[Wahlrod]] * [[Wahnwegen]] * [[Waigandshain]] * [[Waldalgesheim]] * [[Waldböckelheim]] (Theodisce ''Waldböckelheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Beggelum'') * [[Waldbreitbach]] * [[Waldesch]] * [[Waldfischbach-Burgalben]] * [[Waldgrehweiler]] * [[Waldhambach (Pfalz)|Waldhambach]] * [[Waldhof-Falkenstein]] * [[Waldlaubersheim]] * [[Waldleiningen]] * [[Waldmühlen]] * [[Waldorf (Rheinland-Pfalz)|Waldorf]] * [[Waldrach]] * [[Waldrohrbach]] * [[Waldsee (Pfalz)|Waldsee]] * [[Waldweiler]] * [[Walhausen]] * [[Wallenborn]] * [[Wallendorf (Eiflia)|Wallendorf]] * [[Wallersheim (Eiflia)|Wallersheim]] * [[Wallertheim]] * [[Wallhalben]] * [[Wallhausen (prope Cruciniacum)|Wallhausen]] * [[Wallmenroth]] * [[Wallscheid]] * [[Walsdorf (Eiflia)|Walsdorf]] * [[Walshausen]] * [[Walsheim]] * [[Walterschen]] * [[Warmsroth]] * [[Wartenberg-Rohrbach]] * [[Wasenbach]] * [[Wassenach]] * [[Wasserliesch]] * [[Wattenheim]] * [[Watzerath]] * [[Wawern (Eiflia)|Wawern]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Wawern (Saar)|Wawern]] <small>(Saar)</small> * [[Waxweiler]] * [[Wehr (Eiflia)|Wehr]] * [[Weibern (Eiflia)|Weibern]] * [[Weiden (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Weiden]] * [[Weidenbach (Eiflia)|Weidenbach]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Weidenbach (Taunus)|Weidenbach]] <small>(in [[Taunus mons|Tauno]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Weidenhahn]] * [[Weidenthal]] * [[Weidingen]] * [[Weiler (bei Mayen)|Weiler]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Weiler (bei Ulmen)|Weiler]] <small>(bei Ulmen)</small> * [[Weiler bei Bingen]] * [[Weiler bei Monzingen]] * [[Weilerbach]] * [[Weinähr]] * [[Weingarten (Pfalz)]] * [[Weinolsheim]] * [[Weinsheim (prope Cruciniacum)|Weinsheim]] <small>(prope [[Cruciniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Weinsheim (Eiflia)|Weinsheim]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Weisel (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Weisel]] * [[Weisenheim am Berg]] * [[Weisenheim am Sand]] * [[Weitefeld]] * [[Weitersbach]] * [[Weitersborn]] * [[Weitersburg]] * [[Weitersweiler]] * [[Welcherath]] * [[Welchweiler]] * [[Welgesheim]] * [[Welkenbach]] * [[Wellen (Mosel)|Wellen]] * [[Welling]] * [[Welschbillig]] * [[Welschenbach]] * [[Welschneudorf]] * [[Welterod]] * [[Weltersburg]] * [[Wendelsheim]] * [[Werkhausen]] * [[Wernersberg]] * [[Weroth]] * [[Wershofen]] * [[Weselberg]] * [[Westernohe]] * [[Westheim (Pfalz)]] * [[Westhofen]] * [[Wettlingen]] * [[Weyer (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Weyer]] * [[Weyerbusch]] * [[Weyher in der Pfalz]] * [[Wickenrodt]] * [[Wiebelsheim]] * [[Wied (bei Hachenburg)|Wied]] * [[Wierschem]] * [[Wiersdorf (Eiflia)|Wiersdorf]] * [[Wiesbach (Pfalz)|Wiesbach]] * [[Wiesbaum]] * [[Wiesemscheid]] * [[Wiesweiler]] * [[Wilgartswiesen]] * [[Willingen (Occidentalis Silva)|Willingen]] * [[Willmenrod]] * [[Willroth]] * [[Willwerscheid]] * [[Wilsecker]] * [[Wiltingen]] * [[Wilzenberg-Hußweiler]] * [[Wimbach]] * [[Wincheringen]] * [[Winden (Nassau)|Winden]] <small>(Nassau)</small> * [[Winden (Pfalz)|Winden]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Windesheim]] * [[Windhagen]] * [[Winkel (Eiflia)]] * [[Winkelbach]] * [[Winnen]] * [[Winnerath]] * [[Winningen]] * [[Winnweiler]] * [[Winringen]] * [[Winterbach (Pfalz)]] * [[Winterbach (Soonwald)|Winterbach]] <small>(Soonwald)</small> * [[Winterborn (Pfalz)|Winterborn]] * [[Winterburg]] * [[Winterscheid]] * [[Wintersheim]] * [[Winterspelt]] * [[Winterwerb]] * [[Wintrich]] * [[Wirft]] * [[Wirfus]] * [[Wirscheid]] * [[Wirschweiler]] * [[Wißmannsdorf]] * [[Wittgert]] * [[Woldert]] * [[Wölferlingen]] * [[Wolfsheim (Gemeinde)|Wolfsheim]] * [[Wolken (bei Koblenz)|Wolken]] * [[Wollmerath]] * [[Wöllstein]] * [[Wölmersen]] * [[Wolsfeld]] * [[Womrath]] * [[Wonsheim]] * [[Woppenroth]] * [[Würrich]] * [[Würzweiler]] * [[Wüschheim (Tergum Caninum)|Wüschheim]] * [[Wydentale]]<ref>Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (s. f.). ''About: Hinterweidenthal''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinterweidenthal'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zehnhausen bei Rennerod]] * [[Zehnhausen bei Wallmerod]] * [[Zeiskam]] * [[Zellertal]] * [[Zeltingen-Rachtig]] * [[Zemmer]] * [[Zendscheid]] * [[Zerf]] * [[Zettingen]] * [[Ziegenhain (Occidentalis Silva)|Ziegenhain]] * [[Zilshausen]] * [[Zimmerschied]] * [[Zornheim]] * [[Zotzenheim]] * [[Züsch]] * [[Zweifelscheid]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria: Urbes Rhenaniae-Palatinatus]] syzya2g5l8ose5y1igrlpveekvdn5jo 3958367 3958327 2026-05-04T21:16:30Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3958367 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities (Ortsgemeinden) in Rhineland-Palatinate.svg|thumb|Communia Rhenaniae et Palatinatus usque ad gradum ordinationis communis localis ([[Theodisce]] ''Ortsgemeinde'').]] '''Index urbium et communium [[Rhenania et Palatinatus|Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]''' [[urbs|urbes]] et [[commune|communia]] in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra foederali]] [[Germania|Germanica]] Rhenania et Palatinatu sita continet. Sunt 2&nbsp;300 communibus politice independentibus (e Kalendis Ianuariis anni 2025). Haec ita distribuuntur: * 130 urbes, inter quas ** 12 [[circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''Kreisfreie Stadt''), ** 8 urbes magnae circulo subiectae (Theodisce ''kreisangehörige Städte''), ** 13 urbes sine consociatione communium (Theodisce ''verbandsfreie Städte''), ** 97 urbes consociationi communium adscriptae (Theodisce ''verbandsangehörige Städte''); * 2170 alia communia, inter quae ** 8 communia sine consociatione (Theodisce ''verbandsfreie Gemeinden''), ** 2162 communia localia -consociationi adscripta- (Theodisce ''Ortsgemeinden''). Illae 97 urbes et 2162 communia localia ad 129 consociationes communium pertinent, quae administrationem pro communibus sibi subiectis gerunt. == Circuli urbani == {{div col|3}} # [[Augusta Treverorum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Trier''; [[Luxemburgice]] ''Tréier'')</small> # [[Bipontium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Zweibrücken''; [[Palatinice]] ''Zweebrigge'')</small> # [[Caesarea Lutra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaiserslautern''; [[Palatinice]] ''Lautre'')</small> # [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentes]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Koblenz''; dialectaliter ''Kowelenz'')</small> # [[Francodalia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankenthal'')</small> # [[Landavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Landau in der Pfalz''; [[Palatinice]] ''Landaach'')</small> # [[Ludovici Portus Rhenanus]]<ref name="Bezzel 1845">Bezzel, H. M. (1845). ''Historia Rei Literariae Norimbergensis''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Ludwigshafen am Rhein'')</small> # [[Moguntiacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mainz'')</small> # [[Neapolis Palatinorum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Neustadt an der Weinstraße''; [[Palatinice]] ''Neischdadt'')</small> # [[Sancti Pirminii Sedes]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Pirmasens''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bärmesens'')</small> # [[Spira (urbs)|Spira]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Speyer'')</small> # [[Wormatia]]<ref>Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/groo001brie14_01/groo001brie14_01_0023.php ''Briefwisseling van Hugo Grotius''], ubi dicitur "Dux Carolus a Wormatia militem mittit tuendo Ascafenburgo."</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Worms'')</small> {{div col end}} == Urbes magnae circulo subiectae == {{div col|3}} * [[Angulisamum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ingelheim am Rhein'')</small> * [[Antunnacum]]<ref>[[Tabula Peutingeriana]]: ''Antunnaco''.</ref><ref>Venantius Fortunatus: ''Antonnacensis castelli …'' Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Auctores antiquissimi, 4.4. Fortunati carminum liber X (de navigatione Childeberti regis).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Andernach''; dialectaliter ''Annenach'' seu ''Annernach'')</small> * [[Bingium]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bingen am Rhein'')</small> * [[Cruciniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Kreuznach'')</small> * [[Idara-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834">Steininger, J. (1834). ''Codex diplomaticus Trevirensis e-archivio et libris manuscriptis'' (Vol. 1). In Commission der Fr. Lintz’schen Buchhandlung.</ref><ref name="Beyer 1860">Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher; et : Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Idar-Oberstein'')</small> * [[Lahnstenium]]<ref>[http://www.dilibri.de/rlb/content/thumbview/63151 ''37 - (46) - Lahnstenium (ubi Loganum Rhenus suscipit) Confluentia venienti || Lhaanstein, komende van Koblenz - +â+ôbersicht - Landesbibliothekszentrum Rheinland-Pfalz'' apud www.dilibri.de] "Lahnstenium ubi [[Loganus|Loganum]] [[Rhenus]] suscipit."</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Lahnstein'')</small> * [[Magniacum (Germania)|Magniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mayen'')</small> * [[Neoweda]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Neuwied'')</small> {{div col end}} == Urbes sine consociatione communium == {{div col|3}} * [[Alceia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alzey'')</small> * [[Bendorffium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646">Merian, M. (1645). ''Topographia Palatinatus Rheni et Vicinarum Regionum''. Francofurti ad Moenum: Matthaei Meriani; et: Merian, M. (1646). ''Topographia Palatinatus Rheni et Vicinarum Regionum: Das ist Beschreibung und Eigentliche Abbildung der Vornehmsten Stätte Plätze der Untern Pfalz am Rhein''. Matthäus Merian.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bendorf'')</small> * [[Babardia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Boppard''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bobert'')</small> * [[Bedense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bitburg''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Bebuersch'' seu ''Beburig''; [[Luxemburgice]] ''Béibreg'')</small> * [[Insula Rheni]]<ref name="Mone 1848">Mone, F. J. (1848). ''Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins'' (Vol. 1). G. Braun'sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Wörth am Rhein'')</small> * [[Iulius Vicus]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Germersheim'' seu ''Germersheim am Rhein'')</small> * [[Novae Aquae-Arvilare]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler'')</small> * [[Rigomagus (Germania)|Rigomagus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Remagen'')</small> * [[Sentiaca]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Sinzig'')</small> * [[Turingum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Dürkheim'')</small> * [[Villa Nautica]]<ref name="Remling 1852">Remling, F. X. (1852). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer'' (Vol. 1). Kirchheim und Schott; et: Remling, F. X. (1852). ''Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer'' (Vol. 1). Kirchheim und Schott.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Schifferstadt'')</small> * [[Viridopolis]]<ref name="Irenicus 1518">Irenicus, F. (1518). ''Germaniae exegeseos volumina duodecim''. Impensis Urbani Regii.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grünstadt'')</small> * [[Vitelliacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wittlich'')</small> {{div col end}} == Urbes consociationi communium adscriptae == {{div col|3}} * [[Adenova]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Adenau'')</small> * [[Algesheimium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Algesheim'')</small> * [[Angulus Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Lauterecken'')</small> * [[Anvilara]]<ref name="Böhmer 1849">Böhmer, J. F. (1849). ''Regesta Imperii: Die Regesten des Kaiserreichs unter den Karolingern'' (Vol. 1). Verlag der J.G. Cotta'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Annweiler am Trifels'')</small> * [[Aquae Brisiacenses]]<ref name="Peutinger 1888">Peutinger, C. (1888). ''Tabula Peutingeriana: Codex Vindobonensis 324'' (K. Miller, Ed.). Otto Maier Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Breisig'')</small> * [[Aquae Mariaemontanae]]<ref name="Schannat II 1824">Schannat, J. F. (1824). ''Eiflia illustrata, oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (Vol. 2). Johann Peter Bachem.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Marienberg''; dialectaliter ''Marmerich'')</small> * [[Aquae Sobernheimenses]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Sobernheim'')</small> * [[Bacaracum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bacharach'' seu ''Bacharach am Rhein'')</small> * [[Bemondula]]<ref name="Stadt Baumholder">Stadt Baumholder. (s. f.). [https://www.baumholder.de/en/our-city/history/ ''History''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Baumholder'')</small> * [[Bernicastellum-Cusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Marx 1905">Marx, J. (1905). ''Geschichte des Armen-Hospitals zum h. Nicolaus zu Cues'' (Vol. 1). Kommissions-Verlag der Paulinus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bernkastel-Kues'')</small> * [[Betzdorfium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844">Bärsch, G. (1844). ''Eiflia illustrata, oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (Vol. 2).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Betzdorf'')</small> * [[Birconfelda (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bircofelda]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenfeld'')</small> * [[Bollenheimum ad Rhenum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rheinböllen'')</small> * [[Brubacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Braubach'')</small> * [[Caesariacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaisersesch'')</small> * [[Candela (Palatinatus)|Candela]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kandel'')</small> * [[Castrum Kyllae]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kyllburg'')</small> * [[Cattimelibocum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzenelnbogen'')</small> * [[Cella ad Mosellam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Zell'')</small> * [[Cochemium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Cochem'')</small> * [[Contionacum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Konz'')</small> * [[Cosla]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kusel'')</small> * [[Cuba (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Cuba]] <small>(Theodisce ''Kaub'')</small> * [[Dada (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dada]]<ref name="Gensicke II 1999">Gensicke, H. (1999). ''Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes'' (II ed.). Historische Kommission für Nassau.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Daaden'')</small> * [[Dana (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dana]]<ref name="Görz II 1879">Görz, A. (1879). ''Mittelrheinische Regesten oder chronologische Zusammenstellung des Quellenmaterials für die Geschichte der Territorien der heutigen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier'' (Vol. II). Denkert & Groos.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahn'')</small> * [[Decia (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Decia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Diez'')</small> * [[Didesheimium]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deidesheim'')</small> * [[Dierdorfium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dierdorf'')</small> * [[Domus Bousonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Busenhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Sancti Goaris]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Sankt Goarshausen'')</small> * [[Dumno]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Daun'')</small> * [[Ecclesiae ad Segam]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchen'')</small> * [[Ecclesiopolium Bolandicum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchheimbolanden''; [[Palatinice]] ''Kerschem'')</small> * [[Ediginhovum]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933">Glöckner, K. (1933). ''Codex Laureshamensis'' (Vol. 3). Historischer Verein für Hessen; et; Glöckner, K. (1933). ''Codex Laureshamensis: Bd. 3 Kopialbuch, II. Teil. Die übrigen Gau- und Marken-Verzeichnisse''. [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]]: Buchhandlung des Hessischen Staatsverlags.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Edenkoben''; [[Palatinice]] ''Edekowe'')</small> * [[Embasis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Ems'')</small> * [[Emmelshusium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Emmelshausen'')</small> * [[Freinsheimium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freinsheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Fränsem'')</small> * [[Gamundium (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Gamundium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913?p=249&cq=Ludwigshafen%20u.a.&lang=en ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E - M''].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hornbach'')</small> * [[Gerolstenium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerolstein'')</small> * [[Hachenburgum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hachenburg'')</small> * [[Herdorfium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herdorf'')</small> * [[Hermenskeila]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hermeskeil'')</small> * [[Hillesheimium (Eiflia)|Hillesheimium]] <small>(Theodisce ''Hillesheim'')</small> * [[Hoinga]]<ref name="Becker, Mayer, Prinz & Halpern 2021">Becker, W., Mayer, M. G., Prinz, S. T., & Halpern, J. P. (2021). ''Hoinga: A large and nearby ROSAT-detected supernova remnant''. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 648, A30. doi.org</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Hönningen'')</small> * [[Horium-Grancineshausa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Gensicke II 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höhr-Grenzhausen'')</small> * [[Hunnorum Castellum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kastellaun'')</small> * [[Indago ad Rivum]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hagenbach'')</small> * [[Kyrina (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Kyrina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirn'')</small> * [[Landstulia]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Landstuhl'')</small> * [[Lincia ad Rhenum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Linz am Rhein'')</small> * [[Lupi Petra (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Lupi Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wolfstein'')</small> * [[Manderscheidum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Manderscheid'')</small> * [[Meisenheimium (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Meisenheimium]]<ref name="Latomus 1562">Latomus, B. (1562). ''Genealogia d. d. baronum in Meisenheimium et Oberstein''. (Reimpressio a I. Friderico edita, anno 1870, Reuther).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Meisenheim'')</small> * [[Mendigum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mendig'')</small> * [[Molendinopolis-Kerlecha]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mülheim-Kärlich'')</small> * [[Monasterium Meinfeldiae]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Münstermaifeld''; dialectaliter ''Meenster'')</small> * [[Mons Ecclesiae (Tergum Caninum)|Mons Ecclesiae]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchberg'')</small> * [[Mons Ferreus (Palatinatus)|Mons Ferreus]]<ref name="Meisner 1623">Meisner, D. (1623). ''Thesaurus Philo-Politicus: Hoc est: Emblemata sive Moralia Politica'' (Vol. 1). Eberhard Kieser seu Enno Koenig.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Tabor (Germania)|Mons Tabor]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Montabaur'')</small> * [[Mons Torrentis (Tergum Caninum)|Mons Torrentis]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Stromberg'')</small> * [[Moschela Superior]]<ref name="Schannat II 1824"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Obermoschel'')</small> * [[Nassovia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Nassau'')</small> * [[Nastadium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Nastätten'')</small> * [[Neristeinum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Nierstein'')</small> * [[Novum Castellum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Novum Castellum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Neuerburg''; dialectaliter [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Neierbuersch'')</small> * [[Occidentale Castrum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Occidentale Castrum]]<ref name="Gensicke II 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Westerburg'')</small> * [[Oppenheimium]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Oppenheim'')</small> * [[Ostowa]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Osthofen'')</small> * [[Otterburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Otterberg'')</small> * [[Policha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Polch'')</small> * [[Pruma (urbs)|Pruma]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Prüm'')</small> * [[Ramsteinium-Mesenbacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ramstein-Miesenbach'')</small> * [[Ransbacum-Babenbacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ransbach-Baumbach'')</small> * [[Renneroda]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rennerod'')</small> * [[Rensa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rhens'')</small> * [[Rocconis Domus]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rockenhausen'')</small> * [[Rodalba]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Rodalben'')</small> * [[Saltrissa in Silva Occidentali]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Selters''; dialectaliter ''Seldersch'')</small> * [[Sancti Goaris Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Sankt Goar'')</small> * [[Sanctus Lambertus (Palatinatus)|Sanctus Lambertus]]<ref name="Remling 1836">Remling, F. X. (1836). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der ehemaligen Abteien und Klöster im jetzigen Rheinbayern'' (Vol. 1). Ensslin; et: Remling, F. X. (1836). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer''. Moguntiaci: Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Lambrecht'')</small> * [[Saravicastrum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Saarburg'')</small> * [[Simmera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Simmern/Hunsrück'')</small> * [[Soiacum]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Schweich'')</small> * [[Spicarium (Eiflia)|Spicarium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Speicher'')</small> * [[Tabernae Montanae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Bergzabern''; [[Palatinice]] ''Berchzawwre'')</small> * [[Trabena-Trarbachium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Traben-Trarbach'')</small> * [[Turris Alba (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Turris Alba]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Weißenthurm''; dialectaliter ''Thur'')</small> * [[Ulmena]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ulmen'')</small> * [[Ulmena Inferior]]<ref name="Greule 2021">Greule, A. (2021). ''Die Ortsnamen der Verbandsgemeinde Nieder-Olm''. Regionalgeschichte.net</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Nieder-Olm'')</small> * [[Unchela]]<ref name="Lacomblet 1840">Lacomblet, T. J. (1840). ''Urkundenbuch für die Geschichte des Niederrheins oder des Erzstifts Cöln'' (Vol. 1). Wolf'sche Buchdruckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Unkel'')</small> * [[Valendra]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Vallendar'')</small> * [[Vesalia Superior]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Oberwesel'')</small> * [[Vetus Ecclesia (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vetus Ecclesia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenkirchen'')</small> * [[Villa Moraha]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Waldmohr'')</small> * [[Wachenheimium ad Viam Vinariam]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Steininger 1834"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wachenheim an der Weinstraße'' seu ''Wachenheim an der Haardt'')</small> * [[Weristadium]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wörrstadt'')</small> * [[Wiridicha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wirges'')</small> * [[Wissena ad Segam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wissen'' seu ''Wissen/Sieg'')</small> {{div col end}} == Communia sine consociatione == {{div col|3}} * [[Bobenhemium-Roxhemium]]<ref name="Remling Geschichte 1852">Remling, F. X., (1852); ''Geschichte der Bischöfe zu Speyer''. [[Moguntiacum|Moguntiaci]]: Kirchheim & Schott.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bobenheim-Roxheim'')</small> * [[Bohila et Ugelhemium]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böhl-Iggelheim'')</small> * [[Budenhemium]]<ref name="Binterim III 1839">Binterim, A. J. (1839). ''Pragmatische Geschichte der deutschen Concilien: vom vierten bis zum Ende des fünfzehnten Jahrhunderts'' (Vol. 3). Moguntiaci: Verlag von Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Budenheim'')</small> * [[Comitatus (Rhenania)|Comitatus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723">Schannat, J. F. (1723). ''Eiflia illustrata, sive memorabilis et geographica historicaque dominorum eifliae illustrium''. Typis Ioannis Baptistae; et: Schannat, J. F. (1723). ''Eiflia illustrata, sive geographica et historica descriptionis comitatus Eifliae''. Typis J.A. Köthen; et: Schannat, J. F. (1723). ''Eiflia Illustrata, sive chorographica et historica descriptio comitatus Eifliae''. [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]: Sumptibus viduae J. B. Metternich.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grafschaft'')</small> * [[Curia Limburgensis]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Limburgerhof'')</small> * [[Hasela (Palatinatus)|Hasela]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Haßloch'')</small> * [[Morbachium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Morbach'')</small> * [[Mutterstadium]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Mutterstadt'')</small> {{div col end}} == Communia localia == === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abbatis Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Abbatis Villa]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Abtweiler'')</small> * [[Abentheuerium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831">Binterim, A. J., & Mooren, J. H. (1831). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiözese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung'' (Vol. 2). Moguntiaci: Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Abentheuer'')</small> * [[Acta (Eiflia)|Acta]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Acht'')</small> * [[Adinbachium]]<ref name="Academia Electoralis Theodoro-Palatinae II 1770">Academia Electoralis Theodoro-Palatinae. (1770). ''Historia et commentationes Academiae Electoralis Scientiarum et Elegantiorum Litterarum Theodoro-Palatinae'' (Vol. 2). Typis Academicis.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Adenbach'')</small> * [[Afflaria]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Affler'')</small> * [[Agathonis Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Echtershausen'')</small> * [[Ager Fraxineus]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eschfeld'')</small> * [[Agitelsbacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Achtelsbach'')</small> * [[Agiwaltivilla]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elzweiler'')</small> * [[Agonis Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehweiler'')</small> * [[Ailertchenium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ailertchen'')</small> * [[Albersweilerium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albersweiler'')</small> * [[Albessenum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albessen'')</small> * [[Albia (Occidentalis Silva)|Albia]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elben'')</small> * [[Albis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Albis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alf'')</small> * [[Albucha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albig'')</small> * [[Albulfi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Albisheim'')</small> * [[Alflona]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alflen'')</small> * [[Alcana (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Alcana]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alken'')</small> * [[Alchorodum]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elkenroth'')</small> * [[Alchovilla (Nava)|Alchovilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(ad [[Nava (flumen)|Navam]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellweiler'')</small> * [[Alchovilla (Tergum Caninum)|Alchovilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Elchweiler'')</small> * [[Alisontia (Palatinatus)|Alisontia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsenz'')</small> * [[Allenbachum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Allenbach'')</small> * [[Allendorfium (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Allendorfium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Allendorf'')</small> * [[Allenfeldium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Allenfeld'')</small> * [[Almersbacum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Almersbach'')</small> * [[Alnetobacum prope Candelam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erlenbach bei Kandel'')</small> * [[Alnetobacum prope Danam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erlenbach bei Dahn'')</small> * [[Alnetum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Alnetum]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellerstadt'')</small> * [[Alnetum Eifliense]]<ref name="Schannat 1852">Schannat, J. F. (1852). ''Eiflia Illustrata: Oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (G. Bärsch, Ed.). Lintz; et: Schannat, J. F. (1852). ''Eiflia illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (G. Bärsch, Ed.; Vol. 2). Jakob Anton Mayer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellscheid'')</small> * [[Alni Divisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehlscheid'')</small> * [[Alpenrodium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alpenrod'')</small> * [[Alsbacum (Occidentalis Silva)|Alsbacum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsbach'')</small> * [[Alsdorfium (Eiflia)|Alsdorfium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsdorf'')</small> * [[Alsdorfium (Occidentalis Silva)|Alsdorfium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsdorf'')</small> * [[Alshemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alsheim'')</small> * [[Alta Regia (Rhenania)|Alta Regia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altrich'')</small> * [[Alta Ripa (Palatinatus)|Alta Ripa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altrip'')</small> * [[Alta Statio-Dahuna]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochstetten-Dhaun'')</small> * [[Alterkulzium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Alterkülz''; [[Hunnice]] ''Allerkilz'')</small> * [[Altum Villare (Rhenaniae et Palatinatus)|Altum Villare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hockweiler'')</small> * [[Alua]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bleialf'')</small> * [[Ambitus Sigae]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hamm'')</small> * [[Ameslabrunno]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Esselborn'')</small> * [[Ammeldinga ad Novum Castrum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ammeldingen bei Neuerburg'')</small> * [[Ammeldinga ad Ouram]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ammeldingen an der Our'')</small> * [[Angelostadium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Engelstadt'')</small> * [[Angulocampus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckfeld'')</small> * [[Angulus Franconum]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankeneck'')</small> * [[Anhusium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Anhausen''; dialectaliter ''Onese'')</small> * [[Anschavia]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Anschau'')</small> * [[Ansiacum Mosellanum]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ensch'')</small> * [[Antiqua Dizuna]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altendiez'')</small> * [[Antiqua Laya]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altlay'')</small> * [[Antiqua Scheida]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altscheid'')</small> * [[Antiqua Villa (Palatinatus)|Antiqua Villa]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altdorf'')</small> * [[Antiquum Boimburgum]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743">Gudenus, V. F. (1743). ''Codex diplomaticus: exhibens anecdota Moguntiaca, iura, provincias, et adiacentes regiones'' (Vol. 1). Typis Ioannis Baptistae; et: Gudenus, V. F. (1743). ''Codex Diplomaticus: Exhibens Anecdota Moguntiaca, Res Germanicas, Et Trevirenses Illustrantia'' (Vol. 1). Academica.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenbamberg'')</small> * [[Antiquum Strimmigium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altstrimmig'')</small> * [[Antiquum Widelbachium]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altweidelbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Aldweirelbach'')</small> * [[Antweilerium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Antweiler'')</small> * [[Appenhemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Appenheim'')</small> * [[Aqua (prope Augustam Treverorum)|Aqua]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aach'')</small> * [[Aquae Ferreae (Eiflia)|Aquae Ferreae]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670">Browerus, C., & Masenius, J. (1670). ''Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV''. Henricus Dehmen.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisenach'')</small> * [[Aquila (Germania)|Aquila]]<ref name="Brower 1626">Brower, C. (1626). ''Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV''. Officina Libraria Henrici Bock.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Igel'')</small> * [[Ara (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Ara]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenahr'')</small> * [[Arbachium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arbach'')</small> * [[Arbor Amelonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Emmelbaum'')</small> * [[Aremontium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aremberg'')</small> * [[Arenrathium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arenrath'')</small> * [[Arftium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arft'')</small> * [[Argenthalium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Argenthal''; [[Hunnice]] ''Ajedahl'')</small> * [[Ariswancum]]<ref name="Dotzauer 2001">Dotzauer, W. (2001). ''Geschichte des Nahe-Hunsrück-Raumes: Von den Anfängen bis zur Französischen Revolution''. Franz Steiner Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Argenschwang'')</small> * [[Armshemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Armsheim'')</small> * [[Arzbacum]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arzbach'')</small> * [[Ardesfelda]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arzfeld'')</small> * [[Ardinicum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erden'')</small> * [[Arenza]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ernzen'')</small> * [[Aridum Nemus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dürrholz'')</small> * [[Asbachium (Occidentalis Silva)|Asbachium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Asbach'')</small> * [[Aspishemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aspisheim'')</small> * [[Astertium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Astert'')</small> * [[Attenhusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Attenhausen'')</small> * [[Atzelgiftium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Atzelgift'')</small> * [[Auderathium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auderath'')</small> * [[Audonis Domus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Edesheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Esem'')</small> * [[Auelium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auel'')</small>. * [[Augia (Tergum Caninum)|Augia]]<ref name="Trithemius 1601">Trithemius, I. (1601). ''Chronicon Coenobii Sponheimensis''. Typis Ioannis Albini; et: Trithemius, I. (1601). Chronicon Sponheimense, ca. 1495-1509. (Ed. Carl Velten, 1969). [[Cruciniacum|Cruciniaci]]: Eigenverlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Auen'')</small> * [[Augia ad Kyllam]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auw an der Kyll'')</small> * [[Augia ad Prumiam]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Auw bei Prüm'')</small> * [[Augia Dusonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dausenau'')</small> * [[Aullium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Aull'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Bachenbergium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bachenberg'')</small> * [[Bacunnum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bekond'')</small> * [[Bademium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Badem'')</small> * [[Badenhardia]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Badenhard''; [[Hunnice]] ''Banert'')</small> * [[Badenhemium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Badenheim'')</small> * [[Baldringum]]<ref name="Gnodalius 1570">Gnodalius, P. (1570). ''Seditio repentina vulgi, praecipue rusticorum, anno M.D.XXV. per universam fere Germaniam exorta''. Henricus Petri</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Baldringen'')</small> * [[Bannum (Palatinatus)|Bannum]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857">Lehmann, J. G. (1857). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Klöster in der Pfalz''. Verlag der Joh. Chr. Hermann'sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bann'')</small> * [[Bannberscheidum]]<ref name="Steub 1846">Steub, L. (1846). ''Die oberdeutschen Familiennamen''. Verlag von George Joseph Manz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bannberscheid'')</small> * [[Barae (Eiflia)|Barae]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Baar'')</small> * [[Basilica Helperici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Helferskirchen'')</small> * [[Baudobrica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Büdlich'')</small> * [[Baulerum (Circulus terrae Arvilarensis)|Baulerum]]<ref name="Schannat 1855">Schannat, J. F. (1855). ''Eiflia illustrata, sive geographica et historica comitatus Eifliae descriptio''. Jacobus Antonius Mayer.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Arvilarensis|Circulo Arvilarensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae">Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' -secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo- vertit</ref><ref>Nomen Latinum completum "Circulus terrae Arvilarensis"</ref><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bauler'')</small> * [[Baustertum]]<ref name="Schannat 1855"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Baustert'')</small> * [[Bechelum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836">Steininger, J. (1836). ''Codex principis et metropolis Trevirensis: res Trevericas a saeculo X. usque ad nostra tempora illustrans''. Friederich Lintz; et: Steininger, J. (1836). ''Codex principis et metropolis Trevirensis: Res Trevirericas a tempore Romanae dominationis usque ad nostram aetatem''. Typis et Sumptibus F. Lintz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Becheln'')</small> * [[Bechtrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechtheim'')</small> * [[Beindersheimium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beindersheim'')</small> * [[Belgica (Germania)|Belgica]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Belg''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bellisch'')</small> * [[Belinga (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Belinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis|Circulo Eiflensi Bedensi et Prumiensi]]<ref name="CEBEP"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Beilingen'')</small> * [[Belinga (Occidentalis Silva)|Belinga]]<ref name="Görz 1886">Görz, A. (1886). ''Mittelrheinische Regesten: oder chronologische Zusammenstellung der Quellenbriefe für die Geschichte der Territorien der heutigen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier''. Verlag von F. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bellingen'')</small> * [[Bellum (Tergum Caninum)|Bellum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bell'')</small> * [[Bellum (prope Mendigum)|Bellum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(prope [[Mendigum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bell'')</small> * [[Beltema]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beltheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Belldem'')</small> * [[Bercilingua]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berlingen'')</small> * [[Bermola]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bermel'')</small> * [[Bertriacum]]<ref name="Gilles 1988">Gilles, K.-J. (1988). ''Die Entersburg bei Bad Bertrich. Ein "Troja" der Eifel''. Apud ''Jahrbuch für den Kreis Cochem-Zell''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bad Bertrich'')</small> * [[Bettilonis Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Betteldorf'')</small> * [[Bettinga (Eiflia)|Bettinga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bettingen'')</small> * [[Betularia-Honigsessenium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/><ref name="Königliches Statistisches Bureau XII 1885">Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Ed.) (1885). ''Gemeindelexikon für das Königreich Preußen: Provinz Rheinland'' (Vol. 12). Berolini: Verlag des Königlichen Statistischen Bureaus; et: Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Ed.) (1885). ''Gemeindelexikon für das Königreich Preußen: Auf Grund der Materialien der Volkszählung vom 1. Dezember 1885'' (Vol. 12). Berolini: Verlag des Königlichen Statistischen Bureaus.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Birken-Honigsessen'')</small> * [[Betularum Domus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Berkhem'')</small> * [[Beyia]]<ref name="Beyer II 1874"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausbay'')</small> * [[Bibaraha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebern''; [[Hunnice]] ''Biewere'')</small> * [[Bibericum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebrich'')</small> * [[Bickenbacum (Tergum Caninum)|Bickenbacum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bickenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Beggebach'')</small> * [[Bidasium]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841">Lehmann, J. G. (1841). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Klöster in der ehemaligen Pfalz am Rheine''. Caesareae Lutrae: Tascher. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Biedesheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Birressem'')</small> * [[Bifangum Ulonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eulenbis'')</small> * [[Bilestinum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beilstein'')</small> * [[Binninga (Eiflia)|Binninga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Binningen'')</small> * [[Binsfelda (Eiflia)|Binsfelda]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Binsfeld'')</small> * [[Birgelium]]<ref name="Wackenroder 1928">Wackenroder, E. (1928). ''Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kreises Daun'' (P. Clemen, Ed.; Vol. 12/III). Dusseldorpii: L. Schwann.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Birgel'')</small> * [[Birgesbura]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birresborn'')</small> * [[Birtinga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birtlingen'')</small> * [[Bitzenum]]<ref name="Königliches Statistisches Bureau XII 1885"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bitzen'')</small> * [[Blatmarisheimum]]<ref>Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (s. f.). ''About: Lorsch Codex, no. 1234''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochborn'')</small> * [[Bochinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böchingen'')</small> * [[Bolandia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bolanden''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bolanne'')</small> * [[Bollanevilla]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bollendorf'')</small> * [[Bona Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bona Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gutweiler'')</small> * [[Boni Agri]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gutenacker'')</small> * [[Borlerium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898">Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz: Die Karte von 1789'' (Vol. 1 & 2). Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Karte von 1589 und die Erläuterungen von 1594. In Erläuterungen zum Geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz'' (Vol. 2). Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Borler'')</small> * [[Bovina (Nava)|Bovina]] <small>(ad [[Nava (flumen)|Navam]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Boos'')</small> * [[Braunshornium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Braunshorn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Brousert'')</small> * [[Bredallum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Briedel'')</small> * [[Breidena]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Briedern'')</small> * [[Bremba]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bremm'')</small> * [[Bretzenheimum ad Navam]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bretzenheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Brätzenem'')</small> * [[Briedina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brieden'')</small> * [[Briminga]]<ref name="Linden 1852">Linden, I. (1852). ''Hierarchia Trevirensis: Catalogus omnium ecclesiarum et cleri dioecesis Trevirensis''. Ex Officina Typographica B. Herder.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brimingen'')</small> * [[Brinichum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brenk'')</small> * [[Brocscheidum]]<ref name="Schannat 1829">Schannat, I. F. (1829). ''Eiflia illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (G. Bärsch, Tranl.). Mayer. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brockscheid'')</small> * [[Brodenbacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brodenbach'')</small> * [[Brohla-Luezilinga]]<ref name="Brommer 2003">Brommer, P. (2003). ''Die Kanzlei der Erzbischöfe von Trier im 12. Jahrhundert''. Gesellschaft für Mittelrheinische Kirchengeschichte; et: Brommer, P. (2003). ''Inventar des Archivs der Stadt Cochem''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Verlag der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brohl-Lützing'')</small> * [[Bruchamulbacum-Misavia]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchmühlbach-Miesau'')</small> * [[Bruchertseifia]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchertseifen'')</small> * [[Bruchwilarius-Berenbacum]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchweiler-Bärenbach'')</small> * [[Brucusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchhausen'')</small> * [[Brula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brohl'')</small> * [[Brunswillarium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brauweiler'')</small> * [[Bruo]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brey'')</small> * [[Bruscheida]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruschied'')</small> * [[Bruttigum-Fancale]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruttig-Fankel'')</small> * [[Bubacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bubach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bobach'')</small> * [[Bubenheimium (Hassia Rhenana)|Bubenheimium]]<ref name="Brilmayer 1905">Brilmayer, K. I. (1905). ''Rheinhessen in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart''. [[Giessa]]e: Roth.</ref> <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bubenheim'')</small> * [[Bubonum Villa (Palatinatus)|Bubonum Villa]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bubenheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Buwerum'')</small> * [[Bubura]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buborn'')</small> * [[Budonis Villa]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Büdesheim'')</small> * [[Buidonivilla]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bobenheim am Berg'')</small> * [[Bulenberga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buhlenberg'')</small> * [[Bulichum]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beulich'')</small> * [[Bulleia]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bullay'')</small> * [[Bundenbachium]]<ref name="Cellarius 1706">Cellarius, C. (1706). ''Notitia Orbis Antiqui, sive Geographia Plenior: ab ortu rerumpublicarum ad Constantinorum tempora''. Gleditsch.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Großbundenbach'')</small> * [[Bundenbachum Minus]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinbundenbach'')</small> * [[Bunglum (Mosella)|Bunglum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bengel'')</small> * [[Burgus (Mosella)|Burgus]] <small>(ad [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosellam]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burg'')</small> * [[Burgus (Mosella Inferior)|Burgus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(ad [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosellam Inferiorem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgen'')</small> * [[Burgus (Eiflia)|Burgus]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burg'')</small> * [[Burgus (prope Bernicastellum-Cusam)|Burgus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(prope [[Bernicastellum-Cusam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Marx 1905"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgen'')</small> * [[Burovillare]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burrweiler'')</small> * [[Burtscheidium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burtscheid'')</small> * [[Buveza]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Boos'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Cabusvillerium]]<ref name="Frey I 1836">Frey, M. (1836). ''Die Statistisch-Historische Beschreibung des königlich bayerischen Rheinkreises'' (Vol. 1). [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]]: F. C. Neidhard.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kapsweyer'')</small> * [[Cadena (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Cadena]]<ref>Verbandsgemeinde Westerburg (2024). ''Kaden: Ortsgemeinde im Westerwaldkreis''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaden'')</small> * [[Caefenhemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaifenheim'')</small> * [[Caela]]<ref name="">Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz (2021). ''Jahrbuch für westdeutsche Landesgeschichte'' (Vol. 47). [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Verlag der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kail'')</small> * [[Caeshofium]]<ref name="Toepke II 1884">Toepke, G. (1884). ''Die Matrikel der Universität Heidelberg von 1386 bis 1662'' (Vol. 2). [[Heidelberga]]e: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Käshofen'')</small> * [[Cagelenstadium]]<ref name="Schoepflin I 1772">Schoepflin, J. D. (1772). ''Alsatia Illustrata: Germanica Gallica'' (Vol. 1). [[Colmaria]]e: Ex Typographia Regia.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kallstadt'')</small> * [[Calcefurnium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalkofen'')</small> * [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium]]<ref name="Oediger II 1954">Oediger, F. W. (1954). ''Die Regesten der Erzbischöfe von Köln im Mittelalter'' (Vol. 2). Bonnae: Hanstein.</ref> <small>(prope [[Ara (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Aram]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalenborn'')</small> * [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(prope [[Caesariacum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalenborn'')</small> * [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern'')</small> * [[Caltenengersium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaltenengers'')</small> * [[Caltenholzhusa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaltenholzhausen'')</small> * [[Caltum]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kalt'')</small> * [[Camesa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kanzem'')</small> * [[Caminus Picis (Palatinatus)|Caminus Picis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechhofen'')</small> * [[Campenichium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kempenich'')</small> * [[Campifelda]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kempfeld''; [[Hunnice]] ''Käfeld'' seu ''Kerf'ld'')</small> * [[Campus Animalium]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dierfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Baierorum et Steckweilerum]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/><ref name="Widder 1788">Widder, J. G. (1788). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine'' (Vol 1 ad 4). Francofurti et Lipsiae.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bayerfeld-Steckweiler'')</small> * [[Campus Balesii]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750">Hontheim, N. (1750). ''Historia Trevirensis diplomatica et pragmatica''. Apud viduam et filium Joannis Gulielmi Huisch.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Balesfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Bettonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bettenfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Bonini]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bonefeld'')</small> * [[Campus-Bornhofium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="">Dahlow, V. (1884). ''Das Kapuzinerkloster zu Bornhofen: Seine Geschichte und seine Gnadenstätte''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]]: Paulinus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kamp-Bornhofen'')</small> * [[Campus Caprarum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geisfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Curiae (Eiflia)|Campus Curiae]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hoffeld'')</small> * [[Campus Dedinis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deudesfeld''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Deisseld'')</small> * [[Campus Eritii]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ersfeld'')</small> * [[Campus et Mons]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großkampenberg'')</small> * [[Campus Flammingi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flammersfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Friscanis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freckenfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Indaginis (Palatinatus)|Campus Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hainfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Pineus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fürfeld'')</small> * [[Campus Speltae]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harspelt'')</small> * [[Campus Vallis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Campus Vallis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dellfeld'')</small> * [[Cana (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Cana]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Caan'')</small> * [[Canapa-Labachium]]<ref name="Bannister 1915">Bannister, A. T. (1915). ''The Place-Names of Herefordshire: Their Origin and Development''. Cambridge University Press.</ref><ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Knopp-Labach'')</small> * [[Capella (Tergum Caninum)|Capella]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kappel''; [[Hunnice]] ''Kabbel'')</small> * [[Capella (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Capella]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kappeln'')</small> * [[Capella-Drusvillare]]<ref name="Historischer Verein der Pfalz XIV 1890">Historischer Verein der Pfalz (1890). ''Mitteilungen des Historischen Vereins der Pfalz'' (Vol. 14). [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]]: Gilardone.</ref><ref name="Zeuss 1842">Zeuss, K. (1842). ''Traditiones possessionesque Wizenburgenses: Codices duo cum supplemento''. [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]]: Libraria Zu-Schannat.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kapellen-Drusweiler'')</small> * [[Caperichium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaperich'')</small> * [[Capitalis Cathedra]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hauptstuhl'')</small> * [[Carbachium (Tergum Caninum)|Carbachium]]<ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Karbach'')</small> * [[Carla (Eiflia)|Carla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Karl''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Koahl'')</small> * [[Carolihusium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Karlshausen''; [[Luxemburgice]] ''Korelsen'')</small> * [[Carolobachium Minus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinkarlbach'')</small> * [[Carolomontium (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Carolomontium]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Charlottenberg'')</small> * [[Carolomontium (Circulus terrae Turingensis)|Carolomontium]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Turingensis|Circulo terrae Turingensi]]<ref name="CTTuringensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Turingensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Bad Dürkheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Turingensis-e" ad [[Turingum]] refertur.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Carlsberg'')</small> * [[Carpenium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerpen'')</small> * [[Casa Bubonum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Börfink'')</small> * [[Casae ad Montem (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Casae ad Montem]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berghausen'')</small> * [[Casae Beionis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Beinhausen'')</small> * [[Casae Bennonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bennhausen''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bennese'')</small> * [[Casae Bergonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bergenhausen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bärjehouse'')</small> * [[Casae Berizonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berzhausen'')</small> * [[Casae Bidari]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biedershausen'')</small> * [[Casae Faginae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Büchenbeuren''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bischebäjere'')</small> * [[Casbachium-Olenbergium]]<ref name="Oediger II 1954"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kasbach-Ohlenberg'')</small> * [[Caschenbachium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaschenbach'')</small> * [[Casdorfium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kasdorf'')</small> * [[Caseifelda]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kesfeld'')</small> * [[Casella (prope Augustam Treverorum)|Casella]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kasel''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Kosel'')</small> * [[Casloaca]]<ref>Vide: Regionalgeschichte.net (2024). ''Kesseling - Benediktinerpropstei''; ubi dicitur "(...) Kesseling (...) "Monasterium quod vocatur Casloaca" (...)".</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kesseling'')</small> * [[Castanidum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kesten'')</small> * [[Castellum-Stadium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Brommer 2003"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kastel-Staadt'')</small> * [[Castrum Brule]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgbrohl'')</small> * [[Castrum Gaudii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freudenburg'')</small> * [[Castrum Larae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burglahr'')</small> * [[Casturtium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kestert'')</small> * [[Casulae Puerorum]]<ref name="Beyer II 1865">Beyer, H. (1865). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 2). [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kinderbeuern'')</small> * [[Cattibachium]]<ref name="Widder III 1787"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzenbach'')</small> * [[Catzvillerium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzweiler'')</small> * [[Catzvinkelium (Segaha)|Catzvinkelium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(ad [[Segaha]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzwinkel'')</small> * [[Causenium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kausen'')</small> * [[Cazvinkelium (Eiflia)|Cazvinkelium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Katzwinkel'')</small> * [[Cella ad Lacum]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kell am See'')</small> * [[Cervicampus (Tergum Caninum)|Cervicampus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschfeld''; [[Hunnice]] ''Heerschfeld'')</small> * [[Cervicornu (Palatinatus)|Cervicornu]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschhorn/Pfalz'')</small> * [[Cervimontium (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Cervimontium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschberg'')</small> * [[Cervivallis (Palatinatus)|Cervivallis]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirschthal'')</small> * [[Clarus Rivus (Eiflia)|Clarus Rivus]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren 1830">Binterim, A. J., & Mooren, J. H. (1830). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiöcese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung und jetzigen Verfassung''. Simon Müller.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gladbach'')</small> * [[Clausa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Clausa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Clausen'')</small> * [[Clausura Eberhardi]]<ref name="Blackie 1887">Blackie, C. (1887). ''A Dictionary of Place-Names Giving Their Derivations''. John Murray.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Klausen'')</small> * [[Clenichium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinich'')</small> * [[Clidinga]]<ref name="Marx II 1843"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kliding'')</small> * [[Clinga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Klingenmünster'')</small> * [[Clottena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Klotten'')</small> * [[Cludenbachium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kludenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Klurebach'')</small> * [[Cluziradum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Klüsserath'')</small> * [[Cnittelshemium]]<ref name="Baudrand 1682">Baudrand, M. A. (1682). ''Geographia ordine litterarum disposita''. (Vol. 1). Apud Johannem Martyn.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Knittelsheim'')</small> * [[Cnoringa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Knöringen'')</small> * [[Colli Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Colli Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Halsdorf'')</small> * [[Collis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Collis]]<ref name="Wasserzieher 1927">Wasserzieher, E. (1927). ''Hans und Grete: Eine Einführung in die Studium der deutschen Personennamen''. Ferdinand Dümmler Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Büchel'')</small> * [[Collis Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenbeul'')</small> * [[Collis Hassonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hatzenbühl'')</small> * [[Concha Sanctorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heiligenmoschel'')</small> * [[Condate Vicus]]<ref name="Condate Vicus">Vide [https://www.gemeinde-contwig.de/index.php/ortsgeschichte ''Gemeinde Contwig''], ubi dicitur "(...) Namen „condate vicus“ (oder ähnlich) erhielt (...)".</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Contwig'')</small> * [[Contrava]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gondorf'')</small> * [[Conventus de Cumbda]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Klosterkumbd''; [[Hunnice]] ''Klosderkuhm'')</small> * [[Cunisbacum]]<ref name="Frey I 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kindsbach'')</small> * [[Cunnenhemium]]<ref name="Widder III 1787"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kindenheim''; [[Palatinice]]; ''Kinnerem'')</small> * [[Curia (Occidentalis Silva)|Curia]]<ref name="Stein 1827">Stein, F. (1827). ''Annalen des Vereins für Nassauische Altertumskunde und Geschichtsforschung''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hof'')</small> * [[Curia Dominicalis]]<ref name="Simmern-Rheinböllen 2024">Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen (2024). ''Ortsgemeinde Fronhofen''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Fronhofen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Fronhuwe'')</small> * [[Curia Vulpis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fuchshofen'')</small> * [[Curiae Arnonis]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Arnshöfen'')</small> * [[Curtes Dissonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dessighofen''; dialectaliter ''Dessje'')</small> * [[Curtes Endlichonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Endlichhofen'')</small> * [[Curtis Ferrea]]<ref name="Meisner 1623"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisighofen'')</small> * [[Curtes Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hanhofen'')</small> * [[Curva (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Curva]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirf'')</small> * [[Curvatura Arboris]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hentern'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dackenheimium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dackenheim'')</small> * [[Dackscheidium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dackscheid'')</small> * [[Daleidium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Daleiden'')</small> * [[Dancano]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahnen'')</small> * [[Datinberga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dattenberg'')</small> * [[Decima (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Decima]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Detzem'')</small> * [[Deesenum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deesen'')</small> * [[Deinspure]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Densborn'')</small> * [[Dernavia]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernau'')</small> * [[Derschenum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Derschen'')</small> * [[Deslochium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Desloch'')</small> * [[Dichotoma Silva]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Habscheid'')</small> * [[Dicio Hassonis]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Haserich'')</small> * [[Dieblichum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dieblich'')</small> * [[Difficilis Scissus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bisterschied'')</small> * [[Dilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dimbach'')</small> * [[Didonevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dingdorf'')</small> * [[Dimidia Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Halbs'')</small> * [[Discidium Haris (prope Adenovam)|Discidium Haris]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Amplum (Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis)|Discrimen Amplum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis|Circulo terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae"/><ref>Nomen Latinum completum "Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis".</ref><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitscheidt'')</small> * [[Discrimen Amplum (Occidentalis Silva)|Discrimen Amplum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Amplum (Tergum Caninum)|Discrimen Amplum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Aquarum]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Euscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Dammae]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Damscheid''; [[Hunnice]] ''Domschiehd'')</small> * [[Discrimen Darsonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Darscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Exustum (Eiflia)|Discrimen Exustum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brandscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Exustum (Occidentalis Silva)|Discrimen Exustum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brandscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Ignis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feuerscheid'')</small> * [[Discrimen Spissum]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dickenschied''; [[Hunnice]] ''Diggeschiehd'')</small> * [[Divortium (Tergum Caninum)|Divortium]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bescheid''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Baäschd'')</small> * [[Divortium Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berscheid'')</small> * [[Docconis Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dockweiler'')</small> * [[Docconisvilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dockendorf'')</small> * [[Dommari Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dommershausen''; dialectaliter [[Hunnice]] ''Dommasch'')</small> * [[Domus (ad Wedam)|Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(ad [[Weda]]m)<ref name="Weda">[http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/orblatw.html www.columbia.edu]</ref></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausen'')</small> * [[Domus (Tergum Caninum)|Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausen'')</small> * [[Domus Agilonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellenhausen''; dialectaliter ''Ellehouse'')</small> * [[Domus Ansonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ensheim'')</small> * [[Domus Argis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ergeshausen'')</small> * [[Domus Arzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erzenhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Azonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Essenheim'')</small> * [[Domus Candida (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus Candida]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bleckhausen''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Blääkes'')</small> * [[Domus Catenatae]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kettenhausen''; dialectaliter ''Kerressen'')</small> * [[Domus Davilonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dauwelshausen'')</small> * [[Domus Ebichonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ewighausen''; dialectaliter ''Iwichhouse'')</small> * [[Domus Emmerici]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Emmerzhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Eppilonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppelsheim'')</small> * [[Domus Erpfolvi]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erpolzheim'')</small> * [[Domus Etichonis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus Etichonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ettinghausen'')</small> * [[Domus Hargeri]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hargesheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hajesimm'')</small> * [[Domus Harichi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916">Förstemann, E. (1916). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen und sonstige geographische Namen'' (Vol. 2, 3ª ed.). [[Bonna]]e: P. Hanstein.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Harxheim'')</small> * [[Domus Henrici (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus Henrici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heinzenhausen'')</small> * [[Domus Hilderedi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hellertshausen'')</small> * [[Domus in Eiflia]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausten'')</small> * [[Domus in Saepto Scisso]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heckhuscheid'')</small> * [[Domus in Silva (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Domus in Silva]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harthausen'')</small> * [[Domus Silvestres in Ericeto]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzhausen an der Haide'')</small> * [[Domus Tabulata]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bretthausen'')</small> * [[Dossinhusa]]<ref name="Moos & Kober 2009">Moos, P. S., & Kober, K. (2009). ''Die Geschichte von Dachsenhausen''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Dachsenhausen'')</small> * [[Dreisa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dreisa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Drees'')</small> * [[Dudonis Castrum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dodenburg'')</small> * [[Dudonis Curtes]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dudenhofen'')</small> * [[Dudonis Novale]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Duchroth'')</small> * [[Dulgisvilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dolgesheim'')</small> * [[Dunechinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Düngenheim'')</small> * [[Dunonis Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dunzweiler'')</small> * [[Duodelonis Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dudeldorf'')</small> * [[Dura Petra (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Dura Petra]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hartenfels''; dialectaliter ''Harbels'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Eberhardi Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ebertshausen'')</small> * [[Eberolfidomus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ebertsheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Ewwertsem'' seu ''Ewwertzum'')</small> * [[Ecclesia ad Eybam]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kircheib'')</small> * [[Ecclesia ad Saram]]<ref name="Oediger I 1961">Oediger, F. W. (1961). ''Das Bistum Köln von den Anfängen bis zum Ende des 12. Jahrhunderts'' (Geschichte des Erzbistums Köln, Vol. 1). [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]: J.P. Bachem.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchsahr'')</small> * [[Ecclesiae Castrum]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirburg''; dialectaliter ''Kirbursch'' seu ''Kirberich'')</small> * [[Ecclesiae Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Ecclesiae Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchheim an der Weinstraße'')</small> * [[Egihari Villare]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckersweiler'')</small> * [[Egili Divisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eilscheid'')</small> * [[Egla (Germania)|Egla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ayl'')</small> * [[Eichana]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eich'')</small> * [[Eichelhardia]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898">Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. [[Bonna]]e: Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz''. Behrend & Co; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Karte von der Grafschaft Sponheim: Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz''. Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Das Pfälzische Oberamt Zweibrücken: Ein Beitrag zur geschichtlichen Landeskunde''. Westpfälzische Verlagsdruckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eichelhardt'')</small> * [[Ekkilonis Domus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckelsheim'')</small> * [[Elbinga (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Elbinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elbingen'')</small> * [[Elira (Tergum Caninum)|Elira]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellern''; [[Hunnice]] ''Ellere'')</small> * [[Elisapha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elsoff'')</small> * [[Ellentia-Poltervilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellenz-Poltersdorf'')</small> * [[Enchiriacus Vicus]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enkirch''; [[Hunnice]] ''Engerisch'')</small> * [[Enkenbacum-Alisontia Fons]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enkenbach-Alsenborn'')</small> * [[Enselinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eßlingen'')</small> * [[Enspila]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enspel'')</small> * [[Enzena (Eiflia)|Enzena]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Enzen'')</small> * [[Episcopi Domus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Episcopi Domus]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bischheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bischem'')</small> * [[Episcopi Mons (Nava)|Episcopi Mons]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frauenberg'')</small> * [[Epponis Fons]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppenbrunn'')</small> * [[Era (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Era]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehr'')</small> * [[Erbes-Budesheimium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erbes-Büdesheim'')</small> * [[Erela]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irrel''; dialectaliter ''Eardel'')</small> * [[Ericetum Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenheide'')</small> * [[Ermeniacum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irmenach'')</small> * [[Erneza]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ernst'')</small> * [[Erphowilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erfweiler'')</small> * [[Estor]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Esthal''; [[Palatinice]] ''Eschdl'')</small> * [[Ethigira et Alara]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ediger-Eller'')</small> * [[Etichovilla]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etteldorf'')</small> * [[Ettringium (Eiflia)|Ettringium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ettringen'')</small> * [[Eulgemium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eulgem'')</small> * [[Excelsa Devexitas]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohenöllen'')</small> * [[Excelsum Villare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höheischweiler'')</small> * [[Excelsus Scopulus-Essingia]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/><ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohenfels-Essingen'')</small> * [[Exstirpatio Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berndroth'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fachbachium]]<ref name="BÄr 1891">Bär, M. (1891). ''Die Behördenverfassung der Rheinprovinz seit 1815''. [[Bonna]]e, in Germania: Max Cohen & Sohn.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Fachbach'')</small> * [[Fagetum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Fagetum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buchet'')</small> * [[Fagus (Taunus)|Fagus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Taunus mons|Tauno]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Buch'')</small> * [[Fagus (Tergum Caninum)|Fagus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Buch''; [[Hunnice]] ''Booch'')</small> * [[Fagus Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hambuch'')</small> * [[Faidia]]<ref name="Statistisches Landesamt 2024">Statistisches Landesamt Rheinland-Pfalz. (2024). ''Bevölkerungsstand von Land, Landkreisen, Gemeinden und Verbandsgemeinden''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Faid'')</small> * [[Falconis Petra (Palatinatus)|Falconis Petra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Falkenstein''; [[Palatinice]] ''Falgestää'')</small> * [[Fela et Villa Ritizonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fehl-Ritzhausen''; dialectaliter ''Feel-R’tshause'')</small> * [[Ferrifodina (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Ferrifodina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eisenschmitt'')</small> * [[Filsena]]<ref name="BÄr 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Filsen'')</small> * [[Fischlinga Minor]]<ref name="Zölch 2012">Zölch, T. (2012). ''Die Bischöfe von Speyer zur Zeit Kaiser Friedrichs II''. [[Universitas Ruperto-Carola Heidelbergensis]].</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinfischlingen'')</small> * [[Flexus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Flexus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bogel'')</small> * [[Flexus Rheni]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hamm am Rhein'')</small> * [[Flisima]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fließem'')</small> * [[Fluderscha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fluterschen'')</small> * [[Fluxus Dammae]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Damflos'')</small> * [[Fons Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bereborn'')</small> * [[Fons Boeri]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Börsborn'')</small> * [[Fons Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heimborn'')</small> * [[Fons Fluvius]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flomborn'')</small> * [[Fons Herii (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Fons Herii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herborn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Herwerre'')</small> * [[Fons Tumuli]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böllenborn'')</small> * [[Fontes Frigidi (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Fontes Frigidi]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kaltenborn'')</small> * [[Forstium (Eiflia)|Forstium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier Speyer 2024">Bistumsarchiv Trier. (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Castor (Binningen/Forst)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier; et: Bistumsarchiv Trier. (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Castor (Mörsdorf/Forst)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier. (</ref> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst'')</small> * [[Forstium (Tergum Caninum)|Forstium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier Speyer 2024"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst''; [[Hunnice]] ''Forschd'')</small> * [[Forstium (prope Wissenam ad Segam)|Forstium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier 2026">Bistumsarchiv Trier. (2026). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Sebastian (Wissen/Forst)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier.</ref> <small>(prope [[Wissena ad Segam|Wissenam ad Segam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst'')</small> * [[Forstium ad Viam Vinariam]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Speyer 2024">Bistumsarchiv Speyer. (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Margaretha (Forst)''. [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Speyer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Forst an der Weinstraße'')</small> * [[Fraxinetum ad Salmam]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(prope [[Vitelliacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Esch'')</small> * [[Fraxinetum Eifliense]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(prope [[Gerolstenium]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Esch'')</small> * [[Fraxinibachium (Palatinatus Occidentalis)|Fraxinibachium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu Occidentali]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Aschbach'')</small> * [[Fraxinibachium (Tergum Caninum)|Fraxinibachium]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Asbach'')</small> * [[Fraxinorivus (prope Nastadium)|Fraxinorivus]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(prope [[Nastadium]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Eschbach'')</small> * [[Fraxinorivus Palatinus]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Eschbach'')</small> * [[Frohnhofenium]]<ref name="BÄr 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frohnhofen'')</small> * [[Fructus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Fructus]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frücht'')</small> * [[Fundus (Occidentalis Silva)|Fundus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Boden'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Gammina]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gamlen'')</small> * [[Gapinacha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gappenach'')</small> * [[Gefellium (Eiflia)|Gefellium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier Gefell (2024)">Bistumsarchiv Trier (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis der Pfarrei St. Hubertus (Gefell)''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]], in Germania: Archiv des Bistums Trier.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gefell'')</small> * [[Geichlinga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geichlingen'')</small> * [[Geisigium]]<ref name="Bistum Limburg 2024">Bistum Limburg (2024). ''Kirchenbuchverzeichnis des Diözesanarchivs Limburg''. [[Limburgum ad Lahnam|Limburgi ad Lahnam]], in Germania: Diözesanarchiv.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Geisig'')</small> * [[Gelerotha]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gieleroth'')</small> * [[Gelisheimia]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gilzem'')</small> * [[Gembrica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemmerich'')</small> * [[Gemundia (Oura)|Gemundia]]<ref name="Longnon 1915">Longnon, A. (1915). ''Pouillés de la province de Trèves''. Imprimerie Nationale.</ref> <small>(ad [[Oura (Sura)|Ouram]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemünd'')</small> * [[Gemundia (Occidentalis Silva)|Gemundia]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemünden'')</small> * [[Gemundia (Tergum Caninum)|Gemundia]]<ref name="Zwiebelberg 1970">Zwiebelberg, W. (1970). ''Das alte Gemünden''. Harald Boldt Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gemünden''; [[Hunnice]] ''Geminne'')</small> * [[Gensina]]<ref name="Glöckner III 1933"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gensingen'')</small> * [[Georgii Villa (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Georgii Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Görgeshausen'')</small> * [[Geraha (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Geraha]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gerisch'')</small> * [[Gerardi Fons]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891">Fabricius, W. (1891). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. [[Bonna]]e: Behrend & Co.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerhardsbrunn'')</small> * [[Gerardshusium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Giershausen'')</small> * [[Gerbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerbach'')</small> * [[Gergeroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Girkenroth'')</small> * [[Geringa]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gering'')</small> * [[Gerolsheimia]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gerolsheim'')</small> * [[Gevenichum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gevenich'')</small> * [[Geysinhusium]]<ref name="Trautmann 2001">Trautmann, D. (2001). ''Bilder, Geschichten und Nachrichten aus über 700 Jahren Giesenhausen''. Vetere Ecclesia.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Giesenhausen'')</small> * [[Gichelinga]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860">Beyer, H., Eltester, L., & Goerz, A. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Treves bildenden Mittelrheinischen Territorien''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gentingen'')</small> * [[Gielertum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gielert'')</small> * [[Gierschnacum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gierschnach'')</small> * [[Gildensburna]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gillenbeuren'')</small> * [[Gillenfeldia]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gillenfeld''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Jillwed'')</small> * [[Gimbsheimia]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gimbsheim'')</small> * [[Gindorfium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gindorf'')</small> * [[Gipperatha]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gipperath'')</small> * [[Giroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Girod'')</small> * [[Gisina Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Giesdorf'')</small> * [[Glanna]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenglan'')</small> * [[Glensa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Glees'')</small> * [[Glisweilerum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gleisweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Glääswoiler'')</small> * [[Glizicella-Horbacum]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/><ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gleiszellen-Gleishorbach'')</small> * [[Godenroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gödenroth''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gerad'')</small> * [[Godhardi Novale]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Goddert''; dialectaliter ''Gorert'')</small> * [[Goecklingia]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Göcklingen''; [[Palatinice]] ''Gecklinge'')</small> * [[Gommersheimum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gommersheim'')</small> * [[Gondenbrettum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gondenbrett'')</small> * [[Goenhemium]]<ref name="Baur 1862">Baur, L. (1862). ''Hessische Urkunden: Aus dem Grossherzoglich Hessischen Haus- und Staatsarchive''. [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]]: Verlag von Jonghaus.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gönnheim'')</small> * [[Goennersdorfium (Eiflia)|Goennersdorfium]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gönnersdorf'')</small> * [[Goennersdorfium (prope Aquas Brisiacenses)|Goennersdorfium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(prope [[Aquae Brisiacenses|Aquas Brisiacenses]]<ref name="Peutinger 1888"/></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Gönnersdorf'')</small> * [[Gornhausium]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gornhausen'')</small> * [[Gozerswillare-Lapis]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/><ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gossersweiler-Stein'')</small> * [[Graca ad Mosellam]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Graach an der Mosel'')</small> * [[Grandesdorpum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gransdorf'')</small> * [[Gransifenium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großseifen''; dialectaliter: ''Großseife'')</small> * [[Greimersburgum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Greimersburg'')</small> * [[Grenderiacum]]<ref name="Ortsgemeinde Grenderich (2024)">Ortsgemeinde Grenderich (2024). ''Ortsgeschichte – Gemeinde Grenderich''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grenderich''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gränerisch'')</small> * [[Griesa (Palatinatus)|Griesa]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gries'')</small> * [[Grimburgum]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Grimburg'')</small> * [[Grimolderoda (Eiflia)|Grimolderoda]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Greimerath'')</small> * [[Grimoldesroda (prope Augustam Treverorum)|Grimoldesroda]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(prope [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustam Treverorum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Greimerath'')</small> * [[Grolshemium]]<ref name="Saur 1594">Saur, A. (1594). ''Theatrum Urbium: Contrafeytung und Beschreibung der vornembsten Stätte, Schlösser und Festungen''. Nicolaus Basseus.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Grolsheim'')</small> * [[Guckhemium]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Guckheim'')</small> * [[Guckingium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gückingen'')</small> * [[Gumbacum]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gonbach'')</small> * [[Gumonis Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gumbsheim'')</small> * [[Gumpwillare]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gimbweiler'')</small> * [[Gundahari Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gundersheim'')</small> * [[Gunderathium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gunderath'')</small> * [[Gundeswillare]]<ref name="Beyer & Eltester & Goerz 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ginsweiler'')</small> * [[Gundonis Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gundheim'')</small> * [[Gunterespumario]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Guntersblum'')</small> * [[Guntershusium]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gondershausen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gundersch'')</small> * [[Gurgitis Campus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dümpelfeld'')</small> * [[Gusenburgium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gusenburg'')</small> * [[Gussenroda]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gösenroth''; [[Hunnice]] ''Geserd'')</small> * [[Gusterathium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gusterath''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Göstert'')</small> * [[Gylnheimum]]<ref name="Gemeinde Göllheim">Gemeinde Göllheim. (s.f.). ''Göllheims Geschichte''. Göllheim.de.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Göllheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Gellem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hackonis Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hackenheim'')</small> * [[Hahnstadium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnstätten'')</small> * [[Hainavia]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hainau'')</small> * [[Hano]]<ref name="Waitz 1879">Waitz, G. (Ed.) (1879). ''Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Diplomatum Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Höhn'')</small> * [[Hanum (Tergum Caninum)|Hanum]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahn'')</small> * [[Hanum ad Lacum]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahn am See'')</small> * [[Hanum prope Mariambergam]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahn bei Marienberg''; dialectaliter ''Hoh'')</small> * [[Hasbacum ad Montem Sancti Remigii]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Haschbach am Remigiusberg'')</small> * [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hasborn'')</small> * [[Hattertum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hattert'')</small> * [[Haurothum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hauroth'')</small> * [[Heckenmuensterium]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heckenmünster'')</small> * [[Heddertum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heddert'')</small> * [[Helonze]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ehlenz'')</small> * [[Herdiga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirten'')</small> * [[Hergenfeldia]]<ref>Ortsgemeinde Hergenfeld. (s. f.). ''Geschichte der Gemeinde Hergenfeld''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hergenfeld'')</small> * [[Hergenroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''Glossarium: Latin-German Place Names''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hergenroth'')</small> * [[Hergersvillare]]<ref name="Verbandsgemeinde Kandel 2013">Verbandsgemeinde Kandel. (2013). ''Statistik und Geschichte der Ortsgemeinden''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hergersweiler'')</small> * [[Herisdorfium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hersdorf'')</small> * [[Herla]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Diplomata">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''Diplomata Otto II''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Herl''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Herdel'')</small> * [[Hermersberga]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hermersberg'')</small> * [[Heroldia]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herold'')</small> * [[Herpla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erpel'')</small> * [[Herresbacum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herresbach'')</small> * [[Herrsteinium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herrstein''; [[Hunnice]] ''Herrschid'' seu ''Herrschde'')</small> * [[Herschbacum (prope Saltrissam in Silva Occidentali)|Herschbacum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(prope [[Saltrissa in Silva Occidentali|Saltrissam in Silva Occidentali]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschbach'')</small> * [[Herschbacum (Occidentalis Silva Superior)|Herschbacum]] <small>(prope [[Vallemeroda]]m<ref name="Steininger 1836"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschbach'')</small> * [[Herschberga]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschberg'')</small> * [[Herschbroichum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschbroich'')</small> * [[Herschvillare-Pettershemium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Herschweiler-Pettersheim">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''About: Herschweiler-Pettersheim''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref><ref name="Knod I 1897">Knod, G. C. (Ed.) (1897). ''Die alten Matrikeln der Universität Strassburg 1621 bis 1793'' (Vol. 1).</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Herschweiler-Pettersheim'')</small> * [[Hertlinga]]<ref name="Beyer II 1874">Beyer, H. (1874). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 2). [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Hölscher.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Härtlingen'')</small> * [[Herxheimium ad Montem]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herxheim am Berg'')</small> * [[Herxheimium ad Vivarium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herxheimweyher'')</small> * [[Herxheimium prope Landaviam]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/><ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herxheim bei Landau/Pfalz''; [[Palatinice]] ''Herxe'')</small> * [[Herzfeldia (Eiflia)|Herzfeldia]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herzfeld'')</small> * [[Hessheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heßheim'')</small> * [[Hesvillare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hesweiler'')</small> * [[Hettenhusa (Palatinatus)|Hettenhusa]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hettenhausen'')</small> * [[Hettenleidelheimium]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hettenleidelheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Hettrum'')</small> * [[Hettenroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hettenrodt''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hetterd'' seu ''Hädderd'')</small> * [[Hetzeroda (Eiflia)|Hetzeroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hetzerath'')</small> * [[Heupelzena]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heupelzen'')</small> * [[Heuzerta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heuzert'')</small> * [[Hiberna Villa]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Güllesheim'')</small> * [[Hilgenroda]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilgenroth'')</small> * [[Hilgerta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilgert'')</small> * [[Hillesheimum (Hassia Rhenana)|Hillesheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hillesheim'')</small> * [[Hillscheidum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hillscheid'')</small> * [[Hilscheidum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilscheid'')</small> * [[Hilsta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hilst'')</small> * [[Himmighovium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Himmighofen'')</small> * [[Hintertiefenbachum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hintertiefenbach'')</small> * [[Hintervillare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinterweiler'')</small> * [[Hinzenburgum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinzenburg''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Henzebürch'')</small> * [[Hinzvillare]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinzweiler'')</small> * [[Hirza et Maulsbacum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hirz-Maulsbach'')</small> * [[Hochdorfium et Assenheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochdorf-Assenheim'')</small> * [[Hochscheidum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochscheid'')</small> * [[Hochstadium (Palatinatus)|Hochstadium]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochstadt''; [[Palatinice]] ''Houschd'')</small> * [[Hochstaetta]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochstätten'')</small> * [[Hoeringia]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höringen'')</small> * [[Hoffelera]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüffler'')</small> * [[Holenachum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hollnich''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hunelisch'')</small> * [[Holenbachium]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großholbach'')</small> * [[Holsthumium]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holsthum''; dialectaliter ''Holzem'')</small> * [[Hommerdingia]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hommerdingen'')</small> * [[Honerathum]]<ref name="Mercator 1630">Mercator, G. (1630). ''Atlas sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica Mundi et Fabricati Figura''. Sumptibus & typis aeneis Henrici Hondii.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Honerath'')</small> * [[Honthemium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hontheim'')</small> * [[Hopstadium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hoppstädten'')</small> * [[Hopstadium-Weiersbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hoppstädten-Weiersbach'')</small> * [[Horathun]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horath'')</small> * [[Horbacum (Occidentalis Silva)|Horbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbach'')</small> * [[Horbacum (Palatinatus)|Horbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbach'')</small> * [[Horbacum (prope Symeram)|Horbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(prope [[Symera]]m<ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbach'')</small> * [[Horbruchium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horbruch'')</small> * [[Hordtum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hördt'')</small> * [[Horhusa (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Horhusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horhausen'')</small> * [[Horhusa (Occidentalis Silva)|Horhusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Horhausen'')</small> * [[Hornbacum Antiquum]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Althornbach'')</small> * [[Hornum (Tergum Caninum)|Hornum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hoore'')</small> * [[Horperathum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horperath'')</small> * [[Horschbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horschbach'')</small> * [[Horscheidum]]<ref name="Schannat II 1794">Schannat, J. F. (1794). ''Eiflia Illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel'' (Vol. 2). [[Aquisgranum|Aquisgrani]]: Jakob Anton Mayer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hörscheid'')</small> * [[Horshusa]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hörschhausen'')</small> * [[Hortus Apium in Campo]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feilbingert'')</small> * [[Hortus Arborum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bongard'')</small> * [[Hortus Lineus (Eiflia)|Hortus Lineus]]<ref name="Schweitzer 2002">Schweitzer, P. P. (2002). ''Altdeutscher Wortschatz: Ein erklärendes Wörterbuch der mittelhochdeutschen Sprache''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hargarten'')</small> * [[Hortus Lintearius (Palatinatus)|Hortus Lintearius]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hallgarten'')</small> * [[Horweilerum]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Horrweiler'')</small> * [[Hostenum]]<ref name="Schannat II 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hosten'')</small> * [[Hottenbacum]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hottenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hoddebach'')</small> * [[Hovela]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hövels'')</small> * [[Hublingia]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüblingen'')</small> * [[Huchelheimum]]<ref name="Knod I 1897"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heuchelheim bei Frankenthal'')</small> * [[Huchilinheimum-Clinga]]<ref>Ortsgemeinde Heuchelheim-Klingen. (s. f.). ''Geschichte der Gemeinde''; et: Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). About: ''Klingen''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Heuchelheim-Klingen'')</small> * [[Huebingia]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hübingen'')</small> * [[Huetterscheidum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hütterscheid'')</small> * [[Huffelshemium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüffelsheim'')</small> * [[Hummelum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hümmel'')</small> * [[Hummerichum]] <small>(Theodisce ''H<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/>ümmerich'')</small> * [[Huncenrothum-Polrothum]]<ref>ORTSGEMEINDE HINZERT-PÖLERT. (s. f.). ''Geschichte der Gemeinde''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinzert-Pölert'')</small> * [[Hundsangia]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hundsangen'')</small> * [[Hundsbacum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hundsbach'')</small> * [[Hundsdorfium (Occidentalis Silva)|Hundsdorfium]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hundsdorf'')</small> * [[Hunfridesvillare]]<ref name="Dolch & Greule 1991"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hefersweiler'')</small> * [[Hungenrothum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hungenroth''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hunscherd'')</small> * [[Huninga (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Huninga]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hönningen'')</small> * [[Hunzella]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hunzel'')</small> * [[Hupperathum]]<ref name="Merian 1645 & 1646"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hupperath''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Hauperth'')</small> * [[Hutschenhusa]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hütschenhausen'')</small> * [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hütten'')</small> * [[Huttinga ad Kyllam]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüttingen an der Kyll'')</small> * [[Huttinga prope Laram]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hüttingen bei Lahr'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iacobi Villare (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Iacobi Villare]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jakobsweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Joxwiller'')</small> * [[Ibiscus (prope Saravicastrum)|Ibiscus]]<ref name="Müller 1915">Müller, M. (1915). ''Die Ortsnamen im Regierungsbezirk Trier''. F. Lintz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Irsch'')</small> * [[Icorigium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jünkerath'')</small> * [[Idenhemium]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Idenheim'')</small> * [[Ideshemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Idesheim'')</small> * [[Ieckenbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jeckenbach'')</small> * [[Iettenbacum (Palatinatus)|Iettenbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jettenbach'')</small> * [[Ilbeshemium (Circulus Montis Iovis)|Ilbeshemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Montis Iovis|Circulo Montis Iovis]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Ilbesheim'')</small> * [[Ilbeshemium prope Landavium]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ilbesheim bei Landau in der Pfalz'')</small> * [[Illericum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Illerich'')</small> * [[Immeradium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Immerath'')</small> * [[Immertum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Immert'')</small> * [[Immeshemium]]<ref name="Widder 1786">Widder, J. G. (1786). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Immesheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Immesem'')</small> * [[Imiciswilare]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Imsweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Imschwiller'')</small> * [[Impflingia]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Impflingen'')</small> * [[Imsbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Imsbach'')</small> * [[Indago ad Montem]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berzhahn'')</small> * [[Indago Apri]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ebernhahn'')</small> * [[Indago Frisonum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friesenhagen'')</small> * [[Indago Gebhardi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gebhardshain'')</small> * [[Indago Hildonius-Mons Scillonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hellenhahn-Schellenberg'')</small> * [[Indagovilla (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Indagovilla]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis|Circulo terrae Birkenfeldensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae"/><ref name="Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis"/><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnweiler'')</small> * [[Indagovilla (Circulus terrae Moguntiacensis et Bingensis)|Indagovilla]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Moguntiacensis et Bingensis|Circulo terrae Moguntiacensi et Bingensi]]<ref name="CTMEB">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Moguntiacensis et Bingensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Mainz-Bingen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Moguntiacensis-e" et "Bingensis-e" ad [[Moguntiacum]] et [[Binga]]m referuntur. Quibus de toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnheim'')</small> * [[Ingelbacum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ingelbach'')</small> * [[Ingendorfium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ingendorf'')</small> * [[Inshemium]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Insheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Isem'')</small> * [[Insula (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Insula]]<ref name="Bär 1905"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Insul'')</small> * [[Iockgrimium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jockgrim'')</small> * [[Ippenscheda]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ippenschied'')</small> * [[Irmtrauda]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irmtraut'')</small> * [[Irrhusium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Irrhausen'')</small> * [[Isenburgum (Occidentalis Silva)|Isenburgum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Isenburg'')</small> * [[Isertum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Isert'')</small> * [[Isselbacum]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Isselbach'')</small> * [[Iuckenium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jucken'')</small> * [[Iugenhemium in Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Widder III 1787">Widder, J. G. (1787). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine'' (Vol 3). Francofurti et Lipsiae.</ref><ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Jugenheim in Rheinhessen'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kannis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kenn'')</small> * [[Kedenhemium]]<ref name="Regionalgeschichte 2016">Regionalgeschichte.net (2016). ''Kettenheim: Geschichte der Ortsgemeinde''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kettenheim'')</small> * [[Kelbachium (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Kelbachium]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kehlbach'')</small> * [[Keidelheimium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Keidelheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Käillem'')</small> * [[Kellenbachium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kellenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Källebach'')</small> * [[Kemmenavia]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kemmenau'')</small> * [[Keppeshusa]]<ref name="Wampach I 1930">Wampach, C. (1930). ''Geschichte der Grundherrschaft Echternach im Mittelalter'' (Vol. 1). [[Luxemburgum (urbs)|Luxemburgi]]: Kaiser.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Keppeshausen'')</small> * [[Kerisbachium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirsbach'')</small> * [[Kerschenbachium]]<ref name="Bistumsarchiv Trier 2025">Bistumsarchiv Trier (2025). ''Inventar der katholischen Kirchenbücher des Bistums Trier''. [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]]: Bistumsarchiv.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerschenbach'')</small> * [[Kerzenhemium]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerzenheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Kerzrum'')</small> * [[Kescheidium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kescheid'')</small> * [[Kettigium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kettig'')</small> * [[Kickeshusa]]<ref name="Wampach 1930">Wampach, C. (1930). ''Geschichte der Grundherrschaft Echternach im Mittelalter: Quellenband'' (Vol. 1). [[Luxemburgum (urbs)|Luxemburgi]]: Kaiser.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kickeshausen'')</small> * [[Kinhemium]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kinheim'')</small> * [[Kinzenburgum]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kinzenburg'')</small> * [[Kirica (Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis)|Kirica]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis|Circulo terrae Magniacensi et Confluentensi]]<ref name="CTMEC"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kehrig'')</small> * [[Kirvillerium (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Kirvillerium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirrweiler'')</small> * [[Kirvillerium (Palatinatus)|Kirvillerium]]<ref name="Widder 1786"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirrweiler'')</small> * [[Kirvana]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kerben'')</small> * [[Klingelbachium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Klingelbach'')</small> * [[Kobern-Gondorf]] * [[Kölbingen]] * [[Kollig]] * [[Kollweiler]] * [[Kolverath]] * [[Kommen]] * [[Köngernheim]] * [[Königsau]] * [[Königsfeld (Eiflia)|Königsfeld]] * [[Konken]] * [[Kopp (Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae)|Kopp]] * [[Körborn]] * [[Kordel (Eiflia)|Kordel]] * [[Kördorf]] * [[Korlingen]] * [[Körperich]] * [[Korweiler]] * [[Kottenborn]] * [[Kottenheim]] * [[Kötterichen]] * [[Kottweiler-Schwanden]] * [[Köwerich]] * [[Koxhausen]] * [[Kraam]] * [[Kradenbach]] * [[Krähenberg]] * [[Kratzenburg]] * [[Krautscheid]] * [[Kreimbach-Kaulbach]] * [[Kretz]] * [[Krickenbach]] * [[Kriegsfeld]] * [[Kronweiler]] * [[Kroppach]] * [[Kröppen]] * [[Krottelbach]] * [[Kröv]] * [[Kruchten]] * [[Kruft]] * [[Krümmel (Occidentalis Silva)|Krümmel]] * [[Krummenau (Tergum Caninum)|Krummenau]] * [[Krunkel]] * [[Kuhardt]] * [[Kuhnhöfen]] * [[Külz (Tergum Caninum)]] * [[Kümbdchen]] * [[Kundert]] * [[Kurtscheid]] * [[Kyllburgweiler]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Lahr (Tergum Caninum)|Lahr]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Lambertsberg]] * [[Lambsborn]] * [[Lambsheim]] * [[Lampaden]] * [[Landkern]] * [[Landscheid]] * [[Langenbach bei Kirburg]] * [[Langenbach (Pfalz)|Langenbach]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Langenfeld (Eiflia)|Langenfeld]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Langenhahn]] * [[Langenlonsheim]] * [[Langenscheid]] * [[Langenthal (Tergum Caninum)|Langenthal]] * [[Langscheid (bei Mayen)|Langscheid]] * [[Langsur]] * [[Langweiler (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Langweiler]] <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> * [[Langweiler (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Langweiler]] <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> * [[Langwieden]] * [[Lara (Eiflia)|Lara]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Lascheid (Eiflia)|Lascheid]] * [[Lasel]] * [[Latitudo (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Latitudo]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breit'')</small> * [[Laubach (Eiflia)|Laubach]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Laubach (Tergum Caninum)|Laubach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Laubenheim]] * [[Laudert]] * [[Laufeld]] * [[Laufersweiler]] * [[Laumersheim]] * [[Lauperath]] * [[Laurenburg]] * [[Lauschied]] * [[Lautersheim]] * [[Lautert]] * [[Lautzenbrücken]] * [[Lautzenhausen]] * [[Lehmen]] * [[Leidenborn]] * [[Leienkaul]] * [[Leimbach (bei Adenau)|Leimbach]] <small>(bei Adenau)</small> * [[Leimbach (bei Neuerburg)|Leimbach]] <small>(bei Neuerburg)</small> * [[Leimen (Pfalz)|Leimen]] * [[Leimersheim]] * [[Leiningen (Tergum Caninum)|Leiningen]] * [[Leinsweiler]] * [[Leisel]] * [[Leitzweiler]] * [[Leiwen]] * [[Lemberg (Pfalz)|Lemberg]] * [[Lettweiler]] * [[Leubsdorf (am Rhein)|Leubsdorf]] * [[Leuterod]] * [[Leutesdorf]] * [[Lichtenborn]] * [[Liebenscheid]] * [[Liebshausen]] * [[Lieg]] * [[Lierfeld]] * [[Lierschied]] * [[Liesenich]] * [[Lieser (Gemeinde)|Lieser]] * [[Ließem (Eiflia)|Ließem]] * [[Limbach (bei Kirn)|Limbach]] <small>(bei Kirn)</small> * [[Limbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Limbach]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Lind (prope Aram)|Lind]] <small>(prope [[Ara (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Aram]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> * [[Lind (bei Mayen)|Lind]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Linden (Pfalz)|Linden]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Linden (Occidentalis Silva)|Linden]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Lindenberg (Pfalz)|Lindenberg]] * [[Lindenschied]] * [[Lingenfeld]] * [[Lingerhahn]] * [[Linkenbach]] * [[Lipporn]] * [[Lirstal]] * [[Lissendorf]] * [[Lochum]] * [[Locus Paludis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Börrstadt''; [[Palatanice]] ''Berrschdadd'')</small> * [[Löf]] * [[Lohnsfeld]] * [[Lohnweiler]] * [[Lohrheim]] * [[Löllbach]] * [[Lollschied]] * [[Longen]] * [[Longkamp]] * [[Longocampus Minor]]<ref name="Marx II 1843">Marx, J. (1843). ''Geschichte der Pfarreien der Diöcese Trier''. (Vol. 2). Paulinus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinlangenfeld'')</small> * [[Longuich]] * [[Longus Campus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Longus Campus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großlangenfeld'')</small> * [[Lonnig]] * [[Lonsheim]] * [[Lorscheid]] * [[Lörzweiler]] * [[Lösnich]] * [[Lötzbeuren]] * [[Luckenbach]] * [[Lückenburg]] * [[Ludwigshöhe]] * [[Ludwigswinkel]] * [[Lug (Pfalz)|Lug]] * [[Lünebach]] * [[Lustadt]] * [[Lütz]] * [[Lutzerath]] * [[Lützkampen]] * [[Luxem]] * [[Lykershausen]] {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Macken]] * [[Mackenbach]] * [[Mackenrodt]] * [[Magnum Carlobachium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großkarlbach'')</small> * [[Magnum Fischlingium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großfischlingen'')</small> * [[Magnum Liticium]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großlittgen''; dialectaliter [[Eiflice]] ''Gruhssleehtchen'')</small> * [[Magnum Steinhusium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großsteinhausen'')</small> * [[Mähren (Occidentalis Silva)|Mähren]] * [[Maikammer]] * [[Maisborn]] * [[Maischeidium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großmaischeid''; dialectaliter: ''Grußmäschd'' seu ''Mäschd'' seu ''Maischeid'')</small> * [[Maischeidum Minus]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinmaischeid'')</small> * [[Maitzborn]] * [[Malberg (Eiflia)|Malberg]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Malberg (Occidentalis Silva)|Malberg]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Malbergweich]] * [[Malborn]] * [[Malus Silvestris (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Malus Silvestris]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzappel'')</small> * [[Mammelzen]] * [[Mandel (Gemeinde)|Mandel]] * [[Mandern]] * [[Manderscheid (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Manderscheid]] <small>(in [[Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis|Circulo Eiflensi Bedensi et Prumiensi]]<ref name="CEBEP"/>)</small> * [[Mannebach (bei Saarburg)|Mannebach]] <small>(bei Saarburg)</small> * [[Mannebach (Eiflia)|Mannebach]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Mannweiler-Cölln]] * [[Manubach]] * [[Marienfels]] * [[Marienhausen]] * [[Marienrachdorf]] * [[Maring-Noviand]] * [[Marnheim]] * [[Maroth]] * [[Martinshöhe]] * [[Martinstein]] * [[Marzhausen (Westerwaldkreis)|Marzhausen]] * [[Masburg]] * [[Maßweiler]] * [[Mastershausen]] * [[Masthorn]] * [[Matzenbach]] * [[Matzerath]] * [[Mauchenheim]] * [[Mauden]] * [[Mauel]] * [[Mauschbach]] * [[Maxdorf]] * [[Maxsain]] * [[Mayschoß]] * [[Meckel]] * [[Meckenbach (prope Bircofeldam)|Meckenbach]] <small>(prope [[Birconfelda (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bircofeldam]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> * [[Meckenbach (bei Kirn)|Meckenbach]] <small>(bei Kirn)</small> * [[Meckenheim (Pfalz)|Meckenheim]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Medard (Glan)|Medard]] * [[Meddersheim]] * [[Meerfeld]] * [[Mehlbach]] * [[Mehlingen]] * [[Mehren (Eiflia)|Mehren]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Mehren (Occidentalis Silva)|Mehren]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Mehring (Mosel)|Mehring]] * [[Meinborn]] * [[Meisburg]] * [[Melsbach]] * [[Mengerschied]] * [[Menningen (an der Prüm)|Menningen]] * [[Merkelbach]] * [[Merlscheid (bei Pronsfeld)|Merlscheid]] * [[Mermuth]] * [[Merschbach]] * [[Mertesdorf]] * [[Mertesheim]] * [[Mertloch]] * [[Merxheim (Nahe)|Merxheim]] * [[Merzalben]] * [[Merzkirchen]] * [[Merzweiler]] * [[Mesenich]] * [[Messerich]] * [[Mettendorf (Eiflia)|Mettendorf]] * [[Mettenheim (Hassia Rhenana)|Mettenheim]] * [[Metterich]] * [[Mettweiler]] * [[Metzenhausen]] * [[Meudt]] * [[Meuspath]] * [[Michelbach (Tergum Caninum)|Michelbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Michelbach (Occidentalis Silva)]] * [[Miehlen]] * [[Miellen]] * [[Minden (Sauer)|Minden]] * [[Minderlittgen]] * [[Minfeld]] * [[Minheim]] * [[Misselberg]] * [[Mittelbrunn]] * [[Mittelfischbach]] * [[Mittelhof]] * [[Mittelreidenbach]] * [[Mittelstrimmig]] * [[Mogendorf]] * [[Mola Autumnalis]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herbstmühle'')</small> * [[Molsberg]] * [[Mölsheim]] * [[Molzhain]] * [[Mommenheim (Hassia Rhenana)|Mommenheim]] * [[Monachorum Villa ad Glanam]]<ref name="Weber 2012">Weber, H. (2012). ''Glan-Münchweiler''. Regionalgeschichte.net.</ref><ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Glan-Münchweiler'')</small> * [[Monreal]] * [[Mons (Palatinatus)|Mons]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Berg'')</small> * [[Mons (Taunus)|Mons]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Taunus mons|Tauno]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Berg'')</small> * [[Mons (prope Arvilare)|Mons]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(prope [[Arvilare]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Berg'')</small> * [[Mons Alachonis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Alachonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ellenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Altissimus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Altissimus]]<ref>''Ortsgemeinde Höchstberg'' (s. f.)</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Höchstberg'')</small> * [[Mons Altus (Occidentalis Silva)|Mons Altus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Homberg'')</small> * [[Mons Aureus (prope Bircofeldam)|Mons Aureus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gollenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Basii]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Basberg'')</small> * [[Mons Battonis (Palatinatus)|Mons Battonis]] <small>(Theodisce ''Battenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Bilonis]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999">Gensicke, H. (1999). Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes (3 ed.). [[Aquae Mattiacae|Aquis Mattiacis]]: Veröffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission für Nassau.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bölsberg''; dialectaliter ''Bilsbisch'' seu ''Bölsberisch'')</small> * [[Mons Bonus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Bonus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gutenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Busonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Busenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Coronae (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Mons Coronae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Cronenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Crampii]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Cramberg'')</small> * [[Mons Dasonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dasburg'')</small> * [[Mons Didonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deimberg'')</small> * [[Mons Epponis (Eiflia)|Mons Epponis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Ethnicorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heidenburg'')</small> * [[Mons Excelsus (ad Lanum)|Mons Excelsus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(ad Lanum<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hömberg'')</small> * [[Mons Excelsus (prope Angulum Lutrae)|Mons Excelsus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(prope [[Angulus Lutrae|Angulum Lutrae]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Homberg'')</small> * [[Mons Ezzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etschberg'')</small> * [[Mons Fockilonis]]<ref name="Dolch & Greule 1991">Dolch, M., & Greule, A. (1991). ''Historisches Siedlungsnamenbuch der Pfalz''. [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]], in Germania: Verlag der Pfälzischen Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Föckelberg'')</small> * [[Mons Fuscus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Fuscus]]<ref name="Karp-Schreiber 1664">Karp-Schreiber, W. (1664). ''Chronica Braunebergensis: De vineis et uvis in Iuffer sitis''. Monte Fusco: Officina Domestica.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Brauneberg'')</small> * [[Mons Gallonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Galenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Gelenis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gelenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Gisilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geiselberg'')</small> * [[Mons Heldonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heltersberg'')</small> * [[Mons Henrici (prope Kyrinam)|Mons Henrici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heinzenberg''; [[Hunnice]] ''Häänzebersch'')</small> * [[Mons Hirci (Eiflia)|Mons Hirci]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Boxberg'')</small> * [[Mons Idel]]<ref name="Bär 1905">Bär, M. (1905). ''Die Behördenverfassung der Rheinprovinz seit 1815''. Hanstein.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Idelberg'')</small> * [[Mons Lucidus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Lucidus]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berglicht'')</small> * [[Mons Ruborum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Ruborum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bremberg'')</small> * [[Mons Sanctorum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Mons Sanctorum]] <small>(Theodisce ''Heilberscheid'')</small> * [[Mons Ululorum (Occidentalis Silva)|Mons Ululorum]]<ref name="Schannat 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eulenberg'')</small> * [[Mons Vallis (prope Cruciniacum)|Mons Vallis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dalberg'')</small> * [[Mons Vitulorum]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794">Schannat, J. F. (1794). ''Eiflia Illustrata oder geographische und historische Beschreibung der Eifel''. [[Aquisgranum|Aquisgrani]]: Jacob Anton Mayer.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kelberg'')</small> * [[Monsheim]] * [[Möntenich]] * [[Montes (prope Kyrinam)|Montes]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bergen''; [[Hunnice]] ''Berje'')</small> * [[Monzelfeld]] * [[Monzernheim]] * [[Monzingen]] * [[Moritzheim]] * [[Mörlen]] * [[Mörsbach]] * [[Mörschbach]] * [[Morscheid]] * [[Morschheim]] * [[Mörschied]] * [[Mörsdorf (Tergum Caninum)|Mörsdorf]] * [[Mörsfeld]] * [[Morshausen]] * [[Mörstadt]] * [[Mosbruch]] * [[Moschheim]] * [[Moselkern]] * [[Mückeln]] * [[Müden (Mosel)]] * [[Mudenbach]] * [[Mudersbach]] * [[Mudershausen]] * [[Mühlpfad]] * [[Mülbach]] * [[Mülheim an der Mosel]] * [[Müllenbach (bei Adenau)|Müllenbach]] <small>(bei Adenau)</small> * [[Müllenbach (bei Mayen)|Müllenbach]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Münchwald]] * [[Münchweiler am Klingbach]] * [[Münchweiler an der Alsenz]] * [[Münchweiler an der Rodalb]] * [[Mündersbach]] * [[Münk]] * [[Münsterappel]] * [[Münster-Sarmsheim]] * [[Mürlenbach]] * [[Müsch]] * [[Müschenbach]] * [[Musweiler]] * [[Mutterschied]] * [[Mützenich (bei Prüm)|Mützenich]] * [[Muxerath]] {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nachtsheim]] * [[Nack]] * [[Nackenheim]] * [[Nannhausen]] * [[Nanzdietschweiler]] * [[Nasingen]] * [[Nattenheim]] * [[Naunheim]] * [[Nauort]] * [[Nauroth]] * [[Naurath (Eiflia)]] * [[Naurath (Wald)]] * [[Neef]] * [[Nehren (Mosel)|Nehren]] * [[Neichen]] * [[Neidenbach]] * [[Neidenfels]] * [[Neitersen]] * [[Nentershausen (Occidentalis Silva)|Nentershausen]] * [[Nerdlen]] * [[Neroth]] * [[Nerzweiler]] * [[Netzbach]] * [[Neu-Bamberg]] * [[Neuburg am Rhein]] * [[Neuendorf (Eiflia)|Neuendorf]] * [[Neuerkirch]] * [[Neuhäusel]] * [[Neuheilenbach]] * [[Neuhemsbach]] * [[Neuhofen (Pfalz)|Neuhofen]] * [[Neuhütten (Silva Alta)|Neuhütten]] * [[Neuleiningen]] * [[Neumagen-Dhron]] * [[Neunkhausen]] * [[Neunkirchen am Potzberg]] * [[Neunkirchen (Tergum Caninum)|Neunkirchen]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Neunkirchen (Occidentalis Silva)|Neunkirchen]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Neupotz]] * [[Neustadt/Westerwald]] * [[Neustadt (Wied)]] * [[Newel]] * [[Ney (Tergum Caninum)|Ney]] * [[Nickenich]] * [[Nidineshemium]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Großniedesheim'')</small> * [[Niederahr]] * [[Niederalben]] * [[Niederbachheim]] * [[Niederbreitbach]] * [[Niederbrombach]] * [[Niederburg]] * [[Niederdreisbach]] * [[Niederdürenbach]] * [[Niederelbert]] * [[Niedererbach]] * [[Niederfell]] * [[Niederfischbach]] * [[Niederhambach]] * [[Niederhausen (Nahe)|Niederhausen]] <small>(Nahe)</small> * [[Niederhausen an der Appel]] * [[Niederheimbach]] * [[Nieder-Hilbersheim]] * [[Niederhofen]] * [[Niederhorbach]] * [[Niederhosenbach]] * [[Niederirsen]] * [[Niederkirchen (Westpfalz)|Niederkirchen]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu Occidentalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Niederkirchen bei Deidesheim]] * [[Nieder Kostenz]] * [[Niederkumbd]] * [[Niederlauch]] * [[Niedermohr]] * [[Niedermoschel]] * [[Niederneisen]] * [[Niederöfflingen]] * [[Niederotterbach]] * [[Niederpierscheid]] * [[Niederraden]] * [[Niederroßbach]] * [[Niedersayn]] * [[Niederscheidweiler]] * [[Niederschlettenbach]] * [[Niedersohren]] * [[Niederstadtfeld]] * [[Niederstaufenbach]] * [[Niederstedem]] * [[Niedersteinebach]] * [[Niedert]] * [[Niedertiefenbach]] * [[Niederwallmenach]] * [[Niederwambach]] * [[Niederweiler (Eiflia)|Niederweiler]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Niederweiler (Tergum Caninum)|Niederweiler]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Niederweis]] * [[Niederwerth]] * [[Nieder-Wiesen]] * [[Niederwörresbach]] * [[Niederzissen]] * [[Niedesheimium Minus]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinniedesheim'')</small> * [[Niehl]] * [[Niersbach]] * [[Nievern]] * [[Nimshuscheid]] * [[Nimsreuland]] * [[Nister (Gemeinde)|Nister]] * [[Nisterau]] * [[Nisterberg]] * [[Nister-Möhrendorf]] * [[Nistertal]] * [[Nittel]] * [[Nitz]] * [[Nochern]] * [[Nohen]] * [[Nohn]] * [[Nomborn]] * [[Norath]] * [[Nordhofen]] * [[Norheim]] * [[Norken]] * [[Nörtershausen]] * [[Nothweiler]] * [[Novale Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berkoth'')</small> * [[Novale Beronis ad Vallemerodam]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berod bei Wallmerod'')</small> * [[Novale Beronis prope Hachenburgum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/><ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berod bei Hachenburg'')</small> * [[Novale Bonii]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Borod'')</small> * [[Novale Bononis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bonerath''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Bönert'')</small> * [[Novale Candidum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Blankenrath''; [[Hunnice]] ''Blanggad'')</small> * [[Novale Cerasorum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirschroth'')</small> * [[Novale Daconis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Datzeroth'')</small> * [[Novale Danckradi]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dankerath'')</small> * [[Novale Diemundi]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Demerath'')</small> * [[Novale Epponis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eppenrod'')</small> * [[Novale Gebhardi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gebroth'')</small> * [[Novale Geilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gehlert'')</small> * [[Novale Guntharii]]<ref name="Böhmer 1908">Böhmer, J. F. (1908). ''Regesta Imperii I. Die Regesten des Kaiserreichs unter den Karolingern 751-918'' (E. Mühlbacher & J. Lechner, Eds.). Wagner'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Gundersweiler'')</small> * [[Novale Hanonis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hanroth'')</small> * [[Novale Helmerici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Helmeroth'')</small> * [[Novale Sanctorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heiligenroth'')</small> * [[Novale Silvae (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Novale Silvae]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hardert'')</small> * [[Nünschweiler]] * [[Nürburg (Gemeinde)|Nürburg]] * [[Nusbaum]] * [[Nußbach (Pfalz)|Nußbach]] * [[Nußbaum]] {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberahr]] * [[Oberalben]] * [[Oberarnbach]] * [[Oberbachheim]] * [[Oberbettingen]] * [[Oberbillig]] * [[Oberbrombach]] * [[Oberdiebach]] * [[Oberdreis]] * [[Oberdürenbach]] * [[Oberehe-Stroheich]] * [[Oberelbert]] * [[Oberelz]] * [[Obererbach (bei Montabaur)|Obererbach]] <small>(bei Montabaur)</small> * [[Obererbach (Occidentalis Silva)]] * [[Oberfell]] * [[Oberfischbach]] * [[Ober-Flörsheim]] * [[Obergeckler]] * [[Oberhaid (Occidentalis Silva)|Oberhaid]] * [[Oberhambach]] * [[Oberhausen (bei Bad Bergzabern)|Oberhausen]] <small>(bei Bad Bergzabern)</small> * [[Oberhausen an der Appel]] * [[Oberhausen an der Nahe]] * [[Oberhausen bei Kirn]] * [[Oberheimbach]] * [[Ober-Hilbersheim]] * [[Oberhonnefeld-Gierend]] * [[Oberhosenbach]] * [[Oberirsen]] * [[Oberkail]] * [[Oberkirn]] * [[Ober Kostenz]] * [[Oberlahr]] * [[Oberlascheid]] * [[Oberlauch]] * [[Oberndorf (Pfalz)|Oberndorf]] * [[Oberneisen]] * [[Obernheim-Kirchenarnbach]] * [[Obernhof]] * [[Oberöfflingen]] * [[Ober-Olm]] * [[Oberotterbach]] * [[Oberpierscheid]] * [[Oberraden]] * [[Oberreidenbach]] * [[Oberrod]] * [[Oberroßbach]] * [[Oberscheidweiler]] * [[Oberschlettenbach]] * [[Obersimten]] * [[Oberstadtfeld]] * [[Oberstaufenbach]] * [[Oberstedem]] * [[Obersteinebach]] * [[Oberstreit]] * [[Obersülzen]] * [[Obertiefenbach (Taunus)|Obertiefenbach]] * [[Oberwallmenach]] * [[Oberwambach]] * [[Oberweiler (Eiflia)|Oberweiler]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Oberweiler im Tal]] * [[Oberweiler-Tiefenbach]] * [[Oberweis]] * [[Oberwies]] * [[Oberwiesen]] * [[Oberwörresbach]] * [[Oberzissen]] * [[Obrigheim (Pfalz)]] * [[Ochtendung]] * [[Ockenfels]] * [[Ockenheim]] * [[Ockfen]] * [[Odenbach]] * [[Odernheim am Glan]] * [[Oelsberg]] * [[Offenbach an der Queich]] * [[Offenbach-Hundheim]] * [[Offenheim]] * [[Offstein]] * [[Ogilonis Novale]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eckenroth'')</small> * [[Ohlenhard]] * [[Ohlweiler]] * [[Ohmbach]] * [[Ollmuth]] * [[Olmscheid]] * [[Olsbrücken]] * [[Olsdorf (Eiflia)|Olsdorf]] * [[Ölsen]] * [[Olzheim]] * [[Onsdorf]] * [[Oppertshausen]] * [[Orbis]] * [[Orenhofen]] * [[Orfgen]] * [[Orlenbach]] * [[Ormont]] * [[Orsfeld]] * [[Osann-Monzel]] * [[Osburg]] * [[Ossinga (Palatinatus)|Ossinga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Essingen'')</small> * [[Osterspai]] * [[Othinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etgert'')</small> * [[Otterbach (Westpfalz)|Otterbach]] * [[Ottersheim]] * [[Ottersheim bei Landau]] * [[Otterstadt]] * [[Ötzingen]] * [[Otzweiler]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Palus (Circulus terrae Cochemiensis et Cellensis)|Palus]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887">Forcellini, Aeg. (1864-1887). ''Totius latinitatis lexicon''. Prati: Typis Aldinianis. </ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Cochemiensis et Cellensis|Circulo terrae Cochemiensi et Cellensi]]<ref name="CTCEC">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Cochemiensis et Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Cochem-Zell'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latinis toponymis "[[Cochemium]]" et "Cella" -ad quae gentilicia "Cochemiensis-e" et "Cellensis-e" respective referuntur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Filz'')</small> * [[Palus (Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci)|Palus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935">Wampach, C. (1935). ''Urkunden- und Quellenbuch zur Geschichte der altluxemburgischen Territorien bis zur burgundischen Zeit''. St. Paulus-Druckerei.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci|Circulo terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci]]<ref name="CTTMCEV"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruch'')</small> * [[Palus Montis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Palus Montis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hallschlag'')</small> * [[Palzem]] * [[Pantenburg]] * [[Panzweiler]] * [[Partenheim]] * [[Paschel]] * [[Pascua Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkenhördt'')</small> * [[Patersberg]] * [[Peffingen]] * [[Pellingen]] * [[Pelm]] * [[Pendens Wizivilla]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hangen-Weisheim'')</small> * [[Perscheid]] * [[Petersberg (Pfalz)|Petersberg]] * [[Peterslahr]] * [[Peterswald-Löffelscheid]] * [[Petra Darstonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Darstein'')</small> * [[Petra Franconum (Palatinatus)|Petra Franconum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankenstein'')</small> * [[Pfaffen-Schwabenheim]] * [[Pfalzfeld]] * [[Pfeffelbach]] * [[Philippsheim]] * [[Pickließem]] * [[Piesport]] * [[Pillig]] * [[Pintesfeld]] * [[Pinus et Tilia]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fohren-Linden'')</small> * [[Piscis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Piscis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fisch'')</small> * [[Pittenbach]] * [[Plaidt]] * [[Planities (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Planities]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flacht'')</small> * [[Plascheid]] * [[Platten (bei Wittlich)|Platten]] * [[Pleckhausen]] * [[Plein]] * [[Pleisweiler-Oberhofen]] * [[Pleitersheim]] * [[Pleizenhausen]] * [[Plütscheid]] * [[Pluwig]] * [[Pohl (Nassau)|Pohl]] * [[Pölich]] * [[Pommern (Mosel)|Pommern]] * [[Pomster]] * [[Pons (Palatinatus)|Pons]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brücken'')</small> * [[Pons (prope Birconfeldam)|Pons]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(prope [[Birconfelda (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Bircofeldam]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Brücken'')</small> * [[Pons Alaphotis]]<ref name="Remling 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ahrbrück'')</small> * [[Pons Epternacensis]]<ref name="Camillus 1889">Camillus, W. (1889). ''Annales Epternacenses. In Monumenta Germaniae Historica'' (SS 13). [[Hannovera]]e: Impensis Bibliopolii Hahniani.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Echternacherbrück'')</small> * [[Pons Glanae]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Glanbrücken'')</small> * [[Porta (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Porta]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dohr'')</small> * [[Portus Chattorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hatzenport'')</small> * [[Pottum]] * [[Pracht]] * [[Prath]] * [[Pratum Amplum (Occidentalis Silva)|Pratum Amplum]]<ref name="Gensicke III 1999"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenau'')</small> * [[Pratum Fagineum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bockenau'')</small> * [[Pratum Geilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Geilnau'')</small> * [[Pratum Hanonis (Tergum Caninum)|Pratum Hanonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Henau''; [[Hunnice]] ''Häne'')</small> * [[Preischeid]] * [[Preist]] * [[Pronsfeld]] * [[Prümzurlay]] * [[Puderbach]] * [[Pünderich]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Queidersbach]] * [[Quercetum (Occidentalis Silva)|Quercetum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eichen'')</small> * [[Quercirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eichenbach'')</small> * [[Quiddelbach]] * [[Quirnbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Quirnbach]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Quirnbach/Pfalz]] * [[Quirnheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Racksen]] * [[Ralingen]] * [[Ramberg (Pfalz)|Ramberg]] * [[Rammelsbach]] * [[Ramsen (Pfalz)|Ramsen]] * [[Ranschbach]] * [[Ransweiler]] * [[Rascheid]] * [[Rathskirchen]] * [[Rathsweiler]] * [[Ratzert]] * [[Raubach]] * [[Raumbach]] * [[Ravengiersburg]] * [[Raversbeuren]] * [[Rayerschied]] * [[Rech]] * [[Reckenroth]] * [[Reckershausen]] * [[Recurvum (Eiflia)|Recurvum]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hamm'')</small> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Rehbach (bei Sobernheim)|Rehbach]] * [[Rehborn]] * [[Rehe (Occidentalis Silva)|Rehe]] * [[Rehweiler]] * [[Reich (Tergum Caninum)|Reich]] * [[Reichenbach (bei Baumholder)|Reichenbach]] * [[Reichenbach-Steegen]] * [[Reichenberg (Rheinland-Pfalz)|Reichenberg]] * [[Reichsthal]] * [[Reichweiler]] * [[Reidenhausen]] * [[Reifenberg]] * [[Reiferscheid]] * [[Reiff]] * [[Reiffelbach]] * [[Reifferscheid]] * [[Reil]] * [[Reimerath]] * [[Reinsfeld]] * [[Reipeldingen]] * [[Reipoltskirchen]] * [[Reitzenhain (Taunus)|Reitzenhain]] * [[Relsberg]] * [[Rengsdorf]] * [[Retterath]] * [[Rettersen]] * [[Rettershain]] * [[Rettert]] * [[Reudelsterz]] * [[Reuth (Eiflia)|Reuth]] * [[Rhaunen]] * [[Rheinbreitbach]] * [[Rheinbrohl]] * [[Rheinzabern]] * [[Rhodt unter Rietburg]] * [[Riedelberg]] * [[Rieden (Eiflia)|Rieden]] * [[Riegenroth]] * [[Rieschweiler-Mühlbach]] * [[Riesweiler]] * [[Rimsberg]] * [[Rinnthal]] * [[Rinzenberg]] * [[Riol]] * [[Rittersdorf (Eiflia)|Rittersdorf]] * [[Rittersheim]] * [[Rivenich]] * [[Riveris]] * [[Rivuletus Viridis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Grumbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Becheri (Palatinatus)|Rivulus Becheri]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Becherbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Bedonis]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bedesbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Cadenensis]]<ref name="Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz 2023">Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz (2023). ''Bestand 1A: Urkunden der Deutschordenskommende Koblenz''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: LHA; et: Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz (2023). ''Bestand 1A: Urkunden und Akten der geistlichen und weltlichen Verwaltung des Kurfürstentums Trier''. Confluentibus: LHA; et: Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz. (2023). Bestand 1A: Kurtrier, Urkunden und Akten der geistlichen und weltlichen Verwaltung. Confluentibus: LHA; et: Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz. (2023). ''Bestand 1A: Urkunden und Akten der geistlichen und weltlichen Verwaltung des Westerwaldes''. Confluentibus: LHA Koblenz.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kadenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Colli (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivulus Colli]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Halsenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Feronis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fiersbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Fluens]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flußbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Franconis]]<ref name="Dolch & Greule 1991"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankelbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Fraxineus (Circulus terrae Vetero-Ecclesiensis)|Rivulus Fraxineus]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Harbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Fringillarum et Villare Gerhardi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Finkenbach-Gersweiler'')</small> * [[Rivulus Gackonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gackenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Glareosus]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kisselbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Kieselbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Hagani]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hahnenbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Indaginis (prope Deciam)|Rivulus Indaginis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hambach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Liberorum]]<ref name="Nietzschmann 2013">Nietzschmann, E. (2013). ''Die Freien auf dem Lande: Ehemalige deutsche Reichsdörfer und ihre Wappen''. [[Guelpherbytum|Guelpherbyti]]: Melchior.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Freisbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium (prope Caesaream Lutram)|Rivulus Piscium]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(prope [[Caesarea Lutra|Caesaream Lutram]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Rivulus Piscium]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium et Novale Superius]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach-Oberraden'')</small> * [[Rivulus Piscium prope Danam]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/><ref name="Görz II 1879"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fischbach bei Dahn'')</small> * [[Rivulus Viridis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivulus Viridis]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Grünebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Altissimus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höchstenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Amplus (Palatinatus)|Rivus Amplus]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Atzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Etzbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Becheri prope Kyrinam]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Becherbach bei Kirn'')</small> * [[Rivus Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birlenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Bisonis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bosenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Bottonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bottenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Budonis (Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini)|Rivus Budonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini" -Theodisce ''Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-Kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latinis toponymis "[[Rhenus]]" et "[[Tergum Caninum]]", vide {{Graesse}}. De Latinā huius circuli versione, confer aliarum linguarum versiones ''Distrito de Rin-Hunsrück'' et ''Arrondissement de Rhin-Hunsrück'' et ''Distrito do Reno-Hunsrück'' et ''Circondario del Reno-Hunsrück'' et ''Zemský okres Rýn-Hunsrück'' et Рейн-Хунсрюк.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Budenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Burebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Budonis (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Rivus Budonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis|Circulo terrae Birkenfeldensi]]<ref name="Circulus terrae"/><ref name="Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis">Nomen Latinum completum "Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis".</ref><ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bundenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bundebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Caeruleus]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Blaubach'')</small> * [[Rivus Calidus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivus Calidus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Callbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Columbae (Occidentalis Silva)|Rivus Columbae]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Daubach'')</small> * [[Rivus Columbae (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Columbae]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Daubach'')</small> * [[Rivus Coryli (Occidentalis Silva)|Rivus Coryli]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hasselbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Coryli (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Coryli]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Hasselbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Haaselbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dammarum (prope Bircofeldam)|Rivus Dammarum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dambach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dedonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dedenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (ad Tabernas Montanas)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> (ad [[Tabernae Montanae|Tabernas Montanas]]<ref name="Graesse"/>) <small>(Theodisce ''Dierbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (Circulus terrae Neowidensis)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Neowidensis|Circulo terrae Neowidensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Neowidensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Neuwied'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Neowidensis-e" Theodiscum toponymum ''Neuwied'' vertit. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de/Persoenlichkeiten/maximilian-alexander-philipp-prinz-zu-wied-neuwied-/DE-2086/lido/57c92ef68392a6.35258846 ], ubi dicitur "(...) Sein Ma­nu­skript „Fau­na Neo­wi­den­sis“, 1847 voll­endet, ist die ers­te Re­gio­nal­fau­na für den Mit­tel­rhein. Die Ver­öf­fent­li­chung ein­zel­ner Er­kennt­nis­se über­ließ er je­doch an­de­ren, vor al­lem dem Neu­wie­der Apo­the­ker Franz Pe­ter Brahts (...)". Quo de Latino toponymo, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z'']</ref></small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (Occidentalis Silva)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Deronis (Palatinatus)|Rivus Deronis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dernbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dictilonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dichtelbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Dieschdelbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Domus (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Rivus Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heimbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Dusonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Deuselbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Eridonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erdesbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Fundi]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bodenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Fuscus (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Fuscus]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Erbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Heisteri]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heistenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Henrici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heinzenbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hänsebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Hirundinis]] <small>(Theodisce ''Burgschwalbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Lini]]<ref name="Förstemann II 1913">Förstemann, E. (1913). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen und sonstige geographische Namen'' (Vol. 2, III ed.). P. Hanstein.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Harschbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Longus in Monte]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berglangenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Novalis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brachbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Oneris]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bürdenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Pirorum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birnbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Profundus (prope Vitelliacum)|Rivus Profundus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Diefenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Purgans (Eiflia)|Rivus Purgans]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Saepti Vivi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heckenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Sanitatis (Eiflia Australis)|Rivus Sanitatis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in Eiflia Australi<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Heilbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Sanitatis (Terra Bedensis)|Rivus Sanitatis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(in Terra Bedensi<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Heilenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Siccus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivus Siccus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörrenbach''; [[Palatinice]] ''Derrebach'')</small> * [[Rivus Silvestris (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Rivus Silvestris]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzbach''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hoolsbach'' seu ''Buubert'')</small> * [[Rivus Spissus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dickesbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Tumuli]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bollenbach'')</small> * [[Rivus Ursorum (Tergum Caninum)|Rivus Ursorum]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bärenbach'')</small> * [[Rockeskyll]] * [[Rodder]] * [[Rödelhausen]] * [[Rodenbach (Westpfalz)|Rodenbach]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu Occidentali]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Rodenbach bei Puderbach]] * [[Rödern (Tergum Caninum)|Rödern]] * [[Rodershausen]] * [[Rödersheim-Gronau]] * [[Roes]] * [[Röhl]] * [[Rohrbach (bei Baumholder)|Rohrbach]] <small>(bei Baumholder)</small> * [[Rohrbach (Tergum Caninum)|Rohrbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Rohrbach (Pfalz)|Rohrbach]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Römerberg (Pfalz)|Römerberg]] * [[Rommersheim]] * [[Rorodt]] * [[Roschbach]] * [[Roscheid]] * [[Rosenheim (Landkreis Altenkirchen)|Rosenheim]] * [[Rosenkopf]] * [[Roßbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Roßbach]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Roßbach (Wied)|Roßbach]] <small>(Wied)</small> * [[Rota Barwardi]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Barbelroth'')</small> * [[Rotenhain]] * [[Roth (Landkreis Altenkirchen)|Roth]] <small>(Landkreis Altenkirchen)</small> * [[Roth (bei Stromberg)|Roth]] <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis|Circulo terrae Cruciniacensi]]<ref name="CTCru"/>)</small> * [[Roth (Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis)|Roth]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC"/>)</small> * [[Roth (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Roth]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> * [[Roth an der Our]] * [[Roth bei Prüm]] * [[Rothenbach]] * [[Rothselberg]] * [[Rötsweiler-Nockenthal]] * [[Rott (Occidentalis Silva)|Rott]] * [[Roxheim]] * [[Rüber]] * [[Rückeroth]] * [[Rückweiler]] * [[Rüdesheim (Nahe)|Rüdesheim]] * [[Rülzheim]] * [[Rumbach]] * [[Rümmelsheim]] * [[Rupes Abietum]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dannenfels'')</small> * [[Ruppach-Goldhausen]] * [[Ruppertsecken]] * [[Ruppertsberg]] * [[Ruppertshofen (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Ruppertshofen]] * [[Ruppertsweiler]] * [[Ruschberg]] * [[Rüscheid]] * [[Rüssingen]] * [[Ruthweiler]] * [[Rutsweiler am Glan]] * [[Rutsweiler an der Lauter]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Saalstadt]] * [[Saeptum Vivum (Tergum Caninum)|Saeptum Vivum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hecken'')</small> * [[Saffig]] * [[Salm (Eiflia)|Salm]] * [[Salmtal]] * [[Saltus Cameralis]]<ref name="Gensicke I 1999">Gensicke, H. (1999). ''Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes'' (Veröffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission für Nassau, 27). [[Aquae Mattiacae|Aquis Mattiacis]]: Historische Kommission für Nassau.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Kammerforst'')</small> * [[Saltus Herii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herforst'')</small> * [[Salz (Occidentalis Silva)|Salz]] * [[Salzburg (Occidentalis Silva)|Salzburg]] * [[Sambucetum (Occidentalis Silva)|Sambucetum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holler'')</small> * [[Sankt Alban (Pfalz)|Sankt Alban]] * [[Sankt Aldegund]] * [[Sankt Johann (bei Mayen)|Sankt Johann]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Sankt Johann (Hassia Rhenana)|Sankt Johann]] <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> * [[Sankt Julian]] * [[Sankt Katharinen (prope Cruciniacum)|Sankt Katharinen]] <small>(prope [[Cruciniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Sankt Katharinen (Landkreis Neuwied)]] * [[Sankt Martin (Pfalz)|Sankt Martin]] * [[Sankt Sebastian (am Rhein)|Sankt Sebastian]] * [[Sankt Thomas (Eiflia)|Sankt Thomas]] * [[Sargenroth]] * [[Sarmersbach]] * [[Sassen (Eiflia)|Sassen]] * [[Sauerthal]] * [[Saulheim]] * [[Saxler]] * [[Saxum Balduini]]<ref name="Böhmer 1839">Böhmer, J. F. (1839). ''Regesta chronologico-diplomatica metropolitae Moguntinae: inde a primo archiepiscopo usque ad seculi decimi sexti finem''. F. Varrentrapp.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Balduinstein'')</small> * [[Saxum Hattonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hattgenstein''; [[Hunnice]] ''Hadsche'')</small> * [[Saxum Mallei (ad Rhenum)|Saxum Mallei]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hammerstein'')</small> * [[Saxum Scissum (Palatinatus)|Saxum Scissum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hauenstein''; [[Palatinice]] ''Hääschde'')</small> * [[Saxum Ulmeum]]<ref name="Browerus & Masenius 1670"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Elmstein'')</small> * [[Schalkenbach]] * [[Schalkenmehren]] * [[Schallodenbach]] * [[Schankweiler]] * [[Scharfbillig]] * [[Schauerberg]] * [[Schauren (bei Blankenrath)|Schauren]] <small>(bei Blankenrath)</small> * [[Schauren (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Schauren]] <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> * [[Scheibenhardt]] * [[Scheid (Eiflia)|Scheid]] * [[Scheidt (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Scheidt]] * [[Scheitenkorb]] * [[Schellweiler]] * [[Schenkelberg]] * [[Scheuerfeld]] * [[Scheuern]] * [[Schiersfeld]] * [[Schiesheim]] * [[Schillingen]] * [[Schindhard]] * [[Schladt]] * [[Schleich]] * [[Schleid (prope Bedense Castrum)|Schleid]] * [[Schlierschied]] * [[Schloßböckelheim]] * [[Schmalenberg]] * [[Schmidthachenbach]] * [[Schmißberg]] * [[Schmitshausen]] * [[Schmitt (Eiflia)|Schmitt]] * [[Schmittweiler]] * [[Schneckenhausen]] * [[Schneppenbach]] * [[Schnorbach]] * [[Schoden]] * [[Schömerich]] * [[Schönau (Pfalz)]] * [[Schönbach (Eiflia)|Schönbach]] * [[Schönberg (bei Thalfang)|Schönberg]] * [[Schönborn (Tergum Caninum)|Schönborn]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Schönborn (Pfalz)|Schönborn]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Schönborn (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Schönborn]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> * [[Schöndorf (an der Ruwer)|Schöndorf]] * [[Schöneberg (Tergum Caninum)|Schöneberg]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Schöneberg (Occidentalis Silva)|Schöneberg]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Schönecken]] * [[Schönenberg-Kübelberg]] * [[Schopp]] * [[Schornsheim]] * [[Schuld (Ahr)|Schuld]] * [[Schüller]] * [[Schürdt]] * [[Schutz (Eiflia)|Schutz]] * [[Schutzbach]] * [[Schwabenheim an der Selz]] * [[Schwall (Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis)|Schwall]] * [[Schwanheim (Pfalz)|Schwanheim]] * [[Schwarzen]] * [[Schwarzenborn (Eiflia)|Schwarzenborn]] * [[Schwarzerden]] * [[Schwedelbach]] * [[Schwegenheim]] * [[Schweigen-Rechtenbach]] * [[Schweighausen]] * [[Schweighofen]] * [[Schweinschied]] * [[Schweisweiler]] * [[Schweix]] * [[Schweppenhausen]] * [[Schwerbach]] * [[Schwirzheim]] * [[Schwollen]] * [[Seck]] * [[Seelbach (Nassau)|Seelbach]] <small>(Nassau)</small> * [[Seelbach bei Hamm (Sieg)]] * [[Seelbach (Occidentalis Silva)]] * [[Seelen]] * [[Seesbach]] * [[Seffern]] * [[Sefferweich]] * [[Sehlem (Eiflia)|Sehlem]] * [[Seibersbach]] * [[Seifen (Occidentalis Silva)|Seifen]] * [[Seinsfeld]] * [[Seiwerath]] * [[Selbach (Sieg)]] * [[Selchenbach]] * [[Sellerich]] * [[Selzen]] * [[Sembach]] * [[Sengerich]] * [[Senheim]] * [[Senscheid]] * [[Sensweiler]] * [[Serrig]] * [[Sessenbach]] * [[Sessenhausen]] * [[Sevenig bei Neuerburg]] * [[Sevenig (Our)]] * [[Sicca Muschella]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörrmoschel'')</small> * [[Siebeldingen]] * [[Siebenbach]] * [[Siefersheim]] * [[Sien]] * [[Sienhachenbach]] * [[Sierscheid]] * [[Siershahn]] * [[Siesbach]] * [[Silva ad Paludem]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Forstmehren'')</small> * [[Silva Ardua (Occidentalis Silva)|Silva Ardua]]<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hardt''; dialectaliter ''Hoord'')</small> * [[Silva Ecclesiae (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Silva Ecclesiae]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchwald'')</small> * [[Silva Fagina (Occidentalis Silva)|Silva Fagina]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Buchholz'')</small> * [[Silva Pacis (Occidentalis Silva)|Silva Pacis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friedewald'')</small> * [[Silva Separata]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Griebelschied'')</small> * [[Silvae Domus (Ardaha)|Silvae Domus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzheim'')</small> * [[Silvae Novale (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Silvae Novale]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Holzerath''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Holzröth'')</small> * [[Silz (Pfalz)|Silz]] * [[Simmern (Occidentalis Silva)|Simmern]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Singhofen]] * [[Sinspelt]] * [[Sippersfeld]] * [[Sitters]] * [[Sohren]] * [[Sohrschied]] * [[Solitudo Superior]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höheinöd'')</small> * [[Sommerau (an der Ruwer)|Sommerau]] * [[Sommerloch (prope Cruciniacum)|Sommerloch]] * [[Sonnenberg-Winnenberg]] * [[Sonnschied]] * [[Sörgenloch]] * [[Sörth]] * [[Sosberg]] * [[Spabrücken]] * [[Spall]] * [[Spangdahlem]] * [[Spanhemium]]<ref name="Trithemius 1601"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Burgsponheim'')</small> * [[Spay]] * [[Spesenroth]] * [[Spessart (Brohltal)|Spessart]] * [[Spiesheim]] * [[Spinifex Mons]] <small>(Theodisce ''Dörnberg'')</small> * [[Spinifex Theodericidomus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dorn-Dürkheim'')</small> * [[Spinosi Nemoris Casae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dornholzhausen'')</small> * [[Spirkelbach]] * [[Sponheim]] * [[Sprendlingen]] * [[Stadecken-Elsheim]] * [[Stadtkyll]] * [[Stahlberg]] * [[Stahlhofen (Occidentalis Silva)|Stahlhofen]] <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Stahlhofen am Wiesensee]] * [[Standenbühl]] * [[Starkenburg (Mosel)|Starkenburg]] * [[Statio Danonis-Domus Scauerni]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dannstadt-Schauernheim'')</small> * [[Staudernheim]] * [[Staudt]] * [[Stebach]] * [[Steffeln]] * [[Steimel]] * [[Steinalben]] * [[Steinbach (Tergum Caninum)|Steinbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Steinbach am Donnersberg]] * [[Steinbach am Glan]] * [[Stein-Bockenheim]] * [[Steinborn]] * [[Steinebach an der Wied]] * [[Steinebach/Sieg]] * [[Steineberg]] * [[Steinefrenz]] * [[Steinen (Occidentalis Silva)|Steinen]] * [[Steineroth]] * [[Steinfeld (Pfalz)|Steinfeld]] * [[Steinhusium Minus]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kleinsteinhausen'')</small> * [[Steiningen]] * [[Stein-Neukirch]] * [[Steinsberg (Rheinland-Pfalz)|Steinsberg]] * [[Steinweiler]] * [[Steinwenden]] * [[Stein-Wingert]] * [[Stelzenberg]] * [[Stetten (Pfalz)|Stetten]] * [[Stipshausen]] * [[Stockem (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Stockem]] * [[Stockhausen-Illfurth]] * [[Stockum-Püschen]] * [[Straßenhaus]] * [[Streithausen]] * [[Strickscheid]] * [[Strohn]] * [[Strotzbüsch]] * [[Strüth]] * [[Stürzelbach]] * [[Sulcia Superior]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohen-Sülzen'')</small> * [[Sülm]] * [[Sulzbach (Tergum Caninum)|Sulzbach]] <small>(bei Idar-Oberstein)</small> * [[Sulzbach (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Sulzbach]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> * [[Sulzbacum ad Glanum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Herren-Sulzbach'')</small> * [[Sulzheim (Hassia Rhenana)|Sulzheim]] * [[Superior Ranarum]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Höhfröschen'')</small> * [[Superior Rivus Argillosus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hohenleimbach'')</small> * [[Superior Spira]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hochspeyer'')</small> * [[Symera]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Simmertal''; [[Hunnice]] ''Siemerdaal'')</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Taben-Rodt]] * [[Talling]] * [[Tawern]] * [[Tellig]] * [[Temmels]] * [[Teschenmoschel]] * [[Thaleischweiler-Fröschen]] * [[Thalfang]] * [[Thalhausen]] * [[Thallichtenberg]] * [[Theisbergstegen]] * [[Theodericenovale]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörth'')</small> * [[Theoderici Separatio]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886">Lamprecht, K. (1886). ''Deutsches Wirtschaftsleben im Mittelalter: Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung der materiellen Kultur des platten Landes auf Grund der Quellen zunächst des Mosellandes'' (Vol. 1). Alphons Dürr.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Dierscheid'')</small> * [[Theodericicella]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dorsel'')</small> * [[Theodericidivisa |Theodericidivisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörscheid'')</small> * [[Theodericidivisa (Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis)|Theodericidivisa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis|Circulo terrae Magniacensi et Confluentensi]]<ref name="CTMEC">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Magniacensis et Confluentensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Mayen-Koblenz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Magniacensis-e" et "Confluentensis-e" ad urbes [[Magniacum (Germania)|Magniacum]] et [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentes]] referuntur. Quibus de toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Ditscheid'')</small> * [[Theodericidomium]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dintesheim'')</small> * [[Theodericidomus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dorsheim'')</small> * [[Theodericidomus et Coryletum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dittelsheim-Heßloch'')</small> * [[Theodericifons (Circulus Montis Iovis)|Theodericifons]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Montis Iovis|Circulo Montis Iovis]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreisen''; [[Palatinice]] ''Drase'')</small> * [[Theodericifons (Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci)|Theodericifons]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci|Circulo terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci]]<ref name="CTTMCEV">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Tabernarum Mosellanicarum-Cusae et Vitelliaci" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Bernkastel-Wittlich'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latinis toponymis "[[Tabernae Mosellanicae-Cusa|Tabernae Mosellanicae-Cusa]]" et "[[Vitelliacum]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreis'')</small> * [[Theodericifons et Pons]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreis-Brück'')</small> * [[Theodericifusum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dünfus''; dialectaliter Duenfusensice<ref name="Duenfusensice">Adverbium in gentilicio "Duenfusensis-e" fundatur. Quo de gentilicio, vide: Görz, A. (1874). ''Mittelrheinische Regesten: oder chronologische Zusammenstellung der Quellenbriefe für die Geschichte der Territorien der heutigen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: Denkert & Groos.</ref> ''Dimmes'')</small> * [[Theodericinga]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dietrichingen'')</small> * [[Theodericirivus (Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis)|Theodericirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis|Circulo terrae Cruciniacensi]]<ref name="CTCru">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Cruciniacensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Bad Kreuznach'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cruciniacum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cruciniacensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörrebach'')</small> * [[Theodericirivus (Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae)|Theodericirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae|Circulo terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae]]<ref name="CTEV">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Eiflae Vulcanicae" -Theodisce ''Vulkaneifel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum toponymum "[[Eifla]]" Theodiscum lexema ''-eifel'' et Latinum adiectivum "[[Mons ignifer|vulcanicus-a-um]]" Theodiscum praefixum ''Vulkan-'' vertit. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Duppach'')</small> * [[Theodericirivus (Occidentalis Silva)|Theodericirivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Occidentalis Silva|Occidentali Silva]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreisbach''; dialectaliter ''Draasbich'')</small> * [[Theodericisedes]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Donsieders''; [[Palatanice]] ''Dunsiters'')</small> * [[Theodericistreia]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dirmstein'')</small> * [[Theodericivilla (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Theodericivilla]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dörsdorf'')</small> * [[Theodericivilla (Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini)|Theodericivilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dillendorf''; [[Hunnice]] ''Dilledoref'')</small> * [[Theodericocampus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Döttesfeld'')</small> * [[Theodericohardus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Diethardt'')</small> * [[Theodericorivus (Palatinatus)|Theodericorivus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dimbach'')</small> * [[Theodericovilla]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dittweiler'')</small> * [[Thomae et Lamberti Villa]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dohm-Lammersdorf'')</small> * [[Thomm]] * [[Thörlingen]] * [[Thörnich]] * [[Thulinkircha]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dielkirchen'')</small> * [[Thür]] * [[Tiefenbach (Tergum Caninum)|Tiefenbach]] <small>(in [[Tergum Caninum|Tergo Canino]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Tiefenthal (Pfalz)|Tiefenthal]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Tiefenthal (Hassia Rhenana)|Tiefenthal]] <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> * [[Todenroth]] * [[Torrens Ursorum (prope Idaram-Supra Petra)|Torrens Ursorum]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(prope [[Idara-Supra Petra|Idaram-Supra Petra]]<ref name="Steininger 1834"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bärenbach'')</small> * [[Traisen (Nahe)|Traisen]] * [[Trassem]] * [[Trechtingshausen]] * [[Treis-Karden]] * [[Tricampia]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce 'Dreifelden''')</small> * [[Tricclesiae]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dreikirchen'')</small> * [[Trierscheid]] * [[Trierweiler]] * [[Trimbs]] * [[Trimport]] * [[Trippstadt]] * [[Trittenheim]] * [[Troneccum]]<ref name="Linden 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dhronecken'')</small> * [[Trulben]] {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Übereisenbach]] * [[Udenheim]] * [[Üdersdorf]] * [[Udilonis Fons]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989">Pokorny, J. (1959). ''Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch''. Francke Verlag; et: Pokorny, J. (1989). ''Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch''. Francke Verlag. </ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Eitelborn'')</small> * [[Udler]] * [[Uelversheim]] * [[Uersfeld]] * [[Ueß]] * [[Uhler]] * [[Ulmet]] * [[Uminis Domus]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eimsheim'')</small> * [[Undenheim]] * [[Uniclivium]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Einöllen'')</small> * [[Unicum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Unicum]]<ref name="Lamprecht I 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Einig'')</small> * [[Unkenbach]] * [[Unnau]] * [[Unterjeckenbach]] * [[Untershausen]] * [[Unzenberg]] * [[Uppershausen]] * [[Urbach (Occidentalis Silva)|Urbach]] * [[Urbar (bei Koblenz)|Urbar]] <small>(bei Koblenz)</small> * [[Urbar (Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis)|Urbar]] <small>(in [[Circulus Rheni et Tergi Canini|Circulo Rheni et Tergi Canini]]<ref name="CRETC"/>)</small> * [[Urmersbach]] * [[Urmitz]] * [[Urschmitt]] * [[Ürzig]] * [[Usch (Eiflia)|Usch]] * [[Uterina Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eußerthal'')</small> * [[Utscheid]] * [[Üttfeld]] * [[Utzenhain]] * [[Utzerath]] * [[Üxheim]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vadum (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vadum]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fürthen'')</small> * [[Vallemeroda]]<ref name="Steininger 1836"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Wallmerod'')</small> * [[Vallis (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fell''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Faähl'')</small> * [[Vallis Ampla (Tergum Caninum)|Vallis Ampla]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenthal''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bränel'' seu ''Brään'l'')</small> * [[Vallis Bodonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bobenthal'')</small> * [[Vallis Domus (Hassia Rhenana)|Vallis Domus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dalheim'')</small> * [[Vallis Domus (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vallis Domus]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahlheim'')</small> * [[Vallis Guldeni]]<ref name="Widder 1788"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Guldental'')</small> * [[Vallis Henschi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Henschtal'')</small> * [[Vallis Picta]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bundenthal'')</small> * [[Vallis Pontis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brücktal'')</small> * [[Vallis Servitutis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dienethal'')</small> * [[Valwig]] * [[Veitsrodt]] * [[Veldenz]] * [[Vendersheim]] * [[Venningen]] * [[Vettelschoß]] * [[Vetus Ecclesia (Palatinatus)|Vetus Ecclesia]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altenkirchen'')</small> * [[Vetus Lininga]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Altleiningen'')</small> * [[Vicus Beronis (Eiflia)|Vicus Beronis]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berndorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Bicilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Bickelheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Episcopi (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Vicus Episcopi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Bischofsheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Flamingorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flemlingen'')</small> * [[Vicus Flaronis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fleringen'')</small> * [[Vicus Flonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flonheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Flori et Dagolfi]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Flörsheim-Dalsheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Franconis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Franzenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Fridinis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friedelsheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Frlsm'')</small> * [[Vicus Fridonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frettenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frimari (ad Albam)|Vicus Frimari]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(ad Albam<ref name="BÄr 1891"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Freimersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frimari (ad Saletionem)|Vicus Frimari]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(ad [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletionem]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Framersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frimari (Palatinatus)|Vicus Frimari]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Freimersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Frisonis (Hassia Rhenana)|Vicus Frisonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Friesenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Gawirici]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gauersheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Gaaschem'')</small> * [[Vicus Geisboti]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gabsheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Gundonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fußgönheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Hepponis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Heppenheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Liberi Liubheris]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frei-Laubersheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Liberorum (Occidentalis Silva)|Vicus Liberorum]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freilingen''; dialectaliter ''Frälinge'')</small> * [[Vicus Otarii]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Odernheim'')</small> * [[Vicus Raconis Liber]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Freirachdorf''; dialectaliter ''Fraerachdorw'')</small> * [[Vicus Waganis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gau-Weinheim'')</small> * [[Vielbach]] * [[Vierherrenborn]] * [[Villa Ampla (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Villa Ampla]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breitenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Baltrammi]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bermersheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bassonis]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bassenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Beconis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bellonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1857"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bellheim''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bellem'')</small> * [[Villa Bermari]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bermersheim vor der Höhe'')</small> * [[Villa Bertolfi]]<ref name="Roth, Stolper & von Bechtolsheim 2007">Roth, M. T., Stolper, M. W., & von Bechtolsheim, P. (2007). ''Studies presented to Robert D. Biggs, June 4, 2000''. The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bechtolsheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bettonis (Taunus)|Villa Bettonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bettendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Bibilonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebelsheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bickonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bickendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Bieri]]<ref name="Kyll 1988">Kyll, T. (1988). ''Biersdorf - Eine kleine Chronik: Dorfgeschichte von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart''. Villae Bieri.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Biersdorf am See'')</small> * [[Villa Bilca]]<ref name="Vogel 1843">Vogel, C. D. (1843). ''Beschreibung des Herzogthums Nassau''. [[Aquae Mattiacae|Aquis Mattiacis]]: Beyerle.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bilkheim'')</small> * [[Villa Billingi et Ingeni]]<ref name="Lehmann 1867">Lehmann, I. G. (1867). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Burgen und Bergschlösser in den ehemaligen Gauen, Grafschaften und Herrschaften der bayerischen Pfalz''. [[Caesarea Lutra|Caesareae Lutrae]]: Tascher: et; Lehmann, I. G. (1867). ''Urkundliche Geschichte der Klöster in der vormaligen Pfalz''. Verlag der J. J. Tascher'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Billigheim-Ingenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bizzirichi]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bissersheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bobonis (Palatinatus)|Villa Bobonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Böbingen'')</small> * [[Villa Bocconis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bockenheim an der Weinstraße''; [[Palatinice]] ''Bockrem'')</small> * [[Villa Bodonis]]<ref name="Kaufmann 1976">Kaufmann, H. (1976). ''Rheinhessische Ortsnamen''. Monaci: Wilhelm Fink Verlag.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Bodenheim'')</small> * [[Villa Bousonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bausendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Brachiti]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brecht'')</small> * [[Villa Brachti]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Brachtendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Bubilonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Biebelnheim'')</small> * [[Villa Budonis (Eiflia)|Villa Budonis]]<ref name="">Meiller, A. von. (1866). ''Regesta archiepiscoporum Maguntinensium: Regesten zur Geschichte der Mainzer Erzbischöfe''. [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner’sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Biesdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Comitis in Trogona]]<ref name="Gudenus 1743"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gräfendhron'')</small> * [[Villa Crassa]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dickendorf'')</small> * [[Villa Deghonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dexheim'')</small> * [[Villa Dinonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dienheim'')</small> * [[Villa Ezzonis]]<ref name="Pokorny 1959 & 1989"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Eßweiler'')</small> * [[Villa Feuzonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feusdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Filonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Feilsdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Fontis (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Villa Fontis]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis|Circulo Rhenano et Lauganensi]]<ref name="CREL">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis" -Theodisce ''Rhein-Lahn-Kreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-Kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Rhenanus-a-um" et "Lauganensis-e" ad flumina [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] et [[Laugana]]m referuntur. De primo hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}; de secundo, vide {{Murray}}. De Latinā huius circuli versione, confer aliarum linguarum versiones ''Distrito de Rin-Lahn'' et ''Arrondissement de Rhin-Lahn'' et ''Distrito do Reno-Lano'' et ''Circondario del Reno-Lahn'' et ''Zemský okres Rýn-Lahn'' et Рейн-Лан.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bornich'')</small> * [[Villa Fontis (Hassia Rhenana)|Villa Fontis]]<ref name="Kaufmann 1976"/> <small>(in [[Hassia Rhenana]]<ref name="Hassia Rhenana">Vide [https://dn790008.ca.archive.org/0/items/a608058900schuuoft/a608058900schuuoft.pdf ''Status dioecesium catholicarum in Austria germanica''], ubi dicitur "Hassia rhenana (ubi jus francogallicum valet)".</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bornheim'')</small> * [[Villa Fontis (Palatinatus)|Villa Fontis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bornheim'')</small> * [[Villa Furnorum]]<ref name="Forcellini 1864-1887"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Föhren'')</small> * [[Villa Hamulonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hemmelzen'')</small> * [[Villa Heisonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heisdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Helmani]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Helmenzen'')</small> * [[Villa Palustris]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Fensdorf'')</small> * [[Villa Solitaria (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Villa Solitaria]]<ref name="Böhmer 1870">Böhmer, J. F. (1870). ''Regesta Archiepiscoporum Maguntinensium''. Wagner.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Einselthum''; [[Palatinice]] ''Oinseldumm'')</small> * [[Villa Vallis (prope Bedense Castrum)|Villa Vallis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Villare ad Casas (Eiflia)|Villare ad Casas]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Beuren'')</small> * [[Villare ad Casas (Silva Alta)|Villare ad Casas]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(in Silva Alta<ref name="Steininger 1836"/>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Beuren'')</small> * [[Villare Battonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Battweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Bavonis (Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis)|Villare Bavonis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis|Circulo Eiflensi Bedensi et Prumiensi]]<ref name="CEBEP">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Eiflensis Bedensis et Prumiensis" -Theodisce ''Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Eiflensis-e" et "Bedensis-e" et "Prumiensis-e" ad [[Eifla]]m et "Bedense castrum" et "[[Prumia (monasterium)|Prumiam]]" referuntur. Omnibus de his toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>(Theodisce ''Bauler'')</small> * [[Villare Belgicum]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Belgweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bellischwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Benzonis]]<ref name="Görz 1886"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Benzweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bensad'')</small> * [[Villare Berichonis prope Bemondulam]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/><ref name="Stadt Baumholder"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berschweiler bei Baumholder'')</small> * [[Villare Berichonis prope Kyrinam]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/><ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Berschweiler bei Kirn''; [[Hunnice]] ''Berschwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Beronis]]<ref name="Beyer 1860"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Barweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Betularum]]<ref name="Bärsch 1844"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Birkweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Bruningis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Breunigweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Brunonis]]<ref name="Lehmann 1841"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Braunweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Cerasorum]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirschweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Dannonis-Rivus Dominicus]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dennweiler-Frohnbach'')</small> * [[Villare Dassonis]]<ref name="Schannat 1723"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Daxweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Dintzonis]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Dienstweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Domus]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heimweiler'')</small> * [[Villare ad Ecclesiam]]<ref name="Schannat I 1794"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Kirchweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Ericae]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Heidweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Fartonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900">Förstemann, E. (1900). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen''. [[Bonna]]e: Hanstein; et: Förstemann, E. (1900). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen'' (Vol. 2). Bonnae, in Germania: Hanstein; et: Förstemann, E. (1900). ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch: Ortsnamen und sonstige geographische Namen'' (Vol. 2). Nordhausen.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Farschweiler''; [[Franconice-Mosellanice]] ''Foaschweila'')</small> * [[Villare Fersconis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Ferschweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Franconis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Frankweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Geilonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gehlweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Gälwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Geronis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gehrweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Grawonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1900"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Gaugrehweiler''; [[Palatinice]] ''Grehwiller'')</small> * [[Villare Hanonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hennweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Herichi]]<ref> regionalgeschichte.net. (s.f.). ''Geschichte von Herchweiler''.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Herchweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Husonis]]<ref name="Förstemann 1916"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Hausweiler'')</small> * [[Villare in Monte]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bergweiler'')</small> * [[Villare Paludosum]]<ref name="Wampach 1935"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bruchweiler''; [[Hunnice]] ''Bruchwilla'')</small> * [[Villare Ursi]]<ref name="Hontheim 1750"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Bärweiler'')</small> * [[Vinningen]] * [[Virneburg]] * [[Völkersweiler]] * [[Volkerzen]] * [[Volkesfeld]] * [[Vollmersbach]] * [[Vollmersweiler]] * [[Volxheim]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Wachenheim (Pfrimm)|Wachenheim]] * [[Wagenhausen (Eiflia)|Wagenhausen]] * [[Wahlbach (Tergum Caninum)|Wahlbach]] * [[Wahlenau]] * [[Wahlheim]] * [[Wahlrod]] * [[Wahnwegen]] * [[Waigandshain]] * [[Waldalgesheim]] * [[Waldböckelheim]] (Theodisce ''Waldböckelheim''; [[Hunnice]] ''Beggelum'') * [[Waldbreitbach]] * [[Waldesch]] * [[Waldfischbach-Burgalben]] * [[Waldgrehweiler]] * [[Waldhambach (Pfalz)|Waldhambach]] * [[Waldhof-Falkenstein]] * [[Waldlaubersheim]] * [[Waldleiningen]] * [[Waldmühlen]] * [[Waldorf (Rheinland-Pfalz)|Waldorf]] * [[Waldrach]] * [[Waldrohrbach]] * [[Waldsee (Pfalz)|Waldsee]] * [[Waldweiler]] * [[Walhausen]] * [[Wallenborn]] * [[Wallendorf (Eiflia)|Wallendorf]] * [[Wallersheim (Eiflia)|Wallersheim]] * [[Wallertheim]] * [[Wallhalben]] * [[Wallhausen (prope Cruciniacum)|Wallhausen]] * [[Wallmenroth]] * [[Wallscheid]] * [[Walsdorf (Eiflia)|Walsdorf]] * [[Walshausen]] * [[Walsheim]] * [[Walterschen]] * [[Warmsroth]] * [[Wartenberg-Rohrbach]] * [[Wasenbach]] * [[Wassenach]] * [[Wasserliesch]] * [[Wattenheim]] * [[Watzerath]] * [[Wawern (Eiflia)|Wawern]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Wawern (Saar)|Wawern]] <small>(Saar)</small> * [[Waxweiler]] * [[Wehr (Eiflia)|Wehr]] * [[Weibern (Eiflia)|Weibern]] * [[Weiden (Circulus terrae Birkenfeldensis)|Weiden]] * [[Weidenbach (Eiflia)|Weidenbach]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Weidenbach (Taunus)|Weidenbach]] <small>(in [[Taunus mons|Tauno]]<ref name="Hofmann"/>)</small> * [[Weidenhahn]] * [[Weidenthal]] * [[Weidingen]] * [[Weiler (bei Mayen)|Weiler]] <small>(bei Mayen)</small> * [[Weiler (bei Ulmen)|Weiler]] <small>(bei Ulmen)</small> * [[Weiler bei Bingen]] * [[Weiler bei Monzingen]] * [[Weilerbach]] * [[Weinähr]] * [[Weingarten (Pfalz)]] * [[Weinolsheim]] * [[Weinsheim (prope Cruciniacum)|Weinsheim]] <small>(prope [[Cruciniacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Weinsheim (Eiflia)|Weinsheim]] <small>(in [[Eiflia]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Weisel (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Weisel]] * [[Weisenheim am Berg]] * [[Weisenheim am Sand]] * [[Weitefeld]] * [[Weitersbach]] * [[Weitersborn]] * [[Weitersburg]] * [[Weitersweiler]] * [[Welcherath]] * [[Welchweiler]] * [[Welgesheim]] * [[Welkenbach]] * [[Wellen (Mosel)|Wellen]] * [[Welling]] * [[Welschbillig]] * [[Welschenbach]] * [[Welschneudorf]] * [[Welterod]] * [[Weltersburg]] * [[Wendelsheim]] * [[Werkhausen]] * [[Wernersberg]] * [[Weroth]] * [[Wershofen]] * [[Weselberg]] * [[Westernohe]] * [[Westheim (Pfalz)]] * [[Westhofen]] * [[Wettlingen]] * [[Weyer (Circulus Rhenanus et Lauganensis)|Weyer]] * [[Weyerbusch]] * [[Weyher in der Pfalz]] * [[Wickenrodt]] * [[Wiebelsheim]] * [[Wied (bei Hachenburg)|Wied]] * [[Wierschem]] * [[Wiersdorf (Eiflia)|Wiersdorf]] * [[Wiesbach (Pfalz)|Wiesbach]] * [[Wiesbaum]] * [[Wiesemscheid]] * [[Wiesweiler]] * [[Wilgartswiesen]] * [[Willingen (Occidentalis Silva)|Willingen]] * [[Willmenrod]] * [[Willroth]] * [[Willwerscheid]] * [[Wilsecker]] * [[Wiltingen]] * [[Wilzenberg-Hußweiler]] * [[Wimbach]] * [[Wincheringen]] * [[Winden (Nassau)|Winden]] <small>(Nassau)</small> * [[Winden (Pfalz)|Winden]] <small>(in [[Palatinatus|Palatinatu]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> * [[Windesheim]] * [[Windhagen]] * [[Winkel (Eiflia)]] * [[Winkelbach]] * [[Winnen]] * [[Winnerath]] * [[Winningen]] * [[Winnweiler]] * [[Winringen]] * [[Winterbach (Pfalz)]] * [[Winterbach (Soonwald)|Winterbach]] <small>(Soonwald)</small> * [[Winterborn (Pfalz)|Winterborn]] * [[Winterburg]] * [[Winternheimium Minus]]<ref name="Remling 1852"/> <small>(Theodisce ''Klein-Winternheim'')</small> * [[Winterscheid]] * [[Wintersheim]] * [[Winterspelt]] * [[Winterwerb]] * [[Wintrich]] * [[Wirft]] * [[Wirfus]] * [[Wirscheid]] * [[Wirschweiler]] * [[Wißmannsdorf]] * [[Wittgert]] * [[Woldert]] * [[Wölferlingen]] * [[Wolfsheim (Gemeinde)|Wolfsheim]] * [[Wolken (bei Koblenz)|Wolken]] * [[Wollmerath]] * [[Wöllstein]] * [[Wölmersen]] * [[Wolsfeld]] * [[Womrath]] * [[Wonsheim]] * [[Woppenroth]] * [[Würrich]] * [[Würzweiler]] * [[Wüschheim (Tergum Caninum)|Wüschheim]] * [[Wydentale]]<ref>Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (s. f.). ''About: Hinterweidenthal''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> <small>(Theodisce ''Hinterweidenthal'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zehnhausen bei Rennerod]] * [[Zehnhausen bei Wallmerod]] * [[Zeiskam]] * [[Zellertal]] * [[Zeltingen-Rachtig]] * [[Zemmer]] * [[Zendscheid]] * [[Zerf]] * [[Zettingen]] * [[Ziegenhain (Occidentalis Silva)|Ziegenhain]] * [[Zilshausen]] * [[Zimmerschied]] * [[Zornheim]] * [[Zotzenheim]] * [[Züsch]] * [[Zweifelscheid]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria: Urbes Rhenaniae-Palatinatus]] 56h5otb7ebaf0jtzeeitvud0a5jmhcg 0 324790 3958341 3958163 2026-05-04T16:02:19Z Neander 1973 3958341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Pellicula |Imago= The Silence of the Lambs.png |Titulus= The Silence of the Lambs |Latinus titulus= Silentium agnorum |Annus= [[1991]] |Moderator= [[Ionathan Demme]] |Scriptor= [[Thumas Harris]] |Actores= [[Jodie Foster]]<br />[[Antonius Hopkins]] |Compositor= [[Howard Shore]] |Duratio= 118 minuta |Lingua=[[Lingua Anglica|Anglica]] }} {{ores|The Silence of the Lambs}} (‘Silentium agnorum’) est [[fabula formidulosa|pellicula formidulosa]] sive ''thriller'' a [[Ionathan Demme]] disposita, primum anno [[1991]] vulgata, quae in libro [[The Silence of the Lambs|eiusdem tituli]] a [[Thomas Harris|Thoma Harris]] scripto posita est. Personae primariae pelliculae, quae omnino quinque ex potioribus [[praemium Oscar|praemiis Oscar]] tulit, a [[Jodie Foster|Tsodia Foster]] et [[Antonius Hopkins|Antonio Hopkins]] aguntur. Inde ab [[anni 1990|annis 1990]] pelliculae de [[homicida serialis|homicidis serialibus]] huius pelliculae successu elatae sunt. == Argumentum == [[FBI]] homicidam serialem a biocolytis [[Kansanopolis|Kansanopolitanis]] "Buffalo Bill" (Ted Levine) appellatum venatur, qui multas iam virgines occidit et post mortem partim glubit. Cum inquisitores, duce Iacobo Crawford (Scott Glenn), nullo modo in investigationibus suis progressi sint, auxilium petunt ab Hannibale Lecter, psychiatro anthropophago et homicida seriali, qui in carcerem coniectus est. Propositum est enim, ut huius psychopathici peritia psychiatrica vigilibus commodum magnum datura sit. Itaque Crawford adire statuit Clarissam Starling (Jodie Foster), alumnam [[Academia FBI|Academiae FBI]], cui mandat, ut Hannibalem Lecter percontetur. Credit enim, si Lecter opiniones suas de "Buffalo Bill" dare voluerit, hoc prodesse posse ad hunc capiendum homicidam periculosissimum. Itaque Starling [[Baltimora (Terra Mariae)|Baltimora]]m ad institutum psychiatricum iter facit, ubi doctor Fridericus Chilton (Anthony Heald), eam ad cellam Hannibalis Lecter ducit. Lecter primo comiter et urbane se gerit, sed deinde frustratus eam demittit, quod se a "[[sturnus|sturno]]" clam observari percipiat. Dum egreditur Clarissa, unus ex captivis masturbatus semen ex manu sua in faciem exientis iacit. Lecter hac ruditate foedissima iratus Clarissam revocat, eique dicit, ut unum ex pristinis aegrotis suis quaerat. Quo indicio Starling se confert ad quoddam receptaculum, ubi caput viri abscisum invenit in urceo positum. Qua de causa ad Lecter reversa novum accipit indicium: virum decapitatum cum Buffalo Bill aliquam habere rationem. Lecter, initio dubius, cooperari consentit, sed condicionem "[[quid pro quo]]" apponit: Ille quodvis Clarissae praebuerit indicium, haec quadam recula ex vita sua privata remunerabitur. Per colloquia eorum apparet Clarissam traumate psychologico laborare, nam puella matrem mature amisit, postea patrem, vigilem in proelio interfectum. Postea, breve tempus in fundo avunculi habitavit. Quodam mane, horrore experrecta, agnos ad mactationem electos sine auxilio balare audivit. Dixit enim se unum saltem agnum servare conatam esse. Attamen temptatio vana modum exessit parvae puellae. Hodie quoque interdum, dum dormit, balatum agnorum audit. Lecter angorem Clarissae agnoscit, putatque eam de capiendo "Buffalo Bill" et sic superando traumate suo somniare: tum demum agnorum fiat silentium. Dum "sessiones" progrediuntur, Lecter quandam misericordiam sentire videtur erga virginem ambitiosam et elegantem humilibus parentibus natam. Inter hos duos protagonistas, subtile certamen psychologicum oritur. Inter [[autopsia]]m victimae caedis, [[acherontia atropos]] — papilio qui in tergo imaginem [[calvaria]]e humanae similem habet — a Clarissa invenitur. Qui papilio ibi de industria positus esse videtur. Existimat Lecter interfectorem identitatem suam odisse, et quidem in aliquid pulchri, fortasse mulierem, transformari cupere. Senatoris Ruth Martin filià Catharinà a Buffalo Bill abductà, Lecter se scelerosum raptorem cognovisse dicit. Si nomen raptoris patefaciat, condiciones meliores et translationem ex [[nosocomium|nosocomio]] forensi postulat. Senator Martin eum [[Memphis|Memphidem]] transfert et meliores condiciones offert. Lecter in curia [[Tennesia]]e sub maxima securitate captivus habetur. Deinde effugit et sine vestigiis disparet. Clarissa memoriis colloquiorum cum Lecter habitorum uti conatur, Lecter enim ei dixerat solutionem in documentis esse: interfectorem desiderio moveri, nam initio aliquid quod cotidie videret cupivisse. Clarissa [[Belvederium Ohiense]],<ref>Urbs commenticia.</ref> patriam primae victimae caedis, proficiscitur, causamque agnoscit: interfectorem mulieres obesas rapere, easque in fame consumptas mox perdere, et cute deglubere. Praeterea putat interfectorem mulierem esse cupere, quod vestem ex hac pelle consueret. In investigatione, Clarissa in Iacobum Gordon incidit, notum primae victimae caedis, cuius verum nomen Iacobus Gumb est. Tandem apparet de "Buffalo Bill" homicida agi. Decertatio domi eius fit. Instrumento visionis nocturnae utitur, quo iam antea cum filiam senatoris raperet usus erat ad navigandum, postquam interruptionem electricitatem deliberate interruperit. Clarissa eum ad sui defensionem eum sclopetat et filiam senatoris liberat, quam Gumb in cella subterranea captivam tenet. Postea, Clarissa ex Academia FBI [[Quantico]] graduatur et in caerimonia graduationis inopinatum accipit telephonema|: Lecter ex aeriportu in [[Caribia|Caribica]] insula [[Bimini]] vocat, quo doctorem Chilton, priorem directorem carceris, modo advenisse dicit. E Clarissa, num nunc taceant agni, sciscitatur. Ex longinquo permotum observat Chilton, qui sollicitatus de consiliis securitatis quaerere videtur. Clarissam valere iubet Lecter, dicitque se amicum veterem ad cenam habiturum.<ref>Cum de inclinatione Hannibalis Lecter sciamus, non multum abest, quin eum de cena solitaria cogitare intellegamus; nam Anglice "I'm having an old friend for dinner" dicit.</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * {{IMDb title|0102926|Silence of the Lambs}} [[Categoria:Pelliculae 1991]] 7lyvvy1h0g9zx0pqfwmyw4i0gs8mcvj